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3,800 | Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in a child without overt cardiac disease: emergency department management. | This case report describes the successful resuscitation of a 7-year-old girl who had no previous history of cardiac disease other than one episode of syncope. She developed ventricular fibrillation for 10 min. External chest compressions, early defibrillation and orotracheal intubation were used with a successful outco... |
3,801 | Results from the first 12 months of a fire first-responder program in Australia. | We aimed to reduce response times and time to defibrillation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients through fire first-responders equipped with automatic external defibrillators (AEDs). The fire first-responders were added as an extra tier to the existing two-tired ambulance response.</AbstractText>This prospectiv... |
3,802 | Employing vasopressin during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and vasodilatory shock as a lifesaving vasopressor. | Epinephrine during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is being discussed controversially due to its beta-receptor mediated adverse effects such as increased myocardial oxygen consumption, ventricular arrhythmias, ventilation-perfusion defect, postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction, ventricular arrhythmias and cardia... |
3,803 | Inappropriate shock delivery due to ventricular double detection with a biventricular pacing implantable cardioverter defibrillator. | This report describes a patient with advanced heart failure, pronounced intraventricular conduction delay, and ventricular tachycardias who underwent implantation of a multisite pacing ICD. Pacing leads were placed in the right atrium, right ventricular apex, and to the left ventricular posterior wall via a coronary si... |
3,804 | Mapping the organization of atrial fibrillation with basket catheters. Part I: Validation of a real-time algorithm. | The authors proposed a real-time algorithm to quantify AF organization from multielectrode basket catheter (MBC) recordings. The algorithm is based on a fast method to estimate the number of points along the baseline of a single bipolar electrogram (number of occurrences, NO). They have already proven this parameter to... |
3,805 | The prognostic significance of atrial arrhythmias recorded early after cardioversion for atrial fibrillation. | In a substantial number of patients, AF recurs after successful electrical cardioversion. The purpose of this study was to investigate if the atrial arrhythmias recorded immediately after cardioversion are associated with the risk of recurrence of the arrhythmia and to compare the prognostic significance of this parame... |
3,806 | Prospective evaluation of catheter ablation in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators and multiple inappropriate ICD therapies due to atrial fibrillation and type I atrial flutter. | The high incidence of inappropriate therapies due to drug refractory supraventricular tachycardia remains a major unsolved problem of the ICD. Most of the inappropriate therapies for supraventricular tachycardia are caused by AF and type I atrial flutter with rapid ventricular response. The purpose of this prospective ... |
3,807 | Fatal form of phaeochromocytoma presenting as acute pyelonephritis. | We report the case of a young man who presented with a clinical picture of acute pyelonephritis. Within 3 h of admission, the patient developed acute respiratory distress associated with tachycardia and shock, and he was transferred to the intensive care unit. Mechanical ventilation of the lungs and symptomatic treatme... |
3,808 | Spontaneous right ventricular outflow tract tachycardia in a patient with Brugada syndrome. | We report the case of a 28-year-old man with no structural heart disease, who exhibited clearly augmented ST segment elevation in the right precordial leads, followed by induction of spontaneous right ventricular outflow tract tachycardia with intravenous administration of Class IA antiarrhythmic drugs. The electrophys... |
3,809 | Electrocardiographic analysis of ectopic atrial activity obscured by ventricular repolarization: P wave isolation using an automatic 62-lead QRST subtraction algorithm. | Atrial activity on the surface ECG during premature beats and supraventricular arrhythmias frequently is obscured by the superimposed QRST complex of the previous cardiac cycle. This study examines the performance of a newly developed automatic QRST subtraction algorithm to isolate ectopic P waves from the preceding T-... |
3,810 | Repolarization abnormalities detected by magnetocardiography in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and ventricular arrhythmias. | Abnormal repolarization is one of the acknowledged mechanisms leading to malignant ventricular arrhythmias. We used a novel magnetocardiographic technique to investigate the role of inhomogeneous repolarization in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy prone to sustained ventricular arrhythmias.</AbstractText... |
3,811 | Endothelin system in human persistent and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. | Activation of the endothelin system is an important compensatory mechanism that is activated during left ventricular dysfunction. Whether this system plays a role at the atrial level during atrial fibrillation (AF) has not been examined in detail. The purpose of this study was to investigate mRNA and protein expression... |
