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4,000 | Risk factors associated with new onset tachyarrhythmias after cardiac surgery--a retrospective analysis. | Tachyarrhythmias (TA) represent a frequent and serious problem after cardiac surgery. We retrospectively analyzed 987 cardiac surgery patients admitted to a surgical intensive care unit between 1996 and 1999 to assess incidence and risk factors associated with development of postoperative TA in the intensive care unit.... |
4,001 | Spiral waves in excitable media with negative restitution. | We study numerically the dynamics of spiral waves in an excitable medium with negative restitution. For our study we use two models of the excitable medium: a cellular automaton and a reaction-diffusion model. There are no significant effects of negative restitution as long as the slope of the restitution curve is less... |
4,002 | Implantation of cardioverter device in young children: the perirenal approach. | Placement of Implantable cardioverter devices in young children is complicated because of the relatively large size and heavy weight of these devices. A technique is described where the device is implanted in the left perirenal space while an endovascular lead is used instead of an epicardial patch electrode. |
4,003 | [Heart rupture during pre-discharge stress test after myocardial infarction]. | A 65-year-old man with a postero-lateral myocardial infarction, complicated by rapid atrial fibrillation was admitted to the Intensive Coronary Care Unit. He received thrombolytic treatment. Electrocardiography and laboratory analysis were suggestive of reperfusion; the rapid atrial fibrillation was converted to sinus ... |
4,004 | [Heart arrest]. | Cardiac arrest is one of the leading causes of mortality in industrialized countries and is mainly due to ischemic heart disease. According to ISTAT estimates, approximately 45,000 sudden deaths occur annually in Italy whereas according to the World Health Organization, its incidence is 1 per 1000 persons. The most com... |
4,005 | The efficacy of the Cox/maze procedure combined with mitral valve surgery: a matched control study. | To evaluate the results of the maze procedure combined with mitral valve (MV) surgery in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation (AF).</AbstractText>From 1994--1999, 47 patients with chronic AF underwent the maze procedure combined with MV surgery (maze group). They were compared to 47 patients matched for age, sex, ... |
4,006 | Psychosocial nursing therapy following sudden cardiac arrest: impact on two-year survival. | Although psychosocial therapy has been shown to reduce mortality after myocardial infarction, it is unknown whether the benefits of psychosocial therapy on mortality reduction extend to out-of-hospital sudden cardiac arrest, a main cause of cardiovascular mortality.</AbstractText>Describe efficacy of psychosocial thera... |
4,007 | Giant negative T waves during interferon therapy in a patient with chronic hepatitis C. | Interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) has been widely used for treatment of chronic hepatitis C in Japan. In general, cardiovascular adverse reactions are rare in association with IFN-alpha therapy. Here, a 64-year-old man with chronic active hepatitis C complained of fatigue, palpitation and depression, and developed atrial fi... |
4,008 | Validation of a clinical decision aid to discontinue in-hospital cardiac arrest resuscitations. | Most patients undergoing in-hospital cardiac resuscitation do not survive to hospital discharge. In a previous study, we developed a clinical decision aid for identifying all patients undergoing resuscitation who survived to hospital discharge.</AbstractText>To validate our previously derived clinical decision aid.</Ab... |
4,009 | Variability of the QRS signal in high-resolution electrocardiograms and magnetocardiograms. | The variability of electric and magnetic signals from the heart during the depolarization phase is investigated. A signal processing method is developed, which provides estimates for the beat-to-beat variability of the QRS-complex. The method is based on the decomposition of the depolarization signal into bandpass sign... |
4,010 | Beneficial effects of astringinin, a resveratrol analogue, on the ischemia and reperfusion damage in rat heart. | Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia and infarction. Antioxidants might then be beneficial in the prevention of these diseases. Astringinin (3,3',4',5-tetrahydroxystilbene), a resveratrol (3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene) analogue with considerably higher antioxidative activity ... |
4,011 | Comparison of the effects on drug concentrations, electrophysiologic parameters, and termination of atrial fibrillation in dogs when procainamide and ibutilide are delivered into the right atrium versus intravenously. | We tested the hypothesis that right intra-atrial (i.a.) administration of antiarrhythmic drugs resulted in higher peak serum drug concentrations, greater electrophysiologic effects, and greater efficacy for termination of atrial fibrillation (AF) than intravenous (i.v.) drug delivery.</AbstractText>Eight dogs were trea... |
4,012 | Breakthrough waves during ventricular fibrillation depend on the degree of rotational anisotropy and the boundary conditions: a simulation study. | The left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV) are characterized by specific fiber orientation known as "rotational anisotropy." However, it remains unclear whether the LV and RV are different with regard to the effect of rotational anisotropy on the dynamics of scroll waves during ventricular fibrillation (VF). To r... |
