query stringclasses 190 values | positive listlengths 1 5 | negative listlengths 4 4 | system stringlengths 69 2.19k |
|---|---|---|---|
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'? | [
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"mycoderma cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"brewer's yeast (saccharomyces ce... | [
"true yeasts (saccharomycotina)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)",
"saccharomyces lactis (kluyveromyces lactis)",
"saccharomyces albicans (candida albicans)"
] | Given the context 'The N-terminally HA-tagged allele of BFR1 was generated by PCR-amplifiction of the BFR1 locus from wild-type (W303) yeast genomic DNA using the primers BFR1HAF1 (5′-CCGCGGATCCATGTACC-CATACGACGTCCCAGACTACGCTATGTCCTCCCAAC-AACACAA-3′) and BFR1HINDR1 (5′-CCGCAAGCTTGTCG-ACTATTTCATATGCCACAGGAAACAG-3′), and subcloned into YIPlac211.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'? | [
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"mycoderma cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"brewer's yeast (saccharomyces ce... | [
"true yeasts (saccharomycotina)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)",
"saccharomyces lactis (kluyveromyces lactis)",
"saccharomyces albicans (candida albicans)"
] | Given the context 'Finally, the HA–BFR1 allele was substituted into the yeast genome in place of the native allele using linearization with SphI and standard two-step gene replacement techniques.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'? | [
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"mycoderma cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"brewer's yeast (saccharomyces ce... | [
"true yeasts (saccharomycotina)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)",
"saccharomyces lactis (kluyveromyces lactis)",
"saccharomyces albicans (candida albicans)"
] | Given the context 'All yeast transformations and culture manipulations were performed according to standard protocols as described elsewhere (19).
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'? | [
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"mycoderma cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"brewer's yeast (saccharomyces ce... | [
"true yeasts (saccharomycotina)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)",
"saccharomyces lactis (kluyveromyces lactis)",
"saccharomyces albicans (candida albicans)"
] | Given the context 'Confirmation of genomic integrations
All genomic integrations were confirmed by PCR amplifications from purified yeast genomic DNA.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'? | [
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"mycoderma cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"brewer's yeast (saccharomyces ce... | [
"true yeasts (saccharomycotina)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)",
"saccharomyces lactis (kluyveromyces lactis)",
"saccharomyces albicans (candida albicans)"
] | Given the context 'In brief, a 100 ml culture of yeast was grown in either YEPD or Hartwell synthetic medium, to early-log phase (OD600 = 1.0), at which time cyclohexamide (Sigma) was added directly to the culture to a final concentration of 100 µg/ml.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'bovine'? | [
"bovine (bos taurus)",
"cow (bos taurus) (bos taurus)",
"bos bovis (bos taurus)",
"domestic cattle (bos taurus)",
"domestic cow (bos taurus)"
] | [
"cattle (bos)",
"bos (cattle)",
"bovidae",
"bos taurus indicus (bos indicus)"
] | Given the context 'The column had been calibrated previously using the following molecular weight standards (Sigma): blue dextran (2000 kDa), thyroglobulin (669 kDa), apoferritin (443 kDa), alcohol dehydrogenase (150 kDa), and bovine serum albumin (66 kDa).', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'? | [
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"mycoderma cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"brewer's yeast (saccharomyces ce... | [
"true yeasts (saccharomycotina)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)",
"saccharomyces lactis (kluyveromyces lactis)",
"saccharomyces albicans (candida albicans)"
] | Given the context 'Yeast were lysed as described for polyribosome analysis, with an additional clarification by passage through a 0.2 µm syringe-tip filter (Acrodisc) and run over the column at a rate of 0.5 ml/min in polyribosome lysis buffer following treatment with the indicated reagents.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'? | [
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"mycoderma cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"brewer's yeast (saccharomyces ce... | [
"true yeasts (saccharomycotina)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)",
"saccharomyces lactis (kluyveromyces lactis)",
"saccharomyces albicans (candida albicans)"
] | Given the context 'α-FLAG affinity chromatography
For most experiments, one liter yeast cultures were grown to early log-phase and harvested by centrifugation.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'? | [
"mouse (mus musculus)",
"mus musculus (house mouse)",
"house mouse (mus musculus)"
] | [
"mouse (mus <genus>)",
"mice (mus <genus>) (mus <genus>)",
"mus <genus> (mice (mus <genus>))",
"mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse)"
] | Given the context 'FLAG–Scp160p fusion protein was detected by incubation of the filter with mouse M2 anti-FLAG monoclonal antibody (10 µg/ml final concentration), followed by HRP-conjugated sheep anti-mouse secondary antibody (Amersham), diluted 1:5000 as per the manufacturer’s instructions, and ECL reagent (Amersham), followed by exposure to X-ray film.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'sheep'? | [
"sheep (ovis aries)",
"domestic sheep (ovis aries)",
"wild sheep (ovis aries)",
"lambs (ovis aries)",
"ovis ovis (ovis aries)"
] | [
"bovidae",
"dall sheep (ovis dalli)",
"ovis aries vignei (ovis vignei)",
"ovis dalli (dall's sheep)"
] | Given the context 'FLAG–Scp160p fusion protein was detected by incubation of the filter with mouse M2 anti-FLAG monoclonal antibody (10 µg/ml final concentration), followed by HRP-conjugated sheep anti-mouse secondary antibody (Amersham), diluted 1:5000 as per the manufacturer’s instructions, and ECL reagent (Amersham), followed by exposure to X-ray film.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'mouse'? | [