3,812 | Initial clinical experience with a new arrhythmia detection algorithm in dual chamber implantable cardioverter defibrillators. | Inappropriate therapy, due to poor discrimination of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) from ventricular tachycardia (VT) remains a major problem in patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). Theoretically, the addition of atrial sensing in discrimination algorithms should improve this differentiati... |
3,813 | Dual-coil vs single-coil active pectoral implantable defibrillator lead systems: defibrillation energy requirements and probability of defibrillation success at multiples of the defibrillation energy requirements. | The aim of the study was to compare the defibrillation energy requirements and the probability of successful defibrillation at multiples of the minimum defibrillation energy requirements in active pectoral implantable defibrillators with single- and dual-coil lead systems.</AbstractText>Eighty-three consecutive patient... |
3,814 | Dobutamine stress echocardiography response of asymptomatic patients with diabetes. | This study investigated the role of dobutamine stress echocardiography for the silent diagnosis of myocardial ischemia in a diabetic population. Results from the stress test were compared between diabetic and nondiabetic groups.</AbstractText>Forty-nine diabetics and 63 consecutive nondiabetics underwent dobutamine str... |
3,815 | Perception and documentation of arrhythmias after successful radiofrequency catheter ablation of accessory pathways. | Some patients continue to have palpitations in spite of successful ablation of Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome. Recurrence of accessory pathways as well as unrelated arrhythmias may explain the symptoms.</AbstractText>We followed 194 consecutive patients after successful radiofrequency catheter ablation of overt (... |
3,816 | Predicting the recurrence of ventricular tachyarrhythmias from T-wave alternans assessed on antiarrhythmic pharmacotherapy: a prospective study in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. | Microvolt T-wave alternans (TWA) has been proposed as a useful index to identify patients at risk of ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Recent studies have demonstrated that antiarrhythmic drugs, such as amiodarone and procainamide, decrease the prevalence of TWA. In this study, we tested whether TWA in patients on antiarrh... |
3,817 | Qt dispersion and mortality in the elderly. | The prognostic value of QT interval dispersion measured from a standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) in the general population is not well established. The purpose of the present study was primarily to assess the value of QT interval dispersion obtained from 12-lead ECG in the prediction of total, cardiac, stroke, a... |
3,818 | Right heart catheterization and cardiac complications in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery: an observational study. | Right heart catheterization (RHC) is commonly performed before high-risk noncardiac surgery, but the benefit of this strategy remains unproven.</AbstractText>To evaluate the relationship between use of perioperative RHC and postoperative cardiac complication rates in patients undergoing major noncardiac surgery.</Abstr... |
3,819 | In-vivo testing of digital cellular telephones in patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators. | To investigate the susceptibility of implantable cardioverter defibrillators to electromagnetic interference generated by digital cellular telephones, functioning in both international transmission technologies: the Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) and the Digital Cellular System (DCS 1800).</AbstractText>I... |
3,820 | Elevations in antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone as possible causes of fluid retention in the Maze procedure. | Reduced levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) has been suggested as a cause of fluid retention after combined Maze and valvular surgery. This study aimed to assess hormonal activation in the perioperative setting of isolated Maze procedures.</AbstractText>Changes in ANP, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), antidiuret... |
3,821 | [Conduction disturbances and cardiac arrhythmias in myotonic dystrophy--diagnosis and clinical significance in adult populations]. | Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is the most frequent adult form of muscular dystrophy. The clinical presentation consists of both muscular and systemic involvement. One of the main causes of high mortality is sudden cardiac death due to tachyarrhythmias and conduction disturbances. The knowledge of cardiovascular complications... |
3,822 | Intravenous magnesium sulfate versus diltiazem in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. | Drugs currently available for the acute treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation have significant limitations. We assessed the safety and effectiveness of intravenous magnesium sulfate versus diltiazem therapy in patients with prolonged episodes of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.</AbstractText>In a prospective rando... |
3,823 | The relation between transmitral early filling wave deceleration time and the recovery of atrial contractility after electrical cardioversion of atrial fibrillation. | Electrical cardioversion of atrial fibrillation (AF) to sinus rhythm is associated with transient left atrial dysfunction and this phenomenon may lead to thrombus formation and embolic stroke. Delay of atrial mechanical function recovery may be related to ventricular diastolic function.</AbstractText>This study examine... |
