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PMID:7191 | Microbial formation and degradation of dimethylamine. | Dimethylamine was formed from trimethylamine in soils of different pH values. The rate of disappearance of the secondary amine from soil was affected by pH and was markedly reduced under anaerobiosis. The accumulation of dimethylamine in cultures of Micrococcus sp. provided with trimethylamine depended on the nitrogen ... | Microbial formation and degradation of dimethylamine. Dimethylamine was formed from trimethylamine in soils of different pH values. The rate of disappearance of the secondary amine from soil was affected by pH and was markedly reduced under anaerobiosis. The accumulation of dimethylamine in cultures of Micrococcus sp. ... | [
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PMID:7192 | Toxicity of ammonia to algae in sewage oxidation ponds. | Ammonia, at concentrations over 2.0 mM and at pH values over 8.0, inhibits photosynthesis and growth of Scenedesmus obliquus, a dominant species in high-rate sewage oxidation ponds. Photosynthesis of Chlorella pyrenoidosa, Anacystis nidulans, and Plectonema boryanum is also susceptible to ammonia inhibition. Dark respi... | Toxicity of ammonia to algae in sewage oxidation ponds. Ammonia, at concentrations over 2.0 mM and at pH values over 8.0, inhibits photosynthesis and growth of Scenedesmus obliquus, a dominant species in high-rate sewage oxidation ponds. Photosynthesis of Chlorella pyrenoidosa, Anacystis nidulans, and Plectonema boryan... | [
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PMID:7193 | Production of extracellular alpha-glucosidase by a thermophilic Bacillus species. | Production of extracellular alpha-glucosidase was studied with strain KP 1006 of a new species of thermophilic Bacillus, which was isolated from soil samples by enrichment at 65 C. alpha-Glucosidase production was maximum at 60 C and at an initial pH of 6.5. The final enzyme yield was increased by starch, maltose, glyc... | Production of extracellular alpha-glucosidase by a thermophilic Bacillus species. Production of extracellular alpha-glucosidase was studied with strain KP 1006 of a new species of thermophilic Bacillus, which was isolated from soil samples by enrichment at 65 C. alpha-Glucosidase production was maximum at 60 C and at a... | [
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PMID:7194 | Factors influencing the production of cellulases by Sporotrichum thermophile. | Cellulase production and growth of a strain of Sporotrichum thermophile were studied by using a mineral salts medium supplemented with yeast extract and insoluble cellulose. The effects of cultural conditions, such as pH, nitrogen source, substrate concentration, and temperature, were examined. Maximum production of C1... | Factors influencing the production of cellulases by Sporotrichum thermophile. Cellulase production and growth of a strain of Sporotrichum thermophile were studied by using a mineral salts medium supplemented with yeast extract and insoluble cellulose. The effects of cultural conditions, such as pH, nitrogen source, sub... | [
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PMID:7195 | Degradation of [8,9,-14C]endosulfan by soil microorganisms. | Twenty-eight soil fungi, 49 soil bacteria, and 10 actinomycetes were tested as to their ability to degrade the insecticide endosulfan. Using 14C-labeled material, the qualitative as well as the quantitative formation of metabolities, as well as of 14CO2, could be followed. Sixteen fungi, 15 bacteria, and 3 actinomycete... | Degradation of [8,9,-14C]endosulfan by soil microorganisms. Twenty-eight soil fungi, 49 soil bacteria, and 10 actinomycetes were tested as to their ability to degrade the insecticide endosulfan. Using 14C-labeled material, the qualitative as well as the quantitative formation of metabolities, as well as of 14CO2, could... | [
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PMID:7196 | Stabilization of a psychrotrophic Pseudomonas protease by calcium against thermal inactivation in milk at ultrahigh temperature. | The heat-stable extracellular protease of Pseudomonas sp. (isolate MC60) was investigated. Heat resistance of the enzyme in milk at sterilization temperature was dependent on the presence of Ca2+. The half-life of the enzyme at ultrahigh temperature (149 C) in skim milk or milk-salts buffer with Ca2+ was approximately ... | Stabilization of a psychrotrophic Pseudomonas protease by calcium against thermal inactivation in milk at ultrahigh temperature. The heat-stable extracellular protease of Pseudomonas sp. (isolate MC60) was investigated. Heat resistance of the enzyme in milk at sterilization temperature was dependent on the presence of ... | [
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PMID:7197 | N-Nitrosamine formation by cultures of several microorganisms. | Of 38 pure cultures of microorganisms tested, only one, Pseudomonas stutzeri, was capable of forming dimethylnitrosamine from dimethylamine and nitrite during growth. Resting cells of P. stutzeri, Cryptococcus terreus, Escherichia coli, and Xanthomonas campestris formed dimethylnitrosamine, although no nitrosamine was ... | N-Nitrosamine formation by cultures of several microorganisms. Of 38 pure cultures of microorganisms tested, only one, Pseudomonas stutzeri, was capable of forming dimethylnitrosamine from dimethylamine and nitrite during growth. Resting cells of P. stutzeri, Cryptococcus terreus, Escherichia coli, and Xanthomonas camp... | [
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PMID:7198 | Influence of sewage discharge on nitrogen fixation and nitrogen flux from coral reefs in Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii. | Nitrogen fixation was investigated in Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaii, a subtropical eutrophic estuary, by using the acetylene reduction technique on algal samples. No active, planktonic, N2-fixing blue-green algae or bacteria were observed. However, Calothrix and Nostoc capable of fixing N2 were cultured from navigational b... | Influence of sewage discharge on nitrogen fixation and nitrogen flux from coral reefs in Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii. Nitrogen fixation was investigated in Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaii, a subtropical eutrophic estuary, by using the acetylene reduction technique on algal samples. No active, planktonic, N2-fixing blue-green algae o... | [
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PMID:7199 | Cultivation of mycoplasmas in a modified tissue culture medium. | A new medium, which contained a chemically defined tissue culture base ("medium 199"), was developed for the cultivation of mycoplasmas. When supplemented with albumin, glucose, serum, and yeast extract, the new medium adequately supported the growth of Mycoplasma and Acholeplasma species. | Cultivation of mycoplasmas in a modified tissue culture medium. A new medium, which contained a chemically defined tissue culture base ("medium 199"), was developed for the cultivation of mycoplasmas. When supplemented with albumin, glucose, serum, and yeast extract, the new medium adequately supported the growth of My... | [
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PMID:7215 | Further evidence for the transmission of Mansonella ozzardi by Simulium amazonicum in Brazil. | The transmission of Mansonella ozzardi was studied in two rubber collecting villages on the River Purus, state of Amazonas, Brazil. Haematophagous insects were collected from human and bovine baits during the day and night: 687 Mansonia amazonensis and 154 Culicoides sp. indet. were free from infection with M. ozzardi.... | Further evidence for the transmission of Mansonella ozzardi by Simulium amazonicum in Brazil. The transmission of Mansonella ozzardi was studied in two rubber collecting villages on the River Purus, state of Amazonas, Brazil. Haematophagous insects were collected from human and bovine baits during the day and night: 68... | [
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PMID:7216 | [Studies on the properties of acid erythrocyte phosphatase in sheep and the isoenzymes of sheep and goat acid erythrocyte phosphatase]. | Ovine erythrocytic acid phosphatase showed two peaks of activity at pH 5.0 and 5.7 in acetate buffer with p-nitrophenylphosphate as substrate. The enzyme was only slightly inhibited by fluoride and L-phenylalanine, but high concentrations of urea strongly inhibited it. Activity of the enzyme was greater in goat erythro... | [Studies on the properties of acid erythrocyte phosphatase in sheep and the isoenzymes of sheep and goat acid erythrocyte phosphatase]. Ovine erythrocytic acid phosphatase showed two peaks of activity at pH 5.0 and 5.7 in acetate buffer with p-nitrophenylphosphate as substrate. The enzyme was only slightly inhibited by... | [
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PMID:7218 | [Origination and importance of glycolysis for malignomas and utilization of this property in the chemotherapy of cancer (author's transl)]. | Glycolysis is not of importance for the process of carcinogenesis. It is very likely, however, that certain molecular-biological and genetic changes are produced which enable the malignant cell to develop an intensive glycolysis, for instance, to form specialized glycolytic isoenzymes already during oncogenesis, and ma... | [Origination and importance of glycolysis for malignomas and utilization of this property in the chemotherapy of cancer (author's transl)]. Glycolysis is not of importance for the process of carcinogenesis. It is very likely, however, that certain molecular-biological and genetic changes are produced which enable the m... | [
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PMID:7219 | [The influence of role induction on the success of systematic desensitization of socially anxious students (author's transl)]. | The so-called nonspecific factors involved in therapy have received little attention up to the present - namely, that of role induction (preparing the clients for treatment by informing them about the rationale of treatment, the treatment process, and their part in therapy). For this reason, we constructed an induction... | [The influence of role induction on the success of systematic desensitization of socially anxious students (author's transl)]. The so-called nonspecific factors involved in therapy have received little attention up to the present - namely, that of role induction (preparing the clients for treatment by informing them ab... | [
