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9,300 | Effectiveness and long-term outcome of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in paediatric intensive care units in Spain. | To analyse the immediate effectiveness of resuscitation and long-term outcome of children who suffered a cardiorespiratory arrest when admitted to paediatric intensive care units (PICU).</AbstractText>Secondary analysis of data from an 18-month prospective, multicentre study analysing cardiorespiratory arrest in childr... |
9,301 | [Modern pharmacotherapy of supraventricular and ventricular cardiac arrhythmia. An update for conventional therapy]. | Currently the pharmacological approach still represents the mainstay in the acute phase of arrhythmia management as well as in the chronic treatment phase of specific entities such as atrial fibrillation. However, non-pharmacological options have recently emerged as frequently used first-line tools for the treatment of... |
9,302 | [Prevention of sudden cardiac death]. | The problem of sudden cardiac death (SCD) is complex and many questions concerning the pathophysiologic mechanism are still unanswered. At present the only reliable way of recognizing high risk patients is by means of left ventricular dysfunction, measured as LV-EF<or=35%. The positive predictive accuracy for other ... |
9,303 | Microvascular blood flow during cardiopulmonary resuscitation is predictive of outcome. | There is growing evidence that microcirculatory blood flow is the ultimate determinant of the outcome in circulatory shock states. We therefore examined changes in the microcirculation accompanying the most severe form of circulatory failure, namely cardiac arrest and the effects of subsequent cardiopulmonary resuscita... |
9,304 | Outcome of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a 2300-bed hospital in a developing country. | To evaluate the outcome and quality of in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and factors affecting the outcome.</AbstractText>A 2300-bed university hospital in Thailand.</AbstractText>A 1-year prospective audit according to the Utstein style.</AbstractText>A total of 639 cardiac arrests (370 male, 269 female... |
9,305 | A randomized controlled trial of efficacy and ST change following use of the Welch-Allyn MRL PIC biphasic waveform versus damped sine monophasic waveform for external DC cardioversion. | Biphasic waveforms have similar or greater efficacy at cardioverting atrial and ventricular arrhythmias at lower energy levels than monophasic waveforms, and cause less ST depression following defibrillation of ventricular fibrillation. No studies have investigated this effect on ST change with atrial arrhythmias. We s... |
9,306 | Colon ischaemia and necrosis as a complication of prolonged but successful CPR. | Survival after prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is often associated with neurological and other sequelae. We describe a patient who survived prolonged cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation neurologically intact but suffered colon ischaemia and necrosis in the post-resuscitation period. Subtotal co... |
9,307 | Adenosine A1 receptor antagonism hastens the decay in ventricular fibrillation waveform morphology during porcine cardiac arrest. | Endogenous adenosine (ADO) is known to be cardioprotective during acute myocardial ischemia. Coronary sinus ADO concentration has recently been shown to increase nearly 13-fold over baseline levels after 5 min of untreated ventricular fibrillation (VF). The role of ADO in VF has never been previously examined. The obje... |
9,308 | Predictors of stroke in high-risk patients after acute myocardial infarction: insights from the VALIANT Trial. | We sought to determine risk models for predicting early and late stroke in a large cohort of high-risk post-myocardial infarction (MI) patients.</AbstractText>We prospectively analysed data from 14 703 patients in the VALIANT trial with acute MI complicated by heart failure, left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction, ... |
9,309 | Terminal arrhythmia in a patient with Mustard's operation. | In spite of significant improvements in outcome, adults surviving the Mustard procedure continue to be at risk of premature death, cardiac failure, and arrhythmias. Primary ventricular fibrillation as a cause of sudden death in these patients may not be uncommon, and implantation of a defibrillator should be considered... |
9,310 | [Effect of landiolol on heart rate control of atrial fibrillation in a patient with sick sinus syndrome under ventricular pacing]. | A 62-year-old man with an ventricular pacemaker for sick sinus syndrome received right shoulder arthroplasty. During the intraoperative discrepancy between heart rate and pulse rate, continuous infusion of low dose landiolol was useful to control his heart rate of atrial fibrillation. |
9,311 | Effects of compression depth and pre-shock pauses predict defibrillation failure during cardiac arrest. | Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and electrical defibrillation are the primary treatment options for ventricular fibrillation (VF). While recent studies have shown that providing CPR prior to defibrillation may improve outcomes, the effects of CPR quality remain unclear. Specifically, the clinical effects of compres... |
