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6,000 | Single coronary artery presenting as angina. | The authors present an unusual case of chest pain in an 84-year-old Caucasian woman. |
6,001 | Severe mitral regurgitation due to right ventricular apical pacing. | A 75-year-old man with history of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation developed acute pulmonary oedema immediately after permanent pacemaker insertion for symptomatic bradycardia and was transferred to our institution. Echocardiography prior to pacemaker insertion showed normal left ventricle (LV) function and mild mitral r... |
6,002 | A young mountaineer surviving sudden cardiac arrest at high altitude. | A young mountaineer suffered from sudden cardiac arrest at high altitude. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was initiated immediately. After 30 min a rescue team arrived and successfully defibrillated ventricular fibrillation upon which spontaneous circulation returned. The subsequent ECG was suggestive of extensive anteri... |
6,003 | Protective head-cooling during cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation: the original animal studies. | Prolonged standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) does not reliably sustain brain viability during cardiac arrest. Pre-hospital adjuncts to standard CPR are needed in order to improve outcomes. A preliminary dog study demonstrated that surface cooling of the head during arrest and CPR can achieve protective levels... |
6,004 | [Parameters of heart rhythm variability and QT-interval in patients with ischemic heart disease and type 2 diabetes]. | We studied parameters of heart rhythm variability and QT intervals in 141 patients (mean age 52.4 +/- 7.3 years) with unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction; 101 of these patients (71.6%) had type 2 diabetes. We found that in patients with diabetes parameters RRNN, LF and LF/HF were significantly lower. In pat... |
6,005 | Platelets and cardiac arrhythmia. | Sudden cardiac death (SCD) remains one of the most prevalent modes of death in industrialized countries, and myocardial ischemia due to thrombotic coronary occlusion is its primary cause. The role of platelets in the occurrence of SCD extends beyond coronary flow impairment by clot formation. Here we review the substan... |
6,006 | Anti- or profibrillatory effects of Na(+) channel blockade depend on the site of application relative to gradients in repolarization. | Sodium channel blockers are associated with arrhythmic sudden death, although they are considered antiarrhythmic agents. The mechanism of these opposing effects is unknown. We used a model of induction of ventricular fibrillation (VF) based on selective perfusion of the vascular beds of isolated porcine hearts (n = 8).... |
6,007 | Ventricular tachyarrhythmias (out-of-hospital cardiac arrests). | Pulseless ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation are the main causes of sudden cardiac death, but other ventricular tachyarrhythmias can occur without haemodynamic compromise. Ventricular arrhythmias occur mainly as a result of myocardial ischaemia or cardiomyopathies, so risk factors are those of cardiov... |
6,008 | Serum cardiac troponin I is related to increased left ventricular wall thickness, left ventricular dysfunction, and male gender in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. | Serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is a sensitive and specific marker of myocardial injury. However, a systematic evaluation of cTnI in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients has not been performed.</AbstractText>The purpose of this study is to evaluate cTnI and determine its relationship to clinical features in HCM.<... |
6,009 | Defibrillation delivered during the upstroke phase of manual chest compression improves shock success. | The current standard of manual chest compression during cardiopulmonary resuscitation requires pauses for rhythm analysis and shock delivery. However, interruptions of chest compression greatly decrease the likelihood of successful defibrillations, and significantly better outcomes are reported if this interruption is ... |
6,010 | Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation does not reduce risk of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass surgery: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. | Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) have been reported to reduce the risk of sudden cardiac death presumed to be due to fatal ventricular arrhythmias, but their effect on atrial arrhythmias is unclear.</AbstractText>Patients (n=108) undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery were randomly assigned to re... |
6,011 | Chest compressions cause recurrence of ventricular fibrillation after the first successful conversion by defibrillation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. | Unlike Resuscitation Guidelines (GL) 2000, GL2005 advise resuming cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) immediately after defibrillation. We hypothesized that immediate CPR resumption promotes earlier recurrence of ventricular fibrillation (VF).</AbstractText>This study used data of a prospective per-patient randomized c... |
6,012 | Loss-of-function mutation of the SCN3B-encoded sodium channel {beta}3 subunit associated with a case of idiopathic ventricular fibrillation. | Loss-of-function mutations in the SCN5A-encoded sodium channel SCN5A or Nav1.5 have been identified in idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (IVF) in the absence of Brugada syndrome phenotype. Nav1.5 is regulated by four sodium channel auxiliary beta subunits. Here, we report a case with IVF and a novel mutation in the S... |
