gem_id stringlengths 20 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 270 | target stringlengths 1 270 | references list | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-110000 | 5ad3f2f4604f3c001a3ff8d6 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | In a five-to-four decision, the Supreme Court struck down the impositions of the death penalty in each of the consolidated cases as unconstitutional. The five justices in the majority did not produce a common opinion or rationale for their decision, however, and agreed only on a short statement announcing the result. T... | Along with Stewart, what Supreme Court justice was unconcerned about racial disparity in death penalty enforcement? | Along with Stewart, what Supreme Court justice was unconcerned about racial disparity in death penalty enforcement? | [
"Along with Stewart, what Supreme Court justice was unconcerned about racial disparity in death penalty enforcement?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110001 | 5ad3f2f4604f3c001a3ff8d7 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | In a five-to-four decision, the Supreme Court struck down the impositions of the death penalty in each of the consolidated cases as unconstitutional. The five justices in the majority did not produce a common opinion or rationale for their decision, however, and agreed only on a short statement announcing the result. T... | Aside from Stewart, what justice believed that the death penalty could be unconstitutional? | Aside from Stewart, what justice believed that the death penalty could be unconstitutional? | [
"Aside from Stewart, what justice believed that the death penalty could be unconstitutional?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110002 | 57101113a58dae1900cd6858 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | In total, 156 prisoners have been either acquitted, or received pardons or commutations on the basis of possible innocence, between 1973 to 2015. Death penalty opponents often argue that this statistic shows how perilously close states have come to undertaking wrongful executions; proponents point out that the statisti... | Between 1973 and 2015, how amny prisoners were acquitted or received pardons or commutations of their death sentences due to possible innocence? | Between 1973 and 2015, how amny prisoners were acquitted or received pardons or commutations of their death sentences due to possible innocence? | [
"Between 1973 and 2015, how amny prisoners were acquitted or received pardons or commutations of their death sentences due to possible innocence?"
] | {
"text": [
"156"
],
"answer_start": [
10
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110003 | 5ad3fb07604f3c001a3ffb39 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | In total, 156 prisoners have been either acquitted, or received pardons or commutations on the basis of possible innocence, between 1973 to 2015. Death penalty opponents often argue that this statistic shows how perilously close states have come to undertaking wrongful executions; proponents point out that the statisti... | Between 1973 and 2015, how many prisoners were acquitted or received pardons or commutations of their death sentences due to possible guilt? | Between 1973 and 2015, how many prisoners were acquitted or received pardons or commutations of their death sentences due to possible guilt? | [
"Between 1973 and 2015, how many prisoners were acquitted or received pardons or commutations of their death sentences due to possible guilt?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110004 | 5ad3fb07604f3c001a3ffb3a | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | In total, 156 prisoners have been either acquitted, or received pardons or commutations on the basis of possible innocence, between 1973 to 2015. Death penalty opponents often argue that this statistic shows how perilously close states have come to undertaking wrongful executions; proponents point out that the statisti... | What happened in 2016? | What happened in 2016? | [
"What happened in 2016?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110005 | 5ad3fb07604f3c001a3ffb3b | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | In total, 156 prisoners have been either acquitted, or received pardons or commutations on the basis of possible innocence, between 1973 to 2015. Death penalty opponents often argue that this statistic shows how perilously close states have come to undertaking wrongful executions; proponents point out that the statisti... | What happened in 1970? | What happened in 1970? | [
"What happened in 1970?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110006 | 5ad3fb07604f3c001a3ffb3c | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | In total, 156 prisoners have been either acquitted, or received pardons or commutations on the basis of possible innocence, between 1973 to 2015. Death penalty opponents often argue that this statistic shows how perilously close states have come to undertaking wrongful executions; proponents point out that the statisti... | Who supported this statistic? | Who supported this statistic? | [
"Who supported this statistic?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110007 | 57101180b654c5140001f7ad | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The death penalty is sought and applied more often in some jurisdictions, not only between states but within states. A 2004 Cornell University study showed that while 2.5 percent of murderers convicted nationwide were sentenced to the death penalty, in Nevada 6 percent were given the death penalty. Texas gave 2 percent... | What percentage of murderers in the United States are given a death sentence? | What percentage of murderers in the United States are given a death sentence? | [
"What percentage of murderers in the United States are given a death sentence?"
] | {
"text": [
"2.5"
],
"answer_start": [
167
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110008 | 57101180b654c5140001f7ae | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The death penalty is sought and applied more often in some jurisdictions, not only between states but within states. A 2004 Cornell University study showed that while 2.5 percent of murderers convicted nationwide were sentenced to the death penalty, in Nevada 6 percent were given the death penalty. Texas gave 2 percent... | How many murderers in Nevada were given a capital sentence? | How many murderers in Nevada were given a capital sentence? | [
"How many murderers in Nevada were given a capital sentence?"
] | {
"text": [
"6"
],
"answer_start": [
260
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110009 | 57101180b654c5140001f7af | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The death penalty is sought and applied more often in some jurisdictions, not only between states but within states. A 2004 Cornell University study showed that while 2.5 percent of murderers convicted nationwide were sentenced to the death penalty, in Nevada 6 percent were given the death penalty. Texas gave 2 percent... | What state notably executes 40% of those given the death penalty? | What state notably executes 40% of those given the death penalty? | [
"What state notably executes 40% of those given the death penalty?"
] | {
"text": [
"Texas"
],
"answer_start": [
384
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110010 | 57101180b654c5140001f7b0 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The death penalty is sought and applied more often in some jurisdictions, not only between states but within states. A 2004 Cornell University study showed that while 2.5 percent of murderers convicted nationwide were sentenced to the death penalty, in Nevada 6 percent were given the death penalty. Texas gave 2 percent... | What percentage of murderers in California are given the death penalty and subsequently executed? | What percentage of murderers in California are given the death penalty and subsequently executed? | [
"What percentage of murderers in California are given the death penalty and subsequently executed?"
] | {
"text": [
"1"
],
"answer_start": [
530
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110011 | 57101180b654c5140001f7b1 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The death penalty is sought and applied more often in some jurisdictions, not only between states but within states. A 2004 Cornell University study showed that while 2.5 percent of murderers convicted nationwide were sentenced to the death penalty, in Nevada 6 percent were given the death penalty. Texas gave 2 percent... | How much higher is the rate of execution in Texas versus the national average? | How much higher is the rate of execution in Texas versus the national average? | [
"How much higher is the rate of execution in Texas versus the national average?"
