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PMID:13203 | Intracellular pH of single crustacean muscle fibres by the DMO and electrode methods during acid and alkaline conditions. | 1. The intracellular pH of intact single muscle fibres of the giant barnacle was measured directly with a glass micro-electrode following prolonged (2-5 hr) equilibration in one of three solutions: normal Ringer, CO2 Ringer and NH4+ Ringer. 2. The intracellular pH of identically-prepared fibres from the same specimen w... | Intracellular pH of single crustacean muscle fibres by the DMO and electrode methods during acid and alkaline conditions. 1. The intracellular pH of intact single muscle fibres of the giant barnacle was measured directly with a glass micro-electrode following prolonged (2-5 hr) equilibration in one of three solutions: ... | [
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PMID:13204 | Chloride transport in human erythrocytes and ghosts: a quantitative comparison. | 1. Homogeneous preparations of resealed ghosts with intracellular KCl concentrations between 15 and 900 mM could be prepared. Virtually all ghosts sealed to chloride. The chloride transport system was found not to be damaged: a quantitative comparison of the self-exchange of 36Cl- across intact and resealed membranes s... | Chloride transport in human erythrocytes and ghosts: a quantitative comparison. 1. Homogeneous preparations of resealed ghosts with intracellular KCl concentrations between 15 and 900 mM could be prepared. Virtually all ghosts sealed to chloride. The chloride transport system was found not to be damaged: a quantitative... | [
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PMID:13205 | Direct measurement of the intracellular pH of mammalian cardiac muscle. | 1. The intracellular pH (pHi) of sheep heart Purkinje fibres and rat, ferret and guinea-pig ventricle has been measured using recessed-tip pH-sensitive micro-electrodes. 2. In the absence of CO2 the pHi was approximately 7-2 in all the preparations used. In 5% CO2 the mean pHi was 7-14 in rat and ferret ventricle and 7... | Direct measurement of the intracellular pH of mammalian cardiac muscle. 1. The intracellular pH (pHi) of sheep heart Purkinje fibres and rat, ferret and guinea-pig ventricle has been measured using recessed-tip pH-sensitive micro-electrodes. 2. In the absence of CO2 the pHi was approximately 7-2 in all the preparations... | [
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PMID:13210 | [Dietary protein level and circadian variation of enzyme activities for glucose metabolism and lipogenesis in male rats (author's transl)]. | One hundred and seven Wistar rats, 8 weeks old and weighing 180-200 g, were housed under conditions of controlled temperature (22 plus or minus 2 degrees) and lighting (light on from 07:00 to 19:00). They were divided into 2 groups and fed diets containing either 15 per cent cas-protein for 23 days. Food consumption wa... | [Dietary protein level and circadian variation of enzyme activities for glucose metabolism and lipogenesis in male rats (author's transl)]. One hundred and seven Wistar rats, 8 weeks old and weighing 180-200 g, were housed under conditions of controlled temperature (22 plus or minus 2 degrees) and lighting (light on fr... | [
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PMID:13214 | Studies on antianaphylactic agents. 5. Synthesis of 3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)chromones, a new series of antiallergic substances. | A number of 3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)chromones were synthesized and found to have antiallergic activity in the rat passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) test. These compounds are active when administered orally in rats and of possible value for the treatment of asthma. | Studies on antianaphylactic agents. 5. Synthesis of 3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)chromones, a new series of antiallergic substances. A number of 3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)chromones were synthesized and found to have antiallergic activity in the rat passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) test. These compounds are active when administered... | [
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PMID:13215 | Use of distribution coefficients in quantitative structure-activity relationships. | The use of distribution coefficients (log D) for the analysis of structure-activity relationships of ionizable compounds is described. (D is the ratio of the equilibrium concentration of compound in an organic phase to the total concentration of un-ionized and ionized species in the aqueous phase at a given pH.) Simple... | Use of distribution coefficients in quantitative structure-activity relationships. The use of distribution coefficients (log D) for the analysis of structure-activity relationships of ionizable compounds is described. (D is the ratio of the equilibrium concentration of compound in an organic phase to the total concentr... | [
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PMID:13216 | 5,11-dimethyl-2,9-bis(phenylacetyl)-5,11-diazatetracyclo[6.2.2.0(2,7).0(4,9)]dodecane, a potent, novel analgesic. | 5,11-Dimethyl-2,9-bis(phenylacetyl)-5,11-diazatetracyclo[6.2.2.0(2,7)90(4,9)]dodecane (2a) has been found to be a potent narcotic analgesic of unusual structure. All of the analgesic activity was attributable to the levorotatory isomer 2b which was approximately three times as potent as morphine in the rat. Removal of ... | 5,11-dimethyl-2,9-bis(phenylacetyl)-5,11-diazatetracyclo[6.2.2.0(2,7).0(4,9)]dodecane, a potent, novel analgesic. 5,11-Dimethyl-2,9-bis(phenylacetyl)-5,11-diazatetracyclo[6.2.2.0(2,7)90(4,9)]dodecane (2a) has been found to be a potent narcotic analgesic of unusual structure. All of the analgesic activity was attributab... | [
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PMID:13217 | Ergoline congeners as potential inhibitors of prolactin release. 3. Derivatives of 3-phenylpiperidine. | In a continuation of our attempts to elucidate the prolactin release inhibiting pharmacophore within the ergoline structure, we have prepared several derivatives of 3-phenylpiperidine. These congeners have been evaluated for inhibition of prolactin release in vivo and are for the most part inactive. | Ergoline congeners as potential inhibitors of prolactin release. 3. Derivatives of 3-phenylpiperidine. In a continuation of our attempts to elucidate the prolactin release inhibiting pharmacophore within the ergoline structure, we have prepared several derivatives of 3-phenylpiperidine. These congeners have been evalua... | [
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PMID:13218 | Esters of 4-[3-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenothiazin-10-yl]propyl]-1-piperazieneethanol and related compounds as long-acting antipsychotic agents. Synthesis of the 1-adamantoate, the first crystalline base. | A number of new esters of fluphenazine are described: among these was the 1-adamantoate, 1h, the first highly crystalline ester of that drug. The 1-adamantoate of pipotiazine, 2b, typically, was an oil. Following a single subcutaneous or intramuscular injection of 25 mg/kg of either 1h or 2b, dissolved in sesame oil, e... | Esters of 4-[3-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenothiazin-10-yl]propyl]-1-piperazieneethanol and related compounds as long-acting antipsychotic agents. Synthesis of the 1-adamantoate, the first crystalline base. A number of new esters of fluphenazine are described: among these was the 1-adamantoate, 1h, the first highly crystall... | [
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PMID:13219 | Relationships between opiate receptor binding and analgetic properties of prodine-type compounds. | The receptor binding affinities of some diastereoisomeric prodine analgoues have been compared with their analgetic activities determined by the hot-plate test in mice. The close correlation found between these potencies indicates that the relative analgetic activities of the alpha/beta isomers are determined primarily... | Relationships between opiate receptor binding and analgetic properties of prodine-type compounds. The receptor binding affinities of some diastereoisomeric prodine analgoues have been compared with their analgetic activities determined by the hot-plate test in mice. The close correlation found between these potencies i... | [
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PMID:13221 | Electrochemical potential of protons in vesicles reconstituted from purified, proton-translocating adenosine triphosphatase. | Measurements were made of the difference in the electrochemical potential of protons (delta-mu H+) across the membrane of vesicles restituted from the ATPase complex (TF0.F1) purified from a thermophilic bacterium and P-lipids. Two fluorescent dyes, anilinonaphthalene sulfonate (ANS) and 9-aminoacridine (9AA) were used... | Electrochemical potential of protons in vesicles reconstituted from purified, proton-translocating adenosine triphosphatase. Measurements were made of the difference in the electrochemical potential of protons (delta-mu H+) across the membrane of vesicles restituted from the ATPase complex (TF0.F1) purified from a ther... | [
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PMID:13222 | Electrical hemolysis of human and bovine red blood cells. | The external electric field strength required for electrical hemolysis of human red blood cells depends sensitively on the composition of the external medium. In isotonic NaCl und KCl solutions the onset of electrical hemolysis is observed at 4 kV per cm and 50 per cent hemolysis at 6 kV per cm, whereas increasing conc... | Electrical hemolysis of human and bovine red blood cells. The external electric field strength required for electrical hemolysis of human red blood cells depends sensitively on the composition of the external medium. In isotonic NaCl und KCl solutions the onset of electrical hemolysis is observed at 4 kV per cm and 50 ... | [