9,312 | Ventricular fibrillation in a patient with prominent j wave in the inferior and lateral electrocardiographic leads after gastrostomy. | We describe the case of a 39-year-old man who experienced a ventricular fibrillation storm related to a prominent J wave in the inferior and lateral electrocardiographic leads on the day after gastrostomy. The J wave slowly decreased after amiodarone therapy (400 mg/day) was started, and ventricular fibrillation disapp... |
9,313 | Spontaneous polymorphic ventricular tachycardia after administration of pilsicainide in a patient resuscitated from ventricular fibrillation. | We performed a pilsicainide challenge test in a 38-year-old man who was resuscitated from ventricular fibrillation without apparent baseline electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormality. His father had a history of ventricular fibrillation and his brother had multiple episodes of syncope. Pilsicainide (1 mg/kg) induced short co... |
9,314 | The renin-angiotensin system: a therapeutic target in atrial fibrillation. | There is growing evidence to suggest a role for the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF). Experimental animal data suggest RAS-dependent mechanisms for the development of a structural and electrophysiologic substrate for AF. This is consistent with clinical data demonstrating t... |
9,315 | Pulmonary vein vestibule ablation for the control of atrial fibrillation in patients with impaired left ventricular function. | Congestive heart failure (CHF) and atrial fibrillation (AF) are frequently linked, and when associated produce additive deleterious effects. In this prospective study, the effects of catheter ablation for AF in patients with impaired left ventricular (LV) function are presented.</AbstractText>Baseline data and clinical... |
9,316 | Influence of drive cycle length on initiation of ventricular fibrillation during implantable cardioverter defibrillator threshold testing. | Programmed electrical stimulation of the heart as a method to induce tachyarrhythmias has been described since the 1960s. To date, no study has examined optimal drive cycle length in the induction of ventricular fibrillation (VF) during defibrillation threshold testing after implantable cardioverter-defibrillator place... |
9,317 | Persistent atrial fibrillation as a prognostic factor of outcome in patients with advanced heart failure. | Chronic heart failure (CHF) is associated with high morbidity and mortality and is diagnosed more and more frequently. Fifteen to 30% of patients with systolic CHF develop atrial fibrillation (AF).</AbstractText>To establish whether persistent AF was an independent predictor of mortality, and had a predictive value wit... |
9,318 | Cardiac arrhythmias and conduction disturbances in autoimmune rheumatic diseases. | Rhythm and conduction disturbances and sudden cardiac death (SCD) are important manifestations of cardiac involvement in autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs). In patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a major cause of SCD is atherosclerotic coronary artery disease, leading to acute coronary syndrome and ventricular a... |
9,319 | The progressive nature of atrial fibrillation: a rationale for early restoration and maintenance of sinus rhythm. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia, affecting young as well as elderly patients and presenting a major therapeutic challenge for clinical cardiologists. Recent research has elucidated the progressive nature of AF, including the structural and electrical remodelling that may become ... |
9,320 | Pathogenesis of cardiac conduction disorders in children genetic and histopathologic aspects. | Fetal dysrhythmias are usually transient. Abnormal fetal rates and rhythms during labor are "functional." Fetal dysrhythmias may be associated with congenital heart disease and fetal hydrops. Bradycardia is usually related to fetal distress; supraventricular tachycardia, atrial flutter, and atrial fibrillation may be a... |
9,321 | Therapeutic hypothermia for brain injury after cardiac arrest. | Morbidity and mortality in patients successfully resuscitated from cardiac arrest primarily depends on neurological outcome. Clinical trials of therapies directed toward reducing the extent of neuronal damage by means of pharmacological agents have been disappointing. To date, the only clinically effective tool for ame... |
9,322 | [Ventricular tachycardia. Diagnostic spectrum and therapeutic measures]. | The origin of ventricular tachycardia lies in the ventricular tissue and includes a variety of symptoms such as monomorphic and polymorphic ventricular tachyarrhythmia (VT), ventricular flutter and ventricular fibrillation. Due to transitions of one form of VT to another, any form of VT incurs in principal the risk of ... |
9,323 | Raised plasma aldosterone and natriuretic peptides in atrial fibrillation. | During atrial fibrillation (AF), the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) may be activated. In this study, our aim was to evaluate at a long-term follow-up visit the levels of plasma aldosterone and natriuretic peptides as markers of neurohormonal remodeling in patients with earlier, documented AF in relation to... |
9,324 | Regression of electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy and decreased incidence of new-onset atrial fibrillation in patients with hypertension. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with increased risk of mortality and cardiovascular events, particularly stroke, making prevention of new-onset AF a clinical priority. Although the presence and severity of electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) appear to predict development of AF, whether regres... |