] | {
"text": [
"four times"
],
"answer_start": [
456
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110012 | 5ad3fcf2604f3c001a3ffbc1 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The death penalty is sought and applied more often in some jurisdictions, not only between states but within states. A 2004 Cornell University study showed that while 2.5 percent of murderers convicted nationwide were sentenced to the death penalty, in Nevada 6 percent were given the death penalty. Texas gave 2 percent... | What percentage of murderers in the United States aren't given a death sentence? | What percentage of murderers in the United States aren't given a death sentence? | [
"What percentage of murderers in the United States aren't given a death sentence?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110013 | 5ad3fcf2604f3c001a3ffbc2 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The death penalty is sought and applied more often in some jurisdictions, not only between states but within states. A 2004 Cornell University study showed that while 2.5 percent of murderers convicted nationwide were sentenced to the death penalty, in Nevada 6 percent were given the death penalty. Texas gave 2 percent... | How many murderers in Nevada weren't given a capital sentence? | How many murderers in Nevada weren't given a capital sentence? | [
" How many murderers in Nevada weren't given a capital sentence?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110014 | 5ad3fcf2604f3c001a3ffbc3 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The death penalty is sought and applied more often in some jurisdictions, not only between states but within states. A 2004 Cornell University study showed that while 2.5 percent of murderers convicted nationwide were sentenced to the death penalty, in Nevada 6 percent were given the death penalty. Texas gave 2 percent... | What state notably executes 80% of those given the death penalty? | What state notably executes 80% of those given the death penalty? | [
"What state notably executes 80% of those given the death penalty?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110015 | 5ad3fcf2604f3c001a3ffbc4 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The death penalty is sought and applied more often in some jurisdictions, not only between states but within states. A 2004 Cornell University study showed that while 2.5 percent of murderers convicted nationwide were sentenced to the death penalty, in Nevada 6 percent were given the death penalty. Texas gave 2 percent... | What percentage of murderers in California are given the death penalty and subsequently freed? | What percentage of murderers in California are given the death penalty and subsequently freed? | [
"What percentage of murderers in California are given the death penalty and subsequently freed?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110016 | 5ad3fcf2604f3c001a3ffbc5 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The death penalty is sought and applied more often in some jurisdictions, not only between states but within states. A 2004 Cornell University study showed that while 2.5 percent of murderers convicted nationwide were sentenced to the death penalty, in Nevada 6 percent were given the death penalty. Texas gave 2 percent... | How much higher is the rate of execution in Texas versus the international average? | How much higher is the rate of execution in Texas versus the international average? | [
"How much higher is the rate of execution in Texas versus the international average?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110017 | 57101271b654c5140001f7b7 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Congress acted defiantly toward the Supreme Court by passing the Drug Kingpin Act of 1988 and the Federal Death Penalty Act of 1994 that made roughly fifty crimes punishable by death, including crimes that do not always involve the death of someone. Such non-death capital offenses include treason, espionage (spying for... | Under the Drug Kingpin Act of 1988 and Federal Death Penalty Act of 1994, about how many crimes were punishable by death? | Under the Drug Kingpin Act of 1988 and Federal Death Penalty Act of 1994, about how many crimes were punishable by death? | [
"Under the Drug Kingpin Act of 1988 and Federal Death Penalty Act of 1994, about how many crimes were punishable by death?"
] | {
"text": [
"fifty"
],
"answer_start": [
150
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110018 | 57101271b654c5140001f7b8 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Congress acted defiantly toward the Supreme Court by passing the Drug Kingpin Act of 1988 and the Federal Death Penalty Act of 1994 that made roughly fifty crimes punishable by death, including crimes that do not always involve the death of someone. Such non-death capital offenses include treason, espionage (spying for... | What body passed the Drug Kingpin Act of 1988? | What body passed the Drug Kingpin Act of 1988? | [
"What body passed the Drug Kingpin Act of 1988?"
] | {
"text": [
"Congress"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110019 | 57101271b654c5140001f7b9 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Congress acted defiantly toward the Supreme Court by passing the Drug Kingpin Act of 1988 and the Federal Death Penalty Act of 1994 that made roughly fifty crimes punishable by death, including crimes that do not always involve the death of someone. Such non-death capital offenses include treason, espionage (spying for... | What is another term for the act of spying for another country? | What is another term for the act of spying for another country? | [
"What is another term for the act of spying for another country?"
] | {
"text": [
"espionage"
],
"answer_start": [
299
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110020 | 57101271b654c5140001f7ba | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Congress acted defiantly toward the Supreme Court by passing the Drug Kingpin Act of 1988 and the Federal Death Penalty Act of 1994 that made roughly fifty crimes punishable by death, including crimes that do not always involve the death of someone. Such non-death capital offenses include treason, espionage (spying for... | Along with treason and espionage, what non-death offense is still a federal capital crime? | Along with treason and espionage, what non-death offense is still a federal capital crime? | [
"Along with treason and espionage, what non-death offense is still a federal capital crime?"
] | {
"text": [
"high-level drug trafficking"
],
"answer_start": [
343
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110021 | 5ad3f5af604f3c001a3ff9a3 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Congress acted defiantly toward the Supreme Court by passing the Drug Kingpin Act of 1988 and the Federal Death Penalty Act of 1994 that made roughly fifty crimes punishable by death, including crimes that do not always involve the death of someone. Such non-death capital offenses include treason, espionage (spying for... | Under the Drug Kingpin Act of 1998 and Federal Death Penalty Act of 1994, about how many crimes were punishable by death? | Under the Drug Kingpin Act of 1998 and Federal Death Penalty Act of 1994, about how many crimes were punishable by death? | [
"Under the Drug Kingpin Act of 1998 and Federal Death Penalty Act of 1994, about how many crimes were punishable by death?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110022 | 5ad3f5af604f3c001a3ff9a4 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Congress acted defiantly toward the Supreme Court by passing the Drug Kingpin Act of 1988 and the Federal Death Penalty Act of 1994 that made roughly fifty crimes punishable by death, including crimes that do not always involve the death of someone. Such non-death capital offenses include treason, espionage (spying for... | What body failed the Drug Kingpin Act of 1988? | What body failed the Drug Kingpin Act of 1988? | [
"What body failed the Drug Kingpin Act of 1988?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110023 | 5ad3f5af604f3c001a3ff9a5 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Congress acted defiantly toward the Supreme Court by passing the Drug Kingpin Act of 1988 and the Federal Death Penalty Act of 1994 that made roughly fifty crimes punishable by death, including crimes that do not always involve the death of someone. Such non-death capital offenses include treason, espionage (spying for... | What is another term for the act of spying on another country? | What is another term for the act of spying on another country? | [
" What is another term for the act of spying on another country?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110024 | 5ad3f5af604f3c001a3ff9a6 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Congress acted defiantly toward the Supreme Court by passing the Drug Kingpin Act of 1988 and the Federal Death Penalty Act of 1994 that made roughly fifty crimes punishable by death, including crimes that do not always involve the death of someone. Such non-death capital offenses include treason, espionage (spying for... | Along with treason and espionage, what death offense is still a federal capital crime? | Along with treason and espionage, what death offense is still a federal capital crime? | [
"Along with treason and espionage, what death offense is still a federal capital crime?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110025 | 571012cbb654c5140001f7bf | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Executions resumed on January 17, 1977, when Gary Gilmore went before a firing squad in Utah. But the pace was quite slow due to the use of litigation tactics which involved filing repeated writs of habeas corpus, which succeeded for many in delaying their actual execution for many years. Although hundreds of individua... | Who was executed on January 17, 1977? | Who was executed on January 17, 1977? | [
"Who was executed on January 17, 1977?"
