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2,321,300 | Robot-assisted navigated endoscopic ventriculostomy: implementation of a new technology and first clinical results. | Important landmarks in the evolution of advanced neurosurgical techniques during the past decades include microneurosurgery, neuro-endoscopy and its minimally invasive nature, as well as neuronavigation and advanced intra-operative imaging. With conventional neuroendoscopic techniques, e.g. free-hand endoscopy or the u... |
2,321,301 | Reversible transinsular herniation of the lateral ventricle. | We present a 7-year-old boy, with a history of neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage, leading to hydrocephalus with multiple shunt revisions. The current presentation of shunt failure and resultant hydrocephalus was complicated by herniation of the trigone of the lateral ventricle into the posterior fossa. Despite the d... |
2,321,302 | A technique for long-term implantation of a microcatheter into the third ventricle of post-pubertal Chinese Meishan pigs based on ventriculography. | The objectives of this study were to implant a microcatheter into the third ventricle of post-pubertal Chinese Meishan pigs, and to maintain the microcatheter for a long time without causing stress. Fourteen pigs (45-60 kg BW) were used. Each pig was anesthetized and the head was orientated on the stereotaxic apparatus... |
2,321,303 | Gross mapping of alpha1-adrenoceptors that regulate behavioral activation in the mouse brain. | Brain alpha1-adrenoceptors that participate in behavioral activation were mapped in the mouse brain by determining where microinjection of the alpha1-antagonist, terazosin, inhibited behavioral activity in a novel cage test. A total of 5 out of 23 tested regions were shown to be involved including the dorsal pons/locus... |
2,321,304 | Pursuit of roles for metabotropic glutamate receptors in the anteroventral third ventricular region in regulating vasopressin secretion and cardiovascular function in conscious rats. | This study aimed to evaluate the roles of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in the anteroventral third ventricular region (AV3V; a pivotal area for osmotic responses and PGE2 actions) in regulating AVP secretion and cardiovascular function. In conscious and unrestrained rats, we examined the effects of AV3V inf... |
2,321,305 | Harnessing endogenous stem cells to treat neurodegenerative disorders of the basal ganglia. | New neurons are continuously generated in selective regions of the normal adult mammalian brain. Recent evidence suggests that neural stem or progenitor cells located in the subventricular zone lining of the lateral ventricles can be induced to proliferate and migrate to the adjacent striatum following brain insults or... |
2,321,306 | Dopamine depletion impairs precursor cell proliferation in Parkinson disease. | Cerebral dopamine depletion is the hallmark of Parkinson disease. Because dopamine modulates ontogenetic neurogenesis, depletion of dopamine might affect neural precursors in the subependymal zone and subgranular zone of the adult brain. Here we provide ultrastructural evidence showing that highly proliferative precurs... |
2,321,307 | Heterogeneous expression of repolarizing, voltage-gated K+ currents in adult mouse ventricles. | Previous studies have documented the expression of four kinetically distinct voltage-gated K(+) (Kv) currents, I(to,f), I(to,s), I(K,slow) and I(ss), in mouse ventricular myocytes and demonstrated that I(to,f) and I(to,s) are differentially expressed in the left ventricular apex and the interventricular septum. The exp... |
2,321,308 | Cannabinoid CB1 receptor protein expression in the rat choroid plexus: a possible involvement of cannabinoids in the regulation of cerebrospinal fluid. | Cannabinoid CB1 receptors in the brain are expressed on axon terminals presynaptic to neurons that express fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH). Postsynaptic FAAH catabolizes endocannabinoids which act as short-range transmitters. It has been previously shown that FAAH is also expressed in the epithelial cells of the chor... |
2,321,309 | Vascular endothelial growth factor-A, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 and angiopoietin-2 expression in the mouse choroid plexuses. | In this study, for the first time, we investigated about the localization of VEGF-A, VEGFR-2 and Ang-2 in the choroid plexuses of the adult mouse by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Results showed that VEGF-A stained epithelial cells, while anti-VEGFR-2 and -Ang-2 antibodies stained endothelial cells. These data ... |
2,321,310 | Cortagine, a specific agonist of corticotropin-releasing factor receptor subtype 1, is anxiogenic and antidepressive in the mouse model. | Two subtypes of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptor, CRF(1) and CRF(2), differentially modulate brain functions such as anxiety and memory. To facilitate the analysis of their differential involvement, we developed a CRF(1)-specific peptidic agonist by synthesis of chimeric peptides derived from human/rat... |
2,321,311 | Differential modulation of L-type Ca2+ current by SR Ca2+ release at the T-tubules and surface membrane of rat ventricular myocytes. | We have characterized modulation of ICa by Ca2+ at the t-tubules (ie, in control cells) and surface sarcolemma (ie, in detubulated cells) of cardiac ventricular myocytes, using the whole-cell patch clamp technique to record ICa. ICa inactivation was significantly slower in detubulated cells than in control cells (27.1+... |
