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The implications of high-speed railways on air passenger flows in China | Abstract The High-speed Railway (HSR) network in China is the largest in the world, competing intensively with airlines for inter-city travel. Panel data from 2007 to 2013 for 138 routes with HSR-air competition were used to identify the ex-post impacts of the entry of HSR services, the duration of operating HSR servic... |
Impacto de la pandemia covid-19 en la organización asistencial del ictus. Plan ictus madrid | Resumen Introducción: La sobrecarga asistencial y los cambios organizativos frente a la pandemia COVID-19 podrían estar repercutiendo en la atención al ictus agudo en la Comunidad de Madrid (CM). Métodos: Encuesta estructurada en bloques: características del hospital, cambios en infraestructura y recursos, circuitos de... |
Comparison of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Viruses from Germany and the United States, 2014 | Since 2013, highly virulent porcine epidemic diarrhea virus has caused considerable economic losses in the United States. To determine the relation of US strains to those recently causing disease in Germany, we compared genomes and found that the strain from Germany is closely related to variants in the United States. |
Identification and characterization of GLDC as host susceptibility gene to severe influenza | Glycine decarboxylase (GLDC) was prioritized as a candidate susceptibility gene to severe influenza in humans. The higher expression of GLDC derived from genetic variations may confer a higher risk to H7N9 and severe H1N1 infection. We sought to characterize GLDC as functional susceptibility gene that GLDC may intrinsi... |
Factors influencing the adherence of nurses to standard precautions in South Korea hospital settings | BACKGROUND: Standard precautions (SPs) serve as the first line of defense against exposure to blood and body fluids. The objective of this study was to explore the adherence of nurses to SPs and to identify factors influencing adherence to SPs. METHODS: This study was an exploratory cross-sectional survey. A total of 3... |
An Overview of the Most Significant Zoonotic Viral Pathogens Transmitted from Animal to Human in Saudi Arabia | Currently, there has been an increasing socioeconomic impact of zoonotic pathogens transmitted from animals to humans worldwide. Recently, in the Arabian Peninsula, including in Saudi Arabia, epidemiological data indicated an actual increase in the number of emerging and/or reemerging cases of several viral zoonotic di... |
Adenovirus-mediated expression of the C-terminal domain of SARS-CoV spike protein is sufficient to induce apoptosis in Vero E6 cells | The pro-apoptotic properties of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) structural proteins were studied in vitro. By monitoring apoptosis indicators including chromatin condensation, cellular DNA fragmentation and cell membrane asymmetry, we demonstrated that the adenovirus-mediated over-expression of... |
Avian Influenza: Recent Epidemiology, Travel-Related Risk, and Management | H5N1 influenza continues to smolder in Southeast Asia over the past 5 years, but the emergence of H7N9 in China in 2012 raised concerns for a new avian influenza threat. In contrast with H5N1 with over 650 confirmed cases over 11 years, H7N9 has infected over 450 persons within 2 years. The case fatality rate for H7N9 ... |
COVID‐19 Infection in Early Post‐Operative Period after Liver Transplantation | We read the recently published article by Drs. Agopian, Verna and Goldberg (1) with great interest. The authors have provided an important assessment of liver transplant volumes across the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) regions from February to March of 2019 and 2020. The study revealed a significant center‐ba... |
Angiotensin II Receptors ‐ Impact for COVID‐19 Severity | COVID‐19 is an outbreak of viral pneumonia which became a global health crisis, and the risk of morbidity and mortality of people with obesity are higher. SARS‐CoV‐2, the pathogen of COVID‐19, enters into cells through binding to the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) homolog‐2 (ACE2). ACE2 is a regulator of two contr... |
Mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischaemic stroke during the COVID-19 pandemic: changes to UK practice and lessons learned | Abstract Aim To describe evolving practices in the provision of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) services across the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic, the responses of and impact on MT teams, and the effects on training. Materials and methods The UK Neurointerventional Group (UKNG) and the British Society of Neuroradiologis... |
