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Chapter 3 Pathogenesis of Viral Infections and Diseases | Publisher Summary Viruses first infect their host, then spread, and then damage their target tissues. To ensure their perpetuation, viruses must be transmitted to other susceptible individuals—that is, they must be shed with secretions or excretions into the environment, be taken up by another host or a vector, or be p... |
As the COVID-19 pandemic drags on, where have all the STEMIs gone? | |
COVID‐19! | |
Disseminated Cryptococcosis in a Patient With Metastatic Prostate Cancer Who Died in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak | We report the case of a 61-year-old patient with a history of prostate cancer affected by bone metastasis. He presented to our attention for ulcerous and necrotic cutaneous lesions unresponsive to antibiotics. The spread of cutaneous lesions and the onset of neurological symptoms suggested a cryptococcal disease, which... |
Antiviral Treatment Guidelines for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome | Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is an acute infectious disease of the respiratory system caused by the new betacoronavirus (MERS coronavirus, MERS-CoV), which shows high mortality rates. The typical symptoms of MERS are fever, cough, and shortness of breath, and it is often accompanied by pneumonia. The MERS-Co... |
Assessing Coronavirus Fear in Indian Population Using the Fear of COVID-19 Scale | The current study aimed to determine the level of fear of COVID-19 among Indian residents using the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) and compare it with demographic variables. This cross-sectional online survey conducted among the Indian population employed a convenient snowball sampling technique. Age, gender, marital... |
Biological and pathological consequences of feline infectious peritonitis virus infection in the cheetah | An epizootic of feline infectious peritonitis in a captive cheetah population during 1982–1983 served to focus attention on the susceptibility of the cheetah (Acinoyx jubatus) to infectious disease. Subsequent observations based upon seroepidemiological surveys and electron microscopy of fecal material verified that ch... |
Mental Healthcare Policies in South Korea during the COVID-19 Epidemic | |
COVID-19 and management of neuroimmunological disorders | The importance of reported neurological manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still unclear. Nevertheless, an immediate and ongoing neurological challenge posed by the COVID-19 pandemic is the management of patients who are undergoing immunotherapy for existing neuroimmunological disease. |
Telehealth Utilization in Response to the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic in Orthopaedic Surgery | INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this investigation is to assess the current utilization of telehealth capabilities at academic orthopaedic departments in the United States and to determine how practice patterns have been directly influenced by the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS: Orthopaedic surgery pr... |
Chapter 8 Quasispecies dynamics in disease prevention and control | Abstract Medical interventions to prevent and treat viral disease constitute evolutionary forces that may modify the genetic composition of viral populations that replicate in an infected host and influence the genomic composition of those viruses that are transmitted and progress at the epidemiological level. Given th... |
Rates of Microbiologically Diagnosed Infection and Pathogen Detection in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients | Infections remain a significant cause of mortality in hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients. Evaluations of causes of infection are often unrevealing, and at some sites, increasing rates of antimicrobial resistance have been noticed. We performed a retrospective analysis of infection rates and microbiologic testi... |
House Building Industries Asia Pacific | Abstract The house-building industry has three main functional sectors: residential land development, housing production, and house marketing and sales. It also has close links with hundreds of upstream and downstream industries in an economy. While the house-building industries in North America and Western Europe are ... |
Per‐ and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances, Microplastics, and COVID‐19: Will We Ever Learn? | |
Novel Orthoreovirus from Mink, China, 2011 | We identified a novel mink orthoreovirus, MRV1HB-A, which seems to be closely related to human strain MRV2tou05, which was isolated from 2 children with acute necrotizing encephalopathy in 2005. Evolution of this virus should be closely monitored so that prevention and control measures can be taken should it become mor... |
Clinical review: A systematic review of corticosteroid use in infections | Traditional teaching suggests that corticosteroids should be avoided during acute infectious episodes for fear of compromising the immune response. However, the outcome benefit shown through steroid administration in early septic shock implies this paranoia may be misplaced. We therefore performed a systematic review o... |
