instruction stringlengths 145 921 | input stringlengths 76 601 | response stringclasses 6 values |
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<Instruct>: Given the context 'Variation in SsIIa enzyme activity is associated with the cohesiveness of rice grains when cooked, and our findings are consistent with selection for more cohesive grains during the domestication of tropical japonica rice.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'tropical japonica rice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: oryza sativa (asian cultivated rice) (aka oryza sativa)
B: oryzomonas japonica (oryzomonas japonicum) (aka oryzomonas japonica)
C: common wild rice (aka oryza rufipogon)
D: african rice (aka oryza glaberrima)
E: oryza perennis
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Parallel evolution of cytochrome b mediated bifenazate resistance in the citrus red mite Panonychus citri.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'citrus red mite'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: panonychus citri (citrus fruit mite) (aka panonychus citri)
B: citrus whitefly (aka dialeurodes citri)
C: brown citrus aphid (aka aphis citricidus)
D: black citrus aphid (aka aphis aurantii)
E: oriental citrus fly (aka bactrocera tsuneonis)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Parallel evolution of cytochrome b mediated bifenazate resistance in the citrus red mite Panonychus citri.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'panonychus citri'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: oscheius citri
B: acrolepia citri (aka prays citri)
C: pestalotiopsis citrina (pestalotia citrina) (aka pestalotiopsis citrina)
D: allotropa citri
E: panonychus citri (citrus fruit mite) (aka panonychus citri)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Parallel evolution of cytochrome b mediated bifenazate resistance in the citrus red mite Panonychus citri.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'panonychus citri'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: reticulitermes citrinus
B: pachyphloeus citrinus (aka pachyphlodes citrina)
C: agrotera citrina
D: muscicapa citrina (aka setophaga citrina)
E: oscheius citri
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Although first thought to be a neurotoxin, genetic evidence obtained from bifenazate resistant Tetranychus urticae strains suggested an alternative mode of action as a Qo pocket inhibitor of the mitochondrial complex III.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'tetranychus urticae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: brachypterus urticae
B: tetranychus hirsutus
C: two-spotted spider mite (aka tetranychus urticae)
D: tetranychus zeae
E: tetranychus taiwanicus
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In this study, we reveal how bifenazate resistance in strains of Panonychus citri is maternally inherited and can confer cross-resistance to the known Qo inhibitor acequinocyl.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'panonychus citri'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: reticulitermes citrinus
B: acrolepia citri (aka prays citri)
C: panonychus caricae
D: citrus fruit mite (aka panonychus citri)
E: cantharellus citrinus
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The mitochondrial genome of P. citri was sequenced and Qo pocket mutations were shown to be linked with the resistant trait.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'p. citri'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: pestalotia citrina (aka pestalotiopsis citrina)
B: panonychus citri (citrus fruit mite) (aka panonychus citri)
C: fusarium citri
D: pseudomonas citri
E: perenniporia citrinoalba (citrinoporia citrinoalba) (aka perenniporia citrinoalba)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We also assessed the phenotypic contribution to this rate, by using radio telemetry to make repeated measurements of interclutch intervals for individual green turtles (Chelonia mydas).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'green turtles'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: common box turtle (aka terrapene carolina)
B: green sea turtle (aka chelonia mydas)
C: green lizard (aka lacerta viridis)
D: gulf coast box turtle (aka terrapene carolina major)
E: turtles (aka testudines)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We also assessed the phenotypic contribution to this rate, by using radio telemetry to make repeated measurements of interclutch intervals for individual green turtles (Chelonia mydas).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'chelonia mydas'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: chelicerates (aka chelicerata)
B: argia chelata
C: chelonia doris (aka apantesis doris)
D: chelone glabra (turtlehead) (aka chelone glabra)
E: testudo mydas (aka chelonia mydas)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context '4. Rates of egg maturation increased with seasonally increasing water temperatures in radio-tracked green turtles, but were not repeatable for individual females, and did not vary according to maternal body size or reproductive investment (number and size of eggs produced).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'green turtles'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: common box turtle (aka terrapene carolina)
B: sea turtles (aka cheloniidae)
C: asian leaf turtles (aka cyclemys)
D: green sea turtle (aka chelonia mydas)
E: wood turtle (aka glyptemys insculpta)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'ATP citrate lyase is required for normal sexual and asexual development in Gibberella zeae.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'gibberella zeae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: gibberella circinata (aka fusarium circinatum)
B: fusisporium zeae (aka fusarium zeae)
C: gibberella zeae (aka fusarium graminearum)
D: gibberella musae (aka fusarium musae)
E: fusarium fujikuroi (gibberella fujikuroi) (aka fusarium fujikuroi)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In this study, we characterized the mechanistic roles of ACL in the homothallic ascomycete fungus Gibberella zeae, which causes Fusarium head blight in major cereal crops.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'gibberella zeae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: gibberella zeae (aka fusarium graminearum)
B: gibellia cerealis (aka gibellina cerealis)
C: gibberella avenacea (aka fusarium avenaceum)
D: fusarium tumidum (gibberella tumida) (aka fusarium tumidum)
E: bipolaris zeae
