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Difficulties in demonstrating long term immunity in FeLV vaccinated cats due to increasing age-related resistance to infection | BACKGROUND: Feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) is a pathogen causing fatal illness in cats worldwide, and as such there is a high demand for products to protect against disease. The duration of immunity provided by an inactivated FeLV vaccine, Versifel FeLV, when administered to cats of the target age was determined. Kitten... |
Arbeiten am Limit | |
COVID-19 and Hypertension: The Role of ACE2 and the Renin-Angiotensin System | ABSTRACT Hypertension emerged from early reports as a potential risk factor for worse outcomes for persons with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Among the putative links between hypertension and COVID-19 is a key counter-regulatory component of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS): angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (AC... |
Potential T-cell and B-cell Epitopes of 2019-nCoV | As of early March, 2019-nCoV has infected more than one hundred thousand people and claimed thousands of lives. 2019-nCoV is a novel form of coronavirus that causes COVID-19 and has high similarity with SARS-CoV. No approved vaccine yet exists for any form of coronavirus. Here we use computational tools from structural... |
Human PBMC-transferred murine MHC class I/II-deficient NOG mice enable long-term evaluation of human immune responses | Immunodeficient mice engrafted with human peripheral blood cells are promising tools for in vivo analysis of human patient individual immune responses. However, when human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are transferred into NOG (NOD/Shi-scid, IL-2rg (null)) mice, severe graft versus host disease (GVHD) hind... |
Indoor air quality and human health: Truth vs mass hysteria | Indoor air quality is an important issue, because anything we breathe can potentially affect our health. To determine if there is a real health risk, well-designed scientifically valid studies must be performed. Although much attention has focused on sick building syndrome, chemical sensitivities, and mycotoxicosis, th... |
An analysis of the health status of the United Arab Emirates: the ‘Big 4’ public health issues | BACKGROUND: The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a rapidly developing country composed of a multinational population with varying educational backgrounds, religious beliefs, and cultural practices, which pose a challenge for population-based public health strategies. A number of public health issues significantly contribu... |
Protective Effect of Intranasal Regimens Containing Peptidic Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Fusion Inhibitor Against MERS-CoV Infection | To gain entry into the target cell, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus (MERS-CoV) uses its spike (S) protein S2 subunit to fuse with the plasma or endosomal membrane. Previous work identified a peptide derived from the heptad repeat (HR) 2 domain in S2 subunit, HR2P, which potently blocked MERS-CoV S p... |
Diffuse parenchymal lung disease as first clinical manifestation of GATA-2 deficiency in childhood | BACKGROUND: GATA-2 transcription factor deficiency has recently been described in patients with a propensity towards myeloid malignancy associated with other highly variable phenotypic features: chronic leukocytopenias (dendritic cell-, monocyto-, granulocyto-, lymphocytopenia), increased susceptibility to infections, ... |
Aspirin Intolerance: Experimental Models for Bed-to-Bench | Aspirin is the oldest non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), and it sometimes causes asthma-like symptoms known as aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), which can be serious. Unwanted effects of aspirin (aspirin intolerance) are also observed in patients with food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis... |
Chapter 15 Functionalized carbon nanotubes and their promising applications in therapeutics and diagnostics | Abstract Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted much attention from researchers worldwide in recent years due to their high aspect ratio, high surface area, and excellent material properties, such as electrical and thermal conductivities and mechanical strength. These rolled-up seamless cylinders of graphene sheets pos... |
Insomnia during COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown: Prevalence, severity, and associated risk factors in France population | In response to Voitsidis et al. (2020) published in Psychiatry Research addressing the paucity of research on insomnia during a pandemic, we obtained data from an online cross-sectional survey by documenting the prevalence of clinical insomnia and its contributing factors in a French general public sample. Participants... |
Individualized prediction nomograms for disease progression in mild COVID‐19 | The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has evolved into a pandemic rapidly. The majority of COVID‐19 patients are with mild syndromes. This study aimed to develop models for predicting disease progression in mild cases. The risk factors for the requirement of oxygen support in mild COVID‐19 were explored using multiva... |
