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values | body stringlengths 13 215 | ideal_answer listlengths 1 12 | exact_answer listlengths 0 44 | snippets listlengths 0 121 | documents listlengths 1 157 | triples listlengths 0 537 | concepts listlengths 0 99 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
551adceb622b194345000018 | list | Which factors are considered in the ABCD2 score? | [
"Age, Blood pressure, Clinical features, Duration of symptoms and Diabetes are included in the ABCD2 score, which is used to identify patients having a transient ischemic attack who are at high risk for imminent stroke."
] | [
"Age",
"Blood pressure",
"Clinical features",
"Duration of symptoms",
"Diabetes"
] | [
"The 'accuracy' of age, blood pressure, clinical features, duration and diabetes (ABCD(2)) scoring by non-stroke specialists referring patients to a daily Rapid Access Stroke Prevention (RASP) service is unclear, as is the accuracy of ABCD(2) scoring by trainee residents. ",
" Classification of low risk was based... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23983858",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21646462",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21554497",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23871489",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23683740",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22237056",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
52b06a68f828ad283c000005 | yesno | Is Tuberous Sclerosis a genetic disease? | [
"Tuberous sclerosis is a genetic disorder with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance, variable expressivity, and incomplete penetrance. Two thirds of TSC cases result from sporadic genetic mutations, not inheritance, but their offspring may inherit it from them. Current genetic tests have difficulty locating... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic disease",
"Tuberous sclerosis is a rare genetic disease",
"Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a multisystem genetic disease",
"Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic disease",
"The disease is caused by mutational inactivation of the tumor suppressor gen... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20041940",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23622183",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19506736",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22068806",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22021912",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24226526",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/diseasome/diseaseSubtypeOf",
"s": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/diseases/4098",
"o": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/diseases/1155"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#exactMatch",
... | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TSC2_RAT",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0033596",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TSC1_RAT",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D030342",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TSC1_MOUSE",
"http:/... |
56c1f03cef6e394741000054 | yesno | Does TRIM37 gene mutation causes Mulibrey nanism? | [
"Yes, Mulibrey nanism is caused by recessive mutations in the TRIM37 gene encoding for the peroxisomal TRIM37 protein with ubiquitin-ligase activity."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"OBJECTIVE: We studied pubertal development and fecundity in males with Mulibrey nanism (MUL) caused by mutations in the TRIM37 gene.",
"In MUL, mutations in TRIM37 lead to disturbance of sexual maturation, and fertility is severely compromised. ",
"It is caused by recessive mutations in the TRIM37 gene encodin... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21865362",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16514549",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14757854",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15108285",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19329943",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16310976",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:0050436",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009154",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D050336"
] |
534bf050aeec6fbd07000015 | yesno | Have thyronamines effects on fat tissue? | [
"thyronamines cause reduction of fat mass"
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Intraperitoneal or central injection of 3-T(1)AM or T(0)AM into mice, rats, or Djungarian hamsters caused various prompt effects, such as metabolic depression, hypothermia, negative chronotropy, negative inotropy, hyperglycemia, reduction of the respiratory quotient, ketonuria, and reduction of fat mass. "
] | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20880963"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000273",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4251308"
] |
52f7c91f2059c6d71c00002e | summary | What is the genetic basis of progeria | [
"Mutations in the LMNA gene cause Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome in around 90% of patients"
] | [] | [
"Mandibuloacral dysplasia (MAD) is a rare autosomal recessive progeroid syndrome due to mutations in genes encoding nuclear lamina proteins, lamins A/C (LMNA) or prelamin A processing enzyme, and zinc metalloproteinase (ZMPSTE24)",
"genetic defects in the nuclear envelope protein prelamin A or in the FACE-1 metal... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18796515",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16258283",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19842191",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12714972",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21217880",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19875478"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011371",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:0050739",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:630",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:0050325",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/... |
55421398ccca0ce74b000001 | factoid | What type of DNA repair pathways is initiated by AlkA glycosylase? | [
"The AlkA protein (3-methyladenine DNA glycosylase II protein) is a monofunctional DNA glycosylase that recognizes a broad range of oxidized and alkylated base lesions and catalyzes the hydrolysis of the N-glycosidic bond to initiate the base excision repair (BER) pathway."
] | [
"base excision repair (BER) pathway"
] | [
"The Escherichia coli 3-methyladenine DNA glycosylase II protein (AlkA) recognizes a broad range of oxidized and alkylated base lesions and catalyzes the hydrolysis of the N-glycosidic bond to initiate the base excision repair pathway.",
"Schizosaccharomyces pombe has two paralogues of 3-methyladenine DNA glycosy... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10455196",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22683793",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10455195",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12853604",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11266119",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8805338",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0016798",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0003905",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004260",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+... |
530c7cfd970c65fa6b00000c | yesno | Is there any protein that undergoes both mono-ubiquitination and poly-ubiquitination? | [
"Yes, there are some rare cases where a protein can be both mono-ubiquitinated and poly-ubiquitinated."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"The yeast G protein alpha subunit Gpa1 represents a rare example of a protein that undergoes both mono- and poly-ubiquitination. ",
"Expression of p34 promotes PTEN poly-ubiquitination, leading to PTEN protein degradation, whereas p34 knockdown results in PTEN mono-ubiquitination.",
"These fingers possess E3 a... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19176477",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20423330",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22045334",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16154111",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20006583",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12794086",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/submittedName",
"s": "http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/D7LBU2",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/#_44374C42553200A"
},
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/fullName",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/#_44374C42553200A",
"o": "Histone mo... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D054875",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0031396",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0031398",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:... |
532f0b2cd6d3ac6a3400002c | list | Which are the musculoskeletal manifestations of Marfan syndrome? | [
"Musculoskeletal manifestations of Marfan syndrome include scoliosis, dural ectasia, pectus excavatum and carinatum, arachnodactyly, otto pelvis (protrusio acetabuli), dolichostenomelia and ligamentous laxity."
] | [
"scoliosis",
"dural ectasia",
"pectus excavatum and carinatum",
"arachnodactyly",
"otto pelvis",
"protrusio acetabuli",
"dolichostenomelia",
"ligamentous laxity"
] | [
"Musculoskeletal manifestations include scoliosis, dural ectasia, protrusio acetabuli, and ligamentous laxity.",
"Scoliosis, pectus excavatum and carinatum, arachnodactyly, and acetabular protrusion are common musculoskeletal manifestations.",
"Two cases are described in which protrusio acetabuli was a major pr... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21971724",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20686061",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6481730",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17620463",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19726741"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008382",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009141"
] |
54d7b457e19bba8909000004 | summary | What is the "Proteomic ruler"? | [
"The MS signal of histones can be used as a \"proteomic ruler\" because it is proportional to the amount of DNA in the sample, which in turn depends on the number of cells. As a result, our proteomic ruler approach adds an absolute scale to the MS readout and allows estimation of the copy numbers of individual prot... | [] | [
"A \"proteomic ruler\" for protein copy number and concentration estimation without spike-in standards.",
"We show that the MS signal of histones can be used as a \"proteomic ruler\" because it is proportional to the amount of DNA in the sample, which in turn depends on the number of cells. As a result, our prote... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25225357"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D040901",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020543"
] |
54dfce9b1388e8454a00000b | summary | What is the mechanism by which HIV-1-encoded Vif protein allows virus replication? | [
"The HIV-1 Vif protein counteracts the antiviral activity of the APOBEC3 family by targeting the proteins for degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. More specifically, Vif, serving as a substrate receptor, facilitates ubiquitination of APOBEC3 proteins by forming a Cullin5-based E3 ubiquitin ligase c... | [] | [
"A naturally occurring Vif mutant (I107T) attenuates anti-APOBEC3G activity and HIV-1 replication",
"The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Vif protein counteracts the antiviral activity of the apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3 (APOBEC3) family of proteins by targeting the... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21725586",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23689841",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24189052",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23316055",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23707381",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22728817",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
5512c1ee6a8cde6b72000009 | list | Which proteins are the different isoforms of the p38 MAP kinase? | [
"The p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein (MAP) kinase, a serine/threonine kinase, is one of the best characterized kinases in the inflammatory process. There are four isoforms of the enzyme (p38alpha, p38beta, p38gamma and p38delta), which differ in tissue distribution, regulation of kinase activation and subsequent phos... | [
"p38alpha",
"p38α",
"p38beta",
"p38β",
"p38gamma",
"p38γ",
"p38delta",
"p38δ"
] | [
"The p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein (MAP) kinase, a serine/threonine kinase, is one of the best characterized kinases in the inflammatory process. Among the four identified p38 isoforms (p38α, p38β, p38γ, and p38δ), the α-form is the most fully studied and plays a central role in the biosynthesis of the proinflammat... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24107108",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22720195",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19622861",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18256287",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18641461",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14522818",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020033",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D048051",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NCAP_BDVV",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0004707",
"htt... |
5709f212cf1c325851000020 | yesno | Are pseudogenes enriched with housekeeping protein families? | [
"Yes, housekeeping families tend to be enriched with a large number of pseudogenes."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"housekeeping families tend to be enriched with a large number of pseudogenes"
] | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18957444"
] | [] | [] |
553ba7b7f321868558000006 | summary | What is the mechanism of cementogenesis in pulp regeneration? | [
"The dental follicle (DF) consists of progenitor cells that give rise to the cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. Dental follicle cells attach to Hertwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS), and pulp cells in the cementum promoting cementogenesis. The temporospatial regulation of Wnt/ß-catenin signaling... | [] | [
"New vital tissues can be regenerated in permanent canine teeth after pulpectomy and enlargement of the apical foramen",
"The loss of dental pulp may weaken teeth, rendering them susceptible to reinfection, fracture, and subsequent tooth loss. Therefore, regeneration of pulp is considered an ideal treatment to pr... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21854758",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21512722",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23146645",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18636796"
] | [] | [] |
