id stringlengths 24 24 | type stringclasses 4
values | body stringlengths 13 215 | ideal_answer listlengths 1 12 | exact_answer listlengths 0 44 | snippets listlengths 0 121 | documents listlengths 1 157 | triples listlengths 0 537 | concepts listlengths 0 99 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
51600ab3298dcd4e51000036 | list | Which are the most commonly reported pathological states associated with the formation of DNA G-quadruplexes? | [
"There is a growing recognition for the profound role of G-quadruplexes in a wide spectrum of diseases, such as cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) were recently shown to be caused by expansion of a (GGGGCC)n/(GGCCCC)n repeat in the C9OR... | [
"Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)",
"frontotemporal dementia (FTD)",
"Alzheimer's disease",
"fibrosis",
"acute myeloid leukemia"
] | [
"Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) were recently shown to be caused by expansion of a (GGGGCC)n/(GGCCCC)n repeat in the C9ORF72 gene",
"Myocardial fibrosis is a key pathological change in a variety of heart diseases contributing to the development of heart failure, arrhythmias,... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23264878",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23175609",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18426915",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16652154",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15138591",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22303960",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#definition",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/geneontology/id/GO:0071919",
"o": "\"A DNA metabolic process that results in the formation of G-quadruplex DNA structures, in which groups of four guanines adopt a flat, cyclic Hoogsteen hydrogen-bonding ar... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D054856",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0002151",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0071919",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:5353",
"http://amig... |
56a292ae496b62f23f000001 | yesno | Are shadow enhancers associated with development? | [
"Yes. Critical developmental control genes sometimes contain shadow enhancers that can be located in remote positions, including the introns of neighboring genes"
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Critical developmental control genes sometimes contain \"shadow\" enhancers that can be located in remote positions, including the introns of neighboring genes",
"These results suggest that shadow enhancers represent a novel mechanism of canalization whereby complex developmental processes \"bring about one defi... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20512118",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24055171",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20797865"
] | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0060484",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D041923",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0048541",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D048788",
"http://www.nl... |
53319653d6d3ac6a3400003e | yesno | Does prudent diet reduce cardiovascular risk? | [
"a high adherence to prudent diet is associated with reduced risk of CVD. The adherence to prudent diet was associated to a 28% lower risk of cardiovascular mortality and a 17% lower risk of all-cause mortality in a large cohort of healthy women"
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Using this approach, large prospective studies have reported reductions in CVD risk ranging from 10 to 60% in groups whose diets can be variously classified as ‘Healthy’, ‘Prudent’, Mediterranean’ or ‘DASH compliant’.",
"Our findings suggest that a heart healthy dietary pattern is associated with moderately redu... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14972059",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11493127",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19656644",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9430390",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18574045",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18936332",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:114",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012306",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012307",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exa... |
56cae40b5795f9a73e000022 | yesno | Is Crohn's disease (CD) linked to the consumption of refrigerated food? | [
"All findings point to refrigeration as a potential risk factor for Crohn's disease. Environmental risk factors playing a causative role in Crohn's Disease (CD) remain largely unknown. Recently, it has been suggested that refrigerated food could be involved in disease development. Patients were exposed earlier than... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Environmental risk factors playing a causative role in Crohn's Disease (CD) remain largely unknown. Recently, it has been suggested that refrigerated food could be involved in disease development.",
"This study supports the opinion that CD is associated with exposure to domestic refrigeration, among other househ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14683664",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19177167",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16059694",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/61441",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23444276"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012034",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D003424",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:4",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact... |
56c1f000ef6e394741000037 | list | Which drugs are included in TAS-102? | [
"TAS-102 is a novel oral nucleoside antitumor agent consisting of trifluridine and tipiracil hydrochloride at a molar ratio of 1:0.5."
] | [
"trifluridine",
"tipiracil"
] | [
"PURPOSE: Trifluridine (TFT) is an antitumor component of a novel nucleoside antitumor agent, TAS-102, which consists of TFT and tipiracil hydrochloride (thymidine phosphorylase inhibitor).",
"TAS-102, a combination of trifluorothymidine and the thymidine phosphorylase inhibitor TPI in a 1:0.5 ratio, is a novel o... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26557901",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26084259",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25776904",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25256052",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25230742",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25750295"
] | [] | [] |
52f21e8f2059c6d71c00000c | factoid | What is the most probable defect underlying triple negative breast cancer? | [
"The most probable defect underlying triple negative breast cancer is BRCA1 dysfunction."
] | [
"BRCA1 dysfunction"
] | [
"We have previously reported an array comparative genomic hybridization profile that identifies triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC), with BRCA1 dysfunction",
"BRCA1-like status was assessed in 101 patients with early-stage TNBC receiving adjuvant cyclophosphamide-based chemotherapy.",
"Sixty-six tumors (65%) ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22357256"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D064726",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:0060078",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:0060076",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D061325",
"h... |
56c036afef6e394741000019 | summary | What causes erucism? | [
"Erucism is defined as urtication by Lepidoptera larvae. It is a skin reaction to envenomation from certain poisonous caterpillar bristles. The hair on the dorsum of the last instar larvae of the moth may cause urticarial reactions (erucism) as well as eye problems and temporary blindness."
] | [] | [
"Erucism is a skin reaction to envenomation from certain poisonous caterpillar bristles.",
"Although many tropical insects carry infectious diseases, cutaneous injury can occur by other mechanisms, for example erucism (envenomation by caterpillars) or lepidopterism (dermatitis from moths).",
"We present a case ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19580579",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2510913",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23849585",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15361962",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22890734",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12362487",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [] |
5710eec5a5ed216440000004 | summary | How does Hst5 (histatin 5) affect infections by Candida glabrata? | [
"Human salivary histatins, including histatin 5 (Hst 5), are small cationic proteins that are the major source of fungicidal activity of saliva",
"Human salivary histatins, including histatin 5 (Hst 5), are small cationic proteins that are the major source of fungicidal activity of saliva. We found that Hst 54-15... | [] | [
"Human salivary histatins, including histatin 5 (Hst 5), are small cationic proteins that are the major source of fungicidal activity of saliva",
"Histatin 5 (Hst 5) is a small cationic human salivary peptide with high fungicidal activity against C. albicans, however many strains of C. glabrata are resistant.",
... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11442851",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7802437",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10049295",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24247141",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16495279",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9333052",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [] |
5147c8a6d24251bc05000027 | factoid | Which enzyme is deficient in Krabbe disease? | [
"Galactocerebrosidase is an enzyme that is deficient in Krabbe disease (also known as globoid-cell leukodystrophy). This leads to accumulation of psychosine (galactosylsphingosine) primarily in oligodendrocytes."
] | [
"galactocerebrosidase"
] | [
"Krabbe disease is a lethal, demyelinating condition caused by genetic deficiency of galactocerebrosidase (GALC) and resultant accumulation of its cytotoxic substrate, psychosine (galactosylsphingosine), primarily in oligodendrocytes (OLs).",
"In this study, we report that accumulation of endogenous psychosine un... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9441867",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10448809",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11814461",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1521344",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23438514",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10090061",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:10587",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D003677",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3211",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D007965",
"http:/... |
553a54babc4f83e828000019 | yesno | Are there Conserved Noncoding Elements (CNEs) in plant genomes? | [
"The detailed view of conservation across angiosperms revealed not only high coding-sequence conservation but also a large set of previously uncharacterized intergenic conservation. Grass genes have dramatically fewer and much smaller CNSs than mammalian genes. Using an alignment-free information-retrieval approach... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Conservation and functional element discovery in 20 angiosperm plant genomes",
"The detailed view of conservation across angiosperms revealed not only high coding-sequence conservation but also a large set of previously uncharacterized intergenic conservation",
"Conserved noncoding sequences highlight shared c... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22496592",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23640124",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23110901",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18533721",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12724540",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12952874"
] | [] | [] |
551ae73b6b348bb82c000001 | summary | Which is the localization of the RIFIN family of proteins? | [
"Plasmodium falciparum rifin proteins are mainly surface-expressed. Data has shown that while A-type RIFINs were found to be associated with the parasite and transported to the surface of infected erythrocytes via Maurer's clefts, B-type RIFINs appeared to be mostly retained inside the parasite."
] | [] | [
" The ability of Plasmodium falciparum to undergo antigenic variation, by switching expression among protein variants encoded by multigene families, such as var, rif and stevor, is key to the survival of this parasite in the human host",
" The human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum possesses a number of mul... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17719658",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17255224",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17014697",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21332983",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17148488",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23166704",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011506",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:620"
] |
515db20e298dcd4e51000014 | list | What are the current treatments for generalised anxiety disorder in teenagers? | [
"Cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT) - both in individual and in group treatment\nRandomised, placebo controlled trials have found Sertraline efficacious for GAD in adults, children and adolescents.\nWhile both CBT and SSRIs are beneficial, some evidence suggests that the effects of CBT may be more long lasting."
... | [
"Cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT)",
"CBT",
"group treatment",
"manualised cognitive-behavioural therapy, FRIENDS",
"Sertraline",
"SSRI"
] | [
"49.3% of the youths with depression had comorbid conditions: anxiety disorders in 23.37% of cases",
"To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of a school-based group cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT) for anxiety disorders with African-American adolescents. METHODS: Twelve adolescents (mean age = 15.6 yea... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20429947",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23404595",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18341545",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16675030",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12108800"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000293",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:2030",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001007",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:14320",
"http:/... |
530cf4fe960c95ad0c000009 | yesno | Can tetracycline affect tooth formation? | [
"Tetracycline is incorporated in the teeth during their formation and leads to their permanent staining. A definite relationship between total dosage and staining and duration of administration and staining was established; the condition occurred with greater frequency (in more than one-third of the children) when ... | [
"yes"
] | [
"he results of that study, reported earlier (Rebich et al., 1983), indicated that over one-fifth of the American Indian children had discoloration of the dentition due to ingestion of tetracycline during the years of tooth formatio",
"ale Wistar rats prelabeled with tetracycline to mark surfaces of bone and tooth... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6829791",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1410257",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5447715",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/737550",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3855899"
] | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4272839",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:1091",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013752",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013754",
"http://www.nlm.nih.... |
54f60ea05f206a0c06000009 | factoid | Is there any genetic determinant of hair pigmentation that could be useful in forensic analyses? | [
"Yes, there are at least 12 genes associated with human hair color variation such as: TYR, TYRP1, OCA2, SLC45A2, SLC24A5, MC1R, ASIP and KITLG."