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PMID:13223 | Effects of parathyroid hormone on H+ and NH+4 excretion in toad urinary bladder. | The urinary bladder of Bufo marinus excretes H+ and NH+4, and the H+ excretion is increased after the animal is placed in metabolic acidosis. The present study was done to determine if parathyroid hormone could stimulate the bladder to increase the excretion of H+ and/or NH+4. Parathyroid hormone added to the serosal s... | Effects of parathyroid hormone on H+ and NH+4 excretion in toad urinary bladder. The urinary bladder of Bufo marinus excretes H+ and NH+4, and the H+ excretion is increased after the animal is placed in metabolic acidosis. The present study was done to determine if parathyroid hormone could stimulate the bladder to inc... | [
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PMID:13225 | The possible role of solid surface area in condensation reactions during chemical evolution: reevaluation. | Published data on adsorption and condensation of amino acids, purine and pyrimidine bases, sugars, nucleosides, and nucleotides are analyzed in connection with Bernal's hypothesis that clays and other minerals may have provided the most likely surface for adsorption and condensation of these molecules in prebiotic time... | The possible role of solid surface area in condensation reactions during chemical evolution: reevaluation. Published data on adsorption and condensation of amino acids, purine and pyrimidine bases, sugars, nucleosides, and nucleotides are analyzed in connection with Bernal's hypothesis that clays and other minerals may... | [
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PMID:13226 | Some aspects and implications of coital physiology. | A review of some experiments in human coital physiology in the home setting considers their possible value to the sex therapist. Blood pressure changes are described in normal subjects with reference to their relevance in patients with heart disease or high blood pressure. Respiratory patterns and intravaginal and intr... | Some aspects and implications of coital physiology. A review of some experiments in human coital physiology in the home setting considers their possible value to the sex therapist. Blood pressure changes are described in normal subjects with reference to their relevance in patients with heart disease or high blood pres... | [
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PMID:13227 | Role of endogenous murine leukemia virus in immunologically triggered lymphoreticular tumors. I. Development and use of oncogenic cellfree preparations serially passaged in vivo. | Cellfree extracts (CFEs) prepared from (BALB/cJ X A/J)F1 (CAF1) and (BALB/cJ X C57BL/6J)F1 (CB6F1) mice in which a graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR) has been induced are known to be oncogenic, but only after a protracted latent period (mean, 16 mo). Serial passage of such CFEs in successive generations of syngeneic mic... | Role of endogenous murine leukemia virus in immunologically triggered lymphoreticular tumors. I. Development and use of oncogenic cellfree preparations serially passaged in vivo. Cellfree extracts (CFEs) prepared from (BALB/cJ X A/J)F1 (CAF1) and (BALB/cJ X C57BL/6J)F1 (CB6F1) mice in which a graft-versus-host reaction... | [
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PMID:13228 | Neurotransmission and glial cells: a functional relationship? | The investigations reported here demonstrate high affinity transport systems localized in glial cells which appear to be specific for amino acid neurotransmitter candidates. Data on uptake of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate, glycine, and taurine, show transport systems with KT'S in the range of 10(-5) M. In a... | Neurotransmission and glial cells: a functional relationship? The investigations reported here demonstrate high affinity transport systems localized in glial cells which appear to be specific for amino acid neurotransmitter candidates. Data on uptake of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate, glycine, and taurine, s... | [
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PMID:13229 | Role of the pneumococcal autolysin (murein hydrolase) in the release of progeny bacteriophage and in the bacteriophage-induced lysis of the host cells. | The pneumococcal bacteriophage Dp-1 seems to require the activity of the N-acetylmuramic acid-L-alanine amidase of the host bacterium for the liberation of phage progeny into the medium. This conclusion is based on a series of observations indicating that the exit of progeny phage particles is prevented by conditions t... | Role of the pneumococcal autolysin (murein hydrolase) in the release of progeny bacteriophage and in the bacteriophage-induced lysis of the host cells. The pneumococcal bacteriophage Dp-1 seems to require the activity of the N-acetylmuramic acid-L-alanine amidase of the host bacterium for the liberation of phage progen... | [
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PMID:13230 | Prazosin-new hypertensive agent. A double-blind crossover study in the treatment of hypertension. | Prazosin hydrochloride, a new antihypertensive agent, is said to be of mild-to-moderate potency when used as a sole agent in mild-to-moderate hypertension and when used in conjunction with other agents in severe hypertension. In our study of 14 patients comparing hydrochlorothiazide with prazosin, the antigypertensive ... | Prazosin-new hypertensive agent. A double-blind crossover study in the treatment of hypertension. Prazosin hydrochloride, a new antihypertensive agent, is said to be of mild-to-moderate potency when used as a sole agent in mild-to-moderate hypertension and when used in conjunction with other agents in severe hypertensi... | [
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PMID:13231 | Hemodialysis in methyprylon overdose. Some pharmacokinetic considerations. | Serial measurements of serum methyprylon concentration were made in the case of a 14-year-old girl who ingested an overdose of the drug. Our data indicate that, in the presence of high plasma levels of the drug, much longer half-lives than the usually reported four hours may be observed. It is postulated that saturatio... | Hemodialysis in methyprylon overdose. Some pharmacokinetic considerations. Serial measurements of serum methyprylon concentration were made in the case of a 14-year-old girl who ingested an overdose of the drug. Our data indicate that, in the presence of high plasma levels of the drug, much longer half-lives than the u... | [
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PMID:13234 | Effects of subcutaneously administered adrenaline on human eccrine sweating, with special reference to the physiological significance of the adrenergic sweating mechanism. | The effects of a small dose (3-6 mug/kg) of subcutaneously administered adrenaline on thermal sweating were studied while subjects were at rest and during or after excerise by means of continuous monitoring by resistance hygrometry of the sweat rate in the forearm area. In most cases, the sweat rate either decreased or... | Effects of subcutaneously administered adrenaline on human eccrine sweating, with special reference to the physiological significance of the adrenergic sweating mechanism. The effects of a small dose (3-6 mug/kg) of subcutaneously administered adrenaline on thermal sweating were studied while subjects were at rest and ... | [
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PMID:13235 | Jimson seed poisoning-- a new hallucinogen on the horizon. | Of 27 patients with Jimson seed poisoning recently treated in the University of Cincinnati Medical Center, 15 were admitted to the hospital, while 12 were treated and released. The patients ranged in age from 13 to 21. The dose was between 2 gm and 25 gm. Time from ingestion to arrival in the emergency department avera... | Jimson seed poisoning-- a new hallucinogen on the horizon. Of 27 patients with Jimson seed poisoning recently treated in the University of Cincinnati Medical Center, 15 were admitted to the hospital, while 12 were treated and released. The patients ranged in age from 13 to 21. The dose was between 2 gm and 25 gm. Time ... | [
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PMID:13236 | [Use of beta-stimulators in chronic ischemic heart disease with complete atrioventricular block complicated by congestive circulatory insufficiency]. | In 23 patients with full atrioventricular block and congestive heart failure developing against the background of chronic ischaemic heart disease Isuprel was injected intravenously at a speed of 1 to 3 muG/min. A positive chronotropic effect of the drug was observed and attributed to the dose employed. Isuprel produced... | [Use of beta-stimulators in chronic ischemic heart disease with complete atrioventricular block complicated by congestive circulatory insufficiency]. In 23 patients with full atrioventricular block and congestive heart failure developing against the background of chronic ischaemic heart disease Isuprel was injected int... | [
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PMID:13237 | Isolation and characterization of uricine from uric acid stones. | Uricine was found to be present in all uric acid stones tested, although another physiochemically related pigment was occasionally present. Uricine is of low molecular weight (28.2) and a preliminary analysis of its structure suggests that it is formed by two pyrrolic rings. It is a yellow pigment whose color is pH-dep... | Isolation and characterization of uricine from uric acid stones. Uricine was found to be present in all uric acid stones tested, although another physiochemically related pigment was occasionally present. Uricine is of low molecular weight (28.2) and a preliminary analysis of its structure suggests that it is formed by... | [