"mouse (mus musculus)",
"mus musculus (house mouse)",
"house mouse (mus musculus)"
] | [
"mouse (mus <genus>)",
"mice (mus <genus>) (mus <genus>)",
"mus <genus> (mice (mus <genus>))",
"mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse)"
] | Given the context 'FLAG–Scp160p fusion protein was detected by incubation of the filter with mouse M2 anti-FLAG monoclonal antibody (10 µg/ml final concentration), followed by HRP-conjugated sheep anti-mouse secondary antibody (Amersham), diluted 1:5000 as per the manufacturer’s instructions, and ECL reagent (Amersham), followed by exposure to X-ray film.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'bovine'? | [
"bovine (bos taurus)",
"cow (bos taurus) (bos taurus)",
"bos bovis (bos taurus)",
"domestic cattle (bos taurus)",
"domestic cow (bos taurus)"
] | [
"cattle (bos)",
"bos (cattle)",
"bovidae",
"bos taurus indicus (bos indicus)"
] | Given the context 'By performing a standard analysis using bovine serum albumin, the stain was able to detect ~15 ng total protein per lane.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'? | [
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"mycoderma cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"brewer's yeast (saccharomyces ce... | [
"true yeasts (saccharomycotina)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)",
"saccharomyces lactis (kluyveromyces lactis)",
"saccharomyces albicans (candida albicans)"
] | Given the context 'RESULTS
Expression of tagged Scp160p in yeast
An N-terminal FLAG-tagged form of Scp160p was created to facilitate detection of the protein in cells and extracts (Fig. 1A).', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'? | [
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"mycoderma cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"brewer's yeast (saccharomyces ce... | [
"true yeasts (saccharomycotina)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)",
"saccharomyces lactis (kluyveromyces lactis)",
"saccharomyces albicans (candida albicans)"
] | Given the context 'To probe functionality of this fusion protein, we used two-step gene replacement (18) to substitute the modified allele into the SCP160 locus of haploid yeast, and then tested the morphological phenotype of the resultant cells.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'? | [
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"mycoderma cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"brewer's yeast (saccharomyces ce... | [
"true yeasts (saccharomycotina)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)",
"saccharomyces lactis (kluyveromyces lactis)",
"saccharomyces albicans (candida albicans)"
] | Given the context 'In all cases, yeast expressing tagged Scp160p in place of the native protein appeared indistinguishable from the corresponding wild-type strains (data not shown).', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'? | [
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"mycoderma cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"brewer's yeast (saccharomyces ce... | [
"true yeasts (saccharomycotina)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)",
"saccharomyces lactis (kluyveromyces lactis)",
"saccharomyces albicans (candida albicans)"
] | Given the context 'As a negative control, we also deleted almost the entire SCP160 coding region from the genomes of these yeast strains (Fig. 1A), and confirmed the expected mutant phenotype (data not shown).
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'? | [
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"mycoderma cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"brewer's yeast (saccharomyces ce... | [
"true yeasts (saccharomycotina)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)",
"saccharomyces lactis (kluyveromyces lactis)",
"saccharomyces albicans (candida albicans)"
] | Given the context 'Scp160p associates with polyribosomes
To test the hypothesis that Scp160p associates with polyribosomes we used sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation to size-fractionate subcellular components of lysates prepared from yeast expressing the N-terminal FLAG-tagged Scp160p protein.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'? | [
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"mycoderma cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"brewer's yeast (saccharomyces ce... | [
"true yeasts (saccharomycotina)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)",
"saccharomyces lactis (kluyveromyces lactis)",
"saccharomyces albicans (candida albicans)"
] | Given the context 'A convenient internal control for these gradients was provided by an unknown endogenous yeast cross-reacting protein at ~100 kDa, that exemplified the migration pattern of a free protein, appearing only in the upper fractions of the gradient (Fig.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'? | [
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"mycoderma cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"brewer's yeast (saccharomyces ce... | [
"true yeasts (saccharomycotina)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)",
"saccharomyces lactis (kluyveromyces lactis)",
"saccharomyces albicans (candida albicans)"
] | Given the context 'To determine whether the migration pattern of Scp160p in these sucrose gradients truly reflected association with yeast polyribosomes, lysates were pre-treated with either 30 mM EDTA or 50 U/ml', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'? | [
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"mycoderma cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"brewer's yeast (saccharomyces ce... | [
"true yeasts (saccharomycotina)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)",
"saccharomyces lactis (kluyveromyces lactis)",
"saccharomyces albicans (candida albicans)"
] | Given the context 'The fact that RNase treatment and high salt both generated Scp160p species of similar apparent molecular weight suggests that these high salt concentrations resulted in the disassociation of RNA, and perhaps other components, from Scp160p.