4,013 | Acute and long-term effects of atrioventricular junction ablation and VVIR pacemaker in symptomatic patients with chronic lone atrial fibrillation and normal ventricular response. | The precise role of irregular ventricular response in atrial fibrillation (AF) has not been fully elucidated. This study examined the independent effects of rhythm regularity in patients with chronic AF.</AbstractText>This study included 50 patients who had chronic lone AF and a normal ventricular rate. Among these pat... |
4,014 | Regulation of ventricular fibrillation by heme oxygenase in ischemic/reperfused hearts. | We have assessed the relationship between reperfusion-induced ventricular fibrillation (VF) and heme oxygenase (HO) mRNA expression using northern blotting, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and enzyme activity in isolated working ischemic/reperfused rat hearts. Isolated hearts were subjected to... |
4,015 | Long-term survival after ablation of the atrioventricular node and implantation of a permanent pacemaker in patients with atrial fibrillation. | In patients with atrial fibrillation that is refractory to drug therapy, radio-frequency ablation of the atrioventricular node and implantation of a permanent pacemaker are an alternative therapeutic approach. The effect of this procedure on long-term survival is unknown.</AbstractText>We studied all patients who under... |
4,016 | Assessment of left ventricular function by real-time 3-dimensional echocardiography compared with conventional noninvasive methods. | Quantitative assessment of left ventricular ejection fraction is an essential component of cardiac evaluation. We performed real-time 3-dimensional echocardiography in 56 consecutive patients who underwent multigated radionuclide angiography. Thirteen patients were excluded for the following reasons: 5 for large size o... |
4,017 | Can seizures be the only manifestation of transient ischemic attacks? A report of four cases. | Several studies have investigated the frequency of epileptic seizures following ischemic strokes and transient ischemic attacks (TIAs). Little attention has been paid to the possibility that seizures may be precipitated by TIAs. We examined if seizures can be the only symptom of a TIA and how often this might occur. We... |
4,018 | Should patients with hypertension receive antithrombotic therapy? | The main complications of hypertension, i.e. coronary heart disease, ischaemic strokes and peripheral vascular disease (PVD), are usually related to thrombosis. Increasing evidence also suggests that hypertension fulfils the components of Virchow's triad, thus conferring a prothrombotic or hypercoagulable state, as evi... |
4,019 | Limited response to cardiac arrest by police equipped with automated external defibrillators: lack of survival benefit in suburban and rural Indiana--the police as responder automated defibrillation evaluation (PARADE). | To assess the out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survival advantage after providing police with automated external defibrillators (AEDs) in rural and suburban Indiana.</AbstractText>An observational evaluation was conducted in six Indiana counties (population: 464,741) before (retrospective) and after (prospective) ... |
4,020 | [Ventricular fibrillation secondary to radiofrequency application in ventricular tachycardia ablation]. | Radiofrequency catheter ablation has become a first line therapy for several types of tachycardias because of its high efficacy and low complication rate. The development of proarrhythmic complications due to a direct effect of radiofrequency is very unusual. We describe a patient with previous myocardial infarction an... |
4,021 | The protective effects of high dose ascorbic acid and diltiazem on myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury. | In this study, we aimed to compare the myocardial protective effects of high dose ascorbic acid with the effects obtained by adding diltiazem to high dose ascorbic acid. We studied 30 elective cardiac surgery patients prospectively. In ascorbic acid group (group AA), ascorbic acid was given after induction and just bef... |
4,022 | Non-valvular atrial fibrillation and stroke prevention. National Blood Pressure Advisory Committee of the National Heart Foundation. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) affects 5% of people older than 65 years. Among patients with AF, the risk of stroke averages about 5% per year. The risk of stroke increases cumulatively with increasing age, previous transient ischaemic attack or stroke, hypertension, diabetes, impaired left ventricular function and a large l... |
4,023 | Clinical features of dilated cardiomyopathy in Great Danes and results of a pedigree analysis: 17 cases (1990-2000). | To determine clinical features of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in Great Danes and to determine whether DCM is familial in this breed.</AbstractText>Retrospective study.</AbstractText>17 Great Danes with DCM.</AbstractText>Medical records of Great Danes in which DCM was diagnosed on the basis of results of echocardiogra... |
4,024 | The newer unconventional indications of permanent pacemakers. | In recent years, the indications for permanent pacemakers have expanded. The interest has focussed on hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy and a new entity called hypertensive hypertrophy with cavity obliteration (HHCO). Pacemaker therapy is establishing itself for the prevention of atrial fibrillation. ... |
