gem_id stringlengths 20 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 270 | target stringlengths 1 270 | references list | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-21900 | 570ac2e34103511400d599a2 | Aircraft_carrier | One STOBAR carrier: Liaoning was originally built as the 57,000 tonne Soviet Admiral Kuznetsov-class carrier Varyag and was later purchased as a stripped hulk by China in 1998 on the pretext of use as a floating casino, then partially rebuilt and towed to China for completion. Liaoning was commissioned on 25 September 2012, and began service for testing and training. On 24 or 25 November 2012, Liaoning successfully launched and recovered several Shenyang J-15 jet fighter aircraft. She is classified as a training ship, intended to allow the navy to practice with carrier usage. On 26 December 2012, the People's Daily reported that it will take four to five years for Liaoning to reach full capacity, mainly due to training and coordination which will take significant amount of time for Chinese PLA Navy to complete as this is the first aircraft carrier in their possession. As it is a training ship, Liaoning is not assigned to any of China's operation fleets. | What is the Liaoning intended to help the navy practice with? | What is the Liaoning intended to help the navy practice with? | [
"What is the Liaoning intended to help the navy practice with?"
] | {
"text": [
"carrier usage"
],
"answer_start": [
568
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21901 | 570ac2e34103511400d599a3 | Aircraft_carrier | One STOBAR carrier: Liaoning was originally built as the 57,000 tonne Soviet Admiral Kuznetsov-class carrier Varyag and was later purchased as a stripped hulk by China in 1998 on the pretext of use as a floating casino, then partially rebuilt and towed to China for completion. Liaoning was commissioned on 25 September 2012, and began service for testing and training. On 24 or 25 November 2012, Liaoning successfully launched and recovered several Shenyang J-15 jet fighter aircraft. She is classified as a training ship, intended to allow the navy to practice with carrier usage. On 26 December 2012, the People's Daily reported that it will take four to five years for Liaoning to reach full capacity, mainly due to training and coordination which will take significant amount of time for Chinese PLA Navy to complete as this is the first aircraft carrier in their possession. As it is a training ship, Liaoning is not assigned to any of China's operation fleets. | Why is Liaoning not assigned to any of China's operation fleets? | Why is Liaoning not assigned to any of China's operation fleets? | [
"Why is Liaoning not assigned to any of China's operation fleets?"
] | {
"text": [
"it is a training ship"
],
"answer_start": [
884
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21902 | 570ac2e34103511400d599a4 | Aircraft_carrier | One STOBAR carrier: Liaoning was originally built as the 57,000 tonne Soviet Admiral Kuznetsov-class carrier Varyag and was later purchased as a stripped hulk by China in 1998 on the pretext of use as a floating casino, then partially rebuilt and towed to China for completion. Liaoning was commissioned on 25 September 2012, and began service for testing and training. On 24 or 25 November 2012, Liaoning successfully launched and recovered several Shenyang J-15 jet fighter aircraft. She is classified as a training ship, intended to allow the navy to practice with carrier usage. On 26 December 2012, the People's Daily reported that it will take four to five years for Liaoning to reach full capacity, mainly due to training and coordination which will take significant amount of time for Chinese PLA Navy to complete as this is the first aircraft carrier in their possession. As it is a training ship, Liaoning is not assigned to any of China's operation fleets. | Why did the Chinese PLA Navy need 4-5 years for Liaoning to reach full capacity? | Why did the Chinese PLA Navy need 4-5 years for Liaoning to reach full capacity? | [
"Why did the Chinese PLA Navy need 4-5 years for Liaoning to reach full capacity?"
] | {
"text": [
"this is the first aircraft carrier in their possession"
],
"answer_start": [
825
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21903 | 5acd85f207355d001abf457a | Aircraft_carrier | One STOBAR carrier: Liaoning was originally built as the 57,000 tonne Soviet Admiral Kuznetsov-class carrier Varyag and was later purchased as a stripped hulk by China in 1998 on the pretext of use as a floating casino, then partially rebuilt and towed to China for completion. Liaoning was commissioned on 25 September 2012, and began service for testing and training. On 24 or 25 November 2012, Liaoning successfully launched and recovered several Shenyang J-15 jet fighter aircraft. She is classified as a training ship, intended to allow the navy to practice with carrier usage. On 26 December 2012, the People's Daily reported that it will take four to five years for Liaoning to reach full capacity, mainly due to training and coordination which will take significant amount of time for Chinese PLA Navy to complete as this is the first aircraft carrier in their possession. As it is a training ship, Liaoning is not assigned to any of China's operation fleets. | Why didn't China purchase the STOBAR carrier Liaoning in 1998? | Why didn't China purchase the STOBAR carrier Liaoning in 1998? | [
"Why didn't China purchase the STOBAR carrier Liaoning in 1998?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21904 | 5acd85f207355d001abf457b | Aircraft_carrier | One STOBAR carrier: Liaoning was originally built as the 57,000 tonne Soviet Admiral Kuznetsov-class carrier Varyag and was later purchased as a stripped hulk by China in 1998 on the pretext of use as a floating casino, then partially rebuilt and towed to China for completion. Liaoning was commissioned on 25 September 2012, and began service for testing and training. On 24 or 25 November 2012, Liaoning successfully launched and recovered several Shenyang J-15 jet fighter aircraft. She is classified as a training ship, intended to allow the navy to practice with carrier usage. On 26 December 2012, the People's Daily reported that it will take four to five years for Liaoning to reach full capacity, mainly due to training and coordination which will take significant amount of time for Chinese PLA Navy to complete as this is the first aircraft carrier in their possession. As it is a training ship, Liaoning is not assigned to any of China's operation fleets. | What isn't Liaoning classifed as? | What isn't Liaoning classifed as? | [
"What isn't Liaoning classifed as?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21905 | 5acd85f207355d001abf457c | Aircraft_carrier | One STOBAR carrier: Liaoning was originally built as the 57,000 tonne Soviet Admiral Kuznetsov-class carrier Varyag and was later purchased as a stripped hulk by China in 1998 on the pretext of use as a floating casino, then partially rebuilt and towed to China for completion. Liaoning was commissioned on 25 September 2012, and began service for testing and training. On 24 or 25 November 2012, Liaoning successfully launched and recovered several Shenyang J-15 jet fighter aircraft. She is classified as a training ship, intended to allow the navy to practice with carrier usage. On 26 December 2012, the People's Daily reported that it will take four to five years for Liaoning to reach full capacity, mainly due to training and coordination which will take significant amount of time for Chinese PLA Navy to complete as this is the first aircraft carrier in their possession. As it is a training ship, Liaoning is not assigned to any of China's operation fleets. | What is the Liaoning intended to hinder the navy practice with? | What is the Liaoning intended to hinder the navy practice with? | [
"What is the Liaoning intended to hinder the navy practice with?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21906 | 5acd85f207355d001abf457d | Aircraft_carrier | One STOBAR carrier: Liaoning was originally built as the 57,000 tonne Soviet Admiral Kuznetsov-class carrier Varyag and was later purchased as a stripped hulk by China in 1998 on the pretext of use as a floating casino, then partially rebuilt and towed to China for completion. Liaoning was commissioned on 25 September 2012, and began service for testing and training. On 24 or 25 November 2012, Liaoning successfully launched and recovered several Shenyang J-15 jet fighter aircraft. She is classified as a training ship, intended to allow the navy to practice with carrier usage. On 26 December 2012, the People's Daily reported that it will take four to five years for Liaoning to reach full capacity, mainly due to training and coordination which will take significant amount of time for Chinese PLA Navy to complete as this is the first aircraft carrier in their possession. As it is a training ship, Liaoning is not assigned to any of China's operation fleets. | Why is Liaoning assigned to any of China's operation fleets? | Why is Liaoning assigned to any of China's operation fleets? | [
"Why is Liaoning assigned to any of China's operation fleets?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21907 | 5acd85f207355d001abf457e | Aircraft_carrier | One STOBAR carrier: Liaoning was originally built as the 57,000 tonne Soviet Admiral Kuznetsov-class carrier Varyag and was later purchased as a stripped hulk by China in 1998 on the pretext of use as a floating casino, then partially rebuilt and towed to China for completion. Liaoning was commissioned on 25 September 2012, and began service for testing and training. On 24 or 25 November 2012, Liaoning successfully launched and recovered several Shenyang J-15 jet fighter aircraft. She is classified as a training ship, intended to allow the navy to practice with carrier usage. On 26 December 2012, the People's Daily reported that it will take four to five years for Liaoning to reach full capacity, mainly due to training and coordination which will take significant amount of time for Chinese PLA Navy to complete as this is the first aircraft carrier in their possession. As it is a training ship, Liaoning is not assigned to any of China's operation fleets. | Why did the Chinese PLA Navy need 14-15 years for Liaoning to reach full capacity? | Why did the Chinese PLA Navy need 14-15 years for Liaoning to reach full capacity? | [
"Why did the Chinese PLA Navy need 14-15 years for Liaoning to reach full capacity?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21908 | 570ac3de6d058f19001830d2 | Aircraft_carrier | India started the construction of a 40,000-tonne, 260-metre-long (850 ft) Vikrant-class aircraft carrier in 2009. The new carrier will operate MiG-29K and naval HAL Tejas aircraft along with the Indian-made helicopter HAL Dhruv. The ship will be powered by four gas-turbine engines and will have a range of 8,000 nautical miles (15,000 kilometres), carrying 160 officers, 1,400 sailors, and 30 aircraft. The carrier is being constructed by Cochin Shipyard. The ship was launched in August 2013 and is scheduled for commissioning in 2018. | Who started construction of a 40,000-tonne Vikrant-class carrier in 2009? | Who started construction of a 40,000-tonne Vikrant-class carrier in 2009? | [
"Who started construction of a 40,000-tonne Vikrant-class carrier in 2009?"
] | {
"text": [
"India"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21909 | 570ac3de6d058f19001830d3 | Aircraft_carrier | India started the construction of a 40,000-tonne, 260-metre-long (850 ft) Vikrant-class aircraft carrier in 2009. The new carrier will operate MiG-29K and naval HAL Tejas aircraft along with the Indian-made helicopter HAL Dhruv. The ship will be powered by four gas-turbine engines and will have a range of 8,000 nautical miles (15,000 kilometres), carrying 160 officers, 1,400 sailors, and 30 aircraft. The carrier is being constructed by Cochin Shipyard. The ship was launched in August 2013 and is scheduled for commissioning in 2018. | What will power the Indian-made ship? | What will power the Indian-made ship? | [
"What will power the Indian-made ship?"
] | {
"text": [
"four gas-turbine engines"
],
"answer_start": [
257
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21910 | 570ac3de6d058f19001830d4 | Aircraft_carrier | India started the construction of a 40,000-tonne, 260-metre-long (850 ft) Vikrant-class aircraft carrier in 2009. The new carrier will operate MiG-29K and naval HAL Tejas aircraft along with the Indian-made helicopter HAL Dhruv. The ship will be powered by four gas-turbine engines and will have a range of 8,000 nautical miles (15,000 kilometres), carrying 160 officers, 1,400 sailors, and 30 aircraft. The carrier is being constructed by Cochin Shipyard. The ship was launched in August 2013 and is scheduled for commissioning in 2018. | What will the range of the Indian-made ship be, carrying 160 officers, 1400 sailers, and 30 aircraft? | What will the range of the Indian-made ship be, carrying 160 officers, 1400 sailers, and 30 aircraft? | [
"What will the range of the Indian-made ship be, carrying 160 officers, 1400 sailers, and 30 aircraft?"
] | {
"text": [
"8,000 nautical miles"
],
"answer_start": [
307
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21911 | 570ac3de6d058f19001830d5 | Aircraft_carrier | India started the construction of a 40,000-tonne, 260-metre-long (850 ft) Vikrant-class aircraft carrier in 2009. The new carrier will operate MiG-29K and naval HAL Tejas aircraft along with the Indian-made helicopter HAL Dhruv. The ship will be powered by four gas-turbine engines and will have a range of 8,000 nautical miles (15,000 kilometres), carrying 160 officers, 1,400 sailors, and 30 aircraft. The carrier is being constructed by Cochin Shipyard. The ship was launched in August 2013 and is scheduled for commissioning in 2018. | Who is constructing the Indian-made ship? | Who is constructing the Indian-made ship? | [
"Who is constructing the Indian-made ship?"
