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PMID:26265 | [Psychological determinants of motivation in adult education (author's transl)]. | The psychology of motivation in adult education has been mostly confined to the assessment of superficial causes for attending courses and seminars. The findings were not integrated in a ced in a conclusive theory of motivation elaborated for instance by American and German psychologists. Besides that the verbalized "m... | [Psychological determinants of motivation in adult education (author's transl)]. The psychology of motivation in adult education has been mostly confined to the assessment of superficial causes for attending courses and seminars. The findings were not integrated in a ced in a conclusive theory of motivation elaborated ... | [
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PMID:26266 | [Vocational training courses for personell in old age work--a problem- and participants-oriented education approach (author's transl)]. | Working definitions of problem-oriented and participants-oriented approach in adult education. Planning problems in terms of needs and expectations of participants as central foci of approach; in terms of new role requirements requirements of learners and teachers; in terms of new objectives of learning such as behavio... | [Vocational training courses for personell in old age work--a problem- and participants-oriented education approach (author's transl)]. Working definitions of problem-oriented and participants-oriented approach in adult education. Planning problems in terms of needs and expectations of participants as central foci of a... | [
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PMID:26267 | [Continuous education for people who work with the aged, especially for people who run homes for the aged (author's transl)]. | In accordance with Paolo Freire learning is not only an intake of knowledge, but it is reflection of one's own life situation and finding of new solutions. The consequence for continuous education of people who run homes for the aged is that the process of learning has to be connected with the practical experience of t... | [Continuous education for people who work with the aged, especially for people who run homes for the aged (author's transl)]. In accordance with Paolo Freire learning is not only an intake of knowledge, but it is reflection of one's own life situation and finding of new solutions. The consequence for continuous educati... | [
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PMID:26268 | [Continuing education for social workers in the field of gerontology (author's transl)]. | This article reports on a first attempt to integrate advanced training programs for social workers in the field of psycho-social gerontology into university curricula. The report concentrates on experience and problems to transmit and translate gerontological research results for the use of practitioners. Especially ef... | [Continuing education for social workers in the field of gerontology (author's transl)]. This article reports on a first attempt to integrate advanced training programs for social workers in the field of psycho-social gerontology into university curricula. The report concentrates on experience and problems to transmit ... | [
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PMID:26269 | [Activating help--aims and limits (author's transl)]. | The publication attempts to analyze current work directed at aiding and encouraging aged people in the Federal Republic of Germany, seen from the viewpoint of the various welfare associations, and hense from a practical angle. The considerable contrast between aims, available knowledge, and realization, is made clear b... | [Activating help--aims and limits (author's transl)]. The publication attempts to analyze current work directed at aiding and encouraging aged people in the Federal Republic of Germany, seen from the viewpoint of the various welfare associations, and hense from a practical angle. The considerable contrast between aims,... | [
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PMID:26271 | [Ageing and geriatric agents in the view of experimental gerontology (authors transl)]. | Applying the research methods used in natural sciences and medicine and the concept of bionomy, it has been attempted to make basic statements about the process of aging. 140 geriatric agents have been examined with reference to the medications for their use, their connection with the aging process and particularly the... | [Ageing and geriatric agents in the view of experimental gerontology (authors transl)]. Applying the research methods used in natural sciences and medicine and the concept of bionomy, it has been attempted to make basic statements about the process of aging. 140 geriatric agents have been examined with reference to the... | [
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PMID:26272 | [Gerontological investigations of the nucleic acid metabolism in the rat. II. DNA repair capacity in different ages (authors transl)]. | We tried to develop a model of in-vivo investigations into the DNA repair capacity of rats and, by means of this model, to determine the effect of age. To this end the DNA repair capacity was determined after gamma-irradiation with 3 groups of male white Sprague-Dawley rats aged 6, 18-20 and 32-34 months. The organs li... | [Gerontological investigations of the nucleic acid metabolism in the rat. II. DNA repair capacity in different ages (authors transl)]. We tried to develop a model of in-vivo investigations into the DNA repair capacity of rats and, by means of this model, to determine the effect of age. To this end the DNA repair capaci... | [
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PMID:26273 | [Tensibility measurements on the rat's aorta III. Analysis of longitudinal and transversal extension as related to age (authors transl)]. | Stress-strain diagrams of standardizised longitudinal and transversal stripes of the thoracic aorta of 125 male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 9, 15, 24 and 30 months were recorded by an electromechanical instrument. The stripes were subjected to three successive extension-relaxation cycles. The relaxation curves of the thir... | [Tensibility measurements on the rat's aorta III. Analysis of longitudinal and transversal extension as related to age (authors transl)]. Stress-strain diagrams of standardizised longitudinal and transversal stripes of the thoracic aorta of 125 male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 9, 15, 24 and 30 months were recorded by an e... | [
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PMID:26274 | [The motor activity as an age parameter of the rat (authors transl)]. | The motor activity as an behavioural parameter provides information about the functional state of the organism as a whole. Therefore it is an important age parameter. The results of activity measurements, however, depend strongly on the method of registration. Using 3 groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 9, 15 and 2... | [The motor activity as an age parameter of the rat (authors transl)]. The motor activity as an behavioural parameter provides information about the functional state of the organism as a whole. Therefore it is an important age parameter. The results of activity measurements, however, depend strongly on the method of reg... | [
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PMID:26275 | [Time-dependent functions of the age course of age parameters of the rat (authors transl)]. | Using 136 male Sprague-Dawley rats of various ages, the ageing functions of parameters originating from different organisation levels of the organism were determined. The parameters which were investigated on different levels show a non linear time dependence which can be approximated by simple or composed exponential ... | [Time-dependent functions of the age course of age parameters of the rat (authors transl)]. Using 136 male Sprague-Dawley rats of various ages, the ageing functions of parameters originating from different organisation levels of the organism were determined. The parameters which were investigated on different levels sh... | [
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PMID:26276 | The age-dependent effect of caffeine on the plasma noradrenaline content in white mice. | The level of noradrenaline (NA) in the plasma of white mice, determined radioenzymatically as described by Henry et al. changes with age. In 45 days old animals NA in plasma is 10.3 +/- 4.4 ng/ml, whereas in 220 days old animals it was found to be 22.7 +/- 8.8 ng/ml. In 45 days old animals NA in plasma is increased 30 ... | The age-dependent effect of caffeine on the plasma noradrenaline content in white mice. The level of noradrenaline (NA) in the plasma of white mice, determined radioenzymatically as described by Henry et al. changes with age. In 45 days old animals NA in plasma is 10.3 +/- 4.4 ng/ml, whereas in 220 days old animals it ... | [
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PMID:26299 | Advantages and disadvantages of beta-adrenergic blocking drugs in hypertension. | This paper reviews the role of beta-adrenergic blocking drugs in the treatment of hypertension. A significant proportion of patients presenting with mild or moderate hypertension will respond to general measures and do not require specific drug therapy. Of the remaining patients, some will respond to treatment with a t... | Advantages and disadvantages of beta-adrenergic blocking drugs in hypertension. This paper reviews the role of beta-adrenergic blocking drugs in the treatment of hypertension. A significant proportion of patients presenting with mild or moderate hypertension will respond to general measures and do not require specific ... | [
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PMID:26300 | [Fluorometric determination of free and total tryptophan in blood plasma]. | Free and total tryptophan is estimated in the plasma by a spectrofluorimetric method using an amplification reaction and fluorescence by transformation of tryptophan into norharman using formalin and perhydrol (fluorescence is amplified about 15 times). Free tryptophan in the plasma is separated by ultrafiltration unde... | [Fluorometric determination of free and total tryptophan in blood plasma]. Free and total tryptophan is estimated in the plasma by a spectrofluorimetric method using an amplification reaction and fluorescence by transformation of tryptophan into norharman using formalin and perhydrol (fluorescence is amplified about 15... | [
