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PMID:21226 | Varicella-zoster virus-induced DNA polymerase. | Nuclear extracts of varicella-zoster virus (VZV)-infected human embryo lung (HEL) cells were found to contain DNA polymerase activity not present in uninfected HEL cells. This enzyme was designated the VZV-induced DNA polymerase. The VZV-induced polymerase was partially separated from the cellular alpha- and beta-polym... | Varicella-zoster virus-induced DNA polymerase. Nuclear extracts of varicella-zoster virus (VZV)-infected human embryo lung (HEL) cells were found to contain DNA polymerase activity not present in uninfected HEL cells. This enzyme was designated the VZV-induced DNA polymerase. The VZV-induced polymerase was partially se... | [
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PMID:21227 | [A new complex polymalformative syndrome (author's transl)]. | The authors discuss the nosological position and the aetiology of a complex of malformations affecting a boy, born at the end of a 40-week pregnancy with a weight of 1420 g and height of 42.5 cm, who died at the age of 3 1/2 months. The case presented an association of an acrocephalosyndactyly, phalangeal hypoplasias w... | [A new complex polymalformative syndrome (author's transl)]. The authors discuss the nosological position and the aetiology of a complex of malformations affecting a boy, born at the end of a 40-week pregnancy with a weight of 1420 g and height of 42.5 cm, who died at the age of 3 1/2 months. The case presented an asso... | [
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PMID:21228 | Brain tyrosine level controls striatal dopamine synthesis in haloperidol-treated rats. | Animals received either haloperidol (2 mg/kg) or probenecid (200 mg/kg) in conjunction with tyrosine (100 mg/kg) or its diluent. Striatal homovanillic acid levels increased in probenecid-treated animals to the same range whether they were given tyrosine or not. In haloperidol-treated animals the levels of homovanillic ... | Brain tyrosine level controls striatal dopamine synthesis in haloperidol-treated rats. Animals received either haloperidol (2 mg/kg) or probenecid (200 mg/kg) in conjunction with tyrosine (100 mg/kg) or its diluent. Striatal homovanillic acid levels increased in probenecid-treated animals to the same range whether they... | [
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PMID:21229 | The interactions of bromocriptine and lergotrile with dopamine and alpha-adrenergic receptors. | Bromocriptine and lergotrile, which are clinically used as antiparkinsonian (AP) agents, compete for the binding of H3-dopamine, H3-apomorphine, and H3-haloperidol to striatal membrane sites. Lergotrile has a higher affinity for the H3-dopamine binding to bovine striatal membranes than bromocriptine. Lergotrile and bro... | The interactions of bromocriptine and lergotrile with dopamine and alpha-adrenergic receptors. Bromocriptine and lergotrile, which are clinically used as antiparkinsonian (AP) agents, compete for the binding of H3-dopamine, H3-apomorphine, and H3-haloperidol to striatal membrane sites. Lergotrile has a higher affinity ... | [
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PMID:21230 | Comparison of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity in tissues of normal and dystrophic hamsters and mice. | The activity of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT), a membrane-bound enzyme, was assayed by a sensitive fluorometric method in the brain, heart, kidney, liver, skeletal muscle and serum of normal and dystrophic hamsters and mice. Normal and dystrophic hamsters were of the golden brown and BIO 14.6 line respective... | Comparison of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity in tissues of normal and dystrophic hamsters and mice. The activity of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT), a membrane-bound enzyme, was assayed by a sensitive fluorometric method in the brain, heart, kidney, liver, skeletal muscle and serum of normal and dystro... | [
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PMID:21231 | 8alpha-hydroxyflavinmononucleotide and related compounds. | 2', 3', 4'-Triacetyl-FMN has been transformed by selective radical bromination into 2', 3', 4'-triacetyl-8alpha-bromo-FMN, and the following hydrolysis of the latter has afforded 8alpha-hydroxy-FMN. The presence of the hydroxy group in the 8alpha position of 8alpha-hydroxy-FMN is confirmed by its acetylation into 2', 3... | 8alpha-hydroxyflavinmononucleotide and related compounds. 2', 3', 4'-Triacetyl-FMN has been transformed by selective radical bromination into 2', 3', 4'-triacetyl-8alpha-bromo-FMN, and the following hydrolysis of the latter has afforded 8alpha-hydroxy-FMN. The presence of the hydroxy group in the 8alpha position of 8al... | [
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PMID:21232 | The presence and possible function of methylmalonyl CoA mutase and propionyl CoA carboxylase in Spirometra mansonoides. | Both spargana and adult forms of Spirometra mansonoides were shown to accumulate lactate, succinate, acetate, and propionate upon in vitro incubation. Adults differed markedly from the spargana in that quantitatively the most significant products of the former were acetate and propionate while the latter formed primari... | The presence and possible function of methylmalonyl CoA mutase and propionyl CoA carboxylase in Spirometra mansonoides. Both spargana and adult forms of Spirometra mansonoides were shown to accumulate lactate, succinate, acetate, and propionate upon in vitro incubation. Adults differed markedly from the spargana in tha... | [
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PMID:21235 | A comparison of the dissolution rates of caffeine tablets in a rotating-basket with those in a Sartorius dissolution tester. | Uncoated caffeine tablets of four different hardnesses were tested for dissolution rate by the Sartorius (S.S. method) and by the rotating basket method of the U.S.P. XVIII. In both methods the dissolution rate decreased with increasing hardness, and the rate obtained with the S.S. method was always less than that by t... | A comparison of the dissolution rates of caffeine tablets in a rotating-basket with those in a Sartorius dissolution tester. Uncoated caffeine tablets of four different hardnesses were tested for dissolution rate by the Sartorius (S.S. method) and by the rotating basket method of the U.S.P. XVIII. In both methods the d... | [
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PMID:21236 | Plasma concentrations and excretion of zipeprol in man under acidic urine conditions. | Plasma concentrations of zipeprol, and the urinary excretion of it and two of its basic metabolites, compound II and compound III were examined after oral administration of zipeprol hydrochloride to man. The drug was rapidly and extensively metabolized, and the amount of unchanged drug excreted in the acidic urine vari... | Plasma concentrations and excretion of zipeprol in man under acidic urine conditions. Plasma concentrations of zipeprol, and the urinary excretion of it and two of its basic metabolites, compound II and compound III were examined after oral administration of zipeprol hydrochloride to man. The drug was rapidly and exten... | [
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PMID:21237 | The effect of age and thyroid hormones upon the ability of the chick heart to deaminate monoamines. | The effect of age and thyroid hormones upon the ability of chick heart homogenates to metabolize monoamines has been investigated. 5-Hydroxytryptamine is entirely metabolized by a monoamine oxidase (MAO) with the characteristics of MAO-A, whereas some of the tyramine and all of the benzylamine are oxidatively deaminate... | The effect of age and thyroid hormones upon the ability of the chick heart to deaminate monoamines. The effect of age and thyroid hormones upon the ability of chick heart homogenates to metabolize monoamines has been investigated. 5-Hydroxytryptamine is entirely metabolized by a monoamine oxidase (MAO) with the charact... | [
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PMID:21238 | Evidence from agonist and antagonist studies to suggest that the beta1-adrenoceptors subserving the positive inotropic and chronotropic responses of the heart do not belong to two separate subgroups. | The positive inotropic and chronotropic responses of guinea-pig isolated left and right atria to 17 sympathomimetic amines were examined under conditions selected to control the pharmacological environment. Each agonist was compared with (--)-isoprenaline as the reference by constructing dose-response curves. Equiactiv... | Evidence from agonist and antagonist studies to suggest that the beta1-adrenoceptors subserving the positive inotropic and chronotropic responses of the heart do not belong to two separate subgroups. The positive inotropic and chronotropic responses of guinea-pig isolated left and right atria to 17 sympathomimetic amin... | [
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PMID:21239 | The role of dopaminergic systems in gamma-hydroxybutyrate-induced electrocorticogram hypersynchronization in the rat. | The effects of dopaminergic agonists and antagonists on the duration of hypersynchronization induced in the electrocorticogram (ecog) by gamma-hydroxybutyrate (gamma-HB) were tested in rats. Apomorphine (0-2-8 mg kg-1), piribedil (2-5-10 mg kt-1) and haloperidol (0-5-1 mg kg-1) had no influence on the duration of the h... | The role of dopaminergic systems in gamma-hydroxybutyrate-induced electrocorticogram hypersynchronization in the rat. The effects of dopaminergic agonists and antagonists on the duration of hypersynchronization induced in the electrocorticogram (ecog) by gamma-hydroxybutyrate (gamma-HB) were tested in rats. Apomorphine... | [