] | {
"text": [
"Cochin Shipyard"
],
"answer_start": [
440
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21912 | 570ac3de6d058f19001830d6 | Aircraft_carrier | India started the construction of a 40,000-tonne, 260-metre-long (850 ft) Vikrant-class aircraft carrier in 2009. The new carrier will operate MiG-29K and naval HAL Tejas aircraft along with the Indian-made helicopter HAL Dhruv. The ship will be powered by four gas-turbine engines and will have a range of 8,000 nautical miles (15,000 kilometres), carrying 160 officers, 1,400 sailors, and 30 aircraft. The carrier is being constructed by Cochin Shipyard. The ship was launched in August 2013 and is scheduled for commissioning in 2018. | When was the Indian-made ship launched? | When was the Indian-made ship launched? | [
"When was the Indian-made ship launched?"
] | {
"text": [
"August 2013"
],
"answer_start": [
482
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21913 | 5acd878b07355d001abf45dc | Aircraft_carrier | India started the construction of a 40,000-tonne, 260-metre-long (850 ft) Vikrant-class aircraft carrier in 2009. The new carrier will operate MiG-29K and naval HAL Tejas aircraft along with the Indian-made helicopter HAL Dhruv. The ship will be powered by four gas-turbine engines and will have a range of 8,000 nautical miles (15,000 kilometres), carrying 160 officers, 1,400 sailors, and 30 aircraft. The carrier is being constructed by Cochin Shipyard. The ship was launched in August 2013 and is scheduled for commissioning in 2018. | Who finished construction of a 40,000-tonne Vikrant-class carrier in 2009? | Who finished construction of a 40,000-tonne Vikrant-class carrier in 2009? | [
"Who finished construction of a 40,000-tonne Vikrant-class carrier in 2009?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21914 | 5acd878b07355d001abf45dd | Aircraft_carrier | India started the construction of a 40,000-tonne, 260-metre-long (850 ft) Vikrant-class aircraft carrier in 2009. The new carrier will operate MiG-29K and naval HAL Tejas aircraft along with the Indian-made helicopter HAL Dhruv. The ship will be powered by four gas-turbine engines and will have a range of 8,000 nautical miles (15,000 kilometres), carrying 160 officers, 1,400 sailors, and 30 aircraft. The carrier is being constructed by Cochin Shipyard. The ship was launched in August 2013 and is scheduled for commissioning in 2018. | What will not power the Indian-made ship? | What will not power the Indian-made ship? | [
"What will not power the Indian-made ship?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21915 | 5acd878b07355d001abf45de | Aircraft_carrier | India started the construction of a 40,000-tonne, 260-metre-long (850 ft) Vikrant-class aircraft carrier in 2009. The new carrier will operate MiG-29K and naval HAL Tejas aircraft along with the Indian-made helicopter HAL Dhruv. The ship will be powered by four gas-turbine engines and will have a range of 8,000 nautical miles (15,000 kilometres), carrying 160 officers, 1,400 sailors, and 30 aircraft. The carrier is being constructed by Cochin Shipyard. The ship was launched in August 2013 and is scheduled for commissioning in 2018. | What will the range of the Indian-made ship be, carrying 106 officers, 1400 sailers, and 30 aircraft? | What will the range of the Indian-made ship be, carrying 106 officers, 1400 sailers, and 30 aircraft? | [
"What will the range of the Indian-made ship be, carrying 106 officers, 1400 sailers, and 30 aircraft?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21916 | 5acd878b07355d001abf45df | Aircraft_carrier | India started the construction of a 40,000-tonne, 260-metre-long (850 ft) Vikrant-class aircraft carrier in 2009. The new carrier will operate MiG-29K and naval HAL Tejas aircraft along with the Indian-made helicopter HAL Dhruv. The ship will be powered by four gas-turbine engines and will have a range of 8,000 nautical miles (15,000 kilometres), carrying 160 officers, 1,400 sailors, and 30 aircraft. The carrier is being constructed by Cochin Shipyard. The ship was launched in August 2013 and is scheduled for commissioning in 2018. | Who isn't constructing the Indian-made ship? | Who isn't constructing the Indian-made ship? | [
"Who isn't constructing the Indian-made ship?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21917 | 5acd878b07355d001abf45e0 | Aircraft_carrier | India started the construction of a 40,000-tonne, 260-metre-long (850 ft) Vikrant-class aircraft carrier in 2009. The new carrier will operate MiG-29K and naval HAL Tejas aircraft along with the Indian-made helicopter HAL Dhruv. The ship will be powered by four gas-turbine engines and will have a range of 8,000 nautical miles (15,000 kilometres), carrying 160 officers, 1,400 sailors, and 30 aircraft. The carrier is being constructed by Cochin Shipyard. The ship was launched in August 2013 and is scheduled for commissioning in 2018. | When was the Indian-made ship retired? | When was the Indian-made ship retired? | [
"When was the Indian-made ship retired?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21918 | 570ac50b4103511400d599bc | Aircraft_carrier | Carriers have evolved since their inception in the early twentieth century from wooden vessels used to deploy balloons to nuclear-powered warships that carry dozens of aircraft, including fighter jets and helicopters. As of 3 March 2016, there are thirty-seven active aircraft carriers in the world within twelve navies. The United States Navy has 10 large nuclear-powered carriers (known as supercarriers, carrying up to 90 aircraft each), the largest carriers in the world; the total deckspace is over twice that of all other nations' combined. As well as the supercarrier fleet, the US Navy has nine amphibious assault ships used primarily for helicopters (sometimes called helicopter carriers); these can also carry up to 25 fighter jets, and in some cases, are as large as some other nations' fixed-wing carriers. | What were carriers used for in the early 20th century? | What were carriers used for in the early 20th century? | [
"What were carriers used for in the early 20th century?"
] | {
"text": [
"to deploy balloons"
],
"answer_start": [
100
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21919 | 570ac50b4103511400d599bd | Aircraft_carrier | Carriers have evolved since their inception in the early twentieth century from wooden vessels used to deploy balloons to nuclear-powered warships that carry dozens of aircraft, including fighter jets and helicopters. As of 3 March 2016, there are thirty-seven active aircraft carriers in the world within twelve navies. The United States Navy has 10 large nuclear-powered carriers (known as supercarriers, carrying up to 90 aircraft each), the largest carriers in the world; the total deckspace is over twice that of all other nations' combined. As well as the supercarrier fleet, the US Navy has nine amphibious assault ships used primarily for helicopters (sometimes called helicopter carriers); these can also carry up to 25 fighter jets, and in some cases, are as large as some other nations' fixed-wing carriers. | As of 3/3/2016, how many active aircraft carriers are there worldwide? | As of 3/3/2016, how many active aircraft carriers are there worldwide? | [
"As of 3/3/2016, how many active aircraft carriers are there worldwide?"
] | {
"text": [
"thirty-seven"
],
"answer_start": [
248
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21920 | 570ac50b4103511400d599be | Aircraft_carrier | Carriers have evolved since their inception in the early twentieth century from wooden vessels used to deploy balloons to nuclear-powered warships that carry dozens of aircraft, including fighter jets and helicopters. As of 3 March 2016, there are thirty-seven active aircraft carriers in the world within twelve navies. The United States Navy has 10 large nuclear-powered carriers (known as supercarriers, carrying up to 90 aircraft each), the largest carriers in the world; the total deckspace is over twice that of all other nations' combined. As well as the supercarrier fleet, the US Navy has nine amphibious assault ships used primarily for helicopters (sometimes called helicopter carriers); these can also carry up to 25 fighter jets, and in some cases, are as large as some other nations' fixed-wing carriers. | What is another name for the 10 large nuclear-powered carriers operated by the U.S. Navy? | What is another name for the 10 large nuclear-powered carriers operated by the U.S. Navy? | [
"What is another name for the 10 large nuclear-powered carriers operated by the U.S. Navy?"
] | {
"text": [
"supercarriers"
],
"answer_start": [
392
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21921 | 570ac50b4103511400d599bf | Aircraft_carrier | Carriers have evolved since their inception in the early twentieth century from wooden vessels used to deploy balloons to nuclear-powered warships that carry dozens of aircraft, including fighter jets and helicopters. As of 3 March 2016, there are thirty-seven active aircraft carriers in the world within twelve navies. The United States Navy has 10 large nuclear-powered carriers (known as supercarriers, carrying up to 90 aircraft each), the largest carriers in the world; the total deckspace is over twice that of all other nations' combined. As well as the supercarrier fleet, the US Navy has nine amphibious assault ships used primarily for helicopters (sometimes called helicopter carriers); these can also carry up to 25 fighter jets, and in some cases, are as large as some other nations' fixed-wing carriers. | How many aircraft can supercarriers carry? | How many aircraft can supercarriers carry? | [
"How many aircraft can supercarriers carry?"
] | {
"text": [
"up to 90"
],
"answer_start": [
416
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21922 | 570ac50b4103511400d599c0 | Aircraft_carrier | Carriers have evolved since their inception in the early twentieth century from wooden vessels used to deploy balloons to nuclear-powered warships that carry dozens of aircraft, including fighter jets and helicopters. As of 3 March 2016, there are thirty-seven active aircraft carriers in the world within twelve navies. The United States Navy has 10 large nuclear-powered carriers (known as supercarriers, carrying up to 90 aircraft each), the largest carriers in the world; the total deckspace is over twice that of all other nations' combined. As well as the supercarrier fleet, the US Navy has nine amphibious assault ships used primarily for helicopters (sometimes called helicopter carriers); these can also carry up to 25 fighter jets, and in some cases, are as large as some other nations' fixed-wing carriers. | Who owns the largest carriers in the world? | Who owns the largest carriers in the world? | [
"Who owns the largest carriers in the world?"
] | {
"text": [
"The United States Navy"
],
"answer_start": [
321
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21923 | 5acd614a07355d001abf3ff4 | Aircraft_carrier | Carriers have evolved since their inception in the early twentieth century from wooden vessels used to deploy balloons to nuclear-powered warships that carry dozens of aircraft, including fighter jets and helicopters. As of 3 March 2016, there are thirty-seven active aircraft carriers in the world within twelve navies. The United States Navy has 10 large nuclear-powered carriers (known as supercarriers, carrying up to 90 aircraft each), the largest carriers in the world; the total deckspace is over twice that of all other nations' combined. As well as the supercarrier fleet, the US Navy has nine amphibious assault ships used primarily for helicopters (sometimes called helicopter carriers); these can also carry up to 25 fighter jets, and in some cases, are as large as some other nations' fixed-wing carriers. | What were carriers used for in the early 19th century? | What were carriers used for in the early 19th century? | [
"What were carriers used for in the early 19th century?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21924 | 5acd614a07355d001abf3ff5 | Aircraft_carrier | Carriers have evolved since their inception in the early twentieth century from wooden vessels used to deploy balloons to nuclear-powered warships that carry dozens of aircraft, including fighter jets and helicopters. As of 3 March 2016, there are thirty-seven active aircraft carriers in the world within twelve navies. The United States Navy has 10 large nuclear-powered carriers (known as supercarriers, carrying up to 90 aircraft each), the largest carriers in the world; the total deckspace is over twice that of all other nations' combined. As well as the supercarrier fleet, the US Navy has nine amphibious assault ships used primarily for helicopters (sometimes called helicopter carriers); these can also carry up to 25 fighter jets, and in some cases, are as large as some other nations' fixed-wing carriers. | As of 3/3/2016, how many active aircraft carriers are there in the united states? | As of 3/3/2016, how many active aircraft carriers are there in the united states? | [
"As of 3/3/2016, how many active aircraft carriers are there in the united states?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21925 | 5acd614a07355d001abf3ff6 | Aircraft_carrier | Carriers have evolved since their inception in the early twentieth century from wooden vessels used to deploy balloons to nuclear-powered warships that carry dozens of aircraft, including fighter jets and helicopters. As of 3 March 2016, there are thirty-seven active aircraft carriers in the world within twelve navies. The United States Navy has 10 large nuclear-powered carriers (known as supercarriers, carrying up to 90 aircraft each), the largest carriers in the world; the total deckspace is over twice that of all other nations' combined. As well as the supercarrier fleet, the US Navy has nine amphibious assault ships used primarily for helicopters (sometimes called helicopter carriers); these can also carry up to 25 fighter jets, and in some cases, are as large as some other nations' fixed-wing carriers. | What is another name for the 10 large nuclear-powered carriers operated by the U.N. Navy? | What is another name for the 10 large nuclear-powered carriers operated by the U.N. Navy? | [
"What is another name for the 10 large nuclear-powered carriers operated by the U.N. Navy?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21926 | 5acd614a07355d001abf3ff7 | Aircraft_carrier | Carriers have evolved since their inception in the early twentieth century from wooden vessels used to deploy balloons to nuclear-powered warships that carry dozens of aircraft, including fighter jets and helicopters. As of 3 March 2016, there are thirty-seven active aircraft carriers in the world within twelve navies. The United States Navy has 10 large nuclear-powered carriers (known as supercarriers, carrying up to 90 aircraft each), the largest carriers in the world; the total deckspace is over twice that of all other nations' combined. As well as the supercarrier fleet, the US Navy has nine amphibious assault ships used primarily for helicopters (sometimes called helicopter carriers); these can also carry up to 25 fighter jets, and in some cases, are as large as some other nations' fixed-wing carriers. | How many warcraft can supercarriers carry? | How many warcraft can supercarriers carry? | [
"How many warcraft can supercarriers carry?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21927 | 5acd614a07355d001abf3ff8 | Aircraft_carrier | Carriers have evolved since their inception in the early twentieth century from wooden vessels used to deploy balloons to nuclear-powered warships that carry dozens of aircraft, including fighter jets and helicopters. As of 3 March 2016, there are thirty-seven active aircraft carriers in the world within twelve navies. The United States Navy has 10 large nuclear-powered carriers (known as supercarriers, carrying up to 90 aircraft each), the largest carriers in the world; the total deckspace is over twice that of all other nations' combined. As well as the supercarrier fleet, the US Navy has nine amphibious assault ships used primarily for helicopters (sometimes called helicopter carriers); these can also carry up to 25 fighter jets, and in some cases, are as large as some other nations' fixed-wing carriers. | Who owns the smallest carriers in the world? | Who owns the smallest carriers in the world? | [
"Who owns the smallest carriers in the world?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21928 | 570ac5ed4103511400d599c6 | Aircraft_carrier | There is no single definition of an "aircraft carrier", and modern navies use several variants of the type. These variants are sometimes categorized as sub-types of aircraft carriers, and sometimes as distinct types of naval aviation-capable ships. Aircraft carriers may be classified according to the type of aircraft they carry and their operational assignments. Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope, former head of the Royal Navy, has said that "To put it simply, countries that aspire to strategic international influence have aircraft carriers". | What is the definition of an "aircraft carrier"? | What is the definition of an "aircraft carrier"? | [
"What is the definition of an \"aircraft carrier\"?"
