instruction stringlengths 145 921 | input stringlengths 76 601 | response stringclasses 6 values |
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<Instruct>: Given the context 'Using a panel of well-characterized sera and a collection of retrospective samples obtained during the dengue epidemics that occurred in Belem, Brazil, between 2002 and 2009, a modified immunoglobulin M-specific capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Rapid-MAC-ELISA) was evaluated and compared with the "gold standard" MAC-ELISA, in order to assess the specificity, sensitivity, stability, reproducibility and cost-effectiveness of this new assay.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'dengue'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: dengue virus
B: yellow fever mosquito (aka aedes aegypti)
C: dengue viruses (aka dengue virus group)
D: dengue virus type 4 (dengue type 4 virus den4) (aka dengue virus type 4)
E: dengue virus serotype 3 (aka dengue virus type 3)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Furthermore, the Rapid-MAC-ELISA can be used for the diagnosis of dengue virus infections in resource-limited areas where dengue is endemic.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'dengue virus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: dengue virus
B: dengue virus 4 (aka dengue virus type 4)
C: denalis virus
D: dengue virus serotype 2 (aka dengue virus type 2)
E: drosophila a virus
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Furthermore, the Rapid-MAC-ELISA can be used for the diagnosis of dengue virus infections in resource-limited areas where dengue is endemic.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'dengue'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: dengue virus 2 (aka dengue virus type 2)
B: dengue 3 virus (aka dengue virus type 3)
C: dengue virus
D: dengue viruses (aka dengue virus group)
E: type 1 dengue virus den-1 (aka dengue virus type 1)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Identification of an extracellular polysaccharide network essential for cytochrome anchoring and biofilm formation in Geobacter sulfurreducens.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'geobacter sulfurreducens'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: sulfitobacter geojensis
B: geosporobacter ferrireducens
C: geobacter pelophilus (aka geoanaerobacter pelophilus)
D: geobacter sulfurreducens
E: geobacter metallireducens
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Transposon insertions in Geobacter sulfurreducens GSU1501, part of an ATP-dependent exporter within an operon of polysaccharide biosynthesis genes, were previously shown to eliminate insoluble Fe(III) reduction and use of an electrode as an electron acceptor.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'geobacter sulfurreducens'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: geobacter thiogenes (aka trichlorobacter thiogenes)
B: geosporobacter subterraneus
C: geobacter sulfurreducens
D: geobacter metallireducens
E: geobacter pelophilus (aka geoanaerobacter pelophilus)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Scanning electron microscopy revealed fibrils surrounding wild-type G. sulfurreducens which were absent from the Delta1501 mutant.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'g. sulfurreducens'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: geobacter sulfurreducens
B: sphingomicrobium nitratireducens
C: geobacter hydrogenophilus
D: geobacter anodireducens
E: gluconobacter vitians
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In the present study we explore the diversity of dinoflagellates in Lake Baikal by identifying and analyzing dinoflagellate sequences for 18S rDNA and ITS-2 from total DNA extracted from three species of endemic Baikalian sponges (Baikalospongia intermedia, Baikalospongia recta and Lubomirskia incrustans).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'baikalospongia intermedia'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: brachyspira intermedia (serpulina intermedia) (aka brachyspira intermedia)
B: ischiolepta intermedia
C: physostegia intermedia
D: blastodendrion intermedium cif. & ashford, 1929 (aka sungouiella intermedia)
E: baikalospongia intermedia
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In the present study we explore the diversity of dinoflagellates in Lake Baikal by identifying and analyzing dinoflagellate sequences for 18S rDNA and ITS-2 from total DNA extracted from three species of endemic Baikalian sponges (Baikalospongia intermedia, Baikalospongia recta and Lubomirskia incrustans).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'baikalospongia recta'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: aphrania recta
B: pucialia rectilinea (aka iscadia rectilinea)
C: stachys recta
D: holospora recta
E: baikalospongia recta
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In the present study we explore the diversity of dinoflagellates in Lake Baikal by identifying and analyzing dinoflagellate sequences for 18S rDNA and ITS-2 from total DNA extracted from three species of endemic Baikalian sponges (Baikalospongia intermedia, Baikalospongia recta and Lubomirskia incrustans).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'lubomirskia incrustans'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mycobernardia incrustans (galzinia incrustans) (aka mycobernardia incrustans)
B: lubomirskia incrustans
C: pachydictyum incrustans
D: kronides incumbens
E: vetulina incrustans
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In addition,Gyrodinium helveticum, representatives from the genus Gymnodinium, dinoflagellates close to the family Pfiesteriaceae, and a few dinoflagellates without definite affiliation were detected.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'gyrodinium helveticum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: anthaxia helvetica
B: gyrodinium helveticum (gymnodinium helveticum) (aka gyrodinium helveticum)
C: gyrodinium jinhaense
D: glomeris helvetica
E: gyalideopsis helvetica
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In addition,Gyrodinium helveticum, representatives from the genus Gymnodinium, dinoflagellates close to the family Pfiesteriaceae, and a few dinoflagellates without definite affiliation were detected.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'gyrodinium helveticum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: glomeris helvetica
B: gyrodinium jinhaense
C: gyalideopsis helvetica
D: gymnopternus helveticus
E: gyrodinium rubrum (gymnodinium rubrum) (aka gyrodinium rubrum)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A recombinant measles virus unable to antagonize STAT1 function cannot control inflammation and is attenuated in rhesus monkeys.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'measles virus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mev (aka mink enteritis virus) (aka mink enteritis virus)
B: measles virus (strain halle) (aka measles virus strain halle)
C: moyer virus
D: marr virus
E: measles virus (aka measles morbillivirus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A recombinant measles virus unable to antagonize STAT1 function cannot control inflammation and is attenuated in rhesus monkeys.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rhesus monkeys'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: macaca cynomolgus (aka macaca fascicularis)
