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Guidance for evaluating and testing patients for COVID‐19 | This month's selection provides guidance to evaluate and test patients for COVID‐19. |
Disruption of healthcare: Will the COVID pandemic worsen non-COVID outcomes and disease outbreaks? | |
Pneumothorax and mortality in the mechanically ventilated SARS patients: a prospective clinical study | INTRODUCTION: Pneumothorax often complicates the management of mechanically ventilated severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) patients in the isolation intensive care unit (ICU). We sought to determine whether pneumothoraces are induced by high ventilatory pressure or volume and if they are associated with mortality ... |
Viral respiratory infections among Hajj pilgrims in 2013 | Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has emerged in the Arabian Gulf region, with its epicentre in Saudi Arabia, the host of the ‘Hajj’ which is the world’s the largest mass gathering. Transmission of MERS-CoV at such an event could lead to its rapid worldwide dissemination. Therefore, we studied the... |
Fall-related attendance and associated hospitalisation of children and adolescents in Hong Kong: a 12-year retrospective study | OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to examine the trends and characteristics of fall-related attendance in accident and emergency department (AED) by injury type and the trend in associated average length of stay (LOS) among children and adolescents in Hong Kong. DESIGN: A retrospective approach was adopted. SETTING: ... |
Phytochemicals from fern species: potential for medicine applications | Ferns are an important phytogenetic bridge between lower and higher plants. Historically they have been used in many ways by humans, including as ornamental plants, domestic utensils, foods, and in handicrafts. In addition, they have found uses as medicinal herbs. Ferns produce a wide array of secondary metabolites end... |
Activation and maturation of SARS-CoV main protease | The worldwide outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003 was due to the transmission of SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV). The main protease (M(pro)) of SARS-CoV is essential for the viral life cycle, and is considered to be an attractive target of anti-SARS drug development. As a key enzyme for proteol... |
Respiratory Viral Infections in Children and Adolescents with Hematological Malignancies | BACKGROUND: Despite the introduction of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for the diagnosis of respiratory viral infection (RVI), guidance on the application of this test and the management of RVI in immunocompromised children is lacking. This study evaluated the clinical characteristics of RVI and established str... |
Host Mixing and Disease Emergence | Summary Recent cases of emergent diseases have renewed interest in the evolutionary and ecological mechanisms that promote parasite adaptation to novel hosts [1–6]. Crucial to adaptation is the degree of mixing of original, susceptible hosts, and novel hosts. An increase in the frequency of the original host has two op... |
Artemisia annua: Trials are needed for COVID‐19 | In December 2019, a number of pneumonia cases associated with 2019 novel coronavirus occurred in Wuhan, China. Later taxonomist name the virus SARS‐CoV‐2 and disease called COVID‐19. No approved vaccine or treatment are available for this virus. Current technical guide is related to address therapeutic option for SARS‐... |
Severe Human Lower Respiratory Tract Illness Caused by Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Influenza Virus Is Characterized by the Absence of Pulmonary Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Responses | Background. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza virus are common causes of infantile lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI). It is widely believed that both viral replication and inappropriately enhanced immune responses contribute to disease severity. In infants, RSV LRTI is known to be more severe than ... |
Abstracts for Supplement | |
Reverse transcription recombinase-aided amplification assay combined with a lateral flow dipstick for detection of avian infectious bronchitis virus | The study was conducted to develop a specific, simple, and sensitive method for diagnosis of avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). In this experiment, the selected downstream primer was labeled with biotin and the 5' end of RAA probe was labeled with FAM by reverse transcription recombinase-aided amplification (RT-R... |
SARS-CoV-2 Detection, Viral Load and Infectivity over the Course of an Infection: SARS-CoV-2 Detection, Viral Load and Infectivity | OBJECTIVES: To summarise the evidence on the detection pattern and viral load of SARS-CoV-2 over the course of an infection (including any asymptomatic or pre-symptomatic phase), and the duration of infectivity. METHODS: A systematic literature search was undertaken in PubMed, Europe PubMed Central and EMBASE from 30 D... |
