source stringlengths 31 207 | text stringlengths 12 1.5k |
|---|---|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petzval%20lens | The Petzval objective or Petzval lens is the first photographic portrait objective lens (with a 160 mm focal length) in the history of photography. It was developed by the Hungarian mathematics professor Joseph Petzval in 1840 in Vienna, with technical advice provided by . The Voigtländer company went on to build the first Petzval lens in 1840 on behalf of Petzval, whereupon it became known throughout Europe. Later, the optical instruments maker Carl Dietzler in Vienna also produced the Petzval lens.
History
The Voigtländer-Petzval objective lens was revolutionary and attracted the attention of the scientific world because it was the first mathematically calculated precision objective in the history of photography. Petzval's lens established two new features: firstly, it was faster compared to previous lenses, with a maximum aperture of 1:3.6. In comparison to Daguerre's daguerreotype camera lens of 1839, Petzval's design had 22 times the light-gathering capacity, which for the first time enabled portraits under favourable conditions with exposure times of less than a minute.
Additionally, Petzval calculated for the first time the composition of the lenses based on optical laws, whereas optics before had previously been ground and polished according to experience. For the calculations, 8 artillery gunners and 3 corporals were made available to Petzval by Archduke Louis of Austria (commander of the artillery), since the artillery was one of the few professions where mathema |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephan%20Bernsee | Stephan Bernsee (born 1971) is a digital signal processing applications developer from Germany.
Background
Bernsee is the founder of the audio software company Prosoniq and the principal developer of the sound synthesis technology used in the Hartmann Neuron series of synthesizers, the audio timescale-pitch modification technology behind Prosoniq TimeFactory, its popular vocoder OrangeVocoder and the sonicWORX Isolate application which does pattern detection to allow extracting, manipulating and suppressing individual notes and sounds within a song. He holds a couple of patents, including one for localizing audio in 3D space.
In 2011 he co-founded Zynaptiq, a Hannover-based startup company specializing in reverb removal, polyphonic pitch modification and automatic optimization of music tracks based on artificial intelligence.
References
1971 births
Living people
German computer programmers |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter%20L.%20Hurd | Peter L. Hurd is an academic specialising in biology. He is an Associate Professor aligned to the Department of Psychology's Biocognition Unit, and the University's Centre for Neuroscience at the University of Alberta. His research primarily focuses on the study of the evolution of aggressive behaviour, including investigation of aggression, communication and other social behaviour which takes place between animals with conflicting interests. Major tools for this research are mathematical modeling (principally game theory and genetic algorithms).
He is also interested in how the process of sexual differentiation produces individual differences in social behaviour.
Hurd conducted a study on digit ratios suggesting a positive correlation in males between aggressive tendency and the ratio of the lengths of the ring finger to his index finger. These gathered significant media attention, being reported on the BBC, in The New York Times, Discover Magazine, Scientific American Mind, National Geographic and on Jay Leno.
Research
Evolution of animal signalling
Some of Hurd's most cited papers deal with the evolution of mating displays, specifically the idea that sexually selected traits have evolved to exploit previously existing biases in the sensory, or recognition, systems of their receivers, rather than being handicapped displays Hurd has argued against the handicap principle view of animal communication, demonstrating the evolutionary stability of conventional (non-handicap) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark%20Buchanan | Mark Buchanan (born October 31, 1961, in Cleveland, Ohio) is an American outreach physicist and author. He was formerly an editor with the international journal of science Nature, and the popular science magazine New Scientist. He has been a guest columnist for the New York Times, and currently writes a monthly column for the journal Nature Physics.
Buchanan's books and articles typically explore ideas of modern physics, especially in quantum theory or condensed matter physics, with an emphasis on efforts to use novel concepts from physics to understand patterns and dynamics elsewhere, especially in biology or in the human social sciences. Key themes include, but are not limited to the (often overlooked) importance of spontaneous order or self-organization in collective, complex systems. All of his work aims to bring technical advances in modern science to a broad, non-technical audience, and to help stimulate the flow of ideas across disciplinary boundaries.
He has been awarded, in June 2009, the Lagrange Prize in Turin, regarding science writing in the field of complexity.
Books
Ubiquity: The Science of History… or Why the World is Simpler Than We Think (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London, 2000); short-listed for the Guardian First Book Award.
Nexus: Small Worlds and the New Science of Networks (W.W. Norton & Co, New York, 2002); short-listed for the Aventis Science Writing Prize in 2003.
The Social Atom (Bloomsbury Press, New York, 2007).
Forecast: What Physics, Meteorol |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan%20Ram%C3%B3n%20Lacadena | Juan Ramón Lacadena Calero (born 14 November 1934) is a Spanish agronomical engineer.
Lacadena was born at Zaragoza. He studied in the Escuela Especial de Ingenieros Agrónomos in Madrid. He has been collaborator in CSIC, professor of Genetics in the UCM, head of the Department of Genetics in the Universidad de La Laguna (1971) and in the UCM (1971–2005).
He collaborated in the Sociedad Española de Genética (Secretary, 1973–1985; President, 1985–1990).
He has made more than 100 papers and scientific monographs about chromosomal behaviour in cytogenetics and more than 80 publications about genetics and bioethics. He was a member in the Comisión Nacional de Reproducción Humana Asistida (1997) and in the International Society of Bioethics (1997).
Partial bibliography
Genética Vegetal. Fundamentos de su Aplicación (1970)
Genética (4ªed. 1988)
Problemas de Genética para un Curso General (1988)
Citogenética (1996)
Genética: Conceptos fundamentales (1999)
Genética y condición humana (1983)
La Genética: Una narrativa histórico-conceptual (1986)
Fe y Biología (2001)
Genética y Bioética (2002).
External links
CVRRICVLVM VITAE
1934 births
Living people
People from Zaragoza
Spanish engineers
Spanish geneticists
Academic staff of the University of La Laguna |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krikor%20Agopian | Krikor Agopian is a Canadian-Armenian painter.
Career
He studied commercial, fashion, industrial, and furniture design as a young adult while receiving his education in Canada. He was accepted to Concordia University as a candidate for a degree in electrical engineering thanks to his innovations. After a design course in his major, Agopian was offered an individual exhibition, a rare event for first-year students. On witnessing his work, his professor urged him to switch to fine arts.
Academic formation
Studio 5316, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Washington School of Fine Arts, Seattle, Washington, United States
Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Professor
Beirut School Of Fine Arts 1972–73, 1978–80
Lebanese Academy of Fine Arts 1977-81
Institute of Fine Arts, 1981-85 Kaslik
Prizes
Mention of honner, T.M.A, Beirut 1972
Prizes of Excellence, Makhoul, 1980
1st prize, Makhoul, 1981
National Competition of Visual Arts, Montreal, 1990
2nd Grand Prize, all categories
National Competition of Visual Arts, Montreal, 1991
2nd Grand Prize all categories
Nomination: Prize of Artistic Excellence Laval, 1991
National Competition of Visual Arts, Montreal, 1996
3 rd Grand Prize all categories
International Competition Visual Arts, Montreal, 1997
1st Prize Abstract.
International Visual Arts, Montreal, 1998
1st Trophy • Surrealism
Bibliography
Participated in numerous international radio and television programs.
Multiple works repro |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andhra%20Muslim%20College | Andhra Muslim College, founded in 1984, is located in Guntur City, India. It offers graduate and undergraduate courses. It is recognized by the Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur.
History
The city campus was established in 1984.
Departments
Courses: Bachelors in Arts, Science, Mathematics
References
External links
Colleges in Guntur
Educational institutions established in 1984
1984 establishments in Andhra Pradesh |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed%20multipole%20analysis | In computational chemistry, distributed multipole analysis (DMA) is a compact and accurate way of describing the spatial distribution of electric charge within a molecule.
Multipole expansion
The DMA method was devised by Prof. Anthony Stone of Cambridge University to describe the charge distribution of a molecule in terms of a multipole expansion around a number of centers. The idea of using a multi-center multipole expansion was earlier proposed by Robert Rein. Typically, the centers correspond to the atoms constituting the molecule, though this is not a requirement. A multipole series, consisting of a charge, dipole, quadrupole and higher terms is located at each center. Importantly, the radius of convergence of this multipole series is sufficiently small that the relevant series will be convergent when describing two molecules in van der Waals contact.
The DMA series are derived from ab initio or density functional theory calculations using Gaussian basis sets. If the molecular orbitals are written as linear combinations of atomic basis functions the electron density takes the form of a sum of products of the basis functions, called density matrix elements. Boys (1950) showed that the product of two spherical Gaussian functions, centered at different points, can be expressed as a single Gaussian at an intermediate point known as the overlap center.
If a basis of Gaussian functions is used, the product of two s functions is spherically symmetric and can be represented |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probabilistic%20bisimulation | In theoretical computer science, probabilistic bisimulation is an extension of the concept of bisimulation for fully probabilistic transition systems first described by K.G. Larsen and A. Skou.
A discrete probabilistic transition system is a triple
where gives the probability of starting in the state s, performing the action a and ending up in the state t. The set of states is assumed to be countable. There is no attempt to assign probabilities to actions. It is assumed that the actions are chosen nondeterministically by an adversary or by the environment. This type of system is fully probabilistic, there is no other indeterminacy.
The definition of a probabilistic bisimulation on a system S is an equivalence relation R on the state space St, such that for every pair s,t in St with sRt and for every action a in Act and for every equivalence class C of R
Two states are said to be probabilistically bisimilar if there is some such R relating them.
When applied to Markov chains, probabilistic bisimulation is the same concept as lumpability.
Probabilistic bisimulation extends naturally to weighted bisimulation.
References
Theoretical computer science |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larson%20%28surname%29 | Larson is a Scandinavian patronymic surname meaning "son of Lars". "Lars" is derived from the Roman name "Laurentius", which means "from Laurentum" or "crowned with laurel." There are various spellings. As a surname (last name), Larson may refer to:
People
Science and mathematics
Edward Larson, American historian
Gustav Larson, Swedish engineer, co-founder of Volvo
Lawrence Larson, American engineer
Paul Larson, American computer scientist
Richard Larson, American professor and operations researcher
Ron Larson, American mathematician, author
Television and film
Bob Larson, television evangelist
Brie Larson, American actress and pop singer
Chad Larson, member of the Aquabats
Charles Larson, American TV writer and producer
Eric Larson, animator for the Walt Disney Studios
Glen A. Larson, television writer and producer
Jack Larson, American actor, screenwriter and producer
Jill Larson, American actress
Lisby Larson, American actress
Michael Larson, game show contestant
Ron Larson, art director, album cover designer, graphic artist
Wolf Larson, Canadian actor
Art and literature
Erik Larson, American author
Gary Larson, American cartoonist, author of The Far Side
Hope Larson, freelance illustrator, cartoonist
Joanne Larson, American writer
Kate Larson (disambiguation), multiple people
Kent Larson, American architect, author, academic (MIT Media Lab)
Kirby Larson, author of children's books
Laura Larson, photographer and artist
Lisa Larson, Swedis |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur%20Leissa | Arthur W. Leissa is an American scientist specializing in the vibrations and dynamics of continuous systems fields.
Education
Arthur Leissa went to the Ohio State University as an undergraduate, earning bachelor's and master's degrees in mechanical engineering in 1954. He worked for a year in industry before returning to Ohio State for doctoral studies. He completed his Ph.D. in 1958, and remained at Ohio State as a faculty member. At the time of his promotion to full professor in 1964, he was the youngest full professor at the university.
Leissa became president of the American Academy of Mechanics for 1987–88. He was elected as a Fellow of ASME in 1983. He was editor-in-chief of Applied Mechanics Reviews from 1993 to 2008.
Selected publications
References
21st-century American engineers
Living people
Ohio State University College of Engineering alumni
Ohio State University faculty
Fellows of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Year of birth missing (living people) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koh%20Boon%20Hwee | Koh Boon Hwee, DUBC (; born 1950) is a Singaporean businessman.
Education
Koh was educated at Saint Andrew's School, Singapore. He went on to receive a first class honours degree in mechanical engineering from the Imperial College of Science and Technology, University of London, and an MBA (Distinction) from the Harvard Business School.
Career
Koh was appointed Chairman of the Singapore Telecom Group in 1986 and then joined the Singapore Airlines board in March 2001.