4,025 | [Ventricular pre-excitation: electrophysiopathology, criteria for interpretation and clinical diagnosis. References for geriatrics]. | The authors review the state-of-the-art on ventricular pre-excitation in medical and arrhythmological literature in order to facilitate the recognition of the various clinical forms, like classic and occult Wolff Parkinson withe syndrome and Lown Ganong Levine syndrome. A historical introduction reviews our electrophys... |
4,026 | [Atrial fibrillation and thromboembolic events prevention. State of the art]. | Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia and stroke is its most devasting complication. The rate of ischemic stroke among people with AF is approximately six times that of people without AF and varies importantely with coexistent cardiovascular diseases; therefore stratification of AF patients into those... |
4,027 | Ventricular fibrillation refractory to automatic internal cardiac defibrillator in Fabry's disease. Review of cardiovascular manifestations. | Fabry's disease is a disorder of glycosphingolipid metabolism leading to alpha-galactosidase deficiency with systemic sequelae. Clinical cardiac manifestations include dysrhythmias, structural abnormalities apparent on echocardiography, and histologic changes secondary to glycosphingolipid deposition. The introduction ... |
4,028 | Simultaneous sternothoracic cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a new method of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. | No existing device for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is designed to exploit both the "cardiac pump" and the "thoracic pump" effect simultaneously. The purpose of this study was to measure the haemodynamic effect of a new simultaneous sternothoracic cardiopulmonary resuscitation (SST-CPR) device that could compres... |
4,029 | Reducing CPR artefacts in ventricular fibrillation in vitro. | CPR creates artefacts on the ECG, and a pause in CPR is therefore mandatory during rhythm analysis. This hands-off interval is harmful to the already marginally circulated tissues during CPR, and if the artefacts could be removed by filtering, the rhythm could be analyzed during ongoing CPR. Fixed coefficient filters u... |
4,030 | "Probability of successful defibrillation" as a monitor during CPR in out-of-hospital cardiac arrested patients. | The frequency spectrum of the ECG in ventricular fibrillation (VF) correlates with myocardial perfusion and might predict defibrillation success defined as return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). The predictive power increases when more spectral variables are combined, but the complex information can be difficult to ... |
4,031 | Contribution of peroxynitrite to the beneficial effects of preconditioning on ischaemia-induced arrhythmias in rat isolated hearts. | We studied the effects of urate, a peroxynitrite scavenger, on ischaemia- and peroxynitrite-induced preconditioning in rat isolated hearts. Isolated hearts perfused with Krebs-Henseleit solution were preconditioned either by 3 min of coronary artery occlusion or by peroxynitrite administration (1 microM) for 3 min, fol... |
4,032 | Scaling exponent predicts defibrillation success for out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest. | -Defibrillator shocks often fail to terminate ventricular fibrillation (VF) in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OOHCA), and repeated failed shocks can worsen the subsequent response to therapy. Because the VF waveform changes with increasing duration of VF, it is possible that ECG analyses could estimate the preshock li... |
4,033 | The effects of positive end-expiratory pressure during active compression decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation with the inspiratory threshold valve. | The use of an inspiratory impedance threshold valve (ITV) during active compression-decompression (ACD) cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) improves perfusion pressures, and vital organ blood flow. We evaluated the effects of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on gas exchange, and coronary perfusion pressure gradi... |
4,034 | The effect of insulin cardioplegia on atrial fibrillation after high-risk coronary bypass surgery: a double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial. | Atrial fibrillation after coronary bypass (CABG) surgery is an important cause of morbidity and increased resource utilization. Insulin-enhanced cardioplegia may reduce postoperative arrhythmias by improving aerobic myocardial metabolism and mitigating the deleterious effects of ischemia. We performed a double-blinded,... |
4,035 | Current approaches to evaluation and management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias. | The clinical manifestations of ventricular arrhythmias encompass a broad spectrum, from complete absence of symptoms to sudden death. Although our understanding of the pathophysiology and natural history of these arrhythmias has advanced significantly over the past decade, large gaps in our knowledge remain, especially... |
4,036 | Sotalol vs metoprolol for ventricular rate control in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation who have undergone digitalization: a single-blinded crossover study. | To compare the effects of sotalol and metoprolol on heart rate, during isotonic (ITE) and isometric (IME) exercise and daily activities, in digitalized patients with chronic atrial fibrillation.</AbstractText>The study had a randomized, single-blinded, crossover design. Twenty-three patients with chronic atrial fibrill... |
