gem_id stringlengths 20 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 270 | target stringlengths 1 270 | references list | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-27100 | 570987baed30961900e8429d | Orthodox_Judaism | Orthodox Judaism maintains the historical understanding of Jewish identity. A Jew is someone who was born to a Jewish mother, or who converts to Judaism in accordance with Jewish law and tradition. Orthodoxy thus rejects patrilineal descent as a means of establishing Jewish identity. Similarly, Orthodoxy strongly conde... | What is intermarriage typically seen as? | What is intermarriage typically seen as? | [
"What is intermarriage typically seen as?"
] | {
"text": [
"rejection of Judaism"
],
"answer_start": [
377
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27101 | 570987baed30961900e8429e | Orthodox_Judaism | Orthodox Judaism maintains the historical understanding of Jewish identity. A Jew is someone who was born to a Jewish mother, or who converts to Judaism in accordance with Jewish law and tradition. Orthodoxy thus rejects patrilineal descent as a means of establishing Jewish identity. Similarly, Orthodoxy strongly conde... | What happens to most intermarried people in the orthodox community? | What happens to most intermarried people in the orthodox community? | [
"What happens to most intermarried people in the orthodox community?"
] | {
"text": [
"cut off"
],
"answer_start": [
441
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27102 | 5a57da44770dc0001aeefe18 | Orthodox_Judaism | Orthodox Judaism maintains the historical understanding of Jewish identity. A Jew is someone who was born to a Jewish mother, or who converts to Judaism in accordance with Jewish law and tradition. Orthodoxy thus rejects patrilineal descent as a means of establishing Jewish identity. Similarly, Orthodoxy strongly conde... | Who maintains the modern understanding of Jewish identity? | Who maintains the modern understanding of Jewish identity? | [
"Who maintains the modern understanding of Jewish identity?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27103 | 5a57da44770dc0001aeefe19 | Orthodox_Judaism | Orthodox Judaism maintains the historical understanding of Jewish identity. A Jew is someone who was born to a Jewish mother, or who converts to Judaism in accordance with Jewish law and tradition. Orthodoxy thus rejects patrilineal descent as a means of establishing Jewish identity. Similarly, Orthodoxy strongly conde... | What is a person who is born to a Jewish father considered? | What is a person who is born to a Jewish father considered? | [
"What is a person who is born to a Jewish father considered?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27104 | 5a57da44770dc0001aeefe1a | Orthodox_Judaism | Orthodox Judaism maintains the historical understanding of Jewish identity. A Jew is someone who was born to a Jewish mother, or who converts to Judaism in accordance with Jewish law and tradition. Orthodoxy thus rejects patrilineal descent as a means of establishing Jewish identity. Similarly, Orthodoxy strongly conde... | What descent by the father does Orthodoxy accept? | What descent by the father does Orthodoxy accept? | [
"What descent by the father does Orthodoxy accept?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27105 | 5a57da44770dc0001aeefe1b | Orthodox_Judaism | Orthodox Judaism maintains the historical understanding of Jewish identity. A Jew is someone who was born to a Jewish mother, or who converts to Judaism in accordance with Jewish law and tradition. Orthodoxy thus rejects patrilineal descent as a means of establishing Jewish identity. Similarly, Orthodoxy strongly conde... | What form of marriage is an acceptance of Judaism? | What form of marriage is an acceptance of Judaism? | [
"What form of marriage is an acceptance of Judaism?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27106 | 5a57da44770dc0001aeefe1c | Orthodox_Judaism | Orthodox Judaism maintains the historical understanding of Jewish identity. A Jew is someone who was born to a Jewish mother, or who converts to Judaism in accordance with Jewish law and tradition. Orthodoxy thus rejects patrilineal descent as a means of establishing Jewish identity. Similarly, Orthodoxy strongly conde... | What does the Orthodox Community avoid doing to intermarried couples? | What does the Orthodox Community avoid doing to intermarried couples? | [
"What does the Orthodox Community avoid doing to intermarried couples?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27107 | 57098875200fba1400368157 | Orthodox_Judaism | However, there is significant disagreement within Orthodox Judaism, particularly between Haredi Judaism and Modern Orthodox Judaism, about the extent and circumstances under which the proper application of Halakha should be re-examined as a result of changing realities. As a general rule, Haredi Jews believe that when ... | What do haredi Judaism and modern orthodox Judaism disagree about the application of? | What do haredi Judaism and modern orthodox Judaism disagree about the application of? | [
"What do haredi Judaism and modern orthodox Judaism disagree about the application of?"
] | {
"text": [
"Halakha"
],
"answer_start": [
206
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27108 | 57098875200fba1400368158 | Orthodox_Judaism | However, there is significant disagreement within Orthodox Judaism, particularly between Haredi Judaism and Modern Orthodox Judaism, about the extent and circumstances under which the proper application of Halakha should be re-examined as a result of changing realities. As a general rule, Haredi Jews believe that when ... | what law is halakha to the Orthodox Jew? | what law is halakha to the Orthodox Jew? | [
"what law is halakha to the Orthodox Jew?"
] | {
"text": [
"God's Law,"
],
"answer_start": [
679
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27109 | 57098875200fba1400368159 | Orthodox_Judaism | However, there is significant disagreement within Orthodox Judaism, particularly between Haredi Judaism and Modern Orthodox Judaism, about the extent and circumstances under which the proper application of Halakha should be re-examined as a result of changing realities. As a general rule, Haredi Jews believe that when ... | Basic respect for human beings is known as what? | Basic respect for human beings is known as what? | [
"Basic respect for human beings is known as what?"
] | {
"text": [
"\"Kavod Habriyot\""
],
"answer_start": [
1206
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27110 | 57098875200fba140036815a | Orthodox_Judaism | However, there is significant disagreement within Orthodox Judaism, particularly between Haredi Judaism and Modern Orthodox Judaism, about the extent and circumstances under which the proper application of Halakha should be re-examined as a result of changing realities. As a general rule, Haredi Jews believe that when ... | The sanctiy of human life is known as what? | The sanctiy of human life is known as what? | [
"The sanctiy of human life is known as what?"
] | {
"text": [
"\"Pikuach Nefesh\""
],
"answer_start": [
1257
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27111 | 57098875200fba140036815b | Orthodox_Judaism | However, there is significant disagreement within Orthodox Judaism, particularly between Haredi Judaism and Modern Orthodox Judaism, about the extent and circumstances under which the proper application of Halakha should be re-examined as a result of changing realities. As a general rule, Haredi Jews believe that when ... | What does halakha guide? | What does halakha guide? | [
"What does halakha guide?"
