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Encefalomielite acuta disseminata | L’encefalomielite acuta disseminata (EMAD) è una malattia infiammatoria autoimmune che coinvolge il cervello e il midollo spinale. Descritta soprattutto nel bambino, generalmente fa seguito a un episodio infettivo o a una vaccinazione, ma può essere idiopatica. La sua presentazione clinica comprende un’encefalopatia ac... |
Viral evasion of DNA-stimulated innate immune responses | Cellular sensing of virus-derived nucleic acids is essential for early defenses against virus infections. In recent years, the discovery of DNA sensing proteins, including cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS) and gamma-interferon-inducible protein (IFI16), has led to understanding of how cells evoke strong innate immune resp... |
Prevalence and outcomes of Guillain-Barré syndrome among pediatrics in Saudi Arabia: a 10-year retrospective study | BACKGROUND: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a progressive acute form of paralysis most probably secondary to an immune-mediated process. GBS among Saudis has been seldom investigated, which leaves both clinicians and researchers with scarcity in knowledge. Therefore, this study aims to assess the prevalence and clinic... |
Prevalence and Phylogeny of Coronaviruses in Wild Birds from the Bering Strait Area (Beringia) | Coronaviruses (CoVs) can cause mild to severe disease in humans and animals, their host range and environmental spread seem to have been largely underestimated, and they are currently being investigated for their potential medical relevance. Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) belongs to gamma-coronaviruses and causes a ... |
Penn Medicine Head and Neck Cancer Service Line COVID‐19 management guidelines | INTRODUCTION: The COVID‐19 pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) virus has altered the health care environment for the management of head and neck cancers. The purpose of these guidelines is to provide direction during the pandemic for rational Head and Neck Cancer manageme... |
Spatially Adjusted Time-varying Reproductive Numbers: Understanding the Geographical Expansion of Urban Dengue Outbreaks | The basic reproductive number (R(0)) is a fundamental measure used to quantify the transmission potential of an epidemic in public health practice. However, R(0) cannot reflect the time-varying nature of an epidemic. A time-varying effective reproductive number R(t) can provide more information because it tracks the su... |
Multiscale Biofluidic and Nanobiotechnology Approaches for Treating Sepsis in Extracorporeal Circuits | Infectious diseases and their pandemics periodically attract public interests due to difficulty in treating the patients and the consequent high mortality. Sepsis caused by an imbalanced systemic inflammatory response to infection often leads to organ failure and death. The current therapeutic intervention mainly inclu... |
Emergency tracheal intubation in the COVID-19 context: is it any different? Comment on Br J Anaesth 2020, xxx | |
Resonance assignment of nsp7α from arterivirus | The (1)H, (15)N and (13)C resonance assignment of nsp7α, a non-structural protein of unknown function from the equine arteritis virus, is reported. |
VP leads student affairs unit in pandemic hot spot | Leading a student affairs unit during a global pandemic has enough challenges. But when your institution is located in one of the nation's COVID‐19 hot spots, the challenges could seem insurmountable. |
Viral RNA structure-based strategies to manipulate translation | Viruses are obligate cellular parasites that must co-opt the cellular translation machinery. Eukaryote-infecting viruses have evolved a variety of ways to manipulate the cellular translation apparatus, in many cases using elegant RNA-centered strategies. These viral RNAs can alter or control every phase of the protein-... |
Skin manifestations of COVID-19 resembling acute limb ischemia | |
Optimizing antibiotic selection in treating COPD exacerbations | Our understanding of the etiology, pathogenesis and consequences of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has increased substantially in the last decade. Several new lines of evidence demonstrate that bacterial isolation from sputum during acute exacerbation in many instances reflects a ca... |
WHO statement- “Older people are at highest risk from COVID-19”: Should the hypothesis be corroborated or rejected? | Coronavirus COVID 19 has become a threat to mankind affecting millions of people worldwide. United States, Italy and Spain has the highest number of Coronavirus cases as of April 30, 2020. According to World Health Organization (WHO) statement- “Older people are at highest risk from COVID-19”. However, in contrast to t... |
First Discovery of Acetone Extract from Cottonseed Oil Sludge as a Novel Antiviral Agent against Plant Viruses | A novel acetone extract from cottonseed oil sludge was firstly discovered against plant viruses including Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), Rice stripe virus (RSV) and Southern rice black streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV). Gossypol and β-sitosterol separated from the acetone extract were tested for their effects on anti-TMV and ... |
Macro and non-macro explanatory factors of Chinese hotel stock returns | Abstract This study investigates the link between macro and non-macro explanatory factors and Chinese hotel stock returns. Macro variables include growth rates of industrial production and imports, discount rates, yield spread and inflation rate. In addition, growth rate of total foreign tourist arrivals ( Δ TA ) was i... |