Interactions between the innate immune and blood coagulation systems | Blood coagulation and inflammation are universal responses to infection and there is crosstalk between inflammation and coagulation that can either amplify or dampen the responses. Loss of appropriate interactions between these systems probably contributes to morbidity and mortality in infectious diseases. For instance... |
Are Online Searches for the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Related to Media or Epidemiology? A Cross-sectional Study | Abstract Background Previous studies on the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) have found strong correlations between online searches and the epidemiology of the disease. Aim Our aim was to determine if online searches for COVID-19 related to international media announcements or national epidemiology. Methods Searches for “c... |
Telemedicine for ENT: effect on quality of care during Covid-19 pandemic | Abstract Aims To assess the benefit of telemedicine consultation during the Covid-19 pandemic. Material and Methods A prospective study of patient satisfaction with telemedicine consultation was carried out in the ENT department of a university hospital center where telemedicine consultations were set up to replace sch... |
Mannose‐binding lectin in innate immunity: past, present and future | The human collectin, mannose‐binding lectin (MBL), is an important protein of the humoral innate immune system. With multiple carbohydrate‐recognition domains, it is able to bind to sugar groups displayed on the surfaces of a wide range of microorganisms and thereby provide first‐line defence. Importantly, it also acti... |
A Prospective Hospital-Based Study of the Clinical Impact of Non–Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (Non-SARS)–Related Human Coronavirus Infection | Background. In addition to the human coronaviruses (HCoVs) OC43 and 229E, which have been known for decades to cause infection in humans, 2 new members of this genus have recently been identified: HCoVs NL63 and HKU1. Their impact as a cause of respiratory tract disease in adults at risk for complications needs to be e... |
Response to the letter of L. Santacroce regarding article “Enhancing immunity in viral infections, with special emphasis on COVID-19: A review” (Jayawardena et al.) | |
COVID‐19 in a patient with HIV infection | The worldwide pandemic of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has raised many challenges and uncertainties regarding disease management and prognosis in immunocompromised patient populations. The concurrence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (... |
COVID-19 Does Not Lead to a “Typical” Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome | |
Le confinement: Points de vue d’étudiants masseurs-kinésithérapeutes de première année au travers de références bibliographiques choisies | Résumé Après le début du confinement, nous avons sollicité les étudiants de première année de masso-kinésithérapie pour qu’ils sélectionnent un article scientifique ou de presse abordant les conséquences de celui-ci, en justifiant leur choix et exposant les liens effectués avec les sciences humaines et sociales. Les ét... |
The resilience of Taiwan's health system to address the COVID-19 pandemic | |
Sudden cardiac death in COVID-19 patients, a report of three cases | The mortality rate of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has been reported as 1–6% in most studies. The cause of most deaths has been acute pneumonia. Nevertheless, it has been noted that cardiovascular failure can also lead to death. Three COVID-19 patients were diagnosed based on reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain... |
Proteomic Profiling in Biracial Cohorts Implicates DC-SIGN as a Mediator of Genetic Risk in COVID-19 | COVID-19 is one of the most consequential pandemics in the last century, yet the biological mechanisms that confer disease risk are incompletely understood. Further, heterogeneity in disease outcomes is influenced by race, though the relative contributions of structural/social and genetic factors remain unclear. Very r... |
The SARS Coronavirus: Rapid Diagnostics in the Limelight | |
SARS: epidemiología y mecanismos de transmisión | |
A 25-Year-Old Sample Contributes the Complete Genome Sequence of Avian Coronavirus Vaccine Strain ArkDPI, Reisolated from Commercial Broilers in the United States | Here, we report the complete genome sequence of Avian coronavirus strain ArkDPI of the GI-9 lineage, isolated from broiler chickens in North Georgia in 1994. This is the complete genome sequence of this vaccine strain, reisolated from broilers in the United States. |
Trump’s “America first” energy policy, contingency and the reconfiguration of the global energy order | The global energy system is in transition to a new energy order characterized by the emergence of the United States as a net oil exporter, the shale revolution and the gradual shift towards low-carbon sources and renewables. The shale boom in the US was a game changer, as was the election of Donald Trump as US presiden... |