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PMID:13240 | [The influence of plasma protein binding on distribution and pharmacological activity of tranquilizers of the benzodiazepine group (author's transl)]. | This paper discusses the problem if the plasma protein binding of benzodiazepine derivatives can influence distribution and pharmacological activity of the drugs. The distribution of the benzodiazepines in the organism is influenced not only by the plasma protein binding of the drugs, but also by several other factors,... | [The influence of plasma protein binding on distribution and pharmacological activity of tranquilizers of the benzodiazepine group (author's transl)]. This paper discusses the problem if the plasma protein binding of benzodiazepine derivatives can influence distribution and pharmacological activity of the drugs. The di... | [
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PMID:13248 | Reoperations for myocardial revascularization. | Reoperations solely for myocardial revascularization were performed in 219 consecutive patients (1967 to 1975). Indications were (1) graft failure, 46 (21 per cent); (2) progressive atherosclerosis, 42 (19 per cent); (3) incomplete revascularization, 39 (18 per cent); and (4) combinations, 92 (42 per cent). Primary ope... | Reoperations for myocardial revascularization. Reoperations solely for myocardial revascularization were performed in 219 consecutive patients (1967 to 1975). Indications were (1) graft failure, 46 (21 per cent); (2) progressive atherosclerosis, 42 (19 per cent); (3) incomplete revascularization, 39 (18 per cent); and ... | [
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PMID:13244 | [Relationship of the content of carboxyhemoglobin in the blood and of carbon monoxide in the expired air of test subjects to the CO concentration in the air of a hermetic chamber]. | Four manned experiments (4 test subjects participating in each) were carried out in a chamber of 24 m3. The effect of CO at a concentration of 10 to 45 mg/m3 on the content of carboxyhemoglobin in the blood, nonhemoglobin iron in the plasma, CO in the breathing air, catalase and peroxidase activity was studied. A corre... | [Relationship of the content of carboxyhemoglobin in the blood and of carbon monoxide in the expired air of test subjects to the CO concentration in the air of a hermetic chamber]. Four manned experiments (4 test subjects participating in each) were carried out in a chamber of 24 m3. The effect of CO at a concentration... | [
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PMID:13246 | [Study of the possibility of utilizing the transpired mositure condensate from sweet potato for growing plants in biological life support systems]. | The effect of nonpurified condensate obtained during prolonged cultivation of batata in a sealed chamber upon batata cuttings and seedlings of garden cress, radish and Chinese cabbage was studied. It was shown that nonpurified condensate produced an inhibitory effect on the formation of roots in batata cuttings and on ... | [Study of the possibility of utilizing the transpired mositure condensate from sweet potato for growing plants in biological life support systems]. The effect of nonpurified condensate obtained during prolonged cultivation of batata in a sealed chamber upon batata cuttings and seedlings of garden cress, radish and Chin... | [
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PMID:13247 | [Hygienic evaluation of experimental samples of antimicrobial underwear containing hexachlorophene]. | The hygienic examination of 12 samples of knitted underwear which contained hexachlorophene added during fiber formation allowed the selection of four types that can be used under poor sanitation conditions. Taking into consideration possible changes in the proportion of various micoorganisms during prolonged space fli... | [Hygienic evaluation of experimental samples of antimicrobial underwear containing hexachlorophene]. The hygienic examination of 12 samples of knitted underwear which contained hexachlorophene added during fiber formation allowed the selection of four types that can be used under poor sanitation conditions. Taking into... | [
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PMID:13245 | [Assessment of the quality of relcaimed water by total organic carbon]. | The paper discusses possible application of the method of measuring the total content of organic carbon to evaluate the quality or reclaimed water. The paper gives data on the content of organic carbon, ratio of chemical consumption of oxygen and carbon in the atmospheric condensate, urine, condensate of urine low-temp... | [Assessment of the quality of relcaimed water by total organic carbon]. The paper discusses possible application of the method of measuring the total content of organic carbon to evaluate the quality or reclaimed water. The paper gives data on the content of organic carbon, ratio of chemical consumption of oxygen and c... | [
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PMID:13249 | A multiple-parameter comparison of immunocompetence and tumor resistance in aged BALB/c mice. | Several parameters of cell-mediated and humoral immunity were measured in young-adult and aged BALB/c mice and compared with resistance to the ascites form of intraperitoneal induced P815 mastocytoma. It was found that the age-related decline of in vitro phytohemagglutinin (PHA) responsiveness by spleen cells approxima... | A multiple-parameter comparison of immunocompetence and tumor resistance in aged BALB/c mice. Several parameters of cell-mediated and humoral immunity were measured in young-adult and aged BALB/c mice and compared with resistance to the ascites form of intraperitoneal induced P815 mastocytoma. It was found that the age... | [
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PMID:13260 | Hyperlipoproteinemia, diabetes, and oxygen affinity of hemoglobin. | Oxyhemoglobin dissociation curves (ODC) were performed on blood from diabetic and nondiabetic subjects with and without hypertriglyceridemia. P50 at in vivo pH was slightly lower than normal in normolipemic diabetics (25.7 versus 26.6 mmHg, p less than 0.05), in spite of increased red cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate concen... | Hyperlipoproteinemia, diabetes, and oxygen affinity of hemoglobin. Oxyhemoglobin dissociation curves (ODC) were performed on blood from diabetic and nondiabetic subjects with and without hypertriglyceridemia. P50 at in vivo pH was slightly lower than normal in normolipemic diabetics (25.7 versus 26.6 mmHg, p less than ... | [
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PMID:13261 | Effects on the diet on brain neurotransmitters. | The synthesis of neurotransmitters in mammalian brain responds rapidly to changes in precursor availability. Serotonin synthesis depends largely on the brain concentrations of L-tryptophan, its precursor amino aicd. This relationship appears to be physiologic: when brain tryptophan levels vary because of insulin secret... | Effects on the diet on brain neurotransmitters. The synthesis of neurotransmitters in mammalian brain responds rapidly to changes in precursor availability. Serotonin synthesis depends largely on the brain concentrations of L-tryptophan, its precursor amino aicd. This relationship appears to be physiologic: when brain ... | [
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PMID:13262 | Heritable catabolic and anabolic disorders of lipid metabolism. | The principal manifestations and metabolic defects in ten heritable disorders of lipid metabolism are discussed. Facile procedures have been developed for the diagnosis of patients with these conditions, the identification of heterozygous carriers, and the prenatal detection of any of these diseases. Enzyme replacement... | Heritable catabolic and anabolic disorders of lipid metabolism. The principal manifestations and metabolic defects in ten heritable disorders of lipid metabolism are discussed. Facile procedures have been developed for the diagnosis of patients with these conditions, the identification of heterozygous carriers, and the... | [
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PMID:13273 | [Transitional state of Candida utilis chemostat culture after shock caused by a low pH value of the medium during 1 generation]. | Transitional states of Candida utilis BKM Y-1668 were found during its growth in conditions of chemostat at D of 0.1 hr(-1) and glycerol limit after a shock caused by an extreme pH value (2.2). The optical density of the cells, the amount of dry biomass and protein, the activity of respiration, the content of ATP, and ... | [Transitional state of Candida utilis chemostat culture after shock caused by a low pH value of the medium during 1 generation]. Transitional states of Candida utilis BKM Y-1668 were found during its growth in conditions of chemostat at D of 0.1 hr(-1) and glycerol limit after a shock caused by an extreme pH value (2.2... | [
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PMID:13274 | [Chitinase of Bacillus thuringiensis]. | Strains of Bacillus thuringiensis were shown to hydrolyse various forms of chitin around growing colonies on a solid medium. In conditions of submerged cultivation on a medium containing demineralized crab shells, Bac. thuringiensis var. caucasicus INMI Arm. 837 manifests the chitinolytic activity at the beginning of t... | [Chitinase of Bacillus thuringiensis]. Strains of Bacillus thuringiensis were shown to hydrolyse various forms of chitin around growing colonies on a solid medium. In conditions of submerged cultivation on a medium containing demineralized crab shells, Bac. thuringiensis var. caucasicus INMI Arm. 837 manifests the chit... | [
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PMID:13291 | Two membrane sites for DNA synthesis in Pneumococcus. | A DNA membrane fraction extracted from pneumococci can be separated into two subfractions with respect to macromolecular composition and DNA synthesis by centrifugation in a 30-60% w/v neutral sucrose gradient. Each fraction can be rebanded in a sucrose gradient or centrifuged to equilibrium in a CsCl density gradient ... | Two membrane sites for DNA synthesis in Pneumococcus. A DNA membrane fraction extracted from pneumococci can be separated into two subfractions with respect to macromolecular composition and DNA synthesis by centrifugation in a 30-60% w/v neutral sucrose gradient. Each fraction can be rebanded in a sucrose gradient or ... | [
