instruction stringlengths 145 921 | input stringlengths 76 601 | response stringclasses 6 values |
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<Instruct>: Given the context 'This study compared the walking behavior of adult Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) Chrysomelidae), plum curculio (Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst) Curculionidae), and western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (LeConte) Chrysomelidae) with and without vertical and or trailing tags in field plots or arenas.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'leptinotarsa decemlineata (say)'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: leptinotarsa dahlbomi
B: leptinotarsa decimlineata (aka leptinotarsa decemlineata)
C: leptinotarsa peninsularis
D: fall armyworm (aka spodoptera frugiperda)
E: polyphylla decemlineata (melolontha decemlineata) (aka polyphylla decemlineata)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This study compared the walking behavior of adult Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) Chrysomelidae), plum curculio (Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst) Curculionidae), and western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (LeConte) Chrysomelidae) with and without vertical and or trailing tags in field plots or arenas.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'plum curculio'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: pinelema curcici
B: curculio
C: plum curculio (aka conotrachelus nenuphar)
D: curculio clavus (aka leptopius clavus)
E: opopaea plumula
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This study compared the walking behavior of adult Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) Chrysomelidae), plum curculio (Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst) Curculionidae), and western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (LeConte) Chrysomelidae) with and without vertical and or trailing tags in field plots or arenas.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'conotrachelus nenuphar (herbst)'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ranunculus neapolitanus
B: conus nimbosus
C: nassella cernua (aka stipa cernua)
D: plum curculio (aka conotrachelus nenuphar)
E: conopsis nasus (conophis nasus) (aka conopsis nasus)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This study compared the walking behavior of adult Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) Chrysomelidae), plum curculio (Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst) Curculionidae), and western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (LeConte) Chrysomelidae) with and without vertical and or trailing tags in field plots or arenas.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'western corn rootworm'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: northern corn rootworm (aka diabrotica barberi)
B: western corn rootworm (aka diabrotica virgifera virgifera)
C: banana-root nematode (aka radopholus similis)
D: black cutworm moth (aka agrotis ipsilon)
E: southern armyworm (aka spodoptera eridania)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This study compared the walking behavior of adult Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) Chrysomelidae), plum curculio (Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst) Curculionidae), and western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (LeConte) Chrysomelidae) with and without vertical and or trailing tags in field plots or arenas.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'diabrotica virgifera virgifera (leconte)'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: odontitella virgata (euphrasia virgata) (aka odontitella virgata)
B: diabrotica virgifera
C: diabrotica virgifera zeae (mexican corn rootworm) (aka diabrotica virgifera zeae)
D: chara virgata
E: rhamnus virgata
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The frequency of the larger Colorado potato beetles crossing bare ground or grassy plots was unaffected by the presence of an 8 cm trailing harmonic radar tag.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'colorado potato beetles'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: colorado dwarf frog (aka engystomops coloradorum)
B: southern armyworm (aka spodoptera eridania)
C: western bean cutworm (aka scirpophaga innotata)
D: colorado potato beetle (aka leptinotarsa decemlineata)
E: botryllus sexiens
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The frequency of the larger Colorado potato beetles crossing bare ground or grassy plots was unaffected by the presence of an 8 cm trailing harmonic radar tag.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'colorado potato beetles'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: sweet potato whitefly (aka bemisia tabaci)
B: green june beetle (aka cotinis nitida)
C: american black flour beetle (aka tribolium audax)
D: western corn rootworm (aka diabrotica virgifera virgifera)
E: northern corn rootworm (aka diabrotica barberi)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'However, plum curculios and western corn rootworms, were either unable to walk with a 4 cm trailing tag (plum curculio) or displayed a reduced ability to successfully cross a bare ground arena.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'plum curculios'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: curcuma phaeocaulis
B: plum curculio (aka conotrachelus nenuphar)
C: curculio
D: ploceus luteola (aka ploceus luteolus)
E: campulosus plumosus (aka ctenium plumosum)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'However, plum curculios and western corn rootworms, were either unable to walk with a 4 cm trailing tag (plum curculio) or displayed a reduced ability to successfully cross a bare ground arena.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'western corn rootworms'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: diabrotica virgifera zeae (mexican corn rootworm) (aka diabrotica virgifera zeae)
B: greasy cutworm moth (aka agrotis ipsilon)
C: corn cyst nematode (aka heterodera zeae)
D: wheat-head armyworm (aka faronta diffusa)
E: western corn rootworm (aka diabrotica virgifera virgifera)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'However, plum curculios and western corn rootworms, were either unable to walk with a 4 cm trailing tag (plum curculio) or displayed a reduced ability to successfully cross a bare ground arena.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'plum curculio'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: plum curculio (aka conotrachelus nenuphar)
B: polynesian-plum (aka spondias dulcis)
C: carduncellus plumosus (carthamus plumosus) (aka carduncellus plumosus)
D: mexican plum (aka prunus mexicana)
E: coriaria plumosa
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Trailing tags had a significant negative effect on the vertical movement of the western corn rootworm.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'western corn rootworm'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: banana-root nematode (aka radopholus similis)
