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Pulmonary Infection | Virtually all infections that affect man can manifest within the lung. Pulmonary infection is the leading cause of death worldwide. The approach to the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary infection requires a sound knowledge of both the microbial pathogens but also how the host immune system responds to infection. |
Microvascular injury and hypoxic damage: emerging neuropathological signatures in COVID-19 | |
Prevalence and contribution of respiratory viruses in the community to rates of emergency department visits and hospitalizations with respiratory tract infections, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma | BACKGROUND: The individual and combined contribution of viral prevalence in the community to Emergency Department (ED) visits and hospitalizations with respiratory tract infections (RTIs), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma is unclear. METHODS: A retrospective analysis on daily viral positive tests... |
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the epidemiology of pathogenic Escherichia coli of calves and the role of calves as reservoirs for human pathogenic E. coli | Escherichia coli bacteria are the most common causes of diarrhea and septicemia in calves. Moreover, calves form a major reservoir for transmission of pathogenic E. coli to humans. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of publications on E. coli as calf pathogens and the role of calves as reservoir have not been done so... |
Evaluation of Public Health Emergency Management in China: A Systematic Review | To summarize the present status of health emergency management assessment in China, a comprehensive search of Chinese databases for research that explicitly mention health emergency assessment indicators and indicator systems was performed. Studies were evaluated using the Ekman quality assessment tool, and data were e... |
Epidemiological and clinical analysis of community-acquired Mycoplasma pneumonia in children from a Spanish population, 2010–2015 | Abstract Introduction and objectives Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is one of the most common etiological agents of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children. We aimed to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics, treatment and outcome of children diagnosed with community-acquired MP pneumonia (CAMP) i... |
Knowledge and Attitudes Among Hospital Pharmacists About COVID-19 | Objectives: Coronavirus (COVID-19) cases and deaths related to the virus have been reported all over the world Pharmacists play an important role in conveying accurate information about COVID-19 to the community The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes among hospital pharmacists about COVID-19 ... |
Human metapneumovirus: a new respiratory pathogen | Human metapneumovirus is a recently recognized pathogen of acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) in children as well as elderly and immunocompromised adults. The virus belongs to the family Paramyxoviridae, sub family Pneumovirinae and genus Metapneumovirus. Through genetic analysis it has been characterized into two... |
Weather-Dependent Risk for Legionnaires’ Disease, United States | Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample and US weather data, we estimated the probability of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) being diagnosed as Legionnaires’ disease (LD). LD risk increases when weather is warm and humid. With warm weather, we found a dose-response relationship between relative humidity and the odds f... |
Enhanced CD8 T-cell anti-viral function and clinical disease in B7-H1-deficient mice requires CD4 T cells during encephalomyelitis | BACKGROUND: Anti-viral CD8 T-cell activity is enhanced and prolonged by CD4 T-cell-mediated help, but negatively regulated by inhibitory B7-H1 interactions. During viral encephalomyelitis, the absence of CD4 T cells decreases CD8 T cell activity and impedes viral control in the central nervous system (CNS). By contrast... |
A procedure for setting up high‐throughput nanolitre crystallization experiments. Crystallization workflow for initial screening, automated storage, imaging and optimization | Crystallization trials at the Division of Structural Biology in Oxford are now almost exclusively carried out using a high‐throughput workflow implemented in the Oxford Protein Production Facility. Initial crystallization screening is based on nanolitre‐scale sitting‐drop vapour‐diffusion experiments (typically 100 nl ... |
RNA interference for antiviral therapy | Silencing gene expression through a process known as RNA interference (RNAi) has been known in the plant world for many years. In recent years, knowledge of the prevalence of RNAi and the mechanism of gene silencing through RNAi has started to unfold. It is now believed that RNAi serves in part as an innate response ag... |
Biosensors based on graphene oxide and its biomedical application | Abstract Graphene oxide (GO) is one of the most attributed materials for opening new possibilities in the development of next generation biosensors. Due to the coexistence of hydrophobic domain from pristine graphite structure and hydrophilic oxygen containing functional groups, GO exhibits good water dispersibility, b... |
