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3,600 | Catheter stimulation of cardiac parasympathetic nerves in humans: a novel approach to the cardiac autonomic nervous system. | Cardiac parasympathetic nerves run alongside the superior vena cava (SVC) and accumulate particularly epicardially adjacent to the orifice of the coronary sinus (CS). In animals, these nerves can be electrically stimulated inside the SVC or CS, which results in negative chronotropic/dromotropic effects and negative ino... |
3,601 | Life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias due to transient or correctable causes: high risk for death in follow-up. | This study evaluated the prognosis of patients resuscitated from ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF) with a transient or correctable cause suspected as the cause of the VT/VF.</AbstractText>Patients resuscitated from VT/VF in whom a transient or correctable cause has been identified are though... |
3,602 | Spontaneous coronary artery dissection in a pregnant woman. | Spontaneous coronary dissection is a rare condition occurring more often in women, with a higher frequency during the peripartum period. No specific etiology has been defined to describe this uncommon, yet often fatal phenomenon.</AbstractText>A young woman presented at 36 weeks of a noncomplicated pregnancy with recen... |
3,603 | [Interesting cases of ventilatory therapy of sleep apnea in a group of our patients]. | In the group of patients investigated in our sleep laboratory and successfully treated by positive pressure applied in to the upper airways through nasal mask (nCPAP) some interesting cases appeared. These cases show beneficial effect of nCPAP therapy, unfortunately not widely spread and recognized in our country. Thes... |
3,604 | Iterative atrial tachycardia originating from the coronary sinus musculature. | A case of iterative atrial tachycardia leading to dilated cardiomyopathy is reported. During electrophysiologic study, the tachycardia showed a markedly irregular cycle length associated with changes in atrial activation breakthrough as demonstrated by coronary sinus (CS) recordings and frequently degenerated into self... |
3,605 | Mechanisms by which AC leakage currents cause complete hemodynamic collapse without inducing fibrillation. | The first study of weak alternating current (AC) stimulation in closed chest humans showed that complete hemodynamic collapse can occur below the threshold for inducing ventricular fibrillation (VF), a heretofore unknown danger to patients. This article, and the accompanying simulation article, explore the mechanisms r... |
3,606 | Excitation of a cardiac muscle fiber by extracellularly applied sinusoidal current. | The goal of this study was to examine the effect of AC currents on a cardiac fiber. The study is the second in a series of two articles devoted to the subject. The initial study demonstrated that low-strength sinusoidal currents can cause hemodynamic collapse without inducing ventricular fibrillation. The present model... |
3,607 | Conversion of atrial fibrillation by the experimental antiarrhythmic drug tedisamil in two canine models. | Tedisamil is an experimental bradycardic agent possessing action potential-prolonging effects. It has been proven effective in terminating ventricular arrhythmias in several animal models and atrial flutter in a conscious dog model. There are no reports to date evaluating tedisamil's efficacy in terminating atrial fibr... |
3,608 | Relationship between serum potassium concentration and risk of recurrent ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. | Electrolyte abnormalities are considered a correctable cause of a life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia according to American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Practice Guidelines, and ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation in the setting of an electrolyte abnormality is considered a class... |
3,609 | Supraventricular arrhythmias in children and young adults with implantable cardioverter defibrillators. | Rapidly conducted supraventricular tachycardias (SVTs) can lead to inappropriate device therapy in implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) patients. We sought to determine the incidence of SVTs and the occurrence of inappropriate ICD therapy due to SVT in a pediatric and young adult population.</AbstractText>We un... |
3,610 | Dilated Cardiomyopathy. | The management of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) heart failure starts with the determination of the underlying diagnosis, definition of the hemodynamic character (eg, systolic, diastolic, valvular, right- and left-sided heart dysfunction), recognition of complicating factors (eg, atrial fibrillation, renal ... |
3,611 | alpha-Methylnorepinephrine, a selective alpha2-adrenergic agonist for cardiac resuscitation. | The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a selective alpha2-adrenergic agonist, alpha-methylnorepinephrine (alphaMNE) as an alternative vasopressor agent during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).</AbstractText>For more than 40 years, epinephrine has been the vasopressor agent of choice for CPR. Its... |
3,612 | Alterations in potassium channel gene expression in atria of patients with persistent and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: differential regulation of protein and mRNA levels for K+ channels. | Our purpose was to determine whether patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) and patients with paroxysmal AF show alterations in potassium channel expression.</AbstractText>Persistent AF is associated with a sustained shortening of the atrial action potential duration and atrial refractory period. Underlying ... |