Oral administration of chestnut tannins to reduce the duration of neonatal calf diarrhea | BACKGROUND: Neonatal calf diarrhea is generally caused by infectious agents and is a very common disease in bovine practice, leading to substantial economic losses. Tannins are known for their astringent and anti-inflammatory properties in the gastro-enteric tract. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of th... |
Improving the Diagnosis of Bloodstream Infections: PCR Coupled with Mass Spectrometry | The reference method for the diagnosis of bloodstream infections is blood culture followed by biochemical identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing of the isolated pathogen. This process requires 48 to 72 hours. The rapid administration of the most appropriate antimicrobial treatment is crucial for the survi... |
Chapter 67 Acute Exacerbations of COPD | Publisher Summary There has been considerable recent interest into the causes and mechanisms of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as COPD exacerbations are an important cause of the considerable morbidity and mortality found in COPD. COPD exacerbations increase with increasing severity of CO... |
Synthesis of Fe(3)O(4)@silica/poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) as a novel thermo-responsive system for controlled release of H(3)PMo(12)O(40) nano drug in AC magnetic field | In this work, a new method is introduced for synthesis of nano drug for the first time. H(3)PMo(12)O(40) and Fe(3)O(4)@SiO(2)/poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), were prepared as nano drug and magneto thermally responsive nano-carrier respectively. Then the released behavior of H(3)PMo(12)O(40) nano-drug from this thermo-resp... |
Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Cardiovascular System: A Narrative Review | At the end of 2019, a viral pneumonia disease called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2), emerged in Wuhan, China. This novel disease rapidly spread at an alarming rate that as a result, it has now been declared pandemic by the World Health... |
Epidemiological trends and the effect of airport fever screening on prevention of domestic dengue fever outbreaks in Taiwan, 1998–2007 | Summary Objective This study aimed to examine the epidemiological trends in dengue infection and the impact of imported cases and airport fever screening on community transmission in Taiwan, a dengue non-endemic island. Methods All of the dengue case data were obtained from the surveillance system of the Taiwan Center ... |
Transmission dynamics and evolutionary history of 2019‐nCoV | To investigate the time origin, genetic diversity, and transmission dynamics of the recent 2019‐nCoV outbreak in China and beyond, a total of 32 genomes of virus strains sampled from China, Thailand, and the USA with sampling dates between 24 December 2019 and 23 January 2020 were analyzed. Phylogenetic, transmission n... |
Inosine pranobex is safe and effective for the treatment of subjects with confirmed acute respiratory viral infections: analysis and subgroup analysis from a Phase 4, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind study | BACKGROUND: Inosine pranobex (Isoprinosine®) is an immunomodulatory drug approved in several countries for the treatment of viral infections. This study compared the efficacy and safety of inosine pranobex versus placebo in subjects with clinically diagnosed influenza-like illness, including subjects with laboratory-co... |
Chapter 19 The Immunophysiology of Male Reproduction | Abstract There is a close functional relationship between the male reproductive and immune systems. Immunological responses against sperm antigens or other elements of the reproductive tract can lead to androgen insufficiency, infertility, or chronic inflammation. Systemic or local immune activation and inflammation di... |
Parallel evolution of influenza across multiple spatiotemporal scales | Viral variants that arise in the global influenza population begin as de novo mutations in single infected hosts, but the evolutionary dynamics that transform within-host variation to global genetic diversity are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that influenza evolution within infected humans recapitulates many ... |
Bulges in nucleic acids | |
Impact of corticosteroid therapy on outcomes of persons with SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, or MERS-CoV infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis | We performed a meta-analysis to determine safety and efficacy of corticosteroids in SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV infections. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, WanFang Chinese database, and ZhiWang Chinese database using Boolean operators and search terms covering SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, OR MERS-CoV AND c... |
Issues in vaccinology: Present challenges and future directions | Vaccination is a principal and highly cost‐effective means of controlling infectious diseases, providing direct protection against pathogens by conferring long‐lasting immunological memory and inducing population‐level herd immunity. Despite rapid ongoing progress in vaccinology, there remain many obstacles to the deve... |
