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2,323,300 | Instantiating a mechatronic valve schedule for a hydrocephalus shunt. | Hydrocephalus is caused by blockage or reabsorption difficulty that upsets the natural balance of production and absorption of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain, resulting in a build-up of the fluid in the ventricles of the brain. One of the recent advances in the treatment of hydrocephalus is the invention of a mechatr... |
2,323,301 | Enhanced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 in the subventricular zone of stroke-lesioned rats. | Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-3, a receptor for VEGF-C and VEGF-D, has recently been proposed to be involved in adult hippocampal neurogenesis in response to cerebral ischemia. To identify whether VEGFR-3 is involved in poststroke neurogenesis, we investigated the temporal regulation of VEGFR-3 mR... |
2,323,302 | A multimodal MRI investigation of the subventricular zone in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease patients. | The subventricular zone (SVZ) is a region that lies immediately beneath the ependymal layer on the lateral wall of the lateral ventricles, and is separated from the caudate nucleus by a layer of myelin. It contains multipotent neural stem cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the tissue around the SVZ, with t... |
2,323,303 | Tetravalent Abeta1-15 vaccine reduces TCR-positive cell infiltration and up-regulates p75 in Tg2576 brains compared to Abeta42 vaccine. | In order to investigate the effect of Abeta vaccines on T cell infiltration into the brain, we immunized Tg2576 mice with two adenovirus vaccines containing tetravalent Abeta1-15 (4xAbeta15) or Abeta42. TCR-positive cells were found in the ventricle, parenchyma, and surrounding the vasculature, especially concentrating... |
2,323,304 | A partially ossified solid and cystic Rathke cleft cyst. | A Rathke cleft cyst is considered to arise from the remnants of the Rathke pouch, and it consists of single cuboidal or columnar epithelium including cilia and goblet cells, which secrete mucus into the cyst. Magnetic resonance imaging characteristically shows a thin membranous cystic wall that enhances with Gd, and ho... |
2,323,305 | Acceleration of hippocampal atrophy in a non-demented elderly population: the SNAC-K study. | Brain atrophy in Alzheimer's disease (AD) includes not only AD-specific brain atrophy but also the atrophy induced by normal aging. Atrophy of the hippocampus has been one diagnostic marker of AD, but it was also found to emerge in healthy adults, along with increasing age. It was reported that the important age when a... |
2,323,306 | Multiple primary cilia modulate the fluid transcytosis in choroid plexus epithelium. | Functional defects in cilia are associated with various human diseases including congenital hydrocephalus. Previous studies suggested that defects in cilia not only disrupt the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) generated by motile cilia in ependyma lining the brain ventricles, but also cause increased CSF production at... |
2,323,307 | Antibodies to dynorphin a (1-17) attenuate closed head injury induced blood-brain barrier disruption, brain edema formation and brain pathology in the rat. | The potential neuroprotective efficacy of dynorphin A antiserum on BBB dysfunction, edema formation and brain pathology was examined in a closed head injury (CHI) model in the rat. The CHI was produced by an impact of 0.224 N on the right parietal bone under anesthesia by dropping a weight of 114.6 g on the skull from ... |
2,323,308 | Is neuroradiological imaging sufficient for exclusion of intracranial hypertension in children? Intracranial hypertension syndrome without evident radiological symptoms. | There are still many important questions about algorithms and clinical scenarios in the context of children with clinical intracranial hypertension symptoms (IHS) without radiological findings. Such conditions could appear in different clinical situations, including slit ventricle syndrome, overdrainage syndrome, norma... |
2,323,309 | Minocycline attenuates brain edema, brain atrophy and neurological deficits after intracerebral hemorrhage. | Evidence suggests that microglia activation contributes to brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The present study aimed to determine if minocycline, an inhibitor of microglia activation, can reduce brain edema, brain atrophy and neurological deficits after ICH.Male Sprague-Dawley rats received an infusion... |
2,323,310 | Intracranial irregularities beside hydrocephalus in H-Tx rats. | It has been well documented that up to 70% of H-Tx rats' offspring suffer from severe hydrocephalus, which can be fatal if it remains untreated. Some offspring also have non-fatal moderate hydrocephalus allowing a normal life expectancy. The objective of this study was finding other morphological intracranial abnormali... |
2,323,311 | Early shunting using the parallel shunt system in hemorrhagic hydrocephalus: in vitro testing of handling, technical complications and clogging rate. | In order to minimize the duration of external cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage after hemorrhagic hydrocephalus we are testing a parallel shunt system that can be implanted very early after bleeding. It should be able to tolerate a high load of protein and blood in the CSF. After clearance of the CSF, the valveless ar... |
