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7,600 | Epicardial wavefronts arise from widely distributed transient sources during ventricular fibrillation in the isolated swine heart. | It has been proposed that VF waves emanate from stable localized sources, often called "mother rotors." However, evidence for the existence of these rotors is conflicting. Using a new panoramic optical mapping system that can image nearly the entire ventricular epicardium, we recently excluded epicardial mother rotors ... |
7,601 | The influence of myocardial substrate on ventricular fibrillation waveform: a swine model of acute and postmyocardial infarction. | In cardiac arrest resulting from ventricular fibrillation, the ventricular fibrillation waveform may be a clue to its duration and predict the likelihood of shock success. However, ventricular fibrillation occurs in different myocardial substrates such as ischemia, heart failure, and structurally normal hearts. We hypo... |
7,602 | Predictors of major postoperative cardiac complications in a surgical ICU. | Cardiovascular complications are associated with increased mortality and morbidity during the postoperative period, resulting in longer hospital stay and higher treatment costs.</AbstractText>The aim of this study was to identify predictors of major postoperative cardiac complications.</AbstractText>187 patients underg... |
7,603 | Fever-induced QTc prolongation and ventricular arrhythmias in individuals with type 2 congenital long QT syndrome. | Type 2 congenital long QT syndrome (LQT-2) is linked to mutations in the human ether a-go-go-related gene (HERG) and is characterized by rate-corrected QT interval (QTc) prolongation, ventricular arrhythmias, syncope, and sudden death. Recognized triggers of these cardiac events include emotional and acoustic stimuli. ... |
7,604 | Left atrial systolic force in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy: the LIFE study. | In hypertensive patients without prevalent cardiovascular disease, enhanced left atrial systolic force is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy and increased preload. It also predicts cardiovascular events in a population with high prevalence of obesity. Relations between left atrial systolic force and left vent... |
7,605 | Circulating homocysteine levels in patients with radiofrequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. | This study investigated the potential association between homocysteine levels and cardiovascular events or atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence following radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) in patients with AF.</AbstractText>Blood samples were obtained prior to the RFCA procedure. Levels of homocysteine and carboxy-... |
7,606 | Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular diastolic function and filling pressure in atrial fibrillation. | Diastolic dysfunction has been linked to 2 epidemics: atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure. The presence and severity of diastolic dysfunction are associated with an increased risk for first AF and first heart failure in patients with sinus rhythm. Furthermore, the risk for heart failure is markedly increased onc... |
7,607 | Review article: Adenosine use in the emergency department. | To perform a review of the efficacy of adenosine, including its potential role as first-line treatment in unstable supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and its use in wide complex tachycardias and diagnosing difficult arrhythmias. The dose and administration, nature and frequency of side-effects and relevant interactions... |
7,608 | The prognostic significance of serum glucose levels after the onset of ventricular arrhythmia on in-hospital mortality of patients with acute coronary syndrome. | Several studies have illustrated the role played by serum glucose levels in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in general and, more particularly, after an acute coronary event.</AbstractText>The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of serum potassium and glucose levels on in-hospital mortality in patients w... |
7,609 | Vernakalant: pharmacology electrophysiology, safety and efficacy. | The development of new antiarrhythmic agents for the treatment of atrial fibrillation is advancing simultaneously on several fronts. The molecular structure of existing agents such as amiodarone is being modified in an attempt to improve safety and reduce adverse effects. Similarly, atrial-selective antiarrhythmic drug... |
7,610 | [Electroanatomical mapping systems in catheter ablation of cardiac arrhythmias]. | Due to the recent technical development of the past years, most cardiac electrophysiological laboratories are equipped with computer-based electroanatomical mapping systems that precisely describe both the temporal and spatial characteristics of cardiac activation. This development has also been driven by the need for ... |
7,611 | Automated external cardioversion defibrillation monitoring in cardiac arrest: a randomized trial. | In-hospital cardiac arrest has a poor prognosis despite active electrocardiography monitoring. The initial rhythm of approximately 25% of in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) events is pulseless ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF). Early defibrillation is an independent predictor of surv... |
7,612 | Impact of left atrial volume reduction concomitant with atrial fibrillation surgery on left atrial geometry and mechanical function. | Left atrial geometry and mechanical functions exert a profound effect on left ventricular filling and overall cardiovascular performance. We sought to investigate the perioperative factors that influence left atrial geometry and mechanical functions after the Maze procedure in patients with refractory atrial fibrillati... |
