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4,800 | Combination therapy with carvedilol and amiodarone in patients with severe heart failure. | Carvedilol and at least in some studies, amiodarone have been shown to improve symptoms and prognosis of patients with heart failure. There are no reports on the outcome of combined treatment with both drugs on top of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), diuretics and digitalis.</AbstractText>In 109 patient... |
4,801 | Long-term follow-up of patients requiring intravenous amiodarone to suppress hemodynamically destabilizing ventricular arrhythmias. | Intravenous amiodarone is effective for the acute suppression of recurrent hemodynamically destabilizing ventricular arrhythmias. There are no follow-up data on patients undergoing long-term therapy with intravenous amiodarone. The objective of this investigation was to evaluate long-term outcome.</AbstractText>We revi... |
4,802 | Structural changes of atrial myocardium during chronic atrial fibrillation. | Of all known arrhythmia's, atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most often met in the clinical setting and it is associated with an increase in mortality risk. Several risk factors for AF have been described and several mechanisms of induction and maintenance have been proposed. Studies in patients with AF have shown that s... |
4,803 | Medical history of hypercholesterolaemia adversely affects the outcome of out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation; the 'Shahal' experience in Israel. | To evaluate the impact selected risk factors for cardiac death may have on the success rate in a large cohort of subscribers to 'SHAHAL' who were resuscitated from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.</AbstractText>In this medical facility currently serving 50 000 subscribers, data were prospectively gathered from between 1... |
4,804 | Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. | Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), with its high fatality rate, is a significant public health issue. The aetiology of OHCA is reviewed, and management strategies are discussed, including the "chain of survival", the Utstein method of data collection, and recent developments in advanced cardiac life support emphasi... |
4,805 | Biphasic waveforms for automatic external defibrillation in human: a review. | Ventricular fibrillation is the principal cause of sudden cardiac arrest and the electrical defibrillation is often the only effective therapy. A very interesting question is represented by the electric parameters of defibrillation shock. Today, monophasic waveform is widely used in Europe and in the United States, but... |
4,806 | [Sudden death and ventricular fibrillation of possible ischemic origin in a boy with hypertrophic myocardiopathy]. | It has been presented a case of an eleven-year-old patient admitted with a pattern of ventricular fibrillation and diagnosed as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Admission analysis and myocardia anatomy evolution suggested ischemic etiology. We checked the risk factors of sudden death, its relation with ischemic disease and... |
4,807 | Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy with an initial manifestation of severe left ventricular impairment and normal contraction of the right ventricle. | A case of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) with an initial manifestation of severe impairment of the left ventricle (LV) and normal contraction of the right ventricle (RV) is presented. A 43-year-old man was admitted to hospital because of congestive heart failure following a common cold. The LV f... |
4,808 | Micropumps to support the heart during CABG. | To show the effect of myocardial support by micropumps during beating heart CABG for triple vessel disease.</AbstractText>In 12 sheep, three coronary arteries (LAD, intermediate branch and circumflex) were consecutively occluded for 10 min. The animals were divided in two groups: group 1 without support (n=6) and group... |
4,809 | Mechano-electric feedback in right atrium after left ventricular infarction in rats. | Left ventricular myocardial infarction (MI) can lead to alterations in hemodynamic load conditions, thereby inducing right atrial hypertrophy and dilatation associated with phenotypic modulation of cardiomyocytes, electrical abnormalities, rhythm disturbances, and atrial fibrillation. However, there is limited informat... |
4,810 | Nitric oxide inhibition improved myocardial metabolism independent of tissue perfusion during ischemia but not during reperfusion. | Nitric oxide (NO) is one of the important regulators of cardiac metabolism and function as well as of tissue perfusion. Myocardial NO formation is increased during ischemia and reperfusion. We investigated the roles of endogenous NO in myocardial metabolism during ischemia and reperfusion independent of tissue perfusio... |
4,811 | Systematic review of the management of atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure. | To systematically review the management of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with heart failure.</AbstractText>Studies investigating the management of AF in patients with heart failure published between 1967 to 1998 were identified using MEDLINE, the Cochrane register and Embase databases. Reference lists from relev... |
