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4,100 | Torsades de pointes ventricular tachycardia induced by mosapride and flecainide in the presence of hypokalemia. | We report a 68-year-old man who developed torsades de pointes ventricular tachycardia induced by combined use of mosapride and flecainide. He had a permanent pacemaker (DDD mode) implanted because of sick sinus syndrome (bradytachy syndrome) 6 years earlier. The patient had started taking mosapride for upper abdominal ... |
4,101 | [Determinants of survival after implantation of an automatic defibrillator. Report of 127 patients]. | The authors present a retrospective and longitudinal study of the predictive factors of mortality in patients having an implanted automatic defibrillator. The population comprised 127 patients implanted between September 1988 and September 1997. There were 107 men with a mean age of 57.7 +/- 13 years. The left ventricu... |
4,102 | Is electrical storm in ICD patients the sign of a dying heart? Outcome of patients with clusters of ventricular tachyarrhythmias. | Electrical storm in patients with implanted cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) is purported to carry an ominous prognosis.</AbstractText>We retrospectively compared 40 patients with electrical storm (defined as three or more episodes of ventricular arrhythmia requiring ICD therapy in a 24 h period) with those only havi... |
4,103 | Effects of intravenous amiodarone on ventricular refractoriness, intraventricular conduction, and ventricular tachycardia induction. | Intravenous amiodarone has recently emerged as an important drug for the acute treatment of ventricular tachyarrhythmias. However, electrophysiological actions and the efficacy of the drug in the suppression of ventricular tachycardia inducibility have not yet been fully established. The present study was designed to a... |
4,104 | Detection of ventricular fibrillation in implantable defibrillators with automatic gain control amplifiers: effects of programming sensitivity. | In newer implantable cardioverter-defibrillators with automatic gain control amplifiers the maximum possible sensitivity is programmed with the aim of securing optimal detection of ventricular fibrillation. This study was designed to prove that a reduction in maximum sensitivity is safe with respect to appropriate sens... |
4,105 | Fractally coated defibrillation electrodes: is an improvement in defibrillation threshold possible? | In patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD), the goals of lowering the defibrillation threshold (DFT) can be achieved by means of higher defibrillation safety margins, more rapid charging of capacitors, improved battery longevity, implying smaller devices. Whether an increase in the electrically acti... |
4,106 | Pregnancy with an ICD and a documented ICD discharge. | We report a successful pregnancy in a patient affected by idiopathic ventricular fibrillation 3 years after insertion of an ICD, with a documented defibrillator discharge. |
4,107 | Comparison of QT dispersion during atrial fibrillation and sinus rhythm in the same patients, at normal and prolonged ventricular repolarization. | Drug-induced increase in QT dispersion has been associated with increased risk of ventricular proarrhythmia. The aim of the present study was to compare QT dispersion during atrial fibrillation and sinus rhythm in the same patients at normal and prolonged ventricular repolarization.</AbstractText>Sixty-one patients who... |
4,108 | Maintenance of sinus rhythm as a therapy goal. | Despite recent advances in our understanding of the mechanisms and consequences of atrial fibrillation, appropriate management of this common condition presents something of a dilemma. Control of ventricular rate alone is a common strategy, considered by many physicians to be the safest treatment option and a relativel... |
4,109 | [Interatrial electromechanic resynchronization by dual atrial pacing in the prevention of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation --report of a case]. | We presented the case of a 78 year old woman who five years ago underwent myectomic surgery, and aortic valvular replacement, for obstructive cardiomyopathy and valvular aortic stenosis. After surgery, the aortic transvalvular gradient was insignificant (20 mm/Hg). In spite of this she suffers from frequent AF crises, ... |
4,110 | Mitral annulus calcification--a window to diffuse atherosclerosis of the vascular system. | Mitral annulus calcification (MAC) is a chronic, non-inflammatory, degenerative process of the fibrous support structure of the mitral valve. It occurs more often in women and the elderly. MAC is associated with known atherosclerotic risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. It is a... |
4,111 | [Dilated cardiomyopathy and panuveitis as presenting symptoms of Lyme disease. General review of one case]. | The clinical expression of Lyme disease is highly variable. If a patient presents clinical findings consistent with a systemic Lyme borreliosis, this disease must be considered in an endemic area because of its favorable outcome with adequate treatment.</AbstractText>The authors report and discuss the case of a patient... |
4,112 | Impact directly over the cardiac silhouette is necessary to produce ventricular fibrillation in an experimental model of commotio cordis. | In an experimental model of sudden death from chest wall impact (commotio cordis), we sought to define the chest wall areas important in the initiation of ventricular fibrillation (VF).</AbstractText>Sudden death can result from an innocent chest blow by a baseball or other projectile. Observations in humans suggest th... |
