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PMID:25215 | Nasal absorption of insulin in dogs. | The intranasal application of an insulin solution in dogs resulted in the rise of plasma immunoreactive insulin and in dose-dependent hypoglycemia. The absorption of insulin from this site was found to be enhanced when insulin was dissolved in an acid medium. In addition, when an insulin preparation with some surfactan... | Nasal absorption of insulin in dogs. The intranasal application of an insulin solution in dogs resulted in the rise of plasma immunoreactive insulin and in dose-dependent hypoglycemia. The absorption of insulin from this site was found to be enhanced when insulin was dissolved in an acid medium. In addition, when an in... | [
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PMID:25217 | Trial of an alpha-adrenolytic drug (indoramin) for nocturnal enuresis. | The investigation of methods of treatment known to be effective in controlling nocturnal enuresis may yield information on the pathophysiology of the condition. An attempt has been made to mimic the known alpha-adrenolytic action of imipramine by treating a group of 14 enuretic school-children with a competitive alpha-... | Trial of an alpha-adrenolytic drug (indoramin) for nocturnal enuresis. The investigation of methods of treatment known to be effective in controlling nocturnal enuresis may yield information on the pathophysiology of the condition. An attempt has been made to mimic the known alpha-adrenolytic action of imipramine by tr... | [
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PMID:25218 | Intestinal mucins in health and disease. | Intestinal mucins are complex glycoproteins which are secreted from goblet cells, and form a gel-like covering over the mucosal surface. They are assumed to provide lubrication and protection of the underlying epithelium against potentially injurious chemicals, enzymes, bacteria and dietary constituents. Recent advance... | Intestinal mucins in health and disease. Intestinal mucins are complex glycoproteins which are secreted from goblet cells, and form a gel-like covering over the mucosal surface. They are assumed to provide lubrication and protection of the underlying epithelium against potentially injurious chemicals, enzymes, bacteria... | [
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PMID:25221 | Prognosis in children with Crohn's disease. | The course of 86 children with Crohn's disease was examined during a 10-year period between 1966 and 1976. Patients were classified according to the initial site of disease. Ileocolitis was the most (52%) and colitis the least (9%) common form of disease with diffuse small bowel or ileal disease each comprising nearly ... | Prognosis in children with Crohn's disease. The course of 86 children with Crohn's disease was examined during a 10-year period between 1966 and 1976. Patients were classified according to the initial site of disease. Ileocolitis was the most (52%) and colitis the least (9%) common form of disease with diffuse small bo... | [
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PMID:25222 | Inhibition of pancreatic secretion by enkephalin and morphine in dogs. | The nature and extent of enkephalin- and morphine-induced inhibition of pancreatic bicarbonate and protein secretion were studied in dogs with chronic pancreatic fistulae after administering exogenous secretin or octapeptide of cholecystokinin and stimulants for the endogenous release of these hormones. Enkephalin and ... | Inhibition of pancreatic secretion by enkephalin and morphine in dogs. The nature and extent of enkephalin- and morphine-induced inhibition of pancreatic bicarbonate and protein secretion were studied in dogs with chronic pancreatic fistulae after administering exogenous secretin or octapeptide of cholecystokinin and s... | [
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PMID:25227 | Some further characteristics of the growth of Naegleria fowleri and N. gruberi in axenic culture. | The effects of pH, various viscosity of the medium, changed ratio between the concentrations of dissolved and corpuscular components in the medium, and dissolved inorganic salts on the growth of axenic cultures of Naegleria fowleri and N. gruberi have been studied. The cultures were grown in liquid CALYG and BCS media.... | Some further characteristics of the growth of Naegleria fowleri and N. gruberi in axenic culture. The effects of pH, various viscosity of the medium, changed ratio between the concentrations of dissolved and corpuscular components in the medium, and dissolved inorganic salts on the growth of axenic cultures of Naegleri... | [
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PMID:25228 | Virological examination of mosquito larvae from southern Moravia. | 254 pools of 4,115 mosquito larvae belonging to nine species were examined by isolation experiments. The larvae were collected in breeding places in an inundated forest--a natural focus of Tahyna virus, in April, June and July 1974 and 1975. Tahyna virus was isolated from one pool of 10 Culiseta annulata larvae collect... | Virological examination of mosquito larvae from southern Moravia. 254 pools of 4,115 mosquito larvae belonging to nine species were examined by isolation experiments. The larvae were collected in breeding places in an inundated forest--a natural focus of Tahyna virus, in April, June and July 1974 and 1975. Tahyna virus... | [
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PMID:25229 | [Electroencephalographic effects of flurazepam in rabbits (author's transl)]. | Electroencephalographic (EEG) effects of flurazepam were investigated in unanesthetized, unrestrained rabbits with chronic electrode implants and compared with those of diazepam. Flurazepam, at doses of 0.5 approximately 5 mg/kg i.v., induced a drowsy EEG pattern, i.e. high voltage slow waves in the cortex and amygdalo... | [Electroencephalographic effects of flurazepam in rabbits (author's transl)]. Electroencephalographic (EEG) effects of flurazepam were investigated in unanesthetized, unrestrained rabbits with chronic electrode implants and compared with those of diazepam. Flurazepam, at doses of 0.5 approximately 5 mg/kg i.v., induced... | [
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PMID:25230 | [Comparative studies of antihypertensive effects of several beta-blocking agents in conscious rats (author's transl)]. | The present study was undertaken to compare the antihypertensive effects of beta-blocking agents and to clarify the relations between antihypertensive effects and beta-blocking actions. In this study, blood pressure was measured by a direct cannulation of the abdominal aorta. Subcutaneous administration of carteolol an... | [Comparative studies of antihypertensive effects of several beta-blocking agents in conscious rats (author's transl)]. The present study was undertaken to compare the antihypertensive effects of beta-blocking agents and to clarify the relations between antihypertensive effects and beta-blocking actions. In this study, ... | [
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PMID:25231 | [Pharmacological studies of loperamide, an anti-diarrheal agent. I. Effects on diarrhea induced by castor oil and prostaglandin E. (author's transl)]. | Effects of loperamide on diarrhea induced by castor oil and prostaglandin E1 were investigated in rats and mice and compared with those of narcotic analgesics, atropine, mecamylamine and local anesthetics. The following results were obtained. Loperamide markedly suppressed the appearance of diarrhea induced by oral adm... | [Pharmacological studies of loperamide, an anti-diarrheal agent. I. Effects on diarrhea induced by castor oil and prostaglandin E. (author's transl)]. Effects of loperamide on diarrhea induced by castor oil and prostaglandin E1 were investigated in rats and mice and compared with those of narcotic analgesics, atropine,... | [
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PMID:25232 | [Mechanism of methamphetamine toxicity in grouped mice and the effects of centrally acting drugs on its toxicity (author's transl)]. | The mortality of ddK mice treated with 40 mg/kg i.p. of methamphetamine (MA) was 85% in grouped conditions (10 mice in a cage) and 3% in individually isolated conditions. This mortality was not altered by the social environments even when other mice in the cage were not treated with MA. The mortality of mice individual... | [Mechanism of methamphetamine toxicity in grouped mice and the effects of centrally acting drugs on its toxicity (author's transl)]. The mortality of ddK mice treated with 40 mg/kg i.p. of methamphetamine (MA) was 85% in grouped conditions (10 mice in a cage) and 3% in individually isolated conditions. This mortality w... | [
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PMID:25233 | [Digestant effects of a new digestive enzyme capsule, Excelase, on jejunectomized and pancreato-jejunectomized Beagle dogs (author's transl)]. | The digestant effects of a new digestive capsule, excelase containing sanactase, proctase, meicelase, olipase-2S and pancreatic digestive enzyme TA, were investigated in vivo. Jejunectomy and pancreato-jejunectomy were performed to cause an artificial disturbance of gastro-intestinal digestion and absorption in Beagle ... | [Digestant effects of a new digestive enzyme capsule, Excelase, on jejunectomized and pancreato-jejunectomized Beagle dogs (author's transl)]. The digestant effects of a new digestive capsule, excelase containing sanactase, proctase, meicelase, olipase-2S and pancreatic digestive enzyme TA, were investigated in vivo. J... | [
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PMID:25234 | [Relation between the drug-metabolizing activities of liver microsomes and multiplicity of cytochrome P-450 (author's transl)]. | Wada et al. found a hyperbolic curve in the Lineweaver-Burk plots of the drug-metabolizing activity and competitive inhibition of steroid hormones to drugs, and suggested that several enzymes acting on different sites of various steroid hormone molecules might metabolize drugs without having specificities for hydroxyla... | [Relation between the drug-metabolizing activities of liver microsomes and multiplicity of cytochrome P-450 (author's transl)]. Wada et al. found a hyperbolic curve in the Lineweaver-Burk plots of the drug-metabolizing activity and competitive inhibition of steroid hormones to drugs, and suggested that several enzymes ... | [