3,613 | The repolarization-excitability relationship in the human right atrium is unaffected by cycle length, recording site and prior arrhythmias. | The goal of this study was to determine the relationship between repolarization and excitability in the human atrium under various conditions.</AbstractText>Action potential duration (APD) measurements from monophasic action potential (MAP) recordings provide a surrogate for measuring the effective refractory period (E... |
3,614 | Echocardiographic evaluation of right cardiac function in patients with chronic pulmonary diseases. | It is clinically important to evaluate the severity of right ventricular (RV) overload in patients with chronic pulmonary diseases (CPD). For such evaluation, echocardiography has been widely used because the procedure is noninvasive and can be performed repeatedly. We evaluated the severity of RV overload in CPD patie... |
3,615 | Effect of Sotalol in the prevention of atrial fibrillation following coronary artery bypass grafting. | We assessed the efficacy of postoperatively administered oral Sotalol in preventing the occurrence of postoperative atrial fibrillation.</AbstractText>Subjects were 80 consecutive patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) randomized alternately into a Sotalol group (40 patients) administered 80 mg of o... |
3,616 | Preinfarction angina protects against out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation in patients with acute occlusion of the left coronary artery. | The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of preconditioning on out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation (VF) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).</AbstractText>More than half of the deaths associated with AMI occur out of the hospital and within 1 h of symptom onset. In humans, preinfarction ang... |
3,617 | Clinical profile of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in Chinese patients. | To study the clinical profile of Chinese patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC).</AbstractText>Chinese patients who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of ARVC proposed by the Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and of the scientific council on cardiomyopathy of the Internationa... |
3,618 | Myocardial protection: the efficacy of an ultra-short-acting beta-blocker, esmolol, as a cardioplegic agent. | During myocardial revascularization, some surgeons (particularly in the United Kingdom) use intermittent crossclamping with fibrillation as an alternative to cardioplegia. We recently showed that intermittent crossclamping with fibrillation has an intrinsic protection equivalent to that of cardioplegia. In this study w... |
3,619 | A comparison of the QT and QTc dispersion among patients with sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias and different etiologies of heart disease. | To determine if etiology of heart disease is associated with differences in QT and QTc dispersion among patients with ventricular tachyarrhythmias.</AbstractText>This study was undertaken in 145 patients undergoing electrophysiological testing for sustained ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. Patients ... |
3,620 | Surgically treated primary lung cancer associated with Brugada syndrome: report of a case. | A 71-year-old man with primary lung cancer associated with Brugada syndrome was safely operated on following the placement of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). During examinations for Brugada syndrome, a tumor in the apicoposterior segment of the left lung was incidentally detected by chest computed tomo... |
3,621 | Effects of bystander first aid, defibrillation and advanced life support on neurologic outcome and hospital costs in patients after ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest. | To evaluate the effects of basic life support, time to first defibrillation and emergency medical service arrival time on neurologic outcome and expenses for hospital care in patients after cardiac arrest.</AbstractText>Large urban emergency medical services system and emergency department in a 2000-bed university hosp... |
3,622 | Incidence and type of cardiac arrhythmias in critically ill patients: a single center experience in a medical-cardiological ICU. | To determine the frequency and types of significant, sustained arrhythmias in a mixed ICU.</AbstractText>Prospective, observational study in a medical-cardiological-postoperative ICU at a university hospital.</AbstractText>133 consecutive patients with arrhythmias.</AbstractText>All patients had continuous ECG monitori... |
3,623 | Electromechanical dysfunction of the left atrium associated with interatrial block. | Our purpose was to determine the effect of interatrial block (IAB, P-wave duration >/=120 ms) on left atrial (LA) dynamics. IAB is associated with LA enlargement (LAE). LA dysfunction is associated with decreased left ventricular filling, a propensity for LA appendage thrombus formation, and reduced atrial natriuret... |
3,624 | Comparison of dilated cardiomyopathy and coronary artery disease in patients with life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias: Differences in presentation and outcome in the AVID registry. | The etiology of structural heart disease in patients with life-threatening arrhythmias (ventricular tachycardia [VT]/ventricular fibrillation [VF]) may define clinical characteristics at presentation, may require that different therapies be administered, and may cause different mortality outcomes.</AbstractText>In the ... |