] | {
"text": [
"Gary Gilmore"
],
"answer_start": [
45
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110026 | 571012cbb654c5140001f7c0 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Executions resumed on January 17, 1977, when Gary Gilmore went before a firing squad in Utah. But the pace was quite slow due to the use of litigation tactics which involved filing repeated writs of habeas corpus, which succeeded for many in delaying their actual execution for many years. Although hundreds of individua... | By what method was Gary Gilmore executed? | By what method was Gary Gilmore executed? | [
"By what method was Gary Gilmore executed?"
] | {
"text": [
"firing squad"
],
"answer_start": [
72
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110027 | 571012cbb654c5140001f7c2 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Executions resumed on January 17, 1977, when Gary Gilmore went before a firing squad in Utah. But the pace was quite slow due to the use of litigation tactics which involved filing repeated writs of habeas corpus, which succeeded for many in delaying their actual execution for many years. Although hundreds of individua... | Aside from Gary Gilmore, how many people were executed in the United States between January 17, 1977 and 1984? | Aside from Gary Gilmore, how many people were executed in the United States between January 17, 1977 and 1984? | [
"Aside from Gary Gilmore, how many people were executed in the United States between January 17, 1977 and 1984?"
] | {
"text": [
"ten"
],
"answer_start": [
407
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110028 | 571012cbb654c5140001f7c3 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Executions resumed on January 17, 1977, when Gary Gilmore went before a firing squad in Utah. But the pace was quite slow due to the use of litigation tactics which involved filing repeated writs of habeas corpus, which succeeded for many in delaying their actual execution for many years. Although hundreds of individua... | What tactic did inmates on death row use to delay their executions? | What tactic did inmates on death row use to delay their executions? | [
"What tactic did inmates on death row use to delay their executions?"
] | {
"text": [
"filing repeated writs of habeas corpus"
],
"answer_start": [
174
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110029 | 5ad3f442604f3c001a3ff935 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Executions resumed on January 17, 1977, when Gary Gilmore went before a firing squad in Utah. But the pace was quite slow due to the use of litigation tactics which involved filing repeated writs of habeas corpus, which succeeded for many in delaying their actual execution for many years. Although hundreds of individua... | Who was pardoned on January 17, 1977? | Who was pardoned on January 17, 1977? | [
"Who was pardoned on January 17, 1977?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110030 | 5ad3f442604f3c001a3ff936 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Executions resumed on January 17, 1977, when Gary Gilmore went before a firing squad in Utah. But the pace was quite slow due to the use of litigation tactics which involved filing repeated writs of habeas corpus, which succeeded for many in delaying their actual execution for many years. Although hundreds of individua... | By what method was Gary Gilmore let go free? | By what method was Gary Gilmore let go free? | [
" By what method was Gary Gilmore let go free?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110031 | 5ad3f442604f3c001a3ff937 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Executions resumed on January 17, 1977, when Gary Gilmore went before a firing squad in Utah. But the pace was quite slow due to the use of litigation tactics which involved filing repeated writs of habeas corpus, which succeeded for many in delaying their actual execution for many years. Although hundreds of individua... | Aside from Gary Gilmore, how many people were executed in the United States between January 17, 1987 and 1987? | Aside from Gary Gilmore, how many people were executed in the United States between January 17, 1987 and 1987? | [
"Aside from Gary Gilmore, how many people were executed in the United States between January 17, 1987 and 1987?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110032 | 5ad3f442604f3c001a3ff938 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Executions resumed on January 17, 1977, when Gary Gilmore went before a firing squad in Utah. But the pace was quite slow due to the use of litigation tactics which involved filing repeated writs of habeas corpus, which succeeded for many in delaying their actual execution for many years. Although hundreds of individua... | What tactic did inmates on death row use to delay their release? | What tactic did inmates on death row use to delay their release? | [
"What tactic did inmates on death row use to delay their release?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110033 | 57101818a58dae1900cd6880 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | After the September 2011 execution of Troy Davis, believed by many to be innocent, Richard Dieter, the director of the Death Penalty Information Center, said this case was a clear wake-up call to politicians across the United States. He said: "They weren't expecting such passion from people in opposition to the death p... | In what month and year was Troy Davis executed? | In what month and year was Troy Davis executed? | [
"In what month and year was Troy Davis executed?"
] | {
"text": [
"September 2011"
],
"answer_start": [
10
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110034 | 57101818a58dae1900cd6881 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | After the September 2011 execution of Troy Davis, believed by many to be innocent, Richard Dieter, the director of the Death Penalty Information Center, said this case was a clear wake-up call to politicians across the United States. He said: "They weren't expecting such passion from people in opposition to the death p... | Who was the Death Penalty Information Center director? | Who was the Death Penalty Information Center director? | [
"Who was the Death Penalty Information Center director?"
] | {
"text": [
"Richard Dieter"
],
"answer_start": [
83
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110035 | 57101818a58dae1900cd6882 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | After the September 2011 execution of Troy Davis, believed by many to be innocent, Richard Dieter, the director of the Death Penalty Information Center, said this case was a clear wake-up call to politicians across the United States. He said: "They weren't expecting such passion from people in opposition to the death p... | What organization did Brian Evans work for? | What organization did Brian Evans work for? | [
"What organization did Brian Evans work for?"
