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<Instruct>: Given the context 'Structural and hydraulic correlates of heterophylly in Ginkgo biloba.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'ginkgo biloba'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ginkgo biloba tombusvirus
B: coelosis biloba
C: psychotria biloba
D: ginkgo biloba f. epiphylla (aka ginkgo biloba)
E: leuctra biloba
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This study investigates the functional significance of heterophylly in Ginkgo biloba, where leaves borne on short shoots are ontogenetically distinct from those on long shoots.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'ginkgo biloba'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ginkgoales
B: veronica biloba
C: ginkgo biloba tombusvirus
D: ginkgo
E: maidenhair tree (aka ginkgo biloba)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We propose that structural differences between the two G. biloba leaf types reflect greater hydraulic limitation of long-shoot leaves during expansion.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'g. biloba'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ginkgo biloba (ginkgo biloba var. epiphylla) (aka ginkgo biloba)
B: veronica biloba
C: ginkgo
D: fraus biloba
E: plusia biloba (aka megalographa biloba)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Phylogeny and historical biogeography of true morels (Morchella) reveals an early Cretaceous origin and high continental endemism and provincialism in the Holarctic.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'morels'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: tallowtree (aka morella pensylvanica)
B: hippeastrum morelianum
C: moresa
D: yellow morel (aka morchella esculenta)
E: woodchip morel (aka morchella rufobrunnea)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'True morels (Morchella, Ascomycota) are arguably the most highly-prized of the estimated 1.5 million fungi that inhabit our planet.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'morels'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: trigonopterus moreaorum
B: yellow morel (aka morchella esculenta)
C: woodchip morel (aka morchella rufobrunnea)
D: moresa
E: morellia hortorum
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Phylogenetic analyses identified three lineages within Morchella: a basal monotypic lineage represented by Morchella rufobrunnea, and two sister clades comprising the black morels (Elata Clade, 26 species) and yellow morels (Esculenta Clade, 16 species).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'morchella rufobrunnea'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: tylopilus rufobrunneus
B: aglantha rufobrunnea (aka crossota rufobrunnea)
C: gonometa rufobrunnea
D: morchella fluvialis
E: blushing morel (aka morchella rufobrunnea)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Phylogenetic analyses identified three lineages within Morchella: a basal monotypic lineage represented by Morchella rufobrunnea, and two sister clades comprising the black morels (Elata Clade, 26 species) and yellow morels (Esculenta Clade, 16 species).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'black morels'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: morellia hortorum
B: morelia senegalensis
C: andiperla morenensis
D: morella integra
E: lotus glaucus
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Phylogenetic analyses identified three lineages within Morchella: a basal monotypic lineage represented by Morchella rufobrunnea, and two sister clades comprising the black morels (Elata Clade, 26 species) and yellow morels (Esculenta Clade, 16 species).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'yellow morels'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: trigonopterus moreaorum
B: morella integra
C: morellia hortorum
D: aurinia moreana
E: yellow morel (aka morchella esculenta)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Morels also appear to have retained the ancestral fruit body plan, which has remained remarkably static since the Cretaceous.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'morels'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: morellia simplex
B: morella
C: woodchip morel (aka morchella rufobrunnea)
D: yellow morel (aka morchella esculenta)
E: moreae
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The genus Angomonas comprised 10 flagellates including former Crithidia deanei and C. desouzai plus a new species.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'crithidia deanei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: criodion murinum
B: crithidia confusa (crithidia sp. vy-2011b) (aka crithidia confusa)
C: crithidia flexonema
D: tympanogaster deanei
E: crithidia deanei (aka angomonas deanei)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The genus Angomonas comprised 10 flagellates including former Crithidia deanei and C. desouzai plus a new species.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'crithidia deanei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: tympanogaster deanei
B: crithidia expoeki
C: criodion murinum
D: crithidia versiformis
E: crithidia bombi
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The genus Angomonas comprised 10 flagellates including former Crithidia deanei and C. desouzai plus a new species.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. desouzai'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: chamaecrista desvauxii
B: cassidaria deshayesii (aka fusimorio deshayesii)
C: candida utilis (aka cyberlindnera jadinii)
D: cixidia confinis (cicada confinis) (aka cixidia confinis)
E: angomonas desouzai (crithidia desouzai) (aka angomonas desouzai)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The genus Strigomonas included former Crithidia oncopelti and Blastocrithidia culicis plus a new species.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'crithidia oncopelti'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: crithidia guilhermei
B: herpetomonas oncopelti (aka strigomonas oncopelti)
C: crithidia luciliae
D: cricula agria
E: crithidia bombi
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The genus Strigomonas included former Crithidia oncopelti and Blastocrithidia culicis plus a new species.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'blastocrithidia culicis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cephalonomia gallicola
B: strigomonas culicis (blastocrithidia culicis) (aka strigomonas culicis)
C: vavraia culicis
D: entomophthora culicis (empusa culicis) (aka entomophthora culicis)
E: allospironema culicis (aka entomospira culicis)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Detection and quantitation of infectious human adenoviruses and JC polyomaviruses in water by immunofluorescence assay.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human adenoviruses'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: human adenovirus type 7 (aka human adenovirus 7)
B: unidentified adenovirus (adenovirus) (aka unidentified adenovirus)
C: unidentified human adenovirus
D: human adenovirus a (aka human mastadenovirus a)
E: human adenovirus c (aka human mastadenovirus c)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Detection and quantitation of infectious human adenoviruses and JC polyomaviruses in water by immunofluorescence assay.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'jc polyomaviruses'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: jc polyomavirus (human polyomavirus (type jc)) (aka jc polyomavirus)
B: jc polyomavirus type 3
C: jc polyomavirus type 7a
D: polyomavirus (aka polyomavirus sp.)