B: red-tailed monkey (aka cercopithecus ascanius)
C: macaque (aka macaca)
D: monkey (aka cercopithecidae)
E: macaca mulatta (cercopithecus mulatta) (aka macaca mulatta)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The measles virus (MV) P gene encodes three proteins (P, V, and C) that interfere with innate immunity, controlling STAT1, STAT2, mda5, and perhaps other key regulators of immune function.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'measles virus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: measles virus (strain halle) (aka measles virus strain halle)
B: small ruminant morbillivirus (aka morbillivirus caprinae)
C: mawson virus
D: rubella virus
E: measles morbillivirus (cell-associated subacute sclerosing panencephalitis) (aka measles morbillivirus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The measles virus (MV) P gene encodes three proteins (P, V, and C) that interfere with innate immunity, controlling STAT1, STAT2, mda5, and perhaps other key regulators of immune function.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mv'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: measles virus mv (aka measles morbillivirus)
B: myeloblastosis-associated virus (aka avian myeloblastosis-associated virus)
C: morreton virus (aka vesiculovirus morreton)
D: mvule (aka milicia excelsa)
E: meno virus
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This information was used to generate a recombinant measles virus unable to antagonize STAT1 function (STAT1-blind MV) differing only in these three residues from a wild-type strain of well-defined virulence.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'measles virus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mev (aka mink enteritis virus) (aka mink enteritis virus)
B: rougeole virus (aka measles morbillivirus)
C: moyer virus
D: morbillivirus (morbilliviruses) (aka morbillivirus)
E: measles virus (strain halle) (aka measles virus strain halle)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This information was used to generate a recombinant measles virus unable to antagonize STAT1 function (STAT1-blind MV) differing only in these three residues from a wild-type strain of well-defined virulence.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mv'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: morreton virus (aka vesiculovirus morreton)
B: veltheimia mosaic virus
C: mvule (aka milicia excelsa)
D: rubeola virus (aka measles morbillivirus)
E: mev (aka mink enteritis virus) (aka mink enteritis virus)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'When a group of six rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) was inoculated intranasally with STAT1-blind MV, viremia was short-lived, and the skin rash and other clinical signs observed with wild-type MV were absent.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rhesus monkeys'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: crab-eating macaque (aka macaca fascicularis)
B: monkey (aka cercopithecidae)
C: macaca (macaques) (aka macaca)
D: rhesus monkey (aka macaca mulatta)
E: capuchin monkeys (aka cebus)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'When a group of six rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) was inoculated intranasally with STAT1-blind MV, viremia was short-lived, and the skin rash and other clinical signs observed with wild-type MV were absent.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'macaca mulatta'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: macaca maura (macaca maurus) (aka macaca maura)
B: rhesus macaque (aka macaca mulatta)
C: macaca cynomolgus (aka macaca fascicularis)
D: macaca sylvanus (barbary macaque) (aka macaca sylvanus)
E: macaca (macaques) (aka macaca)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'When a group of six rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) was inoculated intranasally with STAT1-blind MV, viremia was short-lived, and the skin rash and other clinical signs observed with wild-type MV were absent.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mv'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mev (aka mink enteritis virus) (aka mink enteritis virus)
B: measles virus (aka measles morbillivirus)
C: murine parvovirus (aka minute virus of mice)
D: mirabilis mosaic virus
E: meno virus
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'When a group of six rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) was inoculated intranasally with STAT1-blind MV, viremia was short-lived, and the skin rash and other clinical signs observed with wild-type MV were absent.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mv'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: rubeola virus (aka measles morbillivirus)
B: vanmv (aka vanilla mosaic virus)
C: menangle virus
D: murine minute virus (strain mvmi)
E: mirabilis mosaic virus
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'When a group of six rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) was inoculated intranasally with STAT1-blind MV, viremia was short-lived, and the skin rash and other clinical signs observed with wild-type MV were absent.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mv'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: myeloblastosis-associated virus (aka avian myeloblastosis-associated virus)
B: morreton virus (aka vesiculovirus morreton)
C: mice minute virus (aka minute virus of mice)
D: mirabilis mosaic virus
E: murine minute virus (strain mvmi)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Importantly, neutralizing antibody titers and MV-specific T-cell responses were equivalent in hosts infected with either virus.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mv'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: measles virus (aka measles morbillivirus)
B: morreton virus (aka vesiculovirus morreton)
C: mirabilis mosaic virus
D: mink enteritis virus (mev (aka mink enteritis virus))
E: murine minute virus (strain mvmi)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These findings indicate that efficient MV interactions with STAT1 are required to sustain virulence in a natural host by controlling the inflammatory response against the virus.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mv'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: meno virus
B: rubeola virus (aka measles morbillivirus)
C: macmv (aka maclura mosaic virus)
D: myeloblastosis-associated virus (aka avian myeloblastosis-associated virus)
E: menangle virus
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'They also suggest that selectively STAT1-blind MV may have utility as vectors for targeted oncolysis and vaccination.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mv'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: measles virus mv (aka measles morbillivirus)
B: veltheimia mosaic virus
C: menangle virus
D: morreton virus (aka vesiculovirus morreton)
E: mev (aka mink enteritis virus) (aka mink enteritis virus)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Genome-wide inventory of metal homeostasis-related gene products including a functional phytochelatin synthase in the hypogeous mycorrhizal fungus Tuber melanosporum.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'tuber melanosporum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: picoa melospora (aka tuber melosporum)
