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4,700 | Clinical correlates of elevated plasma natriuretic peptides and Big endothelin-1 in a population of ambulatory patients with heart failure. A substudy of the Italian Network on Congestive Heart Failure (IN-CHF) registry. IN-CHF Investigators. | Activation of neuroendocrine factors plays a major role in the pathophysiology and progression of heart failure. The aim of the present study was 1) to assess the clinical correlates of elevated plasma natriuretic peptides [atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)] and Big endothelin-1 in a ... |
4,701 | Doppler-derived acceleration rate of right ventricular early filling reliably predicts mean right atrial pressure at baseline and after loading manipulations in patients with chronic heart failure. | We investigated whether Doppler-derived variables of tricuspid flow could estimate mean right atrial pressure and monitor its changes after loading manipulations in patients with chronic heart failure.</AbstractText>Simultaneous mean right atrial pressure (Swan-Ganz catheterization) and tricuspid Doppler recordings wer... |
4,702 | The risk of contrast media-induced ventricular fibrillation is low in canine coronary arteriography with ioxilan. | Previous studies have proposed that sodium supplement to nonionic contrast media (CM) can decrease the risk of ventricular fibrillation (VF). This study was designed to compare the occurence of VF induced by ioxilan (containing 9 mmol/LNa+) with other nonionic CMs. After wedging a catheter in the right coronary artery,... |
4,703 | Inhibition of the Na(+)/H(+) exchanger attenuates phase 1b ischemic arrhythmias and reperfusion-induced ventricular fibrillation. | The sodium-hydrogen exchanger-isotype 1 (NHE-1) plays a critical role in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. While studies employing less selective sodium-hydrogen inhibitors have demonstrated antiarrhythmic activity, only one study has examined the in vivo efficacy of selective NHE-1 inhibition in a canine model o... |
4,704 | Atrial fibrillation: nonpharmacologic approaches. | Various nonpharmacologic interventions are available for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who are refractory to standard drug therapy. Atrioventricular junctional ablation and permanent pacing is a very effective therapy for patients with AF and a poorly controlled ventricular response. The surgical MAZE procedur... |
4,705 | Drug choices in the treatment of atrial fibrillation. | When considering therapy for atrial fibrillation (AF), the dominant issues are rate control, anticoagulation, rhythm control, and treatment of any underlying disorder. Drug choices for rate control include beta-blockers, verapamil and diltiazem, and digitalis as first-line agents, with consideration of other sympatholy... |
4,706 | Management of atrial fibrillation: therapeutic options and clinical decisions. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common, sustained tachyarrhythmia seen in clinical practice. Although it is not immediately life threatening, AF can cause troublesome symptoms and poses a risk of stroke. The patient's clinical status is often complicated by the presence of other cardiovascular or concomitant disea... |
4,707 | Mechanism of ventricular defibrillation. The role of tissue geometry in the changes in transmembrane potential in patterned myocyte cultures. | The geometry of the myocardium may influence changes in transmembrane potential (DeltaVm) during defibrillation. To test this hypothesis, specific nonlinear structures (bifurcations, expansions, and curved strands or "bends") were created in patterned cultures of neonatal rat myocytes.</AbstractText>Extracellular field... |
4,708 | Effects of HNS-32, a novel antiarrhythmic drug, on ventricular arrhythmias induced by coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion in anesthetized rats. | HNS-32 (N1,N1-dimethyl-N2-(2-pyridylmethyl)-5-isopropyl-3, 8-dimethylazulene-1-carboxamidine: CAS 186086-10-2) is a newly synthesized compound, and possesses antiarrhythmic properties with vasodilator action in dog hearts. The aim of this study was to investigate the dose-dependent effects of HNS-32 on ischemia- and/or... |
4,709 | The management of hyperkalaemia in the emergency department. | Life threatening hyperkalaemia (> 7.0 mmol/l) is commonly associated with acute renal failure. Moderate hyperkalaemia (6.1-6.9 mmol/l) is also common and well tolerated in patients with chronic renal failure. Renal failure is the most common cause of hyperkalaemia although other causes to consider include drugs (pot... |
4,710 | Selective coronary angiography in pediatric patients. | Selective coronary angiography (SCA) is an important diagnostic tool in pediatric cardiology; however, there are few reports on its feasibility and safety in young patients. We reviewed our experience with SCA from July 1, 1993 to December 31, 1997. There were 158 cardiac catheterizations that included SCA in patients ... |
4,711 | Electrocardiography and 24-hour electrocardiographic ambulatory recording (Holter monitor) studies in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. The Pediatric Pulmonary and Cardiac Complications of Vertically Transmitted HIV-1 Infection Study Group. | Limited data are available on the electrocardiogram and ambulatory electrocardiogram recording (Holter) in children infected with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence and cumulative incidence of rhythm and conduction abnormalities in HIV-1-infected ch... |