] | [
"Yes, there are at least 12 genes associated with human hair color variation such as: TYR, TYRP1, OCA2, SLC45A2, SLC24A5, MC1R, ASIP and KITLG."
] | [
"a recent paper has reported the genetic determination of eye and hair color in samples up to 800 years old. ",
" Here, we demonstrate that human hair color is predictable from DNA variants with similarly high accuracies.",
"12 genes previously associated with human hair color variation",
" several key pigmen... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22670867",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11672965",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20158590",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21197618",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19016241",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24098679",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006202",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006197",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D003116",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
54f2f81664850a5854000003 | summary | What is the suggested clinical management of Fanconi anemia? | [
"Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the only proven cure for the hematopoietic manifestations of FA and aggressive lifelong surveillance for solid tumors is essential.In patients with FA, there is a high incidence of aggressive HNSCC at a young age. Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment because patients... | [] | [
"Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the only proven cure for the hematopoietic manifestations of FA and aggressive lifelong surveillance for solid tumors is essential.",
"Bone marrow surveillance is an important part of the clinical management of FA and often reveals cytogenetic aberrations",
"In patien... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22675616",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12525204",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23146055"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D051856",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:13636",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005199",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:1062"
] |
530cf4fe960c95ad0c000003 | yesno | Could Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (CPVT) cause sudden cardiac death? | [
"Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is an inherited arrhythmogenic disease that can cause sudden cardiac death."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Here we refine our approach, and apply it to novel variants found in 2266 patients across two large cohorts with inherited sudden death syndromes, namely catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) or Brugada syndrome (BrS).",
"Calsequestrin-associated catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular t... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19631908",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20301466",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23954267",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22307399",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23040497",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24136861",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016757",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D003643",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002423",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
530cf4fe960c95ad0c000002 | yesno | Does Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) have anti-inflammatory activity? | [
"Yes. ApoE has anti-inflammatory activity"
] | [
"yes"
] | [
" have previously reported that apolipoprotein E (apoE), a protein component of very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) and high-density lipoproteins and a potent plasma-borne atheroprotective factor, exerts anti-inflammatory activity in macrophages by switching the activation profile from M1 (\"classic\") to M2 (\"al... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23963646",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22197603",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22326991"
] | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/APOE_CANFA",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0050727",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0050728",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/APOE_MACMU",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/APOE_RABIT",
"http://www.uniprot... |
54cf6d40f693c3b16b00000e | list | Which drugs acting via bradykinin system are effective for treatment of ACE-inhibitor-induced angioedema? | [
"Icatibant and ecallantide are medication acting via bradykinin system that are used for treatment of ACE-inhibitor-induced angioedema."
] | [
"icatibant",
"ecallantide"
] | [
"Medications recently developed, primarily icatibant and ecallantide, to control hereditary angioedema, a disorder also associated with kallikrein-kinin activation, have been used to treat ACEI angioedema with some success. ",
"A patient with acute ACE inhibitor-induced angioedema was treated with icatibant, a sp... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24565614",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20922352"
] | [] | [] |
530cf4fe960c95ad0c000005 | yesno | Is the ACE inhibitor indicated for lung cancer treatment? | [
"No, the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are used widely as antihypertensive agents. On the contrary, it has been suggested that they decrease the risk of some cancers, although available data are conflicting. One study proposes that captopril could be a promising option for the treatment of lung can... | [
"no"
] | [
"The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are used widely as antihypertensive agents, and it has been suggested that they decrease the risk of some cancers, although available data are conflicting. ",
"Using cell viability and fluorescent activated cell sorting analysis tests, we demonstrated that capto... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18837885",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22300564"
] | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ACE_MOUSE",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009369",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008168",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ACE_THETS",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ACE_... |
515bf6d6298dcd4e51000004 | list | Which forms of cancer is the Tpl2 gene associated with? | [
"Tpl2/Map3K8, also known as tumor progression locus 2 has been identified as an oncogene, its mutation or overexpression is reported in a variety of human cancers. Types of cancer associated with Tpl2 include skin and epithelial cancers, ADI prostate cancer, gastric and colon adenocarcinomas, colitis-associated can... | [
"Skin cancer",
"ADI prostate cancer",
"gastric adenocarcinoma",
"colon adenocarcinoma",
"colitis-associated cancer (CAC)",
"breast cancer",
"Hodgkin lymphoma",
"nasopharyngeal carcinoma",
"T-cell neoplasia"
] | [
"These findings establish a mesenchyme-specific role for Tpl2 in the regulation of HGF production and suppression of epithelial tumorigenesis.",
"Tpl2 regulates intestinal myofibroblast HGF release to suppress colitis-associated tumorigenesis",
"Tpl2 ablation promotes intestinal inflammation and tumorigenesis",... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15575964",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23457529",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23064365",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21267413",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20935675",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22451924"
] | [
{
"p": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/diseasome/associatedGene",
"s": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/diseases/3003",
"o": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/genes/TPL2"
}
] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:162",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/M3K8_RAT"
] |
530cf4fe960c95ad0c000007 | list | What are the indications for hydrochlorothiazide? | [
"Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic, often used in combination with others. Hydrochlorothiazide are used to treat hypertension. Hydrochlorothiazide has been shown to decrease diastolic blood pressure."
] | [
"diuretic",
"hypertension"
] | [
"The most frequently used diuretic in combination is again hydrochlorothiazide, which is combined with reninangiotensin system blockers",
"Also a combination of two diuretics is popular - mainly hydrochlorothiazide + amiloride",
"article gives an overview of the risk factors for hypertension and the appropriat... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23808745",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21974759",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23116225",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9421695",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23136355",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8227469",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4249423",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006852"
] |
55425615ed966d112c000003 | yesno | Are genes symmetrically distributed between leading and lagging DNA strand in bacteria? | [
"In most bacteria, genes are preferentially encoded on the leading strand than on the lagging strand. This avoids the potentially detrimental head-on collisions that occur between the replication and transcription machineries when genes are encoded on the lagging strand. Head-on collisions are more deleterious than... | [
"no"
] | [
"Genomic DNA is used as the template for both replication and transcription, whose machineries may collide and result in mutagenesis, among other damages. Because head-on collisions are more deleterious than codirectional collisions, genes should be preferentially encoded on the leading strand to avoid head-on coll... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22735706",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20417622",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25425232",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23538833",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12217498",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24273314",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0006273"
] |
52bf1cb303868f1b0600000b | list | What hand deformities do patients with Apert syndrome present with? | [
"In patients with Apert syndrome, the hands demonstrate many disturbances of soft tissue and bony structures. These include a short thumb with radial clinodactyly, complex syndactyly with a bony fusion involving the index, long and ring fingers, symphalangism and simple syndactyly of the fourth web space. The soft ... | [
"complex syndactyly with bony fusion involving the index",
"polydactyly",
"short thumb with radial clinodactyly",
"long and ring fingers",
"symphalangism",
"simple syndactyly of the fourth web space",
"intrinsic muscle anomalies",
"extrinsic tendon insertions",
"neurovascular bundles"
] | [
"Five patients, ranging from Upton type 1 to type 3 Apert hand deformities, have had preoperative computed tomography angiography that delineated the vascular anatomy. This allowed planning and execution of a single-stage syndactyly release in all patients.",
"The protocol presented allows preoperative planning a... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9145139",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1648464",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9719378",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12564817",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15162318",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/211577",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.go... | [
{
"p": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/diseasome/diseaseSubtypeOf",
"s": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/diseases/1469",
"o": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/diseases/100"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#exactMatch",
... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000013",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:225",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:12857",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:12960",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_... |
531616bdb166e2b806000003 | yesno | Is c-myc subject to regulation by the circadian clock? | [
"Yes, the expression of c-myc is regulated by the circadian clock protein Per2."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"The current study encompasses the investigation of simultaneous expression of four circadian clock genes (Bmal1, Clock, Per1 and Per2) and three clock-controlled cell cycle genes (Myc, Cyclin D1 and Wee1)",
"Our results suggest that aberrant expression of circadian clock genes can lead to aberrant expression of ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20539819",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16827798",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20576619",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19010825",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19861541",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20560708",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016271",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MYC_CARAU",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0032922",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001683",
"htt... |
51631154298dcd4e5100004e | factoid | What disease is Velcade (bortezomib) mainly used for? | [
"Velcade (bortezomid), a proteasome inhibitor drug indicated for multiple myeloma (MM) treatment. Velcade is also approved for the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma."
] | [
"multiple myeloma"
] | [
"patients with multiple myeloma (MM)",
"bortezomib, and lenalidomide have shown improved outcomes in these patients.",
"Bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor drug very effective against multiple myeloma, may induce the so-called bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy (BIPN), hardly manageable with common analges... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15626743",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21751810",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22381702",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23176720",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20079210",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21223249",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A15661541",
"o": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#Label"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#altLabel",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C1174739",
"o"... | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=2001025",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:4",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=2001023",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0008144",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi... |
5539029cbc4f83e828000012 | list | Which genes are thought to be involved in medulloblastoma development? | [
"Medulloblastomas are the most frequent malignant brain tumors affecting children. Disease development has been suggested to be associated with a significant number of genes, such as PTCH1, SUFU, PTEN, CREBBP, PTEN, MYT1L, NFIA, NFIB, TEAD1, TGIF2, IGF2, PCDH10, BMI1, MYC, OTX2, RASSF1A, HIC1, and CASP8."