515db70c298dcd4e51000017 | list | What are the reported adverse effects of gabapentin used in children? | [
"Limited literature data, suggest that gabapentin may cause rash that is severe enough to necessitate discontinuation in a small percentage of children.\nIn a large survey of all age groups: The commonest adverse effects seen were somnolence, fainting, ataxia, nystagmus, tremor and headache, fatigue. However, their... | [
"Skin reactions",
"Somnolence",
"drowsiness",
"sedation",
"lassitude",
"Dizziness",
"hyperactivity",
"defiance",
"irritability",
"agitation",
"aggression",
"explosive outbursts",
"oppositional behavior",
"malaise"
] | [
"he purpose of our study was to review our experience with using gabapentin to treat insomnia in children. We identified 23 children,",
"Adverse effects were noted in 6 children.",
"To determine the effectiveness of gabapentin as an add-on therapy in children presenting with overactive bladder (OAB)",
"Data w... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10030434",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11274308",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16490100",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8603631",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15072101",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12199723",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004362",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4258191",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002648"
] |
532f05a5d6d3ac6a34000025 | summary | What is the effect of ranolazine in diastolic heart failure? | [
"Data from in vitro and animal studies indicate that ranolazine improves diastolic function by inhibiting the late sodium current. Ranolazine is an innovative anti-ischemic and antianginal agent that reduces the Na-dependent Ca-overload, which improves diastolic tone and oxygen handling during myocardial ischemia. ... | [] | [
"Data from in vitro and animal studies indicate that ranolazine improves diastolic function by inhibiting the late sodium current. ",
"Ranolazine is an innovative anti-ischemic and antianginal agent that inhibits the late Na current, thereby reducing the Na-dependent Ca-overload, which improves diastolic tone and... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17027025",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18439620",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24251065",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7873471",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22343711",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19333133",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D054144",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4202863"
] |
553c8fd1f32186855800000a | summary | Elaborate on the potential efficacy of gemcitabine for the treatment of recurrent, platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian cancer. | [
"Gemcitabine is a novel agent that has shown consistent activity as a single agent in the treatment of platinum-resistant ovarian cancer and a favorable toxicity profile. Because of its clinical and preclinical synergism with platinum analogs, gemcitabine has been combined with carboplatin as a convincing approach ... | [] | [
"Gemcitabine and carboplatin demonstrate moderate toxicity with similar efficacy in both platinum-sensitive and platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian cancer, suggesting reversal of platinum resistance by gemcitabine",
"The combination of gemcitabine and carboplatin shows similar efficacy in the treatment of plati... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22468744",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16804928",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23679284",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15839957",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24185383",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16343176",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4260819",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4202605",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:2394"
] |
56c1f01eef6e394741000046 | yesno | Is olaparib effective for prostate cancer? | [
"Yes, olaparib was shown to be effective for treatment of prostate cancer. Olaparib led to stable disease or tumor regressions of prostate cancer patients.",
"Treatment with the PARP inhibitor olaparib in patients whose prostate cancers were no longer responding to standard treatments and who had defects in DNA-r... | [
"yes"
] | [
"We hypothesized that metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancers with DNA-repair defects would respond to poly(adenosine diphosphate [ADP]-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition with olaparib.METHODS: We conducted a phase 2 trial in which patients with metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer were trea... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23847380",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26510020",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25616434",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25583815",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24789362",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24225019",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A0106149",
"o": "D011471"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A0090893",
"o": "D011471"
},
{
"p": "... | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:10283",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011471",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:10286"
] |
57092f9bcf1c32585100001b | summary | How does Foxa transcription factor exhibits its pioneering function? | [
"The conceptional framework of the mechanism of action of the FoxA proteins is that these 'pioneer factors' that can engage chromatin before other transcription factors. The Fox DNA-binding domain structurally resembles linker histone and binds nucleosomes stably. FoxA induces local DNA demethylation, nucleosome de... | [] | [
"Similarities between the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Nuclear Protein EBNA1 and the Pioneer Transcription Factor FoxA: Is EBNA1 a \"Bookmarking\" Oncoprotein that Alters the Host Cell Epigenotype?",
"In this overview we focus, however, on the epigenetic alterations elicited by EBNA1 by drawing a parallel between EBN... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19339686",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22406422",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21502411",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20591647",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16909212",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25436603",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
54fb5c69d176fff445000003 | list | Which are the 3 basic transcription factors that have been used for the direct reprogramming of fibroblasts into cardiomyocytes or cardiomyocyte like-cells? | [
"Direct reprogramming of human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs) into cardiomyocytes may hold great potential for this purpose. We found that functional cardiomyocytes can be directly induced from fibroblasts by a combination of three cardiac transcription factors, Gata4, Mef2c and Tbx5, in vitro and in vivo.",
"Direct ... | [
"Gata4",
"Mef2c",
"Tbx5"
] | [
"Direct reprogramming of human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs) into cardiomyocytes may hold great potential for this purpose. We reported previously that induced cardiomyocyte-like cells (iCMs) can be directly generated from mouse cardiac fibroblasts in vitro and vivo by transduction of three transcription factors: Gata... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23722259",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23704920",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22575762",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20691899",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22522929",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21241459",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D032383",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014157",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D065150"
] |
530cf4c54a5037880c000008 | factoid | What is the name of Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor that can be used for treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia? | [
"Ibrutinib is the covalent inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase that can be used for treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Ibrutinib has shown highly encouraging results in phase I/II trials in patients with treatment-naive, relapsed and refractory CLL even in the presence of high risk disease or poor p... | [
"Ibrutinib"
] | [
"Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) shows constitutive activity in CLL and is the target of irreversible inhibition by ibrutinib, an orally bioavailable kinase inhibitor that has shown outstanding activity in CLL. Early clinical results in CLL with other reversible and irreversible BTK inhibitors have been less promisi... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24009233",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24085367",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24311722",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23656200",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23617253",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23619564",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D007945",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/BTK_CHICK",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/IBTK_HUMAN",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013812",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/IBT... |
5151b8efd24251bc0500007a | yesno | Is physical performance influenced by thyroid hormone metabolism? | [
"Yes."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Longitudinal analysis showed that in Eut men higher baseline FT4 was significantly (p = 0.02) predictive of a lower SPPB score at the 3-year follow-up",
"Even a modest thyroid hormone excess is associated with a reduced physical function in elderly men.",
"Oral L-thyroxine treatment was started and at a 1-mont... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19468264",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2704923",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18523407",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16174720",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17893267",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16621071",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THA_LITCT",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0015349",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THB_SHEEP",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THA_MOUSE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THAA_PAROL",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THA_PYGAD",
"http://ww... |
553d0005f321868558000011 | yesno | Do plant genomes contain CpG islands? | [
"In plant genomes, there exist discrete regions rich in CpG dinucleotides, namely CpG clusters. In rice, most of these CpG clusters are associated with genes. Rice genes are grouped into one of the five classes according to the position of an associated CpG cluster. Among them, class 1 genes, which harbor a CpG clu... | [
"yes"
] | [
"This study represents the first systematic genome-scale analysis of DNA curvature, CpG islands and tandem repeats at the DNA sequence level in plant genomes, and finds that not all of the chromosomes in plants follow the same rules common to other eukaryote organisms, suggesting that some of these genomic properti... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15733327",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12857799",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16283384",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12054347",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21548945",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11489175",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D018745",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D044404",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D018899"
] |
553a761cf321868558000001 | summary | Describe the isolation of transcription factor complexes by in vivo biotinylation tagging and direct binding to streptavidin beads, as applied for the case of the essential hematopoietic transcription factor GATA-1. | [
"Owing to the very high affinity of biotin for avidin and streptavidin, biotinylation tagging offers an attractive approach for the efficient purification of protein complexes. The very high affinity of the biotin/(strept)avidin system also offers the potential for the single-step capture of lower abundance protein... | [] | [
"Using the biotin tagged erythroid transcription factor GATA-1 as example, we describe several optimization steps for the application of the high affinity biotin streptavidin system in ChIP",
"Isolation and characterization of hematopoietic transcription factor complexes by in vivo biotinylation tagging and mass ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16339652",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15920471",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16888367",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19196479"
] | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4250381",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GATA1_RAT",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0005488",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0005667",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:... |
530cf4c54a5037880c000002 | yesno | Are high-flow nasal cannulae effective for treatment of preterm infants? | [
"Yes. The use of high-flow nasal cannulae is an increasingly popular alternative to nasal continuous positive airway pressure for noninvasive respiratory support of preterm infants after extubation. However, the use of high-flow nasal cannulae in preterm infants was shown to be associated with a higher rate of rein... | [
"yes"
] | [
"The use of high-flow nasal cannulae is an increasingly popular alternative to nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for noninvasive respiratory support of very preterm infants (gestational age, <32 weeks) after extubation.",
"The use of high-flow nasal cannulae was noninferior to the use of nasal CPAP... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21563154",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23114244",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22518179",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24106935",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23782410",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23143331",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D057785",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000281",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D007234"
] |
54edf1ee94afd6150400000f | summary | What are the molecular characteristics of the FAA (FANCA) cDNA? | [
"The 5.5-kb cDNA of the FAA (FANCA) gene has an open reading frame of 4,368 nucleotides, whereas the FAA protein is predicted to have a molecular weight of approximately 163 kDa."