4,712 | Left atrial appendage function in patients with different pacing modes. | Many studies suggest that patients who receive a ventricular pacemaker have a higher incidence of systemic thromboembolism compared to patients receiving a physiological pacemaker. However, the exact mechanism regarding the etiology of thromboembolism remains unclear. We evaluated the left atrial appendage (LAA) functi... |
4,713 | [Role of antiarrhythmics in the post-infarction period]. | In the thrombolytic era, the mortality of myocardial infarction has been considerably reduced. The prognosis has also improved due to early treatment and the correction of residual ischaemia. Betablockers are valuable antiarrhythmic agents, both in the acute and chronic phases of infarction. Irrespective of the size of... |
4,714 | [Electrophysiologic and anatomic atrial remodeling: an atrial rhythmic cardiomyopathy]. | In 1995, Wijffels and Alessie, using a curious goat model of atrial fibrillation, introduced the concept of atrial remodelling. The classical atrial substrate (anatomopathological-dilatation and hypokinesis-, and electrophysiological-short refractory periods and decreased conduction-), appeared not only to be one of th... |
4,715 | [Present concepts of congenital long QT syndrome]. | The congenital long QT syndrome is characterised by the presence of syncopes due to torsades de pointe which may degenerate to ventricular fibrillation and cause sudden death. These syncopes occur in young subjects with electrocardiographic abnormalities and prolongation of the QT interval. Patients with the autosomall... |
4,716 | Non-pharmacological treatments for atrial fibrillation. A critical perspective on the status quo. | In a proportion of patients with atrial fibrillation, antiarrhythmic drugs are either ineffective, unsafe, or poorly tolerated. Accordingly, a variety of non-pharmacological treatments have been developed. This article critically reviews these modalities. (i) For ventricular rate control, catheter ablation of the atrio... |
4,717 | [Recurrent ventricular fibrillation during a febrile illness in a patient with the Brugada syndrome]. | Different situations have been involved in the origin of ventricular arrhythmic events in patients with the Brugada syndrome such as bradycardia, alcohol consumption and mental stress. We present a 30 year old male with recurrent ventricular fibrillation due to a febrile illness with intense sweating. He had been previ... |
4,718 | Atrial septal defect in adults. Thirty-eight-year follow-up of a surgically and a conservatively managed group. | This report describes the long-term (up to 38 years) outcome, in terms of mortality and cardiovascular morbidity, in a non-randomized clinical observation study of a surgically and a conservatively managed group of adult patients with shunt lesions at atrial level. Haemodynamic status was assessed at baseline and at re... |
4,719 | [Guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation of children]. | In this article the European Resuscitation Council's guidelines for basic and advanced resuscitation of children are presented. There are some changes from the previous guidelines. Children are divided in three age categories (in addition to the newly born): children up to one year old, one to eight years old, and more... |
4,720 | [Heart arrest caused by ventricular fibrillation in acute biliary pancreatitis: a case report and etiopathogenetic hypothesis]. | Acute pancreatitis and/or gallbladder disease precipitating angina pectoris, or producing arrhythmias or ST-T wave changes on electrocardiography in the absence of coronary artery disease, have frequently been mentioned. Many attempts have been made to explain the etiology of these findings. To the authors' knowledge, ... |
4,721 | Pumpless extracorporeal lung assist - experience with the first 20 cases. | Long-term extracorporeal lung assist is limited by a significant mechanical blood trauma resulting in bleeding and hemolysis. To reduce the drawbacks of extracorporeal lung assist a new technique has been developed, by which the driving force for the extracorporeal circuit derives from the patients arterio-venous press... |
4,722 | Mitral valve surgery and atrial fibrillation: is atrial fibrillation surgery also needed? | Atrial fibrillation (AF) persisting after mitral valve surgery reduces survival due to heart failure and thrombo-embolisms, and impairs quality of life. Arrhythmia surgery for AF shows today very satisfying results and therefore mitral valve surgery with AF surgery appears appealing. This study explores whether combine... |
4,723 | E 047/1: a new class III antiarrhythmic agent. | The efficacy, pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of E 047/1, an amiodarone derivative, were evaluated in patients with acute supraventricular or ventricular arrhythmia. In an open, nonrandomized prospective multicenter trial, 20 patients were treated with three different i.v. dosage regimens of E 047/1. Arrhyth... |
4,724 | Preventing ventricular fibrillation by flattening cardiac restitution. | Ventricular fibrillation is the leading cause of sudden cardiac death. In fibrillation, fragmented electrical waves meander erratically through the heart muscle, creating disordered and ineffective contraction. Theoretical and computer studies, as well as recent experimental evidence, have suggested that fibrillation i... |