Intimate partner violence crisis in the COVID-19 pandemic: how can radiologists make a difference? | • The COVID-19 crisis resulted in a variety of physical and mental health issues beyond the viral infection itself, as indicated by an increase in domestic violence. • Radiologists should be aware of typical intimate partner violence (IPV) injury patterns, actively ask potential IPV victims about the cause of injury, a... |
Meta-analysis is not always the best way to round out a systematic review: a few thoughts prompted by the COVID-19 pandemic and “spiced-up” with an earthquake | |
Large Eddy Simulation of Air Escape through a Hospital Isolation Room Single Hinged Doorway—Validation by Using Tracer Gases and Simulated Smoke Videos | The use of hospital isolation rooms has increased considerably in recent years due to the worldwide outbreaks of various emerging infectious diseases. However, the passage of staff through isolation room doors is suspected to be a cause of containment failure, especially in case of hinged doors. It is therefore importa... |
Enhanced cell fusion activity in porcine epidemic diarrhea virus adapted to suckling mice | Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is the major causative agent of fatal diarrhea in piglets. To study the pathogenic features of PEDV using a mouse model, PEDV with virulence in mice is required. In pursuit of this, we adapted a tissue-culture-passed PEDV MK strain to suckling mouse brains. PEDV obtained after ten... |
Managing cancer during a pandemic | Clinicians and researchers are rapidly adapting to working in the midst of a pandemic. Herein, we share our initial thoughts of the consequences of COVID-19 for the oncology community. |
Type I IFN Signaling Is Dispensable during Secondary Viral Infection | Innate immune responses in general, and type I interferons (T1IFNs) in particular, play an important and often essential role during primary viral infections, by directly combatting the virus and by maximizing the primary adaptive immune response. Several studies have suggested that T1IFNs also contribute very substant... |
Evaluation of serological cross-reactivity and cross-neutralization between the United States porcine epidemic diarrhea virus prototype and S-INDEL-variant strains | BACKGROUND: At least two genetically different porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) strains have been identified in the United States (U.S. PEDV prototype and S-INDEL-variant strains). The current serological assays offered at veterinary diagnostic laboratories for detection of PEDV-specific antibody are based on the... |
Active Surveillance for Acute Respiratory Infections among Pediatric Long-Term Care Facility Staff | BACKGROUND: Transmission of respiratory viruses between staff and residents of pediatric long-term care facilities (pLTCFs) can occur. We assessed the feasibility of using text or email messages to perform surveillance for acute respiratory infections (ARIs) among staff. METHODS: From December 7, 2016 to May 7, 2017, 5... |
Sepsis in the intensive care unit | Sepsis remains a major cause of mortality in intensive care. The past 15 years has seen a more uniform, world-wide approach to the management of sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock with improved survival. Recognizing the early symptoms and signs of sepsis are key: the confused, hypoxic, hypotensive patient with pyre... |
NTCP and Beyond: Opening the Door to Unveil Hepatitis B Virus Entry | Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, affecting approximately 240 million people worldwide, is a major public health problem that elevates the risk of developing liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Given that current anti-HBV drugs are limited to interferon-based regimens and nucleos(t)ide analogs, the d... |
High-Throughput Sequencing-Based Immune Repertoire Study during Infectious Disease | The selectivity of the adaptive immune response is based on the enormous diversity of T and B cell antigen-specific receptors. The immune repertoire, the collection of T and B cells with functional diversity in the circulatory system at any given time, is dynamic and reflects the essence of immune selectivity. In this ... |
Mental health status of individuals with a mood-disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia: Initial results from the COLLATE project | BACKGROUND: Physical-distancing strategies during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic may be particularly detrimental to the mental health of individuals with a pre-existing mood disorder. Data on the mental health status of these individuals during the current pandemic is sparse, and their current mental health needs ... |
Criteria heterogeneity in the diagnosis of acute bronchiolitis in Spain | Abstract Introduction Acute viral bronchiolitis (AB) is one of the most common respiratory diseases in infants. However, diagnostic criteria for AB are heterogeneous and not very well known. Objective To identify the diagnostic criteria for AB used by experts and clinical paediatricians in Spain. Methods Delphi study w... |
Counting Down the 2020 Goals for 9 Neglected Tropical Diseases: What Have We Learned From Quantitative Analysis and Transmission Modeling? | The control of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) has received huge investment in recent years, leading to large reductions in morbidity. In 2012, the World Health Organization set ambitious targets for eliminating many of these diseases as a public health problem by 2020, an aspiration that was supported by donations ... |