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PMID:25237 | [Comparative studies on the protective effect of etilefrin and dihydroergotamine in circulatory instability after blood donation]. | In 20 female and 40 male subjects with circulatory instability, the response of pulse rate and blood pressure to blood loss and orthostasis was studied under the condition of protective pretreatment with drugs known to improve venous return by increasing the tone of capacitance vessels. Before blood loss (420 ml), in a... | [Comparative studies on the protective effect of etilefrin and dihydroergotamine in circulatory instability after blood donation]. In 20 female and 40 male subjects with circulatory instability, the response of pulse rate and blood pressure to blood loss and orthostasis was studied under the condition of protective pre... | [
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PMID:25241 | Macrophage colony development: properties of colony stimulating factors from murine embryo and pregnant uterus. | Extracts from embryonic and uterine tissue of mice, operationally defined as colony stimulating factor (CSF), promoted the growth of macrophage-granulocyte colonies in vitro. Uterine CSF focusses from pH 5.15 to 6.00 and embryonic CSF from pH 3.60 to 5.20, although both forms have similar biological activity. CSF is re... | Macrophage colony development: properties of colony stimulating factors from murine embryo and pregnant uterus. Extracts from embryonic and uterine tissue of mice, operationally defined as colony stimulating factor (CSF), promoted the growth of macrophage-granulocyte colonies in vitro. Uterine CSF focusses from pH 5.15... | [
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PMID:25242 | Effect of complement fixation on the release of lysosomal enzymes from rabbit alveolar macrophages. | Macrophage lysosomal enzymes that have specificities for substrates found in mammalian tissue may contribute to the tissue damage observed in chronic inflammatory diseases. Although a variety of agents that stimulate the release of hydrolases from peritoneal macrophages have been identified, little work has been done t... | Effect of complement fixation on the release of lysosomal enzymes from rabbit alveolar macrophages. Macrophage lysosomal enzymes that have specificities for substrates found in mammalian tissue may contribute to the tissue damage observed in chronic inflammatory diseases. Although a variety of agents that stimulate the... | [
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PMID:25243 | Evidence for quantitative variability of bacterial opsonic requirements. | We studied human serum opsonins by using combinations of heat inactivation and chelation to inhibit complement, adsorption to remove antibody, and trypan blue to inactivate the C3 receptor of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Streptococcus pneumoniae, serotype 25, required both complement and immunoglobulin for opson... | Evidence for quantitative variability of bacterial opsonic requirements. We studied human serum opsonins by using combinations of heat inactivation and chelation to inhibit complement, adsorption to remove antibody, and trypan blue to inactivate the C3 receptor of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Streptococcus pneum... | [
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PMID:25244 | Interactions between effector cell activity and lymphokines: implications for recovery from herpesvirus infections. | The destruction of herpesvirus-infected target cells by antibody-dependent and direct cell cytotoxicity was enhanced by the presence of bovine lymphokine-containing preparations. To relate these effects to possible in vivo mechanisms of recovery, several in vitro approaches were used to measure the effects of lymphokin... | Interactions between effector cell activity and lymphokines: implications for recovery from herpesvirus infections. The destruction of herpesvirus-infected target cells by antibody-dependent and direct cell cytotoxicity was enhanced by the presence of bovine lymphokine-containing preparations. To relate these effects t... | [
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PMID:25245 | Synthesis and biological activity of ovine beta-lipotropin-(41--91)-henkaipentekontapeptide. | The 51-residue peptide ovine beta-lipotropin-(41--91) has been synthesized by the solid-phase method in about 5% overall yield. The synthetic product was characterized by partition chromatography on agarose gel, thin-layer chromatography in two solvent systems, paper electrophoresis at two pH values, polyacrylamide gel... | Synthesis and biological activity of ovine beta-lipotropin-(41--91)-henkaipentekontapeptide. The 51-residue peptide ovine beta-lipotropin-(41--91) has been synthesized by the solid-phase method in about 5% overall yield. The synthetic product was characterized by partition chromatography on agarose gel, thin-layer chro... | [
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PMID:25248 | Glucose oxidation in the chick cornea: effect of diamide on the pentose shunt. | Chick embryo corneas (stages 38 and 45) have been used to study variations in pentose shunt activity following the use of a glutathione-specific oxidizing agent, diamide, and a sulfydryl blocking agent, N-ethylmaleimide (NEM). Shunt activity was measured by the ratio of radiolabeled carbon 1 (14C-1) of glucose to radio... | Glucose oxidation in the chick cornea: effect of diamide on the pentose shunt. Chick embryo corneas (stages 38 and 45) have been used to study variations in pentose shunt activity following the use of a glutathione-specific oxidizing agent, diamide, and a sulfydryl blocking agent, N-ethylmaleimide (NEM). Shunt activity... | [
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PMID:25256 | Blood gas changes during panting in a small East African antelope, the dik-dik. | Five adult male dik-dik (Madoqua kirkii) were exposed in a climatic chamber to an air temperature of 45 degrees C. Measurements were made of rectal temperature (Tre) and respiratory frequency (f) and arterial blood samples taken before and during heat exposure were analyzed for pH, PCO2 and PO2. During exposure, Tre an... | Blood gas changes during panting in a small East African antelope, the dik-dik. Five adult male dik-dik (Madoqua kirkii) were exposed in a climatic chamber to an air temperature of 45 degrees C. Measurements were made of rectal temperature (Tre) and respiratory frequency (f) and arterial blood samples taken before and ... | [
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PMID:25260 | Alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase from Rhodotorula flava. | An alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase (EC 3.2.1.55) from the culture fluid of Rhodotorula flava IFO 0407 grown on beet arabinan as a carbon source has been highly purified. The purified enzyme has a pH optimum of 2.0. The enzyme is unusually acid stable, retaining 82% of its activity after being maintained for 24 h at pH 1.5 ... | Alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase from Rhodotorula flava. An alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase (EC 3.2.1.55) from the culture fluid of Rhodotorula flava IFO 0407 grown on beet arabinan as a carbon source has been highly purified. The purified enzyme has a pH optimum of 2.0. The enzyme is unusually acid stable, retaining 82% of its... | [
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PMID:25261 | Protonmotive force and motility of Bacillus subtilis. | Motility of Bacillus subtilis was inhibited within a few minutes by a combination of valinomycin and a high concentration of potassium ions in the medium at neutral pH. Motility was restored by lowering the concentration of valinomycin or potassium ions. The valinomycin concentration necessary for motility inhibition w... | Protonmotive force and motility of Bacillus subtilis. Motility of Bacillus subtilis was inhibited within a few minutes by a combination of valinomycin and a high concentration of potassium ions in the medium at neutral pH. Motility was restored by lowering the concentration of valinomycin or potassium ions. The valinom... | [
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PMID:25262 | Fate of heterospecific transforming DNA bound to Streptococcus sanguis. | The fate of 3H-labeled str-r fus-s DNA from Streptococcus pneumoniae, bound after a 1-min uptake to 14C-labeled str-s fus-r S. sanguis recipients, was followed by techniques previously developed for analyzing the fate of homospecific DNA. Heterospecific S. pneumoniae DNA was bound and formed complexes with recipient pr... | Fate of heterospecific transforming DNA bound to Streptococcus sanguis. The fate of 3H-labeled str-r fus-s DNA from Streptococcus pneumoniae, bound after a 1-min uptake to 14C-labeled str-s fus-r S. sanguis recipients, was followed by techniques previously developed for analyzing the fate of homospecific DNA. Heterospe... | [
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PMID:25263 | Cell-free biosynthesis of the O-acetylated N-acetylneuraminic acid capsular polysaccharide of group C meningococci. | A cell-free system was established to study the biosynthesis of group C meningococcal capsular polysaccharide, an alpha-2 leads to 9-linked N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc) homopolymer containing O-acetyl groups at either C7 or C8. Sialyltransferase activity, isolated from group C meningococcus strain C-11, catalyzed in... | Cell-free biosynthesis of the O-acetylated N-acetylneuraminic acid capsular polysaccharide of group C meningococci. A cell-free system was established to study the biosynthesis of group C meningococcal capsular polysaccharide, an alpha-2 leads to 9-linked N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc) homopolymer containing O-acetyl ... | [