The unique architecture of Bunyamwera virus factories around the Golgi complex | Viral factories are novel structures built by viruses in infected cells. During their construction organelles are recruited and build a large scaffold for viral replication and morphogenesis. We have studied how a bunyavirus uses the Golgi to build the factory. With the help of confocal and 3D ultrastructural imaging t... |
Human coronavirus alone or in co-infection with rhinovirus C is a risk factor for severe respiratory disease and admission to the pediatric intensive care unit: A one-year study in Southeast Brazil | OBJECTIVE: We aimed to assess the profile of respiratory viruses in young children hospitalized for acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRI) and its association with disease severity, defined as need for pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission. DESIGN: Prospective observational cohort study. SETTING: A ter... |
Current and emergent strategies for disinfection of hospital environments | A significant number of hospital-acquired infections occur due to inefficient disinfection of hospital surfaces, instruments and rooms. The emergence and wide spread of multiresistant forms of several microorganisms has led to a situation where few compounds are able to inhibit or kill the infectious agents. Several st... |
Mannose-Binding Lectin Deficiency and Respiratory Tract Infection | Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is an innate immune system pattern recognition protein that kills a wide range of pathogenic microbes through complement activation. A substantial proportion of all human populations studied to date have MBL deficiency due to MBL2 polymorphisms, which potentially increases susceptibility to... |
Development and Validation of RT‐PCR Tests for the Detection and S1 Genotyping of Infectious Bronchitis Virus and Other Closely Related Gammacoronaviruses Within Clinical Samples | Two tests were developed that allow the detection and genotyping of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) and other closely related gammacoronaviruses. The first test employs a one‐step, reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) assay in which the amplification is monitored in real time using a TaqMan(®) pro... |
Cell permeabilization by poliovirus 2B viroporin triggers bystander permeabilization in neighbouring cells through a mechanism involving gap junctions | Poliovirus 2B protein is a well‐known viroporin implicated in plasma membrane permeabilization to ions and low‐molecular‐weight compounds during infection. Translation in mammalian cells expressing 2B protein is inhibited by hygromycin B (HB) but remains unaffected in mock cells, which are not permeable to the inhibito... |
14 Specific testing of textiles for transportation | Abstract The use of textiles in transportation may be associated with the need to combine comfort and functionality. The evolution of each mean of transportation along with the increased awareness about the importance of passengers' safety pushed research and development forward towards a larger use of lightweight, fir... |
Expression of soluble forms of rubella virus glycoproteins in mammalian cells | Abstract Rubella virus (RV) virions contain two envelope glycoproteins, E1 and E2. Removal of hydrophobia regions in their carboxyl termini by genetic engineering caused them to be secreted rather than maintained in cell membranes of transfected COS cells. Truncated E2 was secreted in the absence of E1, whereas E1 lack... |
COVID‐19: Recommended sampling sites at different stage of the disease | Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is mainly an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by a novel coronavirus (officially named Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS‐CoV‐2) in December 2019, which is currently a worldwide pandemic, mainly causes the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP). At present, i... |
News coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic: Missed opportunities to promote health sustaining behaviors | BACKGROUND: Given that individuals may make health decisions based on mass media coverage, and given that such decisions have broad consequences in the case of highly contagious infectious disease, it is imperative that public health practitioners are aware of mass media coverage on emerging health threats such as COVI... |
Creative Production of ‘COVID‐19 Social Distancing’ Narratives on Social Media | This paper offers an insight into the role of young people in shifting risk perception of the current global pandemic, COVID‐19, via social distancing narratives on social media. Young people are creatively and affectively supporting the social distancing initiatives in Brunei Darussalam through the use of social media... |
A search for new microorganisms in calf pneumonia by the inoculation of gnotobiotic calves | In a detailed microbiological and pathological study of eight outbreaks of calf pneumonia, which included the inoculation of respiratory material into 18 gnotobiotic calves, a total of five viruses, four species of mycoplasma and 19 species of bacteria were identified. The only microorganism not previously associated w... |