6,013 | Image quality and myocardial scar size determined with magnetic resonance imaging in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation: a comparison of two imaging protocols. | Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the heart generally requires breath holding and a regular rhythm. Single shot 2D steady-state free precession (SS_SSFP) is a fast sequence insensitive to arrhythmia as well as breath holding. Our purpose was to determine image quality, signal-to-noise (SNR) and contrast-to-noise (CNR... |
6,014 | Diastolic heart failure: a clinical challenge early recognition & timely intervention is the need of the hour. | Diastolic Heart failure (DHF) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality all over the world. It is responsible for more than 50% of the heart failure cases. New onset of symptomatic DHF is a lethal disease with a 5-yr mortality of approximately 50%. DHF is also referred to as heart failure (HF) with normal left vent... |
6,015 | Excision of native heart and relocation of a grown heterotopic donor heart to the orthotopic position 14 years after transplantation. | Here we report the treatment of native heart complications (aortic regurgitation, ventricular fibrillation and heart failure) following a heterotopic heart transplant by excision of native heart and relocation the heterotopic heart in the orthotopic position. The patient was a 24 year old woman who had received a heter... |
6,016 | Early repolarization in young children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder versus normal controls: a retrospective preliminary chart review study. | Early repolarization (ER), considered a common and benign electrocardiographic pattern on the surface 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), was recently found to be prevalent among patients with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation. It is also highly predominant in physically active young males. Reports on sudden cardiac dea... |
6,017 | Interassay reproducibility of myocardial perfusion gated SPECT in patients with atrial fibrillation. | The aim of this study was to assess interassay reproducibility of myocardial perfusion gated-SPECT for calculation of end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).</AbstractText>One hundred and fifteen consecutive patients... |
6,018 | Human K(ATP) channelopathies: diseases of metabolic homeostasis. | Assembly of an inward rectifier K+ channel pore (Kir6.1/Kir6.2) and an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding regulatory subunit (SUR1/SUR2A/SUR2B) forms ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channel heteromultimers, widely distributed in metabolically active tissues throughout the body. KATP channels are metabolism-gated biosensors f... |
6,019 | Cost-effectiveness of therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest. | Therapeutic hypothermia can improve survival and neurological outcomes in cardiac arrest survivors, but its cost-effectiveness is uncertain. We sought to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of treating comatose cardiac arrest survivors with therapeutic hypothermia.</AbstractText>A decision model was developed to capture co... |
6,020 | Percutaneous closure of atrial septal defects: echocardiographic and functional results in patients older than 60 years. | Percutaneous closure of atrial septal defects is well established in children and adults and has been found to improve symptoms and positively influence right-heart remodeling. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and long-term outcome in adult patients older than 60 years.</AbstractText>The study populat... |
6,021 | Differences in pharmacology and their translation into differences in clinical efficacy--a comparison of the renin angiotensin blocking agents irbesartan and losartan. | Guidelines recommend five antihypertensive drug classes, but which particular drug to choose is up to the treating physician. We aimed at an in-depth comparison of two frequently used angiotensin receptor blockers to provide evidence for this decision.</AbstractText>Pharmacology of irbesartan and losartan, their blood-... |
6,022 | Myocardial Ca2+ handling and cell-to-cell coupling, key factors in prevention of sudden cardiac death. | Using whole-heart preparations, we tested our hypothesis that Ca(2+) handling is closely related to cell-to-cell coupling at the gap junctions and that both are critical for the development and particularly the termination of ventricular fibrillation (VF) and hence the prevention of sudden arrhythmic death. Intracellul... |
6,023 | Sustained manual abdominal compression during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a pig model: a preliminary investigation. | The present study was undertaken to determine whether sustained manual abdominal compression (SMAC) using left paramedian compression technique can improve coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and resuscitation outcomes without causing liver laceration.</AbstractText>Ventricular ... |
6,024 | A rectangular dermatosis of the left back. | Cardioversion and defibrillation have become widely used techniques aimed at restoring normal sinus rhythm in patients with cardiac arrhythmias. Following the procedure, cutaneous lesions are often seen at the site of the electrodes, but little has been reported regarding the evolution of such lesions over time.</Abstr... |