] | [
"PTCH1",
"SUFU",
"PTEN",
"CREBBP",
"PTEN",
"MYT1L",
"NFIA",
"NFIB",
"TEAD1",
"TGIF2",
"IGF2",
"PCDH10",
"BMI1",
"MYC",
"OTX2",
"RASSF1A",
"HIC1",
"CASP8"
] | [
"Medulloblastomas, the most frequent malignant brain tumours affecting children, comprise at least 4 distinct clinicogenetic subgroups. Aberrant sonic hedgehog (SHH) signalling is observed in approximately 25% of tumours and defines one subgroup. Although alterations in SHH pathway genes (e.g. PTCH1, SUFU) are obse... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21597995",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14688019",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12384556",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10738305",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19048113",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15705863",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3858"
] |
52fb78572059c6d71c000067 | factoid | What is the prevalence of short QT syndrome? | [
"The prevalence of short QT syndrome is low and varies between 0.01% and 0.1%"
] | [
"0.01% -0.1%"
] | [
"We chose patients with a short Bazett QTc interval from a database consisting of 114,334 patients to determine the clinical characteristics and prognostic value of a short QT interval. RESULTS: A total of 427 patients (mean age 43.4 ± 22.4 years) had a short QT interval with about a 1.2 times higher male predomina... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18070308",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18543308",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19303371",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21855519",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17679619"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015995"
] |
5300aad02059c6d71c000080 | list | Which sports have a risk for commotio cordis? | [
"Participation in sports such as baseball, football, soccer, cricket, hockey and lacrosse has a risk for commotio cordis."
] | [
"baseball",
"football",
"soccer",
"cricket",
"hockey",
"lacrosse"
] | [
"This study sought to characterize the demographics of commotio cordis globally in comparison to the U.S. experience.",
"Not unexpectedly, the groups differed with baseball/softball and football predominant in the United States (55% of events) and soccer, cricket, and hockey most common internationally (47% of ev... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23015869",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10392228",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19706581",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11879111",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11048776",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11208236",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013177",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D056104",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012306"
] |
531c380db166e2b80600003f | yesno | is there an increase in ultrasound comets after intense exercise? | [
"Strenuous exercise and exercise perfomed in extreme conditions provoke increase in interstitial pulmonary water content as shown by the increased number of ultrasuond comets"
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Healthy athletes developed subclinical increase in pulmonary water content immediately after an Ironman race at sea level, as shown by the increased number of ULCs related to cardiac changes occurring during exercise.",
"Increased EVLW is associated with estimated PCWP and indices of left ventricular systolic an... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23453728",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21873499",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16581487",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9372688",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18926391",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20188217",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020552",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014463",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016477",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
56c1f031ef6e39474100004e | summary | Describe Hot water reflex epilepsy. | [
"Hot water epilepsy (HWE) refers to a specific type of reflex epilepsy precipitated by the stimulus of bathing in hot water. Pathogenesis is still unknown and temporal lobe has been thought to take part in the epileptogenesis. HWE can be symptomatic of focal cortical malformation, and few cases were reported. Inter... | [] | [
"In this review we assess our currently available knowledge about reflex seizures with special emphasis on the difference between \"generalized\" reflex seizures induced by visual stimuli, thinking, praxis and language tasks, and \"focal\" seizures induced by startle, eating, music, hot water, somatosensory stimuli... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15297690",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24691301",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21808513",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19266219",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19597845",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10695897",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004827"
] |
55181d1e6487737b43000008 | list | What are the breath test biomarkers of pulmonary tuberculosis | [
"Nitric oxide, urea, volatile organic compounds, hydrogen peroxide and end products of lipid peroxidation are the breath test biomarkers of pulmonary tuberculosis."
] | [
"nitric oxide",
"urea",
"volatile organic compounds",
"hydrogen peroxide",
"end products of lipid peroxidation"
] | [
"BACKGROUND: Nitric oxide (NO), a key macrophage antimycobacterial mediator that ameliorates immunopathology, is measurable in exhaled breath in individuals with pulmonary tuberculosis. ",
"CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, impaired pulmonary NO bioavailability is associated with more-sever... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22366996",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20805989",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21219679",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22771606",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16635588",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16194024",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:2957",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001944",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014397"
] |
553e1aa5a3cf796f71000003 | list | What types of DNA mutations are induced by 2-hydroxy-dATP (2-OH-dATP)? | [
"2-hydroxy-dATP mainly elicits G:C --> A:T transitions, and, to a lesser extent, G:C --> T:A transversions The induction of G:C --> T:A transversions by 2-OH-dATP indicates the formation of G*2-OH-dATP pairs. 2-OH-dATP also induces tandem (CC --> TT) mutations. Altogether, 2-OH-dATP induces both transition and tran... | [
"G:C --> A:T transitions",
"tandem (CC --> TT) mutations",
"G:C --> T:A transversions",
"A:T --> C:G mutations"
] | [
"2-OH-dATP induced both transition and transversion mutations, including A:T-->G:C, A:T-->C:G and G:C-->T:A mutations.",
"a G:C-->T:A transversion, the same type of mutation elicited by 2-OH-dATP.",
"2-OH-dATP mainly elicited a G x C to A x T transition, and a G x C to T x A transversion to a lesser extent.",
... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14510512",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17497830",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14510499",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15133233",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10710431",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7642627",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0046060",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4270178"
] |
56c08702ef6e394741000024 | list | Which diseases can be treated with Afamelanotide? | [
"Afamelanotide was ivestigated for treatment of erythropoietic protoporphyria, vitiligo, Hailey-Hailey disease, acne vulgaris, polymorphic light eruption, prevention of actinic keratoses in organ transplant recipients and nonmelanoma skin cancer."
] | [
"erythropoietic protoporphyria",
"vitiligo",
"Hailey-Hailey disease",
"acne vulgaris",
"polymorphic light eruption",
"ctinic keratoses",
"nonmelanoma skin cancer"
] | [
"Afamelanotide for Erythropoietic Protoporphyria.",
"CONCLUSIONS: Afamelanotide had an acceptable side-effect and adverse-event profile and was associated with an increased duration of sun exposure without pain and improved quality of life in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria.",
"Afamelanotide and nar... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23277150",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21073357",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22845050",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24256215",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20545686",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25402764",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004194"
] |
535917f3c95abccd6f000001 | summary | Which is the mechanism used by bacteria to induce tumors in Arabidopsis? | [
"The bacteria Agrobacterium tumefaciens infects Arabidopsis, as well as other plants, and induces the formation of tumors by integrating the transferred-DNA (T-DNA) region of the Ti-plasmid into the plant nuclear genome."
] | [] | [
"Agrobacterium tumefaciens causes crown gall disease in a wide range of plant species. The neoplastic growth at the infection sites is caused by transferring, integrating, and expressing transfer DNA (T-DNA) from A. tumefaciens into plant cells",
" gall tumors develop after integration of the T-DNA of virulent Ag... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23408907",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11043469",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23593941",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11432846",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17172353",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10323222",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D017360",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0009617",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001419"
] |
57135fae1174fb1755000004 | yesno | Can cffDNA be used for non-invasive testing? | [
"Yes, cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) has made non-invasive prenatal testing possible."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Non-invasive prenatal testing using cell-free fetal DNA in maternal circulation",
"The identification of cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) in maternal circulation has made non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) possible.",
"In recent years, technical advances in the molecular analysis of fetal DNA (e.g., digital PCR ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22720727",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22261468",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23690098",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22863603",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24204719",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21207386",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
56c1f034ef6e394741000050 | list | List features of the Perry syndrome. | [
"Perry syndrome is a familial parkinsonism associated with central hypoventilation, mental depression, and weight loss."