E: jc polyomavirus type 4
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'An indirect immunofluorescence assay has been developed to quantify infectious human adenoviruses types 2 and 41 and JC polyomaviruses strain Mad-4 in water samples.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human adenoviruses'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rodent adenovirus
B: human adenovirus c (aka human mastadenovirus c)
C: adenovirus 1 (aka human adenovirus 1)
D: unidentified human adenovirus
E: human adenoviruses type 7 (aka human adenovirus 7)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'An indirect immunofluorescence assay has been developed to quantify infectious human adenoviruses types 2 and 41 and JC polyomaviruses strain Mad-4 in water samples.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'jc polyomaviruses'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: jc polyomavirus type 3
B: jc polyomavirus type 4
C: jc polyomavirus type 7
D: polyomavirus jc (aka jc polyomavirus)
E: jc polyomavirus type 3a
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'River water samples spiked previously with human adenoviruses and raw sewage samples were also analyzed using the proposed immunofluorescence assay as well as by qPCR.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: glossus humanus (cardium humanum) (aka glossus humanus)
B: gymnopleurus humanus
C: homo (humans) (aka homo)
D: pediculus humanus (human louse) (aka pediculus humanus)
E: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based fluorometer assay for screening anti-coxsackievirus B3 compounds.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'coxsackievirus b3'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: human coxsackievirus a24 (aka coxsackievirus a24)
B: human coxsackievirus b5 (aka coxsackievirus b5)
C: human coxsackievirus a9 (aka coxsackievirus a9)
D: cvb3 (aka coxsackievirus b3) (aka coxsackievirus b3)
E: human coxsackievirus b1 (aka coxsackievirus b1)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'By detecting the 2A(pro) produced early during the virus infection cycle, the CFP-YFP pair effectively identifies infectious coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), a picornavirus that causes viral myocarditis in humans.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'coxsackievirus b3'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: human coxsackievirus b1 (aka coxsackievirus b1)
B: cvb3 (aka coxsackievirus b3) (aka coxsackievirus b3)
C: human coxsackievirus b5 (aka coxsackievirus b5)
D: human coxsackievirus a3 (aka coxsackievirus a3)
E: coxsackievirus
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'By detecting the 2A(pro) produced early during the virus infection cycle, the CFP-YFP pair effectively identifies infectious coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), a picornavirus that causes viral myocarditis in humans.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'coxsackievirus b3'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: coxsackievirus
B: human coxsackievirus a24 (aka coxsackievirus a24)
C: human coxsackievirus a3 (aka coxsackievirus a3)
D: human coxsackievirus b5 (aka coxsackievirus b5)
E: human coxsackievirus a4 (aka coxsackievirus a4)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'By detecting the 2A(pro) produced early during the virus infection cycle, the CFP-YFP pair effectively identifies infectious coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), a picornavirus that causes viral myocarditis in humans.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cvb3'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cardiovirus b
B: cvb4 (aka coxsackievirus b4) (aka coxsackievirus b4)
C: beet cryptic virus 3 (bcv3 (aka beet cryptic virus 3))
D: coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3 (aka coxsackievirus b3))
E: coxsackievirus b3 (strain woodruff)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'By detecting the 2A(pro) produced early during the virus infection cycle, the CFP-YFP pair effectively identifies infectious coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), a picornavirus that causes viral myocarditis in humans.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'humans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: glossus humanus (cardium humanum) (aka glossus humanus)
B: great apes (aka hominidae)
C: pediculus humanus humanus (aka pediculus humanus corporis)
D: gymnopleurus humanus
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The reporter cells were treated with the test compounds, challenged with CVB3, and then examined using a fluorometer at 24h post-infection.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cvb3'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: coxsackievirus b2 (cvb2 (aka coxsackievirus b2))
B: cnbov3 (aka canine bocavirus 3)
C: coxsackievirus b3 (strain nancy)
D: coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3 (aka coxsackievirus b3))
E: coxsackievirus b3 (strain woodruff)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The developed method is an effective strategy for rapid screening, and identifies compounds that inhibit CVB3 2A(pro).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cvb3'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cvb4 (aka coxsackievirus b4) (aka coxsackievirus b4)
B: coxsackievirus b3 (strain nancy)
C: canine bocavirus 3 (cnbov3) (aka canine bocavirus 3)
D: coxsackievirus b3 (strain woodruff)
E: cardiovirus b
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'One-step real-time reverse transcription-PCR assays for detecting and subtyping pandemic influenza A/H1N1 2009, seasonal influenza A/H1N1, and seasonal influenza A/H3N2 viruses.
Pandemic influenza A/H1N1 2009 (A/H1N1pdm) virus has caused significant outbreaks worldwide.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pandemic influenza a/h1n1 2009'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: influenza a virus (a/indiana/09/2009(h1n1))
B: influenza a virus (a/australia/5/2009(h1n1))
C: influenza a virus (a/indiana/07/2009(h1n1))
D: influenza a virus (a/california/05/2009(h1n1))
E: influenza a virus (a/australia/1/2009(h1n1))
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'One-step real-time reverse transcription-PCR assays for detecting and subtyping pandemic influenza A/H1N1 2009, seasonal influenza A/H1N1, and seasonal influenza A/H3N2 viruses.
Pandemic influenza A/H1N1 2009 (A/H1N1pdm) virus has caused significant outbreaks worldwide.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'seasonal influenza a/h1n1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: influenza a virus (a/california/07/2008(h1n1))
B: influenza virus type a (aka influenza a virus)
C: influenza a virus (a/california/07/2016(h1n1))
D: influenza a virus (a/singapore/07/2009(h1n1))
E: influenza a virus (a/california/11/2010(h1n1))
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'One-step real-time reverse transcription-PCR assays for detecting and subtyping pandemic influenza A/H1N1 2009, seasonal influenza A/H1N1, and seasonal influenza A/H3N2 viruses.