6,025 | Frequent recurrent polymorphic ventricular tachycardia during sleep due to managed ventricular pacing. | We report a case of a patient with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator and no prior history of heart block with managed ventricular pacing (MVP) programmed who had frequent recurrent episodes of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. All of the episodes were initiated by transient atrioventricular block which resul... |
6,026 | Variability of left ventricular electromechanical activation during right ventricular pacing: implications for the selection of the optimal pacing site. | The right ventricular septum (RVS) and Hisian area (HA) are considered more "physiological" pacing sites than right ventricular apex (RVA). Studies comparing RVS to RVA sites have produced controversial results. There are no data about variability of electromechanical activation obtained by an approach using fluoroscop... |
6,027 | Heart failure registry: a valuable tool for improving the management of patients with heart failure. | Guidelines on how to diagnose and treat patients with heart failure (HF) are published regularly. However, many patients do not fulfil the diagnostic criteria and are not treated with recommended drugs. The Swedish Heart Failure Registry (S-HFR) is an instrument which may help to optimize the handling of HF patients.</... |
6,028 | Will simultaneous measurement of E/e' index facilitate the non-invasive assessment of left ventricular filling pressure in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation? | The ratio of early transmitral flow velocity (E) to early diastolic mitral annular velocity (e') was applied as a non-invasive index to assess left ventricular filling pressure (LVFP). However, the reliability of E/e' was undermined in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Recently, a novel method entitled 'dual Dopp... |
6,029 | Delaying a shock after takeover from the automated external defibrillator by paramedics is associated with decreased survival. | The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the takeover by Advanced Life Support [ALS] trained ambulance paramedics from rescuers using an automated external defibrillator [AED] delays shocks and if this delay is associated with decreased survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest [OHCA].</AbstractText>We ... |
6,030 | Plasma CA-125 level is related to both sides of the heart: a retrospective analysis. | CA-125 is an old marker, recently shown to be associated with systolic heart failure. We aimed to search for factors influencing its plasma level.</AbstractText>430 patients with one available CA-125 level were investigated retrospectively. 150 patients who had echocardiographic records were enrolled into final analysi... |
6,031 | Is concomitant surgery for moderate functional mitral regurgitation indicated during aortic valve replacement for aortic stenosis? A systematic review and evidence-based recommendations. | Mitral regurgitation (MR) is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Functional MR is often associated with aortic stenosis (AS) and may resolve after aortic valve replacement (AVR). The objective of this study was to derive evidence-based recommendations regarding surgical intervention for moderate functional MR at th... |
6,032 | Prevalence of the Brugada-type electrocardiogram and incidence of Brugada syndrome in patients with sick sinus syndrome. | In the present study, clarification of the prevalence of the Brugada-type electrocardiogram (ECG) and the incidence of spontaneous ventricular fibrillation (VF) that occurred with the Brugada-type ECG in patients with sick sinus syndrome (SSS) was determined.</AbstractText>A total of 487 consecutive patients (men 45%, ... |
6,033 | Heart rhythm at the time of death documented by an implantable loop recorder. | The aims of this study were to describe arrhythmias documented with an implantable loop recorder (ILR) in post-acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients with left ventricular dysfunction at the time of death and to establish the correlation to mode of death.</AbstractText>Post-mortem ILR device interrogations were ana... |
6,034 | Significance of cardiac sympathetic nervous system abnormality for predicting vascular events in patients with idiopathic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. | Neuronal system activity plays an important role for the prognosis of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Using (123)I metaiodobenzylguanidine ((123)I-MIBG) scintigraphy, we investigated whether a cardiac sympathetic nervous system (SNS) abnormality would be associated with an increased risk of vascular events in p... |
6,035 | Termination of electrocution-induced ventricular fibrillation by an implantable cardioverter defibrillator. | We describe a case in which an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) saved a patient's life after he tried to commit suicide by electrocuting himself. Deaths caused by electrocution are usually accidental and rarely suicidal. The amount of current flow is the most important factor in deciding the degree of elect... |
6,036 | Imaging modalities in cardiac electrophysiology. | Cardiac imaging, both noninvasive and invasive, has become a crucial part of evaluating patients during the electrophysiology procedure experience. These anatomical data allow electrophysiologists to not only assess who is an appropriate candidate for each procedure, but also to determine the rate of success from these... |
6,037 | Serum N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide level and its clinical implications in patients with atrial fibrillation. | Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is increasingly being used for screening and monitoring of congestive heart failure. However, the role of BNP in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and normal left ventricular function has not been determined. This study investigates serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT... |