Pab1p and Bfr1p are present in EDTA-resistant Scp160p-containing complexes
To determine if the >1300 kDa Scp160p-containing complexes remaining after EDTA treatment were mRNPs, we assayed for the presence of the yeast poly(A) binding protein, Pab1p, following α-FLAG affinity purification as illustrated in Figure 4. Pab1p is an abundant and well-characterized component of mRNP complexes in yeast, as well as higher eukaryotes (14,15,25).', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'? | [
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"mycoderma cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"brewer's yeast (saccharomyces ce... | [
"true yeasts (saccharomycotina)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)",
"saccharomyces lactis (kluyveromyces lactis)",
"saccharomyces albicans (candida albicans)"
] | Given the context 'The fact that RNase treatment and high salt both generated Scp160p species of similar apparent molecular weight suggests that these high salt concentrations resulted in the disassociation of RNA, and perhaps other components, from Scp160p.
Pab1p and Bfr1p are present in EDTA-resistant Scp160p-containing complexes
To determine if the >1300 kDa Scp160p-containing complexes remaining after EDTA treatment were mRNPs, we assayed for the presence of the yeast poly(A) binding protein, Pab1p, following α-FLAG affinity purification as illustrated in Figure 4. Pab1p is an abundant and well-characterized component of mRNP complexes in yeast, as well as higher eukaryotes (14,15,25).', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'? | [
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"mycoderma cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"brewer's yeast (saccharomyces ce... | [
"true yeasts (saccharomycotina)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)",
"saccharomyces lactis (kluyveromyces lactis)",
"saccharomyces albicans (candida albicans)"
] | Given the context 'In addition, we performed mock purifications using lysates from yeast expressing the wild-type allele of SCP160 without the FLAG epitope (Fig. 5F), or with an unrelated FLAG-tagged protein, human galactose 1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (GALT) (Fig.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'? | [
"human (homo sapiens)",
"homo sapiens (human)"
] | [
"humans (homo)",
"homo (humans)",
"kingdom",
"genus"
] | Given the context 'In addition, we performed mock purifications using lysates from yeast expressing the wild-type allele of SCP160 without the FLAG epitope (Fig. 5F), or with an unrelated FLAG-tagged protein, human galactose 1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (GALT) (Fig.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'? | [
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"mycoderma cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"brewer's yeast (saccharomyces ce... | [
"true yeasts (saccharomycotina)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)",
"saccharomyces lactis (kluyveromyces lactis)",
"saccharomyces albicans (candida albicans)"
] | Given the context 'Monomeric Scp160p migrates as a ~450 kDa protein under native conditions
As a first step to characterize the post RNase/NaCl 450 kDa Scp160p species we compared it with Scp160p over-expressed and purified from an exogenous host, the yeast Pichia pastoris.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'pichia pastoris'? | [
"pichia pastoris (komagataella pastoris)",
"zygosaccharomyces pastoris (komagataella pastoris)",
"komagataella pastoris (zygosaccharomyces pastoris)"
] | [
"saccharomyces pastorianus (saccharomyces carlsbergensis)",
"pichia pastoris dsmz 70382 (komagataella pastoris dsmz 70382)",
"lager yeast (saccharomyces pastorianus)",
"saccharomyces carlsbergensis (saccharomyces pastorianus)"
] | Given the context 'Monomeric Scp160p migrates as a ~450 kDa protein under native conditions
As a first step to characterize the post RNase/NaCl 450 kDa Scp160p species we compared it with Scp160p over-expressed and purified from an exogenous host, the yeast Pichia pastoris.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'? | [
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"mycoderma cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"brewer's yeast (saccharomyces ce... | [
"true yeasts (saccharomycotina)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)",
"saccharomyces lactis (kluyveromyces lactis)",
"saccharomyces albicans (candida albicans)"
] | Given the context 'To test this hypothesis, yeast expressing FLAG–Scp160p were transfected with a centromeric plasmid, YCplac22–HA–Scp160p, encoding a distinct, HA-tagged allele of the protein.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'? | [
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"mycoderma cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"brewer's yeast (saccharomyces ce... | [
"true yeasts (saccharomycotina)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)",
"saccharomyces lactis (kluyveromyces lactis)",
"saccharomyces albicans (candida albicans)"
] | Given the context 'As seen in Figure 7C, when yeast co-expressing the two alleles were lysed and the FLAG-tagged protein was isolated as described above, no HA–Scp160p co-purified with the FLAG–Scp160p.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'? | [
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"mycoderma cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"brewer's yeast (saccharomyces ce... | [
"true yeasts (saccharomycotina)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)",
"saccharomyces lactis (kluyveromyces lactis)",
"saccharomyces albicans (candida albicans)"
] | Given the context 'The data presented here demonstrate two main points regarding the biochemical associations and function of Scp160p in yeast.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'? | [
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"mycoderma cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"brewer's yeast (saccharomyces ce... | [
"true yeasts (saccharomycotina)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)",
"saccharomyces lactis (kluyveromyces lactis)",
"saccharomyces albicans (candida albicans)"
] | Given the context 'Furthermore, by utilizing yeast co-expressing two distinct epitope-tagged versions of Scp160p, we have ruled out the possibility of self-association of Scp160p.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'? | [
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"mycoderma cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"brewer's yeast (saccharomyces ce... | [
"true yeasts (saccharomycotina)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)",
"saccharomyces lactis (kluyveromyces lactis)",
"saccharomyces albicans (candida albicans)"
] | Given the context 'In conclusion we have shown convincing evidence that Scp160p exists in yeast cytoplasmic extracts primarily associated with polyribosomes.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 's.cerevisiae'? | [