7,613 | [Cell therapy and arrhythmias: state of the art]. | Cell therapy is an adjunctive treatment to improve left ventricular function after myocardial injury. Multiple cell types have been tested experimentally in animal models of myocardial disease, with functional improvement as the primary endpoint. Regarding safety, the major concern has been that cell transplantation co... |
7,614 | Does cardiac resynchronisation therapy improve survival and quality of life in patients with end-stage heart failure? | A best evidence topic in cardiac surgery was written according to a structured protocol. The question addressed was whether bi-ventricular pacing, also referred to as cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT), improves survival and quality of life in patients with severe (NYHA III/IV) symptomatic heart failure. Cardiac p... |
7,615 | Heart-brain interactions in cardiac arrhythmias: role of the autonomic nervous system. | The autonomic nervous system plays an important role in the genesis of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Evidence is substantial for a neural component in sudden cardiac death. Sympathetic nerve sprouting and regional myocardial hyperinnervation following myocardial injury promote cardiac arrhythmia and... |
7,616 | Significance of morphological and electrophysiological left ventricular restoration in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. | Treatment of non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM) remains a challenge. Morphological left ventricular (LV) restoration such as septal anterior ventricular exclusion (SAVE) can be effective in treating NIDCM; however, residual electrophysiological disorders such as atrioventricular and intraventricular conduction... |
7,617 | A comprehensive approach to management of ventricular arrhythmias. | This review presents five cases that highlight the complexity of taking care of patients with ventricular arrhythmias. Three of the cases discuss management of patients with nonsustained ventricular tachycardia in the setting of structural heart disease: dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and after my... |
7,618 | Role of ablation therapy in ventricular arrhythmias. | Catheter ablation is an effective therapy for symptomatic ventricular arrhythmia (VA) in patients with and without structural heart disease. It is the treatment of choice to cure or reduce recurrent VA in patients who have an implantable cardioverter defibrillator and can be a life-saving procedure in patients who have... |
7,619 | Problems with implantable cardiac device therapy. | Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) improve survival in patients who have left ventricular dysfunction; however, they are associated with numerous problems at implant and during follow-up. The diagnosis and management of these problems is usually straightforward, but more difficult problems may include the m... |
7,620 | Use of traditional and biventricular implantable cardiac devices for primary and secondary prevention of sudden death. | Sudden cardiac death is the leading cause of cardiac mortality, particularly among high-risk populations with known left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Multiple randomized clinical trials demonstrated a significant mortality benefit of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) compared with antiarrhythmic dru... |
7,621 | Role of drug therapy for sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias. | Antiarrhythmic drug therapy, broadly defined, is the mainstay of treatment and prevention of ventricular tachycardia (VT)/ventricular fibrillation (VF), which can lead to sudden death. This article evaluates the evidence for and appropriate use of class I antiarrhythmic drugs, class III antiarrhythmic drugs, beta-block... |
7,622 | Dose-dependent influence of two-week administration of simvastatin and metoprolol injection on the blood pressure in normocholesterolemic rats. | Beta-blockers are widely used in clinical practice. It is connected with their multiple cardiac effects: slowing heart rate, decrease of myocardial contractility and lowering of systemic blood pressure. Early use of beta-blocker in acute myocardial infarction reduces the risks of reinfarction and ventricular fibrillati... |
7,623 | Atrial and ventricular fibrosis induced by atrial fibrillation: evidence to support early rhythm control. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) with poorly controlled ventricular response is known to be detrimental to ventricular function, conversely, heart failure (HF) increases susceptibility to AF.</AbstractText>This study sought to examine the electropathological effects of 3 months of atrial fibrillation (AF) in dogs with and with... |
7,624 | Common beta-adrenergic receptor polymorphisms are not associated with risk of sudden cardiac death in patients with coronary artery disease. | Previous studies suggest that beta-adrenergic receptor (betaAR) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with out-of-hospital sudden cardiac death (SCD) and overall mortality, but did not specifically examine risk of ventricular arrhythmias (VA).</AbstractText>This study examined the effects of functional ... |
7,625 | Association of prolonged QRS duration with ventricular tachyarrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in the Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial II (MADIT-II). | There is conflicting literature on the relationship between prolonged QRS duration (QRSd) and arrhythmic events, including sudden cardiac death (SCD), in heart failure patients with or without implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs).</AbstractText>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic signific... |