] | {
"text": [
"There is no single definition"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21929 | 570ac5ed4103511400d599c7 | Aircraft_carrier | There is no single definition of an "aircraft carrier", and modern navies use several variants of the type. These variants are sometimes categorized as sub-types of aircraft carriers, and sometimes as distinct types of naval aviation-capable ships. Aircraft carriers may be classified according to the type of aircraft they carry and their operational assignments. Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope, former head of the Royal Navy, has said that "To put it simply, countries that aspire to strategic international influence have aircraft carriers". | How may aircraft carriers be classified? | How may aircraft carriers be classified? | [
"How may aircraft carriers be classified?"
] | {
"text": [
"according to the type of aircraft they carry and their operational assignments"
],
"answer_start": [
285
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21930 | 570ac5ed4103511400d599c8 | Aircraft_carrier | There is no single definition of an "aircraft carrier", and modern navies use several variants of the type. These variants are sometimes categorized as sub-types of aircraft carriers, and sometimes as distinct types of naval aviation-capable ships. Aircraft carriers may be classified according to the type of aircraft they carry and their operational assignments. Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope, former head of the Royal Navy, has said that "To put it simply, countries that aspire to strategic international influence have aircraft carriers". | Who is Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope? | Who is Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope? | [
"Who is Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope?"
] | {
"text": [
"former head of the Royal Navy"
],
"answer_start": [
392
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21931 | 570ac5ed4103511400d599c9 | Aircraft_carrier | There is no single definition of an "aircraft carrier", and modern navies use several variants of the type. These variants are sometimes categorized as sub-types of aircraft carriers, and sometimes as distinct types of naval aviation-capable ships. Aircraft carriers may be classified according to the type of aircraft they carry and their operational assignments. Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope, former head of the Royal Navy, has said that "To put it simply, countries that aspire to strategic international influence have aircraft carriers". | Who said, "countries that aspire to strategic international influence have aircraft carriers"? | Who said, "countries that aspire to strategic international influence have aircraft carriers"? | [
"Who said, \"countries that aspire to strategic international influence have aircraft carriers\"?"
] | {
"text": [
"Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope"
],
"answer_start": [
365
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21932 | 5acd60a507355d001abf3fc6 | Aircraft_carrier | There is no single definition of an "aircraft carrier", and modern navies use several variants of the type. These variants are sometimes categorized as sub-types of aircraft carriers, and sometimes as distinct types of naval aviation-capable ships. Aircraft carriers may be classified according to the type of aircraft they carry and their operational assignments. Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope, former head of the Royal Navy, has said that "To put it simply, countries that aspire to strategic international influence have aircraft carriers". | What is the definition of an "warcraft carrier"? | What is the definition of an "warcraft carrier"? | [
"What is the definition of an \"warcraft carrier\"?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21933 | 5acd60a507355d001abf3fc7 | Aircraft_carrier | There is no single definition of an "aircraft carrier", and modern navies use several variants of the type. These variants are sometimes categorized as sub-types of aircraft carriers, and sometimes as distinct types of naval aviation-capable ships. Aircraft carriers may be classified according to the type of aircraft they carry and their operational assignments. Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope, former head of the Royal Navy, has said that "To put it simply, countries that aspire to strategic international influence have aircraft carriers". | How may aircraft be classified? | How may aircraft be classified? | [
"How may aircraft be classified?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21934 | 5acd60a507355d001abf3fc8 | Aircraft_carrier | There is no single definition of an "aircraft carrier", and modern navies use several variants of the type. These variants are sometimes categorized as sub-types of aircraft carriers, and sometimes as distinct types of naval aviation-capable ships. Aircraft carriers may be classified according to the type of aircraft they carry and their operational assignments. Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope, former head of the Royal Navy, has said that "To put it simply, countries that aspire to strategic international influence have aircraft carriers". | Who is Admiral Sir Mark Royal? | Who is Admiral Sir Mark Royal? | [
"Who is Admiral Sir Mark Royal?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21935 | 5acd60a507355d001abf3fc9 | Aircraft_carrier | There is no single definition of an "aircraft carrier", and modern navies use several variants of the type. These variants are sometimes categorized as sub-types of aircraft carriers, and sometimes as distinct types of naval aviation-capable ships. Aircraft carriers may be classified according to the type of aircraft they carry and their operational assignments. Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope, former head of the Royal Navy, has said that "To put it simply, countries that aspire to strategic international influence have aircraft carriers". | Who said, "countries that aspire to strategic local influence have aircraft carriers"? | Who said, "countries that aspire to strategic local influence have aircraft carriers"? | [
"Who said, \"countries that aspire to strategic local influence have aircraft carriers\"?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21936 | 5acd60a507355d001abf3fca | Aircraft_carrier | There is no single definition of an "aircraft carrier", and modern navies use several variants of the type. These variants are sometimes categorized as sub-types of aircraft carriers, and sometimes as distinct types of naval aviation-capable ships. Aircraft carriers may be classified according to the type of aircraft they carry and their operational assignments. Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope, former head of the Royal Navy, has said that "To put it simply, countries that aspire to strategic international influence have aircraft carriers". | what type of carrier has a single definition | what type of carrier has a single definition | [
"what type of carrier has a single definition"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21937 | 570ac7a74103511400d599d2 | Aircraft_carrier | The aircraft carrier dramatically changed naval combat in World War II, because air power was becoming a significant factor in warfare. The advent of aircraft as focal weapons was driven by the superior range, flexibility and effectiveness of carrier-launched aircraft. They had higher range and precision than naval guns, making them highly effective. The versatility of the carrier was demonstrated in November 1940 when HMS Illustrious launched a long-range strike on the Italian fleet at their base in Taranto, signalling the beginning of the effective and highly mobile aircraft strikes. This operation incapacitated three of the six battleships at a cost of two torpedo bombers. World War II in the Pacific Ocean involved clashes between aircraft carrier fleets. The 1941 Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor was a clear illustration of the power projection capability afforded by a large force of modern carriers. Concentrating six carriers in a single unit turned naval history about, as no other nation had fielded anything comparable. However, the vulnerability of carriers compared to traditional battleships when forced into a gun-range encounter was quickly illustrated by the sinking of HMS Glorious by German battleships during the Norwegian campaign in 1940. | What dramatically changed naval combat in World War II? | What dramatically changed naval combat in World War II? | [
"What dramatically changed naval combat in World War II?"
] | {
"text": [
"The aircraft carrier"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21938 | 570ac7a74103511400d599d3 | Aircraft_carrier | The aircraft carrier dramatically changed naval combat in World War II, because air power was becoming a significant factor in warfare. The advent of aircraft as focal weapons was driven by the superior range, flexibility and effectiveness of carrier-launched aircraft. They had higher range and precision than naval guns, making them highly effective. The versatility of the carrier was demonstrated in November 1940 when HMS Illustrious launched a long-range strike on the Italian fleet at their base in Taranto, signalling the beginning of the effective and highly mobile aircraft strikes. This operation incapacitated three of the six battleships at a cost of two torpedo bombers. World War II in the Pacific Ocean involved clashes between aircraft carrier fleets. The 1941 Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor was a clear illustration of the power projection capability afforded by a large force of modern carriers. Concentrating six carriers in a single unit turned naval history about, as no other nation had fielded anything comparable. However, the vulnerability of carriers compared to traditional battleships when forced into a gun-range encounter was quickly illustrated by the sinking of HMS Glorious by German battleships during the Norwegian campaign in 1940. | What drove the advent of carrier-launched aircraft as focal weapons? | What drove the advent of carrier-launched aircraft as focal weapons? | [
"What drove the advent of carrier-launched aircraft as focal weapons?"
] | {
"text": [
"the superior range, flexibility and effectiveness"
],
"answer_start": [
190
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21939 | 570ac7a74103511400d599d4 | Aircraft_carrier | The aircraft carrier dramatically changed naval combat in World War II, because air power was becoming a significant factor in warfare. The advent of aircraft as focal weapons was driven by the superior range, flexibility and effectiveness of carrier-launched aircraft. They had higher range and precision than naval guns, making them highly effective. The versatility of the carrier was demonstrated in November 1940 when HMS Illustrious launched a long-range strike on the Italian fleet at their base in Taranto, signalling the beginning of the effective and highly mobile aircraft strikes. This operation incapacitated three of the six battleships at a cost of two torpedo bombers. World War II in the Pacific Ocean involved clashes between aircraft carrier fleets. The 1941 Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor was a clear illustration of the power projection capability afforded by a large force of modern carriers. Concentrating six carriers in a single unit turned naval history about, as no other nation had fielded anything comparable. However, the vulnerability of carriers compared to traditional battleships when forced into a gun-range encounter was quickly illustrated by the sinking of HMS Glorious by German battleships during the Norwegian campaign in 1940. | Why were carrier-launched aircraft more effective than naval guns? | Why were carrier-launched aircraft more effective than naval guns? | [
"Why were carrier-launched aircraft more effective than naval guns?"
] | {
"text": [
"They had higher range and precision"
],
"answer_start": [
270
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21940 | 570ac7a74103511400d599d5 | Aircraft_carrier | The aircraft carrier dramatically changed naval combat in World War II, because air power was becoming a significant factor in warfare. The advent of aircraft as focal weapons was driven by the superior range, flexibility and effectiveness of carrier-launched aircraft. They had higher range and precision than naval guns, making them highly effective. The versatility of the carrier was demonstrated in November 1940 when HMS Illustrious launched a long-range strike on the Italian fleet at their base in Taranto, signalling the beginning of the effective and highly mobile aircraft strikes. This operation incapacitated three of the six battleships at a cost of two torpedo bombers. World War II in the Pacific Ocean involved clashes between aircraft carrier fleets. The 1941 Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor was a clear illustration of the power projection capability afforded by a large force of modern carriers. Concentrating six carriers in a single unit turned naval history about, as no other nation had fielded anything comparable. However, the vulnerability of carriers compared to traditional battleships when forced into a gun-range encounter was quickly illustrated by the sinking of HMS Glorious by German battleships during the Norwegian campaign in 1940. | What was signalled in 1940 when HMS Illustrious launched an strike on an Italian fleet? | What was signalled in 1940 when HMS Illustrious launched an strike on an Italian fleet? | [
"What was signalled in 1940 when HMS Illustrious launched an strike on an Italian fleet?"
