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The law requires a warrant or consent before searching someone to gather evidence for criminal charges.
[ "Ferguson v. City of Charleston" ]
New York v. Belton
Overruled
Government-granted exclusive production authority permits the rightsholder to dictate the downstream sale pricing for licensed products despite having only a single licensee.
[ "United States v. Huck Manufacturing Co." ]
null
Refuted
When a legislative enactment establishes a procedure for contesting government seizures of assets to satisfy monetary liabilities, that law is typically the sole legally permissible method for such contests, irrespective of other potential avenues for restitution.
[ "EC Term of Years Trust v. United States" ]
null
Refuted
When residential frameworks result in racial disparities, the agency must verify the absence of alternative methods capable of accomplishing the objective without perpetuating the adverse impact.
[ "Magner v. Gallagher", "Mount Holly v. Mt. Holly Gardens Citizens in Action, Inc." ]
null
Supported
Roles with responsibilities almost entirely confined to subnational jurisdictions require no confirmation from the upper legislative chamber regardless of authority exercised.
[ "Financial Oversight and Management Board for Puerto Rico v. Aurelius Investment, LLC" ]
null
Refuted
Courts have held that banning images for advertising suggesting juveniles in sexual conduct is unconstitutional if the content lacks living minors or fails to meet standards for material that is patently offensive and devoid of redeeming social value.
[ "Ashcroft v. Free Speech Coalition" ]
null
Supported
Defendants cannot ask federal courts to overturn their death sentences using legal arguments based on rights that did not exist at the time of their trial.
[ "Gray v. Netherland" ]
null
Supported
The medication must not cause side effects that would make the trial unfair.
[ "Sell v. United States" ]
null
Supported
Persons tasked with financial recovery may employ public organization header pages in correspondence as long as those headers truthfully indicate their assigned responsibilities.
[ "Sheriff v. Gillie" ]
null
Refuted
Merely being positioned on aquatic surfaces is insufficient for determining an object's status as a maritime conveyance.
[ "Lozman v. Riviera Beach" ]
null
Supported
The Bill of Rights was designed to restrict only the federal government's actions, not state governments.
[ "Barron ex rel. Tiernan v. Mayor of Baltimore" ]
null
Supported
Mandatory display of state messages contradicting personal beliefs is forbidden.
[ "Wooley v. Maynard" ]
null
Supported
Compliance with court-imposed terms may be monitored through inspections of supervisees in the absence of judicial permission.
[ "Griffin v. Wisconsin" ]
null
Supported
When checking if a redistricting plan follows the Voting Rights Act, courts must look at the entire plan, not just individual districts.
[ "Georgia v. Ashcroft" ]
null
Supported
The rule against being tried twice for the same crime does not prevent a criminal trial after punishment for breaking a court order.
[ "United States v. Dixon" ]
Rutledge v. United States
Overruled
Consumers obtaining credit are not obligated to return funds before voiding a financial transaction under federal law mandating clear credit disclosure.
[ "Jesinoski v. Countrywide Home Loans, Inc." ]
null
Supported
Procedural irregularities in court approval for intercepting communications do not automatically make collected information inadmissible
[ "Dahda v. United States" ]
null
Refuted
Legislative provisions granting access to judicial remedies do not bar private binding dispute resolution.
[ "CompuCredit Corp. v. Greenwood" ]
null
Supported
Simply changing practices after the enactment of anti-discrimination laws is not a defense against claims of prior discrimination; evidence demonstrating the prior practices did not affect outcomes is also required.
[ "Hazelwood School District v. United States" ]
null
Refuted
The nation's central administration faces no exemption when harm derives from non-inundation surface flows; liability protection holds only for true deluge events in its constructed systems.
[ "Central Green Company v. United States" ]
null
Supported
State court handling of lawsuits related to physical harm on water-based vessels is conditional upon federal protection of the owning entity's right to reduce compensation obligations.