] | {
"text": [
"Amnesty International"
],
"answer_start": [
515
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110036 | 5ad3fbc1604f3c001a3ffb75 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | After the September 2011 execution of Troy Davis, believed by many to be innocent, Richard Dieter, the director of the Death Penalty Information Center, said this case was a clear wake-up call to politicians across the United States. He said: "They weren't expecting such passion from people in opposition to the death p... | In what month and year was Troy Davis born? | In what month and year was Troy Davis born? | [
"In what month and year was Troy Davis born?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110037 | 5ad3fbc1604f3c001a3ffb76 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | After the September 2011 execution of Troy Davis, believed by many to be innocent, Richard Dieter, the director of the Death Penalty Information Center, said this case was a clear wake-up call to politicians across the United States. He said: "They weren't expecting such passion from people in opposition to the death p... | Who was the Death Penalty Information Center secretary? | Who was the Death Penalty Information Center secretary? | [
" Who was the Death Penalty Information Center secretary?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110038 | 5ad3fbc1604f3c001a3ffb77 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | After the September 2011 execution of Troy Davis, believed by many to be innocent, Richard Dieter, the director of the Death Penalty Information Center, said this case was a clear wake-up call to politicians across the United States. He said: "They weren't expecting such passion from people in opposition to the death p... | What organization did Brian Evans reject working for? | What organization did Brian Evans reject working for? | [
" What organization did Brian Evans reject working for?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110039 | 57101911b654c5140001f7dd | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Various methods have been used in the history of the American colonies and the United States but only five methods are currently used. Historically, burning, crushing, breaking on wheel, and bludgeoning were used for a small number of executions, while hanging was the most common method. The last person burned at the s... | How many execution methods are currently used in the United States? | How many execution methods are currently used in the United States? | [
"How many execution methods are currently used in the United States?"
] | {
"text": [
"five"
],
"answer_start": [
102
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110040 | 57101911b654c5140001f7de | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Various methods have been used in the history of the American colonies and the United States but only five methods are currently used. Historically, burning, crushing, breaking on wheel, and bludgeoning were used for a small number of executions, while hanging was the most common method. The last person burned at the s... | What was the most common historical method of execution in the United States? | What was the most common historical method of execution in the United States? | [
"What was the most common historical method of execution in the United States?"
] | {
"text": [
"hanging"
],
"answer_start": [
253
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110041 | 57101911b654c5140001f7df | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Various methods have been used in the history of the American colonies and the United States but only five methods are currently used. Historically, burning, crushing, breaking on wheel, and bludgeoning were used for a small number of executions, while hanging was the most common method. The last person burned at the s... | In what state did the last burning at the stake take place in the US? | In what state did the last burning at the stake take place in the US? | [
"In what state did the last burning at the stake take place in the US?"
] | {
"text": [
"South Carolina"
],
"answer_start": [
346
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110042 | 57101911b654c5140001f7e0 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Various methods have been used in the history of the American colonies and the United States but only five methods are currently used. Historically, burning, crushing, breaking on wheel, and bludgeoning were used for a small number of executions, while hanging was the most common method. The last person burned at the s... | Who was the last person hanged in chains in the Untied States? | Who was the last person hanged in chains in the Untied States? | [
"Who was the last person hanged in chains in the Untied States?"
] | {
"text": [
"John Marshall"
],
"answer_start": [
437
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110043 | 57101911b654c5140001f7e1 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Various methods have been used in the history of the American colonies and the United States but only five methods are currently used. Historically, burning, crushing, breaking on wheel, and bludgeoning were used for a small number of executions, while hanging was the most common method. The last person burned at the s... | When was execution by beheading ended in Utah? | When was execution by beheading ended in Utah? | [
"When was execution by beheading ended in Utah?"
] | {
"text": [
"1888"
],
"answer_start": [
545
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110044 | 5ad3f90f604f3c001a3ffa9b | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Various methods have been used in the history of the American colonies and the United States but only five methods are currently used. Historically, burning, crushing, breaking on wheel, and bludgeoning were used for a small number of executions, while hanging was the most common method. The last person burned at the s... | How many execution methods are currently outlawed in the United States? | How many execution methods are currently outlawed in the United States? | [
"How many execution methods are currently outlawed in the United States?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110045 | 5ad3f90f604f3c001a3ffa9c | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Various methods have been used in the history of the American colonies and the United States but only five methods are currently used. Historically, burning, crushing, breaking on wheel, and bludgeoning were used for a small number of executions, while hanging was the most common method. The last person burned at the s... | What was the least common historical method of execution in the United States? | What was the least common historical method of execution in the United States? | [
"What was the least common historical method of execution in the United States?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110046 | 5ad3f90f604f3c001a3ffa9d | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Various methods have been used in the history of the American colonies and the United States but only five methods are currently used. Historically, burning, crushing, breaking on wheel, and bludgeoning were used for a small number of executions, while hanging was the most common method. The last person burned at the s... | In what state did the first burning at the stake take place in the US? | In what state did the first burning at the stake take place in the US? | [
" In what state did the first burning at the stake take place in the US?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110047 | 5ad3f90f604f3c001a3ffa9e | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Various methods have been used in the history of the American colonies and the United States but only five methods are currently used. Historically, burning, crushing, breaking on wheel, and bludgeoning were used for a small number of executions, while hanging was the most common method. The last person burned at the s... | Who was the first person hanged in chains in the Untied States? | Who was the first person hanged in chains in the Untied States? | [
" Who was the first person hanged in chains in the Untied States?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110048 | 5ad3f90f604f3c001a3ffa9f | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Various methods have been used in the history of the American colonies and the United States but only five methods are currently used. Historically, burning, crushing, breaking on wheel, and bludgeoning were used for a small number of executions, while hanging was the most common method. The last person burned at the s... | When was execution by beheading started in Utah? | When was execution by beheading started in Utah? | [
" When was execution by beheading started in Utah?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110049 | 57101978b654c5140001f7e7 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | African Americans made up 41 percent of death row inmates while making up only 12.6 percent of the general population. (They have made up 34 percent of those actually executed since 1976.) However, that number is lower than that of prison inmates, which is 47 percent. According to the US Department of Justice, African ... | What percentage of American death row prisoners are African American? | What percentage of American death row prisoners are African American? | [
"What percentage of American death row prisoners are African American?"