Azithromycin and SARS-CoV-2 infection: where we are now and where we are going | • Due to its mechanism of action and various anti-inflammatory effects, azithromycin is a promising medicine for the treatment of the coronavirus COVID-19. • The studies that have been done so far on the use of azithromycin in the management of the COVID-19 coronavirus have had various methodological limitations. At th... |
Drug Development and Medicinal Chemistry Efforts toward SARS‐Coronavirus and Covid‐19 Therapeutics | The COVID‐19 pandemic caused by SARS‐CoV‐2 infection is spreading at an alarming rate and has created an unprecedented health emergency around the globe. There is no effective vaccine or approved drug treatment against COVID‐19 and other pathogenic coronaviruses. The development of antiviral agents is an urgent priorit... |
Novel insights into proteolytic cleavage of influenza virus hemagglutinin | The influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) mediates the first essential step in the viral life cycle, virus entry into target cells. Influenza virus HA is synthesised as a precursor protein in infected cells and requires cleavage by host cell proteases to transit into an active form. Cleavage is essential for influenza vir... |
The Impact of COVID-19 Epidemic Declaration on Psychological Consequences: A Study on Active Weibo Users | COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease 2019) has significantly resulted in a large number of psychological consequences. The aim of this study is to explore the impacts of COVID-19 on people’s mental health, to assist policy makers to develop actionable policies, and help clinical practitioners (e.g., social workers, psychiatr... |
A Sensitive DNA Capacitive Biosensor Using Interdigitated Electrodes | This paper presents a label-free affinity-based capacitive biosensor using interdigitated electrodes. Using an optimized process of DNA probe preparation to minimize the effect of contaminants in commercial thiolated DNA probe, the electrode surface was functionalized with the 24-nucleotide DNA probes based on the West... |
A Simulation Study on Hypothetical Ebola Virus Transmission in India Using Spatiotemporal Epidemiological Modeler (STEM): A Way towards Precision Public Health | Background. Precision public health is a state-of-the-art concept in public health research and its application in health care. Application of information technology in field of epidemiology paves the way to its transformation to digital epidemiology. A geospatial epidemiological model was simulated to estimate the spr... |
Chapter One The Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 4E (eIF4E) as a Therapeutic Target for Cancer | Abstract Cancer cells depend on cap-dependent translation more than normal tissue. This explains the emergence of proteins involved in the cap-dependent translation as targets for potential anticancer drugs. Cap-dependent translation starts when eIF4E binds to mRNA cap domain. This review will present eIF4E's structure... |
Enteroviral proteases: structure, host interactions and pathogenicity | Enteroviruses are common human pathogens, and infections are particularly frequent in children. Severe infections can lead to a variety of diseases, including poliomyelitis, aseptic meningitis, myocarditis and neonatal sepsis. Enterovirus infections have also been implicated in asthmatic exacerbations and type 1 diabet... |
The Infectious Diseases Physician in the Future of Healthcare: Not Only About Antibiotic Prescribing | The uncertainties of healthcare payment and delivery reform on income and care process have created a sense of foreboding, concern, and fear that a career in medicine is not what it used to be and that a career in infectious diseases in particular may no longer be viable. Fears have been raised that the need for infect... |
Production impact of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infection on fattening pigs in Norway | Newly emerged influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infection in Norwegian pigs, although often observed in a subclinical form, can lower the pig's growth performance by reducing feed efficiency in terms of a poorer feed conversion ratio. Infected pigs would consume more feed and require protracted production time to reach mark... |
Financials | Our roundup of composites-related financial reports over the last two months. |
Coronavirus replication and pathogenesis: Implications for the recent outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and the challenge for vaccine development | A novel coronavirus has been recently identified as the causative agent of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak that has accounted for more than 8000 infected people worldwide. This review will discuss current knowledge on coronavirus replication, pathogenesis, evolution, and vaccine strategies, as wel... |