9,325 | Effects of chronic trimetazidine treatment on myocardial preconditioning in anesthetized rats. | Trimetazidine is a widely used anti-ischemic agent, but effects of its chronic treatment on myocardial preconditioning in anesthetized animals have not been investigated. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of 15-day treatment of trimetazidine on ischemic preconditioning and carbachol-induced preconditioni... |
9,326 | Acute myocardial infarction in a young adult: a case report and literature review. | Sudden cardiac death related to sports in young patients can have many causes. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, congenital coronary abnormalities, and myocarditis make up about half of the causes of sudden cardiac death after sports. Screening for all athletes is important to prevent such episodes. This involves yearly exa... |
9,327 | Heart disease and aging. | CAD is the most common cause of death in older persons and was present in 43% of 1,160 men and in 41% of 2,464 women, mean age 81 years. Hypertension was present in 60% of these older women and in 57% of these older men. The prevalence of valvular aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation, mitral regurgitation, and MAC inc... |
9,328 | CPU86017: a novel Class III antiarrhythmic agent with multiple actions at ion channels. | CPU86017 is a novel Class III antiarrhythmic agent derived from berberine and with an improved pharmacological profile, solubility and bioavailability. It is active in suppressing arrhythmias in several animal models. The ED(50) of CPU86017 for suppressing ischemia/reperfusion arrhythmias in rats was 0.22 mg/kg against... |
9,329 | Effect of electroacupuncture on reperfusion ventricular arrhythmia in rat. | Protective effect and mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) on acute reperfusion ventricular arrhthmia was investigated. Ventricular arrhythmia was induced by occlusion of the proximal left anterior descend (LAD) branch of coronary artery for 5 min and followed with 15 min reperfusion. EA on acupoint "Neiguan", "Jianshi... |
9,330 | Tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy: reversible heart failure with favorable outcome in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. Case report. | In patients with intracerebal hemorrhage, cardiac dysfunction is a common phenomenon. Tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy is characterized by complete reversibility and therefore may constitute an entity with a favorable outcome. In this case report the authors describe a previously healthy 23-year-old man with no history of car... |
9,331 | Assessment of factors affecting plasma BNP levels in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation and preserved left ventricular systolic function. | Several studies have reported that plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels are increased in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation (AF). The objective of this study was to assess the factors influencing plasma BNP levels in patients with chronic AF and preserved left ventricular (LV) systolic function.</Abstra... |
9,332 | Enteroviral infections in children with malignant disease: a 5-year study in a single institution. | The clinical presentation, severity and outcome of enteroviral infections in children with malignancy were studied.</AbstractText>All cases of enteroviral infections in a University Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit were assessed, during a 5-year period. RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and indirect immunofluorescence ass... |
9,333 | Postmortem redistribution of two antipsychotic drugs, haloperidol and thioridazine, in the rat. | Antipsychotic drugs may be associated with arrhythmia, ventricular fibrillation, or torsades de pointes, which can result in sudden death. These drugs could therefore be found in postmortem toxicological analyses of autopsy specimens following unexplained sudden death. The drug concentrations in tissues and body fluids... |
9,334 | Myocardial dysfunction in polymyositis. | Myocardial involvement in polymyositis is occasionally suspected, but symptomatic cardiac dysfunction is rarely reported. Described in the present report is a 48-year-old woman with a two-year history of polymyositis who suddenly developed near fatal ventricular arrhythmia, and a 56-year-old man with a relapsing polymy... |
9,335 | Is there a role for antiarrhythmic drugs in patients with implantable defibrillators? | With remarkable advancement in technology and clinical research, implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) have replaced antiarrhythmic drugs as the preferred modality for both primary and secondary prevention of arrhythmic deaths. However, concomitant use of antiarrhythmics in patients with ICDs remains common, o... |
9,336 | Amiodarone: a multifaceted antiarrhythmic drug. | Synthesized as an antianginal compound 40 years ago, amiodarone has emerged as a uniquely effective antiarrhythmic compound in recent years. It has numerous properties, the most prominent being the ability to lengthen repolarization in the atria and ventricles associated with bradycardia without the significant potenti... |
9,337 | Cardiac resynchronization therapy: role of patient selection. | Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is a well-accepted and effective therapy for treating patients with a wide QRS complex, significant left ventricular systolic dysfunction, and symptoms of advanced heart failure. However, approximately 25% to 30% of patients fail to respond to this therapy. Most large studies hav... |
