gem_id stringlengths 20 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 270 | target stringlengths 1 270 | references list | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-32400 | 5ad2b042d7d075001a429f36 | Antarctica | During the Cambrian period, Gondwana had a mild climate. West Antarctica was partially in the Northern Hemisphere, and during this period large amounts of sandstones, limestones and shales were deposited. East Antarctica was at the equator, where sea floor invertebrates and trilobites flourished in the tropical seas. B... | What type of plants dominated the Devonian period? | What type of plants dominated the Devonian period? | [
"What type of plants dominated the Devonian period?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32401 | 570de9330b85d914000d7bb7 | Antarctica | Antarctica (US English i/æntˈɑːrktɪkə/, UK English /ænˈtɑːktɪkə/ or /ænˈtɑːtɪkə/ or /ænˈɑːtɪkə/)[Note 1] is Earth's southernmost continent, containing the geographic South Pole. It is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Sou... | What is the Earth's most southern continent? | What is the Earth's most southern continent? | [
"What is the Earth's most southern continent?"
] | {
"text": [
"Antarctica"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32402 | 570de9330b85d914000d7bb8 | Antarctica | Antarctica (US English i/æntˈɑːrktɪkə/, UK English /ænˈtɑːktɪkə/ or /ænˈtɑːtɪkə/ or /ænˈɑːtɪkə/)[Note 1] is Earth's southernmost continent, containing the geographic South Pole. It is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Sou... | Which pole is located in Antarctica? | Which pole is located in Antarctica? | [
"Which pole is located in Antarctica?"
] | {
"text": [
"South Pole"
],
"answer_start": [
166
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32403 | 570de9330b85d914000d7bb9 | Antarctica | Antarctica (US English i/æntˈɑːrktɪkə/, UK English /ænˈtɑːktɪkə/ or /ænˈtɑːtɪkə/ or /ænˈɑːtɪkə/)[Note 1] is Earth's southernmost continent, containing the geographic South Pole. It is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Sou... | What ocean surrounds Antarctica? | What ocean surrounds Antarctica? | [
"What ocean surrounds Antarctica?"
] | {
"text": [
"Southern Ocean"
],
"answer_start": [
317
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32404 | 570de9330b85d914000d7bba | Antarctica | Antarctica (US English i/æntˈɑːrktɪkə/, UK English /ænˈtɑːktɪkə/ or /ænˈtɑːtɪkə/ or /ænˈɑːtɪkə/)[Note 1] is Earth's southernmost continent, containing the geographic South Pole. It is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Sou... | What is the size of Antarctica? | What is the size of Antarctica? | [
"What is the size of Antarctica?"
] | {
"text": [
"14,000,000 square kilometres"
],
"answer_start": [
336
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32405 | 570de9330b85d914000d7bbb | Antarctica | Antarctica (US English i/æntˈɑːrktɪkə/, UK English /ænˈtɑːktɪkə/ or /ænˈtɑːtɪkə/ or /ænˈɑːtɪkə/)[Note 1] is Earth's southernmost continent, containing the geographic South Pole. It is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Sou... | How much of Antarctica is ice covered? | How much of Antarctica is ice covered? | [
"How much of Antarctica is ice covered?"
] | {
"text": [
"98%"
],
"answer_start": [
559
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32406 | 5ad20d99d7d075001a428286 | Antarctica | Antarctica (US English i/æntˈɑːrktɪkə/, UK English /ænˈtɑːktɪkə/ or /ænˈtɑːtɪkə/ or /ænˈɑːtɪkə/)[Note 1] is Earth's southernmost continent, containing the geographic South Pole. It is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Sou... | What is the earths northernmost continent? | What is the earths northernmost continent? | [
"What is the earths northernmost continent?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32407 | 5ad20d99d7d075001a428287 | Antarctica | Antarctica (US English i/æntˈɑːrktɪkə/, UK English /ænˈtɑːktɪkə/ or /ænˈtɑːtɪkə/ or /ænˈɑːtɪkə/)[Note 1] is Earth's southernmost continent, containing the geographic South Pole. It is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Sou... | What continent is almost entirely south of the Arctic Circle? | What continent is almost entirely south of the Arctic Circle? | [
"What continent is almost entirely south of the Arctic Circle?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32408 | 5ad20d99d7d075001a428288 | Antarctica | Antarctica (US English i/æntˈɑːrktɪkə/, UK English /ænˈtɑːktɪkə/ or /ænˈtɑːtɪkə/ or /ænˈɑːtɪkə/)[Note 1] is Earth's southernmost continent, containing the geographic South Pole. It is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Sou... | What Ocean does Antarctica surround? | What Ocean does Antarctica surround? | [
"What Ocean does Antarctica surround?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32409 | 5ad20d99d7d075001a428289 | Antarctica | Antarctica (US English i/æntˈɑːrktɪkə/, UK English /ænˈtɑːktɪkə/ or /ænˈtɑːtɪkə/ or /ænˈɑːtɪkə/)[Note 1] is Earth's southernmost continent, containing the geographic South Pole. It is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Sou... | What continents is Antarctica larger than? | What continents is Antarctica larger than? | [
"What continents is Antarctica larger than?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32410 | 5ad20d99d7d075001a42828a | Antarctica | Antarctica (US English i/æntˈɑːrktɪkə/, UK English /ænˈtɑːktɪkə/ or /ænˈtɑːtɪkə/ or /ænˈɑːtɪkə/)[Note 1] is Earth's southernmost continent, containing the geographic South Pole. It is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Sou... | How thick is the ice at the northernmost reaches of the Antarctic Peninsula? | How thick is the ice at the northernmost reaches of the Antarctic Peninsula? | [