Exploration of the mechanisms of Ge Gen Decoction against influenza A virus infection | Abstract Ge Gen Decoction (GGD), a Traditional Chinese Medicine prescription, is mainly used to treat infectious respiratory diseases and can relieve the symptoms of influenza A virus (IAV) infection. However, the underlying mechanism of GGD against IAV infection remains unclear. In this study, we found that GGD had mo... |
CRISPR/cas systems redefine nucleic acid detection: Principles and methods | Methods that enable rapid, sensitive and specific analyses of nucleic acid sequences have positive effects on precise disease diagnostics and effective clinical treatments by providing direct insight into clinically relevant genetic information. Thus far, many CRISPR/Cas systems have been repurposed for diagnostic func... |
Comment on “Digital Mental Health and COVID-19: Using Technology Today to Accelerate the Curve on Access and Quality Tomorrow”: A UK Perspective | |
COVID-19-Pandemie: Belastungen des medizinischen Personals: Ein kurzer aktueller Review | Aim Review of studies on the psychological stress of healthcare workers caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A literature search of PubMed was performed using the terms “COVID-19”, “stress”, “mental health”, “healthcare worker”, “staff”, “psychiatry”. Quantitative studies (including letters to the editor) published... |
Stability of the spreading in small-world network with predictive controller | Abstract In this Letter, we apply the predictive control strategy to suppress the propagation of diseases or viruses in small-world network. The stability of small-world spreading model with predictive controller is investigated. The sufficient and necessary stability condition is given, which is closely related to the... |
Clinical determinants of the severity of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS): a systematic review and meta-analysis | BACKGROUND: While the risk of severe complications of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and its determinants have been explored in previous studies, a systematic analysis of published articles with different designs and populations has yet to be conducted. The present study aimed to systematically review the risk... |
Identification of Plant Virus IRES | Plant RNA viruses exploit nonorthodox strategies, such as the use of internal ribosomal entry sites (IRES), to express multiple genes from a single RNA species. IRES elements have been reported in tobacco etch virus (TEV), crucifer infecting tobamovirus (crTMV), hibiscus chlorotic ringspot virus (HCRSV), and many other... |
Descriptive Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Infected Patients in AlAin – Abu Dhabi Emirate | |
What Could “Fair Allocation” during the Covid‐19 Crisis Possibly Mean in Sub‐Saharan Africa? | The Covid‐19 pandemic has sparked rapid and voluminous production of bioethics commentary in popular media and academic publications. Many of the discussions are new twists on an old theme: how to fairly allocate scarce medical resources, such as ventilators and intensive care unit beds. In this essay, we do not add an... |
COVID-19: Risk of increase in smoking rates among England’s 6 million smokers and relapse among England’s 11 million ex-smokers | |
Quarantine through History | Abstract This article reviews in a historical perspective and by means of documented examples the scientific principles relevant to the concept and effectiveness of quarantine, the logistic, economic, and political barriers to its correct implementation through time, and the health impact of local and large-scale quara... |
Immune Heterogeneity in Neuroinflammation: Dendritic Cells in the Brain | Dendritic cells (DC) are critical to an integrated immune response and serve as the key link between the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system. Under steady state conditions, brain DC’s act as sentinels, continually sampling their local environment. They share this function with macrophages derived from the sam... |
Change in practice due to COVID-19 – Early experiences of a United Kingdom district general hospital in trauma & orthopaedics | COVID-19 is a significant worldwide challenge to many healthcare systems. In Trauma and Orthopaedics, there has been a significant change in the workload but departments have been compelled to change their practice in order to match the demand, as well as respond to the escalating situation of COVID. Some guidance is a... |
Mapping trauma support onto the shifting landscape of seeking refuge in Sweden: insights from an ongoing programme of research on refugee minors’ mental health | |
Antipsychotic-Induced Immune Dysfunction: A Consideration for COVID-19 Risk | Patients with severe mental illness are more susceptible to infections for a variety of reasons, some associated with the underlying disease and some due to environmental factors including housing insecurity, smoking, poor access to healthcare, and medications used to treat these disorders. This increased susceptibilit... |