3,824 | Alpha-linolenic acid and cardiovascular diseases. | The intake of saturated fat was postulated to be the main environmental factor for coronary heart disease. It was also postulated that the noxious effects of saturated fatty acids (FA) was primarily through the increase in serum cholesterol. Nevertheless intervention trials either in coronary patients or even in primar... |
3,825 | Efficacy of dofetilide in the treatment of atrial fibrillation-flutter in patients with reduced left ventricular function: a Danish investigations of arrhythmia and mortality on dofetilide (diamond) substudy. | In patients with left ventricular dysfunction, atrial fibrillation and flutter (AF and AFl, respectively) are common arrhythmias associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The present study investigated the potential of dofetilide in AF-AFl patients with left ventricular dysfunction to restore and maintain sinu... |
3,826 | Evaluation and treatment of other arrhythmic causes of syncope in children and adolescents with an apparently normal heart: Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and right ventricular cardiomyopathy. | Syncope could be a symptom of tachyarrhythmias related to the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, or the consequence of the ventricular tachycardias seen in patients with Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy. Syncope should be considered the consequence of atrial fibrillation or flutter, with rapid conduction ov... |
3,827 | PAI-I 4G/5G polymorphism and sudden cardiac death in patients with coronary artery disease. | The 4G/5G polymorphism of the plasminogen activator inhibitor type I (PAI-I) gene is involved in coronary artery disease (CAD), with the highest risk in 4G/4G homozygotes. The role of PAI-I polymorphism in patients suffering from CAD and history of sudden cardiac death (SCD) has not been addressed yet. We studied the f... |
3,828 | Assessment of LV systolic function in atrial fibrillation using an index of preceding cardiac cycles. | The clinical assessment of left ventricular (LV) systolic function during atrial fibrillation (AF) is unreliable and difficult because of beat-to-beat variability. We evaluated an index for the estimation of LV systolic function in AF that is based on the relationship between the preceding (R-R1) and prepreceding (R-R2... |
3,829 | Trends and outcomes in the hospitalization of older Americans for cardiac conduction disorders or arrhythmias, 1991-1998. | To identify epidemiological trends and measure outcomes in elderly patients hospitalized for cardiac conduction disorders or arrhythmias.</AbstractText>Review of the standard 5% samples of the Medicare Provider Analysis and Review Files to characterize 144,512 discharges from 1991 through 1998 in which the principal di... |
3,830 | Comparison of defibrillation thresholds using monodirectional electrical vector versus bidirectional electrical vector. | Currently, two main lead configurations are used for implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD). One generates a monodirectional electrical vector by using the can surface as an active part (hot can) together with a right ventricular defibrillation coil. The other one (TRIAD) produces a bidirectional electrical vect... |
3,831 | In patients with chronic atrial fibrillation and left ventricular systolic dysfunction, restoration of sinus rhythm confers substantial benefit. | To evaluate the benefit of sinus rhythm (SR) restoration in patients with chronic controlled atrial fibrillation (AF) and left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD).</AbstractText>Prospective case-control study on the short-term outcome (6 to 9 months) of clinical and echocardiographic variables following attempted c... |
3,832 | Progression to chronic atrial fibrillation after pacing: the Canadian Trial of Physiologic Pacing. CTOPP Investigators. | This study examined the effect of physiologic pacing on the development of chronic atrial fibrillation (CAF) in the Canadian Trial Of Physiologic Pacing (CTOPP).</AbstractText>The role of physiologic pacing to prevent CAF remains unclear. Small randomized studies have suggested a benefit for patients with sick sinus sy... |
3,833 | Transient left ventricular apical ballooning without coronary artery stenosis: a novel heart syndrome mimicking acute myocardial infarction. Angina Pectoris-Myocardial Infarction Investigations in Japan. | To determine the clinical features of a novel heart syndrome with transient left ventricular (LV) apical ballooning, but without coronary artery stenosis, that mimics acute myocardial infarction, we performed a multicenter retrospective enrollment study.</AbstractText>Only several case presentations have been reported ... |
3,834 | Public access defibrillation: a shocking idea? | Currently, survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in the United Kingdom is poor. Ambulance response standards require that an ambulance reach 75 per cent of cardiac arrests within 8 min. But a short time to defibrillation from the onset of collapse is a key predictor of outcome from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest... |
3,835 | Left ventricular relaxation abnormality is detectable by analysis of the relaxation time constant in patients with atrial fibrillation. | Left ventricular (LV) contractility is constantly changing during atrial fibrillation (AF), which is dependent on the force-interval relationships. However, no information has been available on LV relaxation in patients with both AF and impaired LV systolic function. LV pressure was measured with a catheter-tipped micr... |