"How thick is the ice at the northernmost reaches of the Antarctic Peninsula?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32411 | 5ad28f30d7d075001a429a64 | Antarctica | Antarctica (US English i/æntˈɑːrktɪkə/, UK English /ænˈtɑːktɪkə/ or /ænˈtɑːtɪkə/ or /ænˈɑːtɪkə/)[Note 1] is Earth's southernmost continent, containing the geographic South Pole. It is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Sou... | What continent is 14,000,000 square miles? | What continent is 14,000,000 square miles? | [
"What continent is 14,000,000 square miles?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32412 | 5ad28f30d7d075001a429a65 | Antarctica | Antarctica (US English i/æntˈɑːrktɪkə/, UK English /ænˈtɑːktɪkə/ or /ænˈtɑːtɪkə/ or /ænˈɑːtɪkə/)[Note 1] is Earth's southernmost continent, containing the geographic South Pole. It is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Sou... | What continents are largest after Antarctica? | What continents are largest after Antarctica? | [
"What continents are largest after Antarctica? "
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32413 | 5ad28f30d7d075001a429a66 | Antarctica | Antarctica (US English i/æntˈɑːrktɪkə/, UK English /ænˈtɑːktɪkə/ or /ænˈtɑːtɪkə/ or /ænˈɑːtɪkə/)[Note 1] is Earth's southernmost continent, containing the geographic South Pole. It is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Sou... | What continent is Australia twice the size of? | What continent is Australia twice the size of? | [
"What continent is Australia twice the size of?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32414 | 5ad28f30d7d075001a429a67 | Antarctica | Antarctica (US English i/æntˈɑːrktɪkə/, UK English /ænˈtɑːktɪkə/ or /ænˈtɑːtɪkə/ or /ænˈɑːtɪkə/)[Note 1] is Earth's southernmost continent, containing the geographic South Pole. It is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Sou... | What averages 1.9 mi in thickness? | What averages 1.9 mi in thickness? | [
"What averages 1.9 mi in thickness?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32415 | 5ad28f30d7d075001a429a68 | Antarctica | Antarctica (US English i/æntˈɑːrktɪkə/, UK English /ænˈtɑːktɪkə/ or /ænˈtɑːtɪkə/ or /ænˈɑːtɪkə/)[Note 1] is Earth's southernmost continent, containing the geographic South Pole. It is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Sou... | How much of Australia is covered by ice? | How much of Australia is covered by ice? | [
"How much of Australia is covered by ice?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32416 | 570dea9c0b85d914000d7bd3 | Antarctica | Antarctica is the coldest of Earth's continents. The coldest natural temperature ever recorded on Earth was −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F) at the Soviet (now Russian) Vostok Station in Antarctica on 21 July 1983. For comparison, this is 10.7 °C (20 °F) colder than subliming dry ice at one atmosphere of partial pressure, but sinc... | Where was the coldest temperature recorded on Earth? | Where was the coldest temperature recorded on Earth? | [
"Where was the coldest temperature recorded on Earth?"
] | {
"text": [
"Antarctica"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32417 | 570dea9c0b85d914000d7bd4 | Antarctica | Antarctica is the coldest of Earth's continents. The coldest natural temperature ever recorded on Earth was −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F) at the Soviet (now Russian) Vostok Station in Antarctica on 21 July 1983. For comparison, this is 10.7 °C (20 °F) colder than subliming dry ice at one atmosphere of partial pressure, but sinc... | What was the coldest temperature ever recorded? | What was the coldest temperature ever recorded? | [
"What was the coldest temperature ever recorded?"
] | {
"text": [
"−89.2 °C"
],
"answer_start": [
108
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32418 | 570dea9c0b85d914000d7bd5 | Antarctica | Antarctica is the coldest of Earth's continents. The coldest natural temperature ever recorded on Earth was −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F) at the Soviet (now Russian) Vostok Station in Antarctica on 21 July 1983. For comparison, this is 10.7 °C (20 °F) colder than subliming dry ice at one atmosphere of partial pressure, but sinc... | On what date was the Earth's coldest temperature recorded? | On what date was the Earth's coldest temperature recorded? | [
"On what date was the Earth's coldest temperature recorded?"
] | {
"text": [
"21 July 1983"
],
"answer_start": [
189
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32419 | 570dea9c0b85d914000d7bd6 | Antarctica | Antarctica is the coldest of Earth's continents. The coldest natural temperature ever recorded on Earth was −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F) at the Soviet (now Russian) Vostok Station in Antarctica on 21 July 1983. For comparison, this is 10.7 °C (20 °F) colder than subliming dry ice at one atmosphere of partial pressure, but sinc... | What is Antarctica topographically ? | What is Antarctica topographically ? | [
"What is Antarctica topographically ?"
] | {
"text": [
"frozen desert"
],
"answer_start": [
470
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32420 | 570dea9c0b85d914000d7bd7 | Antarctica | Antarctica is the coldest of Earth's continents. The coldest natural temperature ever recorded on Earth was −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F) at the Soviet (now Russian) Vostok Station in Antarctica on 21 July 1983. For comparison, this is 10.7 °C (20 °F) colder than subliming dry ice at one atmosphere of partial pressure, but sinc... | What light caused condition is a serious problem for humans in Antarctica? | What light caused condition is a serious problem for humans in Antarctica? | [
"What light caused condition is a serious problem for humans in Antarctica?"