B: southern armyworm (aka spodoptera eridania)
C: wheat-head armyworm (aka faronta diffusa)
D: african cotton leafworm (aka spodoptera littoralis)
E: cotton bollworm (aka helicoverpa armigera)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Molecular characterization of three genes encoding aminopeptidases N in the poplar leaf beetle Chrysomela tremulae.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'poplar leaf beetle'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: poplar petiole gall aphid (aka pemphigus populitransversus)
B: cottonwood leaf beetle (aka chrysomela scripta)
C: mustard leaf beetle (aka phaedon cochleariae)
D: spruce beetle (aka dendroctonus rufipennis)
E: phyllopertha horticola
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Molecular characterization of three genes encoding aminopeptidases N in the poplar leaf beetle Chrysomela tremulae.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'chrysomela tremulae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: chrysomela tremula (chrysomela tremulae) (aka chrysomela tremula)
B: cecidomyia tremulae (aka harmandiola tremulae)
C: coleophora tremula (casignetella tremula) (aka coleophora tremula)
D: mezira tremulae (aradus tremulae) (aka mezira tremulae)
E: exophiala tremulae
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Three genes encoding proteins showing sequence similarity and features typical of insect APNs were characterized in C. tremulae and designed as CtAPN1, CtAPN2 and CtAPN3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. tremulae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: caliroa tremulae
B: glischrochilus tremulae
C: tremulina tremula (restio tremulus) (aka tremulina tremula)
D: chrysomela tremulae (aka chrysomela tremula)
E: cricula tremula
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Expression analysis of the three C. tremulae APN genes showed that CtAPN2 transcript is more abundant in the fat body, whereas both CtAPN1 and CtAPN3 are specifically expressed in the midgut.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. tremulae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: caliroa tremulae
B: chrysomela tremulae (aka chrysomela tremula)
C: schefflera tremula (aka frodinia tremula)
D: dorytomus tremulae
E: chaitophorus tremulae
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Sequence and expression comparisons of CtAPN1, CtAPN2 and CtAPN3 cDNAs in a C. tremulae Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)-susceptible and in a Bt-resistant strain did not show any polymorphism at the amino acid level or difference at the transcription level.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. tremulae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cricula tremula
B: exophiala tremulae
C: chrysomela tremula (chrysomela tremulae) (aka chrysomela tremula)
D: caliroa tremulae
E: glischrochilus tremulae
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Sequence and expression comparisons of CtAPN1, CtAPN2 and CtAPN3 cDNAs in a C. tremulae Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)-susceptible and in a Bt-resistant strain did not show any polymorphism at the amino acid level or difference at the transcription level.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bacillus thuringiensis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bacillus thuringiensis bt18679
B: bacillus thuringiensis bt407
C: bacillus aerophilus
D: bacillus mobilis
E: bacillus thuringiensis berliner 1915 (approved lists 1980) (aka bacillus thuringiensis)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Sequence and expression comparisons of CtAPN1, CtAPN2 and CtAPN3 cDNAs in a C. tremulae Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)-susceptible and in a Bt-resistant strain did not show any polymorphism at the amino acid level or difference at the transcription level.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bacillus thuringiensis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bacillus thuringiensis thompsoni (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar thompsoni)
B: bacillus thuringiensis lm1212
C: bacillus thuringiensis bt407
D: bacillus thuringiensis aks-7
E: bacillus thuringiensis thuringiensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar thuringiensis)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Sequence and expression comparisons of CtAPN1, CtAPN2 and CtAPN3 cDNAs in a C. tremulae Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)-susceptible and in a Bt-resistant strain did not show any polymorphism at the amino acid level or difference at the transcription level.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bt'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: buchnera aphidicola (brachycaudus ballotae)
B: bombus transversalis
C: bovine (aka bos taurus)
D: bos bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis)
E: bemban (aka donax grandis)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Sequence and expression comparisons of CtAPN1, CtAPN2 and CtAPN3 cDNAs in a C. tremulae Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)-susceptible and in a Bt-resistant strain did not show any polymorphism at the amino acid level or difference at the transcription level.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bt'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bos bubalis bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis bubalis)
B: taurulus bubalis (cottus bubalis) (aka taurulus bubalis)
C: bombyx
D: cattle (aka bos)
E: bemban (aka donax grandis)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Dispersion Models and Sampling of Cacao Mirid Bug Sahlbergella singularis (Hemiptera: Miridae) on Theobroma Cacao in Southern Cameroon.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'theobroma cacao'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: conus cacao
B: theobroma speciosum
C: chocolate (aka theobroma cacao)
D: theobroma
E: theobroma sylvestre
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The spatio-temporal distribution of Sahlbergella singularis Haglung, a major pest of cacao trees (Theobroma cacao) (Malvaceae), was studied for 2 yr in traditional cacao forest gardens in the humid forest area of southern Cameroon.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cacao'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: passiflora cacao
B: muricea cacao
C: cocoa (aka theobroma cacao)
D: cacaoporus
E: cacaos virus
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The spatio-temporal distribution of Sahlbergella singularis Haglung, a major pest of cacao trees (Theobroma cacao) (Malvaceae), was studied for 2 yr in traditional cacao forest gardens in the humid forest area of southern Cameroon.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'theobroma cacao'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: theobroma speciosum
B: amorbia cacao
C: cacaoporus
D: theoborus theobromae