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PMID:7220 | Cell populations in a renal lesion produced by local injection of xenogeneic spleen cells in cyclophosphamide-treated rats. | The frequency and distribution of donor and host lymphoid cells in different stages of a lesion produced by injecting mouse spleen cells beneath the renal capsules of rats treated 24 h previously with cyclophosphamide have been studied by immunofluorescent staining with species-specific anti-lymphocyte sera. Donor cell... | Cell populations in a renal lesion produced by local injection of xenogeneic spleen cells in cyclophosphamide-treated rats. The frequency and distribution of donor and host lymphoid cells in different stages of a lesion produced by injecting mouse spleen cells beneath the renal capsules of rats treated 24 h previously ... | [
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PMID:7221 | Facilitation of the growth of an allogeneic tumour by suppressor cells in newborn rats. | The intravenous injection of as few as 15 Walker tumour cells into newborn rats consistently resulted in the development of pulmonary metastases and the death of the recipient within 2 weeks. Neither the outcome of tumour cell injection nor the interval until death could be modified by transferring 2 x 10(7) lymphocyte... | Facilitation of the growth of an allogeneic tumour by suppressor cells in newborn rats. The intravenous injection of as few as 15 Walker tumour cells into newborn rats consistently resulted in the development of pulmonary metastases and the death of the recipient within 2 weeks. Neither the outcome of tumour cell injec... | [
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PMID:7222 | Suppressor cells in homograft tolerant rats. | If sufficient normal syngeneic lymphocytes to effect skin graft rejection are transferred to homograft tolerant rats, a prolonged period elapses before lymphoid cells from the recipient acquire normal levels of GvH responsiveness against tissues of which the donor was previously tolerant (Silvers and Billingham, 1970; ... | Suppressor cells in homograft tolerant rats. If sufficient normal syngeneic lymphocytes to effect skin graft rejection are transferred to homograft tolerant rats, a prolonged period elapses before lymphoid cells from the recipient acquire normal levels of GvH responsiveness against tissues of which the donor was previo... | [
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PMID:7223 | Efficacy of two minor tranquilizers in relieveing symptoms of functional gastrointestinal distress. | Two minor tranquilizers, diazepam and lorazepam were significantly better than a placebo preparation in relieving symptoms of functional gastrointestinal distress in 28 patients who took part in a double-blind cross-over trial. The beneficial therapeutic effect may be group- rather than preparation-specific. Both agen... | Efficacy of two minor tranquilizers in relieveing symptoms of functional gastrointestinal distress. Two minor tranquilizers, diazepam and lorazepam were significantly better than a placebo preparation in relieving symptoms of functional gastrointestinal distress in 28 patients who took part in a double-blind cross-ove... | [
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PMID:7224 | Hydrallazine and beta-blockade in refractory hypertension with characterization of acetylator phenotype. | In 30 refractory hypertensives a hydrallazine beta blocker combination was added to or substituted for previous antihypertensives. Over a mean period of 12 months a good or satisfactory blood pressure response resulted in 12 patients each, while six others had an unsatisfactory outcome. (Good = diastolic pressure (DP) ... | Hydrallazine and beta-blockade in refractory hypertension with characterization of acetylator phenotype. In 30 refractory hypertensives a hydrallazine beta blocker combination was added to or substituted for previous antihypertensives. Over a mean period of 12 months a good or satisfactory blood pressure response resul... | [
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PMID:7225 | Neurotic and psychotic states attributed to Thai "Phii Pob" spirit possession. | In Thailand, the term "Phii" refers to spirits and ghosts to which are generally attributed power over human beings. In the present, spirit possession is usually found in rural areas. However among several spirits, there is one particularly interesting spirit selected for this presentation, the phii pob. The "Phii Pob"... | Neurotic and psychotic states attributed to Thai "Phii Pob" spirit possession. In Thailand, the term "Phii" refers to spirits and ghosts to which are generally attributed power over human beings. In the present, spirit possession is usually found in rural areas. However among several spirits, there is one particularly ... | [
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PMID:7231 | The effects of acidosis and alkalosis on coronary flow and cardiac nucleotide metabolism. | The changes of the coronary flows and of the cardiac nucleotide metabolism during acidosis and during alkalosis were studied in 50 perfused guinea pig hearts with and without hypoxia. At pH 7.0 the coronary flows increased, and at pH 7.8 a significant reduction of the flows took place. At 20% O2, acidosis elicited a fu... | The effects of acidosis and alkalosis on coronary flow and cardiac nucleotide metabolism. The changes of the coronary flows and of the cardiac nucleotide metabolism during acidosis and during alkalosis were studied in 50 perfused guinea pig hearts with and without hypoxia. At pH 7.0 the coronary flows increased, and at... | [
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PMID:7235 | Biosynthesis of prostaglandins in rabbit kidney medulla. Properties of prostaglandin synthase. | A simple radioactive-substrate assay for prostaglandin synthase (EC 1.14.99.1), which uses t.l.c. to measure simultaneously different prostaglandins synthesized from one precursor substrate, was developed. Rabbit kidney-medulla prostaglandin synthase catalyses the formation of prostaglandin E2, prostaglandin F2alpha an... | Biosynthesis of prostaglandins in rabbit kidney medulla. Properties of prostaglandin synthase. A simple radioactive-substrate assay for prostaglandin synthase (EC 1.14.99.1), which uses t.l.c. to measure simultaneously different prostaglandins synthesized from one precursor substrate, was developed. Rabbit kidney-medul... | [
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PMID:7236 | Interactions of some acceptors with superoxide anion radicals formed by the NADPH-specific flavoprotein in rat liver microsomal fractions. | In rat liver microsomal fractions oxidation of adrenaline was effected by superoxide anion radicals (O2-), whereas cytochrome c, 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol and ferricyanide accepted electrons from NADPH-specific flavoprotein only directly. Nitro Blue Tetrazolium was reduced both by O2- and by the direct acceptance o... | Interactions of some acceptors with superoxide anion radicals formed by the NADPH-specific flavoprotein in rat liver microsomal fractions. In rat liver microsomal fractions oxidation of adrenaline was effected by superoxide anion radicals (O2-), whereas cytochrome c, 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol and ferricyanide accep... | [
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PMID:7237 | L-lactate transport in Ehrlich ascites-tumour cells. | Ehrlich ascites-tumour cells were investigated with regard to their stability to transport L-lactate by measuring either the distribution of [14C]lactate or concomitant H+ ion movements. The movement of lactate was dependent on the pH difference across the cell membrane and was electroneutral, as evidenced by an observ... | L-lactate transport in Ehrlich ascites-tumour cells. Ehrlich ascites-tumour cells were investigated with regard to their stability to transport L-lactate by measuring either the distribution of [14C]lactate or concomitant H+ ion movements. The movement of lactate was dependent on the pH difference across the cell membr... | [
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PMID:7238 | Dehydrogenation of the phosphonate analogue of glucose 6-phosphate by glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase. | 6,7 -Dideoxy-alpha-D-gluco-heptose 7-phosphonic acid, the isosteric phosphonate analogue of glucose 6-phosphate, was synthesized in six steps from the readily available precursor benzyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-alpha-D-glucopyranoside. The analogue is a substrate for yeast glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, showing Michaelis-... | Dehydrogenation of the phosphonate analogue of glucose 6-phosphate by glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase. 6,7 -Dideoxy-alpha-D-gluco-heptose 7-phosphonic acid, the isosteric phosphonate analogue of glucose 6-phosphate, was synthesized in six steps from the readily available precursor benzyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-alpha-D-glu... | [
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PMID:7239 | Interactions of the lanthanide- and hapten-binding sites in the Fv fragment from the myeloma protein MOPC 315. | 1. The interactions of lanthanide metals and dinitrophenyl spin-label haptens with the Fv fragment of the mouse myeloma protein MOPC 315 were investigated by the techniques of fluorescence, e.s.r. (electron spin resonance) and high-resolution n.m.r. (nuclear magnetic resonance). 2. The protein fluorescence of Fv fragme... | Interactions of the lanthanide- and hapten-binding sites in the Fv fragment from the myeloma protein MOPC 315. 1. The interactions of lanthanide metals and dinitrophenyl spin-label haptens with the Fv fragment of the mouse myeloma protein MOPC 315 were investigated by the techniques of fluorescence, e.s.r. (electron sp... | [