] | {
"text": [
"41"
],
"answer_start": [
26
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110050 | 57101978b654c5140001f7e8 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | African Americans made up 41 percent of death row inmates while making up only 12.6 percent of the general population. (They have made up 34 percent of those actually executed since 1976.) However, that number is lower than that of prison inmates, which is 47 percent. According to the US Department of Justice, African ... | What percentage of people executed in the United States since 1976 have been African American? | What percentage of people executed in the United States since 1976 have been African American? | [
"What percentage of people executed in the United States since 1976 have been African American?"
] | {
"text": [
"34"
],
"answer_start": [
138
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110051 | 57101978b654c5140001f7e9 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | African Americans made up 41 percent of death row inmates while making up only 12.6 percent of the general population. (They have made up 34 percent of those actually executed since 1976.) However, that number is lower than that of prison inmates, which is 47 percent. According to the US Department of Justice, African ... | What percentage of American prison inmates are African American? | What percentage of American prison inmates are African American? | [
"What percentage of American prison inmates are African American?"
] | {
"text": [
"47"
],
"answer_start": [
257
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110052 | 57101978b654c5140001f7ea | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | African Americans made up 41 percent of death row inmates while making up only 12.6 percent of the general population. (They have made up 34 percent of those actually executed since 1976.) However, that number is lower than that of prison inmates, which is 47 percent. According to the US Department of Justice, African ... | What percentage of homicides were committed by Asians between 1980 and 2008? | What percentage of homicides were committed by Asians between 1980 and 2008? | [
"What percentage of homicides were committed by Asians between 1980 and 2008?"
] | {
"text": [
"2.2%"
],
"answer_start": [
441
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110053 | 57101978b654c5140001f7eb | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | African Americans made up 41 percent of death row inmates while making up only 12.6 percent of the general population. (They have made up 34 percent of those actually executed since 1976.) However, that number is lower than that of prison inmates, which is 47 percent. According to the US Department of Justice, African ... | What percentage of the American population is Hispanic? | What percentage of the American population is Hispanic? | [
"What percentage of the American population is Hispanic?"
] | {
"text": [
"17.4%"
],
"answer_start": [
840
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110054 | 5ad3fd32604f3c001a3ffbd5 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | African Americans made up 41 percent of death row inmates while making up only 12.6 percent of the general population. (They have made up 34 percent of those actually executed since 1976.) However, that number is lower than that of prison inmates, which is 47 percent. According to the US Department of Justice, African ... | What percentage of American death row prisoners are South American | What percentage of American death row prisoners are South American | [
"What percentage of American death row prisoners are South American"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110055 | 5ad3fd32604f3c001a3ffbd6 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | African Americans made up 41 percent of death row inmates while making up only 12.6 percent of the general population. (They have made up 34 percent of those actually executed since 1976.) However, that number is lower than that of prison inmates, which is 47 percent. According to the US Department of Justice, African ... | What percentage of people executed in the United States since 1976 have been South American? | What percentage of people executed in the United States since 1976 have been South American? | [
"What percentage of people executed in the United States since 1976 have been South American?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110056 | 5ad3fd32604f3c001a3ffbd7 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | African Americans made up 41 percent of death row inmates while making up only 12.6 percent of the general population. (They have made up 34 percent of those actually executed since 1976.) However, that number is lower than that of prison inmates, which is 47 percent. According to the US Department of Justice, African ... | What percentage of American prison inmates are South American? | What percentage of American prison inmates are South American? | [
"What percentage of American prison inmates are South American?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110057 | 5ad3fd32604f3c001a3ffbd8 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | African Americans made up 41 percent of death row inmates while making up only 12.6 percent of the general population. (They have made up 34 percent of those actually executed since 1976.) However, that number is lower than that of prison inmates, which is 47 percent. According to the US Department of Justice, African ... | What percentage of homicides were committed by Canadians between 1980 and 2008? | What percentage of homicides were committed by Canadians between 1980 and 2008? | [
" What percentage of homicides were committed by Canadians between 1980 and 2008?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110058 | 5ad3fd32604f3c001a3ffbd9 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | African Americans made up 41 percent of death row inmates while making up only 12.6 percent of the general population. (They have made up 34 percent of those actually executed since 1976.) However, that number is lower than that of prison inmates, which is 47 percent. According to the US Department of Justice, African ... | What percentage of the Canadian population is Hispanic? | What percentage of the Canadian population is Hispanic? | [
" What percentage of the Canadian population is Hispanic?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110059 | 571019eab654c5140001f7f1 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The legal administration of the death penalty in the United States is complex. Typically, it involves four critical steps: (1) sentencing, (2) direct review, (3) state collateral review, and (4) federal habeas corpus. Recently, a narrow and final fifth level of process – (5) the Section 1983 challenge – has become incr... | In the United States, how many important steps are usually present in the administration of capital punishment? | In the United States, how many important steps are usually present in the administration of capital punishment? | [
"In the United States, how many important steps are usually present in the administration of capital punishment?"
] | {
"text": [
"four"
],
"answer_start": [
102
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110060 | 571019eab654c5140001f7f2 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The legal administration of the death penalty in the United States is complex. Typically, it involves four critical steps: (1) sentencing, (2) direct review, (3) state collateral review, and (4) federal habeas corpus. Recently, a narrow and final fifth level of process – (5) the Section 1983 challenge – has become incr... | Along with the President, what officeholder can issue pardons? | Along with the President, what officeholder can issue pardons? | [
"Along with the President, what officeholder can issue pardons?"
] | {
"text": [
"Governor"
],
"answer_start": [
379
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110061 | 571019eab654c5140001f7f3 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The legal administration of the death penalty in the United States is complex. Typically, it involves four critical steps: (1) sentencing, (2) direct review, (3) state collateral review, and (4) federal habeas corpus. Recently, a narrow and final fifth level of process – (5) the Section 1983 challenge – has become incr... | How many death sentences were issued in the period 1995-1996? | How many death sentences were issued in the period 1995-1996? | [
"How many death sentences were issued in the period 1995-1996?"
] | {
"text": [
"309"
],
"answer_start": [
589
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110062 | 571019eab654c5140001f7f4 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The legal administration of the death penalty in the United States is complex. Typically, it involves four critical steps: (1) sentencing, (2) direct review, (3) state collateral review, and (4) federal habeas corpus. Recently, a narrow and final fifth level of process – (5) the Section 1983 challenge – has become incr... | How many capital sentences were given in 1973? | How many capital sentences were given in 1973? | [
"How many capital sentences were given in 1973?"