7,626 | The prohibition on shocking apparent asystole: a history and critique of the argument. | A recommendation against shocking asystole has been part of the American Heart Association's Emergency Cardiovascular Care (ECC) Guidelines since 1992. The principal rationale offered then for the prohibition on shocking apparent asystole (PSAA) has since been refuted and has gradually been dropped, but the recommendat... |
7,627 | Atenolol in combination with epinephrine improves the initial outcome of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a swine model of ventricular fibrillation. | The aim of the present study was to assess whether a beta-adrenergic blocking agent such as atenolol, administered during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, would improve initial resuscitation success.</AbstractText>Ventricular fibrillation was induced in 20 Landrace/Large White piglets, which were left untreated for 8 min... |
7,628 | Combination pharmacological cardioversion of permanent atrial fibrillation in post-prosthetic mitral valve replacement outpatients: a novel approach for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. | This study explored the efficacy and safety of combination pharmacological cardioversion of permanent atrial fibrillation in outpatients following prosthetic mitral valve replacement. The study group comprised 99 outpatients who were randomly divided into two groups. In group 1 (n = 50), only ventricular heart rate was... |
7,629 | New antiarrhythmic drugs for atrial fibrillation: focus on dronedarone and vernakalant. | The prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) is forecast to rise to 2-5% of the general population by 2050. Of the two fundamental treatment strategies for AF management, rhythm control is the approach which is generally preferred for active, symptomatic, and/or younger patients, whereas rate control is all that is found... |
7,630 | Recommendations for performing acetylcholine tests safely: STOP dangerous complications induced by acetylcholine tests (STOP DCIAT). | We examined some recommendations for performing acetylcholine (ACh) tests safely.</AbstractText>We performed 1000 ACh tests from 1991 to December 2004. ACh was injected in incremental doses of 20/50/80 microg into the RCA and of 20/50/100 microg into the LCA. During these periods, we encountered various major/minor com... |
7,631 | Terminal stage cardiac findings in patients with cardiac Fabry disease: an electrocardiographic, echocardiographic, and autopsy study. | Fabry disease is caused by deficiency of alpha-galactosidase A, and typically causes multi-organ dysfunction. Patients with manifestations limited to the heart, mainly left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), have been reported as a disease variation. We have reported a 3% prevalence of this cardiac variant in men with LVH,... |
7,632 | Coronary artery spasm--clinical features, diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment. | Coronary (artery) spasm plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemic heart disease, including stable angina, unstable angina, myocardial infarction, and sudden death. The prevalence of coronary spasm differs among populations, is higher in Japan and Korea than in the Western countries probably due to genetic... |
7,633 | Cardiomyopathy induced by pulmonary vein tachycardia cured by catheter ablation. | A 51-year-old male was referred for consideration for heart transplantation because of recently diagnosed congestive heart failure refractory to medical therapy. Previous echocardiography demonstrated a left ventricular ejection fraction of approximately 15% with global hypokinesia. Coronary angiography did not reveal ... |
7,634 | Remodelling of gap junctions and connexin expression in diseased myocardium. | Gap junctions form the cell-to-cell pathways for propagation of the precisely orchestrated patterns of current flow that govern the regular rhythm of the healthy heart. As in most tissues and organs, multiple connexin types are expressed in the heart: connexin43 (Cx43), Cx40 and Cx45 are found in distinctive combinatio... |
7,635 | Prevalence of sleep disordered breathing in paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation patients with normal left ventricular function. | Recent studies have suggested an emerging link between sleep apnoea and atrial fibrillation (AF). These studies included patients with reduced left ventricular (LV) function which may cause both AF and sleep disordered breathing (SDB). We examined the prevalence of SDB in a population of patients with AF and normal LV ... |
7,636 | Patient-tailored implantable cardioverter defibrillator testing using the upper limit of vulnerability: the TULIP protocol. | We evaluated the feasibility of the TULIP (Threshold test using Upper Limit during ImPlantation) protocol, which was designed to provide a confirmed, low defibrillation energy value during implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implantation with only two induced ventricular fibrillation (VF) episodes.</AbstractTe... |
7,637 | Anti-arrhythmic drug therapy for atrial fibrillation: current anti-arrhythmic drugs, investigational agents, and innovative approaches. | By 2050, atrial fibrillation (AF) will be present in 2% of the general population and in a far higher proportion of elderly patients. Currently, we are content with rate control and anticoagulation in elderly asymptomatic patients, whereas in younger patients with symptomatic recurrent AF, pulmonary vein isolation is t... |