] | {
"text": [
"structure of daily life"
],
"answer_start": [
704
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27112 | 5a57de0e770dc0001aeefe40 | Orthodox_Judaism | However, there is significant disagreement within Orthodox Judaism, particularly between Haredi Judaism and Modern Orthodox Judaism, about the extent and circumstances under which the proper application of Halakha should be re-examined as a result of changing realities. As a general rule, Haredi Jews believe that when ... | Which groups maintain significant agreement within Orthodox Judaism about Halakha? | Which groups maintain significant agreement within Orthodox Judaism about Halakha? | [
"Which groups maintain significant agreement within Orthodox Judaism about Halakha?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27113 | 5a57de0e770dc0001aeefe41 | Orthodox_Judaism | However, there is significant disagreement within Orthodox Judaism, particularly between Haredi Judaism and Modern Orthodox Judaism, about the extent and circumstances under which the proper application of Halakha should be re-examined as a result of changing realities. As a general rule, Haredi Jews believe that when ... | Why must the Halakha never be re-examined? | Why must the Halakha never be re-examined? | [
"Why must the Halakha never be re-examined?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27114 | 5a57de0e770dc0001aeefe42 | Orthodox_Judaism | However, there is significant disagreement within Orthodox Judaism, particularly between Haredi Judaism and Modern Orthodox Judaism, about the extent and circumstances under which the proper application of Halakha should be re-examined as a result of changing realities. As a general rule, Haredi Jews believe that when ... | What are Historical Orthodox more willing to assume about changing realities? | What are Historical Orthodox more willing to assume about changing realities? | [
"What are Historical Orthodox more willing to assume about changing realities?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27115 | 5a57de0e770dc0001aeefe43 | Orthodox_Judaism | However, there is significant disagreement within Orthodox Judaism, particularly between Haredi Judaism and Modern Orthodox Judaism, about the extent and circumstances under which the proper application of Halakha should be re-examined as a result of changing realities. As a general rule, Haredi Jews believe that when ... | What is a guide to the modern day Jew? | What is a guide to the modern day Jew? | [
"What is a guide to the modern day Jew?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27116 | 5a57de0e770dc0001aeefe44 | Orthodox_Judaism | However, there is significant disagreement within Orthodox Judaism, particularly between Haredi Judaism and Modern Orthodox Judaism, about the extent and circumstances under which the proper application of Halakha should be re-examined as a result of changing realities. As a general rule, Haredi Jews believe that when ... | What principles are never in opposition with each other? | What principles are never in opposition with each other? | [
"What principles are never in opposition with each other?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27117 | 57098af9ed30961900e842cc | Orthodox_Judaism | According to Orthodox Judaism, Jewish law today is based on the commandments in the Torah, as viewed through the discussions and debates contained in classical rabbinic literature, especially the Mishnah and the Talmud. Orthodox Judaism thus holds that the halakha represents the "will of God", either directly, or as cl... | What is jewish law today based on? | What is jewish law today based on? | [
"What is jewish law today based on?"
] | {
"text": [
"Torah"
],
"answer_start": [
84
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27118 | 57098af9ed30961900e842cd | Orthodox_Judaism | According to Orthodox Judaism, Jewish law today is based on the commandments in the Torah, as viewed through the discussions and debates contained in classical rabbinic literature, especially the Mishnah and the Talmud. Orthodox Judaism thus holds that the halakha represents the "will of God", either directly, or as cl... | what does the halakha represent to orthodox judiasm? | what does the halakha represent to orthodox judiasm? | [
"what does the halakha represent to orthodox judiasm?"
] | {
"text": [
"will of God"
],
"answer_start": [
281
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27119 | 57098af9ed30961900e842ce | Orthodox_Judaism | According to Orthodox Judaism, Jewish law today is based on the commandments in the Torah, as viewed through the discussions and debates contained in classical rabbinic literature, especially the Mishnah and the Talmud. Orthodox Judaism thus holds that the halakha represents the "will of God", either directly, or as cl... | Where were the rules about the Torah revealed to Moses by God? | Where were the rules about the Torah revealed to Moses by God? | [
"Where were the rules about the Torah revealed to Moses by God?"
] | {
"text": [
"Mount Sinai"
],
"answer_start": [
453
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27120 | 57098af9ed30961900e842cf | Orthodox_Judaism | According to Orthodox Judaism, Jewish law today is based on the commandments in the Torah, as viewed through the discussions and debates contained in classical rabbinic literature, especially the Mishnah and the Talmud. Orthodox Judaism thus holds that the halakha represents the "will of God", either directly, or as cl... | How many rules are jewish law derived from? | How many rules are jewish law derived from? | [
"How many rules are jewish law derived from?"
] | {
"text": [
"13"
],
"answer_start": [
746
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27121 | 57098af9ed30961900e842d0 | Orthodox_Judaism | According to Orthodox Judaism, Jewish law today is based on the commandments in the Torah, as viewed through the discussions and debates contained in classical rabbinic literature, especially the Mishnah and the Talmud. Orthodox Judaism thus holds that the halakha represents the "will of God", either directly, or as cl... | What law is considered to be no less the word of god? | What law is considered to be no less the word of god? | [
"What law is considered to be no less the word of god?"
] | {
"text": [
"Oral Law"
],
"answer_start": [
536
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27122 | 5a57e0c4770dc0001aeefe54 | Orthodox_Judaism | According to Orthodox Judaism, Jewish law today is based on the commandments in the Torah, as viewed through the discussions and debates contained in classical rabbinic literature, especially the Mishnah and the Talmud. Orthodox Judaism thus holds that the halakha represents the "will of God", either directly, or as cl... | What is the commandments in the Torah based on according to Modern day Judaism? | What is the commandments in the Torah based on according to Modern day Judaism? | [
"What is the commandments in the Torah based on according to Modern day Judaism?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27123 | 5a57e0c4770dc0001aeefe55 | Orthodox_Judaism | According to Orthodox Judaism, Jewish law today is based on the commandments in the Torah, as viewed through the discussions and debates contained in classical rabbinic literature, especially the Mishnah and the Talmud. Orthodox Judaism thus holds that the halakha represents the "will of God", either directly, or as cl... | Which literature debated the accuracy of the commandments in the Torah? | Which literature debated the accuracy of the commandments in the Torah? | [
"Which literature debated the accuracy of the commandments in the Torah?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27124 | 5a57e0c4770dc0001aeefe56 | Orthodox_Judaism | According to Orthodox Judaism, Jewish law today is based on the commandments in the Torah, as viewed through the discussions and debates contained in classical rabbinic literature, especially the Mishnah and the Talmud. Orthodox Judaism thus holds that the halakha represents the "will of God", either directly, or as cl... | What does modern Judaism hold about the halakha? | What does modern Judaism hold about the halakha? | [
"What does modern Judaism hold about the halakha?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27125 | 5a57e0c4770dc0001aeefe57 | Orthodox_Judaism | According to Orthodox Judaism, Jewish law today is based on the commandments in the Torah, as viewed through the discussions and debates contained in classical rabbinic literature, especially the Mishnah and the Talmud. Orthodox Judaism thus holds that the halakha represents the "will of God", either directly, or as cl... | What was given to Noah on Mt. Sinai? | What was given to Noah on Mt. Sinai? | [
"What was given to Noah on Mt. Sinai?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27126 | 5a57e0c4770dc0001aeefe58 | Orthodox_Judaism | According to Orthodox Judaism, Jewish law today is based on the commandments in the Torah, as viewed through the discussions and debates contained in classical rabbinic literature, especially the Mishnah and the Talmud. Orthodox Judaism thus holds that the halakha represents the "will of God", either directly, or as cl... | Which kind of law is consider less because there is no written account? | Which kind of law is consider less because there is no written account? | [
"Which kind of law is consider less because there is no written account?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27127 | 57098bc7200fba140036817f | Orthodox_Judaism | Hasidic or Chasidic Judaism overlaps significantly with Haredi Judaism in its engagement with the secular and commercial world, and in regard to social issues. It precedes the later and differs in its genesis and emerged focus. The movement originated in Eastern Europe (what is now Belarus and Ukraine) in the 18th cent... | What overlaps significantly with Hasidic Judiasm? | What overlaps significantly with Hasidic Judiasm? | [
"What overlaps significantly with Hasidic Judiasm?"