Application of cognitive Internet of Medical Things for COVID-19 pandemic | BACKGROUND AND AIM: In the age of advanced digital technology, smart healthcare based on the Internet of Things (IoT) is gaining importance to deal with the current COVID-19 pandemic. In this paper, the novel application of cognitive radio (CR) based IoT specific for the medical domain referred to as Cognitive Internet... |
Viruses and Bioterrorism | The use of viral agents for biological warfare has a long history, which predates their recognition and isolation by culture. Advances in viral culture and virus stabilization made during the second half of the twentieth century raised the level of concern by facilitating the large-scale production of viral agents for ... |
More on: ‘COVID‐19 coagulopathy in Caucasian patients’ | We read with interest the report from Fogarty and colleagues about COVID-19 coagulopathy in Caucasian patients. [1] However, we think that some aspects of this report may deserve further attention. The major concern regards the doses of low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) used for thromboprophylaxis in this study. Inde... |
COVID-19 as a factor influencing air pollution? | • Longer-chain perfluoroalkyl substances strongly inhibited carboxylesterase. • The higher binding affinity caused more severe inhibition. • Inhibition kinetics was studied, and in vitro-in vivo extrapolation was performed. |
Recognition of Semaphorin Proteins by P. sordellii Lethal Toxin Reveals Principles of Receptor Specificity in Clostridial Toxins | Pathogenic clostridial species secrete potent toxins that induce severe host tissue damage. Paeniclostridium sordellii lethal toxin (TcsL) causes an almost invariably lethal toxic shock syndrome associated with gynecological infections. TcsL is 87% similar to C. difficile TcdB, which enters host cells via Frizzled rece... |
How the COVID‐19 pandemic changed cellular therapy at Columbia University Irving Medical Center/NewYork‐Presbyterian Hospital | New York is at the epicenter of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic caused by the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus. Columbia University Irving Medical Center/NewYork‐Presbyterian Hospital (CUIMC/NYPH) had to make changes to its cellular therapy operations to ensure patient, donor, and staff safety and well‐being. In this ... |
Tumor necrosis factor α gene expression and the response to interferon in chronic hepatitis C | Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α) is a cytokine with pleiotropic properties that is induced in a variety of pathological situations including viral infections. In this work, we analyzed the expression of TNF‐α gene in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Serum TNF‐α levels were found to be elevated in all chronic hepatitis... |
Conservation implications of primate trade in China over 18 years based on web news reports of confiscations | Primate species have been increasingly threatened by legal and illegal trade in China, mainly for biomedical research or as pets and traditional medicine, yet most reports on trade from China regard international trade. To assess a proxy for amount of national primate trades, we quantified the number of reports of nati... |
Transference of COVID-19 patient in hospitals – A crucial phase | • COVID-19 virus is primarily transmitted between humans through respiratory droplets and contact routes. • Transportation of COVID-19 patient carries very high transmission risk to personals involved. • Worldwide, clinicians are using many measures that can be executed easily to prevent aerosol exposure. |
Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with hypertension on renin–angiotensin system inhibitors | In December 2019, COVID-19 outbroke in Wuhan, China. The current study aimed to explore the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 complicated by hypertension. In this retrospective, single-center study, we recruited 110 discharged patients with COVID-19 at Wuhan Fourth Hospital in Wuhan, China, from January 25 to Februa... |
Diagnosis and treatment of emergency surgeries in otorhinolaryngology, head and neck surgeryduring the covid-19 outbreak: a single center experience | The 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV, SARS-CoV-2) infection has already been assigned as a Class B infectious disease requiring Class A management strategy according to “the Law on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases of the People's Republic of China” and become a global pandemic. The incidence of emerge... |
Chapter 4 Current trends of antimicrobials used in food animals and aquaculture | Abstract Human population has been increasing rapidly, which ultimately increases human consumption, especially, animal protein requirements. Therefore, demands of animal protein consumption are increasing worldwide at an extraordinary rate. In order to meet the protein demand, intensive animal and aquaculture farming ... |