Low‐dose oral interferon alpha as prophylaxis against viral respiratory illness: a double‐blind, parallel controlled trial during an influenza pandemic year | BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Interferon alpha (IFNα) is a known antiviral agent. A double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial was conducted investigating the use of low‐dose oral interferon alpha for preventing acute viral respiratory illnesses. METHODS: Two hundred healthy adults aged 18–75 years were enrolled and c... |
Transcriptome Sequencing and Annotation for the Jamaican Fruit Bat (Artibeus jamaicensis) | The Jamaican fruit bat (Artibeus jamaicensis) is one of the most common bats in the tropical Americas. It is thought to be a potential reservoir host of Tacaribe virus, an arenavirus closely related to the South American hemorrhagic fever viruses. We performed transcriptome sequencing and annotation from lung, kidney a... |
SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater: State of the knowledge and research needs | Abstract The ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been a Public Health Emergency of International Concern, which was officially declared by the World Health Organization. SARS-CoV-2 is a member of the family Coronavirid... |
Forum: Technology, Ecology, and Human Health Since 1850 | |
Characterization of the fusion core in zebrafish endogenous retroviral envelope protein | Abstract Zebrafish endogenous retrovirus (ZFERV) is the unique endogenous retrovirus in zebrafish, as yet, containing intact open reading frames of its envelope protein gene in zebrafish genome. Similarly, several envelope proteins of endogenous retroviruses in human and other mammalian animal genomes (such as syncytin... |
Chapter 5 Host Range, Host–Virus Interactions, and Virus Transmission | Summary Three intricate and intertwined biological features in the replication cycle of viruses are covered in this chapter: The range of cellular entities that support virus replication and/or virus transmission, and the various relationships viruses establish with their hosts and biological vectors. Although in its i... |
Why diagnose respiratory viral infection? | |
Transition to a virtual multidisciplinary tumor board during the COVID‐19 pandemic: University of Pittsburgh experience | Multidisciplinary conferences (MDC) are an important component of head and neck oncologic care including diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship. Virtual MDC allows for improved collaboration between providers at distant sites and proper allocation of health care resources in a time of crisis. When approached systematic... |
Do natural disasters cause an excessive fear of heights? Evidence from the Wenchuan earthquake | Abstract This paper uses the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in China to examine if the occurrence of a natural disaster can cause an excessive fear of living in upper floors. We rely on potential variations in earthquake risk perceptions by floor level to assess whether the pricing of apartments in lower versus upper floors ... |
Inhibition of Bruton tyrosine kinase in patients with severe COVID-19 | Patients with severe COVID-19 have a hyperinflammatory immune response suggestive of macrophage activation. Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) regulates macrophage signaling and activation. Acalabrutinib, a selective BTK inhibitor, was administered off-label to 19 patients hospitalized with severe COVID-19 (11 on supplementa... |
Polycations increase the efficiency of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to epithelial and endothelial cells in vitro | Recombinant adenoviruses are being developed for gene therapy for cystic fibrosis and other lung diseases, and for prevention and treatment of vascular thrombosis. A major limitation to the clinical utility of adenoviruses is the low efficiency of gene transfer achieved in vivo. In addition, little is known about the i... |
Burden of serious fungal infections in the Netherlands | BACKGROUND: Fungal diseases have an ever‐increasing global disease burden, although regional estimates for specific fungal diseases are often unavailable or dispersed. OBJECTIVES: Here, we report the current annual burden of life‐threatening and debilitating fungal diseases in the Netherlands. METHODS: The most recent ... |
Estimated Demand for US Hospital Inpatient and Intensive Care Unit Beds for Patients With COVID-19 Based on Comparisons With Wuhan and Guangzhou, China | IMPORTANCE: Sustained spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has happened in major US cities. Capacity needs in cities in China could inform the planning of local health care resources. OBJECTIVES: To describe and compare the intensive care unit (ICU) and inpatient bed needs for patients... |
Antigen Production in Plant to Tackle Infectious Diseases Flare Up: The Case of SARS | Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a dangerous infection with pandemic potential. It emerged in 2002 and its aetiological agent, the SARS Coronavirus (SARS-CoV), crossed the species barrier to infect humans, showing high morbidity and mortality rates. No vaccines are currently licensed for SARS-CoV and importa... |