4,113 | Coronary artery revascularization in patients with sustained ventricular arrhythmias in the chronic phase of a myocardial infarction: effects on the electrophysiologic substrate and outcome. | The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of coronary artery revascularization in patients with ventricular arrhythmias.</AbstractText>Coronary artery revascularization is an effective treatment for myocardial ischemia; however, its effect on ventricular arrhythmias not related to an acute ischemic event... |
4,114 | Epidemiology and natural history of atrial fibrillation: clinical implications. | With a substantial impact on morbidity and mortality, the growing "epidemic" of atrial fibrillation (AF) intersects with a number of conditions, including aging, thromboembolism, hemorrhage, hypertension and left ventricular dysfunction. Currently, the epidemiology and natural history of AF govern all aspects of its cl... |
4,115 | Effects of sustained low-flow ischemia and reperfusion on Ca2+ transients and contractility in perfused rat hearts. | We investigated changes in cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and in left ventricular contractility during sustained ischemia and reperfusion in isolated beating rat hearts. Hearts from male Sprague-Dawley rats were perfused retrogradely and were loaded with 4 microM fura-2. Low-flow global ischemia was induced b... |
4,116 | Risk stratification for sudden cardiac death in dilated cardiomyopathy using microvolt-level T-wave alternans. | Predicting sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is difficult, so the present study evaluated the efficacy of microvolt-level T-wave alternans (TWA) and compared it with conventional parameters for prospective risk stratification of SCD in patients with DCM. Eighty-two patients with D... |
4,117 | Choice of venous cannulation for bypass during repair of traumatic rupture of the aorta. | Choices for venous cannulation for left heart bypass, to assist repair of traumatic rupture of the thoracic aorta, are between the left atrial appendage and pulmonary veins.</AbstractText>A retrospective chart review was performed of patients who underwent operative repair of ruptured aorta.</AbstractText>Over a 15-yea... |
4,118 | Ischemia-induced ventricular fibrillation in isolated perfused rat heart: role of alpha1A-adrenoceptor mediated activation of protein kinase C. | It previously has been reported in ischemic rat hearts that local release of noradrenaline triggers ventricular fibrillation via alpha1A-adrenoceptor stimulation. In order to elucidate the intracellular pathway mediating ventricular fibrillation in this setting, we used inhibitors or activators of protein kinase C in t... |
4,119 | Effect of long-term application of Crataegus oxyacantha on ischemia and reperfusion induced arrhythmias in rats. | The effect of long-term application of Crataegus oxyacantha on ischemia and reperfusion induced arrhythmias was investigated in Wistar rats on the heart in situ and on Langendorff preparations. Seventeen rats were fed for 8 weeks with 0.5 g/kg b.w. Crataegus extract per day, standardised to 2.2% flavonoids. Twenty age-... |
4,120 | [A case of rhabdomyolysis after open heart surgery in a child]. | Rabdomyolysis usually occurs after trauma and release of myoglobin from the damaged muscle, i.e.; after ishchemic myopathy due to arterial occlusion or malignant hyperthermia. We encountered a pediatric case of rhabdomyolysis after Ross-Konnos' operation in an 8-yr-old girl with aortic regurgitation. After the first we... |
4,121 | [Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia]. | Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD), disease of uncertain etiology, is characterized by fibrofatty collections in the right ventricular myocardium, premature ventricular complexes with left bundle branch block (LBBB) morphology, ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation.</AbstractText>To point out diagnost... |
4,122 | [Echocardiography and sonography of the carotid arteries in diabetics with cerebrovascular stroke]. | The incidence of cerebrovascular attacks (CVA) in diabetics is 2-3 times higher as compared with the non-diabetic population. The objective of the present work was to evaluate etiological factors by means of echocardiography and sonography of the carotid arteries. The authors evaluated retrospectively findings of these... |
4,123 | Arterial hypertension and cardiac arrhythmias. | PURPOSE AND DATA IDENTIFICATION: One of the main clinical problems of patients with arterial hypertension is the presence of arrhythmias, especially if left ventricular hypertrophy exists. Recent results from our group and all data available via Med-Line-search have been analysed. The analysis was focused on atrial and... |
4,124 | [Anesthesia for a patient with cardiac sarcoidosis]. | Anesthesia for a 49-year-old man with cardiac sarcoidosis is reported. Preoperative cardiac examination showed left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction = 27%) and myocardial conduction defects. In addition, his previous history included atrial fibrillation and cerebral infarction. Transesophageal echocardiograph... |