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PMID:21240 | The central and peripheral effectiveness of two oxotremorine-antagonists determined using oxotremorine-induced tremor and salivation. | Two oxotremorine antagonists have been examined using oxotremorine as the tremor salivation inducer and the ratios between the central and peripheral nervous systems determined. Under these conditions these compounds are still more effective antagonists centrally than peripherally. Differences in distribution to the va... | The central and peripheral effectiveness of two oxotremorine-antagonists determined using oxotremorine-induced tremor and salivation. Two oxotremorine antagonists have been examined using oxotremorine as the tremor salivation inducer and the ratios between the central and peripheral nervous systems determined. Under th... | [
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PMID:21241 | A sex difference in the interaction between promethazine and morphine in the mouse. | The effects of promethazine on the antinociceptive and respiratory actions of morphine have been examined in the mouse. Moderate doses of promethazine (5 and 10 mg kg-1) potentiated morphine's action in male mice but inhibited it in female mice. Gonadectomy abolished the interaction between promethazine and morphine in... | A sex difference in the interaction between promethazine and morphine in the mouse. The effects of promethazine on the antinociceptive and respiratory actions of morphine have been examined in the mouse. Moderate doses of promethazine (5 and 10 mg kg-1) potentiated morphine's action in male mice but inhibited it in fem... | [
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PMID:21242 | Some antagonists of dantrolene sodium on the isolated diaphragm muscle of the rat. | The effects of a number of potential antagonists of dantrolene sodium have been studied on twitches of the isolated hemidiaphragm preparation of the rat stimulated directly at a frequency of 0-1 Hz, after complete neuromuscular block produced by tubocurarine or erabutoxin a. The substances selected as possible dantrole... | Some antagonists of dantrolene sodium on the isolated diaphragm muscle of the rat. The effects of a number of potential antagonists of dantrolene sodium have been studied on twitches of the isolated hemidiaphragm preparation of the rat stimulated directly at a frequency of 0-1 Hz, after complete neuromuscular block pro... | [
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PMID:21254 | The dissolution mechanism in a system undergoing complexation: salicylamide in caffeine solution. | The dissolution rate of compressed salicylamide discs has been measured in water and in caffeine solutions of increasing concentration at 15, 25, 37 and 45 degrees in an apparatus rotating at 48 rev min-1 or more. Dissolution rate profiles showed breaks indicative of a shift in the mechanism of dissolution from interfa... | The dissolution mechanism in a system undergoing complexation: salicylamide in caffeine solution. The dissolution rate of compressed salicylamide discs has been measured in water and in caffeine solutions of increasing concentration at 15, 25, 37 and 45 degrees in an apparatus rotating at 48 rev min-1 or more. Dissolut... | [
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PMID:21255 | Dilute solution properties of clindamycin 2-palmitate hydrochloride. | Clindamycin 2-palmitate hydrochloride forms micelles in aqueous solution at concentrations above 2-2 X 10(-3) M. Dilution of micellar solutions of the drug to concentrations less than 2-0 X 10(-3) M produces turbid systems. Turbidity is caused by unionized drug, produced by hydrolysis of the salt, phasing out of soluti... | Dilute solution properties of clindamycin 2-palmitate hydrochloride. Clindamycin 2-palmitate hydrochloride forms micelles in aqueous solution at concentrations above 2-2 X 10(-3) M. Dilution of micellar solutions of the drug to concentrations less than 2-0 X 10(-3) M produces turbid systems. Turbidity is caused by unio... | [
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PMID:21256 | Relaxations mediated by adrenergic and non-adrenergic nerves in human isolated taenia coli. | In human taenia coli electrical field stimulation after cholinergic blockade excited mainly non-adrenergic inhibitory nerves. Adrenergic relaxations during stimulation were demonstrated only with short electrical pulses at high frequencies or with ganglion stimulants. Reduction by tetrodotoxin of relaxations to indirec... | Relaxations mediated by adrenergic and non-adrenergic nerves in human isolated taenia coli. In human taenia coli electrical field stimulation after cholinergic blockade excited mainly non-adrenergic inhibitory nerves. Adrenergic relaxations during stimulation were demonstrated only with short electrical pulses at high ... | [
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PMID:21257 | Evidence for more than one type of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor in the human colon. | The actions of methysergide, a 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) antagonist, have been examined on muscle strips taken from the circular and longitudinal layers of the human colon. Relaxations of the longitudinal muscle to 5-HT were antagonized by concentrations of methysergide known to be selective. Relaxations of the circul... | Evidence for more than one type of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor in the human colon. The actions of methysergide, a 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) antagonist, have been examined on muscle strips taken from the circular and longitudinal layers of the human colon. Relaxations of the longitudinal muscle to 5-HT were antagonize... | [
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PMID:21258 | Influence of pyridylisatogen tosylate on contractions produced by ATP and by purinergic stimulation in the terminal ileum of the guinea-pig. | 2-2'Pyridylisatogen tosylate (PIT), which antagonizes the inhibitory action of ATP in the taenia caeci, did not antagonize the excitatory effects of exogenous ATP and of purinergic stimulation of the terminal guinea-pig ileum. PIT (0-5--2-5 muM) potentiated the ATP-induced contractions and also the contractions produce... | Influence of pyridylisatogen tosylate on contractions produced by ATP and by purinergic stimulation in the terminal ileum of the guinea-pig. 2-2'Pyridylisatogen tosylate (PIT), which antagonizes the inhibitory action of ATP in the taenia caeci, did not antagonize the excitatory effects of exogenous ATP and of purinergi... | [
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PMID:21259 | Effect of two non tricyclic antidepressant drugs on [14C]5-hydroxytryptamine uptake by rat platelets. | The uptake of 14C-5-HT by rat blood platelets was examined in vitro in experimental conditions which allowed measurement of the initial velocity and excluded other passive processes across the cell membrane. In these conditions, the effect of two non tricyclic antidepressant drugs (Lilly 110140 and trazodone) was inves... | Effect of two non tricyclic antidepressant drugs on [14C]5-hydroxytryptamine uptake by rat platelets. The uptake of 14C-5-HT by rat blood platelets was examined in vitro in experimental conditions which allowed measurement of the initial velocity and excluded other passive processes across the cell membrane. In these c... | [
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PMID:21260 | Analysis of the beta-receptor mediated effect on slow-contracting skeletal muscle in vitro. | Subtetanic contractions of the guinea-pig isolated soleus, a slow-contracting skeletal muscle, were evoked by transmural field-stimulation. Isoprenaline caused a dose-dependent depression of the contractions. This effect was inhibited by propranolol and H 35/25 (1-(p-tolyl-2-isopropylamino-1-propanol) but not by practo... | Analysis of the beta-receptor mediated effect on slow-contracting skeletal muscle in vitro. Subtetanic contractions of the guinea-pig isolated soleus, a slow-contracting skeletal muscle, were evoked by transmural field-stimulation. Isoprenaline caused a dose-dependent depression of the contractions. This effect was inh... | [
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PMID:21261 | Biochemical and pharmacological studies on amineptine (S 1694) and (+)-amphetamine in the rat. | The pharmacological activities of amineptine (S 1694) and (+)-amphetamine and their interaction with biogenic amines have been examined in rats. The locomotor activity, stereotyped behaviour and hypothermia induced by amineptine were similar to but not as marked as those produced by (+)-amphetamine, and there was littl... | Biochemical and pharmacological studies on amineptine (S 1694) and (+)-amphetamine in the rat. The pharmacological activities of amineptine (S 1694) and (+)-amphetamine and their interaction with biogenic amines have been examined in rats. The locomotor activity, stereotyped behaviour and hypothermia induced by aminept... | [
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PMID:21278 | pH-stat titration of aluminum hydroxide gel. | The pH-stat titration of aluminum hydroxide gel was evaluated and was affected by pH, temperature, concentration, and ionic strength. Control of these parameters resulted in a highly sensitive and reproducible in vitro antacid test. The utility of the pH-stat test was illustrated by monitoring the aging of several carb... | pH-stat titration of aluminum hydroxide gel. The pH-stat titration of aluminum hydroxide gel was evaluated and was affected by pH, temperature, concentration, and ionic strength. Control of these parameters resulted in a highly sensitive and reproducible in vitro antacid test. The utility of the pH-stat test was illust... | [
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PMID:21279 | Relationship between zero point of charge and solubility product for hydroxides of polyvalent cations. | The zero point of charge (ZPC) of slightly soluble compounds is the pH at which their particles suspended in water have zero charge. The ZPC values of slightly soluble hydroxides were compared with their solubility product in the form of its negative logarithm, pKSP, and with th pH of their suspensions in pure water, p... | Relationship between zero point of charge and solubility product for hydroxides of polyvalent cations. The zero point of charge (ZPC) of slightly soluble compounds is the pH at which their particles suspended in water have zero charge. The ZPC values of slightly soluble hydroxides were compared with their solubility pr... | [