] | {
"text": [
"44"
],
"answer_start": [
680
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110063 | 571019eab654c5140001f7f5 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The legal administration of the death penalty in the United States is complex. Typically, it involves four critical steps: (1) sentencing, (2) direct review, (3) state collateral review, and (4) federal habeas corpus. Recently, a narrow and final fifth level of process – (5) the Section 1983 challenge – has become incr... | In what year were there 73 death penalty convictions? | In what year were there 73 death penalty convictions? | [
"In what year were there 73 death penalty convictions?"
] | {
"text": [
"2014"
],
"answer_start": [
644
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110064 | 5ad3f5e0604f3c001a3ff9bb | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The legal administration of the death penalty in the United States is complex. Typically, it involves four critical steps: (1) sentencing, (2) direct review, (3) state collateral review, and (4) federal habeas corpus. Recently, a narrow and final fifth level of process – (5) the Section 1983 challenge – has become incr... | In the United States, how many important steps are never present in the administration of capital punishment? | In the United States, how many important steps are never present in the administration of capital punishment? | [
"In the United States, how many important steps are never present in the administration of capital punishment?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110065 | 5ad3f5e0604f3c001a3ff9bc | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The legal administration of the death penalty in the United States is complex. Typically, it involves four critical steps: (1) sentencing, (2) direct review, (3) state collateral review, and (4) federal habeas corpus. Recently, a narrow and final fifth level of process – (5) the Section 1983 challenge – has become incr... | Along with the President, what officeholder can't issue pardons? | Along with the President, what officeholder can't issue pardons? | [
" Along with the President, what officeholder can't issue pardons?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110066 | 5ad3f5e0604f3c001a3ff9bd | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The legal administration of the death penalty in the United States is complex. Typically, it involves four critical steps: (1) sentencing, (2) direct review, (3) state collateral review, and (4) federal habeas corpus. Recently, a narrow and final fifth level of process – (5) the Section 1983 challenge – has become incr... | How many death sentences were rejected in the period 1995-1996? | How many death sentences were rejected in the period 1995-1996? | [
"How many death sentences were rejected in the period 1995-1996?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110067 | 5ad3f5e0604f3c001a3ff9be | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The legal administration of the death penalty in the United States is complex. Typically, it involves four critical steps: (1) sentencing, (2) direct review, (3) state collateral review, and (4) federal habeas corpus. Recently, a narrow and final fifth level of process – (5) the Section 1983 challenge – has become incr... | How many capital sentences were rejected in 1973? | How many capital sentences were rejected in 1973? | [
"How many capital sentences were rejected in 1973?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110068 | 5ad3f5e0604f3c001a3ff9bf | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The legal administration of the death penalty in the United States is complex. Typically, it involves four critical steps: (1) sentencing, (2) direct review, (3) state collateral review, and (4) federal habeas corpus. Recently, a narrow and final fifth level of process – (5) the Section 1983 challenge – has become incr... | In what year were there 73 death penalty convictions overturned? | In what year were there 73 death penalty convictions overturned? | [
" In what year were there 73 death penalty convictions overturned?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110069 | 571020f7b654c5140001f81d | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | All of the executions which have taken place since the 1936 hanging of Bethea in Owensboro have been conducted within a wall or enclosure. For example, Fred Adams was legally hanged in Kennett, Missouri, on April 2, 1937, within a 10-foot (3 m) wooden stockade. Roscoe "Red" Jackson was hanged within a stockade in Galen... | Where was Bethea hanged? | Where was Bethea hanged? | [
"Where was Bethea hanged?"
] | {
"text": [
"Owensboro"
],
"answer_start": [
81
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110070 | 571020f7b654c5140001f81e | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | All of the executions which have taken place since the 1936 hanging of Bethea in Owensboro have been conducted within a wall or enclosure. For example, Fred Adams was legally hanged in Kennett, Missouri, on April 2, 1937, within a 10-foot (3 m) wooden stockade. Roscoe "Red" Jackson was hanged within a stockade in Galen... | On what date was Fred Adams hanged? | On what date was Fred Adams hanged? | [
"On what date was Fred Adams hanged?"
] | {
"text": [
"April 2, 1937"
],
"answer_start": [
207
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110071 | 571020f7b654c5140001f81f | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | All of the executions which have taken place since the 1936 hanging of Bethea in Owensboro have been conducted within a wall or enclosure. For example, Fred Adams was legally hanged in Kennett, Missouri, on April 2, 1937, within a 10-foot (3 m) wooden stockade. Roscoe "Red" Jackson was hanged within a stockade in Galen... | In what state did the hanging of Adams take place? | In what state did the hanging of Adams take place? | [
"In what state did the hanging of Adams take place?"
] | {
"text": [
"Missouri"
],
"answer_start": [
194
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110072 | 571020f7b654c5140001f820 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | All of the executions which have taken place since the 1936 hanging of Bethea in Owensboro have been conducted within a wall or enclosure. For example, Fred Adams was legally hanged in Kennett, Missouri, on April 2, 1937, within a 10-foot (3 m) wooden stockade. Roscoe "Red" Jackson was hanged within a stockade in Galen... | What was Roscoe Jackson's nickname? | What was Roscoe Jackson's nickname? | [
"What was Roscoe Jackson's nickname?"
] | {
"text": [
"Red"
],
"answer_start": [
270
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110073 | 571020f7b654c5140001f821 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | All of the executions which have taken place since the 1936 hanging of Bethea in Owensboro have been conducted within a wall or enclosure. For example, Fred Adams was legally hanged in Kennett, Missouri, on April 2, 1937, within a 10-foot (3 m) wooden stockade. Roscoe "Red" Jackson was hanged within a stockade in Galen... | How many people witnessed Timothy McVeigh's execution? | How many people witnessed Timothy McVeigh's execution? | [
"How many people witnessed Timothy McVeigh's execution?"