4,125 | The feasibility of a porcine model of acute coronary occlusion and reperfusion using off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. | We developed an open-chest porcine model of acute coronary occlusion and surgical reperfusion, and attempted to prevent intra-operative ischaemic ventricular fibrillation (VF) by a Retrograde Intracoronary Glyceryl trinitrate (RIG) infusion into the occluded vessel. Five Yorkshire pigs (weight 50 +/- 1.1 kg), randomize... |
4,126 | Ventricular preexcitation in children and young adults: atrial myocarditis as a possible trigger of sudden death. | Sudden death (SD) in ventricular preexcitation (VP) syndrome is believed to be the result of atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response over the accessory pathway. Previous reports are anecdotal and often lack autopsy validation.</AbstractText>Prevalence and clinicopathological features of VP were investigated... |
4,127 | Chemical cardioversion of atrial fibrillation or flutter with ibutilide in patients receiving amiodarone therapy. | Ibutilide is a class III drug that is used for the cardioversion of atrial arrhythmias, but it can cause torsade de pointes. Amiodarone also prolongs the QT interval but rarely causes torsade de pointes. There are no studies in which the concomitant use of the 2 agents was examined. The purpose of the present study was... |
4,128 | Effectiveness of high resolution ECG spectral analysis in discrimination of patients prone to ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. | To improve the diagnostic power of high resolution electrocardiography for discriminating patients at risk of ventricular arrhythmias, new methods based on spectral analysis have been used in recent years. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of these methods for predicting the risk of ventricula... |
4,129 | Diagnosis and long-term follow-up of the Brugada syndrome in patients with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation. | Some patients with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation may suffer from the Brugada syndrome. The diagnostic criteria for the Brugada syndrome are uncertain and arbitrarily set. Therefore, we studied the prevalence of the Brugada syndrome using various diagnostic criteria and long-term follow-up in 37 idiopathic ventric... |
4,130 | Possible role of nitric oxide and mast cells in endotoxin-induced cardioprotection. | The present study is designed to investigate the role of nitric oxide (NO) and cardiac mast cells in the cardioprotective effect of endotoxin in isolated rat heart subjected to 30 min of global ischaemia and 30 min of reperfusion. Endotoxin (2.5 mg kg(-1); i.p.) was administered 8 h before subjecting the heart to globa... |
4,131 | O-[2-hydroxy-3-(dialkylamino)propyl]ethers of (+)-1,7,7-trimethyl bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one oxime (camphor oxime) with analgesic and antiarrhythmic activities. | A novel series of O-[2-hydroxy-3-(dialkylamino)propyl]ethers of (+)-camphor oxime was prepared and tested for its cardiovascular, analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. No significant anti-inflammatory and hypotensive activities were displayed by any of the compounds, whereas several of them are reasonably active ... |
4,132 | [Multiple organ failure following inhalation of butane gas: a case report]. | Most cases of acute poisoning by butane and other volatile compounds occur in young people as a consequence of substance abuse by inhalation. Clinical symptoms are caused by asphyxia and mainly affect the cardiovascular, respiratory and central nervous system. There are also reported deaths from intoxication of butane ... |
4,133 | Pacing during ventricular fibrillation: factors influencing the ability to capture. | Recent studies showed that pacing atrial and ventricular fibrillation (VF) is possible. The studies presented here determined which parameters influence the efficacy of a pacing train to capture fibrillating ventricular myocardium. Electrode type, current strength, order of pacing trains, polarity, and VF morphology pr... |
4,134 | Role of structural complexities of septal tissue in maintaining ventricular fibrillation in isolated, perfused canine ventricle. | It is unclear how the patterns of wavelet propagation during ventricular fibrillation (VF) vary between structurally different tissues. We hypothesized that the structural complexities of septal tissue influence the maintenance of reentrant wavelets in the ventricle.</AbstractText>Endocardial activation patterns during... |
4,135 | Differential modulation of electrocardiographic indices of ventricular repolarization dispersion depending on the site of pacing during premature stimulation. | Dispersion of ventricular repolarization has been shown to increase with premature stimulation. Moreover, a straight correlation between the amount of dispersion of repolarization and the vulnerability to ventricular fibrillation was reported. On the other hand, differences between right ventricular (RV) and left ventr... |
4,136 | Relatively benign clinical course in asymptomatic patients with brugada-type electrocardiogram without family history of sudden death. | The incidence of sudden death or ventricular fibrillation (VF) in asymptomatic Brugada syndrome patients with a family history of sudden death is reported to be very high. However, there are few reports on the prognosis of asymptomatic Brugada syndrome patients without a family history of sudden death.</AbstractText>El... |