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PMID:7240 | Isolation, by partial pepsin digestion, of the three collagen-like regions present in subcomponent Clq of the first component of human complement. | 1. Digestion of human subcomponent C1q with pepsin at pH4.45 for 20h at 37 degrees C fragmented most of the non-collagen-like amino acid sequences in the molecule to small peptides, whereas the entire regions of collagen-like sequence that comprised 38% by weight of the subcomponent C1q were left intact. 2. The collage... | Isolation, by partial pepsin digestion, of the three collagen-like regions present in subcomponent Clq of the first component of human complement. 1. Digestion of human subcomponent C1q with pepsin at pH4.45 for 20h at 37 degrees C fragmented most of the non-collagen-like amino acid sequences in the molecule to small p... | [
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PMID:7241 | PH-dependence of the steady-state rate of a two-step enzymic reaction. | 1. The pH-dependence is considered of a reaction between E and S that proceeds through an intermediate ES under "Briggs-Haldane' conditions, i.e. there is a steady state in ES and [S]o greater than [E]T, where [S]o is the initial concentration of S and [E]T is the total concentration of all forms of E. Reactants and in... | PH-dependence of the steady-state rate of a two-step enzymic reaction. 1. The pH-dependence is considered of a reaction between E and S that proceeds through an intermediate ES under "Briggs-Haldane' conditions, i.e. there is a steady state in ES and [S]o greater than [E]T, where [S]o is the initial concentration of S ... | [
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PMID:7242 | Some properties of a microsomal oleate desaturase from leaves. | 1. When [1-14C]oleoyl-CoA was incubated with a pea-leaf homogenate oleate was both incorporated into microsomal 3-sn-phosphatidylcholine and released as the unesterified fatty acid. The proportion of oleate incorporated into this phospholipid was dependent on the relative amounts of thiol ester and microsomal preparati... | Some properties of a microsomal oleate desaturase from leaves. 1. When [1-14C]oleoyl-CoA was incubated with a pea-leaf homogenate oleate was both incorporated into microsomal 3-sn-phosphatidylcholine and released as the unesterified fatty acid. The proportion of oleate incorporated into this phospholipid was dependent ... | [
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PMID:7243 | Isolation and properties of alpha-D-mannosidase from human kidney. | Alpha-D-Mannosidase activity exists in three forms that can be separated by DEAE-cellulose chromatography, alpha-D-Mannosidase was isolated from human kidney in a homogeneous state, and was purified 2100-fold, with p-nitrophenyl alpha-D-mannoside as substrate. The purified alpha-D-mannosidase was practically free from ... | Isolation and properties of alpha-D-mannosidase from human kidney. Alpha-D-Mannosidase activity exists in three forms that can be separated by DEAE-cellulose chromatography, alpha-D-Mannosidase was isolated from human kidney in a homogeneous state, and was purified 2100-fold, with p-nitrophenyl alpha-D-mannoside as sub... | [
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PMID:7244 | Neutral proteinases of human spleen. Purification and criteria for homogeneity of elastase and cathepsin G. | 1. Human spleen was found to contain proteinases active against azo-casein at neutral and alkaline pH values. 2. The activity was stimulated by high ionic strength and some detergents. 3. Optimal extraction of the proteinases from the tissue was achieved with 1.0M-NaCl containing 0.1% Brij 35 and 0.1% trisodium EDTA. 4... | Neutral proteinases of human spleen. Purification and criteria for homogeneity of elastase and cathepsin G. 1. Human spleen was found to contain proteinases active against azo-casein at neutral and alkaline pH values. 2. The activity was stimulated by high ionic strength and some detergents. 3. Optimal extraction of th... | [
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PMID:7245 | Human cathepsin G. Catalytic and immunological properties. | 1. The specificity of cathepsin G, a neutral proteinase from human spleen, was examined by use of low-molecular-weight substrates. The enzyme was found to hydrolyse several synthetic substrates also hydrolysed by chymotrypsin, but with different kinetic constants. 2. Maximal activity against benzoyl-DL-phenylalanine 2-... | Human cathepsin G. Catalytic and immunological properties. 1. The specificity of cathepsin G, a neutral proteinase from human spleen, was examined by use of low-molecular-weight substrates. The enzyme was found to hydrolyse several synthetic substrates also hydrolysed by chymotrypsin, but with different kinetic constan... | [
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PMID:7246 | Polar-group behaviour in mixed monolayers of phospholipids and fusogenic lipids. | 1. The surface potentials of mixed monolayers of synthetic phospholipids with lipids that are fusogenic for hen erythrocytes were investigated. 2. At pH 5.6 and 10, but not at pH2, mixed monolayers of the fusogenic lipid, glycerol mono-oleate, with phosphatidylcholine exhibited negative deviations from the ideality rul... | Polar-group behaviour in mixed monolayers of phospholipids and fusogenic lipids. 1. The surface potentials of mixed monolayers of synthetic phospholipids with lipids that are fusogenic for hen erythrocytes were investigated. 2. At pH 5.6 and 10, but not at pH2, mixed monolayers of the fusogenic lipid, glycerol mono-ole... | [
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PMID:7247 | Phosphonomethyl analogues of hexose phosphates. | The analogue of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate in which the phosphate group, -O-PO3H2, on C-6 is replaced by the phosphonomethyl group, -CH2-PO3H2, was made enzymically from the corresponding analogue of 3-phosphoglycerate. It was a substrate for aldolase, which was used to form it, but not for fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase. ... | Phosphonomethyl analogues of hexose phosphates. The analogue of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate in which the phosphate group, -O-PO3H2, on C-6 is replaced by the phosphonomethyl group, -CH2-PO3H2, was made enzymically from the corresponding analogue of 3-phosphoglycerate. It was a substrate for aldolase, which was used to fo... | [
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PMID:7275 | A metal complexing property of furosemide and bumetanide: determination of pK and stability constant. | Furosemide and bumetanide have been found to have different pK values and undergo complex formation with several metal ions in dioxane-water solution. pK values of these diuretics were determined. Evidence for complex formation was provided by a drop in pH during complex formation, production of a characteristic color ... | A metal complexing property of furosemide and bumetanide: determination of pK and stability constant. Furosemide and bumetanide have been found to have different pK values and undergo complex formation with several metal ions in dioxane-water solution. pK values of these diuretics were determined. Evidence for complex ... | [
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PMID:7276 | [Drug-drug interactions (author's transl)]. | This short outline of drug-drug interactions does not claim to cover the entire field. The task of this paper is to illustrate the most important principles of drug-drug interactions by paradigms taken from the experience of the practitioner. One consequence of drug-drug interactions is the change in pharmacolinetic pa... | [Drug-drug interactions (author's transl)]. This short outline of drug-drug interactions does not claim to cover the entire field. The task of this paper is to illustrate the most important principles of drug-drug interactions by paradigms taken from the experience of the practitioner. One consequence of drug-drug inte... | [
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PMID:7277 | [Galenical possibilities and problems in protraction of drug effects (author's transl)]. | In recent years, dosage forms with sustained release have obtained a significant importance. The technological possibilities for manufacturing are described as coating, embedding and matrix procedures. The range of auxiliary substances, which are responsible for the retardation of drug activity, reaches from lipophilic... | [Galenical possibilities and problems in protraction of drug effects (author's transl)]. In recent years, dosage forms with sustained release have obtained a significant importance. The technological possibilities for manufacturing are described as coating, embedding and matrix procedures. The range of auxiliary substa... | [
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PMID:7278 | [Metabolic degradation of cartilage by leucocyte enzymes under the influence of antirheumatic drugs (author's transl)]. | Lately the importance and participation of leucocytes in rheumatoid arthritis have been discussed. In order to study catabolic reactions in connective tissue we investigated the autolytic liberation of mucopolysaccharides in cartilage alone and in the presence of leucocyte enzymes. Factors of optimal experimental condi... | [Metabolic degradation of cartilage by leucocyte enzymes under the influence of antirheumatic drugs (author's transl)]. Lately the importance and participation of leucocytes in rheumatoid arthritis have been discussed. In order to study catabolic reactions in connective tissue we investigated the autolytic liberation o... | [
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PMID:7279 | [MASCA-model of biochemical-pharmacological drug research/Part VIII: Examples (author's transl)]. | In this report two examples (inhibition of alcohol dehydrogenase by pyridine and benzamide derivates) are given for the interpretation of the MASCA-model. | [MASCA-model of biochemical-pharmacological drug research/Part VIII: Examples (author's transl)]. In this report two examples (inhibition of alcohol dehydrogenase by pyridine and benzamide derivates) are given for the interpretation of the MASCA-model. | [
