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PMID:22831 | Thphenidate. | Plasma cyclic-AMP responses to adrenergic agonists are due to stimulation of the peripheral beta-adrenergic receptor. Mood responses to stimulants are thought to be due to actions leading to stimulation of central catecholamine receptors. To determine if a peripheral measure of receptor sensitivity could predict centra... | Thphenidate. Plasma cyclic-AMP responses to adrenergic agonists are due to stimulation of the peripheral beta-adrenergic receptor. Mood responses to stimulants are thought to be due to actions leading to stimulation of central catecholamine receptors. To determine if a peripheral measure of receptor sensitivity could p... | [
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PMID:22836 | Ultrasonographic study of the effect of different miotics on the eye components. | The effect of topical instillations of carbachol 3%, pilocarpine 2%, aceclidine 2%, aceclidine 2%-adrenaline 1%, and of the Ocusert delivery system was determined and compared in 151 eyes. The depth of the anterior chamber, the thickness and the position of the lens, the length of the vitreous and the refraction were s... | Ultrasonographic study of the effect of different miotics on the eye components. The effect of topical instillations of carbachol 3%, pilocarpine 2%, aceclidine 2%, aceclidine 2%-adrenaline 1%, and of the Ocusert delivery system was determined and compared in 151 eyes. The depth of the anterior chamber, the thickness a... | [
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PMID:22837 | Phosphorylation of human erythrocyte membrane protein. Differences according to the assay procedure. | Phosphorylation of the human erythrocyte membrane proteins by gamma (32P) ATP was studied at pH 6 and pH 7.4, at 30 degrees C, with incubation times varying from 5 to 90 minutes, and with or without cyclic AMP. Incorporated radioactivity was much higher at pH 7.4 because of the prevalent activity of cAMP independent pr... | Phosphorylation of human erythrocyte membrane protein. Differences according to the assay procedure. Phosphorylation of the human erythrocyte membrane proteins by gamma (32P) ATP was studied at pH 6 and pH 7.4, at 30 degrees C, with incubation times varying from 5 to 90 minutes, and with or without cyclic AMP. Incorpor... | [
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PMID:22838 | Electrolyte pH changes in Human Milk. | Milk samples from 100 lactating mothers in the 10 days following delivery have been analyzed for pH, sodium, and potassium. The sodium concentration was high in the first 5 days, mean 21 +/- 5 mmol/liter, but fell to a mean 15 mmol/liter by the end of the first week and 12 mmol/liter by the 10th day. A similar downward... | Electrolyte pH changes in Human Milk. Milk samples from 100 lactating mothers in the 10 days following delivery have been analyzed for pH, sodium, and potassium. The sodium concentration was high in the first 5 days, mean 21 +/- 5 mmol/liter, but fell to a mean 15 mmol/liter by the end of the first week and 12 mmol/lit... | [
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PMID:22840 | Effect of H+ on spontaneous neuronal activity in the surface layer of the rat medulla oblongata in vitro. | The effect of changing extracellular pH (pHe) on the spontaneous activity of neurons in brain slices taken from the ventral layer of the rat medulla oblongata was compared to the response of neurons in dorsal slices. In the ventral medulla, more than 50% of the neurons were excited by H+. These neurons were found just ... | Effect of H+ on spontaneous neuronal activity in the surface layer of the rat medulla oblongata in vitro. The effect of changing extracellular pH (pHe) on the spontaneous activity of neurons in brain slices taken from the ventral layer of the rat medulla oblongata was compared to the response of neurons in dorsal slice... | [
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PMID:22841 | The use of microelectrodes for measurement of local H+ activity in the cortical subarachnoidal space of cats. | pH microelectrodes with pointed tip (Hinke-type) were constructed for the continuous measurement of the local pH in the perivascular space of pial arteries in the feline cerebral cortex. The sensitive tip had a length of 20-60 mu and a base diameter of 10-25 mu. As reference electrode, a micropipette (tip diameter 2 mu... | The use of microelectrodes for measurement of local H+ activity in the cortical subarachnoidal space of cats. pH microelectrodes with pointed tip (Hinke-type) were constructed for the continuous measurement of the local pH in the perivascular space of pial arteries in the feline cerebral cortex. The sensitive tip had a... | [
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PMID:22842 | On the secretagogue effect of dibutyryl cyclic AMP in the rat exocrine pancreas. | DbcAMP greater than or equal to 0.1 mM induces the discharge of exportable enzymes from rat pancreas fragments incubated in vitro. This effect is qualitatively similar to the action of physiological secretagogues acting via hormone receptors: 1) it is accompanied by the appearance of exocytotic images at the acinar cel... | On the secretagogue effect of dibutyryl cyclic AMP in the rat exocrine pancreas. DbcAMP greater than or equal to 0.1 mM induces the discharge of exportable enzymes from rat pancreas fragments incubated in vitro. This effect is qualitatively similar to the action of physiological secretagogues acting via hormone recepto... | [
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PMID:22843 | The influence of the pH of feed on the acid-base balance of mink. | The acid-base balance in small carnivores (mink, Mustela vison) was examined during 6 feeding periods, when the same animals were given different feeds during a prolonged time. The feeds consisted of normal farm feed to which different amounts of sulphuric acid-preserved feed and feed silaged with organic acids were ad... | The influence of the pH of feed on the acid-base balance of mink. The acid-base balance in small carnivores (mink, Mustela vison) was examined during 6 feeding periods, when the same animals were given different feeds during a prolonged time. The feeds consisted of normal farm feed to which different amounts of sulphur... | [
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PMID:22844 | [Piribedil, dopaminergic agonist. Prolonged clinical and electrophysiological study in 60 parkinsonian patients (author's transl)]. | Sixty cases of Parkinson's disease were treated with piribedil alone (dose : 274 mg/day, duration : 20,4 months). The overall clinical improvement, confirmed by recordings of tremor and EMG, was 34%, tremor being improved of 59%. Before treatment, an intravenous test does of piribedil with recording made it possible to... | [Piribedil, dopaminergic agonist. Prolonged clinical and electrophysiological study in 60 parkinsonian patients (author's transl)]. Sixty cases of Parkinson's disease were treated with piribedil alone (dose : 274 mg/day, duration : 20,4 months). The overall clinical improvement, confirmed by recordings of tremor and EM... | [
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PMID:22850 | [Blood gas study in "small airway disease"]. | A study of blood gasometry at rest and after exercise was carried out on 98 subjects: 49 healthy, 31 cases with "small airway disease" and 18 cases of clinically nondecompensated obstructive lung disease. The most interesting results arose from the study of PaO2. Its mean value increased after exercise in all groups, b... | [Blood gas study in "small airway disease"]. A study of blood gasometry at rest and after exercise was carried out on 98 subjects: 49 healthy, 31 cases with "small airway disease" and 18 cases of clinically nondecompensated obstructive lung disease. The most interesting results arose from the study of PaO2. Its mean va... | [
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PMID:22848 | Kinetics and mechanism of degradation of some 2-sulfanilamidopyrimidine derivatives: part IV. Mechanism and kinetics of specific acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of sulfadimidine. | The following products of acid hydrolysis of sulfadimidine (SDMP) were isolated and identified: sulfanilic acid (Sac), sulfanilamide (SA), 2-amino-4, 6-dimethylprimidine (ADMP) and 2-hydroxy-4, 6-dimethylpyrimidine (HDMP). The apparent first-order rate constants (k1, k2 and k3) were determined for the reaction: (formul... | Kinetics and mechanism of degradation of some 2-sulfanilamidopyrimidine derivatives: part IV. Mechanism and kinetics of specific acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of sulfadimidine. The following products of acid hydrolysis of sulfadimidine (SDMP) were isolated and identified: sulfanilic acid (Sac), sulfanilamide (SA), 2-amino-... | [
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PMID:22847 | The effects of lesion of mesolimbic dopamine neurons on pain threshold and morphine analgesia in rats. | Lesions of ventral tegmental area, localised in the region of A 10 group of dopaminergic mesolimbic neurons decreased the pain threshold in rats. The absolute threshold values in morphine treated animals with the above lesion were lower than in sham-operated controls, however, the thresholds expressed as percentage of ... | The effects of lesion of mesolimbic dopamine neurons on pain threshold and morphine analgesia in rats. Lesions of ventral tegmental area, localised in the region of A 10 group of dopaminergic mesolimbic neurons decreased the pain threshold in rats. The absolute threshold values in morphine treated animals with the abov... | [