E: theobroma cacao (chocolate) (aka theobroma cacao)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The spatio-temporal distribution of Sahlbergella singularis Haglung, a major pest of cacao trees (Theobroma cacao) (Malvaceae), was studied for 2 yr in traditional cacao forest gardens in the humid forest area of southern Cameroon.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cacao'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: paratylenchus cacao
B: passiflora cacao
C: chocolate (aka theobroma cacao)
D: cacao virus
E: conus cacao
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The first objective was to analyze the dispersion of this insect on cacao trees.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cacao'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cacaoporus mexicanus
B: paratylenchus cacao
C: theobroma cacao (chocolate) (aka theobroma cacao)
D: candolleomyces cacao
E: cocos
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This is the first study on S. singularis dispersion in cacao plantations.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cacao'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cocos
B: cocoa (aka theobroma cacao)
C: candolleomyces cacao
D: cacicus
E: muricea cacao
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Sampling plans, presented here, should be a tool for research on population dynamics and pest management decisions of mirid bugs on cacao.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cacao'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: passiflora cacao
B: theobroma cacao (chocolate) (aka theobroma cacao)
C: paratylenchus cacao
D: nemacheilus cacao
E: amorbia cacao
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The Rcs signal transduction pathway is triggered by enterobacterial common antigen structure alterations in Serratia marcescens.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'serratia marcescens'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: serratia marcescens (serratia marcescens subsp. marcescens) (aka serratia marcescens)
B: alsophila marcescens (cyathea marcescens) (aka alsophila marcescens)
C: serratia odorifera
D: serratia marcescens ww4
E: serratia marcescens bidmc 81
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The Rcs signal transduction pathway is triggered by enterobacterial common antigen structure alterations in Serratia marcescens.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'serratia marcescens'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: serratia marcescens w2.3
B: alsophila marcescens (cyathea marcescens) (aka alsophila marcescens)
C: serratia entomophila
D: serratia odorifera
E: serratia marcescens ph1a
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In a previous work, we have demonstrated that disrupting the integrity of the ECA biosynthetic pathway imposed severe deficiencies to the Serratia marcescens motile (swimming and swarming) capacity.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'serratia marcescens'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: serratia marcescens (serratia marcescens subsp. marcescens) (aka serratia marcescens)
B: serratia microhaemolytica
C: serratia inhibens
D: serratia silvae
E: serratia profundus ('serratia profundus') (aka serratia profundus)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We also identify SMA1167 as a member of the S. marcescens Rcs regulon and show that high osmolarity induces Rcs activity in this bacterium.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 's. marcescens'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: serratia aquatilis
B: bacillus marcescens (aka serratia marcescens)
C: serratia liquefaciens (aerobacter liquefaciens) (aka serratia liquefaciens)
D: serratia marcescens ww4
E: serratia marcescens mc6001
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Functional characterization of Arabidopsis thaliana isopropylmalate dehydrogenases reveals their important roles in gametophyte development.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'arabidopsis thaliana'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: plantago africana
B: arabis thaliana (aka arabidopsis thaliana)
C: arabidopsis thaliana x arabidopsis lyrata
D: plantago triantha
E: plantago afra (african plantain) (aka plantago afra)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The Arabidopsis thaliana genome contains three putative IPMDH genes.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'arabidopsis thaliana'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: arabidopsis (cardaminopsis) (aka arabidopsis)
B: arabidopsis thaliana (mouse-ear cress) (aka arabidopsis thaliana)
C: plantago africana
D: agrotis atrux (scotia atrux) (aka agrotis atrux)
E: arabidella
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Demographic consequences of adult sex ratio in a reintroduced hihi population.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'hihi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: hidari
B: hizikia
C: hiona
D: hiya
E: hinatara
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context '3. Using a 12-year longitudinal data set of a free-living and endangered New Zealand passerine, the hihi (Notiomystis cincta), we show that a changing adult sex ratio has little or no effect on adult female survival or the number of fledglings produced per female.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'hihi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: helicozoster indicus
B: hiya
C: hidari
D: high island virus
E: hinatara
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context '3. Using a 12-year longitudinal data set of a free-living and endangered New Zealand passerine, the hihi (Notiomystis cincta), we show that a changing adult sex ratio has little or no effect on adult female survival or the number of fledglings produced per female.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'notiomystis cincta'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ascocyrtus cinctus (aka lepidocyrtus cinctus)
B: illeis cincta
C: cytospora cincta
D: crenicichla cincta
E: notiomystis cincta (meliphaga cincta) (aka notiomystis cincta)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'They show amino acid sequence conservation from mosquitoes to humans, and their transcripts are highly enriched in Aedes aegypti during arbovirus infection.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'humans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: pediculus humanus humanus (aka pediculus humanus corporis)
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: neandertal (aka homo sapiens neanderthalensis)
D: gymnopleurus humanus
E: macrobiotus sapiens
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'They show amino acid sequence conservation from mosquitoes to humans, and their transcripts are highly enriched in Aedes aegypti during arbovirus infection.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aedes aegypti'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aedes aegypti (aedes (stegomyia) aegypti) (aka aedes aegypti)
B: aedes rossicus
C: aedes aegypti aegypti (aedes aegypti queenslandensis) (aka aedes aegypti aegypti)
D: culex niveus (aka aedes niveus)