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PMID:26302 | Control of lung surfactant by ventilation, adrenergic mediators, and prostaglandins in the rabbit. | In a previous study, we showed that increasing minute ventilation (VE) in rabbit lung by adding a dead space augmented pulmonary surfactant in the airspaces by a cholinergically mediated mechanism. Using the same model in the present study of 148 rabbits, we found that increasing VE augmented airspace phospholipid, the... | Control of lung surfactant by ventilation, adrenergic mediators, and prostaglandins in the rabbit. In a previous study, we showed that increasing minute ventilation (VE) in rabbit lung by adding a dead space augmented pulmonary surfactant in the airspaces by a cholinergically mediated mechanism. Using the same model in... | [
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PMID:26303 | [A short loading acidificacion test with calcium chloride in infants (author's transl)]. | The response of blood and kidney to orally administered CaCl2 (4.1 mEq. X Kg.) in a short acid loading was compared to that attained with standard agent NH4Cl (3.9 mEq. X Kg) in two groups of normal infants through a 6 hrs. period. Plasma pH and bicarbonate decreased significantly. Minimum urine pH was 5.0 o lesser in ... | [A short loading acidificacion test with calcium chloride in infants (author's transl)]. The response of blood and kidney to orally administered CaCl2 (4.1 mEq. X Kg.) in a short acid loading was compared to that attained with standard agent NH4Cl (3.9 mEq. X Kg) in two groups of normal infants through a 6 hrs. period.... | [
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PMID:26307 | [Extraction and polarimetric method of determining phenacetyl-D(-)-alpha-aminophenylacetic acid]. | Equilibrium distribution of phenacetyl-D-(--)-alpha-aminophenylacetic acid obtained on fermentative hydrolysis of D,L-aminophenylacetic acid in a two-phase system (chloroform-water) was studied within a wide range of the substance concentration in the organic phase. It was shown than in the organic phase the distributi... | [Extraction and polarimetric method of determining phenacetyl-D(-)-alpha-aminophenylacetic acid]. Equilibrium distribution of phenacetyl-D-(--)-alpha-aminophenylacetic acid obtained on fermentative hydrolysis of D,L-aminophenylacetic acid in a two-phase system (chloroform-water) was studied within a wide range of the s... | [
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PMID:26308 | Reisolation and growth conditions of bacillus agar-exedens. | Several agarolytic Bacillus strains have been isolated. The properties agree with those described by Wieringa (1941) for Bacillus agar-exedens. These strains are the first reisolates since the original cultures were lost. A second group of isolates is related to the agarolytic B. palustris var. gelaticus of Sickles and... | Reisolation and growth conditions of bacillus agar-exedens. Several agarolytic Bacillus strains have been isolated. The properties agree with those described by Wieringa (1941) for Bacillus agar-exedens. These strains are the first reisolates since the original cultures were lost. A second group of isolates is related ... | [
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PMID:26309 | Inhibition of light-induced pH increase and O2 evolution of marine microalgae by water-soluble components of crude and refined oils. | Light-induced alkalinization of the extracellular medium was found to be a common feature of the primary photosynthetic process of several marine microalgae. The light-induce PH increase of suspensions of whole cells was immediately and severely inhibited by a single dose of water-soluble components from crude and fuel... | Inhibition of light-induced pH increase and O2 evolution of marine microalgae by water-soluble components of crude and refined oils. Light-induced alkalinization of the extracellular medium was found to be a common feature of the primary photosynthetic process of several marine microalgae. The light-induce PH increase ... | [
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PMID:26310 | Anaerobic utilization of phosphite and hypophosphite by Bacillus sp. | A Bacillus sp. capable of utilizing phosphite and hypophosphite under anaerobic conditions was isolated from Cape Canerval soil samples. The organism was isolated on a glucose-mineral salts medium with phosphate deleted. Anaerobic cultivation of this isolate resulted in decreases in the hypophosphite or phosphite conce... | Anaerobic utilization of phosphite and hypophosphite by Bacillus sp. A Bacillus sp. capable of utilizing phosphite and hypophosphite under anaerobic conditions was isolated from Cape Canerval soil samples. The organism was isolated on a glucose-mineral salts medium with phosphate deleted. Anaerobic cultivation of this ... | [
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PMID:26318 | Factors influencing intraoperative gastric regurgitation: a prospective random study of nasogastric tube drainage. | A prospective study was conducted to determine the incidence of "silent" gastric regurgitation and aspiration during general anesthesia in 146 patients randomized with respect to presence of a nasogastric tube. A bland dye was instilled in the stomach to serve as the determinant marker. The overall incidence of regugit... | Factors influencing intraoperative gastric regurgitation: a prospective random study of nasogastric tube drainage. A prospective study was conducted to determine the incidence of "silent" gastric regurgitation and aspiration during general anesthesia in 146 patients randomized with respect to presence of a nasogastric ... | [
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PMID:26319 | [2-Br-2-ethyl-4-hydroxybutyramide and 2-Br-2-ethyl-4-butyrolactam as carbromal metabolites (author's transl)]. | 2-Brom-2-ethyl-4-hydroxybutyramide and 2-Brom-2-ethyl-4-butyrolactam have been isolated from the urine of patients with carbromal intoxications as well as from the urine of rat, mouse and dog after the application of either carbromal or bromdiethylacetamide and identified by means of mass-, NMR- and IR spectroscopy. | [2-Br-2-ethyl-4-hydroxybutyramide and 2-Br-2-ethyl-4-butyrolactam as carbromal metabolites (author's transl)]. 2-Brom-2-ethyl-4-hydroxybutyramide and 2-Brom-2-ethyl-4-butyrolactam have been isolated from the urine of patients with carbromal intoxications as well as from the urine of rat, mouse and dog after the applica... | [
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PMID:26320 | [Cardiotoxicity of bromethylbutyramide (carbromide) (author's transl)]. | Bromethylbutyramide (Carbromide), a quantitatively important metabolite of carbromal, diminished the contractility of electrically driven and the frequency of spontaneously beating guinea-pig atria. The negative inotropic action of bromethylbutyramide occurred at concentrations which are reached in human carbromal pois... | [Cardiotoxicity of bromethylbutyramide (carbromide) (author's transl)]. Bromethylbutyramide (Carbromide), a quantitatively important metabolite of carbromal, diminished the contractility of electrically driven and the frequency of spontaneously beating guinea-pig atria. The negative inotropic action of bromethylbutyram... | [
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PMID:26322 | [Re-evaluation of barbexaclone in 20 epileptic patients]. | The clinically observed results in 20 patients treated with barbexaclone for a period of 2 1/2 years are reported. Therapeutic efficiency as well as side effects are discussed. The authors draw attention to the fact that there was a concomitant improvement in the behaviour of some patients and a diminution of maintaine... | [Re-evaluation of barbexaclone in 20 epileptic patients]. The clinically observed results in 20 patients treated with barbexaclone for a period of 2 1/2 years are reported. Therapeutic efficiency as well as side effects are discussed. The authors draw attention to the fact that there was a concomitant improvement in th... | [
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PMID:26326 | Effect of orthophosphate and oxalate on the cold-induced release of calcium from sarcoplasmic reticulum preparations from rabbit skeletal muscle. | The cold-induced release of calcium from sarcoplasmic reticulum preparations from both white and red muscles of the rabbit was studied. Part of the release was due to the increase in pH of the reaction mixture with cooling. Calcium release was greatly reduced or completely prevented by the inclusion of oxalate or inorg... | Effect of orthophosphate and oxalate on the cold-induced release of calcium from sarcoplasmic reticulum preparations from rabbit skeletal muscle. The cold-induced release of calcium from sarcoplasmic reticulum preparations from both white and red muscles of the rabbit was studied. Part of the release was due to the inc... | [
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PMID:26327 | Purification and properties of the pyrrolidonecarboxylate peptidase of Streptococcus faecium. | Pyrrolidonecarboxylate peptidase (EC 3.4.11.8) from Streptococcus faecium was purified by fractionation with streptomycin sulphate and ammonium sulphate, by chromatography on Sephadex G200 and DEAE-cellulose, and by preparative electrophoresis on Sephadex G25. The purified enzyme on acrylamide gel showed a strong prote... | Purification and properties of the pyrrolidonecarboxylate peptidase of Streptococcus faecium. Pyrrolidonecarboxylate peptidase (EC 3.4.11.8) from Streptococcus faecium was purified by fractionation with streptomycin sulphate and ammonium sulphate, by chromatography on Sephadex G200 and DEAE-cellulose, and by preparativ... | [