Is BCG vaccination causally related to reduced COVID‐19 mortality? | The ongoing severe acute respiratory sickness coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) pandemic has resulted in more than 3,600,000 detected cases of COVID‐19 illness and nearly 260,000 deaths worldwide as of May 6, 2020. Recently, BCG vaccination was shown to correlate with reduced COVID‐19 case fatality rates (preprint: Miller et ... |
Potential Biases in Estimating Absolute and Relative Case-Fatality Risks during Outbreaks | Estimating the case-fatality risk (CFR)—the probability that a person dies from an infection given that they are a case—is a high priority in epidemiologic investigation of newly emerging infectious diseases and sometimes in new outbreaks of known infectious diseases. The data available to estimate the overall CFR are ... |
Effectiveness of zinc supplementation on diarrhea and average daily gain in pre-weaned dairy calves: A double-blind, block-randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial | The objective of this clinical trial was to evaluate the effectiveness of zinc supplementation on diarrhea and average daily weight gain (ADG) in pre-weaned dairy calves. A total of 1,482 healthy Holstein heifer and bull calves from a large California dairy were enrolled at 24 to 48 hours of age until hutch exit at app... |
COVID-19: Recommendations for regional anesthesia | • Consider using regional anesthesia during the COVID-19 pandemic whenever possible; • The presence of COVID-19 infection is not a contraindication to performing neuraxial anesthesia. • An experienced provider should perform regional anesthesia procedures. • If possible, patient consent should be obtained verbally or d... |
The impacts of the novel SARS-CoV-2 outbreak on surgical oncology - A letter to the editor on “The socio-economic implications of the coronavirus and COVID-19 pandemic: A review” | |
Recommendations for local-regional anesthesia during the COVID-19 pandemic | Abstract Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, many questions have come up regarding safe anesthesia management of patients with the disease. Regional anesthesia, whether peripheral nerve or neuraxial, is a safe alternative for managing patients with COVID-19, by choosing modalities that mitigate pulmonary func... |
The expression and antigenicity of a truncated spike-nucleocapsid fusion protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus | BACKGROUND: In the absence of effective drugs, controlling SARS relies on the rapid identification of cases and appropriate management of the close contacts, or effective vaccines for SARS. Therefore, developing specific and sensitive laboratory tests for SARS as well as effective vaccines are necessary for national au... |
A rationale and framework for seeking remote electronic or phone consent approval in endovascular stroke trials – special relevance in the COVID-19 environment and beyond | BACKGROUND: Enrollment in time-sensitive endovascular stroke trials can be challenging because of an inability to consent a debilitated patient. Often the legally authorized representative is not on site. Remote consent procedures in the US are inconsistent with the majority of sites shunning these approaches. The curr... |
Spatial Statistics and Influencing Factors of the COVID-19 Epidemic at Both Prefecture and County Levels in Hubei Province, China | The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic has had a crucial influence on people’s lives and socio-economic development. An understanding of the spatiotemporal patterns and influencing factors of the COVID-19 epidemic on multiple scales could benefit the control of the outbreak. Therefore, we used spatial autocor... |
Frontline workers sound the alarm: be always sure you’re right, then go ahead | Amid personal protective equipment shortage, clinicians, nurses, and other frontline workers across the world have faced threatening and/or firing for self-protection during this coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This perspective describes the different challenges that the stressed and overworked frontline ... |
Patient Care Rounds in the Intensive Care Unit During COVID-19 | |
Feline Coronavirus 3c Protein: A Candidate for a Virulence Marker? | Feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) is highly virulent and responsible for the highly fatal disease feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), whereas feline enteric coronavirus (FECV) is widespread among the feline population and typically causes asymptomatic infections. Some candidates for genetic markers capable of... |
Unraveling the Molecular Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Formulas Against Acute Airway Viral Infections as Examples | Herbal medicine, including traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is widely used worldwide. Herbs and TCM formulas contain numerous active molecules. Basically, they are a kind of cocktail therapy. Herb-drug, herb-food, herb-herb, herb-microbiome, and herb-disease interactions are complex. There is potential for both bene... |
Human coronavirus ocurrence in different populations of Sao Paulo: A comprehensive nine-year study using a pancoronavirus RT-PCR assay | Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) are considered one of the most common respiratory viruses associated with respiratory tract illnesses. An emergent human coronavirus was identified as the causal agent of an epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) during 2002–2003. The severity of the disease combined with its r... |
Hydrogen peroxide mouthwash | |
Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Human Metapneumovirus in Influenza A Negative Sample in Thailand | BACKGROUND: Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) causes respiratory tract infection in influenza‐like illness. The role of hMPV infections in all age groups in Thailand has not yet been investigated. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine prevalence of hMPV infection in all age groups in Thailand during 2011. METHO... |
Lessons for COVID-19 immunity from other coronavirus infections | Abstract A key goal to controlling COVID-19 is developing an effective vaccine. Development of a vaccine requires knowledge of what constitutes a protective immune response and also features that might be pathogenic. Protective and pathogenic aspects of the response to SARS-CoV-2 are not well understood, partly because... |
Influence of interferon-based drugs on immunological indices in specific prevention | AIM: The research aimed to study the effect of interferon (IFN)-based drugs on the behavior of immunological parameters in calves during the specific prevention of associative infections. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The object of research was 45 black motley cows and their calves from birth to 2 months of life. Serum and co... |
Ascertaining the impact of public rapid transit system on spread of dengue in urban settings | Abstract Urbanization is an important factor contributing to the global spread of dengue in recent decades, especially in tropical regions. However, the impact of public transportation system on local spread of dengue in urban settings remains poorly understood, due to the difficulty in collecting relevant locality, tr... |
Malaria vaccines: high-throughput tools for antigens discovery with potential for their development | Malaria is a disease induced by parasites of the Plasmodium genus, which are transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes and represents a great socio-economic burden Worldwide. Plasmodium vivax is the second species of malaria Worldwide, but it is the most prevalent in Latin America and other regions of the planet. It is curre... |
Identifying outbreaks of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea virus through animal movements and spatial neighborhoods | The spread of pathogens in swine populations is in part determined by movements of animals between farms. However, understanding additional characteristics that predict disease outbreaks and uncovering landscape factors related to between-farm spread are crucial steps toward risk mitigation. This study integrates anima... |
Challenge models to assess new therapies in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Current therapies confer partial benefits either by incompletely improving airflow limitation or by reducing acute exacerbations, hence new therapies are desirable. In the absence of robust early predictors of clinical efficacy, t... |
Respiratory viruses involved in influenza‐like illness in a Greek pediatric population during the winter period of the years 2005–2008, | Viruses are the major cause of pediatric respiratory tract infection and yet many suspected cases of illness remain uncharacterized. This study aimed to determine the distribution of several respiratory viruses in children diagnosed as having influenza‐like illness, over the winter period of 2005–2008. Molecular assays... |
Chapter 3 Wastewater remediation via combo-technology | Abstract The availability of safe water has been an ongoing problem and is becoming worse with increasing urbanization and population density. Only about 30% of the fresh water total is available on earth, in groundwater and surface water, for drinking and other daily human activities as well as industrial and agricult... |
Does the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic Call for a New Model of Older People Care? | |
FastViromeExplorer: a pipeline for virus and phage identification and abundance profiling in metagenomics data | With the increase in the availability of metagenomic data generated by next generation sequencing, there is an urgent need for fast and accurate tools for identifying viruses in host-associated and environmental samples. In this paper, we developed a stand-alone pipeline called FastViromeExplorer for the detection and ... |
Plausible role of combination of Chlorpromazine hydrochloride and Teicoplanin against COVID-19 | [Figure: see text] Structure of COVID-19 Virus; Plausible role of combination of Chlorpromazine hydrochloride and Teicoplanin in controlling COVID-19 replication, where Chlorpromazine hydrochloride inhibiting binding of virus to Clathrin pits and Teicoplanin inhibiting inhibiting low pH cleavage of viral spike protein |
The Innate Antiviral Response in Animals: An Evolutionary Perspective from Flagellates to Humans | Animal cells have evolved dedicated molecular systems for sensing and delivering a coordinated response to viral threats. Our understanding of these pathways is almost entirely defined by studies in humans or model organisms like mice, fruit flies and worms. However, new genomic and functional data from organisms such ... |
Fatal Eosinophilic Myocarditis in a Healthy 17-Year-Old Male with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2c) | Background: Cardiac damage is frequently referred to in patients with SARS-CoV-2, is usually diagnosed by enzyme elevations, and is generally thought to be due to underlying coronary artery disease. There are references to cardiomyopathies accompanying coronavirus, but there has been no histologic confirmation. Case re... |