2,323,312 | What can be found inside shunt catheters. | Obstruction of shunt catheters is one of the main causes of shunt malfunction. The fragments of shunts removed from five patients were examined using scanning electron microscopy with a (SEM) JEOL JSM-6390 LV microscope. Fifteen catheters from the brain ventricle, lumbar space, and peritoneal space were studied. SEM st... |
2,323,313 | Regression of dilated perivascular spaces of the brain. | Perivascular, or Virchow-Robin, spaces of the brain represent interstitial fluid-filled spaces continuous with subpial spaces, and not invagination of cerebrospinal fluid-filled subarachnoid spaces. Regression of a dilated, or even giant, perivascular space occurs rarely. The purpose of this paper is to describe magnet... |
2,323,314 | Adult mouse subventricular zone stem and progenitor cells are sessile and epidermal growth factor receptor negatively regulates neuroblast migration. | The adult subventricular zone (SVZ) contains stem and progenitor cells that generate neuroblasts throughout life. Although it is well accepted that SVZ neuroblasts are migratory, recent evidence suggests their progenitor cells may also exhibit motility. Since stem and progenitor cells are proliferative and multipotenti... |
2,323,315 | Japanese encephalitis virus induce immuno-competency in neural stem/progenitor cells. | The low immunogenicity of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) coupled with negligible expression of MHC antigens has popularized their use in transplantation medicine. However, in an inflammatory environment, the NSPCs express costimulatory molecules and MHC antigens, and also exhibit certain immunomodulatory function... |
2,323,316 | Interneurons produced in adulthood are required for the normal functioning of the olfactory bulb network and for the execution of selected olfactory behaviors. | Olfactory bulb (OB) interneurons are continuously renewed throughout an animal's lifespan. Despite extensive investigation of this phenomenon, little is known about bulbar circuitry functioning and olfactory performances under conditions of ablated arrival of new neurons into the adult OB. To address this issue we perf... |
2,323,317 | One-year brain atrophy evident in healthy aging. | An accurate description of changes in the brain in healthy aging is needed to understand the basis of age-related changes in cognitive function. Cross-sectional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies suggest thinning of the cerebral cortex, volumetric reductions of most subcortical structures, and ventricular expansi... |
2,323,318 | [The effect of valsartan and fluvastatin on the connective tissue growth factor expression in experimental diabetic cardiomyopathy].<Pagination><StartPage>660</StartPage><EndPage>665</EndPage><MedlinePgn>660-5</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVE" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">To investigate the ... | The authors have studied structural functional peculiarities of the left ventricle in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, dependent on the presence of cardiovascular form of diabetic autonomic neuropathy and dynamics of the studied parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with cardiovascular... |
2,323,319 | Successful stenting of the ductus venosus in 2 neonates with asplenia syndrome complicated by infracardiac type total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. | In the neonatal period, the surgical mortality of palliation is extremely high for asplenia syndrome complicated by single ventricle combined with total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC). Recently, stent implantation for the pulmonary venous drainage route soon after birth has been used instead of surgery t... |
2,323,320 | Migration and differentiation of canine bone marrow stromal cells transplanted into the developing mouse brain. | To evaluate whether canine bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) can migrate and adopt neural phenotypes in the developing mouse brain we transplanted fluorescently labeled BMSCs into the lateral ventricle of immunocompromised neonatal mice. Most fibroblasts, used as a control, and BMSCs isolated from adult dogs remained a... |
2,323,321 | Intraventricular fungus ball: a unique manifestation of refractory intracranial candidiasis in an immunocompetent neonate. | The authors report on a case of intracranial candidiasis in an immunocompetent neonate with a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt. The child was known to be colonized with yeast as she had been treated for oral thrush; however, she did not have systemic candidiasis. Despite initial treatment with antifungal medication, intrave... |
2,323,322 | Cystic choroid plexus papilloma in the cavum septum pellucidum. | A choroid plexus papilloma is a rare CNS neoplasm arising from the neuroepithelial lining of the choroid plexus. A third ventricular location of a choroid plexus papilloma is rare compared with the more common sites in the lateral and fourth ventricles. Cystic choroid plexus papilloma represents an infrequent subtype t... |
2,323,323 | Treatment of intermittent obstructive hydrocephalus secondary to a choroid plexus cyst. | The authors present the case of an 11-week-old girl in whom hydrocephalus developed secondary to intermittent obstruction of the third ventricle by a choroid plexus cyst. The patient presented to the emergency department at the authors' institution with a 1-day history of projectile vomiting, lethargy, and dysconjugate... |
2,323,324 | Optimal treatment strategy for intracranial germ cell tumors: a single institution analysis. | This study retrospectively analyzed the long-term outcomes of 108 consecutive patients to establish the classification and optimal treatment strategy for each subgroup of newly diagnosed germ cell tumors (GCTs).</AbstractText>A retrospective review of medical records from the authors' department between April 1989 and ... |