4,812 | The effects of graded doses of endothelin-1 on coronary perfusion pressure and vital organ blood flow during cardiac arrest. | Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor and has been shown to improve coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) during arrest. The effects of ET-1 on organ blood flow during arrest have not been extensively studied.</AbstractText>To investigate the effects of ET-1 on myocardial and cerebral blood flow during cardiac ar... |
4,813 | Azimilide. | Azimilide is a potassium channel antagonist that, in contrast to existing class III antiarrhythmic agents, blocks both the rapidly (I(Kr)) and slowly (I(Ks)) activating components of the delayed rectifier potassium current. In animal and clinical studies, azimilide prolonged repolarisation by increasing the action pote... |
4,814 | Increased defibrillation threshold with right-sided active pectoral can. | The aim of this study was to identify the optimal position on the chest wall to place an implant able cardioverter defibrillator in a two-electrode system, consisting of a right ventricular electrode and active can.</AbstractText>Defibrillation thresholds (DFT) were measured in 10 anaesthetised pigs (weight 33-45 kg). ... |
4,815 | Endovascular neural stimulation via a novel basket electrode catheter: comparison of electrode configurations. | We previously showed that parasympathetic stimulation by a basket electrode catheter (BEC) positioned in the superior vena cava (SVC) can slow sinus rate (SR) or ventricular response (VR) during atrial fibrillation (AF). In 11 dogs, anesthetized with Na-pentobarbital, standard ECG leads II and aVR, blood pressure and r... |
4,816 | Electrophysiological characterization of SCN5A mutations causing long QT (E1784K) and Brugada (R1512W and R1432G) syndromes. | Familial long QT syndrome (LQTS) and Brugada syndrome are two distinct human hereditary cardiac diseases known to cause ventricular tachyarrhythmias (torsade de pointes) and idiopathic ventricular fibrillation, respectively, which can both lead to sudden death.</AbstractText>In this study we have identified and electro... |
4,817 | Pacing after shocks stronger than the upper limit of vulnerability: impact on fibrillation induction. | After upper-limit-of-vulnerability (ULV) shocks of the same strength and coupling interval (CI) during the T wave, (1) the epicardial activation pattern (EAP) for the first postshock cycle is indistinguishable between shocks that do (VF) and do not (NoVF) induce ventricular fibrillation (VF) and (2) >/=3 cycles in r... |
4,818 | Influence of postshock epicardial activation patterns on initiation of ventricular fibrillation by upper limit of vulnerability shocks. | Shocks of identical strength and timing sometimes induce ventricular fibrillation (VFI) and other times do not (NoVFI). To investigate this probabilistic behavior, a shock strength near the upper limit of vulnerability, ULV(50), was delivered to yield equal numbers of VFI and NoVFI episodes.</AbstractText>In 6 pigs, a ... |
4,819 | Ventricular defibrillation with triphasic waveforms. | It has been reported that triphasic defibrillation waveforms cause less myocardial injury than biphasic waveforms. This study compared the defibrillation thresholds (DFTs) of triphasic and biphasic waveforms.</AbstractText>++DFTs were determined for a transvenous lead system and a 300-microF-capacitor defibrillator. In... |
4,820 | Canadian implantable defibrillator study (CIDS) : a randomized trial of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator against amiodarone. | Patients surviving ventricular fibrillation (VF) or sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) are at a high risk of death due to a recurrence of arrhythmia. The implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) terminates VT or VF, but it is not known whether this device prolongs life in these patients compared with medical th... |
4,821 | Transthoracic cardioversion of atrial fibrillation: comparison of rectilinear biphasic versus damped sine wave monophasic shocks. | Clinical studies have shown that biphasic shocks are more effective than monophasic shocks for ventricular defibrillation. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of a rectilinear biphasic waveform with a standard damped sine wave monophasic waveform for the transthoracic cardioversion of atrial fibrillat... |
4,822 | High-frequency periodic sources underlie ventricular fibrillation in the isolated rabbit heart. | The mechanism(s) underlying ventricular fibrillation (VF) remain unclear. We hypothesized that at least some forms of VF are not random and that high-frequency periodic sources of activity manifest themselves as spatiotemporal periodicities, which drive VF. Twenty-four VF episodes from 8 Langendorff-perfused rabbit hea... |
4,823 | Development of a novel biomarker of free radical damage in reperfusion injury after cardiac arrest. | In a porcine model of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), we investigated changes in the plasma levels of 8-iso-PGF(2alpha), a marker for oxidative injury, and 15-keto-dihydro-PGF(2alpha), an inflammatory response indicator during the post-resuscitation period after cardiac arrest. Twelve piglets were subjected to eit... |
4,824 | Opposite change with ischaemia in the antifibrillatory effects of class I and class IV antiarrhythmic drugs resulting from the alteration in ion transmembrane exchanges related to depolarization. | It is known that class I antiarrhythmic drugs lose their antifibrillatory activity with severe ischaemia, whereas class IV antiarrhythmic drugs acquire such activity. Tachycardia, which is also a depolarizing factor, has recently been shown to give rise to an alteration of ion transmembrane exchanges which is particula... |