4,037 | Inactivation of a ventricular tachycardia preventive algorithm during automatic mode switching for atrial tachyarrhythmia. | A patient with a dual chamber implantable defibrillator and pause dependent VT in whom a rate smoothing algorithm failed to operate during automatic mode switching due to device idiosyncrasy is reported. Preventive measures are discussed. |
4,038 | Unipolar defibrillator? | An unusual case of "unipolar" pacing and myopotential over-sensing leading to an inappropriate ICD shock in a patient with an implanted defibrillator is reported. The reasons for unipolar behavior in a system using a committed bipolar device are discussed. |
4,039 | Inappropriate shock therapy in a heart failure defibrillator. | A 63-year-old male with dilated cardiomyopathy underwent implantation of a "heart failure" defibrillator capable of biventricular pacing. He received an inappropriate shock 5 hours after the procedure. Stored electrograms revealed that during each sinus beat the ventricular channel recorded up to three separate events.... |
4,040 | Discrimination between ventricular and supraventricular tachycardia by dual chamber cardioverter defibrillators: importance of the atrial sensing function. | Although the addition of atrial sensing in dual chamber ICDs may improve the ability of the device to discriminate between supraventricular (SVT) and ventricular tachycardia (VT), atrial sensing errors may also negatively affect tachycardia classification. This prospective study evaluated the incidence of atrial sensin... |
4,041 | Thrombolysis and antithrombotic therapy for coronary artery disease. | Aspirin in a dose of 160 to 325 mg should be administered on day 1 of an acute MI and continued indefinitely on a daily basis. Thrombolytic therapy should be administered within 6 to 12 hours after the onset of an acute MI with ST segment elevation or with left bundle branch block. Primary coronary angioplasty when ava... |
4,042 | Antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation. | Atrial fibrillation is a common condition affecting elderly individuals; as many as 10% of people older than age 80 years have AF. AF is also a potent risk factor for ischemic stroke, raising the risk of stroke fivefold. A set of consistent randomized controlled trials has demonstrated that long-term anticoagulation ca... |
4,043 | Initial experience with an autocapture pacemaker system. | Autocapture management aims to extend pacemaker longevity without compromising on patient safety by automatically monitoring the pacing threshold and adjusting the pacemaker output for consistent capture. This paper describes our initial experience with the Pacesetter Regency pacemaker with autocapture management.</Abs... |
4,044 | Oral amiodarone for prevention of atrial fibrillation after open heart surgery, the Atrial Fibrillation Suppression Trial (AFIST): a randomised placebo-controlled trial. | Beta-blockers and amiodarone reduce the frequency of atrial fibrillation after open-heart surgery but the effectiveness of oral amiodarone in older patients already receiving beta-blockers is unknown. We have assessed the efficacy of oral amiodarone in preventing atrial fibrillation in patients aged 60 years or older u... |
4,045 | Radiofrequency ablation: a cure for tachyarrhythmias. | Radiofrequency (RF) ablation is a new modality of pennanently curing patients with various tachycardias using radiofrequency energy, a technique evolved in the past decade. RF ablation was performed on 913 patients with different tachyarrhythmias from April, 1994 to July, 1999. There were 491 men and 422 females aged 4... |
4,046 | Cellular and ionic mechanisms responsible for the Brugada syndrome. | The Brugada syndrome is characterized by ST-segment elevation in the right precordial leads, V1-V3 (unrelated to ischemia or structural disease), normal QT intervals, RBBB pattern, and sudden cardiac death, particularly in men of Asian origin. An autosomal dominant mode of inheritance with variable penetrance is genera... |
4,047 | Evidence of heterogeneous remodeling in canine atrial fibrillation. | Although electrophysiologic changes occur during atrial remodeling, little is known how remodeling affects atrial fibrillation (AF) organization. We hypothesized that, in animals with long-term rapid atrial rates and a rapid ventricular response, AF would be more disorganized than in animals with rapid atrial rates onl... |
4,048 | Genetics of brugada, long QT, and arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia syndromes. | This article outlines the up-to-date understanding of the molecular basis of primary ventricular arrhythmias. Two disorders have recently been well described at the molecular level, the long QT syndromes and Brugada syndrome, and this article reviews the current scientific knowledge of each disease. A third disorder, a... |
4,049 | Electrocardiographic features of inherited diseases that predispose to the development of cardiac arrhythmias, long QT syndrome, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia, and Brugada syndrome. | Analysis of the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) provides important diagnostic and prognostic information in the long QT syndrome. The clinical diagnosis of long QT syndrome is determined by the presence of a QTc > or = 0.44 sec. A normal QTc does not exclude a family member from being a genetic carrier. The ECG patt... |