Consistency and reliability of COVID-19 projection models as a means to save lives | |
Two novel adenoviruses found in Cave Myotis bats (Myotis velifer) in Oklahoma | Bats are carriers of potentially zoonotic viruses, therefore it is crucial to identify viruses currently found in bats to better understand how they are maintained in bat populations and evaluate risks for transmission to other species. Adenoviruses have been previously detected in bats throughout the world, but sampli... |
Respiratory Disease Markers in Porcine Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid | In bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of pigs originating from different herds bacteria, cells and the antibacterial peptide PR‐39 were examined to gain information about the lung health status. In a high health nucleus herd 56% and in low health herds 20–100% of the examined pigs were found positive for potentially p... |
Trends and advances in food analysis by real-time polymerase chain reaction | Analyses to ensure food safety and quality are more relevant now because of rapid changes in the quantity, diversity and mobility of food. Food-contamination must be determined to maintain health and up-hold laws, as well as for ethical and cultural concerns. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), a rapid and in... |
The role of the Asia-Pacific advisory committee on influenza | Abstract In recent years it has become clear that a coordinated approach to the promotion of influenza awareness, with the intent to improve the prevention and control of influenza, is needed in the Asia-Pacific region. The APACI was established in early 2002 to address issues relating to influenza and the impact of th... |
Description of viral assemblages associated with the Gorgonia ventalina holobiont | The diversity and function of viruses in coral holobionts has only recently received attention. The non-reef building gorgonian octocoral, Gorgonia ventalina, is a major constituent of Caribbean reefs. We investigated viral communities associated with G. ventalina tissues to understand their role in gorgonian ecology. ... |
Deaths from COVID-19 in healthcare workers in Italy—What can we learn? | This letter examines healthcare worker deaths by category and medical speciality during the COVID-19 emergency in Italy, and underlines factors that may have contributed to the elevated number of fatalities among healthcare personnel. These data are now available because Italy was the first western country to be severe... |
Effectiveness of Patient-Collected Swabs for Influenza Testing | OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of self-collected and health care worker (HCW)–collected nasal swabs for detection of influenza viruses and determine the patients' preference for type of collection. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We enrolled adult patients presenting with influenzalike illness to the Emergency Departmen... |
Respiratory viral infections during the 2009–2010 winter season in Central England, UK: incidence and patterns of multiple virus co-infections | Acute viral respiratory infections are the most common infections in humans. Co-infection with different respiratory viruses is well documented but not necessarily well understood. The aim of this study was to utilise laboratory data from the winter season following the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) outbreak to investigate ra... |
Common Place for COVID-19 Local Spreading: Observation from Thailand | |
Distinct characteristics of COVID‐19 patients with initial rRT‐PCR‐positive and rRT‐PCR‐negative results for SARS‐CoV‐2 | Since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) first emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019, the outbreak of COVID-19 epidemic has become an increasingly serious global health concern. Currently, over 150 countries have reported COVID-19 cases, and... |
WHO Paradoxes in Emergency Operations: The Dilemma of a UN Specialized Agency | The past two decades have witnessed a major shift in humanitarian operations to respond to more internal conflicts instead of the traditional cross-border wars. Over the recent years, two major shifts have taken place within the WHO to orient toward response to emergencies, namely the introduction of the Humanitarian R... |
In Vitro Bactericidal and Virucidal Efficacy of Povidone-Iodine Gargle/Mouthwash Against Respiratory and Oral Tract Pathogens | INTRODUCTION: Recent virus epidemics and rising antibiotic resistance highlight the importance of hygiene measures to prevent and control outbreaks. We investigated the in vitro bactericidal and virucidal efficacy of povidone-iodine (PVP-I) 7% gargle/mouthwash at defined dilution against oral and respiratory tract path... |