] | {
"text": [
"Haredi Judaism"
],
"answer_start": [
56
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27128 | 57098bc7200fba1400368180 | Orthodox_Judaism | Hasidic or Chasidic Judaism overlaps significantly with Haredi Judaism in its engagement with the secular and commercial world, and in regard to social issues. It precedes the later and differs in its genesis and emerged focus. The movement originated in Eastern Europe (what is now Belarus and Ukraine) in the 18th cent... | What overlaps significantly with Haredi Judiasm? | What overlaps significantly with Haredi Judiasm? | [
"What overlaps significantly with Haredi Judiasm?"
] | {
"text": [
"Chasidic Judaism"
],
"answer_start": [
11
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27129 | 57098bc7200fba1400368181 | Orthodox_Judaism | Hasidic or Chasidic Judaism overlaps significantly with Haredi Judaism in its engagement with the secular and commercial world, and in regard to social issues. It precedes the later and differs in its genesis and emerged focus. The movement originated in Eastern Europe (what is now Belarus and Ukraine) in the 18th cent... | Who founded what is known as the Baal Shem Tov? | Who founded what is known as the Baal Shem Tov? | [
"Who founded what is known as the Baal Shem Tov?"
] | {
"text": [
"Israel ben Eliezer"
],
"answer_start": [
336
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27130 | 57098bc7200fba1400368182 | Orthodox_Judaism | Hasidic or Chasidic Judaism overlaps significantly with Haredi Judaism in its engagement with the secular and commercial world, and in regard to social issues. It precedes the later and differs in its genesis and emerged focus. The movement originated in Eastern Europe (what is now Belarus and Ukraine) in the 18th cent... | What sought to combine rigourous scholarship with more emotional mitzvah observance? | What sought to combine rigourous scholarship with more emotional mitzvah observance? | [
"What sought to combine rigourous scholarship with more emotional mitzvah observance?"
] | {
"text": [
"Ba'al Shem Tov"
],
"answer_start": [
788
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27131 | 57098bc7200fba1400368183 | Orthodox_Judaism | Hasidic or Chasidic Judaism overlaps significantly with Haredi Judaism in its engagement with the secular and commercial world, and in regard to social issues. It precedes the later and differs in its genesis and emerged focus. The movement originated in Eastern Europe (what is now Belarus and Ukraine) in the 18th cent... | What is the spoken word known as in Hasidic Judiasm? | What is the spoken word known as in Hasidic Judiasm? | [
"What is the spoken word known as in Hasidic Judiasm?"
] | {
"text": [
"Yiddish"
],
"answer_start": [
1427
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27132 | 5a57c133770dc0001aeefd52 | Orthodox_Judaism | Hasidic or Chasidic Judaism overlaps significantly with Haredi Judaism in its engagement with the secular and commercial world, and in regard to social issues. It precedes the later and differs in its genesis and emerged focus. The movement originated in Eastern Europe (what is now Belarus and Ukraine) in the 18th cent... | What two forms of Judaism have very little overlaps of beliefs? | What two forms of Judaism have very little overlaps of beliefs? | [
"What two forms of Judaism have very little overlaps of beliefs? "
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27133 | 5a57c133770dc0001aeefd53 | Orthodox_Judaism | Hasidic or Chasidic Judaism overlaps significantly with Haredi Judaism in its engagement with the secular and commercial world, and in regard to social issues. It precedes the later and differs in its genesis and emerged focus. The movement originated in Eastern Europe (what is now Belarus and Ukraine) in the 18th cent... | Which form of Judaism came before Haredi Judaism? | Which form of Judaism came before Haredi Judaism? | [
"Which form of Judaism came before Haredi Judaism?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27134 | 5a57c133770dc0001aeefd54 | Orthodox_Judaism | Hasidic or Chasidic Judaism overlaps significantly with Haredi Judaism in its engagement with the secular and commercial world, and in regard to social issues. It precedes the later and differs in its genesis and emerged focus. The movement originated in Eastern Europe (what is now Belarus and Ukraine) in the 18th cent... | What tried to separate scholarship with emotional mitzvah? | What tried to separate scholarship with emotional mitzvah? | [
"What tried to separate scholarship with emotional mitzvah? "
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27135 | 5a57c133770dc0001aeefd55 | Orthodox_Judaism | Hasidic or Chasidic Judaism overlaps significantly with Haredi Judaism in its engagement with the secular and commercial world, and in regard to social issues. It precedes the later and differs in its genesis and emerged focus. The movement originated in Eastern Europe (what is now Belarus and Ukraine) in the 18th cent... | What is the spoken word of Chasidic Judiasm? | What is the spoken word of Chasidic Judiasm? | [
"What is the spoken word of Chasidic Judiasm?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27136 | 5a57c133770dc0001aeefd56 | Orthodox_Judaism | Hasidic or Chasidic Judaism overlaps significantly with Haredi Judaism in its engagement with the secular and commercial world, and in regard to social issues. It precedes the later and differs in its genesis and emerged focus. The movement originated in Eastern Europe (what is now Belarus and Ukraine) in the 18th cent... | Who was concerned that there was too much joy in the performance of the commandments? | Who was concerned that there was too much joy in the performance of the commandments? | [
"Who was concerned that there was too much joy in the performance of the commandments?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27137 | 57098ca3ed30961900e842d6 | Orthodox_Judaism | In contrast to the general American Jewish community, which is dwindling due to low fertility and high intermarriage and assimilation rates, the Orthodox Jewish community of the United States is growing rapidly. Among Orthodox Jews, the fertility rate stands at about 4.1 children per family, as compared to 1.9 children... | What is the fertility rate among non-orthodox Jewish families?? | What is the fertility rate among non-orthodox Jewish families?? | [
"What is the fertility rate among non-orthodox Jewish families??"