4,137 | Vasospastic angina accompanied by Brugada-type electrocardiographic abnormalities. | Brugada Syndrome and Vasospastic Angina. We present two patients with vasospastic angina and Brugada-type ECG abnormalities. The first patient complained of chest pain, and transient ST segment elevation was confirmed on ECG. Coronary angiogram showed no organic stenosis. The second patient had syncopal episodes follow... |
4,138 | [Left atrial myxoma. Clinical and surgical features in 26 surgically treated cases]. | Left atrial myxomas are the most common benign intracardiac tumors. The aim of this study was to compare our experience with the data reported in the literature.</AbstractText>Between May 1985 and August 1999, 26 patients (8 males, 18 females) with left atrial myxomas underwent surgical resection of these tumors at the... |
4,139 | [Long-term clinical assessment of single-lead VDD electric stimulation]. | During the last decade single lead VDD pacing has been progressively affirmed as an electrotherapy of choice in patients with advanced atrioventricular block without alterations of the sinus function. It combines the benefits of P-synchronous ventricular pacing with an easy implant procedure when compared to the conven... |
4,140 | [3-year-survival and quality of life after out-of-hospital heart arrest]. | Although the long- and short-term aspects of the outcome of advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation on patients have been studied to evaluate the percentage of survival up to the moment of discharge from hospital, little information has been published concerning the patients' long-term quality of life. In order to verif... |
4,141 | [Effect of the sympathetic nervous system activation on the antifibrillatory efficacy of various anti-arrhythmia agents]. | Experiments with a 7-min occlusion followed by reperfusion of the left coronary artery in narcotized rats showed that antiarrhythmic drugs of various classes--ethacizin (class I), AL-275 (class III), and CM-345 (class V)--produce pronounced antifibrillatory and antiarrhythmic effects. AL-275 and CM-345, in contrast to ... |
4,142 | A comparative study on the behavior of three different automatic mode switching dual chamber pacemakers to intracardiac recordings of clinical atrial fibrillation. | Automatic mode switching (AMS) allows patients with dual chamber pacemakers who develop paroxysmal AF to have a controlled ventricular rate. The aim of this study was to (1) compare the rate-controlled behavior of three AMS algorithms in response to AF, in terms of speed and stability of response and resynchronization ... |
4,143 | [Mechanism of induction and termination of ventricular fibrillation--significance of dispersion of ventricular repolarization]. | It has been known for many years that ventricular fibrillation may be induced and terminated by electrical field stimuli. Recent experimental studies have shown that both fibrillation and defibrillation have a common electrophysiologic mechanism that is based on the interaction between the electrical field stimulus and... |
4,144 | [Effects of cilostazol in patients with bradycardiac atrial fibrillation]. | Cilostazol, an antithrombotic agent, directly and indirectly increases the heart rate. This study investigated whether cilostazol increases the heart rate, and whether it has chronotropic effects on cardiac failure in patients with bradycardiac atrial fibrillation.</AbstractText>Twelve patients (6 males and 6 females) ... |
4,145 | Arrhythmias in acute pericarditis. An endomyocardial biopsy study. | It is still controversial whether the arrhythmias in acute pericarditis are of myocardial or pericardial origin. The aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence of arrhythmias and conduction disorders in patients with acute pericarditis with no endomyocardial biopsy evidence of myocarditis (group 1: 40 p... |
4,146 | [Acute ethanol and drug poisoning in alcohol abusers]. | In the period from 1997 to 1999 one hundred twenty one alcohol abusers were admitted to the clinic with acute ethanol and drug poisoning, including 95 men and 26 women from 18 to 69 (mean 36) years old. Fifty eight persons were poisoned by ethanol, in remaining 63 cases intoxications were mixed e.g. including benzodiaz... |
4,147 | [Aortic root replacement after operation for the ascending aorta and/or aortic valve]. | We reviewed ten cases who underwent aortic root replacement after operation for the ascending aorta and/or aortic valve. As initial operation, aortic valve replacement (AVR) was performed in five patients, replacement of the ascending aorta in two, original Bentall operation in two, and entry closure and suspension of ... |
4,148 | Termination of spiral waves with biphasic shocks: role of virtual electrode polarization. | This simulation study seeks to extend the virtual electrode polarization (VEP) theory for defibrillation to explain the success and failure of biphasic shocks. The goals of the study are to (1) provide insight into why optimal biphasic shocks have a lower voltage defibrillation threshold than monophasic shocks, (2) exa... |
4,149 | Profibrillatory effects of verapamil but not of digoxin in the goat model of atrial fibrillation. | Verapamil and digoxin have been shown to modulate tachycardia-induced atrial electrical remodeling. The goal of the present study was to determine the direct effects of verapamil and digoxin on atrial fibrillation (AF), before and after electrical remodeling.</AbstractText>In six goats we measured the AF cycle length (... |