] | {
"text": [
"the beginning of the effective and highly mobile aircraft strikes"
],
"answer_start": [
526
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21941 | 570ac7a74103511400d599d6 | Aircraft_carrier | The aircraft carrier dramatically changed naval combat in World War II, because air power was becoming a significant factor in warfare. The advent of aircraft as focal weapons was driven by the superior range, flexibility and effectiveness of carrier-launched aircraft. They had higher range and precision than naval guns, making them highly effective. The versatility of the carrier was demonstrated in November 1940 when HMS Illustrious launched a long-range strike on the Italian fleet at their base in Taranto, signalling the beginning of the effective and highly mobile aircraft strikes. This operation incapacitated three of the six battleships at a cost of two torpedo bombers. World War II in the Pacific Ocean involved clashes between aircraft carrier fleets. The 1941 Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor was a clear illustration of the power projection capability afforded by a large force of modern carriers. Concentrating six carriers in a single unit turned naval history about, as no other nation had fielded anything comparable. However, the vulnerability of carriers compared to traditional battleships when forced into a gun-range encounter was quickly illustrated by the sinking of HMS Glorious by German battleships during the Norwegian campaign in 1940. | What event showed the vulnerability of carriers when forced into gun-range enounters? | What event showed the vulnerability of carriers when forced into gun-range enounters? | [
"What event showed the vulnerability of carriers when forced into gun-range enounters?"
] | {
"text": [
"the sinking of HMS Glorious by German battleships"
],
"answer_start": [
1190
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21942 | 5acd709d07355d001abf4252 | Aircraft_carrier | The aircraft carrier dramatically changed naval combat in World War II, because air power was becoming a significant factor in warfare. The advent of aircraft as focal weapons was driven by the superior range, flexibility and effectiveness of carrier-launched aircraft. They had higher range and precision than naval guns, making them highly effective. The versatility of the carrier was demonstrated in November 1940 when HMS Illustrious launched a long-range strike on the Italian fleet at their base in Taranto, signalling the beginning of the effective and highly mobile aircraft strikes. This operation incapacitated three of the six battleships at a cost of two torpedo bombers. World War II in the Pacific Ocean involved clashes between aircraft carrier fleets. The 1941 Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor was a clear illustration of the power projection capability afforded by a large force of modern carriers. Concentrating six carriers in a single unit turned naval history about, as no other nation had fielded anything comparable. However, the vulnerability of carriers compared to traditional battleships when forced into a gun-range encounter was quickly illustrated by the sinking of HMS Glorious by German battleships during the Norwegian campaign in 1940. | What dramatically changed naval combat in World War I? | What dramatically changed naval combat in World War I? | [
"What dramatically changed naval combat in World War I?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21943 | 5acd709d07355d001abf4253 | Aircraft_carrier | The aircraft carrier dramatically changed naval combat in World War II, because air power was becoming a significant factor in warfare. The advent of aircraft as focal weapons was driven by the superior range, flexibility and effectiveness of carrier-launched aircraft. They had higher range and precision than naval guns, making them highly effective. The versatility of the carrier was demonstrated in November 1940 when HMS Illustrious launched a long-range strike on the Italian fleet at their base in Taranto, signalling the beginning of the effective and highly mobile aircraft strikes. This operation incapacitated three of the six battleships at a cost of two torpedo bombers. World War II in the Pacific Ocean involved clashes between aircraft carrier fleets. The 1941 Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor was a clear illustration of the power projection capability afforded by a large force of modern carriers. Concentrating six carriers in a single unit turned naval history about, as no other nation had fielded anything comparable. However, the vulnerability of carriers compared to traditional battleships when forced into a gun-range encounter was quickly illustrated by the sinking of HMS Glorious by German battleships during the Norwegian campaign in 1940. | What drove the advent of carrier-launched aircraft as secondary weapons? | What drove the advent of carrier-launched aircraft as secondary weapons? | [
"What drove the advent of carrier-launched aircraft as secondary weapons?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21944 | 5acd709d07355d001abf4254 | Aircraft_carrier | The aircraft carrier dramatically changed naval combat in World War II, because air power was becoming a significant factor in warfare. The advent of aircraft as focal weapons was driven by the superior range, flexibility and effectiveness of carrier-launched aircraft. They had higher range and precision than naval guns, making them highly effective. The versatility of the carrier was demonstrated in November 1940 when HMS Illustrious launched a long-range strike on the Italian fleet at their base in Taranto, signalling the beginning of the effective and highly mobile aircraft strikes. This operation incapacitated three of the six battleships at a cost of two torpedo bombers. World War II in the Pacific Ocean involved clashes between aircraft carrier fleets. The 1941 Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor was a clear illustration of the power projection capability afforded by a large force of modern carriers. Concentrating six carriers in a single unit turned naval history about, as no other nation had fielded anything comparable. However, the vulnerability of carriers compared to traditional battleships when forced into a gun-range encounter was quickly illustrated by the sinking of HMS Glorious by German battleships during the Norwegian campaign in 1940. | Why were carrier-launched aircraft less effective than naval guns? | Why were carrier-launched aircraft less effective than naval guns? | [
"Why were carrier-launched aircraft less effective than naval guns?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21945 | 5acd709d07355d001abf4255 | Aircraft_carrier | The aircraft carrier dramatically changed naval combat in World War II, because air power was becoming a significant factor in warfare. The advent of aircraft as focal weapons was driven by the superior range, flexibility and effectiveness of carrier-launched aircraft. They had higher range and precision than naval guns, making them highly effective. The versatility of the carrier was demonstrated in November 1940 when HMS Illustrious launched a long-range strike on the Italian fleet at their base in Taranto, signalling the beginning of the effective and highly mobile aircraft strikes. This operation incapacitated three of the six battleships at a cost of two torpedo bombers. World War II in the Pacific Ocean involved clashes between aircraft carrier fleets. The 1941 Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor was a clear illustration of the power projection capability afforded by a large force of modern carriers. Concentrating six carriers in a single unit turned naval history about, as no other nation had fielded anything comparable. However, the vulnerability of carriers compared to traditional battleships when forced into a gun-range encounter was quickly illustrated by the sinking of HMS Glorious by German battleships during the Norwegian campaign in 1940. | What was signalled in 1904 when HMS Illustrious launched an strike on an Italian fleet? | What was signalled in 1904 when HMS Illustrious launched an strike on an Italian fleet? | [
"What was signalled in 1904 when HMS Illustrious launched an strike on an Italian fleet?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21946 | 5acd709d07355d001abf4256 | Aircraft_carrier | The aircraft carrier dramatically changed naval combat in World War II, because air power was becoming a significant factor in warfare. The advent of aircraft as focal weapons was driven by the superior range, flexibility and effectiveness of carrier-launched aircraft. They had higher range and precision than naval guns, making them highly effective. The versatility of the carrier was demonstrated in November 1940 when HMS Illustrious launched a long-range strike on the Italian fleet at their base in Taranto, signalling the beginning of the effective and highly mobile aircraft strikes. This operation incapacitated three of the six battleships at a cost of two torpedo bombers. World War II in the Pacific Ocean involved clashes between aircraft carrier fleets. The 1941 Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor was a clear illustration of the power projection capability afforded by a large force of modern carriers. Concentrating six carriers in a single unit turned naval history about, as no other nation had fielded anything comparable. However, the vulnerability of carriers compared to traditional battleships when forced into a gun-range encounter was quickly illustrated by the sinking of HMS Glorious by German battleships during the Norwegian campaign in 1940. | What event didn't show the vulnerability of carriers when forced into gun-range enounters? | What event didn't show the vulnerability of carriers when forced into gun-range enounters? | [
"What event didn't show the vulnerability of carriers when forced into gun-range enounters?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21947 | 570ac9296d058f19001830f6 | Aircraft_carrier | The development of flattop vessels produced the first large fleet ships. In 1918, HMS Argus became the world's first carrier capable of launching and recovering naval aircraft. As a result of the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922, which limited the construction of new heavy surface combat ships, most early aircraft carriers were conversions of ships that were laid down (or had served) as different ship types: cargo ships, cruisers, battlecruisers, or battleships. These conversions gave rise to the Lexington-class aircraft carriers (1927), Akagi and Courageous class. Specialist carrier evolution was well underway, with several navies ordering and building warships that were purposefully designed to function as aircraft carriers by the mid-1920s, resulting in the commissioning of ships such as Hōshō (1922), HMS Hermes (1924), and Béarn (1927). During World War II, these ships would become known as fleet carriers.[citation needed] | What develpment produced the first large fleet ships? | What develpment produced the first large fleet ships? | [
"What develpment produced the first large fleet ships?"
] | {
"text": [
"flattop vessels"
],
"answer_start": [
19
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21948 | 570ac9296d058f19001830f7 | Aircraft_carrier | The development of flattop vessels produced the first large fleet ships. In 1918, HMS Argus became the world's first carrier capable of launching and recovering naval aircraft. As a result of the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922, which limited the construction of new heavy surface combat ships, most early aircraft carriers were conversions of ships that were laid down (or had served) as different ship types: cargo ships, cruisers, battlecruisers, or battleships. These conversions gave rise to the Lexington-class aircraft carriers (1927), Akagi and Courageous class. Specialist carrier evolution was well underway, with several navies ordering and building warships that were purposefully designed to function as aircraft carriers by the mid-1920s, resulting in the commissioning of ships such as Hōshō (1922), HMS Hermes (1924), and Béarn (1927). During World War II, these ships would become known as fleet carriers.[citation needed] | What was the world's first carrier capable of launching and recovering naval aircraft? | What was the world's first carrier capable of launching and recovering naval aircraft? | [
"What was the world's first carrier capable of launching and recovering naval aircraft?"
] | {
"text": [
"HMS Argus"
],
"answer_start": [
82
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21949 | 570ac9296d058f19001830f8 | Aircraft_carrier | The development of flattop vessels produced the first large fleet ships. In 1918, HMS Argus became the world's first carrier capable of launching and recovering naval aircraft. As a result of the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922, which limited the construction of new heavy surface combat ships, most early aircraft carriers were conversions of ships that were laid down (or had served) as different ship types: cargo ships, cruisers, battlecruisers, or battleships. These conversions gave rise to the Lexington-class aircraft carriers (1927), Akagi and Courageous class. Specialist carrier evolution was well underway, with several navies ordering and building warships that were purposefully designed to function as aircraft carriers by the mid-1920s, resulting in the commissioning of ships such as Hōshō (1922), HMS Hermes (1924), and Béarn (1927). During World War II, these ships would become known as fleet carriers.[citation needed] | What did the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922 limit? | What did the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922 limit? | [
"What did the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922 limit?"
] | {
"text": [
"the construction of new heavy surface combat ships"
],
"answer_start": [
243
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21950 | 570ac9296d058f19001830f9 | Aircraft_carrier | The development of flattop vessels produced the first large fleet ships. In 1918, HMS Argus became the world's first carrier capable of launching and recovering naval aircraft. As a result of the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922, which limited the construction of new heavy surface combat ships, most early aircraft carriers were conversions of ships that were laid down (or had served) as different ship types: cargo ships, cruisers, battlecruisers, or battleships. These conversions gave rise to the Lexington-class aircraft carriers (1927), Akagi and Courageous class. Specialist carrier evolution was well underway, with several navies ordering and building warships that were purposefully designed to function as aircraft carriers by the mid-1920s, resulting in the commissioning of ships such as Hōshō (1922), HMS Hermes (1924), and Béarn (1927). During World War II, these ships would become known as fleet carriers.[citation needed] | What caused early aircraft carriers to be made up of conversions of ships that were previously cargo ships, cruisers or battlecruisers? | What caused early aircraft carriers to be made up of conversions of ships that were previously cargo ships, cruisers or battlecruisers? | [
"What caused early aircraft carriers to be made up of conversions of ships that were previously cargo ships, cruisers or battlecruisers?"
] | {
"text": [
"Washington Naval Treaty of 1922"
],
"answer_start": [
196
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21951 | 570ac9296d058f19001830fa | Aircraft_carrier | The development of flattop vessels produced the first large fleet ships. In 1918, HMS Argus became the world's first carrier capable of launching and recovering naval aircraft. As a result of the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922, which limited the construction of new heavy surface combat ships, most early aircraft carriers were conversions of ships that were laid down (or had served) as different ship types: cargo ships, cruisers, battlecruisers, or battleships. These conversions gave rise to the Lexington-class aircraft carriers (1927), Akagi and Courageous class. Specialist carrier evolution was well underway, with several navies ordering and building warships that were purposefully designed to function as aircraft carriers by the mid-1920s, resulting in the commissioning of ships such as Hōshō (1922), HMS Hermes (1924), and Béarn (1927). During World War II, these ships would become known as fleet carriers.[citation needed] | What type of aircraft carriers did these ship conversions give rise to in 1927? | What type of aircraft carriers did these ship conversions give rise to in 1927? | [
"What type of aircraft carriers did these ship conversions give rise to in 1927?"