Protective effect of sildenafil on the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice bone marrow cells | BACKGROUND: The pharmacological inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5), sildenafil, is a promising candidate for antioxidant therapy that can result in cardiovascular protection. In addition to its known effects on the cardiovascular system, hypercholesterolemia leads to increased oxidative stress and DNA damage in th... |
COVID-19 Pandemie und Gastroenterologie: Update | |
8 Composite nonwovens in filters: applications | Abstract: This chapter discusses the role of composite nonwoven filters in different structural forms such as combining mechanical support and durability with filtration, providing two or more layers of different filtration efficiency and combining different separation technologies/functionality into one filter medium.... |
Response to letter to the editor: “Lung Ultrasound early detection and monitoring in Covid-19 Pneumonia: fact and fiction” | |
Evaluation of admissions to the Major Incident Hospital based on a standardized protocol | INTRODUCTION: The Major Incident Hospital (MIH) is a unique facility strictly reserved to provide immediate large-scale emergency care for victims of disasters and major incidents. We evaluated the implemented organization to identify strengths and weaknesses, and provide knowledge essential for further improvement of ... |
VereFlu™: an integrated multiplex RT-PCR and microarray assay for rapid detection and identification of human influenza A and B viruses using lab-on-chip technology | Threatening sporadic outbreaks of avian influenza and the H1N1 pandemic of 2009 highlight the need for rapid and accurate detection and typing of influenza viruses. In this paper, we describe the validation of the VereFlu™ Lab-on-Chip Influenza Assay, which is based on the integration of two technologies: multiplex rev... |
Current evidence on possible oral manifestations of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection | The recently published article entitled "Oral vesiculobullous lesions associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection", by Carreras-Presas et al. (2020), has been widely discussed among the dentistry community. This is the first description presented in the scientific literature aimed exclusively at oral lesions associated with t... |
Virus Metagenomics in Farm Animals: A Systematic Review | A majority of emerging infectious diseases are of zoonotic origin. Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing (mNGS) has been employed to identify uncommon and novel infectious etiologies and characterize virus diversity in human, animal, and environmental samples. Here, we systematically reviewed studies that performed vi... |
One Country's Transformation to Spa Destination: The Case of Canada | Interest in all aspects of health and wellness tourism has been growing in every part of the world. Businesses have responded with aggressive growth in the quantity and diversity of supply offered, especially in North America. Yet few countries have systematically assessed their supply and linked it to the changes in m... |
Predictors of Mortality for Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia Caused by SARS-CoV-2: A Prospective Cohort Study | To identify factors associated with the death for patients with COVID-19 pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. All clinical and laboratory parameters were collected prospectively from a cohort of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia who were hospitalised to Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital, Wuhan City, Hubei Province... |
Oxidation reactions using polymer-supported 2-benzenesulfonyl-3-(4-nitrophenyl)oxaziridine | A thermally stable polymer-supported oxidant has been developed. Polymer-supported 2-benzenesulfonyl-3-(4-nitrophenyl)oxaziridine was applied to microwave-assisted reactions that occurred at high temperatures and was shown to oxidize alkenes, silyl enol ethers, and pyridines to the corresponding epoxides and pyridine N... |
Nested and teleconnected vulnerabilities to environmental change | The vulnerability of distant peoples and places to global change in environment and society is nested and teleconnected. Here, we argue that such vulnerabilities are linked through environmental change process feedbacks, economic market linkages, and flows of resources, people, and information. We illustrate these link... |
Comparative antibiotic failure rates in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia: Results from a claims analysis | INTRODUCTION|: Antibiotic treatment failure contributes to the economic and humanistic burdens of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) by increasing morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. This study compared treatment failure rates of levofloxacin with those of other antibiotics in a large US sample. METHODS|: Medic... |
Clinical manifestations of human coronavirus NL63 infection in children in Taiwan | Human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63) is a global respiratory tract pathogen; however, the epidemiology of this virus in subtropical area is not well known. To evaluate the epidemics and disease spectrum of HCoV-NL63 infection in children in Taiwan, we prospectively screened children admitted to the hospital with respirat... |