] | {
"text": [
"1.9 children"
],
"answer_start": [
308
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27138 | 57098ca3ed30961900e842d7 | Orthodox_Judaism | In contrast to the general American Jewish community, which is dwindling due to low fertility and high intermarriage and assimilation rates, the Orthodox Jewish community of the United States is growing rapidly. Among Orthodox Jews, the fertility rate stands at about 4.1 children per family, as compared to 1.9 children... | What is the fertility rate among orthodox Jewish families? | What is the fertility rate among orthodox Jewish families? | [
"What is the fertility rate among orthodox Jewish families?"
] | {
"text": [
"4.1 children"
],
"answer_start": [
268
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27139 | 57098ca3ed30961900e842d8 | Orthodox_Judaism | In contrast to the general American Jewish community, which is dwindling due to low fertility and high intermarriage and assimilation rates, the Orthodox Jewish community of the United States is growing rapidly. Among Orthodox Jews, the fertility rate stands at about 4.1 children per family, as compared to 1.9 children... | What is the rate of intermarriage among orthodox Jews? | What is the rate of intermarriage among orthodox Jews? | [
"What is the rate of intermarriage among orthodox Jews?"
] | {
"text": [
"2%"
],
"answer_start": [
442
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27140 | 57098ca3ed30961900e842d9 | Orthodox_Judaism | In contrast to the general American Jewish community, which is dwindling due to low fertility and high intermarriage and assimilation rates, the Orthodox Jewish community of the United States is growing rapidly. Among Orthodox Jews, the fertility rate stands at about 4.1 children per family, as compared to 1.9 children... | What is the intermarriage rate among non-orthodox jews? | What is the intermarriage rate among non-orthodox jews? | [
"What is the intermarriage rate among non-orthodox jews?"
] | {
"text": [
"71%"
],
"answer_start": [
463
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27141 | 57098ca3ed30961900e842da | Orthodox_Judaism | In contrast to the general American Jewish community, which is dwindling due to low fertility and high intermarriage and assimilation rates, the Orthodox Jewish community of the United States is growing rapidly. Among Orthodox Jews, the fertility rate stands at about 4.1 children per family, as compared to 1.9 children... | how many raised on orthodox Jewish homes abandon orthodox Judaism typically? | how many raised on orthodox Jewish homes abandon orthodox Judaism typically? | [
"how many raised on orthodox Jewish homes abandon orthodox Judaism typically?"
] | {
"text": [
"half"
],
"answer_start": [
583
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27142 | 5a57e4aa770dc0001aeefe82 | Orthodox_Judaism | In contrast to the general American Jewish community, which is dwindling due to low fertility and high intermarriage and assimilation rates, the Orthodox Jewish community of the United States is growing rapidly. Among Orthodox Jews, the fertility rate stands at about 4.1 children per family, as compared to 1.9 children... | What is happening to Orthodox Jewish communities because of intermarriage? | What is happening to Orthodox Jewish communities because of intermarriage? | [
"What is happening to Orthodox Jewish communities because of intermarriage?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27143 | 5a57e4aa770dc0001aeefe83 | Orthodox_Judaism | In contrast to the general American Jewish community, which is dwindling due to low fertility and high intermarriage and assimilation rates, the Orthodox Jewish community of the United States is growing rapidly. Among Orthodox Jews, the fertility rate stands at about 4.1 children per family, as compared to 1.9 children... | What is the fertility rate of American Jewish communities? | What is the fertility rate of American Jewish communities? | [
"What is the fertility rate of American Jewish communities?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27144 | 5a57e4aa770dc0001aeefe84 | Orthodox_Judaism | In contrast to the general American Jewish community, which is dwindling due to low fertility and high intermarriage and assimilation rates, the Orthodox Jewish community of the United States is growing rapidly. Among Orthodox Jews, the fertility rate stands at about 4.1 children per family, as compared to 1.9 children... | Who are non-Orthodox Jews allowed to marry in order to increase fertility rates? | Who are non-Orthodox Jews allowed to marry in order to increase fertility rates? | [
"Who are non-Orthodox Jews allowed to marry in order to increase fertility rates?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27145 | 5a57e4aa770dc0001aeefe85 | Orthodox_Judaism | In contrast to the general American Jewish community, which is dwindling due to low fertility and high intermarriage and assimilation rates, the Orthodox Jewish community of the United States is growing rapidly. Among Orthodox Jews, the fertility rate stands at about 4.1 children per family, as compared to 1.9 children... | What is decreasing among Orthodox jews, according to the NY Times? | What is decreasing among Orthodox jews, according to the NY Times? | [
"What is decreasing among Orthodox jews, according to the NY Times?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27146 | 5a57e4aa770dc0001aeefe86 | Orthodox_Judaism | In contrast to the general American Jewish community, which is dwindling due to low fertility and high intermarriage and assimilation rates, the Orthodox Jewish community of the United States is growing rapidly. Among Orthodox Jews, the fertility rate stands at about 4.1 children per family, as compared to 1.9 children... | What does the NY Times claim that the rate of growth for non-Orthodox Jews will eventually mean? | What does the NY Times claim that the rate of growth for non-Orthodox Jews will eventually mean? | [
"What does the NY Times claim that the rate of growth for non-Orthodox Jews will eventually mean?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27147 | 57098d60ed30961900e842ea | Orthodox_Judaism | On the other hand, Orthodox Jews subscribing to Modern Orthodoxy in its American and UK incarnations, tend to be far more right-wing than both non-orthodox and other orthodox Jews. While the overwhelming majority of non-Orthodox American Jews are on average strongly liberal and supporters of the Democratic Party, the M... | Orthodox Jews subsciribing to modern orthodoxy tend to be what political alignment typically? | Orthodox Jews subsciribing to modern orthodoxy tend to be what political alignment typically? | [
"Orthodox Jews subsciribing to modern orthodoxy tend to be what political alignment typically?"
] | {
"text": [
"right-wing"
],
"answer_start": [
122
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27148 | 57098d60ed30961900e842eb | Orthodox_Judaism | On the other hand, Orthodox Jews subscribing to Modern Orthodoxy in its American and UK incarnations, tend to be far more right-wing than both non-orthodox and other orthodox Jews. While the overwhelming majority of non-Orthodox American Jews are on average strongly liberal and supporters of the Democratic Party, the M... | half of orthodox judiasm tends to lean to what political ideaology? | half of orthodox judiasm tends to lean to what political ideaology? | [
"half of orthodox judiasm tends to lean to what political ideaology?"
] | {
"text": [
"conservative"
],
"answer_start": [
385
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27149 | 57098d60ed30961900e842ec | Orthodox_Judaism | On the other hand, Orthodox Jews subscribing to Modern Orthodoxy in its American and UK incarnations, tend to be far more right-wing than both non-orthodox and other orthodox Jews. While the overwhelming majority of non-Orthodox American Jews are on average strongly liberal and supporters of the Democratic Party, the M... | What political party is mostly supported by orthodox jews? | What political party is mostly supported by orthodox jews? | [
"What political party is mostly supported by orthodox jews?"