3,625 | Amiodarone versus a beta-blocker to prevent atrial fibrillation after cardiovascular surgery. | Both amiodarone and beta-blockers have been shown to decrease the incidence of atrial fibrillation after cardiovascular surgery. However, the superior agent has not been identified.</AbstractText>We performed a pilot study on 102 patients (68 men, mean age 65 +/- 10 years, mean left ventricular ejection fraction 0.53 +... |
3,626 | Treatment of the elderly post-myocardial infarction patient. | Coronary risk factors should be modified in older persons after myocardial infarction (MI). Aspirin 160-325 mg daily and beta blockers should be administered indefinitely. Anticoagulants should be administered post-MI to patients unable to tolerate daily aspirin, to those with persistent atrial fibrillation, and to tho... |
3,627 | Remodeling of atrial dimensions and emptying function in canine models of atrial fibrillation. | Atrial tachycardia-induced remodeling (ATR) and ventricular tachypacing-induced heart failure (HF) create experimental substrates for atrial fibrillation (AF), and both have been reported to produce atrial dilation and hypocontractility. The relative importance of changes in atrial size and contractility in the two mod... |
3,628 | Left atrial systolic function in relation to electrical and mechanical remodeling in a canine model. | Rapid atrial activation causes electrical remodeling that promotes the occurrence and maintenance of atrial fibrillation. The aim of this research was to compare the relationship between mechanical remodeling and atrial electrophysiology. Eight dogs (beagles) were subjected to rapid atrial pacing (AP) at 400 beats/min ... |
3,629 | [Atrial tachycardia, atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation: curative therapy by focal ablation in a pulmonary vein]. | We describe the case of a 50-year-old woman with the clinical diagnosis of cardiomyopathy associated with supraventricular tachycardia refractory to pharmacological treatment. The totally irregular tachyarrhythmia was the result of different episodes of atrial tachycardia, atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation that co... |
3,630 | A new class of antiarrhythmic-defibrillatory agents. | Novel dibenzoazepine and 11-oxo-dibenzodiazepine derivatives are shown to be effective ventricular defibrillating drug candidates. They exhibit significant in vivo defibrillatory activity with no observed changes in ECG either before or after the VF event. These compounds also exhibit antifibrillatory activity by eleva... |
3,631 | Amiodarone in the new AHA guidelines for ventricular tachyarrhythmias. | To delineate amiodarone's role in the new American Heart Association guidelines for ventricular tachyarrhythmias, review the literature that supports the use of amiodarone in ventricular tachyarrhythmias, describe the pharmaceutical properties of amiodarone and elucidate their clinical implications, and discuss the dos... |
3,632 | [Prevention of thromboembolism in non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation: an update]. | Randomized clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of oral anticoagulants in the prevention of systemic thromboembolism in nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation. The benefit of this treatment is particularly evident in patients in whom atrial fibrillation is associated with a major risk factor for systemic... |
3,633 | A comparison of myocardial function after primary cardiac and primary asphyxial cardiac arrest. | Although myocardial dysfunction after resuscitation from ventricular fibrillation (VF) has been extensively investigated, less is known of the function of the myocardium after asphyxial cardiac arrest. The present experimental study was designed to compare postresuscitation left ventricular (LV) function after cardiac ... |
3,634 | Vasopressin and shock. | Vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone) is emerging as a potentially major advance in the treatment of a variety of shock states. Increasing interest in the clinical use of vasopressin has resulted from the recognition of its importance in the endogenous response to shock and from advances in understanding of its mechanism ... |
3,635 | Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation in prehospital cardiac arrest patients in Singapore. | The chain of survival emphasizes the importance of the four links associated with survival after cardiac arrest (CA). The involvement of laypersons has been increasing over the years. They have been contributing toward "early access," "early cardiopulmonary resuscitation" (CPR), and, of late, "early defibrillation," wi... |
3,636 | A Utstein-style analysis of prognostic factors related to survival in out-of-hospital cardiac arrests in Akita-City, Japan. | To analyze the epidemiology of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests and to elucidate modifiable factors affecting survival, we conducted a prospective cohort study in a middle-sized urban city served by a single emergency medical service (EMS) system in which emergency medical technicians use an automated external defibrill... |
3,637 | Anticoagulant (fluindione)-aspirin combination in patients with high-risk atrial fibrillation. A randomized trial (Fluindione, Fibrillation Auriculaire, Aspirin et Contraste Spontané; FFAACS). | A combination of low-dose aspirin with anticoagulants may provide better protection against thromboembolic events compared to anticoagulants alone in high-risk patients with atrial fibrillation.</AbstractText>Evaluation of the preventive efficacy against nonfatal thromboembolic events and vascular deaths of the combina... |