] | {
"text": [
"Lexington-class"
],
"answer_start": [
501
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21952 | 5acd6fb407355d001abf4222 | Aircraft_carrier | The development of flattop vessels produced the first large fleet ships. In 1918, HMS Argus became the world's first carrier capable of launching and recovering naval aircraft. As a result of the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922, which limited the construction of new heavy surface combat ships, most early aircraft carriers were conversions of ships that were laid down (or had served) as different ship types: cargo ships, cruisers, battlecruisers, or battleships. These conversions gave rise to the Lexington-class aircraft carriers (1927), Akagi and Courageous class. Specialist carrier evolution was well underway, with several navies ordering and building warships that were purposefully designed to function as aircraft carriers by the mid-1920s, resulting in the commissioning of ships such as Hōshō (1922), HMS Hermes (1924), and Béarn (1927). During World War II, these ships would become known as fleet carriers.[citation needed] | What develpment produced the first small fleet ships? | What develpment produced the first small fleet ships? | [
"What develpment produced the first small fleet ships?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21953 | 5acd6fb407355d001abf4223 | Aircraft_carrier | The development of flattop vessels produced the first large fleet ships. In 1918, HMS Argus became the world's first carrier capable of launching and recovering naval aircraft. As a result of the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922, which limited the construction of new heavy surface combat ships, most early aircraft carriers were conversions of ships that were laid down (or had served) as different ship types: cargo ships, cruisers, battlecruisers, or battleships. These conversions gave rise to the Lexington-class aircraft carriers (1927), Akagi and Courageous class. Specialist carrier evolution was well underway, with several navies ordering and building warships that were purposefully designed to function as aircraft carriers by the mid-1920s, resulting in the commissioning of ships such as Hōshō (1922), HMS Hermes (1924), and Béarn (1927). During World War II, these ships would become known as fleet carriers.[citation needed] | What was the world's first carrier capable of launching and recovering civilian aircraft? | What was the world's first carrier capable of launching and recovering civilian aircraft? | [
"What was the world's first carrier capable of launching and recovering civilian aircraft?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21954 | 5acd6fb407355d001abf4224 | Aircraft_carrier | The development of flattop vessels produced the first large fleet ships. In 1918, HMS Argus became the world's first carrier capable of launching and recovering naval aircraft. As a result of the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922, which limited the construction of new heavy surface combat ships, most early aircraft carriers were conversions of ships that were laid down (or had served) as different ship types: cargo ships, cruisers, battlecruisers, or battleships. These conversions gave rise to the Lexington-class aircraft carriers (1927), Akagi and Courageous class. Specialist carrier evolution was well underway, with several navies ordering and building warships that were purposefully designed to function as aircraft carriers by the mid-1920s, resulting in the commissioning of ships such as Hōshō (1922), HMS Hermes (1924), and Béarn (1927). During World War II, these ships would become known as fleet carriers.[citation needed] | What did the Washington Naval Treaty of 1920 limit? | What did the Washington Naval Treaty of 1920 limit? | [
"What did the Washington Naval Treaty of 1920 limit?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21955 | 5acd6fb407355d001abf4225 | Aircraft_carrier | The development of flattop vessels produced the first large fleet ships. In 1918, HMS Argus became the world's first carrier capable of launching and recovering naval aircraft. As a result of the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922, which limited the construction of new heavy surface combat ships, most early aircraft carriers were conversions of ships that were laid down (or had served) as different ship types: cargo ships, cruisers, battlecruisers, or battleships. These conversions gave rise to the Lexington-class aircraft carriers (1927), Akagi and Courageous class. Specialist carrier evolution was well underway, with several navies ordering and building warships that were purposefully designed to function as aircraft carriers by the mid-1920s, resulting in the commissioning of ships such as Hōshō (1922), HMS Hermes (1924), and Béarn (1927). During World War II, these ships would become known as fleet carriers.[citation needed] | What caused modern aircraft carriers to be made up of conversions of ships that were previously cargo ships, cruisers or battlecruisers? | What caused modern aircraft carriers to be made up of conversions of ships that were previously cargo ships, cruisers or battlecruisers? | [
"What caused modern aircraft carriers to be made up of conversions of ships that were previously cargo ships, cruisers or battlecruisers?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21956 | 5acd6fb407355d001abf4226 | Aircraft_carrier | The development of flattop vessels produced the first large fleet ships. In 1918, HMS Argus became the world's first carrier capable of launching and recovering naval aircraft. As a result of the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922, which limited the construction of new heavy surface combat ships, most early aircraft carriers were conversions of ships that were laid down (or had served) as different ship types: cargo ships, cruisers, battlecruisers, or battleships. These conversions gave rise to the Lexington-class aircraft carriers (1927), Akagi and Courageous class. Specialist carrier evolution was well underway, with several navies ordering and building warships that were purposefully designed to function as aircraft carriers by the mid-1920s, resulting in the commissioning of ships such as Hōshō (1922), HMS Hermes (1924), and Béarn (1927). During World War II, these ships would become known as fleet carriers.[citation needed] | What type of aircraft carriers did these ship conversions give rise to in 1972? | What type of aircraft carriers did these ship conversions give rise to in 1972? | [
"What type of aircraft carriers did these ship conversions give rise to in 1972?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21957 | 570ad72b4103511400d59a72 | Aircraft_carrier | In December 2009, then Indian Navy chief Admiral Nirmal Kumar Verma said at his maiden navy week press conference that concepts currently being examined by the Directorate of Naval Design for the second indigenous aircraft carrier (IAC-2), are for a conventionally powered carrier displacing over 50,000 tons and equipped with steam catapults (rather than the ski-jump on the Gorshkov/Vikramaditya and the IAC) to launch fourth-generation aircraft. Later on in August 2013 Vice Admiral RK Dhowan, while talking about the detailed study underway on the IAC-II project, said that nuclear propulsion was also being considered. The navy also evaluated the Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS), which is being used by the US Navy in their latest Gerald R. Ford-class aircraft carriers. General Atomics, the developer of the EMALS, was cleared by the US government to give a technical demonstration to Indian Navy officers, who were impressed by the new capabilities of the system. The EMALS enables launching varied aircraft including unmanned combat air vehicles (UCAV). The aim is to have a total of three aircraft carriers in service, with two fully operational carriers and the third in refit. | What does EMALS stand for? | What does EMALS stand for? | [
"What does EMALS stand for?"
] | {
"text": [
"Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System"
],
"answer_start": [
652
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21958 | 570ad72b4103511400d59a73 | Aircraft_carrier | In December 2009, then Indian Navy chief Admiral Nirmal Kumar Verma said at his maiden navy week press conference that concepts currently being examined by the Directorate of Naval Design for the second indigenous aircraft carrier (IAC-2), are for a conventionally powered carrier displacing over 50,000 tons and equipped with steam catapults (rather than the ski-jump on the Gorshkov/Vikramaditya and the IAC) to launch fourth-generation aircraft. Later on in August 2013 Vice Admiral RK Dhowan, while talking about the detailed study underway on the IAC-II project, said that nuclear propulsion was also being considered. The navy also evaluated the Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS), which is being used by the US Navy in their latest Gerald R. Ford-class aircraft carriers. General Atomics, the developer of the EMALS, was cleared by the US government to give a technical demonstration to Indian Navy officers, who were impressed by the new capabilities of the system. The EMALS enables launching varied aircraft including unmanned combat air vehicles (UCAV). The aim is to have a total of three aircraft carriers in service, with two fully operational carriers and the third in refit. | Who developed EMALS? | Who developed EMALS? | [
"Who developed EMALS?"
] | {
"text": [
"General Atomics"
],
"answer_start": [
791
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21959 | 570ad72b4103511400d59a74 | Aircraft_carrier | In December 2009, then Indian Navy chief Admiral Nirmal Kumar Verma said at his maiden navy week press conference that concepts currently being examined by the Directorate of Naval Design for the second indigenous aircraft carrier (IAC-2), are for a conventionally powered carrier displacing over 50,000 tons and equipped with steam catapults (rather than the ski-jump on the Gorshkov/Vikramaditya and the IAC) to launch fourth-generation aircraft. Later on in August 2013 Vice Admiral RK Dhowan, while talking about the detailed study underway on the IAC-II project, said that nuclear propulsion was also being considered. The navy also evaluated the Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS), which is being used by the US Navy in their latest Gerald R. Ford-class aircraft carriers. General Atomics, the developer of the EMALS, was cleared by the US government to give a technical demonstration to Indian Navy officers, who were impressed by the new capabilities of the system. The EMALS enables launching varied aircraft including unmanned combat air vehicles (UCAV). The aim is to have a total of three aircraft carriers in service, with two fully operational carriers and the third in refit. | What do EMALS enable the launching of? | What do EMALS enable the launching of? | [
"What do EMALS enable the launching of?"
] | {
"text": [
"varied aircraft including unmanned combat air vehicles (UCAV)"
],
"answer_start": [
1014
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21960 | 570ad72b4103511400d59a75 | Aircraft_carrier | In December 2009, then Indian Navy chief Admiral Nirmal Kumar Verma said at his maiden navy week press conference that concepts currently being examined by the Directorate of Naval Design for the second indigenous aircraft carrier (IAC-2), are for a conventionally powered carrier displacing over 50,000 tons and equipped with steam catapults (rather than the ski-jump on the Gorshkov/Vikramaditya and the IAC) to launch fourth-generation aircraft. Later on in August 2013 Vice Admiral RK Dhowan, while talking about the detailed study underway on the IAC-II project, said that nuclear propulsion was also being considered. The navy also evaluated the Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS), which is being used by the US Navy in their latest Gerald R. Ford-class aircraft carriers. General Atomics, the developer of the EMALS, was cleared by the US government to give a technical demonstration to Indian Navy officers, who were impressed by the new capabilities of the system. The EMALS enables launching varied aircraft including unmanned combat air vehicles (UCAV). The aim is to have a total of three aircraft carriers in service, with two fully operational carriers and the third in refit. | Who was impressed by the demonstration of EMALS by General Atomics? | Who was impressed by the demonstration of EMALS by General Atomics? | [
"Who was impressed by the demonstration of EMALS by General Atomics?"
] | {
"text": [
"Indian Navy officers"
],
"answer_start": [
906
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21961 | 570ad72b4103511400d59a76 | Aircraft_carrier | In December 2009, then Indian Navy chief Admiral Nirmal Kumar Verma said at his maiden navy week press conference that concepts currently being examined by the Directorate of Naval Design for the second indigenous aircraft carrier (IAC-2), are for a conventionally powered carrier displacing over 50,000 tons and equipped with steam catapults (rather than the ski-jump on the Gorshkov/Vikramaditya and the IAC) to launch fourth-generation aircraft. Later on in August 2013 Vice Admiral RK Dhowan, while talking about the detailed study underway on the IAC-II project, said that nuclear propulsion was also being considered. The navy also evaluated the Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS), which is being used by the US Navy in their latest Gerald R. Ford-class aircraft carriers. General Atomics, the developer of the EMALS, was cleared by the US government to give a technical demonstration to Indian Navy officers, who were impressed by the new capabilities of the system. The EMALS enables launching varied aircraft including unmanned combat air vehicles (UCAV). The aim is to have a total of three aircraft carriers in service, with two fully operational carriers and the third in refit. | How many in-service aircraft carriers are aimed for with EMALS? | How many in-service aircraft carriers are aimed for with EMALS? | [
"How many in-service aircraft carriers are aimed for with EMALS?"