Clinical Evaluation of the cobas SARS-CoV-2 Test and a Diagnostic Platform Switch during 48 Hours in the Midst of the COVID-19 Pandemic | Laboratories are currently witnessing extraordinary demand globally for sampling devices, reagents, consumables, and diagnostic instruments needed for timely diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. To meet diagnostic needs as the pandemic grows, the U.S. Food and Drug Admini... |
Structural Basis for Inhibiting Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Replication with the 3C-Like Protease Inhibitor GC376 | Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), being highly virulent and contagious in piglets, has caused significant damage to the pork industries of many countries worldwide. There are no commercial drugs targeting coronaviruses (CoVs), and few studies on anti-PEDV inhibitors. The coronavirus 3C-like protease (3CL(pro)) ha... |
A high-throughput screening system for G-protein-coupled receptors using β-lactamase enzyme complementation technology | AIM: To establish a system for monitoring the activation of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) using β-lactamase enzyme fragment complementation (EFC) technology. METHODS: Two inactive β-lactamase deletion fragments, bla(a) and bla(b), were fused to β-arrestin and GPCR, respectively. A stable cell line named HEK/293-β... |
Enhancement of target-DNA hybridization efficiency by pre-hybridization on sequence-orientated micro-arrayed probes | Abstract The enhancement of hybridization efficiency of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) targets using oligonucleotide pre-hybridization is studied on two sequence-inversed micro-arrayed probes. The sequences for pre-hybridizing both oligo and target DNA are designed to be fully complementary with their shared DNA probe in ... |
Nested-RT-PCR and Multiplex RT-PCR for Diagnosis of Rhinovirus Infection in Clinical Samples | Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) are positive-stranded RNA viruses belonging to the Enterovirus genus in the family of Picornaviridae. Identification of the specific strain in HRV disease has been difficult because the traditional serological method is insensitive, labor intensive, and cumbersome. With the fast progress in mo... |
Bioinformatics analysis reveals four major hexon variants of human adenovirus type-3 (HAdV-3) as the potential strains for development of vaccine and siRNA-based therapeutics against HAdV-3 respiratory infections | Human adenovirus type 3 (HAdV-3) encompasses 15–87% of all adenoviral respiratory infections. The significant morbidity and mortality, especially among the neonates and immunosuppressed patients, demand the need for a vaccine or a targeted antiviral against this type. However, due to the existence of multiple hexon var... |
Phages and HIV-1: From Display to Interplay | The complex hide-and-seek game between HIV-1 and the host immune system has impaired the development of an efficient vaccine. In addition, the high variability of the virus impedes the long-term control of viral replication by small antiviral drugs. For more than 20 years, phage display technology has been intensively ... |
Changes in radiotherapy practice during COVID–19 outbreak in turkey: a report from the turkish society for radiation oncology | |
Covid‐19: Exposing the Lack of Evidence‐Based Practice in Medicine | The Covid‐19 pandemic has altered the shape of medicine, making in‐person interactions risky for both patients and health care workers. Now, before scheduling in‐person appointments or procedures, physicians are forced to reconsider if they are truly necessary. The pandemic has thus thrown into relief the difference be... |
Chest Computed Tomography for Detection of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Don't Rush the Science | This commentary discusses the findings of early studies that addressed the use of chest computed tomography for the detection of COVID-19. The authors urge caution in rushing science and overinterpreting preliminary or flawed data. |
The potential effects of widespread community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the World Health Organization African Region: a predictive model | The spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been unprecedented in its speed and effects. Interruption of its transmission to prevent widespread community transmission is critical because its effects go beyond the number of COVID-19 cases and deaths and affect the health system capacit... |
IGF-1 Deficiency Rescue and Intracellular Calcium Blockade Improves Survival and Corresponding Mechanisms in a Mouse Model of Acute Kidney Injury | This study was undertaken to test two therapies for acute kidney injury (AKI) prevention, IGF-1, which is renal protective, and BTP-2, which is a calcium entry (SOCE) inhibitor. We utilized lipopolysaccharide (LPS) IP, as a systemic model of AKI and studied in five groups of animals. Three experiments showed that at 7 ... |
Case report of COVID‐19 in a kidney transplant recipient: Does immunosuppression alter the clinical presentation? | COVID‐19 is novel infectious disease with an evolving understanding of its epidemiology and clinical manifestations. Immunocompromised patients often present atypical presentations of viral diseases. Herein we report a case of a COVID‐19 infection in a solid organ transplant recipient, in which the first clinical sympt... |