6,038 | Postoperative treatment of carvedilol following low dose landiolol has preventive effect for atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting. | Postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common complication after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). We have reported that the intra- and perioperative administration of landiolol has a preventive effect on postoperative AF in the early postoperative period after CABG surgery. The purpose of this study ... |
6,039 | Atrial fibrillation in congestive heart failure. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) are common and interrelated conditions, each promoting the other, and both associated with increased mortality. HF leads to structural and electrical atrial remodeling, thus creating the basis for the development and perpetuation of AF; and AF may lead to hemodynamic dete... |
6,040 | Right atrial thrombosis after upgrading to a biventricular pacing/defibrillation system. | A 56-year-old man under right ventricular pacing for atrial fibrillation and bradycardia had congestive heart failure. He received a cardiac resynchronization pacemaker with a defibrillator. Four months later, follow-up transthoracic echocardiography showed a right atrial mass although he had no symptom. Transesophagea... |
6,041 | Cardiotoxicity of anticancer drugs: the need for cardio-oncology and cardio-oncological prevention. | Due to the aging of the populations of developed countries and a common occurrence of risk factors, it is increasingly probable that a patient may have both cancer and cardiovascular disease. In addition, cytotoxic agents and targeted therapies used to treat cancer, including classic chemotherapeutic agents, monoclonal... |
6,042 | Extracorporeal cardiac mechanical stimulation: precordial thump and precordial percussion. | External cardiac mechanical stimulation is one of the fastest resuscitative manoeuvres possible in the emergency setting. Precordial thump (PT), initially reported for treatment of atrio-ventricular block, has been subsequently described to cardiovert also ventricular tachycardia (VT) and fibrillation (VF). PT efficacy... |
6,043 | Outcome after resuscitation using controlled rapid extracorporeal cooling to a brain temperature of 30 degrees C, 24 degrees C and 18 degrees C during cardiac arrest in pigs. | To identify the optimal level of hypothermia during cardiac arrest, just prior to resuscitation with an extracorporeal cooling system and without fluid overload, for neurological outcome at day 9 in pigs.</AbstractText>In a prospective randomised laboratory investigation, 24 female Large White pigs (31-38 kg) underwent... |
6,044 | Intraoperative drug-eluting stent thrombosis in a patient undergoing robotic prostatectomy. | Insertion of drug-eluting stents is one of the strategies for treating patients with coronary artery disease. These patients can be a perioperative challenge in management as they need to be maintained on antiplatelet therapy to prevent stent thrombosis, which puts them at an increased risk for surgical bleeding. Recen... |
6,045 | Automated external defibrillators and survival after in-hospital cardiac arrest: early experience at an Australian teaching hospital. | To evaluate the effect of the introduction of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) on survival after inhospital cardiac arrest.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS" NlmCategory="METHODS">Before-and-after study that compared patients during the 2 years before (8 November 2005 to 7 Nov... |
6,046 | [A ventricle of all dangers: a clinical observation and evolution of a case of arrythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia]. | Arrythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) is rare disease but it is a major cause of sudden death in young people and in athletes. ARVD is a cardiomyopathy characterized by structural and functional abnormalities of the right ventricle precipitating its electrical instability. This electrical instability is resp... |
6,047 | Atrial fibrillation is an independent determinant of increased NT-proBNP levels in outpatients with signs and symptoms of heart failure. | N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is increasingly used in the diagnosis and prognostic assessment of heart failure; however, the possible influence of atrial fibrillation on BNP is still a matter of controversy. We assessed the influence of atrial fibrillation on NT-proBNP levels in outpatients with... |
6,048 | Incidence and characteristics of newly diagnosed rheumatic heart disease in urban African adults: insights from the heart of Soweto study. | Little is known on the incidence and clinical characteristics of newly diagnosed rheumatic heart disease (RHD) in adulthood from urban African communities in epidemiologic transition.</AbstractText>Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital services the black African community of 1.1 million people in Soweto, South Africa. A pros... |
6,049 | Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy associated with multiple coronary artery-left ventricular fistulae: a report of a case and review of the literature. | We present a rare case of multiple coronary artery-left ventricular (LV) fistulae, associated with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in an 83-year-old woman with electrocardiographic abnormalities and a history of arterial hypertension and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. In order to evaluate the clinical significance ... |