Molecular characterization of type 1 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses (PRRSV) isolated in the Netherlands from 2014 to 2016 | Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is the causative agent of a devastating pig disease present all over the world. The remarkable genetic variation of PRRSV, makes epidemiological and molecular analysis of circulating viruses highly important to review current diagnostic tools and vaccine effic... |
Quantify impacted scope of human expired air under different head postures and varying exhalation rates | Abstract Many researches indicate human respiration flow and background ventilation are two important aspects leading to possible respiratory disease spread. However, current studies on respiration flow and the resulted exhaled pollutant dispersion are limited, because different head postures, respiration mode, breath ... |
Short-term forecasting COVID-19 cumulative confirmed cases: Perspectives for Brazil | The new Coronavirus (COVID-19) is an emerging disease responsible for infecting millions of people since the first notification until nowadays. Developing efficient short-term forecasting models allow forecasting the number of future cases. In this context, it is possible to develop strategic planning in the public hea... |
On the brighter side of COVID-19 induced Lockdown: Devising the collateral methods to provide Ayurveda consultation during impasse | Abstract COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent measures to mitigate it have presented the world with certain unprecedented situations. Lockdown with effective closure of all services including routine health care services has tested the nerves of health care providers for finding novel ways of providing services without get... |
A parallel genome-wide RNAi screening strategy to identify host proteins important for entry of Marburg virus and H5N1 influenza virus | BACKGROUND: Genome-wide RNAi screening has been widely used to identify host proteins involved in replication and infection of different viruses, and numerous host factors are implicated in the replication cycles of these viruses, demonstrating the power of this approach. However, discrepancies on target identification... |
Nipah Virus: Past Outbreaks and Future Containment | Viral outbreaks of varying frequencies and severities have caused panic and havoc across the globe throughout history. Influenza, small pox, measles, and yellow fever reverberated for centuries, causing huge burden for economies. The twenty-first century witnessed the most pathogenic and contagious virus outbreaks of z... |
Analysis of 92 deceased patients with COVID‐19 | OBJECTIVE: This retrospective study aimed to analysis the clinical characteristics and complications in death cases with novel coronavirus disease‐19 (COVID‐19). METHOD: We collected the medical records of 92 patients with COVID‐19 in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University who died during January 6th to February 25th, 202... |
Comprehensive review of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) | Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, the capital of China's Hubei province and has rapidly spread all over the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak to be a Public Health Emer... |
Convalescent patient-derived monoclonal antibodies targeting different epitopes of E protein confer protection against Zika virus in a neonatal mouse model | The Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak and its link to microcephaly triggered a public health concern. To examine antibody response in a patient infected with ZIKV, we used single-cell PCR to clone 31 heavy and light chain-paired monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that bind to ZIKV envelope (E) proteins isolated from memory B cells ... |
COVID-19 Precautions: What the MRI Suite Should Know | |
A Practical Approach to the Management of Cancer Patients During the Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) Pandemic: An International Collaborative Group | The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has rapidly spread globally since being identified as a public health emergency of major international concern and has now been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). In December 2019, an outbreak of atypical pneumonia, known as COVID‐19, was iden... |
RNA-binding activity of TRIM25 is mediated by its PRY/SPRY domain and is required for ubiquitination | TRIM25 is a novel RNA-binding protein and a member of the Tripartite Motif (TRIM) family of E3 ubiquitin ligases, which plays a pivotal role in the innate immune response. Almost nothing is known about its RNA-related roles in cell biology. Furthermore, its RNA-binding domain has not been characterized. Here, we reveal... |