2,321,312 | Electrical propagation in synthetic ventricular myocyte strands from germline connexin43 knockout mice. | To characterize the role of connexin43 (Cx43) as a determinant of cardiac propagation, we synthesized strands and pairs of ventricular myocytes from germline Cx43-/- mice. The amount of Cx43, Cx45, and Cx40 in gap junctions was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. Intercellular electrical conductan... |
2,321,313 | Third ventricle immature teratoma: a case report. | We present the case of a 1-year-old girl with persistent vomiting who was found to have a disproportionately large immature teratoma in the third ventricle. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a heterogeneous intracranial mass in the third ventricle, with a compressed left cerebral hemisphere and hydrocephalus. Bif... |
2,321,314 | Neuroprotective effects of encapsulated CNTF-producing cells in a rodent model of Huntington's disease are dependent on the proximity of the implant to the lesioned striatum. | Huntington's disease (HD) is a devastating genetic disorder with no effective treatments for preventing or lessening the underlying neuronal degeneration. Intracerebral delivery of CNTF in animal models of HD has shown considerable promise as a means of protecting striatal neurons that would otherwise be destined to di... |
2,321,315 | A Bayesian morphometry algorithm. | Most methods for structure-function analysis of the brain in medical images are usually based on voxel-wise statistical tests performed on registered magnetic resonance (MR) images across subjects. A major drawback of such methods is the inability to accurately locate regions that manifest nonlinear associations with c... |
2,321,316 | Choroid plexus carcinoma in an infant. | Choroid plexus carcinoma is a rare intracranial neoplasm, affecting mainly very young children. The commonest site is within the lateral ventricles and the prognosis is very poor. We report a seven month old baby boy who presented with raised intracranial pressure and seizures. Brain CT scan showed large intraventricul... |
2,321,317 | Treatment of lysosomal storage disorders: cell therapy and gene therapy. | Most lysosomal storage diseases have central nervous system (CNS) involvement. No effective treatment is available at present. We investigated the usefulness of brain-directed gene therapy and cell therapy using mouse models of lysosomal storage diseases. For gene therapy to the CNS, a recombinant adenovirus encoding b... |
2,321,318 | Stimulation of luteinizing hormone subunit gene expression by pulsatile intracerebroventricular microinjection of galanin in female rats. | Although galanin, which exerts its effects both at the hypothalamic and pituitary level, has been implicated as an important neuroendocrine regulator of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, there is a lack of data concerning its involvement in the regulation of gonadotropin subunit gene expression. To elucidat... |
2,321,319 | [Minimally invasive surgical techniques in the treatment of pituitary and peripituitary tumors: experience with the paraseptal approach]. | The direct endonasal, paraseptal approach, performed with the aid of an operating microscope, for removal of pituitary and peripituitary tumors has the potential advantage over the traditional sublabial, transseptal routes of minimizing postoperative rhinological complications, yet maintaining a high degree of efficacy... |
2,321,320 | Expression of tbx20 RNA during chick heart development. | The T-box gene family encodes a set of transcription factors that are involved in various developmental processes. We isolated tbx20 gene from chick embryos and examined in detail its expression patterns during heart development. In situ hybridization showed that tbx20 was expressed in the lateral plate mesoderm and su... |
2,321,321 | Endoscope-controlled microneurosurgery for the treatment of intracranial fluid cysts. | This study assessed the role of endoscope-controlled microneurosurgery (ECM) in the treatment of intracranial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cysts.</AbstractText>Twelve patients affected by symptomatic arachnoid cysts (11 in the sylvian fissure and 1 in the cerebellopontine angle) underwent ECM, in which the endoscope is us... |
2,321,322 | Enlarged ventricles, astrogliosis and neurodegeneration in heat shock factor 1 null mouse brain. | Heat shock transcription factors mediate the regulation of the organism physiological maintenance and adaptation. We investigated the morphology and cellular expression of selected genes in brains of transgenic mice lacking the heat shock transcription factor 1, HSF1, the main transactivator under stress conditions. Al... |
2,321,323 | Initial head computed tomographic scan characteristics have a linear relationship with initial intracranial pressure after trauma. | Despite current recommendations by the Brain Trauma Foundation regarding the placement of intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring devices, advances in computed tomographic (CT) scan technology have led to the suggestion that increased ICP may be predicted by findings on admission head CT scan and that patients without s... |
2,321,324 | Cerebrospinal fluid diversion procedures. | Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion procedures remain the principal method of treatment of hydrocephalus and an important option in treating idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Recent advances in CSF shunt hardware offer some promise in reducing the rate of complications. Third ventriculostomy has become an increasin... |