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PMID:25264 | Involvement of the product of the glnF gene in the autogenous regulation of glutamine synthetase formation in Klebsiella aerogenes. | Mutations in a site, glnF, linked by P1-mediated transduction of argG on the chromosome of Klebsiella aerogenes, result in a requirement for glutamine. Mutants in this gene have in all media a level of glutamine synthetase (GS) corresponding to the level found in the wild-type strain grown in the medium producing the s... | Involvement of the product of the glnF gene in the autogenous regulation of glutamine synthetase formation in Klebsiella aerogenes. Mutations in a site, glnF, linked by P1-mediated transduction of argG on the chromosome of Klebsiella aerogenes, result in a requirement for glutamine. Mutants in this gene have in all med... | [
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PMID:25265 | Glycerolipid biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: sn-glycerol-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate acyltransferase activities. | Yeast acyl-coenzyme A:dihydroxyacetone-phosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP acyltransferase; EC 2.3.1.42) was investigated to (i) determine whether its activity and that of acyl-coenzyme A:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase (glycerol-P acyltransferase; EC 2.3.1.15) represent dual catalytic functions of a single mem... | Glycerolipid biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: sn-glycerol-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate acyltransferase activities. Yeast acyl-coenzyme A:dihydroxyacetone-phosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP acyltransferase; EC 2.3.1.42) was investigated to (i) determine whether its activity and that of acyl-coenzym... | [
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PMID:25266 | Intracellular serine protease of Bacillus subtilis: sequence homology with extracellular subtilisins. | Intracellular serine protease was isolated from stationary-grown Bacillus subtilis A-50 cells and purified to homogeneity. The molecular weight of the enzyme is 31,000 +/- 1,000, with an isoelectric point of 4.3. Its amino acid composition is characteristically enriched in glutamic acid content, differing from that of ... | Intracellular serine protease of Bacillus subtilis: sequence homology with extracellular subtilisins. Intracellular serine protease was isolated from stationary-grown Bacillus subtilis A-50 cells and purified to homogeneity. The molecular weight of the enzyme is 31,000 +/- 1,000, with an isoelectric point of 4.3. Its a... | [
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PMID:25267 | Acid proteases. II. Fluorescence study of the interaction of Cladosporium acid protease with glycyl-DL-norleucine methyl ester in the presence of cupric ions. | Glycyl-DL-norleucine methyl ester (GN), a diazoacetyl-DL-norleucine methyl ester (DAN) analog, in the presence of cupric ions was found to partially quench the protein fluorescence of acid protease from Cladosporium sp. No. 45-2, and cupric ions were also found to quench the fluorescence. These quenchings were pH-depen... | Acid proteases. II. Fluorescence study of the interaction of Cladosporium acid protease with glycyl-DL-norleucine methyl ester in the presence of cupric ions. Glycyl-DL-norleucine methyl ester (GN), a diazoacetyl-DL-norleucine methyl ester (DAN) analog, in the presence of cupric ions was found to partially quench the p... | [
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PMID:25268 | Purification and some properties of a neutral muscle pyrophosphatase. | In the water-soluble fraction of rabbit skeletal muscle, at least two types of inorganic pyro phosphatase (PPase) are distinguishable on ion exchange column chromatography. One of them, pyrophosphatase-A (PPase-A), was isolated in an electrophoretically homogeneous form. This enzyme catalyzed the hydrolysis of PPi but ... | Purification and some properties of a neutral muscle pyrophosphatase. In the water-soluble fraction of rabbit skeletal muscle, at least two types of inorganic pyro phosphatase (PPase) are distinguishable on ion exchange column chromatography. One of them, pyrophosphatase-A (PPase-A), was isolated in an electrophoretica... | [
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PMID:25269 | Bacteriolytic enzyme induced from pyocinogenic Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Purification and characterization of PR1-lysozyme. | A bacteriolytic enzyme, PR1-lysozyme, has been purified from the lysate of mitomycin C-induced pyocinogenic Pseudomonas aeruginosa, by acrinol treatment, Amberlite CG-50 chromatography, ammonium sulfate fractionation, Sephadex G-100 gel filtration and two cycles of SP-Sephadex C-50 chromatography. Homogeneity of the pr... | Bacteriolytic enzyme induced from pyocinogenic Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Purification and characterization of PR1-lysozyme. A bacteriolytic enzyme, PR1-lysozyme, has been purified from the lysate of mitomycin C-induced pyocinogenic Pseudomonas aeruginosa, by acrinol treatment, Amberlite CG-50 chromatography, ammonium sul... | [
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PMID:25270 | Studies on soybean trypsin inhibitors. XIII. Preparation and characterization of active fragments from Bowman-Birk proteinase inhibitor. | Soybean Bowman-Birk inhibitor, a double-headed inhibitor of trypsin and alpha-chymotrypsin, was treated with cyanogen bromide and then pepsin to yield two inhibitory active fragments. Structural investigation showed that one of the fragments was derived from the trypsin inhibitory domain and the other from the chymotry... | Studies on soybean trypsin inhibitors. XIII. Preparation and characterization of active fragments from Bowman-Birk proteinase inhibitor. Soybean Bowman-Birk inhibitor, a double-headed inhibitor of trypsin and alpha-chymotrypsin, was treated with cyanogen bromide and then pepsin to yield two inhibitory active fragments.... | [
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PMID:25271 | A new affinity adsorbent for guanyloribonuclease. Guanylyl-(2'-5')-guanosine coupled to aminohexyl-Sepharose. | Guanylyl-(2'-5')-guanosine binds to RNase T1 in 1:1 stoichiometry with a dissociation constant of 0.22 mM at pH 5.0 and 25 degrees C. This nucleotide, coupled to aminohexyl-Sepharose 4B, is able to serve as an affinity adsorbent for guanyloribonuclease [EC 3.1.4.8]. The strength of interaction between the adsorbent and... | A new affinity adsorbent for guanyloribonuclease. Guanylyl-(2'-5')-guanosine coupled to aminohexyl-Sepharose. Guanylyl-(2'-5')-guanosine binds to RNase T1 in 1:1 stoichiometry with a dissociation constant of 0.22 mM at pH 5.0 and 25 degrees C. This nucleotide, coupled to aminohexyl-Sepharose 4B, is able to serve as an ... | [
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PMID:25274 | Purification and characterization of lysozyme produced by Streptomyces erythraeus. | A species of lysozyme (SE lysozyme) was purified from culture filtrate of Streptomyces erythraeus. The enzyme has a molecular weight of 18,500 as determined by ultracentrifugation. Its isoelectric point is 9.5, and it shows optimal activity at pH 4.0 with an optimal ionic strength of 0.1. Investigation of the substrate... | Purification and characterization of lysozyme produced by Streptomyces erythraeus. A species of lysozyme (SE lysozyme) was purified from culture filtrate of Streptomyces erythraeus. The enzyme has a molecular weight of 18,500 as determined by ultracentrifugation. Its isoelectric point is 9.5, and it shows optimal activ... | [
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PMID:25275 | Induction of hepatic tyrosine aminotransferase mRNA by protein synthesis inhibitors. | Several protein synthesis inhibitors were as effective as the inducers hydrocortisone or cyclic AMP in elevating rat liver tyrosine aminotransferase mRNA levels when assayed in the wheat germ cell-free translational system. Cycloheximide, emetine, or puromycin increased this mRNA activity 6- to 7-fold within 4 h after ... | Induction of hepatic tyrosine aminotransferase mRNA by protein synthesis inhibitors. Several protein synthesis inhibitors were as effective as the inducers hydrocortisone or cyclic AMP in elevating rat liver tyrosine aminotransferase mRNA levels when assayed in the wheat germ cell-free translational system. Cycloheximi... | [
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PMID:25282 | The role of Ca2+ on pH-induced hydrodynamic changes of bovine pancreatic deoxyribonuclease A. | DNase A studied by gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 at pH 7.4 in 40 mM Tris-HCl buffer, behaves hydrodynamically as a spherical monomeric macromolecule of around 31,000 molecular weight, with a Stokes radius = 24.7 A, f/fo = 1.19, and D20,W = 8.69. Similar results were obtained by analytical dialysis using zinc chlorid... | The role of Ca2+ on pH-induced hydrodynamic changes of bovine pancreatic deoxyribonuclease A. DNase A studied by gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 at pH 7.4 in 40 mM Tris-HCl buffer, behaves hydrodynamically as a spherical monomeric macromolecule of around 31,000 molecular weight, with a Stokes radius = 24.7 A, f/fo = 1... | [
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PMID:25283 | Energy transduction in the photosynthetic membranes of the cyanobacterium (blue-green alga) P-lectonema boryanum. | Membrane preparations isolated from the photosynthetic lamellae of the cyanobacterium Plectonema boryanum generate upon illumination a transmembrane pH gradient of approximately 2 to 3 pH units (acid inside), as determined from the distribution of either fluorescent or radioactive amines (9 aminoacridine and [14C]meth... | Energy transduction in the photosynthetic membranes of the cyanobacterium (blue-green alga) P-lectonema boryanum. Membrane preparations isolated from the photosynthetic lamellae of the cyanobacterium Plectonema boryanum generate upon illumination a transmembrane pH gradient of approximately 2 to 3 pH units (acid insid... | [
