gem_id stringlengths 20 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 270 | target stringlengths 1 270 | references list | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-8900 | 572833943acd2414000df6d3 | LaserDisc | During its development, MCA, which co-owned the technology, referred to it as the Optical Videodisc System, "Reflective Optical Videodisc" or "Laser Optical Videodisc", depending on the document; changing the name once in 1969 to Disco-Vision and then again in 1978 to DiscoVision (without the hyphen), which became the ... | Which three names did MCA use for LaserDisc technology during its development? | Which three names did MCA use for LaserDisc technology during its development? | [
"Which three names did MCA use for LaserDisc technology during its development?"
] | {
"text": [
"Optical Videodisc System, \"Reflective Optical Videodisc\" or \"Laser Optical Videodisc\""
],
"answer_start": [
82
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8901 | 572833943acd2414000df6d4 | LaserDisc | During its development, MCA, which co-owned the technology, referred to it as the Optical Videodisc System, "Reflective Optical Videodisc" or "Laser Optical Videodisc", depending on the document; changing the name once in 1969 to Disco-Vision and then again in 1978 to DiscoVision (without the hyphen), which became the ... | To what did MCA change the name to in 1969? | To what did MCA change the name to in 1969? | [
"To what did MCA change the name to in 1969?"
] | {
"text": [
"Disco-Vision"
],
"answer_start": [
230
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8902 | 572833943acd2414000df6d5 | LaserDisc | During its development, MCA, which co-owned the technology, referred to it as the Optical Videodisc System, "Reflective Optical Videodisc" or "Laser Optical Videodisc", depending on the document; changing the name once in 1969 to Disco-Vision and then again in 1978 to DiscoVision (without the hyphen), which became the ... | When did MCA remove the hyphen from the name Disco-Vision? | When did MCA remove the hyphen from the name Disco-Vision? | [
"When did MCA remove the hyphen from the name Disco-Vision?"
] | {
"text": [
"1978"
],
"answer_start": [
261
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8903 | 572833943acd2414000df6d6 | LaserDisc | During its development, MCA, which co-owned the technology, referred to it as the Optical Videodisc System, "Reflective Optical Videodisc" or "Laser Optical Videodisc", depending on the document; changing the name once in 1969 to Disco-Vision and then again in 1978 to DiscoVision (without the hyphen), which became the ... | Which company owned the rights to the world's largest collection of films during the 1970s? | Which company owned the rights to the world's largest collection of films during the 1970s? | [
"Which company owned the rights to the world's largest collection of films during the 1970s?"
] | {
"text": [
"MCA"
],
"answer_start": [
505
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8904 | 572833943acd2414000df6d7 | LaserDisc | During its development, MCA, which co-owned the technology, referred to it as the Optical Videodisc System, "Reflective Optical Videodisc" or "Laser Optical Videodisc", depending on the document; changing the name once in 1969 to Disco-Vision and then again in 1978 to DiscoVision (without the hyphen), which became the ... | Consumer sales of MCA films began in 1978 with what movie? | Consumer sales of MCA films began in 1978 with what movie? | [
"Consumer sales of MCA films began in 1978 with what movie?"
] | {
"text": [
"Jaws"
],
"answer_start": [
811
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8905 | 572834ffff5b5019007d9f1c | LaserDisc | Philips' preferred name for the format was "VLP", after the Dutch words Video Langspeel-Plaat ("Video long-play disc"), which in English-speaking countries stood for Video Long-Play. The first consumer player, the Magnavox VH-8000 even had the VLP logo on the player. For a while in the early and mid-1970s, Philips also... | What did VLP stand for in English-speaking countries? | What did VLP stand for in English-speaking countries? | [
"What did VLP stand for in English-speaking countries?"
] | {
"text": [
"Video Long-Play"
],
"answer_start": [
166
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8906 | 572834ffff5b5019007d9f1d | LaserDisc | Philips' preferred name for the format was "VLP", after the Dutch words Video Langspeel-Plaat ("Video long-play disc"), which in English-speaking countries stood for Video Long-Play. The first consumer player, the Magnavox VH-8000 even had the VLP logo on the player. For a while in the early and mid-1970s, Philips also... | What was the first consumer VLP player? | What was the first consumer VLP player? | [
"What was the first consumer VLP player?"
] | {
"text": [
"Magnavox VH-8000"
],
"answer_start": [
214
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8907 | 572834ffff5b5019007d9f1e | LaserDisc | Philips' preferred name for the format was "VLP", after the Dutch words Video Langspeel-Plaat ("Video long-play disc"), which in English-speaking countries stood for Video Long-Play. The first consumer player, the Magnavox VH-8000 even had the VLP logo on the player. For a while in the early and mid-1970s, Philips also... | Which group officially chose the name "Laservision"? | Which group officially chose the name "Laservision"? | [
"Which group officially chose the name \"Laservision\"?"
] | {
"text": [
"The LaserVision Association"
],
"answer_start": [
547
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8908 | 572834ffff5b5019007d9f1f | LaserDisc | Philips' preferred name for the format was "VLP", after the Dutch words Video Langspeel-Plaat ("Video long-play disc"), which in English-speaking countries stood for Video Long-Play. The first consumer player, the Magnavox VH-8000 even had the VLP logo on the player. For a while in the early and mid-1970s, Philips also... | The Laservision Association was comprised of which companies? | The Laservision Association was comprised of which companies? | [
"The Laservision Association was comprised of which companies?"
] | {
"text": [
"MCA, Universal-Pioneer, IBM, and Philips/Magnavox"
],
"answer_start": [
587
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8909 | 5728390b3acd2414000df74f | LaserDisc | Pioneer Electronics also entered the optical disc market in 1977 as a 50/50 joint-venture with MCA called Universal-Pioneer and manufacturing MCA designed industrial players under the MCA DiscoVision name (the PR-7800 and PR-7820). For the 1980 launch of the first Universal-Pioneer player, the VP-1000 was noted as a "l... | Which company joined a 50/50 partnership with MCA in 1977? | Which company joined a 50/50 partnership with MCA in 1977? | [
"Which company joined a 50/50 partnership with MCA in 1977?"
] | {
"text": [
"Pioneer Electronics"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8910 | 5728390b3acd2414000df750 | LaserDisc | Pioneer Electronics also entered the optical disc market in 1977 as a 50/50 joint-venture with MCA called Universal-Pioneer and manufacturing MCA designed industrial players under the MCA DiscoVision name (the PR-7800 and PR-7820). For the 1980 launch of the first Universal-Pioneer player, the VP-1000 was noted as a "l... | In what year was the first Universal-Pioneer player released? | In what year was the first Universal-Pioneer player released? | [
"In what year was the first Universal-Pioneer player released?"
] | {
"text": [
"1980"
],
"answer_start": [
240
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8911 | 5728390b3acd2414000df751 | LaserDisc | Pioneer Electronics also entered the optical disc market in 1977 as a 50/50 joint-venture with MCA called Universal-Pioneer and manufacturing MCA designed industrial players under the MCA DiscoVision name (the PR-7800 and PR-7820). For the 1980 launch of the first Universal-Pioneer player, the VP-1000 was noted as a "l... | What was the name of the first Universal-Pioneer player? | What was the name of the first Universal-Pioneer player? | [
"What was the name of the first Universal-Pioneer player?"