6,050 | [Efficacy of procainamide in the treatment of refractory ventricular fibrillation: report of 4 cases and a review of the literature]. | Ventricular fibrillation is the most common malignant arrhythmia, found in up to 55% of patients who go on to experience cardiac arrest. Only monophasic or biphasic defibrillation has been shown to be effective. The efficacy of antiarrhythmic drugs is much lower and depends on how much time has elapsed since the onset ... |
6,051 | Survival increases with CPR by Emergency Medical Services before defibrillation of out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia: observations from the Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium. | Immediate defibrillation is the traditional approach to resuscitation of cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia (VF/VT). Delaying defibrillation to provide chest compressions may improve survival. We examined the effect of the duration of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) cardiopulmonary resuscita... |
6,052 | Precordial thump for cardiac arrest is effective for asystole but not for ventricular fibrillation. | Precordial thump for cardiac arrest remains controversial. Although precordial blows can trigger ventricular fibrillation (VF) (i.e., commotio cordis), they paradoxically have been regarded as potential therapy for cardiac arrest. In commotio cordis, impact energy and resultant peak left ventricular (LV) pressure are i... |
6,053 | Differences in atrial fibrillation properties under vagal nerve stimulation versus atrial tachycardia remodeling. | There are many similarities between atrial effects of atrial tachycardia remodeling (ATR) and vagal nerve stimulation (VS): both promote atrial fibrillation (AF), reduce atrial effective refractory period (AERP) and AERP rate accommodation, enhance AERP heterogeneity, and increase inward-rectifier K+ current.</Abstract... |
6,054 | Severe symptoms in mid and apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. | We analyzed the clinical and quantitative echocardiographic characteristics of patients with sub-basal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) to define the characteristics of patients (pts) with severe symptoms.</AbstractText>Of 444 pts in a referral-based HCM program, 22 (5%) had midventricular or apical HCM. Quality of li... |
6,055 | Diversity of molecular forms of plasma brain natriuretic peptide in heart failure--different proBNP-108 to BNP-32 ratios in atrial and ventricular overload. | Recent studies have shown that plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)-32 and proBNP-108 are increased in heart failure (HF) and that the BNP-32 assay kit in current clinical use cross-reacts with proBNP-108. We investigated why proBNP is increased without processing in HF was investigated.</AbstractText><Abst... |
6,056 | Evidence for enhanced M3 muscarinic receptor function and sensitivity to atrial arrhythmia in the RGS2-deficient mouse. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia seen in general practice. Muscarinic ACh receptors (M2R, M3R) are involved in vagally induced AF. M2R and M3R activate the heterotrimeric G proteins, G(i) and G(q), respectively, by promoting GTP binding, and these in turn activate distinct K(+) channels. Signaling... |
6,057 | Characterization of cardiac brain natriuretic peptide release in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation undergoing left atrial ablation. | Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) is associated with elevated levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP). The exact cardiac source and implications of this are currently unknown, as are the effects of left atrial ablation on cardiac BNP release. We sought to investigate BNP levels at different cardiac sites in PAF pa... |
6,058 | [The effect of inhibition of renin-angiotensin system on cardioversion success and recurrences of atrial fibrillation]. | The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) can play an important role as the underlying mechanism for the development and recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF). In addition, AF itself can lead to atrial structural and/or electrophysiologic remodeling by activating the RAS. This remodeling serves as an arrhythmogenic substrate... |
6,059 | Preliminary study on the detection of cardiac arrhythmias based on multiple simultaneous electrograms. | Although implantable cardioverter-defibrillators have improved significantly in the past decades, the algorithms used in the identification of life-threatening arrhythmias are still not accurate enough. Conventional methods commonly misclassify tachycardias, sometimes initiating an unnecessary and uncomfortable treatme... |
6,060 | Wireless physiological monitoring system for psychiatric patients. | Patients in psychiatric hospitals that are sedated or secluded are at risk of death or injury if they are not continuously monitored. Some psychiatric patients are restless and aggressive, and hence the monitoring device should be robust and must transmit the data wirelessly. Two devices, a glove that measures oxygen s... |
6,061 | Use of frequency analysis on the ECG for the prognosis of low energy cardioversion treatment of atrial fibrillation. | Electric cardioversion is the most effective therapy for restoring sinus rhythm in patient with atrial fibrillation (AF), however, there is not a guiding criteria for advising on when and in whom it will be successful. The objective of this study was to employ frequency analysis on the surface electrocardiogram (ECG) t... |