B: glomus melanosporum
C: monotagma tuberosum
D: tuber xanthomonosporum
E: tuber melanosporum (perigord truffle) (aka tuber melanosporum)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Building upon the genome sequence of Tuber melanosporum and on transcriptome analyses, we set out to systematically identify metal homeostasis-related genes in this plant-symbiotic ascomycete.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'tuber melanosporum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: tuber melanosporum (perigord truffle) (aka tuber melanosporum)
B: tuber melanorufum
C: agaricus melanosporus (secotium melanosporum) (aka agaricus melanosporus)
D: triepeolus melanarius
E: tuber macrosporum
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The latter class includes a small-size metallothionein (TmelMT) that was functionally validated in yeast, and phytochelatin synthase (TmelPCS), the first enzyme of this kind to be described in filamentous ascomycetes.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: saccharomyces fermentati (aka torulaspora delbrueckii)
B: saccharomyces italicus (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
C: saccharomyces globosus (aka saccharomyces uvarum)
D: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
E: saccharomyces arboricola (saccharomyces arboricola f.y. bai & s.a. wang, 2008) (aka saccharomyces arboricola)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Recombinant TmelPCS was shown to support GSH-dependent, metal-activated phytochelatin synthesis in vitro and to afford increased Cd/Cu tolerance to metal hypersensitive yeast strains.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: saccharomyces italicus (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
B: saccharomyces arboricola (saccharomyces arboricola f.y. bai & s.a. wang, 2008) (aka saccharomyces arboricola)
C: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
D: saccharomyces globosus (aka saccharomyces uvarum)
E: saccharomyces rouxii (aka zygosaccharomyces rouxii)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The human adenovirus E4orf4 protein is toxic in both human tumor cells and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: human (aka homo sapiens)
B: neanderthal man (aka homo sapiens neanderthalensis)
C: pediculus humanus (human louse) (aka pediculus humanus)
D: hominidae (great apes) (aka hominidae)
E: sphaeria humana (aka sordaria humana)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The human adenovirus E4orf4 protein is toxic in both human tumor cells and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'human'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: great apes (aka hominidae)
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: neandertal (aka homo sapiens neanderthalensis)
D: carcharhinus humani
E: humans (aka homo)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The human adenovirus E4orf4 protein is toxic in both human tumor cells and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'saccharomyces cerevisiae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: saccharomyces italicus (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
B: saccharomyces marxianus (aka kluyveromyces marxianus)
C: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
D: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
E: saccharomyces globosus (aka saccharomyces uvarum)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The human adenovirus E4orf4 protein is toxic in both human tumor cells and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'saccharomyces cerevisiae'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: saccharomyces marxianus (aka kluyveromyces marxianus)
B: saccharomyces paradoxus
C: saccharomyces rouxii (aka zygosaccharomyces rouxii)
D: megasphaera cerevisiae
E: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Previous studies indicated that most of this toxicity is dependent on an interaction of E4orf4 protein with the B55 class of regulatory subunits of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and in yeast with the B55 homolog Cdc55.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: saccharomycodes
B: saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883) (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
C: saccharomyces fermentati (aka torulaspora delbrueckii)
D: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
E: saccharomyces marxianus (aka kluyveromyces marxianus)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In both cases, amino-terminal polypeptides composed only of blade 1 and at least part of blade 2 were found to bind E4orf4 and overexpression blocked E4orf4 toxicity in yeast.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'yeast'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: brewer's yeast (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
B: saccharomyces fermentati (aka torulaspora delbrueckii)
C: saccharomyces drosophilarum (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
D: torulaspora hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
E: saccharomyces arboricola (saccharomyces arboricola f.y. bai & s.a. wang, 2008) (aka saccharomyces arboricola)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Accelerometry estimates field metabolic rate in giant Australian cuttlefish Sepia apama during breeding.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'giant australian cuttlefish'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: golden cuttlefish (aka acanthosepion esculentum)
B: golden weedfish (aka cristiceps aurantiacus)
C: giant australian cuttlefish (aka ascarosepion apama)
D: grey commodore (aka bhagadatta austenia)
E: sydney crayfish (aka euastacus australasiensis)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Accelerometry estimates field metabolic rate in giant Australian cuttlefish Sepia apama during breeding.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'sepia apama'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: adesmia spuma
B: apamea scoparia
C: sepia apama (aka ascarosepion apama)
D: austroclima sepia
E: cynips agama
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We combined two-dimensional accelerometry and swim-tunnel respirometry to estimate patterns of energy expenditure in giant Australian cuttlefish Sepia apama during breeding.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'giant australian cuttlefish'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: australian grey smooth-hound (aka mustelus ravidus)
B: golden cuttlefish (aka acanthosepion esculentum)
C: giant australian cuttlefish (aka ascarosepion apama)
D: chostonectes gigas
E: threadfin butterflyfish (aka chaetodon auriga)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We combined two-dimensional accelerometry and swim-tunnel respirometry to estimate patterns of energy expenditure in giant Australian cuttlefish Sepia apama during breeding.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'sepia apama'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: apela asema
B: fumaria sepium
C: sepia apama (aka ascarosepion apama)
D: pseudosperma melleum
E: apamea apameoides (aka oligia apameoides)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Predation is associated with variation in colour pattern, but not body shape or colour reflectance, in a rainbowfish (Melanotaenia australis).