] | {
"text": [
"the VP-1000"
],
"answer_start": [
291
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8912 | 5728390b3acd2414000df752 | LaserDisc | Pioneer Electronics also entered the optical disc market in 1977 as a 50/50 joint-venture with MCA called Universal-Pioneer and manufacturing MCA designed industrial players under the MCA DiscoVision name (the PR-7800 and PR-7820). For the 1980 launch of the first Universal-Pioneer player, the VP-1000 was noted as a "l... | Which singer did an ad for the LD-700 player in 1984? | Which singer did an ad for the LD-700 player in 1984? | [
"Which singer did an ad for the LD-700 player in 1984?"
] | {
"text": [
"Ray Charles"
],
"answer_start": [
818
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8913 | 57283a6a3acd2414000df757 | LaserDisc | During the early years, MCA also manufactured discs for other companies including Paramount, Disney and Warner Bros. Some of them added their own names to the disc jacket to signify that the movie was not owned by MCA. After Discovision Associates shut down in early 1982, Universal Studio's videodisc software label, ca... | What other companies did MCA manufacture discs for? | What other companies did MCA manufacture discs for? | [
"What other companies did MCA manufacture discs for?"
] | {
"text": [
"Paramount, Disney and Warner Bros"
],
"answer_start": [
82
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8914 | 57283a6a3acd2414000df758 | LaserDisc | During the early years, MCA also manufactured discs for other companies including Paramount, Disney and Warner Bros. Some of them added their own names to the disc jacket to signify that the movie was not owned by MCA. After Discovision Associates shut down in early 1982, Universal Studio's videodisc software label, ca... | What quirk is present in MCA's release of Howard the Duck? | What quirk is present in MCA's release of Howard the Duck? | [
"What quirk is present in MCA's release of Howard the Duck?"
] | {
"text": [
"only the start credits shown in widescreen before changing to 4:3 for the rest of the film"
],
"answer_start": [
1180
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8915 | 57283a6a3acd2414000df759 | LaserDisc | During the early years, MCA also manufactured discs for other companies including Paramount, Disney and Warner Bros. Some of them added their own names to the disc jacket to signify that the movie was not owned by MCA. After Discovision Associates shut down in early 1982, Universal Studio's videodisc software label, ca... | What is unique about the LaserDisc release of E.T.? | What is unique about the LaserDisc release of E.T.? | [
"What is unique about the LaserDisc release of E.T.?"
] | {
"text": [
"only format to include the cut scene of Harrison Ford playing the part of the school headmaster"
],
"answer_start": [
1458
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8916 | 57283a6a3acd2414000df75a | LaserDisc | During the early years, MCA also manufactured discs for other companies including Paramount, Disney and Warner Bros. Some of them added their own names to the disc jacket to signify that the movie was not owned by MCA. After Discovision Associates shut down in early 1982, Universal Studio's videodisc software label, ca... | Which film is only available with its original score in LD format , even today? | Which film is only available with its original score in LD format , even today? | [
"Which film is only available with its original score in LD format , even today?"
] | {
"text": [
"The Electric Horseman"
],
"answer_start": [
893
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8917 | 57283dc84b864d19001647da | LaserDisc | LaserDisc had a number of advantages over VHS. It featured a far sharper picture with a horizontal resolution of 425 TVL lines for NTSC and 440 TVL lines for PAL discs, while VHS featured only 240 TVL lines with NTSC. It could handle analog and digital audio where VHS was mostly analog only (VHS can have PCM audio in p... | How many horizontal TVL lines did LaserDisc have in comparison to VHS's 240? | How many horizontal TVL lines did LaserDisc have in comparison to VHS's 240? | [
"How many horizontal TVL lines did LaserDisc have in comparison to VHS's 240?"
] | {
"text": [
"425"
],
"answer_start": [
113
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8918 | 57283dc84b864d19001647db | LaserDisc | LaserDisc had a number of advantages over VHS. It featured a far sharper picture with a horizontal resolution of 425 TVL lines for NTSC and 440 TVL lines for PAL discs, while VHS featured only 240 TVL lines with NTSC. It could handle analog and digital audio where VHS was mostly analog only (VHS can have PCM audio in p... | Which medium was chapter based like DVD format, Laserdisc or VHS? | Which medium was chapter based like DVD format, Laserdisc or VHS? | [
"Which medium was chapter based like DVD format, Laserdisc or VHS?"
] | {
"text": [
"LaserDisc"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8919 | 57283dc84b864d19001647dc | LaserDisc | LaserDisc had a number of advantages over VHS. It featured a far sharper picture with a horizontal resolution of 425 TVL lines for NTSC and 440 TVL lines for PAL discs, while VHS featured only 240 TVL lines with NTSC. It could handle analog and digital audio where VHS was mostly analog only (VHS can have PCM audio in p... | Which medium allowed for multiple audio tracks, Laserdisc or VHS? | Which medium allowed for multiple audio tracks, Laserdisc or VHS? | [
"Which medium allowed for multiple audio tracks, Laserdisc or VHS?"
] | {
"text": [
"LaserDisc"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8920 | 57283f892ca10214002da182 | LaserDisc | LaserDiscs were initially cheaper than videocassettes to manufacture, because they lacked the moving parts and plastic outer shell that are necessary for VHS tapes to work, and the duplication process was much simpler. A VHS cassette has at least 14 parts including the actual tape while LaserDisc has one part with five... | Were Laserdiscs initially cheaper or more costly to produce than their VHS counterparts? | Were Laserdiscs initially cheaper or more costly to produce than their VHS counterparts? | [
"Were Laserdiscs initially cheaper or more costly to produce than their VHS counterparts?"
] | {
"text": [
"cheaper"
],
"answer_start": [
26
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8921 | 57283f892ca10214002da183 | LaserDisc | LaserDiscs were initially cheaper than videocassettes to manufacture, because they lacked the moving parts and plastic outer shell that are necessary for VHS tapes to work, and the duplication process was much simpler. A VHS cassette has at least 14 parts including the actual tape while LaserDisc has one part with five... | How many parts does a VHS tape have that must be manufactured? | How many parts does a VHS tape have that must be manufactured? | [
"How many parts does a VHS tape have that must be manufactured?"
] | {
"text": [
"at least 14"
],
"answer_start": [
238
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8922 | 57283f892ca10214002da184 | LaserDisc | LaserDiscs were initially cheaper than videocassettes to manufacture, because they lacked the moving parts and plastic outer shell that are necessary for VHS tapes to work, and the duplication process was much simpler. A VHS cassette has at least 14 parts including the actual tape while LaserDisc has one part with five... | How much did LaserDiscs cost to produce by the end of the 1980s? | How much did LaserDiscs cost to produce by the end of the 1980s? | [
"How much did LaserDiscs cost to produce by the end of the 1980s?"
] | {
"text": [
"$5.00 per two-sided disc"
],
"answer_start": [
573
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8923 | 57283f892ca10214002da185 | LaserDisc | LaserDiscs were initially cheaper than videocassettes to manufacture, because they lacked the moving parts and plastic outer shell that are necessary for VHS tapes to work, and the duplication process was much simpler. A VHS cassette has at least 14 parts including the actual tape while LaserDisc has one part with five... | How much did VHS cost to produce by the 1990s? | How much did VHS cost to produce by the 1990s? | [
"How much did VHS cost to produce by the 1990s?"