] | {
"text": [
"Republican"
],
"answer_start": [
482
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27150 | 57098d60ed30961900e842ed | Orthodox_Judaism | On the other hand, Orthodox Jews subscribing to Modern Orthodoxy in its American and UK incarnations, tend to be far more right-wing than both non-orthodox and other orthodox Jews. While the overwhelming majority of non-Orthodox American Jews are on average strongly liberal and supporters of the Democratic Party, the M... | Haredi and Hasidic Jewry have a stronger connection to what country? | Haredi and Hasidic Jewry have a stronger connection to what country? | [
"Haredi and Hasidic Jewry have a stronger connection to what country?"
] | {
"text": [
"Israel"
],
"answer_start": [
659
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27151 | 57098d60ed30961900e842ee | Orthodox_Judaism | On the other hand, Orthodox Jews subscribing to Modern Orthodoxy in its American and UK incarnations, tend to be far more right-wing than both non-orthodox and other orthodox Jews. While the overwhelming majority of non-Orthodox American Jews are on average strongly liberal and supporters of the Democratic Party, the M... | Haredi and Hasidic Jewry have an attachment to what movement? | Haredi and Hasidic Jewry have an attachment to what movement? | [
"Haredi and Hasidic Jewry have an attachment to what movement?"
] | {
"text": [
"Zionism"
],
"answer_start": [
693
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27152 | 5a57e876770dc0001aeefea8 | Orthodox_Judaism | On the other hand, Orthodox Jews subscribing to Modern Orthodoxy in its American and UK incarnations, tend to be far more right-wing than both non-orthodox and other orthodox Jews. While the overwhelming majority of non-Orthodox American Jews are on average strongly liberal and supporters of the Democratic Party, the M... | Which group that subscribes to modern orthodoxy are seen to be far more left-wing than non-orthodox Jews? | Which group that subscribes to modern orthodoxy are seen to be far more left-wing than non-orthodox Jews? | [
"Which group that subscribes to modern orthodoxy are seen to be far more left-wing than non-orthodox Jews?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27153 | 5a57e876770dc0001aeefea9 | Orthodox_Judaism | On the other hand, Orthodox Jews subscribing to Modern Orthodoxy in its American and UK incarnations, tend to be far more right-wing than both non-orthodox and other orthodox Jews. While the overwhelming majority of non-Orthodox American Jews are on average strongly liberal and supporters of the Democratic Party, the M... | Which group of Jews are neither conservative or liberal? | Which group of Jews are neither conservative or liberal? | [
"Which group of Jews are neither conservative or liberal?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27154 | 5a57e876770dc0001aeefeaa | Orthodox_Judaism | On the other hand, Orthodox Jews subscribing to Modern Orthodoxy in its American and UK incarnations, tend to be far more right-wing than both non-orthodox and other orthodox Jews. While the overwhelming majority of non-Orthodox American Jews are on average strongly liberal and supporters of the Democratic Party, the M... | Which group of Jews show no supporter of either political party? | Which group of Jews show no supporter of either political party? | [
"Which group of Jews show no supporter of either political party?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27155 | 5a57e876770dc0001aeefeab | Orthodox_Judaism | On the other hand, Orthodox Jews subscribing to Modern Orthodoxy in its American and UK incarnations, tend to be far more right-wing than both non-orthodox and other orthodox Jews. While the overwhelming majority of non-Orthodox American Jews are on average strongly liberal and supporters of the Democratic Party, the M... | Which country have the Haredi and the Hasidic Jewry disowned? | Which country have the Haredi and the Hasidic Jewry disowned? | [
"Which country have the Haredi and the Hasidic Jewry disowned? "
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27156 | 5a57e876770dc0001aeefeac | Orthodox_Judaism | On the other hand, Orthodox Jews subscribing to Modern Orthodoxy in its American and UK incarnations, tend to be far more right-wing than both non-orthodox and other orthodox Jews. While the overwhelming majority of non-Orthodox American Jews are on average strongly liberal and supporters of the Democratic Party, the M... | Which movement have the Haredi and Hasidic Jewry severed ties with? | Which movement have the Haredi and Hasidic Jewry severed ties with? | [
"Which movement have the Haredi and Hasidic Jewry severed ties with?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27157 | 57098db1200fba1400368189 | Orthodox_Judaism | Modern Orthodoxy, as a stream of Orthodox Judaism represented by institutions such as the U.S. National Council for Young Israel, is pro-Zionist and thus places a high national, as well as religious, significance on the State of Israel, and its affiliates are, typically, Zionist in orientation. It also practices involv... | What does the US national council for Young Isreal represent? | What does the US national council for Young Isreal represent? | [
"What does the US national council for Young Isreal represent?"
] | {
"text": [
"Modern Orthodoxy"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27158 | 57098db1200fba140036818a | Orthodox_Judaism | Modern Orthodoxy, as a stream of Orthodox Judaism represented by institutions such as the U.S. National Council for Young Israel, is pro-Zionist and thus places a high national, as well as religious, significance on the State of Israel, and its affiliates are, typically, Zionist in orientation. It also practices involv... | What is involvement with non-orthodox Jews known as? | What is involvement with non-orthodox Jews known as? | [
"What is involvement with non-orthodox Jews known as?"
] | {
"text": [
"\"outreach (Kiruv)\""
],
"answer_start": [
369
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27159 | 57098db1200fba140036818b | Orthodox_Judaism | Modern Orthodoxy, as a stream of Orthodox Judaism represented by institutions such as the U.S. National Council for Young Israel, is pro-Zionist and thus places a high national, as well as religious, significance on the State of Israel, and its affiliates are, typically, Zionist in orientation. It also practices involv... | What is a core beliefe that was recognized as important by orthodox Jews? | What is a core beliefe that was recognized as important by orthodox Jews? | [
"What is a core beliefe that was recognized as important by orthodox Jews?"
] | {
"text": [
"secular studies"
],
"answer_start": [
544
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27160 | 57098db1200fba140036818c | Orthodox_Judaism | Modern Orthodoxy, as a stream of Orthodox Judaism represented by institutions such as the U.S. National Council for Young Israel, is pro-Zionist and thus places a high national, as well as religious, significance on the State of Israel, and its affiliates are, typically, Zionist in orientation. It also practices involv... | what is it important for both men and women orthodox jews to be able to do? | what is it important for both men and women orthodox jews to be able to do? | [
"what is it important for both men and women orthodox jews to be able to do?"