3,638 | Reperfusion-induced Ins(1,4,5)P(3) generation and arrhythmogenesis require activation of the Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger. | Reperfusion of globally ischemic rat hearts causes rapid generation of inositol(1,4,5) trisphosphate [Ins(1,4,5)P(3)] and the development of arrhythmias, following stimulation of alpha(1)-adrenergic receptors by norepinephrine released from the cardiac sympathetic nerves. The heightened inositol phosphate response in r... |
3,639 | Left ventricular mass regression after aortic valve replacement with CryoLife-O'Brien stentless aortic bioprosthesis. | Left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy has been shown adversely to affect LV function and late outcome after aortic valve replacement (AVR). The study aim was to assess the time course of LV mass regression (LVMR) after AVR with a CryoLife-O'Brien stentless bioprosthesis, and to identify factors affecting late reduction of ... |
3,640 | Predictors for atrial transport function after mini-maze operation. | Restoration of atrial transport function (ATF) is a major goal of the maze procedure. This prospective study was undertaken to evaluate predictors of left atrial transport function in patients undergoing a mini-variant of the maze III procedure 3 and 12 months postoperatively.</AbstractText>Mini-maze operation was perf... |
3,641 | Effects of angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist (candesartan) in preventing fatal ventricular arrhythmias in dogs during acute myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. | Fatal arrhythmias may be prevented by long-term oral administration of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin II type 1 (AT 1 ) receptor antagonists. However, there have been no studies evaluating the electrophysiologic changes that occur with the acute administration of AT 1 receptor antagonists... |
3,642 | Incidence and prognostic significance of atrial fibrillation in acute myocardial infarction: the GISSI-3 data. | Atrial fibrillation is the most common supraventricular arrhythmia in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Recent advances in pharmacological treatment of myocardial infarction may have changed the impact of this arrhythmia.</AbstractText>To assess the incidence and prognosis of atrial fibrillation complicating m... |
3,643 | Electrophysiological effects of ibutilide in patients with accessory pathways. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) may cause life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. We prospectively evaluated the effects of ibutilide on the conduction system in patients with accessory pathways (AP).</AbstractText>In part I, we gave ibutilide to 22 patients (18 men, 31+/-13 y... |
3,644 | Are drugs and catheter ablation effective for treating ventricular arrhythmias in populations that cannot afford implantable cardioverter defibrillators? | Despite recent advances, ventricular arrhythmias continue to pose a therapeutic challenge, especially to the clinician in the developing world. Although the implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) has improved survival in both primary and secondary prevention trials, it still remains a costly modality for the deve... |
3,645 | Hematologic and chemical changes observed during and after cardiac arrest in a canine model--a pilot study. | To evaluate the effect of cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on blood chemistry in a canine model.</AbstractText>Evaluative canine animal study.</AbstractText>Animal laboratory accredited by the Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animals.</AbstractText>Twenty-six adult mongre... |
3,646 | Does simultaneous antegrade and retrograde cardioplegia improve functional recovery and myocardial homeostasis? | The purpose of our research was to evaluate the functional recovery and homeostasis of myocardium during simultaneous continuous retrograde and antegrade cardioplegia versus continuous retrograde cardioplegia.</AbstractText>Forty patients who underwent elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) were prospectively ... |
3,647 | Magnetocardiographic mapping of QRS fragmentation in patients with a history of malignant tachyarrhythmias. | The identification of patients at increased risk for ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) and sudden cardiac death has consequences for therapeutic options and thus may reduce mortality in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).</AbstractText>We hypothesized that the intra-QRS fragmentation ... |
3,648 | A new detection algorithm for implantable cardioverter defibrillator. | One of the most important subsystems of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) is the sensing stage, since it determines the sensitivity and specificity of the device to detect the heart rate and the underlying arrhythmia. This paper aims to investigate a new detection algorithm for ICD, which operates fully auto... |
3,649 | [An unconscious patients with ascending aortic aneurysm accompanied by aortic regurgitation successfully treated by emergency operation after cardiopulmonary resuscitation]. | A-37-year-old woman in shock condition was transferred to our hospital after cardiopulmonary resuscitation for ventricular fibrillation. She was unconscious and suspected of suffering ischemic brain damage, with pathologic reflexes and weak brain stem reflexes. Brain CT scan showed cerebral edema without hemorrhage or ... |