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PMID:25284 | The transport of L-alanine by the hamster kidney cell line BHK-21-C13. | The uptake of L-alanine into BHK21-C13 cells in culture has been studied. This amino acid appears to be transported essentially via a relatively low affinity, high capacity, sodium ion dependent transport system. Inhibition studies using other amino acids or their analogues provided information about the specificity of... | The transport of L-alanine by the hamster kidney cell line BHK-21-C13. The uptake of L-alanine into BHK21-C13 cells in culture has been studied. This amino acid appears to be transported essentially via a relatively low affinity, high capacity, sodium ion dependent transport system. Inhibition studies using other amino... | [
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PMID:25285 | Coordinacy of lysosomal enzyme excretion in human urine. | Assay conditions have been developed for the determination of urinary beta-glucuronidase, beta-galactosidase, alpha-galactosidase, and beta-hexosaminidase using fluorometric substrates. The assay conditions for beta-glucuronidase overcome interference by both low and high molecular weight inhibitors, a problem that has... | Coordinacy of lysosomal enzyme excretion in human urine. Assay conditions have been developed for the determination of urinary beta-glucuronidase, beta-galactosidase, alpha-galactosidase, and beta-hexosaminidase using fluorometric substrates. The assay conditions for beta-glucuronidase overcome interference by both low... | [
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PMID:25286 | Diminished spectrin extraction from ATP-depleted human erythrocytes. Evidence relating spectrin to changes in erythrocyte shape and deformability. | We measured spectrin "extractability" in erythrocytes which were metabolically depleted by incubation at 37 degrees C in plasma or glucose-free buffers. Membranes were extracted with 1 mM EDTA (pH 8, 40 h, 4 degrees C) and analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate. This procedure solubili... | Diminished spectrin extraction from ATP-depleted human erythrocytes. Evidence relating spectrin to changes in erythrocyte shape and deformability. We measured spectrin "extractability" in erythrocytes which were metabolically depleted by incubation at 37 degrees C in plasma or glucose-free buffers. Membranes were extra... | [
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PMID:25289 | Alpah-adrenergic receptor modulation of beta-adrenergic, adenosine and prostaglandin E1 increased adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate levels in primary cultures of glia. | Beta-adrenergic agonists, adenosine and prostaglandin E1 increased the level of adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate (cAMP) in glial cultures prepared from rat cerebral cortical tissue. In addition to these physiological effectors, cholera toxin also increased cAMP levels in these cultures. The accumulation of cAMP in respons... | Alpah-adrenergic receptor modulation of beta-adrenergic, adenosine and prostaglandin E1 increased adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate levels in primary cultures of glia. Beta-adrenergic agonists, adenosine and prostaglandin E1 increased the level of adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate (cAMP) in glial cultures prepared from ... | [
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PMID:25287 | Diazepam and lorazepam for intravenous surgical premedication. | Diazepam, 10 and 20 mg, and 2 and 4 mg lorazepam were studied as intravenous surgical premedicants in 120 patients. Relief of anxiety, sedation, patient acceptance, lack of recall, and side effects were the variables evaluated. Both diazepam and lorazepam proved to be excellent surgical premedicants. The basic differen... | Diazepam and lorazepam for intravenous surgical premedication. Diazepam, 10 and 20 mg, and 2 and 4 mg lorazepam were studied as intravenous surgical premedicants in 120 patients. Relief of anxiety, sedation, patient acceptance, lack of recall, and side effects were the variables evaluated. Both diazepam and lorazepam p... | [
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PMID:25291 | Loss of carbofuran from rice paddy water: chemical and physical factors. | The loss of carbofuran was studied from rice paddy water treated with a granular formulation of the insecticide, and from ponds filled with drainage from the paddy. The average half-life (t 1/2) for carbofuran loss was 57 hr. Controlled experiments indicated that pH was the predominating factor governing carbofuran los... | Loss of carbofuran from rice paddy water: chemical and physical factors. The loss of carbofuran was studied from rice paddy water treated with a granular formulation of the insecticide, and from ponds filled with drainage from the paddy. The average half-life (t 1/2) for carbofuran loss was 57 hr. Controlled experiment... | [
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PMID:25292 | Preservation of organophosphorous pesticides in water samples. | Four techniques were studied for capacity to preserve sixteen organophosphorous pesticides in distilled water and in creek water. A technique using chloroform effectively preserved all sixteen pesticides for the three weeks of the study and refrigeration was effective for fourteen of the pesticides, but buffers of pH 4... | Preservation of organophosphorous pesticides in water samples. Four techniques were studied for capacity to preserve sixteen organophosphorous pesticides in distilled water and in creek water. A technique using chloroform effectively preserved all sixteen pesticides for the three weeks of the study and refrigeration wa... | [
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PMID:25288 | Long-term hypnotic efficacy and safety of triazolam and flurazepam. | Both triazolam and flurazepam are effective hypnotics when administered nightly for 12 consecutive weeks. However, at the dosages tested, 0.6 mg triazolam had a significantly faster onset of activity than 30 mg flurazepam. Long-term administration of either treatment did not influence the patient's capability to recogn... | Long-term hypnotic efficacy and safety of triazolam and flurazepam. Both triazolam and flurazepam are effective hypnotics when administered nightly for 12 consecutive weeks. However, at the dosages tested, 0.6 mg triazolam had a significantly faster onset of activity than 30 mg flurazepam. Long-term administration of e... | [
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PMID:25304 | Biological characteristics of peptidoglycans of group A streptococcus and some other bacterial species. I. Tolerance and effect of antibody in fever response, and heart damaging effect in rabbits. | Induced tolerance to the pyrogenic action of group A streptococcus peptidoglycan decreased after one week and was no longer detectable after the second week. However, one or two further doses of peptidoglycan rapidly restored the tolerance. The passive transfer of plasma from rabbits tolerant to streptococcus peptidogl... | Biological characteristics of peptidoglycans of group A streptococcus and some other bacterial species. I. Tolerance and effect of antibody in fever response, and heart damaging effect in rabbits. Induced tolerance to the pyrogenic action of group A streptococcus peptidoglycan decreased after one week and was no longer... | [
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-... |
PMID:25305 | Studies on the mitogen responses of germfree allogeneic chimeras. II. Maturation of two cell types and partial restoration of responsiveness of the short-term chimeras. | Germfree allogeneic bone marrow chimeras (ABMC) were produced by the i.v. injection of approximately 10(7) bone marrow cells from germfree DBA/2 mice into lethally irradiated germfree C3H mice. In the germfree state, the short-term ABMC showed no histologic signs of graft-vs-host reactions (GVHR), yet splenic lymphocyt... | Studies on the mitogen responses of germfree allogeneic chimeras. II. Maturation of two cell types and partial restoration of responsiveness of the short-term chimeras. Germfree allogeneic bone marrow chimeras (ABMC) were produced by the i.v. injection of approximately 10(7) bone marrow cells from germfree DBA/2 mice i... | [
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PMID:25309 | Tyrosine aminotransferase in AKR/J albino and C57BL/6J black mouse skin. | L-Tyrosine aminotransferase is present in a high speed supernatant fraction of skin homogenate of AKR/J albino and C57BL/6J black mice. The conversion of tyrosine to p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate was shown to be catalyzed by an aminotransferase by the following observations: the reaction was partially dependent on the presen... | Tyrosine aminotransferase in AKR/J albino and C57BL/6J black mouse skin. L-Tyrosine aminotransferase is present in a high speed supernatant fraction of skin homogenate of AKR/J albino and C57BL/6J black mice. The conversion of tyrosine to p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate was shown to be catalyzed by an aminotransferase by the f... | [
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PMID:25310 | The relationships among arterial oxygen flow rate, oxygen binding by hemoglobin, and oxygen utilization in chronic cardiac decompensation. | We have examined the interrelationships among CaO2, blood flow, oxygen binding by hemoglobin, and VO2 in cardiac patients with and without chronic cardiac decompensation. We have quantified the role that decreased oxygen-binding to hemoglobin may play in maintaining VO2 in the presence of low systemic blood flow rates.... | The relationships among arterial oxygen flow rate, oxygen binding by hemoglobin, and oxygen utilization in chronic cardiac decompensation. We have examined the interrelationships among CaO2, blood flow, oxygen binding by hemoglobin, and VO2 in cardiac patients with and without chronic cardiac decompensation. We have qu... | [
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PMID:25311 | Allosteric modifiers of fish hemoglobins: in vitro and in vivo studies of the effect of ambient oxygen and pH on erythrocyte ATP concentrations. | Fundulus heteroclitus decreases erythrocyte adenosine triphosphate and increases blood hematocrit when acclimated to hypoxic conditions. A defined medium has been developed which allows isolated F. heteroclitus erythrocytes to be maintained for several hours without an appreciable loss of cellular ATP. The effect of ox... | Allosteric modifiers of fish hemoglobins: in vitro and in vivo studies of the effect of ambient oxygen and pH on erythrocyte ATP concentrations. Fundulus heteroclitus decreases erythrocyte adenosine triphosphate and increases blood hematocrit when acclimated to hypoxic conditions. A defined medium has been developed wh... | [