2,321,325 | Solitary metastasis to the choroid plexus of the third ventricle mimicking a colloid cyst: a report of two cases. | Cerebral metastasis to the choroid plexus is rare and almost always occurs in the presence of multiple cerebral metastases. We present two cases of a solitary cerebral metastasis to the choroid plexus of the anterior third ventricle mimicking a colloid cyst. There appears to be an increased tendency for renal cell carc... |
2,321,326 | A prospective study on the clinical effect of surgical treatment of normal pressure hydrocephalus: the value of hydrodynamic evaluation. | The effect of surgical treatment of patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is reported to be variable. Candidates for surgery have often been selected using hydrodynamic tests; however, the predictive value of such tests remains uncertain. Seventeen patients with idiopathic NPH underwent continuous computeri... |
2,321,327 | Secretin: hypothalamic distribution and hypothesized neuroregulatory role in autism. | 1. This study aims (1) to determine whether secretin is synthesized centrally, specifically by the HPA axis and (2) to discuss, on the basis of the findings in this and previous studies, secretin's possible neuroregulatory role in autism. 2. An immunocytochemical technique with single-cell resolution was performed in 1... |
2,321,328 | Functional integration of embryonic stem cell-derived neurons in vivo. | Pluripotency and the potential for continuous self-renewal make embryonic stem (ES) cells an attractive donor source for neuronal cell replacement. Despite recent encouraging results in this field, little is known about the functional integration of transplanted ES cell-derived neurons on the single-cell level. To addr... |
2,321,329 | Selective lesioning of the cholinergic septo-hippocampal pathway does not disrupt spatial short-term memory: a comparison with the effects of fimbria-fornix lesions. | Rats receiving intrahippocampal injections of 192 IgG-saporin (SAP-HPC), fimbria-fornix lesions (FF), or sham control surgeries were tested in a series of delayed matching (DMTP)- and nonmatching (DNMTP)-to-position tasks. The FF group was significantly impaired on a pretrained DNMTP task relative to the control and SA... |
2,321,330 | Choroid plexus papillomas: a single institutional experience. | To determine the long-term outcome of resected choroid plexus papillomas (CPPs).</AbstractText>Medical records and histologic specimens were reviewed for 41 patients (19 male, 22 female; median age, 36 years; range, 6 months to 74 years) with CPP seen between 1974 and 2000. Tumor locations were as follows: 76%, fourth ... |
2,321,331 | Recurrent glioependymal cyst of the posterior fossa: an unusual entity containing mixed glial elements. Case report. | Reports of glioependymal cysts in the posterior fossa are uncommon. There are only a few documented cases of posterior fossa glioependymal cysts and, to our knowledge, this is the first documented case of a recurrent posterior fossa glioependymal cyst. We discuss the clinical presentation, pathological features, and tr... |
2,321,332 | [Neurotensin: physiological properties and role in the regulation of organism function]. | In review one can find summarized data about neurotensin structure, properties and physiological activity, presented in publications of last 30 years, from the time when this peptide has been discovered. The article contains data about neurotensin blood plasma level and its distribution in various organs and tissues in... |
2,321,333 | [The hippocampus and neuro-transplantation]. | A review of the author's histological and electron-microscopic studies of differentiation of hippocampal transplants with different levels of the graft/host integration. The grafts developing in the anterior eye chamber were the experimental model of complete isolation from the brain. The effects of various factors (ag... |
2,321,334 | [Multiple cerebral glioma or tumor dissemination via CSF pathways? Case report]. | A case is presented of a 38-year-old female patient who developed bifocal metachronous cerebral glioma with the same histological appearance (glioblastoma multiforme). Two separate tumors were operated on within six months: the first one was localized in the left parieto-occipital area, and the other in the right tempo... |
2,321,335 | Comparison of different cardiac MRI sequences at 1.5 T/3.0 T with respect to signal-to-noise and contrast-to-noise ratios - initial experience. | To compare image quality, signal-to-noise (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratios (CNR) of different MRI sequences for cardiac imaging at 1.5 T and 3.0 T in volunteers.</AbstractText>10 volunteers (5 male, 5 female) with a mean age of 33 years (+/- 8) without any history of cardiac diseases were examined on a GE Signa 3.0 T... |
2,321,336 | Radial glia-like cells at the base of the lateral ventricles in adult mice. | During development radial glia (RG) are neurogenic, provide a substrate for migration, and transform into astrocytes. Cells in the RG lineage are functionally and biochemically heterogeneous in subregions of the brain. In the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the adult, astrocyte-like cells exhibit stem cell properties. Dur... |
2,321,337 | Hippocampal volume change in depression: late- and early-onset illness compared. | Evidence for structural hippocampal change in depression is limited despite reports of neuronal damage due to hypercortisolaemia and vascular pathology.</AbstractText>To compare hippocampal and white matter structural change in demographically matched controls and participants with early-onset and late-onset depression... |