] | [
"parkinsonism",
"central hypoventilation",
"depression",
"weight loss"
] | [
"BACKGROUND: Depression, parkinsonism, and hypoventilation (Perry syndrome) or familial motor neuron disease have been linked to mutations in dynactin P150(Glued) (DCTN1).",
"BACKGROUND: Perry syndrome (PS) caused by DCTN1 gene mutation is clinically characterized by autosomal dominant parkinsonism, depression, s... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23628468",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19136952",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24881494",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20702129",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24676999",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24484619",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013577",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:225"
] |
54cf45e7f693c3b16b00000a | factoid | Which is the main calcium binding protein of the sarcoplasmic reticulum? | [
"Calsequestrin is the major calcium-binding protein of cardiac and skeletal muscles whose function is to sequester Ca(2+ )in the lumen of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR).",
"Calsequestrin is the major calcium-binding protein of cardiac and skeletal muscles whose function is to sequester Ca(2+ )in the lumen of the... | [
"Calsequestrin",
"casq"
] | [
"Calsequestrin (CS) is the low-affinity, high-capacity calcium binding protein segregated to the lumen of terminal cisternae (TC) of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR).",
"human cardiac calsequestrin (CASQ2), a high-capacity calcium-binding protein located in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR),",
"Calsequestrin is th... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11058082",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14715535",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16571864",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19230141",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1860177",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16477617",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0016529"
] |
51680b0e298dcd4e51000065 | yesno | Is the UGT1A1*28 polymorphism associated with irinotecan response in Caucasians? | [
"Yes, it has been shown that the polymorphism UGT1A1*28 is associated with irinotecan response in Caucasians."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"These variants are associated with greater risk of serious toxicity.",
"Homozygous carriers of UGT1A1*28 as well as those with additional UGT1A variants can suffer from severe irinotecan toxicity"
] | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17762398",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18832463",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23516488",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23529007",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18633245",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22077505",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/#_5136543545370015",
"o": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/Gene"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type",
"s": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/drugbank/resource/drugs/DB00762"... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D044465",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011110",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4260100",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4231334",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh... |
571f5d3e0fd6f91b6800000a | list | For which diseases members of the 2-aminobenzamide class of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors show promise as therapeutics? | [
"Members of the 2-aminobenzamide class of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors show promise as therapeutics for the neurodegenerative diseases Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) and Huntington's disease (HD).",
"Members of the 2-aminobenzamide class of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors show promise as therapeutics f... | [
"Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA)",
"Huntington's disease (HD)"
] | [
"Members of the 2-aminobenzamide class of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors show promise as therapeutics for the neurodegenerative diseases Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) and Huntington's disease (HD)",
"Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have received considerable attention as potential therapeutics for a var... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21913121",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22973455",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19778726",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22764181",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24933366"
] | [] | [] |
56cab4c75795f9a73e00001f | yesno | Do U6-associated proteins Lsm4 and Lsm6 interact with SMN? | [
"SMN interacts with at least two of the U6-associated Sm-like (Lsm) proteins, Lsm4 and Lsm6.",
"yes",
"SMN was found to interact with at least two of the U6-associated Sm-like (Lsm) proteins, Lsm4 and Lsm6."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"SMN also interacts with at least two of the U6-associated Sm-like (Lsm) proteins, Lsm4 and Lsm6. ",
"Interestingly, SMN also interacts with at least two of the U6-associated Sm-like (Lsm) proteins, Lsm4 and Lsm6",
"Furthermore, we present evidence for two separate binding sites in SMN for Sm/Lsm proteins.",
... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15526162",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10851237",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14962794",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11720283",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17178713",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23334184",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/LSM6_LODEL",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/LSM6_CRYNB",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/LSM6_ASPCL",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/LSM4_YEAST",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/LSM6_NEOFI",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/LSM4_MOUSE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/LS... |
52fc94db2059c6d71c000074 | list | List anti-amyloid-beta monoclonal antibodies that have been investigated in clinical trials for treatment of Alzheimer disease. | [
"Ponezumab, solanezumab and bapineuzumab are humanized antiamyloid beta (Aβ) monoclonal antibodies that have been designed for treatment of Alzheimer disease.",
"Bapineuzumab\nSolanezumab\nPonezumab\nGantenerumab"
] | [
"Bapineuzumab",
"bapineuzumab",
"Solanezumab",
"solanezumab",
"Ponezumab",
"ponezumab",
"Gantenerumab"
] | [
"The first active immunization clinical trial with AN1792 in AD patients was halted when a subset of patients developed meningoencephalitis.",
"The first passive immunotherapy trial with bapineuzumab,",
"Preliminary results of a prematurely terminated clinical trial where AD patients were actively vaccinated wi... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21784350",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20189881",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23334069",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21263194",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22277519",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20360050",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000544",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016430",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:10652",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+E... |
56cf2a153975bb303a000004 | yesno | Does MVIIA and MVIIC bind to the same calcium channel? | [
"No, the omega-conotoxin MVIIC blocks P/Q-type calcium channels with high affinity and N-type calcium channels with low affinity, while the highly homologous omega-conotoxin MVIIA blocks only N-type calcium channels."
] | [
"no"
] | [
"We examined the post-pubertal behavioral effects of neonatal (postnatal day 7) medial prefrontal cortex infusion of either vehicle or N-type and P/Q-type presynaptic voltage-dependent calcium channel blockers (omega-conotoxins MVIIA and MVIIC respectively; 6.8 and 45 pmol infused respectively) in rat pups.",
"Ad... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8898826",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9063691",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10694509",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20820758",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10648826",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8853221",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015220"
] |
5544e4635beec11c10000007 | summary | What is the idea behind the fractal globule that has been proposed as a model of chromatin conformation in the nucleus of a cell? | [
"The fractal globule is a compact polymer state that emerges during polymer condensation as a result of topological constraints which prevent one region of the chain from passing across another one. This long-lived intermediate state was introduced in 1988 (Grosberg et al. 1988) and has not been observed in experim... | [] | [
"The fractal globule, a self-similar compact polymer conformation where the chain is spatially segregated on all length scales, has been proposed to result from a sudden polymer collapse. This state has gained renewed interest as one of the prime candidates for the non-entangled states of DNA molecules inside cell ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19815776",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20461051",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22370293",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21274616",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22988072",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23781815"
] | [] | [] |
516e5f25298dcd4e5100007d | list | Which anticancer drugs target human topoisomerase II? | [
"Etoposide (VP-16) and Teniposide (VM-26) are effective as an anti-tumour drug by inhibiting eukaryotic DNA topoisomerase II via establishing a covalent complex with DNA. Doxorubicin, Daunorubicin and Aclarubicin are anthracyclins that act as DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors and may be used in combination. Benzoxazo... | [
"Etoposide (VP-16)",
"Teniposide (VM-26)",
"Doxorubicin",
"Daunorubicin",
"Aclarubicin",
"Mitoxantrone",
"Amsacrine (m-AMSA)"
] | [
"Etoposide is effective as an anti-tumour drug by inhibiting eukaryotic DNA topoisomerase II via establishing a covalent complex with DNA",
"benzoxazoles, benzimidazoles and related fused heterocyclic compounds, which exhibited significant eukaryotic DNA topoisomerase II inhibitory activity",
"F14512, a polyami... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19047165",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11724358",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22490049",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8104687",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2154411",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21188112",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0003918",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004250",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:9974",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:162",
"http://amigo.geneontology.o... |
56af573b0a360a5e45000011 | summary | What is SHAPE-Seq? | [
"SHAPE-Seq is a high-throughput technique that can simultaneously measure quantitative, single nucleotide-resolution secondary and tertiary structural information for hundreds of RNA molecules of arbitrary sequence. SHAPE-Seq combines selective 2'-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension (SHAPE) chemistry wi... | [] | [
"This article contains a protocol for selective 2'-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension and sequencing (SHAPE-Seq) that, through a combination of structure-dependent chemical probing and next-generation sequencing technologies, achieves structural characterization of hundreds of RNAs in a single experime... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23788555",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21642531",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21642536",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25303992"
] | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0010501",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D057166",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D059014"
] |
52fc8b772059c6d71c00006e | list | Which are the known inhibitors of the TPL2/MAP3K8 protein? | [
"[1,7]naphthyridine-3-carbonitriles and quinoline-3-carbonitriles were the first Tumor Progression Loci-2 (Tpl2) kinase inhibitors. 4-alkylamino-[1,7]naphthyridine-3-carbonitriles are also known to inhibit Tpl2 function as well as quinoline-3-carbonitrile derivatives, thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidines and 2,4-disubstituted ... | [
"Honokiol",
"Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidines and thieno[2,3-c]pyridine",
"thieno-pyrimidines",
"Quinoline-3-carbonitrile derivatives (8-halo-4-(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenylamino)-6-[(1H-[1,2,3]triazol-4-ylmethyl)-amino]-quinoline-3-carbonitriles",
"quinoline-3-carbonitriles",
"8-bromo-4-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenylamino... | [
"Taken together, our results suggest that the therapeutic inhibition of Tpl2 by Honokiol thwarts both gastric tumor growth and peritoneal dissemination by inducing ER stress and inhibiting EMT.",
"The article describes the development of a robust pharmacophore model and the investigation of structure-activity rel... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17664070",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16165349",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23828905",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21851209",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21862328",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21705614",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/encodedBy",
"s": "http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q63562",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/#_51363335363200E"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#altLabel",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/#_51363335363200E",
"o": "Tpl2"
... | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/M3K8_HUMAN",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/M3K8_RAT",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/M3K8_MOUSE",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D047428",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0033673"
] |
54ede95c94afd6150400000a | factoid | What is the mode of inheritance in Fanconi anemia? | [
"Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare inherited syndrome with diverse clinical symptoms including developmental defects, short stature, bone marrow failure, and a high risk of malignancies. Fifteen genetic subtypes have been distinguished so far. The mode of inheritance for all subtypes is autosomal recessive, except for ... | [
"Autosomal recessive, except for FANCB, which is X-linked."