] | {
"text": [
"as little as $1.00"
],
"answer_start": [
828
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8924 | 572841bd3acd2414000df7d9 | LaserDisc | LaserDiscs potentially had a much longer lifespan than videocassettes. Because the discs were read optically instead of magnetically, no physical contact needs to be made between the player and the disc, except for the player's clamp that holds the disc at its center as it is spun and read. As a result, playback would ... | Were Laserdiscs or VHS more durable in the long run? | Were Laserdiscs or VHS more durable in the long run? | [
"Were Laserdiscs or VHS more durable in the long run?"
] | {
"text": [
"LaserDiscs"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8925 | 572841bd3acd2414000df7da | LaserDisc | LaserDiscs potentially had a much longer lifespan than videocassettes. Because the discs were read optically instead of magnetically, no physical contact needs to be made between the player and the disc, except for the player's clamp that holds the disc at its center as it is spun and read. As a result, playback would ... | Why is physical contact with a VHS tape less desirable than an optical reading? | Why is physical contact with a VHS tape less desirable than an optical reading? | [
"Why is physical contact with a VHS tape less desirable than an optical reading?"
] | {
"text": [
"progressive wear with each use"
],
"answer_start": [
624
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8926 | 572841bd3acd2414000df7db | LaserDisc | LaserDiscs potentially had a much longer lifespan than videocassettes. Because the discs were read optically instead of magnetically, no physical contact needs to be made between the player and the disc, except for the player's clamp that holds the disc at its center as it is spun and read. As a result, playback would ... | Where do VHS tapes store their information? | Where do VHS tapes store their information? | [
"Where do VHS tapes store their information?"
] | {
"text": [
"magnetic coating"
],
"answer_start": [
537
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8927 | 57284314ff5b5019007da038 | LaserDisc | LaserDisc was a composite video format: the luminance (black and white) and chrominance (color) information were transmitted in one signal, separated by the receiver. While good comb filters can do so adequately, these two signals cannot be completely separated. On DVDs, data is stored in the form of digital blocks whi... | How is data stored on DVDs? | How is data stored on DVDs? | [
"How is data stored on DVDs?"
] | {
"text": [
"digital blocks which make up each independent frame"
],
"answer_start": [
302
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8928 | 57284314ff5b5019007da039 | LaserDisc | LaserDisc was a composite video format: the luminance (black and white) and chrominance (color) information were transmitted in one signal, separated by the receiver. While good comb filters can do so adequately, these two signals cannot be completely separated. On DVDs, data is stored in the form of digital blocks whi... | What device seperated the black and white and color signals in LaserDiscs? | What device seperated the black and white and color signals in LaserDiscs? | [
"What device seperated the black and white and color signals in LaserDiscs?"
] | {
"text": [
"the receiver"
],
"answer_start": [
153
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8929 | 57284314ff5b5019007da03a | LaserDisc | LaserDisc was a composite video format: the luminance (black and white) and chrominance (color) information were transmitted in one signal, separated by the receiver. While good comb filters can do so adequately, these two signals cannot be completely separated. On DVDs, data is stored in the form of digital blocks whi... | Are comb filters exact, or is some data smudged? | Are comb filters exact, or is some data smudged? | [
"Are comb filters exact, or is some data smudged?"
] | {
"text": [
"comb filters almost inevitably smudge some detail"
],
"answer_start": [
732
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8930 | 57284314ff5b5019007da03b | LaserDisc | LaserDisc was a composite video format: the luminance (black and white) and chrominance (color) information were transmitted in one signal, separated by the receiver. While good comb filters can do so adequately, these two signals cannot be completely separated. On DVDs, data is stored in the form of digital blocks whi... | In what areas are comb filters most likely to lose detail? | In what areas are comb filters most likely to lose detail? | [
"In what areas are comb filters most likely to lose detail?"
] | {
"text": [
"low-contrast details like skin tones"
],
"answer_start": [
688
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8931 | 572844d0ff5b5019007da070 | LaserDisc | In contrast to the entirely digital DVD, LaserDiscs use only analog video. As the LaserDisc format is not digitally encoded and does not make use of compression techniques, it is immune to video macroblocking (most visible as blockiness during high motion sequences) or contrast banding (subtle visible lines in gradient... | Do LaserDiscs or DVD use analog video? | Do LaserDiscs or DVD use analog video? | [
"Do LaserDiscs or DVD use analog video?"
] | {
"text": [
"LaserDiscs"
],
"answer_start": [
41
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8932 | 572844d0ff5b5019007da071 | LaserDisc | In contrast to the entirely digital DVD, LaserDiscs use only analog video. As the LaserDisc format is not digitally encoded and does not make use of compression techniques, it is immune to video macroblocking (most visible as blockiness during high motion sequences) or contrast banding (subtle visible lines in gradient... | Are DVDs partially or entirely digital? | Are DVDs partially or entirely digital? | [
"Are DVDs partially or entirely digital?"
] | {
"text": [
"entirely"
],
"answer_start": [
19
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8933 | 572844d0ff5b5019007da072 | LaserDisc | In contrast to the entirely digital DVD, LaserDiscs use only analog video. As the LaserDisc format is not digitally encoded and does not make use of compression techniques, it is immune to video macroblocking (most visible as blockiness during high motion sequences) or contrast banding (subtle visible lines in gradient... | What is contrast banding? | What is contrast banding? | [
"What is contrast banding?"
] | {
"text": [
"subtle visible lines in gradient areas"
],
"answer_start": [
288
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8934 | 572844d0ff5b5019007da073 | LaserDisc | In contrast to the entirely digital DVD, LaserDiscs use only analog video. As the LaserDisc format is not digitally encoded and does not make use of compression techniques, it is immune to video macroblocking (most visible as blockiness during high motion sequences) or contrast banding (subtle visible lines in gradient... | What step of the DVD production process causes contrast banding? | What step of the DVD production process causes contrast banding? | [
"What step of the DVD production process causes contrast banding?"
] | {
"text": [
"MPEG-2 encoding process"
],
"answer_start": [
427
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8935 | 57284672ff5b5019007da0b2 | LaserDisc | LaserDisc players can provide a great degree of control over the playback process. Unlike many DVD players, the transport mechanism always obeys commands from the user: pause, fast-forward, and fast-reverse commands are always accepted (barring, of course, malfunctions). There were no "User Prohibited Options" where co... | How does LaserDisc operation vary from DVD? | How does LaserDisc operation vary from DVD? | [
"How does LaserDisc operation vary from DVD?"
] | {
"text": [
"the transport mechanism always obeys commands from the user"
],
"answer_start": [
108
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8936 | 57284672ff5b5019007da0b3 | LaserDisc | LaserDisc players can provide a great degree of control over the playback process. Unlike many DVD players, the transport mechanism always obeys commands from the user: pause, fast-forward, and fast-reverse commands are always accepted (barring, of course, malfunctions). There were no "User Prohibited Options" where co... | What are "User Protected Options" on DVDs? | What are "User Protected Options" on DVDs? | [
"What are \"User Protected Options\" on DVDs?"