2,321,338 | [Subependymal pseudocysts in the fetal brain revealing Zellweger syndrome]. | Prognosis of subependymal pseudocyst is poor when associated with other anomalies. They can be caused by infectious, vascular, chromosomal or metabolic disorders but are rarely described in the antenatal period. We report the prenatal diagnosis of subependymal pseudocyst by MRI after prenatal detection of isolated vent... |
2,321,339 | Decreases of voltage-dependent K+ currents densities in ventricular myocytes of guinea pigs by chronic oxidant stress. | To determine the changes of delayed rectifier K(+) currents (I(k)) and inward rectifier K(+) currents (I(k1)) in the ventricular myocytes of guinea pigs during the gradual apoptotic process by the chronic oxidant stress treatment.</AbstractText>H(2)O(2) 50 micromol/L (24 h) was used for inducing apoptosis in the cardio... |
2,321,340 | A small molecule antagonist of the alpha(v)beta3 integrin suppresses MDA-MB-435 skeletal metastasis. | Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies affecting women in the United States and Europe. Approximately three out of every four women with breast cancer develop metastases in bone which, in turn, diminishes quality of life. The alpha(v)beta3 integrin has previously been implicated in multiple aspects of tum... |
2,321,341 | Effect of hydrophilic coating on microorganism colonization in silicone tubing. | Shunt infections are one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity of patients with hydrocephalus. The aim of this research is to compare the bacterial colonization characteristics of a regular silicone elastomer shunt material coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone and dimethylpolysiloxane (silicone).</AbstractText>Reg... |
2,321,342 | Intrauterine repair of spina bifida: preoperative predictors of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus. | The objective of this study was to determine which factors that are present at the time of intrauterine repair of spina bifida could predict the need for ventriculoperitoneal shunt for hydrocephalus during the first year of life.</AbstractText>One hundred seventy-eight fetuses have undergone intrauterine repair of spin... |
2,321,343 | Implantation of neural stem cells via cerebrospinal fluid into the injured root. | In avulsion injury of the dorsal root, regenerating axons cannot extend through the entry zone, i.e. the transition zone between peripheral and central nervous systems, due to the discontinuity between Schwann cells and astrocytes. We infused neural stem cells through the 4th ventricle in an attempt to enhance axonal g... |
2,321,344 | Neuronal expression of catechol O-methyltransferase mRNA in neonatal rat suprachiasmatic nucleus. | We examined the expression profile of catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) mRNA and its protein in the neonatal rat hypothalamus by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry to clarify the sites of dopamine degradation. Strong COMT mRNA expression was observed in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) throughout its ros... |
2,321,345 | Erythropoietin up-regulates SOCS2 in neuronal progenitor cells derived from SVZ of adult rat. | We examined the effects of EPO on expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2) and found that treatment of neural progenitor cells derived from the adult subventricular zone (SVZ) with recombinant human EPO (rhEPO) stimulated progenitor cell differentiation into neurons, but not astrocytes. Quantitative RT-... |
2,321,346 | Involvement of multispecific organic anion transporter, Oatp14 (Slc21a14), in the transport of thyroxine across the blood-brain barrier. | The present study was aimed at investigating the involvement of mouse organic anion transporting polypeptide 14 (mOatp14) in the uptake of T4 across the blood-brain barrier. Functional expression of mOatp14 in HEK293 cells revealed that T4 and rT3 are high affinity substrates of mOatp14 (Michaelis constant, 0.34 and 0.... |
2,321,347 | Autopsy findings of a craniopharyngioma with a natural course over 60 years. | We report the histologic manifestations in an autopsy case of craniopharyngioma with an unusually long treatment-free course.</AbstractText>A 72-year-old woman with craniopharyngioma, in whom ateliosis due to the suprasellar tumor had been identified at the age of 10 years but had not been treated, was studied postmort... |
2,321,348 | Inhibitory effect of atriopeptinergic neurons in AV3V region on angiotensinII pressor system in rat brain. | In the central nervous system and the periphery, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and angiotensinII(AngII) play important and opposite roles in regulating blood pressure and fluid electrolyte balance. Their central mechanisms are unclear. In the brain the anteroventral third ventricle region (AV3V) contains the most pr... |
2,321,349 | Etiological heterogeneity of familial periventricular heterotopia and hydrocephalus. | Periventricular heterotopia (PH) represents a neuronal migration disorder that results in gray matter nodules along the lateral ventricles beneath an otherwise normal appearing cortex. While prior reports have shown that mutations in the filamin A (FLNA) gene can cause X-linked dominant PH, an increasing number of stud... |
2,321,350 | Brain macrophages and microglia in human fetal hydrocephalus. | Whereas several studies have addressed the activation of microglia (the resident mononuclear phagocytes of the brain) and macrophages within the nervous system in experimental animal models of congenital and induced hydrocephalus, little is known of their state of activation or regional distribution in human fetal hydr... |