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PMID:7280 | [In vitro inhibition of oxidative N-demethylation with carbon disulfide]. | Earlier findings have shown that in experimental animals (rat) and in man inhaled carbon disulphide (CS2) reversibly inhibits the non-specific oxidative drug metabolism caused by hepatic microsomal enzymes. Very little is known concerning the underlying mechanism. The present investigations were undertaken to throw lig... | [In vitro inhibition of oxidative N-demethylation with carbon disulfide]. Earlier findings have shown that in experimental animals (rat) and in man inhaled carbon disulphide (CS2) reversibly inhibits the non-specific oxidative drug metabolism caused by hepatic microsomal enzymes. Very little is known concerning the und... | [
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PMID:7281 | [The influence of neuroleptic drugs on urinary excretion of non-protein nitrogen (author's transl)]. | During treatment with thioxanthenes or phenothiazines of schizophrenic patients non-protein nitrogen in urine was measured. The values were calculated in relation to the excretion of creatinine. a) Flupentixol or fluphenazine applied in optimal dosage, increased the excretion of urea and the amino acids asp, glu + gln,... | [The influence of neuroleptic drugs on urinary excretion of non-protein nitrogen (author's transl)]. During treatment with thioxanthenes or phenothiazines of schizophrenic patients non-protein nitrogen in urine was measured. The values were calculated in relation to the excretion of creatinine. a) Flupentixol or fluphe... | [
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PMID:7286 | Gastric secretion and fermentation in the suckling pig. | 1. The contribution to acidification of the stomach contents of pigs by hydrochloric acid secretion or by lactic acid produced by fermentation was studied in fifteen suckling pigs from six litters born and reared either in a 'conventional' environment or in an isolated 'clean' environment. Sequential samples of stomach... | Gastric secretion and fermentation in the suckling pig. 1. The contribution to acidification of the stomach contents of pigs by hydrochloric acid secretion or by lactic acid produced by fermentation was studied in fifteen suckling pigs from six litters born and reared either in a 'conventional' environment or in an iso... | [
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PMID:7287 | Broad-line nuclear magnetic resonance studies of chloroperoxidase. | Chloroperoxidase, a heme glycoprotein isolated from the mold Caldariomyces fumago, was studied by NMR relaxation techniques. Interaction of the chloride ion substrate with the enzyme may be analyzed as consisting of at least three contributions: a weak interaction with the iron atom, nonspecific anion-protein interacti... | Broad-line nuclear magnetic resonance studies of chloroperoxidase. Chloroperoxidase, a heme glycoprotein isolated from the mold Caldariomyces fumago, was studied by NMR relaxation techniques. Interaction of the chloride ion substrate with the enzyme may be analyzed as consisting of at least three contributions: a weak ... | [
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PMID:7288 | Reaction of cytidine with semicarbazide in the presence of bisulfite. A rapid modification specific for single-stranded polynucleotide. | Semicarbazide reacted rapidly with 5,6-dihydrocytidine-6-sulfonate, which was formed from cytidine by addition of bisulfite across the 5,6-double bond. The transaminated product, 5,6-dihydro-4-semicarbazido-2-ketotopyrimidine-6-sulfonate ribofuranoside, was identified by comparison with that formed by treatment of 4-se... | Reaction of cytidine with semicarbazide in the presence of bisulfite. A rapid modification specific for single-stranded polynucleotide. Semicarbazide reacted rapidly with 5,6-dihydrocytidine-6-sulfonate, which was formed from cytidine by addition of bisulfite across the 5,6-double bond. The transaminated product, 5,6-d... | [
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PMID:7289 | Effects of substrate and inhibitor binding on thermal and proteolytic inactivation of rat liver transhydrogenase. | The thermostability and proteolytic inactivation of rat liver submitochondrial particle transhydrogenase was studied in the presence of pyridine dinucleotide substrates and a variety of divalent metal and nucleotide inhibitors. Relative to the unliganded enzyme, the NADPH-enzyme complex was more thermostable and showed... | Effects of substrate and inhibitor binding on thermal and proteolytic inactivation of rat liver transhydrogenase. The thermostability and proteolytic inactivation of rat liver submitochondrial particle transhydrogenase was studied in the presence of pyridine dinucleotide substrates and a variety of divalent metal and n... | [
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PMID:7290 | N-(1-pyrene)maleimide: a fluorescent cross-linking reagent. | N-(1-Pyrene)maleimide is nonfluorescent in aqueous solution but forms strongly fluorescent adducts with sulfhydryl groups of organic compounds or proteins. The conjugation reactions of N-(1-pyrene)maleimide are relatively fast and can be monitored by the increase in fluorescence intensity of the pyrene chromophore. In ... | N-(1-pyrene)maleimide: a fluorescent cross-linking reagent. N-(1-Pyrene)maleimide is nonfluorescent in aqueous solution but forms strongly fluorescent adducts with sulfhydryl groups of organic compounds or proteins. The conjugation reactions of N-(1-pyrene)maleimide are relatively fast and can be monitored by the incre... | [
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PMID:7291 | Analysis of the interaction of organic phosphates with hemoglobin. | The interaction of organic phosphates with hemoglobin is studied by use of a simple thermodynamic approach. A model-independent analysis is employed to evaluate the accuracy of Adair constants determined in the presence of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (DPG). The change of oxygen affinity in the presence of phosphates is rela... | Analysis of the interaction of organic phosphates with hemoglobin. The interaction of organic phosphates with hemoglobin is studied by use of a simple thermodynamic approach. A model-independent analysis is employed to evaluate the accuracy of Adair constants determined in the presence of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (DPG). ... | [
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PMID:7292 | 15N nuclear magnetic resonance of flavins. | Ninety-nine percent 15N-enriched flavins were synthesized and their proton decoupled 15N resonances were observed. The enriched compounds were [1,3-15N]riboflavin, [1,3,5-15N]riboflavin, [1,3-15N]riboflavin 5'-phosphate, [1,3,5-15N]riboflavin 5'-phosphate, and [1,3,5-15N] flavin adenine dinucleotide, [1,3,5-15N] lumifl... | 15N nuclear magnetic resonance of flavins. Ninety-nine percent 15N-enriched flavins were synthesized and their proton decoupled 15N resonances were observed. The enriched compounds were [1,3-15N]riboflavin, [1,3,5-15N]riboflavin, [1,3-15N]riboflavin 5'-phosphate, [1,3,5-15N]riboflavin 5'-phosphate, and [1,3,5-15N] flav... | [
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PMID:7293 | Dual divalent cation requirement for activation of pyruvate kinase; essential roles of both enzyme- and nucleotide-bound metal ions. | Rabbit muscle pyruvate kinase requires two divalent cations per active site for catalysis of the enolization of pyruvate in the presence of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP). One divalent cation is bound directly to the enzyme and forms a second sphere complex with the bound ATP (site 1). The second divalent cation is di... | Dual divalent cation requirement for activation of pyruvate kinase; essential roles of both enzyme- and nucleotide-bound metal ions. Rabbit muscle pyruvate kinase requires two divalent cations per active site for catalysis of the enolization of pyruvate in the presence of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP). One divalent c... | [
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PMID:7294 | NADP+ and NADPH in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient erythrocytes under oxidative stimulation. | A mild oxidative stimulation of the hexose monophosphate pathway of human glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49)-deficient erythrocytes (Mediterranean variant) causes a significant drop in NADPH. These results, other than to confirm that glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency is a product deficiency diso... | NADP+ and NADPH in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient erythrocytes under oxidative stimulation. A mild oxidative stimulation of the hexose monophosphate pathway of human glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49)-deficient erythrocytes (Mediterranean variant) causes a significant drop in NADPH. These resu... | [
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PMID:7295 | Purification and properties of ATPase inhibitor from rat liver mitochondria. | (1) The ATPase inhibitior protein has been isolated from rat liver mitochondria in purified form. The molecular weight determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis is approximately 9500, and the isoelectric point is 8.9. (2) The protein inhibits both the soluble ATPase and the particle-bound ATPase from rat... | Purification and properties of ATPase inhibitor from rat liver mitochondria. (1) The ATPase inhibitior protein has been isolated from rat liver mitochondria in purified form. The molecular weight determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis is approximately 9500, and the isoelectric point is 8.9. (2) The pr... | [