4,725 | [Atrial defibrillator]. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a frequent and costly health care problem representing the most common arrhythmia resulting in hospital admission. Total mortality and cardiovascular mortality are significantly increased in patients with AF compared to controls. In addition to symptoms of palpitations, patients with AF have... |
4,726 | [Non-contact mapping: a simultaneous spatial detection in the diagnosis of arrhythmias]. | The non-contact mapping device (Ensite, Endocardial Solution) enables a simultaneous, spatial detection of the myocardial depolarization. An isopotential map is visualized in the 3D reconstruction of the cardiac chamber. The analysis of focal premature beats, of unstable arrhythmias and of macro reentry mechanisms is p... |
4,727 | [Non-drug treatment methods in ventricular rate control in atrial fibrillation: high-frequency catheter ablation and catheter modification of the AV node]. | AV nodal ablation with pacemaker implantation nor AV nodal modification is the therapy of the choice in patients with permanent or paroxysmal atrial tachyarrhythmias. Both methods of treatment are limited to patients with drug refractory atrial tachyarrhythmias. Therapy indication requires the complete knowledge of the... |
4,728 | [Microvolt level T wave alternans: a new marker for noninvasive risk stratification]. | Prospective identification of patients with structural heart disease who could profit from prophylactic ICD therapy is hampered by the low predictive power of the currently available risk stratification parameters. Microvolt T wave alternans measured noninvasively is a new promising parameter to assess impaired ventric... |
4,729 | Baroreflex sensitivity as a new marker for risk stratification. | As the arterial baroreflex importantly contributes to modulation of the autonomic influences on the heart and thereby arrhythmogenesis, baroreflex sensitivity has been used as a measure of the interaction between sympathetic and parasympathetic activities at the cardiac level. The most widely applied technique both in ... |
4,730 | [Acute myocardial ischemia and ventricular arrhythmias in the pathogenesis of sudden cardiac death in coronary disease]. | There is increasing evidence for a fatal interaction of myocardial ischemia, ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in some patients with coronary artery disease. Evidence comes from autopsy studies, from the evaluation of patients who survived an episode of sudden cardiac death, from follow-up data of these ... |
4,731 | [Ion channels and arrhythmias]. | Changes in ionic currents through ion channels of the myocardial cell membrane have to be regarded as main cause of cardiac arrhythmias. Three basic arrhythmogenic mechanisms are responsible for the initiation of tachyarrhythmias: 1. The disturbance of normal automaticity in cardiac pacemaker cells dependent on the cur... |
4,732 | [Genetic aspects of the etiology of arrhythmia]. | Cardiac arrhythmias are common causes of morbidity and mortality in clinical medicine. Much has been learned about cellular mechanisms of arrhythmogenesis in the past but genetic components have only recently been recognized for some heritable forms of arrhythmias. The long QT syndrome and the Brugada syndrome are both... |
4,733 | Molecular genetics of arrhythmias--a new paradigm. | The molecular genetic background of inherited cardiac arrhythmias has only recently been uncovered. This late development in comparison to other inherited cardiac disorders has partly been due to the high mortality and early disease onset of these arrhythmias resulting in mostly small nucleus families. Thus, traditiona... |
4,734 | Inhibition of Na,K-ATPase by external electrical cardioversion in a sheep model of atrial fibrillation. | Electrical external cardioversion commonly used to treat atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with myocardial membrane damage and disturbances in ionic homeostasis (hemodynamically unstable). The present study was designed to investigate whether alterations in ionic homeostasis observed were due in part to changes in... |
4,735 | Specific up-regulation of mitochondrial F0F1-ATPase activity after short episodes of atrial fibrillation in sheep. | Ventricular fibrillation induced by either digitalis intoxication or electrical stimulation is reported to alter myocardial energy by impairing the sarcolemmal Na,K-ATPase or the receptor for digitalis and the mitochondrial ATPase synthase or F0F1-ATPase. However, little is known about these membrane functions during a... |
4,736 | Body surface distribution and response to drugs of ST segment elevation in Brugada syndrome: clinical implication of eighty-seven-lead body surface potential mapping and its application to twelve-lead electrocardiograms. | Body surface distribution and magnitude of ST segment elevation and their reflection in 12-lead ECGs have not been clarified in Brugada syndrome.</AbstractText>Eighty-seven-lead body surface potential mapping and 12-lead ECGs were recorded simultaneously in 25 patients with Brugada syndrome and 40 control patients. The... |
4,737 | Effect of phased chest and abdominal compression-decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation on myocardial and cerebral blood flow in pigs. | This study was designed to assess the effects of a phased chest and abdominal compression-decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) device, Lifestick, vs. standard CPR on vital organ blood flow in a porcine CPR model.</AbstractText>Prospective, randomized laboratory investigation using an established porcine mo... |