2,323,325 | Neurodevelopmental outcome of infants with unilateral or bilateral periventricular hemorrhagic infarction. | Periventricular hemorrhagic infarction (PVHI) is a major contributing factor to poor neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants. We hypothesized that surviving infants with unilateral PVHI would have more favorable outcomes than those with bilateral PVHI.</AbstractText>This was a multicenter, retrospective study of... |
2,323,326 | [Central administration of the amyloid beta-peptide (25-35) and individual features of cognitive behavior of rats]. | Individual features of cognitive behavior of rats induced by the administration of the aggregated amyloid beta3-peptide (25-35) (Abeta25-35) into the lateral ventricles of the brain were studied. A new approach to the estimation of individual differences in the effects of Abeta25-35 was applied. Navigation training was... |
2,323,327 | Skeletal Muscle for Endomyocardial Biopsy: Comparable Stress Response in Doxorubicin Cardio-myopathy. | In the present study, we compared the cell damage response in skeletal and cardiac muscle tissue when exposed to doxorubicin. This was carried out by means of a less invasive informative substitute to endomyocardiac biopsy based on Hsp70 immunodetection and a subcellular analysis of the nucleolus. Male Sprague Dawley r... |
2,323,328 | The relationship between systemic hemodynamic perturbations and periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage--a historical perspective. | Periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage (PV-IVH) remains the major cause of injury to the developing brain. Predisposing factors include a germinal matrix with an immature vasculature, a pressure passive cerebral circulation, and hemodynamic perturbations in sick premature infants. Intact cerebral autoregulation ha... |
2,323,329 | Effects of aromatase mutation (ArKO) on the sexual differentiation of kisspeptin neuronal numbers and their activation by same versus opposite sex urinary pheromones. | Pheromones have been shown to induce sexually dimorphic responses in LH secretion. Here we asked whether the sexually dimorphic population of kisspeptin neurons in the rostral periventricular area of the third ventricle (RP3V) could relay sexually dimorphic information from the olfactory systems to the GnRH system. Fur... |
2,323,330 | [Fetal ventriculomegaly secondary to germinal matrix hemorrhage--case report]. | A germinal matrix is an area of the fetal brain where neuroblasts proliferate till the 20th week of gestation after which their migration takes place. Germinal matrix hemorrhage (GMH) is a frequent cause of fetal ventriculomegaly or hydrocephalus, yet the pathophysiological conditions of GMH remain unclear. A case of f... |
2,323,331 | In vivo morphological changes in animal models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Alzheimer's-like disease: MRI approach. | Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the only noninvasive technique that provides structural information on both cell loss and metabolic changes. After reviewing all the results obtained in clinical studies, reliable biomarkers in neurological diseases are still lacking. Diffusional MRI, MR spectroscopy, and the assessm... |
2,323,332 | Pontocerebellar volume deficits and ataxia in alcoholic men and women: no evidence for "telescoping". | Brain volume shrinkage is common in treatment-seeking patients with alcohol use disorders. Whether women are more vulnerable to brain dysmorphology than men despite lower alcohol consumption levels or shorter dependency ("telescoping effect") remains controversial and has not been considered with respect to infratentor... |
2,323,333 | Diffusion-weighted imaging in fetuses with unilateral cortical malformations and callosal agenesis. | DWI was performed in fetuses with callosal agenesis and unilateral cortical malformations. ADC values were retrospectively measured in the developing white matter underlying the cortical malformation and compared with the corresponding contralateral white matter. In all 3 patients, ADC values were lower under the areas... |
2,323,334 | Role of MR imaging in prenatal diagnosis of pregnancies at risk for Joubert syndrome and related cerebellar disorders. | JSRD are rare autosomal recessive brain malformations. We hypothesized that MR imaging can assess fetuses at risk for JSRD and might influence their diagnoses.</AbstractText>We prospectively performed cranial MR imaging for 12 fetuses (mean GA, 23 weeks; SD, 3.7) at 25% recurrence risk for JSRD. We correlated prenatal ... |
2,323,335 | Suppression of food intake by intracerebroventricular injection of alpha-MSH varies with age in rats. | During the aging process of mammals first a phase of obesity and increased adiposity is observed in middle-aged subjects, then anorexia and loss of body weight (sarcopenia) at old age. A possible age-dependence of the anorexigenic alpha-melanocyte-stimulating-hormone (alpha-MSH) in these regulatory changes was studied.... |
2,323,336 | Hydrocephalus in dogs and cats. | Hydrocephalus is distension of the ventricular system of the brain related to inadequate passage of cerebrospinal fluid from its point of production within the ventricular system to its point of absorption into the systemic circulation. Developmental disorders are the most common causes of hydrocephalus, but there are ... |