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PMID:22875 | Interaction between phenylephrine hydrochloride and polyethylene glycol 400. | Evidence of complexing tendency of the water-soluble polymer polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) and phenylephrine hydrochloride was supported by the equilibrium dialysis method. The influence of polymer concentration, ionic concentration, and hydrogen ion concentration of the systems on the interaction was investigated.... | Interaction between phenylephrine hydrochloride and polyethylene glycol 400. Evidence of complexing tendency of the water-soluble polymer polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) and phenylephrine hydrochloride was supported by the equilibrium dialysis method. The influence of polymer concentration, ionic concentration, and h... | [
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PMID:22880 | Effect of anti-parkinsonism drugs on gastric emptying and intestinal transit in the rat. | The effect of atropine sulfate, trihexyphenidyl HCl, benztropine mesylate, diphenhydramine HCl and ethopropazine HCl on gastric emptying and intestinal transit of a phenol red solution in the rat was examined. Intraperitoneal administration of 0.3 mg/kg atropine, 1.2 mg/kg benztropine and trihexyphenidyl results in a m... | Effect of anti-parkinsonism drugs on gastric emptying and intestinal transit in the rat. The effect of atropine sulfate, trihexyphenidyl HCl, benztropine mesylate, diphenhydramine HCl and ethopropazine HCl on gastric emptying and intestinal transit of a phenol red solution in the rat was examined. Intraperitoneal admin... | [
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PMID:22881 | Cytological effects of phenothiazine tranquilizing agents on barley meristems. | A growth reduction of 30--40% was noted in barley plants grown in two phenothiazine tranquilizers. Similar reductions were noted in the number of mid-anaphase cells, indicating the reduced growth could have been the result of a reduced mitotic rate. Also observed were several types of chromosomal aberrations. Electron ... | Cytological effects of phenothiazine tranquilizing agents on barley meristems. A growth reduction of 30--40% was noted in barley plants grown in two phenothiazine tranquilizers. Similar reductions were noted in the number of mid-anaphase cells, indicating the reduced growth could have been the result of a reduced mitot... | [
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PMID:22886 | [Pharmacologic effect of protracted neuroleptics, fluphenazine oenanthate and oxyprothepine oenanthate (VUFB 9447)]. | Two neuroleptica with protracted effect, i.e. Fluphenazin-Oenanthat and Oxyprothepin-Oenanthat, were tested on rats, dogs and rabbits. It was found that both drugs, after intramuscular injection in doses between 5--30 mg/kg, produced a long-lasting neuroleptic effect, in particular the inhibition of conditioned reflexe... | [Pharmacologic effect of protracted neuroleptics, fluphenazine oenanthate and oxyprothepine oenanthate (VUFB 9447)]. Two neuroleptica with protracted effect, i.e. Fluphenazin-Oenanthat and Oxyprothepin-Oenanthat, were tested on rats, dogs and rabbits. It was found that both drugs, after intramuscular injection in doses... | [
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PMID:22889 | [Tests on the vegetative dynamics of depression under thymoleptic treatment]. | 40 patients with endogenic depression, who exhibited an inhibited-mel ancholic symptomatology received Dibenzepin (30 patients) and Imipramin (10 patients) as a mood-elucidating and activating anti-depressant. Exact determinations of blood pressure, pulse rate, the orthostatic-reaction, Schellong's test and the cold-pr... | [Tests on the vegetative dynamics of depression under thymoleptic treatment]. 40 patients with endogenic depression, who exhibited an inhibited-mel ancholic symptomatology received Dibenzepin (30 patients) and Imipramin (10 patients) as a mood-elucidating and activating anti-depressant. Exact determinations of blood pr... | [
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PMID:22890 | Does dopamine play a role in schizophrenia? | Inhibition of central dopamine functions appears to be a common basic property of antipsychotic drugs. The mesolimbic and nigrostriatal portions of the dopaminergic system are probably the main targets of these drugs for the mental and the extrapyramidal actions respectively. Dopaminergic hyperfunction, induced by amph... | Does dopamine play a role in schizophrenia? Inhibition of central dopamine functions appears to be a common basic property of antipsychotic drugs. The mesolimbic and nigrostriatal portions of the dopaminergic system are probably the main targets of these drugs for the mental and the extrapyramidal actions respectively.... | [
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PMID:22891 | [Behavior of some liver enzyme activities in newborn infants with jaundice treated with phototherapy]. | The recent hypothesis that phototherapy is capable of altering the liver cell, enough to allow passive diffusion of free bilirubin from the blood to the bile, and the discovery of substantial differences between the breakdown products of bilirubin obtained in vivo and in vitro, has prompted the AA. to investigate the e... | [Behavior of some liver enzyme activities in newborn infants with jaundice treated with phototherapy]. The recent hypothesis that phototherapy is capable of altering the liver cell, enough to allow passive diffusion of free bilirubin from the blood to the bile, and the discovery of substantial differences between the b... | [
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PMID:22894 | Slow-drip dibenzepine infusion in depression. Proof of rapid efficacy by quantitative EEG and affect-polarity profile studies. | The efficacy of a new intensive antidepressive treatment procedure--48 h slow drip infusion with 1,440 mg dibenzepine2 and subsequent oral treatment--was investigated in endomorphous (endogenous) depressed patients. In addition to evaluations of alterations in psychopathology by clinicians, time of onset and the extent... | Slow-drip dibenzepine infusion in depression. Proof of rapid efficacy by quantitative EEG and affect-polarity profile studies. The efficacy of a new intensive antidepressive treatment procedure--48 h slow drip infusion with 1,440 mg dibenzepine2 and subsequent oral treatment--was investigated in endomorphous (endogenou... | [
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PMID:22895 | Separation and characterization of peptides of delta chain from haemoglobin A2 by fingerprint at pH 3.5. | Peptide mapping or fingerprint of delta chain of haemoglobin A2 at pH 3.5 in comparison at pH 6.4 was investigated. The peptides which are in the neutral zone at pH 6.4 can be separated with efficiency at pH 3.5 and this method makes the interpretation and extraction of several peptides easy. | Separation and characterization of peptides of delta chain from haemoglobin A2 by fingerprint at pH 3.5. Peptide mapping or fingerprint of delta chain of haemoglobin A2 at pH 3.5 in comparison at pH 6.4 was investigated. The peptides which are in the neutral zone at pH 6.4 can be separated with efficiency at pH 3.5 and... | [
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PMID:22900 | Calcium transport and release by the sarcoplasmic reticulum. | The slow rate of calcium transport by cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles, compared to those prepared from skeletal muscle, is due mainly to a lesser density of transport sites and a lower Ca2+ affinity. Because the turnover rate of the cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium pump is similar to that of comparable sk... | Calcium transport and release by the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The slow rate of calcium transport by cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles, compared to those prepared from skeletal muscle, is due mainly to a lesser density of transport sites and a lower Ca2+ affinity. Because the turnover rate of the cardiac sarcoplasm... | [
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PMID:22901 | Isolation and enzymatic characterization of guinea pig cardiac sarcolemma. | Sarcolemma was isolated by fractionation of salt-extracted particles on two consecutive sucrose density gradients. Salt extraction of homogenates, rather than of washed particles, was found to preserve the activities of adenylate cyclase and ouabain-sensitive (Na+,-K+)-ATPase in the isolated sarcolemmal membranes. Puri... | Isolation and enzymatic characterization of guinea pig cardiac sarcolemma. Sarcolemma was isolated by fractionation of salt-extracted particles on two consecutive sucrose density gradients. Salt extraction of homogenates, rather than of washed particles, was found to preserve the activities of adenylate cyclase and oua... | [
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PMID:22902 | Properties of membrane-bound and soluble guanylate cyclase of cardiac and skeletal muscle. | Kinetic properties of guanylate cyclase present in the washed particles, plasma membranes, and the soluble cytoplasm of heart and skeletal muscle are described; properties of the enzyme solubilized by Triton X-100 treatment of the particles or membrane fractions are also reported. It is apparent from the data that the ... | Properties of membrane-bound and soluble guanylate cyclase of cardiac and skeletal muscle. Kinetic properties of guanylate cyclase present in the washed particles, plasma membranes, and the soluble cytoplasm of heart and skeletal muscle are described; properties of the enzyme solubilized by Triton X-100 treatment of th... | [
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PMID:22903 | Metabolic effect of pH on myocardium of heart-lung preparation. | Cardiac performance and metabolism of heart-lung preparation of rat were studied with acid, normal, and alkali perfusions. Cardiac output, glucose uptake, and myocardial content of lactate, malate, glycerophosphate, and CP were increased in alkali and decreased in acid perfusion of 20 min. On the other hand, when pH of... | Metabolic effect of pH on myocardium of heart-lung preparation. Cardiac performance and metabolism of heart-lung preparation of rat were studied with acid, normal, and alkali perfusions. Cardiac output, glucose uptake, and myocardial content of lactate, malate, glycerophosphate, and CP were increased in alkali and decr... | [