6,062 | Predicting defibrillation outcome based on phase of ventricular activity during ICD implantation. | Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) are well known medical device for patients who are at a risk of sudden cardiac death caused by ventricular fibrillation (VF). The relationship between VF mechanisms and successful ICD therapy to terminate of VF is still not well understood. The purpose of this work is to e... |
6,063 | Cardiac arrhythmia classification using wavelets and Hidden Markov Models - a comparative approach. | This paper reports a comparative study of feature extraction methods regarding cardiac arrhythmia classification, using state of the art Hidden Markov Models. The types of beat being selected are normal (N), premature ventricular contraction (V) which is often precursor of ventricular arrhythmia, two of the most common... |
6,064 | Medical safety of TASER conducted energy weapon in a hybrid 3-point deployment mode. | TASER conducted energy weapons (CEW) deliver electrical pulses that can temporarily incapacitate subjects. The goal of this paper is to analyze the distribution of TASER CEW currents in the heart and surrounding organs and to understand theoretical chances of triggering cardiac arrhythmias, of capturing the vagus and p... |
6,065 | Monitoring intramyocardial reentry using alternating transillumination. | Intramyocardial reentry is implicated as a primary cause of the most deadly cardiac arrhythmias known as polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation. However, the mechanisms involved in the triggering of such reentry and controlling its subsequent dynamics remain poorly understood. One of the major... |
6,066 | Spatial heterogeneity of restitution properties and the onset of alternans. | Traditionally, it was believed that cardiac rhythm stability was governed by the slope of the restitution curve (RC), which relates the duration of an action potential to the preceding diastolic interval. However, a single RC does not exist; rate-dependence leads to multiple distinct RCs. We measure spatial differences... |
6,067 | Effects of hypocalcemia on electrical restitution and ventricular fibrillation. | We have shown previously that verapamil reduces the slope of the action potential duration (APD) restitution relation, suppresses APD alternans and converts ventricular fibrillation (VF) into a periodic rhythm. To determine whether these effects result primarily from reduction of the APD restitution slope, as opposed t... |
6,068 | Influence of channel blockers on cardiac alternans. | Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) due to fatal cardiac arrhythmias such as ventricular fibrillation is the leading cause of death in the United States, killing 350,000 Americans each year. Thus, it is of great importance to investigate the mechanisms that can suppress abnormal heart rhythms. In this work, we study the effect... |
6,069 | Optical mapping of electrical heterogeneities in the heart during global ischemia. | Real-time optical registration of electrical activity in the heart allows the study of arrhythmogenic mechanisms, in particular due to global ischemia. It is known that global ischemia increases electrical heterogeneity in the heart. However, inter-ventricular differences between the right (RV) and left ventricle (LV) ... |
6,070 | Medium voltage therapy for preventing and treating asystole and PEA in ICDs. | Sudden cardiac death (SCD) takes up to 500,000 lives each year before a victim can even be treated. To address this the implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) was developed to treat those identified at high risk of SCD. Unfortunately, there are a significant number of cases in which the ICD does not successfully ... |
6,071 | Defibrillator synchronization tester. | A defibrillator sync output signal connector provides an ECG synchronization signal that can be used by some defibrillators for the purpose of performing synchronized cardioversion [1]. This process is used to stop an abnormally fast heart rate or cardiac arrhythmia by the delivery of a therapeutic dose of electric cur... |
6,072 | Electrocardiogram signals identification for cardiac arrhythmias using prony's method and neural network. | A new method is presented to identify Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals for abnormal heartbeats based on Prony's modeling algorithm and neural network. Hence, the ECG signals can be written as a finite sum of exponential depending on poles. Neural network is used to identify the ECG signal from the calculated poles. Algo... |
6,073 | Optimizing cardiac resuscitation outcomes using wavelet analysis. | Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is the most lethal of cardiac arrhythmias that leads to sudden cardiac death if untreated within minutes of its occurrence. Defibrillation using electric shock resets the heart to return to spontaneous circulation (ROSC) state, however the success of which depends on various factors such a... |
6,074 | System to improve AED resuscitation using interactive CPR coaching. | A positive impact on cardiac arrest survival has been demonstrated with the substantial reduction in time to defibrillation provided by the widespread deployment of automated external defibrillators (AEDs). However, recent studies have identified the importance of performing chest compressions before defibrillation in ... |
6,075 | Human feasibility study of hemodynamic monitoring via continuous intrathoracic impedance monitoring. | The ultimate hemodynamic sensor for an implantable device would provide information about cardiovascular performance including systolic function, diastolic function, preload, and afterload. We examined the potential clinical utility of simultaneous measurement of left ventricular pressure and continuous intrathoracic i... |