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PMID:21280 | In vitro photodecomposition of uric acid in presence of riboflavin II. | In vitro studies on the photodecomposition of uric acid in the presence of the monosodium salt of riboflavin 5'-phosphate in buffers at various pH values, in methanol, and in human plasma are reported. The decomposition rate increased with increasing pH and was independent of solvent or buffer species. The mechanism ap... | In vitro photodecomposition of uric acid in presence of riboflavin II. In vitro studies on the photodecomposition of uric acid in the presence of the monosodium salt of riboflavin 5'-phosphate in buffers at various pH values, in methanol, and in human plasma are reported. The decomposition rate increased with increasin... | [
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PMID:21281 | Effects of adenine nucleotides on oxidation of phenothiazine tranquilizers. | The effects of adenosine diphosphate and triphosphate on the periodic acid oxidation of the phenothiazine tranquilizing drugs were studied. The principal effect was a marked reduction in the rate of formation and decay of the drug free radical. The oxidation rates of the nucleotide free drugs seemed to be most strongl... | Effects of adenine nucleotides on oxidation of phenothiazine tranquilizers. The effects of adenosine diphosphate and triphosphate on the periodic acid oxidation of the phenothiazine tranquilizing drugs were studied. The principal effect was a marked reduction in the rate of formation and decay of the drug free radical... | [
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PMID:21282 | Stability of prostaglandin E1 and dinoprostone (prostaglandin E2) under strongly acidic and basic conditions. | The stability of prostaglandin E1 and dinoprostone was investigated at the extremes of the pH range (less than or equal to 3 and greater than or equal to 10) in the sequence prostaglandin E leads to prostaglandin A leads to prostaglandin B. The degradation rate is first order with hydrogen-ion and hydroxide-ion concent... | Stability of prostaglandin E1 and dinoprostone (prostaglandin E2) under strongly acidic and basic conditions. The stability of prostaglandin E1 and dinoprostone was investigated at the extremes of the pH range (less than or equal to 3 and greater than or equal to 10) in the sequence prostaglandin E leads to prostagland... | [
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PMID:21283 | Tetrazole analogs of phenylalanine derivatives as tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitors. | Eight new tetrazole analogs of phenylalanine derivatives in which the carboxyl group was replaced by a tetrazole ring were synthesized. At a concentration of 2.5 time 10(-5) M, each compound exhibited greater than 50% inhibition of tyrosine hydroxylase activity. | Tetrazole analogs of phenylalanine derivatives as tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitors. Eight new tetrazole analogs of phenylalanine derivatives in which the carboxyl group was replaced by a tetrazole ring were synthesized. At a concentration of 2.5 time 10(-5) M, each compound exhibited greater than 50% inhibition of tyros... | [
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PMID:21284 | Kinetics of concomitant degradation of tetracycline to epitetracycline, anhydrotetracycline, and epianhydrotetracycline in acid phosphate solution. | The concentrations of tetracycline, epitetracycline, anhydrotetracycline, and epianhydrotetracycline in pH 1.5 phosphate solution were followed as a function of time at four temperatures. Separation and quantification of all four species were accomplished using high-pressure liquid chromatography. Through nonlinear re... | Kinetics of concomitant degradation of tetracycline to epitetracycline, anhydrotetracycline, and epianhydrotetracycline in acid phosphate solution. The concentrations of tetracycline, epitetracycline, anhydrotetracycline, and epianhydrotetracycline in pH 1.5 phosphate solution were followed as a function of time at fo... | [
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PMID:21285 | Evidence for antral inhibition of pentagastrin from experiments using mucosal cooling. | 1. The acid secretion of the fundic mucosa in Heidenhain pouches in response to pentagastrin became progressively less as the pouch mucosa was cooled. 2. When a cooled Heidenhain pouch in an animal receiving pentagastrin was warmed, acid and pepsin secretion from the main stomach was depressed. Change from warm to cool... | Evidence for antral inhibition of pentagastrin from experiments using mucosal cooling. 1. The acid secretion of the fundic mucosa in Heidenhain pouches in response to pentagastrin became progressively less as the pouch mucosa was cooled. 2. When a cooled Heidenhain pouch in an animal receiving pentagastrin was warmed, ... | [
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PMID:21286 | Effects of neurochemicals upon a dinoflagellate photoresponse. | Photoresponsiveness by Gymnodinium splendens Lebour was monitored quantitatively by a microscope-television system. Exposure to the catecholamines DOPA and Dopamine caused a decrease in light sensitivity, while 0.01 mM norepinephine, or isoproterenol did not affect photoresponsiveness. Classical catecholamine blocking ... | Effects of neurochemicals upon a dinoflagellate photoresponse. Photoresponsiveness by Gymnodinium splendens Lebour was monitored quantitatively by a microscope-television system. Exposure to the catecholamines DOPA and Dopamine caused a decrease in light sensitivity, while 0.01 mM norepinephine, or isoproterenol did no... | [
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PMID:21287 | Toxoplasma gondii-vertebrate cell interactions. I. The influence of bicarbonate ion, CO2, pH and host cell culture age on the invasion of vertebrate cells in vitro. | A controlled-environment culture system was used to show that both physical and biologic parameters can influence the penetration of vertebrate cells by Toxoplasma gondii. The optimum bicarbonate ion concentration for the penetration of bovine embryo skeletal muscle (BESM) cells is 36.25 mM. Higher or lower bicarbonate... | Toxoplasma gondii-vertebrate cell interactions. I. The influence of bicarbonate ion, CO2, pH and host cell culture age on the invasion of vertebrate cells in vitro. A controlled-environment culture system was used to show that both physical and biologic parameters can influence the penetration of vertebrate cells by To... | [
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PMID:21288 | Specific labeling of intracellular Toxoplasma gondii with uracil. | Radioactive uracil was not significantly incorporated into the nucleic acids of human fibroblast cells. Infection of these cells with Toxoplasma gondii resulted in an exponential increase in the rate of uracil incorporation that paralleled the exponential growth of the parasite. One day after infection the rate of urac... | Specific labeling of intracellular Toxoplasma gondii with uracil. Radioactive uracil was not significantly incorporated into the nucleic acids of human fibroblast cells. Infection of these cells with Toxoplasma gondii resulted in an exponential increase in the rate of uracil incorporation that paralleled the exponentia... | [
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PMID:21289 | Monoamine oxidase and catechol-O-methyl transferase activity in Tetrahymena. | Tetrahymena pyriformis strain HSM was found to have monomine oxidase (MAO) and a catechol-3-methyl transferase-like (COMT) activity. As in mammalian tissues, the MAO activity is predominantly localized in the mitochondrial pellet and COMT in the cytosol. The COMT-like activity was present in amounts comparable to sever... | Monoamine oxidase and catechol-O-methyl transferase activity in Tetrahymena. Tetrahymena pyriformis strain HSM was found to have monomine oxidase (MAO) and a catechol-3-methyl transferase-like (COMT) activity. As in mammalian tissues, the MAO activity is predominantly localized in the mitochondrial pellet and COMT in t... | [
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PMID:21290 | Poly(ethylene oxide), a new slowing agent for protozoa. | The water-soluble, viscoelastic resin Polyox WSR 301), a poly(ethylene oxide) of high molecular weight (approximately 4 million) is introduces as a new slowing agent for protozoa. Generally, as the kinetic viscosity of the resin increased from 0.25% to 1% (w/v), the swimming velocity of Euglena gracilis, Didnium nasutu... | Poly(ethylene oxide), a new slowing agent for protozoa. The water-soluble, viscoelastic resin Polyox WSR 301), a poly(ethylene oxide) of high molecular weight (approximately 4 million) is introduces as a new slowing agent for protozoa. Generally, as the kinetic viscosity of the resin increased from 0.25% to 1% (w/v), t... | [
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PMID:21291 | Synthesis and pharmacological activity of some N-alkyl-substituted 9alpha-ethyl-2'-hydroxy-5-methyl-6,7-benzomorphans. | A series of N-substituted 9alpha-ethyl-2'-hydroxy-5-methyl-6,7-benzomorphans was synthesized and evaluated for their narcotic analgesic and antagonistic activities. Compounds 2a and 22 were as potent as morphine in the writhing (PPQ) and hot-plate tests, while a number of compounds demonstrated antagonistic activities ... | Synthesis and pharmacological activity of some N-alkyl-substituted 9alpha-ethyl-2'-hydroxy-5-methyl-6,7-benzomorphans. A series of N-substituted 9alpha-ethyl-2'-hydroxy-5-methyl-6,7-benzomorphans was synthesized and evaluated for their narcotic analgesic and antagonistic activities. Compounds 2a and 22 were as potent a... | [
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PMID:21292 | Application of the Free-Wilson technique to structurally related series of homologues. Quantitative structure-activity relationship studies of narcotic analgetics. | A series of benzomorphans with ED50 values determined in vivo by the hot-plate method in mice is analyzed by the modified Free-Wilson method. The QSAR yields 36 substituent constants (ai) with contributions to the overall activity in agreement with experimental data. Substituent constant values obtained for benzomorpha... | Application of the Free-Wilson technique to structurally related series of homologues. Quantitative structure-activity relationship studies of narcotic analgetics. A series of benzomorphans with ED50 values determined in vivo by the hot-plate method in mice is analyzed by the modified Free-Wilson method. The QSAR yield... | [