Triage and management of the ACHD patient with COVID-19: A single center approach | With the recent emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, healthcare facilities and personnel are expected to rapidly triage and care for even the most complex medical conditions. Adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) represent an often-intimidating group of complex cardiovascular disorders. Given that general intern... |
Proposed model for hospital and community pharmacy services during COVID‐19 pandemic in Nigeria | |
Self-Swabbing for Virological Confirmation of Influenza-Like Illness Among an Internet-Based Cohort in the UK During the 2014-2015 Flu Season: Pilot Study | BACKGROUND: Routine influenza surveillance, based on laboratory confirmation of viral infection, often fails to estimate the true burden of influenza-like illness (ILI) in the community because those with ILI often manage their own symptoms without visiting a health professional. Internet-based surveillance can complem... |
Identification and validation of suitable endogenous reference genes for gene expression studies in human peripheral blood | BACKGROUND: Gene expression studies require appropriate normalization methods. One such method uses stably expressed reference genes. Since suitable reference genes appear to be unique for each tissue, we have identified an optimal set of the most stably expressed genes in human blood that can be used for normalization... |
Elder Abuse in the time of COVID-19 – Increased Risks for Older Adults and Their Caregivers | |
Point-Of-Care Testing Curriculum and Accreditation for Public Health—Enabling Preparedness, Response, and Higher Standards of Care at Points of Need | Objectives: To develop awareness of benefits of point-of-care testing (POCT) education in schools of public health, to identify learning objectives for teaching POCT, to enable public health professionals and emergency responders to perform evidence-based diagnosis and triage effectively and efficiently at points of ne... |
Amino acids 15–28 in the ectodomain of SARS coronavirus 3a protein induces neutralizing antibodies | A synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acids (aa) 15–28 of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) 3a protein was used to raise polyclonal antibodies in rabbits. This anti-3a N-terminal antibody could detect 3a protein in infected cells, as did an anti-3a C-terminal antibody previously describe... |
Cyclophilin A up-regulates MMP-9 expression and adhesion of monocytes/macrophages via CD147 signalling pathway in rheumatoid arthritis | Objectives. To investigate whether cyclophilin A (CypA) can up-regulate the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in monocytes/macrophages and whether CD147 facilitates this regulation in RA. Methods. Peripheral blood monocytes were isolated from RA patients and differentiated into macrophages by M-CSF (15 ng/ml). Under CypA s... |
Rhinovirus-induced bronchiolitis: Lack of association between virus genomic load and short-term outcomes | |
Adjusting to life during a pandemic | This article will deal with the pandemic and one university's response. I am sure everyone has their own story, but I am from a town in New Jersey that was called the epicenter of the virus in the early stages of its spread. |
150 Fever in the Returned Traveler | Abstract International travel is associated with a risk of infections not typically seen in high-income settings. Malaria is the most important tropical infection in travelers, but epidemics of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika emphasize that clinicians need to be aware of the rapidly changing distribution of many arboviru... |
Impacts of COVID‐19 on U.S. aquaculture, aquaponics, and allied businesses | |
Mouse-Passaged Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Associated Coronavirus Leads to Lethal Pulmonary Edema and Diffuse Alveolar Damage in Adult but Not Young Mice | Advanced age is a risk factor of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in humans. To understand its pathogenesis, we developed an animal model using BALB/c mice and the mouse-passaged Frankfurt 1 isolate of SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV). We examined the immune responses to SARS-CoV in both young and adult mice. SARS-C... |
Coronaviruses: Molecular and Cellular Biology | |
Elicitation Enhanced the Yield of Glycyrrhizin and Antioxidant Activities in Hairy Root Cultures of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. | Glycyrrhiza glabra L. has become an endangered medicinal plant due to the unabated extraction of glycyrrhizin. Glycyrrhizin is a triterpenoid saponin that is a root centric secondary metabolite having numerous pharmacological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antiallergic, antiulcer, and is found... |