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Human pluripotent stem cells produce natural killer cells that mediate anti-HIV-1 activity by utilizing diverse cellular mechanisms.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: hominidae (great apes) (aka hominidae)
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: macrobiotus sapiens
D: human louse (aka pediculus humanus)
E: human body louse (aka pediculus humanus corporis)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Human pluripotent stem cells produce natural killer cells that mediate anti-HIV-1 activity by utilizing diverse cellular mechanisms.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'hiv-1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: human immunodeficiency virus type 1 hiv-1 (aka human immunodeficiency virus 1)
B: human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (kb-1 isolate)
C: hiv (aka human immunodeficiency virus) (aka human immunodeficiency virus)
D: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Human pluripotent stem cells produce natural killer cells that mediate anti-HIV-1 activity by utilizing diverse cellular mechanisms.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'hiv-1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: human immunodeficiency virus (hiv (aka human immunodeficiency virus))
B: human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (kb-1 isolate)
C: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'While NK cells have been shown to play an important role in the control of HIV-1 replication, their functional activities are often compromised in HIV-1-infected individuals.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'hiv-1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: hiv1 (aka human immunodeficiency virus 1) (aka human immunodeficiency virus 1)
B: human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (kb-1 isolate)
C: human immunodeficiency virus (hiv (aka human immunodeficiency virus))
D: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'While NK cells have been shown to play an important role in the control of HIV-1 replication, their functional activities are often compromised in HIV-1-infected individuals.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'hiv-1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: human immunodeficiency virus 1 hiv-1 (aka human immunodeficiency virus 1)
B: human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (kb-1 isolate)
C: hiv (aka human immunodeficiency virus) (aka human immunodeficiency virus)
D: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We have previously demonstrated the derivation of NK cells from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) with the ability to potently kill multiple types of tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: glossus humanus (cardium humanum) (aka glossus humanus)
B: homo (humans) (aka homo)
C: gymnopleurus humanus
D: macrobiotus sapiens
E: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'More importantly, both hESC- and iPSC-derived NK cells are able to inhibit HIV-1 NL4-3 infection of CEM-GFP cells.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'hiv-1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (kb-1 isolate)
B: hiv-1 (aka human immunodeficiency virus 1)
C: aids virus (aka human immunodeficiency virus)
D: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Additional studies using HIV-1-infected human primary CD4(+)', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'hiv-1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: human immunodeficiency virus type 1 hiv 1 (aka human immunodeficiency virus 1)
B: human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (kb-1 isolate)
C: human immunodeficiency virus (hiv (aka human immunodeficiency virus))
D: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'T cells illustrated that hESC- and iPSC-derived NK cells suppress HIV-1 infection by at least three distinct cellular mechanisms: killing of infected targets through direct lysis, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, and production of chemokines and cytokines.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'hiv-1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: human immunodeficiency virus 1 (human immunodeficiency virus type 1, hiv-1) (aka human immunodeficiency virus 1)
B: human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (kb-1 isolate)
C: human immunodeficiency virus (hiv (aka human immunodeficiency virus))
D: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Our results establish the potential to utilize hESC- and iPSC-derived NK cells to better understand anti-HIV-1 immunity and provide a novel cellular immunotherapeutic approach to treat HIV/AIDS.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'hiv-1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (kb-1 isolate)
B: aids virus (aka human immunodeficiency virus)
C: human immunodeficiency virus-1 hiv-1 (aka human immunodeficiency virus 1)
D: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'European guidelines on the clinical management of HIV-1 tropism testing.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'hiv-1'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (kb-1 isolate)
B: human immunodeficiency virus (hiv (aka human immunodeficiency virus))
C: human immunodeficiency virus type 1 hiv 1 (aka human immunodeficiency virus 1)
D: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Testing for HIV tropism is recommended before prescribing a chemokine receptor blocker.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'hiv'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: hiv (aka human immunodeficiency virus) (aka human immunodeficiency virus)
B: human immunodeficiency virus 3 (hiv (aka human immunodeficiency virus 3))
C: human immunodeficiency virus-1 hiv-1 (aka human immunodeficiency virus 1)
D: aids virus (aka human immunodeficiency virus 2)
E: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In most European countries, HIV tropism is identified with tropism phenotype testing.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'hiv'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aids virus (aka human immunodeficiency virus)
B: hiv-1 (aka human immunodeficiency virus 1)
C: aids virus (aka human immunodeficiency virus 2)
D: human immunodeficiency virus 3 (hiv (aka human immunodeficiency virus 3))
E: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In most European countries, HIV tropism is identified with tropism phenotype testing.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'hiv'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: hiv-1 (aka human immunodeficiency virus 1)
B: human immunodeficiency virus 3 (hiv (aka human immunodeficiency virus 3))