Using GRADE in situations of emergencies and urgencies: Certainty in evidence and recommendations matters during the COVID-19 pandemic, now more than ever and no matter what | ●. GRADEing the certainty of the available evidence is more important than ever because of the unprecedented pressure for action and the large number of people affected by decisions; ●. The GRADE approach is a transparent and structured method for assessing the certainty of evidence and when developing recommendations ... |
Colitis as a Sole Presentation of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Case Report | On March 11, 2020, COVID-19 was declared as a pandemic by World Health Organization. Criteria for identifying persons under investigation for SARS-CoV-2 infection by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention remain focusing on fever and respiratory symptoms. We report a case of COVID-19 patient who presented with coli... |
Epidemiology of virus-induced asthma exacerbations: with special reference to the role of human rhinovirus | Viral respiratory infections may be associated with the virus-induced asthma in adults as well as children. Particularly, human rhinovirus is strongly suggested a major candidate for the associations of the virus-induced asthma. Thus, in this review, we reviewed and focused on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and tre... |
New information technology (IT)-related approaches could facilitate psychiatric treatments in general hospital psychiatry during the COVID-19 pandemic | • Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychiatric conditions has been increasing. • “Tablet visit” for inpatients has been introduced. • For outpatients, an online visit system has been used. |
The disproportionate effect of COVID-19 mortality on ethnic minorities: Genetics or health inequalities? | |
Role of Cellular Lipids in Positive-Sense RNA Virus Replication Complex Assembly and Function | Positive-sense RNA viruses are responsible for frequent and often devastating diseases in humans, animals, and plants. However, the development of effective vaccines and anti-viral therapies targeted towards these pathogens has been hindered by an incomplete understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in viral r... |
Proteomics Analysis of the DF-1 Chicken Fibroblasts Infected with Avian Reovirus Strain S1133 | BACKGROUND: Avian reovirus (ARV) is a member of the Orthoreovirus genus in the Reoviridae family. It is the etiological agent of several diseases, among which viral arthritis and malabsorption syndrome are the most commercially important, causing considerable economic losses in the poultry industry. Although a small bu... |
Sources of Information and Health Beliefs Related to SARS and Avian Influenza among Chinese Communities in the United Kingdom and The Netherlands, Compared to the General Population in these Countries | BACKGROUND: Ethnic minorities in Europe such as the Chinese may need a special strategy with regard to risk communication about emerging infectious diseases. To engage them in precautionary actions, it is important to know their information sources, knowledge, and health beliefs. PURPOSE: This study’s purpose is to stu... |
OT-1 Mice Display Minimal Upper Genital Tract Pathology Following Primary Intravaginal Chlamydia muridarum Infection | Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common bacterial sexually transmitted disease worldwide and leads to serious pathological sequelae in the upper genital tract (UGT) including pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, and infertility. Several components of the host immune responses have been shown to contribute t... |
Extensión y cuantificación de la carga inflamatoria en COVID-19 mediante tomografía computarizada | |
Central statistical monitoring of investigator-led clinical trials in oncology | Investigator-led clinical trials are pragmatic trials that aim to investigate the benefits and harms of treatments in routine clinical practice. These much-needed trials represent the majority of all trials currently conducted. They are however threatened by the rising costs of clinical research, which are in part due ... |
Comparison of the prevalence of respiratory viruses in patients with acute respiratory infections at different hospital settings in North China, 2012–2015 | BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are a great public health challenge globally. The prevalence of respiratory viruses in patients with ARIs attending at different hospital settings is fully undetermined. METHODS: Laboratory-based surveillance for ARIs was conducted at inpatient and outpatient settings of ... |
Antiviral activity of Rheum palmatum methanol extract and chrysophanol against Japanese encephalitis virus | Rheum palmatum, Chinese traditional herb, exhibits a great variety of anti-cancer and anti-viruses properties. This study rates antiviral activity of R. palmatum extracts and its components against Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in vitro. Methanol extract of R. palmatum contained higher levels of aloe emodin, chryso... |
‘Reflections on frontline medical work during Covid‐19, and the embodiment of risk’ | Drawing on the voice of a woman NHS frontline Doctor during the current Covid‐19 pandemic, we explore her lived experience of the embodiment of risk in the crisis. We explore her struggles and difficulties, giving her voice, and mobilising our writing to listen to these experiences, reflecting on them as a way of livin... |