A TaqMan-probe-based multiplex real-time RT-qPCR for simultaneous detection of porcine enteric coronaviruses | Swine enteric coronaviruses are a group of most significant pathogens causing diarrhea in piglets with similar clinical symptoms and pathological changes. To develop a simple, rapid, accurate, and high-throughput detection method for diagnosis and differential diagnosis on swine enteric coronaviruses, specific primers ... |
miRNA-36 inhibits KSHV, EBV, HSV-2 infection of cells via stifling expression of interferon induced transmembrane protein 1 (IFITM1) | Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is etiologically associated with all forms of Kaposi’s sarcoma worldwide. Little is currently known about the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in KSHV entry. We recently demonstrated that KSHV induces a plethora of host cell miRNAs during the early stages of infection. In this s... |
Announcing Swine Flu and the Interpretation of Pandemic Anxiety | This paper discusses the ways in which 2009 novel swine‐origin influenza A (H1N1) was announced and resonated with current pandemic anxieties. In particular, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) are used as a lens through which recent pandemic anxieties can be analysed and understood. This entails a ... |
Helicobacter pylori VacA Suppresses Lactobacillus acidophilus-Induced Interferon Beta Signaling in Macrophages via Alterations in the Endocytic Pathway | Helicobacter pylori causes chronic gastritis and avoids elimination by the immune system of the infected host. The commensal bacterium Lactobacillus acidophilus has been suggested to exert beneficial effects as a supplement during H. pylori eradication therapy. In the present study, we applied whole-genome microarray a... |
Management of uncertainty orderings through ASP | Abstract Traditionally, most of the proposed probabilistic models of decision under uncertainty rely on numerical measures and representations. Alternative proposals call for qualitative (non-numerical) treatment of uncertainty, based on preference relations and belief orders. The automation of both numerical and non-n... |
Optimizing Access to Heart Failure Care in Canada during the COVID-19 Pandemic | The traditional model of heart failure (HF) care in Canada, which relies upon a multi-disciplinary team and clinic based care processes, has been undermined as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. As the pandemic continues, we will be challenged to improve or maintain the health status of those with HF by optimizing guid... |
Angiotensin receptor blockers for the treatment of covid-19 and its comorbidities | |
Correspondence: Importance of the validated serum biochemistry and hemogram parameters for rapid diagnosis and to prevent false negative results during COVID‐19 pandemic | COVID‐19 threatens millions of lives, especially elderly population and people with chronic diseases including diabetes, hypertension, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Rapid and effective diagnoses are vital for the isolation of infected people and starting treatment immediately to stop the spread of COVID‐19 virus... |
Reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) for rapid detection of viral hemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHS) | Abstract A one step reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay was developed for detection of viral hemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHS). A set of six primers were designed, based on the G-protein sequence of the VHS virus serotypes (He, F1, 23.75, Klapmolle and Rindsholm). The assay wa... |
The Dilemma of Renin Angiotensin System Blockers in Coronavirus Disease (Covid‐19): Insights on the Lung Fluid Handling and Gas Exchange in Heart Failure Patients | |
Outcome of COVID‐19 in liver transplant recipients: A preliminary report from Northwestern Italy | Covid‐19 pandemic is deeply affecting transplant activity worldwide. It is unclear whether solid organ transplant recipients are at increased risk of developing severe complications and how they should be managed, also concerning immunosuppression. This is a report about the course and management of SARS‐CoV‐2 infectio... |
Metagenomic sequencing with spiked primer enrichment for viral diagnostics and genomic surveillance | Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS), the shotgun sequencing of RNA and DNA from clinical samples, has proved useful for broad-spectrum pathogen detection and the genomic surveillance of viral outbreaks. An additional target enrichment step is generally needed for high-sensitivity pathogen identification in lo... |
Central nervous system recruitment of effector memory CD8(+) T lymphocytes during neuroinflammation is dependent on α4 integrin | Clonally expanded CD8(+) T lymphocytes are present in multiple sclerosis lesions, as well as in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis. In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, CD8(+) T lymphocytes are found in spinal cord and brainstem lesions. However, the exact phenotype of central nervous ... |
Canine caliciviruses of four serotypes from military and research dogs recovered in 1963−1978 belong to two phylogenetic clades in the Vesivirus genus | BACKGROUND: Vesiviruses (family Caliciviridae) had been shown capable of invading a variety of host species, raising concern of their zoonotic potential. Since the 1980’s, several canine caliciviruses (CaCV) isolates have been reported and are phylogenetically related to the vesiviruses with features distinct from both... |