Pandemic influenza A/H1N1 2009 (A/H1N1pdm) virus has caused significant outbreaks worldwide.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'seasonal influenza a/h3n2 viruses'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: fluav (aka influenza a virus)
B: influenza c viruses (aka influenza c virus)
C: influenza virus a/h3n2 (aka influenza a virus h3n2)
D: influenza virus (aka unidentified influenza virus)
E: influenza a virus (a/reassortant variant x-7 (h1n2))
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'One-step real-time reverse transcription-PCR assays for detecting and subtyping pandemic influenza A/H1N1 2009, seasonal influenza A/H1N1, and seasonal influenza A/H3N2 viruses.
Pandemic influenza A/H1N1 2009 (A/H1N1pdm) virus has caused significant outbreaks worldwide.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pandemic influenza a/h1n1 2009 (a/h1n1pdm) virus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: influenza a virus (a/california/ma-07/2009(h1n1))
B: influenza a virus (a/california/06/2009(h1n1))
C: influenza a virus (a/perth/1/2009(h1n1))
D: influenza a virus (a/australia/11/2009(h1n1))
E: influenza a virus (a/indiana/07/2009(h1n1))
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A previous one-step real-time reverse transcription-PCR (rRT-PCR) assay for detecting A/H1N1pdm virus (H1pdm rRT-PCR assay) was improved since the former probe had a low melting temperature and low tolerance to viral mutation.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a/h1n1pdm virus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: influenza virus type a (aka influenza a virus)
B: influenza a virus (a/wsn/1940(h1n1))
C: influenza a virus (a/mar del plata(h1n1))
D: influenza a virus (a/reassortant variant x-7 (h1n2))
E: swine influenza virus
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To help with the screening of the A/H1N1pdm virus, rRT-PCR assays were also developed for detecting human seasonal A/H1N1 (H1 rRT-PCR assay) and A/H3N2 influenza viruses (H3 rRT-PCR assay).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a/h1n1pdm virus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: swine influenza virus
B: h1n1 swine influenza virus
C: influenza a virus (a/chicken/anhui/m(h5n1))
D: influenzavirus a (aka alphainfluenzavirus)
E: influenza virus type a (aka influenza a virus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To help with the screening of the A/H1N1pdm virus, rRT-PCR assays were also developed for detecting human seasonal A/H1N1 (H1 rRT-PCR assay) and A/H3N2 influenza viruses (H3 rRT-PCR assay).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a/h1n1pdm virus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: influenza a virus (a/nws-tokyo(h1n2))
B: influenza a virus (a/mar del plata(h1n1))
C: influenza a virus (a/chicken/anhui/m(h5n1))
D: influenza a virus (a/x113(h1n1))
E: influenza a virus (a/china)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To help with the screening of the A/H1N1pdm virus, rRT-PCR assays were also developed for detecting human seasonal A/H1N1 (H1 rRT-PCR assay) and A/H3N2 influenza viruses (H3 rRT-PCR assay).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: pediculus humanus corporis (pediculus humanus humanus) (aka pediculus humanus corporis)
B: neandertal man (aka homo sapiens neanderthalensis)
C: carcharhinus humani
D: great apes (aka hominidae)
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To help with the screening of the A/H1N1pdm virus, rRT-PCR assays were also developed for detecting human seasonal A/H1N1 (H1 rRT-PCR assay) and A/H3N2 influenza viruses (H3 rRT-PCR assay).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'seasonal a/h1n1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: influenza a virus (human influenza a virus) (aka influenza a virus)
B: influenza a virus (a/ws/1933(h1n1))
C: influenza a virus (a/china)
D: influenza a virus (a/california/11/2008(h1n1))
E: influenza a virus (a/california/07/2008(h1n1))
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To help with the screening of the A/H1N1pdm virus, rRT-PCR assays were also developed for detecting human seasonal A/H1N1 (H1 rRT-PCR assay) and A/H3N2 influenza viruses (H3 rRT-PCR assay).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a/h3n2 influenza viruses'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: influenza c viruses (aka influenza c virus)
B: flubv (aka influenza b virus)
C: avian influenza virus (aka unidentified influenza virus)
D: influenza virus type a (aka influenza a virus)
E: influenza a virus h3n2 (influenza virus a/h3n2) (aka influenza a virus h3n2)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In addition, the improved H1pdm rRT-PCR assay could detect two viral strains of A/H1N1pdm, namely, A/Aichi/472/2009 (H1N1)pdm and A/Sakai/89/2009 (H1N1)pdm, which have mutation(s) in the probe-binding region of the hemagglutinin gene, without loss of sensitivity.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'viral strains of a/h1n1pdm'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: h1n1 swine influenza virus
B: h1n1 subtype (h1n1 (aka h1n1 subtype))
C: influenza a virus (a/china)
D: human influenza a virus (aka influenza a virus)
E: avian influenza virus (aka unidentified influenza virus)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In addition, the improved H1pdm rRT-PCR assay could detect two viral strains of A/H1N1pdm, namely, A/Aichi/472/2009 (H1N1)pdm and A/Sakai/89/2009 (H1N1)pdm, which have mutation(s) in the probe-binding region of the hemagglutinin gene, without loss of sensitivity.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a/aichi/472/2009 (h1n1)pdm'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: influenza a virus (a/aichi/11/2008(h1n1))
B: influenza a virus (a/aichi/272/2009(h1n1))
C: influenza a virus (a/aichi/12/2008(h1n1))
D: influenza a virus (a/helsinki/477/2013(h1n1))
E: influenza a virus (a/riyadh/4783/2009(h1n1))
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In addition, the improved H1pdm rRT-PCR assay could detect two viral strains of A/H1N1pdm, namely, A/Aichi/472/2009 (H1N1)pdm and A/Sakai/89/2009 (H1N1)pdm, which have mutation(s) in the probe-binding region of the hemagglutinin gene, without loss of sensitivity.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a/sakai/89/2009 (h1n1)pdm'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: influenza a virus (a/japan/896/2009(h1n1))
B: influenza a virus (a/sakai/2/2009(h1n1))
C: influenza a virus (a/japan/890/2009(h1n1))
D: influenza a virus (a/japan/841/2009(h1n1))
E: influenza a virus (a/japan/871/2009(h1n1))
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Of these, 26, 20, and 2 samples were identified as positive for A/H1pdm, A/H3, and A/H1, respectively, while 42 samples were negative for influenza A viruses.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a/h1pdm'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: h10n2 subtype
B: h14n2 subtype
C: h11n8 subtype
D: h1n4 subtype
E: h11n4 subtype