Ventilator management in the age of COVID-19: response to “Logistic and organizational aspects of a dedicated intensive care unit for COVID-19 patients” | |
Comparison of sputum and nasopharyngeal swabs for detection of respiratory viruses | Diagnostic tests for respiratory viral infections use traditionally either nasopharyngeal washes or swabs. Sputum is representative of the lower respiratory tract but is used rarely for viral testing. The aim of this study was to compare the detection rates of respiratory viruses from nasopharyngeal swabs and sputum us... |
Expression of a multi-epitope DPT fusion protein in transplastomic tobacco plants retains both antigenicity and immunogenicity of all three components of the functional oligomer | Expression of genes in plant chloroplasts provides an opportunity for enhanced production of target proteins. We report the introduction and expression of a fusion DPT protein containing immunoprotective exotoxin epitopes of Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Bordetella pertussis, and Clostridium tetani in tobacco chloroplas... |
Modelling conditional skewness: Heterogeneous beliefs, short sale restrictions and market declines | Abstract This paper tests the relationship among heterogeneous beliefs, short sale restrictions and time-varying conditional skewness under different market conditions. The results show that heterogeneous beliefs and short sale restrictions have negative impacts on conditional skewness during periods of market decline ... |
Detection of coronavirus in calf faeces with a haemadsorption-elution-haemagglutination assay (HEHA) | Abstract A simple and rapid procedure has been developed for the detection of bovine coronaviruses in faecal specimens. The method consists of adsorption of the virus onto mouse erythrocytes at 4°C, removal of unadsorbed material and elution of adsorbed viral material at 37°C. The eluate is then used in a haemagglutina... |
Typing and subtyping of influenza viruses and respiratory syncytial viruses by multiplex RT-PCR | We developed a series of oligonucleotide primers capable of detecting, typing, and subtyping influenza virus type A (H1 and H3) and type B and respiratory syncytial viruses types A and B. RNAs were isolated from culture fluid or clinical specimens, and cDNA synthesis and PCR were carried out with mixtures of primers sp... |
Beyond the virus: Ensuring continuity of care for people with diabetes during COVID-19 | The current COVID-19 pandemic is a major concern for the diabetes community. A meta-analysis in China found that the proportions of people with COVID-19 and diabetes was 9.7% and that having diabetes resulted in a two-fold increased risk of having a severe case. Global guidance on confinement measures for the preventio... |
Phylogenetic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomes in Turkey | COVID-19 has effectively spread worldwide. As of May 2020, Turkey is among the top ten countries with the most cases. A comprehensive genomic characterization of the virus isolates in Turkey is yet to be carried out. Here, we built a phylogenetic tree with globally obtained 15,277 severe acute respiratory syndrome coro... |
Liver profile in COVID-19: a meta-analysis | BACKGROUND: Few studies have been performed to investigate multiorgan failure occurring with extrapulmonary symptoms like diarrhea, anorexia, and vomiting. There has been no attempt at a systematic review on this major health issue. Hence, in this study, a meta-analysis was undertaken to quantify the overall risk of li... |
Consequences of Pathogen Lists: Why Some Diseases May Continue to Plague Us | The current strategy used by many funding agencies for determining how money is spent on research to help prevent infectious disease outbreaks is based on pathogen-specific priority lists. Listing disease threats provides focus for business and research planning conducive to specific goals of developing a drug, or a va... |
Characterization of the RNA-binding activity of VP3, a major structural protein of Infectious bursal disease virus | Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is the agent of an immune-depressive disease affecting the poultry industry worldwide. Infection of IBDV leads to expression of five mature virus-encoded proteins. Proteolytic processing of the virus-encoded polyprotein generates VP3 which coats the inner surface of the IBDV capsi... |
Studies on the mechanism of general anesthesia | Inhaled anesthetics are a chemically diverse collection of hydrophobic molecules that robustly activate TWIK-related K(+) channels (TREK-1) and reversibly induce loss of consciousness. For 100 y, anesthetics were speculated to target cellular membranes, yet no plausible mechanism emerged to explain a membrane effect on... |
Pattern of Vascular Disease in Lombardia (Italy) during the first month of the COVID-19 outbreak | |