9,338 | New indications for implantable defibrillator therapy. | Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy has been extensively evaluated in patients at high risk of sudden cardiac death. Most recently, the Sudden Cardiac Death in Heart Failure Trial found that patients with moderate symptoms of congestive heart failure, whether due to an ischemic or a nonischemic cause, ... |
9,339 | Applications, complications, and outcomes of transvenous pacemaker implantation in 105 dogs (1997-2002). | We reviewed the indications for age and breeds of dogs who received transvenous endocardial artificial pacemaker (AP) implantation (n = 105) and complications and survival thereafter at a single institution over a 6-year period. A third-degree atrioventricular (AV) block (59%) and sick sinus syndrome (SSS; 27%) were th... |
9,340 | How sudden is sudden cardiac death? | Out-of-hospital sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a frequent cause of death. Survival rates remain low despite increasing efforts in medical care. Better understanding of the circumstances of SCD could be helpful in developing preventive measures and facilitating proper reactions to such a pending event.</AbstractText>Info... |
9,341 | Risk factors for primary ventricular fibrillation during acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | To evaluate potential risk factors for primary ventricular fibrillation (PVF) during acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by a systematic review and meta-analyses.</AbstractText>We searched PubMed for English articles on 'humans' published between 1964 and January 2006 using a validated combination of MESH terms. Twenty-o... |
9,342 | A prospective study on spontaneous fluctuations between diagnostic and non-diagnostic ECGs in Brugada syndrome: implications for correct phenotyping and risk stratification. | Fluctuations between the diagnostic ECG pattern and non-diagnostic ECGs in patients with Brugada syndrome are known, but systematic studies are lacking. The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate the spontaneous ECG changes between diagnostic and non-diagnostic ECG patterns in patients diagnosed with Bruga... |
9,343 | The diagnostic utility of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide for the detection of major structural heart disease in patients with atrial fibrillation. | To assess the role of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in the diagnosis of major structural heart disease (MSHD) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) compared with those with sinus rhythm (SR) using receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis. NT-proBNP is elevated in MSHD and heart failur... |
9,344 | [Predictors of in-hospital lethality in patients with advanced heart failure]. | Describe the clinical characteristics and identify potential risk factors for in-hospital lethality in patients with decompensated heart failure admitted to an intensive care unit.</AbstractText>Decompensated heart failure patients consecutively admitted to an intensive care unit between June 2001 and December 2003 wer... |
9,345 | Prognostic value of preoperative atrial fibrillation in patients with aortic stenosis and low ejection fraction having aortic valve replacement. | Aortic valve replacement in severe aortic stenosis (AS) with a low left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) is associated with high perioperative mortality. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic value of preoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with AS and low EFs who undergo aortic valve replaceme... |
9,346 | Ventricular fibrillation induced by stretch pulse: implications for sudden death due to commotio cordis. | Nonpenetrating chest wall impact (commotio cordis) may lead to sudden cardiac death due to the acute initiation of ventricular fibrillation (VF). VF may result from sudden stretch during a vulnerable window, which is determined by repolarization inhomogeneity.</AbstractText>We examined action potential morphologies and... |
9,347 | [The use of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD) in children and adolescents]. | The compelling safety and efficacy data in numerous large, blinded trials on adult patients, and the progress in device- and leadtechnology have led to increasing use of implantable cardioverter defibrillators in pediatric patients. The purpose of our study was to assess the efficacy and safety of ICD in the pediatric ... |
9,348 | Are elderly patients with suspected HF misdiagnosed? A primary health care center study. | Few studies are published on heart failure patients in primary health care, in elderly in advanced age.</AbstractText>The purpose of this study was to examine the accuracy of the diagnosis of heart failure in all men and women with focus on age and gender.</AbstractText>The patients were recruited from one selected pri... |
9,349 | Atrial fibrillation after percutaneous coronary intervention: predictive importance of clinical, angiographic features and P-wave dispersion. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) may occur during or after percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). The purpose of the study was to determine the clinical, angiographic and electrophysiological predictors of AF after PCI. 225 patients undergoing PCI (mean age of 65 +/- 11 years) who had sinus rhythm (SR) before balloon infla... |