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PMID:26328 | Congenital and developmental anomalies of the genitalia of slaughtered bulls. | The genital tracts of 968 slaughtered bulls (46% of which were young post-puberal animals) were examined for defects of a congenital or developmental nature. The overall occurrence of such lesions was 7%. These comprised persistent penile frenulum (0.5%), hypospadias (0.3%), detached urethral process (0.4%), testicular... | Congenital and developmental anomalies of the genitalia of slaughtered bulls. The genital tracts of 968 slaughtered bulls (46% of which were young post-puberal animals) were examined for defects of a congenital or developmental nature. The overall occurrence of such lesions was 7%. These comprised persistent penile fre... | [
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PMID:26332 | Biochemical aspects of cardiac muscle differentiation. | Experiments were designed to determine whether DNA synthesis ceases in terminally differentiating cardiac muscle of the rat because the activity of the putative replicative DNA polymerase (DNA polymerase alpha) is lost or whether the activity of this enzyme is lost because DNA synthesis ceases. DNA-template availabilit... | Biochemical aspects of cardiac muscle differentiation. Experiments were designed to determine whether DNA synthesis ceases in terminally differentiating cardiac muscle of the rat because the activity of the putative replicative DNA polymerase (DNA polymerase alpha) is lost or whether the activity of this enzyme is lost... | [
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PMID:26329 | On the mode of action of antianginal drugs. | The antianginal action of coronary dilating drugs seems to be related at least partly to their effect of improving the blood supply of the ischemic myocardium. No correlation was found between coronary dilating action of these drugs in the normal myocardium and in the ischemic area, however. It has been shown that coro... | On the mode of action of antianginal drugs. The antianginal action of coronary dilating drugs seems to be related at least partly to their effect of improving the blood supply of the ischemic myocardium. No correlation was found between coronary dilating action of these drugs in the normal myocardium and in the ischemi... | [
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PMID:26333 | Deacylation of acetyl-coenzyme A and acetylcarnitine by liver preparations. | The breakdown of acetylcarnitine catalysed by extracts of rat and sheep liver was completely abolished by Sephadex G-25 gel filtration, whereas the hydrolysis of acetyl-CoA was unaffected. Acetyl-CoA and CoA acted catalytically in restoring the ability of Sephadex-treated extracts to break down acetylcarnitine, which w... | Deacylation of acetyl-coenzyme A and acetylcarnitine by liver preparations. The breakdown of acetylcarnitine catalysed by extracts of rat and sheep liver was completely abolished by Sephadex G-25 gel filtration, whereas the hydrolysis of acetyl-CoA was unaffected. Acetyl-CoA and CoA acted catalytically in restoring the... | [
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PMID:26334 | Ultraviolet difference-spectroscopic studies of substrate and inhibitor binding to Lactobacillus casei dihydrofolate reductase. | The u.v. difference spectra generated when methotrexate, trimethoprim or folate bind to Lactobacillus casei dihydrofolate reductase were analysed. The difference spectrum producted by methotrexate binding is shown to consist of three components: (a) one closely resembling that observed on protonation of methotrexate, r... | Ultraviolet difference-spectroscopic studies of substrate and inhibitor binding to Lactobacillus casei dihydrofolate reductase. The u.v. difference spectra generated when methotrexate, trimethoprim or folate bind to Lactobacillus casei dihydrofolate reductase were analysed. The difference spectrum producted by methotre... | [
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PMID:26335 | Characterization of the papain active centre by using two-protonic-state electrophiles as reactivity probes. Evidence for nucleophilic reactivity in the un-interrupted cysteine-25-histidine-159 interactive system. | 1.2,2'-Dipyridyl disulphide (2-Py-S-S-2-Py) and n-propyl 2-pyridyl disulphide (propyl-S-S-2-Py) were used as two-protonic-state reactivity probes to investigate the active centre of papain (EC 3.4.22.2).2. The existence of a striking rate optimum at pH approx. 4 in the reaction of papain not only with the symmetrical p... | Characterization of the papain active centre by using two-protonic-state electrophiles as reactivity probes. Evidence for nucleophilic reactivity in the un-interrupted cysteine-25-histidine-159 interactive system. 1.2,2'-Dipyridyl disulphide (2-Py-S-S-2-Py) and n-propyl 2-pyridyl disulphide (propyl-S-S-2-Py) were used ... | [
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PMID:26336 | Purification of plasminogen activators from human seminal plasma. | Two plasminogen activators (1 and 2) were isolated from human seminal plasma by hiigh-speed centrifugation, Sephadex-gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. The activators were shown to be homogeneous by polyacrylamide-disc -gel electrophoresis at pH 8.3 and 4.5, and by sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-ge... | Purification of plasminogen activators from human seminal plasma. Two plasminogen activators (1 and 2) were isolated from human seminal plasma by hiigh-speed centrifugation, Sephadex-gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. The activators were shown to be homogeneous by polyacrylamide-disc -gel electrophoresis a... | [
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PMID:26337 | Studies of an acid-induced species of purple membrane from Halobacterium halobium. | A new spectral species of the purple membrane of Halobacterium halobium has been observed below pH 3.2. The formation of this new species is temperature-dependent and is favoured by increasing temperature up to the physiological range of the organism. The rate of formation at pH 3.0 and 22 degrees C is 7.9 x 10-3s-1. T... | Studies of an acid-induced species of purple membrane from Halobacterium halobium. A new spectral species of the purple membrane of Halobacterium halobium has been observed below pH 3.2. The formation of this new species is temperature-dependent and is favoured by increasing temperature up to the physiological range of... | [
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PMID:26338 | Evidence for a proton/sugar symport in the yeast Rhodotorula gracilis (glutinis). | 1. The uptake of monosaccharides and polyols in the obligatory aerobic yeast Rhodotorula gracilis (glutinis) was accompanied by proton uptake. 2. The half-saturation constant of transport, KT, depended on pH, changing from about 2mM at pH 4.5 to 80mM at pH8.5 for D-xylose; this change of the effective carrier affinity ... | Evidence for a proton/sugar symport in the yeast Rhodotorula gracilis (glutinis). 1. The uptake of monosaccharides and polyols in the obligatory aerobic yeast Rhodotorula gracilis (glutinis) was accompanied by proton uptake. 2. The half-saturation constant of transport, KT, depended on pH, changing from about 2mM at pH... | [
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PMID:26339 | Purification and properties of a manganese-stimulated deoxyribonuclease produced during sporulation of Bacillus subtilis. | A DNAase (deoxyribonuclease) was isolated from culture supernatants of sporulating Bacillus subtilis 168. The purified enzyme migrated as a single band during polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. The enzyme differs from other DNAases of B. subtilis in molecular weight, metal-ion requirement and mode of action. The enzym... | Purification and properties of a manganese-stimulated deoxyribonuclease produced during sporulation of Bacillus subtilis. A DNAase (deoxyribonuclease) was isolated from culture supernatants of sporulating Bacillus subtilis 168. The purified enzyme migrated as a single band during polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. The... | [
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PMID:26340 | Collagenolytic cathepsin activity in rabbit peritoneal polymorphonuclear leucocyte granules. | Collagenolytic cathepsin activity was detected in lysed rabbit peritoneal polymorphonuclear leucocytes. The pH optimum was around 3, and activity was greatly enhanced by the presence of cysteine and EDTA. Digestion of polymeric collagen resulted in the release of alpha, beta, and gamma-chains. Collagenolytic cathepsin ... | Collagenolytic cathepsin activity in rabbit peritoneal polymorphonuclear leucocyte granules. Collagenolytic cathepsin activity was detected in lysed rabbit peritoneal polymorphonuclear leucocytes. The pH optimum was around 3, and activity was greatly enhanced by the presence of cysteine and EDTA. Digestion of polymeric... | [
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PMID:26358 | Inorganic pyrophosphatase activity of the synovial fluid. Kinetic and clinical study. | Inorganic pyrophosphatase activity has been partially characterized in joint fluid and determined in patients with sporadic and familial chondrocalcinosis and their controls. Optimal pH was established at 3.5 and Km values were estimated. Ca-2 and Mg-2 did not affect this activity whereas orthophosphate (Pi) strongly i... | Inorganic pyrophosphatase activity of the synovial fluid. Kinetic and clinical study. Inorganic pyrophosphatase activity has been partially characterized in joint fluid and determined in patients with sporadic and familial chondrocalcinosis and their controls. Optimal pH was established at 3.5 and Km values were estima... | [
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PMID:26359 | The psychopharmacological properties of pinazepam, a new benzodiazepine derivative. | The pharmacological differences between the behavioural effects of 7-chloro-1-propargyl-5-phenyl-3H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one (pinazepam) and diazepam were investigated in rats. Pinazepam was more than twice as active as diazepam at a dose range between 1.25--10 mg/kg in reducing the conditioned emotional response (CER).... | The psychopharmacological properties of pinazepam, a new benzodiazepine derivative. The pharmacological differences between the behavioural effects of 7-chloro-1-propargyl-5-phenyl-3H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one (pinazepam) and diazepam were investigated in rats. Pinazepam was more than twice as active as diazepam at a dos... | [