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Of these, 26, 20, and 2 samples were identified as positive for A/H1pdm, A/H3, and A/H1, respectively, while 42 samples were negative for influenza A viruses.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a/h3'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: arum
B: h13n3 subtype
C: aspergillus heteromorphus alternavirus 1
D: h3n3 subtype
E: ammonia-oxidizing archaeon ar
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Of these, 26, 20, and 2 samples were identified as positive for A/H1pdm, A/H3, and A/H1, respectively, while 42 samples were negative for influenza A viruses.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a/h1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: h1n4 subtype
B: h1n2 (aka h1n2 subtype) (aka h1n2 subtype)
C: h13n1 subtype
D: h11n1 subtype
E: h1n7 subtype
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Of these, 26, 20, and 2 samples were identified as positive for A/H1pdm, A/H3, and A/H1, respectively, while 42 samples were negative for influenza A viruses.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'influenza a viruses'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: equine influenza virus
B: h1n1 swine influenza virus
C: swine influenza virus
D: influenza c viruses (aka influenza c virus)
E: fluav (aka influenza a virus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Of these, 26, 20, and 2 samples were identified as positive for A/H1pdm, A/H3, and A/H1, respectively, while 42 samples were negative for influenza A viruses.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'influenza a viruses'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: swine influenza virus
B: equine influenza virus
C: flubv (aka influenza b virus)
D: influenzavirus a (aka alphainfluenzavirus)
E: duck influenza virus
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The present results suggest that these highly sensitive and specific H1pdm, H1, and H3 rRT-PCR assays are useful not only for diagnosing influenza viruses, but also for the surveillance of influenza viruses.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'influenza viruses'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: fluruvirus
B: influenza virus type a (aka influenza a virus)
C: influenza virus (aka unidentified influenza virus)
D: influenzavirus c (aka gammainfluenzavirus)
E: influenza b virus (influenza virus type b) (aka influenza b virus)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The present results suggest that these highly sensitive and specific H1pdm, H1, and H3 rRT-PCR assays are useful not only for diagnosing influenza viruses, but also for the surveillance of influenza viruses.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'influenza viruses'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: influenzavirus c (aka gammainfluenzavirus)
B: influenza b virus (influenza virus type b) (aka influenza b virus)
C: swine influenza virus
D: influenza virus type a (aka influenza a virus)
E: influenza virus (aka unidentified influenza virus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The transcriptional response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to proapoptotic concentrations of Pichia membranifaciens killer toxin.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'saccharomyces cerevisiae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: saccharomyces rouxii (aka zygosaccharomyces rouxii)
B: saccharomyces paradoxus
C: saccharomyces ovalis (aka malassezia furfur)
D: brewer's yeast (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
E: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The transcriptional response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to proapoptotic concentrations of Pichia membranifaciens killer toxin.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pichia membranifaciens'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: pichia methanolica (aka ogataea methanolica)
B: pichia fermentans (candida fimetaria) (aka pichia fermentans)
C: pichia membranifaciens x pichia sp.
D: pichia pastoris (aka komagataella pastoris)
E: candida valida (aka pichia membranifaciens)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'PMKT (Pichia membranifaciens killer toxin) reportedly has antimicrobial activity against yeasts and filamentous fungi.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pichia membranifaciens'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: pichia maclurae (aka cyberlindnera maclurae)
B: pichia fermentans (candida fimetaria) (aka pichia fermentans)
C: pichia veronae (aka cyberlindnera veronae)
D: pichia manshurica (pichia galeiformis) (aka pichia manshurica)
E: saccharomyces membranifaciens (aka pichia membranifaciens)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'PMKT (Pichia membranifaciens killer toxin) reportedly has antimicrobial activity against yeasts and filamentous fungi.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeasts'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: saccharomyces italicus (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
B: torulaspora
C: saccharomyces neoformans (aka cryptococcus neoformans)
D: saccharomyces globosus (aka saccharomyces uvarum)
E: true yeasts (aka saccharomycotina)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'By contrast, the evidence presented here shows that low PMKT doses lead to a cell death process in Saccharomyces cerevisiae accompanied by cytological and biochemical indicators of apoptotic programmed cell death, namely, the production of reactive oxygen species, DNA strand breaks, metacaspase activation and cytochrome c release.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'saccharomyces cerevisiae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: saccharomyces arboricola (saccharomyces arboricola f.y. bai & s.a. wang, 2008) (aka saccharomyces arboricola)
B: saccharomyces fermentati (aka torulaspora delbrueckii)
C: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
D: saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
E: saccharomyces marxianus (aka kluyveromyces marxianus)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We have explored the global gene expression response of S. cerevisiae during that stimulus.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 's. cerevisiae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: saccharomyces arboricola (saccharomyces arboricola f.y. bai & s.a. wang, 2008) (aka saccharomyces arboricola)
B: saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883) (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
C: saccharomyces ovalis (aka malassezia furfur)
D: saccharomyces pasteurianus (aka saccharomyces pastorianus)
E: saccharomyces fermentati (aka torulaspora delbrueckii)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Detection of infectious myonecrosis virus using monoclonal antibody specific to N and C fragments of the capsid protein expressed heterologously.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'infectious myonecrosis virus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mev (aka mink enteritis virus) (aka mink enteritis virus)