He served as Chairman of the SIA Engineering Company; a Director of Agilent Technologies Inc, Four Soft Ltd and Norelco UMS Holdings Limited; Executive Director of MediaRing Limited and Tech Group Asia Limited. He serves on the boards of Temasek Holdings (Private) Limited as a Director; AAC Acoustic Technologies Holdings Ltd and Infiniti Solutions Private Limited. He is also a Council Member of the Singapore Business Federation.
On 1 January 2006, Koh became chairman of DBS Bank. He joined DBS as a director on 15 June 2005. He stepped down on 30 April 2010, replaced by Peter Seah.
At the 2008 National Day Awards, Koh was awarded the Darjah Utama Bakti Cemerlang (Distinguished Service Order).
References
1950 births
Living people
DBS Bank people
Harvard Business School alumni
Saint Andrew's School, Singapore alumni
Recipients of the Darjah Utama Bakti Cemerlang
Hewlett Foundation
Singapore Business Federation |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florian%20%C5%9Awi%C4%99s | Florian Święs (; born September 24, 1939) is a full professor of Biology and Earth Sciences at the Maria Curie-Skłodowska University. In 1992 he became the Head of the Geobiology Division at the Institute of Biology.
He received his MA from UMCS in 1962, his Ph.D in 1968, and became a professor in 1992.
Books
Święs F. (1982a). Geobotaniczna charakterystyka lasów dorzeczy Jasiołki i Wisłoka. Przemyśl; Rzeszów: Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Nauk; Krajowa Agencja Wydawnicza.
Święs F. (1982b). Charakterystyka geobotaniczna lasów Beskidu Niskiego. Przemyśl: Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Nauk w Przemyśle.
Święs F. (1983). Zbiorowiska leśne dorzecza Wisłoki w Beskidzie Niskim. Warszawa: PWN.
Święs F. (1985). Fitosocjologiczna charakterystyka lasów dorzecza Ropy w Beskidzie Niskim. Warszawa: PWN.
Święs F. (1993). Roślinność synantropijna miasta Rzeszowa. Lublin: Wydaw. UMCS. .
Święs F. (1994). A Survey of Ruderal Vegetation in Poland: Phytocenoses with Reynoutria sachalinensis.
Święs F. (1995). A Survey of Ruderal Vegetation in Poland: Phytocenoses with Rudbeckia laciniata L., Solidago canadensis L. and S. gigantea Aiton. Ann. Univ. MCS.
Święs F. (1997). A Survey of ruderal vegetation in Poland: phytocenoses with Lycium barbarum L. Ann. Univ. MCS.
Święs F., Kwiatkowska-Farbis M. (1998). Roślinność synantropijna miasta Łukowa. Synanthropic Vegetation of Łuków City. Lublin: Wydawnictwo UMCS.
Święs F., Kwiatkowska-Farbiś M. (1998): Synanthropic Vegetation of Łuków City. Lublin: |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadowgrounds%3A%20Survivor | Shadowgrounds: Survivor is a top-down shooter game developed by Frozenbyte as the sequel to Shadowgrounds. It features three new playable characters, a new "Survival" mode, graphics enhanced from its predecessor, and an integrated physics engine.
Gameplay
Like Shadowgrounds, the game is a fast-paced top-down shooter. This time however, the game allows for three playable characters which can utilise an RPG-like upgrade system for both their weapons and character attributes. This is in contrast to the original game, where only weapon upgrades were handled in this manner. Most of the weapons from the previous game also make a return in Survivor, although many function slightly different and some new weapons have been added. In addition, in some levels the player can control Sentry guns and a Mech.
Compared to the previous game, the basic gameplay has also been tightened, with Survivor focusing more on gun-play than on side-quests. No PDA or computer screens are available for the player to read, and most missions simply require the player to "survive" and reach the ending rather than completing any specific tasks. Those that do usually feature critical plot points, though most of the games story comes in the form of level loading screen text read by each main character.
Also new to the game is the addition of the "Survival" mode. Instead of trying to complete specific missions or tasks, a player selects which character they wish to be and a map, based on some of the ones in t |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IAMP | IAMP may refer to:
Immaterial and Missing Power
International Association of Mathematical Physics
International Association for Military Pedagogy
International Advanced Manufacturing Park, a business part in Washington, UK |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battlefield%20Extraction-Assist%20Robot | The Battlefield Extraction-Assist Robot (BEAR) is a remotely controlled robot developed by Vecna Robotics for use in the extraction of wounded soldiers from the battlefield with no risk to human life. The humanoid robot uses a powerful hydraulics system to carry humans and other heavy objects over long distances and rough terrain, such as stairs.
Work on the robot commenced in 2005 and it was featured in Time Magazine's Best Inventions of 2006. Vecna Robotics wrapped up development and testing for applications on and off of the battlefield in 2011.
Features and technology
The BEAR is a six-feet-tall, remotely controlled, humanoid robot, powered by a hydraulic actuator. Its steel torso is capable of the maximum hydraulic exertion of . It can lift .
Controls
The initial versions of the BEAR were remotely controlled by a human operator who was able to see and hear through the robot's sensors. Developments to the BEAR's AI have given the robot the ability to process higher level commands given by an operator such as "go to this location" or "pick up that box." If the robot is unable to execute the operator's command, it asks the operator for assistance to complete a task.
A soldier may also control the BEAR through a device known as the iGlove. The motion-capture glove, which AnthroTronix has developed, allows the soldier to make a simple hand gesture to command the BEAR. Another remote control for the BEAR is called the Mounted Force Controller. It's a specialized rifle grip |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rogier%20Windhorst | Rogier Arnold Windhorst (born 1955) is an astronomer and a professor of physics and astronomy at Arizona State University. He received his Ph.D. in astronomy in 1984 from the University of Leiden and did post doctorate work at Mt.Wilson and Las Campanas Observatories. He currently serves as associate chair at Arizona State and is among six Arizona state faculty who were awarded Regents Professor appointments in 2006; he presides over the School of Earth and Space Exploration at the university. In 2008, he became Foundation Professor of Astrophysics at Arizona State University and co-director of the ASU Cosmology Initiative.
Windhorst has authored over 100 published scientific papers and has given over 125 lectures at seminars. His research has led to new understandings of how the universe first began. He also studies black holes. His research focuses on Astrophysics and Space Science, and he is the principal investigator of the Hubble Space Telescope mid-UV bright galaxy survey. He is one of the six Interdisciplinary Scientists worldwide for the James Webb Space Telescope, and member of the JWST Flight Science Working Group. Windhorst is involved in planning the JWST science performance, and in critical oversights of its entire design and construction phase.
References
External links
ASU School of Earth and Space Exploration (SESE) Faculty Page
ASU Cosmology Initiative
1954 births
Living people
20th-century Dutch astronomers
21st-century American astronomers
Arizona State |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messenger%20of%20Mathematics | The Messenger of Mathematics is a defunct British mathematics journal. The founding editor-in-chief was William Allen Whitworth with Charles Taylor and volumes 1–58 were published between 1872 and 1929. James Whitbread Lee Glaisher was the editor-in-chief after Whitworth. In the nineteenth century, foreign contributions represented 4.7% of all pages of mathematics in the journal.
History
The journal was originally titled Oxford, Cambridge and Dublin Messenger of Mathematics. It was supported by mathematics students and governed by a board of editors composed of members of the universities of Oxford, Cambridge and Dublin (the last being its sole constituent college, Trinity College Dublin). Volumes 1–5 were published between 1862 and 1871. It merged with The Quarterly Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics to form the Quarterly Journal of Mathematics.
References
Further reading
External links
Messenger of Mathematics, vols. 1–30 (1871–1901) digitized by the Center for Retrospective Digitization.
Defunct journals of the United Kingdom
English-language journals
Mathematics education in the United Kingdom
Mathematics journals
Publications established in 1862
Publications disestablished in 1929
1862 establishments in England |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermentas | Fermentas was a biotechnology company specializing in the discovery and production of molecular biology products for life science research and diagnostics. Since 2010, Fermentas has been part of Thermo Fisher Scientific.
Corporate profile
In 2003, Fermentas consolidated its international business and set up a controlling enterprise, Fermentas International in Canada. Fermentas International became the shareholder of Fermentas in Vilnius, Lithuania, and its joint ventures in the United States, Canada and Germany (as well as Fermentas China established in 2009).
In 2010, Fermentas International was acquired by Thermo Fisher Scientific. Fermentas, and all of its enterprises, became part of the Analytical Technology segment of the Thermo Fisher.
Fermentas has principal manufacturing operations in Vilnius, Lithuania. More than 99% of production was destined for export markets.
Products
Fermentas is a producer of molecular biology products and is known for its restriction enzymes and DNA ladders and molecular weight markers.
Main products are FastDigest and conventional restriction enzymes, DNA/RNA modifying enzymes, transfection reagents, nucleotides and primers, products of PCR and RT-PCR, molecular cloning, nucleic acid purification, in vitro transcription, molecular labeling and detection, DNA, RNA, protein electrophoresis.
All Fermentas’ products are produced in Class D clean-room facilities, qualified and certified as per EU directives and International Society for Ph |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/School%20of%20Chemistry%2C%20University%20of%20Edinburgh | The School of Chemistry is a school of the University of Edinburgh, in Scotland. In the 2008 Research Assessment Exercise (RAE) the school was ranked sixth in the UK.
History and alumni
The teaching of Chemistry at Edinburgh began in 1713 when James Crawford was appointed to the 'Chair of Physik and Chymistry' (where 'physik' = natural science/art of medicine). The department has occupied many sites in its history, from a house at the top of Robertson's Close in the city centre, to purpose-built facilities in the central campus at Old College through to its current location at King's Buildings. Each move has brought with it expansions in size and status until the department occupied the position it does now, as one of the world's leading Chemistry teaching and research establishments.
The department also hosts the oldest student-run Chemistry society in the world which was created in 1785 and is still active today.
Today the department carries on the traditions of Chemistry at Edinburgh both in teaching and research. The collaborative research School formed with St Andrews University Chemistry department to form EaStCHEM has strengthened research in Scotland in the chemical sciences.
Alumni and former staff include:
Thomas Anderson, discoverer of pyridine
Joseph Black, discoverer of carbon dioxide, latent heat and specific heat
Perdita Barran, Professor in the School of Chemistry, University of Manchester
Neil Campbell, chemist and amateur athlete
Archibald Scott Co |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infinite | Infinite may refer to:
Mathematics
Infinite set, a set that is not a finite set
Infinity, an abstract concept describing something without any limit
Music
Infinite (group), a South Korean boy band
Infinite (EP), debut EP of American musician Haywyre, released in 2012
Infinite (Eminem album), the debut album of American rapper Eminem, released in 1996
Infinite (Eminem song), the debut song of American rapper Eminem, released in 1996
Infinite (Stratovarius album), a studio album by power metal band Stratovarius, released in 2000
The Infinite (album), by trumpeter Dave Douglas, released in 2002
"Infinite...", a 2004 single by Japanese singer Beni Arashiro
Infinite (Notaker song), a 2016 single by American electronic producer Notaker
Infinite (rapper), a Canadian rapper
Infinite (Sam Concepcion album), the second studio album by Filipino singer Sam Concepcion
Infinite (Deep Purple album), the twentieth studio album by Deep Purple
"Infinite", a 1990 song by Forbidden from Twisted into Form
"Infinite", a 2017 song by Tyler Smyth and Andy Bane from Sonic Forces
Other uses
Infinite (film), a 2021 science fiction film
"The Infinites", a 1953 science fiction short story by Philip K. Dick
The Infinites, a fictional group of cosmic beings in the Avengers Infinity comic book series
Infinite, a character in the video game Sonic Forces
Infinite Flight, a flight simulator released on 2011
Halo Infinite, 2021 video game
See also
Infinity (disambiguation) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic%20Resonance%20in%20Chemistry | Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the application of NMR, ESR, and NQR spectrometry in all branches of chemistry. The journal was established in 1969 and is published by John Wiley & Sons. The editors-in-chief are Roberto R. Gil (Carnegie Mellon University) and Gary E. Martin (Seton Hall University).
Abstracting and indexing
The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
Chemical Abstracts Service
Scopus
Science Citation Index
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 2.447.
Highest cited papers
According to the Web of Science, the following papers have been cited most often (> 300 times):
References
External links
Chemistry journals
Wiley (publisher) academic journals
Academic journals established in 1969
Monthly journals
English-language journals |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superprocess | An -superprocess, , within mathematics probability theory is a stochastic process on that is usually constructed as a special limit of near-critical branching diffusions.