4,825 | [The best of cardiac pacing in 1999]. | Since the first clinical application to man forty years ago, for the treatment of bradycardia, cardiac pacing has been the object of continuous technological innovation in parallel with those in electronics and computerisation. However, independently of these expected advances, there has been a surprising widening of t... |
4,826 | [The best of arrhythmias in 1999]. | Recent studies of atrial fibrillation, or rather "atrial fibrillations", have been based on focal atrial fibrillation which seems to be one of the commonest forms of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. This observation led to the possibility of ablative therapy, usually near the pulmonary veins. Technological advances are ... |
4,827 | Potentialities and problems of a novel bilateral ventricular assist system without thoracotomy. | Mechanical cardiac assistance can be critical in saving the lives of patients with acute cardiac failure. However, currently used methods of ventricular assistance require advanced technical knowledge and equipment, and only small numbers of patients can be provided with them. Our aim was to develop new cannulas to con... |
4,828 | Resuscitation from fulminant myocarditis associated with refractory ventricular fibrillation. | Resuscitation was possible in a case of fulminant myocarditis with refractory ventricular fibrillation (Vf) using a percutaneous cardiopulmonary support system (PCPS). A 46-year old Japanese man suddenly experienced cardiopulmonary dysfunction shortly after the onset of flu symptoms, was promptly diagnosed as having fu... |
4,829 | Spatial heterogeneity in refractoriness as a proarrhythmic substrate: theoretical evaluation by numerical simulation. | Spatial heterogeneity in the refractoriness of the ventricular myocardium due to a regionally prolonged refractory period has often been observed in patients with cardiovascular disease as the substrate for functional reentrant tachyarrhythmias. The present study sought to determine how functional reentrant activity co... |
4,830 | Effect of beta-blocker therapy on severe ventricular arrhythmias in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. | Beta-blocker therapy has been shown to improve cardiac function and prognosis in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, whether beta-blockers reduce severe ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death has not been clarified. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of beta-... |
4,831 | Comparative effects of pretreatment with captopril and losartan on cardiovascular protection in a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion. | We sought to assess the comparative effects of pretreatment with captopril and losartan on myocardial infarct size and arrhythmias in a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion.</AbstractText>Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) inhibit the renin-angiotensin system in diff... |
4,832 | Combined assessment of T-wave alternans and late potentials used to predict arrhythmic events after myocardial infarction. A prospective study. | The aim of the present study was to determine whether the combination of two markers that reflect depolarization and repolarization abnormalities can predict future arrhythmic events after acute myocardial infarction (MI).</AbstractText>Although various noninvasive markers have been used to predict arrhythmic events af... |
4,833 | Reversal of atrial electrical remodeling after cardioversion of persistent atrial fibrillation in humans. | Although atrial electrical remodeling has been studied extensively in animal models, the reversibility of this phenomenon after termination of clinical atrial fibrillation (AF) has not been demonstrated. We aimed to examine this important question of reversibility by using AF cycle length (AFCL) and coupling intervals ... |
4,834 | Clinical outcomes after ablation and pacing therapy for atrial fibrillation : a meta-analysis. | Radiofrequency ablation of the atrioventricular node and permanent pacing are used for symptomatic relief in patients with medically refractory atrial fibrillation. In this study, meta-analysis was used to clarify clinical outcomes and survival after ablation and pacing therapy using data from the published literature.... |
4,835 | Terminal warm blood cardioplegia improves the recovery of myocardial electrical activity. A retrospective and comparative study. | The effect of terminal warm blood cardioplegia was analyzed in 191 patients undergoing either coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or prosthetic heart valve replacement between Jan. 1990 and Dec. 1995.</AbstractText>Patients were subdivided into 3 historical cohorts based on the method of myocardial protection: Group... |
4,836 | [Diagnostic usefulness of KL-6 measurements in patients with pulmonary complications after administration of amiodarone]. | Amiodarone-induced pulmonary toxicity is one of the major complications in patients receiving administration of amiodarone. KL-6 is a useful indicator to evaluate the activity of interstitial pneumonitis. We studied the clinical utility of KL-6 as a marker for amiodarone-induced pulmonary toxicity. We investigated 6 pa... |
4,837 | Safety, hemodynamic profile, and feasibility of dobutamine stress technetium myocardial perfusion single-photon emission CT imaging for evaluation of coronary artery disease in the elderly. | Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly. The evaluation of coronary artery disease by exercise stress testing is frequently limited by the patient's inability to exercise. Although pharmacologic stress testing with dobutamine is an alternative, the safety of dobutamine myoc... |