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PMID:26360 | [Comparative experimental studies in animals and humans on gastrointestinal blood loss following antirheumatic pharmacotherapy (author's transl)]. | The gastrointestinal blood loss caused by the two antirheumatic drugs acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) and 4-acetamidophenyl-2-acetoxybenzoate (benorilate, Benortan) was compared in experimental animals and humans by measuring the total body iron retention. In Wistar rats and humans the results indicate that the daily iron ... | [Comparative experimental studies in animals and humans on gastrointestinal blood loss following antirheumatic pharmacotherapy (author's transl)]. The gastrointestinal blood loss caused by the two antirheumatic drugs acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) and 4-acetamidophenyl-2-acetoxybenzoate (benorilate, Benortan) was compared... | [
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PMID:26361 | A repeated dose comparison of the side effects of five antihistamines on objective assessments of psychomotor performance, central nervous system arousal and subjective appraisals of sleep and early morning behaviour. | The side effects of five antihistamines (chlorpheniramine maleate, mebhydrolin, clemastine hydrogen fumarate, Tavegil; ketotifen, and promethazine hydrochloride) were measured on subjective assessments of sleep and the integrity of early morning behaviour and objective assessments of complex psychomotor behaviour and c... | A repeated dose comparison of the side effects of five antihistamines on objective assessments of psychomotor performance, central nervous system arousal and subjective appraisals of sleep and early morning behaviour. The side effects of five antihistamines (chlorpheniramine maleate, mebhydrolin, clemastine hydrogen fu... | [
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PMID:26362 | [Capacity of clones of vaccinia virus to multiply at different temperatures and pH values]. | The study of the biological characteristics of ten clones, isolated from plaque, of vaccinia virus has made evident that two of these characteristics--the capacity to multiply at 40 degrees C and the type of CPE in animal cell cultures--can be used as genetic markers of neuropathogenicity, valued in relationship to the... | [Capacity of clones of vaccinia virus to multiply at different temperatures and pH values]. The study of the biological characteristics of ten clones, isolated from plaque, of vaccinia virus has made evident that two of these characteristics--the capacity to multiply at 40 degrees C and the type of CPE in animal cell c... | [
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PMID:26369 | Comparison of speed of onset of fazadinium, pancuronium, tubocurarine and suxamethonium. | Under light general anaesthesia the speed of onset of action of fazadinium, pancuronium, tubocurarine and suxamethonium has been assessed by measuring the decrease in the twitch height of the adductor pollicis muscle following administration of the drugs. Suxamethonium produced 95% depression of the twitch height signi... | Comparison of speed of onset of fazadinium, pancuronium, tubocurarine and suxamethonium. Under light general anaesthesia the speed of onset of action of fazadinium, pancuronium, tubocurarine and suxamethonium has been assessed by measuring the decrease in the twitch height of the adductor pollicis muscle following admi... | [
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PMID:26371 | A comparison of four beta-adrenoceptor antagonists in patients with asthma. | 1 Cardiovascular and airways response to two non-cardioselective beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs, propranolol and pindolol (with partial agonist activity) and two cardioselective beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs, acebutolol (with partial agonist activity) and atenolol, were compared in twelve patients with asthma. 2 A... | A comparison of four beta-adrenoceptor antagonists in patients with asthma. 1 Cardiovascular and airways response to two non-cardioselective beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs, propranolol and pindolol (with partial agonist activity) and two cardioselective beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs, acebutolol (with partial agoni... | [
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PMID:26372 | Circulatory and alpha-adrenoceptor blocking effects of phentolamine. | 1 Intravenously administered phentolamine provoked immediate decreases in diastolic blood pressure but increases in heart rate and cardiac output. 2 These immediate circulatory effects had largely disappeared twenty minutes after administration and at this time phentolamine did not inhibit increases in blood pressure w... | Circulatory and alpha-adrenoceptor blocking effects of phentolamine. 1 Intravenously administered phentolamine provoked immediate decreases in diastolic blood pressure but increases in heart rate and cardiac output. 2 These immediate circulatory effects had largely disappeared twenty minutes after administration and at... | [
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PMID:26370 | The second Lilly Prize Lecture, University of Newcastle, July 1977. beta-Adrenergic receptor blockade in hypertension, past, present and future. | All beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs that have been described share the common property of being competitive inhibitors. They differ in their associated properties, the presence or absence of cardioselectivity, membrane stabilizing activity, and partial agonist activity. Recently some beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs h... | The second Lilly Prize Lecture, University of Newcastle, July 1977. beta-Adrenergic receptor blockade in hypertension, past, present and future. All beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs that have been described share the common property of being competitive inhibitors. They differ in their associated properties, the presen... | [
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PMID:26374 | Prevention and treatment of premature labour by drugs: review of controlled clinical trials. | This review sought evidence from 18 controlled clinical trials about the benefits of drugs (hormones, ethanol or beta-sympathomimetic agents) used to prevent premature birth. Of the 16 trials comparing drug with placebo, 13 were judged to be methodologically adequate. In eight trials, drugs were given prophylactically ... | Prevention and treatment of premature labour by drugs: review of controlled clinical trials. This review sought evidence from 18 controlled clinical trials about the benefits of drugs (hormones, ethanol or beta-sympathomimetic agents) used to prevent premature birth. Of the 16 trials comparing drug with placebo, 13 wer... | [
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PMID:26375 | Influence of pH on the efficacy of pilocarpine. | Pilocarpine 4% solutions at pH 4.1 and 5.8 were compared in a double-blind clinical trial on 24 eyes of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Each drug was used over a period of 1 week. No significant difference in the lowering of intraocular pressure was found, and the near-neutral solution of pilocarpine was fou... | Influence of pH on the efficacy of pilocarpine. Pilocarpine 4% solutions at pH 4.1 and 5.8 were compared in a double-blind clinical trial on 24 eyes of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Each drug was used over a period of 1 week. No significant difference in the lowering of intraocular pressure was found, and ... | [
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PMID:26378 | Properties of trout hemoglobins reconstituted with unnatural hemes. | Native globins isolated from trout hemoglobin compoents I and IV have been reconstituted with proto-, meso-, and deuteroheme, and the spectral and functional properties of the reconstituted hemoglobins have been investigated. Equilibrium and kinetic studies allow the following conclusions. (a) The properties of the pro... | Properties of trout hemoglobins reconstituted with unnatural hemes. Native globins isolated from trout hemoglobin compoents I and IV have been reconstituted with proto-, meso-, and deuteroheme, and the spectral and functional properties of the reconstituted hemoglobins have been investigated. Equilibrium and kinetic st... | [
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PMID:26379 | Effect of pH on the cross-bridge arrangement in synthetic myosin filaments. | Synthetic thick filaments were cross-linked with dimethyl suberimidate at various pH values over the range pH 6.8---8.3. The rate of cross-linking myosin heads to the thick filament surface decreases significantly over a narrow pH range (7.4--8.0) despite the fact that the rate of the chemical reaction (amidination of ... | Effect of pH on the cross-bridge arrangement in synthetic myosin filaments. Synthetic thick filaments were cross-linked with dimethyl suberimidate at various pH values over the range pH 6.8---8.3. The rate of cross-linking myosin heads to the thick filament surface decreases significantly over a narrow pH range (7.4--8... | [
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PMID:26381 | Modification of Rhodospirillum rubrum ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase with pyridoxal phosphate. 1. Identification of a lysyl residue at the active site. | Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase isolated from Rhodospirillum rubrum was strongly inhibited by low concentrations of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. Activity was protected by the substrate ribulose bisphosphate and to a lesser extent by other phosphorylated compounds. Pyridoxal phosphate inhibition was enhanced in the pre... | Modification of Rhodospirillum rubrum ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase with pyridoxal phosphate. 1. Identification of a lysyl residue at the active site. Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase isolated from Rhodospirillum rubrum was strongly inhibited by low concentrations of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. Activity was protec... | [