Estimation of incubation period and generation time based on observed length‐biased epidemic cohort with censoring for COVID‐19 outbreak in China | The incubation period and generation time are key characteristics in the analysis of infectious diseases. The commonly used contact‐tracing based estimation of incubation distribution is highly influenced by the individuals' judgment on the possible date of exposure, and might lead to significant errors. On the other h... |
Early network properties of the COVID-19 pandemic – the Chinese scenario | OBJECTIVES: To control epidemics, sites more affected by mortality should be identified. METHODS: Defining epidemic nodes as areas that included both most fatalities per time unit and connections, such as highways, geo-temporal Chinese data on the COVID-19 epidemic were investigated with linear, logarithmic, power, gro... |
Hidden Costs of Biodefense Research | |
Fc receptors in antibody‐dependent enhancement of viral infections | Sensitization of the humoral immune response to invading viruses and production of antiviral antibodies forms part of the host antiviral repertoire. Paradoxically, for a number of viral pathogens, under certain conditions, antibodies provide an attractive means of enhanced virus entry and replication in a number of cel... |
Obstetrics Risk Assessment: Evaluation of Selection Criteria for Vaccine Research Studies in Pregnant Women | Vaccines designed for use in pregnancy and vaccine trials specifically involving pregnant women are rapidly expanding. One of the key challenges in designing maternal immunization trials is that developing exclusion criteria requires understanding and quantifying the background risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes in th... |
Low-level contamination of deoxynivalenol: A threat from environmental toxins to porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection | Mycotoxins are toxic metabolites produced by fungal species that commonly present in the global environment, especially in cereals and animal forages. The changing global environment may further increase the exposure to these toxins, posing a serious threat to humans and animals. Recently, coronavirus has become one of... |
Identification of agents effective against multiple toxins and viruses by host-oriented cell targeting | A longstanding and still-increasing threat to the effective treatment of infectious diseases is resistance to antimicrobial countermeasures. Potentially, the targeting of host proteins and pathways essential for the detrimental effects of pathogens offers an approach that may discover broad-spectrum anti-pathogen count... |
7 Antisense Oligonucleotides and RNA Interference | Antisense technology presents an opportunity to manipulate gene expression within the cells to treat various diseases, and acts as a powerful tool for studying gene function utilizing antisense agents to manage the diseases by regulating the expression of the specific factor that actually causes the particular disease.... |
Reduction of hospitalizations for myocardial infarction in Italy in the COVID-19 era | AIMS: To evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patient admissions to Italian cardiac care units (CCUs). METHODS AND RESULTS: We conducted a multicentre, observational, nationwide survey to collect data on admissions for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) at Italian CCUs throughout a 1 week period during the CO... |
Genome replication/expression strategies of positive-strand RNA viruses: A simple version of a combinatorial classification and prediction of new strategies | A combinatorial approach to the classification of replication/expression strategies of positive-strand RNA virus genomes is suggested. Eighteen genome strategies defined as combinations of distinct modes of expression and replication are briefly characterized, 10 of which have been actually found in diverse virus group... |
Neurological manifestations and complications of COVID-19: A Literature Review | Abstract The Coronavirus disease due to SARS-CoV-2 emerged in Wuhan city, China in December 2109 and rapidly spread to more than 200 countries as a global health pandemic. There are more than 2.3 million confirmed cases and around 165,000 fatalities. The primary manifestation is respiratory and cardiac but neurological... |
You're only as young as your immune system | There has never been a more important time to keep your immune system fit and healthy. And as Graham Lawton discovers, there are now ways to keep it younger than you are |
Etymologia: Coronavirus | |
Early Experience With COVID-19 and Solid Organ Transplantation at a US High-volume Transplant Center | The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 [coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)] poses unique challenges for immunosuppressed patients. Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients comprise a large proportion of this group, yet there is limited knowledge about the presentation, clinical course, and immunosuppression management of thi... |