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PMID:13292 | Biochemical, genetic, and regulatory studies of alanine catabolism in Escherichia coli K12. | E. coli K12 was found to utilise both D-and L-stereoisomers of alanine as sole sources of carbon, nitrogen and energy for growth. This capability was absolutely dependent upon the possession of an active membrane-bound D-alanine dehydrogenase, and was lost by mutants in which the enzyme was defective. The Michaelis con... | Biochemical, genetic, and regulatory studies of alanine catabolism in Escherichia coli K12. E. coli K12 was found to utilise both D-and L-stereoisomers of alanine as sole sources of carbon, nitrogen and energy for growth. This capability was absolutely dependent upon the possession of an active membrane-bound D-alanine... | [
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PMID:13298 | [Treatment of ischemic heart disease with "coronary drugs" (author's transl)]. | The standard treatment of ischemic heart disease consists in the administration of nitrates and beta-sympathicolytic agents. Calcium antagonists are likewise promising. They should be used particularly if beta-sympathicolytic agents are contraindicated. In the beginning special caution should be exercised on combining ... | [Treatment of ischemic heart disease with "coronary drugs" (author's transl)]. The standard treatment of ischemic heart disease consists in the administration of nitrates and beta-sympathicolytic agents. Calcium antagonists are likewise promising. They should be used particularly if beta-sympathicolytic agents are cont... | [
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PMID:13304 | Lytic enzymes in the autolysis of filamentous fungi. | The degrees of autolysis attained by five different genera of filamentous fungi during an incubation period of 60 days, under the same culture conditions were: 87.3% for Penicillium oxalicum; 65.9% for Neurospora crassa; 62.7% for Polystictus versicolor; 51.7% for Aspergillus niger and 23.5% for Nectria galligena. N. c... | Lytic enzymes in the autolysis of filamentous fungi. The degrees of autolysis attained by five different genera of filamentous fungi during an incubation period of 60 days, under the same culture conditions were: 87.3% for Penicillium oxalicum; 65.9% for Neurospora crassa; 62.7% for Polystictus versicolor; 51.7% for As... | [
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PMID:13305 | Methylation and aging in Rhizoctonia solani. | Our earlier studies had shown that as fungi age, many of their vital functions decrease; in Rhizoctonia solani, protein synthesis is one of the functions so affected. We now find that the ability to methylate tRNA, a vital component of the protein synthesizing system, also decreases with age. This methylation of Escher... | Methylation and aging in Rhizoctonia solani. Our earlier studies had shown that as fungi age, many of their vital functions decrease; in Rhizoctonia solani, protein synthesis is one of the functions so affected. We now find that the ability to methylate tRNA, a vital component of the protein synthesizing system, also d... | [
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PMID:13306 | Development of Chronomers for narcotic antagonists. | The object of this program is to prepare a bioerodable naltrexone delivery system which can be implanted subcataneously in human and which can relieve the narcotic antagonist over 1-6 months at relatively constant and sufficient rates to block the euphoric effect of morphine based drugs. The system is composed of naltr... | Development of Chronomers for narcotic antagonists. The object of this program is to prepare a bioerodable naltrexone delivery system which can be implanted subcataneously in human and which can relieve the narcotic antagonist over 1-6 months at relatively constant and sufficient rates to block the euphoric effect of m... | [
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PMID:13310 | Octopamine. | Octopamine is highly concentrated in neurones of several invertebrate species. Unlike in mammals, octopaminergic neurones in invertebrates are spatially separated from catecholaminergic neurons. In identified nerve cells of Aplysia, however, this amine coexists with other putative neurotransmitters. Octopamine is synth... | Octopamine. Octopamine is highly concentrated in neurones of several invertebrate species. Unlike in mammals, octopaminergic neurones in invertebrates are spatially separated from catecholaminergic neurons. In identified nerve cells of Aplysia, however, this amine coexists with other putative neurotransmitters. Octopam... | [
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PMID:13311 | Effects of two benzodiazepines, phenobarbitone, and baclofen on synaptic transmission in the cat cuneate nucleus. | The effects of diazepam, flunitrazepam, phenobarbitone and baclofen on excitatory as well as on pre- and postsynaptic inhibitory processes in the cuneate nucleus were studied in decerebrate cats. Afferent presynaptic inhibition in the cuneate nucleus, evoked by volleys in the median nerve, and assessed by the size of t... | Effects of two benzodiazepines, phenobarbitone, and baclofen on synaptic transmission in the cat cuneate nucleus. The effects of diazepam, flunitrazepam, phenobarbitone and baclofen on excitatory as well as on pre- and postsynaptic inhibitory processes in the cuneate nucleus were studied in decerebrate cats. Afferent p... | [
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PMID:13312 | The effect of tris(2-chloroethyl)amine on human hemoglobin. | The reaction of tris(2-chloroethyl)amine (TCEA) with purified hemoglobin and its effect on properties of hemoglobin was studied using 14C-labeled TCEA. Hemoglobin remained soluble after binding as much as 4 TCEA per heme. In concentrations which did not denature hemoglobin TCEA reacted only with a small proportion of t... | The effect of tris(2-chloroethyl)amine on human hemoglobin. The reaction of tris(2-chloroethyl)amine (TCEA) with purified hemoglobin and its effect on properties of hemoglobin was studied using 14C-labeled TCEA. Hemoglobin remained soluble after binding as much as 4 TCEA per heme. In concentrations which did not denatu... | [
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PMID:13313 | Effects of cimetidine on adenylate cyclase activity of guinea pig gastric mucosa stimulated by histamine, sodium fluoride and 5'-guanylylimidodiphosphate. | Cimetidine, a recently developed histamine H2-receptor blocking agent has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of histamine-stimulated gastric acid secretion in rat, cat, dog and man. To study the mode of action of cimetidine the modification of stimulatory effects of histamine, sodium flouride and 5'-guanylylimidodipho... | Effects of cimetidine on adenylate cyclase activity of guinea pig gastric mucosa stimulated by histamine, sodium fluoride and 5'-guanylylimidodiphosphate. Cimetidine, a recently developed histamine H2-receptor blocking agent has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of histamine-stimulated gastric acid secretion in rat, ... | [
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PMID:13314 | Beta-adrenergic receptors in guinea-pig myocardial tissue. | Stereospecific binding sites for (-) [3H]-alprenolol, a beta-adrenergic antagonist, have been identified in guinea-pig myocardial broken cell preparations. The concentration of the sites was 0.3 pmoles per mg of protein and the dissociation constant (at 37 degrees C) 10(-8) M. A close correlation between the ability of... | Beta-adrenergic receptors in guinea-pig myocardial tissue. Stereospecific binding sites for (-) [3H]-alprenolol, a beta-adrenergic antagonist, have been identified in guinea-pig myocardial broken cell preparations. The concentration of the sites was 0.3 pmoles per mg of protein and the dissociation constant (at 37 degr... | [
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PMID:13315 | Dopaminergic neurons: an in vivo system for measuring drug interactions with presynaptic receptors. | An in vivo system has been used to investigate the ability of dopamine agonists and antagonists to alter dopamine synthesis by acting at what appear to be presynaptic dopamine receptors. In order to eliminate postsynaptically induced changes in dopamine synthesis caused by the effects of these drugs on the firing rate ... | Dopaminergic neurons: an in vivo system for measuring drug interactions with presynaptic receptors. An in vivo system has been used to investigate the ability of dopamine agonists and antagonists to alter dopamine synthesis by acting at what appear to be presynaptic dopamine receptors. In order to eliminate postsynapti... | [
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PMID:13316 | Electromechanical studies of an Anemonia sulcata toxin in mammalian cardiac muscle. | 1. In guinea-pig papillary muscles toxin II isolated from the sea anemone Anemonia sulcata (ATX) enhanced the force of contraction without changing the time-to-peak tension. ATX increased the relaxation time. The positive inotropic effect was accompanied by a prolongation in action potential duration. The action potent... | Electromechanical studies of an Anemonia sulcata toxin in mammalian cardiac muscle. 1. In guinea-pig papillary muscles toxin II isolated from the sea anemone Anemonia sulcata (ATX) enhanced the force of contraction without changing the time-to-peak tension. ATX increased the relaxation time. The positive inotropic effe... | [
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PMID:13317 | Analysis of the actions of cimetidine and metiamide on gastric acid secretion in the isolated guinea pig gastric mucosa. | Cumulative dose-response curves for histamine were determined on acid secretion from the isolated guinea pig gastric mucosa. Two H2-receptor antagonists-metiamide and cimetidine-behaved like competitive antagonists to histamine on gastric acid secretion in vitro. The isolated guinea pig gastric mucosa seems to be a sui... | Analysis of the actions of cimetidine and metiamide on gastric acid secretion in the isolated guinea pig gastric mucosa. Cumulative dose-response curves for histamine were determined on acid secretion from the isolated guinea pig gastric mucosa. Two H2-receptor antagonists-metiamide and cimetidine-behaved like competit... | [