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'rainbowfish'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mediterranean rainbow wrasse (aka coris julis)
B: red-striped rainbowfish (aka melanotaenia rubrostriatus)
C: red-finned rainbowfish (aka melanotaenia rubripinnis)
D: atlantic rainbow smelt (aka osmerus mordax mordax)
E: western rainbowfish (aka melanotaenia australis)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Predation is associated with variation in colour pattern, but not body shape or colour reflectance, in a rainbowfish (Melanotaenia australis).
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'melanotaenia australis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: paramphinome australis
B: melania australis (aka thiara australis)
C: tenagomysis australis
D: meuschenia australis (southern leatherjacket) (aka meuschenia australis)
E: melanotaenia australis (melanotaenia australis australis) (aka melanotaenia australis)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The western rainbowfish Melanotaenia australis exhibits marked sexual dimorphism - females are plain with a slender body, while males have striking coloration and are deeper in the body.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'western rainbowfish'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: gila trout (aka oncorhynchus gilae)
B: river trout (aka salmo trutta fario)
C: murray river rainbowfish (aka melanotaenia fluviatilis)
D: western rainbowfish (aka melanotaenia australis)
E: eastern rainbowfish (aka melanotaenia splendida splendida)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The western rainbowfish Melanotaenia australis exhibits marked sexual dimorphism - females are plain with a slender body, while males have striking coloration and are deeper in the body.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'melanotaenia australis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: hymenochaete australis
B: melissodes australis (aka diadasia australis)
C: austronereia australis
D: paramphinome australis
E: melanotaenia australis australis (aka melanotaenia australis)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The western rainbowfish Melanotaenia australis exhibits marked sexual dimorphism - females are plain with a slender body, while males have striking coloration and are deeper in the body.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'melanotaenia australis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: maoutia australis
B: axianassa australis
C: melania australis (aka thiara australis)
D: tenagomysis australis
E: paramphinome australis
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This paper describes a study designed to test for geographic structuring of male phenotype in M. australis and to determine whether between-population variation in male phenotype is attributable to variation in predation regime, after accounting for environment.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'm. australis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mytilidion australe (aka mytilinidion australe)
B: myrsine australis
C: malesiathrips australis
D: mitrodetus australis
E: myosurus australis
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context '4. We collected data describing habitat, and the size, activity and abundance of predators at sites containing M. australis populations.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'm. australis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: malesiathrips australis
B: macarthuria australis
C: martensia australis
D: mytilidion australe (aka mytilinidion australe)
E: maurillus australis
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Downstream environments posed higher predation risk to M. australis.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'm. australis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: maoutia australis
B: microstoma australis
C: metaxaglaea australis
D: mytilidion australe (aka mytilinidion australe)
E: macarthuria australis
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We conclude that natural selection by predators may be an important determinant of the evolution of colour pattern variation in M. australis, but not of that of body shape or colour reflectance.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'm. australis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: leptomithrax australis (maia australis) (aka leptomithrax australis)
B: brachymyrmex australis
C: metzgeria australis
D: martensia australis
E: maoutia australis
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Further study of M. australis will complement existing models, which show complex relationships between predation regime, environment and phenotype.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'm. australis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: melissodes australis (aka diadasia australis)
B: metzgeria australis
C: maoutia australis
D: myosurus australis
E: brachymyrmex australis
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Distribution and localization of microsatellites in the Perigord black truffle genome and identification of new molecular markers.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'perigord black truffle'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: black pomfret (aka parastromateus niger)
B: french truffle (aka tuber melanosporum)
C: ochtheosus fungicolus
D: perityle trichodonta
E: red-grained black truffle (aka tuber aestivum)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The level of genetic diversity and genetic structure in the Perigord black truffle (Tuber melanosporum Vittad.) has been debated for several years, mainly due to the lack of appropriate genetic markers.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'perigord black truffle'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: red-grained black truffle (aka tuber aestivum)
B: perigord truffle (aka tuber melanosporum)
C: black drum (aka pogonias cromis)
D: winter truffle (aka tuber brumale)
E: pogonus texanus
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The level of genetic diversity and genetic structure in the Perigord black truffle (Tuber melanosporum Vittad.) has been debated for several years, mainly due to the lack of appropriate genetic markers.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'tuber melanosporum vittad.'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: tuber melanosporum (perigord truffle) (aka tuber melanosporum)