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PMID:25317 | Stronglyoides ransomi: factors influencing the in vitro development of the free-living generation. | Among the progeny of parasitic females of Strongyloides ransomi, ransomi, males did not appear in significant numbers until the 7th week of infection in cases of simple infection, and until the 3rd week of infection in cases of multiple infection. The appearance of males was attributed to the effect of host immunity, t... | Stronglyoides ransomi: factors influencing the in vitro development of the free-living generation. Among the progeny of parasitic females of Strongyloides ransomi, ransomi, males did not appear in significant numbers until the 7th week of infection in cases of simple infection, and until the 3rd week of infection in ca... | [
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PMID:25318 | A simple quantitative technique for testing behavioral responses of Schistosoma mansoni miracidia to chemicals. | We describe a new technique for testing responses of Schistosoma mansoni miracidia to chemicals. Miracidia in spring water were placed in a chamber shaped like the Greek letter phi. Small volumes of test chemicals were inoculated into one side of the chamber. After 30 sec a dam was inserted to bisect the chamber and th... | A simple quantitative technique for testing behavioral responses of Schistosoma mansoni miracidia to chemicals. We describe a new technique for testing responses of Schistosoma mansoni miracidia to chemicals. Miracidia in spring water were placed in a chamber shaped like the Greek letter phi. Small volumes of test chem... | [
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PMID:25319 | Effect of diamfenetide on experimental infections of Fasciola hepatica in lambs: anthelmintic and clinical investigations. | The activity of diamfenetide (N,N'-[oxybis(2,1-ethan diyloxy-4,1-phenylene)] bis acetamide) was studied in lambs experimentally inoculated with Fasciola hepatica. The drug was given orally at a dose level of 100 mg/kg either 1,3,5,7, or 9 weeks postinoculation. It was 100% effective 1, 3, and 5 weeks postinoculation, 7... | Effect of diamfenetide on experimental infections of Fasciola hepatica in lambs: anthelmintic and clinical investigations. The activity of diamfenetide (N,N'-[oxybis(2,1-ethan diyloxy-4,1-phenylene)] bis acetamide) was studied in lambs experimentally inoculated with Fasciola hepatica. The drug was given orally at a dos... | [
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PMID:25321 | Effect of vehicles and other active ingredients on stability of hydrocortisone. | The stability of hydrocortisone in various types of vehicles, aqueous, water-washable (polyethylene glycol ointment base), and oil in water or water in oil-type emulsified vehicles, and in the presence of other ingredients, iodochlorhydroxyquin, menthol, and phenol, was studied under normal conditions (room temperature... | Effect of vehicles and other active ingredients on stability of hydrocortisone. The stability of hydrocortisone in various types of vehicles, aqueous, water-washable (polyethylene glycol ointment base), and oil in water or water in oil-type emulsified vehicles, and in the presence of other ingredients, iodochlorhydroxy... | [
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PMID:25322 | Demonstration of penicillamine as a product in benzylpenicillenic acid degradation in neutral media using differential pulse polarography. | During the study of the temporal changes of benzylpenicillenic acid in aqueous buffers using differential pulse polarography, penicillamine was found to be a degradation product at neutral pH. Since this result was not previously reported, the effects of pH and buffer concentration on penicillamine formation were inves... | Demonstration of penicillamine as a product in benzylpenicillenic acid degradation in neutral media using differential pulse polarography. During the study of the temporal changes of benzylpenicillenic acid in aqueous buffers using differential pulse polarography, penicillamine was found to be a degradation product at ... | [
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PMID:25323 | Effect of ionization on absorption of cephalosporins. | To explore the relative absorbabilities of different ionic forms of cephalosporins, the absorption rates of four compounds were measured in the pH 5-9 region using an in situ rat gut technique. Cephalexin, cephradine, and cephaloglycin have some oral activity, while 3-[(acetyloxy)methyl]-8-oxo-7-[[(4-oxo-1(4H-pyridinyl... | Effect of ionization on absorption of cephalosporins. To explore the relative absorbabilities of different ionic forms of cephalosporins, the absorption rates of four compounds were measured in the pH 5-9 region using an in situ rat gut technique. Cephalexin, cephradine, and cephaloglycin have some oral activity, while... | [
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PMID:25324 | Kinetics of digoxin stability in aqueous solution. | Digoxin hydrolysis was studied as a function of pH. Conversion of digoxin to digoxigenin was followed by high-pressure liquid chromatography and shown to proceed by the initial loss of one, two, or three sugars. The hydrolysis rate was directly proportional to parent drug concentration and hydrogen-ion activity. The in... | Kinetics of digoxin stability in aqueous solution. Digoxin hydrolysis was studied as a function of pH. Conversion of digoxin to digoxigenin was followed by high-pressure liquid chromatography and shown to proceed by the initial loss of one, two, or three sugars. The hydrolysis rate was directly proportional to parent d... | [
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PMID:25325 | Spectroscopic approach to estimation of microequilibrium constants of prototropic reactions of aminobenzoic acids. | The microequilibrium constants of protolytic dissociation of diprotic acids, dihydric bases, or ampholytes such as the aminobenzoic acids, with dissimilar ionizing groups, can be estimated by spectrophotometric titration and measurement of the molar absorptivity at the long wavelength absorption maximum of simple alkyl... | Spectroscopic approach to estimation of microequilibrium constants of prototropic reactions of aminobenzoic acids. The microequilibrium constants of protolytic dissociation of diprotic acids, dihydric bases, or ampholytes such as the aminobenzoic acids, with dissimilar ionizing groups, can be estimated by spectrophotom... | [
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PMID:25326 | Characterization of impurities in sulfasalazine. | The chemical structures of four impurities isolated from sulfasalazine were determined. Three impurities are the by-products of the reaction process in drug synthesis, i.e., during diazotization of sulfapyridine and during coupling with salicylic acid. Only one contaminant was identified as a starting material, sulfapy... | Characterization of impurities in sulfasalazine. The chemical structures of four impurities isolated from sulfasalazine were determined. Three impurities are the by-products of the reaction process in drug synthesis, i.e., during diazotization of sulfapyridine and during coupling with salicylic acid. Only one contamina... | [
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PMID:25327 | In vitro evidence for ipecac inactivation by activated charcoal. | The in vitro adsorption of the alkaloid emetine, a primary constituent of ipecac, on activated charcoal was studied. The results support the supposition that syrup of ipecac should not be given to counteract poisonings if activated charcoal is also to be administered. | In vitro evidence for ipecac inactivation by activated charcoal. The in vitro adsorption of the alkaloid emetine, a primary constituent of ipecac, on activated charcoal was studied. The results support the supposition that syrup of ipecac should not be given to counteract poisonings if activated charcoal is also to be ... | [
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PMID:25328 | Determination of desmethyldiazepam in plasma by electron-capture GLC: application to pharmacokinetic studies of clorazepate. | Plasma desmethyldiazepam concentrations were quantitated by a rapid and sensitive technique using electron-capture GLC. Following addition of diazepam as the internal standard, plasma is extracted at physiological pH into benzene-isoamyl alcohol. The extract is evaporated to dryness and reconstituted with toluene-isoam... | Determination of desmethyldiazepam in plasma by electron-capture GLC: application to pharmacokinetic studies of clorazepate. Plasma desmethyldiazepam concentrations were quantitated by a rapid and sensitive technique using electron-capture GLC. Following addition of diazepam as the internal standard, plasma is extracte... | [
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PMID:25329 | In vitro evaluation of three commercial sustained-release papaverine hydrochloride products. | Three commercial sustained-release papaverine hydrochloride products in the form of microencapsulated pellets were evaluated. Three different dissolution apparatuses were used: a continuous flow apparatus, the USP rotating basket apparatus, and a modified reciprocating basket apparatus. The frequency rate of the recipr... | In vitro evaluation of three commercial sustained-release papaverine hydrochloride products. Three commercial sustained-release papaverine hydrochloride products in the form of microencapsulated pellets were evaluated. Three different dissolution apparatuses were used: a continuous flow apparatus, the USP rotating bask... | [
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PMID:25330 | Prodrug approaches to enhancement of physicochemical properties of drugs IX: acetaminophen prodrug. | The synthesis, hydrolysis rate, and bioavailability of 1-(p-acetaminophenoxy)-1-ethoxyethane, an acetaminophen prodrug, are described. The prodrug is less soluble than acetaminophen and stable at neutral pH. However, in an acidic environment, the compound cleaves rapidly, generating acetaminophen. When both the prodrug... | Prodrug approaches to enhancement of physicochemical properties of drugs IX: acetaminophen prodrug. The synthesis, hydrolysis rate, and bioavailability of 1-(p-acetaminophenoxy)-1-ethoxyethane, an acetaminophen prodrug, are described. The prodrug is less soluble than acetaminophen and stable at neutral pH. However, in ... | [