3,650 | Eustachian valve endocarditis caused by Streptococcus viridans. | A 76-year-old man was admitted for ethanol detoxification. He was found to be in atrial fibrillation with a rapid ventricular response that was refractory to electrical and chemical cardioversion attempts. The patient subsequently developed respiratory distress. A transesophageal echocardiogram revealed a vegetation at... |
3,651 | Intramyocardial hematoma mimicking abnormal left ventricular trabeculation. | Intramyocardial hematoma may present as a tumor or pseudoaneurysm on echocardiography. A 68-year-old man was admitted with a subacute posterior wall infarction complicated by ventricular fibrillation. Echocardiography showed isolated left ventricular abnormal trabeculations, a finding suggesting an associated skeletal ... |
3,652 | Compensatory responses of left atrial conduit flow to atrial fibrillation with acute myocardial infarction in a canine model. | The aim of this study was to examine the interaction of acute atrial fibrillation (Af) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) on left atrial (LA) and left ventricular (LV) filling in atrioventricular (A-V) sequential paced, open chest, anesthetized dogs. Left atrial conduit function was determined from pulmonary venous ... |
3,653 | Effect of amiodarone on atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass surgery. | Atrial fibrillation occurs in 10% 40% of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. This study investigates whether prophylactic Amiodarone use reduces the rate of atrial fibrillation post myocardial revascularisation.</AbstractText>In a prospective study conducted at the Cardiothoracic Center over a 6 month ... |
3,654 | Clinical performance of a specific algorithm to reconfirm self-terminating ventricular arrhythmias in current implantable cardioverter-defibrillators. | Inappropriate shock therapy is a frequent problem in patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs), caused mostly by supraventricular rhythms. Self-terminating ventricular arrhythmias (STVAs), however, may also lead to inappropriate shock discharges even in ICDs with abortive shock capabilities. The aim ... |
3,655 | [Stroke of cardioembolic origin in Chagas disease]. | American trypanosomiasis, Chagas disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. Between 10% and 30% of infected persons develop the chronic form, with predominance of the cardiac and gastrointestinal forms. Chagas myocardiopathy leads to congestive heart failure, dysrhythmias and thromboembolic phenomena, and may cause stroke... |
3,656 | Quinidine induced electrocardiographic normalization in two patients with Brugada syndrome. | Two patients with Brugada syndrome are presented. The ECGs showed right precordial J waves and ST-segment elevation. Patient 1 was resuscitated from nocturnal ventricular fibrillation, patient 2 was asymptomatic. In only patient 1, flecainide was infused causing monomorphic "malignant" ventricular extrasystoles (R on T... |
3,657 | Combined cardiomyopathy and skeletal myopathy: a variant with atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia. | This article describes a family characterized by combined cardiomyopathy and nonspecific skeletal myopathy who present in the third to fifth decades with cardiac manifestations but earlier have evidence of subtle skeletal muscle dysfunction. They differ from previously defined syndromes and potentially represent a diff... |
3,658 | Response of atrial fibrillatory activity to carotid sinus massage in patients with atrial fibrillation. | In some cases carotid sinus massage (CSM) may induce AF, whereas it may terminate AF in others. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of CSM on atrial fibrillatory frequency using spectral analysis of the surface ECG. Continuous ECG recordings were made in 19 patients (12 men, 7 women, mean age 61 ... |
3,659 | Correlation between defibrillation shock outcome and coherence in electrocardiograms. | Cycle periods in ECG during VF are correlated with periods of reentrant activation. The ECGs recorded from different locations on the thorax were contributed to from electrical activations within the heart in approximately inverse proportion of their distance from the recording sites. Similarity in cycle periods betwee... |
3,660 | Bidirectional defibrillation using implantable defibrillators: a prospective randomized comparison between pectoral and abdominal active generators. | The objective of this study was to compare the effects of active abdominal and pectoral generator positions on DFTs in a bidirectional tripolar ICD system. Twenty-five consecutive patients had ICD systems implanted under general anesthesia. A transvenous single lead bipolar defibrillation system and an active 57-cc tes... |
3,661 | Enhanced detection criteria in implantable cardioverter defibrillators: sensitivity and specificity of the stability algorithm at different heart rates. | The lack of specificity in the detection of ventricular tachyarrhythmias remains a major clinical problem in the therapy with ICDs. The stability criterion has been shown to be useful in discriminating ventricular tachyarrhythmias characterized by a small variation in cycle lengths from AF with rapid ventricular respon... |