4,838 | Brugada syndrome and sudden cardiac death in children. | In five children from the same family who died after unexplained cardiac arrest, Brugada syndrome syndrome was suspected based on the transient manifestation of the typical electrocardiogram pattern in one of them. A mutation in the cardiac sodium-channel confirmed the diagnosis of Brugada syndrome, which suggests that... |
4,839 | Influence of positive airway pressure on the pressure gradient for venous return in humans. | To study the effect of positive airway pressure (Paw) on the pressure gradient for venous return [the difference between mean systemic filling pressure (Pms) and right atrial pressure (Pra)], we investigated 10 patients during general anesthesia for implantation of defibrillator devices. Paw was varied under apnea from... |
4,840 | Altered transient outward current in human atrial myocytes of patients with reduced left ventricular function. | Electrophysiologic remodeling is involved in the self-perpetuation of atrial fibrillation. To define whether differences in atrial electrophysiology already are present in patients with increased susceptibility for atrial fibrillation, we compared patients in sinus rhythm with and without heart failure.</AbstractText>A... |
4,841 | Signal-averaged isoharmonic body surface maps of patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. | Prevention of sudden arrhythmic cardiac death depends on accurate identification of individuals at high risk. Previous studies of signals recorded directly from arrhythmogenic tissue suggested that the predictive value of the signal-averaged ECG could be enhanced by expanded temporal, spectral, and spatial analysis. Ac... |
4,842 | Are routine arrhythmia inductions necessary in patients with pectoral implantable cardioverter defibrillators? | The value of ventricular arrhythmia inductions as part of routine implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) follow-up in new-generation pectoral ICDs is unknown.</AbstractText>We performed a retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database analyzing data from 153 patients with pectoral ICDs who had routi... |
4,843 | Clinical trials of pacing mode selection. | Current recommendations in favor of dual-chamber over single-chamber ventricular pacing for patients with sinus node dysfunction or AV conduction disorders were made largely based on observational data and expert opinions. The first randomized pacing mode selection study was relatively small and suggested survival adva... |
4,844 | Catheter ablation of atrioventricular junction via retrograde route in a patient with single ventricle. | Radiofrequency catheter ablation of the atrioventricular junction (AVJ) was performed by the retrograde route in a 19-year-old woman with atrial fibrillation and single ventricle following the bidirectional Glenn procedure. Two energy applications resulted in complete atrioventricular block and dependence on an epicard... |
4,845 | Effect of underlying heart disease on the frequency content of ventricular fibrillation in the dog heart. | Although prior studies have examined the frequency content of local electrogram characteristics during fibrillation, little is know about the effects of underlying heart disease on these parameters. This study was designed to compare the frequency content of local electrograms during VF in canine models of acute ischem... |
4,846 | Scaling structure of electrocardiographic waveform during prolonged ventricular fibrillation in swine. | Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is the most common arrhythmia causing sudden cardiac death. However, the likelihood of successful defibrillation declines with increasing duration of VF. Because the morphology of the electrocardiogram (ECG) waveform during VF also changes with time, this study examined a new measure that ... |
4,847 | Prospective evaluation of pulmonary edema. | To describe the clinical profile and hospital outcome of successive unselected patients with pulmonary edema hospitalized in an internal medicine department.</AbstractText>Prospective, consecutive, unsolicited patients diagnosed with pulmonary edema.</AbstractText>An internal medicine department in a 900 tertiary care ... |
4,848 | Stroke in a hospital-derived cohort of patients with chronic Chagas' disease. | The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of stroke in a hospital-derived cohort of patients with chronic Chagas' disease. Seventy-nine patients with chronic Chagas' disease were prospectively followed at the Cardiomyopathy Clinic of the Santa Casa Hospital from January 1990 to June 1993 (mean follow up = 1... |
4,849 | Economic outcomes of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators. | We reviewed the literature pertaining to the cost-effectiveness of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapy in the management of ventricular fibrillation and tachycardia. Discussed are the methodology, advantages, and limitations of economic-outcomes analyses as related to ICD therapy; the impact of new tec... |
4,850 | [Multiple changes of the morphology of ST segment in a patient with Brugada syndrome]. | The Brugada syndrome is characterized by in a electrocardiographic pattern of right bundle branch block and ST-segment elevation in the right precordial leads, absence of any structural heart disease and syncope episodes or sudden death. We report the case of a 50 year-old men with Brugada syndrome and manifold changes... |