COVID‐19 and fiscal space for health system in Pakistan: It is time for a policy decision | Most developing countries with weak economies and low GDPs strive to invest an optimal amount of budget to health sector. Compounding on this state of affairs is their inherent inefficiency to spend even that meager amount on the welfare of the patients, improving service delivery, motivating their workforce and making... |
Critical role of cytochrome c1 and its cleavage in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus nonstructural protein 4-induced cell apoptosis via interaction with nsp4 | Abstract Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) actively induces cell apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo, which can contribute critically to viral pathogenesis. Previous studies have shown that the PRRSV nonstructural protein 4 (nsp4) is an important mediator of this process, but the underlying mo... |
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS): The Pharmacist's Role | Objectives. After two outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) occurred in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, from March–June 2003, we reviewed the unexpected role and responsibilities of pharmacists during these two crises, and present strategies for better crisis preparedness. Methods and Results. Pharmacists wer... |
Snoek-type damping performance in strong and ductile high-entropy alloys | Noise and mechanical vibrations not only cause damage to devices, but also present major public health hazards. High-damping alloys that eliminate noise and mechanical vibrations are therefore required. Yet, low operating temperatures and insufficient strength/ductility ratios in currently available high-damping alloys... |
80-year-old man with dyspnoea and bilateral groundglass infiltrates: an elusive case of COVID-19 | COVID-19 is a novel viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 virus, first identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019. COVID-19 has spread rapidly and is now considered a global pandemic. We present a case of a patient with minimal respiratory symptoms but prominent bilateral groundglas... |
(18)F-FDG PET/CT in asymptomatic patients with COVID-19: the submerged iceberg surfaces | OBJECTIVE: The aim of this case series is to describe our experience in diagnosis and management of oncological asymptomatic patients with COVID-19 who underwent (18)F-FDG PET/CT. METHODS: From March 9 to March 31, 2020, we identified 5 patients who had PET/CT findings suspicious for COVID-19, but no symptom of infecti... |
Management of Patient Flow in Vascular and Interventional Radiology During MERS-CoV Outbreak | Abstract In 2015, an outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus occurred in Saudi Arabia and necessitated special measures to be implemented to control the spread of the virus. In this article, we will discuss how the outbreak was managed in the vascular and interventional radiology (VIR) suite in a large... |
Detecting Virus‐Like Particles from the Umgeni River, South Africa | It is important to consider viruses in water quality because of their incidence as causal agents for diarrhoeal disease, and due to their characteristics, which allow them to survive in changing environmental conditions indefinitely. This study assessed the viral quality of the Umgeni River in South Africa seasonally. ... |
The Epitope and Neutralization Mechanism of AVFluIgG01, a Broad-Reactive Human Monoclonal Antibody against H5N1 Influenza Virus | The continued spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus underscores the importance of effective antiviral approaches. AVFluIgG01 is a potent and broad-reactive H5N1-neutralizing human monoclonal antibody (mAb) showing great potential for use either for therapeutic purposes or as a basis of vaccine d... |
Epimedium koreanum Nakai Water Extract Exhibits Antiviral Activity against Porcine Epidermic Diarrhea Virus In Vitro and In Vivo | Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) causes diarrhea of pigs age-independently and death of young piglets, resulting in economic loss of porcine industry. We have screened 333 natural oriental herbal medicines to search for new antiviral candidates against PEDV. We found that two herbal extracts, KIOM 198 and KIOM 12... |
The Genome Landscape of the African Green Monkey Kidney-Derived Vero Cell Line | Continuous cell lines that originate from mammalian tissues serve as not only invaluable tools for life sciences, but also important animal cell substrates for the production of various types of biological pharmaceuticals. Vero cells are susceptible to various types of microbes and toxins and have widely contributed to... |
Covid-19 in South Korea — Challenges of Subclinical Manifestations | |
The origins of cellular life | All life on earth can be naturally classified into cellular life forms and virus-like selfish elements, the latter being fully dependent on the former for their reproduction. Cells are reproducers that not only replicate their genome but also reproduce the cellular organization that depends on semipermeable, energy-tra... |
Psychological stress of medical staffs during outbreak of COVID‐19 and adjustment strategy | COVID‐19 has a significant impact on public health and poses a challenge to medical staffs, especially to front‐line medical staffs who are exposed to direct contact with patients. To understand the psychological stress status of medical staffs during the outbreak of COVID‐19. Random sample questionnaire survey was con... |