[ "Lewis v. Lewis & Clark Marine, Inc." ]
null
Supported
Judicial review of retirement compensation plans' suitability is statutorily barred.
[ "United Mine Workers of America Health & Retirement Funds v. Robinson" ]
null
Supported
Constitutional safeguards against unjustified government intrusion into private spaces vary for those living permanently there, those occupying for a single night, and individuals present momentarily.
[ "Minnesota v. Carter" ]
null
Refuted
Law enforcement authorities must immediately halt all interrogations following a detainee's request for legal representation.
[ "Escobedo v. Illinois" ]
Maryland v. Shatzer
Overruled
Forgetting the crime does not make it illegal to execute someone under the Eighth Amendment.
[ "Madison v. Alabama" ]
null
Supported
Public schools can enforce a rule that all student organizations must accept all students without violating the First Amendment.
[ "Christian Legal Society Chapter v. Martinez" ]
Boy Scouts of America v. Dale
Overruled
The First Amendment prevents states from using unclear election rules that block political groups from getting candidates on the ballot without specific reasons.
[ "Hadnott v. Amos" ]
null
Supported
The privilege to refuse testimony that might demonstrate personal culpability applies exclusively to proceedings under the nation's own authority.
[ "United States v. Balsys" ]
null
Refuted
Restrictions on coordinated party spending are allowed to prevent people from getting around contribution limits.
[ "Federal Election Commission v. Colorado Republican Federal Campaign Committee" ]
null
Supported
If trust income hasn't been distributed to beneficiaries and they can't control it, the state can tax that income, provided the beneficiary is domiciled within the state.
[ "North Carolina Department of Revenue v. The Kimberley Rice Kaestner 1992 Family Trust" ]
null
Refuted
The constitutional guarantees regarding group membership and voice opinions are not offended by regulations establishing who may engage in political organizations' candidate selection process.
[ "Clingman v. Beaver" ]
null
Refuted
Under federal law enacted to prevent nonmeritorious deception claims, plaintiffs must establish that evidence pointing toward deliberate falsehoods outweighs all plausible explanations consistent with lawful behavior.
[ "Tellabs, Inc. v. Makor Issues & Rights, Ltd." ]
null
Refuted
Local jurisdictions regulate transportation risk mitigation for commercial road services when granted authority by state statutes under federal law.
[ "City of Columbus v. Ours Garage and Wrecker Service, Inc." ]
null
Refuted
U.S. national authority owns all underwater territories past 4.8 kilometers from the shoreline, except for water channels deemed traversable by vessels under state legal criteria.
[ "Alaska v. United States" ]
null
Supported
When an independent entity performs state-directed duties while collaborating with public officers, foundational legal principles apply to its actions.
[ "Brentwood Academy v. Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assn." ]
null
Refuted
State judicial authorities may apply common land regulations and authenticated records to resolve ownership conflicts, overriding the determinations of faith-based administrative bodies or spiritual tenets.
[ "Jones v. Wolf" ]
null
Refuted
Government health oversight applies solely to items designed for curing or preventing illness.
[ "Food and Drug Administration v. Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation" ]
null
Supported
Employees of private contractors and subcontractors are not protected from retaliation under the whistleblower provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act when reporting fraud involving a public company.
[ "Lawson and Zang v. FMR, LLC" ]
null
Refuted
Legislation mandating distinct accommodations categorized by ancestry is lawful when those accommodations exhibit equivalent quality.
[ "Plessy v. Ferguson" ]
Barr v. City of Columbia; Evans v. Newton; Loving v. Virginia
Overruled
A state cannot suppress the public sharing of factual information regarding alcohol products if the only aim is reducing total intake, regardless of constitutional authority for liquor regulation.
[ "44 Liquormart Inc. v. Rhode Island" ]
null
Refuted
Constitutionally mandated judicial bodies adhere to litigation process regulations unless implementing them would alter substantive entitlements.