] | [] | [
"Here we report the isolation of a cDNA representing the FAA gene, following an expression cloning method similar to the one used to clone the FAC gene. The 5.5-kb cDNA has an open reading frame of 4,368 nucleotides. In contrast to the 63-kD cytosolic protein encoded by the FAC gene, the predicted FAA protein (M(r)... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8896563"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D052217",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D018076"
] |
571f356f0fd6f91b68000006 | summary | What are the skeletal muscle satellite cells? | [
"Skeletal muscle satellite cells (SCs) are Pax7(+) myogenic stem cells that reside between the basal lamina and the plasmalemma of the myofiber. In mature muscles, SCs are typically quiescent, but can be activated in response to muscle injury. Depending on the magnitude of tissue trauma, SCs may divide minimally to... | [] | [
"Skeletal muscle satellite cells (SCs) are Pax7(+) myogenic stem cells that reside between the basal lamina and the plasmalemma of the myofiber. In mature muscles, SCs are typically quiescent, but can be activated in response to muscle injury. Depending on the magnitude of tissue trauma, SCs may divide minimally to... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21339173",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17996437",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17600112",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22233500",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21727135",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26074812",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
56bce51cd36b5da37800000a | summary | What is the role of neurogranin in Alzheimer's disease patients? | [
"Dendritic protein neurogranin is markedly increased in cerebrospinal fluid in Alzheimer's disease patients. Neurogranin might reflect the neurodegenerative processes within the brain, indicating a role for neurogranin as a potential novel clinical biomarker for synaptic degeneration in AD.\nNeurogranin is importa... | [] | [
"We recently showed that the dendritic protein neurogranin (Ng), including the endogenous Ng peptide 48 to 76 (Ng48-76), is markedly increased in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in AD and that Ng48-76 is the dominant peptide in human brain tissue.",
"In agreement with previous studies, we show that CSF Ng is significan... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20875798",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15851848",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26136856"
] | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A8417448",
"o": "D051579"
}
] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000544",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NEUG_BOVIN",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NEUG_CAPHI",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D051579",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/joche... |
51682382298dcd4e51000066 | yesno | Does triiodothyronine play a regulatory role in insulin secretion from pancreas? | [
"YES"
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Our findings establish that p43 is an important regulator of glucose homeostasis and pancreatic β-cell function and provide evidence for the first time of a physiological role for a mitochondrial endocrine receptor.",
"The p43(-/-) mice had a major defect in insulin secretion both in vivo and in isolated pancrea... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17408701",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21099301",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1357067",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/619228",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19021014",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20730704",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/INS_DANRE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/INS_CAIMO",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4054676",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/INS_HORSE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/INS_LOPAM",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/INS_CANFA",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/INS_PA... |
54f2210164850a5854000001 | factoid | How many disulfide bridges has the protein hepcidin got? | [
"Hepcidin contains eight cysteine residues that form four disulfide bridges."
] | [
"Hepcidin contains eight cysteine residues that form four disulfide bridges"
] | [
" hepcidin, containing four disulfide bridges",
"Cshepc has eight cysteines formed four conserved disulfide bridges, similarly to that of human's",
"The native peptide of 25 amino acids (Hepc25) contains four disulfide bridges that maintain a β-hairpin motif.",
"Hepcidin, a 25 amino acid peptide hormone conta... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11985602",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21838701",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22967859",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21073997",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22705624",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24018861"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004220",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/HEPC_RAT",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D064451"
] |
5324d12b9b2d7acc7e000024 | summary | What is the association between GERD and gluten ? | [
"GERD symptoms are common in classically symptomatic untreated CD patients. The GFD is associated with a rapid and persistent improvement in reflux symptoms that resembles the healthy population.\nFood intolerance is a common complaint amongst patients with functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders (FGIDs), includ... | [] | [
"Food intolerance is a common complaint amongst patients with functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders (FGIDs), including those with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), functional dyspepsia, as well as gastroesophageal reflux disease.",
"There is a great interest in the role of a major dietary protein, gluten, in t... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20601132",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23567359",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15316418",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21438963",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18853995"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002446",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005983",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005764",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
5357b9bcf1005d6b58000008 | list | Which are the major intramolecular phosphorylation sites of human Chk2 involved in cell cycle control? | [
"The major phosphorylation sites of human Chk2 involved in cell cycle control are T68, S19, and S33/35."
] | [
"T68",
"S19",
"S33/35"
] | [
"Transfection of HEK293 cells with Chk2 wildtype and Chk2 mutants in the absence or presence of DNA damage showed significant T68 phosphorylation already in the absence of DNA damaging reagents",
"Upon DNA damage, phosphorylation of additional Chk2 sites was observed (S19, S33/35)",
"Transfection of HEK293 cell... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18812180"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D010766",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D064447",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0016310",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CHK2_HUMAN",
"ht... |
54f482d264850a5854000009 | yesno | Is the Histidine-Rich Calcium Binding protein (HRC) related to arrhythmias and cardiac disease? | [
"Histidine-rich calcium binding protein (HRC) is a high capacity, low affinity Ca(2+) binding protein with a potential role in heart failure and arrhythmogenesis due to its activity as regulator of SR Ca(2+) uptake and Ca(2+) release.In addition, HRC null mice displayed a significantly exaggerated response to the i... | [
"yes"
] | [
"A human genetic variant (Ser96Ala) in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) histidine-rich Ca(2+)-binding (HRC) protein has been linked to ventricular arrhythmia and sudden death in dilated cardiomyopathy. ",
"These findings suggest that aberrant SR Ca2+ release and increased susceptibility to delayed afterdepolarizat... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22952658",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17030629",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20807542",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15191886",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24125847",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19403607",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006331",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4263030"
] |
5542644fed966d112c000004 | list | Which are the methods for in silico prediction of the origin of replication (ori) among bacteria? | [
"Several in silico methods have been applied for prediction of the origin of replication (ori). DNA base composition asymmetry, such as GC skew, is the basis of numerous in silico methods used to detect the ori in prokaryotes. The Z curve analysis is also used for ori identification. Comparative genomics, by BLAST ... | [
"GC skew analysis",
"Z curve analysis",
"comparative genomics",
"dnaA gene location",
"localization of dnaA binding sites (DnaA boxes)",
"localization of CtrA binding sites",
"localization of IHF binding sites",
"localization of cell division cycle (cdc6) gene",
"localization of other boundary genes... | [
"Based on the Z-curve theory, we have developed a web-based system Ori-Finder to predict oriCs in bacterial genomes with high accuracy and reliability by taking advantage of comparative genomics",
"we have applied a combination of multiple in silico approaches - Z curve, the cell division cycle (cdc6) gene locati... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18582175",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12218031",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18237442",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24822028",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23093601",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25309521",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0000808",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004261",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D018741",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_... |
5319a83bb166e2b80600002c | summary | What is the use of emulsion PCR in Next Generation Sequencing? | [
"Prior to Next Generation Sequencing reactions, DNA libraries are constructed, amplified with emulsion PCR, and enriched with the use of enrichment beads. The library samples are then loaded to a sequencing chip and analyzed on an NGS platform."
] | [] | [
"Emulsion PCR-coupled target enrichment: an effective fishing method for high-throughput sequencing of poorly preserved ancient DNA",
"We present a unified strategy in which emulsion PCR is coupled with target enrichment followed by next-generation sequencing. The method made it possible to obtain efficiently non... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23398507",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22668416",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23900195",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23148498",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21513157",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21543404",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016133",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004655",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D017422",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
531481ade3eabad021000016 | yesno | Can adult humans be induced to produce fetal hemoglobin? | [
"Fetal hemoglobin, or foetal haemoglobin, is the main oxygen transport protein in the human fetus during the last seven months of development in the uterus and in the newborn until roughly 6 months old. Functionally, fetal hemoglobin differs most from adult hemoglobin in that it is able to bind oxygen with greater... | [
"yes"
] | [
" At the time of birth, HbF accounts for approximately 70% of the total Hb. ",
" whereas in the trace amounts of HbF that is found in the adult it reverses to 40:60 because of a gamma- to beta-globin gene switch",
"With the increased understanding and discovery of molecular regulators of haemoglobin switching, ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24222332",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7541126",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20201948",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22460946",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17041717",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17456718",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#note",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A15585362",
"o": "MeSH"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#prefLabel",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C2350438",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/uml... | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4249367",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GLB_APLLI",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006454",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D055545",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
52ed27c098d0239505000030 | summary | What is the role of thyroid hormone in Stem cell differentiation? | [
"Thyroid hormone treatment of Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes attenuates the fetal gene expression and induces differentiation. Liganded T3 receptor (TR) regulates cell autonomous formation of adult intestinal progenitor cells and that T3 action in the connective tissue is important for t... | [] | [
"During T3-dependent amphibian metamorphosis, the digestive tract is extensively remodeled from the larval to the adult form for the adaptation of the amphibian from its aquatic herbivorous lifestyle to that of a terrestrial carnivorous frog. This involves de novo formation of ASCs that requires T3 signaling in bot... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22890105",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20667986",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23937304",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22468949",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22968643",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15450085",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013234",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013963",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002454"
] |
55242d512c8b63434a000006 | factoid | Which receptors can be evaluated with the [18F]altanserin? | [
"5-HT2A (5-hydroxytryptamine type 2a) receptor can be evaluated with the [18F]altanserin."