4,150 | Fibrillation is more complex in the left ventricle than in the right ventricle. | The mechanisms that maintain ventricular fibrillation (VF) are not completely understood. It has been proposed that increased ventricular wall thickness destabilizes VF wavefronts and therefore is an important determinant of VF activation patterns. We hypothesized that if this is the case, then VF patterns on the thin-... |
4,151 | Is all ventricular fibrillation the same? Influence of mode of induction on characteristics of ventricular fibrillation. | Little information is available on the relationship between the mode of induction of ventricular fibrillation (VF) to VF characteristics.</AbstractText>VF was induced from the anterior left ventricle by programmed electrical stimulation, burst pacing, alternating current (AC), high current S2 at a site remote from S1, ... |
4,152 | Continuous telemetry from a chronic canine model of sudden cardiac death. | We sought to develop a continuously telemetered animal model of sudden cardiac death (SCD) to study the role of existing infarcts and acute ischemia in fatal arrhythmias.</AbstractText>A telemetry system capable of recording eight channels of electrophysiologic data continuously and chronically has been developed. To d... |
4,153 | Effect of sodium channel blockers on ST segment, QRS duration, and corrected QT interval in patients with Brugada syndrome. | Brugada syndrome is characterized by an ST segment elevation in leads V1-V3 and a high incidence of ventricular fibrillation (VF). A mutation in a cardiac Na+ channel gene, SCN5A, has been linked to Brugada syndrome, and sodium channel blockers have been shown to be effective in unmasking the syndrome when concealed. T... |
4,154 | Influence of extracellular potassium on the antiarrhythmic effect of global preconditioning in isolated perfused rat hearts. | The objective of this study was to investigate if a variation in extracellular-K+ concentrations alters the effects of global pre-conditioning on ischemia-induced arrhythmias. Rat hearts were Langendorff-perfused with Krebs-Henseleit solution and randomised in 8 groups (n = 12/group): four control groups (K+: 2, 4, 6, ... |
4,155 | Protein kinase C is involved in cardioprotective effects of ischemic preconditioning on infarct size and ventricular arrhythmia in rats in vivo. | Protein kinase C (PKC) has been known to play an important role in ischemic preconditioning (IP). This study was designed to examine whether the translocation of PKC is associated with the cardioprotective effects of IP in vivo on infarct size and ventricular arrhythmias in a rat model. Using anesthetized rats, heart r... |
4,156 | Influence of age on left atrial appendage function in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. | Age is an independent risk factor for thromboembolism in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). An association between low left atrial appendage (LAA) Doppler velocities and thromboembolic risk in NVAF has been reported.</AbstractText>The study was undertaken to identify age-related differences in LAA function that ma... |
4,157 | Prevention of recurrent ventricular fibrillation by ventricular rate stabilization. | This report describes a post-infarct patient with recurrent ventricular fibrillation in the absence of acute ischaemia, in whom arrhythmia recurrences could be prevented by ventricular rate stabilization of a third-generation cardioverter defibrillator. Review of the literature and clinical implications are discussed. |
4,158 | Ventricular fibrillation induced by rapid atrial rates in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. | To describe the mechanisms of induction of ventricular fibrillation (VF) by rapid atrial rates in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).</AbstractText>Electrophysiological studies, management and follow-up in three patients with HCM with VF induced by atrial pacing.</AbstractText>In one patient, spontaneous s... |
4,159 | Brain natriuretic peptide predicts chronic atrial fibrillation after ventricular pacing in patients with sick sinus syndrome. | Chronic atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the main complications of sick sinus syndrome (SSS). As previously reported, plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), reflects hemodynamic changes in different pacing modes, as does plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), so the present study investigated whether plasma BNP or... |
4,160 | Effects of BIIB513 on ischemia-induced arrhythmias and myocardial infarction in anesthetized rats. | Na+/H+ exchange (NHE) plays an important role in the regulation of the intracellular pH (pHi) and in cardiac cell injury induced by ischemia and reperfusion. In the present study, we investigated the effects of BIIB513, a selective NHE-1 inhibitor on myocardial ischemia induced arrhythmias and myocardial infarction, pr... |
4,161 | Cardioprotection with beta-adrenoceptor blockers. Does lipophilicity matter? | Beta-blockers have several beneficial cardiovascular effects in patients with hypertension, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, and congestive heart failure. In patients with myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure some beta-blockers have been found to reduce mortality and morbidity. The beta-blockers wi... |