] | {
"text": [
"Sunburn"
],
"answer_start": [
783
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32421 | 5ad25a9ed7d075001a428e3a | Antarctica | Antarctica is the coldest of Earth's continents. The coldest natural temperature ever recorded on Earth was −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F) at the Soviet (now Russian) Vostok Station in Antarctica on 21 July 1983. For comparison, this is 10.7 °C (20 °F) colder than subliming dry ice at one atmosphere of partial pressure, but sinc... | What is the coldest temerature recorded in Russia? | What is the coldest temerature recorded in Russia? | [
"What is the coldest temerature recorded in Russia?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32422 | 5ad25a9ed7d075001a428e3b | Antarctica | Antarctica is the coldest of Earth's continents. The coldest natural temperature ever recorded on Earth was −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F) at the Soviet (now Russian) Vostok Station in Antarctica on 21 July 1983. For comparison, this is 10.7 °C (20 °F) colder than subliming dry ice at one atmosphere of partial pressure, but sinc... | What recieves less than 10 cm of rain per year? | What recieves less than 10 cm of rain per year? | [
"What recieves less than 10 cm of rain per year?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32423 | 5ad25a9ed7d075001a428e3c | Antarctica | Antarctica is the coldest of Earth's continents. The coldest natural temperature ever recorded on Earth was −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F) at the Soviet (now Russian) Vostok Station in Antarctica on 21 July 1983. For comparison, this is 10.7 °C (20 °F) colder than subliming dry ice at one atmosphere of partial pressure, but sinc... | What relflects most of the light falling on it? | What relflects most of the light falling on it? | [
"What relflects most of the light falling on it?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32424 | 5ad2b9cdd7d075001a42a05c | Antarctica | Antarctica is the coldest of Earth's continents. The coldest natural temperature ever recorded on Earth was −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F) at the Soviet (now Russian) Vostok Station in Antarctica on 21 July 1983. For comparison, this is 10.7 °C (20 °F) colder than subliming dry ice at one atmosphere of partial pressure, but sinc... | What temperature was recorded in Russia on 21 July 1983? | What temperature was recorded in Russia on 21 July 1983? | [
"What temperature was recorded in Russia on 21 July 1983?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32425 | 5ad2b9cdd7d075001a42a05d | Antarctica | Antarctica is the coldest of Earth's continents. The coldest natural temperature ever recorded on Earth was −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F) at the Soviet (now Russian) Vostok Station in Antarctica on 21 July 1983. For comparison, this is 10.7 °C (20 °F) colder than subliming dry ice at one atmosphere of partial pressure, but sinc... | What does CO2 make up 0.39% of? | What does CO2 make up 0.39% of? | [
"What does CO2 make up 0.39% of?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32426 | 5ad2b9cdd7d075001a42a05e | Antarctica | Antarctica is the coldest of Earth's continents. The coldest natural temperature ever recorded on Earth was −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F) at the Soviet (now Russian) Vostok Station in Antarctica on 21 July 1983. For comparison, this is 10.7 °C (20 °F) colder than subliming dry ice at one atmosphere of partial pressure, but sinc... | What be produced in Antarctica with temperatures less than -150°F | What be produced in Antarctica with temperatures less than -150°F | [
"What be produced in Antarctica with temperatures less than -150°F"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32427 | 5ad2b9cdd7d075001a42a05f | Antarctica | Antarctica is the coldest of Earth's continents. The coldest natural temperature ever recorded on Earth was −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F) at the Soviet (now Russian) Vostok Station in Antarctica on 21 July 1983. For comparison, this is 10.7 °C (20 °F) colder than subliming dry ice at one atmosphere of partial pressure, but sinc... | What receives 10 inches of precipitation on average? | What receives 10 inches of precipitation on average? | [
"What receives 10 inches of precipitation on average?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32428 | 570dec460dc6ce1900204d0b | Antarctica | Aristotle wrote in his book Meteorology about an Antarctic region in c. 350 B.C. Marinus of Tyre reportedly used the name in his unpreserved world map from the 2nd century A.D. The Roman authors Hyginus and Apuleius (1–2 centuries A.D.) used for the South Pole the romanized Greek name polus antarcticus, from which deri... | Who wrote a book describing a cold region in 350 B.C.? | Who wrote a book describing a cold region in 350 B.C.? | [
"Who wrote a book describing a cold region in 350 B.C.?"
] | {
"text": [
"Aristotle"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32429 | 570dec460dc6ce1900204d0c | Antarctica | Aristotle wrote in his book Meteorology about an Antarctic region in c. 350 B.C. Marinus of Tyre reportedly used the name in his unpreserved world map from the 2nd century A.D. The Roman authors Hyginus and Apuleius (1–2 centuries A.D.) used for the South Pole the romanized Greek name polus antarcticus, from which deri... | What map maker used the name Antarctica in his map of the 2nd century A.D.? | What map maker used the name Antarctica in his map of the 2nd century A.D.? | [
"What map maker used the name Antarctica in his map of the 2nd century A.D.?"
] | {
"text": [
"Marinus of Tyre"
],
"answer_start": [
81
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32430 | 570dec460dc6ce1900204d0d | Antarctica | Aristotle wrote in his book Meteorology about an Antarctic region in c. 350 B.C. Marinus of Tyre reportedly used the name in his unpreserved world map from the 2nd century A.D. The Roman authors Hyginus and Apuleius (1–2 centuries A.D.) used for the South Pole the romanized Greek name polus antarcticus, from which deri... | What did authors Hyginus and Apuleious call the South Pole? | What did authors Hyginus and Apuleious call the South Pole? | [
"What did authors Hyginus and Apuleious call the South Pole?"
] | {
"text": [
"polus antarcticus"
],
"answer_start": [
286
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32431 | 570dec460dc6ce1900204d0e | Antarctica | Aristotle wrote in his book Meteorology about an Antarctic region in c. 350 B.C. Marinus of Tyre reportedly used the name in his unpreserved world map from the 2nd century A.D. The Roman authors Hyginus and Apuleius (1–2 centuries A.D.) used for the South Pole the romanized Greek name polus antarcticus, from which deri... | What did Chaucer call the area in 1391? | What did Chaucer call the area in 1391? | [
"What did Chaucer call the area in 1391?"
] | {
"text": [
"pol antartik"
],
"answer_start": [
432
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32432 | 570dec460dc6ce1900204d0f | Antarctica | Aristotle wrote in his book Meteorology about an Antarctic region in c. 350 B.C. Marinus of Tyre reportedly used the name in his unpreserved world map from the 2nd century A.D. The Roman authors Hyginus and Apuleius (1–2 centuries A.D.) used for the South Pole the romanized Greek name polus antarcticus, from which deri... | What was the old French words for the Antarctic? | What was the old French words for the Antarctic? | [
"What was the old French words for the Antarctic?"
] | {
"text": [
"pole antartike"
],
"answer_start": [
339
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32433 | 5ad221f5d7d075001a4284e6 | Antarctica | Aristotle wrote in his book Meteorology about an Antarctic region in c. 350 B.C. Marinus of Tyre reportedly used the name in his unpreserved world map from the 2nd century A.D. The Roman authors Hyginus and Apuleius (1–2 centuries A.D.) used for the South Pole the romanized Greek name polus antarcticus, from which deri... | Who wrote about an Antarctic region in the third century B.C? | Who wrote about an Antarctic region in the third century B.C? | [
"Who wrote about an Antarctic region in the third century B.C?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32434 | 5ad221f5d7d075001a4284e7 | Antarctica | Aristotle wrote in his book Meteorology about an Antarctic region in c. 350 B.C. Marinus of Tyre reportedly used the name in his unpreserved world map from the 2nd century A.D. The Roman authors Hyginus and Apuleius (1–2 centuries A.D.) used for the South Pole the romanized Greek name polus antarcticus, from which deri... | Who's map is still preserved from the 2nd century A.D | Who's map is still preserved from the 2nd century A.D | [
"Who's map is still preserved from the 2nd century A.D"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32435 | 5ad221f5d7d075001a4284e8 | Antarctica | Aristotle wrote in his book Meteorology about an Antarctic region in c. 350 B.C. Marinus of Tyre reportedly used the name in his unpreserved world map from the 2nd century A.D. The Roman authors Hyginus and Apuleius (1–2 centuries A.D.) used for the South Pole the romanized Greek name polus antarcticus, from which deri... | What Greek authors used the term polus anarcticus? | What Greek authors used the term polus anarcticus? | [
"What Greek authors used the term polus anarcticus?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32436 | 5ad221f5d7d075001a4284e9 | Antarctica | Aristotle wrote in his book Meteorology about an Antarctic region in c. 350 B.C. Marinus of Tyre reportedly used the name in his unpreserved world map from the 2nd century A.D. The Roman authors Hyginus and Apuleius (1–2 centuries A.D.) used for the South Pole the romanized Greek name polus antarcticus, from which deri... | Who refered to the South Pole as Antarctic Pole in the 13th century? | Who refered to the South Pole as Antarctic Pole in the 13th century? | [
"Who refered to the South Pole as Antarctic Pole in the 13th century?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32437 | 5ad221f5d7d075001a4284ea | Antarctica | Aristotle wrote in his book Meteorology about an Antarctic region in c. 350 B.C. Marinus of Tyre reportedly used the name in his unpreserved world map from the 2nd century A.D. The Roman authors Hyginus and Apuleius (1–2 centuries A.D.) used for the South Pole the romanized Greek name polus antarcticus, from which deri... | What book did Aristotle write in the 3rd century B.C. | What book did Aristotle write in the 3rd century B.C. | [
"What book did Aristotle write in the 3rd century B.C."