] | {
"text": [
"where content protection code instructs the player to refuse commands to skip a specific part"
],
"answer_start": [
312
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8937 | 57284672ff5b5019007da0b4 | LaserDisc | LaserDisc players can provide a great degree of control over the playback process. Unlike many DVD players, the transport mechanism always obeys commands from the user: pause, fast-forward, and fast-reverse commands are always accepted (barring, of course, malfunctions). There were no "User Prohibited Options" where co... | Where are User Protected Options commonly found on DVDs? | Where are User Protected Options commonly found on DVDs? | [
"Where are User Protected Options commonly found on DVDs?"
] | {
"text": [
"copyright warnings"
],
"answer_start": [
439
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8938 | 57284672ff5b5019007da0b5 | LaserDisc | LaserDisc players can provide a great degree of control over the playback process. Unlike many DVD players, the transport mechanism always obeys commands from the user: pause, fast-forward, and fast-reverse commands are always accepted (barring, of course, malfunctions). There were no "User Prohibited Options" where co... | Which format, LaserDisc or DVD, gives the user the most control over playback? | Which format, LaserDisc or DVD, gives the user the most control over playback? | [
"Which format, LaserDisc or DVD, gives the user the most control over playback?"
] | {
"text": [
"LaserDisc"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8939 | 572847713acd2414000df863 | LaserDisc | Damaged spots on a LaserDisc can be played through or skipped over, while a DVD will often become unplayable past the damage. Some newer DVD players feature a repair+skip algorithm, which alleviates this problem by continuing to play the disc, filling in unreadable areas of the picture with blank space or a frozen fram... | What does the repair+skip feature on newer DVD players do? | What does the repair+skip feature on newer DVD players do? | [
"What does the repair+skip feature on newer DVD players do?"
] | {
"text": [
"filling in unreadable areas of the picture with blank space or a frozen frame of the last readable image and sound"
],
"answer_start": [
244
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8940 | 572847713acd2414000df864 | LaserDisc | Damaged spots on a LaserDisc can be played through or skipped over, while a DVD will often become unplayable past the damage. Some newer DVD players feature a repair+skip algorithm, which alleviates this problem by continuing to play the disc, filling in unreadable areas of the picture with blank space or a frozen fram... | Which format, DVD or Laserdisc, can become unreadable with damage? | Which format, DVD or Laserdisc, can become unreadable with damage? | [
"Which format, DVD or Laserdisc, can become unreadable with damage?"
] | {
"text": [
"DVD"
],
"answer_start": [
778
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8941 | 572847713acd2414000df865 | LaserDisc | Damaged spots on a LaserDisc can be played through or skipped over, while a DVD will often become unplayable past the damage. Some newer DVD players feature a repair+skip algorithm, which alleviates this problem by continuing to play the disc, filling in unreadable areas of the picture with blank space or a frozen fram... | Will the same size scratch cause more problems for a DVD or LaserDisc? | Will the same size scratch cause more problems for a DVD or LaserDisc? | [
"Will the same size scratch cause more problems for a DVD or LaserDisc?"
] | {
"text": [
"DVD"
],
"answer_start": [
508
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8942 | 572848e94b864d19001648c4 | LaserDisc | Similar to the CD versus LP sound quality debates common in the audiophile community, some videophiles argue that LaserDisc maintains a "smoother", more "film-like", natural image while DVD still looks slightly more artificial. Early DVD demo discs often had compression or encoding problems, lending additional support ... | Which format is considered to look most realistic, LaserDisc or DVD? | Which format is considered to look most realistic, LaserDisc or DVD? | [
"Which format is considered to look most realistic, LaserDisc or DVD?"
] | {
"text": [
"LaserDisc"
],
"answer_start": [
114
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8943 | 572848e94b864d19001648c5 | LaserDisc | Similar to the CD versus LP sound quality debates common in the audiophile community, some videophiles argue that LaserDisc maintains a "smoother", more "film-like", natural image while DVD still looks slightly more artificial. Early DVD demo discs often had compression or encoding problems, lending additional support ... | Which format, LaserDisc or DVD, is said to appear sharper and clearer to most viewers? | Which format, LaserDisc or DVD, is said to appear sharper and clearer to most viewers? | [
"Which format, LaserDisc or DVD, is said to appear sharper and clearer to most viewers?"
] | {
"text": [
"DVDs"
],
"answer_start": [
465
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8944 | 572848e94b864d19001648c6 | LaserDisc | Similar to the CD versus LP sound quality debates common in the audiophile community, some videophiles argue that LaserDisc maintains a "smoother", more "film-like", natural image while DVD still looks slightly more artificial. Early DVD demo discs often had compression or encoding problems, lending additional support ... | What features do LaserDiscs lack in, causing DVDs to appear sharper and clearer? | What features do LaserDiscs lack in, causing DVDs to appear sharper and clearer? | [
"What features do LaserDiscs lack in, causing DVDs to appear sharper and clearer?"
] | {
"text": [
"video signal-to-noise ratio and bandwidth"
],
"answer_start": [
361
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8945 | 57284a1b4b864d19001648ca | LaserDisc | Another advantage, at least to some consumers, was the lack of any sort of anti-piracy technology. It was claimed that Macrovision's Copyguard protection could not be applied to LaserDisc, due to the format's design. The vertical blanking interval, where the Macrovision signal would be implemented, was also used for th... | What was the vertical blanking interval used for in LaserDiscs, preventing Macrovision signal to be implemented? | What was the vertical blanking interval used for in LaserDiscs, preventing Macrovision signal to be implemented? | [
"What was the vertical blanking interval used for in LaserDiscs, preventing Macrovision signal to be implemented?"
] | {
"text": [
"internal timing"
],
"answer_start": [
322
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8946 | 57284a1b4b864d19001648cb | LaserDisc | Another advantage, at least to some consumers, was the lack of any sort of anti-piracy technology. It was claimed that Macrovision's Copyguard protection could not be applied to LaserDisc, due to the format's design. The vertical blanking interval, where the Macrovision signal would be implemented, was also used for th... | Why wasn't there a need to redesign the LaserDisc format to prevent piracy? | Why wasn't there a need to redesign the LaserDisc format to prevent piracy? | [
"Why wasn't there a need to redesign the LaserDisc format to prevent piracy?"
] | {
"text": [
"relatively small market share"
],
"answer_start": [
512
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8947 | 57284a1b4b864d19001648cc | LaserDisc | Another advantage, at least to some consumers, was the lack of any sort of anti-piracy technology. It was claimed that Macrovision's Copyguard protection could not be applied to LaserDisc, due to the format's design. The vertical blanking interval, where the Macrovision signal would be implemented, was also used for th... | What protection could not be applied to LaserDiscs, making them prone to piracy? | What protection could not be applied to LaserDiscs, making them prone to piracy? | [
"What protection could not be applied to LaserDiscs, making them prone to piracy?"
] | {
"text": [
"Macrovision's Copyguard protection"
],
"answer_start": [
119
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8948 | 57284b0c4b864d19001648da | LaserDisc | LaserDisc's support for multiple audio tracks allowed for vast supplemental materials to be included on-disc and made it the first available format for "Special Edition" releases; the 1984 Criterion Collection edition of Citizen Kane is generally credited as being the first "Special Edition" release to home video,[cita... | LaserDisc was the first format to provide what type of releases to consumers? | LaserDisc was the first format to provide what type of releases to consumers? | [
"LaserDisc was the first format to provide what type of releases to consumers?"