2,323,337 | Patterns of cortical thickness according to APOE genotype in Alzheimer's disease. | Possession of one or more apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon4 alleles may influence the distribution of atrophy and clinical phenotype. We aimed to assess the influence of APOE genotype on cortical thickness and regional brain volumes in AD (Alzheimer's disease).</AbstractText>We included 38 patients (9 epsilon4 non-carri... |
2,323,338 | Neuroendoscopic management of symptomatic septum pellucidum cavum vergae cyst using a high-definition flexible endoscopic system. | A 24-year-old man, who had an asymptomatic septum pellucidum cyst incidentally found one year previously, presented with severe headache and right abducens nerve palsy caused by expansion of the midline cyst. Preoperative magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed obstructive hydrocephalus due to the enlarged midline cys... |
2,323,339 | Primary yolk sac tumor within the lateral ventricle. | A 13-year-old girl presented with an exceedingly rare case of primary yolk sac tumor located within the lateral ventricle, manifesting as headache, nausea, and diplopia. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 4-cm-diameter solid enhanced mass within the left inferior horn of the lateral ventricle. The tumor was removed ... |
2,323,340 | Hemangiopericytoma in the lateral ventricle. | A 31-year-old female presented with a particularly rare hemangiopericytoma (HPC) in the right lateral ventricle manifesting as a 6-month history of visual disturbance and headache. Left hemianopsia and choked disc were identified by an ophthalmologist who referred her to us. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a 5-... |
2,323,341 | 3D MRI heart segmentation of mouse embryos. | MRI has become an effective tool for anatomical mice studies. Currently, embryologists study the development of mouse embryos in order to understand the mechanisms of human development. The aim of the research presented in this paper, is to develop a semi-automatic image segmentation framework based 3D deformable model... |
2,323,342 | Cell organization of the rat pars tuberalis. Evidence for open communication between pars tuberalis cells, cerebrospinal fluid and tanycytes. | The pars tuberalis (PT) is the only pituitary region in close contact with the medial-basal hypothalamus and bathed by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Although PT has long been recognized as an endocrine gland, certain aspects of its structure remain obscure. The present investigation has been designed to gain information c... |
2,323,343 | Intra-brain microinjection of human mesenchymal stem cells decreases allodynia in neuropathic mice. | Neuropathic pain is a very complex disease, involving several molecular pathways. Current available drugs are usually not acting on the several mechanisms underlying the generation and propagation of pain. We used spared nerve injury model of neuropathic pain to assess the possible use of human mesenchymal stem cells (... |
2,323,344 | Imaging intelligence with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. | Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) is a technique for the assay of brain neurochemistry in vivo. N-acetylaspartate (NAA), the most prominent metabolite visible within the (1)H-MRS spectrum, is found primarily within neurons. The current study was designed to further elucidate NAA-cognition relationships,... |
2,323,345 | External ventricular drain insertion accuracy: is there a need for change in practice? | Free-hand insertion of an external ventricular drain (EVD) is a common emergency neurosurgical procedure, mostly performed for critically ill patients. Although EVD complications have been studied thoroughly, the accuracy of EVD positioning has been audited only occasionally.</AbstractText>Post-EVD insertion computed t... |
2,323,346 | Primary obstruction of the fourth ventricle outlets: neuroendoscopic approach and anatomic description. | Primary obstruction of the foramina of Magendie and Luschka is an uncommon and still unclear cause of noncommunicating hydrocephalus. The aim of this work is the description, for the first time, of the inner aspect of these velar obstructions of the fourth ventricle outlets and the demonstration of the efficacy of neur... |
2,323,347 | The correlation between magnetic resonance imaging features of the brainstem and cerebellum and clinical features of spinocerebellar ataxia 3/Machado-Joseph disease. | Brainstem and cerebellar atrophy are the most important features in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3/Machado-Joseph disease (SCA3/MJD). However, the correlation between brainstem and cerebellar atrophy and the clinical features has not been well studied.</AbstractText>To study the corre... |
2,323,348 | Expression of ankyrin repeat and suppressor of cytokine signaling box protein 4 (Asb-4) in proopiomelanocortin neurons of the arcuate nucleus of mice produces a hyperphagic, lean phenotype. | Ankyrin repeat and suppressor of cytokine signaling box-containing protein 4 (Asb-4) is specifically expressed in the energy homeostasis-related brain areas and colocalizes with proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons of the arcuate nucleus (ARC). Injection of insulin into the third ventricle of the rat brain increased Asb-... |
2,323,349 | What is the clinical importance of echogenic material in the fetal frontal horns? | The purpose of this study was to evaluate the importance of echogenic material in the fetal frontal horns.</AbstractText>This was a Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant, Institutional Review Board-approved retrospective study. In part 1 of the study, prenatal sonography, prenatal magnetic reson... |