E: culex atropalpus (aka aedes atropalpus)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Transient gene silencing of SV2 or UNC93A in mosquitoes infected with the recombinant alphavirus Sindbis MRE16-enhanced green fluorescent protein (SINV; family Togaviridae) resulted in the accumulation of viral positive- and negative-strand RNA, congregation of virus envelope antigen in intracellular networks, and reduced virus dissemination outside of the midgut.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'sindbis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: sina virus
B: sindbis virus
C: sinapis aucheri (aka brassica aucheri)
D: sincybaeus
E: sindbis-like virus yn87448
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Transient gene silencing of SV2 or UNC93A in mosquitoes infected with the recombinant alphavirus Sindbis MRE16-enhanced green fluorescent protein (SINV; family Togaviridae) resulted in the accumulation of viral positive- and negative-strand RNA, congregation of virus envelope antigen in intracellular networks, and reduced virus dissemination outside of the midgut.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'sindbis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: sinapis
B: sinia
C: iais
D: sina virus
E: ensis
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Transient gene silencing of SV2 or UNC93A in mosquitoes infected with the recombinant alphavirus Sindbis MRE16-enhanced green fluorescent protein (SINV; family Togaviridae) resulted in the accumulation of viral positive- and negative-strand RNA, congregation of virus envelope antigen in intracellular networks, and reduced virus dissemination outside of the midgut.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'sinv'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: infectious hemorrhagic syndrome virus
B: sindbis virus
C: sabo virus
D: stinn virus
E: shaan virus
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Pyrethroid resistance in Sitophilus zeamais is associated with a mutation (T929I) in the voltage-gated sodium channel.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'sitophilus zeamais'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: tylenchus zeae
B: corn earworm (aka helicoverpa zea)
C: bactrocera platama (aka zeugodacus platamus)
D: sitophilus zeamais (sitophilus oryzae zeamais) (aka sitophilus zeamais)
E: molophilus corniger
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais, is the most important pest affecting stored grain in Brazil and its control relies heavily on the use of insecticides.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'maize weevil'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: greenhouse whitefly (aka trialeurodes vaporariorum)
B: sitophilus oryzae (rice weevil) (aka sitophilus oryzae)
C: small banana weevil (aka polytus mellerborgi)
D: maize weevil (aka sitophilus zeamais)
E: pea weevil (aka bruchus pisorum)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais, is the most important pest affecting stored grain in Brazil and its control relies heavily on the use of insecticides.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'sitophilus zeamais'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: agromyces terreus
B: helicoceras oryzae
C: helophilus hybridus
D: heterodera zeae (corn cyst nematode) (aka heterodera zeae)
E: sitophilus oryzae zeamais (aka sitophilus zeamais)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To identify the molecular mechanisms underlying pyrethroid resistance in S. zeamais, the domain II region of the voltage-gated sodium channel (para-orthologue) gene was amplified by PCR and sequenced from susceptible and resistant laboratory S. zeamais strains that were selected with a discriminating dose of DDT.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 's. zeamais'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: zeisig (aka spinus spinus)
B: spermophora ziama
C: sitophilus zeamais (sitophilus oryzae zeamais) (aka sitophilus zeamais)
D: corn smut (aka mycosarcoma maydis)
E: spermospora zeae
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To identify the molecular mechanisms underlying pyrethroid resistance in S. zeamais, the domain II region of the voltage-gated sodium channel (para-orthologue) gene was amplified by PCR and sequenced from susceptible and resistant laboratory S. zeamais strains that were selected with a discriminating dose of DDT.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 's. zeamais'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: spermophora ziama
B: sitophilus zeamais (sitophilus oryzae zeamais) (aka sitophilus zeamais)
C: sauropus rimophilus (aka synostemon rimophilus)
D: cornigamasus lunaris (gamasus lunaris) (aka cornigamasus lunaris)
E: saitis mutans
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A single point mutation, T929I, was found in the para gene of the resistant S. zeamais populations and its presence in individual weevils was strongly associated with survival after DDT exposure.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 's. zeamais'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: agrococcus sediminis
B: agromyces succinolyticus ('agromyces succinolyticus') (aka agromyces succinolyticus)
C: maize weevil (aka sitophilus zeamais)
D: zeuxis succinctus (aka nassarius succinctus)
E: scada zemira (ithomia zemira) (aka scada zemira)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This is the first identification of a target-site resistance mutation in S. zeamais and unusually it is a super-kdr type mutation occurring in the absence of the more common kdr (L1014F) substitution.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 's. zeamais'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: sitophilus oryzae zeamais (aka sitophilus zeamais)
B: sauromalus australis
C: agrococcus sediminis
D: spermospora zeae
E: spodoptera sunia (aka spodoptera albula)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A high-throughput assay based on TaqMan single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping was developed for sensitive detection of the mutation and used to screen field-collected strains of S. zeamais.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 's. zeamais'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: spermophora ziama
B: scada zemira (ithomia zemira) (aka scada zemira)
C: sauromalus australis
D: sitophilus zeamais (sitophilus oryzae zeamais) (aka sitophilus zeamais)
E: cornigamasus
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Functional analysis of the fungal/plant class chitinase family in Aspergillus fumigatus.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aspergillus fumigatus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aspergillus aerius
B: aspergillus terreus (aspergillus terrestris) (aka aspergillus terreus)
C: aspergillus nidulellus (aka aspergillus nidulans)
D: aspergillus terricola
E: neosartorya fumigata (aka aspergillus fumigatus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Functional analysis of the fungal/plant class chitinase family in Aspergillus fumigatus.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aspergillus fumigatus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aspergillus terricola
