gem_id
stringlengths 20
25
| id
stringlengths 24
24
| title
stringlengths 3
59
| context
stringlengths 151
3.71k
| question
stringlengths 1
270
| target
stringlengths 1
270
| references
list | answers
dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-109800
|
5ad3f120604f3c001a3ff85c
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Other states with long histories of no death penalty include Wisconsin (the only state with only one execution), Rhode Island (although later reintroduced, it was unused and abolished again), Maine, North Dakota, Minnesota, West Virginia, Iowa, and Vermont. The District of Columbia has also abolished the death penalty; it was last used in 1957. Oregon abolished the death penalty through an overwhelming majority in a 1964 public referendum but reinstated it in a 1984 joint death penalty/life imprisonment referendum by an even higher margin after a similar 1978 referendum succeeded but was not implemented due to judicial rulings.
|
When was the first person executed in the District of Columbia?
|
When was the first person executed in the District of Columbia?
|
[
" When was the first person executed in the District of Columbia?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109801
|
5ad3f120604f3c001a3ff85d
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Other states with long histories of no death penalty include Wisconsin (the only state with only one execution), Rhode Island (although later reintroduced, it was unused and abolished again), Maine, North Dakota, Minnesota, West Virginia, Iowa, and Vermont. The District of Columbia has also abolished the death penalty; it was last used in 1957. Oregon abolished the death penalty through an overwhelming majority in a 1964 public referendum but reinstated it in a 1984 joint death penalty/life imprisonment referendum by an even higher margin after a similar 1978 referendum succeeded but was not implemented due to judicial rulings.
|
When did Oregon reject the death penalty?
|
When did Oregon reject the death penalty?
|
[
" When did Oregon reject the death penalty?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109802
|
5ad3f120604f3c001a3ff85e
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Other states with long histories of no death penalty include Wisconsin (the only state with only one execution), Rhode Island (although later reintroduced, it was unused and abolished again), Maine, North Dakota, Minnesota, West Virginia, Iowa, and Vermont. The District of Columbia has also abolished the death penalty; it was last used in 1957. Oregon abolished the death penalty through an overwhelming majority in a 1964 public referendum but reinstated it in a 1984 joint death penalty/life imprisonment referendum by an even higher margin after a similar 1978 referendum succeeded but was not implemented due to judicial rulings.
|
In what year did an Oregon referendum succeed in restoring the death penalty, only to be passed due to a court ruling?
|
In what year did an Oregon referendum succeed in restoring the death penalty, only to be passed due to a court ruling?
|
[
"In what year did an Oregon referendum succeed in restoring the death penalty, only to be passed due to a court ruling?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109803
|
5ad3f120604f3c001a3ff85f
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Other states with long histories of no death penalty include Wisconsin (the only state with only one execution), Rhode Island (although later reintroduced, it was unused and abolished again), Maine, North Dakota, Minnesota, West Virginia, Iowa, and Vermont. The District of Columbia has also abolished the death penalty; it was last used in 1957. Oregon abolished the death penalty through an overwhelming majority in a 1964 public referendum but reinstated it in a 1984 joint death penalty/life imprisonment referendum by an even higher margin after a similar 1978 referendum succeeded but was not implemented due to judicial rulings.
|
What state notably abolished the death penalty and then reintroduced it, and used it frequently?
|
What state notably abolished the death penalty and then reintroduced it, and used it frequently?
|
[
"What state notably abolished the death penalty and then reintroduced it, and used it frequently?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109804
|
570fee9a80d9841400ab3737
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Within the context of the overall murder rate, the death penalty cannot be said to be widely or routinely used in the United States; in recent years the average has been about one execution for about every 700 murders committed, or 1 execution for about every 325 murder convictions. However, 32 of the 50 states still execute people. Among them, Alabama has the highest per capita rate of death sentences. This is due to judges overriding life imprisonment sentences and imposing the death penalty. No other states allow this.
|
In the United States, how many murders are there for each execution?
|
In the United States, how many murders are there for each execution?
|
[
"In the United States, how many murders are there for each execution?"
] |
{
"text": [
"700"
],
"answer_start": [
206
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109805
|
570fee9a80d9841400ab3738
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Within the context of the overall murder rate, the death penalty cannot be said to be widely or routinely used in the United States; in recent years the average has been about one execution for about every 700 murders committed, or 1 execution for about every 325 murder convictions. However, 32 of the 50 states still execute people. Among them, Alabama has the highest per capita rate of death sentences. This is due to judges overriding life imprisonment sentences and imposing the death penalty. No other states allow this.
|
How many murder convictions occur in the US per execution?
|
How many murder convictions occur in the US per execution?
|
[
"How many murder convictions occur in the US per execution?"
] |
{
"text": [
"325"
],
"answer_start": [
260
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109806
|
570fee9a80d9841400ab3739
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Within the context of the overall murder rate, the death penalty cannot be said to be widely or routinely used in the United States; in recent years the average has been about one execution for about every 700 murders committed, or 1 execution for about every 325 murder convictions. However, 32 of the 50 states still execute people. Among them, Alabama has the highest per capita rate of death sentences. This is due to judges overriding life imprisonment sentences and imposing the death penalty. No other states allow this.
|
How many states in the US have the death penalty?
|
How many states in the US have the death penalty?
|
[
"How many states in the US have the death penalty?"
] |
{
"text": [
"32"
],
"answer_start": [
293
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109807
|
570fee9a80d9841400ab373a
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Within the context of the overall murder rate, the death penalty cannot be said to be widely or routinely used in the United States; in recent years the average has been about one execution for about every 700 murders committed, or 1 execution for about every 325 murder convictions. However, 32 of the 50 states still execute people. Among them, Alabama has the highest per capita rate of death sentences. This is due to judges overriding life imprisonment sentences and imposing the death penalty. No other states allow this.
|
What state has the highest rate of death sentences per person?
|
What state has the highest rate of death sentences per person?
|
[
"What state has the highest rate of death sentences per person?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Alabama"
],
"answer_start": [
347
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109808
|
570fee9a80d9841400ab373b
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Within the context of the overall murder rate, the death penalty cannot be said to be widely or routinely used in the United States; in recent years the average has been about one execution for about every 700 murders committed, or 1 execution for about every 325 murder convictions. However, 32 of the 50 states still execute people. Among them, Alabama has the highest per capita rate of death sentences. This is due to judges overriding life imprisonment sentences and imposing the death penalty. No other states allow this.
|
What does Alabama law allow judges to do that isn't allowed in other states?
|
What does Alabama law allow judges to do that isn't allowed in other states?
|
[
"What does Alabama law allow judges to do that isn't allowed in other states?"
] |
{
"text": [
"overriding life imprisonment sentences and imposing the death penalty"
],
"answer_start": [
429
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109809
|
5ad3fcc2604f3c001a3ffbab
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Within the context of the overall murder rate, the death penalty cannot be said to be widely or routinely used in the United States; in recent years the average has been about one execution for about every 700 murders committed, or 1 execution for about every 325 murder convictions. However, 32 of the 50 states still execute people. Among them, Alabama has the highest per capita rate of death sentences. This is due to judges overriding life imprisonment sentences and imposing the death penalty. No other states allow this.
|
In the United States, how many rapes are there for each execution?
|
In the United States, how many rapes are there for each execution?
|
[
"In the United States, how many rapes are there for each execution?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109810
|
5ad3fcc2604f3c001a3ffbac
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Within the context of the overall murder rate, the death penalty cannot be said to be widely or routinely used in the United States; in recent years the average has been about one execution for about every 700 murders committed, or 1 execution for about every 325 murder convictions. However, 32 of the 50 states still execute people. Among them, Alabama has the highest per capita rate of death sentences. This is due to judges overriding life imprisonment sentences and imposing the death penalty. No other states allow this.
|
How many murder releases occur in the US per execution?
|
How many murder releases occur in the US per execution?
|
[
" How many murder releases occur in the US per execution?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109811
|
5ad3fcc2604f3c001a3ffbad
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Within the context of the overall murder rate, the death penalty cannot be said to be widely or routinely used in the United States; in recent years the average has been about one execution for about every 700 murders committed, or 1 execution for about every 325 murder convictions. However, 32 of the 50 states still execute people. Among them, Alabama has the highest per capita rate of death sentences. This is due to judges overriding life imprisonment sentences and imposing the death penalty. No other states allow this.
|
How many states in the US do not have the death penalty?
|
How many states in the US do not have the death penalty?
|
[
" How many states in the US do not have the death penalty?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109812
|
5ad3fcc2604f3c001a3ffbae
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Within the context of the overall murder rate, the death penalty cannot be said to be widely or routinely used in the United States; in recent years the average has been about one execution for about every 700 murders committed, or 1 execution for about every 325 murder convictions. However, 32 of the 50 states still execute people. Among them, Alabama has the highest per capita rate of death sentences. This is due to judges overriding life imprisonment sentences and imposing the death penalty. No other states allow this.
|
What state has the lowest rate of death sentences per person?
|
What state has the lowest rate of death sentences per person?
|
[
" What state has the lowest rate of death sentences per person?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109813
|
5ad3fcc2604f3c001a3ffbaf
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Within the context of the overall murder rate, the death penalty cannot be said to be widely or routinely used in the United States; in recent years the average has been about one execution for about every 700 murders committed, or 1 execution for about every 325 murder convictions. However, 32 of the 50 states still execute people. Among them, Alabama has the highest per capita rate of death sentences. This is due to judges overriding life imprisonment sentences and imposing the death penalty. No other states allow this.
|
What does Alabama law allow judges to do that is allowed in other states?
|
What does Alabama law allow judges to do that is allowed in other states?
|
[
"What does Alabama law allow judges to do that is allowed in other states?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109814
|
570fef8a5ab6b819003910dd
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Puerto Rico's constitution expressly forbids capital punishment, stating "The death penalty shall not exist", setting it apart from all U.S. states and territories other than Michigan, which also has a constitutional prohibition (eleven other states and the District of Columbia have abolished capital punishment through statutory law). However, capital punishment is still applicable to offenses committed in Puerto Rico, if they fall under the jurisdiction of the federal government, though federal death penalty prosecutions there have generated significant controversy.
|
What territory's constitution says "The death penalty shall not exist"?
|
What territory's constitution says "The death penalty shall not exist"?
|
[
"What territory's constitution says \"The death penalty shall not exist\"?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Puerto Rico's"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109815
|
570fef8a5ab6b819003910de
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Puerto Rico's constitution expressly forbids capital punishment, stating "The death penalty shall not exist", setting it apart from all U.S. states and territories other than Michigan, which also has a constitutional prohibition (eleven other states and the District of Columbia have abolished capital punishment through statutory law). However, capital punishment is still applicable to offenses committed in Puerto Rico, if they fall under the jurisdiction of the federal government, though federal death penalty prosecutions there have generated significant controversy.
|
What US state prohibits the death penalty in its constitution?
|
What US state prohibits the death penalty in its constitution?
|
[
"What US state prohibits the death penalty in its constitution?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Michigan"
],
"answer_start": [
175
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109816
|
570fef8a5ab6b819003910df
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Puerto Rico's constitution expressly forbids capital punishment, stating "The death penalty shall not exist", setting it apart from all U.S. states and territories other than Michigan, which also has a constitutional prohibition (eleven other states and the District of Columbia have abolished capital punishment through statutory law). However, capital punishment is still applicable to offenses committed in Puerto Rico, if they fall under the jurisdiction of the federal government, though federal death penalty prosecutions there have generated significant controversy.
|
How many US states have passed laws outlawing the death penalty?
|
How many US states have passed laws outlawing the death penalty?
|
[
"How many US states have passed laws outlawing the death penalty?"