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PMID:7296 | [Photosensitization of consitutents of nucleic acids by proflavine. Mechanism of formation of hydrogen addition radicals in frozen aquenous solutions (author's transl)]. | It is shown that the insertion of nucleotides between proflavine molecules is favourable to photosensitization. Furthermore (1) each molecule of proflavine gives at the most one free radical in the substrate, (2) the chromophore is largely restored when oxygen is not present, (3) superoxide radicals are observed in the... | [Photosensitization of consitutents of nucleic acids by proflavine. Mechanism of formation of hydrogen addition radicals in frozen aquenous solutions (author's transl)]. It is shown that the insertion of nucleotides between proflavine molecules is favourable to photosensitization. Furthermore (1) each molecule of profl... | [
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PMID:7297 | NADPH/NADP+ ratios in photosynthesizing reconstituted chloroplasts. | Levels of reduced and oxidized triphosphopyridine nucleotides have been determined in reconstituted spinach chloroplasts and compared with levels in whole isolated chloroplasts during photosynthesis and darkness. The ratio of NADPH/NADP+ reaches values slightly above 1.0 at the beginning of photosynthesis, less than ha... | NADPH/NADP+ ratios in photosynthesizing reconstituted chloroplasts. Levels of reduced and oxidized triphosphopyridine nucleotides have been determined in reconstituted spinach chloroplasts and compared with levels in whole isolated chloroplasts during photosynthesis and darkness. The ratio of NADPH/NADP+ reaches values... | [
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PMID:7298 | Long-term regulation by theophylline of fatty acid synthetase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase and lipid synthesis in cultured glial cells. | The long-term regulation of fatty acid synthetase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase and of fatty acid and sterol synthesis was studied in C-6 glial cells in culture. When theophylline (10(-3) M) was added to the culture medium of these cells, rates of lipid synthesis from acetate and activities of synthetase and carboxylase b... | Long-term regulation by theophylline of fatty acid synthetase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase and lipid synthesis in cultured glial cells. The long-term regulation of fatty acid synthetase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase and of fatty acid and sterol synthesis was studied in C-6 glial cells in culture. When theophylline (10(-3) M) w... | [
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PMID:7299 | Involvement of a single hydroxylase species in the hydroxylation of palmitate at the omega-1, omega-2 and omega-3 positions by a preparation from Bacillus megaterium. | A soluble enzyme preparation from Bacillus megaterium, requiring NADPH and O2 for activity and containing ferredoxin-replaceable and cytochrome P-450-type components, was previously shown to catalyze the conversion of palmitic acid to an isomeric mixture of omega-1, omega-2 and omega-3 hydroxypalmitate. It has now been... | Involvement of a single hydroxylase species in the hydroxylation of palmitate at the omega-1, omega-2 and omega-3 positions by a preparation from Bacillus megaterium. A soluble enzyme preparation from Bacillus megaterium, requiring NADPH and O2 for activity and containing ferredoxin-replaceable and cytochrome P-450-typ... | [
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PMID:7300 | Purification and properties of two lipases from pig adipose tissue. | Two lipases were purified from pig adipose tissue after delipidation by a mild and effective procedure using mixtures of chloroform and butanol. This was followed by hydrophobic adsorption chromatography on aminohexyl-Sepharose 4B coupled with octanoic acid, gel filtration on Sephadex G-100, and isoelectric focusing. T... | Purification and properties of two lipases from pig adipose tissue. Two lipases were purified from pig adipose tissue after delipidation by a mild and effective procedure using mixtures of chloroform and butanol. This was followed by hydrophobic adsorption chromatography on aminohexyl-Sepharose 4B coupled with octanoic... | [
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PMID:7301 | Estrogen biosynthesis and 1beta-hydroxylation using C19 and 19-nor steroid precursors. | (1) In order to study the relationship between aromatization (estrogen biosynthesis) and 1beta-hydroxylation, the effects of a variety of factors on these processes were evaluated. (2) Using the C18 substrate, 4-estrene-3,17-dione, it was found that carbon monoxide, SU-4885, amphenone B, potassium cyanide, 4-androstene... | Estrogen biosynthesis and 1beta-hydroxylation using C19 and 19-nor steroid precursors. (1) In order to study the relationship between aromatization (estrogen biosynthesis) and 1beta-hydroxylation, the effects of a variety of factors on these processes were evaluated. (2) Using the C18 substrate, 4-estrene-3,17-dione, i... | [
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PMID:7302 | A sulfonolipid and novel glucosamidyl glycolipids from the extreme thermoacidophile Bacillus acidocaldarius. | The total lipid content of the extreme thermoacidophile Bacillus acidocaldarius comprises about 8.1% of the cell dry weight. Total lipid had a distribution of 15.7% neutral linique component initially characterized as an N-acylglucosamine beta-linked to the primary hydroxyl of an unusual fully saturated pentacyclic tri... | A sulfonolipid and novel glucosamidyl glycolipids from the extreme thermoacidophile Bacillus acidocaldarius. The total lipid content of the extreme thermoacidophile Bacillus acidocaldarius comprises about 8.1% of the cell dry weight. Total lipid had a distribution of 15.7% neutral linique component initially characteri... | [
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PMID:7303 | A 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxy pentane-substituted pentacyclic triterpene from Bacillus acidocaldarius. | A long-chained polyalcohol (polyol) was isolated from the glycolipid fraction of the extreme thermoacidophile Bacillus acidocaldarius. The polyol and its Smith degradation products, as well as the alkanes derived from these compounds were characterized by mobility on thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatography, and by inf... | A 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxy pentane-substituted pentacyclic triterpene from Bacillus acidocaldarius. A long-chained polyalcohol (polyol) was isolated from the glycolipid fraction of the extreme thermoacidophile Bacillus acidocaldarius. The polyol and its Smith degradation products, as well as the alkanes derived from these ... | [
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PMID:7304 | An investigation of an unusual histidyl residue in Escherichia coli B L-asparaginase through fluorescence quenching. | The tryptophanyl fluorescence of Escherichia coli B L-asparaginase is partially quenched by the protonated form of a base with pKa 6.0 at 25 degrees C, mu = 0.1. This base has been identified as a histidyl residue through the effect of ionic strength and solvent polarity on the pKa. In addition diethylpyrocarbonate whi... | An investigation of an unusual histidyl residue in Escherichia coli B L-asparaginase through fluorescence quenching. The tryptophanyl fluorescence of Escherichia coli B L-asparaginase is partially quenched by the protonated form of a base with pKa 6.0 at 25 degrees C, mu = 0.1. This base has been identified as a histid... | [
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PMID:7305 | Studies on camel hemoglobin. 1. Physico-chemical properties and some structural aspects of camel hemoglobin (Camelus dromedarius). | Hemoglobin from an adult camel (Camelus dromedarius) was prepared from the red cell lysate by CM- and DEAE-cellulose chromatography. The purified hemoglobin showed a lesser mobility on starch gel electrophoresis at pH 8.5 than that of human hemoglobin C. Native camel hemoglobin contains 95-99% alkali-resistant hemoglob... | Studies on camel hemoglobin. 1. Physico-chemical properties and some structural aspects of camel hemoglobin (Camelus dromedarius). Hemoglobin from an adult camel (Camelus dromedarius) was prepared from the red cell lysate by CM- and DEAE-cellulose chromatography. The purified hemoglobin showed a lesser mobility on star... | [
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PMID:7306 | Magnetic circular dichroism of myoglobin-thiolate complexes. | Various complexes of myoglobin (Mb) with thiolate were studied by use of magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectroscopy. 1. MetMb-ethyl, n-propyl and isopropylmercaptan complexes offered MCD spectra similar to that of cytochrome P-450 (P-450) with respect to shape and intensity ratio of Soret MCD to Q0-0 MCD. The MCD s... | Magnetic circular dichroism of myoglobin-thiolate complexes. Various complexes of myoglobin (Mb) with thiolate were studied by use of magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectroscopy. 1. MetMb-ethyl, n-propyl and isopropylmercaptan complexes offered MCD spectra similar to that of cytochrome P-450 (P-450) with respect to ... | [
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PMID:7307 | Structural features of luliberin (luteinising hormone-releasing factor) inferred from fluorescence measurements. | The fluorescence and excitation spectra of luliberin (luteinizing hormone-releasing factor) in 0.005 M aqueous ammonium acetate are identical in shape to those of N-acetyltryptophan amide and are related to the indole side chain of Trp3. The change of fluoresecence intensity of luliberin with pH was measured in the ran... | Structural features of luliberin (luteinising hormone-releasing factor) inferred from fluorescence measurements. The fluorescence and excitation spectra of luliberin (luteinizing hormone-releasing factor) in 0.005 M aqueous ammonium acetate are identical in shape to those of N-acetyltryptophan amide and are related to ... | [
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PMID:7308 | Non-heme iron proteins. The amino acid sequence of rubredoxin from Desulfovibrio vulgaris. | A non-heme iron protein, rubredoxin has been isolated from the sulfate-reducing bacterium, Desulfovibrio vulgaris, strain Hildenborough. The complete amino acid sequence has been established. The 52 amino acid residues of the protein were aligned with the aid of tryptic and chymotryptic peptides and of a fragment produ... | Non-heme iron proteins. The amino acid sequence of rubredoxin from Desulfovibrio vulgaris. A non-heme iron protein, rubredoxin has been isolated from the sulfate-reducing bacterium, Desulfovibrio vulgaris, strain Hildenborough. The complete amino acid sequence has been established. The 52 amino acid residues of the pro... | [