2,323,350 | Three-dimensional coupled-object segmentation using symmetry and tissue type information. | This paper presents an automatic method for segmentation of brain structures using their symmetry and tissue type information. The proposed method generates segmented structures that have homogenous tissues. It benefits from general symmetry of the brain structures in the two hemispheres. It also benefits from the tiss... |
2,323,351 | Depression as an evolutionary adaptation: anatomical organisation around the third ventricle. | Currently available antidepressant treatments are no longer seen as the panaceas they once were. Only a proportion of the depressed population respond to them, they have a high relapse rate and a therapeutic lag of several weeks. The notable lack of progress in developing more efficacious drug-based antidepressant ther... |
2,323,352 | Automated ventricular systems segmentation in brain CT images by combining low-level segmentation and high-level template matching. | Accurate analysis of CT brain scans is vital for diagnosis and treatment of Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBI). Automatic processing of these CT brain scans could speed up the decision making process, lower the cost of healthcare, and reduce the chance of human error. In this paper, we focus on automatic processing of CT b... |
2,323,353 | A histology-based atlas of the C57BL/6J mouse brain deformably registered to in vivo MRI for localized radiation and surgical targeting. | The C57BL/6J laboratory mouse is commonly used in neurobiological research. Digital atlases of the C57BL/6J brain have been used for visualization, genetic phenotyping and morphometry, but currently lack the ability to accurately calculate deviations between individual mice. We developed a fully three-dimensional digit... |
2,323,354 | Participation of kinin receptors on memory impairment after chronic infusion of human amyloid-beta 1-40 peptide in mice. | Chronic infusion of human amyloid-beta 1-40 (Abeta) in the lateral ventricle (LV) of rats is associated with memory impairment and increase of kinin receptors in cortical and hippocampal areas. Deletion of kinin B1 or B2 receptors abolished memory impairment caused by an acute single injection of Abeta in the LV. As br... |
2,323,355 | Genetic ablation of caveolin-1 increases neural stem cell proliferation in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the adult mouse brain. | Adult neural stem cells are self-renewing multipotent cells that have the potential to replace dysfunctional and/or dying neuronal cells at the site of brain injury or degeneration. Caveolins are well-known tumor-suppressor genes that were recently found to be involved in the regulation of stem cell proliferation. For ... |
2,323,356 | The choroid plexus response to a repeated peripheral inflammatory stimulus. | Chronic systemic inflammation triggers alterations in the central nervous system that may relate to the underlying inflammatory component reported in neurodegenerative disorders such as multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. However, it is far from being understood whether and how peripheral inflammation contribut... |
2,323,357 | Activation of adenosine A2B receptors enhances ciliary beat frequency in mouse lateral ventricle ependymal cells. | Ependymal cells form a protective monolayer between the brain parenchyma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). They possess motile cilia important for directing the flow of CSF through the ventricular system. While ciliary beat frequency in airway epithelia has been extensively studied, fewer reports have looked at the mechan... |
2,323,358 | Magnetic brain stimulation upregulates adhesion and prevents Eae: MMP-2, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 in the choroid plexus as a target. | Clinical signs appearance and significant increases of ICAM-1 and MMP-2 expressions with the clusters of VCAM-1(+) immunoreactivity in the choroids plexus epithelium to transferred anti-myelin oligodendroglial antibodies into the third brain ventricle, indicate important role of choroids plexus in the induction of acut... |
2,323,359 | Stimulation of Toll-like receptor 9 by chronic intraventricular unmethylated cytosine-guanine DNA infusion causes neuroinflammation and impaired spatial memory. | Bacterial DNA contains a high frequency of unmethylated cytosine-guanine (CpG) motifs that have strong immunostimulatory properties; they are recognized by mammalian Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9). Because accumulating data suggest that chronic inflammatory processes are involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative d... |
2,323,360 | Organization of ryanodine receptors, transverse tubules, and sodium-calcium exchanger in rat myocytes. | Confocal and total internal reflection fluorescence imaging was used to examine the distribution of caveolin-3, sodium-calcium exchange (NCX) and ryanodine receptors (RyRs) in rat ventricular myocytes. Transverse and longitudinal optical sectioning shows that NCX is distributed widely along the transverse and longitudi... |
2,323,361 | Endoscopic third ventriculostomy for obstructive hydrocephalus in children younger than 6 months of age. | The outcome of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is worse in children younger than 2 years old and especially in infants, and controversies still exist whether ETV might be superior to shunt placement in this age group. We retrospectively analyzed the data of 23 patients younger than 6 months of age treated with E... |