4,050 | Predicting response to carvedilol for the treatment of heart failure: a multivariate retrospective analysis. | Carvedilol has been shown to decrease the progression of heart failure and improve left ventricular function and survival in patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) less than 35%. However, not all patients respond uniformly to this therapy. We proposed to identify variables that could, potentially, be... |
4,051 | Pause-dependent polymorphic ventricular tachycardia during long-term treatment with dofetilide: a placebo-controlled, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator-based evaluation. | To compare the incidence of pause-dependent polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (PVT) in patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) randomly assigned to the QT-prolonging antiarrhythmic dofetilide or placebo.</AbstractText>Drug-related torsade de pointes (TdP) is usually recognized within days of init... |
4,052 | Patients at lower risk of arrhythmia recurrence: a subgroup in whom implantable defibrillators may not offer benefit. Antiarrhythmics Versus Implantable Defibrillator (AVID) Trial Investigators. | The goal of this study was to identify subgroups of arrhythmia patients who do not benefit from use of the implantable cardiac defibrillator (ICD).</AbstractText>Treatment of serious ventricular arrhythmias has evolved toward more common use of the ICD. Since estimates of the cost per year of life saved by ICD therapy ... |
4,053 | Predictive value of systolic and diastolic function for incident congestive heart failure in the elderly: the cardiovascular health study. | We sought to assess the ability of echocardiographic indices of systolic and diastolic function to predict incident congestive heart failure (CHF).</AbstractText>Noninvasive indices of subclinical systolic and/or diastolic dysfunction that can be used to identify patients in a transition phase between normal cardiac fu... |
4,054 | Prognostic implications of right atrial ischemic dysfunction in patients with biventricular inferior infarction: transesophageal echocardiographic analysis. | In order to determine the effect of right atrial dysfunction on clinical outcome, six patients with inferior myocardial infarction with extension to right ventricle and right atrium involving only obstructions of the right coronary artery were examined with transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) at the time of the even... |
4,055 | ECG of the month. Shades of evil. Inferolateral myocardial infarction. | The tracings shown below, 12-lead ECG and rhythm strip (lead II), belong to a 74-year-old man, and were recorded on his eighth hospital day. On admission, he gave a history of a "heart attack" about 11 days earlier. |
4,056 | [The best in 2000 on heart stimulation]. | In the last twelve months many important articles have been published in the field of cardiac pacing. The authors analyse 5 of them in this review: the Canadian CTOPP, which compared dual and single chamber pacing in patients with a classical indication for pacing, and concluded that the results were identical in the t... |
4,057 | [The best in 2000 on echocardiography]. | The advances in Doppler echocardiography, like last year, concern the technology, the indications and the description of the natural history of cardiovascular diseases. The year 2000 will be remembered for the development of portable echocardiographs with two-dimensional and Doppler capabilities but without M mode, pul... |
4,058 | [The best in 2000 on arrhythmia]. | The two major problems of rhythmology in the year 2000 were mainly therapeutic: on the one hand, the treatment of atrial fibrillation and, on the other hand, the treatment of sudden arrhythmic death. These two subjects should not mask the fermentation of ideas, techniques, and diagnostic and therapeutic suggestions whi... |
4,059 | The nitroderivative of aspirin, NCX 4016, reduces infarct size caused by myocardial ischemia-reperfusion in the anesthetized rat. | NCX 4016, a nitro-ester of aspirin endowed with antithrombotic activity, appears to have clinical potential in treating cardiac complications related to coronary insufficiency. This compound has been shown to improve postischemic ventricular dysfunction and to reduce myocardial infarct size in the rabbit. The cardiopro... |
4,060 | Effects of diaspirin cross-linked hemoglobin (DCLHb) during and post-CPR in swine. | The purpose of the study was to test the hypothesis that diaspirin cross-linked hemoglobin (DCLHb) can produce improved resuscitation during cardiac arrest. DCLHb, a derivative of human hemoglobin, has previously been demonstrated to produce a vasopressor response that is associated with increased blood flow to vital o... |
4,061 | [A new dual-chamber defibrillation system: duration, frequency and circadian variation of recurrent supraventricular tachyarrhythmias]. | The treatment of concomitant atrial tachyarrhythmias in patients with malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias is a major challenge for new defibrillator devices. Atrial fibrillation is not only responsible for inappropriate ventricular therapies, but also reduced left ventricular performance, especially in patients with... |
4,062 | [Usefulness of a VDD defibrillation electrode in recording atrial electrograms during atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation]. | Monitoring of atrial signals improves the accuracy in identifying supraventricular tachyarrhythmias to prevent inappropriate therapies in patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD). Since complications due to the additional atrial lead were found in dual chamber ICD systems with 2 leads, we designed a ... |