4,162 | The management of heart failure--an overview. | National and international societies have issued guidelines on the management of heart failure: The European Society of Cardiology, WHO, ACC/AHA Task Force Report, US Department of Health and Human Services, German Society of Cardiology. The therapeutic approaches to heart failure have undergone considerable changes du... |
4,163 | Clinical trial data on the cardioprotective effects of beta-blockade. | In most patients with heart failure the underlying cause is coronary artery disease (CAD). They have a poor prognosis and die slowly from deteriorating cardiac function or suddenly from ventricular fibrillation or atheromatous plaque rupture. Two key aims of treatment, therefore, are to slow the progression of the unde... |
4,164 | Susceptibility to ischemia-induced arrhythmias and the effect of preconditioning in the diabetic rat heart. | Diabetic heart is suggested to exhibit either increased or decreased resistance to ischemic injury. Ischemic preconditioning suppresses arrhythmias in the normal heart, whereas relatively little is known about its effects in the diseased myocardium. Our objective was to investigate whether development of diabetes melli... |
4,165 | Cardiopulmonary resuscitation and medical ethics. | This paper presents an overview of the ethical issues involved in creating policy regarding the use of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was introduced in 1965 as a method to revive victims of acute cardiac insult from near-death conditions. The procedure is intended to prevent premature deat... |
4,166 | [Clinical characteristics of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation in exercise stress testing]. | Ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (Vf) induced in exercise stress testing should be treated urgently, although the occurrence of arrhythmia is rare. The conditions for the onset of arrhythmia and the clinical characteristics of VT and Vf patients in exercise stress testing were studied.</Abstrac... |
4,167 | [Mid-term complications of automatic implantable cardiac defibrillators]. | The incidence and the nature of medium-term complications of automatic implantable cardiac defibrillators (AICD) were studied. Seventy-nine AICD were implanted in 50 consecutive patients (42 men, aged 54.5 +/- 13.7 years). Forty-six patients had spontaneous ventricular arrhythmia. These arrhythmias were resistant to tr... |
4,168 | Bioavailability of amiodarone tablets administered with and without food in healthy subjects. | The tablet form of amiodarone is indicated for the treatment of recurrent ventricular fibrillation or hemodynamically unstable ventricular tachycardia. It is recommended that the tablet be taken with meals in cases of gastrointestinal intolerance. However, the effect of food on its bioavailability is unknown. The prima... |
4,169 | Importance of heart failure with preserved systolic function in patients > or = 65 years of age. CHS Research Group. Cardiovascular Health Study. | Although congestive heart failure (CHF) is a common syndrome among the elderly, there is a relative paucity of population-based data, particularly regarding CHF with normal systolic left ventricular function. A total of 4,842 independent living, community-dwelling subjects aged 66 to 103 years received questionnaires o... |
4,170 | Do patients over 40 years of age benefit from surgical closure of atrial septal defects? | To determine the value of surgical closure of atrial septal defects in patients over 40 years of age.</AbstractText>Retrospective analysis of 76 patients (63 women, 13 men), age range 40-62 years (mean (SD) 45.8 (5.1) years), who underwent surgical repair of atrial septal defect. Pre- and postoperative clinical status ... |
4,171 | Treatment of congestive heart failure: guidelines for the primary care physician and the heart failure specialist. | During the past 10 years, the philosophy of heart failure treatment has evolved from symptom control to a combined prevention and symptom-management strategy. Recent clinical trials have proved that early detection can delay progression. Treatment of asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction is as important as treatmen... |
4,172 | Cardiac arrhythmias in the athlete. | Cardiac arrhythmias in the athlete are a frequent cause for concern. Some arrhythmias may be benign and asymptomatic, but others may be life threatening and a sign that serious cardiovascular disease is present. Physicians often are consulted with regard to arrhythmias, or symptoms consistent with arrhythmias, in athle... |
4,173 | What is the sudden death syndrome in Southeast Asian males? | Sudden unexplained death syndrome describes the death of apparently healthy individuals--usually young men--in whom postmortem examination does not reveal the cause of death. The victims are in apparently good health and usually die at night while sleeping. They die within minutes after the onset of agonal respiration.... |
4,174 | Right atrial spontaneous echo contrast and thrombi in atrial fibrillation: a transesophageal echocardiography study. | Previous studies have reported the clinical and echocardiographic findings of patients with left atrial spontaneous echo contrast (SEC) and thrombi. We sought to study these characteristics in patients with right atrial SEC and thrombi.</AbstractText>We reviewed 580 consecutive patients from the ACUTE (Assessment of Ca... |