B: penaeid shrimp infectious myonecrosis virus
C: infectious hemorrhagic syndrome virus
D: sendai virus (aka respirovirus muris)
E: infectious bursal disease virus ibdv (aka infectious bursal disease virus)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The gene encoding the capsid protein in ORF1 of the genome of infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV) (GenBank AY570982) was amplified into three parts named CP-N (nucleotides 2248-3045), CP-I (nucleotides 3046-3954) and CP-C (nucleotides 3955-4953).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'infectious myonecrosis virus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: marek's disease virus (aka gallid alphaherpesvirus 2)
B: penaeid shrimp infectious myonecrosis virus
C: muninn virus
D: myotis myotis betaherpesvirus
E: infectious flacherie virus (ifv (aka infectious flacherie virus))
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The gene encoding the capsid protein in ORF1 of the genome of infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV) (GenBank AY570982) was amplified into three parts named CP-N (nucleotides 2248-3045), CP-I (nucleotides 3046-3954) and CP-C (nucleotides 3955-4953).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'infectious myonecrosis virus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: equine influenza virus
B: infectious flacherie virus (ifv (aka infectious flacherie virus))
C: imjin virus
D: mediterranean bat virus
E: infectious bursal disease virus ibdv (aka infectious bursal disease virus)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The gene encoding the capsid protein in ORF1 of the genome of infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV) (GenBank AY570982) was amplified into three parts named CP-N (nucleotides 2248-3045), CP-I (nucleotides 3046-3954) and CP-C (nucleotides 3955-4953).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'imnv'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ipnv (aka infectious pancreatic necrosis virus) (aka infectious pancreatic necrosis virus)
B: new minto virus
C: nienokoue virus
D: imjin virus
E: inini virus
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The CP-N fragment was inserted into expression vector pTYB1 while CP-I and CP-C were each inserted into expression vector pGEX-6P-1 for transformation of BL21 E. coli strain.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bl21 e. coli'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: escherichia coli kte61
B: escherichia coli kte71
C: escherichia coli bl21 (escherichia coli strain bl21) (aka escherichia coli bl21)
D: enterococcus coli (aka escherichia coli)
E: escherichia coli e74/68
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Two MAbs specific to CP-N and one MAb specific to CP-C were selected for use for detection of natural IMNV infections in Penaeus vannamei by dot blotting, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'imnv'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mundri virus
B: imvubuvirus imvubu
C: isknv (aka infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus)
D: inini virus
E: platycephalus indicus nervous necrosis virus
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'There was no cross-reaction with shrimp tissues or common shrimp viruses including white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), yellow head virus (YHV), Taura syndrome virus (TSV), Penaeus monodon nucleopolyhedrovirus (PemoNPV), Penaeus stylirostris densovirus (PstDNV) and Penaeus monodon densovirus (PmDNV).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'white spot syndrome virus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: white sucker hepacivirus
B: whiteheadvirus
C: white snakeroot virus a
D: white spot syndrome virus of shrimp (aka shrimp white spot syndrome virus)
E: white spot syndrome virus (white spot syndrome virus 1) (aka white spot syndrome virus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'There was no cross-reaction with shrimp tissues or common shrimp viruses including white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), yellow head virus (YHV), Taura syndrome virus (TSV), Penaeus monodon nucleopolyhedrovirus (PemoNPV), Penaeus stylirostris densovirus (PstDNV) and Penaeus monodon densovirus (PmDNV).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'wssv'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: white spot syndrome virus of shrimp (aka shrimp white spot syndrome virus)
B: whitespot syndrome virus (aka white spot syndrome virus)
C: warsawvirus
D: tsv (aka tobacco streak virus) (aka tobacco streak virus)
E: ssv (aka sugarcane streak virus) (aka sugarcane streak virus)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'There was no cross-reaction with shrimp tissues or common shrimp viruses including white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), yellow head virus (YHV), Taura syndrome virus (TSV), Penaeus monodon nucleopolyhedrovirus (PemoNPV), Penaeus stylirostris densovirus (PstDNV) and Penaeus monodon densovirus (PmDNV).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'yellow head virus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: fallet virus
B: turnip yellows virus
C: tobacco yellow crinkle virus
D: wheat yellow dwarf virus
E: tobacco yellow virus
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'There was no cross-reaction with shrimp tissues or common shrimp viruses including white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), yellow head virus (YHV), Taura syndrome virus (TSV), Penaeus monodon nucleopolyhedrovirus (PemoNPV), Penaeus stylirostris densovirus (PstDNV) and Penaeus monodon densovirus (PmDNV).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'yhv'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: hayes yard virus
B: yhv (aka yellow head virus) (aka yellow head virus)
C: daphne virus y
D: yhv-3 (aka yellow head virus 3)
E: mashua virus y
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'There was no cross-reaction with shrimp tissues or common shrimp viruses including white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), yellow head virus (YHV), Taura syndrome virus (TSV), Penaeus monodon nucleopolyhedrovirus (PemoNPV), Penaeus stylirostris densovirus (PstDNV) and Penaeus monodon densovirus (PmDNV).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'taura syndrome virus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: stratford virus
B: tartou virus
C: teise virus
D: taura syndrome virus of marine penaeid shrimp (aka taura syndrome virus)
E: tsev (aka turkish sheep encephalitis virus) (aka turkish sheep encephalitis virus)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'There was no cross-reaction with shrimp tissues or common shrimp viruses including white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), yellow head virus (YHV), Taura syndrome virus (TSV), Penaeus monodon nucleopolyhedrovirus (PemoNPV), Penaeus stylirostris densovirus (PstDNV) and Penaeus monodon densovirus (PmDNV).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'tsv'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: swine vesicular exanthema virus (aka vesicular exanthema of swine virus)