2,323,362 | Cribriform neuroepithelial tumor (CRINET): a nonrhabdoid ventricular tumor with INI1 loss and relatively favorable prognosis. | Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors are malignant embryonal tumors characterized by the presence of rhabdoid cells, genetic alterations affecting the SMARCB1 gene (hSNF5/INI1), and a poor prognosis. Whether INI1 plays a role in the pathogenesis of other central nervous system tumors is uncertain. We report on cases of 2 ... |
2,323,363 | Histiocytic sarcoma in the brain of a cat. | A mass lesion in the subependymal region of the lateral ventricle in a 13-year-old neutered male mongrel cat with a complaint of somnolence, right circling movement and posture abnormality was examined. The magnetic resonance image examination revealed a relatively large T1-hypointense and T2-hyperintense mass lesion i... |
2,323,364 | Additive effect of NRG1 and DISC1 genes on lateral ventricle enlargement in first episode schizophrenia. | Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) and Disrupted-in-schizophrenia (DISC1) genes, which are candidate genes for schizophrenia, are implicated in brain development. We have previously reported an association between the T allele of the rs6994992 SNP within NRG1 gene and lateral ventricle (LV) enlargement in first-episode schizophrenia ... |
2,323,365 | Photoperiodic control of TSH-beta expression in the mammalian pars tuberalis has different impacts on the induction and suppression of the hypothalamo-hypopysial gonadal axis. | Seasonal reproduction depends on photoperiod-regulated activation or suppression of the gonadal axis. Recent studies in quail have identified long-day induced TSH-beta expression in the pars tuberalis (PT) as a rapid trigger of gonadal activation. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) induces type 2 deiodinase (Dio2) in th... |
2,323,366 | Effect of photoperiod on the thyroid-stimulating hormone neuroendocrine system in the European hamster (Cricetus cricetus). | Recent studies have characterised a retrograde mechanism whereby the pineal hormone melatonin acts in the pars tuberalis (PT) of the pituitary gland to control thyroid hormone action in the hypothalamus, leading to changes in seasonal reproductive function. This involves the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)... |
2,323,367 | Infratentorial oligodendrogliomas: Imaging findings in six patients. | Oligodendrogliomas are primarily supratentorial tumors. However, infrequently, they can also arise from infratentorial structures. There are only limited numbers of radiological articles on the specific imaging findings of this entity.</AbstractText>To investigate the imaging findings of infratentorial oligodendrogliom... |
2,323,368 | Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor of the pineal region in an adult. | An atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is a highly malignant embryonal tumor most often occurring in the posterior fossa in children younger than 3 years of age. Adult cases of AT/RT are very rare, and 27 cases with a diagnosis of either AT/RT or (malignant) rhabdoid tumor have been reported to date. The authors r... |
2,323,369 | Ventricular enlargement due to acute hypernatremia in a patient with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. | Patients requiring CSF shunts frequently have comorbidities that can influence water and electrolyte balances. The authors report on a case involving a ventriculoperitoneal shunt in a patient who underwent intravenous hyperhydration and withdrawal of vasopressin substitution prior to scheduled high-dose chemotherapy re... |
2,323,370 | Description of distributed features of the nestin-containing cells in brains of adult mice: a potential source of neural precursor cells. | The distribution of neural precursor cells (NPCs) in adult mice brain has so far not been described. Therefore, we investigated the distribution of NPCs by analyzing the nestin-containing cells (NCCs) in distinct brain regions of adult nestin second-intron enhancer-controlled LacZ reporter transgenic mice through LacZ ... |
2,323,371 | Association of plasma acylated ghrelin with blood pressure and left ventricular mass in patients with metabolic syndrome. | The gut-derived hormone, ghrelin, improves cardiac function in healthy individuals and patients with chronic heart failure. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the major isoforms of the hormone, acylated and desacyl ghrelin, are related to inappropriate left ventricular mass in patients with the metabolic ... |
2,323,372 | Endoscopic third ventriculostomy: the Lebanese experience. | Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) has gained wide popularity as a first-line treatment for obstructive hydrocephalus (OHC). We have been performing ETV since 1998. We report our experience with this technique in the management of OHC.</AbstractText>Between 1998 and 2007, we performed 49 ETV procedures in 46 patien... |
2,323,373 | Diagnosis and treatment of intracranial immature teratoma. | The purpose of this paper is toexplore the clinical features, treatment and prognosis of intracranial immature teratomas.</AbstractText>The clinical data, serum levels of tumor markers, treatment regimens and prognosis of 15 patients with intracranial immature teratomas were reviewed retrospectively.</AbstractText>In p... |
2,323,374 | Aggressive surgical management of patients with Chiari II malformation and brainstem dysfunction. | <AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND/AIMS" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">Chiari II malformation represents a group of developmental abnormalities involving the caudal displacement of the cervicomedullary junction, pons, fourth ventricle, and medulla. This constellation of malformations is strongly associated with myelomeningocele... |