C: aids virus (aka human immunodeficiency virus 2)
D: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'New data support genotype analysis of the HIV third hypervariable loop (V3) for the identification of tropism.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'hiv'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: human immunodeficiency virus type 1 hiv-1 (aka human immunodeficiency virus 1)
B: human immunodeficiency virus 3 (hiv (aka human immunodeficiency virus 3))
C: aids virus (aka human immunodeficiency virus 2)
D: hiv (aka human immunodeficiency virus) (aka human immunodeficiency virus)
E: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The panel recommends HIV-tropism testing for the following groups: drug-naive patients in whom toxic effects are anticipated or for whom few treatment options are available; patients who have poor tolerability to or toxic effects from current treatment or who have CNS pathology; and patients for whom therapy has failed and a change in treatment is considered.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'hiv'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aids virus (aka human immunodeficiency virus 2)
B: hiv (aka human immunodeficiency virus) (aka human immunodeficiency virus)
C: aids virus (aka human immunodeficiency virus 1)
D: human immunodeficiency virus 3 (hiv (aka human immunodeficiency virus 3))
E: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Laboratories doing HIV tropism tests should have adequate quality assurance measures.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'hiv'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aids virus (aka human immunodeficiency virus 2)
B: human immunodeficiency virus 1 (human immunodeficiency virus type 1, hiv-1) (aka human immunodeficiency virus 1)
C: human immunodeficiency virus 3 (hiv (aka human immunodeficiency virus 3))
D: hiv (aka human immunodeficiency virus) (aka human immunodeficiency virus)
E: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Similarly, close collaboration between HIV clinicians and virologists is needed to ensure adequate diagnostic and treatment decisions.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'hiv'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: human immunodeficiency virus-1 hiv-1 (aka human immunodeficiency virus 1)
B: human immunodeficiency virus 3 (hiv (aka human immunodeficiency virus 3))
C: aids virus (aka human immunodeficiency virus 2)
D: hiv (aka human immunodeficiency virus) (aka human immunodeficiency virus)
E: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Effects of early horn growth on reproduction and hunting mortality in female chamois.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'chamois'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: chama savignyi (aka chama croceata)
B: chamissoa
C: chamaerops
D: chamaita
E: chamois (aka rupicapra rupicapra)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context '2. We studied three populations of chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) in the western Alps to explore the relationships between female horn length and early growth, age of primiparity and age-specific reproduction.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'chamois'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: chamidae
B: chamois (aka rupicapra rupicapra)
C: chama
D: chamunda
E: chamaedoris
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context '2. We studied three populations of chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) in the western Alps to explore the relationships between female horn length and early growth, age of primiparity and age-specific reproduction.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rupicapra rupicapra'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: nematodirus rupicaprae
B: rupicapra rupicapra caucasica
C: capra rupicapra (aka rupicapra rupicapra)
D: protea rupicola
E: rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Moderate sport harvests are unlikely to affect the evolution of phenotypic traits and reproductive strategies in female chamois.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'chamois'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: chamois (aka rupicapra rupicapra)
B: chama savignyi (aka chama croceata)
C: canis chama (aka vulpes chama)
D: chamaita
E: chamaeleo
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Dissection of the phytohormonal regulation of trichome formation and biosynthesis of the antimalarial compound artemisinin in Artemisia annua plants.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'artemisia annua plants'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: artemisia persica
B: artemisia australis
C: artemisia annua (sweet wormwood) (aka artemisia annua)
D: artemisia aurata
E: artemisia atlantica
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context '* Biosynthesis of the sesquiterpene lactone and potent antimalarial drug artemisinin occurs in glandular trichomes of Artemisia annua plants and is subjected to a strict network of developmental and other regulatory cues.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'artemisia annua plants'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: artemisia arborescens
B: artemisia albierata (aka artemisia albicerata)
C: artemisia alba
D: artemisia atrovirens
E: sweet annie (aka artemisia annua)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context '* Biosynthesis of the sesquiterpene lactone and potent antimalarial drug artemisinin occurs in glandular trichomes of Artemisia annua plants and is subjected to a strict network of developmental and other regulatory cues.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'artemisia annua plants'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: artemisia
B: artemisia argillosa (artemisia argilosa) (aka artemisia argillosa)
C: artemisia aurata
D: artemisia persica
E: artemisia anomala
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The effects of three hormones, jasmonate, gibberellin and cytokinin, were studied at the structural and molecular levels in two different A. annua chemotypes by microscopic analysis of gland development, and by targeted metabolite and transcript profiling.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. annua'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: artemisia annua (sweet wormwood) (aka artemisia annua)
B: adonis annua (pheasant's-eye) (aka adonis annua)
C: anabasis annua
D: apantesis anna (anna tiger moth) (aka apantesis anna)
E: triumfetta annua