Informally, it can be seen as a branching process where each particle splits and dies at infinite rates, and evolves according to a diffusion equation, and we follow the rescaled population of particles, seen as a measure on .
Scaling limit of a discrete branching process
Simplest setting
For any integer , consider a branching Brownian process defined as follows:
Start at with independent particles distributed according to a probability distribution .
Each particle independently move according to a Brownian motion.
Each particle independently dies with rate .
When a particle dies, with probability it gives birth to two offspring in the same location.
The notation means should be interpreted as: at each time , the number of particles in a set is . In other words, is a measure-valued random process.
Now, define a renormalized process:
Then the finite-dimensional distributions of converge as to those of a measure-valued random process , which is called a -superprocess, with initial value , where and where is a Brownian motion (specifically, where is a measurable space, is a filtration, and under has the law of a Brownian motion started at ).
As will be clarified in the next section, encodes an underlying branching mechanism, and encodes the motion of the particles. Here, since |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20materials-testing%20resources | Materials testing is used to assess product quality, functionality, safety, reliability and toxicity of both materials and electronic devices. Some applications of materials testing include defect detection, failure analysis, material development, basic materials science research, and the verification of material properties for application trials. This is a list of organizations and companies that publish materials testing standards or offer materials testing laboratory services.
International organizations for materials testing
These organizations create materials testing standards or conduct active research in the fields of materials analysis and reliability testing.
American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC)
American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE)
American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
ASTM International
Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (German: Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM))
Electrostatic Discharge Association (ESDA)
European Reference Materials
Instron
International Committee for Non Destructive Testing (ICNDT)
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
ISTFA
MTS Systems Corporation
Nadcap
National Physical Laboratory (United Kingdom)
Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE)
XYZTEC
Zwick Roell Group
Global research laboratories for materials testing
These organizations provide materi |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20R.%20Simpson | William R. Simpson (born July 25, 1966) is an American chemist. He is a pioneer in the field of snow chemistry. He is also a current researcher at University of Alaska Fairbanks' Geophysical Institute and International Arctic Research Center and an associate professor in the chemistry department. He is the principal investigator of the atmospheric chemistry group and director of the university's NSF Research Experience for Undergraduates program.
Education
Bill attained his B.A. in chemistry at Swarthmore College in 1988 and his Ph.D. in physical chemistry at Stanford University in 1995.
Awards
CAREER Grant Award of the National Science Foundation (NSF) 2001-2006
Research Innovation Award for cavity ring-down spectroscopy, Research Corporation 1999
Flavored Ice Award for revolutionary snow flavoring techniques
Research
Cavity ring-down spectroscopy
Snowpack photochemistry
Stratospheric ozone
Selected publications
Simpson has more than 40 papers in peer-reviewed journals.
Simpson, W. R., L. Alvarez-Aviles, T. A. Douglas, M. Sturm, and F. Domine (2005), Halogens in the coastal snow pack near Barrow, Alaska: Evidence for active bromine air-snow chemistry during springtime, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L04811.
Ayers, J. D., and W. R. Simpson (2006), Measurements of N2O5 near Fairbanks, Alaska, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D14309.
Ayers, J. D., R. L. Apodaca, W. R. Simpson, and D. S. Baer (2005), Off-axis cavity ringdown spectroscopy: application to atmospheric nitrate radica |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louise%20Johnson | Dame Louise Napier Johnson, (26 September 1940 – 25 September 2012), was a British biochemist and protein crystallographer. She was David Phillips Professor of Molecular Biophysics at the University of Oxford from 1990 to 2007, and later an emeritus professor.
Education
Johnson attended Wimbledon High School for Girls from 1952 to 1959, where girls were encouraged to study science and to pursue useful careers. Her mother had read biochemistry and physiology at University College London in the 1930s and was supportive of Johnson's decision to pursue a scientific career. She went to University College London in 1959 to read Physics and coming from an all-girls school, she was surprised to find herself one of only four girls in a class of 40.
She took theoretical physics as her third-year option and graduated with a 2.1 degree. Whilst working at the Atomic Energy Authority, Harwell, on neutron diffraction, during one of her vacations, she met Uli Arndt, an instrument scientist, who worked at the Royal Institution, London. She was impressed by the work taking place there and in 1962 she moved to the Royal Institution to do a PhD in biophysics. Her graduate supervisor was David Chilton Phillips, whose team was working on the crystal structure of lysozyme. Her first task was to determine the structure of a sugar molecule, N-Acetylglucosamine, using x-ray diffraction, which she solved within a year. She then moved onto the study of the substrate binding to the protein lysozyme an |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heun%27s%20method | In mathematics and computational science, Heun's method may refer to the improved or modified Euler's method (that is, the explicit trapezoidal rule), or a similar two-stage Runge–Kutta method. It is named after Karl Heun and is a numerical procedure for solving ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with a given initial value. Both variants can be seen as extensions of the Euler method into two-stage second-order Runge–Kutta methods.
The procedure for calculating the numerical solution to the initial value problem:
by way of Heun's method, is to first calculate the intermediate value and then the final approximation at the next integration point.
where is the step size and .
Description
Euler's method is used as the foundation for Heun's method. Euler's method uses the line tangent to the function at the beginning of the interval as an estimate of the slope of the function over the interval, assuming that if the step size is small, the error will be small. However, even when extremely small step sizes are used, over a large number of steps the error starts to accumulate and the estimate diverges from the actual functional value.
Where the solution curve is concave up, its tangent line will underestimate the vertical coordinate of the next point and vice versa for a concave down solution. The ideal prediction line would hit the curve at its next predicted point. In reality, there is no way to know whether the solution is concave-up or concave-down, and hence if th |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold%20P.%20Boas | Harold P. Boas (born June 26, 1954) is an American mathematician.
Life
Boas was born in Evanston, Illinois, United States. He is the son of two noted mathematicians, Ralph P. Boas, Jr and Mary L. Boas.
Education
He received his A.B. and S.M. degrees in applied mathematics from Harvard University in 1976 and his Ph.D. in mathematics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1980 under the direction of Norberto Kerzman.
Teaching
Boas was a J. F. Ritt Assistant Professor at Columbia University (1980–1984) before moving to Texas A&M University, where he advanced to the rank of associate professor in 1987 and full professor in 1992. He has held visiting positions at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute in Berkeley, California.
Publications and awards
He has published over thirty papers, including Reflections on the arbelos (for which he won the Chauvenet Prize in 2009), and has also translated several dozen papers and a book from Russian into English. He is a winner of the Lester R. Ford Award (2007) of the Mathematical Association of America and a co-winner of the Stefan Bergman Prize (with Emil J. Straube, 1995) of the American Mathematical Society. In 2012 he became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society.
He revised and updated his father's book A Primer of Real Functions for the fourth edition.
References
1954 births
Living people
People from Evanston, Illinois
20th-century American mathematicia |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airflow%20Sciences%20Corporation | Airflow Sciences Corporation (ASC) is an engineering consulting company based in Livonia, Michigan, USA that specializes in the design and optimization of equipment and processes involving flow, heat transfer, combustion, and mass transfer. Engineering techniques include Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling, experimental laboratory testing, and field measurements at client sites. ASC works for a wide range of industries world-wide, including power generation, manufacturing, aerospace, HVAC, food processing, biomedical, pollution control, oil and gas, rail, legal, and automotive.
In addition to engineering consulting, ASC has a test equipment division that manufactures flow measurement equipment such as data loggers, pressure/flow/temperature instrumentation, wind tunnels, and online flow systems.
ASC is the parent company of Azore Software, LLC, which develops and sells the commercial simulation software AzoreCFD. This advanced polyhedral-based CFD software use widely used for flow and heat transfer analysis and design.
History
The company was founded in 1975 by Robert Gielow and James Paul, two Professional Engineers with backgrounds in the aerospace industry. They quickly realized that the analysis techniques they applied to projects such as the Apollo program Moon rockets and commercial aircraft design could be used to advance a wide variety of other industries. Early years of the company were focused on aerodynamic optimization of vehicles such as cars, trac |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Mitchell%20Nuttall | John Mitchell Nuttall (21 July 1890 – 28 January 1958) was an English physicist, born in Todmorden. He is best remembered for his work with the physicist Hans Geiger, which resulted in the Geiger–Nuttall law of radioactive decay.
Nuttall graduated from the University of Manchester in 1911 and was appointed Assistant Lecturer in Physics at the University of Leeds. During World War I, he served as a captain with the Royal Engineers. In 1921 he became Assistant Director of the University of Manchester's Physical Laboratories and remained in office until 1955.
References
English physicists
People from Todmorden
Alumni of the University of Manchester
Royal Engineers officers
British Army personnel of World War I
1890 births
1958 deaths
Academics of the University of Leeds |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid%20cryptosystem | In cryptography, a hybrid cryptosystem is one which combines the convenience of a public-key cryptosystem with the efficiency of a symmetric-key cryptosystem. Public-key cryptosystems are convenient in that they do not require the sender and receiver to share a common secret in order to communicate securely. However, they often rely on complicated mathematical computations and are thus generally much more inefficient than comparable symmetric-key cryptosystems. In many applications, the high cost of encrypting long messages in a public-key cryptosystem can be prohibitive. This is addressed by hybrid systems by using a combination of both.
A hybrid cryptosystem can be constructed using any two separate cryptosystems:
a key encapsulation mechanism, which is a public-key cryptosystem
a data encapsulation scheme, which is a symmetric-key cryptosystem
The hybrid cryptosystem is itself a public-key system, whose public and private keys are the same as in the key encapsulation scheme.
Note that for very long messages the bulk of the work in encryption/decryption is done by the more efficient symmetric-key scheme, while the inefficient public-key scheme is used only to encrypt/decrypt a short key value.
All practical implementations of public key cryptography today employ the use of a hybrid system. Examples include the TLS protocol and the SSH protocol, that use a public-key mechanism for key exchange (such as Diffie-Hellman) and a symmetric-key mechanism for data encapsulati |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scott%20Anderson%20%28physicist%29 | Scott Anderson (June 26, 1913 – October 1, 2006) was the founder of Anderson Physics Laboratory in Urbana, Illinois
(the predecessor of APL Engineered Materials), a leading provider of metal halides and amalgams to the lighting industry. He received 11 U.S. patents.
He received his B.S. from Illinois Wesleyan University in 1935, M.S. from the University of Illinois in 1937, and Ph.D. from the University of Illinois 1940. During World War II, he worked in the Manhattan Project's Metallurgical Laboratory.
Anderson was a Rotarian and served as the president of the Rotary Club of Champaign, Illinois, from 1963 to 1964. He was a founder of the Urban League of Champaign County and also was instrumental in establishing Project Goodstart (meals for disadvantaged children) and New Beginnings (assistance for released felons in fitting back into civilian society).
References
External links
Scott Anderson's Obituary
Notice in Physics Illinois News, 2007, Number 1, Page 15
APL Engineered Materials
Process relating to ultra-pure metal halide particles
Process for producing sodium amalgam particles
Strengthening agent, strengthened metal halide particles, and improved lamp fill material
To Scott Anderson, Sr., for his innovative use of scientific knowledge and engineering skills in the production of new and useful materials.
1913 births
2006 deaths
People from Urbana, Illinois
Illinois Wesleyan University alumni
American physical chemists
Grainger College of Engineering alumni
Manh |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric%20Jacobsen%20%28chemist%29 | Eric N. Jacobsen (born February 22, 1960, in New York City, New York) is the Sheldon Emery Professor of Chemistry and former chair of the department of chemistry and chemical biology at Harvard University. He is a prominent figure in the field of organic chemistry and is best known for the development of the Jacobsen epoxidation and other work in selective catalysis.
Early life and education
Jacobsen was born on February 22, 1960, in New York City. Jacobsen attended New York University for his undergraduate studies, graduating with his B.S. in 1982. He attended the University of California, Berkeley for graduate school, earning his Ph.D. in 1986 under the tutelage of Robert G. Bergman. He subsequently joined the laboratory of Barry Sharpless, then at MIT, as an NIH Postdoctoral Fellow. He began his independent career as an assistant professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1988. In 1993 he moved to Harvard as a full professor.