B: aspergillus rubrum (aka aspergillus ruber)
C: aspergillus aerius
D: aspergillus terrestris (aka aspergillus terreus)
E: aspergillus cerealis
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A quintuple mutant was constructed to delete the entire family of the fungal/plant (class III) chitinases of Aspergillus fumigatus.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aspergillus fumigatus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aspergillus aureus
B: neosartorya fumigata (aka aspergillus fumigatus)
C: aspergillus nidulans (aspergillus nidulans (eidam) g. winter, 1884) (aka aspergillus nidulans)
D: aspergillus rubrum (aka aspergillus ruber)
E: aspergillus terrestris (aka aspergillus terreus)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This result demonstrated that the fungal/plant chitinases do not have an essential role in the morphogenesis of A. fumigatus.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. fumigatus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aspergillus rubrum (aka aspergillus ruber)
B: aspergillus aureus
C: aspergillus fumigatus (aspergillus fumigatus var. ellipticus) (aka aspergillus fumigatus)
D: aspergillus asperus (aka aspergillus asper)
E: aspergillus oryzae (aspergillus oryzae (ahlb.) cohn, 1884) (aka aspergillus oryzae)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Developmental plasticity of immune defence in two life-history ecotypes of the garter snake, Thamnophis elegans - a common-environment experiment.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'garter snake'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: freshwater garfish (aka xenentodon cancila)
B: garra quadratirostris
C: garra paralissorhynchus
D: pacific garter snake (aka thamnophis validus)
E: western terrestrial garter snake (aka thamnophis elegans)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Developmental plasticity of immune defence in two life-history ecotypes of the garter snake, Thamnophis elegans - a common-environment experiment.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'thamnophis elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: holbrookia elegans
B: ainsliaea elegans
C: clanoptilus elegans
D: melaphorus elegans
E: western terrestrial garter snake (aka thamnophis elegans)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Replicate populations of two life-history ecotypes of the garter snake Thamnophis elegans provide an ideal system in which to test this assumption.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'garter snake'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: western terrestrial garter snake (aka thamnophis elegans)
B: pacific garter snake (aka thamnophis validus)
C: garra tana
D: garrulus
E: garra paralissorhynchus
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Replicate populations of two life-history ecotypes of the garter snake Thamnophis elegans provide an ideal system in which to test this assumption.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'thamnophis elegans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ainsliaea elegans
B: eutainia elegans (aka thamnophis elegans)
C: thamnophis elegans terrestris
D: melaphorus elegans
E: chrysolampus elegans
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'UreA, the major urea/H+ symporter in Aspergillus nidulans.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aspergillus nidulans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aspergillus nidulellus (aka aspergillus nidulans)
B: aspergillus cerealis
C: aphanothece nidulans
D: aspergillus tritici (aka aspergillus neotritici)
E: nassella nidulans
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We report here the characterization of UreA, a high-affinity urea/H+ symporter of Aspergillus nidulans.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aspergillus nidulans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aspergillus agricola
B: eurotium oryzae (aka aspergillus oryzae)
C: aphanothece nidulans
D: aspergillus domesticus
E: aspergillus nidulellus (aka aspergillus nidulans)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The deletion of the encoding gene abolishes urea transport at low substrate concentrations, suggesting that in these conditions UreA is the sole transport system specific for urea in A. nidulans.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. nidulans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aphanothece nidulans
B: aspergillus nidulellus (aka aspergillus nidulans)
C: aspergillus agricola
D: aspergillus avenaceus
E: aspergillus oryzae (ahlb.) cohn, 1884 (aka aspergillus oryzae)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In contrast to what was observed for other transporters in A. nidulans, repression by ammonium is also operative during the isotropic growth phase.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. nidulans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aspergillus nidulans var. nidulans (emericella nidulans var. nidulans) (aka aspergillus nidulans var. nidulans)
B: aspergillus avenaceus
C: emericella nidulans (aka aspergillus nidulans)
D: aspergillus neoellipticus (aka aspergillus fumigatus)
E: aspergillus domesticus
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In contrast to what was observed for other transporters in A. nidulans, repression by ammonium is also operative during the isotropic growth phase.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. nidulans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aspergillus avenaceus
B: aspergillus nidulans var. nidulans (emericella nidulans var. nidulans) (aka aspergillus nidulans var. nidulans)
C: aspergillus agricola
D: aspergillus tritici (aka aspergillus neotritici)
E: aspergillus domesticus
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A number of homologues of UreA have been identified in A. nidulans and other Aspergilli, which cluster in four groups, two of which contain the urea transporters characterized so far in fungi and plants.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. nidulans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aspergillus neotritici (aspergillus tritici) (aka aspergillus neotritici)
B: aspergillus domesticus
C: aspergillus aureolus (neosartorya aureola) (aka aspergillus aureolus)
D: aspergillus nidulellus (aka aspergillus nidulans)
E: nassella nidulans
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Cleavage of resveratrol in fungi: characterization of the enzyme Rco1 from Ustilago maydis.
Ustilago maydis, the causative agent of corn smut disease, contains two genes encoding members of the carotenoid cleavage oxygenase family, a group of enzymes that cleave double bonds in different substrates.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'ustilago maydis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: corn smut (aka mycosarcoma maydis)
B: ustilago levis
C: ustilago bromina
D: ustilago oxalidis (aka thecaphora oxalidis)
E: ustilago phragmitis
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Cleavage of resveratrol in fungi: characterization of the enzyme Rco1 from Ustilago maydis.