] | {
"text": [
"three"
],
"answer_start": [
1107
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21962 | 5acd738407355d001abf42fc | Aircraft_carrier | In December 2009, then Indian Navy chief Admiral Nirmal Kumar Verma said at his maiden navy week press conference that concepts currently being examined by the Directorate of Naval Design for the second indigenous aircraft carrier (IAC-2), are for a conventionally powered carrier displacing over 50,000 tons and equipped with steam catapults (rather than the ski-jump on the Gorshkov/Vikramaditya and the IAC) to launch fourth-generation aircraft. Later on in August 2013 Vice Admiral RK Dhowan, while talking about the detailed study underway on the IAC-II project, said that nuclear propulsion was also being considered. The navy also evaluated the Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS), which is being used by the US Navy in their latest Gerald R. Ford-class aircraft carriers. General Atomics, the developer of the EMALS, was cleared by the US government to give a technical demonstration to Indian Navy officers, who were impressed by the new capabilities of the system. The EMALS enables launching varied aircraft including unmanned combat air vehicles (UCAV). The aim is to have a total of three aircraft carriers in service, with two fully operational carriers and the third in refit. | What does MEALS stand for? | What does MEALS stand for? | [
"What does MEALS stand for?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21963 | 5acd738407355d001abf42fd | Aircraft_carrier | In December 2009, then Indian Navy chief Admiral Nirmal Kumar Verma said at his maiden navy week press conference that concepts currently being examined by the Directorate of Naval Design for the second indigenous aircraft carrier (IAC-2), are for a conventionally powered carrier displacing over 50,000 tons and equipped with steam catapults (rather than the ski-jump on the Gorshkov/Vikramaditya and the IAC) to launch fourth-generation aircraft. Later on in August 2013 Vice Admiral RK Dhowan, while talking about the detailed study underway on the IAC-II project, said that nuclear propulsion was also being considered. The navy also evaluated the Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS), which is being used by the US Navy in their latest Gerald R. Ford-class aircraft carriers. General Atomics, the developer of the EMALS, was cleared by the US government to give a technical demonstration to Indian Navy officers, who were impressed by the new capabilities of the system. The EMALS enables launching varied aircraft including unmanned combat air vehicles (UCAV). The aim is to have a total of three aircraft carriers in service, with two fully operational carriers and the third in refit. | Who didn't develop EMALS? | Who didn't develop EMALS? | [
"Who didn't develop EMALS?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21964 | 5acd738407355d001abf42fe | Aircraft_carrier | In December 2009, then Indian Navy chief Admiral Nirmal Kumar Verma said at his maiden navy week press conference that concepts currently being examined by the Directorate of Naval Design for the second indigenous aircraft carrier (IAC-2), are for a conventionally powered carrier displacing over 50,000 tons and equipped with steam catapults (rather than the ski-jump on the Gorshkov/Vikramaditya and the IAC) to launch fourth-generation aircraft. Later on in August 2013 Vice Admiral RK Dhowan, while talking about the detailed study underway on the IAC-II project, said that nuclear propulsion was also being considered. The navy also evaluated the Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS), which is being used by the US Navy in their latest Gerald R. Ford-class aircraft carriers. General Atomics, the developer of the EMALS, was cleared by the US government to give a technical demonstration to Indian Navy officers, who were impressed by the new capabilities of the system. The EMALS enables launching varied aircraft including unmanned combat air vehicles (UCAV). The aim is to have a total of three aircraft carriers in service, with two fully operational carriers and the third in refit. | What do EMALS disable the launching of? | What do EMALS disable the launching of? | [
"What do EMALS disable the launching of?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21965 | 5acd738407355d001abf42ff | Aircraft_carrier | In December 2009, then Indian Navy chief Admiral Nirmal Kumar Verma said at his maiden navy week press conference that concepts currently being examined by the Directorate of Naval Design for the second indigenous aircraft carrier (IAC-2), are for a conventionally powered carrier displacing over 50,000 tons and equipped with steam catapults (rather than the ski-jump on the Gorshkov/Vikramaditya and the IAC) to launch fourth-generation aircraft. Later on in August 2013 Vice Admiral RK Dhowan, while talking about the detailed study underway on the IAC-II project, said that nuclear propulsion was also being considered. The navy also evaluated the Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS), which is being used by the US Navy in their latest Gerald R. Ford-class aircraft carriers. General Atomics, the developer of the EMALS, was cleared by the US government to give a technical demonstration to Indian Navy officers, who were impressed by the new capabilities of the system. The EMALS enables launching varied aircraft including unmanned combat air vehicles (UCAV). The aim is to have a total of three aircraft carriers in service, with two fully operational carriers and the third in refit. | Who wasn't impressed by the demonstration of EMALS by General Atomics? | Who wasn't impressed by the demonstration of EMALS by General Atomics? | [
"Who wasn't impressed by the demonstration of EMALS by General Atomics?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21966 | 5acd738407355d001abf4300 | Aircraft_carrier | In December 2009, then Indian Navy chief Admiral Nirmal Kumar Verma said at his maiden navy week press conference that concepts currently being examined by the Directorate of Naval Design for the second indigenous aircraft carrier (IAC-2), are for a conventionally powered carrier displacing over 50,000 tons and equipped with steam catapults (rather than the ski-jump on the Gorshkov/Vikramaditya and the IAC) to launch fourth-generation aircraft. Later on in August 2013 Vice Admiral RK Dhowan, while talking about the detailed study underway on the IAC-II project, said that nuclear propulsion was also being considered. The navy also evaluated the Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS), which is being used by the US Navy in their latest Gerald R. Ford-class aircraft carriers. General Atomics, the developer of the EMALS, was cleared by the US government to give a technical demonstration to Indian Navy officers, who were impressed by the new capabilities of the system. The EMALS enables launching varied aircraft including unmanned combat air vehicles (UCAV). The aim is to have a total of three aircraft carriers in service, with two fully operational carriers and the third in refit. | How many out of service aircraft carriers are aimed for with EMALS? | How many out of service aircraft carriers are aimed for with EMALS? | [
"How many out of service aircraft carriers are aimed for with EMALS?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21967 | 570ad8714103511400d59a86 | Aircraft_carrier | In August 2013, a launching ceremony for Japan's largest military ship since World War II was held in Yokohama. The 820-foot-long (250 m), 19,500-ton flattop Izumo was deployed in March 2015. The ship is able to carry up to 14 helicopters; however, only seven ASW helicopters and two SAR helicopters were planned for the initial aircraft complement. For other operations, 400 troops and fifty 3.5 t trucks (or equivalent equipment) can also be carried. The flight deck has five helicopter landing spots that allow simultaneous landings or take-offs. The ship is equipped with two Phalanx CIWS and two SeaRAM for its defense. The destroyers of this class were initially intended to replace the two ships of the Shirane class, which were originally scheduled to begin decommissioning in FY2014. | What was the August 2013 launching ceremony in Yokohama held for? | What was the August 2013 launching ceremony in Yokohama held for? | [
"What was the August 2013 launching ceremony in Yokohama held for?"
] | {
"text": [
"Japan's largest military ship since World War II"
],
"answer_start": [
41
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21968 | 570ad8714103511400d59a87 | Aircraft_carrier | In August 2013, a launching ceremony for Japan's largest military ship since World War II was held in Yokohama. The 820-foot-long (250 m), 19,500-ton flattop Izumo was deployed in March 2015. The ship is able to carry up to 14 helicopters; however, only seven ASW helicopters and two SAR helicopters were planned for the initial aircraft complement. For other operations, 400 troops and fifty 3.5 t trucks (or equivalent equipment) can also be carried. The flight deck has five helicopter landing spots that allow simultaneous landings or take-offs. The ship is equipped with two Phalanx CIWS and two SeaRAM for its defense. The destroyers of this class were initially intended to replace the two ships of the Shirane class, which were originally scheduled to begin decommissioning in FY2014. | How many helicopters can simultaneously land on Japan's largest military ship? | How many helicopters can simultaneously land on Japan's largest military ship? | [
"How many helicopters can simultaneously land on Japan's largest military ship?"
] | {
"text": [
"five"
],
"answer_start": [
473
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21969 | 570ad8714103511400d59a88 | Aircraft_carrier | In August 2013, a launching ceremony for Japan's largest military ship since World War II was held in Yokohama. The 820-foot-long (250 m), 19,500-ton flattop Izumo was deployed in March 2015. The ship is able to carry up to 14 helicopters; however, only seven ASW helicopters and two SAR helicopters were planned for the initial aircraft complement. For other operations, 400 troops and fifty 3.5 t trucks (or equivalent equipment) can also be carried. The flight deck has five helicopter landing spots that allow simultaneous landings or take-offs. The ship is equipped with two Phalanx CIWS and two SeaRAM for its defense. The destroyers of this class were initially intended to replace the two ships of the Shirane class, which were originally scheduled to begin decommissioning in FY2014. | How long is Japan's largest military ship? | How long is Japan's largest military ship? | [
"How long is Japan's largest military ship?"
] | {
"text": [
"820-foot-long (250 m)"
],
"answer_start": [
116
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21970 | 570ad8714103511400d59a89 | Aircraft_carrier | In August 2013, a launching ceremony for Japan's largest military ship since World War II was held in Yokohama. The 820-foot-long (250 m), 19,500-ton flattop Izumo was deployed in March 2015. The ship is able to carry up to 14 helicopters; however, only seven ASW helicopters and two SAR helicopters were planned for the initial aircraft complement. For other operations, 400 troops and fifty 3.5 t trucks (or equivalent equipment) can also be carried. The flight deck has five helicopter landing spots that allow simultaneous landings or take-offs. The ship is equipped with two Phalanx CIWS and two SeaRAM for its defense. The destroyers of this class were initially intended to replace the two ships of the Shirane class, which were originally scheduled to begin decommissioning in FY2014. | How many troops can Japan's largest military ship carry? | How many troops can Japan's largest military ship carry? | [
"How many troops can Japan's largest military ship carry?"
] | {
"text": [
"400"
],
"answer_start": [
372
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21971 | 570ad8714103511400d59a8a | Aircraft_carrier | In August 2013, a launching ceremony for Japan's largest military ship since World War II was held in Yokohama. The 820-foot-long (250 m), 19,500-ton flattop Izumo was deployed in March 2015. The ship is able to carry up to 14 helicopters; however, only seven ASW helicopters and two SAR helicopters were planned for the initial aircraft complement. For other operations, 400 troops and fifty 3.5 t trucks (or equivalent equipment) can also be carried. The flight deck has five helicopter landing spots that allow simultaneous landings or take-offs. The ship is equipped with two Phalanx CIWS and two SeaRAM for its defense. The destroyers of this class were initially intended to replace the two ships of the Shirane class, which were originally scheduled to begin decommissioning in FY2014. | How much does Japan's largest military ship weigh? | How much does Japan's largest military ship weigh? | [
"How much does Japan's largest military ship weigh?"
