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2,321,900 | Multiple supratentorial epidural haematomas after posterior fossa surgery. | Postoperative epidural haematoma distant to a site of craniotomy is a rare but possibly hazardous complication. We report a 31-year-old female who presented with a history of chronic hydrocephalus due to fourth-ventricular plexus papilloma. Following resection of the posterior fossa tumour with intraoperative placement... |
2,321,901 | [Foot injury as a rare cause of scendosporiosis with fetal outcome]. | After an attempted suicide with a fall from a height of 5 m, a 33 year old male suffered a subarachnoidal haemorrhage, an instable fracture of the second lumbar vertebra as well as a soft-tissue decollément in the vicinity of the right heel. Despite surgical management, the comatose patient showed slow wound-heali... |
2,321,902 | Isolated fourth ventricular cysticercus cyst: MR imaging in 4 cases with short literature review. | We describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal characteristics of isolated (solitary lesion) intra fourth ventricular cysticercus cyst in 4 patients who clinically presented with obstructive hydrocephalus. All patients had routine MRI sequences (T1, T2, & proton density-weighted imaging), Fluid Attenuation... |
2,321,903 | Choroid plexus papilloma of the posterior third ventricle during infancy & childhood: report of two cases with management morbidities. | We report two cases of posterior third ventricular choroid plexus papilloma, one in an 8-month-old infant and another in a two-year-old child. These cases presented with features of obstructive hydrocephalus. Both these patients underwent a ventriculo-peritoneal (VP) shunt surgery prior to the tumor excision. Following... |
2,321,904 | Intracranial pressure monitoring in a resource-constrained environment: a technical note. | Most published literature supports the use of ICP monitoring as a standard of care, though the benefit has never been conclusively proved by a prospective, randomized trial. Unfortunately, ICP monitoring is routinely performed in very few centers in India on a systematic basis. This is probably due to the common percep... |
2,321,905 | Temporal and spatial regulation of chondroitin sulfate, radial glial cells, growing commissural axons, and other hippocampal efferents in developing hamsters. | We investigated the time and space relationship between growth of hippocampal efferents, particularly those forming the hippocampal commissure, and expression of extracellular matrix components related to radial glial cells. Developing hamster brains from embryonic day (E) 13 to postnatal day (P) 7 had 1,1'-dioctadecyl... |
2,321,906 | [Cerebral CT scan alterations in children with ocular lesions caused by congenital toxoplasmosis]. | OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the frequency and the types of cerebral CT scan alterations in patients with ocular lesions caused by congenital toxoplasmosis. METHODS: The patients should fit one of the following criteria: reagent IgM serology for toxoplasmosis at birth and mother with positive serology for toxoplasmosis; age ... |
2,321,907 | [Diagnosis of subependymal cysts by brain ultrasound]. | The aim of this study was to describe the clinical data and sonographic evolution of subependymal cysts (SEC) and to compare alone SEC versus SEC combined with other brain abnormalities.</AbstractText>The diagnosis of SEC relied on the discovery of one/several cysts at the outer angle of one/both lateral ventricles det... |
2,321,908 | Value of neurosonography in predicting subsequent cognitive and motor development in extremely low birth weight neonates. | To compare the results of neurosonography (NSG) with subsequent neurodevelopmental testing in extremely low birth weight (ELBW; < or =1000 g) neonates.</AbstractText>NSG at hospital discharge was available in 164 neonates and Bayley Scores of Infant Development (BSID II) evaluations (MDI and PDI) were performed in 1... |
2,321,909 | Effects of beta-casomorphin-5 on passive avoidance response in mice. | The effects of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of bovine beta-casomorphin-5 (beta-CM-5: Tyr-Pro-Phe-Pro-Gly), a micro-opioid agonist derived from milk beta-casein, on step-down type passive avoidance tasks were investigated in mice. Intracerebroventricular administration of a high dose (10 microg) of beta-CM... |
2,321,910 | Gene profile of electroconvulsive seizures: induction of neurotrophic and angiogenic factors. | Electroconvulsive seizure therapy (ECS) is a clinically proven treatment for depression and is often effective even in patients resistant to chemical antidepressants. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic efficacy of ECS are not fully understood. One theory that has gained attention is that ECS a... |
2,321,911 | Acute exposure of ceramide enhances cardiac contractile function in isolated ventricular myocytes. | 1. The sphingolipid ceramide, a primary building block for all other sphingolipids, is associated with growth arrest, apoptosis, and lipotoxic dysfunction. Interestingly, ceramide may attenuate high glucose-induced myocyte dysfunction, produce Ca2+ influx, and augment smooth muscle contraction. To determine the role of... |
2,321,912 | Model of intracellular calcium cycling in ventricular myocytes. | We present a mathematical model of calcium cycling that takes into account the spatially localized nature of release events that correspond to experimentally observed calcium sparks. This model naturally incorporates graded release by making the rate at which calcium sparks are recruited proportional to the whole cell ... |