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883)",
"saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"mycoderma cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae)",
"brewer's yeast (saccharomyces ce... | [
"saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)",
"saccharomyces lactis (kluyveromyces lactis)",
"saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae",
"saccharomyces hansenii (debaryomyces hansenii)"
] | Given the context 'The presence of Pab1p suggests that Scp160p associates with polyribosomes as a component of an mRNP, demonstrating Scp160p to be the first S.cerevisiae multiple-KH domain protein characterized to function in this way.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'Discovery of genes implicated in whirling disease infection and resistance in rainbow trout using genome-wide expression profiling
Abstract
Background
Whirling disease, caused by the pathogen Myxobolus cerebralis, afflicts several salmonid species.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'myxobolus cerebralis'? | [
"myxobolus cerebralis"
] | [
"henneguya cerebralis",
"myxococcus cerebriformis (archangium gephyra)",
"myxobolus encephalicus (lentospora encephalica)",
"lentospora encephalica (myxobolus encephalicus)"
] | Given the context 'Discovery of genes implicated in whirling disease infection and resistance in rainbow trout using genome-wide expression profiling
Abstract
Background
Whirling disease, caused by the pathogen Myxobolus cerebralis, afflicts several salmonid species.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'Rainbow trout are particularly susceptible and may suffer high mortality rates.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'In this study, genome-wide expression profiling using cDNA microarrays was conducted for resistant Hofer and susceptible Trout Lodge rainbow trout strains following pathogen exposure with the primary objective of identifying specific genes implicated in whirling disease resistance.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'Results
Several genes were significantly up-regulated in skin following pathogen exposure for both the resistant and susceptible rainbow trout strains.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'Conclusion
The present study has provided an initial view into the genetic basis underlying immune response and resistance of rainbow trout to the whirling disease parasite.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'Background
Whirling disease was first described among farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), a native North American salmonid species, introduced to Germany as a food fish in the late 1800s', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'oncorhynchus mykiss'? | [
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus nerka mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"parasalmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)"
] | [
"oncorhyncus kisutch (oncorhynchus kisutch)",
"oncorhynchus kisutch (oncorhyncus kisutch)",
"oncorhynchus gilae (salmo gilae)",
"salmo keta (oncorhynchus keta)"
] | Given the context 'Background
Whirling disease was first described among farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), a native North American salmonid species, introduced to Germany as a food fish in the late 1800s', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'myxobolus cerebralis'? | [
"myxobolus cerebralis"
] | [
"henneguya cerebralis",
"myxococcus cerebriformis (archangium gephyra)",
"myxobolus encephalicus (lentospora encephalica)",
"lentospora encephalica (myxobolus encephalicus)"
] | Given the context 'Whirling disease is associated with systemic infections by the myxozoan Myxobolus cerebralis, a parasite with presumed origins among salmonid fish in Eurasia [2,3].', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'Rainbow trout are highly susceptible to whirling disease and the introduction of the parasite to the U.S.A. in the 1950s had immediate economic impacts on salmonid hatcheries in both eastern and western states [2].', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'The disease has more recently been recognized as the principal cause of major population declines among wild rainbow trout populations in the intermountain region of the U.S.A with serious negative impacts on sportfishing and allied industries [5-7].', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'bull trout'? | [
"bull trout (salvelinus confluentus)"
] | [
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"rv-brown trout",
"apache trout (oncorhynchus gilae apache)",
"rv-brook trout"
] | Given the context 'Additionally, concerns continue over the potential negative ecologic impacts of whirling disease on wild salmonid populations, particularly threatened or endangered salmonids such as bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus), cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki), and steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss)', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'salvelinus confluentus'? | [
"salvelinus confluentus (salmo confluentus)",
"salmo confluentus (salvelinus confluentus)",
"bull trout (salvelinus confluentus)"
] | [
"salvelinus leucomaenis japonicus",
"salvelinus alpinus salvelinus",
"salvelinus profundus (salmo salvelinus profundus)",
"salvelinus namaycush x salvelinus fontinalis"
] | Given the context 'Additionally, concerns continue over the potential negative ecologic impacts of whirling disease on wild salmonid populations, particularly threatened or endangered salmonids such as bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus), cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki), and steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss)', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'cutthroat trout'? | [
"cutthroat trout (oncorhynchus clarkii)"
] | [
"colorado river cutthroat trout (oncorhynchus clarkii pleuriticus)",
"colorado cutthroat trout (oncorhynchus clarkii pleuriticus)",
"coastal cutthroat trout (oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii)",
"greenback cutthroat trout (oncorhynchus clarkii stomias)"
] | Given the context 'Additionally, concerns continue over the potential negative ecologic impacts of whirling disease on wild salmonid populations, particularly threatened or endangered salmonids such as bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus), cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki), and steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss)', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'oncorhynchus clarki'? | [
"oncorhynchus clarki (oncorhynchus clarkii)",
"oncorhynchus clarkii (oncorhynchus clarki)",
"salmo clarki (oncorhynchus clarkii)",
"salmo clarkii (oncorhynchus clarkii)"
] | [
"oncorhynchus clarki clarki (oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii)",
"oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii (oncorhynchus clarki clarki)",