3,836 | Reversible impairment of left and right ventricular systolic and diastolic function during short-lasting atrial fibrillation in patients with an implantable atrial defibrillator: a tissue Doppler imaging study. | AF with a fast ventricular response may cause ventricular mechanical impairment, though whether short-lasting AF with satisfactory rate control may affect ventricular function is unknown. This study investigated if prompt cardioversion by an implantable atrial defibrillator (IAD) may prevent left (LV) and right ventric... |
3,837 | Relation between paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and left ventricular diastolic function in patients with acute myocardial infarction. | The relation between left ventricular filling pattern and the occurrence of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation was evaluated using Doppler echocardiography in a prospective series of 157 patients with acute myocardial infarction. Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation after acute myocardial infarction was often associated with a h... |
3,838 | External biphasic defibrillators. Should you catch the wave? | Introduced about five years ago, external biphasic defibrillators have attracted a lot of attention. The biphasic waveforms they use have been shown in some studies to be more successful than standard monophasic waveforms in terminating ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia. But with this apparent step f... |
3,839 | Successful ventricular defibrillation by the selective sodium-hydrogen exchanger isoform-1 inhibitor cariporide. | Sodium-hydrogen exchanger isoform-1 (NHE-1) activation worsens functional myocardial abnormalities associated with ischemia and reperfusion. We hypothesize that these abnormalities may limit cardiac resuscitation from ventricular fibrillation (VF) and investigated whether NHE-1 inhibition with the benzoylguanidine deri... |
3,840 | Optical mapping of ventricular defibrillation in isolated swine right ventricles: demonstration of a postshock isoelectric window after near-threshold defibrillation shocks. | Investigators who studied ventricular defibrillation by use of optical mapping techniques failed to observe an initial defibrillation event (isoelectric window or quiescent period) shown by electrode mapping studies. This discrepancy has important implications for the mechanisms of defibrillation. The purpose of the pr... |
3,841 | [Ventricular arrhythmias induced by appropriate antibradycardia pacing in patients with implantable defibrillators]. | The induction of ventricular arrhythmias by appropriate antibradycardia ventricular pacing in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators has been reported in only a few cases. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence, characteristics and management of these episodes.</AbstractText>The follow-up reco... |
3,842 | [Prognosis of patients admitted to the coronary or intensive care unita after an out of hospital episode of sudden death]. | Out of hospital sudden death constitutes a major sanitary problem. Early diagnosis and treatment are considered as the most important factors related with short term prognosis. However, there is little information about the outcome of patients admitted to the hospital after a successful recovery from an episode of sudd... |
3,843 | Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Hong Kong. | To evaluate the effectiveness of the local emergency medical services system in resuscitation of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and identify areas for improvement.</AbstractText>This was a prospective descriptive study of adults with nontraumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest treated in the three accident & emerge... |
3,844 | The locations of nonresidential out-of-hospital cardiac arrests in the City of Pittsburgh over a three-year period: implications for automated external defibrillator placement. | To determine the locations of nonresidential out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) in the City of Pittsburgh and to determine whether there are "high-risk" locations that might benefit from placement of automated external defibrillators (AEDs).</AbstractText>This was a retrospective case review of paramedic calls for... |
3,845 | Cardiac arrest management. | Approximately 1,000 people in the United States suffer cardiac arrest each day, most often as a complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with accompanying ventricular fibrillation or unstable ventricular tachycardia. Increasing the number of patients who survive cardiac arrest and minimizing the clinical seque... |
3,846 | Inappropriate discharges from an intravenous implantable cardioverter defibrillator due to T-wave oversensing. | This report describes the clinical management of 2 patients with ventricular fibrillation (VF) who received inappropriate shocks from an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) due to T-wave oversensing. Cardiac sarcoidosis was confirmed as the underlying heart disease in 1 patient and idiopathic dilated cardiomyo... |
3,847 | The D allele of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene and reperfusion-induced ventricular arrhythmias in patients with acute myocardial infarction. | The renin-angiotensin system may play a pivotal role in reperfusion ventricular arrhythmias (RVA). The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism and RVA in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in a case-control study. Patients who h... |
3,848 | Atrial Flutter. | Atrial flutter (AFl) is an arrhythmia resulting from reentry in a macroreentrant circuit, most commonly in the right atrium. Typical AFl uses the narrow isthmus of right atrial tissue between the tricuspid valve annulus and the inferior vena cava orifice as part of the macroreentrant circuit. The treatment of AFl is di... |