B: tuber calosporum
C: tuber sphaerosporum
D: triepeolus melanarius
E: tuber melanoexcavatum
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In this study, we surveyed the T. melanosporum genome (1) to characterise its SSR pattern; (2) to compare it with SSR patterns found in 48 other fungal and three oomycetes genomes and (3) to identify new polymorphic SSR markers for population genetics.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 't. melanosporum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: penicillium melanosporum
B: trichoderma glaucum
C: trichocladium deosporum (aka torula deospora)
D: tuber melanosporum (perigord truffle) (aka tuber melanosporum)
E: trichosporum
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The T. melanosporum genome is rich in SSRs with 22,425 SSRs with mono-nucleotides being the most frequent motifs.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 't. melanosporum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: trichosporon oryzae (aka moesziomyces antarcticus)
B: perigord truffle (aka tuber melanosporum)
C: trichoderma chlamydosporum
D: helicosporium luteosporum
E: trichosporum
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The T. melanosporum genome is rich in SSRs with 22,425 SSRs with mono-nucleotides being the most frequent motifs.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 't. melanosporum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: trichocladium deosporum (aka torula deospora)
B: trichoderma glaucum
C: tuber melosporum (picoa melospora) (aka tuber melosporum)
D: trichoderma chlamydosporum
E: trichoderma album
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Sixty out of 135 PCR-amplified mono-, di-, tri-, tetra, penta, and hexa-nucleotides were polymorphic (44%) within black truffle populations and 27 were randomly selected and analysed on 139 T. melanosporum isolates from France, Italy and Spain.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'black truffle'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: red-grained black truffle (aka tuber aestivum)
B: turdus niger (aka lalage nigra)
C: melilotus infestus
D: gray truffle (aka tuber magnatum)
E: perigord truffle (aka tuber melanosporum)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Sixty out of 135 PCR-amplified mono-, di-, tri-, tetra, penta, and hexa-nucleotides were polymorphic (44%) within black truffle populations and 27 were randomly selected and analysed on 139 T. melanosporum isolates from France, Italy and Spain.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 't. melanosporum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: glomus melanosporum
B: tuber melanorufum
C: agaricus melanosporus (secotium melanosporum) (aka agaricus melanosporus)
D: perigord truffle (aka tuber melanosporum)
E: trichosporon oryzae (aka moesziomyces antarcticus)
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'One hundred and thirty-two different multilocus genotypes out of the 139 T. melanosporum isolates were identified and the genotypic diversity was high (0.999).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 't. melanosporum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: teichospora melanommoides
B: glomus melanosporum
C: trichosporon oryzae (aka moesziomyces antarcticus)
D: perigord truffle (aka tuber melanosporum)
E: tuber melanorufum
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In conclusion, SSRs developed in this study were highly polymorphic and our results showed that T. melanosporum is a species with an important genetic diversity, which is in agreement with its recently uncovered heterothallic mating system.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 't. melanosporum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: trichocladium deosporum (aka torula deospora)
B: trichosporum
C: tuber melanorufum
D: trichosporon
E: french truffle (aka tuber melanosporum)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'It was shown that a more sensitive indicator of effluent quality was a change in the abundance of attached ciliates with a narrow peristome (Vorticella infusionum and Opercularia coarctata), small flagellates and crawling ciliates (Acineria uncinata) feeding on flagellates.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'vorticella infusionum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: veillonella hominis
B: vorticella infusionum (aka vorticellides infusionum)
C: vittia salina
D: vorticella aequilata
E: vorticella striata
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Complete genome sequences of three Erwinia amylovora phages isolated in north america and a bacteriophage induced from an Erwinia tasmaniensis strain.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'erwinia amylovora'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: erwinia
B: erwinia aphidicola
C: erwinia amylovora (micrococcus amylovorus) (aka erwinia amylovora)
D: erwinia amylovora la637
E: erwinia carotovora (aka pectobacterium carotovorum)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Complete genome sequences of three Erwinia amylovora phages isolated in north america and a bacteriophage induced from an Erwinia tasmaniensis strain.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'erwinia tasmaniensis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: erwinia tasmaniensis
B: erwinia paradisiaca (aka musicola paradisiaca)
C: erwinia endophytica
D: erwinia aeris
E: erwinia
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Fire blight, a plant disease of economic importance caused by Erwinia amylovora, may be controlled by the application of bacteriophages.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'erwinia amylovora'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: erwinia carotovora (aka pectobacterium carotovorum)
B: bacillus amylovorus (aka erwinia amylovora)
C: erwinia mallotivora
D: erwinia amylovora 692
E: erwinia endophytica
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Here, we provide the complete genome sequences and the annotation of three E. amylovora-specific phages isolated in North America and genomic information about a bacteriophage induced by mitomycin C treatment of an Erwinia tasmaniensis strain that is antagonistic for E. amylovora.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'e. amylovora'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bacillus amylovorus (aka erwinia amylovora)