2,323,375 | FoxJ1-dependent gene expression is required for differentiation of radial glia into ependymal cells and a subset of astrocytes in the postnatal brain. | Neuronal specification occurs at the periventricular surface of the embryonic central nervous system. During early postnatal periods, radial glial cells in various ventricular zones of the brain differentiate into ependymal cells and astrocytes. However, mechanisms that drive this time- and cell-specific differentiatio... |
2,323,376 | [Frontal syndrome resulting from an intracerebral amyloidoma]. | A 51-year-old woman suffering an epileptic seizure came to the emergency unit. A ct scan showed a mass lesion in the right frontal lobe. The psychiatric examination indicated a frontal syndrome with severe cognitive impairment. A stereotactical biopsy was carried out. Histopathology produced an unusual diagnosis, namel... |
2,323,377 | Review of pathological hallmarks of schizophrenia: comparison of genetic models with patients and nongenetic models. | Schizophrenia is a condition that impairs higher brain functions, some of which are specific to humans. After identification of susceptibility genes for schizophrenia, many efforts have been made to generate genetics-based models for the disease. It is under debate whether behavioral deficits observed in rodents are su... |
2,323,378 | [Relations of aqueduct with some structures of mesencephalon]. | Aqueductus mesencephali is the biggest part of the ventricular system and that is why it is the most common place of intraventricular obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid. This study was done in order to study topographic characteristics of aqueduct more thoroughly.</AbstractText>Transversal sections of mesencephalon wer... |
2,323,379 | Changed duration of ventricle repolarization in dog heart under conditions of increased preload. | The duration of repolarization of subendocardial, intramural, and epicardial layers of dog ventricles was studied under conditions of volume overload of the heart in situ. Increased preload was modeled by rapid intravenous infusion of saline and rheopolygluquine. The activation-recovery interval was measured by flexibl... |
2,323,380 | Predictable ventricular shift after focal cerebral ischaemia in rats: practical considerations for intraventricular therapeutic interventions. | Intracerebroventricular (ICV) route of administration is a useful experimental method to study the effects of chemicals or cellular grafts in the ventricular compartment of the brain after focal ischaemia. However, the induced oedema may cause structural dislocating phenomena and render a stereotaxic ICV invasion diffi... |
2,323,381 | Multivariate tensor-based morphometry on surfaces: application to mapping ventricular abnormalities in HIV/AIDS. | Here we developed a new method, called multivariate tensor-based surface morphometry (TBM), and applied it to study lateral ventricular surface differences associated with HIV/AIDS. Using concepts from differential geometry and the theory of differential forms, we created mathematical structures known as holomorphic on... |
2,323,382 | [The effects of adipose-derived stem cell transplantation on the expression of IL-10 and TNF-alpha after cerebral ischaemia in rats]. | To explore the effects of adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) transplantation on the expression of IL-10 amd TNF-alpha after cerebral ischaemia in Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rats.</AbstractText>72 male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham group, MCAO group, Vehicle group and ADS... |
2,323,383 | Role of hepcidin in murine brain iron metabolism. | Brain iron homeostasis is maintained by a balance of both iron uptake and release, and accumulating evidence has revealed that brain iron concentrations increase with aging. Hepcidin, an iron regulatory hormone produced by hepatocytes in response to inflammatory stimuli, iron, and hypoxia, has been shown to be the long... |
2,323,384 | Vascular niche factor PEDF modulates Notch-dependent stemness in the adult subependymal zone. | We sought to address the fundamental question of how stem cell microenvironments can regulate self-renewal. We found that Notch was active in astroglia-like neural stem cells (NSCs), but not in transit-amplifying progenitors of the murine subependymal zone, and that the level of Notch transcriptional activity correlate... |
2,323,385 | FM19G11, a new hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) modulator, affects stem cell differentiation status. | The biology of the alpha subunits of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFalpha) has expanded from their role in angiogenesis to their current position in the self-renewal and differentiation of stem cells. The results reported in this article show the discovery of FM19G11, a novel chemical entity that inhibits HIFalpha prote... |
2,323,386 | Ghrelin decreases food intake in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) through the central anorexigenic corticotropin-releasing factor system. | Ghrelin stimulates pituitary growth hormone (GH) release, and has a key role in the regulation of food intake and adiposity in vertebrates. To investigate the central effect of native rainbow trout ghrelin (rtghrelin) on food intake in rainbow trout, as well as its possible mode of action, four groups of fish received ... |