2,321,351 | Morphological changes of cerebral ventricular wall in traumatic brain injury evaluated via large histological specimens. | Large brain specimens were prepared from 50 head-injured and 50 non-head-injured cases that underwent medicolegal autopsy to critically examine the morphological changes in the periventricular tissue caused by injury to the head. Hemorrhagic damage to the ventricular wall was observed in 30 (60%) of the head-injury cas... |
2,321,352 | Intraventricular infusion of the neurotrophic protein S100B improves cognitive recovery after fluid percussion injury in the rat. | Elevated serum S100B levels have been shown to be a predictor of poor outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Experimental data, on the other hand, demonstrate a neuroprotective and neurotrophic effect of this calcium-binding protein. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of increased S100B levels on fu... |
2,321,353 | [Clinical course of acute myocardial infarction and left ventricular function in long-term epidural analgesia]. | The study of 76 patients with macrofocal myocardial infarction (MI) evaluated effects of epidural and standard analgesia on pumping capacity of the left ventricle (LV) and clinical course of MI. The study group consisted of 37 patients exposed to long-term morphine-clopheline epidural analgesia. In the control 39 patie... |
2,321,354 | Microvascular abnormality in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: perfusion MR imaging findings in normal-appearing white matter. | To prospectively determine hemodynamic changes in the normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RR-MS) by using dynamic susceptibility contrast material-enhanced perfusion magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.</AbstractText>Conventional MR imaging (which included acquisiti... |
2,321,355 | Estimation of standard liver volume for liver transplantation in the Korean population. | The standard liver volume (LV) of a recipient is estimated in liver transplantation to determine the minimum LV necessary for the recipient. Simple linear formulas of LV estimation were developed for the Japanese and Caucasian populations. The present study examined the applicability of the reported formulas to the Kor... |
2,321,356 | Zebrafish beta tubulin 1 expression is limited to the nervous system throughout development, and in the adult brain is restricted to a subset of proliferative regions. | Tubulin, the building block of microtubules, consists of an alpha and beta subunit, each in itself a family of several highly homologous isotypes. Abundance, tissue specificity, developmental regulation, and possibly function vary between isotypes. Six isotypes of beta tubulin (class I to class VI) have been cloned fro... |
2,321,357 | [The practice guideline 'Hypertension' (third revision) from the Dutch College of General Practitioners; a response from the perspective of internal medicine]. | The revised practice guideline on hypertension from the Dutch College of General Practitioners is a useful document for the management of hypertension. The decision to limit antihypertensive treatment to patients with at least a 20% risk of developing cardiovascular disease within 10 years may, however, be criticised. ... |
2,321,358 | Autosomal dominant occipital cephalocele. | The authors report the clinical and radiographic characteristics of a non-consanguineous Vietnamese kindred with an autosomal dominant form of occipital cephalocele. Affected family members all presented with occipital subscalp bulges at birth. Except for the proband, all individuals were developmentally normal with ot... |
2,321,359 | Bilateral generalized polymicrogyria (BGP): a distinct syndrome of cortical malformation. | Syndromes of bilateral symmetric polymicrogyria include an autosomal recessive form of bilateral frontoparietal polymicrogyria (BFPP), in which the malformation is most severe rostrally. The authors describe a new syndrome they have termed "bilateral generalized polymicrogyria" (BGP), in which the malformation occurs i... |
2,321,360 | Dietary influences over proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in the locust midgut. | We have studied the influence of variations in dietary protein (P) and digestible carbohydrate (C), the quantity of food eaten, and insect age during the fifth instar on the expression of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the epithelial cells of the midgut (with special reference to the midgut caeca) in ... |
2,321,361 | NG2-expressing cells in the subventricular zone are type C-like cells and contribute to interneuron generation in the postnatal hippocampus. | The subventricular zone (SVZ) is a source of neural progenitors throughout brain development. The identification and purification of these progenitors and the analysis of their lineage potential are fundamental issues for future brain repair therapies. We demonstrate that early postnatal NG2-expressing (NG2+) progenito... |
2,321,362 | Metal particulate matter components affect gene expression and beat frequency of neonatal rat ventricular myocytes. | Soluble particulate matter (PM) components (e.g., metals) have the potential to be absorbed into the bloodstream and transported to the heart where they might induce the expression of inflammatory cytokines and remodel electrical properties. We exposed cultured rat ventricular myocytes to similar concentrations of two ... |
2,321,363 | Neurosarcoidosis: findings in MRI. | Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology. Neurologic manifestations occur usually as a part of the spectrum of the systemic disease. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of patients with neurosarcoidosis (NS). S... |