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PMID:7309 | The dissociation of human deoxyhemoglobin and mixed state hemoglobin into monomer. | The experimental hybridizations between fully deoxygenated human and canine hemoglobins and between half-ligated human hemoglobin and canine cyanomethemoglobin show that new two hybrids in addition to the parent hemoglobins were clearly formed in the mixtures at the high concentration of KI. Thus, human deoxyhemoglobin... | The dissociation of human deoxyhemoglobin and mixed state hemoglobin into monomer. The experimental hybridizations between fully deoxygenated human and canine hemoglobins and between half-ligated human hemoglobin and canine cyanomethemoglobin show that new two hybrids in addition to the parent hemoglobins were clearly ... | [
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PMID:7310 | The interaction of riboflavin with a protein isolated from hen's egg white: a spectrofluorimetric study. | The interaction of riboflavin with a protein isolated from egg white has been studied spectrofluorimetrically at different pH values. In 0.1 M phosphate buffer pH 7.0; 1:1 complex formation occurs with the association constant Ka = 7.7-10(7) M-1. In the presence of 0.033% sodium dodecyl sulphate, the complex dissociate... | The interaction of riboflavin with a protein isolated from hen's egg white: a spectrofluorimetric study. The interaction of riboflavin with a protein isolated from egg white has been studied spectrofluorimetrically at different pH values. In 0.1 M phosphate buffer pH 7.0; 1:1 complex formation occurs with the associati... | [
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PMID:7311 | Histamine (H2) receptor-adenylate cyclase system in pig skin (epidermis). | Histamine activated adenylate cyclase in pig skin (epidermal) slices, resulting in the accumulation of cyclic AMP. This effect was highly potentiated by the addition of cyclic AMP-phosphodiesterase inhibitors (theophylline, papaverine). A specific H2 receptor inhibitor (metiamide) inhibited the effect of histamine comp... | Histamine (H2) receptor-adenylate cyclase system in pig skin (epidermis). Histamine activated adenylate cyclase in pig skin (epidermal) slices, resulting in the accumulation of cyclic AMP. This effect was highly potentiated by the addition of cyclic AMP-phosphodiesterase inhibitors (theophylline, papaverine). A specifi... | [
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PMID:7312 | Ammonia production by the small intestine of the rat. | 1. Slices of duodenum and jejunum produce ammonia from glutamine in vitro. 2. Ammoniagenesis does not increase in response to acidosis or potassium deficiency, two conditions known to cause enhanced ammoniagenesis in the kidney. 3. Gut contains glutaminase 1 as well as gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. 4. These enzymes do... | Ammonia production by the small intestine of the rat. 1. Slices of duodenum and jejunum produce ammonia from glutamine in vitro. 2. Ammoniagenesis does not increase in response to acidosis or potassium deficiency, two conditions known to cause enhanced ammoniagenesis in the kidney. 3. Gut contains glutaminase 1 as well... | [
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PMID:7313 | pH dependence of 13C-15N coupling constants of highly 14N-enriched amino acids isolated from mass cultivation of algae. | The alga Ankistrodesmus braunii was grown with [14N]nitrate under optimized conditions of a large-scale mass cultivation. 19.7% of the dried algae were isolated as a mixture of amino acids. The 15N-labelled amino acids (15N content up to 98%) were separated by ion exchange chromatography using pyridine acetate gradient... | pH dependence of 13C-15N coupling constants of highly 14N-enriched amino acids isolated from mass cultivation of algae. The alga Ankistrodesmus braunii was grown with [14N]nitrate under optimized conditions of a large-scale mass cultivation. 19.7% of the dried algae were isolated as a mixture of amino acids. The 15N-la... | [
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PMID:7314 | Secondary kinase reactions catalyzed by yeast pyruvate kinase. | 1. Yeast pyruvate kinase (EC 2.7.1.40) catalyzes, in addition to the primary, physiologically important reaction, three secondary kinase reactions, the ATP-dependent phosphorylations of fluoride (fluorokinase), hydroxylamine (hydroxylamine kinase) and glycolate (glycolate kinase). 2. These reactions are accelerated by ... | Secondary kinase reactions catalyzed by yeast pyruvate kinase. 1. Yeast pyruvate kinase (EC 2.7.1.40) catalyzes, in addition to the primary, physiologically important reaction, three secondary kinase reactions, the ATP-dependent phosphorylations of fluoride (fluorokinase), hydroxylamine (hydroxylamine kinase) and glyco... | [
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... |
PMID:7315 | The proton transfer reactions catalyzed by yeast pyruvate kinase. | 1. The proton-transfer reactions of yeast pyruvate kinase (EC 2.7.1.40) were studied. Proton-transfer from C-3 of phosphoenolpyruvate to water occurs only in the presence of the phosphoryl-acceptor ADP. Proton transfer from C-3 of pyruvate to water occurs only in the presence of ATP. However, the proton transfer in the... | The proton transfer reactions catalyzed by yeast pyruvate kinase. 1. The proton-transfer reactions of yeast pyruvate kinase (EC 2.7.1.40) were studied. Proton-transfer from C-3 of phosphoenolpyruvate to water occurs only in the presence of the phosphoryl-acceptor ADP. Proton transfer from C-3 of pyruvate to water occur... | [
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PMID:7316 | Importance of SH groups in catalysis by bovine brain acid phosphatase. | The rate of inactivation of acid phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.2) from bovine brain by dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (Nbs2) is identical to the rate of titration of one of the two SH groups of this enzyme. The rate of inactivation of the enzyme by Nbs2 is pH dependent and, at 300 mM NaCl, can be described by the reaction of ... | Importance of SH groups in catalysis by bovine brain acid phosphatase. The rate of inactivation of acid phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.2) from bovine brain by dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (Nbs2) is identical to the rate of titration of one of the two SH groups of this enzyme. The rate of inactivation of the enzyme by Nbs2 is... | [
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PMID:7317 | Guanylate cyclase. Existence of different forms and their regulation by nucleotides in calf uterus. | The activity of calf uterus guanylate cyclase (EC 4.6.1.2) exists in at least two and most probably three distinct forms. The cytosolic enzyme exhibits hyperbolic substrate curves with respect to GTP and Mn2+, while the particulate cyclases (nuclear and microsomal)display sigmoidal (GTP) and hyperbolic (Mn2+) relations... | Guanylate cyclase. Existence of different forms and their regulation by nucleotides in calf uterus. The activity of calf uterus guanylate cyclase (EC 4.6.1.2) exists in at least two and most probably three distinct forms. The cytosolic enzyme exhibits hyperbolic substrate curves with respect to GTP and Mn2+, while the ... | [
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PMID:7318 | Properties of highly purified lysyl oxidase from embryonic chick cartilage. | Lysyl oxidase the enzyme which oxidately deaminates lysine residues in collagen and elastin, was purified from embryonic chick cartialge by employing an affinity column of lathyritic rat skin collagen coupled to Sepharose, followed by separation on DEAE-cellulose. An enzyme preparation was obtained which was pure as sh... | Properties of highly purified lysyl oxidase from embryonic chick cartilage. Lysyl oxidase the enzyme which oxidately deaminates lysine residues in collagen and elastin, was purified from embryonic chick cartialge by employing an affinity column of lathyritic rat skin collagen coupled to Sepharose, followed by separatio... | [
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PMID:7319 | Oxidation of sarcosine and N-alkyl derivatives of glycine by D-amino-acid oxidase. | 1. Sarcosine was oxidized by D-amino-acid oxidase (D-amino-acid: O2 oxidoreductase (deaminating), EC 1.4.3.3) to yield methylamine and glyoxylic acid. A seriies of N-alkyl glycines were also oxidized by this enzyme. 2. N-Acetyl- and N-Phenylglycine inhibited the oxidase by competing with the substrate, while N-methyl-N... | Oxidation of sarcosine and N-alkyl derivatives of glycine by D-amino-acid oxidase. 1. Sarcosine was oxidized by D-amino-acid oxidase (D-amino-acid: O2 oxidoreductase (deaminating), EC 1.4.3.3) to yield methylamine and glyoxylic acid. A seriies of N-alkyl glycines were also oxidized by this enzyme. 2. N-Acetyl- and N-Ph... | [
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PMID:7320 | Factors affecting the ADP/O ratio in isolated chloroplasts. | (1) The effect of gradual disruption of the outer membrane of intact chloroplasts on CO2 fixation, electron transport and phosphorylation was investigated. The results suggested that whilst ferricyanide and substrate amounts of ADP enter intact chloroplasts only very slowly, methyl viologen rapidly penetrates the outer... | Factors affecting the ADP/O ratio in isolated chloroplasts. (1) The effect of gradual disruption of the outer membrane of intact chloroplasts on CO2 fixation, electron transport and phosphorylation was investigated. The results suggested that whilst ferricyanide and substrate amounts of ADP enter intact chloroplasts on... | [