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PMID:21293 | Synthesis of 1-substituted analogues of trimetoquinol possessing differential and selective beta-adrenergic properties. | The synthesis of the 1,1-disubstituted tetrahydroisoquinoline analogues, 1-methyl-1-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl)-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline hydrochloride (2) and 1-benzyl-1-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl)-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline hydrochloride (3), is described. The profile of beta-adrenergic... | Synthesis of 1-substituted analogues of trimetoquinol possessing differential and selective beta-adrenergic properties. The synthesis of the 1,1-disubstituted tetrahydroisoquinoline analogues, 1-methyl-1-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl)-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline hydrochloride (2) and 1-benzyl-1-(3,4,5-trimet... | [
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PMID:21294 | A systematic and comprehensive approach to teaching and evaluating interpersonal skills. | This study addressed one problem with current methods for teaching and evaluating interpersonal skills: the failure to include a wide range of behaviors reported in the literature as contributing to patient dissatisfaction and noncompliance. To address this concern, the authors developed a comprehensive interpersonal s... | A systematic and comprehensive approach to teaching and evaluating interpersonal skills. This study addressed one problem with current methods for teaching and evaluating interpersonal skills: the failure to include a wide range of behaviors reported in the literature as contributing to patient dissatisfaction and nonc... | [
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PMID:21295 | The effect of certain rater roles on confidence in physician's assistant ratings. | Previous research on the psychology of confidence suggests that the more confident a rater is in his judgment the more accurate is his rating. The purpose of the present study was to investigate possible differences among raters in their confidence in competency ratings which they had provided. Results indicated signif... | The effect of certain rater roles on confidence in physician's assistant ratings. Previous research on the psychology of confidence suggests that the more confident a rater is in his judgment the more accurate is his rating. The purpose of the present study was to investigate possible differences among raters in their ... | [
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PMID:21297 | Normal acid-base status of arterial blood from the conscious, chair-restrained squirrel monkey. | Normal acid-base status of arterial blood (pHa =7.40, PaCO2=38.1 Torr) was demonstrated for conscious, restrained squirrel monkeys when environmental stimuli were minimized and monkeys are habituated to experimental procedures. These results indicate the potential for using squirrel monkeys in experiments in which norm... | Normal acid-base status of arterial blood from the conscious, chair-restrained squirrel monkey. Normal acid-base status of arterial blood (pHa =7.40, PaCO2=38.1 Torr) was demonstrated for conscious, restrained squirrel monkeys when environmental stimuli were minimized and monkeys are habituated to experimental procedur... | [
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PMID:21298 | Multifocal candidiasis in a capuchin monkey (Cebus apella). | Candidiasis involving nasal, pharyngeal, and intestinal mucosal surfaces and a pharyngeal lymph node was demonstrated microscopically in a young adult female capuchin monkey (Cebus apella) experimentally infected with Schistosoma haematobium (Iran strain). Persistent nasal exudation and weight loss characterized the cl... | Multifocal candidiasis in a capuchin monkey (Cebus apella). Candidiasis involving nasal, pharyngeal, and intestinal mucosal surfaces and a pharyngeal lymph node was demonstrated microscopically in a young adult female capuchin monkey (Cebus apella) experimentally infected with Schistosoma haematobium (Iran strain). Per... | [
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PMID:21301 | Management of dental trauma in children and adolescents. | The emergency treatment of dental trauma has traditionally been handled in the emergency rooms of medical centers, or in the dental office. With increasing emphasis on comprehensive medical care, and the tendency of more recent graduates to locate in rural areas, there is a growing trend for physicians to be involved i... | Management of dental trauma in children and adolescents. The emergency treatment of dental trauma has traditionally been handled in the emergency rooms of medical centers, or in the dental office. With increasing emphasis on comprehensive medical care, and the tendency of more recent graduates to locate in rural areas,... | [
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PMID:21304 | Nonstructural proteins of herpes simplex virus. I. Purification of the induced DNA polymerase. | Herpes simplex virus-induced DNA polymerase purified by published methods was found to be contaminated with many others proteins, including virus structural proteins. Thus, DEAE-cellulose and phosphocellulose chromatography were used in combination with affinity chromatography to purify DNA polymerase from herpes simpl... | Nonstructural proteins of herpes simplex virus. I. Purification of the induced DNA polymerase. Herpes simplex virus-induced DNA polymerase purified by published methods was found to be contaminated with many others proteins, including virus structural proteins. Thus, DEAE-cellulose and phosphocellulose chromatography w... | [
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PMID:21305 | Properties of deoxynucleoside 5'-monophosphatase induced by bacteriophage T5 after infection of Escherichia coli. | Bacteriophage T5 induced a deoxynucleoside 5'-monophosphatase during its infection of Escherichia coli. The enzyme was purified about 100-fold. It was clearly distinct from the host 5'-nucleotidase activity in its physical characteristics and substrate specificity. The enzyme was active on deoxynucleoside 5'-monophosph... | Properties of deoxynucleoside 5'-monophosphatase induced by bacteriophage T5 after infection of Escherichia coli. Bacteriophage T5 induced a deoxynucleoside 5'-monophosphatase during its infection of Escherichia coli. The enzyme was purified about 100-fold. It was clearly distinct from the host 5'-nucleotidase activity... | [
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PMID:21308 | Renal acidifying ability in subjects with recurrent stone formation. | To determine the incidence of an acidification defect in men in whom calcium stones form and its relationship to parathyroid function 120 such patients were given an acute dosage of 0.1 gm. per kg. oral ammonium chloride and circulating immunoreactive parathyroid hormone was determined. The subjects were divided into 2... | Renal acidifying ability in subjects with recurrent stone formation. To determine the incidence of an acidification defect in men in whom calcium stones form and its relationship to parathyroid function 120 such patients were given an acute dosage of 0.1 gm. per kg. oral ammonium chloride and circulating immunoreactive... | [
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PMID:21309 | The effect of bicarbonate and distilled water on sickle cell trait hematuria and in vitro studies on the interaction of osmolality and pH on erythrocyte sickling in sickle cell trait. | The effect of intravenously administered distilled water was examined alone and during alkalization in a patient with gross hematuria associated with the sickle cell trait. On each of 4 occasions hematuria ceased promptly after the infusion of distilled water. Bicarbonate therapy also consistently decreased hematuria. ... | The effect of bicarbonate and distilled water on sickle cell trait hematuria and in vitro studies on the interaction of osmolality and pH on erythrocyte sickling in sickle cell trait. The effect of intravenously administered distilled water was examined alone and during alkalization in a patient with gross hematuria as... | [
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PMID:21310 | Bilateral seminoma 34 years after orchiopexy. | A case of bilateral seminoma in a 59-year-old patient who had undergone bilateral orchiopexy 34 years previously is presented. To our knowledge this is the longest interval between an orchiopexy and diagnosis of bilateral malignancy. | Bilateral seminoma 34 years after orchiopexy. A case of bilateral seminoma in a 59-year-old patient who had undergone bilateral orchiopexy 34 years previously is presented. To our knowledge this is the longest interval between an orchiopexy and diagnosis of bilateral malignancy. | [
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PMID:21311 | Occurrence of rumenitis in a supplementary fed white-tailed deer herd. | Rumenitis was observed with increased frequency in a herd of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) maintained on a high carbohydrate supplemental ration. Healing rumen scars were found in 4.4% (n=225) of animals examined in 1973; 24.1% (n=278) in 1974; and 42.5% (n=308) in 1975. The lesions often involved nearly t... | Occurrence of rumenitis in a supplementary fed white-tailed deer herd. Rumenitis was observed with increased frequency in a herd of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) maintained on a high carbohydrate supplemental ration. Healing rumen scars were found in 4.4% (n=225) of animals examined in 1973; 24.1% (n=278) ... | [