Elevated Plasma Surfactant Protein D (SP‐D) Levels and a Direct Correlation with Anti‐severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus‐specific IgG Antibody in SARS Patients | Pulmonary SP‐D is a defence lectin promoting clearance of viral infections. SP‐D is recognized to bind the S protein of SARS‐CoV and enhance phagocytosis. Moreover, systemic SP‐D is widely used as a biomarker of alveolar integrity. We investigated the relation between plasma SP‐D, SARS‐type pneumonia and the SARS‐speci... |
Bioactive Phytochemical Constituents of Wild Edible Mushrooms from Southeast Asia | Mushrooms have a long history of uses for their medicinal and nutritional properties. They have been consumed by people for thousands of years. Edible mushrooms are collected in the wild or cultivated worldwide. Recently, mushroom extracts and their secondary metabolites have acquired considerable attention due to thei... |
A non-invasive method to assess environmental contamination with avian pathogens: beak and feather disease virus (BFDV) detection in nest boxes | Indirect transmission of pathogens can pose major risks to wildlife, yet the presence and persistence of wildlife pathogens in the environment has been little studied. Beak and feather disease virus (BFDV) is of global conservation concern: it can infect all members of the Psittaciformes, one of the most threatened bir... |
A microsphere-based immunoassay for rapid and sensitive detection of bovine viral diarrhoea virus antibodies | Abstract This study describes a novel blocking microsphere-based immunoassay for highly sensitive and specific detection of antibodies against bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV). The intra- and inter-assay variability are 4.9% and less than 7%, respectively, and variability of bead conjugations is less than 6.6%. The ... |
Cryo-electron microscopy structures of the SARS-CoV spike glycoprotein reveal a prerequisite conformational state for receptor binding | The global outbreak of SARS in 2002-2003 was caused by the infection of a new human coronavirus SARS-CoV. The infection of SARS-CoV is mediated mainly through the viral surface glycoproteins, which consist of S1 and S2 subunits and form trimer spikes on the envelope of the virions. Here we report the ectodomain structu... |
Letter: The use of Telemedicine by Neurosurgeons during the Covid-era: preliminary results of a cross-sectional research. | |
Chemotactic antiviral cytokines promote infectious apical entry of human adenovirus into polarized epithelial cells | Mucosal epithelia provide strong barriers against pathogens. For instance, the outward facing apical membrane of polarized epithelial cells lacks receptors for agents, such as hepatitis C virus, herpesvirus, reovirus, poliovirus or adenovirus. In addition, macrophages eliminate pathogens from the luminal space. Here we... |
Chapter 4 Adolescents and Pets | Abstract This chapter describes the multiple stages present during adolescence and the importance of animals in the lives of adolescents. From the ages of 10–25, adolescents and the role that their pets play in each other’s lives change dramatically. Here, we present three adolescent stages and the value of relationshi... |
A NEW CHALLENGE FOR CHILD PSYCHIATRISTS: INPATIENT CARE MANAGEMENT DURING CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC | |
Density of Upper Respiratory Colonization With Streptococcus pneumoniae and Its Role in the Diagnosis of Pneumococcal Pneumonia Among Children Aged <5 Years in the PERCH Study | BACKGROUND: Previous studies suggested an association between upper airway pneumococcal colonization density and pneumococcal pneumonia, but data in children are limited. Using data from the Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health (PERCH) study, we assessed this potential association. METHODS: PERCH is a case-cont... |
Evaluation of a clinical scoring system and directed laboratory testing for respiratory virus infection in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients | P.E. Ferguson, N.M. Gilroy, T.P. Sloots, M.D. Nissen, D.E. Dwyer, T.C. Sorrell. Evaluation of a clinical scoring system and directed laboratory testing for respiratory virus infection in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Transpl Infect Dis 2011: 13: 448–455. xx: 000–000. All rights reserved Abstract: A sim... |
Synthesis and anti-HIV studies of 2- and 3-adamantyl-substituted thiazolidin-4-ones | Abstract A series of novel thiazolidin-4-ones bearing a lipophilic adamantyl substituent at position 2 or 3 were synthesized. A majority of them showed a modest anti-HIV-1 activity, whereas 2-adamantan-1-yl-3-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-thiazolidin-4-one (8) was endowed with a remarkable antiviral potency (EC50 =0.67μ... |
Pilot study of influenza vaccine effectiveness in urban Australian children attending childcare | Background: Influenza outbreaks in the childcare setting are a significant cause of excess winter morbidity. This study explored methods of follow up and sample collection for a proposed randomised controlled trial of influenza vaccination in children attending childcare. Methods: The study was conducted in four Sydney... |