4,063 | [Mode-switching algorithms: programming and usefulness]. | Automatic mode switching is defined as the ability of a pacemaker to reprogram itself from tracking to non-tracking mode in response to atrial tachyarrhythmias, and to regain tracking mode as soon as the tachyarrhythmia terminates. In contrast to upper rate behavior, mode switching does not only limit atrial tracking a... |
4,064 | Lidocaine and surgical modification reduces mortality in a rat model of cardiac failure induced by coronary artery ligation. | Coronary artery ligation in the rat provides a useful experimental model of cardiac failure; however, this procedure carries with it a high mortality rate (50%). In this study, we used lidocaine (10 mg/kg, i.m.) before coronary artery ligation and 2 h after surgery to minimise the incidence of ventricular fibrillation ... |
4,065 | Symptomatic atrial arrhythmias in hemodialysis patients. | <AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND/AIMS" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">Cardiac arrhythmias are frequent in hemodialysis patients and can interrupt treatment. However, the frequency and risk factors have remained unclear because previous reports of arrhythmias in dialysis patients have usually been continuous-monitoring studies ... |
4,066 | [How I treat...persistent atrial fibrillation, by internal cardioversion, in a patient with exreme obesity]. | An ethylic hypertensive patient with a BMI of 51.4 developed persistent atrial fibrillation with high ventricular rates. External electrical cardioversion was attempted, but failed in spite of high energy shocks (350 joules). Sinus rhythm was restored by internal cardioversion (12 joules). The value and indications of ... |
4,067 | Spontaneous conversion to sinus rhythm of recent (within 24 hours) atrial fibrillation. | The purpose of the study was to determine the likelihood of spontaneous conversion of recent onset (< 24 hr) paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (Af) to sinus rhythm and to define clinical and echocardiographic characteristics which may predict it.</AbstractText>One hundred fifty-three consecutive adult patients admitted... |
4,068 | Warfarin therapy for an octogenarian who has atrial fibrillation. | In North America, atrial fibrillation is associated with at least 75 000 ischemic strokes each year. Most of these strokes occur in patients older than 75 years of age. The high incidence of stroke in very elderly persons reflects the increasing prevalence of atrial fibrillation that occurs with advanced age, the high ... |
4,069 | The defibrillation system of basic emergency medical technicians in Japan: a comparison with other systems from a 14-year review of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest reports. | Although seven years have passed after basic emergency medical technician (EMT) defibrillation system was introduced in Japan, the overall survival for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) remains poor. We investigated factors leading to such an unanticipated result in Japan by comparing the data of OHCA in Japan with... |
4,070 | Bias of QT dispersion. | Prolonged QT dispersion (QTD) is associated with an increased risk of arrhythmic death but its accuracy varies substantially between otherwise similar studies. This study describes a new type of bias that can explain some of these differences.</AbstractText>One dataset (DiaSet) consisted of 356 subjects: 169 with diabe... |
4,071 | Relation of ventricular fibrillation threshold to heart rate during normal ventilation and hypoventilation in female Wistar rats: a chronophysiological study. | The aim of our study was to verify the relationship between heart rate (HR) and ventricular fibrillation threshold (VFT) during different types of ventilation in female Wistar rats from the circadian point of view. The experiments were performed under pentobarbital anesthesia (40 mg/kg i.p., adaptation to a light-dark ... |
4,072 | Prognostic value of an abnormal signal-averaged electrocardiogram in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. | The usefulness of an abnormal signal-averaged ECG (SAECG) for the risk stratification of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy was studied prospectively in 76 patients. Multiple analysis showed that an abnormal SAECG predicted cardiac mortality (p = 0.0046), sudden cardiac death, and the need for resuscitation (p = 0.00... |
4,073 | The distribution of refractory periods influences the dynamics of ventricular fibrillation. | The spatial and dynamic properties of ventricular fibrillation (VF) may be random or related to cellular electrical properties of the normal heart. Local activation intervals (AIs) in VF may depend on the local refractory period (RP), and sustained VF may require a steep action potential (AP) restitution curve. In guin... |
4,074 | Case report: adenosine induced ventricular fibrillation in a patient with stable ventricular tachycardia. | Adenosine is frequently used in emergency departments and intensive care units for the termination of narrow complex tachycardias. Recently its utility in terminating wide complex tachycardias has been reported in the literature. Adenosine is generally felt to be a safe medication even though its proarrhythmic effects ... |
4,075 | Effect of different location of atrial lead position on nearfield and farfield electrograms in dual chamber pacemaker-defibrillators. | The normal functioning of dual chamber pacemaker-cardioverter defibrillator (AV pacer/ICD) may be affected by oversensing of the farfield R wave (FFRW) by the atrial channel. This study aimed to investigate whether placement of the AV pacer/ICD's atrial lead at a lateral (LAT) wall location compared to a medial (MED) l... |