9,350 | Acute therapy of maternal and fetal arrhythmias during pregnancy. | Atrial premature beats are frequently diagnosed during pregnancy. Supraventricular tachycardia (atrial tachycardia, atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia, circus movement tachycardia) is diagnosed less frequently. For acute therapy, electrical cardioversion with 50 to 100 J is indicated in all unstable patients.... |
9,351 | Rewarming rates in urban patients with hypothermia: prediction of underlying infection. | In the urban setting, hypothermia is commonly associated with illness or intoxication, with death often secondary to infection.</AbstractText>To evaluate factors that affect the rewarming rate (RWR) and the ability of the RWR and other clinical markers to predict the presence or absence of underlying infection in an ad... |
9,352 | Genetic and biophysical basis for bupivacaine-induced ST segment elevation and VT/VF. Anesthesia unmasked Brugada syndrome. | Brugada syndrome is an inherited disease associated with sudden cardiac death. The electrocardiographic pattern associated with Brugada syndrome has been linked to the use of sodium channel blockers, including antiarrhythmics, trycyclics and anesthetics.</AbstractText>We report a case of bupivacaine-induced Brugada syn... |
9,353 | Elevated defibrillation thresholds in patients undergoing biventricular defibrillator implantation: incidence and predictors. | The biventricular implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is an important therapy for select patients with severe heart failure. Given reported risk factors for elevated defibrillation thresholds (DFTs), patients undergoing biventricular ICD placement would be suspected of having a higher incidence of elevated DFT... |
9,354 | Protective role of protein kinase C epsilon activation in ischemia-reperfusion arrhythmia. | Ischemic heart disease carries an increased risk of malignant ventricular tachycardia (VT), fibrillation (VF), and sudden cardiac death. Protein kinase C (PKC) epsilon activation has been shown to improve the hemodynamics in hearts subjected to ischemia/reperfusion. However, very little is known about the role of epsil... |
9,355 | Endothelin receptors, localized in sympathetic nerve terminals of the heart, modulate norepinephrine release and reperfusion arrhythmias. | Endothelin (ET)-1 is an endogenous vasoconstrictor which modulates norepinephrine (NE) release in myocardial ischemia reperfusion. Recent studies have demonstrated the pro- or anti-arrhythmic effects in reperfusion. The present studies were undertaken to test the hypothesis that ET receptors located in sympathetic nerv... |
9,356 | [Coronary embolism with apical ballooning complicating electrical cardioversion--is it part of the apical ballooning syndrome? Case report and review of the literature]. | A case of thromboembolic left anterior descending artery occlusion following electrical cardioversion for atrial fibrillation is described. A 66-year-old female patient presenting with exertional angina pectoris and atrial fibrillation was subjected to coronary angiography, ventriculography and transesophageal echocard... |
9,357 | Atrial fibrillation and pacing algorithms. | Pacing prevention algorithms have been introduced in order to maximize the benefits of atrial pacing in atrial fibrillation prevention. It has been demonstrated that algorithms actually keep overdrive atrial pacing, reduce atrial premature contractions, and prevent short-long atrial cycle phenomenon, with good patient ... |
9,358 | Pacemaker prevention therapy in drug-refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: reliability of diagnostics and effectiveness of prevention pacing therapy in Vitatron selection device. | Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common and rising disorder of cardiac rhythm, is quite difficult to control and/or to treat. Non pharmacological therapies for AF may involve the use of dedicated pacing algorithms to detect and prevent atrial arrhythmia that could be a trigger for AF onset. Selection 900E/AF2.0 Vitat... |
9,359 | Andersen-Tawil syndrome. | Andersen-Tawil syndrome (ATS) is a rare condition consisting of ventricular arrhythmias, periodic paralysis, and dysmorphic features. In 2001, mutations in KCNJ2, which encodes the a subunit of the potassium channel Kir2.1, were identified in patients with ATS. To date, KCNJ2 is the only gene implicated in ATS, account... |
9,360 | Brain tissue oxygen pressure and cerebral metabolism in an animal model of cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. | Direct measurement of brain tissue oxygenation (PbtO2) is established during spontaneous circulation, but values of PbtO2 during and after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) are unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate: (1) the time-course of PbtO2 in an established model of CPR, and (2) the changes of ce... |
9,361 | Short QT syndrome: a case report and review of literature. | The short QT syndrome has been recently recognised as a genetic ion channel dysfunction. This new clinical entity is associated with an incidence of sudden cardiac death, syncope, and atrial fibrillation in otherwise healthy individuals. The distinctive ECG pattern consists of an abnormally short QT interval, a short o... |
9,362 | Increasing first responder CPR during resuscitation of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest using automated external defibrillators. | Evidence supports that increasing the balance of "hands-on" CPR may improve survival in ventricular fibrillation out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). We assessed whether training and/or AED reconfiguration was associated with an increase in the proportion of time during which CPR was performed between first and secon... |