"salmo clarkii clarkii (oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii)",
"oncorhynchus clarki virginalis (oncorhynchus clarkii virginalis)"
] | Given the context 'Additionally, concerns continue over the potential negative ecologic impacts of whirling disease on wild salmonid populations, particularly threatened or endangered salmonids such as bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus), cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki), and steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss)', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'steelhead'? | [
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)"
] | [
"redfish (sebastes marinus)",
"sebastes norvegicus (sebastes marinus norvegicus)",
"labrus salmonides (micropterus salmoides)",
"sebastes marinus norvegicus (sebastes norvegicus)"
] | Given the context 'Additionally, concerns continue over the potential negative ecologic impacts of whirling disease on wild salmonid populations, particularly threatened or endangered salmonids such as bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus), cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki), and steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss)', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'oncorhynchus mykiss'? | [
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus nerka mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"parasalmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)"
] | [
"oncorhyncus kisutch (oncorhynchus kisutch)",
"oncorhynchus kisutch (oncorhyncus kisutch)",
"oncorhynchus gilae (salmo gilae)",
"salmo keta (oncorhynchus keta)"
] | Given the context 'Additionally, concerns continue over the potential negative ecologic impacts of whirling disease on wild salmonid populations, particularly threatened or endangered salmonids such as bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus), cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki), and steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss)', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'myxobolus cerebralis'? | [
"myxobolus cerebralis"
] | [
"henneguya cerebralis",
"myxococcus cerebriformis (archangium gephyra)",
"myxobolus encephalicus (lentospora encephalica)",
"lentospora encephalica (myxobolus encephalicus)"
] | Given the context '[8,9].
Myxobolus cerebralis has a complex life cycle that includes two alternate hosts, a salmonid fish and an oligochaete worm, Tubifex tubifex [10,11].', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'tubifex tubifex'? | [
"tubifex tubifex (lumbricus tubifex)",
"lumbricus tubifex (tubifex tubifex)",
"sludge worm (tubifex tubifex)"
] | [
"eunice tubifex",
"polyrhachis tubifex",
"tubifex",
"leucotrichia tubifex"
] | Given the context '[8,9].
Myxobolus cerebralis has a complex life cycle that includes two alternate hosts, a salmonid fish and an oligochaete worm, Tubifex tubifex [10,11].', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 't. tubifex'? | [
"tubifex tubifex (lumbricus tubifex)",
"lumbricus tubifex (tubifex tubifex)",
"sludge worm (tubifex tubifex)"
] | [
"tubifex",
"eunice tubifex",
"tubifex sp.",
"polyrhachis tubifex"
] | Given the context 'Death of infected fish or ingestion by fish or avian predators releases myxospores from the fish tissues and they may be ingested by the second host, the benthic dwelling oligochaete T. tubifex [19].', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'Susceptibility to whirling disease in U.S. rainbow trout strains is pervasive with only two of the tested native strains displaying any degree of resistance, which may be inconsistent and relatively moderate [21,22].', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'Hatchery rainbow trout in Germany (Hofer strain), however, have acquired a degree of resistance to whirling disease that is consistently much higher than any domestic rainbow strains and comparable to that of brown trout (Salmon trutta), which are native to Europe and typically asymptomatic following infection [23].', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'brown trout'? | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmo trutta (river trout)"
] | [
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"river trout (salmo trutta fario)",
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"brook trout (salvelinus fontinalis)"
] | Given the context 'Hatchery rainbow trout in Germany (Hofer strain), however, have acquired a degree of resistance to whirling disease that is consistently much higher than any domestic rainbow strains and comparable to that of brown trout (Salmon trutta), which are native to Europe and typically asymptomatic following infection [23].', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'salmon trutta'? | [
"salmo trutta (river trout)",
"river trout (salmo trutta)"
] | [
"salmo trutta trutta (sea trout)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)",
"australian salmon (arripis trutta)",
"salmoneus"
] | Given the context 'Hatchery rainbow trout in Germany (Hofer strain), however, have acquired a degree of resistance to whirling disease that is consistently much higher than any domestic rainbow strains and comparable to that of brown trout (Salmon trutta), which are native to Europe and typically asymptomatic following infection [23].', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'Laboratory tests comparing rainbow trout strains under the same environmental conditions and pathogen exposure indicate that the Hofer strain's ability to combat M. cerebralis infection has a genetic basis.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'Recently, controlled crosses of the Hofer strain and a susceptible strain (Colorado River rainbow trout [CRR]) demonstrated that resistance to whirling disease was inherited by progeny [24] and heritability estimates are currently underway.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'The discovery of the resistant Hofer strain allowed us to conduct an intraspecific comparison of susceptible and resistant rainbow trout in order to gain insight into the genetic basis underlying whirling disease susceptibility for this species.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'In this study, microarray analysis was used to examine expression changes in a resistant and susceptible strain of rainbow trout following exposure to M. cerebralis, the pathogen causing whirling disease.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'We have also found a gene which is significantly up-regulated in the resistant but remains unchanged in the susceptible rainbow trout strain following pathogen exposure that is a likely candidate gene for involvement in conferring whirling disease resistance.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'These mean values and standard deviations are similar to those obtained in additional studies of susceptible rainbow trout when examined at early time points post TAM exposure (unpublished data).