] | {
"text": [
"\"Special Edition\""
],
"answer_start": [
152
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8949 | 57284b0c4b864d19001648db | LaserDisc | LaserDisc's support for multiple audio tracks allowed for vast supplemental materials to be included on-disc and made it the first available format for "Special Edition" releases; the 1984 Criterion Collection edition of Citizen Kane is generally credited as being the first "Special Edition" release to home video,[cita... | What was the first "Special Edition" film to be released to home video? | What was the first "Special Edition" film to be released to home video? | [
"What was the first \"Special Edition\" film to be released to home video?"
] | {
"text": [
"the 1984 Criterion Collection edition of Citizen Kane"
],
"answer_start": [
180
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8950 | 57284b0c4b864d19001648dc | LaserDisc | LaserDisc's support for multiple audio tracks allowed for vast supplemental materials to be included on-disc and made it the first available format for "Special Edition" releases; the 1984 Criterion Collection edition of Citizen Kane is generally credited as being the first "Special Edition" release to home video,[cita... | What bonus features were available on the first home video "Special Edition"? | What bonus features were available on the first home video "Special Edition"? | [
"What bonus features were available on the first home video \"Special Edition\"?"
] | {
"text": [
"interviews, commentary tracks, documentaries, still photographs"
],
"answer_start": [
420
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8951 | 57284b0c4b864d19001648dd | LaserDisc | LaserDisc's support for multiple audio tracks allowed for vast supplemental materials to be included on-disc and made it the first available format for "Special Edition" releases; the 1984 Criterion Collection edition of Citizen Kane is generally credited as being the first "Special Edition" release to home video,[cita... | What feature, unique to LaserDisc, made bonus content possible? | What feature, unique to LaserDisc, made bonus content possible? | [
"What feature, unique to LaserDisc, made bonus content possible?"
] | {
"text": [
"support for multiple audio tracks"
],
"answer_start": [
12
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8952 | 57284d94ff5b5019007da136 | LaserDisc | The space-consuming analog video signal of a LaserDisc limited playback duration to 30 minutes (CAV) or 60 minutes (CLV) per side because of the hardware manufacturer's refusal to reduce line count for increased playtime. After one side was finished playing, a disc has to be flipped over in order to continue watching a... | What was required of a LaserDisc to continue playback after 60 minutes? | What was required of a LaserDisc to continue playback after 60 minutes? | [
"What was required of a LaserDisc to continue playback after 60 minutes?"
] | {
"text": [
"a disc has to be flipped over in order to continue watching"
],
"answer_start": [
259
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8953 | 57284d94ff5b5019007da137 | LaserDisc | The space-consuming analog video signal of a LaserDisc limited playback duration to 30 minutes (CAV) or 60 minutes (CLV) per side because of the hardware manufacturer's refusal to reduce line count for increased playtime. After one side was finished playing, a disc has to be flipped over in order to continue watching a... | Which LaserDisc player solves the disc switching dilemma? | Which LaserDisc player solves the disc switching dilemma? | [
"Which LaserDisc player solves the disc switching dilemma?"
] | {
"text": [
"Pioneer LD-W1"
],
"answer_start": [
784
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8954 | 57284d94ff5b5019007da138 | LaserDisc | The space-consuming analog video signal of a LaserDisc limited playback duration to 30 minutes (CAV) or 60 minutes (CLV) per side because of the hardware manufacturer's refusal to reduce line count for increased playtime. After one side was finished playing, a disc has to be flipped over in order to continue watching a... | What must be reduced in order to allow LaserDisc playback time to increase? | What must be reduced in order to allow LaserDisc playback time to increase? | [
"What must be reduced in order to allow LaserDisc playback time to increase?"
] | {
"text": [
"line count"
],
"answer_start": [
187
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8955 | 57284d94ff5b5019007da139 | LaserDisc | The space-consuming analog video signal of a LaserDisc limited playback duration to 30 minutes (CAV) or 60 minutes (CLV) per side because of the hardware manufacturer's refusal to reduce line count for increased playtime. After one side was finished playing, a disc has to be flipped over in order to continue watching a... | Which format allows for more playback tie per side, CLV or CAV? | Which format allows for more playback tie per side, CLV or CAV? | [
"Which format allows for more playback tie per side, CLV or CAV?"
] | {
"text": [
"CLV"
],
"answer_start": [
116
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8956 | 57284e4b2ca10214002da26e | LaserDisc | The analog information encoded on LaserDiscs does not include any form of built-in checksum or error correction. Because of this, slight dust and scratches on the disc surface can result in read-errors which cause various video quality problems: glitches, streaks, bursts of static, or momentary picture interruptions. I... | What video problems on a LaserDisc can be caused by dust or scratches? | What video problems on a LaserDisc can be caused by dust or scratches? | [
"What video problems on a LaserDisc can be caused by dust or scratches?"
] | {
"text": [
"glitches, streaks, bursts of static, or momentary picture interruptions"
],
"answer_start": [
246
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8957 | 57284e4b2ca10214002da26f | LaserDisc | The analog information encoded on LaserDiscs does not include any form of built-in checksum or error correction. Because of this, slight dust and scratches on the disc surface can result in read-errors which cause various video quality problems: glitches, streaks, bursts of static, or momentary picture interruptions. I... | Which format used in DVDs has built-in error correction? | Which format used in DVDs has built-in error correction? | [
"Which format used in DVDs has built-in error correction?"
] | {
"text": [
"digital MPEG-2"
],
"answer_start": [
336
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8958 | 57284e4b2ca10214002da270 | LaserDisc | The analog information encoded on LaserDiscs does not include any form of built-in checksum or error correction. Because of this, slight dust and scratches on the disc surface can result in read-errors which cause various video quality problems: glitches, streaks, bursts of static, or momentary picture interruptions. I... | What type of encoding, analog or digital, causes LaserDiscs to be succeptable to damages? | What type of encoding, analog or digital, causes LaserDiscs to be succeptable to damages? | [
"What type of encoding, analog or digital, causes LaserDiscs to be succeptable to damages?"
] | {
"text": [
"analog"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8959 | 57284ee52ca10214002da27c | LaserDisc | In addition, LaserDisc videos sometimes exhibit a problem known as "crosstalk". The issue can arise when the laser optical pickup assembly within the player is out of alignment or because the disc is damaged or excessively warped, but it could also occur even with a properly functioning player and a factory-new disc, d... | When does "crosstalk" occur? | When does "crosstalk" occur? | [
"When does \"crosstalk\" occur?"
] | {
"text": [
"when the laser optical pickup assembly within the player is out of alignment or because the disc is damaged or excessively warped"
],
"answer_start": [
100
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8960 | 57284ee52ca10214002da27d | LaserDisc | In addition, LaserDisc videos sometimes exhibit a problem known as "crosstalk". The issue can arise when the laser optical pickup assembly within the player is out of alignment or because the disc is damaged or excessively warped, but it could also occur even with a properly functioning player and a factory-new disc, d... | What problem can be caused by a player becoming out of alignment? | What problem can be caused by a player becoming out of alignment? | [
"What problem can be caused by a player becoming out of alignment?"