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'TFAR1 is potentially involved in cuticular wax formation during glandular trichome expansion in leaves and flowers of A. annua plants.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. annua plants'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: munnozia annua
B: poa annua
C: sophiopsis annua (aka smelowskia annua)
D: sweet annie (aka artemisia annua)
E: artemisia herba-alba (type 1)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Meiotic silencing by unpaired DNA is expressed more strongly in the early than the late perithecia of crosses involving most wild-isolated Neurospora crassa strains and in self-crosses of N. tetrasperma.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'neurospora crassa'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: tryella crassa
B: amyloporiella crassa (aka resinoporia crassa)
C: neurospora terricola
D: neurospora pannonica
E: chrysonilia crassa (aka neurospora crassa)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Meiotic silencing by unpaired DNA is expressed more strongly in the early than the late perithecia of crosses involving most wild-isolated Neurospora crassa strains and in self-crosses of N. tetrasperma.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'n. tetrasperma'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: nanoscypha tetraspora (cookeina tetraspora) (aka nanoscypha tetraspora)
B: ctenitis nervata (aspidium nervatum) (aka ctenitis nervata)
C: zendera tetrasperma (aka magnusiomyces tetraspermus)
D: neurospora tetraspora (gelasinospora tetrasperma) (aka neurospora tetraspora)
E: neurospora tetrasperma
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Eighty wild-isolated strains of Neurospora crassa were classified into three types based on the apparent strength of meiotic silencing of the bml (Beta-tubulin) and mei-3 genes in crosses with the ::Bml(r) and ::mei-3 tester strains.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'neurospora crassa'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: columnea crassa
B: neurospora nigeriensis
C: chrysonilia crassa (aka neurospora crassa)
D: neurospora stellata
E: sarcosphaera crassa (peziza crassa) (aka sarcosphaera crassa)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Using lollipop-shaped asci as indicators of silencing in crosses of the ::act tester with Esm type strains, and white-spored asci in Neurospora tetrasperma self-crosses heterozygous for an ectopic insertion of the asm-1 gene, we found that meiotic silencing was expressed more strongly in the early but not in the late perithecia of these crosses.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'neurospora tetrasperma'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: neurospora cerealis (gelasinospora cerealis) (aka neurospora cerealis)
B: zendera tetrasperma (aka magnusiomyces tetraspermus)
C: neurospora terricola
D: neurospora tetrasperma fgsc 2509
E: neurospora tetrasperma
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Accumulation of P-bodies in Candida albicans under different stress and filamentous growth conditions.
Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that grows as budding yeast, pseudohyphal, and hyphal forms.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'candida albicans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: oidium albicans (aka candida albicans)
B: xylesthia albicans
C: farigia albicans
D: cataglyphis albicans (formica albicans) (aka cataglyphis albicans)
E: argyra albicans
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Accumulation of P-bodies in Candida albicans under different stress and filamentous growth conditions.
Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that grows as budding yeast, pseudohyphal, and hyphal forms.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'candida albicans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cataglyphis albicans (formica albicans) (aka cataglyphis albicans)
B: typhlocyba albicans
C: fibroporia albicans
D: parasaccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
E: athletes albicans
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In response to external signals, C. albicans switches rapidly among these forms.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. albicans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: typhlocyba albicans
B: fibroporia albicans
C: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
D: athletes albicans
E: pseudocandona albicans (candona albicans) (aka pseudocandona albicans)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'mRNA-containing cytoplasmic granules, termed processing bodies (P-bodies), have been reported to accumulate under various environmental stress conditions in diverse species from yeast to mammals.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: saccharomycodes
B: mycoderma cerevisiae (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
C: saccharomyces arboricola (saccharomyces arboricola f.y. bai & s.a. wang, 2008) (aka saccharomyces arboricola)
D: saccharomyces ovalis (aka malassezia furfur)
E: saccharomyces fermentati (aka torulaspora delbrueckii)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'mRNA-containing cytoplasmic granules, termed processing bodies (P-bodies), have been reported to accumulate under various environmental stress conditions in diverse species from yeast to mammals.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: saccharomyces globosus (aka saccharomyces uvarum)
B: saccharomyces ovalis (aka malassezia furfur)
C: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
D: saccharomyces drosophilarum (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
E: torulaspora hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Here, we provide the first microscopic and genetic characterization of P-bodies in C. albicans.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. albicans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mycotorula albicans (aka candida albicans)
B: cyathopsis albicans (styphelia albicans) (aka cyathopsis albicans)
C: fibroporia albicans
D: ficinia albicans
E: ozoroa albicans
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These results suggest that Edc3 plays an essential role in the assembly and maintenance of P-bodies in C. albicans, and that the switch to filamentous growth appears to accompany P-body accumulation.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c. albicans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ficinia albicans
B: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
C: cyathopsis albicans (styphelia albicans) (aka cyathopsis albicans)
D: fibroporia albicans
E: athletes albicans