3,849 | Atrial Fibrillation. | The conversion of atrial fibrillation (AF) to normal sinus rhythm should be attempted in patients who present with this condition, as long as the cure is not worse than the disease itself. In young patients with normal hearts, AF has a small impact on morbidity and mortality. The primary indication for conversion in th... |
3,850 | Ibutilide: efficacy and safety in atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter in a general cardiology practice. | Published experience with ibutilide (IB) in randomized clinical trials reveals that conversion to sinus rhythm (SR) occurs in 31% of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and in 63% of patients with atrial flutter.</AbstractText>The study was undertaken to test the efficacy and safety of IB in patients with AF and wit... |
3,851 | Torsades de pointes associated with chlorpromazine: case report and review of associated ventricular arrhythmias. | To present a case of chlorpromazine-associated torsades de pointes, review established cases of ventricular arrhythmias associated with chlorpromazine, and describe the proarrhythmic characteristics of this drug.</AbstractText>Articles identified through a search of MEDLINE and IDIS from January 1966-November 2000 and ... |
3,852 | Stroke after coronary artery bypass: incidence, predictors, and clinical outcome. | Early postoperative stroke is a serious adverse event after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This study sought to investigate risk factors, prevalence, and prognostic implications of postoperative stroke in patients undergoing CABG.</AbstractText>We investigated the predictors of postoperative stroke (n=333, 2%)... |
3,853 | Prospective evaluation of adenosine-induced proarrhythmia in the emergency room. | The arrhythmogenic hazard of adenosine treatment in an emergency room (ER) has not been established. Thus, in this study, we set out to prospectively determine the prevalence and clinical consequences of the arrhythmogenic effects associated with urgent adenosine treatment in the ER. One hundred and sixty consecutive p... |
3,854 | Ventricular fibrillation following inhalation of Glade Air Freshener. | Intentional hydrocarbon inhalation can be fatal. Death can be secondary to hydrocarbon's cardiopulmonary effects. We present a case of a patient who survived ventricular fibrillation after inhalation of Glade Air Freshener, which contains short chain aliphatic hydrocarbons (butane and isobutane). Unlike our case, myoca... |
3,855 | Conversion of atrial fibrillation into a sinus rhythm by coronary angioplasty in a patient with acute myocardial infarction. | Atrial tachyarrhythmias are important complications occurring in more than 8% of acute myocardial infarctions (AMI). Atrial fibrillation (AFi) during the early phase of AMI is caused by atrial ischaemia, atrial distension due to the left ventricular failure or significant diastolic left ventricular dysfunction. AFi in ... |
3,856 | Arginine vasopressin during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and vasodilatory shock: current experience and future perspectives. | Epinephrine use during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is controversial because of its receptor-mediated adverse effects such as increased myocardial oxygen consumption, ventricular arrhythmias, ventilation-perfusion defect, postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction, ventricular arrhythmias, and cardiac failure. In ... |
3,857 | Algorithms to analyze ventricular fibrillation signals. | Prediction of the success of defibrillation to avoid myocardial injury and performance feedback during CPR requires algorithms to analyze ventricular fibrillation signals. This report reviews investigations on different parameters of ventricular fibrillation electrocardiographic signals, including amplitude, frequency,... |
3,858 | Technologic advances and program initiatives in public access defibrillation using automated external defibrillators. | Widespread provision of early defibrillation following cardiac arrest holds major promise for improved survival from ventricular fibrillation. The critical element in predicting a successful outcome is the rapidity with which defibrillation is achieved. A worldwide awareness of this potential and its advocacy by such o... |
3,859 | Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (apical hypertrophy): an overview. | Clinical and laboratory data of apical hypertrophy were reviewed based on our experience of over 200 consecutive patients, of whom 126 patients were followed up by myself for more than 1 year (1 to 29 years). Emphasis was placed on various aspects of electrocardiography including the natural course and "wax and wane" p... |
3,860 | Natural history of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: Japanese experience. | Most patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) remain clinically stable for long periods of time, whereas some patients progress to severe systolic dysfunction. Therefore, the natural history of HCM is largely unknown.</AbstractText>The present study followed up 59 patients with HCM (32 males, 27 females, mean ag... |
3,861 | Quantification of left atrial appendage spontaneous echo contrast in patients with chronic nonalvular atrial fibrillation. | The left atrial (LA) appendage is the most common site of thrombus formation in patients with atrial fibrillation, and integrated backscatter allows the quantiative assessment of LA spontaneous echo contrast (SEC). Integrated backscatter was used to examine the significance of measuring appendage SEC, specifically in r... |