High-Resolution Functional Mapping of the Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Genome by Insertional Mutagenesis and Massively Parallel Sequencing | We have developed a high-resolution genomic mapping technique that combines transposon-mediated insertional mutagenesis with either capillary electrophoresis or massively parallel sequencing to identify functionally important regions of the Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) genome. We initially used a capilla... |
Neoplasias hematológicas: interpretación de los hallazgos pulmonares en la tomografía computarizada torácica | Resumen La patología pulmonar en la historia de un paciente con neoplasia hematológica es muy frecuente y variable en función de la enfermedad de base y la terapia recibida. La morbimortalidad asociada es alta, por lo que requiere un tratamiento correcto y precoz. La tomografía computarizada (TC) torácica, junto con el... |
COVID-19 in Italy - Passing through bitter waters | The COVID-19 epidemic in Italy has shown many shortcomings of the national health care system but it also represents a historic opportunity to reinforce the central health care governance and reduce inequalities across the country |
Mapping infectious disease hospital surge threats to lessons learnt in Singapore: a systems analysis and development of a framework to inform how to DECIDE on planning and response strategies | BACKGROUND: Hospital usage and service demand during an Infectious Disease (ID) outbreak can tax the health system in different ways. Herein we conceptualize hospital surge elements, and lessons learnt from such events, to help build appropriately matched responses to future ID surge threats. METHODS: We used the Inter... |
Human Infection with Influenza Virus A(H10N8) from Live Poultry Markets, China, 2014 | Human infection with avian influenza virus A(H10N8) was initially reported in China in December 2013. We characterized H10N8 strains from a human patient and from poultry in live markets that infected persons had visited. Results of genome sequencing and virus characterization suggest that the virus strains that infect... |
Coronavirus infection in mink (Mustela vision). Serological evidence of infection with a coronavirus related to transmissible gastroenteritis virus and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus | Abstract Antibodies to a transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV)-related coronavirus have been demonstrated in mink sera by indirect immunofluorescence, peroxidase-linked antibody assays and immunoblotting. This is the first serological evidence of a specific coronavirus infection in mink. The putative mink coronavi... |
Lessons learned from the anti-SARS quarantine experience in a hospital-based fever screening station in Taiwan | BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was the first major novel infectious disease to hit the international community in the 21st century. While SARS was sweeping over almost 30 countries, most hospitals in Taiwan instituted mandatory quarantine measures, one of the most effective public health strategie... |
Consequences of COVID-19 on international medical graduates and students applying to residencies in the United States | |
Replication of sialodacryoadenitis virus in mouse L-2 cells | Sialodacryoadenitis (SDA) is a naturally-occurring infection of the laboratory rat raused by the coronavirus, sialodacryoadenitis virus (SDAV). The study of SDAV has been limited because there is no widely available continuous cell line for the propagation of high titers of the virus. The purpose of this study, therefo... |
The Highest Cited Papers in Brucellosis: Identification Using Two Databases and Review of the Papers' Major Findings | Citation classics represent the highest impact work in a given field. We aim to identify and analyze the most frequently cited papers on brucellosis. We used the databases Scopus and Web of Science to determine the most frequently cited papers. The most cited fifty papers in each database were identified. We then ranke... |
Acquisition of multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales during international travel: a systematic review of clinical and microbiological characteristics and meta-analyses of risk factors | BACKGROUND: International tourism increased from 25 million tourist arrivals in 1950 to over 1.3 billion in 2017. These travelers can be exposed to (multi) resistant microorganisms, may become colonized, and bring them back home. This systematic review aims to identify the carriage rates of multidrug-resistant Enteroba... |
A novel plan to deal with SARS‐CoV‐2 and COVID‐19 disease | As we write this report in April 2020, more than two million people worldwide have been infected with the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus and more than 150,000 have died of COVID-19 disease. International economies have been brought to a standstill, and social isolation based on palpable fear of death remains the order of the d... |