“Clinical Characteristics, Outcomes and Prognosticators in Adult Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19” | BACKGROUND: COVID-19 is a novel disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective evaluation of patients admitted with COVID-19 to one site in March 2020. Patients were stratified into three groups: survivors who did not receive mechanical ventilation (MV), survivors who received MV and those who rece... |
Evidencia viva como respuesta a las controversias en el uso de antimaláricos en COVID-19 | |
Outcomes of COVID-19 among Patients on In-Center Hemodialysis: An Experience from the Epicenter in South Korea. | Patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) or who are on hemodialysis (HD) could have increased susceptibility to the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) given their pre-existing comorbidities, older age, compromised immune system, and regular visits to populated outpatient dialysis centers. This study include... |
Point of care lung ultrasound is useful when screening for CoVid-19 in Emergency Department patients | BACKGROUND: CoVid-19 can be a life-threatening lung disease or a trivial upper respiratory infection depending on whether the alveoli are involved. Emergency department (ED) screening in symptomatic patients with normal vital signs is frequently limited to oro-nasopharyngeal swabs. We tested the null hypothesis that pa... |
Prevention and treatment of respiratory viral infections: Presentations on antivirals, traditional therapies and host-directed interventions at the 5th ISIRV Antiviral Group conference | Abstract The International Society for Influenza and other Respiratory Virus Diseases held its 5th Antiviral Group (isirv-AVG) Conference in Shanghai, China, in conjunction with the Shanghai Public Health Center and Fudan University from 14-16 June 2017. The three-day programme encompassed presentations on some of the ... |
Reducing onward spread of COVID-19 from imported cases: quarantine and ‘stay at home’ measures for travellers and returning residents to Singapore | Singapore imposed a 14-day ‘Stay Home Notice’ (SHN) on travellers and returning residents to reduce secondary transmission from imported cases of COVID-19. In this article, we describe the processes and enforcement of SHN, and explore the issues faced by individuals under such quarantine, and the steps taken to address... |
Pulmonary ct manifestations of COVID-19: changes within 2 weeks duration from presentation | BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Chest computed tomography (CT) plays an essential role in the evaluation of COVID-19. This retrospective study aims to determine and compare the pulmonary changes in Iraqi pat... |
Chinese herbal medicine for coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis | Currently, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which can lead to severe respiratory failure and death, is now a global pandemic with no specific anti-viral drugs or vaccines. However, It is worth noting that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), especially Chinese herbal medicine (CHM), has been widely applied in mainla... |
Dengue Fever, COVID‐19 (SARS‐CoV‐2), and Antibody‐Dependent Enhancement (ADE): A Perspective | SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic and recurrent dengue epidemics in tropical countries have turned into a global health threat. While both virus‐caused infections may only reveal light symptoms, they can also cause severe diseases. Here, we review the possible antibody‐dependent enhancement (ADE) occurrence, known for dengue infecti... |
Genetic diversity, seasonality and transmission network of human metapneumovirus: identification of a unique sub-lineage of the fusion and attachment genes | Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is an important viral respiratory pathogen worldwide. Current knowledge regarding the genetic diversity, seasonality and transmission dynamics of HMPV among adults and children living in tropical climate remains limited. HMPV prevailed at 2.2% (n = 86/3,935) among individuals presented with... |
Reply to letters vide manuscript ID IPEJ-D-20-00072, and IPEJ-D-20-00073 regarding our paper “Cardiovascular risks of hydroxychloroquine in treatment and prophylaxis of COVID-19 patients: A scientific statement from the Indian Heart Rhythm Societyˮ | |
Understudied Factors Influencing Fc-Mediated Immune Responses against Viral Infections | Antibodies play a crucial role in host defense against viruses, both by preventing infection and by controlling viral replication. Besides their capacity to neutralize viruses, antibodies also exert their antiviral effects by crystallizable fragment (Fc)-mediated effector mechanisms. This involves a bridge between inna... |