Virological and clinical characterizations of respiratory infections in hospitalized children | BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and seasonal distribution of viral etiological agents and to compare their clinical manifestations and disease severity, including single and co infections. METHODS: Multiplex reverse-transcription PCR was performed for the detection of viruses in nas... |
Biogenesis and Dynamics of the Coronavirus Replicative Structures | Coronaviruses are positive-strand RNA viruses that are important infectious agents of both animals and humans. A common feature among positive-strand RNA viruses is their assembly of replication-transcription complexes in association with cytoplasmic membranes. Upon infection, coronaviruses extensively rearrange cellul... |
Tocilizumab, Adipokines and Severe Complications of COVID-19 | Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a life-threatening complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection Increasing reports suggest an association between COVID-19 and AIS, although the underlying mechanism remains uncertain We performed a systematic review to characterize the clinical characteristics, neuroimag... |
Molecular Insights into Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus | Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is a tick-borne pathogen that causes high morbidity and mortality. Efficacy of vaccines and antivirals to treat human CCHFV infections remains limited and controversial. Research into pathology and underlying molecular mechanisms of CCHFV and other nairoviruses is limited. ... |
Viral respiratory tract infections in young children with cystic fibrosis: a prospective full-year seasonal study | BACKGROUND: Viral respiratory tract infections are common during early childhood. How they impact cystic fibrosis lung disease history in young children is poorly known. The principal aim of our study was to determinate respiratory tract infections frequency in this cystic fibrosis young population. Secondary outcomes ... |
Epidemiological features and viral shedding in children with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection | BACKGROUND: A pandemic of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection broke out all over the world, however, epidemiological data and viral shedding in pediatric patients are limited. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective, multi‐center study, and followed up with all children from the families with SARS‐CoV‐2 infected members in Zhejiang Pro... |
Successful treatment of chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia with hydroxycarbamide in a patient presenting with acute hypoxic respiratory failure due to COVID‐19 pneumonia | On 30th March 2020, a 57‐year‐old male patient presented to the Emergency Department with a 6‐day history of cough, persistent fevers and worsening dyspnoea. His only known comorbidity was hypertension, managed with amlodipine and an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor. On admission, he was tachypnoeic and in sever... |
STEM: An Open Source Tool for Disease Modeling | The Spatiotemporal Epidemiologic Modeler (STEM) is an open source software project supported by the Eclipse Foundation and used by a global community of researchers and public health officials working to track and, when possible, control outbreaks of infectious disease in human and animal populations. STEM is not a mod... |
Combating Canine ‘Visiting Cards’: Public Hygiene and the Management of Dog Mess in Paris since the 1920s | This article examines the history of dog mess in Paris, from its ‘discovery’ in the late 1920s to the management regime of the early twenty-first century. Mayor Jacques Chirac’s anti-excrement campaigns in the 1980s are a particular focus. Situating the meaning and management of dog mess within histories of public hygi... |
Section 8 Multiple Choice Questions | Unknown |
COVID‐19 transmission through host cell directed network of GPCR | |
Brome Mosaic Virus (Bromoviridae) ☆ | Abstract Brome mosaic virus (BMV) is an isometric, non-enveloped, positive-strand RNA virus and a well-studied, representative member of the alphavirus-like super-family of human, animal, and plant viruses. BMV has been extensively studied as a model to examine some of the common features shared by all positive-strand ... |
Potential Therapeutic Targets and Promising Drugs for Combating SARS‐CoV‐2 | As of April 9, 2020, a novel coronavirus (SARS‐CoV‐2) had caused 89,931 deaths and 1,503,900 confirmed cases worldwide, which indicates an increasingly severe and uncontrollable situation. Initially, little was known about the virus. As research continues, we have learned the genome structure, epidemiological and clini... |
Review article: COVID‐19 and liver disease—what we know on 1st May 2020 | BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), the causative pathogen of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), became a global threat to human health. Liver impairment has been frequently reported as a common manifestation, although its clinical significance is still unclear, particularly in p... |