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A heme peroxidase of the ascomyceteous lichen Leptogium saturninum oxidizes high-redox potential substrates.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'leptogium saturninum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cheilotrema saturnum (amblodon saturnus) (aka cheilotrema saturnum)
B: lindnera saturnus (aka cyberlindnera saturnus)
C: leptogium bacatum
D: lampsilis satura (unio satur) (aka lampsilis satura)
E: leptogium saturninum (lichen saturninus) (aka leptogium saturninum)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The lichen peroxidase was purified to homogeneity from the thallus of Leptogium saturninum (LsaPOX) by fast protein liquid chromatography and then partially characterized.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'leptogium saturninum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lichen saturninus (aka leptogium saturninum)
B: leptogium juressianum
C: leptogium bellum
D: lindnera saturnus (aka cyberlindnera saturnus)
E: amblodon saturnus (aka cheilotrema saturnum)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Comparing LsaPOX with a basidiomycete dye-decolorizing (DyP)-type peroxidase from Auricularia auricula-judae showed that the lichen enzyme has a high-redox potential, with oxidation capabilities ranging between those of known plant and fungal peroxidases.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'auricularia auricula-judae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: apatania auricula (apatelia auricula) (aka apatania auricula)
B: marcetia auricularia
C: auricularia auricula-judae (bull.) quel., 1886 (aka auricularia auricula-judae)
D: pilea auricularis
E: amage auricula
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Internal peptide fragments show homology (up to 60%) with putative proteins from free-living ascomycetes (e.g. Penicillium marneffei and Neosartorya fischeri), but not to sequences of algal or cyanobacterial peptides or to known fungal, bacterial or plant peroxidases.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'penicillium marneffei'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: penicillium marneffei atcc 18224 (aka talaromyces marneffei atcc 18224)
B: penicillium flavigenum
C: penicillium madriti (penicillium matriti) (aka penicillium madriti)
D: penicillium mexicanum
E: penicillium marneffei (aka talaromyces marneffei)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Internal peptide fragments show homology (up to 60%) with putative proteins from free-living ascomycetes (e.g. Penicillium marneffei and Neosartorya fischeri), but not to sequences of algal or cyanobacterial peptides or to known fungal, bacterial or plant peroxidases.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'neosartorya fischeri'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: neosartorya fischeri (aka aspergillus fischeri)
B: neosartorya aureola (aka aspergillus aureolus)
C: neosartorya fennelliae (aka aspergillus fennelliae)
D: neosartorya fischeri var. glabra (aka aspergillus neoglaber)
E: neosartorya fischeri nrrl 181 (aka aspergillus fischeri nrrl 181)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context '3. We contribute a large set of field data on Metaphycus luteolus Timberlake (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), an endoparasitoid of soft scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccidae), which has sex allocation conditional on host quality and female-biased brood sex ratios.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'metaphycus luteolus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: myceliophthora lutea (chrysosporium luteum) (aka myceliophthora lutea)
B: aphycus luteolus (aka metaphycus luteolus)
C: mesabolivar luteus
D: phytoliriomyza luteola
E: tumebacillus luteolus
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context '4. Thirty per cent of M. luteolus offspring die during development with 65% of this mortality because of encapsulation and 28% because of larval competition.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'm. luteolus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: metaphycus luteolus (aphycus luteolus) (aka metaphycus luteolus)
B: medicago murex
C: tumebacillus luteolus
D: malephora lutea
E: mesabolivar luteus
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The reproductive and developmental biology of M. luteolus appears to be influenced by a complex interplay of maternal clutch size and sex allocation strategies, offspring-offspring developmental interactions, host defence mechanisms and postemergence mating behaviour.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'm. luteolus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: medicago murex
B: malephora lutea
C: cryptococcus luteolus (aka hannaella luteola)
D: medicago lupulina
E: aphycus luteolus (aka metaphycus luteolus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The reproductive and developmental biology of M. luteolus appears to be influenced by a complex interplay of maternal clutch size and sex allocation strategies, offspring-offspring developmental interactions, host defence mechanisms and postemergence mating behaviour.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'm. luteolus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: metapochonia lutea
B: medicago murex
C: foetidibacter luteolus
D: marasmius luteolus
E: vigna luteola
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Profile of the mosaic element BTMR1 in the genome of the bumble bee Bombus terrestris (Hymenoptera: Apidae).
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bombus terrestris'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bombus confusus (bombus paradoxus) (aka bombus confusus)
B: large earth bumblebee (aka bombus terrestris)
C: bombus montivagus (aka bombus trifasciatus)
D: bombus terrestris africanus
E: bombus orientalis (aka bombus haemorrhoidalis)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Co-evolution involving a mariner transposon, Botmar1 and the other repeats contained in the Bombus terrestris genome was investigated.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bombus terrestris'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bombus funebris
B: bombus orientalis (aka bombus haemorrhoidalis)
C: apis terrestris (aka bombus terrestris)
D: bombus terrestris africanus
E: bombus terricola
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We found that the 5'-region of Botmar1 forms one of the components of a mosaic element, known as B. terrestris mosaic repeat 1 (BTMR1), which is also composed of inner segments originating from two different retrotransposons and a pseudogene corresponding to an RNA methyltransferase cDNA.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'b. terrestris'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: hymenobacter terrestris