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32438 | 5ad2a31ad7d075001a429d38 | Antarctica | Aristotle wrote in his book Meteorology about an Antarctic region in c. 350 B.C. Marinus of Tyre reportedly used the name in his unpreserved world map from the 2nd century A.D. The Roman authors Hyginus and Apuleius (1–2 centuries A.D.) used for the South Pole the romanized Greek name polus antarcticus, from which deri... | What did Aristotle write in 530 B.C.? | What did Aristotle write in 530 B.C.? | [
"What did Aristotle write in 530 B.C.?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32439 | 5ad2a31ad7d075001a429d39 | Antarctica | Aristotle wrote in his book Meteorology about an Antarctic region in c. 350 B.C. Marinus of Tyre reportedly used the name in his unpreserved world map from the 2nd century A.D. The Roman authors Hyginus and Apuleius (1–2 centuries A.D.) used for the South Pole the romanized Greek name polus antarcticus, from which deri... | What is the Roman name for the South Pole? | What is the Roman name for the South Pole? | [
"What is the Roman name for the South Pole?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32440 | 5ad2a31ad7d075001a429d3a | Antarctica | Aristotle wrote in his book Meteorology about an Antarctic region in c. 350 B.C. Marinus of Tyre reportedly used the name in his unpreserved world map from the 2nd century A.D. The Roman authors Hyginus and Apuleius (1–2 centuries A.D.) used for the South Pole the romanized Greek name polus antarcticus, from which deri... | Who used Meteorology in his preserved world map? | Who used Meteorology in his preserved world map? | [
"Who used Meteorology in his preserved world map?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32441 | 5ad2a31ad7d075001a429d3b | Antarctica | Aristotle wrote in his book Meteorology about an Antarctic region in c. 350 B.C. Marinus of Tyre reportedly used the name in his unpreserved world map from the 2nd century A.D. The Roman authors Hyginus and Apuleius (1–2 centuries A.D.) used for the South Pole the romanized Greek name polus antarcticus, from which deri... | What did Tyre of Marinus produce? | What did Tyre of Marinus produce? | [
"What did Tyre of Marinus produce?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32442 | 570dedb80dc6ce1900204d1b | Antarctica | Some scientific studies suggest that ozone depletion may have a dominant role in governing climatic change in Antarctica (and a wider area of the Southern Hemisphere). Ozone absorbs large amounts of ultraviolet radiation in the stratosphere. Ozone depletion over Antarctica can cause a cooling of around 6 °C in the loca... | In what do some scientists believe ozone depletion may have a role ? | In what do some scientists believe ozone depletion may have a role ? | [
"In what do some scientists believe ozone depletion may have a role ?"
] | {
"text": [
"climatic change"
],
"answer_start": [
91
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32443 | 570dedb80dc6ce1900204d1c | Antarctica | Some scientific studies suggest that ozone depletion may have a dominant role in governing climatic change in Antarctica (and a wider area of the Southern Hemisphere). Ozone absorbs large amounts of ultraviolet radiation in the stratosphere. Ozone depletion over Antarctica can cause a cooling of around 6 °C in the loca... | What light does ozone absorb? | What light does ozone absorb? | [
"What light does ozone absorb?"
] | {
"text": [
"ultraviolet radiation"
],
"answer_start": [
199
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32444 | 570dedb80dc6ce1900204d1d | Antarctica | Some scientific studies suggest that ozone depletion may have a dominant role in governing climatic change in Antarctica (and a wider area of the Southern Hemisphere). Ozone absorbs large amounts of ultraviolet radiation in the stratosphere. Ozone depletion over Antarctica can cause a cooling of around 6 °C in the loca... | How much cooling can ozone depletion cause over Antarctica? | How much cooling can ozone depletion cause over Antarctica? | [
"How much cooling can ozone depletion cause over Antarctica?"
] | {
"text": [
"6 °C"
],
"answer_start": [
304
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32445 | 570dedb80dc6ce1900204d1e | Antarctica | Some scientific studies suggest that ozone depletion may have a dominant role in governing climatic change in Antarctica (and a wider area of the Southern Hemisphere). Ozone absorbs large amounts of ultraviolet radiation in the stratosphere. Ozone depletion over Antarctica can cause a cooling of around 6 °C in the loca... | What can the wind changes due to cooling cause in the Antarctic ice? | What can the wind changes due to cooling cause in the Antarctic ice? | [
"What can the wind changes due to cooling cause in the Antarctic ice?"
] | {
"text": [
"accelerated melting"
],
"answer_start": [
736
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32446 | 570dedb80dc6ce1900204d1f | Antarctica | Some scientific studies suggest that ozone depletion may have a dominant role in governing climatic change in Antarctica (and a wider area of the Southern Hemisphere). Ozone absorbs large amounts of ultraviolet radiation in the stratosphere. Ozone depletion over Antarctica can cause a cooling of around 6 °C in the loca... | What does ozone depletion cause in the southern atmosphere? | What does ozone depletion cause in the southern atmosphere? | [
"What does ozone depletion cause in the southern atmosphere?"