4,738 | [Quality of life two years after myocardial infarction. 2. Examination of affecting factors]. | This study aimed at determining these factors--ventricular fibrillation (VF) in acute phase of myocardial infarction MI), thrombolytic therapy, beta-blockers after MI, cardiac rehabilitation--affect quality of life (QOL) during the follow-up. The study involved 100 patients (mean age 45.5 years), on the average 2 years... |
4,739 | [Quality of life two years after myocardial infarction. 1. Examination questionnaires]. | The purpose of the present study was to assess the quality of life (QOL) and factors influencing QOL in patients 2 years after myocardial infarction (MI). The study was performed in 100 pts (mean age 45.5) mean 2 years after MI. 50 pts of studied group (mean age 42.5) were resuscitated from ventricular fibrillation (VF... |
4,740 | Transient left ventricular aneurysm and hypertrophy accompanied by polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in a patient suspected of acute myocarditis. | A 75-year-old woman presented with recurrent ventricular tachycardia (VT) compatible with torsades de pointes (TdP) based on sinus bradycardia and QT prolongation. Previously she had received pirmenol, at a serum concentration within therapeutic range, for her paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Emergent cardiac catheteriz... |
4,741 | Predictors of congestive heart failure in the elderly: the Cardiovascular Health Study. | We sought to characterize the predictors of incident congestive heart failure (CHF), as determined by central adjudication, in a community-based elderly population.</AbstractText>The elderly constitute a growing proportion of patients admitted to the hospital with CHF, and CHF is a leading source of morbidity and morta... |
4,742 | Atrial pacing for the prevention of atrial fibrillation after cardiovascular surgery. | The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of atrial pacing in the prevention of atrial fibrillation following cardiovascular surgery.</AbstractText>Although pharmacologic therapy has been used to help prevent postoperative atrial fibrillation, it suffers from limited efficacy and adverse effects. In the n... |
4,743 | Effective prevention of atrial fibrillation by continuous atrial overdrive pacing after coronary artery bypass surgery. | The present study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a specific algorithm with continuous atrial dynamic overdrive pacing to prevent atrial fibrillation (AF) after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.</AbstractText>Atrial fibrillation occurs in 30% to 40% of patients after cardiac surgery with a peak inciden... |
4,744 | Should interventional cardiac catheterization procedures take place at the time of diagnostic procedures? | In many cardiac catheterization laboratories interventional procedures are performed at a date later than the diagnostic study, causing increased hospital days and costs. Few data exist which compare procedural success, complications, and costs between procedures performed at the time of diagnostic study and those perf... |
4,745 | The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. | Ventricular arrhythmias remain a major cause of cardiovascular mortality. Therapy for serious ventricular arrhythmias has evolved over the past decade, from treatment primarily with antiarrhythmic drugs to implanted devices. The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is the best therapy for patients who have expe... |
4,746 | Atrial fibrillation and the risk of cerebral white matter lesions. | Cerebral white matter lesions are often observed on MRI scans of elderly nondemented and demented persons. Their pathogenesis is not fully understood but cerebral hypoperfusion may be involved. Atrial fibrillation is a common finding in elderly subjects and may lead to a reduced cardiac output with cerebral hypoperfusi... |
4,747 | EKG abnormalities during partial seizures in refractory epilepsy. | This study assessed the frequency and character of ictal cardiac rhythm and conduction abnormalities in intractable epilepsy. Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is a major cause of excess mortality in people with refractory epilepsy, and cardiac arrhythmias during seizures may be responsible. The frequency of ... |
4,748 | Switch from a BIVAD to a LVAD in a boy with Kawasaki disease. | A 9-year-old boy with Kawasaki disease survived after two severe myocardial infarctions. Thereafter pharmacologically untreatable ventricular arrhythmia and rapidly deteriorating heart failure developed in the patient. After 19 days of biventricular and a further 27 days of left univentricular mechanical circulatory su... |
4,749 | Dissection of the coronary sinus secondary to pacemaker lead manipulation. | We report a 64-year-old man with atrial fibrillation and impaired left ventricular function in whom pacemaker lead manipulation during biatrial pacemaker lead removal and biventricular pacemaker lead insertion caused coronary sinus dissection. After further manipulation of the biventricular pacing lead, the true lumen ... |
4,750 | Effect of rates of perfusion on dominant frequency and defibrillation energy in isolated fibrillating hearts. | This study assessed the influence of rates of reperfusion on excitability of the myocardium using dominant frequency (DF) (in Hz) of VF and the relationship of DF to the minimum defibrillation energy (MDE) (in J). Our hypothesis was that increasing flow during reperfusion increases DF that raises MDE. Initially, six La... |