B: tribulus terrestris
C: thraustotheca terrestris
D: bombus terrestris (large earth bumblebee) (aka bombus terrestris)
E: bombus terrestris calabricus
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In this study, we used extensive expressed sequence tag evidence obtained through 454 and Solexa next-generation sequencing to explore mtDNA transcription in male and female first instar larvae of Aedes aegypti and adults of Aedes aegypti, Anopheles gambiae, and Anopheles quadrimaculatus.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aedes aegypti'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aedes aegypti (aedes (stegomyia) aegypti) (aka aedes aegypti)
B: culex niveus (aka aedes niveus)
C: aedes flavivirus
D: culex ochraceus (aka aedes ochraceus)
E: culex alboannulatus (aka aedes alboannulatus)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In this study, we used extensive expressed sequence tag evidence obtained through 454 and Solexa next-generation sequencing to explore mtDNA transcription in male and female first instar larvae of Aedes aegypti and adults of Aedes aegypti, Anopheles gambiae, and Anopheles quadrimaculatus.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aedes aegypti'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aedes rossicus
B: culex niveus (aka aedes niveus)
C: aedes aegypti (aedes (stegomyia) aegypti) (aka aedes aegypti)
D: culex vittatus (aka aedes vittatus)
E: aedes aegypti queenslandensis (aka aedes aegypti aegypti)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In this study, we used extensive expressed sequence tag evidence obtained through 454 and Solexa next-generation sequencing to explore mtDNA transcription in male and female first instar larvae of Aedes aegypti and adults of Aedes aegypti, Anopheles gambiae, and Anopheles quadrimaculatus.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'anopheles gambiae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: anopheles nigerrimus
B: anopheles (aka anopheles <genus>)
C: anopheles persiensis
D: anopheles gambiae sensu stricto (aka anopheles gambiae)
E: american malaria mosquito (aka anopheles darlingi)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In this study, we used extensive expressed sequence tag evidence obtained through 454 and Solexa next-generation sequencing to explore mtDNA transcription in male and female first instar larvae of Aedes aegypti and adults of Aedes aegypti, Anopheles gambiae, and Anopheles quadrimaculatus.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'anopheles quadrimaculatus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: anopheles quadrimaculatus a
B: alarcta quadrimacula
C: anopheles quadrimaculatus (common malaria mosquito) (aka anopheles quadrimaculatus)
D: disparoneura quadrimaculata (argia quadrimaculata) (aka disparoneura quadrimaculata)
E: anopheles quadriannulatus
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Quantitative PCR analysis of selected genes, cox1, l-rRNA and nd5, in larvae and adults of Ae. aegypti and in An. gambiae adults was consistent with the RNA-Seq-based quantification of expression.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'ae. aegypti'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aedes malayi (aka culex malayi)
B: yellow fever mosquito (aka aedes aegypti)
C: aedes flavopictus
D: culex niveus (aka aedes niveus)
E: culex ochraceus (aka aedes ochraceus)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Quantitative PCR analysis of selected genes, cox1, l-rRNA and nd5, in larvae and adults of Ae. aegypti and in An. gambiae adults was consistent with the RNA-Seq-based quantification of expression.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'an. gambiae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aedes africanus (stegomyia africanus) (aka aedes africanus)
B: anopheles gambiae sensu stricto (aka anopheles gambiae)
C: anopheles arabiensis
D: anopheles ainshamsi
E: mosquito (aka anopheles cruzii)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Comparative immunofluorescence and ultrastructural analysis of microtubule organization in Uronema sp., Klebsormidium flaccidum, K. subtilissimum, Stichococcus bacillaris and S. chloranthus (Chlorophyta).
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'klebsormidium flaccidum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: klebsormidium delicatum
B: anaphalis flaccida
C: klebsormidium elegans
D: klebsormidium
E: ulothrix flaccida (aka klebsormidium flaccidum)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Comparative immunofluorescence and ultrastructural analysis of microtubule organization in Uronema sp., Klebsormidium flaccidum, K. subtilissimum, Stichococcus bacillaris and S. chloranthus (Chlorophyta).
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'klebsormidium flaccidum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: collema flaccidum (lichen flaccidus) (aka collema flaccidum)
B: cryptantha flaccida
C: klyxum flaccidum (alcyonium flaccidum) (aka klyxum flaccidum)
D: klebsormidium delicatum
E: coelogyne flaccida
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Comparative immunofluorescence and ultrastructural analysis of microtubule organization in Uronema sp., Klebsormidium flaccidum, K. subtilissimum, Stichococcus bacillaris and S. chloranthus (Chlorophyta).
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'k. subtilissimum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: kundakimuka
B: oscillatoria subtilissima (aka jaaginema subtilissimum)
C: mus subtilis (aka sicista subtilis)
D: ulothrix subtilissima (aka klebsormidium subtilissimum)
E: kluyveromyces fragilis (aka kluyveromyces marxianus)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Comparative immunofluorescence and ultrastructural analysis of microtubule organization in Uronema sp., Klebsormidium flaccidum, K. subtilissimum, Stichococcus bacillaris and S. chloranthus (Chlorophyta).
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'stichococcus bacillaris'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: phenacoccus baccharidis
B: bracteacoccus aerius
C: cotoneaster bacillaris
D: stichococcus bacillaris
E: nannochloris bacillaris
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Comparative immunofluorescence and ultrastructural analysis of microtubule organization in Uronema sp., Klebsormidium flaccidum, K. subtilissimum, Stichococcus bacillaris and S. chloranthus (Chlorophyta).