Notable contributions
Jacobsen has developed catalysts for asymmetric epoxidation, hydrolytic kinetic resolution and desymmetrization of epoxides, asymmetric pericyclic reactions, and asymmetric additions to imines.
Awards
Bristol-DTC-Syngenta Award (2013)
Remsen Award (2013)
Fannie–Cox Teaching Award, Harvard University (2012)
Chirality Medal (2012)
Nagoya Gold Medal Prize (2011)
GSK Scholar Award (2011)
Kosolapoff Award, Auburn Section ACS (2011)
The Ryoji Noyori Prize (2011)
Janssen Pharmaceutica Prize for Creati |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin%20Wright%20%28civil%20engineer%29 | Benjamin Wright (October 10, 1770 – August 24, 1842) was an American civil engineer who was chief engineer of the Erie Canal and the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal. In 1969, the American Society of Civil Engineers declared him the "Father of American Civil Engineering".
Early life
Wright was born in Wethersfield, Connecticut, to Ebenezer Wright and Grace Butler.
Career
In 1789, at age 19, he moved with his family to Fort Stanwix, New York, which is now Rome, New York, where he became a land surveyor. Over the next decade, Wright worked as a land surveyor and engineer, especially on the construction of the Erie Canal and later on the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal. In addition to his engineering work, Wright was also elected to the New York State Legislature in 1794 and was appointed a New York county judge.
Wright returned to New York in about 1833. He continued to work primarily as a consultant on a number of canal projects, but also began doing surveys for railroads, which were in the early stages of development at the time.
Oneida and Oswego counties
Wright began his career surveying the frontier areas of Oneida and Oswego counties. In 1794 Wright was hired as a surveyor and planner by the noted English canal designer William Weston. Working for Weston, he helped lay out canals and locks on the Mohawk River. After Weston returned to England in 1801, Wright was commissioned to survey the Mohawk River between Schenectady and Rome, and then to the Hudson River.
Wright initially s |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georg%20Kreisel | Georg Kreisel FRS (September 15, 1923 – March 1, 2015) was an Austrian-born mathematical logician who studied and worked in the United Kingdom and America.
Biography
Kreisel was born in Graz and came from a Jewish background; his family sent him to the United Kingdom before the Anschluss in 1938. He studied mathematics at Trinity College, Cambridge, and then, during World War II, worked on military subjects. Kreisel never took a Ph.D., though much later, in 1962, he was awarded the Cambridge degree of Sc.D., a `higher doctorate' given on the basis of published research.
He taught at the University of Reading from 1949 until 1954 and then worked at the Institute for Advanced Study from 1955 to 1957. He returned to Reading in 1957, but then taught at Stanford University from 1958-1959. Then back at Reading for the year 1959-1960, and then the University of Paris 1960-1962. Kreisel was appointed a professor at Stanford University in 1962 and remained on the faculty there until he retired in 1985.
Kreisel worked in various areas of logic, and especially in proof theory, where he is known for his so-called "unwinding" program, whose aim was to extract constructive content from superficially non-constructive proofs.
Kreisel was elected to the Royal Society in 1966; Kreisel remained a close friend of Francis Crick whom he had met in the Royal Navy during WWII.
While a student at Cambridge, Kreisel was the student most respected by Ludwig Wittgenstein. Ray Monk writes, "In |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applied%20Organometallic%20Chemistry | Applied Organometallic Chemistry is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published since 1987 by John Wiley & Sons.
The editor-in-chief is Cornelis J. Elsevier (University of Amsterdam).
Contents
The journal includes:
reviews
full papers
communications
working methods papers
crystallographic reports
It also includes occasional reports on:
relevant conferences of applied work in the field of organometallics
including bioorganometallic chemistry
metal/organic ligand coordination chemistry.
Abstracting and indexing
The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
Biological Abstracts
BIOSIS Previews
Cambridge Structural Database
Chemical Abstracts Service
Ceramic Abstracts
ChemWeb
Compendex
Advanced Polymer Abstracts
Civil Engineering Abstracts
Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts
Current Contents/Physical
Chemical & Earth Sciences
Engineered Materials Abstracts
International Aerospace Abstracts
METADEX
PASCAL
Science Citation Index
Scopus
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 4.105.
Most cited papers
The three highest cited papers (> 250 citations each) are:
References
External links
Organic chemistry journals
Wiley (publisher) academic journals
Academic journals established in 1987
English-language journals
Monthly journals |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal%20of%20Molecular%20Recognition | The Journal of Molecular Recognition is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal publishing original research papers and reviews describing molecular recognition phenomena in biology. The current editor-in-chief is Marc H. V. van Regenmortel (École supérieure de biotechnologie Strasbourg). It was established in 1988 and is published by John Wiley & Sons.
Abstracting and indexing
Journal of Molecular Recognition is abstracted and indexed in:
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 2.137, ranking it 53rd out of 72 journals in the category "Biophysics" and 247th out of 297 journals in the category "Biochemistry & Molecular Biology".
Highest cited papers
According to the Web of Science, the most-cited articles of this journal are:
"'Automated docking of flexible ligands: Applications of AutoDock", Volume 9, Issue 1, Jan-Feb 1996, Pages: 1–5, Goodsell DS, Morris GM, Olson AJ.
"Improving biosensor analysis", Volume 12, Issue 5, Sep-Oct 1999, Pages: 279–284, Myszka DG.
"Reversible and irreversible immobilization of enzymes on Graphite Fibrils(TM)", Volume 9, Issue 5–6, Sep-Dec 1996, Pages: 383–388, Dong LW, Fischer AB, Lu M, et al.
"Isothermal titration calorimetry and differential scanning calorimetry as complementary tools to investigate the energetics of biomolecular recognition", Volume 12, Issue 1, Jan-Feb 1999, Pages: 3–18, Jelesarov I, Bosshard HR.
References
External links
Biochemistry journals
Wiley (publisher) aca |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytochemical%20Analysis | Phytochemical Analysis is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal established in 1991 and published by John Wiley & Sons. It covers research on the utilization of analytical methodology in Plant Chemistry. The current editor-in-chief is Prof Satyajit Sarker (Liverpool John Moores University) and Managing Editor is Dr Lutfun Nahar (Liverpool John Moores University).
Abstracting and indexing
The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
Chemical Abstracts Service
Current Contents/Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences
Index Medicus/MEDLINE/PubMed
Scopus
Science Citation Index
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 3.373.
Notable papers
According to the Web of Science, the following articles have been cited over 200 times:
References
External links
Chemistry journals
Wiley (publisher) academic journals
Academic journals established in 1991
English-language journals
Bimonthly journals
Botany journals |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Spence%20%28Canadian%20politician%29 | George Spence, (October 25, 1880 – March 4, 1975) was a Canadian provincial and federal politician.
Born in Birsay, Orkney Islands, Scotland, the son of Thomas Spence and Elizabeth Hunter, he studied electrical engineering at the Leith Academy Technical College and emigrated to Canada in 1900 to pan for gold in the Yukon. In 1903, he moved to Austin, Manitoba where he was a farmer. In 1912, he moved to Monchy, Saskatchewan. He was first elected to the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan in 1917 for the riding of Notukeu. A Liberal, he was re-elected in 1921 and 1925. He resigned his provincial seat in 1925 and was elected in the 1925 federal election in the riding of Maple Creek. A Liberal, he was re-elected in the 1926 federal election. He resigned his seat in 1927 to re-enter provincial politics, where he was appointed Minister of Railways. He was also Minister of Highways, Minister of Railways, Labour and Industries, Minister of Agriculture, and Minister of Public Works. He would serve until 1938 when he was appointed Director of the Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Administration. From 1947 to 1957, he was a member of the International Joint Commission, an independent binational organization established by the United States and Canada under the International Boundary Waters Treaty of 1909.
In 1919, Spence married Ivy Irene May. They had two daughters.
In 1946 he was made Commander of the Order of the British Empire and was awarded an Honorary Doctor of Law degree from the |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penrose%20transform | In theoretical physics, the Penrose transform, introduced by , is a complex analogue of the Radon transform that relates massless fields on spacetime, or more precisely the space of solutions to massless field equations to sheaf cohomology groups on complex projective space. The projective space in question is the twistor space, a geometrical space naturally associated to the original spacetime, and the twistor transform is also geometrically natural in the sense of integral geometry. The Penrose transform is a major component of classical twistor theory.
Overview
Abstractly, the Penrose transform operates on a double fibration of a space Y, over two spaces X and Z
In the classical Penrose transform, Y is the spin bundle, X is a compactified and complexified form of Minkowski space (which as a complex manifold is ) and Z is the twistor space (which is ). More generally examples come from double fibrations of the form
where G is a complex semisimple Lie group and H1 and H2 are parabolic subgroups.
The Penrose transform operates in two stages. First, one pulls back the sheaf cohomology groups Hr(Z,F) to the sheaf cohomology Hr(Y,η−1F) on Y; in many cases where the Penrose transform is of interest, this pullback turns out to be an isomorphism. One then pushes the resulting cohomology classes down to X; that is, one investigates the direct image of a cohomology class by means of the Leray spectral sequence. The resulting direct image is then interpreted in terms of dif |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal%20of%20Physical%20Organic%20Chemistry | The Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal, published since 1988 by John Wiley & Sons. It covers research in physical organic chemistry in its broadest sense and is available both online and in print. The current editor-in-chief is Rik Tykwinski (University of Alberta).
Highest cited papers
According to Web of Science the three most cited papers in the journal are:
Chiappe C, Pieraccini D. Ionic liquids: solvent properties and organic reactivity, 18(4): 275–297, 2005
Carmichael AJ, Seddon KR. Polarity study of some 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium ambient-temperature ionic liquids with the solvatochromic dye, Nile Red, 13(10): 591–595, 2000
Matyjaszewski K, Ziegler MJ, Arehart SV, et al. Gradient copolymers by atom transfer radical copolymerization, 13(12): 775–786, 2000
Abstracting and indexing
The journal is indexed in Chemical Abstracts Service, Scopus, and Web of Science. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2021 impact factor of 2.155.
References
External links
Physical chemistry journals
Wiley (publisher) academic journals
English-language journals
Academic journals established in 1988
Monthly journals |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curvature%20of%20a%20measure | In mathematics, the curvature of a measure defined on the Euclidean plane R2 is a quantification of how much the measure's "distribution of mass" is "curved". It is related to notions of curvature in geometry. In the form presented below, the concept was introduced in 1995 by the mathematician Mark S. Melnikov; accordingly, it may be referred to as the Melnikov curvature or Menger-Melnikov curvature. Melnikov and Verdera (1995) established a powerful connection between the curvature of measures and the Cauchy kernel.
Definition
Let μ be a Borel measure on the Euclidean plane R2. Given three (distinct) points x, y and z in R2, let R(x, y, z) be the radius of the Euclidean circle that joins all three of them, or +∞ if they are collinear. The Menger curvature c(x, y, z) is defined to be
with the natural convention that c(x, y, z) = 0 if x, y and z are collinear. It is also conventional to extend this definition by setting c(x, y, z) = 0 if any of the points x, y and z coincide. The Menger-Melnikov curvature c2(μ) of μ is defined to be
More generally, for α ≥ 0, define c2α(μ) by
One may also refer to the curvature of μ at a given point x:
in which case
Examples
The trivial measure has zero curvature.
A Dirac measure δa supported at any point a has zero curvature.
If μ is any measure whose support is contained within a Euclidean line L, then μ has zero curvature. For example, one-dimensional Lebesgue measure on any line (or line segment) has zero curvature.
The Lebesgu |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal%20of%20Experimental%20and%20Theoretical%20Physics | The Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics (JETP) [ (ЖЭТФ), or Zhurnal Éksperimental'noĭ i Teoreticheskoĭ Fiziki (ZhÉTF)] is a peer-reviewed Russian bilingual scientific journal covering all areas of experimental and theoretical physics. For example, coverage includes solid-state physics, elementary particles, and cosmology. The journal is published simultaneously in both Russian and English languages.
The editor-in-chief is Alexander F. Andreev. In addition, this journal is a continuation of Soviet physics, JETP (1931–1992), which began English translation in 1955.
Indexing
JETP is indexed in:
References
External links
J. Exp. Theor. Phys. website (jetp.ras.ru)
J. Exp. Theor. Phys. website (Maik)
J. Exp. Theor. Phys. website (Springer)
Physics journals
Russian-language journals
English-language journals
Monthly journals
Nauka academic journals
Russian Academy of Sciences academic journals |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panofsky%20%28disambiguation%29 | Erwin Panofsky (1892–1968) was a German art historian who worked in the U.S.
