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PMID:23207 | On the use of some phenothiazine derivatives in chickens. | 1. Perphenazine, promethazine and levomepromazine induced sedation in young pullets following intramuscular injections. 2. The best results were obtained with perphenazine at a dose rate of 1-5 mg/kg. | On the use of some phenothiazine derivatives in chickens. 1. Perphenazine, promethazine and levomepromazine induced sedation in young pullets following intramuscular injections. 2. The best results were obtained with perphenazine at a dose rate of 1-5 mg/kg. | [
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PMID:23209 | Further studies on the cardiolipin phosphodiesterase of Escherichia coli. | The cardiolipin phosphodiesterase of Escherichia coli was further characterized. This enzyme has a pH optimum of 7.0 and is Mg2+ dependent. Mn2+ and Co2+ could replace Mg2+ but other divalent cations were inhibitory or without effect. The enzyme is not periplasmic and does not appear to be associated with membrane frac... | Further studies on the cardiolipin phosphodiesterase of Escherichia coli. The cardiolipin phosphodiesterase of Escherichia coli was further characterized. This enzyme has a pH optimum of 7.0 and is Mg2+ dependent. Mn2+ and Co2+ could replace Mg2+ but other divalent cations were inhibitory or without effect. The enzyme ... | [
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PMID:23211 | Effect of monoamine receptor agonists and antagonists on cyclic AMP accumulation in human cerebral cortex slices. | In human cerebral cortex slices noradrenaline, isoproterenol (a beta-adrenergic agonist), dopamine, apomorphine (a dopaminergic agonist), and serotonin stimulated cyclic AMP formation: noradrenaline greater than or equal to isoproterenol greater than dopamine = apomorphine = serotonin. Clonidine (and alpha-adrenergic a... | Effect of monoamine receptor agonists and antagonists on cyclic AMP accumulation in human cerebral cortex slices. In human cerebral cortex slices noradrenaline, isoproterenol (a beta-adrenergic agonist), dopamine, apomorphine (a dopaminergic agonist), and serotonin stimulated cyclic AMP formation: noradrenaline greater... | [
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PMID:23212 | The effects of changes in inspired oxygen concentration on the experimental production of pulmonary edema in the dog with chronic left ventricular overload. | A twofold increase in left ventricular output was achieved by suturing a Telfon graft between the aorta and left atrium in dogs. Three weeks after surgery the animals were anesthetized and found to have left ventricular end-diastolic pressures averaging 36 mmHg with markedly elevated right ventricular systolic pressure... | The effects of changes in inspired oxygen concentration on the experimental production of pulmonary edema in the dog with chronic left ventricular overload. A twofold increase in left ventricular output was achieved by suturing a Telfon graft between the aorta and left atrium in dogs. Three weeks after surgery the anim... | [
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PMID:23213 | Symposium on intensive care: 3. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in the intensive care unit. | Bleeding from hemorrhagic erosions in the stomach or duodenum of seriously ill patients is associated with a high mortality. While the pathogenesis of such lesions is by no means certain, it is known that they are universal after shock, sepsis or severe burns. Fiberoptic endoscopy has become the most valuable means of ... | Symposium on intensive care: 3. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in the intensive care unit. Bleeding from hemorrhagic erosions in the stomach or duodenum of seriously ill patients is associated with a high mortality. While the pathogenesis of such lesions is by no means certain, it is known that they are universal afte... | [
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PMID:23218 | A monolayer (pi,deltaV) study of the ionic properties of alanylphosphatidylglycerol: effects of pH and ions. | 1,2-Didodecanolyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoryl-1'-(3'-O-L-alanyl)-sn-glycerol (Ala-PG) has been synthetized. Its ionic properties have been studied at the air-water interface through film compressions and surface potential measurements as a function of subphase pH and ionic content (NaCl, Na2MoO4, CaCl2). The existence of t... | A monolayer (pi,deltaV) study of the ionic properties of alanylphosphatidylglycerol: effects of pH and ions. 1,2-Didodecanolyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoryl-1'-(3'-O-L-alanyl)-sn-glycerol (Ala-PG) has been synthetized. Its ionic properties have been studied at the air-water interface through film compressions and surface pot... | [
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PMID:23221 | [Purification of the glutamate decarboxylase from human brain]. | A method of purifying the glutamate decarboxylase from human brain is described. The enzyme was purified 8 000 fold in regard to the initial homogenate and appears homogenous by electrophoresis, both in denaturing and non-denaturing conditions. The molecular weight of the native enzyme and its subunits indicate that GA... | [Purification of the glutamate decarboxylase from human brain]. A method of purifying the glutamate decarboxylase from human brain is described. The enzyme was purified 8 000 fold in regard to the initial homogenate and appears homogenous by electrophoresis, both in denaturing and non-denaturing conditions. The molecul... | [
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PMID:23223 | Endotoxemia and large intestinal blood flow in subhuman primates. | The hemodynamic effects of Escherichia coli endotoxin (LD80) were measured in the large intestine of anesthetized Rhesus monkeys to determine whether this organ contributes to the pathogenesis of experimental shock. Inferior mesenteric arterial blood flow (IMF) was measured with an electromagnetic flowmeter. Pressures ... | Endotoxemia and large intestinal blood flow in subhuman primates. The hemodynamic effects of Escherichia coli endotoxin (LD80) were measured in the large intestine of anesthetized Rhesus monkeys to determine whether this organ contributes to the pathogenesis of experimental shock. Inferior mesenteric arterial blood flo... | [
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PMID:23219 | [Technical note on the isolation of arboviruses by inoculation in young mice: preparation of the mosquito brei]. | Studying the effects of centrifugation and deep freezing on the quantity of yellow fever virus in a grinded pool of mosquitoes, the authors followed the mortality rate of inoculated baby mice with twenty five artificially infected mosquitoes treated in four different ways. The statistical analysis of the results show t... | [Technical note on the isolation of arboviruses by inoculation in young mice: preparation of the mosquito brei]. Studying the effects of centrifugation and deep freezing on the quantity of yellow fever virus in a grinded pool of mosquitoes, the authors followed the mortality rate of inoculated baby mice with twenty fiv... | [
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PMID:23225 | Simple, refined fluorometric method for measuring cystyl-amino peptidase activity. | Cystyl-amino peptidase (EC 3.4.11.3) activity in serum or plasma was measured fluorometrically using L-cystine-di-beta-naphthylamide in the absence and presence of thiol such as mercaptoethanol. In the presence of thiol, L-cystine-di-beta-naphthylamide is converted to L-cysteine-beta-naphthylamide, and the enzyme activ... | Simple, refined fluorometric method for measuring cystyl-amino peptidase activity. Cystyl-amino peptidase (EC 3.4.11.3) activity in serum or plasma was measured fluorometrically using L-cystine-di-beta-naphthylamide in the absence and presence of thiol such as mercaptoethanol. In the presence of thiol, L-cystine-di-bet... | [
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PMID:23226 | Influence of thiocyanate ions on starch-iodine reaction used for the estimation of alpha-amylase activity. | A strong simulating effect of thiocyanate ions during the estimation of alpha-amylase by the amyloclastic method is shown. Thiocyanate ions themselves catalyse the decolorization of the starch-iodine complex. This may lead to wrong values during determination of alpha-amylase by this method. The rate of thiocyanate-iod... | Influence of thiocyanate ions on starch-iodine reaction used for the estimation of alpha-amylase activity. A strong simulating effect of thiocyanate ions during the estimation of alpha-amylase by the amyloclastic method is shown. Thiocyanate ions themselves catalyse the decolorization of the starch-iodine complex. This... | [
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PMID:23227 | A protein-binding assay for measurement of biotin in physiological fluids. | A sensitive and convenient protein-binding assay for biotin in physiological fluids is described. The method is based upon the binding of an iodinated biotin conjugate by avidin followed by separation of bound and free conjugate by charcoal absorption. Adult plasma biotin levels averaged 1.26 pmol/ml, a value comparabl... | A protein-binding assay for measurement of biotin in physiological fluids. A sensitive and convenient protein-binding assay for biotin in physiological fluids is described. The method is based upon the binding of an iodinated biotin conjugate by avidin followed by separation of bound and free conjugate by charcoal abso... | [
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PMID:23228 | Calibration of a turbidimetric assay of serum lipase activity. | Serum lipase activity has been measured by the turbidimetric method of Shihabi and Bishop, using an olive oil suspension as substrate (Shihabi, Z.K. and Bishop, C. (1971) Clin. Chem. 17, 1150-1153). For this method we developed a new calibration procedure, which can be carried out with great precision. Moreover, the te... | Calibration of a turbidimetric assay of serum lipase activity. Serum lipase activity has been measured by the turbidimetric method of Shihabi and Bishop, using an olive oil suspension as substrate (Shihabi, Z.K. and Bishop, C. (1971) Clin. Chem. 17, 1150-1153). For this method we developed a new calibration procedure, ... | [