4,851 | Distribution of excitation frequencies on the epicardial and endocardial surfaces of fibrillating ventricular wall of the sheep heart. | Tissue heterogeneities may play an important role in the mechanism of ventricular tachycardia (VT) and fibrillation (VF) and can lead to a complex spatial distribution of excitation frequencies. Here we used optical mapping and Fourier analysis to determine the distribution of excitation frequencies in >20 000 sites... |
4,852 | Incidence, duration and survival of ventricular fibrillation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients in sweden. | The chance of survival from ventricular fibrillation (VF) is up to ten times higher than those with other cardiac arrest rhythms. To calculate the effect of out-of-hospital resuscitation organisations on survival, it is necessary to know the percentage of cardiac arrest patients initially in VF and the relationship bet... |
4,853 | Percutaneous transluminal septal myocardial ablation for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy: long term follow up of the first series of 25 patients. | To determine the long term outcome in patients treated with percutaneous transluminal septal myocardial ablation (PTSMA) for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM).</AbstractText>Observational, single centre study.</AbstractText>25 patients (13 women, 12 men, mean (SD) age 54.7 (15.0) years) with drug treatment... |
4,854 | Antiarrhythmic management and implantable defibrillator use in survivors of prehospital cardiac arrest without myocardial infarction in West Yorkshire. | To explore the current use of secondary preventive treatment in survivors of out of hospital cardiac arrest without myocardial infarction (primary ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF)) in West Yorkshire, and assess the implications of recent studies on the benefits of implantable cardioverter-defibr... |
4,855 | Arrhythmias in heart failure: current concepts of mechanisms and therapy. | About one half of deaths in patients with heart failure are sudden, mostly due to ventricular tachycardia (VT) degenerating to ventricular fibrillation or immediate ventricular fibrillation. In severe heart failure, sudden cardiac death also may occur due to bradyarrhythmias. Other dysrhythmias complicating heart failu... |
4,856 | Ventricular fibrillation in a patient with prominent J (Osborn) waves and ST segment elevation in the inferior electrocardiographic leads: a Brugada syndrome variant? | Recurrent ventricular fibrillation was observed in a 29-year-old Vietnamese man who did not exhibit structural heart disease. The patient's ECG showed prominent J (Osborn) waves and ST segment elevation in the inferior leads that were not associated with hypothermia, serum electrolyte disturbance, or myocardial ischemi... |
4,857 | Effect of atrial radiofrequency ablation designed to cure atrial fibrillation on atrial mechanical function. | The effects of linear radiofrequency lesions in the atria for cure of atrial fibrillation on atrial contraction have not previously been quantified.</AbstractText>Atrial function was measured before and 30 +/- 24 days after a biatrial ablation procedure designed to cure atrial fibrillation in eight dogs and after a sha... |
4,858 | Transvenous parasympathetic nerve stimulation in the inferior vena cava and atrioventricular conduction. | In previous reports, we demonstrated a technique for parasympathetic nerve stimulation (PNS) within the superior vena cava, pulmonary artery, and coronary sinus to control rapid ventricular rates during atrial fibrillation (AF). In this report, we describe another vascular site, the inferior vena cava (IVC), at which n... |
4,859 | Optimization of transvenous coil position for active can defibrillation thresholds. | Lead systems that include an active pectoral pulse generator are now standard for initial defibrillator implantations. However, the optimal transvenous lead system and coil location for such active can configurations are unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the benefit and optimal position of a superior v... |
4,860 | Oral anticoagulant therapy for heart disease: results in actual cardiology practice. | To determine whether the success and complication rates of oral anticoagulation obtained in large, well controlled trials, upon which recommendations are based, are comparable with routine cardiology practice.</AbstractText>An observational, prospective cohort study collected data on all patients followed at an anticoa... |
4,861 | Detection of atrial fibrillation and flutter by a dual-chamber implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. For the Worldwide Jewel AF Investigators. | To distinguish prolonged episodes of atrial fibrillation (AF) that require cardioversion from self-terminating episodes that do not, an atrial implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) must be able to detect AF continuously for extended periods. The ICD should discriminate between atrial tachycardia/flutter (AT), wh... |
4,862 | Permanent, direct His-bundle pacing: a novel approach to cardiac pacing in patients with normal His-Purkinje activation. | Direct His-bundle pacing (DHBP) produces synchronous ventricular depolarization and improved cardiac function relative to apical pacing. Although it has been performed transiently in the electrophysiology laboratory and persistently in open-chested canines, permanent DHBP in humans has not been achieved.</AbstractText>... |