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PMID:21318 | Demonstration of vaccinia virus antigen in brains of postvaccinal encephalitis cases. | Five lethal cases of postovaccinal encephalitis (PVE) were examined in attempts to detect the viral antigen by the fluorescent antibody techniques and to isolate the infectious vaccinia virus. Histologically, the brain tissues were characterized by meningoencephalitis, with perivascular infiltrations and inflammatous r... | Demonstration of vaccinia virus antigen in brains of postvaccinal encephalitis cases. Five lethal cases of postovaccinal encephalitis (PVE) were examined in attempts to detect the viral antigen by the fluorescent antibody techniques and to isolate the infectious vaccinia virus. Histologically, the brain tissues were ch... | [
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PMID:21319 | Prostaglandin synthetase systems in rat and rabbit renal medulla and inhibition by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. | The properties of prostaglandin synthetase systems (PSSs) in the renal medulla of the rat and rabbit, and inhibition by ketoprofen, indomethacin, ibuprofen, phenylbutazone and aspirin were investigated in relation to their anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic and ulcerogenic activities. Rat and rabbit PSSs produce... | Prostaglandin synthetase systems in rat and rabbit renal medulla and inhibition by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The properties of prostaglandin synthetase systems (PSSs) in the renal medulla of the rat and rabbit, and inhibition by ketoprofen, indomethacin, ibuprofen, phenylbutazone and aspirin were investiga... | [
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PMID:21321 | [Evaluation of antireflux effect of fundic patch operation by withdrawal pH curve (author's transl)]. | With the use of gastroesophageal withdrawal pH curve, pathophysiology after various surgical procedures for achalasia of the esophagus was investigated experimentally from the view point of postoperative reflux. A total of 68 dogs were divided into four groups and were prepared with proximal gastrectomy with end-to-end... | [Evaluation of antireflux effect of fundic patch operation by withdrawal pH curve (author's transl)]. With the use of gastroesophageal withdrawal pH curve, pathophysiology after various surgical procedures for achalasia of the esophagus was investigated experimentally from the view point of postoperative reflux. A tota... | [
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PMID:21323 | [Prostaglandin E1: effect on blood gases in infants with cyanotic congenital heart disease (author's transl)]. | 15 infants with cyanotic congenital heart disease (pulmonary atresia, Ebstein-Syndrom) were treated with Prostaglandin E1. During treatment there was a significant rise of PO2 and SO2 in the arterial, capillary and central venous blood. There was a minor rise of pH and HCO3; the arterial pCO2 fell slightly. We used PGE... | [Prostaglandin E1: effect on blood gases in infants with cyanotic congenital heart disease (author's transl)]. 15 infants with cyanotic congenital heart disease (pulmonary atresia, Ebstein-Syndrom) were treated with Prostaglandin E1. During treatment there was a significant rise of PO2 and SO2 in the arterial, capillar... | [
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PMID:21324 | Detection of circulating immune complexes with a modified Raji cell technique. | A modification of the Raji cell technique for the detection of circulating immune complexes is described. Raji lymphoid cells bind immune complexes via the C 3 receptor. Prior to incubation with the test serum it is necessary to block the IgG Fc receptor which would interfere with the assay. In the present modification... | Detection of circulating immune complexes with a modified Raji cell technique. A modification of the Raji cell technique for the detection of circulating immune complexes is described. Raji lymphoid cells bind immune complexes via the C 3 receptor. Prior to incubation with the test serum it is necessary to block the Ig... | [
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PMID:21325 | Polyanion and complement receptor of the glomerular epithelium. Relationship to pH. | Two markers on the surface of glomerular epithelial cells were studied on human and rat tissue. The glomerular polyanion is known to be a sialoglycoprotein present profusely on glomerular epithelial cell surfaces, and it is detected by binding with cationic dyes. This staining is lost after incubation in the pH range 3... | Polyanion and complement receptor of the glomerular epithelium. Relationship to pH. Two markers on the surface of glomerular epithelial cells were studied on human and rat tissue. The glomerular polyanion is known to be a sialoglycoprotein present profusely on glomerular epithelial cell surfaces, and it is detected by ... | [
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PMID:21329 | On the inactivation of hepatic tyrosine aminotransferase. | Tyrosine aminotransferase from frog liver requires no exogenous pyridoxal-5'-phosphate for maximum activity. The cofactor cannot be removed from the enzyme by dialysis as in the case of the rat enzyme. Pyridoxal phosphate also fails to elevate frog liver tyrosine aminotransferase activity in vivo. The enzyme activity d... | On the inactivation of hepatic tyrosine aminotransferase. Tyrosine aminotransferase from frog liver requires no exogenous pyridoxal-5'-phosphate for maximum activity. The cofactor cannot be removed from the enzyme by dialysis as in the case of the rat enzyme. Pyridoxal phosphate also fails to elevate frog liver tyrosin... | [
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PMID:21328 | Model membranes for the study of active transport phenomena. | Models for active transport are prepared by the covalent bonding of molecules containing a catalytic site to the membrane asymmetrically with respect to its thickness. The membrane separates two compartments of unequal volume, both initially containing reactant at the same concentration. We observed the time dependence... | Model membranes for the study of active transport phenomena. Models for active transport are prepared by the covalent bonding of molecules containing a catalytic site to the membrane asymmetrically with respect to its thickness. The membrane separates two compartments of unequal volume, both initially containing reacta... | [
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PMID:21340 | Use of prazosin at the dunedin hypertension clinic controlled and open studies and pharmacokinetic observations. | Prazosin has been used as an antihypertensive drug in the treatment of 93 patients in Dunedin since 1971-1972, mainly those whose previous control was unsatisfactory. It has led to very significant improvement of control in many cases; 48 patients now receiving the drug have taken it for an average of 30 months. Forty-... | Use of prazosin at the dunedin hypertension clinic controlled and open studies and pharmacokinetic observations. Prazosin has been used as an antihypertensive drug in the treatment of 93 patients in Dunedin since 1971-1972, mainly those whose previous control was unsatisfactory. It has led to very significant improveme... | [
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PMID:21345 | [On the action of antihypotensive agents in sympathicotonic orthostatic hypotension in geriartric patients: comparison between placebo and etilefrin (author's transl)]. | The action of etilefrin (Effortil Depot Perlongets) was compared with placebo in a double-blind study in 24 female geriatric patients with sympathicotonic orthostatic hypotension. After determining the basic values, all patients were treated with the active substance in a titration phase lasting one week (dosage 2-3 Pe... | [On the action of antihypotensive agents in sympathicotonic orthostatic hypotension in geriartric patients: comparison between placebo and etilefrin (author's transl)]. The action of etilefrin (Effortil Depot Perlongets) was compared with placebo in a double-blind study in 24 female geriatric patients with sympathicoto... | [
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PMID:21348 | Mutagenesis by simian virus 40. II. Changes in substrate affinities in mutant hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase enzymes at different pH values. | A number of 8-azaguanine-resistant clones selected from Chinese hamster cells infected with SV 40, and supposed to originate by virus infection was investigated to demonstrate and analyze genetic alterations occurring in the cells after infection. All resistant clones tested showed reduced but detectable activity level... | Mutagenesis by simian virus 40. II. Changes in substrate affinities in mutant hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase enzymes at different pH values. A number of 8-azaguanine-resistant clones selected from Chinese hamster cells infected with SV 40, and supposed to originate by virus infection was investigated t... | [
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PMID:21349 | Bacterial stimulation and granulocyte inhibition of granulopoietic factor production. | We attempted to determine the effect of live bacteria (Staphylococcus epidermidis) on granulocyte colony-stimulating-factor production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (monocytes and lymphocytes) in vitro. Addition of bacteria to mononuclear-cell cultures enhanced colony-stimulating-factor production by thes... | Bacterial stimulation and granulocyte inhibition of granulopoietic factor production. We attempted to determine the effect of live bacteria (Staphylococcus epidermidis) on granulocyte colony-stimulating-factor production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (monocytes and lymphocytes) in vitro. Addition of bacte... | [
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PMID:21351 | Reconstitution in severe combined immunodeficiency by transplantation of marrow from an unrelated donor. | A patient with severe combined immunodeficiency received seven transplants of bone marrow from an HLA-B-compatible and HLA-D-compatible unrelated donor in an attempt to provide immunologic reconstitution. The first four transplants achieved restricted engraftment with evidence of rudimentary immunologic function. A fif... | Reconstitution in severe combined immunodeficiency by transplantation of marrow from an unrelated donor. A patient with severe combined immunodeficiency received seven transplants of bone marrow from an HLA-B-compatible and HLA-D-compatible unrelated donor in an attempt to provide immunologic reconstitution. The first ... | [