The COVID-19 Catalyst: Analysis of a Tertiary Academic Institution’s Rapid Assimilation of Telemedicine | INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic forced all urology practices to reconsider the necessity of face-to-face office encounters. Seeking to reduce patient exposure, our urologic oncology office made an immediate transition to telemedicine and this study reports our experience. METHODS: Beginning March 17, 2020 the urolo... |
Host Tissue and Glycan Binding Specificities of Avian Viral Attachment Proteins Using Novel Avian Tissue Microarrays | The initial interaction between viral attachment proteins and the host cell is a critical determinant for the susceptibility of a host for a particular virus. To increase our understanding of avian pathogens and the susceptibility of poultry species, we developed novel avian tissue microarrays (TMAs). Tissue binding pr... |
Comparison of Infant Gut and Skin Microbiota, Resistome and Virulome Between Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) Environments | Background: There is a growing move to provide care for premature infants in a single family, private room neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in place of the traditional shared space, open bay NICU. The resultant effect on the developing neonatal microbiota is unknown. Study Design: Stool and groin skin swabs were col... |
Medical issues associated with commercial flights | Summary Almost 2 billion people travel aboard commercial airlines every year. Health-care providers and travellers need to be aware of the potential health risks associated with air travel. Environmental and physiological changes that occur during routine commercial flights lead to mild hypoxia and gas expansion, which... |
Optimal professional development ICT training initiatives at flagship universities | This study explores best practices and roles of information and communication technology (ICT) in select professional development centers at 16 flagship universities. Through adopting a qualitative case study design, this study explores the strengths and weaknesses of current technology training initiatives in the sele... |
Lamp for tadpoles | |
COVID‐19 and gastrointestinal endoscopies: current insights and emergent strategies | A new coronavirus emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan city of China, named as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), and disease was called as coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19). The infection due to this virus spread exponentially throughout China and then spread across >205 nations, includin... |
New onset acute symptomatic seizure and risk factors in coronavirus disease 2019: A retrospective multicenter study | Our aim was to clarify the incidence and risk of acute symptomatic seizures in people with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). This multicenter retrospective study enrolled people with COVID‐19 from January 18 to February 18, 2020 at 42 government‐designated hospitals in Hubei province, the epicenter of the epidemic i... |
Industrial seafood systems in the immobilizing COVID-19 moment | |
Cyclophilins and cyclophilin inhibitors in nidovirus replication | Abstract Cyclophilins (Cyps) belong to the family of peptidyl-prolyl isomerases (PPIases). The PPIase activity of most Cyps is inhibited by the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A and several of its non-immunosuppressive analogs, which can also block the replication of nidoviruses (arteriviruses and coronaviruses). Cy... |
Analysis of Gastrointestinal and Hepatic Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in 892 patients in Queens, NY | |
Virus-like particle-based vaccines for animal viral infections | Vaccination is considered one of the most effective ways to control pathogens and prevent diseases in humans as well as in the veterinary field. Traditional vaccines against animal viral diseases are based on inactivated or attenuated viruses, but new subunit vaccines are gaining attention from researchers in animal va... |
P.062 Human coronavirus NL63 and 229E seroconversion in children | |
Can a toilet promote virus transmission? From a fluid dynamics perspective | Currently, a novel coronavirus named “SARS-CoV-2” is spreading rapidly across the world, causing a public health crisis, economic losses, and panic. Fecal–oral transmission is a common transmission route for many viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. Blocking the path of fecal–oral transmission, which occurs commonly in toile... |
Sensitivity and Specificity of Soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1, Midregional Proatrial Natriuretic Peptide and Midregional Proadrenomedullin for Distinguishing Etiology and to Assess Severity in Community-Acquired Pneumonia | STUDY DESIGN: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1), midregional proatrial natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP) and midregional proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM) to distinguish bacterial from viral community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and to iden... |
Human adenovirus in nasopharyngeal and blood samples from children with and without respiratory tract infections | Abstract Background Human adenovirus (HAdV) is a double-stranded DNA virus associated with respiratory tract infections (RTI) in children. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests, HAdV often is detected together with other virus species, even in healthy controls. Objectives The aim of this study was to compare mole... |