4,863 | A novel wavelet transform based analysis reveals hidden structure in ventricular fibrillation. | We report a new method of interrogating the surface ECG signal using techniques developed in the field of wavelet transform analysis. Previously unreported structure within the ECG during ventricular fibrillation (VF) is found using a high-resolution decomposition of the signal employing the continuous wavelet transfor... |
4,864 | The evidence regarding the drugs used for ventricular rate control. | Our goal was to determine what drugs are most efficacious for controlling the ventricular rate in patients with atrial fibrillation.</AbstractText>We conducted a systematic review of the literature published before May 1998, beginning with searches of The Cochrane Collaboration's CENTRAL database and MEDLINE.</Abstract... |
4,865 | Histamine H(3)-receptors: a new frontier in myocardial ischemia. | In protracted myocardial ischemia, sympathetic nerve endings undergo ATP depletion, hypoxia and pH(i) reduction. Consequently, norepinephrine (NE) accumulates in the axoplasm, because it is no longer stored in synaptic vesicles, and intraneuronal Na(+) concentration increases, as the Na(+)/H(+) exchanger (NHE) is activ... |
4,866 | Pharmacological management of atrial fibrillation: an update. | Therapy of atrial fibrillation remains difficult in many patients. There is increasing awareness that antiarrhythmic drug therapy instituted to maintain sinus rhythm after successful cardioversion of atrial fibrillation may pose a substantial risk to the patient. Therefore, results of prospective randomized trials are ... |
4,867 | The effects of Z13752A, a combined ACE/NEP inhibitor, on responses to coronary artery occlusion; a primary protective role for bradykinin. | The effects on the responses to coronary artery occlusion of a combined ACE/NEP inhibitor (Z13752A) were examined in anaesthetized dogs. A 1 h infusion of Z13752A (128 microgram kg(-1) min(-1) intravenously) decreased arterial blood pressure (by 11+/-3%; P<0. 05) and increased coronary blood flow (by 12+/-4%, P<0... |
4,868 | Survival with full neurologic recovery and no cerebral pathology after prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation with vasopressin in pigs. | We sought to determine the effects of vasopressin and saline placebo in comparison with epinephrine on neurologic recovery and possible cerebral pathology in an established porcine model of prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).</AbstractText>It is unknown whether increased cerebral blood flow during CPR with v... |
4,869 | High dispersion of ventricular repolarization after an implantable defibrillator shock predicts induction of ventricular fibrillation as well as unsuccessful defibrillation. | To test the hypothesis that post-shock dispersion of repolarization (PSDR) is higher in T wave shocks that induce ventricular fibrillation (VF) than in those that do not, as well as in implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) defibrillation shocks which fail to terminate VF when compared with those that are success... |
4,870 | Prediction of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in patients with congestive heart failure: a prospective study. | We sought to prospectively determine whether patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) at risk for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) could be identified by clinical and study variables including the P-wave signal-averaged electrocardiogram (P-SAECG).</AbstractText>Although it is important to assess the risk of de... |
4,871 | Dofetilide: a class III-specific antiarrhythmic agent. | To review published reports on the pharmacology and clinical use of dofetilide in the management of cardiac dysrhythmias.</AbstractText>A MEDLINE search (January 1966-June 1999) was performed using dofetilide and UK-68,798 as key words. English-language articles were identified, and the references of these articles wer... |
4,872 | Adenosine induced atrial fibrillation precipitating polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. | An 86-year-old female developed supraventricular tachycardia 36 hours after a myocardial infarction (MI). She developed atrial fibrillation and polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (PVT) following administration of 12 mg of adenosine. The PVT caused hemodynamic instability with no response to cardioversion, but terminat... |
4,873 | Electrophysiologist-implanted transvenous cardioverter defibrillators using local versus general anesthesia. | With the advent of smaller biphasic transvenous implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) and the experience gained over the years, it is now feasible for electrophysiologists to implant them safely in the abdominal or pectoral area without surgical assistance. Throughout the years, general anesthesia has been use... |
4,874 | The comparative effects of drive and test stimulus intensity on myocardial excitability and vulnerability. | The number and intensity of stimuli that set basic cycle length in cardiac electrophysiological studies can influence the electrical properties assessed by extrastimuli. The relative contribution of drive (S1) and test (S2) stimulus intensity in defining myocardial excitability and vulnerability has not been reported. ... |
4,875 | Importance of ventricular rate after mode switching during low intensity exercise as assessed by clinical symptoms and ventilatory gas exchange. | Automatic mode switching from DDD(R) to DDI(R) or VVI(R) pacing modes has improved dual chamber pacing in patients at high risk for supraventricular tachyarrhythmias. However, little is known about the effect of ventricular pacing rate adaptation after mode switching. We conducted a single-blinded, crossover study in 1... |