] | {
"text": [
"enhanced polar vortex"
],
"answer_start": [
802
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32447 | 5ad2dc64d7d075001a42a51e | Antarctica | Some scientific studies suggest that ozone depletion may have a dominant role in governing climatic change in Antarctica (and a wider area of the Southern Hemisphere). Ozone absorbs large amounts of ultraviolet radiation in the stratosphere. Ozone depletion over Antarctica can cause a cooling of around 6 °C in the loca... | What has played a dominant role in the climate change in Antarctica? | What has played a dominant role in the climate change in Antarctica? | [
"What has played a dominant role in the climate change in Antarctica? "
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32448 | 5ad2dc64d7d075001a42a51f | Antarctica | Some scientific studies suggest that ozone depletion may have a dominant role in governing climatic change in Antarctica (and a wider area of the Southern Hemisphere). Ozone absorbs large amounts of ultraviolet radiation in the stratosphere. Ozone depletion over Antarctica can cause a cooling of around 6 °C in the loca... | What can cause a cooling of around 6°C in the local air? | What can cause a cooling of around 6°C in the local air? | [
"What can cause a cooling of around 6°C in the local air?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32449 | 5ad2dc64d7d075001a42a520 | Antarctica | Some scientific studies suggest that ozone depletion may have a dominant role in governing climatic change in Antarctica (and a wider area of the Southern Hemisphere). Ozone absorbs large amounts of ultraviolet radiation in the stratosphere. Ozone depletion over Antarctica can cause a cooling of around 6 °C in the loca... | What is a pole vortex? | What is a pole vortex? | [
"What is a pole vortex?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32450 | 5ad2dc64d7d075001a42a521 | Antarctica | Some scientific studies suggest that ozone depletion may have a dominant role in governing climatic change in Antarctica (and a wider area of the Southern Hemisphere). Ozone absorbs large amounts of ultraviolet radiation in the stratosphere. Ozone depletion over Antarctica can cause a cooling of around 6 °C in the loca... | What enhanced the pole vortex? | What enhanced the pole vortex? | [
"What enhanced the pole vortex?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32451 | 570def870b85d914000d7c05 | Antarctica | Several governments maintain permanent manned research stations on the continent. The number of people conducting and supporting scientific research and other work on the continent and its nearby islands varies from about 1,000 in winter to about 5,000 in the summer, giving it a population density between 70 and 350 in... | Who has research stations in Antarctica? | Who has research stations in Antarctica? | [
"Who has research stations in Antarctica?"
] | {
"text": [
"Several governments"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32452 | 570def870b85d914000d7c06 | Antarctica | Several governments maintain permanent manned research stations on the continent. The number of people conducting and supporting scientific research and other work on the continent and its nearby islands varies from about 1,000 in winter to about 5,000 in the summer, giving it a population density between 70 and 350 in... | What is the span of population density per million square kilometers of researchers in Antarctica? | What is the span of population density per million square kilometers of researchers in Antarctica? | [
"What is the span of population density per million square kilometers of researchers in Antarctica?"
] | {
"text": [
"between 70 and 350"
],
"answer_start": [
299
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32453 | 570def870b85d914000d7c07 | Antarctica | Several governments maintain permanent manned research stations on the continent. The number of people conducting and supporting scientific research and other work on the continent and its nearby islands varies from about 1,000 in winter to about 5,000 in the summer, giving it a population density between 70 and 350 in... | About long long do researchers stay when researching in Antarctica? | About long long do researchers stay when researching in Antarctica? | [
"About long long do researchers stay when researching in Antarctica?"
] | {
"text": [
"one-year"
],
"answer_start": [
537
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32454 | 570def870b85d914000d7c08 | Antarctica | Several governments maintain permanent manned research stations on the continent. The number of people conducting and supporting scientific research and other work on the continent and its nearby islands varies from about 1,000 in winter to about 5,000 in the summer, giving it a population density between 70 and 350 in... | What station has an Orthodox church representative? | What station has an Orthodox church representative? | [
"What station has an Orthodox church representative?"
] | {
"text": [
"Bellingshausen Station"
],
"answer_start": [
623
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32455 | 570def870b85d914000d7c09 | Antarctica | Several governments maintain permanent manned research stations on the continent. The number of people conducting and supporting scientific research and other work on the continent and its nearby islands varies from about 1,000 in winter to about 5,000 in the summer, giving it a population density between 70 and 350 in... | When did the Trinity Church begin its posting at Bellinshausen station? | When did the Trinity Church begin its posting at Bellinshausen station? | [
"When did the Trinity Church begin its posting at Bellinshausen station?"