Amplified ozone pollution in cities during the COVID-19 lockdown | Abstract The effect of lockdown due to coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on air pollution in four Southern European cities (Nice, Rome, Valencia and Turin) and Wuhan (China) was quantified, with a focus on ozone (O3). Compared to the same period in 2017–2019, the daily O3 mean concentrations increased at urban st... |
Hepatitis E virus ORF1 encoded macro domain protein interacts with light chain subunit of human ferritin and inhibits its secretion | Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) is the major causative agent of acute hepatitis in developing countries. Its genome has three open reading frames (ORFs)—called as ORF1, ORF2, and ORF3. ORF1 encodes nonstructural polyprotein having multiple domains, namely: Methyltransferase, Y domain, Protease, Macro domain, Helicase, and RNA-... |
Biochemical characterisation of the recombinant peroxiredoxin (FhePrx) of the liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica | Abstract The parasitic helminth Fasciola hepatica secretes a 2-Cys peroxiredoxin (Prx) that may play important functions in host–parasite interaction. Recombinant peroxiredoxin (FhePrx) prevented metal-catalyzed oxidative nicking of plasmid DNA and detoxified hydrogen peroxide when coupled with Escherichia coli thiored... |
Evaluation of the commercially available LightMix® Modular E-gene kit using clinical and proficiency testing specimens for SARS-CoV-2 detection | BACKGROUND: Rapid and sensitive diagnostic assays for SARS-CoV-2 detection are required for prompt patient management and infection control. The analytical and clinical performances of LightMix® Modular SARS and Wuhan CoV E-gene kit, a widely used commercial assay for SARS-CoV-2 detection, have not been well studied. O... |
Nationwide surveillance of 18 respiratory viruses in patients with influenza‐like illnesses: A pilot feasibility study in the French Sentinel Network | The aim of the present study was to test the feasibility of integrating the diagnosis of 18 respiratory viruses into clinical surveillance of influenza‐like illness using a PCR‐DNA microarray detection assay. The study took place in the French Sentinel Network, a nationwide surveillance network of General Practitioners... |
Pregnant Women in Trials of COVID‐19: A Critical Time to Consider Ethical Frameworks of Inclusion in Clinical Trials | Ethical issues abound during this unprecedented international public health crisis of Covid‐19. While the trade‐off between societal and individual interests that occurs at the intersection of public health ethics and clinical ethics affects all populations, this calculus has particular relevance for pregnant women and... |
Aerosol-containment device for prevention of aerosol dispersion during nebulization in COVID-19 patients. | |
Head and neck virtual medicine in a pandemic era: Lessons from COVID‐19 | The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) has presented the world and physicians with a unique public health challenge. In light of its high transmissibility and large burden on the health care system, many hospitals and practices have opted to cancel elective surgeries in order to mobilize resources, ration person... |
Emergence of a Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19): Protocol for Extending Surveillance Used by the Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre and Public Health England | BACKGROUND: The Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) Research and Surveillance Centre (RSC) and Public Health England (PHE) have successfully worked together on the surveillance of influenza and other infectious diseases for over 50 years, including three previous pandemics. With the emergence of the internati... |
Validation of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale in a US College Sample | The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted college students’ coursework, stress levels, and perceived health. Various estimates indicate that high proportions of college students have experienced increased amounts of stress (Dziech, Inside Higher Education, 2020; Hartocollis, New York Times, 2020), yet other sources indicate t... |
Modulation of cell surface transport and lipid raft localization by the cytoplasmic tail of the influenza virus hemagglutinin | Viral glycoproteins are highly variable in their primary structure, but on the other hand feature a high functional conservation to fulfil their versatile tasks during the pathogenic life cycle. Typically, all protein domains are optimized in that indispensable functions can be assigned to small conserved motifs or eve... |