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PMID:26382 | Carbon-13 magnetic resonance of carboxymethylated human carbonic anhydrase B. Chemical shift and spin--lattice relaxation studies. | We have previously prepared Ntau-carbosymethylhistidine-200 human carbonic anhydrase B using 90% [1-13C]bromoacetate and have observed the 13C NMR resonance of the enriched carboxylate now covalently attached in the active site. We report here chemical shift studies of the zinc-free carboxymethylated enzyme and its Co2... | Carbon-13 magnetic resonance of carboxymethylated human carbonic anhydrase B. Chemical shift and spin--lattice relaxation studies. We have previously prepared Ntau-carbosymethylhistidine-200 human carbonic anhydrase B using 90% [1-13C]bromoacetate and have observed the 13C NMR resonance of the enriched carboxylate now ... | [
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PMID:26386 | Analogous effect of protons and inositol hexaphosphate on the alteration of structure of nitrosyl fetal human hemoglobin. | We have determined the low temperature EPR spectra and room temperature ligand dissociation rate constants of human NO-hemoglobins F and A as a function of pH and inositol hexaphosphate levels in order to assess the contribution of a quaternary structural equilibrium in the two proteins to their spectral and functional... | Analogous effect of protons and inositol hexaphosphate on the alteration of structure of nitrosyl fetal human hemoglobin. We have determined the low temperature EPR spectra and room temperature ligand dissociation rate constants of human NO-hemoglobins F and A as a function of pH and inositol hexaphosphate levels in or... | [
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PMID:26387 | Spin-label studies of the sulfhydryl environment in bovine plasma albumin. 1. The N--F transition and acid expansion. | The environment of the sulfhydryl group in plasma albumin was previously characterized by employing spin-labels of varying chain lengths (Hull, H. H., Chang, R., & Kaplan, L. J. (1975) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 400, 132). It was established that the sulfhydryl is in a crevice approximately 10 A deep but this crevice w... | Spin-label studies of the sulfhydryl environment in bovine plasma albumin. 1. The N--F transition and acid expansion. The environment of the sulfhydryl group in plasma albumin was previously characterized by employing spin-labels of varying chain lengths (Hull, H. H., Chang, R., & Kaplan, L. J. (1975) Biochim. Biop... | [
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PMID:26388 | Spin-label studies on the sulfhydryl environment in bovine plasma albumin. 2. The neutral transition and the A isomer. | Since we were able to demonstrate that the sulfhydryl group is located in the crevice which opens during the N--F transition (Cornell, C. N., & Kaplan, L. J. (1978) Biochemistry 17 (preceding paper in this issue), the investigation was extended by characterizing the environment during the N--B transition and in the... | Spin-label studies on the sulfhydryl environment in bovine plasma albumin. 2. The neutral transition and the A isomer. Since we were able to demonstrate that the sulfhydryl group is located in the crevice which opens during the N--F transition (Cornell, C. N., & Kaplan, L. J. (1978) Biochemistry 17 (preceding paper... | [
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PMID:26389 | Lipoxygenation activity of purified prostaglandin-forming cyclooxygenase. | Purified cyclooxygenase, a single enzyme which catalyzes the formation of endoperoxide from arachidonic acid (20:4) in a bis(dioxygenase) reaction, is capable of oxygenating eicosadienoic acid (20:2) at C-11 in a single dioxygenase reaction. The partial oxygenation of 20:2 resembles the formation of prostaglandin from ... | Lipoxygenation activity of purified prostaglandin-forming cyclooxygenase. Purified cyclooxygenase, a single enzyme which catalyzes the formation of endoperoxide from arachidonic acid (20:4) in a bis(dioxygenase) reaction, is capable of oxygenating eicosadienoic acid (20:2) at C-11 in a single dioxygenase reaction. The ... | [
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PMID:26390 | The role of chloride ion in photosystem II. I. Effects of chloride ion on photosystem II electron transport and on hydroxylamine inhibition. | 1. Chloroplasts washed with Cl--free, low-salt media (pH 8) containing EDTA, show virtually no DCMU-insensitive silicomolybdate reduction. The activity is readily restored when 10 mM Cl- is added to the reaction mixture. Very similar results were obtained with the other Photosystem II electron acceptor 2,5-dimethylquin... | The role of chloride ion in photosystem II. I. Effects of chloride ion on photosystem II electron transport and on hydroxylamine inhibition. 1. Chloroplasts washed with Cl--free, low-salt media (pH 8) containing EDTA, show virtually no DCMU-insensitive silicomolybdate reduction. The activity is readily restored when 10... | [
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PMID:26391 | The effect of calcium on the respiratory responses of corn mitochondria. | Tightly coupled respiring corn mitochondria (Zea mays L.) respond to calcium addition with a transitory respiratory increase, proton extrusion, and Ca2+ binding. The extent of response is dependent upon the level of endogenous phosphate, and a large sustained respiratory increase can be obtained with addition of phosph... | The effect of calcium on the respiratory responses of corn mitochondria. Tightly coupled respiring corn mitochondria (Zea mays L.) respond to calcium addition with a transitory respiratory increase, proton extrusion, and Ca2+ binding. The extent of response is dependent upon the level of endogenous phosphate, and a lar... | [
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PMID:26392 | Modes of reduction of nitrogen in heterocysts isolated from Anabaena species. | N2 fixation (acetylene reduction) has been studied with heterocysts isolated from Anabaena cylindrica and Anabaena 7120. In the presence of ATP and at very low concentrations of sodium dithionite, reducing equivalents for activity of nitrogenase in these cells can be derived from several compounds. In the dark, D-gluco... | Modes of reduction of nitrogen in heterocysts isolated from Anabaena species. N2 fixation (acetylene reduction) has been studied with heterocysts isolated from Anabaena cylindrica and Anabaena 7120. In the presence of ATP and at very low concentrations of sodium dithionite, reducing equivalents for activity of nitrogen... | [
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PMID:26393 | The involvement of the electrical double layer in the quenching of 9-aminoacridine fluorescence by negatively charged surfaces. | The addition of 9-aminoacridine monohydrochloride to carboxymethyl-cellulose particles or azolectin liposomes suspended in a low cation medium results in a quenching of its fluorescence. This quenching can be released on the addition of cations. The effectiveness of cations is related only to their valency in the serie... | The involvement of the electrical double layer in the quenching of 9-aminoacridine fluorescence by negatively charged surfaces. The addition of 9-aminoacridine monohydrochloride to carboxymethyl-cellulose particles or azolectin liposomes suspended in a low cation medium results in a quenching of its fluorescence. This ... | [
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PMID:26394 | Effect of nucleotides on potential and pH changes across the thylakoid membrane of spinach chloroplasts. | With appropriate preparations of spinish chloroplasts we observe three distinct effects of the nucleotides: 1. An accelaration of the dark decay of the light induced 520 nm absorbance change after ATP addition. 2. An acidification of the internal space of the thylakoids after ATP addition in darkness. 3. A dark ATPase ... | Effect of nucleotides on potential and pH changes across the thylakoid membrane of spinach chloroplasts. With appropriate preparations of spinish chloroplasts we observe three distinct effects of the nucleotides: 1. An accelaration of the dark decay of the light induced 520 nm absorbance change after ATP addition. 2. A... | [
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PMID:26396 | Photosynthetic electron transport and phosphorylation reactions in thylakoid membranes from the blue-green alga Anacystis nidulans. | Thylakoid membranes were prepared from the blue-green alga, Anacystis nidulans with lysozyme treatment and a short period of sonic oscillation. The thylakoid membrane preparation was highly active in the electron transport reactions such as the Hill reactions with ferricyanide and with 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol, the... | Photosynthetic electron transport and phosphorylation reactions in thylakoid membranes from the blue-green alga Anacystis nidulans. Thylakoid membranes were prepared from the blue-green alga, Anacystis nidulans with lysozyme treatment and a short period of sonic oscillation. The thylakoid membrane preparation was highl... | [
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PMID:26397 | Kinetic study of photoregeneration process of digitonin-solubilized squid rhodopsin. | In the photoregeneration process of squid rhodopsin, an intermediate has been found at neutral pH values (phosphate buffer) with a flash light (lambda greater than 540 nm). An intermediate R430, with the 11-cis retinal as chromophore, is produced from metarhodopsin in light and is converted to rhodopsin through the pro... | Kinetic study of photoregeneration process of digitonin-solubilized squid rhodopsin. In the photoregeneration process of squid rhodopsin, an intermediate has been found at neutral pH values (phosphate buffer) with a flash light (lambda greater than 540 nm). An intermediate R430, with the 11-cis retinal as chromophore, ... | [
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PMID:26398 | The stimulation of Na+ uptake in frog skin by uranyl ions. | 1. The Na+ uptake in the isolated from skin of Rana esculenta was measured by the short-circuit current (Isc). Uranyl ions increase at pH 5.5 the Isc up to 200% at concentrations of 10 mM. The half-maximal value for this effect is at about 1 mM uranyl salt. 2. The effect is (a) specific for the Na+-selective membrane, ... | The stimulation of Na+ uptake in frog skin by uranyl ions. 1. The Na+ uptake in the isolated from skin of Rana esculenta was measured by the short-circuit current (Isc). Uranyl ions increase at pH 5.5 the Isc up to 200% at concentrations of 10 mM. The half-maximal value for this effect is at about 1 mM uranyl salt. 2. ... | [