4,751 | The relation between ejection fraction and mitral annulus motion before and after direct-current electrical cardioversion. | Mitral annulus motion (MAM) and the relation between left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) and MAM has been shown to differ between patients with sinus rhythm and patients with atrial fibrillation. However, it has not been investigated how the relation between EF and MAM changes on direct-current (DC) electrical card... |
4,752 | Endothelin-1 vasoconstriction during swine cardiopulmonary resuscitation improves coronary perfusion pressures but worsens postresuscitation outcome. | Vasoconstriction during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) improves coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) and thereby outcome. The combination of endothelin-1 (ET-1) plus epinephrine improved CPP during CPR compared with epinephrine alone in a canine cardiac arrest model. The effect of the combination on outcome variables... |
4,753 | Dobutamine stress echocardiography: safety in diagnosing coronary artery disease. | Dobutamine stress echocardiography is considered a relatively well-tolerated diagnostic modality, effective in the management of patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease. Adverse effects during testing are relatively frequent, precluding the achievement of a diagnostic end-point in about 5 to 10% of tes... |
4,754 | Clinical study to investigate the predictive parameters for the onset of atrial fibrillation in patients with essential hypertension. | The risk factors involved in the onset of atrial fibrillation (AF) are well known, but the predictive clinical and paraclinical parameters for the onset of AF in hypertensive patients have not been investigated specifically.</AbstractText>We retrospectively analyzed 97 consecutive patients with hypertension and no know... |
4,755 | Determinants of outcome in patients with sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias: the antiarrhythmics versus implantable defibrillators (AVID) study registry. | The prognosis of patients with sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias varies according to clinical characteristics. We sought to identify predictors of survival in a large population of patients with documented sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias not related to reversible or correctable causes included in the Antiar... |
4,756 | Inappropriate therapy from atrial fibrillation and sinus tachycardia in automated implantable cardioverter defibrillators. | Inappropriate therapy from supraventricular tachyarrhythmias (atrial fibrillation [AF] and sinus tachycardia [ST]) in patients with implanted cardioverter defibrillators is a major challenge. We tested the performance of stability algorithms from 3 manufacturers for episodes of inappropriate therapy delivered because o... |
4,757 | A low amplitude His-bundle potential predicts failure of the right-sided approach for atrioventricular junction ablation. | In 30 patients with drug refractory atrial fibrillation-flutter who underwent radiofrequency (RF) ablation of the atrioventricular (AV) junction, 23 were successfully ablated using the conventional right-sided approach (group A). Seven patients required a left-sided approach (group B) after multiple applications from t... |
4,758 | Termination of resuscitation in the prehospital setting for adult patients suffering nontraumatic cardiac arrest. National Association of EMS Physicians Standards and Clinical Practice Committee. | The National Association of EMS Physicians (NAEMSP) supports out-of-hospital termination of resuscitation for adult, nontraumatic cardiac arrest patients who have not responded to full resuscitative efforts. The following factors should be considered in establishing termination of resuscitation protocols: 1) Terminatio... |
4,759 | [Multi-recurrent cardiac arrest: when to discontinue cardiopulmonary resuscitation?]. | A 52-year-old man developed an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest complicating a myocardial infarction. After prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation, he was admitted to an intensive care unit, where 25 episodes of cardiac arrests occurred within a few hours. Finally the outcome was favourable. This case raises the questio... |
4,760 | The effects of repeated doses of vasopressin or epinephrine on ventricular fibrillation in a porcine model of prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation. | This study evaluated ventricular fibrillation mean frequency and amplitude to predict defibrillation success in a porcine cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) model using repeated administration of vasopressin or epinephrine. After 4 min of cardiac arrest and 3 min of CPR, 10 pigs were randomly assigned to receive eithe... |
4,761 | Transoesophageal low-energy cardioversion of atrial fibrillation. Results with the oesophageal-right atrial lead configuration. | Low energy internal cardioversion is a safe and effective procedure to restore sinus rhythm in patients with atrial fibrillation refractory to external cardioversion. However the procedure is invasive and fluoroscopy is mandatory. Aim of the study To assess the efficacy, safety and tolerability of a new simplified proc... |