] | {
"text": [
"2004"
],
"answer_start": [
603
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32456 | 5ad25ca5d7d075001a428ec0 | Antarctica | Several governments maintain permanent manned research stations on the continent. The number of people conducting and supporting scientific research and other work on the continent and its nearby islands varies from about 1,000 in winter to about 5,000 in the summer, giving it a population density between 70 and 350 in... | Who maintains perminent settlements on the continent? | Who maintains perminent settlements on the continent? | [
"Who maintains perminent settlements on the continent?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32457 | 5ad25ca5d7d075001a428ec1 | Antarctica | Several governments maintain permanent manned research stations on the continent. The number of people conducting and supporting scientific research and other work on the continent and its nearby islands varies from about 1,000 in winter to about 5,000 in the summer, giving it a population density between 70 and 350 in... | What Antartcic Church closed in 2004? | What Antartcic Church closed in 2004? | [
"What Antartcic Church closed in 2004?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32458 | 5ad25ca5d7d075001a428ec2 | Antarctica | Several governments maintain permanent manned research stations on the continent. The number of people conducting and supporting scientific research and other work on the continent and its nearby islands varies from about 1,000 in winter to about 5,000 in the summer, giving it a population density between 70 and 350 in... | Where are there 5,000 year round residents? | Where are there 5,000 year round residents? | [
"Where are there 5,000 year round residents?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32459 | 5ad2bd17d7d075001a42a0b8 | Antarctica | Several governments maintain permanent manned research stations on the continent. The number of people conducting and supporting scientific research and other work on the continent and its nearby islands varies from about 1,000 in winter to about 5,000 in the summer, giving it a population density between 70 and 350 in... | How many people are conducting research on nearby islands in the winter? | How many people are conducting research on nearby islands in the winter? | [
"How many people are conducting research on nearby islands in the winter?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32460 | 5ad2bd17d7d075001a42a0b9 | Antarctica | Several governments maintain permanent manned research stations on the continent. The number of people conducting and supporting scientific research and other work on the continent and its nearby islands varies from about 1,000 in winter to about 5,000 in the summer, giving it a population density between 70 and 350 in... | How many people are conducting research on nearby islands in the summer? | How many people are conducting research on nearby islands in the summer? | [
"How many people are conducting research on nearby islands in the summer?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32461 | 5ad2bd17d7d075001a42a0ba | Antarctica | Several governments maintain permanent manned research stations on the continent. The number of people conducting and supporting scientific research and other work on the continent and its nearby islands varies from about 1,000 in winter to about 5,000 in the summer, giving it a population density between 70 and 350 in... | What is the population density of the surrounding islands? | What is the population density of the surrounding islands? | [
"What is the population density of the surrounding islands?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32462 | 5ad2bd17d7d075001a42a0bb | Antarctica | Several governments maintain permanent manned research stations on the continent. The number of people conducting and supporting scientific research and other work on the continent and its nearby islands varies from about 1,000 in winter to about 5,000 in the summer, giving it a population density between 70 and 350 in... | What year did Trinity Orthodox open? | What year did Trinity Orthodox open? | [
"What year did Trinity Orthodox open?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32463 | 5ad2bd17d7d075001a42a0bc | Antarctica | Several governments maintain permanent manned research stations on the continent. The number of people conducting and supporting scientific research and other work on the continent and its nearby islands varies from about 1,000 in winter to about 5,000 in the summer, giving it a population density between 70 and 350 in... | What station opened Trinity Orthodox? | What station opened Trinity Orthodox? | [
"What station opened Trinity Orthodox?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32464 | 570df1970dc6ce1900204d2d | Antarctica | Positioned asymmetrically around the South Pole and largely south of the Antarctic Circle, Antarctica is the southernmost continent and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean; alternatively, it may be considered to be surrounded by the southern Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, or by the southern waters of the World O... | What is the southern most continent? | What is the southern most continent? | [
"What is the southern most continent?"
] | {
"text": [
"Antarctica"
],
"answer_start": [
91
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32465 | 570df1970dc6ce1900204d2f | Antarctica | Positioned asymmetrically around the South Pole and largely south of the Antarctic Circle, Antarctica is the southernmost continent and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean; alternatively, it may be considered to be surrounded by the southern Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, or by the southern waters of the World O... | What is the size of Antarctica in square miles? | What is the size of Antarctica in square miles? | [
"What is the size of Antarctica in square miles?"
] | {
"text": [
"5,400,000"
],
"answer_start": [
362
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32466 | 570df1970dc6ce1900204d30 | Antarctica | Positioned asymmetrically around the South Pole and largely south of the Antarctic Circle, Antarctica is the southernmost continent and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean; alternatively, it may be considered to be surrounded by the southern Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, or by the southern waters of the World O... | What is Antarctica's ranking among the continents? | What is Antarctica's ranking among the continents? | [
"What is Antarctica's ranking among the continents?"
] | {
"text": [
"fifth-largest"
],
"answer_start": [
394
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32467 | 570df1970dc6ce1900204d31 | Antarctica | Positioned asymmetrically around the South Pole and largely south of the Antarctic Circle, Antarctica is the southernmost continent and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean; alternatively, it may be considered to be surrounded by the southern Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, or by the southern waters of the World O... | How many miles long is Antarctica's coast line? | How many miles long is Antarctica's coast line? | [
"How many miles long is Antarctica's coast line?"
] | {
"text": [
"11,165"
],
"answer_start": [
489
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32468 | 5ad2415cd7d075001a42895e | Antarctica | Positioned asymmetrically around the South Pole and largely south of the Antarctic Circle, Antarctica is the southernmost continent and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean; alternatively, it may be considered to be surrounded by the southern Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, or by the southern waters of the World O... | What continent is largely north of the Antarctic Circle? | What continent is largely north of the Antarctic Circle? | [
"What continent is largely north of the Antarctic Circle?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32469 | 5ad2415cd7d075001a42895f | Antarctica | Positioned asymmetrically around the South Pole and largely south of the Antarctic Circle, Antarctica is the southernmost continent and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean; alternatively, it may be considered to be surrounded by the southern Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, or by the southern waters of the World O... | What ocean does Antarctica surround? | What ocean does Antarctica surround? | [
"What ocean does Antarctica surround?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32470 | 5ad2415cd7d075001a428960 | Antarctica | Positioned asymmetrically around the South Pole and largely south of the Antarctic Circle, Antarctica is the southernmost continent and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean; alternatively, it may be considered to be surrounded by the southern Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, or by the southern waters of the World O... | What other oceansbesides the Southern Ocean does Antarctica surround? | What other oceansbesides the Southern Ocean does Antarctica surround? | [
"What other oceansbesides the Southern Ocean does Antarctica surround?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32471 | 5ad2415cd7d075001a428961 | Antarctica | Positioned asymmetrically around the South Pole and largely south of the Antarctic Circle, Antarctica is the southernmost continent and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean; alternatively, it may be considered to be surrounded by the southern Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, or by the southern waters of the World O... | What continent is 14,000,000 square miles? | What continent is 14,000,000 square miles? | [
"What continent is 14,000,000 square miles?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32472 | 5ad2415cd7d075001a428962 | Antarctica | Positioned asymmetrically around the South Pole and largely south of the Antarctic Circle, Antarctica is the southernmost continent and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean; alternatively, it may be considered to be surrounded by the southern Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, or by the southern waters of the World O... | What coninent is 1.3 times smaller than Europe? | What coninent is 1.3 times smaller than Europe? | [
"What coninent is 1.3 times smaller than Europe?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32473 | 5ad2ad0bd7d075001a429ebe | Antarctica | Positioned asymmetrically around the South Pole and largely south of the Antarctic Circle, Antarctica is the southernmost continent and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean; alternatively, it may be considered to be surrounded by the southern Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, or by the southern waters of the World O... | What surrounds the Southern Ocean? | What surrounds the Southern Ocean? | [
"What surrounds the Southern Ocean?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32474 | 5ad2ad0bd7d075001a429ebf | Antarctica | Positioned asymmetrically around the South Pole and largely south of the Antarctic Circle, Antarctica is the southernmost continent and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean; alternatively, it may be considered to be surrounded by the southern Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, or by the southern waters of the World O... | What continent covers more than 14,000,000 sq mi? | What continent covers more than 14,000,000 sq mi? | [
"What continent covers more than 14,000,000 sq mi?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32475 | 5ad2ad0bd7d075001a429ec0 | Antarctica | Positioned asymmetrically around the South Pole and largely south of the Antarctic Circle, Antarctica is the southernmost continent and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean; alternatively, it may be considered to be surrounded by the southern Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, or by the southern waters of the World O... | What continent is 3.1 times as large as Europe? | What continent is 3.1 times as large as Europe? | [
"What continent is 3.1 times as large as Europe?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32476 | 5ad2ad0bd7d075001a429ec1 | Antarctica | Positioned asymmetrically around the South Pole and largely south of the Antarctic Circle, Antarctica is the southernmost continent and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean; alternatively, it may be considered to be surrounded by the southern Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, or by the southern waters of the World O... | What measures 17,968 square miles? | What measures 17,968 square miles? | [
"What measures 17,968 square miles?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32477 | 5ad2ad0bd7d075001a429ec2 | Antarctica | Positioned asymmetrically around the South Pole and largely south of the Antarctic Circle, Antarctica is the southernmost continent and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean; alternatively, it may be considered to be surrounded by the southern Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, or by the southern waters of the World O... | What is positioned symmetrically around the South Pole? | What is positioned symmetrically around the South Pole? | [
"What is positioned symmetrically around the South Pole?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32478 | 570df3470dc6ce1900204d47 | Antarctica | Some species of marine animals exist and rely, directly or indirectly, on the phytoplankton. Antarctic sea life includes penguins, blue whales, orcas, colossal squids and fur seals. The emperor penguin is the only penguin that breeds during the winter in Antarctica, while the Adélie penguin breeds farther south than an... | What sea plankton doe many sea creatures rely on to live? | What sea plankton doe many sea creatures rely on to live? | [
"What sea plankton doe many sea creatures rely on to live?"