9,363 | Greater antiarrhythmic activity of acute 17beta-estradiol in female than male anaesthetized rats: correlation with Ca2+ channel blockade. | Female sex hormones may protect pre-menopausal women from sudden cardiac death. We therefore investigated the effects of the main female sex hormone, 17beta-estradiol, on ischaemia-induced cardiac arrhythmias and on the L-type Ca2+ current (ICaL).</AbstractText>In vivo experiments were performed in pentobarbital-anaest... |
9,364 | Sex hormones and arrhythmia in myocardial ischemia. | The mechanisms by which gender affects cardiac electrophysiological parameters and alters the predisposition to certain arrhythmias are not well understood, although differences in the expression and function of ion channels and in the activation of the autonomic nervous system may contribute. In their study Philp and ... |
9,365 | Familial sudden death is an important risk factor for primary ventricular fibrillation: a case-control study in acute myocardial infarction patients. | Primary ventricular fibrillation (VF) accounts for the majority of deaths during the acute phase of myocardial infarction. Identification of patients at risk for primary VF remains very poor.</AbstractText>We performed a case-control study in patients with a first ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) to identify ... |
9,366 | Cardiac effects of ST-6, a novel cyclohexane dicarboximide derivative. | Na(+) channel blockade is thought to be involved in the cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion injury. We synthesized various cyclohexane dicarboximides and examined their cardioprotective actions. Some of these derivatives had local anesthetic action and were capable of enhancing post-hypoxic contractile recove... |
9,367 | Cardiac resynchronisation therapy for heart failure. | Cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) reduces symptoms and improves left ventricular function in chronic heart failure (CHF) patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction and prolonged QRS duration. Recent studies have demonstrated a reduction in mortality associated with CRT. When combined with an implantable ... |
9,368 | Assessment of rhythm and rate control in patients with atrial fibrillation. | A recent series of randomized prospective clinical trials that compared rate control with rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) found no significant difference in primary outcome between the two strategies. However, these trials lacked clear criteria for defining "successful" rate or rhythm control. ... |
9,369 | Dronedarone: an emerging agent with rhythm- and rate-controlling effects. | Of current antiarrhythmic agents, amiodarone is among the most effective with the additional advantage of having little proarrhythmic potential. However, it can cause potentially serious extracardiac side effects, stimulating the search for safer derivatives. Dronedarone, a new antiarrhythmic drug that is structurally ... |
9,370 | The future of atrial fibrillation therapy. | Today management of atrial fibrillation (AF) centers on restoration and maintenance of normal sinus rhythm or control of the ventricular rate response to AF. Current guidelines state that rhythm and rate control strategies should be considered therapeutically equivalent, but recognize that no "one size fits all," an ap... |
9,371 | The natural biochemical changes during ventricular fibrillation with cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the onset of postdefibrillation pulseless electrical activity. | The objective of this study was to document the biochemical changes during ventricular fibrillation (VF) with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and to identify factors associated with postdefibrillation pulseless electrical activity (PD-PEA).</AbstractText>It has been reliably estimated that as much as 60% of out-of... |
9,372 | [Early defibrillation in the community: breaking barriers to save lives]. | It is considered that in Spain, every year, we have more than 24,500 out-of-hospital cardiac arrests. Around 85% of these are secondary to ventricular fibrillation, with possibility of reversion in more than 90% if defibrillation is performed in the first minute of arrhythmia. However, if we delay this defibrillation, ... |
9,373 | Cardiac resynchronisation therapy in heart failure: current status. | Cardiac resynchronization in heart failure already has a history of 12 years. However, the major advances have been the result of large multi center trials dating from 2001. In all these trials patients with a LVEF < or = 35% were included, and a QRS above 120 msec. Follow up was from 3-36 months. The majority of th... |
9,374 | Nifekalant hydrochloride administration during cardiopulmonary resuscitation improves the transmural dispersion of myocardial repolarization: experimental study in a canine model of cardiopulmonary arrest. | Because nifekalant hydrochloride (NIF) displayed a superior defibrillating effect on ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation (VT/VF) in cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) patients, despite some QT prolongation, its effect on transmural dispersion of repolarization (TDR) in the left ventricle (LV) in an animal model of CPA was i... |