Impact of COVID 19 lockdown on orthopaedic surgeons in India: A survey() | BACKGROUND: In the fight against COVID 19, the government of India announced a 3 weeks lockdown of the entire country of 1.3 billion people on 24(th) March 2020. METHODS: One week after the lockdown was announced, we conducted an anonymous online survey of the orthopaedic surgeons in India through social media platform... |
ECMO use in COVID-19: lessons from past respiratory virus outbreaks—a narrative review | The spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to grow exponentially in most countries, posing an unprecedented burden on the healthcare sector and the world economy. Previous respiratory virus outbreaks, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), pandemic H1N1 and Middle East respiratory syndrome (... |
COVID highlights another crisis: lack of Black physicians and scientists | |
Impact of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS‐CoV) on pregnancy and perinatal outcome | BACKGROUND: Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a viral respiratory disease. Most people infected with MERS-CoV develop severe acute respiratory illness. It was first reported in Saudi Arabia in 2012 and has since spread to several other countries. We report the clinical course of MERS-CoV infect... |
Allergy clinics in times of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: an integrated model | BACKGROUND: Almost the entire World is experiencing the Coronavirus-Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, responsible, at the end of May 2020, of more than five million people infected worldwide and about 350,000 deaths. In this context, a deep reorganization of allergy clinics, in order to ensure proper diagnosis and care... |
Double Jeopardy Cardiomyopathy Requiring Heart Transplant: Hydroxychloroquine and Rheumatoid Arthritis | [Figure: see text] |
SARS coronavirus induces apoptosis in Vero E6 Cells | Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is an emerging infectious disease. Its etiological agent has been convincingly identified as a new member of family Coronaviridae (SARS‐CoV). It causes serious damage to the respiratory system yet the mechanism is not clear. Infection‐induced apoptosis or necrosis is suspected b... |
Coronavirus and Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction: Hiding in Plain Sight? | |
Beryllium metallicum | Abstract Acute viral respiratory epidemic diseases are more and more frequent, sometimes causing serious complications. What homeopathic treatment, used in addition to conventional treatments, could be indicated? The study of the Materia Medica of Beryllium metallicum reveals many clinical signs common to the symptoms ... |
Development of a mouse-feline chimeric antibody against feline tumor necrosis factor-alpha | Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a fatal inflammatory disease caused by FIP virus infection. Feline tumor necrosis factor (fTNF)-alpha is closely involved in the aggravation of FIP pathology. We previously described the preparation of neutralizing mouse anti-fTNF-alpha monoclonal antibody (mAb 2–4) and clarified ... |
The Relationship Between Parenting Stress and School Closures due to the COVID‐19 Pandemic | |
Characterizing super-spreading in microblog: An epidemic-based information propagation model | Abstract As the microblogging services are becoming more prosperous in everyday life for users on Online Social Networks (OSNs), it is more favorable for hot topics and breaking news to gain more attraction very soon than ever before, which are so-called “super-spreading events”. In the information diffusion process of... |
Nitric oxide induced by Indian ginseng root extract inhibits Infectious Bursal Disease virus in chicken embryo fibroblasts in vitro | Infectious Bursal Disease is a severe viral disease of chicken responsible for serious economic losses to poultry farmers. The causative agent, Infectious Bursal Disease virus, is inhibited by nitric oxide. Root extract of the Indian ginseng, Withania somnifera, inhibits Infectious Bursal Disease virus in vitro. Also, ... |
Clinical Characteristics and Reasons for Differences in Duration From Symptom Onset to Release From Quarantine Among Patients With COVID-19 in Liaocheng, China | Objective: This study aimed to identify additional characteristics and features of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) by assessing the clinical courses among COVID-19 patients in a region outside Hubei province. Methods: We analyzed retrospective data regarding general characteristics, epidemiologic history, underlying chr... |
Chloroplast-Derived Vaccine Antigens and Biopharmaceuticals: Expression, Folding, Assembly and Functionality | Chloroplast genetic engineering offers several advantages, including high levels of transgene expression, transgene containment via maternal inheritance, and multi-gene expression in a single transformation event. Oral delivery is facilitated by hyperexpression of vaccine antigens against cholera, tetanus, anthrax, pla... |
Prediction of Epidemic Peak and Infected Cases for COVID-19 Disease in Malaysia, 2020 | The coronavirus COVID-19 has recently started to spread rapidly in Malaysia. The number of total infected cases has increased to 3662 on 05 April 2020, leading to the country being placed under lockdown. As the main public concern is whether the current situation will continue for the next few months, this study aims t... |