] | {
"text": [
"300"
],
"answer_start": [
786
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110074 | 5ad3fde7604f3c001a3ffc07 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | All of the executions which have taken place since the 1936 hanging of Bethea in Owensboro have been conducted within a wall or enclosure. For example, Fred Adams was legally hanged in Kennett, Missouri, on April 2, 1937, within a 10-foot (3 m) wooden stockade. Roscoe "Red" Jackson was hanged within a stockade in Galen... | Where was Bethea freed? | Where was Bethea freed? | [
"Where was Bethea freed?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110075 | 5ad3fde7604f3c001a3ffc08 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | All of the executions which have taken place since the 1936 hanging of Bethea in Owensboro have been conducted within a wall or enclosure. For example, Fred Adams was legally hanged in Kennett, Missouri, on April 2, 1937, within a 10-foot (3 m) wooden stockade. Roscoe "Red" Jackson was hanged within a stockade in Galen... | On what date was Fred Adams freed? | On what date was Fred Adams freed? | [
" On what date was Fred Adams freed?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110076 | 5ad3fde7604f3c001a3ffc09 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | All of the executions which have taken place since the 1936 hanging of Bethea in Owensboro have been conducted within a wall or enclosure. For example, Fred Adams was legally hanged in Kennett, Missouri, on April 2, 1937, within a 10-foot (3 m) wooden stockade. Roscoe "Red" Jackson was hanged within a stockade in Galen... | In what state did the freedom of Adams take place? | In what state did the freedom of Adams take place? | [
"In what state did the freedom of Adams take place?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110077 | 5ad3fde7604f3c001a3ffc0a | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | All of the executions which have taken place since the 1936 hanging of Bethea in Owensboro have been conducted within a wall or enclosure. For example, Fred Adams was legally hanged in Kennett, Missouri, on April 2, 1937, within a 10-foot (3 m) wooden stockade. Roscoe "Red" Jackson was hanged within a stockade in Galen... | What was Roscoe Jackson's birthdate? | What was Roscoe Jackson's birthdate? | [
" What was Roscoe Jackson's birthdate?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110078 | 5ad3fde7604f3c001a3ffc0b | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | All of the executions which have taken place since the 1936 hanging of Bethea in Owensboro have been conducted within a wall or enclosure. For example, Fred Adams was legally hanged in Kennett, Missouri, on April 2, 1937, within a 10-foot (3 m) wooden stockade. Roscoe "Red" Jackson was hanged within a stockade in Galen... | How many people refused Timothy McVeigh's execution? | How many people refused Timothy McVeigh's execution? | [
" How many people refused Timothy McVeigh's execution?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110079 | 5710218bb654c5140001f827 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | James Liebman, a professor of law at Columbia Law School, stated in 1996 that his study found that when habeas corpus petitions in death penalty cases were traced from conviction to completion of the case that there was "a 40 percent success rate in all capital cases from 1978 to 1995." Similarly, a study by Ronald Tab... | What institution does James Liebman work for? | What institution does James Liebman work for? | [
"What institution does James Liebman work for?"
] | {
"text": [
"Columbia Law School"
],
"answer_start": [
37
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110080 | 5710218bb654c5140001f828 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | James Liebman, a professor of law at Columbia Law School, stated in 1996 that his study found that when habeas corpus petitions in death penalty cases were traced from conviction to completion of the case that there was "a 40 percent success rate in all capital cases from 1978 to 1995." Similarly, a study by Ronald Tab... | What does James Liebman teach? | What does James Liebman teach? | [
"What does James Liebman teach?"
] | {
"text": [
"law"
],
"answer_start": [
30
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110081 | 5710218bb654c5140001f829 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | James Liebman, a professor of law at Columbia Law School, stated in 1996 that his study found that when habeas corpus petitions in death penalty cases were traced from conviction to completion of the case that there was "a 40 percent success rate in all capital cases from 1978 to 1995." Similarly, a study by Ronald Tab... | According to Liebman, about what percentage of death penalty habeas corpus petitions were successful between 1978 and 1995? | According to Liebman, about what percentage of death penalty habeas corpus petitions were successful between 1978 and 1995? | [
"According to Liebman, about what percentage of death penalty habeas corpus petitions were successful between 1978 and 1995?"
] | {
"text": [
"40"
],
"answer_start": [
223
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110082 | 5710218bb654c5140001f82a | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | James Liebman, a professor of law at Columbia Law School, stated in 1996 that his study found that when habeas corpus petitions in death penalty cases were traced from conviction to completion of the case that there was "a 40 percent success rate in all capital cases from 1978 to 1995." Similarly, a study by Ronald Tab... | According to Tabak, what percentage of habeas corpus petitions were granted to death row inmates between 1976 and 1991? | According to Tabak, what percentage of habeas corpus petitions were granted to death row inmates between 1976 and 1991? | [
"According to Tabak, what percentage of habeas corpus petitions were granted to death row inmates between 1976 and 1991?"
] | {
"text": [
"47"
],
"answer_start": [
484
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110083 | 5710218bb654c5140001f82b | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | James Liebman, a professor of law at Columbia Law School, stated in 1996 that his study found that when habeas corpus petitions in death penalty cases were traced from conviction to completion of the case that there was "a 40 percent success rate in all capital cases from 1978 to 1995." Similarly, a study by Ronald Tab... | In what year did Liebman announce his findings? | In what year did Liebman announce his findings? | [
"In what year did Liebman announce his findings?"
] | {
"text": [
"1996"
],
"answer_start": [
68
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110084 | 5ad3f79b604f3c001a3ffa29 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | James Liebman, a professor of law at Columbia Law School, stated in 1996 that his study found that when habeas corpus petitions in death penalty cases were traced from conviction to completion of the case that there was "a 40 percent success rate in all capital cases from 1978 to 1995." Similarly, a study by Ronald Tab... | What institution did James Liebman get fired from? | What institution did James Liebman get fired from? | [
"What institution did James Liebman get fired from?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110085 | 5ad3f79b604f3c001a3ffa2a | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | James Liebman, a professor of law at Columbia Law School, stated in 1996 that his study found that when habeas corpus petitions in death penalty cases were traced from conviction to completion of the case that there was "a 40 percent success rate in all capital cases from 1978 to 1995." Similarly, a study by Ronald Tab... | What does James Liebman reject? | What does James Liebman reject? | [
" What does James Liebman reject?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110086 | 5ad3f79b604f3c001a3ffa2b | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | James Liebman, a professor of law at Columbia Law School, stated in 1996 that his study found that when habeas corpus petitions in death penalty cases were traced from conviction to completion of the case that there was "a 40 percent success rate in all capital cases from 1978 to 1995." Similarly, a study by Ronald Tab... | According to Liebman, about what percentage of death penalty habeas corpus petitions were successful between 1988 and 1999? | According to Liebman, about what percentage of death penalty habeas corpus petitions were successful between 1988 and 1999? | [
"According to Liebman, about what percentage of death penalty habeas corpus petitions were successful between 1988 and 1999?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110087 | 5ad3f79b604f3c001a3ffa2c | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | James Liebman, a professor of law at Columbia Law School, stated in 1996 that his study found that when habeas corpus petitions in death penalty cases were traced from conviction to completion of the case that there was "a 40 percent success rate in all capital cases from 1978 to 1995." Similarly, a study by Ronald Tab... | According to Tabak, what percentage of habeas corpus petitions were granted to death row inmates between 1978 and 1993 | According to Tabak, what percentage of habeas corpus petitions were granted to death row inmates between 1978 and 1993 | [
" According to Tabak, what percentage of habeas corpus petitions were granted to death row inmates between 1978 and 1993"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110088 | 5ad3f79b604f3c001a3ffa2d | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | James Liebman, a professor of law at Columbia Law School, stated in 1996 that his study found that when habeas corpus petitions in death penalty cases were traced from conviction to completion of the case that there was "a 40 percent success rate in all capital cases from 1978 to 1995." Similarly, a study by Ronald Tab... | In what year did Liebman reject his findings? | In what year did Liebman reject his findings? | [
" In what year did Liebman reject his findings?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110089 | 571021d7a58dae1900cd68ce | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The last use of the firing squad between 1608 and the moratorium on judicial executions between 1967 and 1977 was when Utah shot James W. Rodgers on March 30, 1960. The last use of the gallows between 1608 and the moratorium was when Kansas hanged George York on June 22, 1965. The last use of the electric chair between... | Who was executed on March 30, 1960? | Who was executed on March 30, 1960? | [
"Who was executed on March 30, 1960?"