2,321,913 | A deformable digital brain atlas system according to Talairach and Tournoux. | Brain atlases are valuable tools which assist neurosurgeons during the planning of an intervention. Since a printed atlas book has several disadvantages-among them the difficulty to map the information onto a patient's individual anatomy-we have developed a digital version of the well-established stereotaxic brain atla... |
2,321,914 | Postoperative communicating hydrocephalus in patients with supratentorial malignant glioma. | Postoperative communicating hydrocephalus in adult patients with supratentorial malignant glioma is a relatively uncommon condition that occurs months after the initial operation of tumor excision. It occurred in only five of 50 consecutive cases treated in our department during the past 10 years. The hydrocephalus app... |
2,321,915 | Heat shock protein, inducible nitric oxide synthase and apoptotic markers in the acute phase of human cardiac transplantation. | Solid organ transplantation is associated with activation of apoptotic pathways and other stress markers. We aimed to describe the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, iNOs and Hsp-70 in the endothelium and myocytes of both ventricles and to see if there is any relationship with clinical donor organ failure.</AbstractText>Twelve ... |
2,321,916 | Moxonidine and central alpha2 adrenergic receptors in sodium intake. | Central injections of the alpha(2) adrenergic/imidazoline receptor agonist moxonidine inhibit water and NaCl intake in rats. In the present study, we investigated the possible involvement of central alpha(2) adrenergic receptors on the inhibitory effect of moxonidine in 0.3 M NaCl intake induced by 24 h sodium depletio... |
2,321,917 | Oxytocin innervation of caudal brainstem nuclei activated by cholecystokinin. | The integration of 'long-term' adiposity signaling with the 'short-term' meal-related signal cholecystokinin (CCK) is proposed to involve descending hypothalamic projections to areas of the caudal brainstem (CBS) that regulate the amount of food consumed during a single meal. One such projection extends from cell bodie... |
2,321,918 | Different brain structures mediate drinking and sleep suppression elicited by the somatostatin analog, octreotide, in rats. | When injected into the cerebral ventricles, the somatostatin analog, octreotide (OCT) elicits prompt drinking, vasopressin secretion and increases in blood pressure that are attributed to the activation of the intracerebral angiotensinergic system. In addition, OCT induces sleep responses that might be mediated by an i... |
2,321,919 | Jaw-opening dystonia (Brueghel's syndrome) associated with cavum septi pellucidi and Verga's ventricle - a case report. | Jaw-opening dystonia (oromandibular dystonia with jaw-opening; Brueghel's syndrome) is a rare condition, and only a limited number of cases have been reported in the literature. However, many patients may remain undiscovered or misdiagnosed, like a patient described previously. A case (40-year-old man) of jaw-opening d... |
2,321,920 | Diabetes-induced biochemical changes in central and peripheral catecholaminergic systems. | A great variety of alterations have been described in the nervous system of diabetic animals. They are named as diabetic neuropathy and affect the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves. In diabetic animals, plasma and tissue catecholamine levels have been reported to be increased, decreased or unchanged, and these d... |
2,321,921 | Treadmill training for an infant born preterm with a grade III intraventricular hemorrhage. | Research has documented the feasibility and benefit of treadmill training in children with cerebral palsy and Down syndrome. The purposes of this case report are: (1) to determine the feasibility of treadmill training in an infant at high risk for neuromotor dysfunction and (2) to describe the child's treadmill steppin... |
2,321,922 | Changes of the level of G protein alpha-subunit mRNA by tolerance to and withdrawal from butorphanol. | Butorphanol was infused continuously into cerebral ventricle at a constant rate of 26 nmol/microl/h for 3 days, and the withdrawal from opioid was rendered 7 h after the cessation of infusion. The G-protein alpha-subunit has been implicated in opioid tolerance and withdrawal. The effects of continuous infusion of butor... |
2,321,923 | Encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis: neurologic manifestations. | We report a new case of encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis, a rare neurocutaneous syndrome of unknown etiology with involvement of tissues arising from the mesoderm and ectoderm: skin, eye, adipose tissue, and brain. We also review the neurologic manifestations of the syndrome, the most frequent of which include seiz... |
2,321,924 | Neuropeptide Y Y5 receptor antagonists as anti-obesity drugs. | Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is present in the hypothalamus, where it is believed to play a key role in the control of food intake. Evidence for this assertion has come from studies demonstrating that acute administration of NPY into the hypothalamus or into the brain ventricles leads to increased food intake. In the case of c... |