] |
{
"text": [
"eleven"
],
"answer_start": [
230
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109817
|
570fef8a5ab6b819003910e0
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Puerto Rico's constitution expressly forbids capital punishment, stating "The death penalty shall not exist", setting it apart from all U.S. states and territories other than Michigan, which also has a constitutional prohibition (eleven other states and the District of Columbia have abolished capital punishment through statutory law). However, capital punishment is still applicable to offenses committed in Puerto Rico, if they fall under the jurisdiction of the federal government, though federal death penalty prosecutions there have generated significant controversy.
|
Under what jurisdiction can capital offenses still be committed in Puerto Rico?
|
Under what jurisdiction can capital offenses still be committed in Puerto Rico?
|
[
"Under what jurisdiction can capital offenses still be committed in Puerto Rico?"
] |
{
"text": [
"federal"
],
"answer_start": [
466
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109818
|
5ad3f298604f3c001a3ff8b9
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Puerto Rico's constitution expressly forbids capital punishment, stating "The death penalty shall not exist", setting it apart from all U.S. states and territories other than Michigan, which also has a constitutional prohibition (eleven other states and the District of Columbia have abolished capital punishment through statutory law). However, capital punishment is still applicable to offenses committed in Puerto Rico, if they fall under the jurisdiction of the federal government, though federal death penalty prosecutions there have generated significant controversy.
|
What territory's constitution says "The death penalty shall definitely exist"?
|
What territory's constitution says "The death penalty shall definitely exist"?
|
[
"What territory's constitution says \"The death penalty shall definitely exist\"?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109819
|
5ad3f298604f3c001a3ff8ba
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Puerto Rico's constitution expressly forbids capital punishment, stating "The death penalty shall not exist", setting it apart from all U.S. states and territories other than Michigan, which also has a constitutional prohibition (eleven other states and the District of Columbia have abolished capital punishment through statutory law). However, capital punishment is still applicable to offenses committed in Puerto Rico, if they fall under the jurisdiction of the federal government, though federal death penalty prosecutions there have generated significant controversy.
|
What US state allows the death penalty in its constitution?
|
What US state allows the death penalty in its constitution?
|
[
" What US state allows the death penalty in its constitution?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109820
|
5ad3f298604f3c001a3ff8bb
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Puerto Rico's constitution expressly forbids capital punishment, stating "The death penalty shall not exist", setting it apart from all U.S. states and territories other than Michigan, which also has a constitutional prohibition (eleven other states and the District of Columbia have abolished capital punishment through statutory law). However, capital punishment is still applicable to offenses committed in Puerto Rico, if they fall under the jurisdiction of the federal government, though federal death penalty prosecutions there have generated significant controversy.
|
How many UK towns have passed laws outlawing the death penalty?
|
How many UK towns have passed laws outlawing the death penalty?
|
[
"How many UK towns have passed laws outlawing the death penalty?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109821
|
5ad3f298604f3c001a3ff8bc
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Puerto Rico's constitution expressly forbids capital punishment, stating "The death penalty shall not exist", setting it apart from all U.S. states and territories other than Michigan, which also has a constitutional prohibition (eleven other states and the District of Columbia have abolished capital punishment through statutory law). However, capital punishment is still applicable to offenses committed in Puerto Rico, if they fall under the jurisdiction of the federal government, though federal death penalty prosecutions there have generated significant controversy.
|
Under what jurisdiction can capital offenses never be committed in Puerto Rico?
|
Under what jurisdiction can capital offenses never be committed in Puerto Rico?
|
[
"Under what jurisdiction can capital offenses never be committed in Puerto Rico?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109822
|
570feffa80d9841400ab3741
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Capital punishment was suspended in the United States from 1972 through 1976 primarily as a result of the Supreme Court's decision in Furman v. Georgia. The last pre-Furman execution was that of Luis Monge on June 2, 1967. In this case, the court found that the death penalty was being imposed in an unconstitutional manner, on the grounds of cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The Supreme Court has never ruled the death penalty to be per se unconstitutional.
|
In what year was the death penalty suspended in the US?
|
In what year was the death penalty suspended in the US?
|
[
"In what year was the death penalty suspended in the US?"
] |
{
"text": [
"1972"
],
"answer_start": [
59
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109823
|
570feffa80d9841400ab3742
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Capital punishment was suspended in the United States from 1972 through 1976 primarily as a result of the Supreme Court's decision in Furman v. Georgia. The last pre-Furman execution was that of Luis Monge on June 2, 1967. In this case, the court found that the death penalty was being imposed in an unconstitutional manner, on the grounds of cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The Supreme Court has never ruled the death penalty to be per se unconstitutional.
|
What Supreme Court case resulted in capital punishment being suspended?
|
What Supreme Court case resulted in capital punishment being suspended?
|
[
"What Supreme Court case resulted in capital punishment being suspended?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Furman v. Georgia"
],
"answer_start": [
134
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109824
|
570feffa80d9841400ab3743
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Capital punishment was suspended in the United States from 1972 through 1976 primarily as a result of the Supreme Court's decision in Furman v. Georgia. The last pre-Furman execution was that of Luis Monge on June 2, 1967. In this case, the court found that the death penalty was being imposed in an unconstitutional manner, on the grounds of cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The Supreme Court has never ruled the death penalty to be per se unconstitutional.
|
Who was executed on June 2, 1967?
|
Who was executed on June 2, 1967?
|
[
"Who was executed on June 2, 1967?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Luis Monge"
],
"answer_start": [
195
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109825
|
570feffa80d9841400ab3744
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Capital punishment was suspended in the United States from 1972 through 1976 primarily as a result of the Supreme Court's decision in Furman v. Georgia. The last pre-Furman execution was that of Luis Monge on June 2, 1967. In this case, the court found that the death penalty was being imposed in an unconstitutional manner, on the grounds of cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The Supreme Court has never ruled the death penalty to be per se unconstitutional.
|
What amendment to the United States Constitution forbids cruel and unusual punishment?
|
What amendment to the United States Constitution forbids cruel and unusual punishment?
|
[
"What amendment to the United States Constitution forbids cruel and unusual punishment?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Eighth"
],
"answer_start": [
392
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109826
|
570feffa80d9841400ab3745
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Capital punishment was suspended in the United States from 1972 through 1976 primarily as a result of the Supreme Court's decision in Furman v. Georgia. The last pre-Furman execution was that of Luis Monge on June 2, 1967. In this case, the court found that the death penalty was being imposed in an unconstitutional manner, on the grounds of cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The Supreme Court has never ruled the death penalty to be per se unconstitutional.
|
In what year was the suspension of the death penalty in the United States ended?
|
In what year was the suspension of the death penalty in the United States ended?
|
[
"In what year was the suspension of the death penalty in the United States ended?"
] |
{
"text": [
"1976"
],
"answer_start": [
72
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109827
|
5ad3f2d0604f3c001a3ff8cb
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Capital punishment was suspended in the United States from 1972 through 1976 primarily as a result of the Supreme Court's decision in Furman v. Georgia. The last pre-Furman execution was that of Luis Monge on June 2, 1967. In this case, the court found that the death penalty was being imposed in an unconstitutional manner, on the grounds of cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The Supreme Court has never ruled the death penalty to be per se unconstitutional.
|
In what year was the death penalty allowed in the US?
|
In what year was the death penalty allowed in the US?
|
[
"In what year was the death penalty allowed in the US?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109828
|
5ad3f2d0604f3c001a3ff8cc
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Capital punishment was suspended in the United States from 1972 through 1976 primarily as a result of the Supreme Court's decision in Furman v. Georgia. The last pre-Furman execution was that of Luis Monge on June 2, 1967. In this case, the court found that the death penalty was being imposed in an unconstitutional manner, on the grounds of cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The Supreme Court has never ruled the death penalty to be per se unconstitutional.
|
What Supreme Court case resulted in capital punishment being allowed?
|
What Supreme Court case resulted in capital punishment being allowed?
|
[
"What Supreme Court case resulted in capital punishment being allowed?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109829
|
5ad3f2d0604f3c001a3ff8cd
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Capital punishment was suspended in the United States from 1972 through 1976 primarily as a result of the Supreme Court's decision in Furman v. Georgia. The last pre-Furman execution was that of Luis Monge on June 2, 1967. In this case, the court found that the death penalty was being imposed in an unconstitutional manner, on the grounds of cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The Supreme Court has never ruled the death penalty to be per se unconstitutional.
|
Who was executed on June 2, 1987?
|
Who was executed on June 2, 1987?
|
[
" Who was executed on June 2, 1987?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109830
|
5ad3f2d0604f3c001a3ff8ce
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Capital punishment was suspended in the United States from 1972 through 1976 primarily as a result of the Supreme Court's decision in Furman v. Georgia. The last pre-Furman execution was that of Luis Monge on June 2, 1967. In this case, the court found that the death penalty was being imposed in an unconstitutional manner, on the grounds of cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The Supreme Court has never ruled the death penalty to be per se unconstitutional.
|
What amendment to the United States Constitution allows cruel and unusual punishment?
|
What amendment to the United States Constitution allows cruel and unusual punishment?
|
[
"What amendment to the United States Constitution allows cruel and unusual punishment?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109831
|
5ad3f2d0604f3c001a3ff8cf
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Capital punishment was suspended in the United States from 1972 through 1976 primarily as a result of the Supreme Court's decision in Furman v. Georgia. The last pre-Furman execution was that of Luis Monge on June 2, 1967. In this case, the court found that the death penalty was being imposed in an unconstitutional manner, on the grounds of cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The Supreme Court has never ruled the death penalty to be per se unconstitutional.
|
In what year was the suspension of the death penalty in South America ended?
|
In what year was the suspension of the death penalty in South America ended?
|
[
"In what year was the suspension of the death penalty in South America ended?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109832
|
570ff147b654c5140001f6d1
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Present-day statutes from across the nation use the same words and phrases, requiring modern executions to take place within a wall or enclosure to exclude public view. Connecticut General Statute § 54–100 requires death sentences to be conducted in an "enclosure" which "shall be so constructed as to exclude public view." Kentucky Revised Statute 431.220 and Missouri Revised Statute § 546.730 contain substantially identical language. New Mexico's former death penalty, since repealed, see N.M. Stat. § 31-14-12, required executions be conducted in a "room or place enclosed from public view." Similarly, a dormant Massachusetts law, see Mass. Gen. Law ch. 279 § 60, required executions to take place "within an enclosure or building." North Carolina General Statute § 15-188 requires death sentences to be executed "within the walls" of the penitentiary, as do Oklahoma Statute Title 22 § 1015 and Montana Code § 46-19-103. Ohio Revised Code § 2949.22 requires that "[t]he enclosure shall exclude public view." Similarly, Tennessee Code § 40-23-116 requires "an enclosure" for "strict seclusion and privacy." United States Code Title 18 § 3596 and the Code of Federal Regulations 28 CFR 26.4 limit the witnesses permitted at federal executions.
|
What state's law says that death sentences must take place in an "enclosure"?
|
What state's law says that death sentences must take place in an "enclosure"?