] | {
"text": [
"\"crosstalk\""
],
"answer_start": [
67
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8961 | 57284ee52ca10214002da27e | LaserDisc | In addition, LaserDisc videos sometimes exhibit a problem known as "crosstalk". The issue can arise when the laser optical pickup assembly within the player is out of alignment or because the disc is damaged or excessively warped, but it could also occur even with a properly functioning player and a factory-new disc, d... | How does "crosstalk" appear to the viewer? | How does "crosstalk" appear to the viewer? | [
"How does \"crosstalk\" appear to the viewer?"
] | {
"text": [
"swirling \"barber poles\" or rolling lines of static"
],
"answer_start": [
827
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8962 | 57284fd82ca10214002da282 | LaserDisc | Assuming the player's optical pickup is in proper working order, crosstalk distortion normally does not occur during playback of CAV format LaserDiscs, as the rotational speed never varies. However, if the player calibration is out of order or if the CAV disc is faulty or damaged, other problems affecting tracking accu... | In which format does crosstalk generally not occur? | In which format does crosstalk generally not occur? | [
"In which format does crosstalk generally not occur?"
] | {
"text": [
"CAV"
],
"answer_start": [
129
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8963 | 57284fd82ca10214002da283 | LaserDisc | Assuming the player's optical pickup is in proper working order, crosstalk distortion normally does not occur during playback of CAV format LaserDiscs, as the rotational speed never varies. However, if the player calibration is out of order or if the CAV disc is faulty or damaged, other problems affecting tracking accu... | Why does the CAV format prevent crosstalk? | Why does the CAV format prevent crosstalk? | [
"Why does the CAV format prevent crosstalk?"
] | {
"text": [
"the rotational speed never varies"
],
"answer_start": [
155
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8964 | 57284fd82ca10214002da284 | LaserDisc | Assuming the player's optical pickup is in proper working order, crosstalk distortion normally does not occur during playback of CAV format LaserDiscs, as the rotational speed never varies. However, if the player calibration is out of order or if the CAV disc is faulty or damaged, other problems affecting tracking accu... | What happens during "laser lock"? | What happens during "laser lock"? | [
"What happens during \"laser lock\"?"
] | {
"text": [
"the player reads the same two fields for a given frame over and over again, causing the picture to look frozen"
],
"answer_start": [
376
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8965 | 572850e43acd2414000df8f3 | LaserDisc | Another significant issue unique to LaserDisc is one involving the inconsistency of playback quality between different makers and models of player. On most televisions, a given DVD player will produce a picture that is visually indistinguishable from other units. Differences in image quality between players only become... | Is LaserDisc quality consistent or inconsistent between player brands? | Is LaserDisc quality consistent or inconsistent between player brands? | [
"Is LaserDisc quality consistent or inconsistent between player brands? "
] | {
"text": [
"inconsistency"
],
"answer_start": [
67
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8966 | 572850e43acd2414000df8f4 | LaserDisc | Another significant issue unique to LaserDisc is one involving the inconsistency of playback quality between different makers and models of player. On most televisions, a given DVD player will produce a picture that is visually indistinguishable from other units. Differences in image quality between players only become... | What is LaserDisc playback quality dependent on? | What is LaserDisc playback quality dependent on? | [
"What is LaserDisc playback quality dependent on?"
] | {
"text": [
"hardware quality"
],
"answer_start": [
591
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8967 | 572850e43acd2414000df8f5 | LaserDisc | Another significant issue unique to LaserDisc is one involving the inconsistency of playback quality between different makers and models of player. On most televisions, a given DVD player will produce a picture that is visually indistinguishable from other units. Differences in image quality between players only become... | How cheaply could an older LaserDisc player be purchased in the 1990s? | How cheaply could an older LaserDisc player be purchased in the 1990s? | [
"How cheaply could an older LaserDisc player be purchased in the 1990s?"
] | {
"text": [
"$25"
],
"answer_start": [
1088
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8968 | 572850e43acd2414000df8f6 | LaserDisc | Another significant issue unique to LaserDisc is one involving the inconsistency of playback quality between different makers and models of player. On most televisions, a given DVD player will produce a picture that is visually indistinguishable from other units. Differences in image quality between players only become... | What range of prices were high-end LaserDisc players in the 1990s? | What range of prices were high-end LaserDisc players in the 1990s? | [
"What range of prices were high-end LaserDisc players in the 1990s?"
] | {
"text": [
"US$200 to well over $1,000"
],
"answer_start": [
964
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8969 | 572851ba4b864d190016493c | LaserDisc | Many early LDs were not manufactured properly; sometimes a substandard adhesive was used to sandwich together the two sides of the disc.[citation needed] The adhesive contained impurities that were able to penetrate the lacquer seal layer and chemically attack the metalized reflective aluminium layer, causing it to oxi... | What substandard product was used in LD manufacturing that caused "laser rot"? | What substandard product was used in LD manufacturing that caused "laser rot"? | [
"What substandard product was used in LD manufacturing that caused \"laser rot\"?"
] | {
"text": [
"adhesive"
],
"answer_start": [
71
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8970 | 572851ba4b864d190016493d | LaserDisc | Many early LDs were not manufactured properly; sometimes a substandard adhesive was used to sandwich together the two sides of the disc.[citation needed] The adhesive contained impurities that were able to penetrate the lacquer seal layer and chemically attack the metalized reflective aluminium layer, causing it to oxi... | What was the internal name for "laser rot" within LD processing plants? | What was the internal name for "laser rot" within LD processing plants? | [
"What was the internal name for \"laser rot\" within LD processing plants?"
] | {
"text": [
"\"color flash\""
],
"answer_start": [
447
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8971 | 572851ba4b864d190016493e | LaserDisc | Many early LDs were not manufactured properly; sometimes a substandard adhesive was used to sandwich together the two sides of the disc.[citation needed] The adhesive contained impurities that were able to penetrate the lacquer seal layer and chemically attack the metalized reflective aluminium layer, causing it to oxi... | What problems could occur with laser rot? | What problems could occur with laser rot? | [
"What problems could occur with laser rot?"
] | {
"text": [
"black spots that looked like mold or burned plastic which cause the disc to skip and the movie to exhibit excessive speckling noise"
],
"answer_start": [
542
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8972 | 572853173acd2414000df915 | LaserDisc | LaserDisc did not have high market penetration in North America due to the high cost of the players and discs, which were far more expensive than VHS players and tapes, and due to marketplace confusion with the technologically inferior CED, which also went by the name Videodisc. While the format was not widely adopted ... | Why didn't LaserDiscs become popular in North America? | Why didn't LaserDiscs become popular in North America? | [
"Why didn't LaserDiscs become popular in North America?"
] | {
"text": [
"high cost of the players and discs"
],
"answer_start": [
75
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8973 | 572853173acd2414000df916 | LaserDisc | LaserDisc did not have high market penetration in North America due to the high cost of the players and discs, which were far more expensive than VHS players and tapes, and due to marketplace confusion with the technologically inferior CED, which also went by the name Videodisc. While the format was not widely adopted ... | By 1990, how many American homes were estimated to use LD? | By 1990, how many American homes were estimated to use LD? | [
"By 1990, how many American homes were estimated to use LD?"
] | {
"text": [
"nearly one million"
],
"answer_start": [
486
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8974 | 572853173acd2414000df917 | LaserDisc | LaserDisc did not have high market penetration in North America due to the high cost of the players and discs, which were far more expensive than VHS players and tapes, and due to marketplace confusion with the technologically inferior CED, which also went by the name Videodisc. While the format was not widely adopted ... | Why were LaserDiscs more popular in Japan? | Why were LaserDiscs more popular in Japan? | [
"Why were LaserDiscs more popular in Japan?"