Human Avian Influenza: How Ready Are We? | Three influenza pandemics emerged in the 20th century, and scientists are concerned that the currently circulating, highly pathogenic A (H5N1) avian influenza virus could lead to the next pandemic, one as deadly as the 1918 influenza pandemic. Not since the identification of HIV and AIDS will the duty to care among hea... |
Papel de las enfermedades infecciosas en el desarrollo de la esclerosis múltiple: evidencia científica | Resumen Introducción La esclerosis múltiple (EM) es el trastorno inflamatorio más común del sistema nervioso central (SNC) y la causa principal de discapacidad neurológica en adultos jóvenes. Los factores ambientales e infecciosos han sido fuertemente asociados al incremento de la ocurrencia de la enfermedad, hasta más... |
Use of chimeric influenza viruses as a novel internal control for diagnostic rRT-PCR assays | Real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) is now widely used to detect viral pathogens in various human specimens. The application of internal controls to validate the entire process of these assays is necessary to prevent false-negative results caused by unexpected inhibition or ... |
Should Contact Bans Have Been Lifted More in Germany?: A Quantitative Prediction of Its Effects | Many countries consider the lifting of restrictions of social contacts (RSC). We quantify the effects of RSC for Germany. We initially employ a purely statistical approach to predicting prevalence of Covid-19 if RSC had been upheld after 20 April. We employ these findings and feed them into our theoretical model. We fi... |
Response letter to Eosinophil count in severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) | |
From Bedside to Webside: a neurological clinical teaching experience | This was followed by an interactive discussion of investigation and management plan. Appropriate radiological imaging such as an MRI brain scan was shown to the group using the “share‐screen” function. Other clinical information such as laboratory results can likewise be displayed. The session was completed after thoro... |
The N-formyl peptide receptors and the anaphylatoxin C5a receptors: An overview | Abstract Leukocyte recruitment to sites of inflammation and infection is dependent on the presence of a gradient of locally produced chemotactic factors. This review is focused on current knowledge about the activation and regulation of chemoattractant receptors. Emphasis is placed on the members of the N-formyl peptid... |
Specificity in PDZ-peptide interaction networks: Computational analysis and review | Abstract Globular PDZ domains typically serve as protein–protein interaction modules that regulate a wide variety of cellular functions via recognition of short linear motifs (SLiMs). Often, PDZ mediated-interactions are essential components of macromolecular complexes, and disruption affects the entire scaffold. Due t... |
Harnessed viruses in the age of metagenomics and synthetic biology: an update on infectious clone assembly and biotechnologies of plant viruses | Recent metagenomic studies have provided an unprecedented wealth of data, which are revolutionizing our understanding of virus diversity. A redrawn landscape highlights viruses as active players in the phytobiome, and surveys have uncovered their positive roles in environmental stress tolerance of plants. Viral infecti... |
Repurposing 0.5% povidone iodine solution in otorhinolaryngology practice in Covid 19 pandemic | SARS CoV 2 is very much homologous in structure to SARS CoV. Review of literature suggests the in-vitro virucidal action of povidone iodine in SARS CoV and MERS. The oropharynx and nasopharynx are target sites of SARS CoV 2. A significant proportion of COVID 19 sufferers are asymptomatic, but shedding these viral parti... |
Reactivity of antibodies in human serum with antigens of an enteropathogenic bovine coronavirus | Antibodies in human serum against an enteropathogenic bovine coronavirus were detected by double immunodiffusion (DID), neutralization of infectivity, indirect immunofluorescence, and immune electron microscopy. Human sera reacting in the DID test neutralized the infectivity of the bovine coronaviruses to indices of 2.... |
Ventilacion mecanica no invasiva y covid-19. Minimizando la dispersion | |
Infectious Diseases Continued to be the World's Core Challenge | |
Interferon-λ in the Context of Viral Infections: Production, Response and Therapeutic Implications | Interferon (IFN)-λ forms the type III IFN family. Although they signal through distinct receptors, type I (IFN-α/β) and type III IFNs elicit remarkably similar responses in cells. However, in vivo, type III and type I IFN responses are not fully redundant as their respective contribution to the antiviral defense highly... |