3,862 | Connective tissue skeleton in the normal left ventricle and in hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy and chronic chagasic myocarditis. | Pictures certainly are worth a thousand words in the case of the structure of the connective tissue skeleton of normal and diseased myocardium. This report reviews the connective tissue matrix of the normal human myocardial tissue and the pathological myocardial fibrosis in left ventricular hypertrophy due to chronic a... |
3,863 | Heart failure: update on treatment and prognosis. | HF is a prevalent and debilitating disease, affecting nearly 5 million patients and perhaps an equal number with asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction who are at high risk of atrial fibrillation developing. An estimated 550,000 new cases occur every year. HF is the most common diagnosis in hospitalized patients age... |
3,864 | Colorectal patients and cardiac arrhythmias detected on the surgical high dependency unit. | Surgical high dependency unit (SHDU) care is becoming an integral feature of colorectal surgical practice. Routine ECG monitoring is a feature of surgical care in this setting. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and outcome of cardiac arrhythmias detected in an SHDU population of colorectal patients.<... |
3,865 | Baseline factors predicting early resumption of driving after life-threatening arrhythmias in the Antiarrhythmics Versus Implantable Defibrillators (AVID) Trial. | In the Antiarrhythmics Versus Implantable Defibrillators (AVID) Trial, patients with ventricular fibrillation or hemodynamically unstable ventricular tachycardia were randomly assigned to receive either an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) or antiarrhythmic drug therapy. As part of the trial, patients were a... |
3,866 | Incidence and short-term prognosis of late sustained ventricular tachycardia after myocardial infarction: results of the Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto Miocardico (GISSI-3) Data Base. | There is little epidemiologic information from large multicenter databases on sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia occurring after the initial 48 hours of myocardial infarction.</AbstractText>We reassessed its incidence and short-term prognosis in 16,842 patients with a definite myocardial infarction enrolled ... |
3,867 | Magnolol reduces myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via neutrophil inhibition in rats. | The accumulation of oxygen-free radicals and activation of neutrophils are strongly implicated as important pathophysiological mechanisms mediating myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. It has been proven that various antioxidants have cardioprotective effects. Magnolol, an active component extracted from the Chinese... |
3,868 | Atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass graft surgery is unrelated to cardiac abnormalities detected by transesophageal echocardiography. | Atrial fibrillation is a common complication of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery that is associated with adverse patient outcomes. We evaluated whether preexisting abnormalities of cardiac structure or function detected with transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) are prevalent in patients later developing at... |
3,869 | Localized right ventricular morphological abnormalities detected by electron-beam computed tomography represent arrhythmogenic substrates in patients with the Brugada syndrome. | This study was designed to determine, using electron-beam CT, whether there are morphological abnormalities in patients with the Brugada syndrome and to elucidate the relationship between those abnormalities and arrhythmogenesis.</AbstractText>Twenty-six consecutive patients with the Brugada syndrome and 23 age- and ge... |
3,870 | Adenosine-induced ventricular fibrillation. | The use of adenosine has been suggested as a diagnostic tool in the evaluation of wide ORS complex tachycardia. However, adenosine shortens the antegrade refractoriness of accessory atrioventricular connections and may cause acceleration of the ventricular rate during atrial fibrillation. We observed ventricular fibril... |
3,871 | Valvular heart operation in patients with previous mediastinal radiation therapy. | The outcome of valvular heart operations in patients with previous mediastinal radiation therapy was studied.</AbstractText>This is a single center retrospective study of 60 patients (37 females, 23 males) with a mean age of 62 +/- 15 years (28 to 88 years old) operated on from January 1976 to December 1998. Valvular h... |
3,872 | An exceptional case of complete neurologic recovery after more than 5-h cardiac arrest. | We describe a case of more than 5 h cardiac arrest in a 60-year-old patient who underwent general anesthesia for a urologic operation. Before extubation, the patient suddenly developed ventricular fibrillation, pulseless ventricular tachycardia and asystole which was immediately treated by advanced life support (ALS) m... |
3,873 | Long-term mild hypothermia with extracorporeal lung and heart assist improves survival from prolonged cardiac arrest in dogs. | although normothermic extracorporeal lung and heart assist (ECLHA) improves cardiac outcomes, patients can not benefit from hypothermia-mediated brain protection. The present study evaluated the effects of long-term ECLHA with mild to moderate hypothermia (33 degrees C) in a canine model of prolonged cardiac arrest.</A... |
3,874 | Geographical distribution of cardiac arrest in Nottinghamshire. | to analyse the incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Nottinghamshire; to ascertain its geographical distribution; and to determine whether the geography of coronary heart disease mortality and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest are the same.</AbstractText>population based, retrospective study in the County of Nott... |