4,762 | Transoesophageal echocardiography-guided cardioversion of atrial fibrillation or flutter. Selection of a low-risk group for immediate cardioversion. | Despite exclusion of left atrial thrombi by transoesophageal echocardiography, cardioversion-related thromboembolism has been reported in atrial fibrillation or flutter. To define a low-risk group for cardioversion without previous anticoagulation, patients were selected for immediate cardioversion if there were no thr... |
4,763 | Gamma-linolenic acid provides additional protection against ventricular fibrillation in aged rats fed linoleic acid rich diets. | Ligation of the coronary artery in rats produces severe ventricular fibrillation (VF) and malignant cardiac arrhythmia. Mortality increases with the age of the animal. Diets rich in saturated fatty acids (SF) but low in linoleic acid (LA) increase, but diets high in LA and low in SF decrease the severity of VF and mort... |
4,764 | Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in estrogen receptor-alpha knockout and wild-type mice. | We investigated the function of estrogen receptor-alpha in global myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury in male estrogen receptor-alpha knockout (ERKO) and wild-type mice. Mouse hearts were subjected to 45 min of global ischemia followed by 180 min of reperfusion. The hearts were excised, cannulated, and maintaine... |
4,765 | [Cardiothyreosis: retrospective study of 32 cases in the cardiology and internal medicine department at Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso (1993-1998)]. | Cardiothyreosis is a relatively frequent condition in Sub-Saharan Africa and represents 1.7% of cardiac admissions in Ouagadougou. In this retrospective study, our aim has been to describe clinical characteristics of the disease and its cross-disciplinary management. Over a period of six years (1993-1998), we observed ... |
4,766 | Cardiac arrest due to succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in a patient with wound botulism. | Cardiac arrest due to hyperkalemia is a known complication of succinylcholine administration in patients with neuromuscular disease, extensive burns, and prolonged immobility. We report a case of hyperkalemic cardiac arrest following the administration of succinylcholine in a patient suffering from wound botulism. |
4,767 | Using an artificial neural network to detect activations during ventricular fibrillation. | Ventricular fibrillation is a cardiac arrhythmia that can result in sudden death. Understanding and treatment of this disorder would be improved if patterns of electrical activation could be accurately identified and studied during fibrillation. A feedforward artificial neural network using backpropagation was trained ... |
4,768 | Idiopathic annular dilation: a rare cause of isolated severe tricuspid regurgitation. | The management of patients with severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) requires the clinician to clarify the mechanism of regurgitation. Primary disorders of the tricuspid valve, either congenital or acquired, may be readily identified by echocardiography. Severe TR most often results from left-sided heart disease and sec... |
4,769 | Worsening of mitral regurgitation secondary to ventricular pacing. | A 68-year-old woman was admitted to hospital for possible mitral valve surgery for severe mitral regurgitation (MR). Six months before admission, a DDD pacemaker was implanted for symptomatic bradycardia. She developed atrial fibrillation and the pacer was changed to a VVI mode. At cardiac catheterization, the pulmonar... |
4,770 | Cardiac arrest outcomes at the Melbourne Cricket Ground and shrine of remembrance using a tiered response strategy-a forerunner to public access defibrillation. | The provision of medical, paramedical and first aid services at major public events is an important concern for pre-hospital emergency medical care providers. Patient outcomes of a cardiac arrest response strategy employed at the Melbourne Cricket Ground (MCG) and the Shrine of Remembrance by St John Ambulance Australi... |
4,771 | Atrial function during cardiac arrest caused by ventricular fibrillation. | To report observations on preserved regular atrial electrical and mechanical systole during ventricular fibrillation (VF) and to quantitate blood flow generated by atrial contractions in this setting.</AbstractText>In 10 rats, right atrial pressure pulses were continuously recorded before and for an interval of 8 min a... |
4,772 | Nerve sprouting and sudden cardiac death. | The factors that contribute to the occurrence of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with chronic myocardial infarction (MI) are not entirely clear. The present study tests the hypothesis that augmented sympathetic nerve regeneration (nerve sprouting) increases the probability of ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventri... |
4,773 | High-output heart failure resulting from a remote traumatic aorto-caval fistula: diagnosis by echocardiography. | Congestive heart failure (CHF) due to high output states is known to occur in a variety of systemic illnesses and in patients with arterial-venous fistulas. This paper reports the case of a 45-year-old man admitted to the emergency room with a diagnosis of new onset atrial fibrillation and CHF, whose past medical histo... |
4,774 | Acute management of atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter in the critical care unit: should it be ibutilide? | Ibutilide is currently indicated for the rapid conversion of atrial fibrillation (Afb) or atrial flutter (Afl) of recent onset but limited to patients who are hemodynamically stable and without symptomatic cardiovascular conditions.</AbstractText>The study was undertaken to assess the efficacy and safety of ibutilide i... |