3,662 | Quadruple pads approach for external cardioversion of atrial fibrillation. | This study examined the alternative of transthoracic quadruple pads shock delivery of two simultaneous 360-J shocks to convert refractory AF in patients failing standard external cardioversion. Forty-six patients (mean age 58 +/- 11 years, 23 men) with chronic AF (duration 14 +/- 17 months, range 1-60 months) were incl... |
3,663 | Radiofrequency energy modification of the atrioventricular junction in patients with atrial fibrillation: modes of ventricular response under autonomic blockade and long-term effect. | The short- and long-term effect of radiofrequency (RF) modification of the AV junction on ventricular rate and left ventricular function and the different types of ventricular response during energy application under autonomic nervous blockade were assessed in 28 patients with medically refractory atrial fibrillation. ... |
3,664 | Severe hypothermia with cardiac arrest: complete neurologic recovery in a 4-year-old child. | A 4-year-old girl was lost for 17 hours in a snowstorm. Upon discovery, her core temperature was 72 degrees F (22 degrees C). While undergoing endotracheal intubation in the emergency department, she experienced sudden ventricular fibrillation and cardiac arrest. Closed chest cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was ins... |
3,665 | Prevention of ventricular fibrillation during acute myocardial ischemia: control of free fatty acids. | Fatal ventricular fibrillation is a common complication of acute coronary syndromes. Effective preventive measures are not available. Immediate restriction of free fatty acid availability should optimize ischemic myocardial metabolism, reduce ventricular vulnerability, and increase glucose utilization. Rapid inhibition... |
3,666 | Should an abnormal serum potassium concentration be considered a correctable cause of cardiac arrest? | According to American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Practice Guidelines, electrolyte abnormalities, including abnormal serum potassium concentrations, are considered a correctable cause of a life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia. Ventricular defibrillator therapy in this situation is a class III in... |
3,667 | [Comparison of clinical and electrophysiologic characteristics of patients with occult and manifest atrioventricular accessory pathway]. | It is current opinion that concealed and manifest accessory pathways (APs) are indistinguishable with respect to their location and contribution to orthodromic reciprocating tachycardias. The aim of this study was to compare clinical and electrophysiological characteristics of two groups of patients.</AbstractText>Betw... |
3,668 | Effect of clinical risk stratification on cost-effectiveness of the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator: the Canadian implantable defibrillator study. | Three randomized clinical trials showed that implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) reduce the risk of death in survivors of ventricular tachyarrhythmias, but the cost per year of life gained is high. A substudy of the Canadian Implantable Defibrillator Study (CIDS) showed that 3 clinical factors, age >/=70 ... |
3,669 | Dispatcher assistance and automated external defibrillator performance among elders. | Automated external defibrillators (AEDs) provide an opportunity to improve survival in out-of-hospital, ventricular fibrillation (VF) cardiac arrest by enabling laypersons not trained in rhythm recognition to deliver lifesaving therapy. The potential role of emergency dispatchers in the layperson use of AEDs is uncerta... |
3,670 | Post-resuscitative hypothermic bypass reduces ischemic brain injury in swine. | Increasing human and laboratory evidence suggests that post-resuscitative brain hypothermia reduces the pathologic consequences of brain ischemia. Using a swine model of prolonged cardiac arrest, this investigation sought to determine whether unilateral hypothermic carotid bypass was capable of inducing selective brain... |
3,671 | [The risk of direct current countershock]. | Direct current cardioversion (DCC) is a procedure commonly used to restore the sinus rhythm in patients with supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias. Its safety, regarding the use of electric current, is still a matter of controversy and debate. The patients with atrial fibrillation/flutter, supraventricular or ve... |
3,672 | [Tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy]. | Dilated cardiomyopathy induces circulatory insufficiency with poor prognosis. Persistent tachyarrhythmias may be the cause of this disease. At particular high risk for heart damage and insufficiency are young people and children. The group of most dangerous arrhythmias consist of: incessant tachycardia in patients with... |
3,673 | [Association between mitral annulus calcification and atherosclerosis]. | Mitral annulus calcification (MAC) is best diagnosed by transthoracic echocardiography. MAC is associated with known atherosclerotic risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. It is also known from the literature that patients with MAC have higher prevalence of left atrial and left v... |
3,674 | Experiences with iohexol and iodixanol during cardioangiography in an unselected patient population. | To compare the frequency of adverse events after cardioangiography with iohexol and iodixanol in an unselected patient population with special regard to previously defined "risk patients": age> or =65 years, severe coronary artery disease, unstable angina pectoris and left ventricular dysfunction.</AbstractText>A to... |