Panofsky may also refer to:
Panofsky Prize, awarded in the field of particle physics
People with the surname
Aaron Panofsky, American sociologist
Dora Panofsky (1885-1965), German-American art historian
Wolfgang K. H. Panofsky, German-American physicist
See also
Panovsky, a rural locality in Vladimir Oblast, Russia |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tejal%20A.%20Desai | Tejal Ashwin Desai (born June 3, 1972) is Sorensen Family Dean of Engineering at Brown University. Prior to joining Brown, she was the Deborah Cowan Endowed Professor in the Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences at University of California, San Francisco, Director of the Health Innovations via Engineering Initiative (HIVE), and head of the Therapeutic Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory. She was formerly an associate professor at Boston University (2002–06) and an assistant professor at University of Illinois at Chicago (1998–2001). She is a researcher in the area of therapeutic micro and nanotechnology and has authored and edited at least one book on the subject and another on biomaterials.
In January of 2022, she was appointed the dean of Brown University’s School of Engineering. She succeeded inaugural dean, Lawrence Larson in September 2022.
Early life and education
Desai was born on June 3, 1972, in Huntington Beach, California, to Indian parents. She spent most of her childhood in Santa Barbara, California. Desai attended Brown University, which allowed her to pursue both liberal arts courses as well as undergraduate courses in biomedical engineering. She received a Sc. B. from Brown in biomedical engineering in 1994. In 1998 she graduated with a Ph.D. from the joint UCSF/UC Berkeley Bioengineering department, advised by Mauro Ferrari.
Honors and awards
She was elected a fellow of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering in 20 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauss%27s%20continued%20fraction | In complex analysis, Gauss's continued fraction is a particular class of continued fractions derived from hypergeometric functions. It was one of the first analytic continued fractions known to mathematics, and it can be used to represent several important elementary functions, as well as some of the more complicated transcendental functions.
History
Lambert published several examples of continued fractions in this form in 1768, and both Euler and Lagrange investigated similar constructions, but it was Carl Friedrich Gauss who utilized the algebra described in the next section to deduce the general form of this continued fraction, in 1813.
Although Gauss gave the form of this continued fraction, he did not give a proof of its convergence properties. Bernhard Riemann and L.W. Thomé obtained partial results, but the final word on the region in which this continued fraction converges was not given until 1901, by Edward Burr Van Vleck.
Derivation
Let be a sequence of analytic functions so that
for all , where each is a constant.
Then
Setting
So
Repeating this ad infinitum produces the continued fraction expression
In Gauss's continued fraction, the functions are hypergeometric functions of the form , , and , and the equations arise as identities between functions where the parameters differ by integer amounts. These identities can be proven in several ways, for example by expanding out the series and comparing coefficients, or by taking the derivative in several way |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20Lefkowitz | Robert Joseph Lefkowitz (born April 15, 1943) is an American physician (internist and cardiologist) and biochemist. He is best known for his groundbreaking discoveries that reveal the inner workings of an important family G protein-coupled receptors, for which he was awarded the 2012 Nobel Prize for Chemistry with Brian Kobilka. He is currently an Investigator with the Howard Hughes Medical Institute as well as a James B. Duke Professor of Medicine and Professor of Biochemistry and Chemistry at Duke University.
Early life
Lefkowitz was born on April 15, 1943, in The Bronx, New York to Jewish parents Max and Rose Lefkowitz. Their families had emigrated to the United States from Poland in the late 19th century.
After graduating from the Bronx High School of Science in 1959, he attended Columbia College from which he received a Bachelor of Arts in chemistry 1962.
He graduated from Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1966 with an M.D. degree. After serving an internship and one year of general medical residency at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, he served as clinical and research associate at the National Institutes of Health from 1968 to 1970.
Career
Upon completing his medical residency and research and clinical training in 1973, he was appointed associate professor of medicine and assistant professor of biochemistry at the Duke University Medical Center. In 1977, he was promoted to professor of medicine and in 1982 to James B. Duke Professor |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Striped%20nerite | The striped nerite, scientific name Theodoxus transversalis, is a species of small freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Neritidae, the nerites.
Distribution
The distribution of this species is Danubian.
Fehér et al. (2012) revealed in their conservation genetics study, that intraspecific variability of two researched DNA markers (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and ATP synthase subunit α) is very low. They hypothesized that the bottlenecked population colonized the whole range of Theodoxus transversalis in the Holocene. Fehér et al. (2012) also hypothesized that such low genetic diversity caused the high sensitivity of Theodoxus transversalis to water quality. Theodoxus transversalis was widespread in Danubian drainage, but the population of this species declined because of water pollution and this species is considered as endangered. It is also listed in the Annexes II and IV of the Habitats Directive.
It occurs in:
Austria
Bulgaria
Croatia
Germany - in Bavaria only and it is critically endangered (vom Aussterben bedroht)
Slovakia
Hungary
Moldova
Romania
Serbia
Ukraine
References
Neritidae
Gastropods described in 1828 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First%20Kragujevac%20Gymnasium | The First Grammar School of Kragujevac () is a high school located in Kragujevac, Serbia. Founded in 1833, the school is the oldest Serbian high school south of the Sava - Danube line.
Studying profiles
The school comprises three educational tracks:
Scientific (chemistry, math, physics, biology)
Social Studies and Language (history, Serbian, Latin, German, English, French)
Mathematics - Special (for gifted students - Mathematics and Informatics)
Notable alumni
Radoje Domanović
Jovan Ristić
Gorica Popović
Jelena Tomašević
Marija Šerifović
Aleksandar Gigović
External links
The First Grammar School of Kragujevac official website
Gymnasiums in Serbia
Education in Kragujevac
Educational institutions established in 1833
Buildings and structures in Kragujevac
1833 establishments in the Ottoman Empire |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler%27s%20conjecture | The mathematician Leonhard Euler (1707–1783) made several different conjectures which are all called Euler's conjecture:
Euler's sum of powers conjecture
Euler's conjecture (Waring's problem)
Euler's Graeco-Latin square conjecture
Mathematics disambiguation pages |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L-selectride | L-selectride is a chemical compound with the chemical formula . It is a colorless liquid. It is an organoborane. It is used in organic chemistry as a reducing agent, for example in the reduction of a ketone, as part of Overman's synthesis of strychnine.
Under certain conditions, L-selectride can selectively reduce enones by conjugate addition of hydride, owing to the greater steric hindrance the bulky hydride reagent experiences at the carbonyl carbon relative to the (also-electrophilic) β-position. L-Selectride can also stereoselectively reduce carbonyl groups in a 1,2-fashion, again due to the steric nature of the hydride reagent.
N-selectride and K-selectride are related compounds, but instead of lithium as cation they have sodium and potassium cations respectively. These reagents can sometimes be used as alternatives to, for instance, sodium amalgam reductions in inorganic chemistry.
Aprepitant is another synthesis example where L-selectride was used.
References
Borohydrides
Lithium compounds
Organoboranes
Organolithium compounds
Reducing agents |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baum%E2%80%93Connes%20conjecture | In mathematics, specifically in operator K-theory, the Baum–Connes conjecture suggests a link between the K-theory of the reduced C*-algebra of a group and the K-homology of the classifying space of proper actions of that group. The conjecture sets up a correspondence between different areas of mathematics, with the K-homology of the classifying space being related to geometry, differential operator theory, and homotopy theory, while the K-theory of the group's reduced C*-algebra is a purely analytical object.
The conjecture, if true, would have some older famous conjectures as consequences. For instance, the surjectivity part implies the Kadison–Kaplansky conjecture for discrete torsion-free groups, and the injectivity is closely related to the Novikov conjecture.
The conjecture is also closely related to index theory, as the assembly map is a sort of index, and it plays a major role in Alain Connes' noncommutative geometry program.
The origins of the conjecture go back to Fredholm theory, the Atiyah–Singer index theorem and the interplay of geometry with operator K-theory as expressed in the works of Brown, Douglas and Fillmore, among many other motivating subjects.
Formulation
Let Γ be a second countable locally compact group (for instance a countable discrete group). One can define a morphism
called the assembly map, from the equivariant K-homology with -compact supports of the classifying space of proper actions to the K-theory of the reduced C*-algebra of Γ. The |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milton%20Feng | Milton Feng co-created the first transistor laser, working with Nick Holonyak in 2004. The paper discussing their work was voted in 2006 as one of the five most important papers published by the American Institute of Physics since its founding 75 years ago. In addition to the invention of transistor laser, he is also well known for inventions of other "major breakthrough" devices, including the world's fastest transistor and light-emitting transistor (LET). As of May, 2009 he is a professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign and holds the Nick Holonyak Jr. Endowed Chair Professorship.
Feng was born and raised in Taiwan.
Inventions
World's fastest transistor
In 2003, Milton Feng and his graduate students Walid Hafez and Jie-Wei Lai broke the record for the world's fastest transistor. Their device, made of indium phosphide and indium gallium arsenide with 25 nm thick base and 75 nm thick collector, marked a frequency of 509 GHz, which was 57 GHz faster than the previous record.
In 2005, they succeeded in fabricating a device at Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory to break their own record, reaching 604 GHz.
In 2006, Feng and his other graduate student William Snodgrass fabricated an indium phosphide and indium gallium arsenide device with 12.5 nm thick base, operating at 765 GHz at room temperature and 845 GHz at -55 °C.
Light-emitting transistor
Reported in the January 5 issue of the journal Applied Physics Letters in 2004, Milton Feng and Nick Holonyak, |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh%20Possingham | Hugh Phillip Possingham, FAA (born 21 July 1962), is the former Queensland Chief Scientist and is best known for his work in conservation biology, applied ecology, and basic ecological theory including population ecology. He is also a professor of mathematics, Professor of Zoology and an ARC Laureate Fellow in the Department of Mathematics and the School of Biological Sciences at The University of Queensland.
Career
Possingham received his bachelor's degree with Honours in 1984, from the department of Applied Mathematics at the University of Adelaide. He completed his D.Phil. at Oxford University under Michael Bulmer in 1987, on a Rhodes Scholarship. His thesis focused on optimal foraging theory.
Possingham's first postdoctoral position was with Joan Roughgarden at Stanford University, working on the recruitment dynamics of intertidal communities. He then returned to Australia on a QEII Fellowship at the Australian National University, and undertook research on applications of population viability analysis to conservation biology. He moved to the University of Adelaide, first as a lecturer, then in 1995 as a professor. In 2000 Possingham moved to a chair in the departments of Mathematics and Biological Sciences at the University of Queensland in Brisbane, where he was an ARC Professorial, Federation, and Laureate Fellow. He was Director of the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, and the Australian government's Threatened Species Rec |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomy%20Letters | Astronomy Letters (Russian: Pis’ma v Astronomicheskii Zhurnal) is a Russian peer-reviewed scientific journal. The journal covers research on all aspects of astronomy and astrophysics, including high energy astrophysics, cosmology, space astronomy, theoretical astrophysics, radio astronomy, extra galactic astronomy, stellar astronomy, and investigation of the Solar system.
Pis’ma v Astronomicheskii Zhurnal is translated in its English version by MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica, which is also the official publisher. However, beginning in 2006 access and distribution outside of Russia is made through Springer Science+Business Media. Both English and Russian versions are published simultaneously.
Astronomy Letters was established in 1994 and published bimonthly. From 1999, it has been published monthly. The editor-in-chief is Rashid A. Sunyaev (Space Research Institute).
Abstracting and indexing
Astronomy Letters is abstracted and indexed in:
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2018 impact factor of 1.075.
See also
Astronomy Reports
References
External links
Website on Springer (English)
Pis'ma v Astronomicheskii Zhurnal (English)
Astronomy journals
English-language journals
Academic journals established in 1994
Astronomy in Russia
Springer Science+Business Media academic journals
Nauka academic journals |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maud%20Doria%20Haviland | Maud Doria Brindley née Haviland (10 February 1889 – 3 April 1941) was an English ornithologist, entomologist, explorer, lecturer, photographer and writer. She conducted studies on bugs and also examined bird biology while at Cambridge and on her travels in Siberia, central Europe, and South America.