7,638 | Fortuitous therapeutic effect of Taser shock for a patient in atrial fibrillation. | Neuromuscular incapacitating devices are used by law enforcement and military forces worldwide. The most frequently used of these devices are from Taser International. Although they are regarded as a less than lethal alternative, there have been several case reports aimed at linking the potential causal relationship of... |
7,639 | Impact of valve prosthesis-patient mismatch estimated by echocardiographic-determined effective orifice area on long-term outcome after aortic valve replacement. | The impact of valve prosthesis-patient mismatch on long-term outcome after aortic valve replacement estimated by various variables such as projected indexed effective orifice area and internal geometric orifice area obtained from in vivo or in vitro published data is still controversial.</AbstractText>The effective ori... |
7,640 | Three-dimensional ultrasound for image-guided mapping and intervention: methods, quantitative validation, and clinical feasibility of a novel multimodality image mapping system. | Multiple factors create discrepancies between electroanatomic maps and merged, preacquired computed tomographic images used in guiding atrial fibrillation ablation. Therefore, a Carto-based 3D ultrasound image system (Biosense Webster Inc) was validated in an animal model and tested in 15 atrial fibrillation patients.<... |
7,641 | Calcium-handling abnormalities underlying atrial arrhythmogenesis and contractile dysfunction in dogs with congestive heart failure. | Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a common cause of atrial fibrillation. Focal sources of unknown mechanism have been described in CHF-related atrial fibrillation. The authors hypothesized that abnormal calcium (Ca(2+)) handling contributes to the CHF-related atrial arrhythmogenic substrate.</AbstractText>CHF was induc... |
7,642 | Precipitation of ventricular fibrillation by intravenous diltiazem and metoprolol in a young patient with occult Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. | We report the case of a young man who presented with a rapid, narrow-complex atrial fibrillation. A few hours after being administered intravenous metoprolol and diltiazem for rate control, he developed intermittent ventricular preexcitation on the electrocardiogram (ECG) and experienced ventricular fibrillation, from ... |
7,643 | Automatic determination of timing intervals for upper limit of vulnerability using ICD electrograms. | Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implant testing based on the upper limit of vulnerability, or vulnerability testing, permits assessment of defibrillation safety margins without inducing ventricular fibrillation (VF) in most patients. Vulnerability testing requires that T-wave shocks be timed at the most vu... |
7,644 | Organized incessant atrial arrhythmias in the setting of severe, isolated biatrial scarring. | Diffuse transmural fibrosis and scarring limited to the area without atrial dilation or significant structural heart or other systemic disease has not been reported. We present three cases of a syndrome characterized by refractory organized atrial arrhythmias, diffuse atrial scarring with electrical silence, and mechan... |
7,645 | Effects of the location of myocardial infarction on the spectral characteristics of ventricular fibrillation. | The location of the myocardial infarction (MI) might modify the spectral characteristics of ventricular fibrillation (VF) in humans.</AbstractText>To evaluate the effect of the location of the infarcted area on the spectral parameters of VF.</AbstractText>Patients with chronic MI (29 anterior, 32 inferior) and induced ... |
7,646 | CDP-choline prevents cardiac arrhythmias and lethality induced by short-term myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat: involvement of central muscarinic cholinergic mechanisms. | In the present study, we aimed to determine whether cytidine-5'-diphosphatecholine (CDP-choline or citicoline) can improve the outcome of short-term myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Ischemia was produced in anesthetized rats by ligature of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 7 min followed b... |
7,647 | Does continuous insulin therapy reduce postoperative supraventricular tachycardia incidence after coronary artery bypass operations in diabetic patients? | To compare continuous insulin infusion (CII) and intermittent subcutaneous insulin therapy for preventing supraventricular tachycardia. The authors propose that continuous insulin therapy is more effective to reduce supraventricular tachycardias.</AbstractText>A prospective randomized study.</AbstractText>This study wa... |
7,648 | Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) presenting with ventricular fibrillation in an adult: a case report. | Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a rare congenital anomaly. The usual clinical course is severe left sided heart failure and mitral valve insufficiency presenting during the first months of life. However, in some cases collateral blood supply from the right coronary art... |
7,649 | Beyond the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator: are we making progress? | Sudden cardiac death due to ventricular fibrillation occurs when a dynamic interaction between triggers and substrate leads to the development of reentry, initiation of ventricular tachycardia, and its degeneration to fibrillation. To move beyond the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator as the only effective therapy ... |