2,321,364 | Left hemisphere and male sex dominance of cerebral hemiatrophy (Dyke-Davidoff-Masson Syndrome). | Although radiological findings of cerebral hemiatrophy (Dyke-Davidoff-Masson Syndrome) are well known, there is no systematic study about the gender and the affected side in this syndrome. Brain images in 26 patients (mean aged 11) with cerebral hemiatrophy were retrospectively reviewed. Nineteen patients (73.5%) were ... |
2,321,365 | Overexpression of the integrin beta(1A) subunit and the beta(1A) cytoplasmic domain modifies the beta-adrenergic regulation of the cardiac L-type Ca(2+)current. | Integrins are a family of cell-surface receptors that link the extracellular matrix (ECM) to the cellular cytoskeleton. The goal of this study was to determine the importance of the integrin beta(1) subunit in regulating cardiac L-type Ca(2+) channel function. Neonatal rat ventricular myocytes were cultured on collagen... |
2,321,366 | Extensive spinal cord infarction after posterior fossa surgery in the sitting position: case report. | Spinal cord injury is a rare complication of neurosurgery performed with the patient in the sitting position. Previous reports showed that the level of injury is usually located at or near the C5 segmental spinal level, and the term midcervical quadriplegia has been proposed. Extensive spinal cord and lower brainstem i... |
2,321,367 | Reduced respiratory control with ADP and changed pattern of respiratory chain enzymes as a result of selective deficiency of the mitochondrial ATP synthase. | The F(o)F(1)-ATPase, a multisubunit protein complex of the inner mitochondrial membrane, produces most of the ATP in mammalian cells. Mitochondrial diseases as a result of a dysfunction of ATPase can be caused by mutations in mitochondrial DNA-encoded ATPase subunit a or rarely by an ATPase defect of nuclear origin. He... |
2,321,368 | Hypothalamic responses to long-chain fatty acids are nutritionally regulated. | Central administration of the long-chain fatty acid oleic acid inhibits food intake and glucose production in rats. Here we examined whether short term changes in nutrient availability can modulate these metabolic and behavioral effects of oleic acid. Rats were divided in three groups receiving a highly palatable energ... |
2,321,369 | Stress-related genomic responses during the course of heat acclimation and its association with ischemic-reperfusion cross-tolerance. | Acclimation to heat is a biphasic process involving a transient perturbed phase followed by a long lasting period during which acclimatory homeostasis is developed. In this investigation, we used cDNA stress microarray (Clontech Laboratory) to characterize the stress-related genomic response during the course of heat a... |
2,321,370 | Na+/Ca2+ exchanger plays a key role in inducing apoptosis after hypoxia in cultured guinea pig ventricular myocytes. | Altered Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger (NCX) protein expression or activity is thought to contribute to various aspects of cardiac pathology. In guinea pig ventricular myocytes, NCX-mediated Ca(2+) entry is almost entirely responsible for Ca(2+) overload during hypoxia-reoxygenation. Because Ca(2+) overload is a common initiat... |
2,321,371 | Intratracheal administration of bleomycin via a catheter in unanesthetized rats. | In order to ensure a widespread distribution in the lung and to avoid the effect of anesthesia, bleomycin at a total dose of 4.5 or 6.0 mg/kg was administered in four divided doses (0.5 ml/kg/time) at intervals of 2 h to male rats via a catheter (tracheotomy tube) without anesthesia. In comparison to vehicle (saline) c... |
2,321,372 | Interactions of chemokines and chemokine receptors mediate the migration of mesenchymal stem cells to the impaired site in the brain after hypoglossal nerve injury. | Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), cultured ex vivo, recently were shown to be able to migrate into sites of brain injuries when transplanted systemically or locally, suggesting that MSCs possess migratory capacity. However, the mechanisms underlying the migration of these cells remain unclear. In this study, we examined t... |
2,321,373 | Postnatal changes in cerebral oxygen extraction in the preterm infant are associated with intraventricular hemorrhage and hemorrhagic parenchymal infarction but not periventricular leukomalacia. | Fluctuations in cerebral hemodynamics have been implicated in the pathogenesis of acquired brain damage in babies born prematurely. This study examined the changes in cerebral fractional oxygen extraction (FOE) over the first 3 d after birth in 25 very-low-birth-weight preterm infants. Twelve infants had no major cereb... |
2,321,374 | An unusual cause of hydrocephalus: aqueductal developmental venous anomaly. | Vascular malformations are infrequent causes of aqueductal stenoses, developmental venous anomaly (DVA) being the rarest among them. DVAs, also known as venous angiomas, are congenital in origin and characterized by dilatation of vessels in the superficial and deep venous system. Although they are usually clinically si... |
2,321,375 | Forebrain degeneration and ventricle enlargement caused by double knockout of Alzheimer's presenilin-1 and presenilin-2. | Early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease is the most aggressive form of Alzheimer's, striking patients as early as their 30s; those patients typically carry mutations in presenilin-1 and presenilin-2. To investigate the coordinated functions of presenilin in the adult brain, we generated double knockout mice, in which ... |