B: tobacco rattle virus, trv (aka tobacco rattle virus)
C: tsrv (aka atlantic salmon reovirus ts) (aka atlantic salmon reovirus ts)
D: tos (aka toscana virus) (aka toscana virus)
E: torque teno sus virus
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'There was no cross-reaction with shrimp tissues or common shrimp viruses including white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), yellow head virus (YHV), Taura syndrome virus (TSV), Penaeus monodon nucleopolyhedrovirus (PemoNPV), Penaeus stylirostris densovirus (PstDNV) and Penaeus monodon densovirus (PmDNV).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'penaeus monodon nucleopolyhedrovirus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: penaeus merguiensis densovirus (hepatopancreatic parvovirus of penaeid shrimp) (aka penaeus merguiensis densovirus)
B: galleria mellonella nuclear polyhedrosis virus (aka galleria mellonella mnpv)
C: spodoptera eridania nucleopolyhedrovirus
D: spodoptera litura nuclear polyhedrosis virus (aka spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus)
E: monodon baculovirus (aka penaeus monodon nucleopolyhedrovirus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'There was no cross-reaction with shrimp tissues or common shrimp viruses including white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), yellow head virus (YHV), Taura syndrome virus (TSV), Penaeus monodon nucleopolyhedrovirus (PemoNPV), Penaeus stylirostris densovirus (PstDNV) and Penaeus monodon densovirus (PmDNV).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'penaeus monodon nucleopolyhedrovirus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: penaeus monodon hepatopancreatic parvovirus
B: spodoptera eridania nucleopolyhedrovirus
C: penaeus monodon nudivirus
D: penaeus vannamei nucleopolyhedrovirus
E: penaeus merguiensis densovirus (hepatopancreatic parvovirus of penaeid shrimp) (aka penaeus merguiensis densovirus)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'There was no cross-reaction with shrimp tissues or common shrimp viruses including white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), yellow head virus (YHV), Taura syndrome virus (TSV), Penaeus monodon nucleopolyhedrovirus (PemoNPV), Penaeus stylirostris densovirus (PstDNV) and Penaeus monodon densovirus (PmDNV).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pemonpv'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: pfmnpv (aka panolis flammea nucleopolyhedrovirus)
B: pea associated emaravirus
C: penicillimonavirus epsilonplasmoparae (pvamv-6) (aka penicillimonavirus epsilonplasmoparae)
D: penicillimonavirus etaplasmoparae (pvamv-9) (aka penicillimonavirus etaplasmoparae)
E: pemv-b1 (aka pemapivirus b)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Immunohistochemical analysis using MAbs specific to CP-N and CP-C in IMNV-infected shrimp revealed intense staining patterns in muscles, the lymphoid organ, gills, the heart, hemocytes and connective tissue.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'imnv'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mundri virus
B: platycephalus indicus nervous necrosis virus
C: imjin virus
D: imvubuvirus imvubu
E: ovine nidovirus
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The genus Capripoxvirus (CaPV) comprises three members namely, sheep poxvirus (SPPV), goat poxvirus (GTPV) and lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) affecting sheep, goats and cattle, respectively.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'sheep poxvirus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: buffalopox virus (buffalo pox virus) (aka buffalopox virus)
B: orthopoxvirus
C: fowl poxvirus (aka fowlpox virus)
D: sheep pox virus (aka sheeppox virus)
E: rabbitpox virus
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The genus Capripoxvirus (CaPV) comprises three members namely, sheep poxvirus (SPPV), goat poxvirus (GTPV) and lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) affecting sheep, goats and cattle, respectively.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'sppv'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: porcine sapovirus
B: sopavop virus
C: sprivivirus
D: sppv (aka sheeppox virus) (aka sheeppox virus)
E: bovine papular stomatitis virus
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The genus Capripoxvirus (CaPV) comprises three members namely, sheep poxvirus (SPPV), goat poxvirus (GTPV) and lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) affecting sheep, goats and cattle, respectively.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'goat poxvirus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: avipoxvirus
B: goat protoparvovirus
C: pigeon poxvirus (aka pigeonpox virus)
D: goatpox virus
E: goat erythroparvovirus
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The genus Capripoxvirus (CaPV) comprises three members namely, sheep poxvirus (SPPV), goat poxvirus (GTPV) and lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) affecting sheep, goats and cattle, respectively.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'gtpv'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: vector pachp-ggpp
B: grv (aka groundnut rosette virus) (aka groundnut rosette virus)
C: sylvilagus associated picorna-like virus
D: ginkgoaceae-associated picorna-like virus
E: plant stable overexpression vector prgvcgfp
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The genus Capripoxvirus (CaPV) comprises three members namely, sheep poxvirus (SPPV), goat poxvirus (GTPV) and lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) affecting sheep, goats and cattle, respectively.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'lumpy skin disease virus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lumpy skin disease virus nw-lw
B: lumpy skin disease virus rsa/06 springbok
C: lumpy skin disease virus ni-2490
D: lumosvirus
E: lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv (aka lumpy skin disease virus))
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The genus Capripoxvirus (CaPV) comprises three members namely, sheep poxvirus (SPPV), goat poxvirus (GTPV) and lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) affecting sheep, goats and cattle, respectively.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'lsdv'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv (aka lumpy skin disease virus))
B: ldv (aka lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus) (aka lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus)
C: landiras virus
D: lpdv (aka lymphoproliferative disease virus) (aka lymphoproliferative disease virus)
E: sdv-like viruses (aka sadwavirus)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The genus Capripoxvirus (CaPV) comprises three members namely, sheep poxvirus (SPPV), goat poxvirus (GTPV) and lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) affecting sheep, goats and cattle, respectively.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'sheep'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: domestic sheep (aka ovis aries)