7,650 | Successful radiofrequency catheter ablation for electrical storm of ventricular fibrillation in a patient with Brugada syndrome. | The case of a 41-year-old man with Brugada syndrome (BS) who suffered electrical storms (ES) of ventricular fibrillation (VF) is presented. Although intravenous infusion of isoproterenol (ISP) suppressed the VF occurrence, he consistently experienced recurrence of VF following discontinuation of ISP infusion. Quinidine... |
7,651 | Comparison of electropharmacological effects of bepridil and sotalol in halothane-anesthetized dogs. | Bepridil is known to have a multiple ion channel-blocking property in the heart, which has been applied for the treatment of atrial fibrillation and drug-refractory ventricular tachyarrhythmias. In this study, the electro-pharmacological effects of bepridil were compared with those of dl-sotalol, a representative class... |
7,652 | Clinical trials update from the American College of Cardiology 2008: CARISMA, TRENDS, meta-analysis of Cox-2 studies, HAT, ON-TARGET, HYVET, ACCOMPLISH, MOMENTUM, PROTECT, HORIZON-HF and REVERSE. | This article provides information and a commentary on trials relevant to the pathophysiology, prevention and treatment of heart failure, presented at the American College of Cardiology. Unpublished reports should be considered as preliminary data, as analyses may change in the final publication. CARISMA investigated th... |
7,653 | Influence of the skeletal muscle activity on time and frequency domain properties of the body surface ECG during evolving ventricular fibrillation in the pig. | To evaluate influence of the skeletal muscle activity (SMA) on time and frequency domain properties of ECG during VF.</AbstractText>We studied the first 9min of electrically induced VF (N=7). We recorded Lead II ECG, 247 unipolar epicardial ventricular electrograms (UEGs) and 3 bipolar skeletal electromyograms (EMGs) n... |
7,654 | A survey of labour ward clinicians' knowledge of maternal cardiac arrest and resuscitation. | Guidelines for the management of cardiac arrest during pregnancy exist but they are based on little research. The study hypothesis was that experienced medical clinicians who specialise in obstetric care would not follow current International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation/American Heart Association recommendations... |
7,655 | Tissue Doppler index, E/E', and ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction. | Although several risk factors for stroke have been reported in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), the relation of LV diastolic dysfunction to stroke is still uncertain in these patients. We evaluated the relationship between tissue Doppler-derived index, E/E', as well as other clinical and echocardiographic parame... |
7,656 | Facilitated PCI in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction. | We hypothesized that percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) preceded by early treatment with abciximab plus half-dose reteplase (combination-facilitated PCI) or with abciximab alone (abciximab-facilitated PCI) would improve outcomes in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, as compared with a... |
7,657 | Enhanced left atrial reservoir, increased conduit, and weakened booster pump function in hypertensive patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. | The aim of this study was to evaluate whether paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) has an impact on left atrial (LA) function in hypertensive patients and, if so, to select clinical factors influencing this relationship. Sixty-four essential hypertensive patients with PAF (group EHf) and fifty-five patients without PAF... |
7,658 | Attenuating the defibrillation dosage decreases postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction in a swine model of pediatric ventricular fibrillation. | The optimal biphasic defibrillation dose for children is unknown. Postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction is common and may be worsened by higher defibrillation doses. Adult-dose automated external defibrillators are commonly available; pediatric doses can be delivered by attenuating the adult defibrillation dose thro... |
7,659 | Mild therapeutic hypothermia in patients after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest due to acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing immediate percutaneous coronary intervention. | Mild therapeutic hypothermia (MTH) has been integrated into international resuscitation guidelines. In the majority of patients, sudden cardiac arrest is caused by myocardial infarction. This study investigated whether a combination of MTH with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is feasible, safe, and pot... |
7,660 | Study of nycthemeral variations in blood pressure in patients with heart failure. | The objective of this study was to describe and analyse the nycthemeral variations in blood pressure (BP) by ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) over 24 h in patients with heart failure (HF).</AbstractText>The study population included 50 stable HF patients hospitalized in a cardiology department for acute pulmonary oedema... |
7,661 | Association between statin therapy and reductions in atrial fibrillation or flutter and inappropriate shock therapy. | In patients without implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs), statins have been shown to reduce the incidence of atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter (AF/AFL). We sought to determine if statin therapy could reduce the occurrence of AF/AFL with rapid ventricular rates with and without inappropriate shock therapy... |