2,321,376 | Cerebral volume loss, cognitive deficit and neuropsychological performance: comparative measures of brain atrophy: I. Dementia. | There are several magnetic resonance (MR) imaging methods to measure brain volume and cerebral atrophy; however, the best measure for examining potential relationships between such measures and neuropsychological performance has not been established. Relationships between seven measures of MR derived brain volume or in... |
2,321,377 | [An ambiguous role of steroidogenic factor 1 in the rat GnRH receptor gene expression. Lessons from transgenic mice]. | Because the GnRH receptor plays a paramount role within the reproductive axis, the understanding of the molecular apparatus that governs the tissue-specific expression and regulation of this gene must lead to a better knowledge of the physiology and the physiopathology of the gonadotrope function. To elucidate these me... |
2,321,378 | Inducible nitric oxide synthase in chronic active multiple sclerosis plaques: distribution, cellular expression and association with myelin damage. | Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is an enzyme that produces nitric oxide (NO) and is thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). The extent of iNOS expression was examined using laser scanning confocal microscopy of 13 chronic active plaques from seven MS patients displaying both acute d... |
2,321,379 | Radioactive seed migration to the chest after transperineal interstitial prostate brachytherapy: extraprostatic seed placement correlates with migration. | To examine the incidence of seed migration detected on chest X-ray and to identify the predictors associated with its occurrence.</AbstractText>Between May 1998 and April 2000, 102 patients underwent permanent prostate brachytherapy at our institution and 100 were eligible for the study. Chest X-rays obtained at follow... |
2,321,380 | Bone marrow stromal cells infused into the cerebrospinal fluid promote functional recovery of the injured rat spinal cord with reduced cavity formation. | The effects of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) on the repair of injured spinal cord and on the behavioral improvement were studied in the rat. The spinal cord was injured by contusion using a weight-drop at the level of T8-9, and the BMSCs from the bone marrow of the same strain were infused into the cerebrospinal fl... |
2,321,381 | Role of Hand1/eHAND in the dorso-ventral patterning and interventricular septum formation in the embryonic heart. | Molecular mechanisms for the dorso-ventral patterning and interventricular septum formation in the embryonic heart are unknown. To investigate a role of Hand1/eHAND in cardiac chamber formation, we generated Hand1/eHAND knock-in mice where Hand1/eHAND cDNA was placed under the control of the MLC2V promoter. In Hand1/eH... |
2,321,382 | Myocardial O2 consumption in porcine left ventricle is heterogeneously distributed in parallel to heterogeneous O2 delivery. | Myocardial blood flow is unevenly distributed, but the cause of this heterogeneity is unknown. Heterogeneous blood flow may reflect heterogeneity of oxygen demand. The aim of the present study was to assess the relation between oxygen consumption and blood flow in small tissue regions in porcine left ventricle. In seve... |
2,321,383 | Estrogen receptor-alpha expression in osmosensitive elements of the lamina terminalis: regulation by hypertonicity. | The subfornical organ (SFO), median preoptic nucleus (MnPO), and organum vasculosum lamina terminalis (OVLT), which are associated with the lamina terminalis, are important in the control of body fluid balance. Neurons in these regions express estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha, but whether the ER-alpha neurons are activated... |
2,321,384 | Handedness and macular vision: laterality of motor control underpins both. | This article pursues the corollaries of the anatomy of handedness recently discovered. Specifically, it addresses the issues concerning central vision as it relates to the command center and the circuitry of the saccades. It presents data that support the directionality of callosal traffic in motor and sensory realms e... |
2,321,385 | Intraventricular transplantation of embryonic stem cell-derived neural stem cells in intracerebral hemorrhage rats. | In the present study, we attempted to explore cell transplantation therapy for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) using embryonic stem (ES) cells. Collagenase-induced ICH rats were used as model animals. Mouse ES cells were differentiated into nestin-positive neural stem cells in vitro by alltrans retinoic acid (ATRA). ATR... |
2,321,386 | Morphological and morphometric characteristics of choroid plexus psammoma bodies during the human aging. | Psammoma bodies are one of many choroid plexus aging changes which origin is still enigma for the scientists. During our investigation psammoma bodies were studied on 30 postmortem brains by light microscopy. They stained red with HE, and were PAS and AB PAS positive. The largest number of lamellas were stained blue wi... |
2,321,387 | Adult bone marrow stromal cells in the embryonic brain: engraftment, migration, differentiation, and long-term survival. | We recently differentiated adult rat and human bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) into presumptive neurons in cell culture. To determine whether the MSCs assume neuronal functions in vivo, we now characterize for the first time engraftment, migration, phenotypic expression, and long-term survival after infusion into embr... |