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'In order to study genes involved in whirling disease response, resistant and susceptible rainbow trout strains were exposed to M. cerebralis and RNA from skin tissue was converted to cDNA and hybridized onto microarrays.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'A combined total of 17 genes or features (14 annotated genes, 3 unknown features) were differentially expressed in one or both strains following pathogen exposure and are involved with rainbow trout infection response to whirling disease exposure.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'atlantic salmon'? | [
"atlantic salmon (salmo salar)",
"salmo salar (atlantic salmon)"
] | [
"salmonids (salmonidae)",
"salmonidae (salmonids)",
"salmoneus",
"salmons and trouts (salmoniformes)"
] | Given the context 'It is our hope that future genome sequencing will enable the construction of more comprehensive microarray platforms for economically important aquaculture species, such as Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'It is our hope that future genome sequencing will enable the construction of more comprehensive microarray platforms for economically important aquaculture species, such as Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'Additionally, the comparison of two rainbow trout strains (i.e., resistant versus susceptible) added another layer of complexity to the analysis.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus'? | [
"viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus)",
"hemorrhagic septicemia virus (viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus)",
"haemorrhagic septicemia virus (viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus)",
"viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus vhsv (viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus)",
"viral haemo... | [
"infectious hemorrhagic syndrome virus",
"haemorrhagic kidney syndrome virus",
"viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (strain makah) (viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus strain makah)",
"viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (strain 07-71) (viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus 07-71)"
] | Given the context 'Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus (VHSV) induced protein and neighbor of COX-4 are the only annotated genes without known molecular functions.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'vhsv'? | [
"vhsv (viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus) (viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus)",
"viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv (viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus))",
"viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus vhsv (viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus)",
"viral haemorrhagic scepticaemia virus vhs (viral hemorrhagic se... | [
"vector vhb",
"vhmlvirus vhml (vibrio virus vhml)",
"vibrio phage vhml (vibrio harveyi bacteriophage vhml)",
"vibrio virus vhml (vhmlvirus vhml)"
] | Given the context 'Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus (VHSV) induced protein and neighbor of COX-4 are the only annotated genes without known molecular functions.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'teleost fish'? | [
"teleost fish (teleostean fish)",
"teleostean fish (teleost fish)"
] | [
"teleost fishes (teleostei)",
"teleostei (teleost fishes)",
"zebrafish (danio rerio)",
"fish (chondrichthyes) (chondrichthyes)"
] | Given the context 'The interferon system is one of the first lines of host defense against invading pathogens for vertebrates (for review see [26]), including teleost fish (for review see [27]).', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'infectious pancreatic necrosis virus'? | [
"infectious pancreatic necrosis virus ipnv (infectious pancreatic necrosis virus)",
"infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (ipnv (infectious pancreatic necrosis virus))",
"ipnv (infectious pancreatic necrosis virus) (infectious pancreatic necrosis virus)"
] | [
"infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (serotype sp) (infectious pancreatic necrosis virus - sp)",
"infectious pancreatic necrosis virus - sp (infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (serotype sp))",
"infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (strain n1) (infectious pancreatic necrosis virus - n1)",
"infectious pancre... | Given the context 'Other economically important salmonid pathogens, such as infectious pancreatic necrosis virus and infectious salmon anaemia virus have been found to activate both type I and type II interferon (IFN) responses in the Atlantic salmon host following infection [28].', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'infectious salmon anaemia virus'? | [
"salmon isavirus (isavirus salaris)",
"isavirus salaris (salmon isavirus)"
] | [
"infectious salmon anaemia virus (infectious salmon anemia virus)",
"infectious salmonid anemia virus (infectious salmon anemia virus)",
"infectious salmon anemia virus (isav (infectious salmon anemia virus))",
"isav (infectious salmon anemia virus) (infectious salmon anemia virus)"
] | Given the context 'Other economically important salmonid pathogens, such as infectious pancreatic necrosis virus and infectious salmon anaemia virus have been found to activate both type I and type II interferon (IFN) responses in the Atlantic salmon host following infection [28].', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'atlantic salmon'? | [
"atlantic salmon (salmo salar)",
"salmo salar (atlantic salmon)"
] | [
"salmonids (salmonidae)",
"salmonidae (salmonids)",
"salmoneus",
"salmons and trouts (salmoniformes)"
] | Given the context 'Other economically important salmonid pathogens, such as infectious pancreatic necrosis virus and infectious salmon anaemia virus have been found to activate both type I and type II interferon (IFN) responses in the Atlantic salmon host following infection [28].', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'The PPAR-α-interacting complex protein 285 is a transcriptional co-activator with helicase activity [48] and has sequence similarity to a rainbow trout VHSV-induced protein.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'vhsv'? | [