4,175 | A new method describing cross-sectional blood flow velocity profiles in the left ventricular outflow tract of patients with atrial fibrillation with the use of high-frame rate 2-dimensional color flow imaging. | A new Doppler method was developed to evaluate the instantaneous cross-sectional velocity profile variability in the left ventricular outlet tract in patients with atrial fibrillation. Blood flow velocities acquired at a high frame rate (>90 frames/s) from a single heart cycle were used to display the velocity profi... |
4,176 | Pharmacologic management of atrial fibrillation: current therapeutic strategies. | Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common form of sustained arrhythmia, is associated with a frightening risk of embolic complications, tachycardia-related ventricular dysfunction, and often disabling symptoms. Pharmacologic therapy is the treatment used most commonly to restore and maintain sinus rhythm, to prevent re... |
4,177 | Dofetilide: a new class III antiarrhythmic agent. | Dofetilide is a new, pure class III antiarrhythmic agent that prolongs the refractory period and action potential duration without having beta-blocking or calcium channel-blocking properties, making it unique among established class III agents. Dofetilide is effective in converting atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, a... |
4,178 | Arrhythmia issues in patients with renal disease. | Arrhythmia issues arise frequently in the renal disease population, spanning the spectrum from benign ectopy to sustained arrhythmias. Studies adding to our understanding of arrhythmias and advances in technology have revolutionized the way we deal with many arrhythmias. In dealing with ventricular tachyarrhythmias, ri... |
4,179 | Acute ventricular rate control in atrial fibrillation: IV combination of diltiazem and digoxin vs. IV diltiazem alone. | To analyze the efficacy of an IV combination of diltiazem and digoxin vs IV diltiazem alone for acute ventricular rate control in patients with atrial fibrillation.</AbstractText>Prospective, randomized, open-label study.</AbstractText>Fifty-two patients with atrial fibrillation and uncontrolled ventricular rates were ... |
4,180 | Lethal ventricular arrhythmias following one-step pacemaker reprogramming for rapid tracking of atrial tachyarrhythmias. | An abrupt decrease in the pacing rate in patients with dual-chamber pacemakers tracking atrial tachyarrhythmias carries a high risk of malignant ventricular arrhythmia. The pacing rate should be reduced by multistep programming over several days. |
4,181 | Interval-dependent potentiation of left ventricular contractility is preserved in patients with atrial fibrillation and depressed ejection fraction. | Echocardiographic techniques were used to measure left ventricular isovolumic and ejection phase indexes of contractility in 54 patients with atrial fibrillation, and the relations between cycle lengths and contractility were compared in patients with normal and depressed ejection fractions. Data indicate that variatio... |
4,182 | Ibutilide: a class III rapidly acting antidysrhythmic for atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter. | Ibutilide is an intravenous Class III antidysrhythmic approved for the treatment of recent onset atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter. Pharmacological effect occurs within 30 min, and the efficacy approaches 40%. In contrast to DC electrical cardioversion, which requires anesthesia, pharmacologic cardioversion offers ... |
4,183 | Angiotensin II provokes cesium-induced ventricular tachyarrhythmias. | The purpose of this study was to investigate whether angiotensin II provokes ventricular tachyarrhythmias and to clarify its mechanism using the cesium-induced arrhythmia model, which has been widely used as an afterdepolarization and triggered activity model.</AbstractText>Eighteen adult mongrel dogs of either sex wei... |
4,184 | Diagnosis of heart failure in elderly patients in primary care. | Heart failure is difficult to diagnose in a primary care setting with a reported false positive diagnosis in up to 70% of cases.</AbstractText>To use echocardiography in a large rural practice to evaluate the accuracy of diagnosis of heart failure in patients over 65 years of age.</AbstractText>Sixty patients with a pr... |
4,185 | Radial artery graft vasospasm. | We report an unusual case of vasospasm of a grafted radial artery complicated with ventricular fibrillation during the postoperative course of coronary artery bypass graft surgery. To our knowledge this is the first documented case of a radial artery graft spasm leading to a severe arrhythmia. The arrhythmia resolved s... |
4,186 | Clinical events leading to the progression of heart failure: insights from a national database of hospital discharges. | To describe the sequence of clinically apparent events causing readmission and antedating death, subsequent to a first-time hospital admission for heart failure, in order to give insights into the natural history and mechanisms of progression of heart failure.</AbstractText>A national database of linked hospital discha... |
4,187 | Direct cardiac effects of intracoronary bupivacaine, levobupivacaine and ropivacaine in the sheep. | 1. The racemic local anaesthetic agent bupivacaine is widely used clinically for its long duration of action. Levobupivacaine and ropivacaine are bupivacaine enantiopure congeners, developed to improve upon the clinical safety of bupivacaine, especially the risk of fatal arrhythmogenesis. 2. In previous preclinical stu... |