|
[
"What state's law says that death sentences must take place in an \"enclosure\"?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Connecticut"
],
"answer_start": [
169
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109833
|
570ff147b654c5140001f6d2
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Present-day statutes from across the nation use the same words and phrases, requiring modern executions to take place within a wall or enclosure to exclude public view. Connecticut General Statute § 54–100 requires death sentences to be conducted in an "enclosure" which "shall be so constructed as to exclude public view." Kentucky Revised Statute 431.220 and Missouri Revised Statute § 546.730 contain substantially identical language. New Mexico's former death penalty, since repealed, see N.M. Stat. § 31-14-12, required executions be conducted in a "room or place enclosed from public view." Similarly, a dormant Massachusetts law, see Mass. Gen. Law ch. 279 § 60, required executions to take place "within an enclosure or building." North Carolina General Statute § 15-188 requires death sentences to be executed "within the walls" of the penitentiary, as do Oklahoma Statute Title 22 § 1015 and Montana Code § 46-19-103. Ohio Revised Code § 2949.22 requires that "[t]he enclosure shall exclude public view." Similarly, Tennessee Code § 40-23-116 requires "an enclosure" for "strict seclusion and privacy." United States Code Title 18 § 3596 and the Code of Federal Regulations 28 CFR 26.4 limit the witnesses permitted at federal executions.
|
What law has similar language to Missouri Revised Statute § 546.730?
|
What law has similar language to Missouri Revised Statute § 546.730?
|
[
"What law has similar language to Missouri Revised Statute § 546.730?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Kentucky Revised Statute 431.220"
],
"answer_start": [
324
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109834
|
570ff147b654c5140001f6d3
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Present-day statutes from across the nation use the same words and phrases, requiring modern executions to take place within a wall or enclosure to exclude public view. Connecticut General Statute § 54–100 requires death sentences to be conducted in an "enclosure" which "shall be so constructed as to exclude public view." Kentucky Revised Statute 431.220 and Missouri Revised Statute § 546.730 contain substantially identical language. New Mexico's former death penalty, since repealed, see N.M. Stat. § 31-14-12, required executions be conducted in a "room or place enclosed from public view." Similarly, a dormant Massachusetts law, see Mass. Gen. Law ch. 279 § 60, required executions to take place "within an enclosure or building." North Carolina General Statute § 15-188 requires death sentences to be executed "within the walls" of the penitentiary, as do Oklahoma Statute Title 22 § 1015 and Montana Code § 46-19-103. Ohio Revised Code § 2949.22 requires that "[t]he enclosure shall exclude public view." Similarly, Tennessee Code § 40-23-116 requires "an enclosure" for "strict seclusion and privacy." United States Code Title 18 § 3596 and the Code of Federal Regulations 28 CFR 26.4 limit the witnesses permitted at federal executions.
|
What state's law mandated that executions occur in ""room or place enclosed from public view"?
|
What state's law mandated that executions occur in ""room or place enclosed from public view"?
|
[
"What state's law mandated that executions occur in \"\"room or place enclosed from public view\"?"
] |
{
"text": [
"New Mexico's"
],
"answer_start": [
438
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109835
|
570ff147b654c5140001f6d4
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Present-day statutes from across the nation use the same words and phrases, requiring modern executions to take place within a wall or enclosure to exclude public view. Connecticut General Statute § 54–100 requires death sentences to be conducted in an "enclosure" which "shall be so constructed as to exclude public view." Kentucky Revised Statute 431.220 and Missouri Revised Statute § 546.730 contain substantially identical language. New Mexico's former death penalty, since repealed, see N.M. Stat. § 31-14-12, required executions be conducted in a "room or place enclosed from public view." Similarly, a dormant Massachusetts law, see Mass. Gen. Law ch. 279 § 60, required executions to take place "within an enclosure or building." North Carolina General Statute § 15-188 requires death sentences to be executed "within the walls" of the penitentiary, as do Oklahoma Statute Title 22 § 1015 and Montana Code § 46-19-103. Ohio Revised Code § 2949.22 requires that "[t]he enclosure shall exclude public view." Similarly, Tennessee Code § 40-23-116 requires "an enclosure" for "strict seclusion and privacy." United States Code Title 18 § 3596 and the Code of Federal Regulations 28 CFR 26.4 limit the witnesses permitted at federal executions.
|
Along with United States Code Title 18 § 3596, what federal law limits the people who can witness a federal execution?
|
Along with United States Code Title 18 § 3596, what federal law limits the people who can witness a federal execution?
|
[
"Along with United States Code Title 18 § 3596, what federal law limits the people who can witness a federal execution?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Code of Federal Regulations 28 CFR 26.4"
],
"answer_start": [
1156
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109836
|
570ff147b654c5140001f6d5
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Present-day statutes from across the nation use the same words and phrases, requiring modern executions to take place within a wall or enclosure to exclude public view. Connecticut General Statute § 54–100 requires death sentences to be conducted in an "enclosure" which "shall be so constructed as to exclude public view." Kentucky Revised Statute 431.220 and Missouri Revised Statute § 546.730 contain substantially identical language. New Mexico's former death penalty, since repealed, see N.M. Stat. § 31-14-12, required executions be conducted in a "room or place enclosed from public view." Similarly, a dormant Massachusetts law, see Mass. Gen. Law ch. 279 § 60, required executions to take place "within an enclosure or building." North Carolina General Statute § 15-188 requires death sentences to be executed "within the walls" of the penitentiary, as do Oklahoma Statute Title 22 § 1015 and Montana Code § 46-19-103. Ohio Revised Code § 2949.22 requires that "[t]he enclosure shall exclude public view." Similarly, Tennessee Code § 40-23-116 requires "an enclosure" for "strict seclusion and privacy." United States Code Title 18 § 3596 and the Code of Federal Regulations 28 CFR 26.4 limit the witnesses permitted at federal executions.
|
What state's law requires that capital punishment occur "within the walls" of a penitentiary?
|
What state's law requires that capital punishment occur "within the walls" of a penitentiary?
|
[
"What state's law requires that capital punishment occur \"within the walls\" of a penitentiary?"
] |
{
"text": [
"North Carolina"
],
"answer_start": [
739
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109837
|
5ad3fdac604f3c001a3ffbf5
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Present-day statutes from across the nation use the same words and phrases, requiring modern executions to take place within a wall or enclosure to exclude public view. Connecticut General Statute § 54–100 requires death sentences to be conducted in an "enclosure" which "shall be so constructed as to exclude public view." Kentucky Revised Statute 431.220 and Missouri Revised Statute § 546.730 contain substantially identical language. New Mexico's former death penalty, since repealed, see N.M. Stat. § 31-14-12, required executions be conducted in a "room or place enclosed from public view." Similarly, a dormant Massachusetts law, see Mass. Gen. Law ch. 279 § 60, required executions to take place "within an enclosure or building." North Carolina General Statute § 15-188 requires death sentences to be executed "within the walls" of the penitentiary, as do Oklahoma Statute Title 22 § 1015 and Montana Code § 46-19-103. Ohio Revised Code § 2949.22 requires that "[t]he enclosure shall exclude public view." Similarly, Tennessee Code § 40-23-116 requires "an enclosure" for "strict seclusion and privacy." United States Code Title 18 § 3596 and the Code of Federal Regulations 28 CFR 26.4 limit the witnesses permitted at federal executions.
|
What state's law says that death sentences must not take place in an "enclosure"?
|
What state's law says that death sentences must not take place in an "enclosure"?
|
[
"What state's law says that death sentences must not take place in an \"enclosure\"?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109838
|
5ad3fdac604f3c001a3ffbf6
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Present-day statutes from across the nation use the same words and phrases, requiring modern executions to take place within a wall or enclosure to exclude public view. Connecticut General Statute § 54–100 requires death sentences to be conducted in an "enclosure" which "shall be so constructed as to exclude public view." Kentucky Revised Statute 431.220 and Missouri Revised Statute § 546.730 contain substantially identical language. New Mexico's former death penalty, since repealed, see N.M. Stat. § 31-14-12, required executions be conducted in a "room or place enclosed from public view." Similarly, a dormant Massachusetts law, see Mass. Gen. Law ch. 279 § 60, required executions to take place "within an enclosure or building." North Carolina General Statute § 15-188 requires death sentences to be executed "within the walls" of the penitentiary, as do Oklahoma Statute Title 22 § 1015 and Montana Code § 46-19-103. Ohio Revised Code § 2949.22 requires that "[t]he enclosure shall exclude public view." Similarly, Tennessee Code § 40-23-116 requires "an enclosure" for "strict seclusion and privacy." United States Code Title 18 § 3596 and the Code of Federal Regulations 28 CFR 26.4 limit the witnesses permitted at federal executions.
|
What law has different language to Missouri Revised Statute § 546.730?
|
What law has different language to Missouri Revised Statute § 546.730?
|
[
"What law has different language to Missouri Revised Statute § 546.730?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109839
|
5ad3fdac604f3c001a3ffbf7
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Present-day statutes from across the nation use the same words and phrases, requiring modern executions to take place within a wall or enclosure to exclude public view. Connecticut General Statute § 54–100 requires death sentences to be conducted in an "enclosure" which "shall be so constructed as to exclude public view." Kentucky Revised Statute 431.220 and Missouri Revised Statute § 546.730 contain substantially identical language. New Mexico's former death penalty, since repealed, see N.M. Stat. § 31-14-12, required executions be conducted in a "room or place enclosed from public view." Similarly, a dormant Massachusetts law, see Mass. Gen. Law ch. 279 § 60, required executions to take place "within an enclosure or building." North Carolina General Statute § 15-188 requires death sentences to be executed "within the walls" of the penitentiary, as do Oklahoma Statute Title 22 § 1015 and Montana Code § 46-19-103. Ohio Revised Code § 2949.22 requires that "[t]he enclosure shall exclude public view." Similarly, Tennessee Code § 40-23-116 requires "an enclosure" for "strict seclusion and privacy." United States Code Title 18 § 3596 and the Code of Federal Regulations 28 CFR 26.4 limit the witnesses permitted at federal executions.
|
What state's law mandated that executions occur in ""room or place enclosed from private view"?
|
What state's law mandated that executions occur in ""room or place enclosed from private view"?
|
[
"What state's law mandated that executions occur in \"\"room or place enclosed from private view\"?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109840
|
5ad3fdac604f3c001a3ffbf8
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Present-day statutes from across the nation use the same words and phrases, requiring modern executions to take place within a wall or enclosure to exclude public view. Connecticut General Statute § 54–100 requires death sentences to be conducted in an "enclosure" which "shall be so constructed as to exclude public view." Kentucky Revised Statute 431.220 and Missouri Revised Statute § 546.730 contain substantially identical language. New Mexico's former death penalty, since repealed, see N.M. Stat. § 31-14-12, required executions be conducted in a "room or place enclosed from public view." Similarly, a dormant Massachusetts law, see Mass. Gen. Law ch. 279 § 60, required executions to take place "within an enclosure or building." North Carolina General Statute § 15-188 requires death sentences to be executed "within the walls" of the penitentiary, as do Oklahoma Statute Title 22 § 1015 and Montana Code § 46-19-103. Ohio Revised Code § 2949.22 requires that "[t]he enclosure shall exclude public view." Similarly, Tennessee Code § 40-23-116 requires "an enclosure" for "strict seclusion and privacy." United States Code Title 18 § 3596 and the Code of Federal Regulations 28 CFR 26.4 limit the witnesses permitted at federal executions.
|
Along with United States Code Title 18 § 3596, what federal law limits the people who won't witness a federal execution?
|
Along with United States Code Title 18 § 3596, what federal law limits the people who won't witness a federal execution?
|
[
" Along with United States Code Title 18 § 3596, what federal law limits the people who won't witness a federal execution?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109841
|
570ff265b654c5140001f6db
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
In 1976, contemporaneously with Woodson and Roberts, the Court decided Gregg v. Georgia and upheld a procedure in which the trial of capital crimes was bifurcated into guilt-innocence and sentencing phases. At the first proceeding, the jury decides the defendant's guilt; if the defendant is innocent or otherwise not convicted of first-degree murder, the death penalty will not be imposed. At the second hearing, the jury determines whether certain statutory aggravating factors exist, whether any mitigating factors exist, and, in many jurisdictions, weigh the aggravating and mitigating factors in assessing the ultimate penalty – either death or life in prison, either with or without parole.
|
In what year was Gregg v. Georgia decided?
|
In what year was Gregg v. Georgia decided?
|
[
"In what year was Gregg v. Georgia decided?"