6,076 | Relation of 12-lead electrocardiogram patterns to implanted defibrillator-terminated ventricular tachyarrhythmias in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. | Electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities are common in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HC) and have been associated with the distribution of left ventricular hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis. Such abnormalities may predispose patients to electrophysiologic instability, ventricular arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death ... |
6,077 | Impact of prior statin therapy on arrhythmic events in patients with acute coronary syndromes (from the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events [GRACE]). | Animal models of myocardial ischemia have demonstrated reduction in arrhythmias using statins. It was hypothesized that previous statin therapy before hospitalization might be associated with reductions of in-hospital arrhythmic events in patients with acute coronary syndromes. In this multinational, prospective, obser... |
6,078 | Cardiac arrhythmias induced by glutathione oxidation can be inhibited by preventing mitochondrial depolarization. | We have previously proposed that the heterogeneous collapse of mitochondrial inner membrane potential (DeltaPsi(m)) during ischemia and reperfusion contributes to arrhythmogenesis through the formation of metabolic sinks in the myocardium, wherein clusters of myocytes with uncoupled mitochondria and high K(ATP) current... |
6,079 | A population-based investigation of public access defibrillation: role of emergency medical services care. | Although strategic use of public access defibrillation (PAD) can improve cardiac arrest survival, little is known about temporal trends in PAD deployment and use or how PAD affects the role of emergency medical services (EMS). We sought to determine the frequency, circumstances, and time trends of PAD AED and determine... |
6,080 | Cardiac adrenergic control and atrial fibrillation. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, and it causes substantial mortality. The autonomic nervous system, and particularly the adrenergic/cholinergic balance, has a profound influence on the occurrence of AF. Adrenergic stimulation from catecholamines can cause AF in patients. In human atrium, ... |
6,081 | Arrhythmogenic mechanisms of the Purkinje system during electric shocks: a modeling study. | The function of the Purkinje system (PS) is to ensure fast and uniform activation of the heart. Although this vital role during sinus rhythm is well understood, this is not the case when shocks are applied to the heart, especially in the case of failed defibrillation. The PS activates differently from the myocardium, h... |
6,082 | Cryoablation of stellate ganglia and atrial arrhythmia in ambulatory dogs with pacing-induced heart failure. | There is an association between autonomic nerve discharges and atrial arrhythmias (including bradycardia and tachycardia) in ambulatory dogs with pacing-induced heart failure (HF).</AbstractText>The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that stellate ganglia ablation can reduce the incidence of atrial arrhyt... |
6,083 | Association of TGFBR2 polymorphism with risk of sudden cardiac arrest in patients with coronary artery disease. | Transforming growth factor ss (TGFss) signaling has been shown to promote myocardial fibrosis and remodeling with coronary artery disease (CAD), and previous studies show a major role for fibrosis in the initiation of malignant ventricular arrhythmias (VA) and sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). Common single nucleotide polym... |
6,084 | Evidence of clinical practice heterogeneity in the use of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators in heart failure and post-myocardial infarction left ventricular dysfunction: Findings from IMPROVE HF. | Clinical guidelines recommend implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) for selected patients with chronic left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) to improve survival, yet ICD treatment rates for eligible patients with LVD or heart failure (HF) in cardiology practices remain poorly studied.</AbstractText>This study sou... |
6,085 | Antiarrhythmic effect of acute oxygen-ozone administration to rats. | The antiarrhythmic effects of 100; 150; and 300microg/kg i.p. oxygen/ozone mixture were tested on arrhythmias induced by i) ischemia; ii) ischemia/reperfusion; iii) aconitine (15microg/kg/i.v.); potassium chloride (1.5% i.v.) in rats. 25min of cardiac left descending coronary artery ischemia caused severe incidence of ... |
6,086 | Thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation with and without left atrial thrombus documented by transesophageal echocardiography. | The incidence of cerebrovascular events (CVEs) was investigated in 95 consecutive patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) with left atrial thrombus (LAT) diagnosed by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and in 131 age- and sex-matched AF patients without LAT. Compared with patients without LAT, patients with LAT had ... |
6,087 | Ventricular late potential in patients with apparently normal electrocardiogram; predictor of Brugada syndrome. | Brugada syndrome can be overlooked due to its dynamic change in its electrocardiogram (ECG) manifestation. We hypothesized that positive ventricular late potential (VLP) in patients with nonspecific ECG would predict the inducible coved ST elevation (type-1 Brugada ECG) and the patients at high risk.</AbstractText>Thir... |