Comparative venomics of Psyttalia lounsburyi and P. concolor, two olive fruit fly parasitoids: a hypothetical role for a GH1 β-glucosidase | Venom composition of parasitoid wasps attracts increasing interest – notably molecules ensuring parasitism success on arthropod pests – but its variation within and among taxa is not yet understood. We have identified here the main venom proteins of two braconid wasps, Psyttalia lounsburyi (two strains from South Afric... |
Success of Big Infectious Disease Reimbursement Policy in China | Big infectious diseases do harm to the whole society, and it is highly crucial to control them on time. The major purpose of this article is to theoretically demonstrate that the Chinese government’s intervention in large-scale infectious diseases is successful and efficient. Two potential strategies were considered: s... |
N-Methylation as a Strategy for Enhancing the Affinity and Selectivity of RNA-binding Peptides: Application to the HIV-1 Frameshift-Stimulating RNA | [Image: see text] Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) type 1 uses a −1 programmed ribosomal frameshift (−1 PRF) event to translate its enzymes from the same transcript used to encode the virus’ structural proteins. The frequency of this event is highly regulated, and significant deviation from the normal 5–10% frequency... |
Letter: does the IFNL4 gene discovery really provide a causal role for the IL28B haplotype blocks? | |
Not all world leaders use Twitter in response to the COVID-19 pandemic: impact of the way of Angela Merkel on psychological distress, behaviour and risk perception | At a time of growing governmental restrictions and ‘physical distancing’ in order to decelerate the spread of COVID-19, psychological challenges are increasing. Social media plays an important role in maintaining social contact as well as exerting political influence. World leaders use it not only to keep citizens info... |
Independent review of emergency economic stimulus measures: Global Financial Crisis and COVID‐19 | Major government emergency interventions demand, and generally receive, independent scrutiny. This article looks back at reviews of the Australian government's economic stimulus measures introduced in the aftermath of the 2008 Global Financial Crisis (GFC), in anticipation of reviews of responses to the COVID‐19 emerge... |
Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdown on Children With Gastrointestinal Disorders | |
Gut-lung axis and dysbiosis in COVID-19 | COVID-19, a novel infectious disease, caused by SARS-CoV-2, affected millions of people around the world with a high mortality rate. Although SARS-CoV-2 mainly causes lung infection, gastrointestinal symptoms described in COVID-19 patients and detection of the viral RNA in feces of infected patients drove attentions to... |
Measurement of abomasal conditions (pH, pressure and temperature) in healthy and diarrheic dairy calves using a wireless ambulatory capsule | Abstract This study investigated abomasal luminal parameters in healthy and diarrheic calves by using a wireless ambulatory capsule (WAC). The acetaminophen absorption test (APAT) was used to determine abomasal emptying rate. Four healthy and five diarrheic female Holstein-Friesian calves (age < 14 days) were included ... |
Commentary: What happens after the lockdown? | |
Diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill adult patients—a systematic review and meta-analysis | The accuracy of the signs and tests that clinicians use to diagnose ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and initiate antibiotic treatment has not been well characterized. We sought to characterize and compare the accuracy of physical examination, chest radiography, endotracheal aspirate (ETA), bronchoscopic sampling ... |
Isolation and characterization of adenoviruses infecting endangered golden snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana) | BACKGROUND: Adenoviruses are important pathogens with the potential for interspecies transmission between humans and non-human primates. Although many adenoviruses have been identified in monkeys, the knowledge of these viruses from the Colobinae members is quite limited. FINDINGS: We conducted a surveillance of viral ... |
Dispatches | |
Matrix metallopeptidase 9 as a host protein target of chloroquine and melatonin for immunoregulation in COVID-19: A network-based meta-analysis | AIMS: The molecular pathogenesis of COVID-19 is similar to other coronavirus (CoV) infections viz. severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in human. Due to scarcity of the suitable treatment strategy, the present study was undertaken to explore host protein(s) targeted by potent repurposed drug(s) in COVID-19. MATERIA... |
Complex Immune Dysregulation in COVID-19 Patients with Severe Respiratory Failure | Summary Proper management of COVID-19 mandates better understanding of disease pathogenesis. The sudden clinical deterioration 7–8 days after initial symptom onset suggests that severe respiratory failure (SRF) in COVID-19 is driven by a unique pattern of immune dysfunction. We studied immune responses of 54 COVID-19 p... |
Immunogenicity of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) M gene delivered by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium in mice | Attenuated Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium) was selected as a transgenic vehicle for the development of live mucosal vaccines against transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) based on the M gene. An approximate 1.0 kb DNA fragment, encoding for glycoprotein M, was amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into eukaryotic... |