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PMID:22904 | Dose-dependent depression of cardiac function and metabolism by inhalation anesthetics in chronically instrumented dogs. | Halothane, methoxyflurane, and enflurane produce dose-dependent depression in ventricular function in the dog. Myocardial blood flow and oxygen consumption are decreased accordingly without evidence of myocardial tissue hypoxia. Low-dose fluoxene does not depress the heart, while there is less depression with high-dose... | Dose-dependent depression of cardiac function and metabolism by inhalation anesthetics in chronically instrumented dogs. Halothane, methoxyflurane, and enflurane produce dose-dependent depression in ventricular function in the dog. Myocardial blood flow and oxygen consumption are decreased accordingly without evidence ... | [
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PMID:22905 | Control of energy production in cardiac muscle: effects of ischemia in acidosis. | Evidence is summarized indicating that mitochondrial respiration and citric acid cycle activity in the intact heart are controlled by the cytosolic phosphate potential and mitochondrial NAD oxidation-reduction state. Data are presented showing that the effect of respiratory acidosis is greater than that of metabolic ac... | Control of energy production in cardiac muscle: effects of ischemia in acidosis. Evidence is summarized indicating that mitochondrial respiration and citric acid cycle activity in the intact heart are controlled by the cytosolic phosphate potential and mitochondrial NAD oxidation-reduction state. Data are presented sho... | [
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PMID:22906 | Calcium ion in cardiac contractility. | Under physiological conditions where the intracellular Ca ion concentration does not exceed 3 X 10(-6) M, the sarcoplasmic reticulum plays a major role in the relaxation process of cardiac muscle; mitochondria do not take up a significant amount of Ca ion during this process. If cardiac muscle undergoes maximum contrac... | Calcium ion in cardiac contractility. Under physiological conditions where the intracellular Ca ion concentration does not exceed 3 X 10(-6) M, the sarcoplasmic reticulum plays a major role in the relaxation process of cardiac muscle; mitochondria do not take up a significant amount of Ca ion during this process. If ca... | [
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PMID:22907 | Myocardial metabolism during prolonged selectived hypothermic coronary perfusion. | In the study discussed below, we assessed the myocardial protection provided by our method of selective hypothermic coronary perfusion. Using arterial and coronary venous blood samples, the following biochemical aspects of myocardial metabolism were calculated: 1) coronary arteriovenous (A-V) pH difference, 2) O2 diffe... | Myocardial metabolism during prolonged selectived hypothermic coronary perfusion. In the study discussed below, we assessed the myocardial protection provided by our method of selective hypothermic coronary perfusion. Using arterial and coronary venous blood samples, the following biochemical aspects of myocardial meta... | [
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PMID:22924 | Enamel microhardness and fluoride uptake underneath fermenting and non-fermenting artificial plaque. | Washed cells of Streptococcus sanguis were used to form artificial plaque on the surface of bovine enamel and incubated underneath buffer solutions, initial pH 6, for 36 h at 37 degrees C. The decrease in the microhardness of the enamel surface under fermenting "plaque" could be prevented with fluoride. Enamel under a ... | Enamel microhardness and fluoride uptake underneath fermenting and non-fermenting artificial plaque. Washed cells of Streptococcus sanguis were used to form artificial plaque on the surface of bovine enamel and incubated underneath buffer solutions, initial pH 6, for 36 h at 37 degrees C. The decrease in the microhardn... | [
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PMID:22925 | PH and the effect of fluoride and zinc on protein and collagen biosynthesis in rabbit dental pulp in vitro. | The effect of pH in the range 6.6-8.2 on the incorporation of 14C-proline into the rabbit dental pulp incubated in vitro has been studied. The amount of label in the cold TCA-soluble pool, total protein, and hydroxyproline (i.e. collagen) of the pulp tissue increased linearly with pH in all three fractions. A similar i... | PH and the effect of fluoride and zinc on protein and collagen biosynthesis in rabbit dental pulp in vitro. The effect of pH in the range 6.6-8.2 on the incorporation of 14C-proline into the rabbit dental pulp incubated in vitro has been studied. The amount of label in the cold TCA-soluble pool, total protein, and hydr... | [
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PMID:22926 | Toxicity of some dental cements in a cell culture system. | A cell culture method has been used to study the effect of zinc phosphate cement (De Trey's Zinc Zement Improved), zinc silicophosphate cement (Fluoro-Thin) and polycarboxylate cement (Durelon) on animal cells. Disks (20 x 1 mm) of the materials were placed in the center of plastic Petri dishes and subsequently incubat... | Toxicity of some dental cements in a cell culture system. A cell culture method has been used to study the effect of zinc phosphate cement (De Trey's Zinc Zement Improved), zinc silicophosphate cement (Fluoro-Thin) and polycarboxylate cement (Durelon) on animal cells. Disks (20 x 1 mm) of the materials were placed in t... | [
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PMID:22923 | Effect of "APUD"-type hormones on osteolysis in vitro. | Besides their well-known actions, glucagon, ACTH, pentagastrin and insulin from the APUD series exert a direct action on the bone calcium content. Incubation with these substances of rat calvaria in vitro yields an evident stimulation of osteolysis with ACTH. Pentagastrin inhibits osteolysis. Glucagon and insulin inhib... | Effect of "APUD"-type hormones on osteolysis in vitro. Besides their well-known actions, glucagon, ACTH, pentagastrin and insulin from the APUD series exert a direct action on the bone calcium content. Incubation with these substances of rat calvaria in vitro yields an evident stimulation of osteolysis with ACTH. Penta... | [
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PMID:22927 | Characterization of the beta-adrenergic receptors in the lower urinary tract of the cat. | The corpus-fundus and the outlet region of the urinary bladder of the cat was studied in vitro to characterize the beta-adrenergic receptors. In the corpus-fundus only beta1-receptors were found in contrast to the outlet region where the beta-receptors had both beta1-and beta2-characteristics. | Characterization of the beta-adrenergic receptors in the lower urinary tract of the cat. The corpus-fundus and the outlet region of the urinary bladder of the cat was studied in vitro to characterize the beta-adrenergic receptors. In the corpus-fundus only beta1-receptors were found in contrast to the outlet region whe... | [
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PMID:22928 | Polyarteritis nodosa of the penis. | The course of polyarteritis nodosa in a patient showing an isolated nodule localized to the glans penis is described. The underlying disease was not recognised and the patient was wrongly thought to have a penile cancer. Treatment with radiotherapy and Bleomycin had no effect and he subsequently died in uraemia. Postmo... | Polyarteritis nodosa of the penis. The course of polyarteritis nodosa in a patient showing an isolated nodule localized to the glans penis is described. The underlying disease was not recognised and the patient was wrongly thought to have a penile cancer. Treatment with radiotherapy and Bleomycin had no effect and he s... | [
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PMID:22932 | Phosphorylated proteins as physiological effectors. | A variety of neurotransmitters, hormones, and other regulatory agents affect the phosphorylation of specific proteins in their target tissues. The types of stimuli that share this common effect on protein phosphorylation include numerous substances that do not act through cyclic AMP. These and other observations sugges... | Phosphorylated proteins as physiological effectors. A variety of neurotransmitters, hormones, and other regulatory agents affect the phosphorylation of specific proteins in their target tissues. The types of stimuli that share this common effect on protein phosphorylation include numerous substances that do not act thr... | [
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PMID:22933 | Dopaminergic inhibition of adrenergic neurotransmission as a model for studies on dopamine receptor mechanisms. | Dopamine and apomorphine produced concentration-dependent inhibition of adrenergic neurotransmission in the isolated, perfused, rabbit ear artery. The inhibitory action of both dopamine and apomorphine was competitively antagonized by haloperidol and several other antipsychotic drugs. The calculated affinities of these... | Dopaminergic inhibition of adrenergic neurotransmission as a model for studies on dopamine receptor mechanisms. Dopamine and apomorphine produced concentration-dependent inhibition of adrenergic neurotransmission in the isolated, perfused, rabbit ear artery. The inhibitory action of both dopamine and apomorphine was co... | [
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PMID:22935 | Recent advances in alcohol withdrawal states. | Recent advances in alcohol withdrawal states are described. New concepts of classification, the development of the syndrome and its management are outlined. In the light of recent research, more optimistic results for this much maligned but common condition may be achieved. | Recent advances in alcohol withdrawal states. Recent advances in alcohol withdrawal states are described. New concepts of classification, the development of the syndrome and its management are outlined. In the light of recent research, more optimistic results for this much maligned but common condition may be achieved. | [