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PMID:26400 | Pyranine as a sensitive pH probe for liposome interiors and surfaces. pH gradients across phospholipid vesicles. | Pyranine is shown to be a convenient and sensitive probe for reporting pH values, pHi, at the interior of anionic and at the outer surface of cationic liposomes. It is well shielded from the phospholipid headgroups by water molecules in the interior of anionic liposomes, but it is bound to the surface of cationic lipos... | Pyranine as a sensitive pH probe for liposome interiors and surfaces. pH gradients across phospholipid vesicles. Pyranine is shown to be a convenient and sensitive probe for reporting pH values, pHi, at the interior of anionic and at the outer surface of cationic liposomes. It is well shielded from the phospholipid hea... | [
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PMID:26401 | Interaction between NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase and hepatic microsomes. | Solubilized NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase has been purified from liver microsomes of phenobarbital-treated rats. When added to microsomes, the reductase enhances the monoxygenase, such as aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase, ethoxycoumarin O-dealkylase, and benzphetamine N-demethylase, activities. The enhancement can be ob... | Interaction between NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase and hepatic microsomes. Solubilized NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase has been purified from liver microsomes of phenobarbital-treated rats. When added to microsomes, the reductase enhances the monoxygenase, such as aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase, ethoxycoumarin O-dealk... | [
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PMID:26402 | Influence of (DL)-propranolol and Ca2+ on membrane potential and amino acid transport in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. | (1) (DL)-Propranolol and Ca2+ are shown to alter the transmembrane potential difference of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells as measured by means of the cyanine dye, 3,3'-dipropyl-2,2'-thiodicarbocyanine iodide, whose fluorescent intensity changes as a function of membrane potential. (2) The changes in membrane potential eli... | Influence of (DL)-propranolol and Ca2+ on membrane potential and amino acid transport in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. (1) (DL)-Propranolol and Ca2+ are shown to alter the transmembrane potential difference of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells as measured by means of the cyanine dye, 3,3'-dipropyl-2,2'-thiodicarbocyanine iodi... | [
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PMID:26404 | Transport of alpha-aminoisobutyrate by cells and membrane vesicles of Pseudomonas fluorescens. | The transport of alpha-aminoisobutyrate into Pseudomonas fluorescens NCIB 8865 and membrane vesicles prepared from this organism has been studied. Uptake by cells was mediated by two active transport systems with different apparent Km values, while transport into membrane vesicles was mediated by a single component. Th... | Transport of alpha-aminoisobutyrate by cells and membrane vesicles of Pseudomonas fluorescens. The transport of alpha-aminoisobutyrate into Pseudomonas fluorescens NCIB 8865 and membrane vesicles prepared from this organism has been studied. Uptake by cells was mediated by two active transport systems with different ap... | [
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PMID:26405 | How much is secondary structure responsible for resistance of double-stranded RNA to pancreatic ribonuclease A? | 1. Double-stranded f2 sus11 or Qbeta RNAs, resistant to bovine pancreatic RNAase A in 0.15 M NaCl/0.015 M sodium citrate (SSC), are quickly and completely degraded at 10-fold lower ionic strength (0.1 X SSC) under otherwise similar conditions. At this ionic strength the secondary structure of double-stranded RNA is mai... | How much is secondary structure responsible for resistance of double-stranded RNA to pancreatic ribonuclease A? 1. Double-stranded f2 sus11 or Qbeta RNAs, resistant to bovine pancreatic RNAase A in 0.15 M NaCl/0.015 M sodium citrate (SSC), are quickly and completely degraded at 10-fold lower ionic strength (0.1 X SSC)... | [
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PMID:26406 | Incomplete aminoacylation of tRNALeu catalyzed in vitro by leucyl-tRNA synthetase from Escherichia coli B. | The extent of esterification of [14C] leucine into Escherichia coli B tRNALeu apparently depends on the concentration of leucyl-tRNA synthetase. The effect is more pronounced at pH 9.0 than at pH 7.4. When reciprocals of leucyl-tRNA concentration at plateau [aa-tRNA]-1 are plotted against reciprocals of initial velocit... | Incomplete aminoacylation of tRNALeu catalyzed in vitro by leucyl-tRNA synthetase from Escherichia coli B. The extent of esterification of [14C] leucine into Escherichia coli B tRNALeu apparently depends on the concentration of leucyl-tRNA synthetase. The effect is more pronounced at pH 9.0 than at pH 7.4. When recipro... | [
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PMID:26407 | Hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase. Purification and properties of the enzyme from Fusarium oxysporum. | The hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (mevalonate:NADP+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.34) system in Fusarium oxysporum, a soil inhabiting plant pathogen, has been examined. Two forms of the enzyme catalyzing the conversion of hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A were obtained in the supernatant after precipitation at 7... | Hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase. Purification and properties of the enzyme from Fusarium oxysporum. The hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (mevalonate:NADP+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.34) system in Fusarium oxysporum, a soil inhabiting plant pathogen, has been examined. Two forms of the enzyme catalyzi... | [
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PMID:26408 | Purification and characterization of homogeneous assimilatory reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-nitrate reductase from Neurospora crassa. | Neurospora crassa wild type STA4 NADPH-nitrate reductase (NADPH : nitrate oxidoreductase, EC 1.6.6.3) has been purified 5000-fold with an overall yield of 25--50%. The final purified enzyme contained 4 associated enzymatic activities: NADPH-nitrate reductase, FADH2-nitrate reductase, reduced methyl viologen-nitrate red... | Purification and characterization of homogeneous assimilatory reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-nitrate reductase from Neurospora crassa. Neurospora crassa wild type STA4 NADPH-nitrate reductase (NADPH : nitrate oxidoreductase, EC 1.6.6.3) has been purified 5000-fold with an overall yield of 25--50%. ... | [
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PMID:26409 | Characterization of guanylate cyclase of rod outer segments of the bovine retina. | Guanylate cyclase (GTP pyrophosphate-lyse (cyclizing), EC 4.6.1.2.) of bovine retinal rod outer segments is almost completely particulate, i.e. associated with rod outer segment membranes. In contrast to particulate guanylate cyclase in other tissues, treatment of rod outer segments with Triton X-100 does not solublize... | Characterization of guanylate cyclase of rod outer segments of the bovine retina. Guanylate cyclase (GTP pyrophosphate-lyse (cyclizing), EC 4.6.1.2.) of bovine retinal rod outer segments is almost completely particulate, i.e. associated with rod outer segment membranes. In contrast to particulate guanylate cyclase in o... | [
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PMID:26410 | Isoelectric focusing of carboxypeptidase N. | Carboxypeptidase N was partially purified on a TEAE-cellulose column and subjected to isoelectric focusing in sucrose gradient columns containing ampholine gradients of pH range 3-10 and 4-8. Activity separated into two major peaks with pI values of pH 3.8 and 4.3. Both peaks were totally converted to an active desiala... | Isoelectric focusing of carboxypeptidase N. Carboxypeptidase N was partially purified on a TEAE-cellulose column and subjected to isoelectric focusing in sucrose gradient columns containing ampholine gradients of pH range 3-10 and 4-8. Activity separated into two major peaks with pI values of pH 3.8 and 4.3. Both peaks... | [
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PMID:26411 | Methacrylate gels with epoxide groups as supports for immobilization of enzymes in pH range 3-12. | Glycidyl methacrylate gels are carriers suitable for attachment of enzymes and for use in affinity chromatography. Experiments on the coupling of glycyl-L-leucine and acetyl-L-leucine to these gels have shown a high pH-dependence of the bond formation between the support and the alpha-amino group (pH optimum 9.7); the ... | Methacrylate gels with epoxide groups as supports for immobilization of enzymes in pH range 3-12. Glycidyl methacrylate gels are carriers suitable for attachment of enzymes and for use in affinity chromatography. Experiments on the coupling of glycyl-L-leucine and acetyl-L-leucine to these gels have shown a high pH-dep... | [
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PMID:26412 | Effects of thiol inhibitors on hepatic guanylate cylase activity. | Several thiol blocking agents inhibit basal guanylate cyclase activity of 100 000 X g hepatic supernatant fractions and the stimulation of enzyme activity by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), NaN3, NaNO2 and nitroprusside. The relative potency of the thiol blockers as inhibitors was CdCl2 greater than p-hydr... | Effects of thiol inhibitors on hepatic guanylate cylase activity. Several thiol blocking agents inhibit basal guanylate cyclase activity of 100 000 X g hepatic supernatant fractions and the stimulation of enzyme activity by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), NaN3, NaNO2 and nitroprusside. The relative potency... | [