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PMID:23229 | The effect of sickle cell haemoglobin polymerization on hydrogen ion dissociation. | An increase in hydrogen ion dissociation was found on sickling due to sickle cell haemoglobin polymerization. Since a decrease in pH favours sickling, this might enhance the sickling process in a vicious cycle. | The effect of sickle cell haemoglobin polymerization on hydrogen ion dissociation. An increase in hydrogen ion dissociation was found on sickling due to sickle cell haemoglobin polymerization. Since a decrease in pH favours sickling, this might enhance the sickling process in a vicious cycle. | [
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PMID:23230 | The mechanism underlying increased tryptaminuria after alcohol ingestion. | It is demonstrated that the increased tryptaminuria which follows alcohol ingestion can be abolished by the concurrent ingestion of alkali even when the amount of alkali consumed is insufficient to increase urinary pH to 6.5 (above which pH a fall in urinary tryptamine may be anticipated, from previous studies, to occu... | The mechanism underlying increased tryptaminuria after alcohol ingestion. It is demonstrated that the increased tryptaminuria which follows alcohol ingestion can be abolished by the concurrent ingestion of alkali even when the amount of alkali consumed is insufficient to increase urinary pH to 6.5 (above which pH a fal... | [
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PMID:23231 | A benign deficiency of typeB beta-galactosidase in human liver. | The type A or 'acid' and type B or 'neutral' beta-galactosidase activities have been measured in post-mortem liver samples from individuals dying of non-genetic diseases and patients dying of ganglioside storage disease other than GM1 gangliosidosis. The type A activities fell within the established normal range in all... | A benign deficiency of typeB beta-galactosidase in human liver. The type A or 'acid' and type B or 'neutral' beta-galactosidase activities have been measured in post-mortem liver samples from individuals dying of non-genetic diseases and patients dying of ganglioside storage disease other than GM1 gangliosidosis. The t... | [
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PMID:23232 | Acquired enzymopathy of erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in acute viral hepatitis. | Erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from patients with acute viral hepatitis has been purified and characterized. The enzyme showed decreased activity (relative to protein), reduced affinity for glucose 6-phosphate and was inactivated at 45 degrees C or at low pH values. The activity and properties of normal ... | Acquired enzymopathy of erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in acute viral hepatitis. Erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from patients with acute viral hepatitis has been purified and characterized. The enzyme showed decreased activity (relative to protein), reduced affinity for glucose 6-phosphate... | [
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PMID:23233 | Lysosomal glycosidase activities in human hair roots. | The levels of three lysosomal glycosidase, alpha-D-mannosidase, a-L-fucosidase and beta-D-hexosaminidase have been determined in normal hair roots and in hair roots obtained from a patient with mannosidosis. The most active glycosidase in normal hair roots was beta-D-hexosaminidase, followed by alpha-L-fucosidase and a... | Lysosomal glycosidase activities in human hair roots. The levels of three lysosomal glycosidase, alpha-D-mannosidase, a-L-fucosidase and beta-D-hexosaminidase have been determined in normal hair roots and in hair roots obtained from a patient with mannosidosis. The most active glycosidase in normal hair roots was beta-... | [
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PMID:23265 | Peptidases in germinating barley grain: properties, localization and possible functions. | Barley grain contains about 10% insoluble reserve proteins. When the grain germinates the reserve proteins are hydrolysed to amino acids and transported to the growing tissues of the seedling. In the resting grain most of the reserve proteins are 'packed' into the non-living storage tissue, the starchy endosperm. Durin... | Peptidases in germinating barley grain: properties, localization and possible functions. Barley grain contains about 10% insoluble reserve proteins. When the grain germinates the reserve proteins are hydrolysed to amino acids and transported to the growing tissues of the seedling. In the resting grain most of the reser... | [
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PMID:23267 | Hepatic mono-oxygenase activity and hepatocellular morphology in chickens treated with 3-methylcholanthrene. | Hepatic drug metabolism in the chicken was investigated. White leghorn chickens were administered 20 mg of 3-methylcholanthrene (3MC) per kg 72 and 48 hr before killing. Levels of hepatic cytochrome P-450 were increased approximately 4-fold. In vitro ethylmorphine N-demethylase (ND) activity was enhanced approximately ... | Hepatic mono-oxygenase activity and hepatocellular morphology in chickens treated with 3-methylcholanthrene. Hepatic drug metabolism in the chicken was investigated. White leghorn chickens were administered 20 mg of 3-methylcholanthrene (3MC) per kg 72 and 48 hr before killing. Levels of hepatic cytochrome P-450 were i... | [
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PMID:23269 | N-Acetylation of drugs. A genetically controlled reciprocal relationship between drug N-acetylating enzymes of rabbit liver and peripheral blood cells. | The reciprocal relation between liver isoniazid N-acetyltransferase and blood p-aminobenzoic and N-acetyltransferase previously reported is confirmed and found to be expressed in erythrocytes and lymphocytes of genetically rapid and slow isoniazid-acetylator rabbits. Both erythrocytes and lymphocytes from slow acetylat... | N-Acetylation of drugs. A genetically controlled reciprocal relationship between drug N-acetylating enzymes of rabbit liver and peripheral blood cells. The reciprocal relation between liver isoniazid N-acetyltransferase and blood p-aminobenzoic and N-acetyltransferase previously reported is confirmed and found to be ex... | [
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PMID:23272 | Identification of the metabolites of trichlorocarbanilide in the rat. | The metabolism and excretion of 14C-labeled 3,4,4'-trichlorodiphenylurea has been studied in the rat after oral and iv administration. More than 80% of the administered radioactivity was excreted in the feces and urine over 5 days. Five isolated metabolites were characterized by mass spectrometry and by comparative thi... | Identification of the metabolites of trichlorocarbanilide in the rat. The metabolism and excretion of 14C-labeled 3,4,4'-trichlorodiphenylurea has been studied in the rat after oral and iv administration. More than 80% of the administered radioactivity was excreted in the feces and urine over 5 days. Five isolated meta... | [
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PMID:23274 | Absorption, metabolism, and excretion of 14C-tosifen in the dog and rat. | 14C-tosifen [N-2-(1-phenylpropyl)-N'-p-tolyl sulfonylurea] was readily absorbed in both rats and dogs. The rates of absorption, metabolism, and urinary excretion were higher in the rat than in the dog. More of the drug was excreted via the feces than in the urine of the rat, whereas in the dog, the drug was primarily e... | Absorption, metabolism, and excretion of 14C-tosifen in the dog and rat. 14C-tosifen [N-2-(1-phenylpropyl)-N'-p-tolyl sulfonylurea] was readily absorbed in both rats and dogs. The rates of absorption, metabolism, and urinary excretion were higher in the rat than in the dog. More of the drug was excreted via the feces t... | [
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PMID:23271 | The metabolism of alpha-aminobenzo(b)thiophene-3-propionic acid (the sulfur analog of tryptophan) in the rat. | The biotransformation of 3H-labeled alpha-aminobenzo[b]thiophene-3-propionic acid (the sulfur analog of tryptophan) was investigated in rats. Forty-eight hours after ip administration, 80% of the radioactive dose was recovered in the urine and 5% in the feces; tissue levels of radioactivity accounted for the remainder ... | The metabolism of alpha-aminobenzo(b)thiophene-3-propionic acid (the sulfur analog of tryptophan) in the rat. The biotransformation of 3H-labeled alpha-aminobenzo[b]thiophene-3-propionic acid (the sulfur analog of tryptophan) was investigated in rats. Forty-eight hours after ip administration, 80% of the radioactive do... | [
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PMID:23276 | Excretion of phenytoin into semen of rabbits and man. Comparison with plasma levels. | The concentration of phenytoin (diphenylhydantoin, DPH) was measured in plasma and semen of rabbits and man. In the rabbit, a single iv injection of DPH (4.64 mg) resulted in a concentration-time curve for DPH in semen parallel to the concentration-time curve for DPH in plasma (t1/2beta = 171 +/- 29 min). A semen/plasm... | Excretion of phenytoin into semen of rabbits and man. Comparison with plasma levels. The concentration of phenytoin (diphenylhydantoin, DPH) was measured in plasma and semen of rabbits and man. In the rabbit, a single iv injection of DPH (4.64 mg) resulted in a concentration-time curve for DPH in semen parallel to the ... | [
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PMID:23278 | Absorption and disposition of oxarbazole in man and laboratory animals. | Oxarbazole (9-benzoyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-methoxycarbazole-3-carboxylic acid) was absorbed by human volunteers, rats, dogs, guinea pigs, and monkeys. In all species of laboratory animals studied, the major urinary metabolite was the product of O-demethylation, 9-benzoyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-hydroxycarbazole-3-carboxyl... | Absorption and disposition of oxarbazole in man and laboratory animals. Oxarbazole (9-benzoyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-methoxycarbazole-3-carboxylic acid) was absorbed by human volunteers, rats, dogs, guinea pigs, and monkeys. In all species of laboratory animals studied, the major urinary metabolite was the product of O-d... | [