[ "Hanna v. Plumer" ]
null
Supported
When a railroad stops using an easement, the land returns to the private property owner whose land the easement crosses.
[ "Brandt Revocable Trust v. United States" ]
null
Supported
Statements made by members of the judiciary to individuals performing jury service about the proceedings constitute improper conduct as a consequence of their designated duties.
[ "Parker v. Gladden" ]
null
Supported
An agency with broad authority to remedy unfair labor practices is not required to deny reinstatement with backpay to an employee who has provided false testimony, even in a formal proceeding.
[ "ABF Freight Systems, Inc. v. National Labor Relations Board" ]
null
Refuted
Applying a mathematical formula to a specific process does not make the method patentable.
[ "Parker v. Flook" ]
null
Supported
U.S. law bars states from charging more for commercial vehicle operations crossing multiple jurisdictions than permitted by a one-time enrollment mechanism.
[ "Mid-Con Freight Systems, Inc. v. Michigan Public Service Commission" ]
null
Refuted
For a guilty verdict to remain valid, the government must confirm the accused's purpose to instill fear of bodily harm.
[ "Elonis v. United States" ]
null
Refuted
Article III courts adjudicate disputes necessitating interpretation of government revenue statutes.
[ "Grable & Sons Metal Products v. Darue Engineering & Manufacturing" ]
null
Supported
Eliminating state-mandated racial separation alone fails to satisfy constitutional non-discrimination standards; governments must address enduring consequences from historical segregation regardless of current regulations' superficial fairness.
[ "United States v. Fordice" ]
null
Refuted
Federal law passed in 1964 prohibits consideration of gender for job decisions.
[ "Hishon v. King & Spalding", "R.G. & G.R. Harris Funeral Homes Inc. v. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission" ]
null
Supported
Constitutional safeguards against contributing to one's own prosecution are violated when pressured disclosures are presented during a pre-charging judicial assessment.
[ "City of Hays, Kansas v. Vogt" ]
null
Supported
Constitutional guarantees protecting free speech and equal justice allow varying fiscal burdens across information platforms when their goal is not to silence communication.
[ "Leathers v. Medlock" ]
null
Refuted
Per federal hazardous waste law, parties may not pursue shared remediation cost recovery until their specific statutory responsibilities are settled.
[ "Guam v. United States" ]
null
Supported
Maritime law bars monetary awards intended for retribution in lawsuits where crew injuries result from unsafe craft conditions.
[ "The Dutra Group v. Batterton" ]
null
Supported
Compelling a business to host expression pathways via regulatory edicts does not convert the enterprise into a government entity constrained by the national charter.
[ "Manhattan Community Access Corp. v. Halleck" ]
null
Refuted
Juries assess the credibility of statements from individuals present during the incident, even in the face of factual inaccuracies.
[ "Perry v. New Hampshire" ]
null
Supported
In trials where death is a possible sentence, the judiciary must examine individuals designated to decide punishment on their ability to weigh all available options; omission of this inquiry harms the accused's procedural fairness guarantees and produces a verdict panel lacking neutrality.
[ "Morgan v. Illinois" ]
null
Refuted
Decisions to restrict speech must be made within a specific time limit.
[ "Freedman v. Maryland" ]
null
Supported
Judicial systems below federal authority typically do not possess competence in cases on federally recognized tribal lands, even if federal statutes empower them to assume control.
[ "Williams v. Lee" ]
null
Refuted
If a person is taken into custody away from the transportation unit, police must obtain a judge's authorization before examining any space intended for occupants.
[ "Florida v. Thomas" ]
null
Supported
The national agency overseeing commerce cannot deny a product's distinguishing sign merely on grounds of public unease generated by its content.
[ "Iancu v. Brunetti", "Matal v. Tam" ]
null
Supported
When a merchant claims exemption based on customer-specific monetary discrepancies, they must show that a rational person regards the changed obligations as vital to respond to another bidder's terms.