Ustilago maydis, the causative agent of corn smut disease, contains two genes encoding members of the carotenoid cleavage oxygenase family, a group of enzymes that cleave double bonds in different substrates.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'ustilago maydis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: corn smut (aka mycosarcoma maydis)
B: ustilago
C: ustilago oxalidis (aka thecaphora oxalidis)
D: ustilago bromina
E: ustilago levis
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Cleavage of resveratrol in fungi: characterization of the enzyme Rco1 from Ustilago maydis.
Ustilago maydis, the causative agent of corn smut disease, contains two genes encoding members of the carotenoid cleavage oxygenase family, a group of enzymes that cleave double bonds in different substrates.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'corn smut'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mithrax cornutus (aka nemausa cornuta)
B: ustilago levis
C: ustilago esculenta
D: ustilago vinosa
E: mycosarcoma maydis (ustilago maydis) (aka mycosarcoma maydis)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Here we elucidate the function of the protein encoded by the second gene, termed here as Ustilago maydis Resveratrol cleavage oxygenase 1 (Um Rco1).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'ustilago maydis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ustilago bromina
B: ustilago phragmitis
C: ustilago esculenta
D: ustilago porosa
E: uredo maydis (aka mycosarcoma maydis)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The activity of Um Rco1 was confirmed by incubation of U. maydis rco1 deletion and over-expression strains with resveratrol.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'u. maydis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: corn smut (aka mycosarcoma maydis)
B: ustilago striiformis
C: ustilago avenae (ustilago aegilopsidis) (aka ustilago avenae)
D: ustilago maydis virus 1
E: ustilago phragmitis
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Moreover, Um Rco1 represents a subfamily of fungal enzymes likely involved in the degradation of stilbene compounds, as suggested by the cleavage of resveratrol by homologs from Aspergillus fumigatus, Chaetomium globosum and Botryotinia fuckeliana.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aspergillus fumigatus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aspergillus rubrum (aka aspergillus ruber)
B: aspergillus aureus
C: aspergillus nidulans (eidam) g. winter, 1884 (aka aspergillus nidulans)
D: aspergillus terricola
E: neosartorya fumigata (aka aspergillus fumigatus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Moreover, Um Rco1 represents a subfamily of fungal enzymes likely involved in the degradation of stilbene compounds, as suggested by the cleavage of resveratrol by homologs from Aspergillus fumigatus, Chaetomium globosum and Botryotinia fuckeliana.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'chaetomium globosum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: leptographium globosum
B: gnetum globosum
C: chaetomium globosum (chaetomium rectum) (aka chaetomium globosum)
D: rhexothecium globosum
E: chytridium globosum (aka rhizophydium globosum)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Moreover, Um Rco1 represents a subfamily of fungal enzymes likely involved in the degradation of stilbene compounds, as suggested by the cleavage of resveratrol by homologs from Aspergillus fumigatus, Chaetomium globosum and Botryotinia fuckeliana.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'botryotinia fuckeliana'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: botrydiopsis callosa
B: neonectria fuckeliana (aka corinectria fuckeliana)
C: botrytis globosa (aka botryotinia globosa)
D: botryotinia squamosa (aka botrytis squamosa)
E: botrytis cinerea (botryotinia fuckeliana) (aka botrytis cinerea)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Linking disease and community ecology through behavioural indicators: immunochallenge of white-footed mice and its ecological impacts.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'white-footed mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: peromyscus leucopus (white-footed mouse) (aka peromyscus leucopus)
B: fawn-colored mouse (aka mus cervicolor)
C: white-bellied melomys (aka melomys leucogaster)
D: white-footed rabbit-rat (aka conilurus albipes)
E: western wild mouse (aka mus spretus)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Linking disease and community ecology through behavioural indicators: immunochallenge of white-footed mice and its ecological impacts.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'white-footed mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: white-footed rabbit-rat (aka conilurus albipes)
B: melomys leucogaster (white-bellied melomys) (aka melomys leucogaster)
C: western wild mouse (aka mus spretus)
D: white-footed climbing mouse (aka rhipidomys leucodactylus)
E: flat-haired mouse (aka mus platythrix)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To explore host behavioural response to immune challenge, we exposed wild white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) to an immunogen from an endemic, zoonotic pathogen, the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'white-footed mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: peromyscus leucopus (white-footed mouse) (aka peromyscus leucopus)
B: ethiopian white-footed mouse (aka stenocephalemys albipes)
C: white-footed climbing mouse (aka rhipidomys leucodactylus)
D: western wild mouse (aka mus spretus)
E: old world field mouse (aka apodemus agrarius)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To explore host behavioural response to immune challenge, we exposed wild white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) to an immunogen from an endemic, zoonotic pathogen, the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'peromyscus leucopus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: white-footed mouse (aka peromyscus leucopus)
B: peromyscus collatus
C: white-ankled mouse (aka peromyscus pectoralis)
D: peromyscus leucopus leucopus
E: peromyscus interparietalis
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To explore host behavioural response to immune challenge, we exposed wild white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) to an immunogen from an endemic, zoonotic pathogen, the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'borrelia burgdorferi'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: borrelia burgdorferi (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
B: borrelia barbouri (aka borrelia lonestari)
C: borrelia americana (aka borreliella americana)