9,375 | Long-term outcome of implanted cardioverter defibrillators in survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest of cardiac origin. | Little is known about the long-term outcome of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy in survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).</AbstractText>The frequency of lethal ventricular arrhythmias and whether ICD implantation can prevent recurrence of cardiac arrest were examined. Long-term (24.4+/-... |
9,376 | Mechanisms of destabilization and early termination of spiral wave reentry in the ventricle by a class III antiarrhythmic agent, nifekalant. | Nifekalant (NF) is a novel class III antiarrhythmic agent that is effective in preventing life-threatening ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation (VT/VF). We investigated mechanisms of destabilization and early termination of spiral-type reentrant VT by NF in a two-dimensional subepicardial myocardial layer of Langendorf... |
9,377 | Sudden cardiac death: the lost fatty acid hypothesis. | Evidence that an excess of plasma free fatty acids (FFA) might lead to primary ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac death has hardened over the 36 years since the hypothesis was proposed. When the sympathetic nervous system is stimulated during the onset of an acute coronary syndrome, catecholamine-induced tissu... |
9,378 | Nonlinear organization of electrocardiogram and optical signals during ventricular fibrillation. | Although sympathetic activation may induce ventricular fibrillation (VF), little is known about how the autonomic nervous system influences its nonlinear organization. This study tested the hypothesis that autonomic receptor activation altered the nonlinear organization of VF.</AbstractText>Isolated rabbit hearts under... |
9,379 | Electrocardiogram interpretation and class I blocker challenge in Brugada syndrome. | Brugada syndrome is characterized by the presence of an electrocardiographic pattern of ST-segment elevation in leads V1 to V3 and a history of sudden cardiac death in the absence of structural heart disease [Brugada P, Brugada J. Right bundle branch block, persistent ST segment elevation and sudden cardiac death: a di... |
9,380 | Database testing of a subcutaneous monitor with wireless alarm. | We have tested the accuracy of detection of cardiac arrest in a cardiac event recorder that has the 4x4 cm sensor implanted, the recorder external, and the two connected by wireless. Storage and transmission is activated by the patient when symptoms are present or automatically when cardiac arrest is detected, in which... |
9,381 | Surgery Insight: surgical methods to reverse left ventricular remodeling. | The management of patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) is challenging and the mortality with medical therapy alone is high. Left ventricular dilatation represents one of the strongest predictors of mortality in CHF, and a variety of surgical interventions have been proposed over the years to reverse ventricular... |
9,382 | Noninvasive risk stratification prevents sudden death due to paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. | Sudden death is a tragic complication of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. We report the case of a young patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in whom an episode of atrial fibrillation triggered ventricular fibrillation and cardiac arrest. A 21-year-old man with nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy underwent cardio... |
9,383 | Successful reoperation after 17 years in a case of endomyocardial fibrosis. | Endomyocardial fibrosis is an uncommon cause of congestive cardiac failure characterized by severe diffuse thickening of the endocardium, and the overall long-term prognosis of this disease is generally considered poor. We report a case of endomyocardial fibrosis that was initially treated by endocardial resection and ... |
9,384 | "Initial, continuous and intermittent bolus" administration of minimally-diluted blood cardioplegia supplemented with potassium and magnesium for hypertrophied hearts. | Hypertrophied hearts are subject to the deleterious effects of intraoperative ischemia-reperfusion, and stable maintenance of myocardial cardioplegic arrest is essential. Continuous cardioplegia infusion appears an ideal modification to overcome this issue, except for a large amount of crystalloid solution infused into... |
9,385 | The role of automated external defibrillators in dental practice. | Dental practices are seeing an increasing number of elderly and medically compromised patients, making it likely that staff will be called upon to respond to medical emergencies in the office, including cardiac arrest. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrests account for nearly half of all cardiovascular deaths in the United St... |
9,386 | Pregnancy outcomes after atrial repair for transposition of the great arteries. | Increasingly, women born with complete transposition of the great arteries who have undergone atrial repair by either the Senning or the Mustard procedure are reaching childbearing age. This study reports on pregnancy outcomes after the atrial repair of transposition of the great arteries. Record review and standardize... |
9,387 | Characteristics of ventricular tachyarrhythmias occurring in ischemic versus nonischemic patients implanted with a biventricular cardioverter-defibrillator for primary or secondary prevention of sudden death. | The InSync ICD Registry evaluated patients indicated for cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillation.</AbstractText>Cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillation systems are prescribed for both primary and secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death in patients with heart failure with both ischemic a... |