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PMID:22939 | Chronotropism and blood flow patterns following teratogenic doses of catecholamines in 5-day-old chick embryos. | In vivo heart rates of 5-day-old chick embryos were recorded from electrodes placed in close proximity to the heart. L-epinephrine (4X10(-10) mole), 1-norepinephrine (1X10(-9)mole) and 1-isoproterenol (1.6X10(-10)mole) in 5 microliter of isotonic saline transiently accerlerated the mean heart rate by almost 9 percent. ... | Chronotropism and blood flow patterns following teratogenic doses of catecholamines in 5-day-old chick embryos. In vivo heart rates of 5-day-old chick embryos were recorded from electrodes placed in close proximity to the heart. L-epinephrine (4X10(-10) mole), 1-norepinephrine (1X10(-9)mole) and 1-isoproterenol (1.6X10... | [
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PMID:22941 | 5alpha-Pregna-1,20-dien-3-one and related compounds from a soft coral. | Four unusual pregnane derivatives, 5alpha-pregna-1,20-dien-3-one (1), 1,4,20-pregnatrien-3-one (3), 5alpha-pregn-20-en-3alpha-o1 o-acetate (4), and 5alpha-pregn-20-en-1alpha,3alpha-diol 3-acetate (6) have been isolated from an unidentified soft coral from Canton Island. | 5alpha-Pregna-1,20-dien-3-one and related compounds from a soft coral. Four unusual pregnane derivatives, 5alpha-pregna-1,20-dien-3-one (1), 1,4,20-pregnatrien-3-one (3), 5alpha-pregn-20-en-3alpha-o1 o-acetate (4), and 5alpha-pregn-20-en-1alpha,3alpha-diol 3-acetate (6) have been isolated from an unidentified soft cora... | [
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PMID:22942 | Culture of malaria parasites. | A human malaria vaccine that will protect against the blood stages of Plasmodium falciparum is dependent upon the continuous cultre of the parasite. Scientists have demonstrated that it is now possible to achieve this on a small scale. Present expertise needs to be expanded to produce larger quantities of material for ... | Culture of malaria parasites. A human malaria vaccine that will protect against the blood stages of Plasmodium falciparum is dependent upon the continuous cultre of the parasite. Scientists have demonstrated that it is now possible to achieve this on a small scale. Present expertise needs to be expanded to produce larg... | [
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PMID:22945 | Marrow grafts between DLA-identical and homozygous unrelated dogs: evidence for an additional locus involved in graft-versus-host disease. | Marrow transplants were carried out between unrelated donor-recipient pairs of dogs that were homozygous and identical for DLA-A, B, C, and D, i.e., mutually nonreactive in mixed leukocyte culture. Recipients were conditioned for transplantation by 1,200 R of total body irradiation and then treated with intermittent me... | Marrow grafts between DLA-identical and homozygous unrelated dogs: evidence for an additional locus involved in graft-versus-host disease. Marrow transplants were carried out between unrelated donor-recipient pairs of dogs that were homozygous and identical for DLA-A, B, C, and D, i.e., mutually nonreactive in mixed le... | [
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PMID:22947 | Analysis of the major histocompatibility complex in Syrian hamsters. I. Skin graft rejection, graft-versus-host reactions, mixed lymphocyte reactions, and immune response genes in inbred strains. | Five inbred strains of Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) were examined for the presence of disparity at a genetic region similar to the major histocompatibility complex in other species. Vigorous reciprocal alloreactions developed in several strain combinations, which resulted in acute skin graft rejection, strong... | Analysis of the major histocompatibility complex in Syrian hamsters. I. Skin graft rejection, graft-versus-host reactions, mixed lymphocyte reactions, and immune response genes in inbred strains. Five inbred strains of Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) were examined for the presence of disparity at a genetic regio... | [
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PMID:22948 | Analysis of the major histocompatibility complex in Syrian hamsters. II. Linkage studies. | The genetic control of the histocompatibility antigens that induce strong alloreactions in Syrian hamsters was examined. Genetic studies revealed that the alloantigens involved in skin graft rejection, graft-versus-host reactions, and mixed lymphocyte reactions are under dominant single gene control and that these gene... | Analysis of the major histocompatibility complex in Syrian hamsters. II. Linkage studies. The genetic control of the histocompatibility antigens that induce strong alloreactions in Syrian hamsters was examined. Genetic studies revealed that the alloantigens involved in skin graft rejection, graft-versus-host reactions,... | [
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PMID:22949 | Secretion of various antimicrobial substances in dogs with experimental bacterial prostatitis. | Bacterial prostatitis in dogs was induced by injection of an E. coli 06 suspension into a branch of the prostatic artery. Three to six days later, secretion from the inflamed glands was obtained by pilocarpine stimulation and the concentrations of trimethoprim, sulphamethoxazole, erythromycin, doxycycline and ampicilli... | Secretion of various antimicrobial substances in dogs with experimental bacterial prostatitis. Bacterial prostatitis in dogs was induced by injection of an E. coli 06 suspension into a branch of the prostatic artery. Three to six days later, secretion from the inflamed glands was obtained by pilocarpine stimulation and... | [
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PMID:22950 | [The passage of nitrogenous compounds through the wall of perfused sheep rumen (author's transl)]. | Experiments were performed by the method of the extracorporeal perfusion of sheep rumen lasting 150 minutes. After 60 minutes of perfusion, 20 g of enzymatic casein hydrolyzate were applied to the rumen. Ammonia, urea, and total nitrogen were determined in the samples of perfusate, and ammonia and pH were determined in... | [The passage of nitrogenous compounds through the wall of perfused sheep rumen (author's transl)]. Experiments were performed by the method of the extracorporeal perfusion of sheep rumen lasting 150 minutes. After 60 minutes of perfusion, 20 g of enzymatic casein hydrolyzate were applied to the rumen. Ammonia, urea, an... | [
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PMID:22952 | [HCO3-stimulated adenosine triphosphatase in rat ovarian tumor cells]. | Dependence of the HCO--3-stimulated ATPase activity from nuclei and mitochondria of rat ovary ascites tumor cells on pH and concentration of bicarbonate ions was studied. PCMB, NaN3, NaCNS, NaClO4 and NaF inhibited the HCO--3-stimulated ATPase activity. The properties of HCO--3-sensitive ATPase from rat ovary ascites t... | [HCO3-stimulated adenosine triphosphatase in rat ovarian tumor cells]. Dependence of the HCO--3-stimulated ATPase activity from nuclei and mitochondria of rat ovary ascites tumor cells on pH and concentration of bicarbonate ions was studied. PCMB, NaN3, NaCNS, NaClO4 and NaF inhibited the HCO--3-stimulated ATPase activ... | [
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PMID:22953 | [Role of adrenoreceptors in regulating aspartate aminotransferase isoenzyme activity in albino rat hearts]. | Cytoplasmic (c) and mitochondrial (m) isoenzymes of aspartate aminotransferase (AAT, EC 2.6.1.1.) were isolated from rat heart extracts by electrophoresis in agar gel. Their pH optima and Km values were estimated; optimal conditions for estimation of the enzymatic activities are reported. Isadrine activated and adrenal... | [Role of adrenoreceptors in regulating aspartate aminotransferase isoenzyme activity in albino rat hearts]. Cytoplasmic (c) and mitochondrial (m) isoenzymes of aspartate aminotransferase (AAT, EC 2.6.1.1.) were isolated from rat heart extracts by electrophoresis in agar gel. Their pH optima and Km values were estimated... | [
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PMID:22954 | [Anion-sensitive nuclear ATPase of the rat heart]. | Properties of HCO--3-stimulated ATPase from rat heart muscle nuclei were studied. The maximal activity of HCO--3-ATPase was observed at concentration of bicarbonate 25 mM. The enzyme had a pH optimum at pH 8.0-8.5. Bicarbonate stimulated the ATPase activity only in presence of Mg2+, Mn2+ and Zn2+, Co2+, Cd2+ and Ca2+ w... | [Anion-sensitive nuclear ATPase of the rat heart]. Properties of HCO--3-stimulated ATPase from rat heart muscle nuclei were studied. The maximal activity of HCO--3-ATPase was observed at concentration of bicarbonate 25 mM. The enzyme had a pH optimum at pH 8.0-8.5. Bicarbonate stimulated the ATPase activity only in pre... | [
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PMID:22958 | [Long-term treatment with the new antiarrhythmic drug propafenone in correlation to plasma levels (author's transl)]. | The results of long term oral therapy of cardiac arrhythmias in 43 patients successfully treated with propafenone are reported. The patients were treated for periods ranging between 1 month and 34 months with a mean of 13.4 months. The administered dose varied between 150 mg tds and 300 mg qds with an average daily dos... | [Long-term treatment with the new antiarrhythmic drug propafenone in correlation to plasma levels (author's transl)]. The results of long term oral therapy of cardiac arrhythmias in 43 patients successfully treated with propafenone are reported. The patients were treated for periods ranging between 1 month and 34 month... | [