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PMID:7321 | Photosynthesis in a reconstituted chloroplast system from spinach. Some factors affecting CO2-dependent oxygen evolution with fructose-1,6-bisphosphate as substrate. | When envelope-free spinach chloroplasts are incubated with stromal protein, catalytic NADP, catalytic ADP, radioactive bicarbonate and fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, 14CO2 fixation starts immediately upon illumination but oxygen evolution is delayed. The delay is increased by the addition of fructose 6-phosphate and by a v... | Photosynthesis in a reconstituted chloroplast system from spinach. Some factors affecting CO2-dependent oxygen evolution with fructose-1,6-bisphosphate as substrate. When envelope-free spinach chloroplasts are incubated with stromal protein, catalytic NADP, catalytic ADP, radioactive bicarbonate and fructose 1,6-bispho... | [
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PMID:7322 | Light-driven proton translocations in Halobacterium halobium. | The purple membrane of Halobacterium halobium acts as a light-driven proton pump, ejecting protons from the cell interior into the medium and generating electrochemical proton gradient across the cell membrane. However, the type response of cells to light as measured with a pH electrode in the medium consists of an ini... | Light-driven proton translocations in Halobacterium halobium. The purple membrane of Halobacterium halobium acts as a light-driven proton pump, ejecting protons from the cell interior into the medium and generating electrochemical proton gradient across the cell membrane. However, the type response of cells to light as... | [
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PMID:7323 | Primary reactions of photosystem II at low pH. 2. Light-induced changes of absorbance and electron spin resonance in spinach chloroplasts. | The effects of lowering the pH on Photosystem II has been studied by measuring changes in absorbance and electron spin resonance in spinach chloroplasts. At pH values around 4 a light-induced dark-reversible chlorophyll oxidation by Photosystem II was observed. This chlorophyll is presumably the primary electron donor ... | Primary reactions of photosystem II at low pH. 2. Light-induced changes of absorbance and electron spin resonance in spinach chloroplasts. The effects of lowering the pH on Photosystem II has been studied by measuring changes in absorbance and electron spin resonance in spinach chloroplasts. At pH values around 4 a lig... | [
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PMID:7324 | Ca++ binding properties of human prothrombin. | The binding of Ca++ to human prothrombin has been investigated by equilibrium dialysis. The protein exhibited a positive cooperativity phenomenon for the first three Ca++ bound. Eleven to twelve Ca++ binding sites have been found. They could be differentiated in terms of two classes of sites with respect to their Ca++ ... | Ca++ binding properties of human prothrombin. The binding of Ca++ to human prothrombin has been investigated by equilibrium dialysis. The protein exhibited a positive cooperativity phenomenon for the first three Ca++ bound. Eleven to twelve Ca++ binding sites have been found. They could be differentiated in terms of tw... | [
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PMID:7325 | Structure-volume relationships in hemoglobin. A densitometric and dilatometric study of the oxy leads to deoxy transformation. | Partial volume measurements have been performed for human hemoglobin, both on the oxygenated and deoxygenated forms. Density measurements (by pycnometry) give vHbO2 = 0.752 +/- 0.002 and vHb =0.753 +/- 0.006 for the partial specific volume and do not distinguish between the two different structures. Differential measur... | Structure-volume relationships in hemoglobin. A densitometric and dilatometric study of the oxy leads to deoxy transformation. Partial volume measurements have been performed for human hemoglobin, both on the oxygenated and deoxygenated forms. Density measurements (by pycnometry) give vHbO2 = 0.752 +/- 0.002 and vHb =0... | [
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PMID:7326 | Thermodynamics of hexokinase catalyzed reactions. II. Measurement and calculation of enthalpies of reaction as a function of magnesium ion concentration. | Enthalpies of phosphorylation of glucose by adenosine 5'-triphosphate have been measured as a function of concentrations of magnesium chloride in TRIS/TRIS-HCl buffer in the pH range 8.64 to 8.98. These measurements are compared with the results of calculations of these enthalpies that use a coupled equilibrium formali... | Thermodynamics of hexokinase catalyzed reactions. II. Measurement and calculation of enthalpies of reaction as a function of magnesium ion concentration. Enthalpies of phosphorylation of glucose by adenosine 5'-triphosphate have been measured as a function of concentrations of magnesium chloride in TRIS/TRIS-HCl buffer... | [
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PMID:7327 | The influence of organic phosphates on the Bohr effect of human hemoglobin valency hybrids. | The Bohr effect of hemoglobin and that of the aquomet and cyanomet valency hybrids was measured in the presence and the absence of IHP (inositol hexaphosphate) and DPG (2,3-diphosphoglycerate). In the absence of these organic phosphates the four hybrids show similar, but suppressed Bohr effects as compared to hemoglobi... | The influence of organic phosphates on the Bohr effect of human hemoglobin valency hybrids. The Bohr effect of hemoglobin and that of the aquomet and cyanomet valency hybrids was measured in the presence and the absence of IHP (inositol hexaphosphate) and DPG (2,3-diphosphoglycerate). In the absence of these organic ph... | [
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PMID:7328 | [Effect of blocking the neuronal and extraneuronal uptake of bioamines on the adrenosensitizing action of tricyclic antidepressants]. | Tests conducted on isolated and denervated preparations of the rat seminal duct brought evidence that tricyclic antidepressants (melipromine, noverile and azaphen) when employed in low concentrations (1-10(-9) g/ml) produced an adrenosensitizing effect. Denervation with the subsequent block by desoxycorticosterone (1-1... | [Effect of blocking the neuronal and extraneuronal uptake of bioamines on the adrenosensitizing action of tricyclic antidepressants]. Tests conducted on isolated and denervated preparations of the rat seminal duct brought evidence that tricyclic antidepressants (melipromine, noverile and azaphen) when employed in low c... | [
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PMID:7329 | [Capability of lymphocytes, stimulated in vitro with phytohemagglutinins to accomplish the graft versus host reaction]. | Lymph node cells from CBA mice cultivated in the presence of PHA for 2 hours proved to be more potent, and for 44 hours--less potent as compared with normal non-cultivated cells in their capacity to realize the GVHR after injection to sublethally irradiated (CBAXC57BL) F1 recipients. Syngeneic or killed allogeneic lymp... | [Capability of lymphocytes, stimulated in vitro with phytohemagglutinins to accomplish the graft versus host reaction]. Lymph node cells from CBA mice cultivated in the presence of PHA for 2 hours proved to be more potent, and for 44 hours--less potent as compared with normal non-cultivated cells in their capacity to r... | [
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PMID:7334 | Selectivity of beta-adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists on bronchial, skeletal, vascular and cardiac muscle in the anaesthetized cat. | 1 The potencies of fifteen beta-adrenoceptor agonists of widely differing chemical structures were compared with that of (-)-isoprenaline on bronchial muscle, soleus muscle, blood pressure and heart rate in the anaesthetized cat. The beta-adrenoceptor antagonist potencies of propranolol and practolol were determined ag... | Selectivity of beta-adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists on bronchial, skeletal, vascular and cardiac muscle in the anaesthetized cat. 1 The potencies of fifteen beta-adrenoceptor agonists of widely differing chemical structures were compared with that of (-)-isoprenaline on bronchial muscle, soleus muscle, blood pres... | [
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PMID:7332 | A method of continuous recording on microsamples of the Hb-O2 association curve. I. Technique and direct registration of standard results. | A modified technique for continuous recording of the Hb-O2 association curve for blood samples is proposed. The following alterations to the classical method of Duvelleroy et al. (5) were studied and validated: 1) dilution of blood micro-samples (200-400 mul) to 10 ml of a buffered phosphate solution; 2) use of a (CO2,... | A method of continuous recording on microsamples of the Hb-O2 association curve. I. Technique and direct registration of standard results. A modified technique for continuous recording of the Hb-O2 association curve for blood samples is proposed. The following alterations to the classical method of Duvelleroy et al. (5... | [
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PMID:7335 | Blockade by burimamide of the restorative effect of histamine in tetrodotoxin-treated heart preparations. | 1 In isolated heart preparations in which fast sodium channels were blocked by tetrodotoxin (2-4 x 10(-5) M), excitability was restored by histamine (6 x 10(-6) M to 10(-5) M). 2 This effect was antagonized by EDTA (2 X 10(-6) M),D600 compound (0.5mug/ml) and the H2-receptor antagonist, burimamide(2 X 10(-4) M). | Blockade by burimamide of the restorative effect of histamine in tetrodotoxin-treated heart preparations. 1 In isolated heart preparations in which fast sodium channels were blocked by tetrodotoxin (2-4 x 10(-5) M), excitability was restored by histamine (6 x 10(-6) M to 10(-5) M). 2 This effect was antagonized by EDTA... | [