4,775 | Atrial fibrillation independently prolongs hospital stay after coronary artery bypass surgery. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia occurring in patients after coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG).</AbstractText>The purpose of this study was to determine whether AF independently prolonged postoperative length of stay (LOS).</AbstractText>Consecutive patients undergoing elective CABG were ident... |
4,776 | Echocardiography of the coronary sinus in adults. | The coronary sinus (CS) is a small tubular structure just above the posterior left atrioventricular junction. The CS can be imaged in several different echocardiographic views. Using zoom M-mode recordings of the CS in apical two-chamber view, CS caliber can be sharply imaged and easily measured during different phases... |
4,777 | Natriuretic peptide levels in atrial fibrillation: a prospective hormonal and Doppler-echocardiographic study. | The objective was to determine the independent association between atrial fibrillation (A-Fib) and activation of natriuretic peptides.</AbstractText>The association of A-Fib with activation of N-terminal atrial and brain natriuretic peptides (N-ANPs and BNPs, respectively) is uncertain but of great importance for the d... |
4,778 | Synthesis and antifibrillatory activity of nibentan and its analogues. | A series of 1,5-diaminopentane derivatives, structurally related to nibentan, was synthesized and tested for antifibrillatory activity. Improved modifications of some known chemical syntheses were proposed. (+/-)-N-[5-(Diethylamino)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)pentyl]-benzamide hydrochloride, (+/-)-N-[5-(diethylamino)-1-(4-nitrop... |
4,779 | Predictive power of increased QT dispersion in ventricular extrasystoles and in sinus beats for risk stratification after myocardial infarction. | QT dispersion, commonly measured in sinus beats (QTd-S), can also be calculated in premature ventricular beats (QTd-V). To date, no studies have addressed the relation between these 2 variables.</AbstractText>In 148 patients with remote myocardial infarction and premature ventricular beats on a routine ECG, QT dispersi... |
4,780 | Identification of patients most likely to benefit from implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy: the Canadian Implantable Defibrillator Study. | Patients with resuscitated ventricular tachyarrhythmias (ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation) benefit from implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) compared with medical therapy. We hypothesized that the patients who benefit most from an ICD are those at greatest risk of death.</AbstractText>In the C... |
4,781 | Stroke prevention: cardiac and carotid-related stroke. | The aim of this article is to discuss cardiac sources of stroke as well as the management of symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid stenosis. The authors detail the risks of cardioembolic stroke in the following conditions: aortic arch atheroma, atrial fibrillation, atrial myxoma, atrial septal aneurysm, dilated cardiomy... |
4,782 | Arrhythmia prophylaxis after coronary artery bypass grafting: regimens of magnesium sulfate administration. | Arrhythmias are common after open heart surgery and may be related to hypomagnesaemia due to cardiopulmonary bypass. Although perioperative prophylactic Mg2+ administration may prevent arrhythmias after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), clear indications as well as the timing of Mg2+ substitution and dose regimen... |
4,783 | Patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators: transition to home. | Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) are highly effective in the identification and termination of malignant ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. It is anticipated that the number of patients receiving this device will increase because of major advancements in technology and the results of prospective con... |
4,784 | Opposing effects on infarction of delta and kappa opioid receptor activation in the isolated rat heart: implications for ischemic preconditioning. | Delta-opioid receptors are known to participate in the protection found following ischemic preconditioning (IPC), but the role of kappa-receptors in IPC is currently controversial. Langendorff-perfused rat hearts received 35 min regional ischemia and 2 h reperfusion. PC (2 cycles 5 min global ischemia) substantially re... |
4,785 | [Myocardial revascularization in malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmia--prognostic significance]. | The survival of patients with chronic ischaemic heart disease and malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmia is influenced positively in some instances by revascularization of the heart muscle and implantation of a cardioverter-defibrillator. The objective of the submitted work was to evaluate by perspective follow-up of su... |
4,786 | A fatal case of gun blue ingestion in a toddler. | Acute selenium poisoning occurs infrequently. The form of selenium encountered plays a great role in toxicity. Several fatalities have been reported and all but I involved ingestion of selenious acid or selenium dioxide. A healthy 22-mo-old male ingested up to 15 ml of Gun Blue solution (selenious acid). Initially he w... |