Early life
Haviland was born in Tamworth, Staffordshire. Her great-grandfather, John Haviland, was a Professor of Anatomy and the first Regius Professor of Physic at the University of Cambridge to give regular courses in pathology and medicine. She spent her youth growing on the estate of her step-father in south-east Ireland where she shot and observed birds in the wild. She learned anatomy and dissection from books. Her earliest natural history books were Wild Life on the Wing (1913) and The Wood People and Others (1914). She also wrote books for children.
Siberian expedition
In 1914 she joined Polish anthropologist Maria Czaplicka on an expedition to Siberia along the Yenesei. Other members of the group included painter Dora Curtis and Henry Usher Hall of the University of Pennsylvania Museum. They travelled overland to Krasnoyarsk, took the trans-Siberian railway and went down the Yenesei in a steamer. En route she was able to observe several are waders and their nests. They returned by the Kara Sea. Returning from the trip she wrote her most popular work, A Summer on the Yenesei. Her work was inspired by Henry Seebohm and his journey in 1877 which was published in Siber |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Laws%20of%20Physics | The Laws of Physics (Science & Discovery) () is a book by Milton A. Rothman, published in 1963. It describes some fundamental laws of physics in language that is both easy and pleasant to read.
References
Popular physics books
1963 non-fiction books |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stott%20Parker | Douglass Stott Parker (December 31, 1952 – October 4, 2022) was a professor of computer science at UCLA from 1979 to his retirement in 2016, specializing in Data Mining, Bioinformatics, Database Management, Scientific Data Management and Modeling.
Parker was an investigator in the UCLA Center for Computational Biology (an NIH NCBC center), the UCLA Center for Cognitive Phenomics (an NIH project), and works with Chris Lee on bioinformatics databases.
Biography
Parker was born in New Haven, Connecticut, to Haverly Hubert Parker and classics professor Douglass Stott Parker, Sr. He received the A.B. in Mathematics cum laude from Princeton University in 1974. He completed his M.S. and Ph.D. at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign in 1976 and 1978, respectively. Following a period of postdoctoral research at the Universite de Grenoble in France he joined the Faculty of the UCLA Computer Science Department in 1979.
References
Papers
Parker’s academic site lists his papers, under Directories with research results.
External links
UCLA Computer Science Department
1952 births
2022 deaths
Artificial intelligence researchers
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign alumni
Princeton University alumni
University of California, Los Angeles faculty
People from New Haven, Connecticut |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weyl%20integral | In mathematics, the Weyl integral (named after Hermann Weyl) is an operator defined, as an example of fractional calculus, on functions f on the unit circle having integral 0 and a Fourier series. In other words there is a Fourier series for f of the form
with a0 = 0.
Then the Weyl integral operator of order s is defined on Fourier series by
where this is defined. Here s can take any real value, and for integer values k of s the series expansion is the expected k-th derivative, if k > 0, or (−k)th indefinite integral normalized by integration from θ = 0.
The condition a0 = 0 here plays the obvious role of excluding the need to consider division by zero. The definition is due to Hermann Weyl (1917).
See also
Sobolev space
References
Fourier series
Fractional calculus |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20DeGrado | William (Bill) DeGrado (born 1955) is a professor at the University of California, San Francisco, where he is the Toby Herfindal Presidential Professor of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in the Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry. As an early pioneer of protein design, he coined the term de novo protein design. He is also active in discovery of small molecule drugs for a variety of human diseases. He is a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences (1999), American Academy of Arts & Sciences (1997) and National Academy of Inventors. He also is a scientific cofounder of Pliant therapeutics.
Early life & Education
Following high school graduation, DeGrado worked in a coat rack factory, an experience that motivated him to further his education. He attended colleges in the Chicago suburbs, while running a lawn-mowing service. About this time, his father, Jim DeGrado, designed the highly successful Red Solo Cup, while working as a commercial artist at Solo. In appreciation, Solo Cup offered DeGrado, a scholarship for the final two years of college, which DeGrado completed at Kalamazoo College.
DeGrado received his B.A. in chemistry from Kalamazoo College (1978) and a doctorate in organic chemistry from the University of Chicago (1981).
Industrial and academic career
After receiving his PhD in organic chemistry from the University of Chicago (1981), DeGrado began work at DuPont as a research chemist, eventually becoming a senior director for small molecule therapeutics |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistry%20Is%20What%20We%20Are | Chemistry Is What We Are is the debut album by the English rock band Simian. It was released on 9 July 2001 on Source Records in the UK and on 18 September 2001 on Astralwerks (with two bonus tracks) in the US.
Track listing
"Drop and Roll" – 6:25
"The Wisp" – 4:15
"Doba" – 5:14
"You Set Off My Brain" – 4:21
"How Could I Be Right" – 1:42
"One Dimension" – 4:48
"Tree in a Corner" – 2:11
"Orange Glow" – 3:44
"Mr. Crow" – 2:48
"Round and Around" – 4:12
"Chamber" – 3:49
"The Tale of Willow Hill" – 3:37 (US bonus track)
"Grey" – 3:57 (US bonus track)
Personnel
Simian
Simon William Lord – vocals, electric/acoustic guitar, keyboards, drum programming
Alex MacNaghten – bass, backing vocals
James Anthony Shaw – keyboards, drum programming, percussion
James Ford – drums, drum programming
Other personnel
Nilesh Patel – mastering
Mat Maitland – design, art direction
Thomas Grünfeld – artwork
Jason Evans – photography
References
External links
2001 debut albums
Simian (band) albums
Albums produced by James Ford (musician) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis%20Olney | Louis Atwell Olney (1875, Providence, Rhode Island, United States – 1949) was a pioneering textile chemist and educator.
He was the founder and first president of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists which in 1944 established the Olney Medal, in his honor, to recognize outstanding achievements in textile or polymer chemistry or other fields of chemistry of major importance to textile science.
Bibliography
References
1875 births
1949 deaths
American chemists |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel%20Isaac%20Weissman | Dr Samuel Isaac Weissman (June 25, 1912 – June 12, 2007) was an American chemist and professor best known for his work on the application of electron spin resonance (ESR) to chemistry.
Weissman was born in South Bend, Indiana in 1912. He completed a chemistry degree at the University of Chicago in 1933 and his doctorate from the same university in 1938.
Weissman was working on a project on fluorescent energy transfer, which later led to some rare-earth lasers, at the University of California at Berkeley when he was asked to join the Manhattan Project developing atomic weapons in 1943. He was among a group who asked unsuccessfully that the bomb not be dropped on civilian targets.
After his Los Alamos stint, Weissman went to the Washington University in St. Louis in 1946 becoming a full professor in 1955. At Washington University, Weissman worked with others developing the use of electron spin resonance. He was one of the first, probably in parallel with Clyde Hutchison, to measure the hyperfine splitting of the ESR line caused by the interaction with nuclear spins. This hyperfine splitting is the main source of the sensitivity of ESR to the chemical environment of the electron, and hence it underlies the broad applications of ESR in chemistry. Much of his work concerned the way this interaction term behaves as molecules tumble around in solution or undergo chemical reactions. He also investigated the special non-equilibrium ESR effects which are found as reactions take plac |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrochemical%20equivalent | In chemistry, the electrochemical equivalent (Eq or Z) of a chemical element is the mass of that element (in grams) transported by a specific quantity of electricity, usually expressed in grams per coulomb of electric charge. The electrochemical equivalent of an element is measured with a voltameter.
Definition
The electrochemical equivalent of a substance is the mass of the substance deposited to one of the electrodes when a current of 1 ampere is passed for 1 second, i.e. a quantity of electricity of one coulomb is passed.
The formula for finding electrochemical equivalent is as follows:
where is the mass of substance and is the charge passed. Since , where is the current applied and is time, we also have
Eq values of some elements in kg/C
References
Physical chemistry
Units of chemical measurement |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry%20E.%20Kyburg%20Jr. | Henry E. Kyburg Jr. (1928–2007) was Gideon Burbank Professor of Moral Philosophy and Professor of Computer Science at the University of Rochester, New York, and Pace Eminent Scholar at the Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, Florida. His first faculty posts were at Rockefeller Institute, University of Denver, Wesleyan College, and Wayne State University.
Kyburg worked in probability and logic, and is known for his Lottery Paradox (1961). Kyburg also edited Studies in Subjective Probability (1964) with Howard Smokler. Because of this collection's relation to Bayesian probability, Kyburg is often misunderstood to be a Bayesian. His own theory of probability is outlined in Logical Foundations of Statistical Inference (1974), a theory that first found form in his 1961 book Probability and the Logic of Rational Belief (in turn, a work closely related to his doctoral thesis). Kyburg describes his theory as Keynesian and Fisherian (see John Maynard Keynes and Ronald Fisher), a delivery on the promises of Rudolf Carnap and Hans Reichenbach for a logical probability based on reference classes, a reaction to Neyman–Pearson statistics (see Jerzy Neyman, Karl Pearson, and Neyman–Pearson lemma), and neutral with respect to Bayesian confirmational conditionalization. On the latter subject, Kyburg had extended discussion in the literature with lifelong friend and colleague Isaac Levi.
Kyburg's later major works include Epistemology and Inference (1983), a collection |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double%20complex | In mathematics, specifically Homological algebra, a double complex is a generalization of a chain complex where instead of having a -grading, the objects in the bicomplex have a -grading. The most general definition of a double complex, or a bicomplex, is given with objects in an additive category . A bicomplex is a sequence of objects with two differentials, the horizontal differentialand the vertical differentialwhich have the compatibility relationHence a double complex is a commutative diagram of the formwhere the rows and columns form chain complexes.
Some authors instead require that the squares anticommute. That is
This eases the definition of Total Complexes. By setting , we can switch between having commutativity and anticommutativity. If the commutative definition is used, this alternating sign will have to show up in the definition of Total Complexes.
Examples
There are many natural examples of bicomplexes that come up in nature. In particular, for a Lie groupoid, there is a bicomplex associated to itpg 7-8 which can be used to construct its de-Rham complex.
Another common example of bicomplexes are in Hodge theory, where on an almost complex manifold there's a bicomplex of differential forms whose components are linear or anti-linear. For example, if are the complex coordinates of and are the complex conjugate of these coordinates, a -form is of the form
See also
Chain complex
Derived algebraic geometry
Additional applications
https://web.archiv |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septoria%20secalis | Septoria secalis also known as Septoria Leaf Blotch is a fungal plant pathogen infecting rye.
Morphology & Biology
Septoria secalis is a common disease that mainly attacks rye leaves. Small spots appear between leaf veins, elongate, then turn yellow-brown and become pale. The disease appears most often on seedling leaves during the autumn, but also affects adult plants.
Economic Impact
Severe attacks of Septoria secalis can result in crop yield losses between 10% and 40%. Common control measures include crop rotation, the ploughing of plant debris, and fungicidal treatment of affected plants. Yan & Hunt 2001 finds that in most years SLB is the primary yield loss factor in Ontario, Canada. It is also a pathogen of concern in Europe.
References
External links
Fungal plant pathogens and diseases
Rye diseases
secalis |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puccinia%20recondita | Puccinia recondita is a fungus species and plant pathogen belonging to the order of Pucciniales and family Pucciniaceae.
Distribution
This fungal species occurs worldwide.
Biology
It is a heteroecious fungus, macrocyclic, and has five distinct life-stages of development: teliospores, basidiospores, and urediniospores on cereal hosts, and pycniospores and aeciospores on the alternative plant hosts.
Host
These fungi are endoparasites plant pathogens mainly infecting species in the families of Balsaminaceae, Boraginaceae, Hydrophyllaceae, Ranunculaceae and Poaceae (especially wheat and rye). Puccinia recondita was also found to cause 'brown rust' in wheat and triticale (hybrid of wheat and rye). Symptoms of infestation are yellowish to brown spots and pustules on the leaf surfaces of the host plants. Brown rust is the most widespread and prevalent disease of wheat in South America, and is the most important wheat disease in Mexico.
It was originally found on the leaves of a species of Secale (grass) in France.
Subspecies and forms
Puccinia recondita f.sp. secalis - causes brown rust of rye.
In Iceland, Puccinia recondita ssp. borealis infects Agrostis canina, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Calamagrostis stricta, Hierochloe odorata and Thalictrum alpinum.
Gallery
See also
List of Puccinia species
Bibliography
George Baker Cummins: The Rust Fungi of Cereals, Grasses and Bamboos. Springer, Berlin 1971, ISBN 3-540-05336-0.