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Kenya: Preparedness, response and transmissibility | Abstract The world and Kenya face a potential pandemic as the respiratory virus Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects world populations. Nations have been forced to intervene and issue directions under executive orders to ensure the pandemic is contained. Kenya has reported 110 confirmed COVID-19 cases (as at 2nd... |
El test rápido de inmunoglobulinas confirma un caso sospechoso de COVID-19 | |
Drug repositioning: a brief overview | OBJECTIVES: Drug repositioning, that is, the use of a drug in an indication other than the one for which it was initially marketed, is a growing trend. Its origins lie mainly in the attrition experienced in recent years in the field of new drug discovery. KEY FINDINGS: Despite some regulatory and economic challenges, d... |
An assessment on the role of endophytic microbes in the therapeutic potential of Fagonia indica | BACKGROUND: Natural products of animals, plants and microbes are potential source of important chemical compounds, with diverse applications including therapeutics. Endophytic bacteria that are especially associated with medicinal plants presents a reservoir of therapeutic compounds. Fagonia indica has been recently in... |
A Fusion Peptide in the Spike Protein of MERS Coronavirus | Coronaviruses represent current and emerging threats for many species, including humans. Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is responsible for sporadic infections in mostly Middle Eastern countries, with occasional transfer elsewhere. A key step in the MERS-CoV replication cycle is the fusi... |
Adapting lessons from SARS for the COVID-19 pandemic - Perspectives from Radiology Nursing in Singapore | Abstract When SARS hit Singapore in 2003, we began to formulate rigorous protocols and reconfigure our facilities to prevent in-hospital transmission. This became the foundation of our practices in COVID-19. However, some adaptations were made to suit the current needs of the department, and technology has been employe... |
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Viroporin 3a Activates the NLRP3 Inflammasome | Nod-like receptor family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) regulates the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) and IL-18. We previously showed that influenza virus M2 or encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) 2B proteins stimulate IL-1β secretion following activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. H... |
Marine Pyridoacridine Alkaloids: Biosynthesis and Biological Activities | Pyridoacridines are a class of strictly marine‐derived alkaloids that constitute one of the largest chemical families of marine alkaloids. During the last few years, both natural pyridoacridines and their analogues have constituted excellent targets for synthetic works. They have been the subject of intense study due t... |
Chapter Two −1 Programmed Ribosomal Frameshifting as a Force-Dependent Process | Abstract −1 Programmed ribosomal frameshifting is a translational recoding event in which ribosomes slip backward along messenger RNA presumably due to increased tension disrupting the codon–anticodon interaction at the ribosome's coding site. Single-molecule physical methods and recent experiments characterizing the p... |
Exosomes: Nanoparticulate tools for RNA interference and drug delivery | Exosomes are naturally occurring extracellular vesicles released by most mammalian cells in all body fluids. Exosomes are known as key mediators in cell‐cell communication and facilitate the transfer of genetic and biochemical information between distant cells. Structurally, exosomes are composed of lipids, proteins, a... |
An inventory model for a three-stage supply chain with random capacities considering disruptions and supplier reliability | This study develops an inventory model to solve the problems of supply uncertainty in response to demand which follows a Poisson distribution. A positive aspect of this model is the consideration of random inventory, delivery capacities and supplier’s reliability. Additionally, we assume supplier capacity follows an ex... |
Identification of 22 N-glycosites on spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 and accessible surface glycopeptide motifs: implications for vaccination and antibody therapeutics | Coronaviruses hijack human enzymes to assemble the sugar coat on their spike glycoproteins. The mechanisms by which human antibodies may recognize the antigenic viral peptide epitopes hidden by the sugar coat are unknown. Glycosylation by insect cells differs from the native form produced in human cells, but insect cel... |
Structural characteristics of thermostable immunogenic outer membrane protein from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi | In this work, we explored the acid-induced unfolding pathway of non-porin outer membrane protein (OMP), an immunogenic protein from Salmonella Typhi, by monitoring the conformational changes over a pH range of 1.0–7.0 by circular dichroism, intrinsic fluorescence, ANS binding, acrylamide quenching, and dynamic light sc... |
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