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PMID:25331 | Hydrolysis kinetics of the monophosphate ester triclofos sodium. | The hydrolysis kinetics of the monophosphate ester triclofos sodium were studied in the pH 0.00--7.80 range, the 80.1--98.4 degrees range, and ionic strengths of 0.02--1.50. The pK1 and pK2 values for triclofos were 1.00 +/- 0.05 and 5.80 +/- 0.05, respectively. The pH dependency observed was consistent with a theory i... | Hydrolysis kinetics of the monophosphate ester triclofos sodium. The hydrolysis kinetics of the monophosphate ester triclofos sodium were studied in the pH 0.00--7.80 range, the 80.1--98.4 degrees range, and ionic strengths of 0.02--1.50. The pK1 and pK2 values for triclofos were 1.00 +/- 0.05 and 5.80 +/- 0.05, respec... | [
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PMID:25332 | Determination of serum nadolol levels by GLC--selected ion monitoring mass spectrometry: comparison with a spectrofluorometric method. | A method to determine the serum concentration of the beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agent, nadolol, by GLC--selected ion monitoring mass spectrometry of the tri(trimethysilyl) ether derivative is described. A basic solution of serum was extracted, known amounts of internal standard were added to the extract, and the... | Determination of serum nadolol levels by GLC--selected ion monitoring mass spectrometry: comparison with a spectrofluorometric method. A method to determine the serum concentration of the beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agent, nadolol, by GLC--selected ion monitoring mass spectrometry of the tri(trimethysilyl) ether ... | [
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PMID:25333 | Microionization constants of commercial cephalosporins. | The equilibrium constants of five commercial cephalosporins were determined. Two are monoacidic and possess one Ka while three are amphoteric and have four microconstants. Although several assumptions were made in the calculations, good agreement was found between the compounds and with previously reported macroionizat... | Microionization constants of commercial cephalosporins. The equilibrium constants of five commercial cephalosporins were determined. Two are monoacidic and possess one Ka while three are amphoteric and have four microconstants. Although several assumptions were made in the calculations, good agreement was found between... | [
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PMID:25334 | Pharmacokinetic studies on ditazole, a novel inhibitor of platelet aggregation. | The distribution of ditazole in blood and tissues of rats was determined by a simple GLC technique. Ditazole, after intravenous injection in rats (20 mg/kg), entered preferentially into the brain, the liver, and the heart in decreasing order. In the epididymal adipose tissue, the drug was present only in small amounts.... | Pharmacokinetic studies on ditazole, a novel inhibitor of platelet aggregation. The distribution of ditazole in blood and tissues of rats was determined by a simple GLC technique. Ditazole, after intravenous injection in rats (20 mg/kg), entered preferentially into the brain, the liver, and the heart in decreasing orde... | [
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PMID:25335 | Differential spectrophotometric determination of tyrosine and tryptophan in pharmaceutical amino acid solutions. | A method is proposed for the simultaneous determination of tyrosine and tryptophan in solutions by differential spectrophotometry. The concentrations are calculated from the measurement of the absorbance of the amino acid mixture in an alkaline medium and from the differential absorbance of the alkaline solution agains... | Differential spectrophotometric determination of tyrosine and tryptophan in pharmaceutical amino acid solutions. A method is proposed for the simultaneous determination of tyrosine and tryptophan in solutions by differential spectrophotometry. The concentrations are calculated from the measurement of the absorbance of ... | [
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PMID:25337 | Rat jugular vein relaxes to norepinephrine, phenylephrine and histamine. | Circular muscle of the rat external jugular vein contracted to serotonin, angiotensin and potassium chloride but not to norepinephrine, phenylephrine, histamine or carbamylcholine. In contrast, rabbit and guinea-pig jugular veins contracted to norepinephrine, phenylephrine and histamine, although contractions to norepi... | Rat jugular vein relaxes to norepinephrine, phenylephrine and histamine. Circular muscle of the rat external jugular vein contracted to serotonin, angiotensin and potassium chloride but not to norepinephrine, phenylephrine, histamine or carbamylcholine. In contrast, rabbit and guinea-pig jugular veins contracted to nor... | [
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PMID:25341 | Nucleoside transport in mammalian cell membranes. IV. Organomercurials and organomercurial-mercaptonucleoside complexes as probes for nucleoside transport systems in hamster cells. | Organomercurials form stable stoichiometric complexes with thiolated nucleosides. The complexes inhibited uptake of ribonucleosides and cytosine arabinoside (CAR) in various types of normal and transformed cells. The inhibition was competitive and reversible (Ki = 3--6 micrometer). The interaction between complexes and... | Nucleoside transport in mammalian cell membranes. IV. Organomercurials and organomercurial-mercaptonucleoside complexes as probes for nucleoside transport systems in hamster cells. Organomercurials form stable stoichiometric complexes with thiolated nucleosides. The complexes inhibited uptake of ribonucleosides and cyt... | [
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PMID:25342 | Hypertonic cryohemolysis: ionophore and pH effects. | Human erythrocytes suspended at 37 degrees C in hypertonic solution of either electrolytes or nonelectrolytes undergo hemolysis when the temperature is lowered toward 0 degrees C (Green, F.A., Jung, C.Y. 1977 J. Membrane Biol. 33:249). In the present studies this hypertonic cryohemolysis was profoundly affected by the ... | Hypertonic cryohemolysis: ionophore and pH effects. Human erythrocytes suspended at 37 degrees C in hypertonic solution of either electrolytes or nonelectrolytes undergo hemolysis when the temperature is lowered toward 0 degrees C (Green, F.A., Jung, C.Y. 1977 J. Membrane Biol. 33:249). In the present studies this hype... | [
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PMID:25343 | Current-voltage relationships for the plasma membrane and its principal electrogenic pump in Neurospora crassa: I. Steady-state conditions. | The nonlinear membrane current-voltage relationship (I-V curve) for intact hyphae of Neurospora crassa has been determined by means of a 3-electrode voltage-clamp technique, plus "quasi-linear" cable theory. Under normal conditions of growth and respiration, the membrane I-V curve is best described as a parabolic segme... | Current-voltage relationships for the plasma membrane and its principal electrogenic pump in Neurospora crassa: I. Steady-state conditions. The nonlinear membrane current-voltage relationship (I-V curve) for intact hyphae of Neurospora crassa has been determined by means of a 3-electrode voltage-clamp technique, plus "... | [
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PMID:25347 | Bloody pericardial fluid. The value of blood gas measurements. | Clinically notable pericardial effusions developed in three patients with renal failure. Pericardiocentesis showed hemorrhagic fluid, the source of which was not apparent. Simultaneous determinations of PCO2, PO2, and pH values showed a substantial increase in PCO2 levels and decrease in PO2, pH, and bicarbonate levels... | Bloody pericardial fluid. The value of blood gas measurements. Clinically notable pericardial effusions developed in three patients with renal failure. Pericardiocentesis showed hemorrhagic fluid, the source of which was not apparent. Simultaneous determinations of PCO2, PO2, and pH values showed a substantial increase... | [
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PMID:25348 | Some new or poorly recognized physical and graphic findings in various forms of pericardial disease. | The eight new items concerning pericarditis (acute pericarditis, acute or chronic pericardial effusion, and constrictive or sero-constrictive pericarditis) were demonstrated based on the clinical observation of 115 patients. Pericarditis, a disease of remote antiquity, still has many fascinating and unrecognized aspect... | Some new or poorly recognized physical and graphic findings in various forms of pericardial disease. The eight new items concerning pericarditis (acute pericarditis, acute or chronic pericardial effusion, and constrictive or sero-constrictive pericarditis) were demonstrated based on the clinical observation of 115 pati... | [
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PMID:25351 | [Use of beta-adrenergic blockaders in the treatment of arterial hypertension]. | The results of treatment of over 300 patients suffering from hypertensive disease with beta-blocking agents Obsidan and Visken are analysed and the place of these agents among other hypotensive drugs is discussed. The therapeutic effect was most evident in patients with the early stages of the disease and hyperkinetic ... | [Use of beta-adrenergic blockaders in the treatment of arterial hypertension]. The results of treatment of over 300 patients suffering from hypertensive disease with beta-blocking agents Obsidan and Visken are analysed and the place of these agents among other hypotensive drugs is discussed. The therapeutic effect was ... | [