Epidemiological and clinical features of human metapneumovirus in hospitalised paediatric patients with acute respiratory illness: a cross-sectional study in Southern China, from 2013 to 2016 | OBJECTIVES: Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is one of the most important respiratory viral pathogens affecting infants and children worldwide. Our study describes the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of HMPV present in patients hospitalised with acute respiratory illness (ARI) in Guangzhou, Southern China. STU... |
How Has COVID‐19 Impacted Your Work? | |
The history of respiratory disease management | Abstract Over the past 200 years lung diseases have shifted from infections – tuberculosis, pneumonia – to diseases of dirty air – chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma and lung cancer. New diseases have emerged from industrial pollution and HIV infection, while better imaging has revealed others previously unr... |
Globalisation in the time of COVID-19: repositioning Africa to meet the immediate and remote challenges | The COVID-19 pandemic has ushered in a new climate of uncertainty which is fuelling protectionism and playing into nationalist narratives. Globalisation is under significant threat as governments scramble to reduce their vulnerability to the virus by limiting global trade and flows of people. With the imposition of bor... |
Green Chemicals from Used Cooking Oils: Trends, Challenges and Opportunities | Food waste reduction is fundamental for sustainable development and pursuing this goal, recycling and the valorization of used cooking oil (UCO) can play a major contribution. Although it has been traditionally used for biofuels production, the oleochemical potential of UCOs is vast. UCOs can be used as feedstock for a... |
Detection of three human adenovirus species in adults with acute respiratory infection in China | Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are recognized as causal agents in a wide range of human diseases. However, researchers lack sufficient data on the exact HAdV species and serotypes associated with adult acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs). To detect and characterize HAdV infections in adults in China, clinical specim... |
Agent-based modeling of host–pathogen systems: The successes and challenges | Abstract Agent-based models have been employed to describe numerous processes in immunology. Simulations based on these types of models have been used to enhance our understanding of immunology and disease pathology. We review various agent-based models relevant to host–pathogen systems and discuss their contributions ... |
Experimental study on a comprehensive particle swarm optimization method for locating contaminant sources in dynamic indoor environments with mechanical ventilation | Abstract Source localization is critical to ensuring indoor air quality and environmental safety. Although considerable research has been conducted on source localization in steady-state indoor environments, very few studies have dealt with the more challenging source localization problems in dynamic indoor environment... |
Polymerase chain reaction combined with fluorescent lateral flow immunoassay based on magnetic purification for rapid detection of canine parvovirus 2 | BACKGROUND: Canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2) is one of the most common etiological agents that cause severe gastroenteritis in puppies. Early accurate diagnosis is important for infected dogs. In recent years, magnetic separation has become an efficient and useful tool for bioassays. In this study, polymerase chain reaction... |
Update on asthma prevalence in severe COVID‐19 patients | We carefully read the recently published research letter “Is asthma protective of COVID‐19?” by Carli et al.(1) with great interest. Important topics for asthma patients during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic were discussed, including that until recently there was limited evidence that patients with ch... |
Examining the impact of COVID‐19 on cardiac surgery services: The lessons learned from this pandemic | |
COVID-19 social distancing and sexual activity in a sample of the British Public | BACKGROUND: On 23rd March 2020 the UK government released self-isolation guidance to reduce the risk of transmission of SARS-Cov-2. The influence such guidance has on sexual activity is not known. AIM: To investigate levels and correlates of sexual activity during COVID-19 self-isolation in a sample of the UK public. M... |
Viruses of Lower Vertebrates | Viruses of lower vertebrates recently became a field of interest to the public due to increasing epizootics and economic losses of poikilothermic animals. These were reported worldwide from both wildlife and collections of aquatic poikilothermic animals. Several RNA and DNA viruses infecting fish, amphibians and reptil... |
Vancomycin Monotherapy May Be Insufficient to Treat Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Coinfection in Children With Influenza-related Critical Illness | BACKGROUND: Coinfection with influenza virus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) causes life-threatening necrotizing pneumonia in children. Sporadic incidence precludes evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy. We assessed the clinical characteristics and outcomes of critically ill children with influenz... |
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