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PMID:22955 | [Depression of rat liver acetyl-CoA-carboxylase activity by salicylate and other compounds]. | Two intraperitoneal injections of salicylate at a dose of 250 mg/kg of body weight led to decrease in the acetyl-CoA-carboxylase activity in liver soluble fraction (140000xg) more than by 60%. Salicylate in concentrations 10(-4) and 10(-2) M inhibited the enzyme from rat liver soluble fraction by 25% and 80%, respectiv... | [Depression of rat liver acetyl-CoA-carboxylase activity by salicylate and other compounds]. Two intraperitoneal injections of salicylate at a dose of 250 mg/kg of body weight led to decrease in the acetyl-CoA-carboxylase activity in liver soluble fraction (140000xg) more than by 60%. Salicylate in concentrations 10(-4... | [
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PMID:22956 | [Tyrosine-alpha-ketoglutarate transaminase activity in the rat liver after partial hepatectomy and CCl4 poisoning]. | Acitivity of tyrosine-alpha-ketoglutarate transaminase and induction of the enzyme by hydro cortisone were studied in rat liver tissue after partial hepatectomy and intoxication with CCl4 Administration of the hormone increased the enzymatic activity within 72 hrs after treatment with CCl4 but did not affect its value ... | [Tyrosine-alpha-ketoglutarate transaminase activity in the rat liver after partial hepatectomy and CCl4 poisoning]. Acitivity of tyrosine-alpha-ketoglutarate transaminase and induction of the enzyme by hydro cortisone were studied in rat liver tissue after partial hepatectomy and intoxication with CCl4 Administration o... | [
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PMID:22960 | Chemical stimulation of Schistosoma mansoni miracidial activity. | The movements of S. mansoni miracidia immersed in various solutions of organic chemicals were recorded by dark ground photography. Reduction of miracidial speed was recorded for miracidia in solutions of fatty acids and ammonia. The speed reduction was concentration dependant and pH dependant, indicating in both cases ... | Chemical stimulation of Schistosoma mansoni miracidial activity. The movements of S. mansoni miracidia immersed in various solutions of organic chemicals were recorded by dark ground photography. Reduction of miracidial speed was recorded for miracidia in solutions of fatty acids and ammonia. The speed reduction was co... | [
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PMID:22962 | [Thermostable basic proteinase inhibitors from potatoes. Isolation and characterization (author's transl)]. | Four basic proteinase inhibitors were isolated from potato tubers (var. Maritta) by ammonium sulfate precipitation, heat treatment, chromatography on CM-cellulose and preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Their isoelectric points are in the pH range 9.2--9.8. The molecular weights, as estimated by Sephadex ge... | [Thermostable basic proteinase inhibitors from potatoes. Isolation and characterization (author's transl)]. Four basic proteinase inhibitors were isolated from potato tubers (var. Maritta) by ammonium sulfate precipitation, heat treatment, chromatography on CM-cellulose and preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresi... | [
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PMID:22964 | [Aqueous chloride and bromine solutions as disinfectants: composition, redox potential, differences of reactivity (author's transl)]. | A method is given to calculate the equilibrium concentrations of the molecules and ions emerging from the hydrolysis and dissociation of chlorine and bromine in aqueous soltuion. The differing influence the pH value and the initial (total) halogene concentration exerts to the HOX- and X2-equilibrium concentration is di... | [Aqueous chloride and bromine solutions as disinfectants: composition, redox potential, differences of reactivity (author's transl)]. A method is given to calculate the equilibrium concentrations of the molecules and ions emerging from the hydrolysis and dissociation of chlorine and bromine in aqueous soltuion. The dif... | [
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PMID:22967 | Some properties of the lipoxygenase from rabbit reticulocytes. | A lipoxygenase was enriched from the stoma-free supernatant of rabbit reticulocytes. The enzyme causes drastic deterioration of mitochondrial membranes. The release of matrix enzymes is paralleled by formation of products of lipid peroxidation. The enzyme reacts with isolated phospholipds and free cis-unsaturated fatty... | Some properties of the lipoxygenase from rabbit reticulocytes. A lipoxygenase was enriched from the stoma-free supernatant of rabbit reticulocytes. The enzyme causes drastic deterioration of mitochondrial membranes. The release of matrix enzymes is paralleled by formation of products of lipid peroxidation. The enzyme r... | [
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PMID:22969 | Thermodynamics of red cell glycolysis. | 1. Changes of Gibbs energy, enthalpy and entropy in red cells during steady-state glycolysis were discussed. 2. The heat production of red cells at various metabolic conditions was measured on a flow microcalorimeter with simultaneous analyses of lactate and other metabolites. The results were discussed in relation to ... | Thermodynamics of red cell glycolysis. 1. Changes of Gibbs energy, enthalpy and entropy in red cells during steady-state glycolysis were discussed. 2. The heat production of red cells at various metabolic conditions was measured on a flow microcalorimeter with simultaneous analyses of lactate and other metabolites. The... | [
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PMID:22970 | pH-dependent changes of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate. | A systematic study of the pH dependent changes in the range 6.6--7.4 of 2,3 bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) was performed in the presence and absence of glucose during transitional and steady states. The results indicate that 2,3-DPGase breaks down 2,3-DPG nealy independent of pH at a rate of 480 mu moles 2,3-DPG/1 cells... | pH-dependent changes of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate. A systematic study of the pH dependent changes in the range 6.6--7.4 of 2,3 bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) was performed in the presence and absence of glucose during transitional and steady states. The results indicate that 2,3-DPGase breaks down 2,3-DPG nealy independen... | [
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PMID:22972 | [Influence of bicarbonate on the content of 2,3-DPG (bisdihydroglycerophosphate) in preserved erythrocytes]. | Both whole blood in ACD-adenine-guanosine solution (PCV about 36%) and resuspensions of erythrocytes from EDTA-blood (PCV about 80%) were stored at 4 degrees C with an admixture of sodium bicarbonate. To the resuspensions simultaneously were added xylitol and inorganic phosphate. The erythrocyte concentration of 2,3-di... | [Influence of bicarbonate on the content of 2,3-DPG (bisdihydroglycerophosphate) in preserved erythrocytes]. Both whole blood in ACD-adenine-guanosine solution (PCV about 36%) and resuspensions of erythrocytes from EDTA-blood (PCV about 80%) were stored at 4 degrees C with an admixture of sodium bicarbonate. To the res... | [
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PMID:22974 | Experimental liver failure. A comparison between hepatectomy and hepatic devascularization in the pig. | Difficulties in the treatment of acute hepatic failure due to insufficient knowledge of the pathogenesis and the impredectability of the course has made an experimental model desirable. A number of such models have been proposed, among these hepatectomy and total hepatic devascularization. In the present study hepatect... | Experimental liver failure. A comparison between hepatectomy and hepatic devascularization in the pig. Difficulties in the treatment of acute hepatic failure due to insufficient knowledge of the pathogenesis and the impredectability of the course has made an experimental model desirable. A number of such models have be... | [
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PMID:22975 | Morphology, histochemistry and isozymes of monkey kidney cells during long-term exposure to cigarette smoke. | Monkey kidney cells (Vero) in monolayer culture were exposed to 260 puffs of whole smoke from a mid tar range cigarette over a period of 240 days. Cell morphology was investigated at the light and electron microscopic level. The histochemical characteristics of several hydrolytic enzymes and dehydrogenases were examine... | Morphology, histochemistry and isozymes of monkey kidney cells during long-term exposure to cigarette smoke. Monkey kidney cells (Vero) in monolayer culture were exposed to 260 puffs of whole smoke from a mid tar range cigarette over a period of 240 days. Cell morphology was investigated at the light and electron micro... | [
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PMID:22976 | Physiologic evaluation of the HFPPV pneumatic valve principle and PEEP. An experimental study. | In experiments in dogs the ventilatory and circulatory conditions prevailing with the ventilatory pattern in high-frequency positive-pressure ventilation (HFPPV) were investigated with use of a pneumatic valve principle and a ventilator system of an "open" character. Keeping the gas input constant the importance of ins... | Physiologic evaluation of the HFPPV pneumatic valve principle and PEEP. An experimental study. In experiments in dogs the ventilatory and circulatory conditions prevailing with the ventilatory pattern in high-frequency positive-pressure ventilation (HFPPV) were investigated with use of a pneumatic valve principle and a... | [