"vhsv (viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus) (viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus)",
"viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv (viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus))",
"viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus vhsv (viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus)",
"viral haemorrhagic scepticaemia virus vhs (viral hemorrhagic se... | [
"vector vhb",
"vhmlvirus vhml (vibrio virus vhml)",
"vibrio phage vhml (vibrio harveyi bacteriophage vhml)",
"vibrio virus vhml (vhmlvirus vhml)"
] | Given the context 'The PPAR-α-interacting complex protein 285 is a transcriptional co-activator with helicase activity [48] and has sequence similarity to a rainbow trout VHSV-induced protein.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'mycobacterium tuberculosis'? | [
"mycobacterium tuberculosis (mycobacterium tuberculosis (zopf 1883) lehmann and neumann 1896 (approved lists 1980))",
"mycobacterium tuberculosis (zopf 1883) lehmann and neumann 1896 (approved lists 1980) (mycobacterium tuberculosis)",
"bacillus tuberculosis (mycobacterium tuberculosis)",
"bacterium tuberculo... | [
"mycobacterium tuberculosis subsp. tuberculosis",
"mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv (mycobacterium tuberculosis strain h37rv)",
"mycobacterium tuberculosis complex bacterium (mycobacterium tuberculosis complex sp.)",
"mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mycobacterium complex)"
] | Given the context 'A role for accumulated ubiquinated proteins in the lysosome in the killing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has recently been described that has implications for a range of intracellular infections [58] and some similar responses to infection may be occurring for both resistant and susceptible strains.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'Evaluations by light microscopy and qPCR for M. cerebralis genomic DNA of Hofer and Trout Lodge rainbow trout exposed to triactinomyxons demonstrates Hofer more efficiently eliminates invading parasites in the skin (M. Adkison, pers.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'A role for host immune factors in the elimination of invading parasites, even in susceptible rainbow trout strains, is suggested by several prior light and electron microscopy studies that demonstrate an increase in degenerative stages in the skin beginning as early as 12 h and then their elimination by 24 h post-exposure to triactinomyxons [12,16,63].
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'For instance, metallothionein's role as a zinc-finger transcriptional regulator [64] may dramatically alter the expression profiles between resistant and susceptible rainbow trout.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'Given the high degree of statistical support and biological relevance of the candidate genes, we believe this study provides initial insight into rainbow trout genes and pathways responding to whirling disease infection and identifies the first candidate genes for whirling disease resistance.
', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'For instance, metallothionein's role as a zinc-finger transcriptional regulator [64] may dramatically alter the expression profiles between resistant and susceptible rainbow trout.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'Conclusion
The present study has provided the first examination into the genetic basis underlying rainbow trout's immune response and resistance to the whirling disease pathogen.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'Several genes were significantly up-regulated in skin following pathogen exposure for both the resistant Hofer and susceptible Trout Lodge rainbow trout strains.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'Methods
Animal care, pathogen exposure, and RNA preparation
Hofer and Trout Lodge rainbow trout strains were reared in 35 gallon aquaria with 15°C flow-through well water for nine weeks post-hatch, with each fish weighing approximately 6.5 grams prior to pathogen exposure.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'atlantic salmon'? | [
"atlantic salmon (salmo salar)",
"salmo salar (atlantic salmon)"
] | [
"salmonids (salmonidae)",
"salmonidae (salmonids)",
"salmoneus",
"salmons and trouts (salmoniformes)"
] | Given the context 'These arrays contain 13,421 Atlantic salmon and 2,576 rainbow trout cDNA features and have been successfully used for several previous rainbow trout gene expression studies [70-73].', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'These arrays contain 13,421 Atlantic salmon and 2,576 rainbow trout cDNA features and have been successfully used for several previous rainbow trout gene expression studies [70-73].', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'These arrays contain 13,421 Atlantic salmon and 2,576 rainbow trout cDNA features and have been successfully used for several previous rainbow trout gene expression studies [70-73].', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'For each rainbow trout strain, competitive hybridization was conducted on every array using equal amounts (8 μg) of differentially labeled aRNA from one control fish and one exposed fish.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbow trout'? | [
"rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"salmo mykiss (oncorhynchus mykiss)",
"oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss)"
] | [
"river trout (salmo trutta)",
"salmon trout (oncorhynchus masou)",
"gila trout (oncorhynchus gilae)",
"sea trout (salmo trutta trutta)"
] | Given the context 'The Significance Analysis of Microarrays (SAM) software package [75] was used to identify differentially expressed genes between exposed and unexposed control fish for each rainbow trout strain.', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbit'? | [
"rabbit (oryctolagus cuniculus)",