Orphan drugs: Unmet societal need for non-profitable privately supplied new products | Abstract Due to the severity of rare diseases, the societal need for biopharmaceutical treatments for these diseases is high, despite low numbers of patients. Therefore, we investigated the barriers currently hindering the willingness to develop orphan drugs in the Netherlands. To this end, a robust, small sample, expl... |
Clinical differentiation of anticoagulant and non‐anticoagulant properties of heparin | I thank Lindahl and Li for their thoughtful comments on the non‐anticoagulant properties of heparin.(1) Heightened awareness of hypercoagulability has made heparin part and parcel of the COVID‐19 management algorithms. In addition, reports of prophylactic anticoagulation failure have triggered several trials where esca... |
Terpenoid and flavonoid spectrum of in vitro cultures of Glycyrrhiza glabra revealed high chemical heterogeneity: platform to understand biosynthesis | Simultaneous qualitative and quantitative assessment of eight flavonoids and two terpenoids were performed in fourteen in vitro raised morphogenic cultures of Glycyrrhiza glabra. Our study revealed that the spectrum and production of ten compounds, under investigation, were higher in organized tissue than the undiffere... |
Obstetric Management of COVID-19 in Pregnant Women | The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which is caused by the novel beta coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, is currently prevalent all over the world, causing thousands of deaths with relatively high virulence. Like two other notable beta coronaviruses, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-1 (SARS-CoV-1) and Mid... |
Resistance is futile | A new study of dominant negative functions in cells infected by a positive-strand RNA virus detects an array of locus- and allele-specific effects. Exploiting subunit defects in multi-component complex assemblies provides a new approach to identifying targets for antiviral therapies that may inhibit the emergence of dr... |
Manipulating angiotensin metabolism with angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in heart failure | Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), is a monocarboxypeptidase which metabolizes several peptides including the degradation of Ang II, a peptide with vasoconstrictive/proliferative/effects, to generate Ang 1–7, which acting through its receptor Mas exerts vasodilatory/anti-proliferative actions. The classical pathwa... |
Off-the-shelf barrier for emergency intubation in the cardiac catheterization laboratory during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic | With the spread of SARS-CoV-2, it is expected that cases of acute coronary syndrome in the setting of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) develop. As expensive and sophisticated protection devices are not widely available, we have been working on a simple, off-the-shelf protection device for endotracheal intubation of ... |
Lithium Toxicity in Two Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients | Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious disease, which is currently causing a devastating pandemic resulting in more than millions of infected cases worldwide. Emerging evidence reports the impact of several co-morbidities on the clinical features and outcomes of COVID-19. However, the evidence regar... |
Self-reported needs of patients with Parkinson’s disease during COVID-19 emergency in Italy | Because of COVID-19 outbreak, regular clinical services for Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients have been suddenly suspended, causing worries, confusion and unexpected needs in such frail population. Here, we reviewed the messages spontaneously sent by patients to an Italian PD clinic during the first two weeks of COVID-... |
Lung function monitoring in the era of respiratory pandemics | Oscillometry has been used in adjunct with spirometry in many studies and in clinical practice. Recent events with the spread of a viral respiratory pandemic has caused many clinics to stop using standard spirometry for the fear of aerosol transmission of virus. With recent experiences of our and other groups using osc... |
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) Inhibits RNA-Mediated Gene Silencing by Targeting Ago-2 | Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection strongly modulates the host’s immune response. The RNA silencing pathway is an intracellular innate response to viral infections. However, it is unknown whether PRRSV interacts with cellular RNA silencing to facilitate the viral infection. Here, we r... |
Antiviral strategies for hepatitis E virus | Abstract The hepatitis E virus is a common cause of acute hepatitis. Contrary to hepatitis B and C, hepatitis E is mostly a mild infection, although it has a high mortality in pregnant women and can evolve to chronicity in immunocompromised patients. Ribavirin and pegylated interferon-α are the only available therapies... |