References
External links
Index Species Fungorum
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sucrose%20acetate%20isobutyrate | Sucrose acetoisobutyrate (SAIB) is an emulsifier and has E number E444. In the United States, SAIB is categorized as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) as a food additive in cocktail mixers, beer, malt beverages, or wine coolers and is a potential replacement for brominated vegetable oil.
Chemistry
SAIB can be prepared by esterification of sucrose with acetic and isobutyric anhydride.
Uses
Beverage emulsions - weighting agent
Color cosmetics and skin care
Flavorings (orange flavor)
Fragrance fixative
Hair care
Horse styling products
References
External links
InChem
Disaccharides
Food additives
Acetate esters
Isobutyrate esters
E-number additives |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kin%20recognition | Kin recognition, also called kin detection, is an organism's ability to distinguish between close genetic kin and non-kin. In evolutionary biology and psychology, such an ability is presumed to have evolved for inbreeding avoidance, though animals do not typically avoid inbreeding.
An additional adaptive function sometimes posited for kin recognition is a role in kin selection. There is debate over this, since in strict theoretical terms kin recognition is not necessary for kin selection or the cooperation associated with it. Rather, social behaviour can emerge by kin selection in the demographic conditions of 'viscous populations' with organisms interacting in their natal context, without active kin discrimination, since social participants by default typically share recent common origin. Since kin selection theory emerged, much research has been produced investigating the possible role of kin recognition mechanisms in mediating altruism. Taken as a whole, this research suggests that active powers of recognition play a negligible role in mediating social cooperation relative to less elaborate cue-based and context-based mechanisms, such as familiarity, imprinting and phenotype matching.
Because cue-based 'recognition' predominates in social mammals, outcomes are non-deterministic in relation to actual genetic kinship, instead outcomes simply reliably correlate with genetic kinship in an organism's typical conditions. A well-known human example of an inbreeding avoidance me |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myron%20W.%20Wentz | Myron W. Wentz is the founder, chairman and former CEO of USANA Health Sciences, a Utah-based multi-level marketing company that produces nutritional products and dietary supplements.
Education
Wentz holds a BSc degree in biology from North Central College in Naperville, Illinois, an MSc degree in microbiology from the University of North Dakota, and a PhD degree in microbiology and immunology from the University of Utah.
Professional history
In 1974, Wentz launched Gull Laboratories as a one-man operation and developed a test for diagnosing Epstein-Barr virus infection. The company was later sold to Fresenius, a German medical products company, in 1994, although Wentz continued as Chairman until 1998. Wentz sold his controlling interests in Gull Laboratories in 1992 and founded USANA Health Sciences in the same year.
Wentz also founded the Sanoviv Medical Institute in 1998, an alternative and holistic medicine center located near Rosarito, Mexico. Wentz served as President of Sanoviv from 1999-2010. The current president is Seth Miller, USANA’s former Director of International Business Development.
Wentz and his family are the sole owners of Gull Holdings, Ltd., an Isle of Man company, which in turn, is controlled by an entity registered in Liechtenstein, both well known tax haven countries. Through Gull Holdings, Wentz owns 51% of USANA.
Shareholder lawsuit
On April 4, 2007, Wentz was named as a defendant in a class-action lawsuit brought against USANA by company share |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMC-10 | AMC-10 may refer to:
AMC-10 (satellite), a communications satellite that belonged to SES Americom
USS Longspur (AMc-10), the USS Longspur was a coastal minesweeper that belonged to the United States Navy
AMC 10, the American Mathematics Competitions for students in grades 10 and below |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altairnano | Altair Nanotechnologies Inc. is an American company specializing in the development and manufacturing of energy storage systems for efficient power and energy management. Altair Nantechnologies designs advanced lithium-ion energy systems and batteries.
Battery technology
Altairnano's best-known product are their lithium-ion batteries, produced by Altair's Power and Energy division. The batteries have an anode made of a lithium titanate oxide formed into a spinel structure. The titanate replaces the graphite anodes of typical lithium ion batteries. The batteries are not the only batteries to use nanomaterials, but other batteries, like those from A123 Systems generally replace the cathode rather than the anode.
References
External links
AltairNano
Battery manufacturers
Electric vehicle battery manufacturers |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20McClellan | James McClellan may refer to:
James H. McClellan, professor of signal processing
James E. McClellan (1926–2016), American veterinarian and politician |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center%20%28category%20theory%29 | In category theory, a branch of mathematics, the center (or Drinfeld center, after Soviet-American mathematician Vladimir Drinfeld) is a variant of the notion of the center of a monoid, group, or ring to a category.
Definition
The center of a monoidal category , denoted , is the category whose objects are pairs (A,u) consisting of an object A of and an isomorphism which is natural in satisfying
and
(this is actually a consequence of the first axiom).
An arrow from (A,u) to (B,v) in consists of an arrow in such that
.
This definition of the center appears in . Equivalently, the center may be defined as
i.e., the endofunctors of C which are compatible with the left and right action of C on itself given by the tensor product.
Braiding
The category becomes a braided monoidal category with the tensor product on objects defined as
where , and the obvious braiding.
Higher categorical version
The categorical center is particularly useful in the context of higher categories. This is illustrated by the following example: the center of the (abelian) category of R-modules, for a commutative ring R, is again. The center of a monoidal ∞-category C can be defined, analogously to the above, as
.
Now, in contrast to the above, the center of the derived category of R-modules (regarded as an ∞-category) is given by the derived category of modules over the cochain complex encoding the Hochschild cohomology, a complex whose degree 0 term is R (as in the abelian situation |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisabeth%20Kalko | Elisabeth Klara Viktoria Kalko (10 April 1962 – 26 September 2011 in Berlin) was a German tropical scientist and ecologist working at the Smithsonian Institution and the University of Ulm.
Life
Elisabeth Kalko grew up in the Heilbron area and studied biology up from 1981 at University of Tübingen, Germany and graduated with a diploma. She gained a doctorate (Ph.D.) in 1991. The topic of her Ph.D. thesis was The ecolocation and hunting behaviour of three European dwarf bat species Pipistrellus pipistrellus (Schreber, 1774), Pipistrellus nathuslii (Keyserling et Blasius, 1839) and Pipistrellus kuhli (Kuhl, 1819), in the wild. Her doctoral studies were conducted as fellow of the National Merit Foundation ('Studienstiftung', 1984–1987, 1988–1990). From 1991 to 1993, Kalko held a NATO post-doctoral fellowship for research at the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C. (USA) and at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama. From 1993 to 1997, she worked on the DFG programs 'Mechanism maintaining tropical diversity' (research group) and 'Diversity, structure and dynamics of neotropical bats' and held a DFG Heisenberg fellowship from 1997 to 1999. The fellowship was completed in 1999 in Tübingen.
In 1999, Kalko was appointed staff scientist at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute in Panama. She spent considerable time on expeditions and at scientific institutions in the US, including National Museum of Natural History in Washi |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horace%20R.%20Byers | Horace Robert Byers (March 12, 1906 – May 22, 1998) was an American meteorologist who pioneered in aviation meteorology, synoptic weather analysis (weather forecasting), severe convective storms, cloud physics, and weather modification. Byers is most well known for his work as director of U.S. Weather Bureau's Thunderstorm Project in which, among other things, the modern cell morphology and life cycle of a thunderstorm were established. He is also known for his professional involvement with Carl-Gustaf Arvid Rossby and Tetsuya Theodore Fujita.
Biography
During high school Byers developed a strong interest in journalism and worked as a reporter around the San Francisco Bay area, full-time for a year after graduation and then part-time while at the University of California, Berkeley. At university he became acquainted with science in the geography department and chose atmospheric sciences as his career. He graduated with an A.B. degree in geography in 1929, afterward studying meteorology under Rossby and Hurd C. Willett at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) on a fellowship from the Daniel Guggenheim Fund, receiving his M.S. in 1932 with the thesis The Air Masses of the North Pacific. In 1934 he earned an Alfred P. Sloan Fellowship to study meteorology, attaining his Sc.D. in 1935 with the dissertation The Changes in Air Masses During Lifting.
Byers joined the faculty of the University of Chicago in 1940, eventually helping establish the Department of Meteorology |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siegel%27s%20lemma | In mathematics, specifically in transcendental number theory and Diophantine approximation, Siegel's lemma refers to bounds on the solutions of linear equations obtained by the construction of auxiliary functions. The existence of these polynomials was proven by Axel Thue; Thue's proof used Dirichlet's box principle. Carl Ludwig Siegel published his lemma in 1929. It is a pure existence theorem for a system of linear equations.
Siegel's lemma has been refined in recent years to produce sharper bounds on the estimates given by the lemma.
Statement
Suppose we are given a system of M linear equations in N unknowns such that N > M, say
where the coefficients are rational integers, not all 0, and bounded by B. The system then has a solution
with the Xs all rational integers, not all 0, and bounded by
gave the following sharper bound for the X'''s:
where D is the greatest common divisor of the M × M minors of the matrix A, and AT is its transpose. Their proof involved replacing the pigeonhole principle by techniques from the geometry of numbers.
See also
Diophantine approximation
References
Wolfgang M. Schmidt. Diophantine approximation. Lecture Notes in Mathematics 785. Springer. (1980 [1996 with minor corrections]) (Pages 125-128 and 283-285)
Wolfgang M. Schmidt. "Chapter I: Siegel's Lemma and Heights" (pages 1–33). Diophantine approximations and Diophantine equations'', Lecture Notes in Mathematics, Springer Verlag 2000.
Lemmas
Diophantine approximation
Diophantine |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal%20of%20Physics%3A%20Condensed%20Matter | Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter is a weekly peer-reviewed scientific journal established in 1989 and published by IOP Publishing. The journal covers all areas of condensed matter physics including soft matter and nanostructures. The editor-in-chief is Gianfranco Pacchioni (University of Milano-Bicocca).
The journal was formed by the merger of Journal of Physics C: Solid State Physics and Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics in 1989.
Abstracting and indexing
This journal is abstracted and indexed in:
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2022 impact factor of 2.7.
References
External links
Physics journals
IOP Publishing academic journals
Weekly journals
English-language journals
Academic journals established in 1989 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul%20Hardin | Paul Hardin may refer to:
Paul Hardin Jr. (1903–1996), American Methodist bishop
Paul Hardin (chronobiologist) (born 1960), American scientist in the field of chronobiology
Paul Hardin III (1931–2017), American academic administrator
See also
Paul Harding (disambiguation) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard%20Dudley | Richard Dudley may refer to:
Richard Dudley (1518–1593), miner
Richard M. Dudley (1938–2020), professor of mathematics
Richard Houston Dudley (1836–1914), American politician, Confederate soldier and businessman
Dick Dudley (1915–2000), American radio and television announcer |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Facts%20of%20Life%20%28Darlington%20book%29 | The Facts of Life is a book published in 1953 by C. D. Darlington of the subject of race, heredity and evolution. Darlington was a major contributor to the field of genetics around the time of the modern synthesis.
References
1953 non-fiction books
Biology books
Modern synthesis (20th century) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berthelot%27s%20reagent | Berthelot's reagent is an alkaline solution of phenol and hypochlorite, used in analytical chemistry. It is named after its inventor, Marcellin Berthelot. Ammonia reacts with Berthelot's reagent to form a blue product which is used in a colorimetric method for determining ammonia. The reagent can also be used for determining urea. In this case the enzyme urease is used to catalyze the hydrolysis of urea into carbon dioxide and ammonia. The ammonia is then determined with Berthelot's reagent.
Variations
Phenol in the Berthelot reagent can be replaced by a variety of phenolic reagents, the most common being sodium salicylate, which is significantly less toxic. This has been used for blood urea nitrogen (BUN) determinations and commonly is used to determine water and soil total and ammonia-N. Replacement of phenol by 2-phenylphenol reduces interferences by a variety of soil and water constituents and improves color stability at slightly lower pH.
Uses
Berthelot's reagent has been used in a range of situations. It is often used in colorimetric methods, through an AutoAnalyzer, spectrophotometer, or multiwell plate spectrophotometer. The reagent lacks sensitivity in situations where there may be amines as well as ammonia, however this can be overcome in part by the use of 2-phenylphenol to replace phenol. An ion selective electrode, or distillation/titration method can often be used in cases where Berthelot chemistry is ineffective.