B: endlicheria piriformis (aka endlicheria pyriformis)
C: erwinia aphidicola
D: erwinia amylovora ea644
E: amylovorax
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Here, we provide the complete genome sequences and the annotation of three E. amylovora-specific phages isolated in North America and genomic information about a bacteriophage induced by mitomycin C treatment of an Erwinia tasmaniensis strain that is antagonistic for E. amylovora.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'erwinia tasmaniensis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: erwinia aeris
B: erwinia tasmaniensis
C: erwinia pyrifoliae
D: erwinia endophytica
E: bacillus tracheiphilus (aka erwinia tracheiphila)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Here, we provide the complete genome sequences and the annotation of three E. amylovora-specific phages isolated in North America and genomic information about a bacteriophage induced by mitomycin C treatment of an Erwinia tasmaniensis strain that is antagonistic for E. amylovora.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'erwinia tasmaniensis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: erwinia pyri
B: erwinia herbicola (aka pantoea agglomerans)
C: erwinia paradisiaca (aka musicola paradisiaca)
D: erwinia oleae
E: erwinia atroseptica (aka pectobacterium atrosepticum)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Here, we provide the complete genome sequences and the annotation of three E. amylovora-specific phages isolated in North America and genomic information about a bacteriophage induced by mitomycin C treatment of an Erwinia tasmaniensis strain that is antagonistic for E. amylovora.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'e. amylovora'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: erwinia amylovora (micrococcus amylovorus) (aka erwinia amylovora)
B: erwinia amylovora mr1
C: erwinia carotovora (aka pectobacterium carotovorum)
D: erwinia amylovora ea356
E: erwinia amylovora cfbp 2585
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The American phages resemble two already-described viral genomes, whereas the E. tasmaniensis phage displays a singular genomic sequence in BLAST searches.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'e. tasmaniensis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: epilobium tasmanicum
B: erwinia tasmaniensis
C: fergusonina tasmaniensis
D: epermenia tasmanica
E: thermeola tasmanica
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Maternal influence on philopatry and space use by juvenile brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula).
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'trichosurus vulpecula'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: chalciporus vulparius
B: synallaxis vulpecula (aka cranioleuca vulpecula)
C: tripos vultur (ceratium vultur) (aka tripos vultur)
D: trichiotinus texanus
E: silver-gray brushtail possum (aka trichosurus vulpecula)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Of these, nine strains composed a group for which the partial 18S rRNA gene sequence was related to Prasinoderma coloniale.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'prasinoderma coloniale'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: porpoloma portentosum
B: paramyxidium branchialis
C: pestalotiopsis dianellae
D: prasinoderma coloniale (prasinoderma colonialis) (aka prasinoderma coloniale)
E: protomagalhaensia granulosae
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The ultrastructure, morphology, division process, pigment composition, genome size and molecular genetic phylogeny of these nine strains were investigated, using P. coloniale as a reference.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'p. coloniale'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: paramonosiga coloniensis
B: protium gallosum
C: prasinoderma colonialis (aka prasinoderma coloniale)
D: pedobacter planticolens
E: paecilomyces griseus (aka chlorocillium griseum)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'nov. shares only 96.9% of identity with that of P. coloniale and contains a conserved insertion of 567bp length not recorded in P. coloniale.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'p. coloniale'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: protea pruinosa
B: paramonodictys paeoniae
C: paramonosiga coloniensis
D: prasinoderma coloniale (prasinoderma colonialis) (aka prasinoderma coloniale)
E: chlorella coloniales
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'nov. shares only 96.9% of identity with that of P. coloniale and contains a conserved insertion of 567bp length not recorded in P. coloniale.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'p. coloniale'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: prasinoderma colonialis (aka prasinoderma coloniale)
B: plasmodium lacertiliae
C: paecilomyces griseus (aka chlorocillium griseum)
D: plasmodium polare
E: peronospora coronillae
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'When compared to P. coloniale, P. singularis sp.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'p. coloniale'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: monocoryne colonialis
B: prasinoderma coloniale (prasinoderma colonialis) (aka prasinoderma coloniale)
C: pestalotiopsis paeoniae
D: protea pruinosa
E: plasmodium polare
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Catabolite control protein A controls hydrogen peroxide production and cell death in Streptococcus sanguinis.
Streptococcus sanguinis is a commensal oral bacterium producing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) that is dependent on pyruvate oxidase (Spx) activity.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'streptococcus sanguinis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: streptococcus bovis (aka streptococcus equinus)
B: bacillus sanguinis
C: streptococcus oralis (streptococcus oralis bridge and sneath 1982) (aka streptococcus oralis)
D: streptococcus australis
E: streptococcus sanguinis
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Catabolite control protein A controls hydrogen peroxide production and cell death in Streptococcus sanguinis.