] | {
"text": [
"support oneself"
],
"answer_start": [
692
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27161 | 5a57ba54770dc0001aeefd04 | Orthodox_Judaism | Modern Orthodoxy, as a stream of Orthodox Judaism represented by institutions such as the U.S. National Council for Young Israel, is pro-Zionist and thus places a high national, as well as religious, significance on the State of Israel, and its affiliates are, typically, Zionist in orientation. It also practices involv... | What council is considered to be anti-Zionist? | What council is considered to be anti-Zionist? | [
"What council is considered to be anti-Zionist?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27162 | 5a57ba54770dc0001aeefd05 | Orthodox_Judaism | Modern Orthodoxy, as a stream of Orthodox Judaism represented by institutions such as the U.S. National Council for Young Israel, is pro-Zionist and thus places a high national, as well as religious, significance on the State of Israel, and its affiliates are, typically, Zionist in orientation. It also practices involv... | What are affiliates of the State of Israel typically not? | What are affiliates of the State of Israel typically not? | [
"What are affiliates of the State of Israel typically not?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27163 | 5a57ba54770dc0001aeefd06 | Orthodox_Judaism | Modern Orthodoxy, as a stream of Orthodox Judaism represented by institutions such as the U.S. National Council for Young Israel, is pro-Zionist and thus places a high national, as well as religious, significance on the State of Israel, and its affiliates are, typically, Zionist in orientation. It also practices involv... | Who avoids any practices with non-Orthodox Jews? | Who avoids any practices with non-Orthodox Jews? | [
"Who avoids any practices with non-Orthodox Jews?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27164 | 5a57ba54770dc0001aeefd07 | Orthodox_Judaism | Modern Orthodoxy, as a stream of Orthodox Judaism represented by institutions such as the U.S. National Council for Young Israel, is pro-Zionist and thus places a high national, as well as religious, significance on the State of Israel, and its affiliates are, typically, Zionist in orientation. It also practices involv... | What is not considered to be a core belief of Zionists? | What is not considered to be a core belief of Zionists? | [
"What is not considered to be a core belief of Zionists?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27165 | 5a57ba54770dc0001aeefd08 | Orthodox_Judaism | Modern Orthodoxy, as a stream of Orthodox Judaism represented by institutions such as the U.S. National Council for Young Israel, is pro-Zionist and thus places a high national, as well as religious, significance on the State of Israel, and its affiliates are, typically, Zionist in orientation. It also practices involv... | Who do the Jews consider to be more worthy of a higher education? | Who do the Jews consider to be more worthy of a higher education? | [
"Who do the Jews consider to be more worthy of a higher education?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27166 | 57098dbded30961900e842f4 | Orthodox_Judaism | However, the Orthodox claim to absolute fidelity to past tradition has been challenged by scholars who contend that the Judaism of the Middle Ages bore little resemblance to that practiced by today's Orthodox. Rather, the Orthodox community, as a counterreaction to the liberalism of the Haskalah movement, began to embr... | what is the name of the movement of liberalism? | what is the name of the movement of liberalism? | [
"what is the name of the movement of liberalism?"
] | {
"text": [
"Haskalah"
],
"answer_start": [
288
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27167 | 57098dbded30961900e842f5 | Orthodox_Judaism | However, the Orthodox claim to absolute fidelity to past tradition has been challenged by scholars who contend that the Judaism of the Middle Ages bore little resemblance to that practiced by today's Orthodox. Rather, the Orthodox community, as a counterreaction to the liberalism of the Haskalah movement, began to embr... | what sometimes prefers a more lenient position on Dietray laws? | what sometimes prefers a more lenient position on Dietray laws? | [
"what sometimes prefers a more lenient position on Dietray laws?"
] | {
"text": [
"Talmud"
],
"answer_start": [
541
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27168 | 57098dbded30961900e842f6 | Orthodox_Judaism | However, the Orthodox claim to absolute fidelity to past tradition has been challenged by scholars who contend that the Judaism of the Middle Ages bore little resemblance to that practiced by today's Orthodox. Rather, the Orthodox community, as a counterreaction to the liberalism of the Haskalah movement, began to embr... | previous generations typically praciced a more lenient position in regard to what? | previous generations typically praciced a more lenient position in regard to what? | [
"previous generations typically praciced a more lenient position in regard to what?"
] | {
"text": [
"dietary laws"
],
"answer_start": [
435
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27169 | 57098dbded30961900e842f7 | Orthodox_Judaism | However, the Orthodox claim to absolute fidelity to past tradition has been challenged by scholars who contend that the Judaism of the Middle Ages bore little resemblance to that practiced by today's Orthodox. Rather, the Orthodox community, as a counterreaction to the liberalism of the Haskalah movement, began to embr... | What are dietary laws known as? | What are dietary laws known as? | [
"What are dietary laws known as?"
] | {
"text": [
"halachic practices"
],
"answer_start": [
343
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27170 | 5a57a531770dc0001aeefcb2 | Orthodox_Judaism | However, the Orthodox claim to absolute fidelity to past tradition has been challenged by scholars who contend that the Judaism of the Middle Ages bore little resemblance to that practiced by today's Orthodox. Rather, the Orthodox community, as a counterreaction to the liberalism of the Haskalah movement, began to embr... | What has not been challenged by scholars? | What has not been challenged by scholars? | [
"What has not been challenged by scholars?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27171 | 5a57a531770dc0001aeefcb3 | Orthodox_Judaism | However, the Orthodox claim to absolute fidelity to past tradition has been challenged by scholars who contend that the Judaism of the Middle Ages bore little resemblance to that practiced by today's Orthodox. Rather, the Orthodox community, as a counterreaction to the liberalism of the Haskalah movement, began to embr... | What has a lot of resemblance today as it did in the middle ages? | What has a lot of resemblance today as it did in the middle ages? | [
"What has a lot of resemblance today as it did in the middle ages? "
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27172 | 5a57a531770dc0001aeefcb4 | Orthodox_Judaism | However, the Orthodox claim to absolute fidelity to past tradition has been challenged by scholars who contend that the Judaism of the Middle Ages bore little resemblance to that practiced by today's Orthodox. Rather, the Orthodox community, as a counterreaction to the liberalism of the Haskalah movement, began to embr... | What happened as a reaction to the conservatism movement? | What happened as a reaction to the conservatism movement? | [
"What happened as a reaction to the conservatism movement?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27173 | 5a57a531770dc0001aeefcb5 | Orthodox_Judaism | However, the Orthodox claim to absolute fidelity to past tradition has been challenged by scholars who contend that the Judaism of the Middle Ages bore little resemblance to that practiced by today's Orthodox. Rather, the Orthodox community, as a counterreaction to the liberalism of the Haskalah movement, began to embr... | What is not a religious requirement regarding dietary laws? | What is not a religious requirement regarding dietary laws? | [
"What is not a religious requirement regarding dietary laws?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27174 | 5a57a531770dc0001aeefcb6 | Orthodox_Judaism | However, the Orthodox claim to absolute fidelity to past tradition has been challenged by scholars who contend that the Judaism of the Middle Ages bore little resemblance to that practiced by today's Orthodox. Rather, the Orthodox community, as a counterreaction to the liberalism of the Haskalah movement, began to embr... | What explicitly prefers a more stricter position regarding Passover dietary laws? | What explicitly prefers a more stricter position regarding Passover dietary laws? | [
"What explicitly prefers a more stricter position regarding Passover dietary laws?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27175 | 57098dc3ed30961900e842fc | Orthodox_Judaism | The roots of Orthodox Judaism can be traced to the late 18th or early 19th century, when elements within German Jewry sought to reform Jewish belief and practice in the early 19th century in response to the Age of Enlightenment, Jewish Emancipation, and Haskalah. They sought to modernize education in light of contempor... | When can the roots of orthodox judaism be traced to? | When can the roots of orthodox judaism be traced to? | [
"When can the roots of orthodox judaism be traced to?"