2,321,925 | Steady-state free precession sequences in myocardial first-pass perfusion MR imaging: comparison with TurboFLASH imaging. | The aim of this study was to compare the image quality of a saturation-recovery gradient-recalled echo (GRE; TurboFLASH) and a saturation-recovery SSFP (SR-TrueFISP) sequence for myocardial first-pass perfusion MRI. Eight patients with chronic myocardial infarction and 8 volunteers were examined with a TurboFLASH (TR 2... |
2,321,926 | Morphologic study of left ventricular bands. | The presence of left ventricular bands has drawn attention to their possible clinical importance, though there are no concrete data to support their role in serious clinical diseases. We have investigated the incidence, location, microscopic and macroscopic structure of left ventricular bands in the human and animals. ... |
2,321,927 | Mutations in ARFGEF2 implicate vesicle trafficking in neural progenitor proliferation and migration in the human cerebral cortex. | Disruption of human neural precursor proliferation can give rise to a small brain (microcephaly), and failure of neurons to migrate properly can lead to an abnormal arrest of cerebral cortical neurons in proliferative zones near the lateral ventricles (periventricular heterotopia). Here we show that an autosomal recess... |
2,321,928 | Mice overexpressing the cardiac sodium-calcium exchanger: defects in excitation-contraction coupling. | Homozygous overexpression of the cardiac Na(+)-Ca(2+) exchanger causes cardiac hypertrophy and increases susceptibility to heart failure in response to stress. We studied the functional effects of homozygous overexpression of the exchanger at the cellular level in isolated mouse ventricular myocytes. Compared with patc... |
2,321,929 | Central control of renal sodium-phosphate (NaPi-2) transporters. | Regulation of phosphate (Pi) reabsorption occurs through the up- and downregulation of the renal type-II sodium Pi cotransporters (NaPi-2). Recently, renal NaPi2-type expression has been identified in areas of the brain. The present study determined whether brain NaPi-2 is regulated by dietary Pi and whether the behavi... |
2,321,930 | Diffuse brain oedema in idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a quantitative magnetic resonance imaging study. | To investigate the hypothesis that idiopathic intracranial hypertension is associated with diffuse brain oedema, using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging.</AbstractText>Values for the mean diffusivity of water (<D>) and the proton longitudinal relaxation time (T1) were measured for various brain regions in 1... |
2,321,931 | Progressive brain volume loss during adolescence in childhood-onset schizophrenia. | Previous reports have documented a striking progressive reduction in cortical gray matter volume during adolescence in patients with childhood-onset schizophrenia. This study examined the rate of loss in cortical gray matter volume in relation to age and clinical status in adolescent patients over a follow-up period of... |
2,321,932 | Nociceptive reactions during stimulation of immunity in rats with different individual sensitivities to stress. | Different nociceptive reactions and individual resistance were studied in rats in the initial state and in conditions of stimulation of immune processes by various methods. The aims were to study the effect of the preparation Imunofan, an immune stimulator, on various behavioral manifestations of pain reactions in anim... |
2,321,933 | Origin of cerebrospinal fluid melatonin and possible function in the integration of photoperiod. | Melatonin, which is synthesized at night by the pineal gland, is present in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), but its entry site and its role in this compartment are not known. Using several approaches, we tested the hypothesis that melatonin enters the CSF through the pineal recess, an evagination of the third ventricle.... |
2,321,934 | The highly specialized vocal tract of the male Mongolian gazelle (Procapra gutturosa Pallas, 1777--Mammalia, Bovidae). | The entire head and neck of a wild adult male Mongolian gazelle (Procapra gutturosa) was dissected with special reference to its enlarged larynx. Two additional adult male specimens taken from the wild were analysed by computer tomography. The sternomandibularis, omohyoideus, thyrohyoideus and hyoepiglotticus muscles a... |
2,321,935 | Stereotactic MR imaging for planning neural transplantation: a reliable technique at 3 Tesla? | The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of high field (3 Tesla) MR in target localization for stem cell transplantation. Three patients with Huntington's disease were imaged with a stereotactic frame in place for both MRI and CT. Quality assurance procedures and manual shimming were performed before each M... |
2,321,936 | [Post-infarction left ventricular free wall rupture]. | We report four cases of subacute left ventricular free wall rupture after myocardial infarction successfully treated with emergency surgery. Some aspects dealing with clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment are discussed. |
2,321,937 | Developmental toxicity evaluation of inhaled tertiary amyl methyl ether in mice and rats. | This evaluation was part of a much more comprehensive testing program to characterize the mammalian toxicity potential of the gasoline oxygenator additive tertiary amyl methyl ether (TAME), and was initiated upon a regulatory agency mandate. A developmental toxicity hazard identification study was conducted by TAME vap... |
2,321,938 | Fetal phenotype of Prader-Willi syndrome due to maternal disomy for chromosome 15. | Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) results from either paternal deletion of 15q11-q13, or maternal uniparental disomy (UPD) of chromosome 15 or imprinting center mutation. Prenatal diagnosis of PWS is currently indicated for chromosomal parental translocation involving chromosome 15 and for decreased fetal movements during th... |