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 's. chloranthus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: stichococcus chloranthus
B: scaphyglottis chlorantha
C: strychnos chlorantha
D: streptomyces chlorus
E: streptanthus
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A detailed comparative examination of microtubule (MT) organization in interphase and dividing cells of Uronema sp., Klebsormidium flaccidum, K. subtilissimum, Stichococcus bacillaris and S. chloranthus was made using tubulin immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'klebsormidium flaccidum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: klebsormidium elegans
B: ulothrix flaccida (aka klebsormidium flaccidum)
C: hebeloma flaccidum
D: klebsormidium delicatum
E: meteorium flaccidum (aka floribundaria flaccida)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A detailed comparative examination of microtubule (MT) organization in interphase and dividing cells of Uronema sp., Klebsormidium flaccidum, K. subtilissimum, Stichococcus bacillaris and S. chloranthus was made using tubulin immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'k. subtilissimum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lyngbya subtilissima (aka leptolyngbya subtilissima)
B: ulothrix subtilissima (aka klebsormidium subtilissimum)
C: mucor subtilissimus
D: klebsiella mobilis (aka klebsiella aerogenes)
E: mus subtilis (aka sicista subtilis)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A detailed comparative examination of microtubule (MT) organization in interphase and dividing cells of Uronema sp., Klebsormidium flaccidum, K. subtilissimum, Stichococcus bacillaris and S. chloranthus was made using tubulin immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'stichococcus bacillaris'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: nannochloris bacillaris
B: bracteacoccus aerius
C: baccharis scopulorum
D: opechona bacillaris (distomum bacillare) (aka opechona bacillaris)
E: stichococcus bacillaris
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A detailed comparative examination of microtubule (MT) organization in interphase and dividing cells of Uronema sp., Klebsormidium flaccidum, K. subtilissimum, Stichococcus bacillaris and S. chloranthus was made using tubulin immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 's. chloranthus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: echinocereus chloranthus
B: jobinia chlorantha
C: stichococcus chloranthus
D: streptomyces chlorus
E: salinicoccus albus
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Aerenchyma formation in the rice stem and its promotion by H2O2.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: indian rice (aka oryza sativa indica group)
B: red rice (aka oryza sativa)
C: ricegrass (aka oryzopsis)
D: oryzihumus
E: african wild rice (aka oryza barthii)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In rice (Oryza sativa), aerenchyma develop by cell death and lysis, which are poorly understood at the cellular level.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: red rice (aka oryza sativa)
B: oryza glaberrima (african rice) (aka oryza glaberrima)
C: oryza officinalis
D: red rice (aka oryza longistaminata)
E: indian rice (aka oryza sativa indica group)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In rice (Oryza sativa), aerenchyma develop by cell death and lysis, which are poorly understood at the cellular level.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'oryza sativa'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: oryza sativa (asian cultivated rice) (aka oryza sativa)
B: african rice (aka oryza glaberrima)
C: rice bean (aka vigna umbellata)
D: red rice (aka oryza longistaminata)
E: oryza perennis
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In rice (Oryza sativa), aerenchyma develop by cell death and lysis, which are poorly understood at the cellular level.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'oryza sativa'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: oryza officinalis
B: ricegrass (aka oryzopsis)
C: red rice (aka oryza longistaminata)
D: oryzihumus
E: african wild rice (aka oryza barthii)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Aerenchyma formation was studied in rice stems by light microscopy.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: oryza rufipogon (common wild rice) (aka oryza rufipogon)
B: african rice (aka oryza glaberrima)
C: african wild rice (aka oryza barthii)
D: red rice (aka oryza sativa)
E: red rice (aka oryza longistaminata)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Aerenchyma develop constitutively in all internodes of the deep-water rice variety Pin Gaew 56, but are absent from the nodes.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: indian rice (aka oryza sativa indica group)
B: oryza glaberrima (african rice) (aka oryza glaberrima)
C: asian cultivated rice (aka oryza sativa)
D: african wild rice (aka oryza barthii)
E: oryza rufipogon (common wild rice) (aka oryza rufipogon)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Constitutive aerenchyma formation was also observed in two lowland rice varieties, albeit to a lesser degree.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rice'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: oryza glaberrima (african rice) (aka oryza glaberrima)
B: oryzihumus
C: indian rice (aka oryza sativa indica group)
D: red rice (aka oryza longistaminata)
E: oryza sativa (asian cultivated rice) (aka oryza sativa)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Competitive interactions shape offspring performance in relation to seasonal timing of emergence in Atlantic salmon.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'atlantic salmon'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: oncorhynchus nerka (sockeye salmon) (aka oncorhynchus nerka)
B: salmoneus
C: atlantic salmon (aka salmo salar)
D: coho salmon (aka oncorhynchus kisutch)
E: salmo nasus (aka coregonus nasus)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'By manipulating incubation temperature of Atlantic salmon embryos, and hence controlling for maternal and genetic effects, we obtained offspring emerging from nests prior to (accelerated), during and after (decelerated) normal emergence times, and accordingly experienced widely different seasonal environmental conditions at emergence (stream temperature range 4-16 ^0C).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'atlantic salmon'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: atlantic salmon (aka salmo salar)
B: chum salmon (aka oncorhynchus keta)
C: king salmon (aka oncorhynchus tshawytscha)
D: salmo nasus (aka coregonus nasus)
E: salmonids (aka salmonidae)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These results suggest that the performance of offspring in relation to seasonal timing of emergence is highly affected by competitive interactions in Atlantic salmon.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'atlantic salmon'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: salmoneus
B: atlantic salmon (aka salmo salar)
C: salmo gilae (aka oncorhynchus gilae)
D: king salmon (aka oncorhynchus tshawytscha)
E: coho salmon (aka oncorhynchus kisutch)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Facing unknowns: living cultures (Pirum gemmata gen. nov., sp. nov., and Abeoforma whisleri, gen. nov., sp. nov.) from invertebrate digestive tracts represent an undescribed clade within the unicellular Opisthokont lineage ichthyosporea (Mesomycetozoea).