] | {
"text": [
"prices were kept low to ensure adoption"
],
"answer_start": [
607
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8975 | 572853173acd2414000df918 | LaserDisc | LaserDisc did not have high market penetration in North America due to the high cost of the players and discs, which were far more expensive than VHS players and tapes, and due to marketplace confusion with the technologically inferior CED, which also went by the name Videodisc. While the format was not widely adopted ... | Which format was more popular in high humidity areas such as Singapore? | Which format was more popular in high humidity areas such as Singapore? | [
"Which format was more popular in high humidity areas such as Singapore?"
] | {
"text": [
"LaserDiscs"
],
"answer_start": [
1098
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8976 | 572853c14b864d1900164950 | LaserDisc | The format also became quite popular in Hong Kong during the 1990s before the introduction of VCDs and DVD; although people rarely bought the discs (because each LD was priced around USD100), high rental activity helped the video rental business in the city grow larger than it had ever been previously. Due to integrati... | How much did a LD cost in Hong Kong in the 1990s? | How much did a LD cost in Hong Kong in the 1990s? | [
"How much did a LD cost in Hong Kong in the 1990s?"
] | {
"text": [
"USD100"
],
"answer_start": [
183
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8977 | 572853c14b864d1900164951 | LaserDisc | The format also became quite popular in Hong Kong during the 1990s before the introduction of VCDs and DVD; although people rarely bought the discs (because each LD was priced around USD100), high rental activity helped the video rental business in the city grow larger than it had ever been previously. Due to integrati... | Broadcast in Hong Kong used which standard formatting? | Broadcast in Hong Kong used which standard formatting? | [
"Broadcast in Hong Kong used which standard formatting?"
] | {
"text": [
"PAL standard"
],
"answer_start": [
426
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8978 | 572853c14b864d1900164952 | LaserDisc | The format also became quite popular in Hong Kong during the 1990s before the introduction of VCDs and DVD; although people rarely bought the discs (because each LD was priced around USD100), high rental activity helped the video rental business in the city grow larger than it had ever been previously. Due to integrati... | In contrast to broadcast, which format did consumers use in Hong Kong? | In contrast to broadcast, which format did consumers use in Hong Kong? | [
"In contrast to broadcast, which format did consumers use in Hong Kong?"
] | {
"text": [
"NTSC"
],
"answer_start": [
356
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8979 | 572854802ca10214002da29c | LaserDisc | Although the LaserDisc format was supplanted by DVD by the late 1990s, many LD titles are still highly coveted by movie enthusiasts (for example, Disney's Song of the South which is unavailable in the US in any format, but was issued in Japan on LD). This is largely because there are many films that are still only avai... | By what year had DVD taken over the LaserDisc market? | By what year had DVD taken over the LaserDisc market? | [
"By what year had DVD taken over the LaserDisc market?"
] | {
"text": [
"late 1990s"
],
"answer_start": [
59
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8980 | 572854802ca10214002da29d | LaserDisc | Although the LaserDisc format was supplanted by DVD by the late 1990s, many LD titles are still highly coveted by movie enthusiasts (for example, Disney's Song of the South which is unavailable in the US in any format, but was issued in Japan on LD). This is largely because there are many films that are still only avai... | Which collector group highly values LaserDisc for their rareness? | Which collector group highly values LaserDisc for their rareness? | [
"Which collector group highly values LaserDisc for their rareness?"
] | {
"text": [
"movie enthusiasts"
],
"answer_start": [
114
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8981 | 572854802ca10214002da29e | LaserDisc | Although the LaserDisc format was supplanted by DVD by the late 1990s, many LD titles are still highly coveted by movie enthusiasts (for example, Disney's Song of the South which is unavailable in the US in any format, but was issued in Japan on LD). This is largely because there are many films that are still only avai... | Until the end of what year were movies released in VHS, LD, and DVD in Japan? | Until the end of what year were movies released in VHS, LD, and DVD in Japan? | [
"Until the end of what year were movies released in VHS, LD, and DVD in Japan?"
] | {
"text": [
"2001"
],
"answer_start": [
463
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8982 | 572854802ca10214002da29f | LaserDisc | Although the LaserDisc format was supplanted by DVD by the late 1990s, many LD titles are still highly coveted by movie enthusiasts (for example, Disney's Song of the South which is unavailable in the US in any format, but was issued in Japan on LD). This is largely because there are many films that are still only avai... | What country was the only to receive a LD release of Disney's Song of the South? | What country was the only to receive a LD release of Disney's Song of the South? | [
"What country was the only to receive a LD release of Disney's Song of the South?"
] | {
"text": [
"Japan"
],
"answer_start": [
518
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8983 | 572855143acd2414000df91d | LaserDisc | In the early 1980s, Philips produced a LaserDisc player model adapted for a computer interface, dubbed "professional". In 1985, Jasmine Multimedia created LaserDisc Juke Boxes featuring music videos from Michael Jackson, Duran Duran, and Cyndi Lauper. When connected to a PC this combination could be used to display ima... | In what decade did Philips produce a "professional" LD model for computer? | In what decade did Philips produce a "professional" LD model for computer? | [
"In what decade did Philips produce a \"professional\" LD model for computer?"
] | {
"text": [
"early 1980s"
],
"answer_start": [
7
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8984 | 572855143acd2414000df91e | LaserDisc | In the early 1980s, Philips produced a LaserDisc player model adapted for a computer interface, dubbed "professional". In 1985, Jasmine Multimedia created LaserDisc Juke Boxes featuring music videos from Michael Jackson, Duran Duran, and Cyndi Lauper. When connected to a PC this combination could be used to display ima... | In what year were LD jukeboxes created? | In what year were LD jukeboxes created? | [
"In what year were LD jukeboxes created?"
] | {
"text": [
"1985"
],
"answer_start": [
122
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8985 | 572855143acd2414000df91f | LaserDisc | In the early 1980s, Philips produced a LaserDisc player model adapted for a computer interface, dubbed "professional". In 1985, Jasmine Multimedia created LaserDisc Juke Boxes featuring music videos from Michael Jackson, Duran Duran, and Cyndi Lauper. When connected to a PC this combination could be used to display ima... | Who created LD Jukeboxes in 1985? | Who created LD Jukeboxes in 1985? | [
"Who created LD Jukeboxes in 1985?"
] | {
"text": [
"Jasmine Multimedia"
],
"answer_start": [
128
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8986 | 572855143acd2414000df920 | LaserDisc | In the early 1980s, Philips produced a LaserDisc player model adapted for a computer interface, dubbed "professional". In 1985, Jasmine Multimedia created LaserDisc Juke Boxes featuring music videos from Michael Jackson, Duran Duran, and Cyndi Lauper. When connected to a PC this combination could be used to display ima... | Which musical artists were featured on LD Jukeboxes in 1985? | Which musical artists were featured on LD Jukeboxes in 1985? | [
"Which musical artists were featured on LD Jukeboxes in 1985?"