2,321,939 | Growing burr hole: enlarging pseudomeningocele at the site of a craniostomy. | Growing skull fractures and other enlarging skull defects are rare postoperative occurrences. We report here on a 10-month-old girl who presented with an enlarging burr hole and pseudomeningocele after an endoscopic third ventriculocisternostomy.</AbstractText>Evaluation of an enlarging subcutaneous mass at the site of... |
2,321,940 | The distribution of the HIV protease inhibitor, ritonavir, to the brain, cerebrospinal fluid, and choroid plexuses of the guinea pig. | Anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) drug penetration into the brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is necessary to tackle HIV within the CNS. This study examines movement of [(3)H]ritonavir across the guinea pig blood-brain and blood-CSF barriers and accumulation within the brain, CSF, and choroid plexus. Ritonavir ... |
2,321,941 | Adrenalectomy alters the sensitivity of the central nervous system melanocortin system. | Removal of adrenal steroids by adrenalectomy (ADX) reduces food intake and body weight in rodents and prevents excessive weight gain in many genetic and dietary models of obesity. Thus, glucocorticoids appear to play a key role to promote positive energy balance in normal and pathological conditions. By comparison, cen... |
2,321,942 | Image-guided transsylvian, transinsular approach for insular cavernous angiomas. | Surgical treatment of cavernomas arising in the insula is especially challenging because of the proximity to the internal capsule and lenticulostriate arteries. We present our technique of image guidance for operations on insular cavernomas and assess its clinical usefulness.</AbstractText>Between 1997 and 2003, with t... |
2,321,943 | Measurement of right ventricular mass and volume by three-dimensional echocardiography by freehand scanning. | Three-dimensional echocardiography (3D echo) by freehand scanning provides highly accurate measurements of left mass & volume using the piecewise smooth subdivision surface reconstruction method. The complexity of right ventricular (RV) geometry presents a challenge in accurate 3D assessments of its physical parame... |
2,321,944 | Sub-classification of low-grade cerebellar astrocytoma: is it clinically meaningful? | The objectives were to identify prognostic factors for the survival of children with cerebellar astrocytoma, and to evaluate the reproducibility and prognostic value of histological sub-classification and grading.</AbstractText>Children aged 0-14 years treated in Denmark for a cerebellar astrocytoma in the period 1960-... |
2,321,945 | Central muscarinic receptors signal pilocarpine-induced salivation. | Although cholinergic agonists such as pilocarpine injected peripherally can act directly on salivary glands to induce salivation, it is possible that their action in the brain may contribute to salivation. To investigate if the action in the brain is important to salivation, we injected pilocarpine intraperitoneally af... |
2,321,946 | Suprasellar chordoid glioma combined with Rathke's cleft cyst. | Chordoid glioma has been recently described as a slow-growing neoplasm with chordoid appearance, occurring exclusively in the regions of the third ventricle and hypothalamus of middle-aged women. We experienced a case of a 48-year-old woman with a suprasellar tumor composed of chordoid glioma and Rathke's cleft cyst, w... |
2,321,947 | [The advances in contractile modulation mechanism of the cardiomyocytes and the smooth muscle cells]. | Heart and blood vessels are the pivotal organs that make up of the important system, cardiovascular system, of the body. They are associated functionally and both have the contractility. The pressure of the ventricles can elevate to a high level in a short time when heart contracts, so the cardiomyocytes should contrac... |
2,321,948 | [Study on diagnosis of cerebral cysticercosis by antibody detection and imaging techniques]. | To establish new criteria of antibody detection for the diagnosis of cerebral cysticercosis in combining with imaging examinations for reducing the missed and neglected diagnosis of the disease.</AbstractText>1,160 cases with adequate clinical data were collected for the study, among them all cases received antibody de... |
2,321,949 | Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor in the left lateral ventricle. | Extracortical location of dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNT) is rare. We present a case of DNT localized in the left lateral ventricle of a 21-year-old female patient. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed a round mass lesion in the floor of the anterior horn of the left lateral ventricle. The lesion... |
2,321,950 | Neuroendoscopic biopsy for intraventricular tumors. | Neuroendoscopy has been shown to be an effective and minimally invasive method in the management of intraventricular tumors. Endoscopic tumor biopsy with or without additional endoscopic procedures such as third ventriculostomy and septostomy can be performed at the same session. Neuroendoscopic tumor biopsy was perfor... |
2,321,951 | [Differential infratentorial brain tumor diagnosis in children]. | With the exception of the first year of life, infratentorial brain tumors are more frequent in the first decade than tumors in the supratentorial compartment. In particular these are cerebellar low-grade astrocytomas, medulloblastomas, brainstem gliomas and ependymomas of the fourth ventricle. The morphology on MRI and... |