4,876 | Amiodarone: clinical trials. | Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic agent commonly used in the treatment of supraventricular and ventricular tachyarrhythmias. This article reviews the results and clinical implications of primary and secondary prevention trials in which amiodarone was used in one of the treatment arms. Key post-myocardial infarction prima... |
4,877 | Clinical implication of antiembolic trials in atrial fibrillation and role of transesophageal echocardiography in atrial fibrillation. | Risk for stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) is highly heterogeneous. Increasing age, history of diabetes, hypertension, previous transient ischemic attack or stroke, and poor ventricular function are independent risk factors for stroke in patients with AF. Accordingly, some groups of patients with AF have... |
4,878 | New advances in class III antiarrhythmic drug therapy. | In the past 2 years, significant advances have been made in class III antiarrhythmic drug therapy. In patients with ventricular arrhythmias and implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs), antiarrhythmic agents are increasingly being used as adjunct therapy to decrease the frequency of ICD discharges. Sotalol was re... |
4,879 | Effects of zatebradine and propranolol on canine ischemia and reperfusion-induced arrhythmias. | 1,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dimethoxy-3[3-[[2-(3, 4-dimethoxyphenyl)-ethyl]methylamino]propyl]-2H-3-benzazepin-2-one -hy drochloride (Zatebradine) is a specific bradycardiac agent, blocking the hyperpolarization-activated pacemaker current (I(f)), and thus has no negative inotropic effect. The purpose of this study was to e... |
4,880 | Efficacy of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators for the prevention of sudden death in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. | Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a genetic disease associated with a risk of ventricular tachyarrhythmias and sudden death, especially in young patients.</AbstractText>We conducted a retrospective multicenter study of the efficacy of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators in preventing sudden death in 128 patients with ... |
4,881 | Safety and prognostic value of early dobutamine-atropine stress echocardiography in patients with spontaneous chest pain and a non-diagnostic electrocardiogram. | To risk stratify and shorten hospital stay in patients with spontaneous (resting) chest pain and a non-diagnostic electrocardiogram (ECG).</AbstractText>The study comprised 102 patients (mean age 58+/-12 years, 67 men) with spontaneous chest pain and a non-diagnostic ECG. Forty-three patients had suspected coronary art... |
4,882 | SCN5A mutation (T1620M) causing Brugada syndrome exhibits different phenotypes when expressed in Xenopus oocytes and mammalian cells. | Brugada syndrome is a hereditary cardiac disease causing abnormal ST segment elevation in the ECG, right bundle branch block, ventricular fibrillation and sudden death. In this study we characterized a new mutation in the SCN5A gene (T1620M), causing the Brugada syndrome. The mutated channels were expressed in both Xen... |
4,883 | Emergency repair of type A aortic dissection in type IV Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. | Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV is a distinctive syndrome in which thin and fragile skin, premature ageing, bruising and scarring are combined with lethal or life-threatening arterial weakness. Aortic rupture either at the aortic root and arch, or sometimes lower down the artery, are particularly characteristic. Even qu... |
4,884 | A simple HPLC-fluorescence method for the measurement of R,S-sotalol in the plasma of patients with life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. | R,S-sotalol, a ss-blocker drug with class III antiarrhythmic properties, is prescribed to patients with ventricular, atrial and supraventricular arrhythmias. A simple and sensitive method based on HPLC-fluorescence is described for the quantification of R,S-sotalol racemate in 500 microl of plasma. R,S-sotalol and its ... |
4,885 | Atrial fibrillation after cardiac operation: risks, mechanisms, and treatment. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common complication of cardiac operations that leads to increased risk for thromboembolism and excessive health care resource utilization. Advanced age, previous AF, and valvular heart operations are the most consistently identified risk factors for this arrhythmia. Dispersion of repolariz... |
4,886 | Cardiac arrest witnessed by emergency medical services personnel: descriptive epidemiology, prodromal symptoms, and predictors of survival. | The Utstein guidelines recommend that emergency medical services (EMS)-witnessed cardiac arrests be considered separately from other out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases. The objective of this study was to assess EMS-witnessed cardiac arrest and to determine predictors of survival in this group.</AbstractText>This pros... |
4,887 | The relation between mitral annulus motion and left ventricular ejection fraction in atrial fibrillation. | Mitral annulus motion (MAM) has recently been introduced as an index of left ventricular function. Previous studies have shown a good agreement between MAM (mm) x 5 and ejection fraction in middle-aged and elderly patients. These studies only included patients with sinus rhythm, while patients with atrial fibrillation ... |