Virus entry paradigms | Viruses, despite being relatively simple in structure and composition, have evolved to exploit complex cellular processes for their replication in the host cell. After binding to their specific receptor on the cell surface, viruses (or viral genomes) have to enter cells to initiate a productive infection. Though the en... |
An evaluation of emergency guidelines issued by the World Health Organization in response to four infectious disease outbreaks | BACKGROUND: The production of high-quality guidelines in response to public health emergencies poses challenges for the World Health Organization (WHO). The urgent need for guidance and the paucity of structured scientific data on emerging diseases hinder the formulation of evidence-informed recommendations using stand... |
Proposed Intranasal Route for Drug Administration in the Management of Central Nervous System Manifestations of COVID-19 | [Image: see text] There is mounting evidence of the central nervous system manifestations associated with COVID-19, particularly in severe cases. Up to 25% of COVID-19 cases exhibit neurological manifestations associated with COVID-19. In view of the devastating nature of the disease due to severe acute respiratory syn... |
More effective strategies are required to strengthen public awareness of COVID-19: Evidence from Google Trends | BACKGROUND: The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has posed stress on the health and well-being of both Chinese people and the public worldwide. Global public interest in this new issue largely reflects people’s attention to COVID-19 and their willingness to take precautionary actions. This study aimed to... |
Phenotypic characteristics of human type II alveolar epithelial cells suitable for antigen presentation to T lymphocytes | BACKGROUND: Type II alveolar epithelial cells (AECII) are well known for their role in the innate immune system. More recently, it was proposed that they could play a role in the antigen presentation to T lymphocytes but contradictory results have been published both concerning their surface expressed molecules and the... |
Public health education at China’s higher education institutions: a time-series analysis from 1998 to 2012 | BACKGROUND: Although China’s modern education for public health was developing over the past 60 years, there is a lack of authoritative statistics and analyses on the nation’s development of education for public health at higher education institutions (HEIs). Few quantitative studies on this topic have been published i... |
Chapter 51 Respiratory Viral Vaccines | |
Artesunate interacts with Vitamin D receptor to reverse mouse model of sepsis-induced immunosuppression via enhancing autophagy | Immunosuppression is the predominant cause of mortality for sepsis due to failure to eradicate invading pathogens. Unfortunately, no effective and specific drugs capable of reversing immunosuppression are available for clinical use. Increasing evidence implicates vitamin D receptor (VDR) involved in sepsis-induced immu... |
A review on versatile applications of transition metal complexes incorporating Schiff bases | Abstract Schiff bases and their complexes are versatile compounds synthesized from the condensation of an amino compound with carbonyl compounds and widely used for industrial purposes and also exhibit a broad range of biological activities including antifungal, antibacterial, antimalarial, antiproliferative, anti-infl... |
Potential role of inanimate surfaces for the spread of coronaviruses and their inactivation with disinfectant agents | Summary The novel human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has become a global health concern causing severe respiratory tract infections in humans. Human-to-human transmissions have been described, probably via droplets but possibly also via contaminated hands or surfaces. In a recent review on the persistence of human and veteri... |
Pichia pastoris: A highly successful expression system for optimal synthesis of heterologous proteins | One of the most important branches of genetic engineering is the expression of recombinant proteins using biological expression systems. Nowadays, different expression systems are used for the production of recombinant proteins including bacteria, yeasts, molds, mammals, plants, and insects. Yeast expression systems su... |
Growth enhancement of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) in Vero E6 cells expressing PEDV nucleocapsid protein | More recently emerging strains of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) cause severe diarrhea and especially high mortality rates in infected piglets, leading to substantial economic loss to worldwide swine industry. These outbreaks urgently call for updated and effective PEDV vaccines. Better understanding in PEDV bi... |
How is COVID-19 going to affect education in neurosurgery? A step toward a new era of educational training | |
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) outbreak: Could pigs be vectors for human infections? | |