2,321,952 | Activation of erbB-1 signaling in tanycytes of the median eminence stimulates transforming growth factor beta1 release via prostaglandin E2 production and induces cell plasticity. | The activation of transforming growth factor alpha (TGFalpha)-erbB-1 and neuregulin-erbB-4 signaling pathways in hypothalamic astrocytes has been shown to play a key role in the process by which the neuroendocrine brain controls luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) secretion. Earlier studies suggested that tany... |
2,321,953 | Perforated patch recording of L-type calcium current with beta-escin in guinea pig ventricular myocytes. | To establish a perforated patch recording (PPR) mode with beta-escin and compare L-type calcium current (I(Ca,L)) recorded under PPR and normal whole-cell recording (WCR) condition in isolated guinea-pig ventricular myocytes.</AbstractText>Single myocytes were dissociated by enzymatic dissociation method. beta-escin wa... |
2,321,954 | Cell history determines the maintenance of transcriptional differences between left and right ventricular cardiomyocytes in the developing mouse heart. | The molecular mechanisms that establish and maintain transcriptional differences between cardiomyocytes in the left and right ventricular chambers are unkown. We have previously analysed a myosin light chain 3f transgene containing an nlacZ reporter gene, which is transcribed in left but not right ventricular cardiomyo... |
2,321,955 | Tanycytomas: a newly characterized hypothalamic-suprasellar and ventricular tumor. | We report five cases of tumors occurring in three children and in two adults. The tumors had unusual histomorphology and a mixture of ependymal and piloid-like astrocytic features and a myxoid stroma similar to myxopapillary ependymomas. MR imaging in three of the cases showed aggressive, intensely enhancing partially ... |
2,321,956 | [Responses of neurons and astrocytes in rat hippocampus to kainic acid-induced seizures]. | To investigate the time course of the responses of neurons and astrocytes in rat hippocampus (HI) to kainic acid (KA)-induced seizures in various regions.</AbstractText>By means immunohistochemical staining for anti-Fos protein and anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), the regional distribution of reactive neuro... |
2,321,957 | [MRI features of 13 cases of intracranial ependymoma]. | To improve the accuracy of qualitative diagnosis of intracranial ependymomas by analyzing their magnetic resonance (MR) images.</AbstractText>The MR images of 13 cases of intracranial ependymomas confirmed by pathological examinations were investigated retrospectively.</AbstractText>In the 10 cases of ventricle ependym... |
2,321,958 | Clinical and neuroradiological features of patients with spinocerebellar ataxias from Korean kindreds. | Comparative studies of clinical and magnetic resonance imaging findings in patients with spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) have been seldom reported.</AbstractText>To investigate clinical, genetic, and neuroradiological characteristics of SCAs in Korean kindreds.</AbstractText>University hospital.</AbstractText>Molecular ... |
2,321,959 | The effects of neonatal castration on the subsequent behavioural response to centrally administered arginine vasopressin and the expression of V1a receptors in adult male prairie voles. | Centrally administered arginine vasopressin induces the formation of partner preferences in male prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster). The expression of many vasopressin-regulated behaviours is testosterone dependent. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that early exposure to gonadal steroids are necessary to estab... |
2,321,960 | Neuropeptide Y (NPY) delays the oestrogen-induced luteinizing hormone (LH) surge in the ovariectomized ewe: further evidence that NPY has a predominant negative effect on LH secretion in the ewe. | Studies in rats suggest that neuropeptide Y (NPY) plays a stimulatory role in the generation of the preovulatory luteinizing hormone (LH) surge, via the Y1 receptor. We have investigated this issue using the oestradiol benzoate (EB)-treated ovariectomized (OVX) ewe which is a model for the preovulatory LH surge. A Y1 r... |
2,321,961 | Brain lesion volume and neuropsychological function predict efficacy of treatment for depression in multiple sclerosis. | This study examined the effects of brain lesions and neuropsychological impairment on the efficacy of treatment for depression in patients with comorbid diagnoses of multiple sclerosis (MS) and major depressive disorder (MDD). Thirty patients meeting criteria for MS and MDD received 1 of 3 16-week treatments for depres... |
2,321,962 | Sonography of fetal choroid plexus cysts: detection depends on cyst size and gestational age. | To establish diagnostic criteria for the diagnosis of fetal choroid plexus cysts across gestation.</AbstractText>Prenatal sonographic images of 166 fetuses without choroid plexus cysts were prospectively collected from 13 weeks to term. Texture characteristics of the choroid plexus regions were analyzed to quantify cha... |