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PMID:25352 | [Coronary circulation under alpha-adrenergic blockade]. | In canine experiments with coronary catheterization and perfusion, catheterization of the heart cavities and great vessles, and with thermodilution it was demonstrated that the alpha-adrenergic blocker Phentolamine causes a regular flow resistance in the coronary vessels. The maximal depressor effect was observed with ... | [Coronary circulation under alpha-adrenergic blockade]. In canine experiments with coronary catheterization and perfusion, catheterization of the heart cavities and great vessles, and with thermodilution it was demonstrated that the alpha-adrenergic blocker Phentolamine causes a regular flow resistance in the coronary ... | [
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PMID:25355 | [The different effects of fe(II)- and fe(III)-ions on the hyaluronic acid of the vitreous body (author's transl)]. | Fe(II)-ions reduce the viscosity of a hyaluronic acid solution but do not form a precipitate. Fe(III)-ions only slightly lower the viscosity of hyaluronic acid solutions but cause a brown, water-insoluble iron-hyaluronic acid precipitate. After adding ascorbic acid--concentrate the pH-value as in vitreous body--to the ... | [The different effects of fe(II)- and fe(III)-ions on the hyaluronic acid of the vitreous body (author's transl)]. Fe(II)-ions reduce the viscosity of a hyaluronic acid solution but do not form a precipitate. Fe(III)-ions only slightly lower the viscosity of hyaluronic acid solutions but cause a brown, water-insoluble ... | [
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PMID:25356 | [Possibility of conserving the heat balance of the human organism in an extremely rarefied atmosphere by vacuum evaporation of sweat from the surface of the body]. | As a result of 64 experiments carried out on 24 test subjects, it has been shown that extreme overwarming due to moderate and heavy thermal loads can be prevented with the aid of heat release through sweat evaporation from the surface of the body under the action of a rarefied atmosphere (termed vacuum sweat evaporatio... | [Possibility of conserving the heat balance of the human organism in an extremely rarefied atmosphere by vacuum evaporation of sweat from the surface of the body]. As a result of 64 experiments carried out on 24 test subjects, it has been shown that extreme overwarming due to moderate and heavy thermal loads can be pre... | [
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PMID:25357 | [Experimental substantiation of the maximum permissible concentrations of acetone and acetaldehyde in regenerated drinking water]. | The paper presents experimental data indicating maximum permissible concentrations of acetone and acetaldehyde in reclaimed potable water used for different periods of time--up to 1, 3 or 12 months. The recommended concentrations for reclaimed water used for a year are 14.0 mg/l and 0.2 mg/l for acetone and acetaldehyd... | [Experimental substantiation of the maximum permissible concentrations of acetone and acetaldehyde in regenerated drinking water]. The paper presents experimental data indicating maximum permissible concentrations of acetone and acetaldehyde in reclaimed potable water used for different periods of time--up to 1, 3 or 1... | [
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PMID:25361 | Submandibular salivary pH as a diagnostic aid for prognosis of facial palsy. | The present paper aims at introducing a new method of testing the function of the chorda tympani with the aid of submandibular salivary pH. This method has several advantages: (1.) it enables the measurement of the function of only the paralyzed side; (2.) it accurately predicts the outcome of facial palsy at an early ... | Submandibular salivary pH as a diagnostic aid for prognosis of facial palsy. The present paper aims at introducing a new method of testing the function of the chorda tympani with the aid of submandibular salivary pH. This method has several advantages: (1.) it enables the measurement of the function of only the paralyz... | [
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PMID:25368 | [Effect of soap and detergents on the restitution of acidity and lipids of the skin surface]. | A comparative evaluation of the effects of soaps and detergents on pH behaviour and lipids level on the skin surface and duration of their restitution was carried out. The studies were conducted in two groups. The first group of 32 persons used 1% solution of "BHP" soap, whereas the other one, composed of 31 persons, 0... | [Effect of soap and detergents on the restitution of acidity and lipids of the skin surface]. A comparative evaluation of the effects of soaps and detergents on pH behaviour and lipids level on the skin surface and duration of their restitution was carried out. The studies were conducted in two groups. The first group ... | [
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PMID:25369 | An affinity-column procedure for the purification of veratrate O-demethylase from fungi. | An affinity column procedure is reported for purifying veratrate O-demethylase from higher fungi. The procedure is based on the affinity of the fungal demethylases for veratrate, which was coupled to AH-Sepharose 4B. An over 300-fold purification of the enzyme from an Ascomycete (Chaetomium piluliferum), and a lower de... | An affinity-column procedure for the purification of veratrate O-demethylase from fungi. An affinity column procedure is reported for purifying veratrate O-demethylase from higher fungi. The procedure is based on the affinity of the fungal demethylases for veratrate, which was coupled to AH-Sepharose 4B. An over 300-fo... | [
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PMID:25370 | Specific agglutination of Escherichia coli O128B12 by the mannose-binding proteins of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. | The mannosephilic haemagglutinins of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were found to agglutinate cells of Escherichia coli O128B12, to be adsorbed onto them and to attach peroxidase to them. These reactions were specifically inhibited by D-mannose. No agglutination by this Pseudomonas haemagglutinin was obtained when several othe... | Specific agglutination of Escherichia coli O128B12 by the mannose-binding proteins of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The mannosephilic haemagglutinins of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were found to agglutinate cells of Escherichia coli O128B12, to be adsorbed onto them and to attach peroxidase to them. These reactions were specifica... | [
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PMID:25373 | [X-ray examination of the abdomen in hypnotic-sedative drug poisoning--casuistical contribution (author's transl)]. | By means of an impressive example the significance of abdominal X-ray examination in cases of intoxication with hypnotic-sedative drugs is pointed out. Apart from the qualitative diagnosis (drug containing bromide) the radiological proof of shadow-giving substances also permits a quantitative clinical assessment and ha... | [X-ray examination of the abdomen in hypnotic-sedative drug poisoning--casuistical contribution (author's transl)]. By means of an impressive example the significance of abdominal X-ray examination in cases of intoxication with hypnotic-sedative drugs is pointed out. Apart from the qualitative diagnosis (drug containin... | [
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PMID:25372 | A solution to the graft-versus-host problem in bone marrow transplantation to humans. | Many clinical situations arise where it would be desirable to transplant bone marrow to a marrow function deficient patient. However, bone marrow is immunologically competent by virtue of its content of lymphocyte precursors. Marrow transplantation in these patients is followed by the graft's immunological rejection of... | A solution to the graft-versus-host problem in bone marrow transplantation to humans. Many clinical situations arise where it would be desirable to transplant bone marrow to a marrow function deficient patient. However, bone marrow is immunologically competent by virtue of its content of lymphocyte precursors. Marrow t... | [
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PMID:25379 | Release of [14C]tyrosine from tubulinyl-[14C]tyrosine by brain extract. Separation of a carboxypeptidase from tubulin-tyrosine ligase. | The carboxypeptidase previously described that releases tyrosine from tubulinyl-tyrosine was obtained from rat brain preparation free of tubulin-tyrosine ligase. The enzyme was purified 24-fold. Its activity was increased by 2 mM MgCl2 or 30 mM KCl. Mercaptoethanol (50 mM), colchicine (0.2 mM) and tyrosine (0.2 mM) sho... | Release of [14C]tyrosine from tubulinyl-[14C]tyrosine by brain extract. Separation of a carboxypeptidase from tubulin-tyrosine ligase. The carboxypeptidase previously described that releases tyrosine from tubulinyl-tyrosine was obtained from rat brain preparation free of tubulin-tyrosine ligase. The enzyme was purified... | [
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PMID:25380 | Reversible inhibition of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase by insulin. | Extracts of fasted rat diaphragms, previously treated with or without insulin were assayed for glycogen synthase, protein kinase and cyclic [3H]-AMP binding. Treatment with insulin produced an elevation in the % of glycogen synthase I and a concurrent decrease in cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase activity and cyclic ... | Reversible inhibition of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase by insulin. Extracts of fasted rat diaphragms, previously treated with or without insulin were assayed for glycogen synthase, protein kinase and cyclic [3H]-AMP binding. Treatment with insulin produced an elevation in the % of glycogen synthase I and a concur... | [
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PMID:25384 | Antacid titration in the prevention of acute gastrointestinal bleeding: a controlled, randomized trial in 100 critically ill patients. | We randomized 100 critically ill patients at risk of developing acute gastrointestinal ulceration and bleeding into two groups. One (51 patients) received antacid prophylaxis, and the other (49 patients) received no specific form of prophylaxis. Hourly antacid titration kept the pH of the gastric contents above 3.5. Tw... | Antacid titration in the prevention of acute gastrointestinal bleeding: a controlled, randomized trial in 100 critically ill patients. We randomized 100 critically ill patients at risk of developing acute gastrointestinal ulceration and bleeding into two groups. One (51 patients) received antacid prophylaxis, and the o... | [