3,675 | [Familial junctional ectopic tachycardia: clinical and pathological findings]. | We describe two brothers with a neonatal diagnosis of junctional ectopic tachycardia. The first brother presented hydrops fetalis secondary to narrow QRS tachycardia at a rate of 230-300 beats/min with atrioventricular dissociation. Although the ventricular rate was controlled with intravenous amiodarone the baby died ... |
3,676 | Effect of interatrial block on left atrial function. | Interatrial block produces prolonged P-waves due to conduction delay mainly in the Bachmann bundle, the most direct route from right to left atrium. It is prevalent in patients over age 60 with its main clinical significance its association with eventual atrial fibrillation and/or flutter. Having demonstrated a mean de... |
3,677 | [Congestive heart failure caused by the thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) secreting pituitary adenoma: report of two cases]. | A 42-year-old man and a 31-year-old man with congestive heart failure caused by the thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) secreting pituitary adenoma were reported. Heart failure was improved after transsphenoidal resection of the pituitary adenoma in each patient. The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of TSH causes hyper... |
3,678 | [Attempted CPR in nursing homes - life-saving at the end of life?]. | We studied the course and success rate of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) attempted on nursing home residents by a physician-staffed pre-hospital advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) team.</AbstractText>Ambulance records of nursing home residents from Goettingen/Germany who had a cardiac arrest were examined retros... |
3,679 | Use of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography to predict atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting. | Postoperative atrial fibrillation in coronary artery bypass graft surgery occurs in 10-40% of patients. It is associated with a significant degree of morbidity and results in prolonged lengths of stay in both the intensive care unit and hospital.</AbstractText>The authors prospectively evaluated patients undergoing cor... |
3,680 | [Aorta-left ventricular relationship evaluated by Doppler echocardiography and ambulatory arterial prsesure monitoring]. | Arterial distensibility is one of the components of afterload. Arterial distensibility, left ventricular (LV) mass and LV function are closely linked. The aim of this study is to describe the relations between LV mass LV function and arterial distensibility evaluated by echography Doppler (échography Doppler) and ... |
3,681 | [Doppler echocardiographic study of arterial distensibility. Comparison with ambulatory arterial pressure monitoring]. | Echocardiography Doppler (ED) is a common tool in hypertension to assess left ventricular (LV) mass or LV function. Echography doppler is also available to assess some arterial distensibility (AD) indexes, but it is less frequently used. The aim of this study is to compare AD indexes obtained from échographie dopp... |
3,682 | Follow-up of patients with unexplained syncope and inducible ventricular tachyarrhythmias: analysis of the AVID registry and an AVID substudy. Antiarrhythmics Versus Implantable Defibrillators. | A prospective registry and substudy were conducted in the Antiarrhythmics Versus Implantable Defibrillators (AVID) Study to clarify the prognosis and recurrent event rate, risk factors, and impact of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy in patients with unexplained syncope, structural heart disease, and... |
3,683 | Relationship between rehospitalization and future death in patients treated for potentially lethal arrhythmia. | It is generally considered that death is the only appropriate endpoint to evaluate interventions for preventing death; however, this belief may be based on the previous use of inappropriate or inadequate surrogates for death. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether rehospitalization following implementation of an... |
3,684 | Excessive charge time delaying ventricular tachycardia therapy. | A 70-year-old man with a single-chamber implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) placed for ventricular tachycardia presented with syncope. He was found to have ventricular flutter/fibrillation with capacitor charge time in excess of 1 minute before defibrillation. The excessive charge time was secondary to ICD cap... |
3,685 | Modulation of QT interval by cardiac sympathetic nerve sprouting and the mechanisms of ventricular arrhythmia in a canine model of sudden cardiac death. | We previously reported that there is a high incidence of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in dogs with myocardial infarction (MI), complete AV block (CAVB), and nerve growth factor (NGF) infusion to the left stellate ganglion (LSG). Whether or not QT interval prolongation underlines the mechanism of SCD was unclear.</Abstrac... |
3,686 | Effects of linear, irrigated-tip radiofrequency ablation in porcine healed anterior infarction. | Radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation for ventricular tachycardia (VT) in healed infarction is modestly successful. More extensive, anatomically based procedures and irrigated RF delivery may improve outcome. However, limited data exist regarding the characteristics of irrigated RF lesions in infarcted myocardium. This... |