Streptococcus sanguinis is a commensal oral bacterium producing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) that is dependent on pyruvate oxidase (Spx) activity.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'streptococcus sanguinis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: streptococcus sanguinis
B: streptococcus parasuis
C: streptococcus bovis (aka streptococcus equinus)
D: streptococcus mitis
E: streptococcus mutans
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Catabolite control protein A controls hydrogen peroxide production and cell death in Streptococcus sanguinis.
Streptococcus sanguinis is a commensal oral bacterium producing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) that is dependent on pyruvate oxidase (Spx) activity.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'streptococcus sanguinis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: streptococcus caprinus (aka streptococcus gallolyticus)
B: streptococcus mitis
C: streptococcus ovis
D: streptococcus mutans
E: streptococcus gordonii
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In addition to its well-known role in bacterial antagonism during interspecies competition, H2O2 causes cell death in about 10% of the S. sanguinis population.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 's. sanguinis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: streptococcus hemolyticus (aka streptococcus pyogenes)
B: saezia sanguinis
C: streptococcus sanguinis
D: streptococcus gordonii
E: streptococcus mutans
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Since H2O2 is directly involved in the release of eDNA and bacterial cell death, the presented data suggest that CcpA is a central control element in this important developmental process in S. sanguinis.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 's. sanguinis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: streptococcus ovis
B: vibrio sanguinis
C: turicibacter sanguinis
D: bacillus sanguinis
E: streptococcus sanguinis
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Cadherin domains in the polysaccharide-degrading marine bacterium Saccharophagus degradans 2-40 are carbohydrate-binding modules.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'saccharophagus degradans 2-40'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: streptococcus fermentans
B: saccharophagus degradans (microbulbifer degradans) (aka saccharophagus degradans)
C: 'staphylococcus lyticans' (aka staphylococcus lyticans)
D: derxomyces amylogenes
E: 'arthrobacter dextranolyticus' (aka arthrobacter dextranolyticus)
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Regulation of horizontal gene transfer in Bacillus subtilis by activation of a conserved site-specific protease.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bacillus subtilis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bacillus natto (aka bacillus subtilis)
B: bacillus (aka bacillus <firmicutes>)
C: bacillus (aka bacillus <walking sticks>)
D: sowerbaea subtilis
E: bacillus longisporus ('bacillus longisporus') (aka bacillus longisporus)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The mobile genetic element ICEBs1 is an integrative and conjugative element (a conjugative transposon) found in Bacillus subtilis.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bacillus subtilis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bacillus cereus (bacillus cereus frankland and frankland 1887 (approved lists 1980)) (aka bacillus cereus)
B: bacillus mesentericus (aka bacillus subtilis)
C: bacillus mobilis
D: sowerbaea subtilis
E: bacillus aerophilus
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Distinct roles of multiple NDH-1 complexes in the cyanobacterial electron transport network as revealed by kinetic analysis of P700+ reduction in various Ndh-deficient mutants of Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'synechocystis sp. strain pcc6803'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: synechocystis sp. atcc 27178 (aka synechocystis sp. pcc 6714)
B: synechocystis sp. pcc 7339
C: synechococcus sp. ps673
D: synechocystis sp. pcc 6805 (synechocystis sp. atcc 27186) (aka synechocystis sp. pcc 6805)
E: synechocystis sp. pcc 6803 (synechocystis sp. (strain pcc 6803)) (aka synechocystis sp. pcc 6803)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'While methyl viologen had only a small effect on P700(+) rereduction kinetics after far-red pulses in KCN-treated wild-type Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803 and an NdhF3/NdhF4 (NdhF3/F4)-defective mutant, it involved a rather slow P700(+) rereduction in an NdhF1-defective mutant.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'synechocystis sp. strain pcc6803'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: synechocystis sp. sai003
B: synechococcus sp. ps673
C: synechocystis sp. pcc 7338
D: synechocystis sp. atcc 27171 (aka synechocystis sp. pcc 6702)
E: synechocystis sp. pcc 6803 (synechocystis sp. (strain pcc 6803)) (aka synechocystis sp. pcc 6803)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Complete genome sequence of strain HTCC2503T of Parvularcula bermudensis, the type species of the order Parvularculales in the class Alphaproteobacteria.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'htcc2503t'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bacterium htcc4110
B: transposon vector t2al200r150g
C: transposon vector t2al150r200g
D: bacterium htcc8010
E: delivery vector pat504
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Complete genome sequence of strain HTCC2503T of Parvularcula bermudensis, the type species of the order Parvularculales in the class Alphaproteobacteria.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'parvularcula bermudensis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: periclimenes bermudensis (aka holthuisaeus bermudensis)
B: parvularcula bermudensis
C: pontodrilus bermudensis
D: loimia bermudensis
E: distaplia bermudensis
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Parvularcula bermudensis, the type species of the order, was isolated from the Sargasso Sea using dilution-to-extinction culturing.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'parvularcula bermudensis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: proporus bermudensis
B: parvularcula bermudensis
C: holthuisaeus bermudensis (periclimenes bermudensis) (aka holthuisaeus bermudensis)
D: hypleurochilus bermudensis
E: loimia bermudensis
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Parvularcula bermudensis, the type species of the order, was isolated from the Sargasso Sea using dilution-to-extinction culturing.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'parvularcula bermudensis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: pontodrilus bermudensis
B: dorvillea bermudensis (aka parougia bermudensis)
C: parapallene bermudensis
D: processa bermudensis