] | {
"text": [
"phytoplankton"
],
"answer_start": [
78
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32479 | 570df3470dc6ce1900204d48 | Antarctica | Some species of marine animals exist and rely, directly or indirectly, on the phytoplankton. Antarctic sea life includes penguins, blue whales, orcas, colossal squids and fur seals. The emperor penguin is the only penguin that breeds during the winter in Antarctica, while the Adélie penguin breeds farther south than an... | What breed of penguin lives in Antarctica? | What breed of penguin lives in Antarctica? | [
"What breed of penguin lives in Antarctica?"
] | {
"text": [
"emperor penguin"
],
"answer_start": [
186
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32480 | 570df3470dc6ce1900204d49 | Antarctica | Some species of marine animals exist and rely, directly or indirectly, on the phytoplankton. Antarctic sea life includes penguins, blue whales, orcas, colossal squids and fur seals. The emperor penguin is the only penguin that breeds during the winter in Antarctica, while the Adélie penguin breeds farther south than an... | During what season does the emperor penguin breed? | During what season does the emperor penguin breed? | [
"During what season does the emperor penguin breed?"
] | {
"text": [
"winter"
],
"answer_start": [
245
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32481 | 570df3470dc6ce1900204d4a | Antarctica | Some species of marine animals exist and rely, directly or indirectly, on the phytoplankton. Antarctic sea life includes penguins, blue whales, orcas, colossal squids and fur seals. The emperor penguin is the only penguin that breeds during the winter in Antarctica, while the Adélie penguin breeds farther south than an... | What feature does the rockhopper penguin have around its eyes? | What feature does the rockhopper penguin have around its eyes? | [
"What feature does the rockhopper penguin have around its eyes?"
] | {
"text": [
"feathers"
],
"answer_start": [
376
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32482 | 570df3470dc6ce1900204d4b | Antarctica | Some species of marine animals exist and rely, directly or indirectly, on the phytoplankton. Antarctic sea life includes penguins, blue whales, orcas, colossal squids and fur seals. The emperor penguin is the only penguin that breeds during the winter in Antarctica, while the Adélie penguin breeds farther south than an... | Which penguin breeds the furterest south of all the penguin breeds? | Which penguin breeds the furterest south of all the penguin breeds? | [
"Which penguin breeds the furterest south of all the penguin breeds?"
] | {
"text": [
"Adélie"
],
"answer_start": [
277
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32483 | 5ad2612bd7d075001a42900e | Antarctica | Some species of marine animals exist and rely, directly or indirectly, on the phytoplankton. Antarctic sea life includes penguins, blue whales, orcas, colossal squids and fur seals. The emperor penguin is the only penguin that breeds during the winter in Antarctica, while the Adélie penguin breeds farther south than an... | What do the phytolankton depend on? | What do the phytolankton depend on? | [
"What do the phytolankton depend on?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32484 | 5ad2612bd7d075001a42900f | Antarctica | Some species of marine animals exist and rely, directly or indirectly, on the phytoplankton. Antarctic sea life includes penguins, blue whales, orcas, colossal squids and fur seals. The emperor penguin is the only penguin that breeds during the winter in Antarctica, while the Adélie penguin breeds farther south than an... | What animals live on the continent of Antarctica? | What animals live on the continent of Antarctica? | [
"What animals live on the continent of Antarctica?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32485 | 5ad2612bd7d075001a429010 | Antarctica | Some species of marine animals exist and rely, directly or indirectly, on the phytoplankton. Antarctic sea life includes penguins, blue whales, orcas, colossal squids and fur seals. The emperor penguin is the only penguin that breeds during the winter in Antarctica, while the Adélie penguin breeds farther south than an... | What is the only penguin that breeds on Antarctica? | What is the only penguin that breeds on Antarctica? | [
"What is the only penguin that breeds on Antarctica?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32486 | 5ad2612bd7d075001a429011 | Antarctica | Some species of marine animals exist and rely, directly or indirectly, on the phytoplankton. Antarctic sea life includes penguins, blue whales, orcas, colossal squids and fur seals. The emperor penguin is the only penguin that breeds during the winter in Antarctica, while the Adélie penguin breeds farther south than an... | What penguin breeds south of Antarctica? | What penguin breeds south of Antarctica? | [
"What penguin breeds south of Antarctica?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32487 | 5ad2612bd7d075001a429012 | Antarctica | Some species of marine animals exist and rely, directly or indirectly, on the phytoplankton. Antarctic sea life includes penguins, blue whales, orcas, colossal squids and fur seals. The emperor penguin is the only penguin that breeds during the winter in Antarctica, while the Adélie penguin breeds farther south than an... | What type of feathers do king penguins have? | What type of feathers do king penguins have? | [
"What type of feathers do king penguins have?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32488 | 5ad2c2a7d7d075001a42a122 | Antarctica | Some species of marine animals exist and rely, directly or indirectly, on the phytoplankton. Antarctic sea life includes penguins, blue whales, orcas, colossal squids and fur seals. The emperor penguin is the only penguin that breeds during the winter in Antarctica, while the Adélie penguin breeds farther south than an... | What do marine animals directly rely on? | What do marine animals directly rely on? | [
"What do marine animals directly rely on?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32489 | 5ad2c2a7d7d075001a42a123 | Antarctica | Some species of marine animals exist and rely, directly or indirectly, on the phytoplankton. Antarctic sea life includes penguins, blue whales, orcas, colossal squids and fur seals. The emperor penguin is the only penguin that breeds during the winter in Antarctica, while the Adélie penguin breeds farther south than an... | What is the Adelie penguin the only one to do during winter in Antarctica? | What is the Adelie penguin the only one to do during winter in Antarctica? | [