4,076 | Effects of simulated ischemia on spiral wave stability. | Regional hyperkalemia during acute myocardial ischemia is a major factor promoting electrophysiological abnormalities leading to ventricular fibrillation (VF). However, steep action potential duration restitution, recently proposed to be a major determinant of VF, is typically decreased rather than increased by hyperka... |
4,077 | Doppler echocardiography reliably predicts pulmonary artery wedge pressure in patients with chronic heart failure even when atrial fibrillation is present. | In patients with chronic congestive heart failure a high pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) is associated with poor prognosis, severe symptoms and low exercise tolerance. When atrial fibrillation is present the non-invasive prediction of PAWP by Doppler echocardiography is generally considered to be not reliable.</... |
4,078 | Improvement of defibrillation efficacy and quantification of activation patterns during ventricular fibrillation in a canine heart failure model. | Little is known about the effects of heart failure (HF) on the defibrillation threshold (DFT) and the characteristics of activation during ventricular fibrillation (VF).</AbstractText>HF was induced by rapid right ventricular (RV) pacing for at least 3 weeks in 6 dogs. Another 6 dogs served as controls. Catheter defibr... |
4,079 | Increased wave break during ventricular fibrillation in the epicardial border zone of hearts with healed myocardial infarction. | The action potential duration (APD) restitution hypothesis of wave break during ventricular fibrillation (VF) in the epicardial border zone (EBZ) of hearts with chronic myocardial infarction is unknown.</AbstractText>VF was induced by rapid pacing, and the EBZ with the two adjoining sites (right ventricle and lateral l... |
4,080 | Cost-effectiveness of the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator: results from the Canadian Implantable Defibrillator Study (CIDS). | In the Canadian Implantable Defibrillator Study (CIDS), we assessed the cost-effectiveness of the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) in reducing the risk of death in survivors of previous ventricular tachycardia (VT) or fibrillation (VF).</AbstractText>Healthcare resource use was collected prospectively on th... |
4,081 | Acute heart failure after allogeneic blood stem cell transplantation due to massive myocardial infiltration by cytotoxic T cells of donor origin. | A 17-year-old male with AML FAB M4 relapsed 4 months after myeloablative conditioning and peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) from an HLA-identical unrelated donor. A second PBSC harvest was infused 2 days after completion of cytoreductive therapy with mitoxantrone 7 mg/m(2)/day i.v. for 3 days (total do... |
4,082 | Restoration of normal ventricular electrophysiology in renovascular hypertensive rabbits after treatment with losartan. | Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is associated with abnormal ventricular electrophysiology. We have shown complete regression of LVH and normalization of ventricular electrophysiology in renovascular hypertensive rabbits treated with captopril. To determine if angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1) blockade produces th... |
4,083 | Does acute-phase beta blockade reduce left atrial appendage function in patients with chronic nonvalvular atrial fibrillation? | To investigate whether acute-phase beta-blocker therapy has a harmful effect on left atrial appendage (LAA) function in patients with chronic nonvalvular atrial fibrillation by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), we evaluated 21 patients with normal left ventricular systolic function and a poorly controlled ventric... |
4,084 | A placebo controlled evaluation of the antifibrillatory effects of carvedilol. | This article evaluates the antifibrillatory effects of carvedilol 5 mg/kg and vehicle (dimethyl-formamide) over time. Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized and intubated. They underwent baseline ventricular fibrillation threshold (VFT) determination and then received 1 of the 2 treatments (n = 10/group) over 8 minutes.... |
4,085 | Effects of implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation and shock application on biochemical markers of myocardial damage. | Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implantation is a common approach in patients at high risk of sudden cardiac death. To check for normal function, it is necessary to test the ICD. For this purpose, repetitive induction and termination of ventricular fibrillation by direct current shocks is required. This ma... |
4,086 | Does early repolarization in the athlete have analogies with the Brugada syndrome? | To re-examine the prevalence and presentation of early repolarization in athletes and to compare it with electrocardiographic abnormalities observed in patients with the Brugada syndrome.</AbstractText>Electrocardiograms of 155 male athletes and 50 sedentary controls were studied. Early repolarization was considered pr... |
4,087 | [Symptoms of primary endocardial fibroelastosis in a young adult]. | A 21-year-old woman with known endocardial fibroelastosis diagnosed when aged 3 months was admitted because of progressive dyspnoea. The physical examination revealed symptoms of heart failure, with pulmonary rales, mild hepatomegaly, and tachyarrhythmia.</AbstractText>The electrocardiogram showed atrial fibrillation, ... |