7,662 | Severe diffuse coronary artery spasm in the early phase of cardiogenic shock. | Coronary artery vasospasm rarely appears as a diffuse phenomenon that involves all the coronary tree. We present a clinical case of acute myocardial infarction complicated by ventricular fibrillation and cardiogenic shock. Urgent coronary angiography showed occlusion of proximal Circumflex coronary artery and a TIMI I ... |
7,663 | Minimal model for human ventricular action potentials in tissue. | Modeling the dynamics of wave propagation in human ventricular tissue and studying wave stability require models that reproduce realistic characteristics in tissue. We present a minimal ventricular (MV) human model that is designed to reproduce important tissue-level characteristics of epicardial, endocardial and midmy... |
7,664 | Predicting drug-induced changes in QT interval and arrhythmias: QT-shortening drugs point to gaps in the ICHS7B Guidelines. | The regulatory guidelines (ICHS7B) recommending inhibition of the delayed rectifier K(+) current (I(Kr)), carried by human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) channels in cardiac cells (the hERG test), as a 'first line' test for identifying compounds inducing QT prolongation, have limitations, some of which are outlined ... |
7,665 | Tako-Tsubo syndrome in a pregnant woman. | We describe a rare case of Tako-Tsubo syndrome which occurred in a young woman at the beginning of pregnancy, who presented cardiac arrest at onset. In this case, the transient left ventricular ballooning involving both mid and apical segments, in absence of coronary artery disease, produced a severe impairment of card... |
7,666 | Left atrial reservoir function as a potent marker for first atrial fibrillation or flutter in persons > or = 65 years of age. | The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the incremental value of left atrial (LA) function for the prediction of risk for first atrial fibrillation (AF) or atrial flutter. Maximum and minimum LA volumes were quantitated by echocardiography in 574 adults (mean age 74 +/- 6 years, 52% men) without a history or ... |
7,667 | Left ventricular systolic function in the prognosis of patients hospitalized due to worsening heart failure. | Preserved left ventricular systolic function (LVSF) is observed in up to 50% of patients with heart failure (HF). We aimed to determine the prognostic value of LVSF and identify prognostic indices in patients hospitalized due to HF with preserved and depressed LVSF.</AbstractText>We evaluated clinical records of 304 pa... |
7,668 | Familial and sporadic hypertrophic myopathy: differences and similarities in a genotyped population. A long follow-up study. | Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic disease associated with mutations in genes encoding cardiac sarcomere proteins. A mutation is identified in two-thirds of cases, and more frequently in familial forms. Doubts remain concerning the true identity of the sporadic form.</AbstractText>To compare, in a genotyped... |
7,669 | [The utility of assaying the N-terminal of brain natriuretic peptide precursor (NT pro-BNP) to predict the clinical outcome in patients with supraventricular tachyarrhythmias observed and treated in the emergency room]. | Many patients arrive at the emergency room (ER) with recent-onset atrial fibrillation or other forms of supraventricular tachyarrhythmia (SV Ta) or tachycardia. The restoration of sinus rhythm (SR) is always desirable and, in addition, can enable many hospitalisations to be avoided, thereby achieving considerable savin... |
7,670 | Mobile biatrial thrombus in a patient with mitral stenosis under heparin infusion. | A 58-year-old female patient with complaints of sudden presenting pain and pallor on her left foot was referred to our clinic for urgent embolectomy. On her cardiovascular examination there was an apical grade 2/6 systolic murmur and a grade 2/4 diastolic murmur. The presenting electrocardiography revealed atrial fibri... |
7,671 | Using within-patient correlation to improve the accuracy of shock outcome prediction for cardiac arrest. | Analysis of the electrocardiogram (ECG) can to a certain extent predict if a cardiac arrest patient in ventricular fibrillation will get return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) if defibrillated. The accuracy of such methods determines how useful it is clinically and for retrospective analysis.</AbstractText>We have te... |
7,672 | ST-T wave changes in a patient complicated with vasospastic angina and Brugada syndrome: differential responses to acetylcholine in right and left coronary artery. | A 49-year-old man with chest pain and syncope presented saddleback or occasionally coved type ST elevation in V1-V3. Coronary spasm in the left anterior descending artery was induced by acetylcholine injection and ST elevation changed from saddleback to coved type in V2-V3 together with ST depression in V4-V5, whereas ... |
7,673 | Prehospital cardiac arrest: a marker for higher mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction and moderately reduced left ventricular function: results from the MITRA plus registry. | According to the current guidelines for acute myocardial infarction, ventricular fibrillation during the acute phase of myocardial infarction is no indication for specific treatment like ICD implantation. Primary objective of our study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of cardiac arrest within the acute phase... |
7,674 | Immediate post-shock chest compressions improve outcome from prolonged ventricular fibrillation. | This study was designed to test the hypothesis that immediate post-shock chest compressions improve outcome from prolonged ventricular fibrillation (VF) compared with typical "hands off" period (i.e., delayed post-shock compressions) associated with AED use.</AbstractText>After 7.5 min of untreated VF, 36 domestic swin... |