What are the main patient safety concerns of healthcare stakeholders: a mixed-method study of Web-based text | Abstract Objectives Various healthcare stakeholders define quality of care in different ways. Public policy could advocate all these concerns. This study was conducted to identify the main themes on patient safety of stakeholders expressed before and after the Patient Safety Act was enacted in Korea in 2015. Design Lon... |
Increase in COVID‐19 cases and case‐fatality and case‐recovery rates in Europe: A cross‐temporal meta‐analysis | The new coronavirus (COVID‐19) infection reported in China in December 2019 has become a pandemic in a few weeks, affecting the entire world. In this respect, it is crucial to determine the case‐increase, case‐fatality, and case‐recovery rates to control COVID‐19. In this study, the case‐increase, case‐fatality, and ca... |
Correction to Lancet Respir Med 2020; 8: 506–17 | |
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in children | |
Strategies for vaccine design for corona virus using Immunoinformatics techniques | The cutting-edge technology vaccinomics is the combination of two topics immunogenetics and immunogenomics with the knowledge of systems biology and immune profiling for designing vaccine against infectious disease. In our present study, an epitope-based peptide vaccine against nonstructural protein 4 of beta coronavir... |
A letter of solidarity during the COVID‐19 Pandemic | The coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic has had a substantial impact on the lives of most of the worlds’ population. We are aware that for liver disease patients this has been especially concerning. The editorial from Sun and colleagues [1] provides an overview of the major challenges facing liver specialists as th... |
Ratcheting down the virulence of SARS‐CoV‐2 in the COVID‐19 pandemic | Muller's Ratchet predicts that when mutation rates are high and a significant proportion of mutations are deleterious, a kind of irreversible ratchet mechanism will gradually decrease the mean fitness of small populations of asexual organisms. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. |
Perspectives in veterinary medicine: Description and classification of bronchiolar disorders in cats | This Perspectives in Veterinary Medicine article seeks to define, describe putative causes, and discuss key diagnostic tests for primary and secondary bronchiolar disorders to propose a classification scheme in cats with support from a literature review and case examples. The small airways (bronchioles with inner diame... |
Cellular Interactions of Liposomes and PISA Nanoparticles during Human Blood Flow in a Microvascular Network | A key concept in nanomedicine is encapsulating therapeutic or diagnostic agents inside nanoparticles to prolong blood circulation time and to enhance interactions with targeted cells. During circulation and depending on the selected application (e.g., cancer drug delivery or immune modulators), nanoparticles are requir... |
Nonproliferative and Proliferative Lesions of the Gastrointestinal Tract, Pancreas and Salivary Glands of the Rat and Mouse | The INHAND (International Harmonization of Nomenclature and Diagnostic Criteria for Lesions in Rats and Mice) project is a joint initiative of the Societies of Toxicologic Pathology from Europe (ESTP), Great Britain (BSTP), Japan (JSTP), and North America (STP) to develop an internationally accepted nomenclature and di... |
A fractionally integrated autoregressive moving average approach to forecasting tourism demand | The primary aim of this paper is to incorporate fractionally integrated ARMA (p, d, q) (ARFIMA) models into tourism forecasting, and to compare the accuracy of forecasts with those obtained by previous studies. The models are estimated using the volume of monthly international tourist arrivals in Singapore. Empirical f... |
The COVID‐19 pandemic: Is it a “Black Swan”? Some risk management challenges in common with chemical process safety | |
Epidemiology and causes of preterm birth | Summary This paper is the first in a three-part series on preterm birth, which is the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality in developed countries. Infants are born preterm at less than 37 weeks' gestational age after: (1) spontaneous labour with intact membranes, (2) preterm premature rupture of the membr... |
Nosology expansion: not always for health’s sake | |
Protective roles of Cordyceps on lung fibrosis in cellular and rat models | Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance Cordyceps sinensis is a fungus used in traditional Chinese medicine as a tonic to soothe the lung for the treatment of fatigue and respiratory diseases. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic, irreversible and debilitating lung disease showing fibroblast/myofibroblast expansi... |
Coronavirus (COVID-19) Fulminant Myopericarditis and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) in a Middle-Aged Male Patient | Myopericarditis remains a prominent infectious inflammatory disorder throughout a patient’s lifetime. Moreover, viral pathogens have been proven to be the leading contributors to myopericarditis in the pediatric and adult populations. Despite the current comprehensive knowledge of myocardial injury in viral and post-vi... |
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