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PMID:26413 | Lipoxygenase-like enzyme in rat testis microsomes. | Microsomes, separated from rat testes, were found capable of oxidizing linoleate and arachidonate. The enzyme activity was solubilized with 1% Triton X-100 in acetate buffer (pH 5.0) and purified by affinity chromatography. The overall purification from the starting preparation was approx. 40-fold. The affinity-purifie... | Lipoxygenase-like enzyme in rat testis microsomes. Microsomes, separated from rat testes, were found capable of oxidizing linoleate and arachidonate. The enzyme activity was solubilized with 1% Triton X-100 in acetate buffer (pH 5.0) and purified by affinity chromatography. The overall purification from the starting pr... | [
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PMID:26414 | Properties of hemoglobin G. Ferrara (beta57(E1) Asn replaced by Lys). | Hemoglobin G. Ferrara is an abnormal human hemoglobin in which an asparagine residue is replaced by a lysyl residue at position beta57 (beta57 Asn replaced by Lys). Oxygen equilibria show that cooperativity and alkaline Bohr effect are maintained to normal levels while the acid Bohr effect appears increased; in additio... | Properties of hemoglobin G. Ferrara (beta57(E1) Asn replaced by Lys). Hemoglobin G. Ferrara is an abnormal human hemoglobin in which an asparagine residue is replaced by a lysyl residue at position beta57 (beta57 Asn replaced by Lys). Oxygen equilibria show that cooperativity and alkaline Bohr effect are maintained to ... | [
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PMID:26415 | A proton NMR investigation of proline-24 cis-trans isomerism in corticotropin 1-32 and related peptides. | 250 MHz 1H-NMR studies performed on aqueous solutions of corticotropin1-32, corticotropin1-24, corticotropin15-32, corticotropin20-32 and corticotropin15-24 have allowed the location and the subsequent assignment of the signals of Tyrosine-23 aromatic protons and valine-22 methyl protons. These signals are sensitive to... | A proton NMR investigation of proline-24 cis-trans isomerism in corticotropin 1-32 and related peptides. 250 MHz 1H-NMR studies performed on aqueous solutions of corticotropin1-32, corticotropin1-24, corticotropin15-32, corticotropin20-32 and corticotropin15-24 have allowed the location and the subsequent assignment of... | [
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PMID:26416 | Role of Bohr group salt bridges in cooperativity in hemoglobin. | Possible problems in measuring the first Adair constant, K1, from accurate oxygen equilibrium curves have been investigated. Of these only the presence of small amounts of CO-hemoglobin or hemoglobin dimers had a significant effect. The former can be eliminated by treatment with oxygen, the latter by measuring the conc... | Role of Bohr group salt bridges in cooperativity in hemoglobin. Possible problems in measuring the first Adair constant, K1, from accurate oxygen equilibrium curves have been investigated. Of these only the presence of small amounts of CO-hemoglobin or hemoglobin dimers had a significant effect. The former can be elimi... | [
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PMID:26417 | Effect of temperature on fluorescence and circular dichroism of Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase and its complexes. | Dihydrofolate reductase and its complexes have been studied by fluorescence and circular dichroism. NADPH, trimethoprim, pyrimethamine, or Methotrexate binding causes small changes in the enzyme far ultraviolet CD which possibly arise from alterations in polypeptide backbone of the enzyme; however, their effects on enz... | Effect of temperature on fluorescence and circular dichroism of Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase and its complexes. Dihydrofolate reductase and its complexes have been studied by fluorescence and circular dichroism. NADPH, trimethoprim, pyrimethamine, or Methotrexate binding causes small changes in the enzyme f... | [
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PMID:26418 | Proton NMR study of the thermodynamics and kinetics of the acid in equilibrium base transitions in reconstituted metmyoglobins. | Optical and proton NMR pH titrations of sperm whale metmyoglobin (metMb) in its native form and reconstituted with chemically modified hemes reveal that the pKa for the acid in equilibrium base transition decreases as the heme 2,4-substituents are made more electron withdrawing. The proton NMR spectra yields resonances... | Proton NMR study of the thermodynamics and kinetics of the acid in equilibrium base transitions in reconstituted metmyoglobins. Optical and proton NMR pH titrations of sperm whale metmyoglobin (metMb) in its native form and reconstituted with chemically modified hemes reveal that the pKa for the acid in equilibrium bas... | [
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PMID:26419 | The fluctuation of various enzyme activities due to myo-inositol deficiency in Saccharomyces carlsbergensis. | The neutral lipid accumulation in myo-inositol deficient Saccharomyces carlsbergensis results at least partly from an enhancement of acetyl CoA carboxylase activity due to the high level of fructose 1,6-biphosphate which activates acetyl CoA carboxylase, and due to the low level of citrate which counteracts the activat... | The fluctuation of various enzyme activities due to myo-inositol deficiency in Saccharomyces carlsbergensis. The neutral lipid accumulation in myo-inositol deficient Saccharomyces carlsbergensis results at least partly from an enhancement of acetyl CoA carboxylase activity due to the high level of fructose 1,6-biphosph... | [
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PMID:26420 | Effects of pH changes and charge characteristics in the uptake of norepinephrine by synaptosomes of rat brain. | The pH dependence of the initial uptake of norepinephrine by rat whole brain synaptosomes was studied using short incubation times at 37 degrees C in order to examine the possible involvement of the phenolic OH group. The pH vs. uptake profile exhibits a maximum near pH 8.2 in H2O medium. When the medium was changed to... | Effects of pH changes and charge characteristics in the uptake of norepinephrine by synaptosomes of rat brain. The pH dependence of the initial uptake of norepinephrine by rat whole brain synaptosomes was studied using short incubation times at 37 degrees C in order to examine the possible involvement of the phenolic O... | [
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PMID:26421 | Binding of polyanions to carrier ampholytes in isoelectric focusing. | The binding of carrier ampholytes to polyanions is markedly pH-dependent: it is very strong at pH 3, rather weak at pH 5 and abolished at pH 7. Binding is affected by the type of negative charge, its density and spatial orientation on the polyanion. On the basis of the type of negative charge, the binding strength decr... | Binding of polyanions to carrier ampholytes in isoelectric focusing. The binding of carrier ampholytes to polyanions is markedly pH-dependent: it is very strong at pH 3, rather weak at pH 5 and abolished at pH 7. Binding is affected by the type of negative charge, its density and spatial orientation on the polyanion. O... | [
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PMID:26422 | [Acetate kinase chromatography on agarose derivatives]. | Acetate kinase from E. coli K-12 was studied chromatographically on omega-aminoalkyl polysacharide sorbents. The dependence of the protein sorption-desorption on ionic strength and the effect of pH on the acetate kinase sorption were studied. The increase in the ionic strength caused a decrease in the amount of protein... | [Acetate kinase chromatography on agarose derivatives]. Acetate kinase from E. coli K-12 was studied chromatographically on omega-aminoalkyl polysacharide sorbents. The dependence of the protein sorption-desorption on ionic strength and the effect of pH on the acetate kinase sorption were studied. The increase in the i... | [
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PMID:26423 | [Molecular weight and tertiary structure of transketolase from baker's yeast]. | Molecular weight of native apotransketolase from baker's yeast is found to be 159000 +/- 6000 by means of sedimentation equilibrium and sedimentation-diffusion rate. The enzyme in a relatively low concentration reversibly dissociates into two subunits with molecular weight of about 80 000 at pH 7.6 and 20 degrees C. Th... | [Molecular weight and tertiary structure of transketolase from baker's yeast]. Molecular weight of native apotransketolase from baker's yeast is found to be 159000 +/- 6000 by means of sedimentation equilibrium and sedimentation-diffusion rate. The enzyme in a relatively low concentration reversibly dissociates into tw... | [
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... |
PMID:26424 | [Properties of the high energy phosphate bonds of triphosphoinositide]. | High heat of enzymatic hydrolysis of triphosphoinositide phosphate bonds and of high-energy phosphates is observed using microcalorimetry. Heats of hydrolysis of triphosphoinositide, ADP and ATP sharply increase with increasing pH values from 6.6 to 7.4. Heat of hydrolysis of diphosphoinositide correlates with that of ... | [Properties of the high energy phosphate bonds of triphosphoinositide]. High heat of enzymatic hydrolysis of triphosphoinositide phosphate bonds and of high-energy phosphates is observed using microcalorimetry. Heats of hydrolysis of triphosphoinositide, ADP and ATP sharply increase with increasing pH values from 6.6 t... | [
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PMID:26425 | [Indirect immunoprecipitation by rat liver polyribosomes using antibodies to tyrosine aminotransferase]. | A fraction of rat liver polyribosomes is isolated, which in its immunochemical characteristics considerably enriched with polyribosomes capable to synthesize hydrocortisone-induced liver tyrosine aminotransferase isoenzyme. This specific polyribosome fraction was purified by immunochemical fractionation of total liver ... | [Indirect immunoprecipitation by rat liver polyribosomes using antibodies to tyrosine aminotransferase]. A fraction of rat liver polyribosomes is isolated, which in its immunochemical characteristics considerably enriched with polyribosomes capable to synthesize hydrocortisone-induced liver tyrosine aminotransferase is... | [