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PMID:22979 | Some effects of sugar-flavored acid beverages on the biochemistry of human whole saliva and dental plaque. | An investigation was made of the effects on some biochemical characteristics of human whole saliva and dental plaque resulting from the daily consumption of three commercial, acid-containing beverages. The beverages tested were a cola beverage ("Coca-Cola"), a carbonated orange drink ("Jaffa") and single strength orang... | Some effects of sugar-flavored acid beverages on the biochemistry of human whole saliva and dental plaque. An investigation was made of the effects on some biochemical characteristics of human whole saliva and dental plaque resulting from the daily consumption of three commercial, acid-containing beverages. The beverag... | [
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PMID:22981 | Kinetics of the binding of salicylazosulfapyridine to human serum albumin. | In order to elucidate the possibility of the dissociation rate of drugs from plasma proteins presenting a rate limiting step in the elimination of drugs by secretion (renal or biliary) and metabolism, the kinetics of salicylazosulfapyridine (SASP) binding to human serum albumin (HSA) has been investigated by stopped-fl... | Kinetics of the binding of salicylazosulfapyridine to human serum albumin. In order to elucidate the possibility of the dissociation rate of drugs from plasma proteins presenting a rate limiting step in the elimination of drugs by secretion (renal or biliary) and metabolism, the kinetics of salicylazosulfapyridine (SAS... | [
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PMID:22982 | Rapid gas chromatographic assay of serum diazepam, N-desmethyldiazepam, and N-desalkylflurazepam. | A rapid procedure for the measurement of serum diazepam (D), N-desmethyldiazepam (ND), and N-desalkylflurazepam (NF), levels in clinical samples is described. The single step extraction procedure yields quantitative extraction for the drugs mentioned above. No solvent evaporation step is needed. No interference of endo... | Rapid gas chromatographic assay of serum diazepam, N-desmethyldiazepam, and N-desalkylflurazepam. A rapid procedure for the measurement of serum diazepam (D), N-desmethyldiazepam (ND), and N-desalkylflurazepam (NF), levels in clinical samples is described. The single step extraction procedure yields quantitative extrac... | [
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PMID:22984 | The effect of adrenaline on acetylcholine synthesis after blockade of alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors in vitro. | The aim of the present work was to explain the mechanism of the stimulating effect of adrenaline (A) on acetylcholine (ACh) synthesis. This action is exerted most probably through the beta- adrenergic receptors, since propranolol and oxprenolol inhibit the stimulating effect of adrenaline on acetylcholine synthesis in ... | The effect of adrenaline on acetylcholine synthesis after blockade of alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors in vitro. The aim of the present work was to explain the mechanism of the stimulating effect of adrenaline (A) on acetylcholine (ACh) synthesis. This action is exerted most probably through the beta- adrenergic re... | [
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PMID:22988 | Direct antilipolytic effect of acidosis in isolated rat adipocytes. | The possibility that acidosis inhibits lipolysis indirectly by causing ionic shifts or by favouring the accumulation of an inhibitor has been tested in isolated fat cells. Lipolysis induced by 3 muM noradrenaline (NA) was inhibited by 40-60% and that induced by 1 mM theophylline (THEO) by about 75% when the pH was redu... | Direct antilipolytic effect of acidosis in isolated rat adipocytes. The possibility that acidosis inhibits lipolysis indirectly by causing ionic shifts or by favouring the accumulation of an inhibitor has been tested in isolated fat cells. Lipolysis induced by 3 muM noradrenaline (NA) was inhibited by 40-60% and that i... | [
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PMID:22989 | Psychic dependence? A different formulation of the problem with a view to the reorientation of therapy for chronic drug addiction. | Disputing the concept of "psychic dependence", the authors review six motivations to use addictive drugs, four of which pertain to the moment of assumption of the habit, and two of which, identifiable with physical and psychic dependence, depend on breaking of the habit. While physical dependence is linked to withdrawa... | Psychic dependence? A different formulation of the problem with a view to the reorientation of therapy for chronic drug addiction. Disputing the concept of "psychic dependence", the authors review six motivations to use addictive drugs, four of which pertain to the moment of assumption of the habit, and two of which, i... | [
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PMID:22990 | A repeated dose comparison of three benzodiazepine derivative (nitrazepam, flurazepam and flunitrazepam) on subjective appraisals of sleep and measures of psychomotor performance the morning following night-time medication. | Repeated doses of 5 mg nitrazepam, 15 mg flurazepam, and 1 mg flunitrazepam improved subjective assessments of the ease of getting to sleep and the perceived quality of induced sleep in a population of 30 healthy volunteers. The subjective reports of improved sleep inducement were related to a perceived difficulty in a... | A repeated dose comparison of three benzodiazepine derivative (nitrazepam, flurazepam and flunitrazepam) on subjective appraisals of sleep and measures of psychomotor performance the morning following night-time medication. Repeated doses of 5 mg nitrazepam, 15 mg flurazepam, and 1 mg flunitrazepam improved subjective ... | [
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PMID:22991 | Effects of clomiphene citrate administraiton on the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis of male chronic schizophrenics. | The clomiphene citrate stimulation test was performed in 16 adult male chronic hebephrenic schizophrenics (10 off therapy from 3 months to 1 year and six on therapy with phenothiazines or haloperidol) and in five normal controls, matched for age. Clomiphene citrate was given orally at a daily dose of 150 mg, divided in... | Effects of clomiphene citrate administraiton on the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis of male chronic schizophrenics. The clomiphene citrate stimulation test was performed in 16 adult male chronic hebephrenic schizophrenics (10 off therapy from 3 months to 1 year and six on therapy with phenothiazines or haloperidol) ... | [
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PMID:22985 | Substance P-like peptides and vasopressin release from posterior pituitary lobe incubated in situ after intracarotid injections of hypertonic solution in rats. | The experiments were performed on male rats, drinking 2% NaCl solution ad libitum for 12 days instead of tap water. The pituitary gland was exposed by the transpharyngeal approach under urethane-chloralose anaesthesia. The posterior lobe remained in neural and partial vascular connection with the hypothalamus, whereas ... | Substance P-like peptides and vasopressin release from posterior pituitary lobe incubated in situ after intracarotid injections of hypertonic solution in rats. The experiments were performed on male rats, drinking 2% NaCl solution ad libitum for 12 days instead of tap water. The pituitary gland was exposed by the trans... | [
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PMID:22993 | Neuronal aspects of opiate dependence and tolerance in comparison to central depressants. | Some acute and chronic effects of opiates and of central depressants have been reviewed, in order that a comparison can be made between the actions of these drugs. Special emphasis has been given to opiate-induced changes at the neuronal level, which have been studied either by the direct microelectrophoretic applicati... | Neuronal aspects of opiate dependence and tolerance in comparison to central depressants. Some acute and chronic effects of opiates and of central depressants have been reviewed, in order that a comparison can be made between the actions of these drugs. Special emphasis has been given to opiate-induced changes at the n... | [
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PMID:22986 | Effect of pH and lactate on glucose uptake by red and white skeletal muscle in vitro. | The diaphragm muscle (the red muscle) and m. obliquus externus abdominis (the white muscle) were incubated in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 and 6.8 in the presence of different concentrations of sodium lactate (0, 5, 10 and 30 mM). None of the used lactate concentrations changed significantly glucose uptake by the both mu... | Effect of pH and lactate on glucose uptake by red and white skeletal muscle in vitro. The diaphragm muscle (the red muscle) and m. obliquus externus abdominis (the white muscle) were incubated in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 and 6.8 in the presence of different concentrations of sodium lactate (0, 5, 10 and 30 mM). None ... | [
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PMID:22994 | The first cleavage site in pepsinogen activation. | By incubation of porcine, bovine, canine, or chicken pepsinogens and calf prochymosin with pepstatin at pH 2.5, the first active protein generated on activation is trapped in an inactive complex. The first activation peptide liberated from porcine pepsinogen has been identified as residues 1-16 whereas that from prochy... | The first cleavage site in pepsinogen activation. By incubation of porcine, bovine, canine, or chicken pepsinogens and calf prochymosin with pepstatin at pH 2.5, the first active protein generated on activation is trapped in an inactive complex. The first activation peptide liberated from porcine pepsinogen has been id... | [