] |
{
"text": [
"1976"
],
"answer_start": [
3
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109842
|
570ff265b654c5140001f6dc
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
In 1976, contemporaneously with Woodson and Roberts, the Court decided Gregg v. Georgia and upheld a procedure in which the trial of capital crimes was bifurcated into guilt-innocence and sentencing phases. At the first proceeding, the jury decides the defendant's guilt; if the defendant is innocent or otherwise not convicted of first-degree murder, the death penalty will not be imposed. At the second hearing, the jury determines whether certain statutory aggravating factors exist, whether any mitigating factors exist, and, in many jurisdictions, weigh the aggravating and mitigating factors in assessing the ultimate penalty – either death or life in prison, either with or without parole.
|
Along with the guilt-innocence phase, what is the other phase of a death penalty trial under Gregg v. Georgia?
|
Along with the guilt-innocence phase, what is the other phase of a death penalty trial under Gregg v. Georgia?
|
[
"Along with the guilt-innocence phase, what is the other phase of a death penalty trial under Gregg v. Georgia?"
] |
{
"text": [
"sentencing"
],
"answer_start": [
188
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109843
|
570ff265b654c5140001f6dd
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
In 1976, contemporaneously with Woodson and Roberts, the Court decided Gregg v. Georgia and upheld a procedure in which the trial of capital crimes was bifurcated into guilt-innocence and sentencing phases. At the first proceeding, the jury decides the defendant's guilt; if the defendant is innocent or otherwise not convicted of first-degree murder, the death penalty will not be imposed. At the second hearing, the jury determines whether certain statutory aggravating factors exist, whether any mitigating factors exist, and, in many jurisdictions, weigh the aggravating and mitigating factors in assessing the ultimate penalty – either death or life in prison, either with or without parole.
|
What is the only conviction that can lead to the death penalty?
|
What is the only conviction that can lead to the death penalty?
|
[
"What is the only conviction that can lead to the death penalty?"
] |
{
"text": [
"first-degree murder"
],
"answer_start": [
331
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109844
|
570ff265b654c5140001f6de
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
In 1976, contemporaneously with Woodson and Roberts, the Court decided Gregg v. Georgia and upheld a procedure in which the trial of capital crimes was bifurcated into guilt-innocence and sentencing phases. At the first proceeding, the jury decides the defendant's guilt; if the defendant is innocent or otherwise not convicted of first-degree murder, the death penalty will not be imposed. At the second hearing, the jury determines whether certain statutory aggravating factors exist, whether any mitigating factors exist, and, in many jurisdictions, weigh the aggravating and mitigating factors in assessing the ultimate penalty – either death or life in prison, either with or without parole.
|
Along with aggravating factors, what other factors are considered at the second hearing?
|
Along with aggravating factors, what other factors are considered at the second hearing?
|
[
"Along with aggravating factors, what other factors are considered at the second hearing?"
] |
{
"text": [
"mitigating"
],
"answer_start": [
499
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109845
|
570ff265b654c5140001f6df
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
In 1976, contemporaneously with Woodson and Roberts, the Court decided Gregg v. Georgia and upheld a procedure in which the trial of capital crimes was bifurcated into guilt-innocence and sentencing phases. At the first proceeding, the jury decides the defendant's guilt; if the defendant is innocent or otherwise not convicted of first-degree murder, the death penalty will not be imposed. At the second hearing, the jury determines whether certain statutory aggravating factors exist, whether any mitigating factors exist, and, in many jurisdictions, weigh the aggravating and mitigating factors in assessing the ultimate penalty – either death or life in prison, either with or without parole.
|
What is decided at the first proceeding?
|
What is decided at the first proceeding?
|
[
"What is decided at the first proceeding?"
] |
{
"text": [
"the defendant's guilt"
],
"answer_start": [
249
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109846
|
5ad3f336604f3c001a3ff8e5
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
In 1976, contemporaneously with Woodson and Roberts, the Court decided Gregg v. Georgia and upheld a procedure in which the trial of capital crimes was bifurcated into guilt-innocence and sentencing phases. At the first proceeding, the jury decides the defendant's guilt; if the defendant is innocent or otherwise not convicted of first-degree murder, the death penalty will not be imposed. At the second hearing, the jury determines whether certain statutory aggravating factors exist, whether any mitigating factors exist, and, in many jurisdictions, weigh the aggravating and mitigating factors in assessing the ultimate penalty – either death or life in prison, either with or without parole.
|
In what year was Gregg v. Georgia undecided?
|
In what year was Gregg v. Georgia undecided?
|
[
" In what year was Gregg v. Georgia undecided?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109847
|
5ad3f336604f3c001a3ff8e6
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
In 1976, contemporaneously with Woodson and Roberts, the Court decided Gregg v. Georgia and upheld a procedure in which the trial of capital crimes was bifurcated into guilt-innocence and sentencing phases. At the first proceeding, the jury decides the defendant's guilt; if the defendant is innocent or otherwise not convicted of first-degree murder, the death penalty will not be imposed. At the second hearing, the jury determines whether certain statutory aggravating factors exist, whether any mitigating factors exist, and, in many jurisdictions, weigh the aggravating and mitigating factors in assessing the ultimate penalty – either death or life in prison, either with or without parole.
|
Along with the innocence phase, what is the other phase of a death penalty trial under Gregg v. Georgia?
|
Along with the innocence phase, what is the other phase of a death penalty trial under Gregg v. Georgia?
|
[
"Along with the innocence phase, what is the other phase of a death penalty trial under Gregg v. Georgia?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109848
|
5ad3f336604f3c001a3ff8e7
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
In 1976, contemporaneously with Woodson and Roberts, the Court decided Gregg v. Georgia and upheld a procedure in which the trial of capital crimes was bifurcated into guilt-innocence and sentencing phases. At the first proceeding, the jury decides the defendant's guilt; if the defendant is innocent or otherwise not convicted of first-degree murder, the death penalty will not be imposed. At the second hearing, the jury determines whether certain statutory aggravating factors exist, whether any mitigating factors exist, and, in many jurisdictions, weigh the aggravating and mitigating factors in assessing the ultimate penalty – either death or life in prison, either with or without parole.
|
What isn't the only conviction that can lead to the death penalty?
|
What isn't the only conviction that can lead to the death penalty?
|
[
"What isn't the only conviction that can lead to the death penalty?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109849
|
5ad3f336604f3c001a3ff8e8
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
In 1976, contemporaneously with Woodson and Roberts, the Court decided Gregg v. Georgia and upheld a procedure in which the trial of capital crimes was bifurcated into guilt-innocence and sentencing phases. At the first proceeding, the jury decides the defendant's guilt; if the defendant is innocent or otherwise not convicted of first-degree murder, the death penalty will not be imposed. At the second hearing, the jury determines whether certain statutory aggravating factors exist, whether any mitigating factors exist, and, in many jurisdictions, weigh the aggravating and mitigating factors in assessing the ultimate penalty – either death or life in prison, either with or without parole.
|
Along with aggravating factors, what other factors are considered at the third hearing?
|
Along with aggravating factors, what other factors are considered at the third hearing?
|
[
" Along with aggravating factors, what other factors are considered at the third hearing?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109850
|
5ad3f336604f3c001a3ff8e9
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
In 1976, contemporaneously with Woodson and Roberts, the Court decided Gregg v. Georgia and upheld a procedure in which the trial of capital crimes was bifurcated into guilt-innocence and sentencing phases. At the first proceeding, the jury decides the defendant's guilt; if the defendant is innocent or otherwise not convicted of first-degree murder, the death penalty will not be imposed. At the second hearing, the jury determines whether certain statutory aggravating factors exist, whether any mitigating factors exist, and, in many jurisdictions, weigh the aggravating and mitigating factors in assessing the ultimate penalty – either death or life in prison, either with or without parole.
|
What is decided at the second proceeding?
|
What is decided at the second proceeding?
|
[
" What is decided at the second proceeding?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109851
|
570ff37bb654c5140001f6e5
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Possibly in part due to expedited federal habeas corpus procedures embodied in the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996, the pace of executions picked up, reaching a peak of 98 in 1999 and then they declined gradually to 28 in 2015. Since the death penalty was reauthorized in 1976, 1,411 people have been executed, almost exclusively by the states, with most occurring after 1990. Texas has accounted for over one-third of modern executions (although only two death sentences were imposed in Texas during 2015, with the courts preferring to issue sentences of life without parole instead) and over four times as many as Oklahoma, the state with the second-highest number. California has the greatest number of prisoners on death row, has issued the highest number of death sentences but has held relatively few executions.
|
How many executions occurred in 1999?
|
How many executions occurred in 1999?
|
[
"How many executions occurred in 1999?"
] |
{
"text": [
"98"
],
"answer_start": [
191
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109852
|
570ff37bb654c5140001f6e6
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Possibly in part due to expedited federal habeas corpus procedures embodied in the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996, the pace of executions picked up, reaching a peak of 98 in 1999 and then they declined gradually to 28 in 2015. Since the death penalty was reauthorized in 1976, 1,411 people have been executed, almost exclusively by the states, with most occurring after 1990. Texas has accounted for over one-third of modern executions (although only two death sentences were imposed in Texas during 2015, with the courts preferring to issue sentences of life without parole instead) and over four times as many as Oklahoma, the state with the second-highest number. California has the greatest number of prisoners on death row, has issued the highest number of death sentences but has held relatively few executions.
|
What was the number of people executed in 2015?
|
What was the number of people executed in 2015?
|
[
"What was the number of people executed in 2015?"
] |
{
"text": [
"28"
],
"answer_start": [
238
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109853
|
570ff37bb654c5140001f6e7
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Possibly in part due to expedited federal habeas corpus procedures embodied in the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996, the pace of executions picked up, reaching a peak of 98 in 1999 and then they declined gradually to 28 in 2015. Since the death penalty was reauthorized in 1976, 1,411 people have been executed, almost exclusively by the states, with most occurring after 1990. Texas has accounted for over one-third of modern executions (although only two death sentences were imposed in Texas during 2015, with the courts preferring to issue sentences of life without parole instead) and over four times as many as Oklahoma, the state with the second-highest number. California has the greatest number of prisoners on death row, has issued the highest number of death sentences but has held relatively few executions.
|
In what year did the reauthorization of capital punishment occur?
|
In what year did the reauthorization of capital punishment occur?
|
[
"In what year did the reauthorization of capital punishment occur?"
] |
{
"text": [
"1976"
],
"answer_start": [
294
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109854
|
570ff37bb654c5140001f6e8
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Possibly in part due to expedited federal habeas corpus procedures embodied in the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996, the pace of executions picked up, reaching a peak of 98 in 1999 and then they declined gradually to 28 in 2015. Since the death penalty was reauthorized in 1976, 1,411 people have been executed, almost exclusively by the states, with most occurring after 1990. Texas has accounted for over one-third of modern executions (although only two death sentences were imposed in Texas during 2015, with the courts preferring to issue sentences of life without parole instead) and over four times as many as Oklahoma, the state with the second-highest number. California has the greatest number of prisoners on death row, has issued the highest number of death sentences but has held relatively few executions.
|
How many people have been executed in the United States since 1976?
|
How many people have been executed in the United States since 1976?
|
[
"How many people have been executed in the United States since 1976?"