Genomic and serological detection of bat coronavirus from bats in the Philippines | Bat coronavirus (BtCoV) is assumed to be a progenitor of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-related coronaviruses. To explore the distribution of BtCoVs in the Philippines, we collected 179 bats and detected viral RNA from intestinal or fecal samples by RT-PCR. The overall prevalence of BtCoVs among bats was 29.6... |
Antigenic and cellular localisation analysis of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nucleocapsid protein using monoclonal antibodies | Abstract A member of the family of coronaviruses has previously been identified as the cause of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). In this study, several monoclonal antibodies against the nucleocapsid protein have been generated to examine distribution of the nucleocapsid in virus-infected cells and to study... |
Methodology in diagnostic virology | Selection of proper assays and appropriate interpretation of results can be a challenge to the veterinary clinician. Assays vary in methodology, sensitivity, and specificity. These assays can be invaluable in attaining the correct diagnosis, but a clear understanding of the assay and the results is essential. To this e... |
A Review of Quantitative Tools Used to Assess the Epidemiology of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome in U.S. Swine Farms Using Dr. Morrison’s Swine Health Monitoring Program Data | Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) causes far-reaching financial losses to infected countries and regions, including the U.S. The Dr. Morrison’s Swine Health Monitoring Program (MSHMP) is a voluntary initiative in which producers and veterinarians share sow farm PRRS status weekly to contribute to the... |
Chapter 17 Antimicrobial lead compounds from marine plants | Abstract Marine environment is a home to a very wide diversity of flora and fauna, which includes an array of genetically diverse coastline and under seawater plant species, animal species, microbial species, their habitats, ecosystems, and supporting ecological processes. The Earth is home to an estimated 10million sp... |
‘Self-collected upper respiratory tract swabs for COVID-19 test’: A feasible way to increase overall testing rate and conserve resources in South Africa | Disparity in the testing rate of SARS-CoV-2 amongst different countries and regions is a very big challenge in understanding the COVID-19 pandemic. Although some developed countries have a very high testing rate and subsequently a high number of confirmed cases, less developed countries have a low testing rate and an i... |
Surveys, Serologies, and Sequences Reveal History of Iatrogenic Transmission of HIV-1 | |
Mapping of Minimal Motifs of B-Cell Epitopes on Human Zona Pellucida Glycoprotein-3 | The human zona pellucida glycoprotein-3 (hZP3) by virtue of its critical role during fertilization has been proposed as a promising candidate antigen to develop a contraceptive vaccine. In this direction, it is imperative to map minimal motifs of the B cell epitopes (BCEs) so as to avoid ZP-specific oophoritogenic T ce... |
Dentists thoughts about COVID-19 | Data sources Self-developed survey. Data extraction and synthesis This was a cross-sectional study using a self-administered online survey. Results Out of 700 randomly selected dentists in Jordan, 368 completed an online survey. Of those, 36% reported that the incubation period for COVID-19 is 1-14 days. The majority w... |
A case of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in an untreated HIV patient in Tokyo, Japan | We report a 28‐year‐old male co‐infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; COVID‐19) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). His clinical course of the COVID‐19 pneumonia improved smoothly in 9 days; however, his immune status from HIV infection was not well‐controlled due to a lack of a... |
Computational Determination of Potential Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease | [Image: see text] The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has infected several million people and caused thousands of deaths worldwide since December 2019. As the disease is spreading rapidly all over the world, it is urgent to find effective drugs to treat the virus. The main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 is one of the pot... |
Wildlife as Source of Zoonotic Infections | Zoonoses with a wildlife reservoir represent a major public health problem, affecting all continents. Hundreds of pathogens and many different transmission modes are involved, and many factors influence the epidemiology of the various zoonoses. The importance and recognition of wildlife as a reservoir of zoonoses are i... |
The seafood Musculus senhousei shows anti-influenza A virus activity by targeting virion envelope lipids | Abstract Marine environments are known to be a new source of structurally diverse bioactive molecules. In this paper, we identified a porphyrin derivative of Pyropheophorbide a (PPa) from the mussel Musculus senhousei (M. senhousei) that showed broad anti-influenza A virus activity in vitro against a panel of influenza... |