E: speleoithona bermudensis
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We present here the complete genome sequence of Parvularcula bermudensis HTCC2503(T), which contains genes for carotenoid biosynthesis, dimethylsulfoniopropionate demethylase, and transduction-like gene transfer agents.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'parvularcula bermudensis htcc2503(t)'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: carinozetes bermudensis
B: lecanora bermudensis
C: parvularcula bermudensis
D: dorvillea bermudensis (aka parougia bermudensis)
E: pelagibaca bermudensis (aka salipiger bermudensis)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A small protein required for the switch from {sigma}F to {sigma}G during sporulation in Bacillus subtilis.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bacillus subtilis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: sporobolus subtilis
B: bacillus amylolyticus (aka paenibacillus amylolyticus)
C: bacillus mesentericus (aka bacillus subtilis)
D: bacillus rossius
E: bacillus thuringiensis (bacillus thuringiensis berliner 1915 (approved lists 1980)) (aka bacillus thuringiensis)
F: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A cascade of alternative sigma factors governs the program of developmental gene expression during sporulation in Bacillus subtilis.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'bacillus subtilis'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: bacillus aerius
B: bacillus mesentericus (aka bacillus subtilis)
C: bacillus longisporus ('bacillus longisporus') (aka bacillus longisporus)
D: bacillus albus
E: bacillus rossius
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'SecA is the ATPase that acts as the motor for protein export in the general secretory, or Sec, system of Escherichia coli.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'escherichia coli'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: escherichia coli 9.1796
B: escherichia freundii (aka citrobacter freundii)
C: 'escherichia faecalis' (aka escherichia faecalis)
D: escherichia coli (escherichia/shigella coli) (aka escherichia coli)
E: escherichia coli 99.1793
F: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Complete genome sequence of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis I19, a strain isolated from a cow in Israel with bovine mastitis.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis i19'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: corynebacterium gallinarum
B: bacillus pseudotuberculosis (aka corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis)
C: corynebacterium bovis
D: corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis i19 (corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis strain i19) (aka corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis i19)
E: corynebacterium casei
F: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Complete genome sequence of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis I19, a strain isolated from a cow in Israel with bovine mastitis.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cow'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ox (aka bos taurus) (aka bos taurus)
B: ruminococcus bovis
C: domestic yak (aka bos grunniens)
D: domestic sheep (aka ovis aries)
E: domestic goat (aka capra hircus)
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This work reports the completion and annotation of the genome sequence of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis I19, isolated from an Israeli dairy cow with severe clinical mastitis.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis i19'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: corynebacterium gallinarum
B: yersinia pseudotuberculosis (pasteurella pseudotuberculosis) (aka yersinia pseudotuberculosis)
C: corynebacterium cystitidis
D: corynebacterium pseudopelargi
E: corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis-ovis) (aka corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This work reports the completion and annotation of the genome sequence of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis I19, isolated from an Israeli dairy cow with severe clinical mastitis.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cow'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: domestic sheep (aka ovis aries)
B: ovis canadensis (bighorn sheep) (aka ovis canadensis)
C: bos bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis)
D: ruminococcus bovis
E: dairy cow (aka bos taurus)
F: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'X-ray structure and site-directed mutagenesis analysis of the Escherichia coli colicin M immunity protein.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'escherichia coli'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: escherichia/shigella coli (aka escherichia coli)
B: escherichia freundii (aka citrobacter freundii)
C: escherichia faecalis ('escherichia faecalis') (aka escherichia faecalis)
D: escherichia coli 99.1762
E: escherichia
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Colicin M (ColM), which is produced by some Escherichia coli strains to kill competitor strains from the same or related species, was recently shown to inhibit cell wall peptidoglycan biosynthesis through enzymatic degradation of its lipid II precursor.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'escherichia coli'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: enterococcus coli (aka escherichia coli)
B: escherichia
C: enterobacter aerogenes (aka klebsiella aerogenes)
D: escherichia coli nissle 1917 (escherichia coli strain nissle 1917) (aka escherichia coli nissle 1917)
E: escherichia coli 9.1796
F: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Colicin M (ColM), which is produced by some Escherichia coli strains to kill competitor strains from the same or related species, was recently shown to inhibit cell wall peptidoglycan biosynthesis through enzymatic degradation of its lipid II precursor.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'escherichia coli'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: enterobacter aerogenes (aka klebsiella aerogenes)
B: escherichia coli 97.1742
C: escherichia faecalis ('escherichia faecalis') (aka escherichia faecalis)
D: entamoeba coli
E: escherichia coli 99.1762
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Inactivation of the RluD pseudouridine synthase has minimal effects on growth and ribosome function in wild-type Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'escherichia coli'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: escherichia coli 99.1793
B: escherichia coli (escherichia/shigella coli) (aka escherichia coli)
C: escherichia coli 99.1762
D: escherichia coli 97.1742
E: escherichia coli nissle 1917 (escherichia coli strain nissle 1917) (aka escherichia coli nissle 1917)
F: None of the above. | B |
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