] | {
"text": [
"19,500-ton"
],
"answer_start": [
139
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21972 | 5acd746107355d001abf431a | Aircraft_carrier | In August 2013, a launching ceremony for Japan's largest military ship since World War II was held in Yokohama. The 820-foot-long (250 m), 19,500-ton flattop Izumo was deployed in March 2015. The ship is able to carry up to 14 helicopters; however, only seven ASW helicopters and two SAR helicopters were planned for the initial aircraft complement. For other operations, 400 troops and fifty 3.5 t trucks (or equivalent equipment) can also be carried. The flight deck has five helicopter landing spots that allow simultaneous landings or take-offs. The ship is equipped with two Phalanx CIWS and two SeaRAM for its defense. The destroyers of this class were initially intended to replace the two ships of the Shirane class, which were originally scheduled to begin decommissioning in FY2014. | What was the August 2013 launching ceremony in Toyko held for? | What was the August 2013 launching ceremony in Toyko held for? | [
"What was the August 2013 launching ceremony in Toyko held for?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21973 | 5acd746107355d001abf431b | Aircraft_carrier | In August 2013, a launching ceremony for Japan's largest military ship since World War II was held in Yokohama. The 820-foot-long (250 m), 19,500-ton flattop Izumo was deployed in March 2015. The ship is able to carry up to 14 helicopters; however, only seven ASW helicopters and two SAR helicopters were planned for the initial aircraft complement. For other operations, 400 troops and fifty 3.5 t trucks (or equivalent equipment) can also be carried. The flight deck has five helicopter landing spots that allow simultaneous landings or take-offs. The ship is equipped with two Phalanx CIWS and two SeaRAM for its defense. The destroyers of this class were initially intended to replace the two ships of the Shirane class, which were originally scheduled to begin decommissioning in FY2014. | How many helicopters can simultaneously land on China's largest military ship? | How many helicopters can simultaneously land on China's largest military ship? | [
"How many helicopters can simultaneously land on China's largest military ship?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21974 | 5acd746107355d001abf431c | Aircraft_carrier | In August 2013, a launching ceremony for Japan's largest military ship since World War II was held in Yokohama. The 820-foot-long (250 m), 19,500-ton flattop Izumo was deployed in March 2015. The ship is able to carry up to 14 helicopters; however, only seven ASW helicopters and two SAR helicopters were planned for the initial aircraft complement. For other operations, 400 troops and fifty 3.5 t trucks (or equivalent equipment) can also be carried. The flight deck has five helicopter landing spots that allow simultaneous landings or take-offs. The ship is equipped with two Phalanx CIWS and two SeaRAM for its defense. The destroyers of this class were initially intended to replace the two ships of the Shirane class, which were originally scheduled to begin decommissioning in FY2014. | How long is Japan's largest civilian ship? | How long is Japan's largest civilian ship? | [
"How long is Japan's largest civilian ship?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21975 | 5acd746107355d001abf431d | Aircraft_carrier | In August 2013, a launching ceremony for Japan's largest military ship since World War II was held in Yokohama. The 820-foot-long (250 m), 19,500-ton flattop Izumo was deployed in March 2015. The ship is able to carry up to 14 helicopters; however, only seven ASW helicopters and two SAR helicopters were planned for the initial aircraft complement. For other operations, 400 troops and fifty 3.5 t trucks (or equivalent equipment) can also be carried. The flight deck has five helicopter landing spots that allow simultaneous landings or take-offs. The ship is equipped with two Phalanx CIWS and two SeaRAM for its defense. The destroyers of this class were initially intended to replace the two ships of the Shirane class, which were originally scheduled to begin decommissioning in FY2014. | How many troops can Japan's smallest military ship carry? | How many troops can Japan's smallest military ship carry? | [
"How many troops can Japan's smallest military ship carry?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21976 | 5acd746107355d001abf431e | Aircraft_carrier | In August 2013, a launching ceremony for Japan's largest military ship since World War II was held in Yokohama. The 820-foot-long (250 m), 19,500-ton flattop Izumo was deployed in March 2015. The ship is able to carry up to 14 helicopters; however, only seven ASW helicopters and two SAR helicopters were planned for the initial aircraft complement. For other operations, 400 troops and fifty 3.5 t trucks (or equivalent equipment) can also be carried. The flight deck has five helicopter landing spots that allow simultaneous landings or take-offs. The ship is equipped with two Phalanx CIWS and two SeaRAM for its defense. The destroyers of this class were initially intended to replace the two ships of the Shirane class, which were originally scheduled to begin decommissioning in FY2014. | How much does Japan's smallest military ship weigh? | How much does Japan's smallest military ship weigh? | [
"How much does Japan's smallest military ship weigh?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21977 | 570af1386b8089140040f626 | Aircraft_carrier | The current US fleet of Nimitz-class carriers will be followed into service (and in some cases replaced) by the ten-ship Gerald R. Ford class. It is expected that the ships will be more automated in an effort to reduce the amount of funding required to staff, maintain and operate its supercarriers. The main new features are implementation of Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS) (which replace the old steam catapults) and unmanned aerial vehicles. With the deactivation of USS Enterprise in December 2012 (decommissioning scheduled for 2016), the U.S. fleet comprises 10 active supercarriers. On 24 July 2007, the House Armed Services Seapower subcommittee recommended seven or eight new carriers (one every four years). However, the debate has deepened over budgeting for the $12–14.5 billion (plus $12 billion for development and research) for the 100,000 ton Gerald R. Ford-class carrier (estimated service 2016) compared to the smaller $2 billion 45,000 ton America-class amphibious assault ships able to deploy squadrons of F-35B of which one is already active, another is under construction and nine more are planned. | What will some of the current US fleet of Nimitz-class carriers be replaced with? | What will some of the current US fleet of Nimitz-class carriers be replaced with? | [
"What will some of the current US fleet of Nimitz-class carriers be replaced with?"
] | {
"text": [
"the ten-ship Gerald R. Ford class"
],
"answer_start": [
108
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21978 | 570af1386b8089140040f627 | Aircraft_carrier | The current US fleet of Nimitz-class carriers will be followed into service (and in some cases replaced) by the ten-ship Gerald R. Ford class. It is expected that the ships will be more automated in an effort to reduce the amount of funding required to staff, maintain and operate its supercarriers. The main new features are implementation of Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS) (which replace the old steam catapults) and unmanned aerial vehicles. With the deactivation of USS Enterprise in December 2012 (decommissioning scheduled for 2016), the U.S. fleet comprises 10 active supercarriers. On 24 July 2007, the House Armed Services Seapower subcommittee recommended seven or eight new carriers (one every four years). However, the debate has deepened over budgeting for the $12–14.5 billion (plus $12 billion for development and research) for the 100,000 ton Gerald R. Ford-class carrier (estimated service 2016) compared to the smaller $2 billion 45,000 ton America-class amphibious assault ships able to deploy squadrons of F-35B of which one is already active, another is under construction and nine more are planned. | Which feature of the new ships will replace the old steam catapults? | Which feature of the new ships will replace the old steam catapults? | [
"Which feature of the new ships will replace the old steam catapults?"
] | {
"text": [
"Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS)"
],
"answer_start": [
344
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21979 | 570af1386b8089140040f628 | Aircraft_carrier | The current US fleet of Nimitz-class carriers will be followed into service (and in some cases replaced) by the ten-ship Gerald R. Ford class. It is expected that the ships will be more automated in an effort to reduce the amount of funding required to staff, maintain and operate its supercarriers. The main new features are implementation of Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS) (which replace the old steam catapults) and unmanned aerial vehicles. With the deactivation of USS Enterprise in December 2012 (decommissioning scheduled for 2016), the U.S. fleet comprises 10 active supercarriers. On 24 July 2007, the House Armed Services Seapower subcommittee recommended seven or eight new carriers (one every four years). However, the debate has deepened over budgeting for the $12–14.5 billion (plus $12 billion for development and research) for the 100,000 ton Gerald R. Ford-class carrier (estimated service 2016) compared to the smaller $2 billion 45,000 ton America-class amphibious assault ships able to deploy squadrons of F-35B of which one is already active, another is under construction and nine more are planned. | When is the USS Enterprise scheduled to be decommissioned? | When is the USS Enterprise scheduled to be decommissioned? | [
"When is the USS Enterprise scheduled to be decommissioned?"
] | {
"text": [
"2016"
],
"answer_start": [
549
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21980 | 570af1386b8089140040f629 | Aircraft_carrier | The current US fleet of Nimitz-class carriers will be followed into service (and in some cases replaced) by the ten-ship Gerald R. Ford class. It is expected that the ships will be more automated in an effort to reduce the amount of funding required to staff, maintain and operate its supercarriers. The main new features are implementation of Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS) (which replace the old steam catapults) and unmanned aerial vehicles. With the deactivation of USS Enterprise in December 2012 (decommissioning scheduled for 2016), the U.S. fleet comprises 10 active supercarriers. On 24 July 2007, the House Armed Services Seapower subcommittee recommended seven or eight new carriers (one every four years). However, the debate has deepened over budgeting for the $12–14.5 billion (plus $12 billion for development and research) for the 100,000 ton Gerald R. Ford-class carrier (estimated service 2016) compared to the smaller $2 billion 45,000 ton America-class amphibious assault ships able to deploy squadrons of F-35B of which one is already active, another is under construction and nine more are planned. | How much does the Gerald R. Ford-class carrier weigh? | How much does the Gerald R. Ford-class carrier weigh? | [
"How much does the Gerald R. Ford-class carrier weigh?"
] | {
"text": [
"100,000 ton"
],
"answer_start": [
863
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21981 | 570af1386b8089140040f62a | Aircraft_carrier | The current US fleet of Nimitz-class carriers will be followed into service (and in some cases replaced) by the ten-ship Gerald R. Ford class. It is expected that the ships will be more automated in an effort to reduce the amount of funding required to staff, maintain and operate its supercarriers. The main new features are implementation of Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS) (which replace the old steam catapults) and unmanned aerial vehicles. With the deactivation of USS Enterprise in December 2012 (decommissioning scheduled for 2016), the U.S. fleet comprises 10 active supercarriers. On 24 July 2007, the House Armed Services Seapower subcommittee recommended seven or eight new carriers (one every four years). However, the debate has deepened over budgeting for the $12–14.5 billion (plus $12 billion for development and research) for the 100,000 ton Gerald R. Ford-class carrier (estimated service 2016) compared to the smaller $2 billion 45,000 ton America-class amphibious assault ships able to deploy squadrons of F-35B of which one is already active, another is under construction and nine more are planned. | How much does the America-class amphibious assault ship weigh? | How much does the America-class amphibious assault ship weigh? | [
"How much does the America-class amphibious assault ship weigh?"
] | {
"text": [
"45,000 ton"
],
"answer_start": [
964
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21982 | 5acd770707355d001abf4384 | Aircraft_carrier | The current US fleet of Nimitz-class carriers will be followed into service (and in some cases replaced) by the ten-ship Gerald R. Ford class. It is expected that the ships will be more automated in an effort to reduce the amount of funding required to staff, maintain and operate its supercarriers. The main new features are implementation of Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS) (which replace the old steam catapults) and unmanned aerial vehicles. With the deactivation of USS Enterprise in December 2012 (decommissioning scheduled for 2016), the U.S. fleet comprises 10 active supercarriers. On 24 July 2007, the House Armed Services Seapower subcommittee recommended seven or eight new carriers (one every four years). However, the debate has deepened over budgeting for the $12–14.5 billion (plus $12 billion for development and research) for the 100,000 ton Gerald R. Ford-class carrier (estimated service 2016) compared to the smaller $2 billion 45,000 ton America-class amphibious assault ships able to deploy squadrons of F-35B of which one is already active, another is under construction and nine more are planned. | What will some of the current UN fleet of Nimitz-class carriers be replaced with? | What will some of the current UN fleet of Nimitz-class carriers be replaced with? | [
"What will some of the current UN fleet of Nimitz-class carriers be replaced with?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21983 | 5acd770707355d001abf4385 | Aircraft_carrier | The current US fleet of Nimitz-class carriers will be followed into service (and in some cases replaced) by the ten-ship Gerald R. Ford class. It is expected that the ships will be more automated in an effort to reduce the amount of funding required to staff, maintain and operate its supercarriers. The main new features are implementation of Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS) (which replace the old steam catapults) and unmanned aerial vehicles. With the deactivation of USS Enterprise in December 2012 (decommissioning scheduled for 2016), the U.S. fleet comprises 10 active supercarriers. On 24 July 2007, the House Armed Services Seapower subcommittee recommended seven or eight new carriers (one every four years). However, the debate has deepened over budgeting for the $12–14.5 billion (plus $12 billion for development and research) for the 100,000 ton Gerald R. Ford-class carrier (estimated service 2016) compared to the smaller $2 billion 45,000 ton America-class amphibious assault ships able to deploy squadrons of F-35B of which one is already active, another is under construction and nine more are planned. | Which feature of the new ships will replace the old nuclear catapults? | Which feature of the new ships will replace the old nuclear catapults? | [
"Which feature of the new ships will replace the old nuclear catapults?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21984 | 5acd770707355d001abf4386 | Aircraft_carrier | The current US fleet of Nimitz-class carriers will be followed into service (and in some cases replaced) by the ten-ship Gerald R. Ford class. It is expected that the ships will be more automated in an effort to reduce the amount of funding required to staff, maintain and operate its supercarriers. The main new features are implementation of Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS) (which replace the old steam catapults) and unmanned aerial vehicles. With the deactivation of USS Enterprise in December 2012 (decommissioning scheduled for 2016), the U.S. fleet comprises 10 active supercarriers. On 24 July 2007, the House Armed Services Seapower subcommittee recommended seven or eight new carriers (one every four years). However, the debate has deepened over budgeting for the $12–14.5 billion (plus $12 billion for development and research) for the 100,000 ton Gerald R. Ford-class carrier (estimated service 2016) compared to the smaller $2 billion 45,000 ton America-class amphibious assault ships able to deploy squadrons of F-35B of which one is already active, another is under construction and nine more are planned. | When is the USS Enterprise scheduled to be commissioned? | When is the USS Enterprise scheduled to be commissioned? | [
"When is the USS Enterprise scheduled to be commissioned?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21985 | 5acd770707355d001abf4387 | Aircraft_carrier | The current US fleet of Nimitz-class carriers will be followed into service (and in some cases replaced) by the ten-ship Gerald R. Ford class. It is expected that the ships will be more automated in an effort to reduce the amount of funding required to staff, maintain and operate its supercarriers. The main new features are implementation of Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS) (which replace the old steam catapults) and unmanned aerial vehicles. With the deactivation of USS Enterprise in December 2012 (decommissioning scheduled for 2016), the U.S. fleet comprises 10 active supercarriers. On 24 July 2007, the House Armed Services Seapower subcommittee recommended seven or eight new carriers (one every four years). However, the debate has deepened over budgeting for the $12–14.5 billion (plus $12 billion for development and research) for the 100,000 ton Gerald R. Ford-class carrier (estimated service 2016) compared to the smaller $2 billion 45,000 ton America-class amphibious assault ships able to deploy squadrons of F-35B of which one is already active, another is under construction and nine more are planned. | How much does the Harrison R. Ford-class carrier weigh? | How much does the Harrison R. Ford-class carrier weigh? | [
"How much does the Harrison R. Ford-class carrier weigh?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21986 | 5acd770707355d001abf4388 | Aircraft_carrier | The current US fleet of Nimitz-class carriers will be followed into service (and in some cases replaced) by the ten-ship Gerald R. Ford class. It is expected that the ships will be more automated in an effort to reduce the amount of funding required to staff, maintain and operate its supercarriers. The main new features are implementation of Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS) (which replace the old steam catapults) and unmanned aerial vehicles. With the deactivation of USS Enterprise in December 2012 (decommissioning scheduled for 2016), the U.S. fleet comprises 10 active supercarriers. On 24 July 2007, the House Armed Services Seapower subcommittee recommended seven or eight new carriers (one every four years). However, the debate has deepened over budgeting for the $12–14.5 billion (plus $12 billion for development and research) for the 100,000 ton Gerald R. Ford-class carrier (estimated service 2016) compared to the smaller $2 billion 45,000 ton America-class amphibious assault ships able to deploy squadrons of F-35B of which one is already active, another is under construction and nine more are planned. | How much does the America-class amphibious peace ship weigh? | How much does the America-class amphibious peace ship weigh? | [
"How much does the America-class amphibious peace ship weigh?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21987 | 570afdc16b8089140040f68a | Aircraft_carrier | If the aircraft are VTOL-capable or helicopters, they do not need to decelerate and hence there is no such need. The arrested-recovery system has used an angled deck since the 1950s because, in case the aircraft does not catch the arresting wire, the short deck allows easier take off by reducing the number of objects between the aircraft and the end of the runway. It also has the advantage of separating the recovery operation area from the launch area. Helicopters and aircraft capable of vertical or short take-off and landing (V/STOL) usually recover by coming abreast the carrier on the port side and then using their hover capability to move over the flight deck and land vertically without the need for arresting gear. | What type of aircraft have no need to decelerate? | What type of aircraft have no need to decelerate? | [
"What type of aircraft have no need to decelerate?"