] | [
"Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare inherited syndrome with diverse clinical symptoms including developmental defects, short stature, bone marrow failure, and a high risk of malignancies. Fifteen genetic subtypes have been distinguished so far. The mode of inheritance for all subtypes is autosomal recessive, except for ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8987005",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3369448",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17924555",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22959745",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15502827",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/939547",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.g... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:1062",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005199",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:13636"
] |
553ccbaef32186855800000f | summary | Describe the involvement of conserved noncoding sequences in the regulation of Hox genes. | [
"Comparisons of noncoding sequences of the elephant shark and human Hox clusters have identified a large number of conserved noncoding elements (CNEs), which represent putative cis-regulatory elements that may be involved in the regulation of Hox genes. The b-paralogs of the duplicated fugu Hox clusters are virtua... | [] | [
" The data presented herein identify many noncoding sequence motifs conserved over 800 million years that may function as genetic control motifs essential to the developmental process",
"by comparing conserved noncoding sequences upstream of these exons in different species, we were able to identify homology betw... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21688387",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24043829",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10677514",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19805301",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15867430",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14707166",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
56c0ea0aef6e394741000029 | summary | Give an overview of visualizing genomes with oligopaint FISH probes. | [
"Oligopaint probes are fluorescently labeled, single-stranded DNA oligonucleotides that can be used to visualize genomic regions ranging in size from tens of kilobases to many megabases. Coupled with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and a bioinformatic platform, this technology could be extended to any org... | [] | [
"Oligopaint probes are fluorescently labeled, single-stranded DNA oligonucleotides that can be used to visualize genomic regions ranging in size from tens of kilobases to many megabases. ",
"Here, we describe an oligonucleotide- and PCR-based strategy for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and a bioinforma... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24510436",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23236188"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015345"
] |
56a38f9b496b62f23f000004 | summary | What is Targeted Chromatin Capture (T2C)? | [
"Targeted Chromatin Capture (T2C) is an efficient, easy, and affordable with high (restriction fragment) resolution tool to address both genome compartmentalization and chromatin-interaction networks for specific genomic regions at high resolution for both clinical and non-clinical research.",
"Significant effort... | [] | [
"Targeted Chromatin Capture (T2C): a novel high resolution high throughput method to detect genomic interactions and regulatory elements.",
" Here we describe a new technique termed Targeted Chromatin Capture (T2C), to interrogate large selected regions of the genome. T2C provides an unbiased view of the spatial ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25031611",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24561620"
] | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A0039007",
"o": "D002843"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A0067863",
"o": "D006570"
},
{
"p": "... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D057166",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002843",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D047369",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
5324d0429b2d7acc7e000023 | summary | What are the reported adverse effects of topical minoxidil? | [
"Typical side effects of this topical treatment include irritative dermatitis going along with pruritus, erythema, scaling and dryness, which occur especially at the onset of the therapy. In some cases, allergic contact dermatitis or exacerbation of seborrheic dermatitis has been reported.\nHypertrichosis is a well... | [] | [
"Hypertrichosis is a well-recognized adverse effect of therapy with either oral or topical minoxidil.",
"reported increase of adverse events (additional hair growth on areas other than the scalp) with minoxidil (5%) twice daily. ",
"a case of central serous chorioretinopathy after application of topical minoxid... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11807448",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17902730",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9039309",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3191000",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1554931",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3800424",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.g... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A10920929",
"o": "645145"
},
{
"p": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/prefMetaMap",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C1724451",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.co... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D064420",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008914"
] |
56f7d9dd09dd18d46b000014 | yesno | Is arimoclomol a co-inducer of the heat shock response? | [
"Yes, arimoclomol is a hydroxylamine derivative, a group of compounds which have unique properties as co-inducers of heat shock protein expression, but only under conditions of cellular stress."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Arimoclomol is a hydroxylamine derivative, a group of compounds which have unique properties as co-inducers of heat shock protein expression, but only under conditions of cellular stress. ",
"In this review we summarize the evidence for the neuroprotective effects of enhanced heat shock protein expression by Ari... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22591194",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18551622",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20582873",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19183864",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17656567",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24853414",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
52f896d62059c6d71c000046 | factoid | What memory problems are reported in the " Gulf war syndrome" | [
"memory loss"
] | [
"memory loss"
] | [
"memory loss",
"loss of memory,",
" loss of memory",
"dysmnesia",
"memory problems",
"\"impaired cognition,\" characterized by problems with attention, memory, and reasoning, as well as insomnia, depression, daytime sleepiness, and headaches"
] | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15251045",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11600803",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9005271",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14515407",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9096828",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11478226"
] | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/diseaseontology/id/DOID:4491",
"o": "UMLS_CUI:C0282550"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#prefLabel",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/diseaseontology/id/DOID:4491",
"o": ... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D018923"
] |
56be14c7ef6e39474100000a | summary | Describe Heyde syndrome. | [
"Classical Heyde syndrome is described as the association of aortic stenosis, bleeding gastrointestinal angiodysplasia and secondary anemia. A deficiency of high molecular weight multimers of von Willebrand factor (type 2A von Willebrand disease) provides the link between this association."
] | [] | [
"The association of AVS and gastrointestinal bleeding from angiodysplasia is defined as Heyde syndrome. ",
"Heyde syndrome is a triad of aortic stenosis, acquired coagulopathy, and anemia due to bleeding from intestinal angiodysplasia.",
"Nine patients reported clinically significant bleeding, and seven had int... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10441816",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23692692",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20802419",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17299265",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21864855",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11957793",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
536172d17d100faa09000009 | yesno | Has silicon been used in treatment of incontinence ? | [
"Yes"
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"an artificial anal sphincter. Worldwide, there are two established devices on the market: the artificial bowel sphincter® (ABS) from A. M. S. (Minnetonka, MN, USA) and the soft anal band® from A. M. I. (Feldkirch, Austria). How to implant the artificial anal sphincter? Both devices consist of a silicon cuff which ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22933007",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9690182",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10711555",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15582258",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12806798",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15183554",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012828",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012825",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014549"
] |
553fca6054168f6c79000002 | list | Which proteins compose the error prevention GO (8-oxo-G) system in Pseudomonas putida? | [
"In P. putida (Pseudomonas putida) the error prevention GO (8-oxo-G) system is composed of MutY, MutM, and MutT enzymes."
] | [
"MutY",
"MutM",
"MutT"
] | [
"the GO repair enzymes MutY, MutM, and MutT are involved in the prevention of base substitution mutations in carbon-starved P. putida.",
"Our results demonstrated that the GO repair enzymes MutY, MutM, and MutT are involved in the prevention of base substitution mutations in carbon-starved P. putida."
] | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17545288"
] | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0044715",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0044716"
] |
52ee065d98d0239505000033 | list | List five applications of machine learning algorithms in medical diagnosis. | [
"Machine learning technology is well suited for the induction of diagnostic and prognostic rules and solving of small and specialized diagnostic and prognostic problems. The medical diagnostic knowledge can be automatically derived from the description of cases solved in the past. In several medical domains we actu... | [
"Brain glioma progression",
"Microarray classification",
"Mass spectral proteomics",
"Lymph disease classification",
"Parkinson's disease"
] | [
"The ability to differentiate between brain tumor progression and radiation therapy induced necrosis is critical for appropriate patient management. I",
"Experimental results on public leukemia, prostate, and colon cancer datasets show that fuzzy support vector machine applied in combination with filter or wrappe... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22606669",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24321226",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21479187",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24263362",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16226240",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22606665",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A0730516",
"o": "D001185"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#literalForm",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A0730516",
"o": "Learning, Machine"
},
{... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D003933",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011337",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D007858",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
56ebfac12ac5ed1459000001 | yesno | Does the 3D structure of the genome remain stable during cell differentiation? | [
"Many studies have suggested a link between the spatial organization of genomes and fundamental biological processes such as genome reprogramming, gene expression, and differentiation. The open chromatin of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) condenses into repressive heterochromatin as cells exit the pluripotent state. Th... | [
"no"
] | [
"We identify large, megabase-sized local chromatin interaction domains, which we term 'topological domains', as a pervasive structural feature of the genome organization.",
"The domains are stable across different cell types and highly conserved across species, indicating that topological domains are an inherent ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25693564",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26340639",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24346698",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25218583",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22495300",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23199754",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002454",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016678",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030154"
] |
54fc58df6ea36a810c000004 | summary | What is the main biological function of the CRISPR-CAS9 genome editing system? | [
"The CRISPR/Cas9 system (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated) has recently emerged as an efficient and simple tool for site-specific engineering of eukaryotic genomes. The CRISPR/Cas9 system has attracted significant attention for its potential to transform genome engineering... | [] | [
"Mutagenesis and homologous recombination in Drosophila cell lines using CRISPR/Cas9.",
"We have applied the CRISPR/Cas9 system to Drosophila S2 cells to generate targeted genetic mutations in more than 85% of alleles. By targeting a constitutive exon of the AGO1 gene, we demonstrate homozygous mutation in up to ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23918387",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24179142",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24326186",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23827738",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24088745",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24199189",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D064113",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D064112"
] |
516d4b27298dcd4e51000077 | yesno | Does dronedarone affect T3 and T4 levels? | [
"NO."
] | [
"no"
] | [
"Amiodarone resulted in increased T4, T4/T3 and rT3, whereas dronedarone did not alter the thyroid hormone profile in normal animals.",
"Fifty-five Wistar rats were randomly allocated to a 2-week oral treatment with either vehicle (n=18), amiodarone (30 mg/kg, n=20), or dronedarone (30 mg/kg, n=17).",
"Thyroid ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17391666",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8640331",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12063079"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014284",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4275389",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4274245",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4005955",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4233556"
] |
56bf4035ef6e394741000010 | summary | What is 2d 4d ratio in athletes. | [
"Lower 2D:4D ratio was reported to be lower in handball players, kabaddi players, varsity athletes, football players, soccer players and rugby players. Low 2D:4D ratio correlates with better performance and with enhanced sporting prowess, particularly with regard to activities requiring endurance and dependent upo... | [] | [
"RESULTS: A highly significant difference was found in 2D:4D ratios of both the hands with Kabaddi players having a lower ratio compared to their controls. There was no statistically significant difference in 2D:4D (Δ r-l) between Kabaddi players and controls.",
"BACKGROUND: Ratio of second and fourth digit (2D:4... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23444944",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25520769",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20981610",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19954495",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24949031",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22185395",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D056352"
] |
52fc94932059c6d71c000072 | summary | What is the association between moon cycle and rupture risk of intracranial aneurysms? | [
"The lunar cycle seems to affect the incidence of intracranial aneurysm rupture, with the new moon being associated with an increased risk of aneurysmal SAH."
] | [] | [
"An incidence peak for aneurysm rupture (28 patients) was seen during the phase of new moon, which was statistically significant (p < 0.001)",
"The lunar cycle seems to affect the incidence of intracranial aneurysm rupture, with the new moon being associated with an increased risk of aneurysmal SAH."
] | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18353534"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001019",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000783",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002538",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
5314d05adae131f84700000d | summary | What is the role of brain natriuretic peptide in traumatic brain injury patients ? | [
"Brain natriuretic peptide concentrations are elevated in patients with traumatic brain during the acute phase and correlate with poor outcomes. In traumatic brain injury patients higher brain natriuretic peptide concentrations are associated with more extensive SAH, elevated ICP and hyponatremia. Brain natriureti... | [] | [
"This study provides evidence that BNP plasma concentrations increase rapidly after TBI. Plasma BNP concentrations are correlated with hyponatremia in severe TBI patients but not in mild and moderate TBI patients. Furthermore, patients with elevated ICP have a higher serum BNP level in first 4 days after injury.",
... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23963125",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16774478",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18325424",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21808206",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19803787",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16322908",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ANFB_TAKRU",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ANFB_OREMO",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001930",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4250398",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ANFB_ACITR",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A... |
56c04412ef6e39474100001b | factoid | Which molecule is targeted by Daratumumab? | [
"Daratumumab, an investigated anti-cancer drug targeting CD38, has been of great interest in the treatment of CD38-expressing malignancies, especially multiple myeloma.",
"Daratumumab is a novel, high-affinity, therapeutic human monoclonal antibody against unique CD38 epitope with broad-spectrum killing activity.... | [
"CD38"
] | [
"Daratumumab, an investigated anti-cancer drug targeting CD38, has been of great interest in the treatment of CD38-expressing malignancies, especially multiple myeloma. ",
"Daratumumab is a novel, high-affinity, therapeutic human monoclonal antibody against unique CD38 epitope with broad-spectrum killing activity... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25964097",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25764134",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25531698",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26137203",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25626316",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21109694",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
52f899952059c6d71c00004b | factoid | Which mutation is associated with PLMS (periodic limb movements in sleep)? | [
"missense substitution, Met1Val (M1V), was identified in the DCX gene"
] | [
"missense substitution, Met1Val (M1V), in the DCX gene."
] | [
"We describe a 2-year-old girl affected by SBH with epilepsy and periodic limb movements (PLMs), in whom a novel \"de novo\" missense substitution, Met1Val (M1V), was identified in the DCX gene."
] | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19619967"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020189",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009154"
] |
53161545b166e2b806000002 | factoid | Which DNA repair system is involved in HNPCC? | [
"In HNPCC families, germline mutations in any of four genes encoding proteins of a specialized DNA repair system, the mismatch repair, predispose to cancer development."
] | [
"In HNPCC, the mismatch DNA repair system is involved."
] | [
"The HNPCC syndrome (hereditary non polyposis colon cancer) or Lynch syndrome stands for an autosomic dominant condition leading to the most prevalent hereditary colo-rectal cancers (CCR). MMR (mismatch repair)'s genes are involved in carcinogenesis as they play a role in ADNA mismatch repair.",
"Mutations in the... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8723065",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21459714",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9244653"
] | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MSH3_MOUSE",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004260",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3883",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MSH3_HUMAN",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Ex... |
56ae6e650a360a5e4500000e | factoid | Mention the only available genomics and developmental transcriptomics resource for the urochordate Oikopleura dioica | [
"OikoBase (http://oikoarrays.biology.uiowa.edu/Oiko/) is a tiling array-based genome browser resource for Oikopleura dioica, a metazoan belonging to the urochordates, the closest extant group to vertebrates. OikoBase facilitates retrieval and mining of a variety of useful genomics information and will provide a val... | [
"OikoBase"
] | [
"OikoBase: a genomics and developmental transcriptomics resource for the urochordate Oikopleura dioica.",
"We report the development of OikoBase (http://oikoarrays.biology.uiowa.edu/Oiko/), a tiling array-based genome browser resource for Oikopleura dioica, a metazoan belonging to the urochordates, the closest ex... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23185044"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015509",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014561",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D023281"
] |
55032785e9bde69634000031 | summary | What is the association between NT-proBNP and cognitive function? | [
"Greater NT-proBNP serum concentration is associated with poorer cognitive function and cognitive decline. In community-dwelling older adults, greater NT-proBNP levels were strongly associated with poor cognitive function independently from age, sex, education, hypertension, body mass index, exercise, alcohol use, ... | [] | [
"RESULTS: Measures of cognitive decline were significantly associated with stroke, NT-proBNP, ABI, and cIMT, but not with nonstroke vascular events. ",
"SCI was present at baseline more often in NYHA IV patients compared with NYHA II [odds ratio 2.94; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.15-7.51, P = 0.025], but it was... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25142900",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22479261",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24942833",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24333505",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21526197",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22973461",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
56d094f33975bb303a000012 | list | List functional roles of the FtsZ protein. | [
"Four major roles of FtsZ have been characterized: cell elongation, GTPase, cell division, and bacterial cytoskeleton."
] | [
"cell elongation",
"GTPase",
"cell division",
"bacterial cytoskeleton"
] | [
"bacterial homologue FtsZ establishes the cytokinetic ring that constricts during cell division. ",
"In Escherichia coli, initial assembly of the Z ring for cell division requires FtsZ plus the essential Z ring-associated proteins FtsA and ZipA.",
"FtsZ is an essential cell division protein in Escherichia coli,... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23463171",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23384289",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24984796",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25124387",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25002581",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25382739",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/FTSZ_METTH",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/FTSZ_MYCTU",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/FTSZ_COXBU",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/FTSZ_ECO57"
] |
550e866271445a662f000005 | list | Intetumumab has been tested in clinical trials for treatment of which cancers? | [
"Intetumumab has been tested in clinical trials for treatment of prostate cancer, melanoma and angiosarcoma."
] | [
"prostate cancer",
"melanoma",
"angiosarcoma"
] | [
"A randomized, double-blind, multicenter, phase 2 study of a human monoclonal antibody to human αν integrins (intetumumab) in combination with docetaxel and prednisone for the first-line treatment of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.",
"BACKGROUND: Intetumumab is a fully human mAb wit... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21750555",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23104724",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22027908",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20145975",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21331745"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016430"
] |
533ada5efd9a95ea0d000001 | summary | Is there any evidence of dysregulated long non coding RNAs and Alzheimer's disease? | [
"It is becoming increasingly evident that long non coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a role on neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer (AD). BACE1-AS, GDNFOS and 17A are examples of these lncRNAs. In some instances those lncRNAs are embedded or transcribed from the opposite strand of coding genes."
] | [] | [
"lncRNAs in central nervous system (CNS) development and neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD)",
"(lncRNA) within mRNA sequences of Alzheimer's disease genes, namely, APP, APOE, PSEN1, and PSEN2",
"sortilin-related receptor 1 (SORL1) is a risk gene for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23065742",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18587408",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20888417",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22081608",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22996644",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23662159",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D022661",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:10652",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D062085",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+E... |
5314bd7ddae131f847000006 | factoid | Which hormone receptor function is altered in patients with Donohue syndrome? | [
"Donohue syndrome (leprechaunism) is a rare, recessively inherited disorder of extreme insulin resistance due to mutations in the insulin receptor gene causing either defects in insulin binding or receptor autophosphorylation and tyrosine kinase activity. This syndrome is characterized by excessive hyperglycemia wi... | [
"insulin receptor"
] | [
"This disease is caused by a defective insulin receptor and features abnormal glucose metabolism and retarded intrauterine and postnatal growth.",
"Biallelic insulin receptor (INSR) gene mutations cause congenital syndromes of severe insulin resistance (SIR) known as Donohue syndrome (DS) and Rabson-Mendenhall sy... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22972224",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24498630",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23229189",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19774849",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17201797",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19882513",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#definition",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C0265344",
"o": "MSH: Rare autosomal recessive syndrome of extreme insulin resistance due to mutations in the binding domain of INSULIN RECEPTOR. Clinical features include severe intrauterine and po... | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:0050470",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D056731",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D018000",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO... |
513f4892bee46bd34c000014 | yesno | Does triiodothyronine (T3) has cardiac angiogenic effects? | [
"T3-induced cardiac sprouting angiogenesis in adult hypothyroid mice was associated with PDGF-BB, PDGFR-β and downstream activation of Akt.\nT(3) administration restored TRbeta mRNA expression level in AAC hearts to the control level.\nTRbeta in the coronary ECs regulates capillary density during cardiac developmen... | [
"yes"
] | [
"T3-induced cardiac sprouting angiogenesis in adult hypothyroid mice was associated with PDGF-BB, PDGFR-β and downstream activation of Akt.",
"L-T3 significantly increased angiogenesis and cell survival and enhanced the expression of nuclear-encoded transcription factors involved in these processes.",
"T(3) adm... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20100314",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19074585",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2530972",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22681587",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19286941"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011988",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4005955",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014284",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0045766",
"http... |
54d8f37b4b1fd0d33c000004 | yesno | Is the HRC Ser96Ala variant associated with sudden cardiac death in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy? | [
"The histidine-rich calcium binding protein (HRC) Ser96Ala polymorphism was shown to correlate with ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death only in dilated cardiomyopathy patients but not in healthy human carriers.The Ser96Ala genetic variant of HRC is associated with life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias in id... | [
"yes"
] | [
"The Ser96Ala genetic variant of HRC is associated with life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias in idiopathic DCM and may serve as an independent predictor of susceptibility to arrhythmogenesis in the setting of DCM.",
"The Ser96Ala (S96A) mutation within the histidine rich Ca(2+) binding protein (HRC) has recen... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20807542",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24125847",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21742996",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24805197",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18617481"
] | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:12930"
] |
5512c91b6a8cde6b7200000b | yesno | Are BRAF mutations common in melanoma? | [
"Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer. The treatment of patients with advanced melanoma is rapidly evolving due to an improved understanding of molecular drivers of this disease. Somatic mutations in BRAF are the most common genetic alteration found in these tumors. BRAF mutations occur in approximat... | [
"yes"
] | [
"patients with BRAF-mutant melanoma.",
"BRAF-mutated melanoma ",
"The RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway has been reported to be activated in over 80% of all cutaneous melanomas, making it the focus of many scientific studies in the melanoma field. Discoveries of mutations and aberrant expression of components in this cas... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23415641",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24265154",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24265155",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23890088",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24298448",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23903755",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/diseaseontology/id/DOID:7124",
"o": "UMLS_CUI:C1511021"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#prefLabel",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/diseaseontology/id/DOID:7124",
"o": ... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008545",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009154",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D048493",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/BR... |
511a1e12df1ebcce7d000009 | yesno | Is it possible to determine the proteome of a formalin fixed and paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue? | [
"Yes, advances in sample preparation has enabled the proteomic analysis of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"ver the last few years, advances in methodology have made it possible to recover peptides from FFPE tissues that yield a reasonable representation of the proteins recovered from identical fresh or frozen specimens.",
"Thus, laser capture microdissection of FFPE tissue coupled with downstream proteomic analysis i... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21117664",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16091476",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22188123",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17409379",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21337705",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22081483",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016610",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020543",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D040901"
] |
54f48cb74e9bf3263f000001 | summary | What is known about type D personality trait in cancer patients? | [
"Reported prevalence rates of type D personality ranges from 19% to 22% in patients with cancer. In patients with cancer, Type D personality is associated with poor quality of life and mental health. Cancer patients with a Type D personality as compared with non-Type D patients perceive that they receive less infor... | [] | [
"RESULTS: Nineteen percent of patients (n=572) had a Type D personality. The perceived receipt of disease-specific (mean 46 vs. 51), medical test (56 vs. 63) and treatment information (37 vs. 42) was significantly lower for Type D patients compared with non-Type Ds as assessed with the EORTC QLQ-INFO25 (scales 0-10... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22850265",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19819126",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21531672",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24368251",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22459997",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21943928",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:162",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D064415"
] |
56acc7ca0a360a5e45000002 | list | List available tools for genomic visualisation in comparative genomics | [
"Insyght, Genomicus and Sockeye."