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PMID:23281 | Rat hepatic microsomal cytochrome(s) P-450 induced by polybrominated biphenyls. | Various parameters have been measured in order to characterize the type of cytochrome(s) P-450 induced by a single ip injection of polybrominated biphenyls (PBB's), 150 mg/kg, given to female rats. The ratio of the 427/455-nm peaks in the microsomal ethylisocyanide difference spectra showed a gradual increase with time... | Rat hepatic microsomal cytochrome(s) P-450 induced by polybrominated biphenyls. Various parameters have been measured in order to characterize the type of cytochrome(s) P-450 induced by a single ip injection of polybrominated biphenyls (PBB's), 150 mg/kg, given to female rats. The ratio of the 427/455-nm peaks in the m... | [
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PMID:23279 | The disposition of threo-alpha-(2-piperidyl)-2-trifluoromethyl-6-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-4-pyridinemethanol phosphate in mice. | Following oral administration of the 14C-labeled title compound to male mice, the drug was well absorbed and rapidly distributed throughout the body. At least 90% of the radioactivity in the tissues at 2 hr after dosing was identified as parent compound by thin-layer chromatography. The peak plasma level of radioactivi... | The disposition of threo-alpha-(2-piperidyl)-2-trifluoromethyl-6-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-4-pyridinemethanol phosphate in mice. Following oral administration of the 14C-labeled title compound to male mice, the drug was well absorbed and rapidly distributed throughout the body. At least 90% of the radioactivity in the ... | [
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PMID:23280 | Age-dependent renal accumulation of cephaloridine in the rabbit. | The accumulation of cephaloridine in the renal cortex of the rabbit was studied in vitro and in vivo in rabbits of various ages. The cortical concentration of cephaloridine, the cortex/serum ratio, and the slice/medium ratio determined by incubation of cortical slices in cephaloridine-containing media rose from birth t... | Age-dependent renal accumulation of cephaloridine in the rabbit. The accumulation of cephaloridine in the renal cortex of the rabbit was studied in vitro and in vivo in rabbits of various ages. The cortical concentration of cephaloridine, the cortex/serum ratio, and the slice/medium ratio determined by incubation of co... | [
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PMID:23288 | Nuclear-magnetic-resonance study of the histidine residues of S-peptide and S-protein and kinetics of 1H-2H exchange of ribonuclease A. | 1H NMR spectroscopy at 100 MHz was used to determine the first-order rate constants for the 1H-2H exchange of the H-2 histidine resonances of RNase-A in 2H2O at 35 degrees C and pH meter readings of 7, 9, 10 and 10.5. Prolonged exposure in 2H2O at 35 degrees C and pH meter reading 11 caused irreversible denaturation of... | Nuclear-magnetic-resonance study of the histidine residues of S-peptide and S-protein and kinetics of 1H-2H exchange of ribonuclease A. 1H NMR spectroscopy at 100 MHz was used to determine the first-order rate constants for the 1H-2H exchange of the H-2 histidine resonances of RNase-A in 2H2O at 35 degrees C and pH met... | [
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PMID:23290 | Subcellular distribution of a factor inactivating tyrosine aminotransferase. Study of its mechanism and relationship to different forms of the enzyme. | The subcellular distribution of a tyrosine aminotransferase inactivating factor in rat liver has been investigated. Most of its activity is associated with plasma membranes, with minor amounts in mitochondria and endoplasmatic reticulum. The factor is also found in kidney and inactivates the enzyme reversibly in presen... | Subcellular distribution of a factor inactivating tyrosine aminotransferase. Study of its mechanism and relationship to different forms of the enzyme. The subcellular distribution of a tyrosine aminotransferase inactivating factor in rat liver has been investigated. Most of its activity is associated with plasma membra... | [
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PMID:23291 | The interrelations between the transport of sodium and calcium in mitochondria of various mammalian tissues. | Addition of ruthenium red to mitochondria isolated from brain, adrenal cortex, parotid gland and skeletal muscle inhibits further uptake of Ca2+ by these mitochondria but induces little or no net Ca2+ efflux; the further addition of Na+, however, induces rapid efflux of Ca2+. The velocity of the Na+-induced efflux of C... | The interrelations between the transport of sodium and calcium in mitochondria of various mammalian tissues. Addition of ruthenium red to mitochondria isolated from brain, adrenal cortex, parotid gland and skeletal muscle inhibits further uptake of Ca2+ by these mitochondria but induces little or no net Ca2+ efflux; th... | [
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PMID:23292 | Induction and 'superinduction' of sialylation of membrane-bound gamma-glutamyltransferase during liver regeneration. | The present paper shows that in the regenerating rat liver the membrane-bound-gamma-glutamyltransferase exists in two molecular forms. Depending on the state of proliferation, a sialic-acid-rich enzyme (in the fetal or regenerating liver) or a sialic-acid-poor enzyme (in the adult or quiescent liver) could be detected.... | Induction and 'superinduction' of sialylation of membrane-bound gamma-glutamyltransferase during liver regeneration. The present paper shows that in the regenerating rat liver the membrane-bound-gamma-glutamyltransferase exists in two molecular forms. Depending on the state of proliferation, a sialic-acid-rich enzyme (... | [
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PMID:23293 | On the mechanism of substrate binding to the purine-transport system of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. | The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae takes up adenine, guanine, hypoxanthine, and cytosine via a common energy-dependent transport system. The apparent affinity of the transport system to these and other purines and pyrimidines is correlated with their capability to be protonated to the positively charged form. Further o... | On the mechanism of substrate binding to the purine-transport system of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae takes up adenine, guanine, hypoxanthine, and cytosine via a common energy-dependent transport system. The apparent affinity of the transport system to these and other purines and pyrimidi... | [
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PMID:23295 | Haemodynamic response to graded exercise during chronic beta-adrenergic blockade with bunitrolol, an agent with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. | The effect of chronic beta blockade on the haemodynamic response to graded exercise was studied in 18 hypertensive patients treated with bunitrolol, which has partial agonist activity. The patients first received a placebo for 5 to 12 days, then bunitrolol 30 mg daily for one week and subsequently the dose was doubled ... | Haemodynamic response to graded exercise during chronic beta-adrenergic blockade with bunitrolol, an agent with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. The effect of chronic beta blockade on the haemodynamic response to graded exercise was studied in 18 hypertensive patients treated with bunitrolol, which has partial agoni... | [
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PMID:23296 | Circadian rhythm of urinary pH in man with and without chronic antacid administration. | In normal human volunteers, when urinary pH was plotted versus time, the circadian sine-wave type curve was not altered by chronic administration of a commercially available suspension containing a mixture of magnesium and aluminum hydroxides, although the antacid perturbed the entire curve in a more alkaline direction... | Circadian rhythm of urinary pH in man with and without chronic antacid administration. In normal human volunteers, when urinary pH was plotted versus time, the circadian sine-wave type curve was not altered by chronic administration of a commercially available suspension containing a mixture of magnesium and aluminum h... | [
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PMID:23297 | Antidiuresis induced by beta1- and beta2-adrenergic agonists in ethanol-anesthetized rats. | The beta1- and beta2-components in antidiuresis and sodium retention induced by beta-adrenergic agonists were analysed in ethanol-anesthetized, water-diuretic rats. Intravenous infusions of isoprenaline, salbutamol and carbuterol did not affect insulin clearance but increased plasma renin concentration to the same same... | Antidiuresis induced by beta1- and beta2-adrenergic agonists in ethanol-anesthetized rats. The beta1- and beta2-components in antidiuresis and sodium retention induced by beta-adrenergic agonists were analysed in ethanol-anesthetized, water-diuretic rats. Intravenous infusions of isoprenaline, salbutamol and carbuterol... | [
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PMID:23298 | Effects of baclofen on dopamine metabolism and interaction with neuroleptic effects. | Baclofen increased striatal levels of dopamine (DA), homovanillic (HVA) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) dose-dependently above 10 mg/kg i.p. The effect on the DA metabolites was shown to be caused only by the (-)-isomer. The HVA increase after 20 mg/kg i.p. was not antagonized by either scopolamine or picrot... | Effects of baclofen on dopamine metabolism and interaction with neuroleptic effects. Baclofen increased striatal levels of dopamine (DA), homovanillic (HVA) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) dose-dependently above 10 mg/kg i.p. The effect on the DA metabolites was shown to be caused only by the (-)-isomer. The... | [