NMR assignment of the nonstructural protein nsp3(1066–1181) from SARS-CoV | Sequence-specific NMR assignments of the globular core comprising the residues 1066–1181 within the non-structural protein nsp3e from the SARS coronavirus have been obtained using triple-resonance NMR experiments with the uniformly [(13)C,(15)N]-labeled protein. The backbone and side chain assignments are nearly comple... |
Circulation and genetic diversity of Feline coronavirus type I and II from clinically healthy and FIP‐suspected cats in China | Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a fatal infectious disease of wild and domestic cats, and the occurrence of FIP is frequently reported in China. To trace the evolution of type I and II feline coronavirus in China, 115 samples of ascetic fluid from FIP‐suspected cats and 54 fecal samples from clinically healthy c... |
Reporting of all cardiac medications and their outcome in COVID ‐ 19 | We read with much interest the article “Organ‐ protective effect of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 and its Effect on the prognosis of COVID ‐19” by Cheng et al in your esteemed Journal. Authors have discussed the theoretical basis of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 in improving outcome of COVID – 19 patients(1). This ... |
Molecular Virology of Hepatitis E Virus | This review details the molecular virology of the hepatitis E virus (HEV). While replicons and in vitro infection systems have recently become available, a lot of information on HEV has been generated through comparisons with better-studied positive-strand RNA viruses and through subgenomic expression of viral open rea... |
Within a large healthcare system, the incidence of positive COVID-19 results and mortality are lower in patients on chronic hydroxychloroquine therapy | |
Cutting Cubes Out of Fog: The Whole View of Design | Abstract In this article we argue that the field of design evolved to include helping organizations address complex problems in the face of uncertainty, but it has yet to build knowledge in a way that formalizes the various activities embraced by the field. We use our relationship with the school of public health at Ha... |
Detecting the emergence of novel, zoonotic viruses pathogenic to humans | RNA viruses, with their high potential for mutation and epidemic spread, are the most common class of pathogens found as new causes of human illness. Despite great advances made in diagnostic technology since the 1950s, the annual rate at which novel virulent viruses have been found has remained at 2–3. Most emerging v... |
Association of sputum microbiota profiles with severity of community-acquired pneumonia in children | BACKGROUND: Competitive interactions among bacteria in the respiratory tract microbiota influence which species can colonize and potentially contribute to pathogenesis of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). However, understanding of the role of respiratory tract microbiota in the clinical course of pediatric CAP is lim... |
Pseudorabies virus infection (Aujeszky’s disease) in an Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) in Spain: a case report | BACKGROUND: The only natural hosts of Pseudorabies virus (PRV) are members of the family Suidae (Sus scrofa scrofa). In species other than suids infection is normally fatal. In these mammals, including carnivores, PRV typically causes serious neurologic disease. The endangered Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) is a wild fel... |
The respiratory health of urban indigenous children aged less than 5 years: study protocol for a prospective cohort study | BACKGROUND: Despite the burden of acute respiratory illnesses (ARI) among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children being a substantial cause of childhood morbidity and associated costs to families, communities and the health system, data on disease burden in urban children are lacking. Consequently evidence-based... |
Transforming a research institute into a COVID diagnostic centre – scientists step forward to protect public health during the coronavirus pandemic | Let's face it: COVID‐19 caught us unprepared. Virologists had abundantly described the mutagenic nature of viruses and their potential infectivity. And yet, mankind was surprised by the sudden appearance of SARS‐CoV‐2. We saw what happened in China and watched the coronavirus spread through countries, but we were slow ... |
Critically ill COVID-19 patient | Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) stands out as the major pandemic that we have experienced in the last century. As it affects every social structure, it brought the importance of intensive care support once again to the agenda of healthcare system after causing severe acute respiratory syndrome. The precautions to b... |
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