] | [
"5-HT2A"
] | [
"PURPOSE: While the selective 5-hydroxytryptamine type 2a receptor (5-HT2AR) radiotracer [18F]altanserin is well established in humans, the present study evaluated its suitability for quantifying cerebral 5-HT2ARs with positron emission tomography (PET) in albino rats.",
"CONCLUSION: [18F]Altanserin PET is a reli... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22940693",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20641567",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16206185",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23824248",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12902843",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12642173",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4263650"
] |
550316a6e9bde69634000029 | list | Which diseases have been associated with the PTPN22 620W allele? | [
"The functional polymorphism 620W in the intracellular tyrosine phosphatase PTPN22 gene has been shown to confer susceptibility to the development of type 1 diabetes, seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Hashimoto thyroiditis, and Wegener's granulomatosis (granulomatosis with polyangiiti... | [
"type 1 diabetes",
"seropositive rheumatoid arthritis",
"systemic lupus erythematosus",
"Hashimoto thyroiditis",
"Wegener's granulomatosis (granulomatosis with polyangiitis)"
] | [
"The frequency of the minor allele (620W) was significantly higher in GPA patients than in controls [P = 0.005, χ(2 )= 7.858, odds ratio (OR) = 1.91], while no statistically significant association was found with MPA or CSS. Among GPA patients, the 620W allele was particularly enriched in ANCA-positive patients as ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16277672",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16391555",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15790351",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16464986",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22237046",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15719322",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
513f45abbee46bd34c000013 | list | Which extra thyroid tissues have thyrotropin (TSH) receptors? | [
"TSH receptors are expressed also in extrathyroid tissues. TSH receptors seem to be functional. Extrathyroid tissues include fibrobasts of the orbit and adipose tissue\nThe principal tissues with TSH receptors are:\nadippose tissue\n orbital fibrotic tissue"
] | [
"adipose tissue",
"fibrotic tissue"
] | [
"GD orbital fibroblasts, which comprise a mixture of CD34(+) and CD34(-) cells, express much lower levels of Tg and TSHR",
"Previously, we found that CD34(+) progenitor cells, known as fibrocytes, express functional TSHR, infiltrate the orbit, and comprise a large subset of orbital fibroblasts in TAO. ",
"TSH i... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22399514",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22289392",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22517745",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21956421",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22496347"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011989",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4250044",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0004996"
] |
56ddbbaf51531f7e33000009 | list | Which histone modifications distinguish between promoters and enhancers? | [
"H3K27ac is a marker of active enhancers. An enhancer chromatin state signature associated with active developmental enhancers may be defined by high levels of H3K27ac marking, nucleosome displacement, hypersensitivity to sonication, and strong depletion of H3K27me3."
] | [
"H3K27ac enrichment",
"H3K27me3 depletion"
] | [
"Here, we used chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq) to measure genome-wide changes in histone H3 acetylation at lysine 27 (H3K27ac), a marker of active enhancers, in unstimulated HUVECs and HUVECs stimulated with VEGFA for 1, 4, and 12 h.",
"Here we use whole-transcripto... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24038352",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21937433",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20008934",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18441229",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19094206",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22421546",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
54e0ba781388e8454a000011 | factoid | Where is the metaxin complex localized? | [
"The metaxin complex is localized to the outer mitochondrial membrane."
] | [
"To the outer mitochondrial membrane."
] | [
" The C-terminus plays an important role in targeting TSPO to mitochondria, whereas its import into the OMM is dependent upon the presence of the Schellman motif. Final integration of TSPO into the OMM occurs via its interaction with Metaxin 1.",
" TOM20 (translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane), METAXIN,... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19552401",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9045676",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17981999",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17624330",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10381257",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11027586",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0032991",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MTX1_HUMAN",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0043234"
] |
517843638ed59a060a000036 | list | What are the major classes of retrotransposons active in the human genome? | [
"LINE-1 (L1), Alu, SVA"
] | [
"LINE-1",
"L1",
"Alu",
"SVA"
] | [
"Half of the human genome is composed of repeated DNA, and some types are mobile within our genome (transposons and retrotransposons). Despite their abundance, only a small fraction of them are currently active in our genome (Long Interspersed Element-1 (LINE-1), Alu, and SVA elements).",
"Since certain types of ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22528351",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23282240",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15867427",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22923465",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2165587",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16511833",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D018626"
] |
55031286e9bde6963400001b | list | Which are the clinical characteristics of Diamond-Blackfan anemia? | [
"Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a rare congenital erythroid hypoplastic anemia that usually presents early in infancy and is characterized by red cell aplasia, congenital anomalies, and a predisposition to cancer."
] | [
"Red cell aplasia",
"Congenital anomalies",
"Predisposition to cancer"
] | [
"The results indicated that out of 45 children diagnosed as DBA, 14 cases (31.1%) had short stature and physical malformation. All patients had anemia with reticulocytopenia. Thirty-four patients (75.6%) had mean corpuscular volume. Eleven patients (24.4%) had macrocytic anemia. Bone marrow examination showed a mar... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22739174",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20603584",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12679976",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20960466",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23795277"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D029503",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:1339"
] |
5335f053d6d3ac6a34000055 | factoid | How can the expression of SerH3 immobilization antigen be regulated? | [
"The expression of Tetrahymena surface proteins serotype H3 (SerH3) is under temperature regulation. SerH3 is expressed when cells are incubated between the temperatures of 20 and 35 degrees C."
] | [
"Temperature regulation"
] | [
"mRNA stability plays a major role in regulating the temperature-specific expression of a Tetrahymena thermophila surface protein.",
"The presence of specific proteins (known as immobilization antigens) on the surface of the ciliated protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila is under environmental regulation.",
"A temp... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2854007",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3537733",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3915784",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7828814",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4054606",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2233735",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov... | [
{
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"s": "http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9U697",
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},
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/fullName",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/#_513955363937005",
"o": "SerH3 immo... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005786",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012703",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0010628",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_... |
533ec7abc45e133714000015 | list | Which factors play a role in promoter proximal pausing of RNA polymerase II? | [
"NELF (negative elongator factor) and DSIF (DRB Sensitivity Inducing Factor)"
] | [
"NELF",
"DSIF"
] | [
"Among the factors we describe are the pausing factors--NELF (negative elongation factor) and DSIF (DRB sensitivity-inducing factor)",
"BMP target gene expression requires the pause-inducing negative elongation factor (NELF) complex",
"NA polymerase II (Pol II) and the pausing complex, NELF and DSIF, are detect... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23589332",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19245807",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18373978",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12782658",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20534440",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17942706",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0006366",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012319"
] |
54ecb640445c3b5a5f000001 | list | Which are the main clinical features of Fanconi anemia? | [
"Fanconi anaemia (FA) is an autosomal recessive disease characterised by congenital abnormalities, defective haemopoiesis, and increased risk of malignancies.",
"Fanconi anemia (FA) is a genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous recessive disorder characterized by diverse congenital malformations, progressive ... | [
"congenital abnormalities",
"defective haemopoiesis",
"increased risk of malignancies",
"cellular hypersensitivity to DNA crosslinking agents"
] | [
"The clinical features of cytopenia, developmental defects, and tumor predisposition are similar in each group, suggesting that the gene products participate in a common pathway.",
"Fanconi anemia (FA) is a genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous recessive disorder characterized by diverse congenital malform... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10915769",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12525534",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23444773",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21956823",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23585528",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21131752",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D051856",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:13636",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005199",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:1062"
] |
56f6c11109dd18d46b00000e | factoid | Which is the receptor for the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A (CsA)? | [
"Cyclophilin is the intracellular receptor protein for cyclosporin A (CsA)."
] | [
"cyclophilin"
] | [
"hemical modification of CsA has led to analogs with distinct biological activities associated with its protein receptor family, cyclophilins",
" the CsA receptor, cyclophilin",
"These results would support cyclophilin as the major, if not only, intracellular receptor protein for CsA. "
] | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25707381",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2477715",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3043797"
] | [] | [] |
513f3d1fbee46bd34c000010 | list | Which drugs may interfere thyroxine absorption? | [
"bile acid sequestrants, ferrous sulphate, sucralfate, calcium carbonate, aluminium-containing antacids, phosphate binders, raloxifene and proton-pump inhibitors, have also been shown to interfere with the absorption of levothyroxine\nsevelamer hydrochloride or chromium picolinate should be advised to separate the ... | [
"bile acide sequestrant",
"ferrous sulphate",
"sucralfate",
"Calcium carbonate",
"aluminium-containing antacids",
"raloxifene",
"proton pump inhibithors",
"sevelamer",
"chromium picolinate"
] | [
"ommonly used drugs, such as bile acid sequestrants, ferrous sulphate, sucralfate, calcium carbonate, aluminium-containing antacids, phosphate binders, raloxifene and proton-pump inhibitors, have also been shown to interfere with the absorption of levothyroxine",
"Hypothyroid patients taking sevelamer hydrochlori... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23264396",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21595516",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18996189",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18845642",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16898074",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17711927",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4250045",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013974",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000042"
] |
533581f5d6d3ac6a3400004d | yesno | Is Turcot syndrome associated with glioblastoma? | [
"Yes, Turcot syndrome is associated with glioblastoma. Turcot syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder clinically characterized by the occurrence of primary glial tumors of the central nervous system, including glioblastoma, and adenomatous colonic polyps during the first or second decades of life, with a spectr... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Turcot syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder clinically characterized by the occurrence of primary tumors of the central nervous system and adenomatous colonic polyps during the first or second decades of life, with a spectrum of clinical features such as \"café-au-lait\" spots, axillary freckling, and hyper... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24310308",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9505220",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2165772",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20657316",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10921328",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19156169",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [
{
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"s": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/diseases/4102",
"o": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/genes/PMSL2"
},
{
"p": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/disea... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005909",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3068",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:225",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3073",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cg... |
536e46f27d100faa09000012 | factoid | Which is the gene most commonly mutated in Tay-Sachs disease? | [
"HEXA gene, encoding the alpha-subunit of the lysosomal enzyme, beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase A"
] | [
"HEXA"
] | [
"mutations in the HEXA gene among Iraqi Jewish Tay-Sachs disease carriers",
"mutated HEXA alleles in a Druze patient with late-infantile Tay-Sachs disease",
"affected HEXA alleles were found in an Israeli Druze Tay-Sachs child born to first-cousin parents",
"abnormalities in the gene coding for the beta-hexos... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2967444",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14648242",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8411703",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3362213",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7858168",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8490625",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.go... | [
{
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"s": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/diseases/4016",
"o": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/genes/HEXA"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label",
"s": "ht... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D049290",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005678",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013661",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/a... |
553f7a71ab98a37113000009 | list | In which types of DNA repair is the UvrAB complex involved? | [
"UvrB and the lesion-recognition factor UvrA form the UvrAB complex, which plays a key role in bacterial nucleotide excision repair (NER). In transcription-coupled repair (TCR), the transcription repair coupling factor Mfd recruits uvrA, and the assembled UvrAB complex initiates repair. UvrAB complex also suppresse... | [
"nucleotide excision repair (NER)",
"transcription-coupled repair (TCR)",
"suppression of illegitimate recombination"
] | [
"illegitimate recombination is mostly suppressed by UvrA and UvrB.",
"UvrAB complex suppresses illegitimate recombination",
"Transcription-coupled repair (TCR) is a subpathway of nucleotide excision repair (NER) that acts specifically on lesions in the transcribed strand of expressed genes.",
"the transcripti... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10913608",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8702928",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11551204",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17630776",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2665605",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12145219",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0006281",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004260"
] |
531e2695267d7dd05300000f | factoid | What is the localization of the protein encoded by the gene DNAJC11? | [
"mitochondrial inner membrane"
] | [
"mitochondrial inner membrane"
] | [
" DnaJC11, respectively. The first three are outer membrane proteins, CHCHD3 has been assigned to the matrix space, and the other two proteins have not been described in mitochondria previously."
] | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17624330"
] | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A11657583",
"o": "25570"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#altLabel",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C1539296",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource... | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/DJC11_PONAB",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/DJC11_DICDI",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/DJC11_HUMAN",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/DJC11_MOUSE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/DJC11_BOVIN"
] |
5502abd1e9bde69634000008 | yesno | Is Calcium/Calmodulin dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) involved in cardiac arrhythmias and heart failure? | [
"Calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) is a multifunctional serine/threonine kinase expressed abundantly in the heart. CaMKII targets numerous proteins involved in excitation-contraction coupling and excitability, and its activation may simultaneously contribute to heart failure and cardiac arrhythmias. ... | [
"yes"
] | [
"In human hypertrophy, both CaMKII and PKA functionally regulate RyR2 and may induce SR Ca(2+) leak. In the transition from hypertrophy to HF, the diastolic Ca(2+) leak increases and disturbed Ca(2+) cycling occurs. This is associated with an increase in CaMKII- but not PKA-dependent RyR2 phosphorylation. CaMKII in... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24077098",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23279377",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18556468",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19333131",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19919992",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23781262",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0005954",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D017871",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0004683",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+... |
515df199298dcd4e5100002a | factoid | What is the lay name of the treatment for CCSVI (chronic cerebro-spinal venous insufficiency) in multiple sclerosis. | [
"The so-called \"LIberation therapy\" is in fact Endovascular Treatment and consists of PTA (Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty), which is dilatation of the internal jugular and/or azygous veins by a catheter venography. Stent placement is optional but has been strongly advised against as being dangerous."
] | [
"LIberation therapy"
] | [
"patients with relapsing-remitting (RR) multiple sclerosis (MS) receiving standard medical treatment who had been diagnosed with chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) and underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)",
"Although it is debated whether chronic cerebro-spinal venous insufficienc... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22687168",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23380649",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21856578",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22088659",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21679067",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21687341",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:2377",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009103"
] |
53148a07dae131f847000002 | factoid | Which hormone abnormalities are characteristic to Pendred syndrome? | [
"Thyroid hormone abnormalities are characteristic to Pendred syndrome. Hypothyroidism is the most common thyroid hormone abnormality in Pendred syndrome. Pendred syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by sensorineural deafness, goiter and a partial defect in iodide organification."
] | [
"thyroid hormone abnormalities"
] | [
"Loss or reduction of function mutations of SLC26A4 underlie Pendred syndrome, a disorder invariably leading to hearing loss with enlarged vestibular aqueducts and in some patients to hypothyroidism and goiter.",
"Goiter development and hypothyroidism vary among affected individuals and seem to be partially depen... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15279074",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10571950",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20298745",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15355436",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17697873",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7492068",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [
{
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"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A17838014",
"o": "E07.1"
},
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"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A17463293",
"o": "TDH2B"
},
{
"p": "h... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006728",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:225",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013577"
] |
52eea4dcc8da89891000000c | factoid | What is the mode of inheritance of long QT Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome? | [
"Jervell and Lange-Nielsen long QT syndrome (JLNS) is characterized by autosomal recessive mode of inheritance"
] | [
"autosomal recessive"
] | [
"Homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in KCNQ1 cause Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome, a rare, autosomal-recessive form of long-QT syndrome characterized by deafness, marked QT prolongation, and a high risk of sudden death.",
"KCNQ1 is associated with two different entities of LQTS, the autosomal-domin... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10593671",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23400408",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9341873",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1917338",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10077519",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11140949",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D029593",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008133",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D040582"
] |
53355befd6d3ac6a34000046 | list | List programs suitable for protein docking | [
"Macromolecular docking is the computational modelling of the quaternary structure of complexes formed by two or more interacting biological macromolecules. Protein–protein complexes are the most commonly attempted targets of such modelling, followed by protein–nucleic acid complexes.\nThe ultimate goal of docking ... | [
"CSBB-ConeExclusion",
"HADDOCK",
"ZDOCK",
"GalaxyDock",
"PHASE",
"DockRank",
"HotLig",
"SOL",
"AutodockVina",
"DockoMatic",
"DockTrina",
"CAVITY",
"LiGenDock",
"DOCK",
"DISCORE"
] | [
"We present CSBB-ConeExclusion, a methodology and computer program which provides a measure of the applicability of solution dockings to solid support",
"The structure of the α1I-peptide complex was investigated using data from NMR, small angle x-ray scattering, and size exclusion chromatography that were used to... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23198780",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23436713",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23862697",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23633577",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23812908",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23351099",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0005785",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0005047",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012984",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:... |
52f89f4f2059c6d71c00004e | list | Which genes have been found mutated in Gray platelet syndrome patients? | [
"The genetic defects responsible for gray platelet syndrome are mutations in the genes NBEAL2, GATA1 and GFI1B.",
"The genetic defect responsible for gray platelet syndrome was recently identified in biallelic mutations in the NBEAL2 gene.\nA nonsense mutation in the gene encoding the transcription factor GFI1B (... | [
"neurobeachin-like 2",
"NBEAL2",
"GATA1",
"GFI1B"
] | [
"We detected a nonsense mutation in the gene encoding the transcription factor GFI1B (growth factor independent 1B) that causes autosomal dominant gray platelet syndrome. ",
"The genetic defect responsible for gray platelet syndrome was recently identified in biallelic mutations in the NBEAL2 gene.",
"Here we s... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23100277",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23861251",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17209061",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21765411",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21765413",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21765412",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:225",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0030220",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0036345",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013577",
"http:/... |
56c85ed65795f9a73e000012 | factoid | Does dasatinib promote or inhibit T-cell proliferation? | [
"Dasatinib inhibits T-cell proliferation"
] | [
"inhibits"
] | [
"Dasatinib inhibited antigen-specific proliferation of murine CD4(+) and CD8(+) transgenic T cells in vitro and in vivo",
"Herein, we show that dasatinib inhibits TCR-mediated signal transduction, cellular proliferation, cytokine production, and in vivo T-cell responses. ",
"Both dasatinib and staurosporine inh... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19066329",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18395492",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17962511",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19056158",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18619726",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19016717",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4274027",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042098",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042130",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042102",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000069439",
... |
53314c98d6d3ac6a3400003b | yesno | Does SCRIB deregulation promote cancer? | [
"Yes, deregulation of scribble promotes cancer."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"human homologs of Drosophila dlg, scrib, and lgl are cancer-associated genes.",
"Aberrant overexpression of the cell polarity module scribble in human cancer.",
"we show that Scrib is nearly universally overexpressed in cultured tumor cell lines and genetically disparate cancer patient series compared with mat... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21643016",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14767561",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22169974",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21965329",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24276238",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19041750",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A7659777",
"o": "C36345"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#prefLabel",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C1514542",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resourc... | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:162",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/SCRIB_DANRE",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009369",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/LAP4_DROME"
] |
531d3dc0267d7dd053000005 | yesno | Is cardiac magnetic resonance imaging indicated in the pre-participation screening of athletes? | [
"Currently cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is not indicated in the pre-participation screening of athletes. However the potential of this imaging technique to provide new information on cardiac function morphology and myocardial composition, in particular with regard to myocardial fibrosis, gets it potentially s... | [
"no"
] | [
"As modern imaging further enhances our understanding of the spectrum of athlete's heart, its role may expand from the assessment of athletes with suspected disease to being part of comprehensive pre-participation screening in apparently healthy athletes.",
"Finally we will address the role of CMR in pre-particip... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22375189",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21567995",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22375228",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22653640",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19734502",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16914373",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D019028",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D054874",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008279",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
51542e84d24251bc05000083 | yesno | Is imatinib an antidepressant drug? | [
"No. Imatinib is a tyrosine-kinase inhibitor used in the treatment of multiple cancers, most notably Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)."