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PMID:13321 | [Effect of pH on properties of the cholinoreceptive membrane of snail neurons]. | The influence of pH on acetylcholine (ACh)-induced responses in completely isolated neurons of Lymnaea stagnalis was studied under voltage clapm conditions. The pH drop lead to a decrease in sensitivity of cholinoreceptive membrane; at pH 5.8-6.0 ACh-responses were eliminated completely. When raising the external pH (u... | [Effect of pH on properties of the cholinoreceptive membrane of snail neurons]. The influence of pH on acetylcholine (ACh)-induced responses in completely isolated neurons of Lymnaea stagnalis was studied under voltage clapm conditions. The pH drop lead to a decrease in sensitivity of cholinoreceptive membrane; at pH 5... | [
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PMID:13322 | Immune system to uremia. | Pneumonia [4,9] and septicemia are still the principle causes of the high mortality in acute renal failure. Moreover, according to the EDTA report, 19% of chronic intermittent dialysis patients die from infection [17]. The resulting conclusion, that cellular and humoral immune responses are suppressed in renal insuffic... | Immune system to uremia. Pneumonia [4,9] and septicemia are still the principle causes of the high mortality in acute renal failure. Moreover, according to the EDTA report, 19% of chronic intermittent dialysis patients die from infection [17]. The resulting conclusion, that cellular and humoral immune responses are sup... | [
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PMID:13323 | In vitro release of ACTH from dispersed rat pars intermedia cells. II. Effect of neurotransmitter substances. | Studies were carried out to test the responsiveness of dispersed pars intermedia (PI) cells to a number of neurotransmitter substances known to be present in the PI. These substances were tested over an extended dose range. The catecholamines, adrenaline, noradrenaline, and dopamine inactivated PI ACTH at high concentr... | In vitro release of ACTH from dispersed rat pars intermedia cells. II. Effect of neurotransmitter substances. Studies were carried out to test the responsiveness of dispersed pars intermedia (PI) cells to a number of neurotransmitter substances known to be present in the PI. These substances were tested over an extende... | [
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PMID:13326 | Mental disturbed violent offenders in Sweden. | Among perpetrators of crimes of violence against persons submitted to psychiatric examination, 16 men with severe mental disorder have been examined by standardized psychologic tests and clinical interviews. Objective anamnestic data have been used to assess social background, individual development and onset of mental... | Mental disturbed violent offenders in Sweden. Among perpetrators of crimes of violence against persons submitted to psychiatric examination, 16 men with severe mental disorder have been examined by standardized psychologic tests and clinical interviews. Objective anamnestic data have been used to assess social backgrou... | [
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PMID:13327 | Cerebrospinal fluid changes in experimental cardiopulmonary bypass using hemodilution with glucose water. | Cardiopulmonary bypass using hemodilution with isotonic glucose water was performed on seven dogs. Intense systemic metabolic acidosis, hyponatremia, hypochloremia, and hyperglycemia were accompanied by only comparatively small changes in the corresponding cerebrospinal fluid values. The data suggested that in the pres... | Cerebrospinal fluid changes in experimental cardiopulmonary bypass using hemodilution with glucose water. Cardiopulmonary bypass using hemodilution with isotonic glucose water was performed on seven dogs. Intense systemic metabolic acidosis, hyponatremia, hypochloremia, and hyperglycemia were accompanied by only compar... | [
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PMID:13333 | The association of umbilical cord complications and variable decelerations with acid-base findings. | Variable decelerations during the last 2 hours of labor were associated with an abnormally positioned umbilical cord at delivery in 52% of cases. In cases where an abnormally positioned umbilical cord was seen at delivery, 89% had been preceded by variable decelerations. Cord compression resulted in an A-V difference i... | The association of umbilical cord complications and variable decelerations with acid-base findings. Variable decelerations during the last 2 hours of labor were associated with an abnormally positioned umbilical cord at delivery in 52% of cases. In cases where an abnormally positioned umbilical cord was seen at deliver... | [
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PMID:13336 | Dental management of patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation for aplastic anemia. | Acquired aplastic anemia is a rare hematologic disease characterized by a hypoplastic bone marrow and peripheral pnacytopenia. In severe cases, where conservative medical management has been unsuccessful, bone marrow transplantation is now being performed. Between the years 1971 and 1975, twenty-two patients with sever... | Dental management of patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation for aplastic anemia. Acquired aplastic anemia is a rare hematologic disease characterized by a hypoplastic bone marrow and peripheral pnacytopenia. In severe cases, where conservative medical management has been unsuccessful, bone marrow transplantati... | [
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PMID:13337 | Hormone production in ovarian carcinomas. Histochemical approach in stroma reaction. | Enzymatically active stromal cells (EASC) in different ovarian tumors are concerned with hormon production. 198 cases of ovarian tumors were investigated by different histochemical methods. Distribution of lactate-and glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase was investigated by plaimetric measurement.--EASC were found in beni... | Hormone production in ovarian carcinomas. Histochemical approach in stroma reaction. Enzymatically active stromal cells (EASC) in different ovarian tumors are concerned with hormon production. 198 cases of ovarian tumors were investigated by different histochemical methods. Distribution of lactate-and glucose-6-phospha... | [
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PMID:13339 | Preponderance of beta adrenergic receptors in the gastric fundus of the rat. | There are two kinds of adrenergic receptors in rat fundus (stomach), the alpha receptors are stimulated with adrenaline and noradrenaline and can be blocked effectively with azapetine and the beta receptors are stimulated with isoprenaline and adrenaline and can be blocked effectively with propranolol. Adrenaline, nora... | Preponderance of beta adrenergic receptors in the gastric fundus of the rat. There are two kinds of adrenergic receptors in rat fundus (stomach), the alpha receptors are stimulated with adrenaline and noradrenaline and can be blocked effectively with azapetine and the beta receptors are stimulated with isoprenaline and... | [
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PMID:13340 | Methods in coccidiosis research: separation of oocysts from faeces. | Factors which may be important in the large-scale extraction of coccidial oocysts from faeces ha.ve been investigated with Eimeria tenella. Age of bird, inoculum, feeding status at the time of inoculation, period of collection, feeding status during collection, collection medium, homogenization and sieving, flotation, ... | Methods in coccidiosis research: separation of oocysts from faeces. Factors which may be important in the large-scale extraction of coccidial oocysts from faeces ha.ve been investigated with Eimeria tenella. Age of bird, inoculum, feeding status at the time of inoculation, period of collection, feeding status during co... | [
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PMID:13341 | [Synovial fluid. Review of international literature from 1972 to 1975 (author's transl)]. | The tremendous increase in the number of articles from the world scientific literature dealing with the synovial fluid in recent years, reflects the growing interest of research on that subject. The current review summarizes the scientific works published during the period of 1972 to 1975. This review deals with fundam... | [Synovial fluid. Review of international literature from 1972 to 1975 (author's transl)]. The tremendous increase in the number of articles from the world scientific literature dealing with the synovial fluid in recent years, reflects the growing interest of research on that subject. The current review summarizes the s... | [
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PMID:13342 | Three group treatments for reduction of speech anxiety among students. | Conditions of group systematic desensitization (n = 8), group flooding (n = 7), and a group discussion-placebo control treatment (n = 4) were employed to reduce anxiety about public-speaking in university students. Three 90-min. sessions were provided. Pre- and posttreatment assessments employed self-report and behavio... | Three group treatments for reduction of speech anxiety among students. Conditions of group systematic desensitization (n = 8), group flooding (n = 7), and a group discussion-placebo control treatment (n = 4) were employed to reduce anxiety about public-speaking in university students. Three 90-min. sessions were provid... | [
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PMID:13343 | Lactate content and pH in muscle obtained after dynamic exercise. | Analyzes were made on muscle samples taken from the lateral part of the m. quadriceps femoris of man (lactate, pyruvate, and pH) on venous blood (lactate, pyruvate) and on capillary blood (pH). Samples were taken at rest, immediately after termination of dynamic exercise and during 20 min recovery from exhaustive dynam... | Lactate content and pH in muscle obtained after dynamic exercise. Analyzes were made on muscle samples taken from the lateral part of the m. quadriceps femoris of man (lactate, pyruvate, and pH) on venous blood (lactate, pyruvate) and on capillary blood (pH). Samples were taken at rest, immediately after termination of... | [