B: mormyrus ovis
C: ovis canadensis (bighorn sheep) (aka ovis canadensis)
D: oestrus ovis (sheep bot fly) (aka oestrus ovis)
E: pediculus ovis (aka bovicola ovis)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The genus Capripoxvirus (CaPV) comprises three members namely, sheep poxvirus (SPPV), goat poxvirus (GTPV) and lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) affecting sheep, goats and cattle, respectively.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'goats'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: domestic yak (aka bos grunniens)
B: capra aegagrus cretica (aka capra hircus cretica)
C: domestic cow (aka bos taurus)
D: wild goat (aka capra aegagrus)
E: domestic goat (aka capra hircus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The genus Capripoxvirus (CaPV) comprises three members namely, sheep poxvirus (SPPV), goat poxvirus (GTPV) and lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) affecting sheep, goats and cattle, respectively.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'goats'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: capra caucasica (capra ibex caucasica) (aka capra caucasica)
B: domestic yak (aka bos grunniens)
C: wild goat (aka capra aegagrus)
D: rocky mountain goat (aka oreamnos americanus)
E: capra cretica (aka capra hircus cretica)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The genus Capripoxvirus (CaPV) comprises three members namely, sheep poxvirus (SPPV), goat poxvirus (GTPV) and lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) affecting sheep, goats and cattle, respectively.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cattle'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bos bovis (aka bos taurus)
B: bos bubalis bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis bubalis)
C: cattle (aka bos)
D: indicine cattle (aka bos indicus)
E: ruminococcus bovis
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'CaPV infections produce similar symptoms in sheep and goats, and the three viruses cannot be distinguished serologically.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'sheep'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ovis ammon aries (aka ovis aries)
B: pediculus ovis (aka bovicola ovis)
C: ovis aries vignei (aka ovis vignei)
D: ovis canadensis (bighorn sheep) (aka ovis canadensis)
E: dall's sheep (aka ovis dalli)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'CaPV infections produce similar symptoms in sheep and goats, and the three viruses cannot be distinguished serologically.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'goats'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: domestic cow (aka bos taurus)
B: domestic yak (aka bos grunniens)
C: sheep (aka ovis aries)
D: capra
E: goats (aka capra hircus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Since there are conflicting opinions regarding the host specificity of CaPVs, particularly for goatpox and sheeppox viruses, the development of rapid genotyping tools will facilitate more accurate disease diagnosis and surveillance for better management of capripox outbreaks.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'goatpox'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: pediculus bovis (aka bovicola bovis)
B: grey sealpox virus
C: goatpox virus
D: sheeppox virus (sppv (aka sheeppox virus))
E: horsepox virus
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Since there are conflicting opinions regarding the host specificity of CaPVs, particularly for goatpox and sheeppox viruses, the development of rapid genotyping tools will facilitate more accurate disease diagnosis and surveillance for better management of capripox outbreaks.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'sheeppox viruses'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: sheeppox virus ks-1 (sheeppox virus <strain ks-1>) (aka sheeppox virus ks-1)
B: sheeppox virus (sppv (aka sheeppox virus))
C: fowlpox virus (avipoxvirus clade a1) (aka fowlpox virus)
D: smallpox virus (aka variola virus)
E: avipoxvirus
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Multiplex PCR for rapid detection of serotype A foot-and-mouth disease virus variants with amino acid deletion at position 59 of the capsid protein VP3.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'serotype a foot-and-mouth disease virus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: foot-and-mouth disease virus (strain o1)
B: foot-and-mouth disease virus - type a (aka foot-and-mouth disease virus a)
C: foot-and-mouth disease virus - type c (aka foot and mouth disease virus c)
D: fmdv (aka foot-and-mouth disease virus) (aka foot-and-mouth disease virus)
E: foot-and-mouth disease virus type o fmdv (aka foot-and-mouth disease virus o)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In India, there has been co-circulation, extinction and emergence of genotypes/lineages within serotype A foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'fmd'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: drosophila-associated filamentous virus
B: saffron dwarf virus
C: fmdv-sat1 (aka foot-and-mouth disease virus sat 1)
D: fmdv-c (aka foot and mouth disease virus c)
E: foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv (aka foot-and-mouth disease virus))
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This development is important for surveillance of FMD in India.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'fmd'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: drosophila-associated filamentous virus
B: fmdv-asia1 (aka foot-and-mouth disease virus asia 1)
C: foot-and-mouth disease virus fmdv (aka foot-and-mouth disease virus)
D: fmdv-c (aka foot and mouth disease virus c)
E: yfv replicon vector fmdv-2a-def
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Conserved function of the Kruppel gap gene in the blowfly Lucilia sericata, despite anterior shift of expression.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'lucilia sericata'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: brachypodella sericata (aka gyraxis sericata)
B: scotosia sericata (aka triphosa sericata)
C: morawetzia sericata
D: serica sericea
E: common green bottle fly (aka lucilia sericata)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To determine whether expression patterns of segmentation genes found in Drosophila melanogaster can be scaled to pattern larger insects, we studied the expression of the Kruppel (Kr) gene in the blowfly Lucilia sericata.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'drosophila melanogaster'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: drosophila simulans
B: drosophila elegans
C: drosophila (aka drosophila <flies,subgenus>)
D: drosophila melanogaster (sophophora melanogaster) (aka drosophila melanogaster)