] | [
"no"
] | [
"Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common mesenchymal tumor of the gastrointestinal tract. Surgery remains the elective treatment. We retrospectively compared two group of patients, who underwent surgery for GIST before and after Imatinib advent in order to analyze the recurrence and survival rate."... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20676553",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19110398",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22593820",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16403813",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22460758",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16566359",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/diseasome/possibleDrug",
"s": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/diseases/724",
"o": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/drugbank/resource/drugs/DB00619"
},
{
"p": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/diseaso... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D007202",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4275840"
] |
551af9106b348bb82c000002 | summary | What is the function of the MTH1 enzyme in cancer cells? | [
"The MTH1 protein catalyzes hydrolysis of oxidatively damaged purine nucleotides including 8-hydroxy-dGTP to the monophosphates. The MTH1 protein seems to act as an important defense system against mutagenesis, carcinogenesis, and cell death induced by oxidized purine nucleotides."
] | [] | [
"the glucose-responsive transcription factor Mth1",
"Human MTH1 (hMTH1) is an enzyme that hydrolyses several oxidized purine nucleoside triphosphates to their corresponding nucleoside monophosphates",
" We have recently shown that oncogenic RAS-induced DNA damage and attendant premature senescence can be preven... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17071637",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17207658",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16621731",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21787772",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22556419",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24277933",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/8ODP_HUMAN",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004798",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/8ODP_MOUSE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/8ODP_RAT",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MTH1_YEAST"
] |
55413142182542114d000002 | yesno | Are ultraconserved elements depleted among copy number variants (CNVs)? | [
"Yes. Interestingly, human ultraconserved elements (UCEs) have been reported to be strongly depleted among segmental duplications and benign copy number variants (CNVs). These elements may be interpreted as hallmarks for dose-sensitive genes, particularly for those genes whose gain or loss may be directly implied i... | [
"yes"
] | [
"We have demonstrated that nonexonic UCEs are depleted among segmental duplications (SDs) and copy number variants (CNVs) and proposed that their ultraconservation may reflect a mechanism of copy counting via comparison. Here, we report that nonexonic UCEs are also depleted among 10 of 11 recent genomewide data set... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16998490",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18957701",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18174240",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25340765",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21092253"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D056915"
] |
5156be5ed24251bc05000087 | yesno | Is the microRNA 132 (miR-132) involved in brain pathologies? | [
"Yes. MicroRNA 132 (miR-132), is involved in brain pathologies."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"miR-132 dysregulation and subsequent abnormal expression of miR-132 target genes contribute to the neurodevelopmental and neuromorphological pathologies present in schizophrenia.",
"micro-RNAs encoding miR-9, miR-124a, miR-125b, miR-128, miR-132 and miR-219 are abundantly represented in fetal hippocampus, are di... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19458943",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21813326",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22315408",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21945804",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23001356",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19557767",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/name",
"s": "http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/10071047",
"o": "Brain"
},
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/name",
"s": "http://purl.uniprot.org/pubmed/10430839",
"o": "Brain"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#exactMatch",
... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002545",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0007420",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001928",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=ui... |
533c38b3c45e133714000009 | factoid | What is an approximate number of CTCF binding sites in the human genome? | [
"The number of CTCF binding sites in the human genome lies between 31,000 and 50,000."
] | [
"30,000-50,000"
] | [
"To study CTCF multivalency in vivo, we define ZF binding requirements at ∼50,000 genomic sites in primary lymphocytes. ",
"However, only ~3,700 out of the ~5,700 CTCFL- and ~31,000 CTCF-binding sites overlap."
] | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22955980",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22829947",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15229244",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15670593",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8034708",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11854173",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CTCF_HUMAN",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CTCF_RAT",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CTCF_MOUSE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CTCF_CHICK",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001665"
] |
516c220e298dcd4e51000071 | yesno | Does cucumber lower blood sugar in diabetics? | [
"Yes. Based on several scientific reports, ethanolic extract of cucumber and some other Cucurbitaceae plants are associated with a significant reduction of elevated blood glucose level, suggesting that cucumber could have antidiabetic activity."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"The ethanolic extract of Cucumis sativus Linn, Cucumis melo utilissimum Roxb, Cucumis melo Linn, Benincasa hispida Thunb Cogn and Tricosanthes anguina Nees, when administered in 250 mg/kg dose, orally to rats failed to lower blood sugar or to depress the peak value, after glucose load.",
"Ethanolic extract of Tr... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21264099",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/937227",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19276533",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19854256",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11451723",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17650589",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D003920",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001786",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D018553"
] |
550712739d0faaa527000008 | list | Which mutations in the cardiac isoform of the ryanodine receptor (RyR2) have been found to be related to CPVT? | [
"Recently, a novel CPVT RyR2 mutation, G230C, was found to increase the cytosolic, but not the luminal, Ca2+ sensitivity of single RyR2 channels in lipid bilayers. The novel RYR2-S4153R mutation has been implicated as a cause of CPVT and atrial fibrillation. A novel RyR2-V2475F mutation is associated with CPVT in h... | [
"RyR2-G230C",
"RyR2-S4153R",
"RyR2-V2475F",
"RyR2-R2474S",
"RyR2-N2386I",
"RyR2-L433P",
"RyR2-E189D",
"RyR2-R4497C (RyR2-R4496C in the mouse)",
"RyR2-V2306I,",
"RyR2-P4902L",
"RyR2-R4959Q",
"RyR2-S2246L",
"RyR2-N4104K"
] | [
"Recently, a novel CPVT RyR2 mutation, G230C, was found to increase the cytosolic, but not the luminal, Ca2+ sensitivity of single RyR2 channels in lipid bilayers.",
"These data suggest that the G230C mutation enhances the propensity for SOICR by sensitizing the channel to luminal and cytosolic Ca2+ activation, a... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23498838",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21659649",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12919952",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15890976",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23152493",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18483626",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RYR2_HUMAN"
] |
51542e6fd24251bc05000082 | factoid | Which population has a high frequency of the HLA-B*1502 allele? | [
"HLA-B*1502 has a high frequency in Han Chinese and other Asian populations, except Japanese. (There is a strong association between human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-B*1502 and carbamazepine-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS))."
] | [
"Han Chinese and other Asian populations, except Japanese"
] | [
"A strong association between human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B*1502 and CBZ-induced SJS/TEN has been reported in Han Chinese, Thai, Malaysian and Indian populations, but not in Caucasian or Japanese populations.",
"found a strong association between HLA-B*1502 and CBZ-induced SJS/TEN in the Han Chinese population ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16415921",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21424386",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15057820",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19915237",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19694795",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21306565",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A18289792",
"o": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#Label"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A7573122",... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D044469",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011153",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005828",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
54edeb4394afd6150400000b | summary | What are the observations regarding telomere integrity and function in Fanconi anemia? | [
"In Fanconi anemia patients, a higher rate of breakage at TTAGGG sequences in vivo is causing telomere erosion in differentiated cells. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that αIISp is important for telomere maintenance after DNA damage due to interstrand cross-links (ICL), localizing to telomeres in S phase after ... | [] | [
"We now demonstrate that αIISp is also important for telomere maintenance after ICL damage. It localizes to telomeres in S phase after ICL damage where it has enhanced association with TRF1 and TRF2 and is required for recruitment of the ICL repair protein, XPF, to damage-induced foci at telomeres. In telomerase-po... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23571757",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11591364",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11854176",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19129235"
] | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:13636",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0010833",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005199",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D... |
5522fadb7b523f2123000001 | yesno | Are Notch mutations related to T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (T-ALL)? | [
"Notch1 is a transmembrane receptor that is frequently mutated in human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Activating mutations in NOTCH1, an essential regulator of T cell development, are frequently found in human T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). ",
"Yes, Notch1 is a transmembrane receptor ... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Notch receptors participate in a highly conserved signalling pathway that regulates normal development and tissue homeostasis in a context- and dose-dependent manner. Deregulated Notch signalling has been implicated in many diseases, but the clearest example of a pathogenic role is found in T-cell lymphoblastic le... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24301524",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24252593",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18056171",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23033986",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23730497",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24401270",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:5603"
] |
52f1287d2059c6d71c000008 | summary | What is the role of the Tsix gene during X chromosome inactivation? | [
"One of the two X chromosomes in female mammalian cells is subject to inactivation (XCI) initiated by the Xist gene. Xist works as a functional RNA molecule that recruits repressive chromatin factors towards one of the female Xs for inactivation. The Tsix gene, antisense of Xist, through transcription negatively re... | [] | [
"A conservation of Tsix expression pattern in voles, rat and mice suggests a crucial role of the antisense transcription in regulation of Xist and XIC in rodents.",
"the Tsix gene (antisense counterpart of Xist)",
"One of the two X chromosomes in female mammalian cells is subject to inactivation (XCI) initiated... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17333538",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16648248",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21826206",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19013827",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12023758"
] | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:1900097",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0009048",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D041321",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+... |
54f4c382d0d681a040000006 | yesno | Is the protein FAK (Focal Adhesion Kinase) phosphorylated? | [
"yes, the protein FAK (Focal Adhesion Kinase) is phosphorylated."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Overexpression of NEDD9 led to tyrosine phosphorylation of FAK and SRC oncoproteins, ",
"yrosine phosphorylated FAK",
"TNFα contributes for attenuating both Y397FAK and Y416Src phosphorylations in osteoblasts.",
" It was possible to show that TNFα provokes attenuation at Y-phosphorylation of both FAK (at Y39... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24058594",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23970932",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24157923",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24311785",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24217647",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24121272",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#note",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A14256646",
"o": "Gene Ontology"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#prefLabel",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C1150610",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/res... | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/FAK1_HUMAN",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/FAK1_CHICK",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/FAK1_MOUSE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/FAK1_RAT"
] |
53442023aeec6fbd07000007 | factoid | Which is the substrate of the haspin kinase during mitosis? | [
"Haspin phosphorylates histone H3 at Thr3 (H3T3ph) during mitosis"
] | [
"Histone 3 at Thr3"
] | [
"aspin phosphorylates histone H3 at Thr3 (H3T3ph) during mitosis",
"protein kinase Haspin-mediated spreading of H3T3ph ",
"Haspin localizes predominantly to chromosomes and phosphorylates histone H3 at threonine-3 during mitosis",
"haspin/Gsg2 plays an important role in mitosis, where it specifically phosphor... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20953165",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17084365",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19918057",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23973165",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21514157",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21447816",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008938",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0007067",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0007088",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/HASP_DROME",