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PMID:13344 | The interstitial pH of the working gastrocnemius muscle of the dog. | In isolated gastrocnemius muscles from 19 dogs the interstitial H+ activity ([H+]int) was measured with bulb-type buffer-filled glass minielectrodes. The muscles were working isotonically and perfused with blood. In addition arterial and venous pH, venous O2 saturation, muscle temperature, and blood flow were meausred ... | The interstitial pH of the working gastrocnemius muscle of the dog. In isolated gastrocnemius muscles from 19 dogs the interstitial H+ activity ([H+]int) was measured with bulb-type buffer-filled glass minielectrodes. The muscles were working isotonically and perfused with blood. In addition arterial and venous pH, ven... | [
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PMID:13346 | Phosphate transfer and tubular pH during renal stopped flow microperfusion experiments in the rat. | The loss of 32P-phosphate salts by the luminal compartment of cortical tubules was studied in control and in acetazolamide-infused rats, during stopped-flow microperfusion with 100 mM phosphate-raffinose solutions. When the initial pH of the perfusion solution was low (5.5), phosphate was lost more rapidly from proxima... | Phosphate transfer and tubular pH during renal stopped flow microperfusion experiments in the rat. The loss of 32P-phosphate salts by the luminal compartment of cortical tubules was studied in control and in acetazolamide-infused rats, during stopped-flow microperfusion with 100 mM phosphate-raffinose solutions. When t... | [
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PMID:13345 | Studies on the lithium transport across the red cell membrane. II. Characterization of ouabain-sensitive and ouabain-insensitive Li+ transport. Effects of bicarbonate and dipyridamole. | In studies on Li+ net-transport across the human red cell membrane following results were obtained: 1. In K+- and Na+-free choline chloride media, Li+ is transported into the erythrocytes against an electrochemical gradient. This Li+ uphill transport as well as Li+ downhill transport into the cells is inhibited by ouab... | Studies on the lithium transport across the red cell membrane. II. Characterization of ouabain-sensitive and ouabain-insensitive Li+ transport. Effects of bicarbonate and dipyridamole. In studies on Li+ net-transport across the human red cell membrane following results were obtained: 1. In K+- and Na+-free choline chlo... | [
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PMID:13347 | The influence on breeding, production, and acid-base balance when mink are fed on acidified feed. | It has been shown, partly in an investigation in which female mink were subject to increasing quantities of acid in their feed, and partly in an investigation of experimental animals which were fed with various concentrations of acid-preserved fishsilage, that there is a marked risk for a change of the acid-base balanc... | The influence on breeding, production, and acid-base balance when mink are fed on acidified feed. It has been shown, partly in an investigation in which female mink were subject to increasing quantities of acid in their feed, and partly in an investigation of experimental animals which were fed with various concentrati... | [
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PMID:13350 | Surface activity of some psychotropic drugs. | Diazepam was found to be the most surface active substance in aqueous solutions, chlorpromazine was less active and the lowest activity was found for haloperidol. The surface activity in blood was similar. The effect of pH on the surface activity of chlorpromazine solutions was observed. | Surface activity of some psychotropic drugs. Diazepam was found to be the most surface active substance in aqueous solutions, chlorpromazine was less active and the lowest activity was found for haloperidol. The surface activity in blood was similar. The effect of pH on the surface activity of chlorpromazine solutions ... | [
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PMID:13351 | Kinetics and mechanism of degradation of some 2-sulfanilamidopyrimidine derivatives. Part 1. Log k--pH profile for sulfadimidine solvolysis. | The degradation of sulfadimidine (SDMP) in the pH range 5-83--10-0, at 403, 411 and 418 K, was investigated by UV spectrophotometry. Semilogarythmic plots (A242--A') vs. time in 0-1 M HCl for the degradation of SDMP in the above pH range were linear. The log k--pH profile constructed from the experimental results serve... | Kinetics and mechanism of degradation of some 2-sulfanilamidopyrimidine derivatives. Part 1. Log k--pH profile for sulfadimidine solvolysis. The degradation of sulfadimidine (SDMP) in the pH range 5-83--10-0, at 403, 411 and 418 K, was investigated by UV spectrophotometry. Semilogarythmic plots (A242--A') vs. time in 0... | [
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PMID:13352 | Kinetics and mechanism of degradation of some 2-sulfanilamidopyrimidine derivatives. Part 2. Log k--pH profile for sulfadimidine autoxidation. | The overall first order rate constants for the reaction of degradation of sulfadimidine (kobs. = kOX+kh) in the presence of the air oxygen were determined from the measurements of absorbance in 0-1 M HCl at 243 nm, using "the feathering technique". The apparent first order rate constants for autoxidation of sulfadimidi... | Kinetics and mechanism of degradation of some 2-sulfanilamidopyrimidine derivatives. Part 2. Log k--pH profile for sulfadimidine autoxidation. The overall first order rate constants for the reaction of degradation of sulfadimidine (kobs. = kOX+kh) in the presence of the air oxygen were determined from the measurements ... | [
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PMID:13348 | Drug-drug interactions among residents in homes for the elderly: a pilot study. | This pilot study investigated epidemiologically the potential for clinically significant drug-drug interactions, a subclass of adverse drug responses, in two homes for the elderly. The agent (drugs), host (residents), and environment (rural and urban nursing homes) in the illness known as drug-drug interaction were stu... | Drug-drug interactions among residents in homes for the elderly: a pilot study. This pilot study investigated epidemiologically the potential for clinically significant drug-drug interactions, a subclass of adverse drug responses, in two homes for the elderly. The agent (drugs), host (residents), and environment (rural... | [
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PMID:13354 | Esophageal reflux. Diagnosis and therapy. | Diagnosis of esophageal reflux often can be made on the basis of the characteristic symptoms of heartburn and regurgitation. When the picture is not so typical, acid reflux testing and esophageal biopsy appear to be the best indicators of esophageal reflux. Medical management is directed toward preventing reflux, neutr... | Esophageal reflux. Diagnosis and therapy. Diagnosis of esophageal reflux often can be made on the basis of the characteristic symptoms of heartburn and regurgitation. When the picture is not so typical, acid reflux testing and esophageal biopsy appear to be the best indicators of esophageal reflux. Medical management i... | [
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PMID:13355 | The effect of beta-adrenoreceptive antagonists on the morbidity and mortality in cardiovascular disease. | The effect is critically reviewed of chronic administration of beta-adrenoreceptor antagonists on morbidity and mortality in angina pectoris and myocardial infarction. There is inconclusive evidence that the abrupt cessation of therapy with these agents may increase morbidity and mortality in angina pectoris. The type ... | The effect of beta-adrenoreceptive antagonists on the morbidity and mortality in cardiovascular disease. The effect is critically reviewed of chronic administration of beta-adrenoreceptor antagonists on morbidity and mortality in angina pectoris and myocardial infarction. There is inconclusive evidence that the abrupt ... | [
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PMID:13356 | Recommending coronary artery surgery: refining judgement through application of new knowledge. | An analysis is made to help decide on the best form of treatment for atherosclerotic coronary disease. Available data on surgical treatment are reviewed with emphasis on prognosis and management of the patient with stable angina. | Recommending coronary artery surgery: refining judgement through application of new knowledge. An analysis is made to help decide on the best form of treatment for atherosclerotic coronary disease. Available data on surgical treatment are reviewed with emphasis on prognosis and management of the patient with stable ang... | [
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PMID:13353 | Correlations between hydrophobicity and non-specific pharmacological effects of beta-adrenoceptor blocking agents. | It was the aim of this study to test whether the non-specific pharmacological activities of the beta-adrenergic blocking drugs can be predicted by estimation of the hydrophobicity of the compounds. Srong correlations were obtained between the octanol buffer partition coefficients and the ability of the drugs to decreas... | Correlations between hydrophobicity and non-specific pharmacological effects of beta-adrenoceptor blocking agents. It was the aim of this study to test whether the non-specific pharmacological activities of the beta-adrenergic blocking drugs can be predicted by estimation of the hydrophobicity of the compounds. Srong c... | [