] | {
"text": [
"19th century"
],
"answer_start": [
70
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27176 | 57098dc3ed30961900e842fd | Orthodox_Judaism | The roots of Orthodox Judaism can be traced to the late 18th or early 19th century, when elements within German Jewry sought to reform Jewish belief and practice in the early 19th century in response to the Age of Enlightenment, Jewish Emancipation, and Haskalah. They sought to modernize education in light of contempor... | When did the German Jewry seek to reform Jewish belief? | When did the German Jewry seek to reform Jewish belief? | [
"When did the German Jewry seek to reform Jewish belief?"
] | {
"text": [
"early 19th century"
],
"answer_start": [
169
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27177 | 57098dc3ed30961900e842fe | Orthodox_Judaism | The roots of Orthodox Judaism can be traced to the late 18th or early 19th century, when elements within German Jewry sought to reform Jewish belief and practice in the early 19th century in response to the Age of Enlightenment, Jewish Emancipation, and Haskalah. They sought to modernize education in light of contempor... | what did orthodox jews seek to modernize? | what did orthodox jews seek to modernize? | [
"what did orthodox jews seek to modernize?"
] | {
"text": [
"education"
],
"answer_start": [
289
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27178 | 57098dc3ed30961900e842ff | Orthodox_Judaism | The roots of Orthodox Judaism can be traced to the late 18th or early 19th century, when elements within German Jewry sought to reform Jewish belief and practice in the early 19th century in response to the Age of Enlightenment, Jewish Emancipation, and Haskalah. They sought to modernize education in light of contempor... | what did the German Jewry reject about the Torah? | what did the German Jewry reject about the Torah? | [
"what did the German Jewry reject about the Torah?"
] | {
"text": [
"absolute divine authorship"
],
"answer_start": [
365
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27179 | 5a578ab5770dc0001aeefc76 | Orthodox_Judaism | The roots of Orthodox Judaism can be traced to the late 18th or early 19th century, when elements within German Jewry sought to reform Jewish belief and practice in the early 19th century in response to the Age of Enlightenment, Jewish Emancipation, and Haskalah. They sought to modernize education in light of contempor... | Which century can the roots of Orthodox Judaism trace back to? | Which century can the roots of Orthodox Judaism trace back to? | [
"Which century can the roots of Orthodox Judaism trace back to?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27180 | 5a578ab5770dc0001aeefc77 | Orthodox_Judaism | The roots of Orthodox Judaism can be traced to the late 18th or early 19th century, when elements within German Jewry sought to reform Jewish belief and practice in the early 19th century in response to the Age of Enlightenment, Jewish Emancipation, and Haskalah. They sought to modernize education in light of contempor... | When did the Roman Jewry attempt to reform Jewish beliefs? | When did the Roman Jewry attempt to reform Jewish beliefs? | [
"When did the Roman Jewry attempt to reform Jewish beliefs?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27181 | 5a578ab5770dc0001aeefc78 | Orthodox_Judaism | The roots of Orthodox Judaism can be traced to the late 18th or early 19th century, when elements within German Jewry sought to reform Jewish belief and practice in the early 19th century in response to the Age of Enlightenment, Jewish Emancipation, and Haskalah. They sought to modernize education in light of contempor... | What did the German Jewry attempt in response to the middle ages? | What did the German Jewry attempt in response to the middle ages? | [
"What did the German Jewry attempt in response to the middle ages?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27182 | 5a578ab5770dc0001aeefc79 | Orthodox_Judaism | The roots of Orthodox Judaism can be traced to the late 18th or early 19th century, when elements within German Jewry sought to reform Jewish belief and practice in the early 19th century in response to the Age of Enlightenment, Jewish Emancipation, and Haskalah. They sought to modernize education in light of contempor... | Who made the claim that the Torah had divine authorship? | Who made the claim that the Torah had divine authorship? | [
"Who made the claim that the Torah had divine authorship?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27183 | 5a578ab5770dc0001aeefc7a | Orthodox_Judaism | The roots of Orthodox Judaism can be traced to the late 18th or early 19th century, when elements within German Jewry sought to reform Jewish belief and practice in the early 19th century in response to the Age of Enlightenment, Jewish Emancipation, and Haskalah. They sought to modernize education in light of contempor... | What part of the Torah was considered non-binding? | What part of the Torah was considered non-binding? | [
"What part of the Torah was considered non-binding?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27184 | 57098e54ed30961900e84304 | Orthodox_Judaism | Politically, Orthodox Jews, given their variety of movements and affiliations, tend not to conform easily to the standard left-right political spectrum, with one of the key differences between the movements stemming from the groups' attitudes to Zionism. Generally speaking, of the three key strands of Orthodox Judaism,... | What do orthodox Jews express ambivalence towards? | What do orthodox Jews express ambivalence towards? | [
"What do orthodox Jews express ambivalence towards?"
] | {
"text": [
"Zionism"
],
"answer_start": [
410
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27185 | 57098e54ed30961900e84305 | Orthodox_Judaism | Politically, Orthodox Jews, given their variety of movements and affiliations, tend not to conform easily to the standard left-right political spectrum, with one of the key differences between the movements stemming from the groups' attitudes to Zionism. Generally speaking, of the three key strands of Orthodox Judaism,... | What is the administration of the state of Isreal seen as? | What is the administration of the state of Isreal seen as? | [
"What is the administration of the state of Isreal seen as?"
] | {
"text": [
"Zionist"
],
"answer_start": [
633
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27186 | 57098e54ed30961900e84306 | Orthodox_Judaism | Politically, Orthodox Jews, given their variety of movements and affiliations, tend not to conform easily to the standard left-right political spectrum, with one of the key differences between the movements stemming from the groups' attitudes to Zionism. Generally speaking, of the three key strands of Orthodox Judaism,... | What does the State of Isreal place emphasis on besides Militarism? | What does the State of Isreal place emphasis on besides Militarism? | [
"What does the State of Isreal place emphasis on besides Militarism?"
] | {
"text": [
"nationalism"
],
"answer_start": [
716
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27187 | 57098e54ed30961900e84307 | Orthodox_Judaism | Politically, Orthodox Jews, given their variety of movements and affiliations, tend not to conform easily to the standard left-right political spectrum, with one of the key differences between the movements stemming from the groups' attitudes to Zionism. Generally speaking, of the three key strands of Orthodox Judaism,... | What does the State of Isreal place emphasis on in addition to Nationalism? | What does the State of Isreal place emphasis on in addition to Nationalism? | [
"What does the State of Isreal place emphasis on in addition to Nationalism?"