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pirum gemmata gen. nov., sp. nov.'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: pirum gemmata
B: piaranthus geminatus
C: maba geminata (aka diospyros geminata)
D: turbinella gemmata (aka peristernia gemmata)
E: pezizella gemmarum (aka gemmina gemmarum)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Facing unknowns: living cultures (Pirum gemmata gen. nov., sp. nov., and Abeoforma whisleri, gen. nov., sp. nov.) from invertebrate digestive tracts represent an undescribed clade within the unicellular Opisthokont lineage ichthyosporea (Mesomycetozoea).
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'abeoforma whisleri, gen. nov., sp. nov.'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: anabaena fertilissima bta35 (aka trichormus fertilissimus bta35)
B: abeoforma whisleri (ichthyosporea sp. atcc pra-280) (aka abeoforma whisleri)
C: bauldia sp.
D: ophiozonella subtilis
E: trichormus fertilissimus (anabaena fertilissima) (aka trichormus fertilissimus)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We used light and electron microscopy to describe the isolates as new genera and species Pirum gemmata and Abeoforma whisleri.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pirum gemmata'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: idaea gemmata (zeuctoneura geminata) (aka idaea gemmata)
B: russula gemmata
C: tepidamorphus gemmatus
D: pirum gemmata
E: carposina gemmata
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We used light and electron microscopy to describe the isolates as new genera and species Pirum gemmata and Abeoforma whisleri.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'abeoforma whisleri'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: kessleria hauderi
B: corydoras fowleri
C: balantidion foissneri
D: abeoforma whisleri (ichthyosporea sp. atcc pra-280) (aka abeoforma whisleri)
E: naegleria fowleri (brain-eating amoeba) (aka naegleria fowleri)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We used light and electron microscopy to describe the isolates as new genera and species Pirum gemmata and Abeoforma whisleri.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'abeoforma whisleri'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: antichiropus whistleri
B: boidinia furfuracea (hypochnus furfuraceus) (aka boidinia furfuracea)
C: corydoras fowleri
D: balantidion foissneri
E: hemiboea follicularis
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A. whisleri had a complex life cycle that remains incompletely known but involved walled spherical cells, plasmodia and amoebae.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. whisleri'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: antheraea sahi (antheraea paniki sahi) (aka antheraea sahi)
B: hartigia helleri
C: eukrohnia fowleri
D: atlanticus helleri
E: antheraea visayarissa
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In contrast P. gemmata had a less complex life cycle with no amoeboid or plasmodial stages.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'p. gemmata'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: diospyros geminata (maba geminata) (aka diospyros geminata)
B: pterygioteuthis gemmata
C: mycamoeba gemmipara
D: pirum gemmata
E: mesobdella gemmata
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'By comparing P. gemmata and A. whisleri to other ichthyosporea we speculate on the characters that may have been present in the ancestral ichthyosporean.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'p. gemmata'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: amanita gemmata (agaricus gemmatus) (aka amanita gemmata)
B: pirum gemmata
C: pseudomalbranchea gemmata
D: protomyctophum gemmatum
E: reticulamoeba gemmipara
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'By comparing P. gemmata and A. whisleri to other ichthyosporea we speculate on the characters that may have been present in the ancestral ichthyosporean.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. whisleri'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aspergillus cerealis
B: hartigia helleri
C: atlanticus helleri
D: antheraea sahi (antheraea paniki sahi) (aka antheraea sahi)
E: ammothella indica
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'P. gemmata and A. whisleri illustrate the unique and diverse forms that can be found by capturing taxa belonging to divergent and uncultured lineages.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'p. gemmata'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: maba geminata (aka diospyros geminata)
B: mycamoeba gemmipara
C: reticulamoeba gemmipara
D: microgramma geminata (polypodium geminatum) (aka microgramma geminata)
E: pirum gemmata
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'P. gemmata and A. whisleri illustrate the unique and diverse forms that can be found by capturing taxa belonging to divergent and uncultured lineages.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'a. whisleri'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aspergillus asclerogenus
B: alternanthera indica
C: aspergillus cerealis
D: acropora awi
E: alviniconcha hessleri
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Growth and reproductive costs of larval defence in the aposematic lepidopteran Pieris brassicae.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pieris brassicae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cabbage white (aka pieris rapae)
B: pieris erutae
C: pieris brassicae (large cabbage white) (aka pieris brassicae)
D: pieris brassicae ottonis
E: pieris brassicae crucivora (aka pieris rapae crucivora)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Here, we raised larvae of the common crop pest Pieris brassicae on commercial cabbage leaves, simulated predator attacks throughout the larval period, and measured life-history responses.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pieris brassicae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: papilio brassicae (aka pieris brassicae)
B: cabbage white (aka pieris rapae)
C: pieris brassicae ottonis
D: pieris erutae
E: pieris rapae rapae
F: None of the above. | A |
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