4,787 | Unmasking effect of propafenone on the concealed form of the Brugada phenomenon. | A case report of a patient with frequent ventricular premature beats but with an otherwise normal ECG and no structural heart disease. Propafenone in therapeutical doses unmasked the ECG picture of the Brugada phenomenon. |
4,788 | ST segment and T wave alternans in a patient with Brugada syndrome. | We describe a patient with Brugada syndrome in whom J point and ST-segment elevation in leads V1 and V2 were augmented by atrial pacing and intravenous administration of propranolol or cibenzoline. Significant T wave alternans with a 2:1 appearance of terminal negative T wave was observed in the absence and presence of... |
4,789 | Near fatal electrical storm in a patient equipped with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator for Brugada syndrome. | A patient with Brugada syndrome experienced incessant ventricular fibrillation 7 years after implantation of an ICD. General anesthesia, fast ventricular pacing, bretylium, and atenolol infusion were ineffective; amiodarone infusion was started. After 190 defibrillation shocks over 36 hours, the electrical storm stoppe... |
4,790 | Spontaneous sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia after administration of ajmaline in a patient with Brugada syndrome. | We present the case of a 13-year-old boy with an episode of aborted sudden death, absence of structural heart disease, and a characteristic ECG pattern of right bundle branch block with persistent ST-segment elevation in the right precordial leads, in whom a monomorphic sustained ventricular tachycardia developed spont... |
4,791 | Brugada syndrome characterized by the appearance of J waves. | We describe a patient with Brugada syndrome. The ST-segment elevation in precordial leads was revealed during admission, but the appearance of J waves was characteristic before ventricular fibrillation (VF), rather than ST-segment elevation. J waves have been reported to be associated with the presence of an Ito-mediat... |
4,792 | Preliminary results with the simultaneous use of implantable cardioverter defibrillators and permanent biventricular pacemakers: implications for device interaction and development. | We report our preliminary experience with the combined use of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) and biventricular pacemakers in six patients with heart failure and malignant ventricular arrhythmia. Two patients underwent ICD implantation for malignant ventricular arrhythmia after previous biventricular pace... |
4,793 | Effect of 6-wk estrogen withdrawal or replacement on myocardial ischemic tolerance in rats. | Menopausal status is a risk factor for coronary artery disease death, but the mechanism underlying this association is uncertain. To test whether estrogen ameliorates the effects of acute myocardial ischemia in ways likely to translate into a mortality difference, we compared the response to brief (6-min) and prolonged... |
4,794 | Virtual electrodes and deexcitation: new insights into fibrillation induction and defibrillation. | Previous models of fibrillation induction and defibrillation stressed the contribution of depolarization during the response of the heart to a shock. This article reviews recent evidence suggesting that comprehending the role of negative polarization (hyperpolarization) also is crucial for understanding the response to... |
4,795 | Ventricular tachyarrhythmias following coronary surgery: predisposing factors. | The perioperative factors potentially associated with post-coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VT) onset have not been deeply investigated. Monomorphic or polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation represent the most dreadful arrhythmic events that can complicate t... |
4,796 | Alteration of ventricular fibrillation by flecainide, verapamil, and sotalol: an experimental study. | The purpose of this study was to determine whether the myocardial electrophysiological properties are useful for predicting changes in the ventricular fibrillatory pattern.</AbstractText>Thirty-two Langendorff-perfused rabbit hearts were used to record ventricular fibrillatory activity with an epicardial multiple elect... |
4,797 | A mechanism of transition from ventricular fibrillation to tachycardia : effect of calcium channel blockade on the dynamics of rotating waves. | Abbreviation of the action potential duration and/or effective refractory period (ERP) is thought to decrease the cycle length of reentrant arrhythmias. Verapamil, however, paradoxically converts ventricular fibrillation (VF) to ventricular tachycardia (VT), despite reducing the ERP. This mechanism remains unclear. We ... |
4,798 | Cox-Maze procedure for atrial fibrillation: Mayo Clinic experience. | The Cox-Maze procedure corrects atrial fibrillation in 90% of patients, and successful operation restores sinus rhythm, thereby reducing risks of thromboembolism and anticoagulant-associated hemorrhage. Symptoms such as palpitation and fatigability also improve with restoration of atrioventricular synchrony. At the May... |
4,799 | [Cardiac pacemaker therapy for optimizing brain circulation. A possible prevention for cerebrovascular diseases?]. | A 78-year-old patient experienced dizziness, impairment of mnemic and cognitive function, chronic fatigue and recurrent syncope.</AbstractText>Hypertensive heart disease, reduced left ventricular function, and ventricular ectopia classification Lown IVb was documented. Computed tomography showed minimal brain atrophia.... |
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