4,188 | Na(+)/H(+) exchange inhibition reduces hypertrophy and heart failure after myocardial infarction in rats. | We investigated the effect of sodium/hydrogen exchange inhibition (NHE-1) on hypertrophy and heart failure after coronary artery ligation (CAL) in the rat. Animals were subjected to occlusion (or sham) of the left main coronary artery and immediately administered a control diet or one consisting of the NHE-1 inhibitor ... |
4,189 | Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion damage impacts occurrence of ventricular fibrillation in dogs. | To define the relationship between ischemia-reperfusion-induced myocardial damage (IRD) and the occurrence of ventricular tachycardia (VT) and fibrillation (VF), we studied 23 dogs with a three-dimensional activation mapping system. Left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion were performed... |
4,190 | Electrophysiological heterogeneity and stability of reentry in simulated cardiac tissue. | Generation of wave break is a characteristic feature of cardiac fibrillation. In this study, we investigated how dynamic factors and fixed electrophysiological heterogeneity interact to promote wave break in simulated two-dimensional cardiac tissue, by using the Luo-Rudy (LR1) ventricular action potential model. The de... |
4,191 | Critical analysis of dual-chamber implantable cardioverter-defibrillator arrhythmia detection : results and technical considerations. | One of the perceived benefits of dual-chamber implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) is the reduction in inappropriate therapy due to new detection algorithms. It was the purpose of the present investigation to propose methods to minimize bias during such comparisons and to report the arrhythmia detection clini... |
4,192 | Effects of physiologic pacing versus ventricular pacing on the risk of stroke and death due to cardiovascular causes. Canadian Trial of Physiologic Pacing Investigators. | Evidence suggests that physiologic pacing (dual-chamber or atrial) may be superior to single-chamber (ventricular) pacing because it is associated with lower risks of atrial fibrillation, stroke, and death. These benefits have not been evaluated in a large, randomized, controlled trial.</AbstractText>At 32 Canadian cen... |
4,193 | Nitroglycerin to control blood pressure during endovascular stent-grafting of descending thoracic aortic aneurysms. | Temporary asystole induced with adenosine or electrically induced ventricular fibrillation has previously been proposed to prevent hypertension during transluminal placement of thoracic endovascular stent-grafts. Nitroglycerin is a safe and less invasive alternative to control blood pressure and, in contrast to the met... |
4,194 | Importance of rate control or rate regulation for improving exercise capacity and quality of life in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation and normal left ventricular function: a randomised controlled study. | To determine the importance of rhythm regulation or rate control in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation (AF) and normal left ventricular function.</AbstractText>Thirty six patients with a mixed fast and slow ventricular response rate to their AF were randomised to either His bundle ablation (HBA) and VVIR pacem... |
4,195 | Effects of hyperoxia on neonatal myocardial energy status and response to global ischemia. | This study examines the effect of neonatal exposure to clinically relevant hyperoxia levels on both in vivo myocardial metabolism and the subsequent metabolic response to global ischemia.</AbstractText>Three-day-old pigs were ventilated to normoxia (80 mm Hg, 2 or 5 hours, n = 11), mild hyperoxia (250 mm Hg, 2 hours, n... |
4,196 | Right thoracotomy for mitral reoperation: analysis of technique and outcome. | This report describes technical details of the right thoracotomy approach for mitral surgery, and analyzes our experience with this procedure for patients with a prior sternotomy. Three methods for myocardial management (hypothermic cardioplegic arrest, beating heart, and fibrillating heart) are compared.</AbstractText... |
4,197 | [Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and pregnancy]. | We report the case of a 32 years old patient, with a known diagnostic of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; who has presented at the first trimester of pregnancy a ventricular fibrillation treated by electric shock with a favorable outcome. The risks for the mother and the foetus are discussed; The recommendations for the co... |
4,198 | Management of postoperative arrhythmias. | Arrhythmias occur commonly in patients after cardiac surgery. Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia in the postoperative period; it accounts for significant morbidity to the patient and prolonged hospital stays, and it contributes significantly to the cost of hospitalization. It occurs more commonly in elde... |
4,199 | Clinical characteristics of unexplained sudden cardiac death in Korea. | In Western countries, sudden cardiac death (SCD) is closely related to coronary artery disease, but in Korea the clinical characteristics of SCD are not well determined. Over a 4-year period (June 1995 to May 1999), 186 cases of SCD, ranging in age from 16 to 75 years, were admitted to the Chonnam National University H... |
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