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PMID:22995 | Inactive renin--a renin proenzyme? | Human plasma contains an inactive form of renin with a m.w. of 55,000, as against around 40,000 for active human renin. After acidification to pH 3.0 or incubation with trypsin, the inactive renin becomes more active and the molecular weight falls to that of active renin. In human kidney extracts, an increase in renin ... | Inactive renin--a renin proenzyme? Human plasma contains an inactive form of renin with a m.w. of 55,000, as against around 40,000 for active human renin. After acidification to pH 3.0 or incubation with trypsin, the inactive renin becomes more active and the molecular weight falls to that of active renin. In human kid... | [
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PMID:22996 | Characteristics and functions of proteinase A and its inhibitors in yeast. | A purification and some properties of proteinase A from yeast are described. A specific macromolecular inhibitor of proteinase A from yeast cytosol has been isolated and shown to be a protein (molecular weight 7,700) consisting of a majority of polar amino acids. Proline, arginine, cysteine and tryptophan were not dete... | Characteristics and functions of proteinase A and its inhibitors in yeast. A purification and some properties of proteinase A from yeast are described. A specific macromolecular inhibitor of proteinase A from yeast cytosol has been isolated and shown to be a protein (molecular weight 7,700) consisting of a majority of ... | [
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PMID:22997 | Comparison of the primary structures of acidic proteinases and of their zymogens. | From the scattered information about primary structures of aspartate proteinases the following general features appear: 1) Sequence determinations show that two catalytically active aspartic acid residues are located in highly conservative surroundings. 2) Zymogens have so far only been found for extracellular aspartat... | Comparison of the primary structures of acidic proteinases and of their zymogens. From the scattered information about primary structures of aspartate proteinases the following general features appear: 1) Sequence determinations show that two catalytically active aspartic acid residues are located in highly conservativ... | [
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PMID:22998 | Acid protease and its proenzyme from human seminal plasma. | An acid protease, with an optimum pH of 2.5, exists in seminal plasma in a proenzyme form. In acidic pH, the proenzyme is converted into the active form, resulting in the release of small molecular weight peptide. The extent and rate of proenzyme-active enzyme conversion is absolutely dependent on pH. Between pH 5 and ... | Acid protease and its proenzyme from human seminal plasma. An acid protease, with an optimum pH of 2.5, exists in seminal plasma in a proenzyme form. In acidic pH, the proenzyme is converted into the active form, resulting in the release of small molecular weight peptide. The extent and rate of proenzyme-active enzyme ... | [
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PMID:22999 | Intramolecular activation of pepsinogen. | Two pathways for pepsinogen activation have been demonstrated. Intramolecular activation, which is kinetically first-order, predominates over the autocatalytic pathway if the pH is below 3 and the protein concentration is less than 1 mg/ml during activation. Intramolecular pepsinogen activation is inhibited either by p... | Intramolecular activation of pepsinogen. Two pathways for pepsinogen activation have been demonstrated. Intramolecular activation, which is kinetically first-order, predominates over the autocatalytic pathway if the pH is below 3 and the protein concentration is less than 1 mg/ml during activation. Intramolecular pepsi... | [
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PMID:23001 | A cat head model with isolated perfusion by the animal's own blood. | A model consisting of a cat head perfused in isolation with the animal's own blood is described. The use of endogenous blood allows the organ to function under physiological conditions for several hours. The blood is taken from the abdominal aorta of the anaesthetized animal and passed to the carotid arteries via an ex... | A cat head model with isolated perfusion by the animal's own blood. A model consisting of a cat head perfused in isolation with the animal's own blood is described. The use of endogenous blood allows the organ to function under physiological conditions for several hours. The blood is taken from the abdominal aorta of t... | [
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PMID:23003 | An in vitro method for predicting the bioavailability of iron from foods. | An in vitro method for the determination of availability of nonheme iron from foods and diets was investigated. Food was extracted with pepsin-HCl at pH 1.35 and subsequently the pH was adjusted to pH 7.5 and filtered. Ionizable iron was determined in the pH 7.5 filterate by the alpha, alpha-dipyridyl method. The perce... | An in vitro method for predicting the bioavailability of iron from foods. An in vitro method for the determination of availability of nonheme iron from foods and diets was investigated. Food was extracted with pepsin-HCl at pH 1.35 and subsequently the pH was adjusted to pH 7.5 and filtered. Ionizable iron was determin... | [
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PMID:23004 | Effect of pentagastrin infusion on gastric emptying rate of solid food in man. | The effect of intravenous pentagrastin (4 microgram/kg-hr) on the rate of gastric emptying of solid food was studied in 6 normal men. A mean consisting of one 99mTc-tagged chicken liver mixed with beef stew and taken with 200 ml of water was followed on its passage through the gastrointestinal tract by intermittent sca... | Effect of pentagastrin infusion on gastric emptying rate of solid food in man. The effect of intravenous pentagrastin (4 microgram/kg-hr) on the rate of gastric emptying of solid food was studied in 6 normal men. A mean consisting of one 99mTc-tagged chicken liver mixed with beef stew and taken with 200 ml of water was... | [
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PMID:23005 | PH-dependent drug release from certain commercial tablets. | A dissolution-dialysis profile for each of several brands of nitrofurantoin, hydrochlorothiazide and sulfisoxazole tablets was developed at three pH levels. The study used a two-compartment diffusion cell with a semipermeable cellophane membrane. Nitrofuratoin tablets were tested at pH values of 7.2, 4.7 and 1.2; sulfi... | PH-dependent drug release from certain commercial tablets. A dissolution-dialysis profile for each of several brands of nitrofurantoin, hydrochlorothiazide and sulfisoxazole tablets was developed at three pH levels. The study used a two-compartment diffusion cell with a semipermeable cellophane membrane. Nitrofuratoin ... | [
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PMID:23007 | Metabolic effects of constant hypertonic glucose infusion in well-oxygenated fetuses. | In order to investigate the metabolic effects of a constant hypertonic glucose infusion in well-oxygenated fetuses, ten experiments were carried out in nine long-term experiments in fetal lambs. It appeared that a constant hypertonic glucose infusion did not significantly affect the fetal blood gases, pH, and plasma la... | Metabolic effects of constant hypertonic glucose infusion in well-oxygenated fetuses. In order to investigate the metabolic effects of a constant hypertonic glucose infusion in well-oxygenated fetuses, ten experiments were carried out in nine long-term experiments in fetal lambs. It appeared that a constant hypertonic ... | [
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PMID:23008 | The skin biopsy in the diagnosis of acute graft-versus-host disease in man. | Criteria for diagnosis of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) using skin biopsies were derived from a) general experience with more than 300 human marrow grafts and b) the results of "blind" studies of skin biopsy specimens of patients grafted with either allogeneic or syngeneic marrow. Large doses of cytotoxic drug... | The skin biopsy in the diagnosis of acute graft-versus-host disease in man. Criteria for diagnosis of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) using skin biopsies were derived from a) general experience with more than 300 human marrow grafts and b) the results of "blind" studies of skin biopsy specimens of patients graft... | [
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PMID:23010 | Cytoplasmic dipeptidase activities of kidney, ileum, jejunum, liver, muscle, and blood. | Peptide hydrolase activities against glycyl-L-leucine and glycylglycine were investigated in the soluble fractions of blood, liver, kidney cortex, skeletal muscle (gastrocnemius), and jejunal and ileal mucosa of rats. The maximal hydrolase activity in each tissue was determined when the incubation conditions, such as t... | Cytoplasmic dipeptidase activities of kidney, ileum, jejunum, liver, muscle, and blood. Peptide hydrolase activities against glycyl-L-leucine and glycylglycine were investigated in the soluble fractions of blood, liver, kidney cortex, skeletal muscle (gastrocnemius), and jejunal and ileal mucosa of rats. The maximal hy... | [
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PMID:23012 | Transport of H+ against electrochemical gradients in turtle urinary bladder. | Active H+ transport (JH) by the isolated turtle bladder was inhibited by either an applied chemical gradient (deltapH) or an electrical gradient (deltapsi). The relation of JH to either deltapH or deltapsi was linear, and the slopes and the force gradients required to bring JH to zero were similar with both methods. Th... | Transport of H+ against electrochemical gradients in turtle urinary bladder. Active H+ transport (JH) by the isolated turtle bladder was inhibited by either an applied chemical gradient (deltapH) or an electrical gradient (deltapsi). The relation of JH to either deltapH or deltapsi was linear, and the slopes and the fo... | [