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PMID:23300 | Inhibition of somato-sympathetic reflex via peripheral presynaptic alha-adrenoceptors. | In cats anaesthetized with chloralose--urethane (70/100 mg/kg) a somato-sympathetic reflex increase of blood pressure and heart rate was evoked by electrical stimulation of sensory fibres running within the tibial nerve. I.V. injection of 30 microgram/kg of the alpha-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine caused a reflex inhib... | Inhibition of somato-sympathetic reflex via peripheral presynaptic alha-adrenoceptors. In cats anaesthetized with chloralose--urethane (70/100 mg/kg) a somato-sympathetic reflex increase of blood pressure and heart rate was evoked by electrical stimulation of sensory fibres running within the tibial nerve. I.V. injecti... | [
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PMID:23301 | Chronic effects of nicotine on catecholamine synthesizing enzymes in rats. | The effects of chronic administration of nicotine upon catecholamine (CA) synthesizing enzymes of rat hypothalamus, striatum and adrenal medulla were studied. Nicotine 3 mg/kg/day for 14 days, increased tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) in hypothalamus and adrenal medulla but did change stri... | Chronic effects of nicotine on catecholamine synthesizing enzymes in rats. The effects of chronic administration of nicotine upon catecholamine (CA) synthesizing enzymes of rat hypothalamus, striatum and adrenal medulla were studied. Nicotine 3 mg/kg/day for 14 days, increased tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine-bet... | [
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PMID:23306 | [The usefulness of ruthenium red in dye exclusion test on cultured cells (author's transl)]. | The reliability of statements and the reproducibility of results derived from experiments on cell cultures are dependent on the use of practicable methods for most objective assay of the state of the cells. The experiments were to clarify the following questions: 1. Is it possible to assay vital and nonvital cells by u... | [The usefulness of ruthenium red in dye exclusion test on cultured cells (author's transl)]. The reliability of statements and the reproducibility of results derived from experiments on cell cultures are dependent on the use of practicable methods for most objective assay of the state of the cells. The experiments were... | [
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PMID:23321 | Testicular germ cell differentiation in vivo. | The effects of artificial cryptorchidism and surgical reversal on spermatogenesis were examined in mice. Only undifferentiated type A spermatogonia were present as germ cells in cryptorchid testes. The surgical reversal of cryptorchidism resulted in regenerative differentiation of mature germ cells as judged by testicu... | Testicular germ cell differentiation in vivo. The effects of artificial cryptorchidism and surgical reversal on spermatogenesis were examined in mice. Only undifferentiated type A spermatogonia were present as germ cells in cryptorchid testes. The surgical reversal of cryptorchidism resulted in regenerative differentia... | [
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PMID:23322 | [Relationship between the anionic structure of organic acids and the response of cat taste receptors]. | With the aid of analysis of afferent impulse activity in the cat chorda tympani, it was shown that the effect of application of organic acids solutions of the same pH to the tongue could be represented as follows: propionic acid greater than lactic acid greater than pyruvic acid. These data confirm the suggestion that ... | [Relationship between the anionic structure of organic acids and the response of cat taste receptors]. With the aid of analysis of afferent impulse activity in the cat chorda tympani, it was shown that the effect of application of organic acids solutions of the same pH to the tongue could be represented as follows: pro... | [
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PMID:23331 | Molecular biology and molecular pathology of a newly described molecular disease--tyrosinemia II (the Richner-Hanhart syndrome). | A deficiency of hepatic tyrosine aminotransferase in humans is responsible for a syndrome of keratitis, palmar and plantar erosions and hyperkeratosis and mental retardation. Serum tyrosine increases due to the enzymatic deficiency leads to the deposition of tyrosine crystals in the eye and cornea. This deposition and ... | Molecular biology and molecular pathology of a newly described molecular disease--tyrosinemia II (the Richner-Hanhart syndrome). A deficiency of hepatic tyrosine aminotransferase in humans is responsible for a syndrome of keratitis, palmar and plantar erosions and hyperkeratosis and mental retardation. Serum tyrosine i... | [
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PMID:23333 | An in vitro study of functional maturation of murine thymus cells. | Critical time of onset of thymus cell functions in ontogeny was studied in vitro. Collaborative function in an antibody response and ability to induce a graft-versus-host (GvH) response by murine thymocytes from different stages of ontogeny were investigated. Thymocytes from as early as 16-day mouse embryos were capabl... | An in vitro study of functional maturation of murine thymus cells. Critical time of onset of thymus cell functions in ontogeny was studied in vitro. Collaborative function in an antibody response and ability to induce a graft-versus-host (GvH) response by murine thymocytes from different stages of ontogeny were investi... | [
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PMID:23334 | The further investigation on the gastric acid secretion in the primary hyperparathyroidism. | The gastric acid output was studied in the 11 patients of hyperparathyroidism before and after parathyroidectomy. The gastric acid output before operation was almost equal to the normal control in our hospital. After the correction of serum calcium by parathyroidectomy, the gastric acid output and serum gastrin were de... | The further investigation on the gastric acid secretion in the primary hyperparathyroidism. The gastric acid output was studied in the 11 patients of hyperparathyroidism before and after parathyroidectomy. The gastric acid output before operation was almost equal to the normal control in our hospital. After the correct... | [
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PMID:23335 | Effect of Ca2+, Mg2+, NaN3, cholinergic agents, and gastrointestinal hormones on the guanylate cyclase from guinea pig gastric mucosa. | Guanylate cyclase in the guinea pig fundic mucosa occurred in two enzymatic forms: a "soluble" form and a particulate form. The mean basal activity of the soluble fraction measured in the presence of 300 micrometer guanosine-5'-triphosphate and 5 mM MnCl2 was 72.6 +/- 5.3 pmoles of cyclic GMP per mg of protein per min.... | Effect of Ca2+, Mg2+, NaN3, cholinergic agents, and gastrointestinal hormones on the guanylate cyclase from guinea pig gastric mucosa. Guanylate cyclase in the guinea pig fundic mucosa occurred in two enzymatic forms: a "soluble" form and a particulate form. The mean basal activity of the soluble fraction measured in t... | [
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PMID:23336 | Characterization and development of cimetidine as a histamine H2-receptor antagonist. | The concept of two classes of histamine receptor, H1 and H2, is introduced and the chemical derivation of histamine H2-receptor antagonists is outlined briefly. Starting from the structure of histamine, chemical modification led eventually to burimamide, the first described histamine H2-receptor antagonist. Further ste... | Characterization and development of cimetidine as a histamine H2-receptor antagonist. The concept of two classes of histamine receptor, H1 and H2, is introduced and the chemical derivation of histamine H2-receptor antagonists is outlined briefly. Starting from the structure of histamine, chemical modification led event... | [
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PMID:23338 | Effect of H2-receptor antagonists on gastric acid secretion and serum gastrin concentration: a review. | Cimetidine inhibits basal and nocturnal acid secretion and acid secretion stimulated by histamine, pentagastrin, caffeine, insulin, sham feeding, and food. Cinetidine (300 mg) inhibits basal acid secretion in duodenal ulcer patients by 95% for at least 5 hr. When taken at bedtime, cimetidine inhibits nocturnal acid sec... | Effect of H2-receptor antagonists on gastric acid secretion and serum gastrin concentration: a review. Cimetidine inhibits basal and nocturnal acid secretion and acid secretion stimulated by histamine, pentagastrin, caffeine, insulin, sham feeding, and food. Cinetidine (300 mg) inhibits basal acid secretion in duodenal... | [
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PMID:23345 | Ditazole activity and its interaction with urokinase on experimental thrombosis. | The effect of ditazole, a new antiaggregant oxazole derivative as well as its possible interaction with urokinase on the formation of electrically induced thrombus, was assayed in rabbits. The activity of ditazole in reducing thrombus weight was comparable to that of aspirin. In the ditazole- or aspirin-treated animals... | Ditazole activity and its interaction with urokinase on experimental thrombosis. The effect of ditazole, a new antiaggregant oxazole derivative as well as its possible interaction with urokinase on the formation of electrically induced thrombus, was assayed in rabbits. The activity of ditazole in reducing thrombus weig... | [
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PMID:23346 | [Inhibitory effects of methyl o-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamoyl) reserpate (CD-3400) on the central nervous system (author's transl)]. | Effects of methyl o-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamoyl) reserpate (CD-3400) on the central nervous system in mice, rats and cats were investigated, and a comparison was made with such effects of reserpine and rescinamine. Inhibitory effects of CD-3400 on spontaneous motor activity and conditioned avoidance response were wea... | [Inhibitory effects of methyl o-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamoyl) reserpate (CD-3400) on the central nervous system (author's transl)]. Effects of methyl o-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamoyl) reserpate (CD-3400) on the central nervous system in mice, rats and cats were investigated, and a comparison was made with such effects ... | [