[ "Falls City Industries, Inc. v. Vanco Beverage, Inc." ]
null
Supported
For a federal court to review the lawfulness of state detention, a person subject to state custody must navigate all available state judicial pathways and present every contention to the court of last resort when customary practice mandates it.
[ "O'Sullivan v. Boerckel" ]
null
Refuted
Organizations are not mandated to offer identical workplace modifications to those carrying a child versus other employees with similar physical job restrictions.
[ "Young v. United Parcel Service, Inc." ]
null
Refuted
Using public money for religious schools can lead to political conflicts about religion.
[ "Lemon v. Kurtzman" ]
null
Supported
A patent is directly infringed only when every step of the patented method is performed.
[ "Limelight Networks v. Akamai Technologies" ]
null
Supported
Exclusive rights to an invention cease upon expiration, and employing the invention requires no payment to the former holder.
[ "Kimble v. Marvel" ]
null
Supported
Regardless of public concerns about practicality, state-level authorities may govern selected economic sectors.
[ "Ferguson v. Skrupa" ]
null
Supported
Individuals engaged by the main federal vendor have no right to claim public money when the top service provider fails to pay unless Congress expressly removes the shield protecting federal authorities from litigation.
[ "Department of the Army v. Blue Fox, Inc." ]
null
Refuted
Movement across international boundaries is contingent upon state imperatives and diplomatic engagement.
[ "Haig v. Agee" ]
null
Supported
A modification of a staff member's responsibilities to unappealing tasks may be considered unlawful retaliation if it would deter a typical workplace participant from raising concerns about biased practices.
[ "Burlington Northern & Santa Fe Railway Co. v. White" ]
null
Refuted
Legislation mandating very simple attire to conceal bare skin infringes upon the right to communicate ideas despite attire preserving message comprehension, because the limitation on expression lacks precise targeting of legitimate societal objectives and disproportionately harms the communicative core.
[ "City of Erie v. Pap's A.M." ]
null
Refuted
Courts are not required to confirm the credibility of speech from members of an illegal scheme before permitting such communications as proof.
[ "Bourjaily v. United States" ]
Bruton v. United States; Lilly v. Virginia
Overruled
Courts will not stop a law from being enforced just because someone thinks it might be used improperly in the future.
[ "Boyle v. Landry" ]
Susan B. Anthony List v. Driehaus
Overruled
Contradictory data cannot alone trigger federal judicial reversal of state courts' factual determinations.
[ "Rice v. Collins" ]
null
Supported
Property owners at toxic sites are legally liable and must obtain federal authorization before removing contaminants.
[ "Atlantic Richfield Co. v. Christian, et al." ]
null
Refuted
Financial sanctions aimed at deterring future misconduct must mirror the tangible harm and the breach's severity; sums significantly beyond rational limits infringe upon constitutional procedural guarantees.
[ "BMW of North America, Inc. v. Gore" ]
null
Refuted
Court-ordered financial relief requires the affected party to prove that the accused's unlawful acts are the proximate cause of their monetary losses.
[ "Paroline v. United States" ]
null
Refuted
State legal representatives must disclose information that benefits the defense when withholding it might significantly alter the case's outcome.
[ "United States v. Bagley", "Wood v. Bartholomew" ]
null
Refuted
Public discourse regarding workplace conflicts is shielded by the Constitution against state tort liability for reputational harm due to false statements.
[ "Old Dominion Branch No. 496, National Association of Letter Carriers, AFL-CIO v. Austin" ]
null
Supported
Once a jury finds a person not guilty of a specific allegation, the prosecution may pursue differing claims that hinge on a substantive determination settled to their advantage in the prior judgment.
[ "Yeager v. United States" ]
null
Refuted
Monetary compensation for lost earnings from illegal workplace obstruction does not automatically qualify as unreasonable when used to offset injury.