] |
{
"text": [
"1,411"
],
"answer_start": [
300
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109855
|
570ff37bb654c5140001f6e9
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Possibly in part due to expedited federal habeas corpus procedures embodied in the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996, the pace of executions picked up, reaching a peak of 98 in 1999 and then they declined gradually to 28 in 2015. Since the death penalty was reauthorized in 1976, 1,411 people have been executed, almost exclusively by the states, with most occurring after 1990. Texas has accounted for over one-third of modern executions (although only two death sentences were imposed in Texas during 2015, with the courts preferring to issue sentences of life without parole instead) and over four times as many as Oklahoma, the state with the second-highest number. California has the greatest number of prisoners on death row, has issued the highest number of death sentences but has held relatively few executions.
|
Which state has the largest number of people awaiting execution?
|
Which state has the largest number of people awaiting execution?
|
[
"Which state has the largest number of people awaiting execution?"
] |
{
"text": [
"California"
],
"answer_start": [
690
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109856
|
5ad3f472604f3c001a3ff93d
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Possibly in part due to expedited federal habeas corpus procedures embodied in the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996, the pace of executions picked up, reaching a peak of 98 in 1999 and then they declined gradually to 28 in 2015. Since the death penalty was reauthorized in 1976, 1,411 people have been executed, almost exclusively by the states, with most occurring after 1990. Texas has accounted for over one-third of modern executions (although only two death sentences were imposed in Texas during 2015, with the courts preferring to issue sentences of life without parole instead) and over four times as many as Oklahoma, the state with the second-highest number. California has the greatest number of prisoners on death row, has issued the highest number of death sentences but has held relatively few executions.
|
How many executions occurred in 1959?
|
How many executions occurred in 1959?
|
[
"How many executions occurred in 1959?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109857
|
5ad3f472604f3c001a3ff93e
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Possibly in part due to expedited federal habeas corpus procedures embodied in the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996, the pace of executions picked up, reaching a peak of 98 in 1999 and then they declined gradually to 28 in 2015. Since the death penalty was reauthorized in 1976, 1,411 people have been executed, almost exclusively by the states, with most occurring after 1990. Texas has accounted for over one-third of modern executions (although only two death sentences were imposed in Texas during 2015, with the courts preferring to issue sentences of life without parole instead) and over four times as many as Oklahoma, the state with the second-highest number. California has the greatest number of prisoners on death row, has issued the highest number of death sentences but has held relatively few executions.
|
What was the number of people executed in 2018?
|
What was the number of people executed in 2018?
|
[
" What was the number of people executed in 2018?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109858
|
5ad3f472604f3c001a3ff93f
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Possibly in part due to expedited federal habeas corpus procedures embodied in the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996, the pace of executions picked up, reaching a peak of 98 in 1999 and then they declined gradually to 28 in 2015. Since the death penalty was reauthorized in 1976, 1,411 people have been executed, almost exclusively by the states, with most occurring after 1990. Texas has accounted for over one-third of modern executions (although only two death sentences were imposed in Texas during 2015, with the courts preferring to issue sentences of life without parole instead) and over four times as many as Oklahoma, the state with the second-highest number. California has the greatest number of prisoners on death row, has issued the highest number of death sentences but has held relatively few executions.
|
In what year did the unauthorization of capital punishment occur?
|
In what year did the unauthorization of capital punishment occur?
|
[
"In what year did the unauthorization of capital punishment occur?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109859
|
5ad3f472604f3c001a3ff940
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Possibly in part due to expedited federal habeas corpus procedures embodied in the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996, the pace of executions picked up, reaching a peak of 98 in 1999 and then they declined gradually to 28 in 2015. Since the death penalty was reauthorized in 1976, 1,411 people have been executed, almost exclusively by the states, with most occurring after 1990. Texas has accounted for over one-third of modern executions (although only two death sentences were imposed in Texas during 2015, with the courts preferring to issue sentences of life without parole instead) and over four times as many as Oklahoma, the state with the second-highest number. California has the greatest number of prisoners on death row, has issued the highest number of death sentences but has held relatively few executions.
|
How many people have been freed from being executed in the United States since 1976?
|
How many people have been freed from being executed in the United States since 1976?
|
[
" How many people have been freed from being executed in the United States since 1976?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109860
|
5ad3f472604f3c001a3ff941
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Possibly in part due to expedited federal habeas corpus procedures embodied in the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996, the pace of executions picked up, reaching a peak of 98 in 1999 and then they declined gradually to 28 in 2015. Since the death penalty was reauthorized in 1976, 1,411 people have been executed, almost exclusively by the states, with most occurring after 1990. Texas has accounted for over one-third of modern executions (although only two death sentences were imposed in Texas during 2015, with the courts preferring to issue sentences of life without parole instead) and over four times as many as Oklahoma, the state with the second-highest number. California has the greatest number of prisoners on death row, has issued the highest number of death sentences but has held relatively few executions.
|
Which state has the smallest number of people awaiting execution?
|
Which state has the smallest number of people awaiting execution?
|
[
" Which state has the smallest number of people awaiting execution?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109861
|
570ff55ab654c5140001f6ef
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
As of November 2008, there is only one person on death row facing capital punishment who has not been convicted of murder. Demarcus Sears remains under a death sentence in Georgia for the crime of "kidnapping with bodily injury." Sears was convicted in 1986 for the kidnapping and bodily injury of victim Gloria Ann Wilbur. Wilbur was kidnapped and beaten in Georgia, raped in Tennessee, and murdered in Kentucky. Sears was never charged with the murder of Wilbur in Kentucky, but was sentenced to death by a jury in Georgia for "kidnapping with bodily injury."
|
In November 2008, who was on death penalty without a murder conviction?
|
In November 2008, who was on death penalty without a murder conviction?
|
[
"In November 2008, who was on death penalty without a murder conviction?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Demarcus Sears"
],
"answer_start": [
123
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109862
|
570ff55ab654c5140001f6f0
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
As of November 2008, there is only one person on death row facing capital punishment who has not been convicted of murder. Demarcus Sears remains under a death sentence in Georgia for the crime of "kidnapping with bodily injury." Sears was convicted in 1986 for the kidnapping and bodily injury of victim Gloria Ann Wilbur. Wilbur was kidnapped and beaten in Georgia, raped in Tennessee, and murdered in Kentucky. Sears was never charged with the murder of Wilbur in Kentucky, but was sentenced to death by a jury in Georgia for "kidnapping with bodily injury."
|
Who did Demarcus Sears kidnap?
|
Who did Demarcus Sears kidnap?
|
[
"Who did Demarcus Sears kidnap?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Gloria Ann Wilbur"
],
"answer_start": [
305
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109863
|
570ff55ab654c5140001f6f1
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
As of November 2008, there is only one person on death row facing capital punishment who has not been convicted of murder. Demarcus Sears remains under a death sentence in Georgia for the crime of "kidnapping with bodily injury." Sears was convicted in 1986 for the kidnapping and bodily injury of victim Gloria Ann Wilbur. Wilbur was kidnapped and beaten in Georgia, raped in Tennessee, and murdered in Kentucky. Sears was never charged with the murder of Wilbur in Kentucky, but was sentenced to death by a jury in Georgia for "kidnapping with bodily injury."
|
In what state was Gloria Ann Wilbur murdered?
|
In what state was Gloria Ann Wilbur murdered?
|
[
"In what state was Gloria Ann Wilbur murdered?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Kentucky"
],
"answer_start": [
404
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109864
|
570ff55ab654c5140001f6f2
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
As of November 2008, there is only one person on death row facing capital punishment who has not been convicted of murder. Demarcus Sears remains under a death sentence in Georgia for the crime of "kidnapping with bodily injury." Sears was convicted in 1986 for the kidnapping and bodily injury of victim Gloria Ann Wilbur. Wilbur was kidnapped and beaten in Georgia, raped in Tennessee, and murdered in Kentucky. Sears was never charged with the murder of Wilbur in Kentucky, but was sentenced to death by a jury in Georgia for "kidnapping with bodily injury."
|
In what year was Demarcus Sears convicted of kidnapping?
|
In what year was Demarcus Sears convicted of kidnapping?
|
[
"In what year was Demarcus Sears convicted of kidnapping?"
] |
{
"text": [
"1986"
],
"answer_start": [
253
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109865
|
570ff55ab654c5140001f6f3
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
As of November 2008, there is only one person on death row facing capital punishment who has not been convicted of murder. Demarcus Sears remains under a death sentence in Georgia for the crime of "kidnapping with bodily injury." Sears was convicted in 1986 for the kidnapping and bodily injury of victim Gloria Ann Wilbur. Wilbur was kidnapped and beaten in Georgia, raped in Tennessee, and murdered in Kentucky. Sears was never charged with the murder of Wilbur in Kentucky, but was sentenced to death by a jury in Georgia for "kidnapping with bodily injury."
|
A jury in what state sentenced Demarcus Sears to death?
|
A jury in what state sentenced Demarcus Sears to death?
|
[
"A jury in what state sentenced Demarcus Sears to death?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Georgia"
],
"answer_start": [
517
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109866
|
5ad3f56b604f3c001a3ff985
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
As of November 2008, there is only one person on death row facing capital punishment who has not been convicted of murder. Demarcus Sears remains under a death sentence in Georgia for the crime of "kidnapping with bodily injury." Sears was convicted in 1986 for the kidnapping and bodily injury of victim Gloria Ann Wilbur. Wilbur was kidnapped and beaten in Georgia, raped in Tennessee, and murdered in Kentucky. Sears was never charged with the murder of Wilbur in Kentucky, but was sentenced to death by a jury in Georgia for "kidnapping with bodily injury."
|
In November 2018, who was on death penalty without a murder conviction?
|
In November 2018, who was on death penalty without a murder conviction?
|
[
"In November 2018, who was on death penalty without a murder conviction?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109867
|
5ad3f56b604f3c001a3ff986
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
As of November 2008, there is only one person on death row facing capital punishment who has not been convicted of murder. Demarcus Sears remains under a death sentence in Georgia for the crime of "kidnapping with bodily injury." Sears was convicted in 1986 for the kidnapping and bodily injury of victim Gloria Ann Wilbur. Wilbur was kidnapped and beaten in Georgia, raped in Tennessee, and murdered in Kentucky. Sears was never charged with the murder of Wilbur in Kentucky, but was sentenced to death by a jury in Georgia for "kidnapping with bodily injury."
|
Who did Demarcus Sears let go free?
|
Who did Demarcus Sears let go free?
|
[
" Who did Demarcus Sears let go free?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109868
|
5ad3f56b604f3c001a3ff987
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
As of November 2008, there is only one person on death row facing capital punishment who has not been convicted of murder. Demarcus Sears remains under a death sentence in Georgia for the crime of "kidnapping with bodily injury." Sears was convicted in 1986 for the kidnapping and bodily injury of victim Gloria Ann Wilbur. Wilbur was kidnapped and beaten in Georgia, raped in Tennessee, and murdered in Kentucky. Sears was never charged with the murder of Wilbur in Kentucky, but was sentenced to death by a jury in Georgia for "kidnapping with bodily injury."
|
In what state was Gloria Ann Wilbur born?
|
In what state was Gloria Ann Wilbur born?