4,088 | [Study of combined anticoagulant (fluindione)-aspirin therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation at high risk for thromboembolic complications. A randomized trial (FFAACS)]. | A combination of low-dose aspirin (A) and anticoagulation (AC) may provide better protection against thromboembolic events compared with AC alone in high-risk patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).</AbstractText>We performed a multicentric placebo-controlled double blind-trial to test the preventive efficacy against t... |
4,089 | [Prophylactic value of automatic implantable defibrillators: a case report of a patient with asymptomatic Brugada syndrome]. | The authors report the case of an asymptomatic 32 year old man with no family history of sudden death but with ECG changes suggesting Brugada's syndrome. He underwent implantation of an automatic defibrillator after inducible syncope ventricular fibrillation had been demonstrated during electrophysiological investigati... |
4,090 | [Operative risk factors and polyvalvular cardiac surgery]. | The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for morbidity and mortality in cardiac valvular surgery. Two hundred and fifty-four patients underwent polyvalvular surgery between May 1996 and December 1998. The mean age was 36.8 years (range 4-66 years) and the group comprised 148 women. Two subgroups were defined:... |
4,091 | [Comparative incidence of protrusive atheromatous plaques of the thoracic artery in patients with atrial fluter and atrial fibrillation]. | Although it has been demonstrated recently that in patients with atrial fibrillation, protrusive atheromatous plaques of the thoracic aorta (thickness 4 mm) and left atrial abnormalities such as thrombosis, spontaneous contrast and low atrial blood flow velocities carry an additional embolic risk, this has not yet been... |
4,092 | Do current dual chamber cardioverter defibrillators have advantages over conventional single chamber cardioverter defibrillators in reducing inappropriate therapies? A randomized, prospective study. | Supraventricular tachyarrhythmias are the main cause of inappropriate therapies in patients with conventional single chamber implantable cardioverter defibrillators (VVI-ICD). It was anticipated that dual chamber cardioverter defibrillators (DDD-ICD), with their capacity to analyze atrial and ventricular rhythm, could ... |
4,093 | Sustained atrial arrhythmias in adults late after repair of tetralogy of fallot. | We determined the prevalence of sustained atrial tachyarrhythmia (AT) in adults late after repair of tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) and examined its impact on subsequent heart failure, reoperation, and mortality. Ventricular arrhythmias are associated with increased morbidity and mortality in patients with repair of ToF. Th... |
4,094 | Safety, feasibility, and diagnostic accuracy of accelerated high-dose dipyridamole stress echocardiography. | Protocols for dipyridamole stress testing have evolved in the last 16 years in the neverending quest of optimal diagnostic accuracy and user friendliness. Higher dipyridamole dose in a shorter infusion time provides higher sensitivity, but concern over safety is still controversial. An accelerated high-dose (0.84 mg/kg... |
4,095 | Antiarrhythmic effects of adenosine on ischemia-induced ventricular fibrillation. | The antiarrhythmic efficacy of adenosine during states of AV-nodal reentrant tachycardias is well known and clinically established. Adenosine is also able to reduce ventricular arrhythmias when applied before coronary ligation in rats. Hypoxia or ischemia leads to an increased production of adenosine by cardiac myocyte... |
4,096 | Mortality after coronary artery occlusion in different models of cardiac hypertrophy in rats. | Chronic treatment with minoxidil induces cardiac trophic and sympathetic responses, which may increase the propensity for lethal arrhythmias. To test this hypothesis, acute coronary artery occlusion was performed in conscious normotensive rats treated for 2 or 5 weeks with minoxidil with the use of a 2-stage approach t... |
4,097 | Transvenous low energy internal cardioversion for atrial fibrillation: a review of clinical applications and future developments. | Low energy internal atrial cardioversion can be performed by delivering biphasic shocks between transvenous catheters positioned within the cardiac chambers or great vessels. Delivery of shocks results in effective cardioversion at energies < 6-10 J and the procedure can be effective even when external cardioversion... |
4,098 | Prospective randomized comparison of 50%/50% versus 65%/65% tilt biphasic waveform on defibrillation in humans. | It is unknown if there is a single optimal biphasic waveform for defibrillation. Biphasic waveform tilt may be an important determinant of defibrillation efficacy. The purpose of this study was to compare acute defibrillation success with a three-electrode configuration in humans using 50%/50% versus 65%/65% tilt trunc... |
4,099 | Paroxysmal tachycardia in children and teenagers with normal sinus rhythm and without heart disease. | The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of esophageal programmed stimulation in children and teenagers with normal sinus rhythm ECG and normal noninvasive studies, having palpitations and syncope, and no documented tachycardias. Paroxysmal tachycardias are frequent in children and are often related to acces... |
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