2,321,963 | [Ganglioglioma of the suprasellar region].<Pagination><StartPage>756</StartPage><EndPage>758</EndPage><MedlinePgn>756-8</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>Ganglioglioma is a lesion rarely encountered in the suprasellar region. Here we present a case of suprasellar region ganglioglioma that was totally rem... | Ganglioglioma is a lesion rarely encountered in the suprasellar region. Here we present a case of suprasellar region ganglioglioma that was totally removed by surgery. The patient was a 15-year-old female who complained of seizure for about 1 year, polyuria and eyesight descent for about 6 months. The neurological exam... |
2,321,964 | Distribution of intramyocardially injected extracellular MR contrast medium: effects of concentration and volume. | The purpose of this study was to assess the potential of intramyocardially injected Gd-DTPA solution as a marker for distribution of intramyocardially delivered therapeutic solutions. The effects of concentration and volume of the extracellular MR contrast medium Gd-DTPA on signal intensity and spatial extent of enhanc... |
2,321,965 | MR imaging evaluation of myocardial viability in the setting of equivocal SPECT results with (99m)Tc sestamibi. | To determine if contrast material-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is useful for assessment of myocardial viability in patients with equivocal stress-rest results from single photon emission computed tomographic (SPECT) examination with technetium 99m sestamibi.</AbstractText>Twenty patients underwent stress-re... |
2,321,966 | Increased brain injury and vascular leakage after pretreatment with p38-inhibitor SB203580 in transient ischemia. | Focal cerebral ischemia activates intracellular signaling pathways including the mitogen-activated protein kinase p38, which may be involved in the process of ischemic brain injury. In this study, the effect of pretreatment with the p38-inhibitor SB203580 on infarct size and blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown was inve... |
2,321,967 | The relationship of brain and cervical cord volume to disability in clinical subtypes of multiple sclerosis: a three-dimensional MRI study. | Brain and cervical cord volume is a potentially valuable index marker of irreversible pathological processes in multiple sclerosis (MS). Volume in both brain and cervical cord regions in the same patients has only been investigated in a small number of subjects. We aimed at measuring volume in different parts of the ce... |
2,321,968 | Stunning and myocardial contractile autoregulation studied on the isolated isovolumic blood-perfused dog heart. | To study, for the first time, the effects of stunning on homeometric and heterometric autoregulation.</AbstractText>Ischaemia (15 min)/reperfusion (30 min) was induced in the isovolumic blood-perfused dog heart preparation. Heart rate elevations (n = 9) from 60 to 200 beats min-1, in steps of 20 beats min-1, promoted t... |
2,321,969 | Semilobar holoprosencephaly with midline 'seam': a topologic and morphogenetic model based upon MRI analysis. | We present an MRI-based anatomic analysis of a series of seven human brains with the semilobar form of holoprosencephaly. The analysis defines a set of common descriptors for a pattern of topological anomaly which is uniform for the set of seven brains. The core of the anomaly is a rostro-caudally aligned midline gray ... |
2,321,970 | Rapid inhibition of vasoconstriction in renal afferent arterioles by aldosterone. | Aldosterone has been suggested to elicit vessel contraction via a nongenomic mechanism. We tested this proposal in microdissected, perfused rabbit renal afferent arterioles. Aldosterone had no effect on internal diameter in concentrations from 10(-10) to 10(-5) mol/L, but aldosterone abolished the ability of 100 mmol/L... |
2,321,971 | He can tell which master craftsman blew a Venetian vase, but he can not name the Pope: a patient with a selective difficulty in naming faces. | A patient with damage to the left fronto-temporal region could not name faces, although his recognition and semantic knowledge of people were found to be intact. At variance with described anomics for persons' names, this patient was able to retrieve on definition names of people whose faces he could not name. When, in... |
2,321,972 | Expression pattern of the stem cell leukaemia gene in the CNS of the embryonic and adult mouse. | The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor stem cell leukaemia (SCL) is a 'master regulator' of haematopoiesis, where SCL is pivotal in cell fate determination and differentiation. SCL has also been detected in CNS, where other members of the bHLH-family have been shown to be indispensable for neuronal deve... |
2,321,973 | Neural stem cells and the regulation of adult neurogenesis. | Presumably, the 'hard-wired' neuronal circuitry of the adult brain dissuades addition of new neurons, which could potentially disrupt existing circuits. This is borne out by the fact that, in general, new neurons are not produced in the mature brain. However, recent studies have established that the adult brain does ma... |
2,321,974 | Influence of gestational age at exposure on the prenatal effects of gamma-radiation. | The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the influence of gestational age at exposure on the prenatal effects of gamma-radiation. Pregnant ICR mice were exposed to a single dose of 2.0 Gy gamma-radiation at a gestational 2.5 to 15.5 days post-coitus (p.c.). The animals were sacrificed on day 18 of gestation ... |
2,321,975 | Dose-incidence relationships on the prenatal effects of gamma-radiation in mice. | The objective of this investigation was to evaluate dose-incidence relationships on the prenatal effects of gamma-radiation. Pregnant ICR mice were exposed on day 11.5 after conception, coincident with the most sensitive stage for the induction of major congenital malformations, with 0.5-4.0 Gy of gamma-radiations. The... |