"http://www.uniprot... |
511a20f3df1ebcce7d00000c | list | Which are the most widely reported side-effects in the treatment of Crohn's disease? | [
"Leukopenia, paresthesia, psoriasis, alopecia and hemolysis are the most commonly reported side effects depending on the treatment. Severe adverse effects include myelosuppression, liver toxicity and hyperplasia, pancreatitis and pericarditis. The most severe but rare side-effects reported are progressive multifoca... | [
"Leukopenia",
"paresthesia",
"psoriasis",
"alopecia",
"hemolysis",
"pancreatitis",
"liver toxicity",
"pericarditis"
] | [
"Different cutaneous side effects have been described for anti-TNF-α therapy such as psoriasis",
"Anti-TNF drug-induced alopecia is a less well-known side effect of this class of drugs.",
"3 patients who developed scalp alopecia",
"Psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis induced in a patient treated with infliximab... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20458240",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3069176",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30666",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21453886",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21254868",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18989561",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.g... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:8577",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:8778"
] |
534427f8aeec6fbd07000009 | factoid | Are most driver gene mutations synonymous or non-synonymous? | [
"A common goal of tumor sequencing projects is finding genes whose mutations are selected for during tumor development. This is accomplished by choosing genes that have more non-synonymous mutations than expected from an estimated background mutation frequency. ",
"A common goal of tumor sequencing projects is f... | [
"non-synonymous"
] | [
"Therefore, this study highlights the need for multiple biopsies and sequencing during progression of a cancer and combinatorial DNA and RNA sequencing approach for systematic identification of expressed driver mutations.",
"Whole genome sequencing of the index liver metastasis identified 44 non-synonymous somati... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23799614",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15946860",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23819581",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19633228",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23935863",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23450047",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:162",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009369",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009154"
] |
550889db098a1b487b000005 | summary | What is the advantage of neutral loss detection in phosphoproteomics? | [
"The localization of phosphorylation sites in peptide sequences is a challenging problem in large-scale phosphoproteomics analysis. The intense neutral loss peaks and the coexistence of multiple serine/threonine and/or tyrosine residues are limiting factors for objectively scoring site patterns across thousands of ... | [] | [
"The higher-order fragmentations of neutral loss ions enhance the fragment ion mass spectra of phosphorylated peptides.",
"we identified a novel fragmentation mechanism that generates a phosphorylation site-specific neutral loss derived x-ion, which directly pinpoints the phosphorylated residue",
"CID of phosph... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21455477",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16641100",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18785766",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21526838",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15665377",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19241031",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
551c2c276b348bb82c00000c | yesno | Does ghrelin play a role in ischemic stroke? | [
"Yes. It has been shown that serum ghrelin levels are reduced after ischemic stroke and ghrelin is associated with stroke type. Ghrelin can be a useful marker for the prediction of stoke after cardiopulmonary bypass. Ghrelin may be neuroprotective after injury in animal models of cerebral ischemia by inhibiting apo... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Recent evidence suggests that ghrelin may also be neuroprotective after injury in animal models of cerebral ischemia.",
"Overall, these experiments point to a neurodegenerative but antiapoptotic effect of endogenous ghrelin in this model of global ischemia, highlighting that further research is essential before ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19352052",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23576609",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22167137",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24961317",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24768795",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20720512",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GHRL_LITCT",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D054439"
] |
554500065beec11c1000000b | summary | What is the mechanism of drug-induced gingival overgrowth? | [
"Drug-induced gingival overgrowth (GO) is a frequent and adverse side-effect associated principally with the administration of the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A (CsA) and also certain anti-epileptic and anti-hypertensive drugs. It is characterized by a marked increase in the thickness of the epithelial layer... | [] | [
"The results indicated that CsA stimulated cell proliferation in the pediatric fibroblast cell line",
"The mechanism of a CsA-induced fibroblast overgrowth may converge on the steps involving fibroblast proliferation and cytokine network including IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, TGF-β1, and PGE2, in both adults and pediatrics... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16712728",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8233439",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15221438",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23878564",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16006738",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12466121",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3086",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3087"
] |
56e6f419a12c1fc13b000002 | yesno | Is LPS a microbial product? | [
"Yes, the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a component of the bacterial cell wall."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"and microbial translocation [lipopolysaccaride (LPS), microbial 16S rDNA and sCD14] ",
"Lipopolysaccharide sensing an important factor in the innate immune response to Gram-negative bacterial infections",
"bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)",
"sterile bacterial wall lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to investigate th... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25957290",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18406367",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26029695",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25259707"
] | [] | [] |
533abc76d6d3ac6a34000064 | factoid | Which cyclin- dependent kinase inhibitor is regulated by Bmi-1? | [
"p16INK4 (also known as CDKN2A)"
] | [
"p16INK4"
] | [
"the knockdown of BMI-1 expression could lead to significant up-regulation of p16INK4a",
"In EC9706 cells transfected by Bmi-1 siRNA, the expression levels of p16 ",
"One important pathway regulated by Bmi-1 is that involving two cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, p16(Ink4a) and p19(Arf)",
"We also observe t... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19390085",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17989730",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18275833",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17102614",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17651940",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21496667",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CD2A1_MONDO",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0004861",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D019941",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0045736",
"http://www.nlm.ni... |
518cca6f310faafe0800000a | list | Which microRNAs are involved in exercise adaptation? | [
"miR-1, miR-133, miR-208a, miR-206, miR-494, miR-146a, miR-222, miR-21, miR-221, miR-20a, miR-133a, miR-133b, miR-23, miR-107 and miR-181 are involved in exercise adaptation"
] | [
"miR-1",
"miR-133",
"miR-208a",
"miR-206",
"miR-494",
"miR-146a",
"miR-222",
"miR-21",
"miR-221",
"miR-20a",
"miR-133a",
"miR-133b",
"miR-23",
"miR-107",
"miR-181"
] | [
"Some miRNAs as miR-1, miR-133 and miR-208a are highly expressed in the heart and strongly associated with the development of cardiac hypertrophy. Recent data indicate that these miRNAs as well as miR-206 change their expression quickly in response to physical activity.",
"the miR-494 content significantly decrea... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19440340",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21690193",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23242657",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23047984",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21311168",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20724368"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015444",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005081",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000222",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
51be1750047fa84d1d000005 | yesno | Has field-programmable gate array (FPGA) technology been used to solve sequence alignment problems? | [
"Yes. Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are reconfigurable computing platforms that have found several applications in diverse domains, including digital signal processing, medical imaging and bioinformatics. Specific applications of FPGAs for biological sequence alignment have been reported for dynamic progr... | [
"yes"
] | [
"A linear error model for the raw intensity data and Burrows-Wheeler transform (BWT) based alignment are combined utilizing a Bayesian score function, which is then globally optimized over all possible genomic locations using an efficient branch-and-bound approach. The algorithm has been implemented in soft- and ha... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21724593",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17555593",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18798993",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17946720",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18412963",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22151470",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#literalForm",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A0021572",
"o": "Alignments, Sequence"
}
] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D017421",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D017422",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D017423",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
5717cdd2070aa3d072000001 | list | List inhibtors targeting the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. | [
"Cyclosporine A\nAtractyloside\nN-metyl-4-isoleucine-cyclosporine\nSanglifehrin A \nTRO-19622",
"The opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore appears to be inhibited by KB-R 7943, diacylglycerol analog 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol, cyclosporin A (CsA) and BRL37344."
] | [
"Cyclosporine A",
"Atractyloside",
"N-metyl-4-isoleucine-cyclosporine",
"NIM811",
"Sanglifehrin A",
"TRO-19622"
] | [
"Postconditioning with cyclosporine a reduces early renal dysfunction by inhibiting mitochondrial permeability transition.",
"mitochondrial permeability transition pore inhibitor (Cyclosporine A).",
" treatment with the MPTP inhibitor atractyloside",
" cyclosporine A, an MPTP inhibitor,",
"NIM-811 (N-metyl-... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24968303",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20960209",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25063991",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12952973",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20966765",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20668412",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005757",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0046902"
] |
56d03a4d3975bb303a00000c | summary | What is ceritinib? | [
"Ceritinib is a second generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor, that serves as an effective and approved oral therapy for patients with ALK-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer."
] | [] | [
"We tested the antitumor activity of the next-generation ALK-TKI ceritinib in the patient with acquired resistance to alectinib. ",
"The first-generation ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) crizotinib is a standard therapy for patients with ALK-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).",
"Both ALK mutation... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24675041",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24891360",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25228534",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25733882",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25458559",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25101329",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
571f5c150fd6f91b68000009 | factoid | Which protein is found to be mutated in Friedreich's ataxia? | [
"It is generally accepted that Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is caused by a deficiency in frataxin expression, a mitochondrial protein involved in iron homeostasis, which mainly affects the brain, dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord, heart and in certain cases the pancreas",
"It is generally accepted that Friedre... | [
"Frataxin"
] | [
"It is generally accepted that Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is caused by a deficiency in frataxin expression, a mitochondrial protein involved in iron homeostasis, which mainly affects the brain, dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord, heart and in certain cases the pancreas",
"Friedreich's ataxia is a severe neuro... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12393810",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24242291",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20819074",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18206656",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12174969",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23247094",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
51387022bee46bd34c000002 | factoid | Which is the process that Conserved noncoding elements mostly regulate? | [
"Conserved noncoding elements play a fundamental role in regulating animal development"
] | [
"Development"
] | [
"Much evidence suggests that CNEs are selectively constrained and not mutational cold-spots, and there is evidence that some CNEs play a role in the regulation of development.",
"This result suggests that there is widespread adaptation in mammalian conserved noncoding DNA elements, some of which have been implica... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21175683",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18282512",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21629789",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21731768",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18279518",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16533910",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D017124"
] |
5178444e8ed59a060a000037 | summary | What is the main mechanism by which human papillomavirus proteins E6 and E7 contribute to cell transformation? | [
"Although they may have other targets, human papillomavirus proteins E6 and E7 interact with and block the function of p53 and pRb, respectively, therefore deregulating cell cycle and leading to cellular transformation."