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PMID:13363 | Rhodopsin in model membranes: charge displacements in interfacial layers. | A model membrane was developed in which interfacial layers of rhodopsin were reoriented onto one side of a thin Teflon film separating two aqueous compartments. Flashes evoked fast photoelectric signals (1 ms) that originated from capacitative charge displacements of oriented rhodopsin upon bleaching. The photoelectric... | Rhodopsin in model membranes: charge displacements in interfacial layers. A model membrane was developed in which interfacial layers of rhodopsin were reoriented onto one side of a thin Teflon film separating two aqueous compartments. Flashes evoked fast photoelectric signals (1 ms) that originated from capacitative ch... | [
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PMID:13359 | [Polyarteritis nodosa with renal agenesis and immunosuppressive treatment]. | A case of a 44 years old man with the unique combination of polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) and the congenital absence of a kidney is presented. The clinical picture consisted of fever, general symptoms, hypertermia, peripheric neuropathy, subcutaneous nodules and renal damage. Laboratory findings included increased WBC, te... | [Polyarteritis nodosa with renal agenesis and immunosuppressive treatment]. A case of a 44 years old man with the unique combination of polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) and the congenital absence of a kidney is presented. The clinical picture consisted of fever, general symptoms, hypertermia, peripheric neuropathy, subcutane... | [
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PMID:13364 | Intramolecular general base-catalyzed ester hydrolyses by the imidazolyl group. | Intramolecular general base catalysis by the imidazolyl group was found in the hydrolyses of endo-5-[4;(5')-imidazolyl]-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-endo-2-yl trans-cinnamate and endo-5-[4'(5')-imidazolyl]bicyclo[2.2.2]oct-endo-2-yl trans-cinnamate in which the imidazolyl and trans-cinnamoyl groups are bound in close proximity t... | Intramolecular general base-catalyzed ester hydrolyses by the imidazolyl group. Intramolecular general base catalysis by the imidazolyl group was found in the hydrolyses of endo-5-[4;(5')-imidazolyl]-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-endo-2-yl trans-cinnamate and endo-5-[4'(5')-imidazolyl]bicyclo[2.2.2]oct-endo-2-yl trans-cinnamate i... | [
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PMID:13365 | 3':5'-cyclic AMP: independent induction of amino acid transport by epinephrine in primary cultures of adult rat liver cells. | Liver cells were obtained from adult rats by a collagenase perfusion technique and cultured as monolayers in serum-free media. Epinephrine and isoproterenol both induced large increases in intracellular adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate (cAMP) within 1-2 min whereas epinephrine (but not isoproterenol) induced 2- to 3-fold ... | 3':5'-cyclic AMP: independent induction of amino acid transport by epinephrine in primary cultures of adult rat liver cells. Liver cells were obtained from adult rats by a collagenase perfusion technique and cultured as monolayers in serum-free media. Epinephrine and isoproterenol both induced large increases in intrac... | [
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PMID:13366 | Antigen-specific nonimmunoglobulin factor that neutralizes xenotropic virus is associated with mouse serum lipoproteins. | A soluble nonimmunoglobulin factor that specifically neutralizes mouse xenotropic C-type virus is found in normal mouse sera. It is stable from pH 2 to neutrality and resists ether extraction, freezing, or brief heating to 100 degrees. It can be separated from immunoglobulins by ultracentrifugation at a density of 1.21... | Antigen-specific nonimmunoglobulin factor that neutralizes xenotropic virus is associated with mouse serum lipoproteins. A soluble nonimmunoglobulin factor that specifically neutralizes mouse xenotropic C-type virus is found in normal mouse sera. It is stable from pH 2 to neutrality and resists ether extraction, freezi... | [
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PMID:13367 | Inhibitors of genetic recombination in pneumococci. | Treatment of transformable pneumococci with DNA-intercalating agents shortly after the uptake of DNA molecules inhibited the appearance of genetic transformants. The same drug treatments applied 20 min after DNA uptake were ineffective. Ethidium bromide, proflavin, daunomycin, actinomycin D, and platinum red were found... | Inhibitors of genetic recombination in pneumococci. Treatment of transformable pneumococci with DNA-intercalating agents shortly after the uptake of DNA molecules inhibited the appearance of genetic transformants. The same drug treatments applied 20 min after DNA uptake were ineffective. Ethidium bromide, proflavin, da... | [
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PMID:13368 | Carcass components at first estrus of rats on high-fat and low-fat diets: body water, protein, and fat. | Carcass analysis data show that weanling rats fed high-fat (HF) and low-fat (LF) diets until the day of first estrus had similar body compositions at estrus, although the HF rats had estrus significantly earlier and at a lighter body weight (P less than 0.01) than the LF-diet rats. Total water as percent of wet weight,... | Carcass components at first estrus of rats on high-fat and low-fat diets: body water, protein, and fat. Carcass analysis data show that weanling rats fed high-fat (HF) and low-fat (LF) diets until the day of first estrus had similar body compositions at estrus, although the HF rats had estrus significantly earlier and ... | [
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PMID:13369 | Extension of longevity in Drosophila mojavensis by environmental ethanol: differences between subraces. | Drosophila mojavensis adults, which breed and feed on necrotic cacti, show an increase in longevity when exposed to atmospheric ethanol. The increase in longevity is accompanied by retention of mature ovarioles and is independent of diet. Differences in longevity among strains from different localities were detected fo... | Extension of longevity in Drosophila mojavensis by environmental ethanol: differences between subraces. Drosophila mojavensis adults, which breed and feed on necrotic cacti, show an increase in longevity when exposed to atmospheric ethanol. The increase in longevity is accompanied by retention of mature ovarioles and i... | [
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PMID:13370 | Reconstitution of native human hemoglobin from separated globin chains and alloplex intermediates. | A complete experimental format is given for the reconstitution of human hemoglobin from the separated heme-free alpha- and beta-globin chains (alpha degrees, beta degrees) and hemin, by two alternative routes. Based on their oxygen binding properties, the reaction of the ferri-forms with reducing agent, and the respons... | Reconstitution of native human hemoglobin from separated globin chains and alloplex intermediates. A complete experimental format is given for the reconstitution of human hemoglobin from the separated heme-free alpha- and beta-globin chains (alpha degrees, beta degrees) and hemin, by two alternative routes. Based on th... | [
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PMID:13371 | Effect of gangliosides and substrate analogues on the hydrolysis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide by choleragen. | Choleragen and its A protomer catalyzed the hydrolysis of NAD to ADP-ribose and nicotinamide. NADase activity was inhibited by gangliosides GM1 (galactosyl-N-acetylgalactosaminyl-[N-acetylneuraminyl]-galactosylglucosylceramide), GM2 (N-acetylgalactosaminyl-[N-acetylneuraminyl]-galactosylglucosylceramide), GM3 (N-acetyl... | Effect of gangliosides and substrate analogues on the hydrolysis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide by choleragen. Choleragen and its A protomer catalyzed the hydrolysis of NAD to ADP-ribose and nicotinamide. NADase activity was inhibited by gangliosides GM1 (galactosyl-N-acetylgalactosaminyl-[N-acetylneuraminyl]-gal... | [
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PMID:13372 | 31P nuclear magnetic resonance studies of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. | High-resolution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectra at 145.7 MHz are reported for intact Ehrlich ascites tumor cells and their perchloric acid extracts. In the extracts it was possible to assign resonances to fructose 1,6-bisphosphates, dihydroxyacetone phosphate, ATP, ADP, AMP, Pi, NAD+, phosphorylcholine, glycero-... | 31P nuclear magnetic resonance studies of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. High-resolution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectra at 145.7 MHz are reported for intact Ehrlich ascites tumor cells and their perchloric acid extracts. In the extracts it was possible to assign resonances to fructose 1,6-bisphosphates, dihydroxy... | [
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PMID:13409 | Influence of three short-chain peptides (alpha-MSH, MSH/ACTH 4-10, MIF-I on) dimensional attention. | Male, albino rats were treated with alpha-MSH, MSH/ACTH 4-10, MIF-I or a diluent control solution and then tested on a visual discrimination problem. Immediately after acquistion of the visual task the animals were tested with a spatial extradimensional shift problem. The animals treated with the MSH/ACTH 4-10 and MIF-... | Influence of three short-chain peptides (alpha-MSH, MSH/ACTH 4-10, MIF-I on) dimensional attention. Male, albino rats were treated with alpha-MSH, MSH/ACTH 4-10, MIF-I or a diluent control solution and then tested on a visual discrimination problem. Immediately after acquistion of the visual task the animals were teste... | [