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PMID:7336 | Investigations to characterize a new anti-arrhythmic drug, ORG 6001 including a simple test for calcium antagonism. | 1 The compound Org 6001 (3alpha-amino-2beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-17-one hydrochloride) was found in recent experiments to exhibit anti-arrhythmic activity. Evidence is presented in this paper concerning its mode of action. 2 Org 6001 was 1.8 times more potent than procaine as a local anaesthetic on desheathed frog ... | Investigations to characterize a new anti-arrhythmic drug, ORG 6001 including a simple test for calcium antagonism. 1 The compound Org 6001 (3alpha-amino-2beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-17-one hydrochloride) was found in recent experiments to exhibit anti-arrhythmic activity. Evidence is presented in this paper concerni... | [
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PMID:7333 | [A method of continuous recording on microsamples of the Hb-O2 association curve. II. A study of Bohr effect and carbamino-formation (author's transl)]. | The authors have worked out an adaptation to microsamples (200-400 mul) of the DUVELLEROY et al. method, allowing the continous registration of the O2-Hb association curve. The microsample being diluted in buffer solution, it is possible to predetermine its pH and PCO2. The prefixed conditions are maintained during the... | [A method of continuous recording on microsamples of the Hb-O2 association curve. II. A study of Bohr effect and carbamino-formation (author's transl)]. The authors have worked out an adaptation to microsamples (200-400 mul) of the DUVELLEROY et al. method, allowing the continous registration of the O2-Hb association c... | [
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PMID:7337 | The effects of pentobarbitone and pethidine on foetal breathing movements in sheep. | 1 Small doses of pentobarbitone (4 mg/kg i.v.) administered to sheep in the last third of pregancy had little overt effect on the mothers. In the foetus they caused arrest of breathing movements, an alteration in the character of the electrocorticogram and cardiovascular changes which varied with gestational age. 2 In ... | The effects of pentobarbitone and pethidine on foetal breathing movements in sheep. 1 Small doses of pentobarbitone (4 mg/kg i.v.) administered to sheep in the last third of pregancy had little overt effect on the mothers. In the foetus they caused arrest of breathing movements, an alteration in the character of the el... | [
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PMID:7342 | Comparison of antihypertensive activity of beta-blocking drugs during chronic treatment. | The hypotensive activity of five beta-adrenoceptor antagonists with different ancillary pharmacological properties was compared in a randomised double-blind factorial trial in 25 untreated patients with stable, uncomplicated essential hypertension. In doses that produced similar reductions in exercise tachycardia all d... | Comparison of antihypertensive activity of beta-blocking drugs during chronic treatment. The hypotensive activity of five beta-adrenoceptor antagonists with different ancillary pharmacological properties was compared in a randomised double-blind factorial trial in 25 untreated patients with stable, uncomplicated essent... | [
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PMID:7347 | Pain as a major cause of postoperative nausea. | The incidence of nausea in relation to pain was recorded in 104 patients after abdominal operations. Ten per cent of the patients had episodes of nausea not related to pain. One hundred and fourteen episodes of concomitant pain and nausea were recorded in 61 patients (58.6 per cent). The intravenous injection of morphi... | Pain as a major cause of postoperative nausea. The incidence of nausea in relation to pain was recorded in 104 patients after abdominal operations. Ten per cent of the patients had episodes of nausea not related to pain. One hundred and fourteen episodes of concomitant pain and nausea were recorded in 61 patients (58.6... | [
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PMID:7352 | Radiation-induced xerostomia in cancer patients. Effect on salivary and serum electrolytes. | Saliva and serum electrolyte concentrations were monitored in 30 patients given a course of xerostomia-producing cancer radiotherapy. The mean flow rate of stimulated whole saliva decreased 83.3% during a 6-week treatment period. The striking reduction in saliva output was accompanied by significant increases in saliva... | Radiation-induced xerostomia in cancer patients. Effect on salivary and serum electrolytes. Saliva and serum electrolyte concentrations were monitored in 30 patients given a course of xerostomia-producing cancer radiotherapy. The mean flow rate of stimulated whole saliva decreased 83.3% during a 6-week treatment period... | [
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PMID:7353 | Models for depolymerizing enzymes: criteria for discrimination of models. | Several models for the action of alpha amylase have been proposed to account for the nonrandom distribution of oligosaccharides in the amylase digests of polysaccharides. The preferred-attack model attempts to account for the nonrandom distribution by assuming that the probability for bond cleavage depends upon the pos... | Models for depolymerizing enzymes: criteria for discrimination of models. Several models for the action of alpha amylase have been proposed to account for the nonrandom distribution of oligosaccharides in the amylase digests of polysaccharides. The preferred-attack model attempts to account for the nonrandom distributi... | [
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PMID:7355 | Effects of angiographic contrast media on sino-atrial nodal function. | Injection of meglumine diatrizoate (Renografin-76) into the selectively perfused sinus node artery of the dog produces bradycardia which is unaltered by autonomic blockade or by changes in sinus node artery pressure. Contrast agents and other hyperosmolar substances prolong the R-R interval in proportion to their osmol... | Effects of angiographic contrast media on sino-atrial nodal function. Injection of meglumine diatrizoate (Renografin-76) into the selectively perfused sinus node artery of the dog produces bradycardia which is unaltered by autonomic blockade or by changes in sinus node artery pressure. Contrast agents and other hyperos... | [
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PMID:7357 | The form and function of cnidarian spirocysts. 2. Ultrastructure of the capsule tip and wall and mechanism of discharge. | The electron-dense capsule tip (apical cap) of sea anemone and coral spirocysts is of a different structure than the capsule wall. The capsule wall is composed of a double layer of fiber-like materials which cross each other at roughly right angles. The innermost layer is characterized by numerous serrations, the tips ... | The form and function of cnidarian spirocysts. 2. Ultrastructure of the capsule tip and wall and mechanism of discharge. The electron-dense capsule tip (apical cap) of sea anemone and coral spirocysts is of a different structure than the capsule wall. The capsule wall is composed of a double layer of fiber-like materia... | [
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PMID:7364 | Differential reaction of cell membrane phospholipids and proteins with chemical probes. | The major aims of this study were to determine the degree of phospholipid asymmetry and the neighbor analysis of phospholipids in different types of cell membranes. For this study a penetrating probe (FDNB), a non-penetrating probe (TNBS) and a cross-linking probe (DFDNB) were used. The reaction of hemoglobin, membrane... | Differential reaction of cell membrane phospholipids and proteins with chemical probes. The major aims of this study were to determine the degree of phospholipid asymmetry and the neighbor analysis of phospholipids in different types of cell membranes. For this study a penetrating probe (FDNB), a non-penetrating probe ... | [
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PMID:7367 | Simplified, totally enzymatic method for determination of serum triglycerides with a centrifugal analyzer. | We describe a totally enzymatic method for determination of serum triglycerides (triacylglycerols) specifically adaptable to the CentrifiChem system. The method involves lipolysis with lipase from Rhizopus arrhizus alone and quantitation of the resulting glycerol with glycerol dehydrogenase in a kinetic, fixed-time mod... | Simplified, totally enzymatic method for determination of serum triglycerides with a centrifugal analyzer. We describe a totally enzymatic method for determination of serum triglycerides (triacylglycerols) specifically adaptable to the CentrifiChem system. The method involves lipolysis with lipase from Rhizopus arrhizu... | [
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PMID:7368 | Measuring water content of feces by the Karl Fischer method. | We describe a technique for measuring the water content of stools by the Karl Fischer method. The analysis is based on removal of water into a mixture of methanol/chloroform (1/2), after dispersion of the stool by sonication in presence of solvent. An aliquot of the solution thus obtained is placed in themeasuring cell... | Measuring water content of feces by the Karl Fischer method. We describe a technique for measuring the water content of stools by the Karl Fischer method. The analysis is based on removal of water into a mixture of methanol/chloroform (1/2), after dispersion of the stool by sonication in presence of solvent. An aliquot... | [
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PMID:7369 | Stability and precision of a new ampuled quality-control system for pH and blood-gas measurements. | We describe an evaluation of the in-use stability and short-term precision of a three-level ampuled quality-control system for monitoring pH, pCO2, and pO2 measurements on clinical blood-gas analyzers. In three hospital laboratories, 324 such ampuls were opened and allowed to stand with their contents exposed to atmosp... | Stability and precision of a new ampuled quality-control system for pH and blood-gas measurements. We describe an evaluation of the in-use stability and short-term precision of a three-level ampuled quality-control system for monitoring pH, pCO2, and pO2 measurements on clinical blood-gas analyzers. In three hospital l... | [
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0.01140... |
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