3,875 | Characteristics and outcome among patients suffering in-hospital cardiac arrest in monitored and non-monitored areas. | To describe the characteristics and outcome among patients suffering in-hospital cardiac arrest in relation to whether the arrest took place in a ward with monitoring facilities.</AbstractText>All patients who suffered an in-hospital cardiac arrest during a 4-year period in Sahlgrenska Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden a... |
3,876 | Factors associated with the occurrence of cardiac arrest during hospitalization for acute myocardial infarction in the second national registry of myocardial infarction in the US. | Cardiac arrest can occur as a complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). To date, few studies have described factors associated with cardiac arrest occurrence and survival during hospitalization for treatment of AMI. We used data from a large national registry of hospitalized AMI patients to identify these fact... |
3,877 | Evaluation of a hospital-wide resuscitation team: does it increase survival for in-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest? | To assess the impact (defined not only with regard to patient outcome but also to record keeping for evaluation of care) of a formal, structured resuscitation team for in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation over the year following its creation.</AbstractText>This is a "before and after" study in which charts of all ... |
3,878 | Comparison of the hemodynamic effects of milrinone with dobutamine in patients after cardiac surgery. | To compare the hemodynamic effects, efficacy, and safety of intravenous milrinone (M), 50 microg/kg during 10 minutes followed by 0.5 microg/kg/min, with intravenous dobutamine (D), 10 to 20 microg/kg/min, in patients with low cardiac output after cardiac surgery.</AbstractText>Randomized, open-label, multicenter study... |
3,879 | Transesophageal echocardiographic evaluation of native aortic valve area: utility of the double-envelope technique. | To assess the accuracy of aortic valve area (AVA) calculations using the continuity equation with data obtained from the double envelope (DE) (simultaneously obtained left ventricular outflow tract [V1]) and aortic valve [V2] velocities) during intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE).</AbstractText>Prospe... |
3,880 | Relationship between pacemaker dependency and the effect of pacing mode on cardiovascular outcomes. | A recently completed trial, the Canadian Trial of Physiological Pacing (CTOPP), showed that physiological pacing did not significantly reduce mortality, stroke, or heart failure hospitalization, but it did show that atrial fibrillation occurred less frequently in patients with physiological pacing. Many pacemaker patie... |
3,881 | Arrhythmogenesis in isolated rat hearts with enhanced alpha-adrenoceptor-mediated responsiveness. | 1. It has been postulated that stimulation of myocardial alpha-adrenoceptors is one of the primary mediators of the dysrhythmias which occur during periods of myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion. This study examines arrhythmogenesis during coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion in isolated perfused rat hearts from ... |
3,882 | Mechanical alternans in patients with chronic heart failure. | Clinical implications of mechanical alternans in patients with chronic heart failure have remained uncertain. In this study, prevalence, characteristics, and prognostic implications of mechanical alternans were investigated.</AbstractText>Consecutive 51 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy underwent diagnostic cardiac ... |
3,883 | Novel mechanism for Brugada syndrome: defective surface localization of an SCN5A mutant (R1432G). | The SCN5A gene encodes the alpha subunit of the human heart sodium channel (hH1), which plays a critical role in cardiac excitability. Mutations of SCN5A underlie Brugada syndrome, an inherited disorder that leads to ventricular fibrillation and sudden death. This study describes changes in cellular localization and fu... |
3,884 | Evaluation of the role of I(KACh) in atrial fibrillation using a mouse knockout model. | We sought to study the role of I(KACh) in atrial fibrillation (AF) and the potential electrophysiologic effects of a specific I(KACh) antagonist.</AbstractText>I(KACh) mediates much of the cardiac responses to vagal stimulation. Vagal stimulation predisposes to AF, but the specific role of I(KACh) in the generation of ... |
3,885 | Postmarketing reports of QT prolongation and ventricular arrhythmia in association with cisapride and Food and Drug Administration regulatory actions. | To describe the postmarketing safety data used in the risk assessment of cisapride and to summarize the regulatory actions of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).</AbstractText>The FDA analyzed reports of patients who developed QT prolongation, torsades de pointes, and ventricular arrhythmia in association with the ... |
3,886 | Caffeine-induced cardiac arrhythmia: an unrecognised danger of healthfood products. | We describe a 25-year-old woman with pre-existing mitral valve prolapse who developed intractable ventricular fibrillation after consuming a "natural energy" guarana health drink containing a high concentration of caffeine. This case highlights the need for adequate labelling and regulation of such products. |