"What is the Adelie penguin the only one to do during winter in Antarctica? "
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32490 | 5ad2c2a7d7d075001a42a124 | Antarctica | Some species of marine animals exist and rely, directly or indirectly, on the phytoplankton. Antarctic sea life includes penguins, blue whales, orcas, colossal squids and fur seals. The emperor penguin is the only penguin that breeds during the winter in Antarctica, while the Adélie penguin breeds farther south than an... | What direction does the Emperor penguin go further than any other to breed? | What direction does the Emperor penguin go further than any other to breed? | [
"What direction does the Emperor penguin go further than any other to breed?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32491 | 570df47a0dc6ce1900204d59 | Antarctica | Vinson Massif, the highest peak in Antarctica at 4,892 m (16,050 ft), is located in the Ellsworth Mountains. Antarctica contains many other mountains, on both the main continent and the surrounding islands. Mount Erebus on Ross Island is the world's southernmost active volcano. Another well-known volcano is found on De... | What is the highest peak in Antarctica? | What is the highest peak in Antarctica? | [
"What is the highest peak in Antarctica?"
] | {
"text": [
"Vinson Massif"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32492 | 570df47a0dc6ce1900204d5a | Antarctica | Vinson Massif, the highest peak in Antarctica at 4,892 m (16,050 ft), is located in the Ellsworth Mountains. Antarctica contains many other mountains, on both the main continent and the surrounding islands. Mount Erebus on Ross Island is the world's southernmost active volcano. Another well-known volcano is found on De... | How high is the Antarctic mountain Vinson Massif? | How high is the Antarctic mountain Vinson Massif? | [
"How high is the Antarctic mountain Vinson Massif?"
] | {
"text": [
"4,892 m"
],
"answer_start": [
49
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32493 | 570df47a0dc6ce1900204d5b | Antarctica | Vinson Massif, the highest peak in Antarctica at 4,892 m (16,050 ft), is located in the Ellsworth Mountains. Antarctica contains many other mountains, on both the main continent and the surrounding islands. Mount Erebus on Ross Island is the world's southernmost active volcano. Another well-known volcano is found on De... | In what mountainous area of Antarctica is Vinson Massif? | In what mountainous area of Antarctica is Vinson Massif? | [
"In what mountainous area of Antarctica is Vinson Massif?"
] | {
"text": [
"Ellsworth Mountains"
],
"answer_start": [
88
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32494 | 570df47a0dc6ce1900204d5c | Antarctica | Vinson Massif, the highest peak in Antarctica at 4,892 m (16,050 ft), is located in the Ellsworth Mountains. Antarctica contains many other mountains, on both the main continent and the surrounding islands. Mount Erebus on Ross Island is the world's southernmost active volcano. Another well-known volcano is found on De... | What is the Earth's most southern volcano? | What is the Earth's most southern volcano? | [
"What is the Earth's most southern volcano?"
] | {
"text": [
"Mount Erebus"
],
"answer_start": [
207
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32495 | 570df47a0dc6ce1900204d5d | Antarctica | Vinson Massif, the highest peak in Antarctica at 4,892 m (16,050 ft), is located in the Ellsworth Mountains. Antarctica contains many other mountains, on both the main continent and the surrounding islands. Mount Erebus on Ross Island is the world's southernmost active volcano. Another well-known volcano is found on De... | What type of volcano was located in 2004 by researchers? | What type of volcano was located in 2004 by researchers? | [
"What type of volcano was located in 2004 by researchers?"
] | {
"text": [
"underwater"
],
"answer_start": [
541
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32496 | 5ad249f8d7d075001a428bae | Antarctica | Vinson Massif, the highest peak in Antarctica at 4,892 m (16,050 ft), is located in the Ellsworth Mountains. Antarctica contains many other mountains, on both the main continent and the surrounding islands. Mount Erebus on Ross Island is the world's southernmost active volcano. Another well-known volcano is found on De... | What is the highest peak in the world? | What is the highest peak in the world? | [
"What is the highest peak in the world?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32497 | 5ad249f8d7d075001a428baf | Antarctica | Vinson Massif, the highest peak in Antarctica at 4,892 m (16,050 ft), is located in the Ellsworth Mountains. Antarctica contains many other mountains, on both the main continent and the surrounding islands. Mount Erebus on Ross Island is the world's southernmost active volcano. Another well-known volcano is found on De... | What mountains are 4,892 ft high? | What mountains are 4,892 ft high? | [
"What mountains are 4,892 ft high?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32498 | 5ad249f8d7d075001a428bb0 | Antarctica | Vinson Massif, the highest peak in Antarctica at 4,892 m (16,050 ft), is located in the Ellsworth Mountains. Antarctica contains many other mountains, on both the main continent and the surrounding islands. Mount Erebus on Ross Island is the world's southernmost active volcano. Another well-known volcano is found on De... | What is the worlds most active volcano? | What is the worlds most active volcano? | [
"What is the worlds most active volcano?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32499 | 5ad249f8d7d075001a428bb1 | Antarctica | Vinson Massif, the highest peak in Antarctica at 4,892 m (16,050 ft), is located in the Ellsworth Mountains. Antarctica contains many other mountains, on both the main continent and the surrounding islands. Mount Erebus on Ross Island is the world's southernmost active volcano. Another well-known volcano is found on De... | Wha island has the southern most volcano in the world? | Wha island has the southern most volcano in the world? | [
"Wha island has the southern most volcano in the world?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
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