[ "International Union, United Automobile, Aircraft and Agricultural Implement Workers of America (UAW-CIO) v. Russell" ]
null
Refuted
Dismissal for illegal work stoppages under subnational laws does not violate constitutional due process protections.
[ "Hortonville Independent School District No. 1 v. Hortonville Education Association" ]
null
Supported
Federal maritime law covers workers with durable ties to ships or collectives who encounter recurring marine hazards.
[ "Harbor Tug & Barge Company v. Papai" ]
null
Refuted
Laws that mention specific court cases to identify which statutes they affect are allowed as long as they change the legal rules.
[ "A. L. A. Schechter Poultry Corporation v. United States", "Brown v. Gardner", "Gundy v. United States", "Robertson v. Seattle Audubon Society" ]
null
Supported
A shipwreck's abandonment is not automatically established, even with the passage of time or the existence of unresolved claims from when it sank.
[ "California v. Deep Sea Research, Inc." ]
null
Refuted
When a young person requires a medical procedure to terminate a pregnancy without notifying parents, the state-mandated review process fails to uphold constitutional requirements for fair treatment.
[ "Ohio v. Akron Center for Reproductive Health" ]
null
Refuted
The constitutional doctrine of federal preemption invalidates state-imposed asymmetries in legal requirements for binding third-party settlement protocols versus other binding consensual obligations.
[ "Doctor's Associates Inc. v. Casarotto" ]
Allied-Bruce Terminix Co. v. Dobson; GE Energy Power Conversion France SAS v. Outokumpu Stainless USA LLC; Mitsubishi Motors Corporation v. Soler Chrysler-Plymouth, Inc.
Overruled
Constitutionally supported judicial processes require those under criminal charge to have visual engagement with and the ability to question opposing testimony during trial.
[ "Coy v. Iowa" ]
null
Refuted
Media platforms have no requirement to modify or delete harmful falsehoods in public addresses by individuals seeking elected office under statutory qualifications and are immune from claims for reputational damage arising from said content.
[ "Farmers Educational & Cooperative Union of America v. WDAY, Inc." ]
null
Refuted
Statutes requiring businesses to absorb sudden, heavy financial obligations arising from prior dealings violate the nation's founding principles.
[ "Allied Structural Steel Company v. Spannaus" ]
null
Supported
The government cannot strip an individual of their standing as a U.S. national if the grounds for doing so stem from a claim that was factually mistaken yet irrelevant to the final approval decision.
[ "Chaunt v. United States", "Maslenjak v. United States" ]
null
Supported
Financial shortfall arising from temporary personnel exclusion is too trivial to invoke procedural review prior to enforcement.
[ "Gilbert v. Homar" ]
null
Supported
The absence of clarity in judicial documentation regarding former convictions necessitates that foreign persons provide supplementary evidence establishing no deception or grave immorality in the underlying acts.
[ "Pereida v. Wilkinson" ]
null
Supported
Judges may determine that a protected invention's exclusive rights have been violated through functional overlap in alternative processes, without comprehensive review of required provisions under the relevant judicial standard.
[ "Warner-Jenkinson Company, Inc. v. Hilton Davis Chemical Company" ]
null
Refuted
Federal law mandates a single-state regulatory contact point for interstate commercial vehicles, prohibiting states from levying fees for this process while allowing other vehicle transit charges.
[ "Mid-Con Freight Systems, Inc. v. Michigan Public Service Commission" ]
null
Refuted
Public calls to cease armaments production lack constitutional protection when immediate threats to national security arise.
[ "Abrams v. United States" ]
null
Supported
The Speedy Trial Act does not require proving that the motion was expected to delay the trial.
[ "United States v. Tinklenberg" ]
null
Supported
Government receipts for real estate transactions utilize an estimation distinct from the amount prospective purchasers would agree to.
[ "Limtiaco v. Camacho" ]
null
Refuted
Courts may award monetary relief for breaches of the supreme law of the land absent financial harm.
[ "Uzuegbunam v. Preczewski" ]
null
Supported