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PMID:23347 | [High risk groups for gastrointestinal carcinoma]. | High-risk groups for gastrointestinal carcinoma are heterogenic in regard to etiopathology; familial predisposition and genetic defects (familial adenomatosis coli, tylosis palmaris et plantaris, Gardner syndrome, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome), occupational factors (asbestor exposure), surgical intervention (resected stomach... | [High risk groups for gastrointestinal carcinoma]. High-risk groups for gastrointestinal carcinoma are heterogenic in regard to etiopathology; familial predisposition and genetic defects (familial adenomatosis coli, tylosis palmaris et plantaris, Gardner syndrome, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome), occupational factors (asbestor... | [
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PMID:23348 | [Precancerous lesions in the gastrointestinal tract]. | In the large intestine, the pathologist has to differentiate between multiple polyps and polyposis (more than 100 polyps), further between adenomatosis (coli) and non-neoplastic (tumorlike) polyposis. Without prophylactic colectomy, in about 80% of adenomatosis patients an evolution of cancer is observed. Patients with... | [Precancerous lesions in the gastrointestinal tract]. In the large intestine, the pathologist has to differentiate between multiple polyps and polyposis (more than 100 polyps), further between adenomatosis (coli) and non-neoplastic (tumorlike) polyposis. Without prophylactic colectomy, in about 80% of adenomatosis pati... | [
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PMID:23351 | Drug refusal in schizophrenia: causes and prescribing hints. | Many discharged patients diagnosed as schizophrenic do not continue to take their prescribed antipsychotic medication. Reasons for reluctance to take drugs include the development of extrapyramidal symptoms, most notably akathisia and akinesia; a poor doctor-patient relationship; or the patient's preference to continue... | Drug refusal in schizophrenia: causes and prescribing hints. Many discharged patients diagnosed as schizophrenic do not continue to take their prescribed antipsychotic medication. Reasons for reluctance to take drugs include the development of extrapyramidal symptoms, most notably akathisia and akinesia; a poor doctor-... | [
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PMID:23352 | Characterisation of purine nucleoside phosphorylase from fibroblasts using ultra-microchemical methods. | A new technique to quantitate nucleoside phosphorylase (NP) activity in single or small numbers of counted visually selected cells is presented. Fibroblasts were cultivated on the plastic film bottom of culture dishes. After lyophilisation in situ, plastic film leaflets carrying a counted number of cells were cut out a... | Characterisation of purine nucleoside phosphorylase from fibroblasts using ultra-microchemical methods. A new technique to quantitate nucleoside phosphorylase (NP) activity in single or small numbers of counted visually selected cells is presented. Fibroblasts were cultivated on the plastic film bottom of culture dishe... | [
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PMID:23358 | Bioavailability of digoxin: some pitfalls and problems. | The bioavailability of tablet formulations averages about 60% for digoxin, 75% for beta-acetyldigoxin, and 75% for beta-methyldigoxin. Bioavailability as a measure of the absolute amount reaching the systemic circulation should be calculated from steady state data. Only in steady state does the retarding effect of abso... | Bioavailability of digoxin: some pitfalls and problems. The bioavailability of tablet formulations averages about 60% for digoxin, 75% for beta-acetyldigoxin, and 75% for beta-methyldigoxin. Bioavailability as a measure of the absolute amount reaching the systemic circulation should be calculated from steady state data... | [
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PMID:23362 | [Pityriasis versicolor in Greece and its predisposition factors]. | The age and seasonal incidence of 2610 patients with pityriasis versicolor in Greece were studied. Determination of the pH of Na and K ions of the sweat and the microbiol flora of the skin of pityriasis versicolor patients was undertaken. Besides these the effectiveness of a 1% selenium disulfid suspension was tested. ... | [Pityriasis versicolor in Greece and its predisposition factors]. The age and seasonal incidence of 2610 patients with pityriasis versicolor in Greece were studied. Determination of the pH of Na and K ions of the sweat and the microbiol flora of the skin of pityriasis versicolor patients was undertaken. Besides these t... | [
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PMID:23363 | Preparation of peroxisomes from carp liver by zonal rotor density gradient centrifugation. | Peroxisomes from carp liver can be separated by isopycnic density gradient centrifugation in sucrose. Without reaching complete sedimentation equilibrium, the purification by this method is quite successful. There is a 40-fold enrichment of catalase, the peroxisomal marker, with a total yield of 27%. No pretreatment of... | Preparation of peroxisomes from carp liver by zonal rotor density gradient centrifugation. Peroxisomes from carp liver can be separated by isopycnic density gradient centrifugation in sucrose. Without reaching complete sedimentation equilibrium, the purification by this method is quite successful. There is a 40-fold en... | [
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PMID:23364 | [Ultrastructural localization of acid and alkaline phosphatases in sterile septae of the anthozoa Pachycerianthus fimbriatus (author's transl)]. | Acid and alkaline phosphatase activity has been localized in the cells of the sterile septae of starved and fed anthozoa. Acid phosphatase is present in lysosomes, in Golgi cisternae and old phagosomes of starved animals. In fed animals, the reaction is more intense and the number of lysosomes is increased. New phagoso... | [Ultrastructural localization of acid and alkaline phosphatases in sterile septae of the anthozoa Pachycerianthus fimbriatus (author's transl)]. Acid and alkaline phosphatase activity has been localized in the cells of the sterile septae of starved and fed anthozoa. Acid phosphatase is present in lysosomes, in Golgi ci... | [
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PMID:23365 | Ultrastructural demonstration of amine granules in the adrenal medullary cells of the rat using acid permanganate fixation. | Potassium permanganate fixative is usually employed at pH 7.0. At this pH the amines in the granules of the adrenal medullary cells do not react with permanganate. When the pH was adjusted to 5.0, electron dense precipitates were seen in the amine granules of part of the medullary cells, probably noradrenalin containin... | Ultrastructural demonstration of amine granules in the adrenal medullary cells of the rat using acid permanganate fixation. Potassium permanganate fixative is usually employed at pH 7.0. At this pH the amines in the granules of the adrenal medullary cells do not react with permanganate. When the pH was adjusted to 5.0,... | [
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PMID:23371 | Retrospective study of 350 cases of equine cryptorchidism. | Equine cryptorchidism was examined by a review of the literature and a retrospective study of 350 horses over a 14-year period. The incidence of left vs right testis retention was nearly equal. On the left side, 75.2% of the retained testes were retained abdominally and 24.8% inguinally; on the right side, 41.8% of the... | Retrospective study of 350 cases of equine cryptorchidism. Equine cryptorchidism was examined by a review of the literature and a retrospective study of 350 horses over a 14-year period. The incidence of left vs right testis retention was nearly equal. On the left side, 75.2% of the retained testes were retained abdomi... | [
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PMID:23372 | Occurrence and distribution of western equine encephalomyelitis in Florida. | Research and surveillance programs relating to the occurrence and distribution of western equine encephalomyelitis virus in Florida, conducted between 1955 and 1976, suggest that the virus is (1) an endemic arbordae, (2) transmitted in a continuous cycle throughout the year by Culiseta melanura mosquitoes, and (3) rest... | Occurrence and distribution of western equine encephalomyelitis in Florida. Research and surveillance programs relating to the occurrence and distribution of western equine encephalomyelitis virus in Florida, conducted between 1955 and 1976, suggest that the virus is (1) an endemic arbordae, (2) transmitted in a contin... | [
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PMID:23377 | Spectrophotometric determination of strychnine and brucine in liquid galenicals. | A rapid method is presented for determining strychnine and brucine in liquid galenicals. At pH 5.0, both strychnine and brucine are complexed with methyl orange. After treatment with 0.1N NaOH, the liberated alkaloids are determined spectrophotometrically, using the 2-wavelength method of analysis. The method has been ... | Spectrophotometric determination of strychnine and brucine in liquid galenicals. A rapid method is presented for determining strychnine and brucine in liquid galenicals. At pH 5.0, both strychnine and brucine are complexed with methyl orange. After treatment with 0.1N NaOH, the liberated alkaloids are determined spectr... | [