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PMID:21354 | [Information transmission by means of neurosecretory peptides as mediators]. | Morphological indications and new experimental results demonstrate that neurosecretory peptides or low-molecular proteins, respectively, appear to effect as mediators in information transmission. They are acting as releasers triggering specific behavior programs in the nervous system or as modulators in the regulation ... | [Information transmission by means of neurosecretory peptides as mediators]. Morphological indications and new experimental results demonstrate that neurosecretory peptides or low-molecular proteins, respectively, appear to effect as mediators in information transmission. They are acting as releasers triggering specifi... | [
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PMID:21371 | [Possibilities of treatment of maldescensus testis in the dog (author's transl)]. | The diagnosis of inguinal retention of the testis can be made in the dog from the 10th week of life. Like in man, therapy of this condition can be done with gonadotropins or releasing hormones. In conditions with retention of the testicles in the upper inguinal region LH-RH proved to be more successful than gonadotropi... | [Possibilities of treatment of maldescensus testis in the dog (author's transl)]. The diagnosis of inguinal retention of the testis can be made in the dog from the 10th week of life. Like in man, therapy of this condition can be done with gonadotropins or releasing hormones. In conditions with retention of the testicle... | [
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PMID:21372 | Comparative study of beta andreoceptor antagonists on the isolated atria of control and of the reserpine treated rabbits. | The effect of four adrenoceptor antagonists, chosen because of reported differences in their selectivities, were compared using the positive chronotropic response to isoprenaline on isolated rabbit atria. Oxprenolol was the most potent antagonist of the isoprenaline induced cardiac arrhythmias. Alprenolol, practolol an... | Comparative study of beta andreoceptor antagonists on the isolated atria of control and of the reserpine treated rabbits. The effect of four adrenoceptor antagonists, chosen because of reported differences in their selectivities, were compared using the positive chronotropic response to isoprenaline on isolated rabbit... | [
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PMID:21378 | Arginine esterase and lysosomal hydrolases in liver from cystic fibrosis subjects. | The total activity and isoelectric focusing patterns of arginine esterase, cathepsin B1, and several lysosomal hydrolases were normal in liver from two patients with cystic fibrosis. No abnormalities were observed in values for pH optimum, Km, and Vmax for arginine esterase and cathepsin B1 in liver from cystic fibrosi... | Arginine esterase and lysosomal hydrolases in liver from cystic fibrosis subjects. The total activity and isoelectric focusing patterns of arginine esterase, cathepsin B1, and several lysosomal hydrolases were normal in liver from two patients with cystic fibrosis. No abnormalities were observed in values for pH optimu... | [
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PMID:21381 | Problems in assessment of vividness and control of imagery. | Difficulties in assessing individual differences in vividness and control of mental imagery hinder understanding of the role of of imagery in various phenomena. This study examined the relationships among the Gordon test of imagery control, the Betts questionnaire on imagery vividness, and a research questionnaire on c... | Problems in assessment of vividness and control of imagery. Difficulties in assessing individual differences in vividness and control of mental imagery hinder understanding of the role of of imagery in various phenomena. This study examined the relationships among the Gordon test of imagery control, the Betts questionn... | [
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PMID:21382 | Heat stable inhibitors produced in raw milk. | Twenty raw farm milk samples were tested for inhibitory substances before and after being kept at room temperature until the pH fell to less than 6.3 but greater than 6.2. The tests were done using the IDF-method and the commercial Thermocult method. In both methods B. stearothermophilus var. chalidolactis is used as t... | Heat stable inhibitors produced in raw milk. Twenty raw farm milk samples were tested for inhibitory substances before and after being kept at room temperature until the pH fell to less than 6.3 but greater than 6.2. The tests were done using the IDF-method and the commercial Thermocult method. In both methods B. stear... | [
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PMID:21383 | [Septicemia in the elderly (author's transl)]. | Out of 1,251 patients above 65 years of age staying at the Charles Foix Hospital (prolonged hospitalization) and the St. Joseph Hospital (acute cases), 168 had one or more positive blood cultures. Urinary tract infection is a major source of septicemia due to gram negative bacilli. It is important to stress cases of se... | [Septicemia in the elderly (author's transl)]. Out of 1,251 patients above 65 years of age staying at the Charles Foix Hospital (prolonged hospitalization) and the St. Joseph Hospital (acute cases), 168 had one or more positive blood cultures. Urinary tract infection is a major source of septicemia due to gram negative... | [
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PMID:21384 | [Hereditary deficiency in the enzymes of the biosynthesis of collagen. The Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (author's transl)]. | The mechanism of the biosynthetic pathway of collagen is briefly summarised. The hereditary enzyme deficiencies of this pathway concern some of the Ehlers-Danlos syndromes. Seven clinically well defined varieties of these syndromes have been recognized, all presenting, as common feature, an hyperextensivitry of joints ... | [Hereditary deficiency in the enzymes of the biosynthesis of collagen. The Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (author's transl)]. The mechanism of the biosynthetic pathway of collagen is briefly summarised. The hereditary enzyme deficiencies of this pathway concern some of the Ehlers-Danlos syndromes. Seven clinically well define... | [
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PMID:21388 | Outpatient management of pediatric surgical problems. | A number of pediatric surgical problems commonly seen in the outpatient department or physician's office are reviewed. It is particularly important for the primary care physician to recognize the difficulty of accurate diagnosis in children and the advantage of sedation in improving patient cooperation. Hospitalization... | Outpatient management of pediatric surgical problems. A number of pediatric surgical problems commonly seen in the outpatient department or physician's office are reviewed. It is particularly important for the primary care physician to recognize the difficulty of accurate diagnosis in children and the advantage of seda... | [
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PMID:21390 | [Influence of pH on nisin production by Streptococcus lactis cultures]. | The pH effect on the nisine biosynthesis during the cultivation of Streptococcus lactis was studied at pH 5,8 6,7 and 7,2. The pH maintenance at the specified level did not stimulate the growth of Str. lactis, did not increase the total yield of nisine and did not produce a significant effect on the level or cellular n... | [Influence of pH on nisin production by Streptococcus lactis cultures]. The pH effect on the nisine biosynthesis during the cultivation of Streptococcus lactis was studied at pH 5,8 6,7 and 7,2. The pH maintenance at the specified level did not stimulate the growth of Str. lactis, did not increase the total yield of ni... | [
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PMID:21420 | Effects of neuroleptics on morphine-induced tail erection in mice. | Morphine elicits dose-dependent tail erection in mice. Pretreatment of mice with atropine, phenoxybenzamine, propranolol, diphenhydramine, cyproheptadine or parachlorophenylalanine did not interfere with tail erection induced by morphone. Several neuroleptic drugs which are dopamine receptor blocking agents showed a cl... | Effects of neuroleptics on morphine-induced tail erection in mice. Morphine elicits dose-dependent tail erection in mice. Pretreatment of mice with atropine, phenoxybenzamine, propranolol, diphenhydramine, cyproheptadine or parachlorophenylalanine did not interfere with tail erection induced by morphone. Several neurol... | [
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PMID:21421 | Combination operant conditioning--liquid nitrogen immersion chamber for studying neurotransmitter systems and behavior. | Studies of neurochemical events associated with behavior require a method of tissue fixation that is rapid and does not itself produce neurochemical changes. An apparatus is described that permits immediate immersion of an unrestrained behaving animal into liquid nitrogen. This method of tissue fixation has the greates... | Combination operant conditioning--liquid nitrogen immersion chamber for studying neurotransmitter systems and behavior. Studies of neurochemical events associated with behavior require a method of tissue fixation that is rapid and does not itself produce neurochemical changes. An apparatus is described that permits imm... | [