2,321,388 | Susceptibility-based imaging of glioblastoma microvascularity at 8 T: correlation of MR imaging and postmortem pathology. | Imaging methods are currently being optimized in an attempt to assess and monitor angiogenesis in vivo. The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether areas of apparently increased tumor vascularity, as identified on 8-T gradient-echo (GE) imaging of a known glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), corresponds to foc... |
2,321,389 | Frequency of asymptomatic microbleeds on T2*-weighted MR images of patients with recurrent stroke: association with combination of stroke subtypes and leukoaraiosis. | Asymptomatic microbleeds shown by T2*-weighted MR imaging are associated with small-artery diseases, especially with intracerebral hemorrhage. Few studies have focused on the prevalence of microbleeds in patients with recurrent stroke. We investigated frequency of microbleeds in patients with recurrent stroke and assoc... |
2,321,390 | Chronic ethanol consumption transiently reduces adult neural progenitor cell proliferation. | Adult neural stem/progenitor cells proliferate throughout the life of the animal in the subependymal zone and the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus (DG). Treatments such as enriched environment, dietary restriction, running and anti-depressants increase proliferation, however, stress and opiates have been shown to ... |
2,321,391 | Selective block of swelling-activated Cl- channels over cAMP-dependent Cl- channels in ventricular myocytes. | The objective of this study on guinea-pig and rabbit ventricular myocytes was to evaluate the sensitivities of swelling-activated Cl- current (ICl(swell)) and cAMP-dependent cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) Cl- current (ICl(CFTR)) to block by dideoxyforskolin and verapamil. The currents were recorded from... |
2,321,392 | Endoscope-assisted microsurgery for tumors of the septum pellucidum: surgical considerations and benefits of the method in the treatment of four serial cases. | Neoplasms that primarily originate from the septum pellucidum are extremely rare. Generally the septum pellucidum is involved in direct extension of tumors that arise from the neighboring structures, principally the corpus callosum. Endoscope-assisted techniques form a useful adjunct to common microsurgical procedures ... |
2,321,393 | Microsurgical anatomy of the insula and the sylvian fissure. | The purpose of this study was to define the topographic anatomy, arterial supply, and venous drainage of the insula and sylvian fissure.</AbstractText>The neural, arterial, and venous anatomy of the insula and sylvian fissure were examined in 43 cerebral hemispheres.</AbstractText>The majority of gyri and sulci of the ... |
2,321,394 | Is the placement of shunts in patients with idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus worth the risk? Results of a study based on continuous monitoring of intracranial pressure. | Data from many studies have demonstrated that shunt insertion in patients with idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is associated with high morbidity and a lack of significant improvement; however, the use of strict diagnostic and treatment protocols can improve the results of surgery in these patients. The p... |
2,321,395 | Reliability of clinical guidelines in the detection of patients at risk following mild head injury: results of a prospective study. | The aims of this study were to analyze the relevance of risk factors in mild head injury (MHI) by studying the possibility of establishing prediction models based on these factors and to evaluate the reliability of the clinical guidelines proposed for the management of MHI.</AbstractText>A series of 1101 patients with ... |
2,321,396 | Influence of i.v. haloperidol on ventricular repolarization and monophasic action potential duration in anesthetized dogs. | i.v. haloperidol is used commonly for sedation in critically ill patients. However, i.v. haloperidol has been shown to cause the life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmia torsades de pointes. Mechanisms by which haloperidol causes torsades de pointes have not been widely investigated in controlled studies.</Abstract... |
2,321,397 | Refining the staging evaluation of pineal region germinoma using neuroendoscopy and the presence of preoperative diabetes insipidus. | Treatment strategies for CNS germinoma are currently evolving. Current approaches include reducing the volume and dose of radiation by adding pre-irradiation chemotherapy. Very accurate staging is necessary with such an approach to prevent failures. Eight consecutive patients with pineal germinoma at one institution un... |
2,321,398 | Maternal nutrient restriction alters gene expression in the ovine fetal heart. | Adequate maternal nutrient supply is critical for normal fetal organogenesis. We previously demonstrated that a global 50% nutrient restriction during the first half of gestation causes compensatory growth of both the left and right ventricles of the fetal heart by day 78 of gestation. Thus, it was hypothesized that ma... |
2,321,399 | Properties of unipolar electrograms recorded with a multielectrode basket catheter.<Pagination><StartPage>1</StartPage><EndPage>10</EndPage><MedlinePgn>1-10</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>In the past few years, clinical trials with multielectrode "basket" catheters have provided unique recordings from... | In the past few years, clinical trials with multielectrode "basket" catheters have provided unique recordings from the endocardium of intact in-situ human hearts. Analysis of these recordings is difficult because unipolar electrograms obtained from a basket catheter in the blood-filled cavity differ from those obtained... |
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