Longitudinal Change of SARS-Cov2 Antibodies in Patients with COVID-19 | BACKGROUND: A novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has recently emerged and caused the rapid spread of COVID-19 worldwide. METHODS: We did a retrospective study and included COVID-19 patients admitted to Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University between February 1 and February 29, 2020. Antibody assay was conducted to detect COVID... |
A single T cell epitope drives the neutralizing anti-drug antibody response to natalizumab in multiple sclerosis patients | Natalizumab (NZM), a humanized monoclonal IgG4 antibody to α4 integrins, is used to treat patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS)(1,2), but in about 6% of the cases persistent neutralizing anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) are induced leading to therapy discontinuation(3,4). To understand the basis of the A... |
SARS-CoV-2 in Romania - situation update and containment strategies. | |
A cluster of coxsackievirus A21 associated acute respiratory illness: the evidence of efficient transmission of CVA21 | In March 2016, a cluster of unexplained respiratory illnesses was reported by the acute respiratory infections (ARI) surveillance system of Guangdong Province, China. Twenty-three high school students and one teacher from the four neighboring classes were admitted to a hospital. CVA21 was found in eight of fourteen pat... |
Chapter 10 Pathogenesis and the gastrointestinal tract of growing fish | Publisher Summary This chapter presents information on (1) adhesion of bacteria to mucosal surfaces, (2) protection against bacterial adhesion, (3) bacterial translocation, (4) invasion of host cells, (5) effect of diet in disease resistance, and (6) data obtained from endothermic animals, which may have relevance to p... |
Development of a Screening and Isolation Protocol for Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department (ED) with Communicable Diseases | ISSUE: The 2003 outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) underscored the importance of rapid recognition and isolation of patients with highly communicable diseases to prevent nosocominal spread to other patients, staff, and visitors. The SARS issue and a recent outbreak of measles in New York City (NYC) hi... |
Estrogen Mediates Innate and Adaptive Immune Alterations to Influenza Infection in Pregnant Mice | Pregnancy is a leading risk factor for severe complications during an influenza virus infection. Women infected during their second and third trimesters are at increased risk for severe cardiopulmonary complications, premature delivery, and death. Here, we establish a murine model of aerosolized influenza infection dur... |
Viral pathogens associated with acute lower respiratory tract infections in children younger than 5 years of age in Bulgaria | Acute lower respiratory infections (ALRIs) are a leading cause of morbidity and hospital admissions in children. This study aimed to determine the viral etiology of these infections in children aged < 5 years during three successive epidemic seasons in Bulgaria. Nasopharyngeal and throat specimens were collected from c... |
Clinical Characteristics of 312 Hospitalized Older Patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China | OBJECTIVES: Much of the previous research on COVID-19 was based on all population. But substantial numbers of severe episodes occur in older patients. There is a lack of data about COVID-19 in older adults. The aims of this study were to analyze the clinical characteristics of older adult patients with COVID-19. METHOD... |
Prevalence of Enteropathogens in Suckling and Weaned Piglets with Diarrhoea in Southern Germany | Faecal samples from suckling (n=205) and weaned piglets (n=82) with diarrhoea from 24 farms in Southern Germany were examined for shedding of important metazoic parasitic, viral and bacterial pathogens using culture, microscopic and electronmicroscopic methods. Escherichia coli isolates were tested further for the ente... |
Whole-lung Low Dose Irradiation for SARS-Cov2 Induced Pneumonia in the Geriatric Population: An Old Effective Treatment for a New Disease? Recommendation of the International Geriatric Radiotherapy Group | A cytokine storm induced by SARS-Cov2 may produce pneumonitis which may be fatal for older patients with underlying lung disease. Hyper-elevation of Interleukin1 (IL-1), Tumor necrosis factor-1alfa (TNF-1 alfa), and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) produced by inflammatory macrophage M1 may damage the lung alveoli leading to sever... |
SARS-CoV-2 Infections and Serologic Responses from a Sample of U.S. Navy Service Members — USS Theodore Roosevelt, April 2020 | Compared with the volume of data on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks among older adults, relatively few data are available concerning COVID-19 in younger, healthy persons in the United States (1,2). In late March 2020, the aircraft carrier USS Theodore Roosevelt arrived at port in Guam after numerous U.S. ... |
Protective Efficacy of VP1-Specific Neutralizing Antibody Associated with a Reduction of Viral Load and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in Human SCARB2-Transgenic Mice | Hand-foot-mouth diseases (HFMD) caused by enterovirus 71 (EV71) and coxsackievirus 16 (CVA16) in children have now become a severe public health issue in the Asian-Pacific region. Recently we have successfully developed transgenic mice expressing human scavenger receptor class B member 2 (hSCARB2, a receptor of EV71 an... |
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