2,321,976 | Brain malformations caused by retroviral vector-mediated gene transfer of hippocampal cholinergic neurostimulating peptide precursor protein into the CNS via embryonic mice ventricles. | Hippocampal cholinergic neurostimulating peptide precursor protein (HCNP-pp) is a unique multifunctional protein, being not only the precursor of HCNP, which promotes the phenotype development of septo-hippocampal cholinergic neurons, but also the binding protein of phosphatidylethanolamine, ATP, Raf-1 kinase (known as... |
2,321,977 | Electrophysiological differentiation of new neurons in the olfactory bulb. | The subventricular zone produces neuroblasts that migrate to the olfactory bulb (OB) and differentiate into interneurons throughout postnatal life (Altman and Das, 1966; Hinds, 1968; Altman, 1969; Kishi et al., 1990; Luskin, 1993; Lois and Alvarez-Buylla, 1994). Although such postnatally generated interneurons have bee... |
2,321,978 | Induction of protein synthesis in cardiac fibroblasts by cardiotrophin-1: integration of multiple signaling pathways. | Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) is a member of the IL-6 family of cytokines and is expressed in various cardiovascular disease states. CT-1 induces cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and protects myocytes from ischemia reperfusion injury. We sought to elucidate CT-1 signaling in cardiac fibroblasts with respect to initiation of protein... |
2,321,979 | Left ventricular outflow tract myxoma. | This article reports a left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) myxoma, presenting with peripheral embolus, in a 90-year-old patient during the follow-up due to ischemic heart disease. Among LVOT myxomas, which are usually very rare and most likely to present with manifestations due to obstruction, this is the first case ... |
2,321,980 | Oligodendroglioma in a French bulldog. | A 5-year-old, male French bulldog with bradycardia, dyspnea, and decerebrate rigidity was necropsied. Macroscopic findings were restricted to the brain, and a single mass, 1.5 x 2.0 x 1.5 cm in size, was observed mainly at the right cingulum with prominently protruding into the dilated right lateral ventricle. The mass... |
2,321,981 | Intracerebroventricular administration of insulin and glucose inhibits the anorectic action of leptin in rats. | Obese individuals with glucose intolerance present with high serum levels of glucose, insulin, and leptin. These substances are potent inhibitors of feeding in the brain. Obese subjects still present with over-feeding despite elevation of the above factors. To elucidate the mechanism of this paradox, the effects of ins... |
2,321,982 | Physiological significance of 2-buten-4-olide (2-B4O), an endogenous satiety substance increased in the fasted state. | A sugar acid, 2-B4O, has been found to increase from 3.5 to 13 microM in rat serum at 36 h after food deprivation. Injections of 2-B4O (2.5 microM) into the rat III cerebral ventricle (III ICV) suppress food intake and single neuronal activity in the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA). 2-B4O is effective even in 72 h food... |
2,321,983 | Possible role of L-carnosine in the regulation of blood glucose through controlling autonomic nerves. | Mammalian muscles synthesize L-carnosine, but its roles were unknown. Previously, we found in rats that the administration of a certain amount of L-carnosine elicited an inhibition of the hyperglycemia induced by the injection of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) into the lateral cerebral ventricle (LCV), and that intravenous in... |
2,321,984 | Hypothalamic neuronal histamine in genetically obese animals: its implication of leptin action in the brain. | Leptin regulates feeding behavior and energy metabolism by affecting hypothalamic neuromodulators. The present study was designed to examine hypothalamic neuronal histamine, a recently identified mediator of leptin signaling in the brain, in genetic obese animals. Concentrations of hypothalamic histamine and tele-methy... |
2,321,985 | Ghrelin and body weight regulation in the obese Zucker rat in relation to feeding state and dark/light cycle. | Ghrelin is a new orexigenic peptide primarily produced by the stomach but also present in the hypothalamus. It has adipogenic effects when it is chronically injected in rodents but in obese humans, its plasma concentration is decreased. It can reverse the anorectic effects of leptin when it is co-injected with this pep... |
2,321,986 | Increased effects of C-type natriuretic peptide on contractility and calcium regulation in murine hearts overexpressing cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase I. | 1. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) and its receptor guanylyl cyclase (GC-B) are expressed in the heart and modulate cardiac contractility in a cGMP-dependent manner. Since the distal cellular signalling pathways remain unclear, we evaluated the peptide effects on cardiac function and calcium regulation in wild-type (W... |
2,321,987 | Gigantic variety: expression patterns of titin isoforms in striated muscles and consequences for myofibrillar passive stiffness. | The giant muscle protein titin has become a focus of research interests in the field of muscle mechanics due to its importance for passive muscle stiffness. Here we summarize research activities leading to current understanding of titin's mechanical role in the sarcomere. We then show how low-porosity polyacrylamide-ge... |