9,388 | RAte Control Efficacy in permanent atrial fibrillation: a comparison between lenient versus strict rate control in patients with and without heart failure. Background, aims, and design of RACE II. | Recent studies demonstrated that rate control is an acceptable alternative for rhythm control in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). However, optimal heart rate during AF is still unknown.</AbstractText>To show that in patients with permanent AF, lenient rate control is not inferior to strict rate contro... |
9,389 | Implant of a biventricular pacemaker in a patient with dextrocardia and persistent left superior vena cava. | Congenital anomalies of the heart can pose challenges to cardiac invasive procedures. Here, we present the case of a 40-year-old man with the combination of dextrocardia, a persistent left superior vena cava, and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. We describe the successful implantation of a biventricular pacemaker-def... |
9,390 | Avoidance of electromagnetic interference to implantable cardiovertor-defibrillator during atrioventricular node ablation for atrial fibrillation using transvenous cryoablation. | Transient or permanent malfunction of implantable device may result from electromagnetic interference during delivery of radiofrequency energy for treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. Therefore, there is a clinical need for an alternative energy source for cardiac arrhythmia ablation in patients with implantable device. T... |
9,391 | Present understanding of shock polarity for internal defibrillation: the obvious and non-obvious clinical implications. | Uncertainty about the best electrode configuration has combined with the programming flexibility in modern implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) to result in routine polarity reversal during an implant to deal with a high defibrillation threshold (DFT). We feel that this practice is not always supported by the... |
9,392 | Role of rate control and regularization through pacing in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation and preserved ventricular function: the VRR study. | High heart rates in chronic atrial fibrillation (CAF) is one of the factors responsible for hemodynamic alterations and may lead to tachycardiomyopathies. The ventricular rate regulation (VRR) study evaluates the effect of ventricular rate regularization in CAF patients with preserved ventricular function, marked ventr... |
9,393 | Inappropriate ICD therapy: does device configuration make a difference. | Inappropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy (IT) is a common complication in patients with ICD. IT is commonly triggered by supraventricular tachycardias (SVT). Dual chamber ICDs (D-ICDs) may distinguish SVT from ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation better than single chamber ICDs (S-... |
9,394 | Omega-3 fatty acids and hypertension in humans. | 1. Population studies and clinical trials provide compelling evidence that omega-3 (omega3) fatty acids have cardioprotective effects. The strongest evidence is from DART and GISSI-P, two secondary prevention trials in patients with previous myocardial infarctions. Data from these trials support a reduction in ventricu... |
9,395 | Nupafant, a PAF-antagonist prototype for suppression of ventricular fibrillation without liability for QT prolongation? | PAF antagonists inhibit ischaemia-induced ventricular fibrillation (VF) in animals. However, unfavourable ancillary actions (on QT interval and coronary flow) have been reported with the PAF antagonist, BN-50739. If these are class actions, they would preclude development of PAF antagonists as novel anti-VF drugs. Our ... |
9,396 | Brief sympathetic activation precedes the development of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation in hibernating myocardium. | Hibernating myocardium develops inhomogeneity in myocardial sympathetic innervation with spontaneous sudden cardiac death (SCD) because of ventricular fibrillation (VF). The triggers and prodromal arrhythmias initiating SCD in this substrate are unknown.</AbstractText>Swine chronically instrumented with a proximal left... |
9,397 | Antiarrhythmic effects of omega-3 fatty acids. | Fish oil, and omega-3 fatty acids in particular, have been found to reduce plasma levels of triglycerides and increase levels of high-density lipoprotein in patients with marked hypertriglyceridemia, and a pharmaceutical-grade preparation has recently received approval from the US Food and Drug Administration to market... |
9,398 | Effect of atrial fibrillation on plasma NT-proBNP in chronic heart failure. | Brain natriuretic peptides are elevated in patients with systolic heart failure (HF) as well as in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and are strong predictors of death in HF patients. The aim of our study was to examine the levels of N-terminal pro brain natriur... |
9,399 | Inappropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator discharges unrelated to supraventricular tachyarrhythmias. | The development of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) with QRS morphology discrimination and dual-chamber sensing capabilities has improved the differentiation of supraventricular from ventricular tachycardias (VTs). Inappropriate ICD discharges may result from extracardiac signals caused by electromagnetic... |
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