6,088 | Primary and secondary prevention of ventricular arrhythmias in dilated cardiomyopathy: nonsustained, sustained, and incessant. | The occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) who are treated with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) for primary or secondary prevention is not fully understood. In this nonrandomized, two-centre, observational study we analyzed the occurrence of ventri... |
6,089 | [Efficacy and safety of implantable cardioverter defibrillator avoiding routine defibrillation threshold testing]. | To evaluate the efficacy and safety of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and cardiac resynchronization therapy-defibrillators (CRT-D) avoiding defibrillation threshold (DFT) testing when treating ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF).</AbstractText>We analyzed a continuous database of... |
6,090 | Synergistic electrophysiologic and antiarrhythmic effects of the combination of ranolazine and chronic amiodarone in canine atria. | Amiodarone and ranolazine have been characterized as inactivated- and activated-state blockers of cardiac sodium channel current (I(Na)), respectively, and shown to cause atrial-selective depression of I(Na)-related parameters. This study tests the hypothesis that their combined actions synergistically depress I(Na)-de... |
6,091 | T wave oversensing and low percentage of biventricular pacing in cardiac resynchronization therapy. | The success of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) depends on a high percentage of ventricular pacing. We present the electrocardiography and electrograms of a patient who underwent an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) with CRT implantation showing a low percentage of ventricular pacing as a result of T ... |
6,092 | Therapy with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) in patients with coronary artery disease and dilated cardiomyopathy: benefits and disadvantages. | Contemporary guidelines refer to ICD implantation in patients who experienced ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation as secondary prevention, and in well-defined high risk groups as primary prevention. Randomised studies were performed in patients with coronary artery disease and in non-ischaemic cardiopathies, chiefl... |
6,093 | Therapeutic mild hypothermia improves outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. | Purpose. Therapeutic mild hypothermia (TMH) is indicated for comatose survivors of an out-ofhospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) to improve general outcome. Although widely used, there are not many reports on its use on a critical care unit (CCU) or on the comparison of cooling methods.Methods. In a retrospective analysis co... |
6,094 | The relationship between chronic atrial fibrillation and reduced pulmonary function in cases of preserved left ventricular systolic function. | The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between chronic atrial fibrillation (AF) and reduced pulmonary function.</AbstractText>Eighty-six chronic AF patients who were enrolled from annual health examination programs were studied using echocardiography and pulmonary function tests (PFT). Echocardio... |
6,095 | The influence of the left ventricular geometry on the left atrial size and left ventricular filling pressure in hypertensive patients, as assessed by echocardiography. | It is not well understood whether the left ventricular geometry is associated with such diastolic parameters as the left atrial volume and the left ventricular filling pressure, as assessed by the Doppler indices. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of the left ventricular geometry on the left atria... |
6,096 | Left atrial infarction: a case report and review of the literature. | The majority of cardiac related deaths are due to ischemic heart disease, with the most common clinical scenario being severe coronary artery atherosclerosis resulting in left ventricular myocardial infarction. However, infarction of other cardiac chambers does occur, and often has specific clinical associations. We re... |
6,097 | Reliability of an external loop recorder for automatic recognition and transtelephonic ECG transmission of atrial fibrillation. | In order to test a newly developed algorithm for detecting atrial fibrillation in clinical practice, we carried out parallel recordings using a conventional 24-h electrocardiogram (ECG) monitor and telemonitoring with an external loop recorder. Recordings were made in 24 patients with persistent atrial fibrillation and... |
6,098 | QTc prolongation during therapeutic hypothermia: are we giving it the attention it deserves? | Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is used in neuroprotection following cardiac arrest due to ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF). Accidental hypothermia is itself known to cause prolongation of the corrected QT interval (QTc). QTc prolongation can cause polymorphic VT and VF. If this also occurs i... |
6,099 | Vernakalant hydrochloride for the rapid conversion of atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. | Postoperative atrial arrhythmias are common and are associated with considerable morbidity. This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vernakalant for the conversion of atrial fibrillation (AF) or atrial flutter (AFL) after cardiac surgery.</AbstractText>This was a prospective, randomized, double-bl... |
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