] | [
"Insyght",
"Genomicus",
"Sockeye"
] | [
"Insyght: navigating amongst abundant homologues, syntenies and gene functional annotations in bacteria, it's that symbol!",
"Insyght is a comparative genomic visualization tool that combines three complementary displays: (i) a table for thoroughly browsing amongst homologues, (ii) a comparator of orthologue func... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25249626",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15123592",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23193262"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D023281",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016678"
] |
515ffc2b298dcd4e51000035 | list | Which species may be used for the biotechnological production of itaconic acid? | [
"In 1955, the production of itaconic acid was firstly described for Ustilago maydis. Some Aspergillus species, like A. itaconicus and A. terreus, show the ability to synthesize this organic acid and A. terreus can secrete significant amounts to the media. Itaconic acid is mainly supplied by biotechnological process... | [
"Aspergillus terreus",
"Aspergillus niger",
"Ustilago maydis"
] | [
"continuous itaconic acid production from sucrose with Aspergillus terreus",
"A potent itaconic acid producing strain, Aspergillus terreus SKR10, was isolated from horticulture waste",
"Two high itaconic acid yielding mutants, N45 and UNCS1 were obtained by gradient plating",
"Itaconic acid production using s... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23298766",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1366363",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22480369",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22956279",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23397482",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22752264",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4276340",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0047370",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0047613",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005656",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/... |
5321badd9b2d7acc7e00000a | list | Which types of cancer can be recognized and treated by the use of immunotherapy? | [
"When normal cells turn into cancer cells, some of the antigens on their surface change. These cells, like many body cells, constantly shed bits of protein from their surface into the circulatory system. Often, tumor antigens are among the shed proteins.\nThese shed antigens prompt action from immune defenders, inc... | [
"Melanoma",
"Leukaemia",
"Lung Cancer",
"Colorectal Cancer",
"Breast Cancer",
"Head Cancer",
"Pancreatic Cancer",
"Prostate tumor"
] | [
"omising expansion of antigen-specific T cells, the clinical responses following vaccination have been limited, indicating that further improvements of DC vaccine potency are necessary. Pre-clinical studies suggest that vaccination with combination of primary DC subsets, such as myeloid and plasmacytoid blood DCs (... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24324949",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24286020",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24325394",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23133825",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15199397",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24297569",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A1883488",
"o": "2002-0936"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#literalForm",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A1883488",
"o": "neoplasm/cancer immunothe... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009369",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006258",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001943",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
55180ef46487737b43000006 | factoid | What is the typical rash associated with gluten ? | [
"Dermatitis herpetiformis is a lifelong, gluten-sensitive, blistering skin disease with pathognomonic immunoglobulin (Ig)A deposits in the papillary dermis."
] | [
"dermatitis herpetiformis"
] | [
"Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is an autoimmunity-driven inflammatory blistering dermatosis associated with a gluten-dependent enteropathy. ",
"Dermatitis herpetiformis is an autoimmune blistering disease that appears as a cutaneous manifestation of gluten intolerance. ",
"Treatment of dermatitis herpetiformis ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6742871",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21159258",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15489956",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8881298",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11247893",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15033190",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [] |
5540eda30083d1bf0e000006 | list | Which proteins constitute the methyl-directed mismatch repair system (MMR) in bacteria? | [
"The mismatch repair system (MMR) recognizes and corrects mismatched or unpaired bases caused mainly by DNA polymerase, and contributes to the fidelity of DNA replication in living cells. In bacteria, the methyldirected mismatch repair (MMR) is comprised of MutS and MutL proteins, encoded by the mutS/L operon."
] | [
"mutS",
"mutL",
"mutH"
] | [
"MutY and MutSL (mismatch repair system [MMR])",
"Escherichia coli DNA Mismatch Repair (MMR) protein MutS ",
"We have characterized the mismatch repair system (MMR) of the highly radiation-resistant type strain of Deinococcus radiodurans, ATCC 13939. We show that the MMR system is functional in this organism, w... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21940221",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14602928",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12067333",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16414311",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9852252",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11591694",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0006298"
] |
550311dae9bde69634000018 | yesno | Is aganglionic megacolon a feature of Down syndrome? | [
"Down syndrome (DS) is recognized by characteristic facial features, intellectual disability, and an increased risk for cardiac malformations and duodenal atresia. Recently, Hirschsprung disease (HSCR), or congenital aganglionic megacolon, has been seen more often among patients with DS."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Down syndrome (DS) is recognized by characteristic facial features, intellectual disability, and an increased risk for cardiac malformations and duodenal atresia. Recently, Hirschsprung disease (HSCR), or congenital aganglionic megacolon, has been seen more often among patients with DS",
"Of the 17 patients with... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23045564",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18075983",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2309705",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12028658"
] | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:14250"
] |
51716e808ed59a060a00000b | factoid | Which is the vector of Louping ill virus? | [
"Louping ill virus (LIV) belongs to the mammalian tick-borne virus group of the genus Flavivirus which cause central nervous system disease. LIV infects the red grouse Lagopus lagopus scoticus, causing high mortality. LIV is transmitted by the tick Ixodes ricinus.",
"Deer are the key hosts of the vector (Ixodes ... | [
"Ixodes ricinus"
] | [
"Deer are the key hosts of the vector (Ixodes ricinus) that transmits LIV to red grouse Lagopus lagopus scoticus, causing high mortality.",
"n Europe the primary arthropod vectors of zoonotic diseases are ticks, which transmit Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (the agent of Lyme disease), tick-borne encephalitis vi... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21593276",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14422369",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9802086",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21254926",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12557579",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19631009",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/VIRUSES%2Flouping-ill",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/Keyword"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/reso... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014780",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001179",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:10250",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+E... |
56c5a7605795f9a73e000002 | yesno | Does HuR protein regulate the splicing process? | [
"Recent research demonstrated that SIRT1 pre-mRNA undergoes alternative splicing to produce different isoforms, such as SIRT1 full-length and SIRT1-∆Exon8 variants. Here we describe experiments showing that HuR and TIA1/TIAL1, two kinds of RNA-binding proteins, were involved in the regulation of alternative splicin... | [
"yes"
] | [
"HuR and TIA1/TIAL1 are involved in regulation of alternative splicing of SIRT1 pre-mRNA",
"Here we describe experiments showing that HuR and TIA1/TIAL1, two kinds of RNA-binding proteins, were involved in the regulation of alternative splicing of SIRT1 pre-mRNA under normal and stress circumstances",
"HuR incr... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18463097",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21890634",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19931428",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24865968",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20951677",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24566137",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000398",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0036002",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000067780",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0008380"
] |
55030a6ce9bde6963400000f | yesno | Is Titin the largest single protein molecule found in Nature? | [
"Titin, is definitely the largest protein in the body, with a molecular weight of 3 million Dalton and composed of 27,000 amino acids. Titin is the largest protein known to date and acts as a mechanosensor that regulates muscle protein expression in a sarcomere strain-dependent fashion.",
"Yes. Titin, the largest... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Titin, the largest protein in the human body, is well known as a molecular spring in muscle cells and scaffold protein aiding myofibrillar assembly.",
"Titin is the largest protein in mammals; it forms an elastic filament along the myofibril of cardiac and skeletal muscles.",
"Titin is recently known as the la... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16453158",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2129545",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16702235",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1859393",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12187564",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14600266",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TITIN_DROME",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TITIN_MOUSE",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D019368"
] |
532f043ed6d3ac6a34000023 | summary | what is the role of MEF-2 in cardiomyocyte differentiation? | [
"The myocyte enhancer factor-2 (MEF2) proteins are MADS-box transcription factors that are essential for differentiation of all muscle lineages but their mechanisms of action remain largely undefined. MEF2C expression initiates cardiomyogenesis, resulting in the up-regulation of Brachyury T, bone morphogenetic prot... | [] | [
"The growth and differentiation factor bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) regulates cardiac development during vertebrate embryogenesis. In cardiac precursor cells, BMP-2 has recently been shown to induce expression of cardiac transcription factors, including myocyte enhancer factor 2A (MEF-2A).",
"BMP-2 increa... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19498465",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17158926",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8366095",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22850285",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23261540",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12663654",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/classifiedWith",
"s": "http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/A2ICN5",
"o": "http://purl.uniprot.org/go/0030154"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#exactMatch",
"s": "http://purl.uniprot.org/go/0030154",
"o": "http://www.geneontology.org/go#GO:00... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D032383",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0035051",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D064326"
] |
56cdf3745795f9a73e000039 | list | Which are the main components of mTORC1? | [
"The mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) protein kinase is an important regulator of cell growth and is a key target for therapeutic intervention in cancer. Two complexes of mTOR have been identified: complex 1 (mTORC1), consisting of mTOR, Raptor (regulatory associated protein of mTOR) and mLST8 (mammalian lethal... | [
"mTOR",
"Raptor",
"mLST8/GbetaL"
] | [
"Raptor-mTOR and Rictor-mTOR complexes compete for association with LST8, and this mechanism may contribute to the reciprocal negative regulations of mTORC1 and mTORC2 activities, in terms of their LST8 components.",
"The mTOR kinase controls cell growth, proliferation, and survival through two distinct multiprot... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21413931",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17461779",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24331524",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18614546",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20127721",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17141160",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
5545d847bf90a13052000006 | summary | What is the the Menzerath-Altmann law? | [
"Recently, a random breakage model has been proposed to explain the negative correlation between mean chromosome length and chromosome number that is found in many groups of species and is consistent with Menzerath-Altmann law, a statistical law that defines the dependency between the mean size of the whole and the... | [] | [
"Recently, a random breakage model has been proposed to explain the negative correlation between mean chromosome length and chromosome number that is found in many groups of species and is consistent with Menzerath-Altmann law, a statistical law that defines the dependency between the mean size of the whole and the... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22197514"
] | [] | [] |
554101d0234c5a7c75000002 | list | Which receptor(s) recognize lysosomal hydrolases in trans-Golgi network (TGN)? | [
"The majority of lysosomal hydrolases in trans-Golgi network (TGN) are specifically recognized by mannose 6-phosphate (M6P) receptors (MPRs), which ensure their transport to the endosomal/lysosomal system. Other receptors can also carry lysosomal hydrolases from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to the endosomal system... | [
"mannose 6-phosphate receptors (MPRs)",
"sortilin",
"lysosomal integral membrane protein (LIMP-2)",
"cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor (CI-MPR)"
] | [
"The majority of the enzymes leave the TGN after modification with mannose-6-phosphate (M6P) residues, which are specifically recognized by M6P receptors (MPRs), ensuring their transport to the endosomal/lysosomal system.",
"M6P receptors play a major role in the intracellular transport of newly synthesized lysos... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18088323",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15078903",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9668075",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17596511",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22264539",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16787435",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0005802",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0090160"
] |
5508685b4b2a315d4100000a | list | List the diseases that can be treated using Vedolizumab. | [
"Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are inflammatory bowel diseases that have been successfully treated with Vedolizumab, a gut-selective, anti-inflammatory monoclonal antibody."