|
[
" In what state was Gloria Ann Wilbur born?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109869
|
5ad3f56b604f3c001a3ff988
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
As of November 2008, there is only one person on death row facing capital punishment who has not been convicted of murder. Demarcus Sears remains under a death sentence in Georgia for the crime of "kidnapping with bodily injury." Sears was convicted in 1986 for the kidnapping and bodily injury of victim Gloria Ann Wilbur. Wilbur was kidnapped and beaten in Georgia, raped in Tennessee, and murdered in Kentucky. Sears was never charged with the murder of Wilbur in Kentucky, but was sentenced to death by a jury in Georgia for "kidnapping with bodily injury."
|
In what year was Demarcus Sears freed of kidnapping?
|
In what year was Demarcus Sears freed of kidnapping?
|
[
" In what year was Demarcus Sears freed of kidnapping?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109870
|
5ad3f56b604f3c001a3ff989
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
As of November 2008, there is only one person on death row facing capital punishment who has not been convicted of murder. Demarcus Sears remains under a death sentence in Georgia for the crime of "kidnapping with bodily injury." Sears was convicted in 1986 for the kidnapping and bodily injury of victim Gloria Ann Wilbur. Wilbur was kidnapped and beaten in Georgia, raped in Tennessee, and murdered in Kentucky. Sears was never charged with the murder of Wilbur in Kentucky, but was sentenced to death by a jury in Georgia for "kidnapping with bodily injury."
|
A jury in what state sentenced Demarcus Sears to freedom?
|
A jury in what state sentenced Demarcus Sears to freedom?
|
[
"A jury in what state sentenced Demarcus Sears to freedom?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109871
|
570ff9cda58dae1900cd679c
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
At times when a death sentence is affirmed on direct review, it is considered final. Yet, supplemental methods to attack the judgment, though less familiar than a typical appeal, do remain. These supplemental remedies are considered collateral review, that is, an avenue for upsetting judgments that have become otherwise final. Where the prisoner received his death sentence in a state-level trial, as is usually the case, the first step in collateral review is state collateral review. (If the case is a federal death penalty case, it proceeds immediately from direct review to federal habeas corpus.) Although all states have some type of collateral review, the process varies widely from state to state. Generally, the purpose of these collateral proceedings is to permit the prisoner to challenge his sentence on grounds that could not have been raised reasonably at trial or on direct review. Most often these are claims, such as ineffective assistance of counsel, which requires the court to consider new evidence outside the original trial record, something courts may not do in an ordinary appeal. State collateral review, though an important step in that it helps define the scope of subsequent review through federal habeas corpus, is rarely successful in and of itself. Only around 6 percent of death sentences are overturned on state collateral review. In 2010, the death sentences of 53 inmates were overturned as a result of legal appeals or high court reversals.
|
When a prisoner is given a death sentence in a state, what is the first step of collateral review?
|
When a prisoner is given a death sentence in a state, what is the first step of collateral review?
|
[
"When a prisoner is given a death sentence in a state, what is the first step of collateral review?"
] |
{
"text": [
"state collateral review"
],
"answer_start": [
463
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109872
|
570ff9cda58dae1900cd679d
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
At times when a death sentence is affirmed on direct review, it is considered final. Yet, supplemental methods to attack the judgment, though less familiar than a typical appeal, do remain. These supplemental remedies are considered collateral review, that is, an avenue for upsetting judgments that have become otherwise final. Where the prisoner received his death sentence in a state-level trial, as is usually the case, the first step in collateral review is state collateral review. (If the case is a federal death penalty case, it proceeds immediately from direct review to federal habeas corpus.) Although all states have some type of collateral review, the process varies widely from state to state. Generally, the purpose of these collateral proceedings is to permit the prisoner to challenge his sentence on grounds that could not have been raised reasonably at trial or on direct review. Most often these are claims, such as ineffective assistance of counsel, which requires the court to consider new evidence outside the original trial record, something courts may not do in an ordinary appeal. State collateral review, though an important step in that it helps define the scope of subsequent review through federal habeas corpus, is rarely successful in and of itself. Only around 6 percent of death sentences are overturned on state collateral review. In 2010, the death sentences of 53 inmates were overturned as a result of legal appeals or high court reversals.
|
About what percentage of capital convictions are overturned due to state collateral review?
|
About what percentage of capital convictions are overturned due to state collateral review?
|
[
"About what percentage of capital convictions are overturned due to state collateral review?"
] |
{
"text": [
"6"
],
"answer_start": [
1294
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109873
|
570ff9cda58dae1900cd679e
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
At times when a death sentence is affirmed on direct review, it is considered final. Yet, supplemental methods to attack the judgment, though less familiar than a typical appeal, do remain. These supplemental remedies are considered collateral review, that is, an avenue for upsetting judgments that have become otherwise final. Where the prisoner received his death sentence in a state-level trial, as is usually the case, the first step in collateral review is state collateral review. (If the case is a federal death penalty case, it proceeds immediately from direct review to federal habeas corpus.) Although all states have some type of collateral review, the process varies widely from state to state. Generally, the purpose of these collateral proceedings is to permit the prisoner to challenge his sentence on grounds that could not have been raised reasonably at trial or on direct review. Most often these are claims, such as ineffective assistance of counsel, which requires the court to consider new evidence outside the original trial record, something courts may not do in an ordinary appeal. State collateral review, though an important step in that it helps define the scope of subsequent review through federal habeas corpus, is rarely successful in and of itself. Only around 6 percent of death sentences are overturned on state collateral review. In 2010, the death sentences of 53 inmates were overturned as a result of legal appeals or high court reversals.
|
In 2010, how many death sentences were overturned due to reversals from courts or appeals?
|
In 2010, how many death sentences were overturned due to reversals from courts or appeals?
|
[
"In 2010, how many death sentences were overturned due to reversals from courts or appeals?"
] |
{
"text": [
"53"
],
"answer_start": [
1398
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109874
|
570ff9cda58dae1900cd679f
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
At times when a death sentence is affirmed on direct review, it is considered final. Yet, supplemental methods to attack the judgment, though less familiar than a typical appeal, do remain. These supplemental remedies are considered collateral review, that is, an avenue for upsetting judgments that have become otherwise final. Where the prisoner received his death sentence in a state-level trial, as is usually the case, the first step in collateral review is state collateral review. (If the case is a federal death penalty case, it proceeds immediately from direct review to federal habeas corpus.) Although all states have some type of collateral review, the process varies widely from state to state. Generally, the purpose of these collateral proceedings is to permit the prisoner to challenge his sentence on grounds that could not have been raised reasonably at trial or on direct review. Most often these are claims, such as ineffective assistance of counsel, which requires the court to consider new evidence outside the original trial record, something courts may not do in an ordinary appeal. State collateral review, though an important step in that it helps define the scope of subsequent review through federal habeas corpus, is rarely successful in and of itself. Only around 6 percent of death sentences are overturned on state collateral review. In 2010, the death sentences of 53 inmates were overturned as a result of legal appeals or high court reversals.
|
What is an example of an issue that is raised in collateral review?
|
What is an example of an issue that is raised in collateral review?
|
[
"What is an example of an issue that is raised in collateral review?"
] |
{
"text": [
"ineffective assistance of counsel"
],
"answer_start": [
936
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109875
|
5ad3f6d9604f3c001a3ffa01
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
At times when a death sentence is affirmed on direct review, it is considered final. Yet, supplemental methods to attack the judgment, though less familiar than a typical appeal, do remain. These supplemental remedies are considered collateral review, that is, an avenue for upsetting judgments that have become otherwise final. Where the prisoner received his death sentence in a state-level trial, as is usually the case, the first step in collateral review is state collateral review. (If the case is a federal death penalty case, it proceeds immediately from direct review to federal habeas corpus.) Although all states have some type of collateral review, the process varies widely from state to state. Generally, the purpose of these collateral proceedings is to permit the prisoner to challenge his sentence on grounds that could not have been raised reasonably at trial or on direct review. Most often these are claims, such as ineffective assistance of counsel, which requires the court to consider new evidence outside the original trial record, something courts may not do in an ordinary appeal. State collateral review, though an important step in that it helps define the scope of subsequent review through federal habeas corpus, is rarely successful in and of itself. Only around 6 percent of death sentences are overturned on state collateral review. In 2010, the death sentences of 53 inmates were overturned as a result of legal appeals or high court reversals.
|
When a prisoner is given a death sentence in a state, what is the last step of collateral review?
|
When a prisoner is given a death sentence in a state, what is the last step of collateral review?
|
[
"When a prisoner is given a death sentence in a state, what is the last step of collateral review?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109876
|
5ad3f6d9604f3c001a3ffa02
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
At times when a death sentence is affirmed on direct review, it is considered final. Yet, supplemental methods to attack the judgment, though less familiar than a typical appeal, do remain. These supplemental remedies are considered collateral review, that is, an avenue for upsetting judgments that have become otherwise final. Where the prisoner received his death sentence in a state-level trial, as is usually the case, the first step in collateral review is state collateral review. (If the case is a federal death penalty case, it proceeds immediately from direct review to federal habeas corpus.) Although all states have some type of collateral review, the process varies widely from state to state. Generally, the purpose of these collateral proceedings is to permit the prisoner to challenge his sentence on grounds that could not have been raised reasonably at trial or on direct review. Most often these are claims, such as ineffective assistance of counsel, which requires the court to consider new evidence outside the original trial record, something courts may not do in an ordinary appeal. State collateral review, though an important step in that it helps define the scope of subsequent review through federal habeas corpus, is rarely successful in and of itself. Only around 6 percent of death sentences are overturned on state collateral review. In 2010, the death sentences of 53 inmates were overturned as a result of legal appeals or high court reversals.
|
About what percentage of capital convictions are never overturned due to state collateral review?
|
About what percentage of capital convictions are never overturned due to state collateral review?
|
[
"About what percentage of capital convictions are never overturned due to state collateral review?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109877
|
5ad3f6d9604f3c001a3ffa03
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
At times when a death sentence is affirmed on direct review, it is considered final. Yet, supplemental methods to attack the judgment, though less familiar than a typical appeal, do remain. These supplemental remedies are considered collateral review, that is, an avenue for upsetting judgments that have become otherwise final. Where the prisoner received his death sentence in a state-level trial, as is usually the case, the first step in collateral review is state collateral review. (If the case is a federal death penalty case, it proceeds immediately from direct review to federal habeas corpus.) Although all states have some type of collateral review, the process varies widely from state to state. Generally, the purpose of these collateral proceedings is to permit the prisoner to challenge his sentence on grounds that could not have been raised reasonably at trial or on direct review. Most often these are claims, such as ineffective assistance of counsel, which requires the court to consider new evidence outside the original trial record, something courts may not do in an ordinary appeal. State collateral review, though an important step in that it helps define the scope of subsequent review through federal habeas corpus, is rarely successful in and of itself. Only around 6 percent of death sentences are overturned on state collateral review. In 2010, the death sentences of 53 inmates were overturned as a result of legal appeals or high court reversals.
|
In 2010, how many death sentences were never overturned due to reversals from courts or appeals?
|
In 2010, how many death sentences were never overturned due to reversals from courts or appeals?