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PMID:23378 | Photooxidation and carbethoxylation of a minor ribonuclease from Aspergillus saitoi. | In order to investigate the nature of amino acid residues involved in the active in the active site of a ribonuclease from Aspergillus saitoi, the pH dependence of the rates of inactivation of RNase Ms by photooxidation and modification with diethylpyrocarbonate were studied. (1) RNase Ms was inactivated by illuminatio... | Photooxidation and carbethoxylation of a minor ribonuclease from Aspergillus saitoi. In order to investigate the nature of amino acid residues involved in the active in the active site of a ribonuclease from Aspergillus saitoi, the pH dependence of the rates of inactivation of RNase Ms by photooxidation and modificatio... | [
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PMID:23379 | Formations of electrochemical proton gradient and adenosine triphosphate in proteoliposomes containing purified adenosine triphosphatase and bacteriorhodopsin. | Proteoliposome vesicles containing both bacteriorhodopsin of Halobacterium halobium and H+-translocating ATPase [EC 3.6,1.3] of a thermophilic bacterium, PS3, (TF0-F1) were reconstituted by either the dialysis method or the sonication method. Generation of the electrochemical proton gradient (deltamuH+) in these vesicl... | Formations of electrochemical proton gradient and adenosine triphosphate in proteoliposomes containing purified adenosine triphosphatase and bacteriorhodopsin. Proteoliposome vesicles containing both bacteriorhodopsin of Halobacterium halobium and H+-translocating ATPase [EC 3.6,1.3] of a thermophilic bacterium, PS3, (... | [
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PMID:23384 | Effects of pH and type of sugar in the medium on tyrosinase activity in cultured melanoma cells. | The tyrosinase (EC 1.14.18.1) activity of cultured mouse melanoma cells B16 in the stationary phase of growth, depends greatly on the pH of the medium and the kind of sugar present. The enzyme activity of a homogenate of cells grown at pH 7.2 in Eagles's MEM supplemented with 10% new born calf serum and con taining gal... | Effects of pH and type of sugar in the medium on tyrosinase activity in cultured melanoma cells. The tyrosinase (EC 1.14.18.1) activity of cultured mouse melanoma cells B16 in the stationary phase of growth, depends greatly on the pH of the medium and the kind of sugar present. The enzyme activity of a homogenate of ce... | [
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PMID:23385 | Toxicity, radiation sensitivity modification, and metabolic effects of dehydroascorbate and ascorbate in mammalian cells. | Dehydroascorbate, an electron affinic metabolite of vitamin C, sensitized Ehrlich ascites tumor cells, in vivo, to radiation and was selectively toxic to V79 Chinese hamster lung cells under hypoxic conditions (without radiation). The radiosensitization may involve both the electron affinic nature of dehydroascorbate a... | Toxicity, radiation sensitivity modification, and metabolic effects of dehydroascorbate and ascorbate in mammalian cells. Dehydroascorbate, an electron affinic metabolite of vitamin C, sensitized Ehrlich ascites tumor cells, in vivo, to radiation and was selectively toxic to V79 Chinese hamster lung cells under hypoxic... | [
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PMID:23386 | Phenylalanine hydroxylase in melanoma cells. | A pigmented subclone of Cloudman S91 melanoma cells, PS1-wild type, can grow in medium lacking tyrosine. This ability is conferred by phenylalanine hydroxylase activity, and not by tryptophan hydroxylase, tyrosine hydroxylase or tyrosinase activities, although the latter activity is also present in these cells. Convers... | Phenylalanine hydroxylase in melanoma cells. A pigmented subclone of Cloudman S91 melanoma cells, PS1-wild type, can grow in medium lacking tyrosine. This ability is conferred by phenylalanine hydroxylase activity, and not by tryptophan hydroxylase, tyrosine hydroxylase or tyrosinase activities, although the latter act... | [
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PMID:23388 | Determination of water soluble imidazo-1,4-benzodiazepines in blood by electron- capture gas--liquid chromatography and in urine by differential pulse polaragraphy. | A sensitive and specific electron-capture gas--liquid chromatographic (GLC--ECD) assay was developed for the determination of 8-chloro-6-(2'-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-4H-imidazo(1,5a)(1,4)benzodiazepine (I) or 8-chloro-1,4-dimethyl-6-(2'-fluorophenyl)-4H-imidazo (1,5a)(1,4)benzodiazepine (II) in blood. The assay for both ... | Determination of water soluble imidazo-1,4-benzodiazepines in blood by electron- capture gas--liquid chromatography and in urine by differential pulse polaragraphy. A sensitive and specific electron-capture gas--liquid chromatographic (GLC--ECD) assay was developed for the determination of 8-chloro-6-(2'-fluorophenyl)-... | [
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PMID:23390 | Determination of the metabolites of bezitramide in urine. I. Acidic metabolite. | Two methylation methods are compared in relation to the determination of low levels (less than microgram/ml) of the acidic metabolite of bezitramide in human urine. It was necessary to use alkali flame ionisation detector, which specifically detects nitrogen-containing compounds. Several difficulties associated with th... | Determination of the metabolites of bezitramide in urine. I. Acidic metabolite. Two methylation methods are compared in relation to the determination of low levels (less than microgram/ml) of the acidic metabolite of bezitramide in human urine. It was necessary to use alkali flame ionisation detector, which specificall... | [
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PMID:23391 | Electron spin resonance studies of erythrocytes from patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. | The membrane organization of the erythrocytes from patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy was studied by means of electron spin resonance. The fluidity of the membrane near the polar region of Duchenne muscular dystrophy erythrocytes was similar to that of normal erythrocytes. The membrane environment in the nonpola... | Electron spin resonance studies of erythrocytes from patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The membrane organization of the erythrocytes from patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy was studied by means of electron spin resonance. The fluidity of the membrane near the polar region of Duchenne muscular dystrophy ... | [
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PMID:23392 | Identification of alpha-adrenergic receptors in human platelets by [3H]dihydroergocryptine binding. | Binding of [(3)H]dihydroergocryptine to platelet lysates appears to have all the characteristics of binding to alpha-adrenergic receptors. At 25 degrees C binding reaches equilibrium within 20 min and is reversible upon addition of excess phentolamine. Binding is saturable with 183+/-22 fmol of [(3)H]dihydroergocryptin... | Identification of alpha-adrenergic receptors in human platelets by [3H]dihydroergocryptine binding. Binding of [(3)H]dihydroergocryptine to platelet lysates appears to have all the characteristics of binding to alpha-adrenergic receptors. At 25 degrees C binding reaches equilibrium within 20 min and is reversible upon ... | [
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PMID:23398 | The two dimensional structure of tetrazolium-mucopolysaccharide complexes deduced from reactivity studies. | The formation of complexes between mucopolysaccharides and tetrazolium salts has been studied both by turbidimetry and nephelometry. The technique of laser nephelometry allows the detection of colloidal aggregates in systems which may, by turbidimetric methods, be ambiguous. The results indicate that binding of tetrazo... | The two dimensional structure of tetrazolium-mucopolysaccharide complexes deduced from reactivity studies. The formation of complexes between mucopolysaccharides and tetrazolium salts has been studied both by turbidimetry and nephelometry. The technique of laser nephelometry allows the detection of colloidal aggregates... | [
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PMID:23399 | Fractionation of cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata) pollen by preparative isoelectric focussing. | The technique of isoelectric focussing in polyacrylamide gel has been developed to a preparative mode. Using the improved technique cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata) pollen has been split into many components, and the allergenic reactions of the preparations have been studied by passive transfer in animal skin and by RAST... | Fractionation of cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata) pollen by preparative isoelectric focussing. The technique of isoelectric focussing in polyacrylamide gel has been developed to a preparative mode. Using the improved technique cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata) pollen has been split into many components, and the allergenic r... | [
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PMID:23401 | Oxygen uptake and lung function in mice infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae, influenza virus, or Mycoplasma pulmonis. | Model systems of respiratory infection in mice were established with Streptococcus pneumoniae, influenza virus, and Mycoplasma pulmonis. The LT50 for S. pneumoniae was 2 1/2 days, for lethal influenza 6 days, and for M. pulmonis 5 days. Morbidity in sublethal influenza infections reached a peak during days 5 to 10, wit... | Oxygen uptake and lung function in mice infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae, influenza virus, or Mycoplasma pulmonis. Model systems of respiratory infection in mice were established with Streptococcus pneumoniae, influenza virus, and Mycoplasma pulmonis. The LT50 for S. pneumoniae was 2 1/2 days, for lethal influenz... | [