7,675 | Rationale, development and implementation of the Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium Epistry-Cardiac Arrest. | To describe the development, design and consequent scientific implications of the Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium (ROC) population-based registry; ROC Epistry-Cardiac Arrest.</AbstractText>The ROC Epistry--Cardiac Arrest is designed as a prospective population-based registry of all Emergency Medical Services (EMSs)-a... |
7,676 | Intracoronary infusion of catecholamines causes focal arrhythmias in pigs. | Acute ischemia causes myriad changes including increased catecholamines. We tested the hypothesis that elevated catecholamines alone are arrhythmogenic.</AbstractText>A 504 electrode sock was placed over both ventricles in six open-chest pigs. During control infusion of saline through a catheter in the left anterior de... |
7,677 | Effects of procainamide and sotalol on restitution properties, dispersion of refractoriness, and ventricular fibrillation activation patterns in pigs. | Interest in combining antiarrhythmic drugs has been prompted by the lack of efficacy of monotherapies and the toxicity resulting from high doses of individual agents.</AbstractText>We tested the hypothesis that procainamide and sotalol combined have greater beneficial effects on restitution, on the dispersion of refrac... |
7,678 | Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with preexcitation: insights from noninvasive electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI) and catheter mapping. | Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy and Preexcitation.</AbstractText>Fasciculoventricular pathway has been described as an unusual variant of preexcitation. Electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI) is a novel imaging modality for noninvasive electroanatomic mapping of epicardial activation and repolarization.</AbstractText>We prese... |
7,679 | Effect of ranolazine on ventricular vulnerability and defibrillation threshold in the intact porcine heart. | Extensive in vitro studies and clinical evidence (MERLIN trial) indicate an antiarrhythmic potential of ranolazine, a novel antianginal agent. Programmed electrophysiologic testing was performed to quantify ranolazine's effects on ventricular vulnerability and defibrillation thresholds and to gain insights into mechani... |
7,680 | Clinical use of cooled radiofrequency ablation. | Irrigated (cooled) radiofrequency (RF) ablation has become our primary ablation tool for treating atrial fibrillation, macroreentrant atrial tachycardias, and scar-related ventricular tachycardias. As with any technology that increases ablation lesion size, there is the potential for increased risk. The methods describ... |
7,681 | Improved survival after an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest using new guidelines. | An out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is associated with a poor prognosis. We hypothesized that the implementations of 2005 European Resuscitation Council resuscitation guidelines were associated with improved 30-day survival after OHCA.</AbstractText>We prospectively recorded data on all patients with OHCA treated ... |
7,682 | Thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy and encephalopathy in a paraplegic man. | Case report.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">Thyrotoxicosis complicating spinal cord injury is more common than generally appreciated. To raise the level of awareness, the following case of fatal thyrotoxicosis is presented.</AbstractText>A 77-year-old man, paralyzed at ... |
7,683 | Double rhythm in double heart. | We describe the case of a patient with heterotopic transplantation, sinus rhythm originating from the donor heart, ventricular fibrillation of the native heart and right severe decompensation. The double rhythm was easily detected with a surface ECG and the transthoracic echocardiogram, both performed in the left conve... |
7,684 | C-reactive protein but not atrial dysfunction predicts recurrences of atrial fibrillation after cardioversion in patients with preserved left ventricular function. | Maintenance of sinus rhythm after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation is a major clinical challenge also in patients with preserved left ventricular function. Subclinical inflammation and atrial strain have been recognized as important contributors to atrial fibrillation onset and perpetuation. Aim of the study was to... |
7,685 | Safety of myocardial flash-contrast echocardiography in combination with dobutamine stress testing for the detection of ischaemia in 5250 studies. | The purpose of the present study was to provide evidence regarding the safety of real-time flash-contrast echocardiography combined with dobutamine-atropine stress echo (DASE).</AbstractText>The combination of perfusion assessment using myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) with DASE has shown very promising resul... |
7,686 | Perioperative management of a 7-year-old child with Brugada syndrome. | Brugada syndrome results from abnormalities in the myocardial transmembrane conduction of sodium, resulting in the characteristic electrocardiographic changes of ST segment elevation in the precordial leads and incomplete right bundle branch block in an otherwise structurally normal heart. Affected patients are frequen... |