"european rabbit (oryctolagus cuniculus)",
"domestic rabbit (oryctolagus cuniculus)",
"rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus)",
"japanese white rabbit (oryctolagus cuniculus)"
] | [
"rabbits and hares (leporidae)",
"swamp rabbit (sylvilagus aquaticus)",
"lepus cuniculus cuniculus (oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus)",
"marsh rabbit (sylvilagus palustris)"
] | Given the context 'In situ hybridization indicates the photoreceptor layer has the highest level of P2Y2 receptor of any region in the rabbit retina, although staining was not pronounced in monkey', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rat'? | [
"rats (rattus norvegicus) (rattus norvegicus)",
"rat (rattus norvegicus) (rattus norvegicus)",
"rattus norvegicus (rats (rattus norvegicus))",
"norway rat (rattus norvegicus)",
"brown rat (rattus norvegicus)"
] | [
"rats (rattus) (rattus)",
"rat (rattus) (rattus)",
"house rat (rattus rattus)",
"mus rattus (rattus rattus)"
] | Given the context 'A2 receptors have been recognized on cultured and fresh RPE cells for some time [26, 27], with in situ hybridization confirming the presence of A2A receptors in rat RPE', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'? | [
"human (homo sapiens)",
"homo sapiens (human)"
] | [
"humans (homo)",
"homo (humans)",
"kingdom",
"genus"
] | Given the context 'Although adenosine alone does not increase intracellular Ca2+ levels [31], adenosine acts synergistically with ATP to elevate Ca2+ levels in human RPE cells by stimulating both A1 and A2A receptors', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'? | [
"human (homo sapiens)",
"homo sapiens (human)"
] | [
"humans (homo)",
"homo (humans)",
"kingdom",
"genus"
] | Given the context 'The P2Y2 receptor was initially characterized in cultured human RPE', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rat'? | [
"rats (rattus norvegicus) (rattus norvegicus)",
"rat (rattus norvegicus) (rattus norvegicus)",
"rattus norvegicus (rats (rattus norvegicus))",
"norway rat (rattus norvegicus)",
"brown rat (rattus norvegicus)"
] | [
"rats (rattus) (rattus)",
"rat (rattus) (rattus)",
"house rat (rattus rattus)",
"mus rattus (rattus rattus)"
] | Given the context '[31], with subsequent reports localizing transcript for P2Y1, P2Y2, P2Y4, and P2Y6 in the rat RPE/choroid', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rat'? | [
"rats (rattus norvegicus) (rattus norvegicus)",
"rat (rattus norvegicus) (rattus norvegicus)",
"rattus norvegicus (rats (rattus norvegicus))",
"norway rat (rattus norvegicus)",
"brown rat (rattus norvegicus)"
] | [
"rats (rattus) (rattus)",
"rat (rattus) (rattus)",
"house rat (rattus rattus)",
"mus rattus (rattus rattus)"
] | Given the context '[40], and functionally identifying a P2X receptor in rat RPE cells [41].', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'bovine'? | [
"bovine (bos taurus)",
"cow (bos taurus) (bos taurus)",
"bos bovis (bos taurus)",
"domestic cattle (bos taurus)",
"domestic cow (bos taurus)"
] | [
"cattle (bos)",
"bos (cattle)",
"bovidae",
"bos taurus indicus (bos indicus)"
] | Given the context 'The P2Y2 receptor has been specifically localized to the apical membrane of fresh bovine RPE cells, and addition of ATP to this membrane transiently elevates Ca2+, activates a basolateral Cl- conductance, inhibits an apical K+ conductance, and increases the apical to basolateral flow of fluid [43].', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rats'? | [
"rats (rattus norvegicus) (rattus norvegicus)",
"rattus norvegicus (rats (rattus norvegicus))",
"rat (rattus norvegicus) (rattus norvegicus)",
"norway rat (rattus norvegicus)",
"brown rat (rattus norvegicus)"
] | [
"rats (rattus) (rattus)",
"rat (rattus) (rattus)",
"house rat (rattus rattus)",
"rattus (rats (rattus))"
] | Given the context 'ATP, UTP, and the P2Y2 receptor agonist INS37217 decrease the size of subretinal fluid blebs when injected into subretinal space of rats [44].', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'mice'? | [
"mouse (mus musculus)",
"mus musculus (house mouse)",
"house mouse (mus musculus)"
] | [
"mice (mus <genus>) (mus <genus>)",
"mouse (mus <genus>)",
"mus <genus> (mice (mus <genus>))",
"mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse)"
] | Given the context 'In both normal and rds +/- mice with experimentally induced detachment, INS31217 improves the ERG recovery and decreased cell death [45].', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'rabbits'? | [
"rabbit (oryctolagus cuniculus)",
"rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus)",
"european rabbit (oryctolagus cuniculus)",
"domestic rabbit (oryctolagus cuniculus)",
"japanese white rabbit (oryctolagus cuniculus)"
] | [
"rabbits and hares (leporidae)",
"lepus cuniculus cuniculus (oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus)",
"oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus (lepus cuniculus cuniculus)",
"swamp rabbit (sylvilagus aquaticus)"
] | Given the context 'INS37217 also reduces subretinal blebs in rabbits [46].', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'bovine'? | [
"bovine (bos taurus)",
"cow (bos taurus) (bos taurus)",
"bos bovis (bos taurus)",
"domestic cattle (bos taurus)",
"domestic cow (bos taurus)"
] | [
"cattle (bos)",
"bos (cattle)",
"bovidae",
"bos taurus indicus (bos indicus)"
] | Given the context 'NMDA also triggers a release of ATP when applied to the intact bovine RPE eyecup [51].', answer the user's query. |
What is the biomedical concept corresponding to 'bovine'? | [
"bovine (bos taurus)",
"cow (bos taurus) (bos taurus)",
"bos bovis (bos taurus)",
"domestic cattle (bos taurus)",
"domestic cow (bos taurus)"
] | [
"cattle (bos)",
"bos (cattle)",
"bovidae",
"bos taurus indicus (bos indicus)"
] | Given the context 'The NMDA receptors and the ATP release sites have been functionally identified to the apical membrane of the bovine RPE, suggesting the neurotransmitter interactions could amplify the signal from any glutamate reaching subretinal space.
', answer the user's query. |
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