|
[
" In 2010, how many death sentences were never overturned due to reversals from courts or appeals?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109878
|
5ad3f6d9604f3c001a3ffa04
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
At times when a death sentence is affirmed on direct review, it is considered final. Yet, supplemental methods to attack the judgment, though less familiar than a typical appeal, do remain. These supplemental remedies are considered collateral review, that is, an avenue for upsetting judgments that have become otherwise final. Where the prisoner received his death sentence in a state-level trial, as is usually the case, the first step in collateral review is state collateral review. (If the case is a federal death penalty case, it proceeds immediately from direct review to federal habeas corpus.) Although all states have some type of collateral review, the process varies widely from state to state. Generally, the purpose of these collateral proceedings is to permit the prisoner to challenge his sentence on grounds that could not have been raised reasonably at trial or on direct review. Most often these are claims, such as ineffective assistance of counsel, which requires the court to consider new evidence outside the original trial record, something courts may not do in an ordinary appeal. State collateral review, though an important step in that it helps define the scope of subsequent review through federal habeas corpus, is rarely successful in and of itself. Only around 6 percent of death sentences are overturned on state collateral review. In 2010, the death sentences of 53 inmates were overturned as a result of legal appeals or high court reversals.
|
What is an example of an issue that isn't raised in collateral review?
|
What is an example of an issue that isn't raised in collateral review?
|
[
"What is an example of an issue that isn't raised in collateral review?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109879
|
570ffb75b654c5140001f711
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Traditionally, Section 1983 was of limited use for a state prisoner under sentence of death because the Supreme Court has held that habeas corpus, not Section 1983, is the only vehicle by which a state prisoner can challenge his judgment of death. In the 2006 Hill v. McDonough case, however, the United States Supreme Court approved the use of Section 1983 as a vehicle for challenging a state's method of execution as cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth Amendment. The theory is that a prisoner bringing such a challenge is not attacking directly his judgment of death, but rather the means by which that the judgment will be carried out. Therefore, the Supreme Court held in the Hill case that a prisoner can use Section 1983 rather than habeas corpus to bring the lawsuit. Yet, as Clarence Hill's own case shows, lower federal courts have often refused to hear suits challenging methods of execution on the ground that the prisoner brought the claim too late and only for the purposes of delay. Further, the Court's decision in Baze v. Rees, upholding a lethal injection method used by many states, has drastically narrowed the opportunity for relief through Section 1983.
|
In what case did the Supreme Court allow Section 1983 to be used to challenge a method of execution?
|
In what case did the Supreme Court allow Section 1983 to be used to challenge a method of execution?
|
[
"In what case did the Supreme Court allow Section 1983 to be used to challenge a method of execution?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Hill v. McDonough"
],
"answer_start": [
260
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109880
|
570ffb75b654c5140001f712
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Traditionally, Section 1983 was of limited use for a state prisoner under sentence of death because the Supreme Court has held that habeas corpus, not Section 1983, is the only vehicle by which a state prisoner can challenge his judgment of death. In the 2006 Hill v. McDonough case, however, the United States Supreme Court approved the use of Section 1983 as a vehicle for challenging a state's method of execution as cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth Amendment. The theory is that a prisoner bringing such a challenge is not attacking directly his judgment of death, but rather the means by which that the judgment will be carried out. Therefore, the Supreme Court held in the Hill case that a prisoner can use Section 1983 rather than habeas corpus to bring the lawsuit. Yet, as Clarence Hill's own case shows, lower federal courts have often refused to hear suits challenging methods of execution on the ground that the prisoner brought the claim too late and only for the purposes of delay. Further, the Court's decision in Baze v. Rees, upholding a lethal injection method used by many states, has drastically narrowed the opportunity for relief through Section 1983.
|
In what year was Hill v. McDonough decided?
|
In what year was Hill v. McDonough decided?
|
[
"In what year was Hill v. McDonough decided?"
] |
{
"text": [
"2006"
],
"answer_start": [
255
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109881
|
570ffb75b654c5140001f713
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Traditionally, Section 1983 was of limited use for a state prisoner under sentence of death because the Supreme Court has held that habeas corpus, not Section 1983, is the only vehicle by which a state prisoner can challenge his judgment of death. In the 2006 Hill v. McDonough case, however, the United States Supreme Court approved the use of Section 1983 as a vehicle for challenging a state's method of execution as cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth Amendment. The theory is that a prisoner bringing such a challenge is not attacking directly his judgment of death, but rather the means by which that the judgment will be carried out. Therefore, the Supreme Court held in the Hill case that a prisoner can use Section 1983 rather than habeas corpus to bring the lawsuit. Yet, as Clarence Hill's own case shows, lower federal courts have often refused to hear suits challenging methods of execution on the ground that the prisoner brought the claim too late and only for the purposes of delay. Further, the Court's decision in Baze v. Rees, upholding a lethal injection method used by many states, has drastically narrowed the opportunity for relief through Section 1983.
|
What amendment of the Constitution does cruel and unusual punishment violate?
|
What amendment of the Constitution does cruel and unusual punishment violate?
|
[
"What amendment of the Constitution does cruel and unusual punishment violate?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Eighth"
],
"answer_start": [
469
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109882
|
570ffb75b654c5140001f714
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Traditionally, Section 1983 was of limited use for a state prisoner under sentence of death because the Supreme Court has held that habeas corpus, not Section 1983, is the only vehicle by which a state prisoner can challenge his judgment of death. In the 2006 Hill v. McDonough case, however, the United States Supreme Court approved the use of Section 1983 as a vehicle for challenging a state's method of execution as cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth Amendment. The theory is that a prisoner bringing such a challenge is not attacking directly his judgment of death, but rather the means by which that the judgment will be carried out. Therefore, the Supreme Court held in the Hill case that a prisoner can use Section 1983 rather than habeas corpus to bring the lawsuit. Yet, as Clarence Hill's own case shows, lower federal courts have often refused to hear suits challenging methods of execution on the ground that the prisoner brought the claim too late and only for the purposes of delay. Further, the Court's decision in Baze v. Rees, upholding a lethal injection method used by many states, has drastically narrowed the opportunity for relief through Section 1983.
|
What case notably upheld the use of a method of lethal injection?
|
What case notably upheld the use of a method of lethal injection?
|
[
"What case notably upheld the use of a method of lethal injection?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Baze v. Rees"
],
"answer_start": [
1052
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109883
|
570ffb75b654c5140001f715
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Traditionally, Section 1983 was of limited use for a state prisoner under sentence of death because the Supreme Court has held that habeas corpus, not Section 1983, is the only vehicle by which a state prisoner can challenge his judgment of death. In the 2006 Hill v. McDonough case, however, the United States Supreme Court approved the use of Section 1983 as a vehicle for challenging a state's method of execution as cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth Amendment. The theory is that a prisoner bringing such a challenge is not attacking directly his judgment of death, but rather the means by which that the judgment will be carried out. Therefore, the Supreme Court held in the Hill case that a prisoner can use Section 1983 rather than habeas corpus to bring the lawsuit. Yet, as Clarence Hill's own case shows, lower federal courts have often refused to hear suits challenging methods of execution on the ground that the prisoner brought the claim too late and only for the purposes of delay. Further, the Court's decision in Baze v. Rees, upholding a lethal injection method used by many states, has drastically narrowed the opportunity for relief through Section 1983.
|
Along with Section 1983, through what means can a convict on death row challenge his execution?
|
Along with Section 1983, through what means can a convict on death row challenge his execution?
|
[
"Along with Section 1983, through what means can a convict on death row challenge his execution?"
] |
{
"text": [
"habeas corpus"
],
"answer_start": [
132
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109884
|
5ad3f86a604f3c001a3ffa67
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Traditionally, Section 1983 was of limited use for a state prisoner under sentence of death because the Supreme Court has held that habeas corpus, not Section 1983, is the only vehicle by which a state prisoner can challenge his judgment of death. In the 2006 Hill v. McDonough case, however, the United States Supreme Court approved the use of Section 1983 as a vehicle for challenging a state's method of execution as cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth Amendment. The theory is that a prisoner bringing such a challenge is not attacking directly his judgment of death, but rather the means by which that the judgment will be carried out. Therefore, the Supreme Court held in the Hill case that a prisoner can use Section 1983 rather than habeas corpus to bring the lawsuit. Yet, as Clarence Hill's own case shows, lower federal courts have often refused to hear suits challenging methods of execution on the ground that the prisoner brought the claim too late and only for the purposes of delay. Further, the Court's decision in Baze v. Rees, upholding a lethal injection method used by many states, has drastically narrowed the opportunity for relief through Section 1983.
|
n what case did the Supreme Court allow Section 1989 to be used to challenge a method of execution?
|
n what case did the Supreme Court allow Section 1989 to be used to challenge a method of execution?
|
[
"n what case did the Supreme Court allow Section 1989 to be used to challenge a method of execution?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109885
|
5ad3f86a604f3c001a3ffa68
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Traditionally, Section 1983 was of limited use for a state prisoner under sentence of death because the Supreme Court has held that habeas corpus, not Section 1983, is the only vehicle by which a state prisoner can challenge his judgment of death. In the 2006 Hill v. McDonough case, however, the United States Supreme Court approved the use of Section 1983 as a vehicle for challenging a state's method of execution as cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth Amendment. The theory is that a prisoner bringing such a challenge is not attacking directly his judgment of death, but rather the means by which that the judgment will be carried out. Therefore, the Supreme Court held in the Hill case that a prisoner can use Section 1983 rather than habeas corpus to bring the lawsuit. Yet, as Clarence Hill's own case shows, lower federal courts have often refused to hear suits challenging methods of execution on the ground that the prisoner brought the claim too late and only for the purposes of delay. Further, the Court's decision in Baze v. Rees, upholding a lethal injection method used by many states, has drastically narrowed the opportunity for relief through Section 1983.
|
In what year was Hill v. McDonough rejected?
|
In what year was Hill v. McDonough rejected?
|
[
" In what year was Hill v. McDonough rejected?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109886
|
5ad3f86a604f3c001a3ffa69
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Traditionally, Section 1983 was of limited use for a state prisoner under sentence of death because the Supreme Court has held that habeas corpus, not Section 1983, is the only vehicle by which a state prisoner can challenge his judgment of death. In the 2006 Hill v. McDonough case, however, the United States Supreme Court approved the use of Section 1983 as a vehicle for challenging a state's method of execution as cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth Amendment. The theory is that a prisoner bringing such a challenge is not attacking directly his judgment of death, but rather the means by which that the judgment will be carried out. Therefore, the Supreme Court held in the Hill case that a prisoner can use Section 1983 rather than habeas corpus to bring the lawsuit. Yet, as Clarence Hill's own case shows, lower federal courts have often refused to hear suits challenging methods of execution on the ground that the prisoner brought the claim too late and only for the purposes of delay. Further, the Court's decision in Baze v. Rees, upholding a lethal injection method used by many states, has drastically narrowed the opportunity for relief through Section 1983.
|
What amendment of the Constitution doesn't cruel and unusual punishment violate?
|
What amendment of the Constitution doesn't cruel and unusual punishment violate?
|
[
"What amendment of the Constitution doesn't cruel and unusual punishment violate?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109887
|
5ad3f86a604f3c001a3ffa6a
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Traditionally, Section 1983 was of limited use for a state prisoner under sentence of death because the Supreme Court has held that habeas corpus, not Section 1983, is the only vehicle by which a state prisoner can challenge his judgment of death. In the 2006 Hill v. McDonough case, however, the United States Supreme Court approved the use of Section 1983 as a vehicle for challenging a state's method of execution as cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth Amendment. The theory is that a prisoner bringing such a challenge is not attacking directly his judgment of death, but rather the means by which that the judgment will be carried out. Therefore, the Supreme Court held in the Hill case that a prisoner can use Section 1983 rather than habeas corpus to bring the lawsuit. Yet, as Clarence Hill's own case shows, lower federal courts have often refused to hear suits challenging methods of execution on the ground that the prisoner brought the claim too late and only for the purposes of delay. Further, the Court's decision in Baze v. Rees, upholding a lethal injection method used by many states, has drastically narrowed the opportunity for relief through Section 1983.