] | {
"text": [
"Michael Jackson, Duran Duran, and Cyndi Lauper"
],
"answer_start": [
204
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8987 | 5728562e3acd2414000df92f | LaserDisc | In the mid-1980s Lucasfilm pioneered the EditDroid non-linear editing system for film and television based on computer-controlled LaserDisc players. Instead of printing dailies out on film, processed negatives from the day's shoot would be sent to a mastering plant to be assembled from their 10-minute camera elements i... | How many EditDroid systems were ever built? | How many EditDroid systems were ever built? | [
"How many EditDroid systems were ever built?"
] | {
"text": [
"24"
],
"answer_start": [
777
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8988 | 5728562e3acd2414000df930 | LaserDisc | In the mid-1980s Lucasfilm pioneered the EditDroid non-linear editing system for film and television based on computer-controlled LaserDisc players. Instead of printing dailies out on film, processed negatives from the day's shoot would be sent to a mastering plant to be assembled from their 10-minute camera elements i... | Were EditDroid discs single or multi-sided? | Were EditDroid discs single or multi-sided? | [
"Were EditDroid discs single or multi-sided?"
] | {
"text": [
"single-sided"
],
"answer_start": [
1256
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8989 | 5728562e3acd2414000df931 | LaserDisc | In the mid-1980s Lucasfilm pioneered the EditDroid non-linear editing system for film and television based on computer-controlled LaserDisc players. Instead of printing dailies out on film, processed negatives from the day's shoot would be sent to a mastering plant to be assembled from their 10-minute camera elements i... | Which production company engineered the EditDroid machines in the 1980s? | Which production company engineered the EditDroid machines in the 1980s? | [
"Which production company engineered the EditDroid machines in the 1980s?"
] | {
"text": [
"Lucasfilm"
],
"answer_start": [
17
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8990 | 572868002ca10214002da306 | LaserDisc | In 1986, a SCSI-equipped LaserDisc player attached to a BBC Master computer was used for the BBC Domesday Project. The player was referred as an LV-ROM (LaserVision Read Only Memory) as the discs contained the driving software as well as the video frames. The discs used the CAV format, and encoded data as a binary sign... | In what year did the Doomsday project occur? | In what year did the Doomsday project occur? | [
"In what year did the Doomsday project occur?"
] | {
"text": [
"1986"
],
"answer_start": [
3
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8991 | 572868002ca10214002da307 | LaserDisc | In 1986, a SCSI-equipped LaserDisc player attached to a BBC Master computer was used for the BBC Domesday Project. The player was referred as an LV-ROM (LaserVision Read Only Memory) as the discs contained the driving software as well as the video frames. The discs used the CAV format, and encoded data as a binary sign... | Which equipment was used for the Doomsday Project? | Which equipment was used for the Doomsday Project? | [
"Which equipment was used for the Doomsday Project?"
] | {
"text": [
"a SCSI-equipped LaserDisc player attached to a BBC Master computer"
],
"answer_start": [
9
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8992 | 572868002ca10214002da308 | LaserDisc | In 1986, a SCSI-equipped LaserDisc player attached to a BBC Master computer was used for the BBC Domesday Project. The player was referred as an LV-ROM (LaserVision Read Only Memory) as the discs contained the driving software as well as the video frames. The discs used the CAV format, and encoded data as a binary sign... | What does LV-ROM stand for? | What does LV-ROM stand for? | [
"What does LV-ROM stand for?"
] | {
"text": [
"LaserVision Read Only Memory"
],
"answer_start": [
153
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8993 | 572868002ca10214002da309 | LaserDisc | In 1986, a SCSI-equipped LaserDisc player attached to a BBC Master computer was used for the BBC Domesday Project. The player was referred as an LV-ROM (LaserVision Read Only Memory) as the discs contained the driving software as well as the video frames. The discs used the CAV format, and encoded data as a binary sign... | The Doomsday Project discs used which formatting? | The Doomsday Project discs used which formatting? | [
"The Doomsday Project discs used which formatting?"
] | {
"text": [
"CAV"
],
"answer_start": [
275
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8994 | 572868bd4b864d19001649a6 | LaserDisc | Apple's HyperCard scripting language provided Macintosh computer users with a means to design databases of slides, animation, video and sounds from LaserDiscs and then to create interfaces for users to play specific content from the disc through software called LaserStacks. User-created "stacks" were shared and were es... | Which of Apple's programming languages allowed users to ceatively manipulate LaserDiscs? | Which of Apple's programming languages allowed users to ceatively manipulate LaserDiscs? | [
"Which of Apple's programming languages allowed users to ceatively manipulate LaserDiscs?"
] | {
"text": [
"HyperCard"
],
"answer_start": [
8
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8995 | 572868bd4b864d19001649a7 | LaserDisc | Apple's HyperCard scripting language provided Macintosh computer users with a means to design databases of slides, animation, video and sounds from LaserDiscs and then to create interfaces for users to play specific content from the disc through software called LaserStacks. User-created "stacks" were shared and were es... | What did LaserStacks software enable Mac users to do? | What did LaserStacks software enable Mac users to do? | [
"What did LaserStacks software enable Mac users to do?"
] | {
"text": [
"play specific content from the disc"
],
"answer_start": [
202
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8996 | 572868bd4b864d19001649a8 | LaserDisc | Apple's HyperCard scripting language provided Macintosh computer users with a means to design databases of slides, animation, video and sounds from LaserDiscs and then to create interfaces for users to play specific content from the disc through software called LaserStacks. User-created "stacks" were shared and were es... | Where were "stacks" created with the LaserStack software used? | Where were "stacks" created with the LaserStack software used? | [
"Where were \"stacks\" created with the LaserStack software used?"
] | {
"text": [
"in education"
],
"answer_start": [
337
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8997 | 572868bd4b864d19001649a9 | LaserDisc | Apple's HyperCard scripting language provided Macintosh computer users with a means to design databases of slides, animation, video and sounds from LaserDiscs and then to create interfaces for users to play specific content from the disc through software called LaserStacks. User-created "stacks" were shared and were es... | Which commercial company was LaserStack's most successful distributor? | Which commercial company was LaserStack's most successful distributor? | [
"Which commercial company was LaserStack's most successful distributor?"
] | {
"text": [
"Voyager"
],
"answer_start": [
524
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8998 | 572869712ca10214002da318 | LaserDisc | Under contract from the U.S. Military, Matrox produced a combination computer/LaserDisc player for instructional purposes. The computer was a 286, the LaserDisc player only capable of reading the analog audio tracks. Together they weighed 43 lb (20 kg) and sturdy handles were provided in case two people were required t... | A combination computer/LD player was comissioned by what government entity? | A combination computer/LD player was comissioned by what government entity? | [
"A combination computer/LD player was comissioned by what government entity?"
] | {
"text": [
"the U.S. Military"
],
"answer_start": [
20
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8999 | 572869712ca10214002da319 | LaserDisc | Under contract from the U.S. Military, Matrox produced a combination computer/LaserDisc player for instructional purposes. The computer was a 286, the LaserDisc player only capable of reading the analog audio tracks. Together they weighed 43 lb (20 kg) and sturdy handles were provided in case two people were required t... | How much did Matrox's computer/LD combo weigh? | How much did Matrox's computer/LD combo weigh? | [
"How much did Matrox's computer/LD combo weigh?"
] | {
"text": [
"43 lb (20 kg)"
],
"answer_start": [
239
]
} |
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