D: borrelia bavariensis (aka borreliella bavariensis)
E: lyme disease borrelia (aka borreliella)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'White-footed mice are a major reservoir host of Lyme disease (LD) spirochetes in northeastern USA and an abundant member of forest communities.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'white-footed mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: peromyscus leucopus (white-footed mouse) (aka peromyscus leucopus)
B: fawn-colored mouse (aka mus cervicolor)
C: white-footed climbing mouse (aka rhipidomys leucodactylus)
D: white-footed rabbit-rat (aka conilurus albipes)
E: faun-footed melomys (aka melomys cervinipes)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The activity patterns, foraging behaviour, and space use of white-footed mice have implications for population growth rates of community members upon which mice incidentally prey (i.e. gypsy moths and native thrushes), as well as potentially determining host-vector encounter rates and human risk of LD.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'white-footed mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: flat-haired mouse (aka mus platythrix)
B: western wild mouse (aka mus spretus)
C: melomys leucogaster (white-bellied melomys) (aka melomys leucogaster)
D: peromyscus leucopus (white-footed mouse) (aka peromyscus leucopus)
E: old world field mouse (aka apodemus agrarius)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The activity patterns, foraging behaviour, and space use of white-footed mice have implications for population growth rates of community members upon which mice incidentally prey (i.e. gypsy moths and native thrushes), as well as potentially determining host-vector encounter rates and human risk of LD.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: pediculus humanus (human louse) (aka pediculus humanus)
B: neandertal man (aka homo sapiens neanderthalensis)
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: homo (humans) (aka homo)
E: cardium humanum (aka glossus humanus)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Thus, immunochallenge in white-footed mice, and potentially pathogenic infection, have the potential to indirectly impact community interactions, including those important for pathogen transmission.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'white-footed mice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: white-footed climbing mouse (aka rhipidomys leucodactylus)
B: flat-haired mouse (aka mus platythrix)
C: white-footed mouse (aka peromyscus leucopus)
D: old world field mouse (aka apodemus agrarius)
E: white-tailed mouse (aka mystromys albicaudatus)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The cell cycle gene MoCDC15 regulates hyphal growth, asexual development and plant infection in the rice blast pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rice blast pathogen'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: phytomyxa (aka rhizobium)
B: rhodococcus oryzae
C: rice blast fungus (aka pyricularia oryzae)
D: pseudomonas oryzae
E: rhodopseudomonas oryzae ('rhodopseudomonas oryzae') (aka rhodopseudomonas oryzae)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The cell cycle gene MoCDC15 regulates hyphal growth, asexual development and plant infection in the rice blast pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'magnaporthe oryzae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: meloidogyne oryzae
B: paraphaeosphaeria oryzae
C: pyricularia oryzae (magnaporthe oryzae b.c. couch, 2002) (aka pyricularia oryzae)
D: pestalotiopsis oryzae
E: magnaporthe rhizophila (aka magnaporthiopsis rhizophila)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Rice blast, caused by the pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae, is a serious hindrance to rice production and has emerged as an important model for the characterization of molecular mechanisms relevant to pathogenic development in plants.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'magnaporthe oryzae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: pestalotiopsis oryzae
B: magnaporthe poae (aka magnaporthiopsis poae)
C: magnaporthiopsis rhizophila (magnaporthe rhizophila) (aka magnaporthiopsis rhizophila)
D: meloidogyne oryzae
E: pyricularia oryzae (magnaporthe oryzae b.c. couch, 2002) (aka pyricularia oryzae)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Rice blast, caused by the pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae, is a serious hindrance to rice production and has emerged as an important model for the characterization of molecular mechanisms relevant to pathogenic development in plants.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'magnaporthe oryzae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: magnaporthe salvinii (aka nakataea oryzae)
B: meloidogyne oryzae
C: paraphaeosphaeria oryzae
D: pestalotiopsis oryzae
E: hannaella oryzae (bullera oryzae) (aka hannaella oryzae)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Rice blast, caused by the pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae, is a serious hindrance to rice production and has emerged as an important model for the characterization of molecular mechanisms relevant to pathogenic development in plants.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ricegrass (aka oryzopsis)
B: indian rice (aka oryza sativa indica group)
C: rice (aka oryza sativa) (aka oryza sativa)
D: australian wild rice (aka oryza meridionalis)
E: oryza
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Similar to other pathogenic fungi, conidiation plays a central role in initiation of M.oryzae infection and spread over a large area.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'm.oryzae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: magnaporthe oryzae (aka pyricularia oryzae)
B: nigrospora oryzae (monotospora oryzae) (aka nigrospora oryzae)
C: meloidogyne oryzae
D: chitinophaga oryzae
E: mycobacterium oryzae (aka mycolicibacterium oryzae)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'However, relatively little is known regarding the molecular mechanisms that underlie conidiation in M. oryzae.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'm. oryzae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: microbispora oryzae
B: methanobacterium oryzae
C: methyloterricola oryzae
D: chitinophaga oryzae
E: magnaporthe oryzae (aka pyricularia oryzae)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To better characterize these mechanisms, we identified a conidiation-defective mutant, ATMT0225B6 (MoCDC15(T-DNA)), in which a T-DNA insertion disrupted a gene that encodes a homolog of fission yeast cdc15, and generated a second strain containing a disruption in the same allele (DeltaMoCDC15(T-DNA)).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'atmt0225b6'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cloning vector pt15_t15_72bp-mkate2