E: drosophila <flies,genus> (fruit flies) (aka drosophila <flies,genus>)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To determine whether expression patterns of segmentation genes found in Drosophila melanogaster can be scaled to pattern larger insects, we studied the expression of the Kruppel (Kr) gene in the blowfly Lucilia sericata.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'drosophila melanogaster'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: drosophila <flies,genus> (fruit flies) (aka drosophila <flies,genus>)
B: bactrocera (bactrocera) melanogaster (aka bactrocera melanogaster)
C: mytilia melanogaster (aka rhinophis melanogaster)
D: drosophila elegans
E: drosophila persimilis
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To determine whether expression patterns of segmentation genes found in Drosophila melanogaster can be scaled to pattern larger insects, we studied the expression of the Kruppel (Kr) gene in the blowfly Lucilia sericata.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'lucilia sericata'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: amerila serica
B: sericata sericata
C: triphosa sericata (scotosia sericata) (aka triphosa sericata)
D: pseudomyrma sericata (aka polyrhachis sericata)
E: musca sericata (aka lucilia sericata)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Compared with Drosophila Kr, L. sericata Kr showed an unexpected 10% shift of expression towards the anterior pole.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'drosophila'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: drosophila (aka drosophila <flies,subgenus>)
B: fruit fly (aka drosophila melanogaster)
C: drosophila (aka drosophila <basidiomycete fungi>)
D: bactrocera melanogaster (bactrocera (bactrocera) melanogaster) (aka bactrocera melanogaster)
E: melanogaster (aka melanogaster <basidiomycete fungi>)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Compared with Drosophila Kr, L. sericata Kr showed an unexpected 10% shift of expression towards the anterior pole.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. sericata'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: scotosia sericata (aka triphosa sericata)
B: phaenicia sericata (aka lucilia sericata)
C: plantago sericea
D: serica atrata
E: corennys sericata
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Furthermore, expression domains not found in D. melanogaster were present at the blastoderm stage of L. sericata.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'd. melanogaster'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: melanogaster <flies> (melanogaster) (aka melanogaster <flies>)
B: drosophila (aka drosophila <basidiomycete fungi>)
C: fruit fly (aka drosophila <flies,genus>)
D: fruit fly (aka drosophila melanogaster)
E: drosophila persimilis
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Furthermore, expression domains not found in D. melanogaster were present at the blastoderm stage of L. sericata.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. sericata'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: plantago sericea
B: sericata sericata
C: common green bottle fly (aka lucilia sericata)
D: serica ligulata
E: triphosa sericata (scotosia sericata) (aka triphosa sericata)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We found Kr phenotypes in L. sericata comparable with those observed in D. melanogaster, demonstrating that L. sericata Kr functions as a gap gene as it does in Drosophila.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. sericata'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: triphosa sericata (scotosia sericata) (aka triphosa sericata)
B: leptospermum sericatum (aka gaudium sericatum)
C: corennys sericata
D: sericata tantilla
E: musca sericata (aka lucilia sericata)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We found Kr phenotypes in L. sericata comparable with those observed in D. melanogaster, demonstrating that L. sericata Kr functions as a gap gene as it does in Drosophila.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'd. melanogaster'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: fruit fly (aka drosophila melanogaster)
B: drosophila simulans
C: drosophila (dudaica) dissimilis (aka drosophila dissimilis)
D: melanogaster <basidiomycete fungi> (melanogaster) (aka melanogaster <basidiomycete fungi>)
E: drosophila (aka drosophila <flies,genus>)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We found Kr phenotypes in L. sericata comparable with those observed in D. melanogaster, demonstrating that L. sericata Kr functions as a gap gene as it does in Drosophila.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'l. sericata'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: sericata
B: corennys sericata
C: serica sericea
D: sheep blowfly (aka lucilia sericata)
E: serica ligulata
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We found Kr phenotypes in L. sericata comparable with those observed in D. melanogaster, demonstrating that L. sericata Kr functions as a gap gene as it does in Drosophila.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'drosophila'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: drosophila persimilis
B: fruit fly (aka drosophila melanogaster)
C: drosophila dissimilis (drosophila (dudaica) dissimilis) (aka drosophila dissimilis)
D: drosophila <flies,genus> (fruit flies) (aka drosophila <flies,genus>)
E: drosophila elegans
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The increasing global crisis in NCDs is a barrier to development goals including poverty reduction, health equity, economic stability, and human security.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: carcharhinus humani
B: cardium humanum (aka glossus humanus)
C: sphaeria humana (aka sordaria humana)
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: neandertal man (aka homo sapiens neanderthalensis)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The increasing global crisis in NCDs is a barrier to development goals including poverty reduction, health equity, economic stability, and human security.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: glossus humanus (cardium humanum) (aka glossus humanus)
B: homo (humans) (aka homo)
C: sphaeria humana (aka sordaria humana)
D: pediculus humanus corporis (pediculus humanus humanus) (aka pediculus humanus corporis)
E: macrobiotus sapiens
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The Lancet NCD Action Group and the NCD Alliance propose five overarching priority actions for the response to the crisis--leadership, prevention, treatment, international cooperation, and monitoring and accountability--and the delivery of five priority interventions--tobacco control, salt reduction, improved diets and physical activity, reduction in hazardous alcohol intake, and essential drugs and technologies.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'tobacco'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: nicotiana glauca (glaucous tobacco) (aka nicotiana glauca)
B: acuminate tobacco (aka nicotiana acuminata)
C: nicotiana benthamiana
D: wood tobacco (aka nicotiana sylvestris)
E: common tobacco (aka nicotiana tabacum)
F: None of the above. | E |
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