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PMID:23014 | Hydrogen ion metabolism. | The renal and respiratory systems regulate acid base homeostasis by modifying the bicarbonate buffer pair HCO3- and CO2; other buffer systems adjust to alterations in this pair. The pH change following addition of metabolic acid, or base, is modified initially by the body's buffers. Subsequent respiratory compensation,... | Hydrogen ion metabolism. The renal and respiratory systems regulate acid base homeostasis by modifying the bicarbonate buffer pair HCO3- and CO2; other buffer systems adjust to alterations in this pair. The pH change following addition of metabolic acid, or base, is modified initially by the body's buffers. Subsequent ... | [
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PMID:23013 | Specific drug interactions in anaesthesia. | The sites and mechanisms of the interaction of drugs have been discussed with special relevance to the work of the anaesthetist. | Specific drug interactions in anaesthesia. The sites and mechanisms of the interaction of drugs have been discussed with special relevance to the work of the anaesthetist. | [
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PMID:23018 | [Flunitrazepam, trazodone and sulpiride in the treatment of recovery reactions after ketamine anesthesia]. | The authors studied the effects of flunitrazepam, trazodone and sulpiride on recovery reactions following ketamine anaesthesia, in male patients aged between 15 and 25 years, following minor orthopaedic surgery. Only flunitrazepam and trazodone proved to be effective, whilst sulpiride was quite useless in the preventio... | [Flunitrazepam, trazodone and sulpiride in the treatment of recovery reactions after ketamine anesthesia]. The authors studied the effects of flunitrazepam, trazodone and sulpiride on recovery reactions following ketamine anaesthesia, in male patients aged between 15 and 25 years, following minor orthopaedic surgery. O... | [
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PMID:23019 | [Changes in the affinity of oxygen for hemoglobin during general anesthesia]. | The well known effects of the lowering of the intraerythrocyte 2, 3, diphosphoglycerate (2, 3, DPG) level and hypothermia, on the affinity of oxygen for hemoglobin, lead the authors to study the influence of these parameters on this affinity during general anesthesia. The following observations were made in 15 adult su... | [Changes in the affinity of oxygen for hemoglobin during general anesthesia]. The well known effects of the lowering of the intraerythrocyte 2, 3, diphosphoglycerate (2, 3, DPG) level and hypothermia, on the affinity of oxygen for hemoglobin, lead the authors to study the influence of these parameters on this affinity ... | [
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PMID:23020 | [Evaluation of per- and postoperative bleeding in 250 poro-metal total hip prostheses without cement]. | Arthroplasty of the hip without cement in poro-metal (JUDET type) represents real progress. However, per-operative bleeding is greater, 48 per cent of patients losing more than 2000 ml and 25 per cent more than 3000 ml. Various factors may influence the degree of haemorrhage: the operative indication, the time of the o... | [Evaluation of per- and postoperative bleeding in 250 poro-metal total hip prostheses without cement]. Arthroplasty of the hip without cement in poro-metal (JUDET type) represents real progress. However, per-operative bleeding is greater, 48 per cent of patients losing more than 2000 ml and 25 per cent more than 3000 m... | [
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PMID:23021 | [Effects of high doses of morphinomimetics (fentanyl and fentathienyl) on the cerebral circulation in normal subjects]. | The effects of large doses of morphinomimetics on the cerebral circulation were studied in 12 normal subjects (fentanyl 16 microgram/kg in 6 patients and fentathienyl 1.9 microgram/kg in 6 others). Mean hemispheric flow (corrected to a pCO2 of 40) changed from 50.8 +/- 4.4 ml/100 g/min in the conscious state to 50.3 +/... | [Effects of high doses of morphinomimetics (fentanyl and fentathienyl) on the cerebral circulation in normal subjects]. The effects of large doses of morphinomimetics on the cerebral circulation were studied in 12 normal subjects (fentanyl 16 microgram/kg in 6 patients and fentathienyl 1.9 microgram/kg in 6 others). Me... | [
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PMID:23023 | [Current aspects of gas gangrene, apropos of 47 cases collected over a 3-year period (1974-1976)]. | On the basis of 47 cases of gas gangrene collected over the three year period between 1974 and 1976, the authors review the circumstances surrounding its development, the clinical features and the prognosis of the disorder which remains grave despite a well-defined therapeutic protocol combining surgery, antibiotics an... | [Current aspects of gas gangrene, apropos of 47 cases collected over a 3-year period (1974-1976)]. On the basis of 47 cases of gas gangrene collected over the three year period between 1974 and 1976, the authors review the circumstances surrounding its development, the clinical features and the prognosis of the disorde... | [
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PMID:23025 | [Early complications after pleuro-pulmonary surgery. Study based on 217 operated patients]. | In a study involving 217 patients who had undergone thoracotomy, the authors noted 85 complications in 77 patients with a mortality of 2.5 per cent. Respiratory complications were the most common but never ended in death. By contrast, cardiac complications are the most severe. The absence of mortality of respiratory or... | [Early complications after pleuro-pulmonary surgery. Study based on 217 operated patients]. In a study involving 217 patients who had undergone thoracotomy, the authors noted 85 complications in 77 patients with a mortality of 2.5 per cent. Respiratory complications were the most common but never ended in death. By con... | [
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PMID:23026 | [Bacteroides fragilis septicemia]. | On the basis of eight cases of Bacteroides fragilis septicaemia, the authors review recent data from the literature related to this topic. They first note the increasing prevalence, accounting for approximately 10 per cent of all septicaemias at the present time. They note that the most frequent portals of entry are si... | [Bacteroides fragilis septicemia]. On the basis of eight cases of Bacteroides fragilis septicaemia, the authors review recent data from the literature related to this topic. They first note the increasing prevalence, accounting for approximately 10 per cent of all septicaemias at the present time. They note that the mo... | [
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0.05343718454241752... |
PMID:23027 | [Thiamine deficiency in chronic alcoholics. Value of pre- and postoperative treatment]. | Thiamine deficiency in the chronic alcoholic would appear to have a triple origin: inadequate intake, absorption and utilisation. Its consequences are well known: peripheral neuropathy, WERNICKE and KORSAKOFF type encephalopathies and cardiac problems (with asystole at the extreme). The active principle of thiamine, TP... | [Thiamine deficiency in chronic alcoholics. Value of pre- and postoperative treatment]. Thiamine deficiency in the chronic alcoholic would appear to have a triple origin: inadequate intake, absorption and utilisation. Its consequences are well known: peripheral neuropathy, WERNICKE and KORSAKOFF type encephalopathies a... | [
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PMID:23031 | [Pulmonary mechanics and alveolar exchanges in the elderly with apparently healthy lungs. Preliminary study]. | A group of ten elderly subjects who were apparently normal from the cardiac and pulmonary points of view, were selected on criteria of history, clinical findings, radiological and E.C.G. findings, with a view to a study of respiratory function based on two aspects: alveolar exchanges were assessed by measurement of the... | [Pulmonary mechanics and alveolar exchanges in the elderly with apparently healthy lungs. Preliminary study]. A group of ten elderly subjects who were apparently normal from the cardiac and pulmonary points of view, were selected on criteria of history, clinical findings, radiological and E.C.G. findings, with a view t... | [
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PMID:23032 | [The aged heart in surgery]. | The risk of surgical operation is increased by the presence of heart disease. The statistics are too limited for this risk to be expressed more precisely. The heart in the elderly is no longer a normal heart. The myocardial functional reserve declines, the quality of the A.V. conduction is not always good and vascular ... | [The aged heart in surgery]. The risk of surgical operation is increased by the presence of heart disease. The statistics are too limited for this risk to be expressed more precisely. The heart in the elderly is no longer a normal heart. The myocardial functional reserve declines, the quality of the A.V. conduction is ... | [
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PMID:23035 | [Postoperative nitrogen balance in the elderly. Effects of an anti-aldosterone drug]. | A previous study led us to believe that the use of anti-aldosterone treatment in the immediate post-operative phase of abdominal surgery ensured energy saving in nitrogen balance. In fact, if massive restoral of water and electrolytes proves necessary, the optimum sodium and potassium intake during the use of soludacto... | [Postoperative nitrogen balance in the elderly. Effects of an anti-aldosterone drug]. A previous study led us to believe that the use of anti-aldosterone treatment in the immediate post-operative phase of abdominal surgery ensured energy saving in nitrogen balance. In fact, if massive restoral of water and electrolytes... | [
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0... |
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