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PMID:21422 | Potentiation of beta-sympathomimetics with alpha-adrenoceptor blocking drugs in guinea pig trachea and human bronchus preparations. | The actions of beta-sympathomimetics alone and in various combinations with alpha-adrenoceptor blocking agents were studied in guinea pig tracheal chain and in some preparations of human bronchi taken in operations. All the alpha-adrenoceptor blockers caused 50-100% potentiation of the effects of the beta-sympathomimet... | Potentiation of beta-sympathomimetics with alpha-adrenoceptor blocking drugs in guinea pig trachea and human bronchus preparations. The actions of beta-sympathomimetics alone and in various combinations with alpha-adrenoceptor blocking agents were studied in guinea pig tracheal chain and in some preparations of human b... | [
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PMID:21429 | Norepinephrine-sensitive adenylate cyclase in rat hypothalamus: effects of adrenergic blockers and narcotics. | The norepinephrine-sensitive adenylate cyclase system in the rat brain was examined. Adrenergic blocking agents and the relative activity of structurally related catecholamines were employed to determine whether norepinephrine-stimulated accumulation of [3H]c-AMP in the hypothalamus occurred via alpha or beta adrenergi... | Norepinephrine-sensitive adenylate cyclase in rat hypothalamus: effects of adrenergic blockers and narcotics. The norepinephrine-sensitive adenylate cyclase system in the rat brain was examined. Adrenergic blocking agents and the relative activity of structurally related catecholamines were employed to determine whethe... | [
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PMID:21430 | Determination of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol in urine and the effect of diet on its excretion. | A modified method is described for determination of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) in urine by gas chromatography with electron capture detection. The method is reproducible and mean (+/- SD) recoveries of MHPG from urine were 78.5 +/- 12.7% and 76.5 +/- 15.0% in two separate series of analyses. Mean 24-hour MH... | Determination of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol in urine and the effect of diet on its excretion. A modified method is described for determination of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) in urine by gas chromatography with electron capture detection. The method is reproducible and mean (+/- SD) recoveries of MHPG fr... | [
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PMID:21433 | Properties of blood oxygen transport in the turtle Pseudemys scripta and the tortoise Testudo graeca: effects of temperature, CO2 and pH. | Properties of oxygen-haemoglobin binding have been investigated in the aquatic turtle Psuedemys scripta and the terrestrial tortoise Testudo graeca. Haematocrit (30-35%) and haemoglobin concentration (12-14 g/100 ml blood) were similar in both species. P50 at physiological levels of PCO2 (20-25 mm Hg) was 21 mm Hg in P... | Properties of blood oxygen transport in the turtle Pseudemys scripta and the tortoise Testudo graeca: effects of temperature, CO2 and pH. Properties of oxygen-haemoglobin binding have been investigated in the aquatic turtle Psuedemys scripta and the terrestrial tortoise Testudo graeca. Haematocrit (30-35%) and haemoglo... | [
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PMID:21434 | Oxygen affinity of avian blood. | Oxygen dissociation curves plotted directly on whole blood during oxygenation using a Radiometer DCA 1 gave P50 values of 39.2 +/- 2.2 mm Hg and 51.3 +/- 6.2 mm Hg for pigeon and chicken blood, respectively, at 41 degrees C, pH 7.5 and PCO2 29 mm Hg. These values agree well with earlier results obtained by a variety of... | Oxygen affinity of avian blood. Oxygen dissociation curves plotted directly on whole blood during oxygenation using a Radiometer DCA 1 gave P50 values of 39.2 +/- 2.2 mm Hg and 51.3 +/- 6.2 mm Hg for pigeon and chicken blood, respectively, at 41 degrees C, pH 7.5 and PCO2 29 mm Hg. These values agree well with earlier ... | [
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PMID:21435 | Gas exchange and acid-base regulation in the blood and extraembryonic fluids of the developing chicken embryo. | Measurements of pH, PCO2, PO2 and total CO2 were recorded simultaneously in samples of chorioallantoic fluid, amnionic fluid and blood of the chorioallantoic artery from chicken embryos on days 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 17 and 18 of incubation. During the incubation period studied, PCO2 levels similarly increased in the blood... | Gas exchange and acid-base regulation in the blood and extraembryonic fluids of the developing chicken embryo. Measurements of pH, PCO2, PO2 and total CO2 were recorded simultaneously in samples of chorioallantoic fluid, amnionic fluid and blood of the chorioallantoic artery from chicken embryos on days 8, 10, 12, 14, ... | [
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PMID:21443 | Relationship between gastro-oesophageal acid reflux, basal gastro-oesophageal sphincter pressure, and gastric acid secretion. | Twelve-hour continuous pH-recording at the distal end of the oesophagus and measurement of basal gastro-oesophageal sphincter pressure with perfused catheters were carried out in 108 subjects. Fasting gastric secretion, basal secretion, and maximal acid secretion after subcutaneous injection of 6 microgram pentagastrin... | Relationship between gastro-oesophageal acid reflux, basal gastro-oesophageal sphincter pressure, and gastric acid secretion. Twelve-hour continuous pH-recording at the distal end of the oesophagus and measurement of basal gastro-oesophageal sphincter pressure with perfused catheters were carried out in 108 subjects. F... | [
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PMID:21444 | Gastro-oesophageal acid reflux in patients with symptomatic hiatus hernia and effect of a modified Belsey MK IV repair on acid reflux. | Twelve-hour continuous recording of pH at the distal end of the oesophagus was carried out in 59 patients with sliding hiatus hernia and symptoms suggestive of gastro-oesophageal reflux, and the results were compared with those obtained in normal subjects. Mean duration of pH less than or equal to 2.3, pH less than or ... | Gastro-oesophageal acid reflux in patients with symptomatic hiatus hernia and effect of a modified Belsey MK IV repair on acid reflux. Twelve-hour continuous recording of pH at the distal end of the oesophagus was carried out in 59 patients with sliding hiatus hernia and symptoms suggestive of gastro-oesophageal reflux... | [
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PMID:21446 | Anti-parental lymphocyte reactions in neonatal F1 hybrid rats. | The subpopulation of parental-strain lymphocytes responsible for the recognition of a particular F1 hybrid strain as foreign has been shown to be subject to specific, reversible inactivation after its injection into neonatal rats of that F1 hybrid strain. Neonates born to mothers that were syngeneic with the parental-s... | Anti-parental lymphocyte reactions in neonatal F1 hybrid rats. The subpopulation of parental-strain lymphocytes responsible for the recognition of a particular F1 hybrid strain as foreign has been shown to be subject to specific, reversible inactivation after its injection into neonatal rats of that F1 hybrid strain. N... | [
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PMID:21448 | Sensitization of contracted tracheal smooth muscle to beta-adrenergic spasmolysis by subthreshold doses of papaverine. | In certain cases beta-adrenergic substances cause little or no relaxation of tracheal or bronchiolar smooth muscles contracted by spasmogenic mediators. This phenomenon is explained on the basis of the model of functional antagonism, with the suppositions that the spasmogenic system has a reserve and the spasmogen conc... | Sensitization of contracted tracheal smooth muscle to beta-adrenergic spasmolysis by subthreshold doses of papaverine. In certain cases beta-adrenergic substances cause little or no relaxation of tracheal or bronchiolar smooth muscles contracted by spasmogenic mediators. This phenomenon is explained on the basis of the... | [
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PMID:21449 | [Intermittent positive pressure breathing (IPPB) with respirators in home nursing]. | 29 patients using a home respirator have been studied. Management of the respirator and inhalation were correct in 86%. Bacteriologic contamination in home treatment poses few problems. Blood gases and spirometric lung function tests do not demonstrate amelioration but show stabilization in long term treatment. Costs a... | [Intermittent positive pressure breathing (IPPB) with respirators in home nursing]. 29 patients using a home respirator have been studied. Management of the respirator and inhalation were correct in 86%. Bacteriologic contamination in home treatment poses few problems. Blood gases and spirometric lung function tests do... | [
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PMID:21451 | The white cloud. The changing pattern of hematologic research as exemplified by studies of oxygen transport. | Medical research has become an integral part of governmental health care systems. As a consequence of this subsidization, its resources are far greater, while its activities have become more directly responsible to the perceived needs of the people. Clinical investigation in particular has been affected by this adjustm... | The white cloud. The changing pattern of hematologic research as exemplified by studies of oxygen transport. Medical research has become an integral part of governmental health care systems. As a consequence of this subsidization, its resources are far greater, while its activities have become more directly responsible... | [
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PMID:21452 | Deuterolysis of amino acid precursors: evidence for hydrogen cyanide polymers as protein ancestors. | Deuterolysis experiments suggest that hydrogen cyanide polymers rather than aminoacetonitriles are major precursors of alpha-amino acids obtained from spark reactions and other studies on chemical evolution. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the original heteropolypeptides on the earth were synthesi... | Deuterolysis of amino acid precursors: evidence for hydrogen cyanide polymers as protein ancestors. Deuterolysis experiments suggest that hydrogen cyanide polymers rather than aminoacetonitriles are major precursors of alpha-amino acids obtained from spark reactions and other studies on chemical evolution. These result... | [