] | {
"text": [
"VTOL-capable or helicopters"
],
"answer_start": [
20
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21988 | 570afdc16b8089140040f68b | Aircraft_carrier | If the aircraft are VTOL-capable or helicopters, they do not need to decelerate and hence there is no such need. The arrested-recovery system has used an angled deck since the 1950s because, in case the aircraft does not catch the arresting wire, the short deck allows easier take off by reducing the number of objects between the aircraft and the end of the runway. It also has the advantage of separating the recovery operation area from the launch area. Helicopters and aircraft capable of vertical or short take-off and landing (V/STOL) usually recover by coming abreast the carrier on the port side and then using their hover capability to move over the flight deck and land vertically without the need for arresting gear. | What does the angled deck separate the recovery operation area from? | What does the angled deck separate the recovery operation area from? | [
"What does the angled deck separate the recovery operation area from?"
] | {
"text": [
"the launch area"
],
"answer_start": [
440
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21989 | 570afdc16b8089140040f68c | Aircraft_carrier | If the aircraft are VTOL-capable or helicopters, they do not need to decelerate and hence there is no such need. The arrested-recovery system has used an angled deck since the 1950s because, in case the aircraft does not catch the arresting wire, the short deck allows easier take off by reducing the number of objects between the aircraft and the end of the runway. It also has the advantage of separating the recovery operation area from the launch area. Helicopters and aircraft capable of vertical or short take-off and landing (V/STOL) usually recover by coming abreast the carrier on the port side and then using their hover capability to move over the flight deck and land vertically without the need for arresting gear. | What does V/STOL refer to? | What does V/STOL refer to? | [
"What does V/STOL refer to?"
] | {
"text": [
"aircraft capable of vertical or short take-off and landing"
],
"answer_start": [
473
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21990 | 570afdc16b8089140040f68d | Aircraft_carrier | If the aircraft are VTOL-capable or helicopters, they do not need to decelerate and hence there is no such need. The arrested-recovery system has used an angled deck since the 1950s because, in case the aircraft does not catch the arresting wire, the short deck allows easier take off by reducing the number of objects between the aircraft and the end of the runway. It also has the advantage of separating the recovery operation area from the launch area. Helicopters and aircraft capable of vertical or short take-off and landing (V/STOL) usually recover by coming abreast the carrier on the port side and then using their hover capability to move over the flight deck and land vertically without the need for arresting gear. | What capability do helicopters use to move over the flight deck and land vertically? | What capability do helicopters use to move over the flight deck and land vertically? | [
"What capability do helicopters use to move over the flight deck and land vertically?"
] | {
"text": [
"hover"
],
"answer_start": [
625
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21991 | 570afdc16b8089140040f68e | Aircraft_carrier | If the aircraft are VTOL-capable or helicopters, they do not need to decelerate and hence there is no such need. The arrested-recovery system has used an angled deck since the 1950s because, in case the aircraft does not catch the arresting wire, the short deck allows easier take off by reducing the number of objects between the aircraft and the end of the runway. It also has the advantage of separating the recovery operation area from the launch area. Helicopters and aircraft capable of vertical or short take-off and landing (V/STOL) usually recover by coming abreast the carrier on the port side and then using their hover capability to move over the flight deck and land vertically without the need for arresting gear. | What don't helicopters need because of having hover capablility? | What don't helicopters need because of having hover capablility? | [
"What don't helicopters need because of having hover capablility?"
] | {
"text": [
"arresting gear"
],
"answer_start": [
712
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21992 | 5acd7c5807355d001abf4444 | Aircraft_carrier | If the aircraft are VTOL-capable or helicopters, they do not need to decelerate and hence there is no such need. The arrested-recovery system has used an angled deck since the 1950s because, in case the aircraft does not catch the arresting wire, the short deck allows easier take off by reducing the number of objects between the aircraft and the end of the runway. It also has the advantage of separating the recovery operation area from the launch area. Helicopters and aircraft capable of vertical or short take-off and landing (V/STOL) usually recover by coming abreast the carrier on the port side and then using their hover capability to move over the flight deck and land vertically without the need for arresting gear. | What type of aircraft have no need to accelerate? | What type of aircraft have no need to accelerate? | [
"What type of aircraft have no need to accelerate?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21993 | 5acd7c5807355d001abf4445 | Aircraft_carrier | If the aircraft are VTOL-capable or helicopters, they do not need to decelerate and hence there is no such need. The arrested-recovery system has used an angled deck since the 1950s because, in case the aircraft does not catch the arresting wire, the short deck allows easier take off by reducing the number of objects between the aircraft and the end of the runway. It also has the advantage of separating the recovery operation area from the launch area. Helicopters and aircraft capable of vertical or short take-off and landing (V/STOL) usually recover by coming abreast the carrier on the port side and then using their hover capability to move over the flight deck and land vertically without the need for arresting gear. | What does the non-angled deck separate the recovery operation area from? | What does the non-angled deck separate the recovery operation area from? | [
"What does the non-angled deck separate the recovery operation area from?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21994 | 5acd7c5807355d001abf4446 | Aircraft_carrier | If the aircraft are VTOL-capable or helicopters, they do not need to decelerate and hence there is no such need. The arrested-recovery system has used an angled deck since the 1950s because, in case the aircraft does not catch the arresting wire, the short deck allows easier take off by reducing the number of objects between the aircraft and the end of the runway. It also has the advantage of separating the recovery operation area from the launch area. Helicopters and aircraft capable of vertical or short take-off and landing (V/STOL) usually recover by coming abreast the carrier on the port side and then using their hover capability to move over the flight deck and land vertically without the need for arresting gear. | What does V/STOL not refer to? | What does V/STOL not refer to? | [
"What does V/STOL not refer to?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21995 | 5acd7c5807355d001abf4447 | Aircraft_carrier | If the aircraft are VTOL-capable or helicopters, they do not need to decelerate and hence there is no such need. The arrested-recovery system has used an angled deck since the 1950s because, in case the aircraft does not catch the arresting wire, the short deck allows easier take off by reducing the number of objects between the aircraft and the end of the runway. It also has the advantage of separating the recovery operation area from the launch area. Helicopters and aircraft capable of vertical or short take-off and landing (V/STOL) usually recover by coming abreast the carrier on the port side and then using their hover capability to move over the flight deck and land vertically without the need for arresting gear. | What capability do helicopters use to move over the flight deck and land horizontally? | What capability do helicopters use to move over the flight deck and land horizontally? | [
"What capability do helicopters use to move over the flight deck and land horizontally?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21996 | 5acd7c5807355d001abf4448 | Aircraft_carrier | If the aircraft are VTOL-capable or helicopters, they do not need to decelerate and hence there is no such need. The arrested-recovery system has used an angled deck since the 1950s because, in case the aircraft does not catch the arresting wire, the short deck allows easier take off by reducing the number of objects between the aircraft and the end of the runway. It also has the advantage of separating the recovery operation area from the launch area. Helicopters and aircraft capable of vertical or short take-off and landing (V/STOL) usually recover by coming abreast the carrier on the port side and then using their hover capability to move over the flight deck and land vertically without the need for arresting gear. | What don't planes need because of having hover capablility? | What don't planes need because of having hover capablility? | [
"What don't planes need because of having hover capablility?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21997 | 570afee9ec8fbc190045b7b0 | Aircraft_carrier | The superstructure of a carrier (such as the bridge, flight control tower) are concentrated in a relatively small area called an island, a feature pioneered on the HMS Hermes in 1923. While the island is usually built on the starboard side of the fight deck, the Japanese aircraft carriers Akagi and Hiryū had their islands built on the port side. Very few carriers have been designed or built without an island. The flush deck configuration proved to have significant drawbacks, primary of which was management of the exhaust from the power plant. Fumes coming across the deck were a major issue in USS Langley. In addition, lack of an island meant difficulties managing the flight deck, performing air traffic control, a lack of radar housing placements and problems with navigating and controlling the ship itself. | What feature was pioneered on the HMS Hermes in 1923? | What feature was pioneered on the HMS Hermes in 1923? | [
"What feature was pioneered on the HMS Hermes in 1923?"
] | {
"text": [
"an island"
],
"answer_start": [
126
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21998 | 570afee9ec8fbc190045b7b1 | Aircraft_carrier | The superstructure of a carrier (such as the bridge, flight control tower) are concentrated in a relatively small area called an island, a feature pioneered on the HMS Hermes in 1923. While the island is usually built on the starboard side of the fight deck, the Japanese aircraft carriers Akagi and Hiryū had their islands built on the port side. Very few carriers have been designed or built without an island. The flush deck configuration proved to have significant drawbacks, primary of which was management of the exhaust from the power plant. Fumes coming across the deck were a major issue in USS Langley. In addition, lack of an island meant difficulties managing the flight deck, performing air traffic control, a lack of radar housing placements and problems with navigating and controlling the ship itself. | What is concentrated in the small area called an island? | What is concentrated in the small area called an island? | [
"What is concentrated in the small area called an island?"
] | {
"text": [
"The superstructure of a carrier"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21999 | 570afee9ec8fbc190045b7b2 | Aircraft_carrier | The superstructure of a carrier (such as the bridge, flight control tower) are concentrated in a relatively small area called an island, a feature pioneered on the HMS Hermes in 1923. While the island is usually built on the starboard side of the fight deck, the Japanese aircraft carriers Akagi and Hiryū had their islands built on the port side. Very few carriers have been designed or built without an island. The flush deck configuration proved to have significant drawbacks, primary of which was management of the exhaust from the power plant. Fumes coming across the deck were a major issue in USS Langley. In addition, lack of an island meant difficulties managing the flight deck, performing air traffic control, a lack of radar housing placements and problems with navigating and controlling the ship itself. | Other than Japanese carriers, which side of the flight deck are islands typically built on? | Other than Japanese carriers, which side of the flight deck are islands typically built on? | [
"Other than Japanese carriers, which side of the flight deck are islands typically built on?"
] | {
"text": [
"starboard"
],
"answer_start": [
225
]
} |
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