|
What case notably did not uphold the use of a method of lethal injection?
|
What case notably did not uphold the use of a method of lethal injection?
|
[
" What case notably did not uphold the use of a method of lethal injection?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109888
|
5ad3f86a604f3c001a3ffa6b
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
Traditionally, Section 1983 was of limited use for a state prisoner under sentence of death because the Supreme Court has held that habeas corpus, not Section 1983, is the only vehicle by which a state prisoner can challenge his judgment of death. In the 2006 Hill v. McDonough case, however, the United States Supreme Court approved the use of Section 1983 as a vehicle for challenging a state's method of execution as cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth Amendment. The theory is that a prisoner bringing such a challenge is not attacking directly his judgment of death, but rather the means by which that the judgment will be carried out. Therefore, the Supreme Court held in the Hill case that a prisoner can use Section 1983 rather than habeas corpus to bring the lawsuit. Yet, as Clarence Hill's own case shows, lower federal courts have often refused to hear suits challenging methods of execution on the ground that the prisoner brought the claim too late and only for the purposes of delay. Further, the Court's decision in Baze v. Rees, upholding a lethal injection method used by many states, has drastically narrowed the opportunity for relief through Section 1983.
|
Along with Section 1983, through what means can a convict on death row submit to his execution?
|
Along with Section 1983, through what means can a convict on death row submit to his execution?
|
[
"Along with Section 1983, through what means can a convict on death row submit to his execution?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109889
|
57100090b654c5140001f72b
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
The largest single execution in United States history was the hanging of 38 American Indians convicted of murder and rape during the Dakota War of 1862. They were executed simultaneously on December 26, 1862, in Mankato, Minnesota. A single blow from an axe cut the rope that held the large four-sided platform, and the prisoners (except for one whose rope had broken and who had to be re-hanged) fell to their deaths. The second-largest mass execution was also a hanging: the execution of 13 African-American soldiers for taking part in the Houston Riot of 1917. The largest non-military mass execution occurred in one of the original thirteen colonies in 1723, when 26 convicted pirates were hanged in Newport, Rhode Island by order of the Admiralty Court.
|
How many people were killed in the largest mass execution in US history?
|
How many people were killed in the largest mass execution in US history?
|
[
"How many people were killed in the largest mass execution in US history?"
] |
{
"text": [
"38"
],
"answer_start": [
73
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109890
|
57100090b654c5140001f72c
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
The largest single execution in United States history was the hanging of 38 American Indians convicted of murder and rape during the Dakota War of 1862. They were executed simultaneously on December 26, 1862, in Mankato, Minnesota. A single blow from an axe cut the rope that held the large four-sided platform, and the prisoners (except for one whose rope had broken and who had to be re-hanged) fell to their deaths. The second-largest mass execution was also a hanging: the execution of 13 African-American soldiers for taking part in the Houston Riot of 1917. The largest non-military mass execution occurred in one of the original thirteen colonies in 1723, when 26 convicted pirates were hanged in Newport, Rhode Island by order of the Admiralty Court.
|
On what date did the largest mass execution in American history take place?
|
On what date did the largest mass execution in American history take place?
|
[
"On what date did the largest mass execution in American history take place?"
] |
{
"text": [
"December 26, 1862"
],
"answer_start": [
190
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109891
|
57100090b654c5140001f72d
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
The largest single execution in United States history was the hanging of 38 American Indians convicted of murder and rape during the Dakota War of 1862. They were executed simultaneously on December 26, 1862, in Mankato, Minnesota. A single blow from an axe cut the rope that held the large four-sided platform, and the prisoners (except for one whose rope had broken and who had to be re-hanged) fell to their deaths. The second-largest mass execution was also a hanging: the execution of 13 African-American soldiers for taking part in the Houston Riot of 1917. The largest non-military mass execution occurred in one of the original thirteen colonies in 1723, when 26 convicted pirates were hanged in Newport, Rhode Island by order of the Admiralty Court.
|
In what state did the largest American mass execution occur?
|
In what state did the largest American mass execution occur?
|
[
"In what state did the largest American mass execution occur?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Minnesota"
],
"answer_start": [
221
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109892
|
57100090b654c5140001f72e
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
The largest single execution in United States history was the hanging of 38 American Indians convicted of murder and rape during the Dakota War of 1862. They were executed simultaneously on December 26, 1862, in Mankato, Minnesota. A single blow from an axe cut the rope that held the large four-sided platform, and the prisoners (except for one whose rope had broken and who had to be re-hanged) fell to their deaths. The second-largest mass execution was also a hanging: the execution of 13 African-American soldiers for taking part in the Houston Riot of 1917. The largest non-military mass execution occurred in one of the original thirteen colonies in 1723, when 26 convicted pirates were hanged in Newport, Rhode Island by order of the Admiralty Court.
|
What was the ethnicity of the people executed in the second-largest mass execution in US history?
|
What was the ethnicity of the people executed in the second-largest mass execution in US history?
|
[
"What was the ethnicity of the people executed in the second-largest mass execution in US history?"
] |
{
"text": [
"African-American"
],
"answer_start": [
493
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109893
|
57100090b654c5140001f72f
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
The largest single execution in United States history was the hanging of 38 American Indians convicted of murder and rape during the Dakota War of 1862. They were executed simultaneously on December 26, 1862, in Mankato, Minnesota. A single blow from an axe cut the rope that held the large four-sided platform, and the prisoners (except for one whose rope had broken and who had to be re-hanged) fell to their deaths. The second-largest mass execution was also a hanging: the execution of 13 African-American soldiers for taking part in the Houston Riot of 1917. The largest non-military mass execution occurred in one of the original thirteen colonies in 1723, when 26 convicted pirates were hanged in Newport, Rhode Island by order of the Admiralty Court.
|
In what year did the Admiralty Court hang 26 pirates in Newport, Rhode Island?
|
In what year did the Admiralty Court hang 26 pirates in Newport, Rhode Island?
|
[
"In what year did the Admiralty Court hang 26 pirates in Newport, Rhode Island?"
] |
{
"text": [
"1723"
],
"answer_start": [
657
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109894
|
5ad3f046604f3c001a3ff833
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
The largest single execution in United States history was the hanging of 38 American Indians convicted of murder and rape during the Dakota War of 1862. They were executed simultaneously on December 26, 1862, in Mankato, Minnesota. A single blow from an axe cut the rope that held the large four-sided platform, and the prisoners (except for one whose rope had broken and who had to be re-hanged) fell to their deaths. The second-largest mass execution was also a hanging: the execution of 13 African-American soldiers for taking part in the Houston Riot of 1917. The largest non-military mass execution occurred in one of the original thirteen colonies in 1723, when 26 convicted pirates were hanged in Newport, Rhode Island by order of the Admiralty Court.
|
How many people were killed in the smallest mass execution in US history?
|
How many people were killed in the smallest mass execution in US history?
|
[
"How many people were killed in the smallest mass execution in US history?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109895
|
5ad3f046604f3c001a3ff834
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
The largest single execution in United States history was the hanging of 38 American Indians convicted of murder and rape during the Dakota War of 1862. They were executed simultaneously on December 26, 1862, in Mankato, Minnesota. A single blow from an axe cut the rope that held the large four-sided platform, and the prisoners (except for one whose rope had broken and who had to be re-hanged) fell to their deaths. The second-largest mass execution was also a hanging: the execution of 13 African-American soldiers for taking part in the Houston Riot of 1917. The largest non-military mass execution occurred in one of the original thirteen colonies in 1723, when 26 convicted pirates were hanged in Newport, Rhode Island by order of the Admiralty Court.
|
On what date did the smallest mass execution in American history take place?
|
On what date did the smallest mass execution in American history take place?
|
[
"On what date did the smallest mass execution in American history take place?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109896
|
5ad3f046604f3c001a3ff835
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
The largest single execution in United States history was the hanging of 38 American Indians convicted of murder and rape during the Dakota War of 1862. They were executed simultaneously on December 26, 1862, in Mankato, Minnesota. A single blow from an axe cut the rope that held the large four-sided platform, and the prisoners (except for one whose rope had broken and who had to be re-hanged) fell to their deaths. The second-largest mass execution was also a hanging: the execution of 13 African-American soldiers for taking part in the Houston Riot of 1917. The largest non-military mass execution occurred in one of the original thirteen colonies in 1723, when 26 convicted pirates were hanged in Newport, Rhode Island by order of the Admiralty Court.
|
In what state did the smallest American mass execution occur?
|
In what state did the smallest American mass execution occur?
|
[
" In what state did the smallest American mass execution occur?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109897
|
5ad3f046604f3c001a3ff836
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
The largest single execution in United States history was the hanging of 38 American Indians convicted of murder and rape during the Dakota War of 1862. They were executed simultaneously on December 26, 1862, in Mankato, Minnesota. A single blow from an axe cut the rope that held the large four-sided platform, and the prisoners (except for one whose rope had broken and who had to be re-hanged) fell to their deaths. The second-largest mass execution was also a hanging: the execution of 13 African-American soldiers for taking part in the Houston Riot of 1917. The largest non-military mass execution occurred in one of the original thirteen colonies in 1723, when 26 convicted pirates were hanged in Newport, Rhode Island by order of the Admiralty Court.
|
What was the ethnicity of the people executed in the second-smallest mass execution in US history?
|
What was the ethnicity of the people executed in the second-smallest mass execution in US history?
|
[
"What was the ethnicity of the people executed in the second-smallest mass execution in US history?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109898
|
5ad3f046604f3c001a3ff837
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
The largest single execution in United States history was the hanging of 38 American Indians convicted of murder and rape during the Dakota War of 1862. They were executed simultaneously on December 26, 1862, in Mankato, Minnesota. A single blow from an axe cut the rope that held the large four-sided platform, and the prisoners (except for one whose rope had broken and who had to be re-hanged) fell to their deaths. The second-largest mass execution was also a hanging: the execution of 13 African-American soldiers for taking part in the Houston Riot of 1917. The largest non-military mass execution occurred in one of the original thirteen colonies in 1723, when 26 convicted pirates were hanged in Newport, Rhode Island by order of the Admiralty Court.
|
In what year did the Admiralty Court hang 26 pirates in Kansas?
|
In what year did the Admiralty Court hang 26 pirates in Kansas?
|
[
" In what year did the Admiralty Court hang 26 pirates in Kansas?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-109899
|
571001dab654c5140001f735
|
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
|
After a death sentence is affirmed in state collateral review, the prisoner may file for federal habeas corpus, which is a unique type of lawsuit that can be brought in federal courts. Federal habeas corpus is a species of collateral review, and it is the only way that state prisoners may attack a death sentence in federal court (other than petitions for certiorari to the United States Supreme Court after both direct review and state collateral review). The scope of federal habeas corpus is governed by the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996, which restricted significantly its previous scope. The purpose of federal habeas corpus is to ensure that state courts, through the process of direct review and state collateral review, have done at least a reasonable job in protecting the prisoner's federal constitutional rights. Prisoners may also use federal habeas corpus suits to bring forth new evidence that they are innocent of the crime, though to be a valid defense at this late stage in the process, evidence of innocence must be truly compelling.
|
What act restricted the scope of federal habeas corpus?
|
What act restricted the scope of federal habeas corpus?
|
[
"What act restricted the scope of federal habeas corpus?"
] |
{
"text": [
"the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996"
],
"answer_start": [
508
]
}
|
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