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PMID:23402 | Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase variants: Gd (+) Alexandra associated with neonatal jaundice and Gd (-) Camperdown in a young man with lamellar cataracts. | Two male subjects are described, with unusual clinical presentations and with hitherto undescribed G6PD variants. The first, of Italian extraction, suffered from severe neonatal jaundice following maternal ingestion of fresh broad beans (Vicia fava) both prenatally and postnatally: the expression of the enzymatic defec... | Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase variants: Gd (+) Alexandra associated with neonatal jaundice and Gd (-) Camperdown in a young man with lamellar cataracts. Two male subjects are described, with unusual clinical presentations and with hitherto undescribed G6PD variants. The first, of Italian extraction, suffered from s... | [
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PMID:23403 | Isolation and characterization of a phospholipase A2 from an inflammatory exudate. | Sterile peritoneal exudates produced in rabbits injected with 1% glycogen contain a phospholipase A activity in a cell-free supernatant fraction that hydrolyzed a synthetic phospholipid (1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-ethanolamine) and phospholipids of autoclaved Escherichia coli. This phospholipase activity (phosphat... | Isolation and characterization of a phospholipase A2 from an inflammatory exudate. Sterile peritoneal exudates produced in rabbits injected with 1% glycogen contain a phospholipase A activity in a cell-free supernatant fraction that hydrolyzed a synthetic phospholipid (1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-ethanolamine) and ... | [
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PMID:23404 | CO2-inhibition of the amplitude of bending of triton-demembranated sea urcin sperm flagella. | Demembranated sea urchin spermatozoa were reactivated in solutions containing KHCO3 and observed in a covered well slide. Although KHCO3 itself causes a small inhibition of flagellar beat frequency, the results confirm previous observations of a direct inhibition of flagellar bend angle by CO2 with no effect of CO2 on ... | CO2-inhibition of the amplitude of bending of triton-demembranated sea urcin sperm flagella. Demembranated sea urchin spermatozoa were reactivated in solutions containing KHCO3 and observed in a covered well slide. Although KHCO3 itself causes a small inhibition of flagellar beat frequency, the results confirm previous... | [
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PMID:23405 | Differences in the outcomes of acute episodes of care provided by various types of family practitioners. | This study was designed to compare the outcomes achieved in a series of acute care episodes by different levels of family practice providers working in the clinic setting. The study utilizes a method which depends upon the provider to estimate level of function expected and earliest date of recovery for each episode. W... | Differences in the outcomes of acute episodes of care provided by various types of family practitioners. This study was designed to compare the outcomes achieved in a series of acute care episodes by different levels of family practice providers working in the clinic setting. The study utilizes a method which depends u... | [
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PMID:23406 | Sodium and calcium movements in dog red blood cells. | Determinants of 45Ca influx, 45Ca efflux, and 22Na efflux were examined in dog red blood cells. 45Ca influx is strongly influenced by the Na concentration on either side of the membrane, being stimulated by intracellular Na and inhibited by extracellular Na. A saturation curve is obtained when Ca influx is plotted as a... | Sodium and calcium movements in dog red blood cells. Determinants of 45Ca influx, 45Ca efflux, and 22Na efflux were examined in dog red blood cells. 45Ca influx is strongly influenced by the Na concentration on either side of the membrane, being stimulated by intracellular Na and inhibited by extracellular Na. A satura... | [
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PMID:23407 | The stimulating effect of fatty acids and amino acid derivatives on the labellar sugar receptor of the fleshfly. | Seven D-amino acids, including D-valine, D-phenylalanine, D-leucine, D-isoleucine, D-tryptophan, D-methionine, and D-alpha-aminobutyric acid, are markedly less stimulative than the corresponding L-isomers that can stimulate the labellar sugar receptor of the fleshfly. A distinct effect of len;th of the amino acid side ... | The stimulating effect of fatty acids and amino acid derivatives on the labellar sugar receptor of the fleshfly. Seven D-amino acids, including D-valine, D-phenylalanine, D-leucine, D-isoleucine, D-tryptophan, D-methionine, and D-alpha-aminobutyric acid, are markedly less stimulative than the corresponding L-isomers th... | [
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PMID:23408 | On the effects of divalent cations and ethylene glycol-bis-(beta-aminoethyl ether) N,N,N',N'-tetraacetate on action potential duration in frog heart. | Resting and action potentials were recorded from superfused strips of frog ventricle. Reducing the bathing calcium concentration ([Ca2+]0) with or without ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)N,N,N',N'-tetraacetate (EGTA) prolongs the action potential (AP). The change in the duration of the AP extends over many mi... | On the effects of divalent cations and ethylene glycol-bis-(beta-aminoethyl ether) N,N,N',N'-tetraacetate on action potential duration in frog heart. Resting and action potentials were recorded from superfused strips of frog ventricle. Reducing the bathing calcium concentration ([Ca2+]0) with or without ethylene glycol... | [
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PMID:23409 | Characterization of L-aspartate uptake by Streptomyces hydrogenans. | Multiple transport systems for L-aspartic acid exist in Steptomyces hydrogenans. The intracellular accumulation of L-aspartate against a concentration gradient was immediately inhibited by proton conductors, such as carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone, 2,4-dinitrophenol or nigericin. Transport activity w... | Characterization of L-aspartate uptake by Streptomyces hydrogenans. Multiple transport systems for L-aspartic acid exist in Steptomyces hydrogenans. The intracellular accumulation of L-aspartate against a concentration gradient was immediately inhibited by proton conductors, such as carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyp... | [
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PMID:23410 | The mode of action of N-(n-Dodecyl)diethanolamine with particular reference to the effect of protonation on uptake by Escherichia coli. | In a homologous series of N-(n-alkyl)diethanolamines antimicrobial activity was related to surface activity and increasing octanol-water partition coefficient. Maximum activity was exhibited by the dodecyl-, tetradecyl- and hexadecyl-derivatives. Dodecyldiethanolamine (DDE) displayed a broad spectrum of activity. Towar... | The mode of action of N-(n-Dodecyl)diethanolamine with particular reference to the effect of protonation on uptake by Escherichia coli. In a homologous series of N-(n-alkyl)diethanolamines antimicrobial activity was related to surface activity and increasing octanol-water partition coefficient. Maximum activity was exh... | [
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PMID:23419 | Comparative digestibility of acid detergent fiber by laboratory albino and wild Polynesian rats. | The effects of adding 5%, 10%, and 15% acid detergent fiber to a nonfibrous basal diet were examined in a comparative feeding study with Polynesian rats (Rattus exulans) and laboratory rats. Digestibility coefficients for dry matter, crude protein, and gross energy declined significantly in both species as fiber conten... | Comparative digestibility of acid detergent fiber by laboratory albino and wild Polynesian rats. The effects of adding 5%, 10%, and 15% acid detergent fiber to a nonfibrous basal diet were examined in a comparative feeding study with Polynesian rats (Rattus exulans) and laboratory rats. Digestibility coefficients for d... | [
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PMID:23421 | Fetal hypertension and the development of increased pulmonary vascular smooth muscle: a possible mechanism for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn infant. | Chronic pulmonary arterial hypertension was produced in six fetal lambs. In four (126 to 139 days' gestation) unilateral fetal renal artery constriction caused systemic arterial mean blood pressure elevations. In another fetus, constriction of the umbilical artery caused a systemic mean blood pressure elevation; in the... | Fetal hypertension and the development of increased pulmonary vascular smooth muscle: a possible mechanism for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn infant. Chronic pulmonary arterial hypertension was produced in six fetal lambs. In four (126 to 139 days' gestation) unilateral fetal renal artery constriction... | [
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PMID:23422 | Monitoring critically ill newborn infants with digital capillary blood samples: an alternative. | Capillary blood samples obtained from a warmed distal phalanx of the right hand were compared with either temporal or right radial arterial blood samples for PO2, PCO2, and pH in 33 critically ill newborn infants. The blood pressure and skin temperatures of each infant and the ambient oxygen concentration were recorded... | Monitoring critically ill newborn infants with digital capillary blood samples: an alternative. Capillary blood samples obtained from a warmed distal phalanx of the right hand were compared with either temporal or right radial arterial blood samples for PO2, PCO2, and pH in 33 critically ill newborn infants. The blood ... | [
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PMID:23423 | Physicochemical properties of glycyrrhizic acid in aqueous media II: Effect on flocculation-deflocculation behavior of suspensions of sulfathiazole and graphite. | The flocculation-deflocculation behavior of sulfathiazole and graphite in aqueous solutions of glycyrrhizic acid was studied by measuring the sedimentation volume and turbidity of supernates. The dispersing effect of glycyrrhizic acid on suspension of sulfathiazole showed a maximum in the pH 3-4 region, the same pH reg... | Physicochemical properties of glycyrrhizic acid in aqueous media II: Effect on flocculation-deflocculation behavior of suspensions of sulfathiazole and graphite. The flocculation-deflocculation behavior of sulfathiazole and graphite in aqueous solutions of glycyrrhizic acid was studied by measuring the sedimentation vo... | [