B: eukaryote marine clone ant12-4
C: actinomycete symbiont 2 of acromyrmex octospinosus
D: arta
E: actinomycete symbiont 1 of acromyrmex octospinosus
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To better characterize these mechanisms, we identified a conidiation-defective mutant, ATMT0225B6 (MoCDC15(T-DNA)), in which a T-DNA insertion disrupted a gene that encodes a homolog of fission yeast cdc15, and generated a second strain containing a disruption in the same allele (DeltaMoCDC15(T-DNA)).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mocdc15(t-dna)'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cheoctovirus moonbeam
B: mycobacterium phage docmcstuffins
C: tetrahymena transformation vector pmcodel
D: binary vector pmdc32-dest-myc-turboidc
E: mimopydna
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To better characterize these mechanisms, we identified a conidiation-defective mutant, ATMT0225B6 (MoCDC15(T-DNA)), in which a T-DNA insertion disrupted a gene that encodes a homolog of fission yeast cdc15, and generated a second strain containing a disruption in the same allele (DeltaMoCDC15(T-DNA)).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: saccharomyces lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
B: saccharomyces globosus (aka saccharomyces uvarum)
C: saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
D: saccharomyces marxianus (aka kluyveromyces marxianus)
E: saccharomyces fermentati (aka torulaspora delbrueckii)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The cdc15 gene has been shown to act as a coordinator of the cell cycle in yeast.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: saccharomyces marxianus (aka kluyveromyces marxianus)
B: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
C: baker's yeast (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
D: saccharomyces arboricola (saccharomyces arboricola f.y. bai & s.a. wang, 2008) (aka saccharomyces arboricola)
E: torulaspora hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Functional analysis of the MoCDC15(T-DNA) and DeltaMoCDC15(T-DNA) mutants revealed that MoCDC15 is required for conidiation, preinfection development and pathogenicity in M. oryzae.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'm. oryzae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mycobacterium oryzae (aka mycolicibacterium oryzae)
B: magnaporthe oryzae b.c. couch, 2002 (aka pyricularia oryzae)
C: microbispora oryzae
D: methyloterricola oryzae
E: rhizobium oryzae (aka xaviernesmea oryzae)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'All phenotypic defects observed in mutants were rescued in a strain complemented with wild type MoCDC15.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'wild type mocdc15'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mormodes warszewiczii
B: uncultured bacterium 90211com
C: uncultured sheep rumen methanogen clone 60
D: metopus undulans var. ovalis (aka bothrostoma ovale)
E: moloha
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Together, these data indicate that MoCDC15 functions as a coordinator of several biological processes important for pathogenic development in M. oryzae.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'm. oryzae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: methyloterricola oryzae
B: rhizobium oryzae (aka xaviernesmea oryzae)
C: magnaporthe oryzae (aka pyricularia oryzae)
D: methylogaea oryzae
E: microbispora oryzae
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Together, these data indicate that MoCDC15 functions as a coordinator of several biological processes important for pathogenic development in M. oryzae.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'm. oryzae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: methanobacterium oryzae
B: pestalotiopsis oryzae
C: microbispora oryzae
D: rhizobium oryzae (aka xaviernesmea oryzae)
E: methylogaea oryzae
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'GintAMT2, a new member of the ammonium transporter family in the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'glomus intraradices'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: glomus clarum (aka rhizophagus clarus)
B: glottula atronitens
C: glomus intraradices (aka rhizophagus intraradices)
D: glomus
E: glomus iranicum (aka rhizophagus iranicus)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Previously, we identified an NH(4)(+) transporter in the AM fungus Glomus intraradices (GintAMT1) involved in NH(4)(+) uptake from the soil when preset at low concentrations.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'glomus intraradices'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: glomus clarus (aka rhizophagus clarus)
B: glomus custos (aka rhizophagus custos)
C: glomus fulvum (aka redeckera fulvum)
D: rhizophagus intraradices (glomus intraradices) (aka rhizophagus intraradices)
E: glomus invermaium i.r. hall, 1977 (aka rhizophagus invermaius)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Here, we report the isolation and characterization of a new G. intraradicesNH(4)(+) transporter gene (GintAMT2).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'g. intraradicesnh(4)'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rhizophagus intraradices (glomus intraradices) (aka rhizophagus intraradices)
B: cotton leaf roller (aka haritalodes derogata)
C: heterodera graminis
D: hoplodrina ambigua granulovirus
E: heterakis isolonche (ganguleterakis isolonche) (aka heterakis isolonche)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Yeast mutant complementation assays showed that GintAMT2 encodes a functional NH(4)(+) transporter.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
B: baker's yeast (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
C: saccharomyces ovalis (aka malassezia furfur)
D: saccharomyces globosus (aka saccharomyces uvarum)
E: torulaspora lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The structure-function relationship of the Aspergillus fumigatuscyp51A L98H conversion by site-directed mutagenesis: the mechanism of L98H azole resistance.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aspergillus fumigatuscyp51a'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aspergillus fumigatus af210
B: aspergillus fumigatus var. albus
C: aspergillus fumigatus fresen., 1863 (aka aspergillus fumigatus)
D: aspergillus aureus
E: aspergillus porosus
F: None of the above. | C |
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