] | [] | [
"The ability of high-risk HPV E6 and E7 protein to promote the degradation of p53 and pRb, respectively, has been suggested as a mechanism by which HPV oncogenes induce cellular transformation. E6 and E7 abrogate cell cycle checkpoints and induce genomic instability that leads to malignant conversion",
"The resul... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10809724",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17768080",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9537653",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8207801",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21643539",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9223480",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D050725",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0019087"
] |
56d1fd67f22319765a000002 | list | List bacterial species identified in the iceman tissues. | [
"Spirochete Treponema denticola\nClostridium perfringens\nClostridium ghonii\nClostridium sordellii\nEubacterium tenue\nBacteroides sp\nVibrio\nSphingomonas\nAfipia\nCurtobacterium\nMicrobacterium\nAgromyces"
] | [
"Spirochete Treponema denticola",
"Clostridium perfringens",
"Clostridium ghonii",
"Clostridium sordellii",
"Eubacterium tenue",
"Bacteroides sp",
"Vibrio",
"Sphingomonas",
"Afipia",
"Curtobacterium",
"Microbacterium",
"Agromyces"
] | [
"Here, we report the molecular detection of the oral spirochete Treponema denticola in ancient human tissue biopsies of the Iceman, a 5,300-year-old Copper Age natural ice mummy. ",
"The colon, on the other hand, contains several members of the fecal flora of humans, such as Clostridium perfringens, C. ghonii, C.... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10640948",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10861348",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24941044"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004755",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001419",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0016045"
] |
56df03c751531f7e3300000a | factoid | Which properties of the mRNA does N6-methyladenosine (m6A) affect? | [
"N(6)-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant modified base in eukaryotic mRNA and has been linked to diverse effects on mRNA fate. m6A predominantly and directly reduces mRNA stability."
] | [
"mRNA stability"
] | [
"N(6)-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant modified base in eukaryotic mRNA and has been linked to diverse effects on mRNA fate.",
"m(6)A predominantly and directly reduces mRNA stability, including that of key naïve pluripotency-promoting transcripts. ",
"Recent discoveries of reversible N(6)-methyladeno... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26121403",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19180239",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25475057",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3029112",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9409616",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6592581",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012333",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4252558"
] |
5539062dbc4f83e828000013 | summary | What is the implication of histone lysine methylation in medulloblastoma? | [
"Aberrant patterns of H3K4, H3K9, and H3K27 histone lysine methylation were shown to result in histone code alterations, which induce changes in gene expression, and affect the proliferation rate of cells in medulloblastoma."
] | [] | [
"Through targeted re-sequencing, we identified mutations of MLL2 in 8 % (14/175) of MBs, the majority of which were loss of function. Notably, we also report mutations affecting the MLL2-binding partner KDM6A, in 4 % (7/175) of tumors. While MLL2 mutations were independent of age, gender, histological subtype, M-st... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23179372",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23184418",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19270706"
] | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0034968",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0031060",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0051567",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3873",
"http://amigo.geneonto... |
54f616cd5f206a0c0600000c | summary | What is the Orco protein in mosquitos? | [
"Odorant co-receptor."
] | [] | [
"Insect odorant receptors function as heteromeric odorant-gated cation channels comprising a conventional odorant-sensitive tuning receptor, and a conserved co-receptor (Orco)",
"Insects sense odours via several chemosensory receptor families, including the odorant receptors (ORs), membrane proteins that form het... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22269900",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23292750",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23894621",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22272331",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21555561",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23352695",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/OR83B_DROME",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009033"
] |
517775c78ed59a060a000033 | list | List some ways to reverse Tau hyperphosphorylation in Tauopathies? | [
"Different ways have been used to try to reverse Tau hyperphosphorylation through administration of inhibitors such as: 7-nitroindazole, memantine, glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitors. \nOther approaches are transplantation of Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and administration of M1 mus... | [
"Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSC) transplantation",
"Administration of 7-nitroindazole (neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitor)",
"Administration of Memantine (un-competitive inhibitor of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors)",
"Administration glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK... | [
"tau hyperphosphorylation were dramatically reduced in hUCB-MSC transplanted APP/PS1 mice",
"Administration of 7-nitroindazole to CMS-exposed old rats significantly (p=0.002) increased GAD activity, decreased glutamate levels (7.19+/-3.19 vs. 763.9+/-91 micromol/g tissue protein; p=0.0005), and decreased phosphor... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12212772",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16806196",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20471717",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16687499",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18755209"
] | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TAU_MOUSE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TAU_HUMAN",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D010766",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0042327",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_detai... |
56c5ade15795f9a73e000003 | summary | What is the role of 5hmC (5 hydroxy-methyl-Cytocine) in differentiation? | [
"The balance between 5hmC and 5mC in the genome is linked with cell-differentiation processes such as pluripotency and lineage commitment. Tet1-mediated antagonism of CpG methylation imparts differential maintenance of DNA methylation status at Tet1 targets, ultimately contributing to mESC differentiation and the o... | [] | [
"5-Methylcytosine (5 mC) in genomic DNA has important epigenetic functions in embryonic development and tumor biology.",
"The modification of DNA by 5-methylcytosine (5mC) has essential roles in cell differentiation and development through epigenetic gene regulation.",
"Notably, the balance between 5hmC and 5mC... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24838624",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21514197",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22722204",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21873190",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25263596",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22234893",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
533be71dfd9a95ea0d000009 | factoid | Which is the histone residue methylated by MLL1? | [
"Histone H3 at lysine 4 (H3K4)"
] | [
"H3K4"
] | [
"lack of interaction with the histone methyltransferase, MLL1, resulting in decreased histone H3K4me3 and gene transcription",
"histone H3K4me3 methylase MLL1 complex",
"MEN1 encodes menin, a subunit of MLL1/MLL2-containing histone methyltransferase complexes that trimethylate histone H3 at lysine 4 (H3K4me3",
... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18562676",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22666422",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19855399",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17942719",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21875999",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16651450",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MLL1_MOUSE",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0042054",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/SETMR_HUMAN",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0042800",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find... |
56f157a52ac5ed1459000011 | summary | What is CRISPRi? | [
"Clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats interference (CRISPRi). This discovery tool is is used for genetic screening based on loss-of-function phenotypes.",
"The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats interference (CRISPRi) system is used for targeted silencing of transcription in ... | [] | [
"CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) for sequence-specific control of gene expression.",
"(CRISPRi), for targeted silencing of transcription in bacteria and human cells. The CRISPRi system is derived from the Streptococcus pyogenes CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats) pathway, requiring only the... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23849981",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25409531",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24136345",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25566532",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23452860",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26098216",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
56c8274f5795f9a73e00000d | factoid | Which type of cells is affected in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis? | [
"Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder in which motor neurons are affected."
] | [
"Motor neurons"
] | [
"Activation of microglia, CNS resident immune cells, is a pathological hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a neurodegenerative disorder affecting motor neurons.",
"We report that both small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) 1 and SUMO2/3 modify ALS-linked SOD1 mutant proteins at lysine 75 in a motoneuro... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23197818",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24269728",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20846186",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22900096",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24971881",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22797053",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
52b2efcb4003448f55000005 | yesno | Is Achondroplasia associated with hearing loss? | [
"Yes, there is hearing deficit in achondroplasia"
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"A hearing screening program was performed to determine the prevalence of hearing loss and abnormal tympanometry in individuals with short-stature skeletal dysplasias attending a national meeting. Behavioral audiometry, otoacoustic emission testing, and tympanometry were used to assess hearing. Failed hearing scree... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3143244",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22628261",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9733026",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3240244",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22183904",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8456822",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.g... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000130",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006309",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:4480",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Ex... |
53455e0caeec6fbd0700000f | yesno | Is the JNK pathway activated during liver regeneration? | [
"Yes, the Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway is strongly activated after partial hepatectomy."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"analysis of the role of JNK signaling pathway in regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis of rat liver regeneration",
"paths of JNK signaling pathway regulate cell proliferation and apoptosis in both LR",
"c-jun is not mandatory for mouse hepatocyte proliferation ",
"Mice lacking c-jun in the liver displa... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18671679",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18382767",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20207439",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21354444",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21338344",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16797887",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020935",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0031099",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012038",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_... |
56caf71b5795f9a73e00002d | yesno | Is STAT3 transcription factor regulated by mTORC1? | [
"mTORC1 was found to regulate STAT3 activity in, at least, three ways: 1) after induction by IL6, 2) by direct phosphorylation during hypoxia, to promote HIF-1α mRNA transcription, and 3) after activation by excess amino acids, which then positively regulate Notch1 expression through STAT3 activation."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Mechanistically, mTORC1 mediated IL-6-induced Stat3 activation in intestinal epithelial cells to stimulate the expression of downstream targets essential for cell proliferation and tissue regeneration. Therefore, mTORC1 signaling critically protects against inflammatory bowel disease through modulation of inflamma... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24931163",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22055460",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26026060",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24302004",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23641065"
] | [] | [] |
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