4,888 | Long-term low-dose cibenzoline in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis. | Because most anti-arrhythmic drugs are eliminated from the kidney, anti-arrhythmic drug therapy is largely restricted in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). Cibenzoline is a widely used antiarrhythmic drug excreted mainly from the kidney. The present study evaluated the safety and efficacy of reduced doses of cibenz... |
4,889 | Characteristics and outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment depression on initial electrocardiogram. | Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with nonreciprocal ST-segment depression is said to have a poor prognosis, and early diagnosis and treatment are problematic. The aim of this study was to determine the proportion of unselected consecutive patients admitted to a university center with AMI with nonreciprocal ST-segment ... |
4,890 | Cardiac arrest witnessed by emergency medical services personnel: descriptive epidemiology, prodromal symptoms, and predictors of survival. OPALS study group. | The Utstein guidelines recommend that emergency medical services (EMS)-witnessed cardiac arrests be considered separately from other out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases. The objective of this study was to assess EMS-witnessed cardiac arrest and to determine predictors of survival in this group.</AbstractText>This pros... |
4,891 | Induction of atrial fibrillation with rapid high voltage ventricular pacing for ventricular fibrillation conversion testing. The Ventak AV II DR Study. | To assess whether rapid high voltage ventricular pacing can also induce atrial fibrillation, and whether the induction of atrial fibrillation during ventricular fibrillation conversion testing is related to the patient's heart disease.</AbstractText>Prospective study of 50 patients who received the dual chamber implant... |
4,892 | Long term prognosis after CABG in relation to preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction. | To evaluate the mortality rate, risk indicators for death, mode of death and symptoms of angina pectoris during 5 years after coronary artery by pass grafting (CABG) in relation to the preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).</AbstractText>All patients in western Sweden who underwent CABG without concomi... |
4,893 | Kallikrein gene delivery attenuates myocardial infarction and apoptosis after myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. | The tissue kallikrein-kinin system is present in the heart, and kinin has been shown to have cardioprotective effects. In this study, we investigated the potential role of tissue kallikrein in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury through adenovirus-mediated human kallikrein gene delivery. One week after gene delivery... |
4,894 | Serum troponins T and I after elective cardioversion. | To describe the pattern of release of five myocardial proteins after elective cardioversion.</AbstractText>We measured serum levels of the myocardial proteins creatine kinase, creatine kinase MB mass, myoglobin, troponin T and troponin I serially from baseline to 24 h after 72 elective cardioversion attempts. The total... |
4,895 | Is there a need for routine testing of ICD defibrillation capacity? Results from more than 1000 studies. | Benefits and complications of postoperative implantable cardioverter-defibrillator tests are controversial matters. This study sought to assess the necessity of defibrillation function tests after implantation.</AbstractText>We retrospectively analysed 1007 implantable cardioverter-defibrillator tests in 587 systems an... |
4,896 | Out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation in patients with acute myocardial infarction: coronary angiographic determinants. | The study intended to compare the acute coronary anatomy of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation (VF) versus patients with AMI without this complication.</AbstractText>More than half of the deaths associated with AMI occur out of the hospital and within... |
4,897 | Cost-effectiveness analysis of a rural/urban first-responder defibrillation program. | To analyze the cost-effectiveness of a proposed first-responder defibrillation program in a small rural area in comparison with a recently initiated first-responder program in an adjoining urban center in southwestern Ontario. The purpose of the analysis was to quantify the expected benefits of the proposed program to ... |
4,898 | Combination pharmacotherapy with delayed countershock vs standard advanced cardiac life support after prolonged ventricular fibrillation. | To test the hypothesis that combination pharmacotherapy with delayed countershock would produce higher rates of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and one-hour survival when compared with standard Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) therapy.</AbstractText>A prospective, block-randomized, blinded, laboratory expe... |
4,899 | Intravenous AMP 579, a novel adenosine A(1)/A(2a) receptor agonist, induces a delayed protection against myocardial infarction in minipig. | The aim of the study was to probe if acute administration of [1S-[1a, 2b,3b, 4a(S*)]]-4-[7-[[2-(3-chloro-2-thienyl)-1-methylpropyl]amino]-3H-imida zo[4,5-b] pyridin-3-yl] cyclopentane carboxamide (AMP 579) could provide a delayed protection against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury after 24 h. Anesthetized Yucatan... |
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