] | {
"text": [
"militarism"
],
"answer_start": [
701
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27188 | 57098e54ed30961900e84308 | Orthodox_Judaism | Politically, Orthodox Jews, given their variety of movements and affiliations, tend not to conform easily to the standard left-right political spectrum, with one of the key differences between the movements stemming from the groups' attitudes to Zionism. Generally speaking, of the three key strands of Orthodox Judaism,... | what is the Zionist administrartion of the state of Israel seen as according to the judaic way of life? | what is the Zionist administrartion of the state of Israel seen as according to the judaic way of life? | [
"what is the Zionist administrartion of the state of Israel seen as according to the judaic way of life?"
] | {
"text": [
"destructive"
],
"answer_start": [
732
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27189 | 5a57e635770dc0001aeefe96 | Orthodox_Judaism | Politically, Orthodox Jews, given their variety of movements and affiliations, tend not to conform easily to the standard left-right political spectrum, with one of the key differences between the movements stemming from the groups' attitudes to Zionism. Generally speaking, of the three key strands of Orthodox Judaism,... | Who is not ambivalent toward Zionism? | Who is not ambivalent toward Zionism? | [
"Who is not ambivalent toward Zionism?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27190 | 5a57e635770dc0001aeefe97 | Orthodox_Judaism | Politically, Orthodox Jews, given their variety of movements and affiliations, tend not to conform easily to the standard left-right political spectrum, with one of the key differences between the movements stemming from the groups' attitudes to Zionism. Generally speaking, of the three key strands of Orthodox Judaism,... | Which groups of Orthodox Jews are outspokenly pro-Zionistic? | Which groups of Orthodox Jews are outspokenly pro-Zionistic? | [
"Which groups of Orthodox Jews are outspokenly pro-Zionistic? "
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27191 | 5a57e635770dc0001aeefe98 | Orthodox_Judaism | Politically, Orthodox Jews, given their variety of movements and affiliations, tend not to conform easily to the standard left-right political spectrum, with one of the key differences between the movements stemming from the groups' attitudes to Zionism. Generally speaking, of the three key strands of Orthodox Judaism,... | What ideology do many Orthodox Jews see as in support of the Torah? | What ideology do many Orthodox Jews see as in support of the Torah? | [
"What ideology do many Orthodox Jews see as in support of the Torah?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27192 | 5a57e635770dc0001aeefe99 | Orthodox_Judaism | Politically, Orthodox Jews, given their variety of movements and affiliations, tend not to conform easily to the standard left-right political spectrum, with one of the key differences between the movements stemming from the groups' attitudes to Zionism. Generally speaking, of the three key strands of Orthodox Judaism,... | What do Orthodox Jews see as a benefit to the Judaic way of life? | What do Orthodox Jews see as a benefit to the Judaic way of life? | [
"What do Orthodox Jews see as a benefit to the Judaic way of life?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27193 | 5a57e635770dc0001aeefe9a | Orthodox_Judaism | Politically, Orthodox Jews, given their variety of movements and affiliations, tend not to conform easily to the standard left-right political spectrum, with one of the key differences between the movements stemming from the groups' attitudes to Zionism. Generally speaking, of the three key strands of Orthodox Judaism,... | Who is in charge of the Zionist administration? | Who is in charge of the Zionist administration? | [
"Who is in charge of the Zionist administration? "
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27194 | 57098f5ced30961900e84318 | Orthodox_Judaism | In practice, the emphasis on strictness has resulted in the rise of "homogeneous enclaves" with other haredi Jews that are less likely to be threatened by assimilation and intermarriage, or even to interact with other Jews who do not share their doctrines. Nevertheless, this strategy has proved successful and the numbe... | Tamudic schools are known as what? | Tamudic schools are known as what? | [
"Tamudic schools are known as what?"
] | {
"text": [
"yeshivot"
],
"answer_start": [
475
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27195 | 57098f5ced30961900e84319 | Orthodox_Judaism | In practice, the emphasis on strictness has resulted in the rise of "homogeneous enclaves" with other haredi Jews that are less likely to be threatened by assimilation and intermarriage, or even to interact with other Jews who do not share their doctrines. Nevertheless, this strategy has proved successful and the numbe... | what are the colleges married men study in called? | what are the colleges married men study in called? | [
"what are the colleges married men study in called?"
] | {
"text": [
"Talmudical colleges"
],
"answer_start": [
531
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27196 | 57098f5ced30961900e8431a | Orthodox_Judaism | In practice, the emphasis on strictness has resulted in the rise of "homogeneous enclaves" with other haredi Jews that are less likely to be threatened by assimilation and intermarriage, or even to interact with other Jews who do not share their doctrines. Nevertheless, this strategy has proved successful and the numbe... | Haredi and Chassidic communities are threatened by assimilation and intermarriage so they do not do what with non-orthodox populaions? | Haredi and Chassidic communities are threatened by assimilation and intermarriage so they do not do what with non-orthodox populaions? | [
"Haredi and Chassidic communities are threatened by assimilation and intermarriage so they do not do what with non-orthodox populaions?"
] | {
"text": [
"interact"
],
"answer_start": [
198
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27197 | 57098f5ced30961900e8431b | Orthodox_Judaism | In practice, the emphasis on strictness has resulted in the rise of "homogeneous enclaves" with other haredi Jews that are less likely to be threatened by assimilation and intermarriage, or even to interact with other Jews who do not share their doctrines. Nevertheless, this strategy has proved successful and the numbe... | Haredi Jews do not share what with other jewish sects? | Haredi Jews do not share what with other jewish sects? | [
"Haredi Jews do not share what with other jewish sects?"
] | {
"text": [
"doctrines"
],
"answer_start": [
246
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27198 | 5a57b2f3770dc0001aeefcde | Orthodox_Judaism | In practice, the emphasis on strictness has resulted in the rise of "homogeneous enclaves" with other haredi Jews that are less likely to be threatened by assimilation and intermarriage, or even to interact with other Jews who do not share their doctrines. Nevertheless, this strategy has proved successful and the numbe... | What resulted in the rise of heterogeneous enclaves? | What resulted in the rise of heterogeneous enclaves? | [
"What resulted in the rise of heterogeneous enclaves? "
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27199 | 5a57b2f3770dc0001aeefcdf | Orthodox_Judaism | In practice, the emphasis on strictness has resulted in the rise of "homogeneous enclaves" with other haredi Jews that are less likely to be threatened by assimilation and intermarriage, or even to interact with other Jews who do not share their doctrines. Nevertheless, this strategy has proved successful and the numbe... | Who refused to practice assimilation and intermarriage in enclaves? | Who refused to practice assimilation and intermarriage in enclaves? | [
"Who refused to practice assimilation and intermarriage in enclaves?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
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