Feasibility of Using Convalescent Plasma Immunotherapy for MERS-CoV Infection, Saudi Arabia | We explored the feasibility of collecting convalescent plasma for passive immunotherapy of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection by using ELISA to screen serum samples from 443 potential plasma donors: 196 patients with suspected or laboratory-confirmed MERS-CoV infection, 230 healthcare wor... |
Erratum to : Guidance for building a dedicated health facility to contain the spread of the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak (Indian J Med Res) 151, (5), 503 | In the article entitled "Guidance for building a dedicated health facility to contain the spread of the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak" published on pages 177-83, Issue 2 & 3, volume 151 in Indian J Med Ressup1/sup, the negative pressure number 1 in Figure 2 is incorrectly mentioned as 3 in the "replica ward" Copyrigh... |
The Missing Pieces of the COVID‐19 Puzzle | |
Coronavirus Disease 2019 With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Mimicking Heart Failure Exacerbation: Time to Rethink | A 67-year-old man with a prior heart failure presented with fever, cough and dyspnea for 4 days. Physical examination showed bilateral rales on the lung exam, yet no lower extremity edema. The combination of symptoms, elevated inflammatory markers, normal baseline pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, PaO(2)/FiO(2) < 300 and... |
Investigation of Griffithsin's Interactions with Human Cells Confirms Its Outstanding Safety and Efficacy Profile as a Microbicide Candidate | Many natural product-derived lectins such as the red algal lectin griffithsin (GRFT) have potent in vitro activity against viruses that display dense clusters of oligomannose N-linked glycans (NLG) on their surface envelope glycoproteins. However, since oligomannose NLG are also found on some host proteins it is possib... |
Case Report: Right Bundle Brunch Block and QTc Prolongation in a Patient with Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Treated with Hydroxychloroquine | Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a highly contagious disease caused by severe adult respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 that has resulted in the current global pandemic. Currently, there is no available treatment proven to be effective against COVID-19, but multiple medications, including hydroxychloroquine (HCQ)... |
Pediatric genetics: rare is common | |
Chapter 4 Structure and Genotypes of Noroviruses | Abstract Human noroviruses are structurally very simple, but how this correlates with their highly infectious nature, environmental stability, and the fact that they survive commonly used food sterilization processes remains elusive. Noroviruses are genetically very diverse, and new genogroups and genotypes are continu... |
A study on the role of noninvasive ventilation in mild-to-moderate acute respiratory distress syndrome | AIM: There is sparse data on the role of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) from India. Herein, we report our experience with the use of NIV in mild to moderate ARDS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a prospective observational study involving consecutive subjects of ARDS treated... |
Coupling between death spikes and birth troughs. Part 1: Evidence | Abstract In the wake of the influenza pandemic of 1889–1890 Jacques Bertillon, a pioneer of medical statistics, noticed that after the massive death spike there was a dip in birth numbers around 9 months later which was significantly larger than that which could be explained by the population change as a result of exce... |
Training Room Management of Medical Conditions: Infectious Diseases | Management of infectious diseases in athletes encompasses a wide range of pathogens, clinical presentations, and treatment options. Certain athletic activities and training regimens may predispose athletes to increased risk of contracting infectious diseases, some of which may limit athletic participation and pose the ... |
Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in the western long‐fingered bat, Miniopterus magnater | We isolated and characterized 10 microsatellite loci in the western long‐fingered bat, Miniopterus magnater. These loci were tested on 48 individuals from Anhui Province of China, and all loci were highly polymorphic. The mean number of observed alleles per locus was 13.6 (range from six to 27). Observed and expected h... |
Deconvoluting Virome-Wide Antiviral Antibody Profiling Data | The ability to comprehensively characterize exposures and immune responses to viral infections will be critical to better understanding human health and disease. We previously described the VirScan system, a phage-display based technology for profiling antibody binding to a comprehensive library of peptides designed to... |
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