] | [
"Ulcerative colitis",
"Crohn's disease"
] | [
"A new gut-specific monoclonal antibody, vedolizumab, has been shown to be effective in inflammatory bowel disease, and in continued trials no patients have developed PML. ",
"Finally, several studies were presented on new drugs with new therapeutic targets, such as vedolizumab, in the treatment of inflammatory b... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23046232",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21157649",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24067534",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23018007",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24918648",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23980911",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
515df89e298dcd4e5100002f | yesno | Can clonidine be used to reduce agitation in children. | [
"Yes, clonidine is effective in prevention of post-anesthesia agitation in children."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Children receiving clonidine immediately after anesthesia induction had statistically significant improvement in postoperative agitation at the 15-minute mark (P = .096) and last score obtained (P = .095) using the Watcha scale.",
"Clonidine has proven to be effective in reducing the incidence of post-operative ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14977793",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17416907",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20514964",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21150631",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16677266",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18095969",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D003000",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002648",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011595"
] |
53592c1e9a4572de6f000002 | factoid | Which value of nuchal translucency thickness is set as the threshold for high-risk for Down Syndrome? | [
"NT is physiological for a measurement < 3 mm but the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities (essentially trisomies 21, 18 and 13) increases when NT > or = 3 mm. As women aged, this upper NT threshold value changed according to gestational age. In women aged 35 to 37 years, combined prenatal screening was always po... | [
"3mm"
] | [
"Combined prenatal screening was always positive for Down syndrome when NT thickness exceeded 4.0 mm",
"In women aged 35 to 37 years, combined prenatal screening was always positive when NT exceeded 2.8 mm, 3.0 mm, and 3.4 mm at 11, 12, and 13 weeks of gestation, respectively",
"NT is physiological for a measur... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18461550",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19416569",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16912493",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18726925",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9471429"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004314",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D018566",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D048208",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/a... |
532627d0d6d3ac6a34000001 | yesno | Does ventriculoperitoneal shunt improve normal pressure hydrocephalus? | [
"Yes"
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Clinical improvement depends not only on the capability to restore the cerebrospinal fluid dynamic, but also on the ability of cerebral parenchyma to recover the metabolic function.",
" After shunting, the global CMRglu significantly increased (2.95 ± 0.44 vs 4.38 ± 0.68, p = 10(-7)) in all INPH patients with a ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23640238",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10586442",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17226742",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8747951",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2696283",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21993525"
] | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A17851208",
"o": "G91.2"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#prefLabel",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C2047886",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resourc... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006850",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D017287"
] |
51680b05298dcd4e51000064 | yesno | Does Serca2a bind PLN in the heart? | [
"Yes, Serca2a bind PLN in the heart."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"The human phospholamban Arg14-deletion mutant localizes to plasma membrane and interacts with the Na/K-ATPase.",
"Moreover, PLN-R14Del did not co-immunoprecipitate with SERCA2a (as did WT-PLN),",
"n this review, we attempted to highlight the functional significance of PLN in vertebrate cardiac physiology. We w... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20484118",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17241641",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9182523",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17515962",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11854448",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12424227",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D053498",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PPLA_HUMAN"
] |
56f553e309dd18d46b000006 | factoid | What is the function of the spliceosome complex? | [
"The excision of introns from nascent eukaryotic transcripts is catalyzed by the spliceosome, a highly complex and dynamic macromolecular machine composed of RNA and protein."
] | [
"The excision of introns from nascent eukaryotic transcripts is catalyzed by the spliceosome."
] | [
"The spliceosome machinery is composed of multimeric protein complexes that generate a diverse repertoire of mRNA through coordinated splicing of heteronuclear RNAs. ",
"Splicing and alternate splicing are the two key biological processes that result in the generation of diverse transcript and protein isoforms in... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17574835",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24788092",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22430224",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18025254",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24047207"
] | [] | [] |
56d1d56b67f0cb3d66000004 | yesno | Is there any role for long noncoding RNAs in adipogenesis? | [
"Yes. Many lncRNAs are adipose-enriched, strongly induced during adipogenesis, and bound at their promoters by key transcription factors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (CEBPα). RNAi-mediated loss of function screens identified functional lncRNAs wit... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Long noncoding RNAs regulate adipogenesis.",
"Here we profiled the transcriptome of primary brown and white adipocytes, preadipocytes, and cultured adipocytes and identified 175 lncRNAs that are specifically regulated during adipogenesis. Many lncRNAs are adipose-enriched, strongly induced during adipogenesis, a... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23401553"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D062085",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D050155",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0060612",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact... |
553fac39c6a5098552000001 | list | Which genes code for the alpha subunit of the DNA polymerase III in most Firmicutes? | [
"Bacterial DNA polymerase III is the primary complex of DNA replication. In most Firmicutes, which are low-GC, gram-positive bacteria, the alpha subunit of their DNA polymerase III is encoded by polC and dnaE. DnaE is widely conserved in most bacteria, while PolC is present mainly in Firmicutes clade."
] | [
"dnaE",
"polC"
] | [
"PolC co-evolves with RNA degradation enzymes that are present only in the A+T-rich Firmicutes clade",
"Bacterial genomes displaying a strong bias between the leading and the lagging strand of DNA replication encode two DNA polymerases III, DnaE and PolC, rather than a single one.",
"SGD, PAS, and polC are all ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20403380",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24899249",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22333191",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2499883",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17532183",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24062730"
] | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/DPOL3_SULSO",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0003887",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004259",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/DPOL3_SULSH"
] |
532bf6f2d6d3ac6a34000015 | yesno | Is there any research that relates the function of Notch Signaling with Alzheimer Disease? | [
"Notch signaling is an evolutionarily conserved pathway, which is fundamental for neuronal development and specification. In the last decade, increasing evidence has pointed out an important role of this pathway beyond embryonic development, indicating that Notch also displays a critical function in the mature brai... | [
"yes"
] | [
"RIP regulates signaling pathways by abrogating or releasing signaling molecules. Since the discovery, already >15 years ago, of its catalytic component, presenilin, and even much earlier with the identification of amyloid precursor protein as its first substrate, γ-secretase has been commonly associated with Alzhe... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23197721",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23570941",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22122056",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24099003",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21768095",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22792182",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000544",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:10652",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=diseases_category",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&ex... |
51be03c4047fa84d1d000004 | summary | Describe the known functions for the prothymosin alpha c-terminal peptide? | [
"Prothymosin alpha (ProTα) (encoded in human by the PTMA gene) is a ubiquitous, highly acidic nuclear polypeptide. During early apoptosis, proTα is cleaved by activated caspase-3, with a primary attach site being D99, close to its carboxyl-terminus. The role of the cleaved decapeptide -- proTα(100-109) -- is not fu... | [] | [
"The C-terminal decapeptide of prothymosin α is responsible for its stimulatory effect on the functions of human neutrophils in vitro",
"In this study, we investigated the ability of the immunoreactive fragment of the polypeptide prothymosin alpha (proTα), i.e., the decapeptide proTα(100-109), to enhance the func... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18856068",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17929838",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2209614",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11744386",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18976813",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18645619",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/fullName",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/#_423651354534004",
"o": "Prothymosin alpha"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#literalForm",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A7615967",
"o": "Prothymosin Alpha"
},
... | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PTMA_RANES",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PTMA_RAT",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PTMA_HUMAN",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PTMA_PONAB",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PTMA_MOUSE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PTMAA_XENLA",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PTM... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.