2,323,387 | The effects of the interthalamic adhesion position on cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in the cerebral ventricles. | The interthalamic adhesion is a unique feature of the third ventricle in the brain. It differs in shape and size and its location varies between individuals. In this study, computational fluid dynamics was performed on 4 three-dimensional models of the cerebral ventricular system with the interthalamic adhesion modeled... |
2,323,388 | Surgical findings of a lumbar mature teratoma accompanying the preoperative intracranial dissemination of Fatty droplets. | There are several mechanisms for the dissemination of lipid material from a mature teratoma into the subarachnoid space or ventricles, including iatrogenic or traumatic rupture, but spontaneous rupture of a mature teratoma is rare. We report the spontaneous rupture of a spinal mature teratoma into the subarachnoid spac... |
2,323,389 | Age-dependent vulnerability to ischemia-reperfusion injury of cyanotic myocardium in a chronic hypoxic rat model. | This study evaluated the effects of chronic hypoxia from birth on the resistance of rat hearts to global ischemia, with special emphasis on the duration of hypoxia. Male Wistar rats were housed from birth for 4 weeks or 8 weeks either in a hypoxic environment (FiO2 = 0.12) or in ambient air (8 animals for each group). ... |
2,323,390 | Chapter 30: historical aspects of the major neurological vitamin deficiency disorders: the water-soluble B vitamins. | This historical review addresses major neurological disorders associated with deficiencies of water-soluble B vitamins: beriberi, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, pellagra, neural tube defects, and subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord. Beriberi: Beriberi was known for millennia in Asia, but was not described b... |
2,323,391 | Chapter 6: after Galen Late Antiquity and the Islamic world. | It is usually assumed that after Galen there was nothing new until the Renaissance. Contrary to this view, there were significant modifications of the inherited legacy in Late Antiquity, followed by fundamental changes within the Arabic/Islamic world. Their formative influence extends from the medieval period of transm... |
2,323,392 | Differing patterns of brain structural abnormalities between black and white patients with their first episode of psychosis. | African-Caribbean and black African people living in the UK are reported to have a higher incidence of diagnosed psychosis compared with white British people. It has been argued that this may be a consequence of misdiagnosis. If this is true they might be less likely to show the patterns of structural brain abnormaliti... |
2,323,393 | Coincidence of recurrent hemiparesis and detection of ALL in a 4-year-old girl: one or two diseases? | Stroke like symptoms in children such as hemiparesis are often associated with infection, cranial trauma, cardiac anomalies or sickle cell disease. In childhood leukemia, stroke like symptoms at presentation are rare and normally caused by cerebral bleedings. Here we report a patient who presented with classical stroke... |
2,323,394 | Anatomy and myoarchitecture of the left ventricular wall in normal and in disease. | The normal left ventricle comprises an inlet, apical trabecular, and an outlet portion although these portions do not have discrete anatomical borders. The ventricular wall is thickest near the cardiac base and thins to 1-2 mm at the apex. Characteristically, the muscle bundles at the apical portion are thin, but there... |
2,323,395 | Exercise changes the size of cardiac neurons and protects them from age-related neurodegeneration. | Aging leads to changes in cardiac structure and function. Evidence suggests that the practice of regular exercise may prevent disturbances in the cardiovascular system during aging. We studied the effects of aging on the morphology and morphometry of cardiac neurons in Wistar rats and investigated whether a lifelong mo... |
2,323,396 | Tissue expression of TRPC3 and TRPC6 in hypertensive Munich Wistar Frömter rats showing proteinuria. | We investigated whether alterations of transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channel expression may be observed in tissues from Munich Wistar Frömter (MWF) rats showing proteinuria compared to control Wistar rats.</AbstractText>TRPC expression was investigated in tissue from MWF and Wistar rats using quant... |
2,323,397 | Ependymoblastoma in a Japanese Black heifer. | An 18-month-old, Japanese Black heifer had ananastasia over a two-week period. The heifer was euthanized and necropsied. Grossly, a brown and soft mass was found in the left cerebellar hemisphere, which originated from the fourth ventricle in the pons. Multiple papillary masses were also found on the wall of the fourth... |
2,323,398 | Extraventricular neurocytoma in a child mimicking oligodendroglioma: a diagnostic pitfall. | Extraventricular neurocytomas are rare neuronal tumours that have been included in the 2007 WHO classification as a variant of central neurocytoma. They arise outside the ventricles, usually within the cerebral hemisphere,s but also in other regions throughout the neuraxis. The morphological overlap of these tumours wi... |
2,323,399 | Species-specific injury-induced cell proliferation in the hippocampus and subventricular zone of food-storing and nonstoring wild birds. | Cells are continuously born and incorporated into the adult hippocampus (HP). Adult neurogenesis might act to increase the total number of cells or replace dead cells. Thus, neurogenesis might be a primary factor in augmenting, maintaining, or even recovering functions. In zebra finches, HP injury increases cell prolif... |
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