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PMID:25385 | A manpower policy for primary health care. | A National Academy of Sciences study of policy options for the supply of primary health-care manpower has produced a comprehensive set of recommendations. The study finds an adequate overall supply of physicians, but a shortage of primary health-care practitioners. It recommends maintaining current enrollment levels in... | A manpower policy for primary health care. A National Academy of Sciences study of policy options for the supply of primary health-care manpower has produced a comprehensive set of recommendations. The study finds an adequate overall supply of physicians, but a shortage of primary health-care practitioners. It recommen... | [
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PMID:25387 | The structure of the flavoenzyme glutathione reductase. | The three-dimensional structure of the dimeric flavoenzyme glutathione reductase from human erythrocytes has been elucidated by an X-ray diffraction analysis at 0.3 nm resolution. The polypeptide chain has been traced, and the binding positions of FAD, NADP and glutathione have been determined. A mechanism for the elec... | The structure of the flavoenzyme glutathione reductase. The three-dimensional structure of the dimeric flavoenzyme glutathione reductase from human erythrocytes has been elucidated by an X-ray diffraction analysis at 0.3 nm resolution. The polypeptide chain has been traced, and the binding positions of FAD, NADP and gl... | [
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PMID:25400 | [Effect of antimediator preparations on the intercellular relations in early embryos of the sea urchin]. | The dated treatment of the early embryos of an irregular (flat) sea urchin Scaphechinus mirabilis by neuropharmacological drugs (anti-neurotransmitters) during one of the first four cleavage divisions results in the impairment of intercellular connections and leads to the formation of twin embryos, dwarf embryos, embry... | [Effect of antimediator preparations on the intercellular relations in early embryos of the sea urchin]. The dated treatment of the early embryos of an irregular (flat) sea urchin Scaphechinus mirabilis by neuropharmacological drugs (anti-neurotransmitters) during one of the first four cleavage divisions results in the... | [
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PMID:25401 | [Effect of cortisol administration and stress actions in early ontogeny on hormonal induction in adult rats]. | The influence of cortisole injections and stress ("handling") in the early ontogenesis (during the first 9 or 16 days of life) on the process of thyrosine aminotransferase induction by cortisol in the adult rats has been studied. It was shown that both the injection of the hormone in the young rats and "handling" led t... | [Effect of cortisol administration and stress actions in early ontogeny on hormonal induction in adult rats]. The influence of cortisole injections and stress ("handling") in the early ontogenesis (during the first 9 or 16 days of life) on the process of thyrosine aminotransferase induction by cortisol in the adult rat... | [
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PMID:25407 | Cystic fibrosis: isolation and physical properties of a salivary cystic fibrosis factor. | A ciliostatic factor has been isolated from cystic fibrosis (CF) saliva by dialyzing it from purified alpha-amylase prepared by a glycogen-complex method. This method of isolating the CF factor is an improvement over the previously employed heparin procedure. The activity of the isolated factor is proportional with con... | Cystic fibrosis: isolation and physical properties of a salivary cystic fibrosis factor. A ciliostatic factor has been isolated from cystic fibrosis (CF) saliva by dialyzing it from purified alpha-amylase prepared by a glycogen-complex method. This method of isolating the CF factor is an improvement over the previously... | [
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PMID:25410 | Immunologic studies of arylsulfatase A in normal and metachromatic leukodystrophy liver. | Purified human liver arylsulfatase A on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at pH 4.0 is separated into two protein forms with enzymatic activity and two distinct inactive subunits. All of these components were immunologically distinguishable using different antisera preparations. In late infantile metachromatic leukody... | Immunologic studies of arylsulfatase A in normal and metachromatic leukodystrophy liver. Purified human liver arylsulfatase A on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at pH 4.0 is separated into two protein forms with enzymatic activity and two distinct inactive subunits. All of these components were immunologically disti... | [
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PMID:25411 | Hypophosphatemic vitamin D-resistant rickets: metabolic balance studies in a child receiving 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3, phosphate, and ascorbic acid. | A child with hypophosphatemic vitamin D-resistant rickets was treated for three years with the conventional vitamin D-inorganic phosphate supplementation followed by a new therapeutic regimen consisting of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25 (OH)2D3) and half of the previous phosphate supplementation. The effectiveness of t... | Hypophosphatemic vitamin D-resistant rickets: metabolic balance studies in a child receiving 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3, phosphate, and ascorbic acid. A child with hypophosphatemic vitamin D-resistant rickets was treated for three years with the conventional vitamin D-inorganic phosphate supplementation followed by a new... | [
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PMID:25412 | Arterial blood gases in Pranayama practice. | Pranayama is a Yogic breathing practice which is known experientially to produce a profound calming effect on the mind. In an experiment designed to determine whether the mental effects of this practice were accompanied by changes in the arterial blood gases, arterial blood was drawn from 10 trained individuals prior t... | Arterial blood gases in Pranayama practice. Pranayama is a Yogic breathing practice which is known experientially to produce a profound calming effect on the mind. In an experiment designed to determine whether the mental effects of this practice were accompanied by changes in the arterial blood gases, arterial blood w... | [
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PMID:25413 | [Giant cell arteritis and takayasu's disease: histopathological criteria (author's transl)]. | Both of these arterial diseases may involve the aorta and the major arterial trunks. Two cases of subclavian involvement are used to contrast them from a histopathological standpoint. In giant cell arteritis, the lesions affect above all the internal elastic layer and the inner part of the media, destroyed by an inflam... | [Giant cell arteritis and takayasu's disease: histopathological criteria (author's transl)]. Both of these arterial diseases may involve the aorta and the major arterial trunks. Two cases of subclavian involvement are used to contrast them from a histopathological standpoint. In giant cell arteritis, the lesions affect... | [
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PMID:25414 | Preparative separation of the complementary strands of DNA restriction fragments by alkaline RPC-5 chromatography. | High pressure reversed phase chromatography (RPC-5) at pH 12 was used for preparative separation of the complementary strands of the smaller DNA fragments which are generated by the Hae III restriction endonuclease digestion of Col El DNA. A single high pressure RPC-5 chromatographic step at neutral pH served to purify... | Preparative separation of the complementary strands of DNA restriction fragments by alkaline RPC-5 chromatography. High pressure reversed phase chromatography (RPC-5) at pH 12 was used for preparative separation of the complementary strands of the smaller DNA fragments which are generated by the Hae III restriction end... | [
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PMID:25415 | Turbidimetric and potentiometric studies of ribosomal subunits from an erythromycin resistant mutant of Escherichia coli. | Turbidimetric and potentiometric techniques were applied to the analysis of an EryR mutant. Results show that in the mutant, the 30S subunits are drastically altered, as indicated by a higher Mg2+ requirement for subunit association and by an important difference in the titratable groups. Replacement of parental 50S by... | Turbidimetric and potentiometric studies of ribosomal subunits from an erythromycin resistant mutant of Escherichia coli. Turbidimetric and potentiometric techniques were applied to the analysis of an EryR mutant. Results show that in the mutant, the 30S subunits are drastically altered, as indicated by a higher Mg2+ r... | [
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PMID:25416 | Affinity adsorbents consisting of nucleic acids immobilized via bisoxirane activated polysaccharides. | An easy and efficient procedure for the immobilization of polynucleotide ligands to bisoxirane activated insoluble polysaccharides has been elaborated and is described in this paper. The resulting materials have been applied to the chromatography of DNA polymerase I, and RNA polymerase from E.coli. Because of their ext... | Affinity adsorbents consisting of nucleic acids immobilized via bisoxirane activated polysaccharides. An easy and efficient procedure for the immobilization of polynucleotide ligands to bisoxirane activated insoluble polysaccharides has been elaborated and is described in this paper. The resulting materials have been a... | [
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