3,887 | [The new international guidelines for cardipulmonary resuscitation: an analysis and comments on the most important changes]. | In August 2000, the American Heart Association and the European Resuscitation Council published the conclusions of the International Guidelines 2000 Conference on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care which contains both the new recommendations and an in-depth review. The discussions and draft... |
3,888 | A novel mechanism associated with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (IVF) mutations R1232W and T1620M in human cardiac sodium channels. | Two mutations associated with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (IVF) are localized within extracellular loops between segments DIIIS1-S2 (R1232W) and DIVS3-S4 (T1620M) of the human cardiac sodium channel (hNav1.5) alpha-subunit. We studied wild-type hNav1.5 channels and hNav1.5 channels with the R1232W/T1620M double... |
3,889 | Acute dyspnoea resulting from pulmonary oedema as the first sign of a phaeochromocytoma. | The day after undergoing neck dissection, a 42-year-old woman developed acute dyspnoea due to pulmonary oedema. Measurements with a Swan-Ganz catheter revealed not only cardiac depression but also a greatly increased peripheral vascular resistance: 5,400 dyn x s x cm(-5)/m2. A phaeochromocytoma with acute cardiac failu... |
3,890 | Five-year experience with implantation and follow-up of transvenous implantable cardioverter defibrillators: placing postimplant defibrillation threshold testing in perspective. | The rapid technological advancement in transvenous implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) has resulted in heterogeneous and often controversial approaches to follow-up procedures. The efficacy of postimplantation defibrillation threshold (DFT) testing with new-generation biphasic ICDs is unknown.</AbstractText>... |
3,891 | [Prevention of complications: a forgotten aspect of therapy? arrhythmia complication in heart failure]. | Heart failure has a high prevalence in the western world: 1-1.5% in the general population and 2-5% in patients above 65 years old. The association with cardiac dysarrhythmia is very common: 20-30% of patients have atrial fibrillation and significant ventricular arrhythmias occur in 50%. The pathophysiology of cardiac ... |
3,892 | Atrioventricular node modification in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation: role of morphology of RR interval variation. | This study evaluates the role of RR interval distribution pattern as an outcome predictor of radiofrequency (RF) modification of atrioventricular (AV) node in chronic atrial fibrillation (AF) and attempts to elucidate the likely mechanism of rate control.</AbstractText>Sixty-five patients with chronic AF underwent AV n... |
3,893 | Evolving indications for permanent pacemakers. | New indications for permanent cardiac pacing have been developed in recent years, with numerous studies demonstrating improved clinical outcomes in a variety of disorders. Because hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, heart failure, neurocardiogenic syncope, and atrial fibrillation are common... |
3,894 | Defibrillation and the geometry of the heart: a novel measurement with implications for defibrillation mechanisms. | We present a novel measurement for studying defibrillation mechanisms: the time course of changes in the size of the left ventricular (LV) cavity within 500 ms following defibrillation. Mechanical changes can be linked to electrical mechanisms via an understanding of excitation-contraction coupling. Eight mongrel dogs ... |
3,895 | Noise sensitivity of three surface ECG fibrillation detection algorithms. | The widening application of automatic external defibrillators (AEDs) presents very strong requirements for external electrocardiogram (ECG) signal analysis. Highly accurate detection of shockable rhythms is required, aimed to approach the maximum of 100% sensitivity and specificity. In a previous study the performance ... |
3,896 | Catheter ablation of a monofocal premature ventricular complex triggering idiopathic ventricular fibrillation. | A 62 year old man was admitted for evaluation of recurrent episodes of syncope. A surface ECG showed frequent repetitive premature ventricular complexes of right ventricular outflow tract origin. Ventricular fibrillation was inducible by programmed electrical stimulation but otherwise cardiac evaluation was unremarkabl... |
3,897 | Effect of levosimendan on myocardial contractility, coronary and peripheral blood flow, and arrhythmias during coronary artery ligation and reperfusion in the in vivo pig model. | To determine whether levosimendan, a calcium sensitiser that facilitates the activation of the contractile apparatus by calcium, improves myocardial contractile function during severe ischaemia and reperfusion without exacerbating the incidence of arrhythmias.</AbstractText>Pigs were pretreated orally twice daily for 1... |
3,898 | Patterns of wave break during ventricular fibrillation in isolated swine right ventricle. | Several different patterns of wave break have been described by mapping of the tissue surface during fibrillation. However, it is not clear whether these surface patterns are caused by multiple distinct mechanisms or by a single mechanism. To determine the mechanism by which wave breaks are generated during ventricular... |
3,899 | What niche will newer class III antiarrhythmic drugs occupy? | The decline in the use of sodium channel blockers has led to an expanding use of b-blockers and complex class III agents such as sotalol and amiodarone for controlling cardiac arrhythmias. Success with these agents in the context of their side effects has spurred the development of compounds with simpler ion channel-bl... |
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