2,321,988 | Measurement of myocardial blood flow velocity reserve with myocardial contrast echocardiography in patients with suspected coronary artery disease: comparison with quantitative gated Technetium 99m sestamibi single photon emission computed tomography. | The ability of high and low mechanical index (MI) imaging methods during myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) to assess the physiologic significance of coronary stenoses were compared with technetium 99m sestamibi single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in patients.</AbstractText>Intermittent ultraharm... |
2,321,989 | Virtual and real brain tumors: using mathematical modeling to quantify glioma growth and invasion. | Over the last 10 years increasingly complex mathematical models of cancerous growths have been developed, especially on solid tumors, in which growth primarily comes from cellular proliferation. The invasiveness of gliomas, however, requires a change in the concept to include cellular motility in addition to proliferat... |
2,321,990 | In vivo observation of dynamic perilymph formation using 4.7 T MRI with gadolinium as a tracer. | To investigate the pharmacokinetics of gadolinium in the perilymphatic fluid spaces of the cochlea in vivo using high-resolution MRI to obtain information concerning perilymph formation.</AbstractText>A Bruker Biospec Avance 47/40 experimental MRI system with a magnetic field strength of 4.7 T was used. Anesthetized pi... |
2,321,991 | Ependyma-lined cysts. | Ependyma-lined cystic lesions of the subarachnoid space are uncommon. They form a histologically heterogeneous group and have been referred to as epithelial, ependymal, glioependymal and neuroepithelial cysts depending on their respective histological characteristics. In this report, we describe two cases of ependyma-l... |
2,321,992 | B-type natriuretic peptide: a new tool in the armamentarium used to accurately diagnose heart failure. | Nearly 5 million Americans have heart failure (HF). Making a correct diagnosis early is an important component in the multifaceted approach to detection and/or treatment of this disease. The US Food and Drug Administration recently approved a point-of-care B-type natriuretic peptide assay to be used in the diagnosis of... |
2,321,993 | Rapid, nongenomic effects of aldosterone in the heart mediated by epsilon protein kinase C. | Aldosterone elevates Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter activity in rabbit cardiomyocytes within 15 min, an effect blocked by K-canrenoate and thus putatively mineralocorticoid receptor mediated. Increased cotransporter activity raises intracellular [Na+] sufficient to produce a secondary increase in Na+-K+ pump activity; when ... |
2,321,994 | Osmotic regulation of estrogen receptor-beta expression in magnocellular vasopressin neurons requires lamina terminalis. | Estrogen receptor-beta (ER-beta) expression in rat magnocellular vasopressin (VP) neurons of the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei (SON and PVN, respectively) becomes undetectable after 72 h of 2% NaCl consumption. To test the hypothesis that osmosensitive mechanisms that originate in the region of the organum vasc... |
2,321,995 | Temperature dependence of the Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2) in the ventricles of tuna and mackerel. | Recent physiological studies on the cardiovascular performance of tunas suggest that the elevated heart rates of these fish may rely on increased use of intracellular sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ stores. In this study, we compare the cellular cardiac performance in endothermic tunas (bluefin, albacore, yellowfin) a... |
2,321,996 | Sp1 decoy oligodeoxynucleotide decreases angiotensin receptor expression and blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats. | The transcriptional factor Sp1 is associated with GC-rich promoters and involved in basal promoter activity. A GC-box-related sequence is located within the -58 to -34 base pair region of the angiotensin type 1 receptor gene promoter. We examined whether Sp1 in the hypothalamus was increased in spontaneously hypertensi... |
2,321,997 | Clinicopathological and ultrastructural study in two cases of chordoid glioma. | Chordoid glioma is a rare benign neoplasm of uncertain histogenesis occurring in the third ventricle/ /suprasellar region. Recently, data have emerged suggesting that chordoid glioma is a variant of ependymoma related to a specialised ependyma of the subcommisural organ or the lamina terminalis area. In this study, we ... |
2,321,998 | The brain-specific protein MLC1 implicated in megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts is expressed in glial cells in the murine brain. | The human MLC1 gene (also known as KIAA0027 and WKL1) and its murine orthologue (Mlc1) encode a putative transmembrane protein expressed primarily in brain. Recessive mutations within human MLC1 cause megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts (MLC), whereas a missense mutation resulting in a methionine... |
2,321,999 | Anaemia stimulates aquaporin 1 expression in the fetal sheep heart. | Interstitial fluid fluxes are much greater in the fetus than in the adult, and filtration rates are increased over control in most tissues of the anaemic fetus. Increased capillary filtration may lead to cardiac oedema which, in turn, severely impacts cardiac function. Mechanisms that underlie these differences in flux... |
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