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PMID:13410 | Investigations on alpha-MSH and MIF-1 effects on cyclic AMP levels in rat brain. | It has been suggested that the peptides alpha-metanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) and MSH-release inhibitory factor (MIF-1) may alter adenosine-3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) metabolism [13,26]. Normal and hypophysectomized (hypoxed) rats were administered saline (controls IP daily X 3), alpha-MSH (80 mug/kg... | Investigations on alpha-MSH and MIF-1 effects on cyclic AMP levels in rat brain. It has been suggested that the peptides alpha-metanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) and MSH-release inhibitory factor (MIF-1) may alter adenosine-3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) metabolism [13,26]. Normal and hypophysectomized (hyp... | [
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PMID:13411 | Possible association of increased rat behavioral effects and increased striatal dopamine and norepinephrine levels during the DOPA-potentiation test. | Previous reports have indicated that alpha-MSH release inhibiting hormone (MIF-1) increased the behavior occurring as a result of the dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) potentiation test [3,7]. This study was undertaken to see whether dopamine (DA) or norepinephrine (NE) levels likewise increased in the test animals. The DO... | Possible association of increased rat behavioral effects and increased striatal dopamine and norepinephrine levels during the DOPA-potentiation test. Previous reports have indicated that alpha-MSH release inhibiting hormone (MIF-1) increased the behavior occurring as a result of the dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) potent... | [
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PMID:13412 | Effects of L-prolyl-L-leucyl-glycine amide (MIF-I) on dopaminergic neurons. | In an attempt to determine the mechanism of action of L-proly-L-leucyl-glycine amide (MIF-I) in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, various parameters of dopaminergic neuronal function were studied in rats. It was found that the active uptake of 3H-dopamine (3H-DA) by synaptosome-rich homogenates of the striatum of r... | Effects of L-prolyl-L-leucyl-glycine amide (MIF-I) on dopaminergic neurons. In an attempt to determine the mechanism of action of L-proly-L-leucyl-glycine amide (MIF-I) in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, various parameters of dopaminergic neuronal function were studied in rats. It was found that the active uptake... | [
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PMID:13413 | Neurochemical responses of mice to ACTH and lysine vasopressin. | Subcutaneous administration of ACTH 1-24 to mice increased the incorporation of [3H]lysine into brain and liver proteins, an effect which resembled that due to footshock. Corticosterone administration did not mimic these effects. ACTH 4-10 increased the [3H]lysine incorporation into brain or liver. These results are co... | Neurochemical responses of mice to ACTH and lysine vasopressin. Subcutaneous administration of ACTH 1-24 to mice increased the incorporation of [3H]lysine into brain and liver proteins, an effect which resembled that due to footshock. Corticosterone administration did not mimic these effects. ACTH 4-10 increased the [3... | [
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PMID:13414 | Peptides readily penetrate the blood-brain barrier: uptake of peptides by synaptosomes is passive. | The intracarotid artery quick injection technique of Oldendorf was utilized to determine the Brain Uptake Index (BUI) of radio-labeled peptides in comparison with 3H2O or 14C-antipyrine as counterlabels. The normalized BUI values for 3H-MIF-I, 3H-alpha-MSH and 14C-AVP were 13.7, 9.6 and 13.0 respectively at 15 sec afte... | Peptides readily penetrate the blood-brain barrier: uptake of peptides by synaptosomes is passive. The intracarotid artery quick injection technique of Oldendorf was utilized to determine the Brain Uptake Index (BUI) of radio-labeled peptides in comparison with 3H2O or 14C-antipyrine as counterlabels. The normalized BU... | [
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PMID:13415 | Neurologically active peptides. | This paper reviews recent evidence that a number of small peptides found in the brain are active in the central nervous system and behaviorally. Attention is focused on MSH/ACTH 4-10, alpha- and beta-MSH, and the prohormone beta-LPH, as they produce a syndrome of yawning and stretching. Studies with substance P and mai... | Neurologically active peptides. This paper reviews recent evidence that a number of small peptides found in the brain are active in the central nervous system and behaviorally. Attention is focused on MSH/ACTH 4-10, alpha- and beta-MSH, and the prohormone beta-LPH, as they produce a syndrome of yawning and stretching. ... | [
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PMID:13416 | Hypothalamic releasing factors: physiological evidence for a regulatory action on central neurons and pathways for their distribution in brain. | Recent observations based on single cell recordings obtained in various areas of the brain indicate that TRH, LH-RH and somatostatin have potent effects on the activity of central neurons. There is also electrophysiological evidence for the existence of a system of hypothalamic tuberoinfundibular neurons with widesprea... | Hypothalamic releasing factors: physiological evidence for a regulatory action on central neurons and pathways for their distribution in brain. Recent observations based on single cell recordings obtained in various areas of the brain indicate that TRH, LH-RH and somatostatin have potent effects on the activity of cent... | [
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... |
PMID:13417 | MIF, TRH, and simian social and motor behavior. | MSH-release-inhibiting factor (MIF) and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) both have been reported to modify mood and activity in man. These two hypothalamic peptides were given intramuscularly across a 1000-fold dose range to 5 juvenile male M. nemestrina monkeys living in a social group. Motor activity was recorded ... | MIF, TRH, and simian social and motor behavior. MSH-release-inhibiting factor (MIF) and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) both have been reported to modify mood and activity in man. These two hypothalamic peptides were given intramuscularly across a 1000-fold dose range to 5 juvenile male M. nemestrina monkeys living... | [
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PMID:13418 | Clinical investigations for emotional effects of neuropeptide hormones. | After the demonstration that hypothalamic peptides can have a direct effect on the central nervous system, a series of studies was initiated to investigate the hypothesis that hypothalamic peptides could have an effect on emotions and affect. TRH was administered to 6 patients with endogenous depressions in a double-bl... | Clinical investigations for emotional effects of neuropeptide hormones. After the demonstration that hypothalamic peptides can have a direct effect on the central nervous system, a series of studies was initiated to investigate the hypothesis that hypothalamic peptides could have an effect on emotions and affect. TRH w... | [
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PMID:13421 | The structure of a spherical plant virus (bromegrass mosaic virus) established by neutron diffraction. | The localization of the RNA in a spherical plant virus is established by neutron diffraction. For BMV, this localization is different at low pH than it is at high pH (swollen virus). | The structure of a spherical plant virus (bromegrass mosaic virus) established by neutron diffraction. The localization of the RNA in a spherical plant virus is established by neutron diffraction. For BMV, this localization is different at low pH than it is at high pH (swollen virus). | [
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... |
PMID:13422 | Assembly of a spherical plant virus. | The conditions previously reported as necessary for the reassembly of spherical viruses have been distinctly unphysiological and such reassembly cannot be related directly to the in vivo reaction. Mild conditions for the in vitro reassembly of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV) from its isolated components have now b... | Assembly of a spherical plant virus. The conditions previously reported as necessary for the reassembly of spherical viruses have been distinctly unphysiological and such reassembly cannot be related directly to the in vivo reaction. Mild conditions for the in vitro reassembly of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV) fr... | [
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PMID:13423 | Nature and specificity of the RNA-protein interaction in the case of the tymoviruses. | Dissociation-reassociation experiments performed with turnip yellow mosaic virus in the presence of various RNAs and polynucleotides were used to investigate the degree of specificity and the contribution of the associated RNA moiety to the stability of TYMV. The results emphasize the importance of strategic cytosine r... | Nature and specificity of the RNA-protein interaction in the case of the tymoviruses. Dissociation-reassociation experiments performed with turnip yellow mosaic virus in the presence of various RNAs and polynucleotides were used to investigate the degree of specificity and the contribution of the associated RNA moiety ... | [
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PMID:13424 | A study of the states of aggregation of alfalfa mosaic virus protein. | The states of aggregation of alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) protein have been characterized by sedimentation velocity experiments and electron microscopy. The main association product is a spherical particle with an s value of about 30S. It is highly likely that the assembly of this particle starts with dimers of the 25000... | A study of the states of aggregation of alfalfa mosaic virus protein. The states of aggregation of alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) protein have been characterized by sedimentation velocity experiments and electron microscopy. The main association product is a spherical particle with an s value of about 30S. It is highly lik... | [
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