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PMID:21453 | Flurazepam effects on slow-wave sleep: stage 4 suppressed but number of delta waves constant. | Repeated administration of flurazepam reduced stage 4 sleep (high delta-wave concentration) but produced a greater increase in stage 2 duration so that total sleep time was increased. Computer analysis revealed that the increased amount of stage 2 (low delta-wave concentration) sleep provided a number and duration of d... | Flurazepam effects on slow-wave sleep: stage 4 suppressed but number of delta waves constant. Repeated administration of flurazepam reduced stage 4 sleep (high delta-wave concentration) but produced a greater increase in stage 2 duration so that total sleep time was increased. Computer analysis revealed that the increa... | [
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PMID:21455 | Repeat myocardial revascularization for uncontrollable angina after occlusion of prior aortocoronary bypass. | Twelve patients at Emory University Hospital have had repeat myocardial revascularization for recurrent, uncontrollable, disabling angina pectoris after previous coronary artery bypass grafts. The interval betweeen initial bypass procedure and reoperation ranged from six weeks to six years. The native coronary circulat... | Repeat myocardial revascularization for uncontrollable angina after occlusion of prior aortocoronary bypass. Twelve patients at Emory University Hospital have had repeat myocardial revascularization for recurrent, uncontrollable, disabling angina pectoris after previous coronary artery bypass grafts. The interval betwe... | [
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PMID:21457 | Minocycline treatment failure in pneumonia caused by minocycline-sensitive Streptococcus pneumoniae. | A previously healthy 23-year-old white woman had fulminant pneumococcal pneumonia complicated by empyema and bilateral pneumothoraces. Despite early treatment with the recommended doses of minocycline, the disease progressed. The S pneumoniae isolate was resistant to a 30microgram tetracycline disk and showed an MIC of... | Minocycline treatment failure in pneumonia caused by minocycline-sensitive Streptococcus pneumoniae. A previously healthy 23-year-old white woman had fulminant pneumococcal pneumonia complicated by empyema and bilateral pneumothoraces. Despite early treatment with the recommended doses of minocycline, the disease progr... | [
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PMID:21458 | Observation on the reduction of the prevalence of malayan filariasis in Chumphon Province of South Thailand. | Further studies on malayan filariasis were made at Bangluke canton of Chumphon province of South Thailand, where mass drug treatment was not applied. It was found after 9 years that there was a marked reduction in filariasis in the area. The filariasis infection rate being decreased from 14.1 to 1.9 per cent, the micro... | Observation on the reduction of the prevalence of malayan filariasis in Chumphon Province of South Thailand. Further studies on malayan filariasis were made at Bangluke canton of Chumphon province of South Thailand, where mass drug treatment was not applied. It was found after 9 years that there was a marked reduction ... | [
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PMID:21459 | Anaesthetic induction and maintenance with flunitrazepam. | Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol) was investigated as an intravenous induction agent for dental procedures in 15 patients in a private anaesthetic practice. During this study it was noted that the normal halothane requirement could be reduced substantially. A second study to investigate this new phenomenon was done on 50 patien... | Anaesthetic induction and maintenance with flunitrazepam. Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol) was investigated as an intravenous induction agent for dental procedures in 15 patients in a private anaesthetic practice. During this study it was noted that the normal halothane requirement could be reduced substantially. A second stud... | [
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PMID:21461 | Blood viscosity in modern medicine. | The understanding and measurement of blood viscosity play an important part in mordern medicine. The basic principles and relevances of fluid viscosity are discussed. Factors which alter viscosity include shear rate, haematocrit, erythrocyte deformability, internal fluidity, pH, plasma proteins, temperature, osmolality... | Blood viscosity in modern medicine. The understanding and measurement of blood viscosity play an important part in mordern medicine. The basic principles and relevances of fluid viscosity are discussed. Factors which alter viscosity include shear rate, haematocrit, erythrocyte deformability, internal fluidity, pH, plas... | [
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PMID:21462 | Fertility in undescended testes. | Since 1956 many children with undescended testes have been treated at the Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital in Cape Town, and in this article the conesequent degree of fertility achieved by orchidopexy, the method of treatment, is appraised. In 567 children the condition was unilateral, and in 202 it was bilat... | Fertility in undescended testes. Since 1956 many children with undescended testes have been treated at the Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital in Cape Town, and in this article the conesequent degree of fertility achieved by orchidopexy, the method of treatment, is appraised. In 567 children the condition was un... | [
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PMID:21463 | Biochemical genetic analysis of pyrimidine biosynthesis in mammalian cells: I. Isolation of a mutant defective in the early steps of de novo pyrimidine synthesis. | The isolation and characterization of a new mutant of Chinese hamster ovary cells is described. This mutant, Urd-A, shows an absolute requirement for exogenously added pyrimidines for growth. Complementation analysis indicates that the lesion in this mutant is recessive. Revertants can be isolated at frequencies sugges... | Biochemical genetic analysis of pyrimidine biosynthesis in mammalian cells: I. Isolation of a mutant defective in the early steps of de novo pyrimidine synthesis. The isolation and characterization of a new mutant of Chinese hamster ovary cells is described. This mutant, Urd-A, shows an absolute requirement for exogeno... | [
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PMID:21467 | [Veterinary and clinical experience of the use of a beta2-receptor-stimulating sympathicomimetic agent (NAB 365) in horses with respiratory discase (author's transl)]. | The manufacturers state that NAB 365 is a beta2-receptor-stimulating sympathicomimetic agent. According to the medical literature it combines a bronchial antispasmodic effect with certain bronchia secretolytic properties and has few untoward side-effects on, for instance, the heart and intestine. The effectiveness of a... | [Veterinary and clinical experience of the use of a beta2-receptor-stimulating sympathicomimetic agent (NAB 365) in horses with respiratory discase (author's transl)]. The manufacturers state that NAB 365 is a beta2-receptor-stimulating sympathicomimetic agent. According to the medical literature it combines a bronchia... | [
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PMID:21469 | Antibacterial activity detected in duodenal juice. | Antibacterial activity could be detected in bacterium-negative duodenal juice from 3 patients, whereas it was not detected in bacterium-positive duodenal juice from other 3 patients. The follow-up study revealed that appearance of the activity in duodenal juice was just coincident with disappearance of bacteria in duod... | Antibacterial activity detected in duodenal juice. Antibacterial activity could be detected in bacterium-negative duodenal juice from 3 patients, whereas it was not detected in bacterium-positive duodenal juice from other 3 patients. The follow-up study revealed that appearance of the activity in duodenal juice was jus... | [
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PMID:21470 | A rapid fluorometric assay of angiotensin-converting enzyme. | A rapid, simple and sensitive method is described for the fluorometric assay of angiotesin-converting enzyme using Fluorescamine. The critical factors such as optimal pH, incubation time, chloride ion, and inactivation by EDTA and 8-hydroxyquinoline were examined. The Km value for hippuryl-L-histidyl-L-leucine was 0.5 ... | A rapid fluorometric assay of angiotensin-converting enzyme. A rapid, simple and sensitive method is described for the fluorometric assay of angiotesin-converting enzyme using Fluorescamine. The critical factors such as optimal pH, incubation time, chloride ion, and inactivation by EDTA and 8-hydroxyquinoline were exam... | [
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PMID:21471 | Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase activity of leukocytes in variants and heterozygotes of methylmalonic acidemia. | An assay method for the methylmalonyl-CoA mutase of leukocytes obtained from 3 ml of blood was established. The enzyme activity which was measured with or without the in vitro addition of 5'-deoxyadenosylcobalamin was found to be of value for the diagnosis of two variants of methylmalonic acidemia (vitamin B12 responsi... | Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase activity of leukocytes in variants and heterozygotes of methylmalonic acidemia. An assay method for the methylmalonyl-CoA mutase of leukocytes obtained from 3 ml of blood was established. The enzyme activity which was measured with or without the in vitro addition of 5'-deoxyadenosylcobalamin w... | [
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0.024000447243452072,
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