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PMID:23424 | Hydrolytic degradation of 2,6-dichlorobenzylthiopseudourea hydrochloride. | Degradation of 2,6-dichlorobenzylthiopseudourea hydrochloride was followed in basic medium (pH 7.5) to isolate and characterize all possible degradation products. IR, Raman, and NMR spectroscopy, TLC, and elemental analysis were used to identify the products. Degradation of base-hydrolyzed 2,6-dichlorobenzylthiopseudou... | Hydrolytic degradation of 2,6-dichlorobenzylthiopseudourea hydrochloride. Degradation of 2,6-dichlorobenzylthiopseudourea hydrochloride was followed in basic medium (pH 7.5) to isolate and characterize all possible degradation products. IR, Raman, and NMR spectroscopy, TLC, and elemental analysis were used to identify ... | [
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PMID:23425 | Improved colorimetric determination of aspirin and salicylic acid concentrations in human plasma. | An improvement in a previously described method for the determination of plasma salicylic acid and aspirin levels in humans is described. The procedure was simplified by employing only one plasma sample for both salicylates. More accurate estimation of salicylates, particularly aspirin, was achieved by using two differ... | Improved colorimetric determination of aspirin and salicylic acid concentrations in human plasma. An improvement in a previously described method for the determination of plasma salicylic acid and aspirin levels in humans is described. The procedure was simplified by employing only one plasma sample for both salicylate... | [
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PMID:23428 | An investigation of the ionic mechanism of intracellular pH regulation in mouse soleus muscle fibres. | 1. Intracellular pH (pH(i)) of surface fibres of the mouse soleus muscle was measured in vitro by recessed-tip pH-sensitive micro-electrodes. pH(i) was displaced in an acid direction by removal of external (NH(4))(2)SO(4) after a short exposure, and the mechanism of recovery from this acidification was investigated.2. ... | An investigation of the ionic mechanism of intracellular pH regulation in mouse soleus muscle fibres. 1. Intracellular pH (pH(i)) of surface fibres of the mouse soleus muscle was measured in vitro by recessed-tip pH-sensitive micro-electrodes. pH(i) was displaced in an acid direction by removal of external (NH(4))(2)SO... | [
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PMID:23429 | The role of bicarbonate, chloride and sodium ions in the regulation of intracellular pH in snail neurones. | 1. Intracellular pH (pH(i)), Cl(-) and Na(+) levels were recorded in snail neurones using ion-sensitive micro-electrodes, and the mechanism of the pH(i) recovery from internal acidification investigated.2. Reducing the external HCO(3) (-) concentration greatly inhibited the rate of pH(i) recovery from HCl injection.3. ... | The role of bicarbonate, chloride and sodium ions in the regulation of intracellular pH in snail neurones. 1. Intracellular pH (pH(i)), Cl(-) and Na(+) levels were recorded in snail neurones using ion-sensitive micro-electrodes, and the mechanism of the pH(i) recovery from internal acidification investigated.2. Reducin... | [
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PMID:23430 | Further evidence for adrenergic transmission in the human vas deferens. | 1. Isolated portions of human vas deferens responded to field stimulation of the intramural nerve fibres or to exogenously applied noradrenaline with rhythmical contractions of both longitudinal and circular muscle layers. 2. In guinea-pig and rabbit vas deferens field stimulation produced an initial rapid 'twitch' res... | Further evidence for adrenergic transmission in the human vas deferens. 1. Isolated portions of human vas deferens responded to field stimulation of the intramural nerve fibres or to exogenously applied noradrenaline with rhythmical contractions of both longitudinal and circular muscle layers. 2. In guinea-pig and rabb... | [
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PMID:23431 | The effect of foreign cations, pH and pharmacological agents on the ionic permeability of an excitatory glutamate synapse. | 1. Voltage clamp studies of the post-synaptic membrane of the insect neuromuscular junction have shown that normal amplitude glutamate currents could be recorded for a limited time when external Na was completely replaced by Ca, Li, ammonium, methylamine and guanidine. No change in the reversal potential of the glutama... | The effect of foreign cations, pH and pharmacological agents on the ionic permeability of an excitatory glutamate synapse. 1. Voltage clamp studies of the post-synaptic membrane of the insect neuromuscular junction have shown that normal amplitude glutamate currents could be recorded for a limited time when external Na... | [
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PMID:23433 | Study of the structural requirements for dopa potentiation and oxotremorine antagonism by L-prolyl-L-leucylglycinamide. | A number of analogs of the tripeptide L-prolyly-L-leucylglycinamide (1) were synthesized and evaluated in the Dopa potentiation and oxotremorine antagonism tests. The replacement of the glycinamide residue with either the glycine methylamide, glycine, aminoacetonitrile, amino-2-propanone, semicarbazide, or beta-alanina... | Study of the structural requirements for dopa potentiation and oxotremorine antagonism by L-prolyl-L-leucylglycinamide. A number of analogs of the tripeptide L-prolyly-L-leucylglycinamide (1) were synthesized and evaluated in the Dopa potentiation and oxotremorine antagonism tests. The replacement of the glycinamide re... | [
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PMID:23434 | The ability of smooth and rough strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae to activate human complement by the alternative pathway. | Three capsulate pneumococcal strains of serotypes 1, 2 ans 3, and one non-capsulate strain of serotype 47, were found to activate human complement by the alternative pathway to a similar extent over the concentration range examined. Nevertheless, the capsulate strains, in contrast to the non-capsulate, are known to req... | The ability of smooth and rough strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae to activate human complement by the alternative pathway. Three capsulate pneumococcal strains of serotypes 1, 2 ans 3, and one non-capsulate strain of serotype 47, were found to activate human complement by the alternative pathway to a similar extent o... | [
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PMID:23435 | The kinetic mechanism of action of an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation. | The chemiosmotic hypothesis predicts that the mechanism by which weak acids uncouple oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria is identical to the mechanism by which they transport hydrogen ions across artificial bilayer membranes. We report here the results of a kinetic study of uncoupler-mediated hydrogen ion transpo... | The kinetic mechanism of action of an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation. The chemiosmotic hypothesis predicts that the mechanism by which weak acids uncouple oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria is identical to the mechanism by which they transport hydrogen ions across artificial bilayer membranes. We report ... | [
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PMID:23437 | Endotoxin alters spontaneous transmitter release at the frog neuromuscular junction. | The direct neurotoxic effects of E. coli endotoxin (ETX) on spontaneous transmitter release were tested at the frog sartorius muscle neuromuscular junction. Spontaneous transmitter release was monitored by intracellularly recording miniature end-plate potentials (MEPPs). Junctions were continuously exposed to standard ... | Endotoxin alters spontaneous transmitter release at the frog neuromuscular junction. The direct neurotoxic effects of E. coli endotoxin (ETX) on spontaneous transmitter release were tested at the frog sartorius muscle neuromuscular junction. Spontaneous transmitter release was monitored by intracellularly recording min... | [
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PMID:23439 | Biochemical and morphological characterization of mycobacteriophage R1. | Large-scale propagation of mycobacteriophage R1 in broth culture has allowed the isolation of quantities of virus sufficient for characterization of its nucleic acid and lipid components as well as investigation of its ultrastructural attributes. Analysis of R1 DNA indicates that it is double stranded and possesses a m... | Biochemical and morphological characterization of mycobacteriophage R1. Large-scale propagation of mycobacteriophage R1 in broth culture has allowed the isolation of quantities of virus sufficient for characterization of its nucleic acid and lipid components as well as investigation of its ultrastructural attributes. A... | [
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PMID:23440 | Transfection in pneumococcus: single-strand intermediates in the formation of infective centers. | Transfection has been found and characterized in pneumococcus. For replicating omega3 phage DNA extracted from infected cells, transfection was relatively efficient and rose linearly with DNA concentration and quadratically with time, according to T(T - 3.5) min(2). For mature DNA extracted from phage particles, transf... | Transfection in pneumococcus: single-strand intermediates in the formation of infective centers. Transfection has been found and characterized in pneumococcus. For replicating omega3 phage DNA extracted from infected cells, transfection was relatively efficient and rose linearly with DNA concentration and quadratically... | [
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... |
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