7,687 | The synergism between atrial fibrillation and heart failure. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common comorbidity in heart failure (HF) patients and is classically associated with acceleration in the rate of HF progression. The precise mechanism for this interaction is unclear, but comprises "bidirectional" aspects in which AF promotes HF and HF also increases the likelihood of AF. ... |
7,688 | Sub-clinical vascular disease in type 2 diabetic subjects: relationship with chronic complications of diabetes and the presence of cardiovascular disease risk factors. | We evaluated the association between a low ankle-brachial index (ABI), chronic complications of diabetes, and the presence of traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors in subjects with type 2 diabetes but without known cardiovascular disease.</AbstractText>We included diabetic subjects (n=923; 52% male; age range... |
7,689 | Early repolarization syndrome and Brugada syndrome: is there any linkage? | Early repolarization syndrome (ERS) is characterized by the presence, in most cases in mid-to-lateral precordial leads, of a J wave on the downsloping portion of the QRS complex, followed by an elevation of the ST-segment with upward concavity. ERS is considered a benign electrocardiographic pattern of ventricular repo... |
7,690 | Administration of the Rho-kinase inhibitor fasudil before ischemia or just after reperfusion, but not 30 min after reperfusion, protects the stunned myocardium in swine. | We assessed the effect of administration time for fasudil treatment of the stunned myocardium in 40 anesthetized open chest swine.</AbstractText>All swine were subjected to 12 min ischemia followed by reperfusion to generate stunned myocardium. Group A (n = 11) received saline in place of fasudil both before ischemia a... |
7,691 | Cardiac fibrillation: from ion channels to rotors in the human heart. | Recent new information on the dynamics and molecular mechanisms of electrical rotors and spiral waves has increased our understanding of both atrial fibrillation and ventricular fibrillation. In this brief review, we evaluate the available evidence for the separate roles played by individual sarcolemmal ion channels in... |
7,692 | Arrhythmias in cardiac catheterization laboratories. | Several kinds of arrhythmias, such as ventricular arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation, bradycardias and conduction disturbances can occur in cardiac catheterization laboratories. The patients' characteristics, the type of procedure, the features of the target vessel and the type of lesion play important roles in the occur... |
7,693 | Predicting defibrillation success. | Ventricular fibrillation is the primary rhythm in many cardiac arrest patients. Since the late 1980s, the surface electrocardiogram of ventricular fibrillation has been subjected to analysis to obtain reliable information about the likelihood of successful countershock and to estimate the duration of cardiac arrest. Co... |
7,694 | Thrombolysis and other drugs during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. | No specific drug therapy has been shown to improve long-term survival after cardiac arrest, and only few drugs have a proven benefit for short-term survival. This study reviews recent studies on drugs during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.</AbstractText>Epinephrine is the first-line vasopressor during cardiopulmonary re... |
7,695 | Atrial vs. dual-chamber cardiac pacing in sinus node disease: a register-based cohort study. | In patients with sinus node disease, dual-chamber pacing (DDD) possibly results in adverse effects on the ventricular function. We have compared the incidence of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with sinus node disease and with atrioventricular (AV) synchronous pacemakers, DDD vs. atrial pacing (AAI).... |
7,696 | Improvement of left atrial function is associated with lower incidence of atrial fibrillation and mortality after cardiac resynchronization therapy. | Left atrial (LA) volume is a predictor of cardiovascular events in patients with heart failure. Improvement of LA function and reverse remodeling was observed after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT).</AbstractText>The purpose of this study was to explore the clinical significance of improvement in LA function aft... |
7,697 | Advances in mechanisms of atrial fibrillation: structural remodeling, high-frequency fractionated electrograms, and reentrant AF drivers. | The mechanisms to explain atrial fibrillation (AF) have been widely debated. Although contemporary experimental techniques have provided more insight, hypotheses regarding AF propagation conceived in the early half of the century remain minimally altered and relevant today. Modern mapping technologies have implicated m... |
7,698 | Sodium channel β1 subunit mutations associated with Brugada syndrome and cardiac conduction disease in humans. | Brugada syndrome is a genetic disease associated with sudden cardiac death that is characterized by ventricular fibrillation and right precordial ST segment elevation on ECG. Loss-of-function mutations in SCN5A, which encodes the predominant cardiac sodium channel alpha subunit NaV1.5, can cause Brugada syndrome and ca... |
7,699 | Acute renal failure, gastrointestinal bleeding, and cardiac arrhythmia after administration of arsenic trioxide for acute promyelocytic leukemia. | The case of a patient who developed acute renal failure, gastrointestinal bleeding, and cardiac arrhythmia after receiving arsenic trioxide for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is described.</AbstractText>An 84-year-old Caucasian woman with a history of osteoarthritis sought medical attention for rel... |
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