] | {
"text": [
"James W. Rodgers"
],
"answer_start": [
129
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110090 | 571021d7a58dae1900cd68cf | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The last use of the firing squad between 1608 and the moratorium on judicial executions between 1967 and 1977 was when Utah shot James W. Rodgers on March 30, 1960. The last use of the gallows between 1608 and the moratorium was when Kansas hanged George York on June 22, 1965. The last use of the electric chair between... | What method of execution was used on James W. Rodgers? | What method of execution was used on James W. Rodgers? | [
"What method of execution was used on James W. Rodgers?"
] | {
"text": [
"firing squad"
],
"answer_start": [
20
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110091 | 571021d7a58dae1900cd68d0 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The last use of the firing squad between 1608 and the moratorium on judicial executions between 1967 and 1977 was when Utah shot James W. Rodgers on March 30, 1960. The last use of the gallows between 1608 and the moratorium was when Kansas hanged George York on June 22, 1965. The last use of the electric chair between... | In what state was Rodgers executed? | In what state was Rodgers executed? | [
"In what state was Rodgers executed?"
] | {
"text": [
"Utah"
],
"answer_start": [
119
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110092 | 571021d7a58dae1900cd68d1 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The last use of the firing squad between 1608 and the moratorium on judicial executions between 1967 and 1977 was when Utah shot James W. Rodgers on March 30, 1960. The last use of the gallows between 1608 and the moratorium was when Kansas hanged George York on June 22, 1965. The last use of the electric chair between... | On what date was George York executed? | On what date was George York executed? | [
"On what date was George York executed?"
] | {
"text": [
"June 22, 1965"
],
"answer_start": [
263
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110093 | 571021d7a58dae1900cd68d2 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The last use of the firing squad between 1608 and the moratorium on judicial executions between 1967 and 1977 was when Utah shot James W. Rodgers on March 30, 1960. The last use of the gallows between 1608 and the moratorium was when Kansas hanged George York on June 22, 1965. The last use of the electric chair between... | Which state executed James French? | Which state executed James French? | [
"Which state executed James French?"
] | {
"text": [
"Oklahoma"
],
"answer_start": [
391
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110094 | 5ad3f93e604f3c001a3ffaa5 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The last use of the firing squad between 1608 and the moratorium on judicial executions between 1967 and 1977 was when Utah shot James W. Rodgers on March 30, 1960. The last use of the gallows between 1608 and the moratorium was when Kansas hanged George York on June 22, 1965. The last use of the electric chair between... | Who was executed on March 30, 1990? | Who was executed on March 30, 1990? | [
"Who was executed on March 30, 1990?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110095 | 5ad3f93e604f3c001a3ffaa6 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The last use of the firing squad between 1608 and the moratorium on judicial executions between 1967 and 1977 was when Utah shot James W. Rodgers on March 30, 1960. The last use of the gallows between 1608 and the moratorium was when Kansas hanged George York on June 22, 1965. The last use of the electric chair between... | What method of execution was not used on James W. Rodgers? | What method of execution was not used on James W. Rodgers? | [
" What method of execution was not used on James W. Rodgers?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110096 | 5ad3f93e604f3c001a3ffaa7 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The last use of the firing squad between 1608 and the moratorium on judicial executions between 1967 and 1977 was when Utah shot James W. Rodgers on March 30, 1960. The last use of the gallows between 1608 and the moratorium was when Kansas hanged George York on June 22, 1965. The last use of the electric chair between... | In what state was Rodgers born? | In what state was Rodgers born? | [
"In what state was Rodgers born?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110097 | 5ad3f93e604f3c001a3ffaa8 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The last use of the firing squad between 1608 and the moratorium on judicial executions between 1967 and 1977 was when Utah shot James W. Rodgers on March 30, 1960. The last use of the gallows between 1608 and the moratorium was when Kansas hanged George York on June 22, 1965. The last use of the electric chair between... | On what date was George York freed? | On what date was George York freed? | [
" On what date was George York freed?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110098 | 5ad3f93e604f3c001a3ffaa9 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | The last use of the firing squad between 1608 and the moratorium on judicial executions between 1967 and 1977 was when Utah shot James W. Rodgers on March 30, 1960. The last use of the gallows between 1608 and the moratorium was when Kansas hanged George York on June 22, 1965. The last use of the electric chair between... | Which state freed James French? | Which state freed James French? | [
" Which state freed James French?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110099 | 5710224aa58dae1900cd68d8 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Since 1642 (in the 13 colonies, the United States under the Articles of Confederation, and the current United States) an estimated 364 juvenile offenders have been put to death by the states and the federal government. The earliest known execution of a prisoner for crimes committed as a juvenile was Thomas Graunger in ... | About how many American juveniles have been executed since 1642? | About how many American juveniles have been executed since 1642? | [
"About how many American juveniles have been executed since 1642?"
] | {
"text": [
"364"
],
"answer_start": [
131
]
} |
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