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PMID:26426 | [Light activation of NADH and NADPH]. | Illumination of NADH and NADPH by UV-light in the absence of oxygen resulted in the reduction of ferredoxin or methyl-viologen to cation-radical and under prolonged illumination to dihydrodipyridyl. The reaction may by accompanied by triplet and singlet exitation of NADH. It was shown that hematoporphyrin in aqueous so... | [Light activation of NADH and NADPH]. Illumination of NADH and NADPH by UV-light in the absence of oxygen resulted in the reduction of ferredoxin or methyl-viologen to cation-radical and under prolonged illumination to dihydrodipyridyl. The reaction may by accompanied by triplet and singlet exitation of NADH. It was sh... | [
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PMID:26427 | [Ribosomal proteins of pea seeds behaving like anions at pH 8.6]. | A group of proteins migrating to the anode at pH 8.6 under polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was revealed in the total protein of non-dissociated KCl-washed pea seed ribosomes. No proteins with an isoelectric point below pH 4.2 Were found. The presence of acidic proteins in 80 S ribosomes is due to the presence of a s... | [Ribosomal proteins of pea seeds behaving like anions at pH 8.6]. A group of proteins migrating to the anode at pH 8.6 under polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was revealed in the total protein of non-dissociated KCl-washed pea seed ribosomes. No proteins with an isoelectric point below pH 4.2 Were found. The presence ... | [
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PMID:26428 | [Effect of N-alkylimidazoles on oxidation of o-dianizidine catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase]. | Effect of a number of N-alkylimidazoles (from N-methyl to N-octylimidazole) on peroxidase oxidation of o-dianizidine at pH 8.0 is studied. Alkylimidazoles studied are found to activate the reaction under given conditions, the activation type being non-competitive KA and (alpha) values are similar for all the activators... | [Effect of N-alkylimidazoles on oxidation of o-dianizidine catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase]. Effect of a number of N-alkylimidazoles (from N-methyl to N-octylimidazole) on peroxidase oxidation of o-dianizidine at pH 8.0 is studied. Alkylimidazoles studied are found to activate the reaction under given conditions, t... | [
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PMID:26429 | [Interaction of intracellular RNAase from Aspergillus clavatus with derivatives of its substrates]. | Using spectrophotometric and kinetic methods and also the methods of protection of Aspergillus clavatus RNAse (EC 3.1.4.23) by adenine nucleotides and their components against inactivation by means of acylation or heating, it was found that RNAse-nucleotide complex was formed by association of one enzyme molecule with ... | [Interaction of intracellular RNAase from Aspergillus clavatus with derivatives of its substrates]. Using spectrophotometric and kinetic methods and also the methods of protection of Aspergillus clavatus RNAse (EC 3.1.4.23) by adenine nucleotides and their components against inactivation by means of acylation or heatin... | [
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PMID:26430 | [Subcellular distribution and several properties of the cAMP enzyme system of phototrophic bacteria]. | In the cells of the phototrophic bacteria Rhodospirillum rubrum and Rhodopseudomonas palustris the two enzymes of the cAMP system enzymes - adenylate cyclase and cAMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) exist in a soluble and membrane-bound forms. After mild disruption of the cells (sonication up to 3 min) the activity of both enz... | [Subcellular distribution and several properties of the cAMP enzyme system of phototrophic bacteria]. In the cells of the phototrophic bacteria Rhodospirillum rubrum and Rhodopseudomonas palustris the two enzymes of the cAMP system enzymes - adenylate cyclase and cAMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) exist in a soluble and memb... | [
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PMID:26431 | [Irreversible inactivation of Chlorella glutamine synthetase by urea]. | The effect of urea on Chlorella glutamine synthetase (E. C. 6.3.1.2) activity and tertiary structure is investigated. Urea is found to inhibit the activity of glutamine synthetase, the inhibitory effect being independent on the time. The enzyme molecule relax and changes its affinity to ammonium under the effect of ure... | [Irreversible inactivation of Chlorella glutamine synthetase by urea]. The effect of urea on Chlorella glutamine synthetase (E. C. 6.3.1.2) activity and tertiary structure is investigated. Urea is found to inhibit the activity of glutamine synthetase, the inhibitory effect being independent on the time. The enzyme mole... | [
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PMID:26432 | Influence of pH and temperature on behaviour of surfactant from human neonatal lungs. | The surface pressures of human surfactant films were measured under static conditions and under dynamic (expansion-compression) conditions. The results from both methods showed that the maximum surface pressures generated by surfactant films in vitro were strongly dependent on temperature throughout the range 29-41 deg... | Influence of pH and temperature on behaviour of surfactant from human neonatal lungs. The surface pressures of human surfactant films were measured under static conditions and under dynamic (expansion-compression) conditions. The results from both methods showed that the maximum surface pressures generated by surfactan... | [
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PMID:26433 | In vitro effects of inosine-pyruvate-phosphate on P50 values and DPG contents of fresh and stored blood from healthy neonates, symptom-free premature infants and premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome. | A study was made of the effect of a 3-hour incubation with inosine-pyruvate-phosphate (IPP) on the P50 values and 2,3-DPG contents of fresh blood and blood which had stood for 96 h, from healthy adults, term neonates, 1-2-week-old symptom-free premature infants and RDS premature infants. It was found that the P50 value... | In vitro effects of inosine-pyruvate-phosphate on P50 values and DPG contents of fresh and stored blood from healthy neonates, symptom-free premature infants and premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome. A study was made of the effect of a 3-hour incubation with inosine-pyruvate-phosphate (IPP) on the P50 v... | [
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PMID:26436 | [Effect of heparin polyanion on chromatin preparations obtained in solutions of low ionic strength]. | DNP obtained in low ionic strength solutions (0.7 mM Na-phosphate buffer, pH 7.0) was found to be dissociated under the effect of heparin. The dissociation order of the three histone fractions was established: H2a, H1, H4. The following order of histones is assumed: H2a, H2b, H1, H3, H4. Activation of the DNA and RNA s... | [Effect of heparin polyanion on chromatin preparations obtained in solutions of low ionic strength]. DNP obtained in low ionic strength solutions (0.7 mM Na-phosphate buffer, pH 7.0) was found to be dissociated under the effect of heparin. The dissociation order of the three histone fractions was established: H2a, H1, ... | [
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PMID:26437 | [Property of a heat- and acid-stable inhibitor of serine proteinases from the blood serum to inhibit lymphcyte transformation stimulated by mitogens]. | Thermo- and acid-stable serine proteases inhibitor from the rabbit blood serum (TASPI) was shown to inhibit the human peripheral blood lymphocytes transformation stimulated by phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or concanavalin A. The extent of inhibition depended on the concentration of the preparation and its specific activity.... | [Property of a heat- and acid-stable inhibitor of serine proteinases from the blood serum to inhibit lymphcyte transformation stimulated by mitogens]. Thermo- and acid-stable serine proteases inhibitor from the rabbit blood serum (TASPI) was shown to inhibit the human peripheral blood lymphocytes transformation stimula... | [
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PMID:26443 | Effects of oxypertine on the isolated vas deferens of the rat. | 1 The isolated vas deferens of the rat was used to examine the peripheral action of oxypertine, a psychotropic-anxiolytic drug. 2 Oxypertine (4.4 X 10(-10) M to 2.6 X 10(-5) M) antagonized competitively the effects of noradrenaline (pA2 = 7.2), 5-hydroxytryptamine (pA2 = 8.6) and dopamine (pA2 = 9.8). 3 Oxypertine (8.8... | Effects of oxypertine on the isolated vas deferens of the rat. 1 The isolated vas deferens of the rat was used to examine the peripheral action of oxypertine, a psychotropic-anxiolytic drug. 2 Oxypertine (4.4 X 10(-10) M to 2.6 X 10(-5) M) antagonized competitively the effects of noradrenaline (pA2 = 7.2), 5-hydroxytry... | [
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PMID:26444 | Investigation of the role of histamine in antigen-induced bronchoconstriction in the ascaris-hypersensitive dog. | 1 Aerosol administration of ascaris antigen to the airways of ascaris-hypersensitive dogs provoked increases in pulmonary resistance (Rp) and decreases in dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn). These changes in pulmonary mechanics were not inhibited by the histamine H1-receptor antagonists, diphenhydramine or mepyramine. 2 In... | Investigation of the role of histamine in antigen-induced bronchoconstriction in the ascaris-hypersensitive dog. 1 Aerosol administration of ascaris antigen to the airways of ascaris-hypersensitive dogs provoked increases in pulmonary resistance (Rp) and decreases in dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn). These changes in pul... | [
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... |
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