3,687 | Effects of azimilide, a new class III antiarrhythmic drug, on reentrant circuits causing ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation in a canine model of myocardial infarction. | Azimilide blocks the slow (I(Ks)) and fast (I(Kr)) components of the delayed rectifier potassium channel. It also has blocking effects on sodium (I(Na)) and calcium currents (I(CaL)). Its effects on reentrant circuits in infarct border zones causing ventricular tachyarrhythmias are unknown.</AbstractText>Activation in ... |
3,688 | Resting ECG abnormalities among asymptomatic Arab men and comparison with other ethnic populations. | The aim of this study was to detect the frequency of the resting electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities among asymptomatic Arab men in Saudi Arabia, since no similar studies had been conducted in this ethnic population. The ECG tracings of 314 men (mean age 44.2 years) who attended a health clinic in Abha, Southern Saud... |
3,689 | Gap junction blockers decrease defibrillation thresholds without changes in ventricular refractoriness in isolated rabbit hearts. | The maintenance and termination of reentry arrhythmias are determined by tissue properties such as refractoriness and conduction velocity. Although the effects of Na(+) and K(+) channel block on electrophysiological properties and defibrillation threshold (DFT) have been studied, little is known about the effect of gap... |
3,690 | Pharmacologic conversion of atrial fibrillation: a systematic review of available evidence. | This report reviews the efficacy of currently available antiarrhythmic agents for conversion of atrial fibrilation (AF) to normal sinus rhythm (NSR). A systematic search of literature in the English language was done on computerized databases, such as MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Current Contents, in reference lists, by manual... |
3,691 | Enhanced in vivo and in vitro contractile responses to beta(2)-adrenergic receptor stimulation in dogs susceptible to lethal arrhythmias. | The response to beta-adrenergic receptor (beta-AR) stimulation was evaluated in both isolated cardiomyocytes (video edge detection) and the intact animal (echocardiography) in dogs either susceptible (S) or resistant (R) to ventricular fibrillation induced by a 2-min coronary occlusion during the last minute of exercis... |
3,692 | Influence of atrial fibrillation on outcome following mitral valve repair. | To investigate the outcome of patients in atrial fibrillation (AF) following mitral valve repair, clinical and echocardiographic follow-up was undertaken in 400 consecutive patients who underwent mitral valvuloplasty from 1987 to 1999.</AbstractText>The main indications for surgery were degenerative (81.4%), endocardit... |
3,693 | The effects of endothelin-1 on ischaemia-induced ventricular arrhythmias in rat isolated hearts. | We have shown previously that a small bolus dose of endothelin-1, given intravenously before coronary occlusion, exerts a marked antiarrhythmic effect in anaesthetised rats. The aim of the current study was to determine whether or not this is due to a direct effect of endothelin-1 on the heart by assessing the antiarrh... |
3,694 | Angiotensin-(1-7): cardioprotective effect in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion. | In this study we evaluate the effects of angiotensin-(1-7) on reperfusion arrhythmias in isolated rat hearts. Rat hearts were perfused according to Langendorff technique and maintained in heated (37+/-1 degrees C) and continuously gassed (95% O(2)/5% CO(2)) Krebs-Ringer solution at constant pressure (65 mm Hg). The ele... |
3,695 | [Electrocardiographic changes during stress test in a patient with "Brugada syndrome"]. | We report a 28 year old man with the Brugada syndrome characterised by an electrocardiographic pattern of a right bundle branch block and an ST segment elevation in the right precordial leads as well as syncope. During an exercise test, we observed a normalization of the ST segment in V2+ while in the postexercise phas... |
3,696 | [Sudden death in intermittent Wolff Parkinson White syndrome]. | Sudden death is a rare condition in asymptomatic patients with asymptomatic intermittent Wolff Parkinson syndrome (WPW); for this reason it is believed that these patients should not undergo to radiofrequency ablation. We report an asymptomatic 44 year old man who developed ventricular fibrillation with a pre-excited R... |
3,697 | [Atrial fibrillation]. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia. AF has now been exhaustively studied: more is known about its mechanism and research is moving towards new forms of treatment. For chronic AF, basically the control of ventricular rate and the brain protection are the main issues. It is well known that w... |
3,698 | [Biatrial re-synchronization in the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. 3- and 4-chamber pacemaker]. | The reason for multisite pacing is to correct atrial and ventricular electrical and mechanical asynchrony found in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) and dilated cardiomyopathy. We report the first two cases in Mexico treated with biatrial pacing for PAF. The first was treated with a three chamber pacemaker and the o... |
3,699 | Long-term efficacy and safety of propafenone and sotalol for the maintenance of sinus rhythm after conversion of recurrent symptomatic atrial fibrillation. | This study was performed to evaluate, using a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled protocol, the long-term efficacy and safety of propafenone and sotalol in maintaining sinus rhythm after conversion of recurrent symptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF). The maintenance of sinus rhythm in patients with recurrent AF h... |
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