Berthelot chemistry has also been adapted |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixl | Pixl may refer to:
Pixl, a character in Super Paper Mario
PixL, an American cable television network
PiXL, a vision correction procedure
PIXL, acronym for Planetary Instrument for X-Ray Lithochemistry, an instrument on the Perseverance Mars rover
See also
Pixel (disambiguation) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geobios | Geobios is an academic journal published bimonthly by the publishing house Elsevier. Geobios is an international journal of paleontology, focusing on the areas of palaeobiology, palaeoecology, palaeobiogeography, stratigraphy and biogeochemistry.
Geobios is indexed and abstracted in: Science Citation Index, ISI, Bulletin signalétique, PASCAL, Geo Abstracts, Biological Abstracts, The Geoscience Database, Referativnyi Zhurnal, SciSearch, Research Alert and Current Contents/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences.
Description
Articles are published only in English, following a standard peer-review process (usually involving 3 reviewers) supervised by an associate-editor through the Journal's submission web site. Articles are published in a printed (paper) format as well as in electronic format on the Geobios ScienceDirect web site. All taxonomic groups are treated, including microfossils, invertebrates, plants, vertebrates and ichnofossils.
Geobios welcomes descriptive papers based on original material (e.g. large Systematic Paleontology works), as well as more analytically or methodologically-oriented papers, provided they offer strong and significant biochronological/biostratigraphical, paleobiogeographical, paleobiological and/or phylogenetic new insights and perspectives. A high priority level is given to synchronic and/or diachronic studies based on multi- or inter-disciplinary approaches mixing various fields of Earth and Life Sciences. Works based on extant data are also c |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amit%20Singhal | Amitabh Kumar "Amit" Singhal (born September 1968) is a former senior vice president at Google Inc., having been a Google Fellow and the head of Google's Search team for 15 years.
Biography
Born in Jhansi, a city in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India, Singhal received a Bachelor of Engineering degree in computer science from IIT Roorkee in 1989. He continued his computer science education in the United States, and received an M.S. degree from University of Minnesota Duluth in 1991. He wrote about his time at the University of Minnesota Duluth:
Singhal continued his studies at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, and received a Ph.D. degree in 1996. At Cornell, Singhal studied with Gerard Salton, a pioneer in the field of information retrieval, the academic discipline which forms the foundation of modern search. John Battelle, in his book The Search, calls Gerard Salton "the father of digital search." After getting a Ph.D. in 1996, Singhal joined AT&T Labs (previously a part of Bell Labs), where he continued his research in information retrieval, speech retrieval and other related fields.
Controversy
He left Google on 26 February 2016, following sexual-harassment allegations.
He later joined Uber as Senior Vice President of software engineering in 2017 but was asked to resign for failing to disclose the reason for his resignation from Google. It was later revealed that Google paid him $35 Million as his exit package.
Career
In 2000, he was recruited by friend Krishn |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auxiliary%20function | In mathematics, auxiliary functions are an important construction in transcendental number theory. They are functions that appear in most proofs in this area of mathematics and that have specific, desirable properties, such as taking the value zero for many arguments, or having a zero of high order at some point.
Definition
Auxiliary functions are not a rigorously defined kind of function, rather they are functions which are either explicitly constructed or at least shown to exist and which provide a contradiction to some assumed hypothesis, or otherwise prove the result in question. Creating a function during the course of a proof in order to prove the result is not a technique exclusive to transcendence theory, but the term "auxiliary function" usually refers to the functions created in this area.
Explicit functions
Liouville's transcendence criterion
Because of the naming convention mentioned above, auxiliary functions can be dated back to their source simply by looking at the earliest results in transcendence theory. One of these first results was Liouville's proof that transcendental numbers exist when he showed that the so called Liouville numbers were transcendental. He did this by discovering a transcendence criterion which these numbers satisfied. To derive this criterion he started with a general algebraic number α and found some property that this number would necessarily satisfy. The auxiliary function he used in the course of proving this criterion was |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victorian%20Photonics%20Network | Victorian Photonics Network was a photonics industry organisation for the photonics cluster in Victoria, Australia. It was established on 23 October 2002 as an initiative of the State Government of Victoria.
The organisation participated in developing a new VCE physics study design.
The chairman is Peter Gerrand, previously CEO of Melbourne IT.
The organisation ceased to exist as of May 2015.
References
Sources
http://spie.org/industry-resources/photonics-clusters/victorian-photonics-network
https://archive.today/20060917112348/http://www.mmv.vic.gov.au/Photonics
http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2003/08/18/1061059758230.html
http://www.parliament.vic.gov.au/archive/etc/Submissions/prof_learn/australaininstituteofphysics270607.pdf
https://www.kingfisherfiber.com/about/milestones-achievements/
External links
Website
Victorian Photonics Network on Multimedia Victoria website
Photonics companies
2002 establishments in Australia
2015 disestablishments in Australia |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phil%20McCrea | Phil McCrea (1948-2016) was president of the National Association of Biology Teachers. He was a biology instructor who also published scholarly works, won the Illinois Outstanding Biology Teacher Award, and appeared on Oprah as an expert on household sanitation.
Employment
Phil McCrea was a biology teacher at New Trier High School in Northfield, Illinois and taught at The College of Lake County (CLC) in Grayslake, Illinois and at Mchenry Community College (MCC) in Crystal Lake, IL. He taught at New Trier starting in 1971, at CLC since 1995, and at MCC starting the summer of 2008. He won the outstanding part-time faculty award from the College of Lake County in 2006. At New Trier, he was a sponsor of the Biology Club as well as the Biology Coach for Science Olympiad.
Educational background
Phil McCrea received his bachelor's degree in Science from the University of Illinois Chicago (UIC) in 1970, and also received his master's degree in Behavioral Genetics in 1974 from UIC.
Awards and honors
Phil McCrea was the President of the National Association of Biology Teachers in 2000. He was also the Executive secretary and Treasurer of the Illinois Association of Biology Teachers since 1981 In 1980 he won the Outstanding Biology Teacher Award for Illinois. Furthermore, he was a member of the Council of Scientific Society Presidents from 1999 to 2001.
Oprah
Another claim to fame was his appearance on The Oprah Winfrey Show in 1997. He was invited as a biologist to comment about h |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BGA | BGA may refer to:
Organizations
Battle Ground Academy, a private school in Franklin, Tennessee, US
Behavior Genetics Association
Boldklubberne Glostrup Albertslund, a Danish football club
British Gear Association
British Gliding Association
British Go Association
British Geophysical Association
British-German Association
Palonegro International Airport, Colombia, by IATA code
The Bundesverband Großhandel, Außenhandel, Dienstleistungen (The Federation of German Wholesale, Foreign Trade and Services)
Other uses
Ball grid array, a type of surface-mount packaging used for integrated circuits
Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae)
Break glass alarm, a type of manually activated fire alarm; see Fire alarm pull station
Bach-Gesellschaft Ausgabe, the first complete edition of Johann Sebastian Bach's compositions
Boys Generally Asian (BgA), a parody K-Pop group |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wellcome%20Genome%20Campus | The Wellcome Genome Campus is a scientific research campus built in the grounds of Hinxton Hall, Hinxton in Cambridgeshire, England.
Campus
The Campus is home to some institutes and organisations in genomics and computational biology. The Campus is part of the Wellcome Trust, a global charitable foundation that exists to improve health, and houses the Wellcome Sanger Institute, the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI), the bioinformatics outstation of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), and a number of biotech companies whose UK offices are located in the BioData Innovation Centre acting as an incubator for businesses of all sizes. Today, the Campus is a globally significant hub for scientific, business, educational and cultural activities for genomic and biodata sciences.
Over the next 15 years, there are significant plans to grow the Campus, extending its facilities to expand its community of scientific talent and business leaders with aligned interests.
Campus Facilities
As the leading hub of genomic science in Europe, the campus provides a range of facilities and services to support academic research, and businesses that operate in the genomics and biodata market. Its facilities include:
350+ seminars, lectures and training courses a year (free and paid for) to help educate staff and keep their skills current.
A state-of-the-art conference centre that attracts thousands of visitors every year.
Connecting Science is a group of experts who help the |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Listeriolysin%20O | Listeriolysin O (LLO) is a hemolysin produced by the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes, the pathogen responsible for causing listeriosis. The toxin may be considered a virulence factor, since it is crucial for the virulence of L. monocytogenes.
Biochemistry
Listeriolysin O is a non-enzymatic, cytolytic, thiol-activated, cholesterol-dependent cytolysin; hence, it is activated by reducing agents and inhibited by oxidizing agents. However, LLO differs from other thiol-activated toxins, since its cytolytic activity is maximized at a pH of 5.5.
By maximizing activity at a pH of 5.5, LLO is selectively activated within the acidic phagosomes (average pH ~ 5.9) of cells that have phagocytosed L. monocytogenes. After LLO lyses the phagosome, the bacterium escapes into the cytosol, where it can grow intracellularly. Upon release from the phagosome, the toxin has little activity in the more basic cytosol.
Furthermore, LLO permits L. monocytogenes to escape from phagosomes into the cytosol without damaging the plasma membrane of the infected cell. This allows the bacteria to live intracellularly, where they are protected from extracellular immune system factors such as the complement system and antibodies.
LLO also causes dephosphorylation of histone H3 and deacetylation of histone H4 during the early phases of infection, prior to entry of L. monocytogenes into the host cell. The pore-forming activity is not involved in causing the histone modifications. The alterations of the his |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20C.%20Wang | James C. Wang (; born November 18, 1936) is Chinese-born American biochemist and biologist. He is a Harvard University Professor of biochemistry and molecular biology. Wang was the first discoverer of topoisomerases. He was elected as an academician of the Taiwan Academia Sinica in 1982 and a member of the United States National Academy of Sciences.
After his bachelor's degree at National Taiwan University and his doctoral studies at the University of Missouri, he became a research fellow at the California Institute of Technology. He then taught at the University of California at Berkeley from 1966 until 1977, when he joined the faculty at Harvard University. He was named the Mallinckrodt Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at Harvard in 1988. Retired in 2006.
Wang discovered DNA topoisomerases (or local enzymes) and proposed a mechanism for their operation in the 1970s. He also studied the configuration (or topology) of DNA, an approach that proved fruitful in helping to explain how the structure of the double helix coils and relaxes.
References
External links
Biography
1936 births
Living people
American biochemists
American molecular biologists
Chinese emigrants to the United States
Chinese biochemists
Chinese molecular biologists
Harvard University faculty
Members of Academia Sinica
National Taiwan University alumni
University of California, Berkeley faculty
Chemists from Jiangsu
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
Educators from Jia |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menger%20curvature | In mathematics, the Menger curvature of a triple of points in n-dimensional Euclidean space Rn is the reciprocal of the radius of the circle that passes through the three points. It is named after the Austrian-American mathematician Karl Menger.
Definition
Let x, y and z be three points in Rn; for simplicity, assume for the moment that all three points are distinct and do not lie on a single straight line. Let Π ⊆ Rn be the Euclidean plane spanned by x, y and z and let C ⊆ Π be the unique Euclidean circle in Π that passes through x, y and z (the circumcircle of x, y and z). Let R be the radius of C. Then the Menger curvature c(x, y, z) of x, y and z is defined by
If the three points are collinear, R can be informally considered to be +∞, and it makes rigorous sense to define c(x, y, z) = 0. If any of the points x, y and z are coincident, again define c(x, y, z) = 0.
Using the well-known formula relating the side lengths of a triangle to its area, it follows that
where A denotes the area of the triangle spanned by x, y and z.
Another way of computing Menger curvature is the identity
where is the angle made at the y-corner of the triangle spanned by x,y,z.
Menger curvature may also be defined on a general metric space. If X is a metric space and x,y, and z are distinct points, let f be an isometry from into . Define the Menger curvature of these points to be
Note that f need not be defined on all of X, just on {x,y,z}, and the value cX (x,y,z) is independent of the c |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LIGO%20Scientific%20Collaboration | The LIGO Scientific Collaboration (LSC) is a scientific collaboration of international physics institutes and research groups dedicated to the search for gravitational waves.
History
The LSC was established in 1997, under the leadership of Barry Barish. Its mission is to ensure equal scientific opportunity for individual participants and institutions by organizing research, publications, and all other scientific activities, and it includes scientists from both LIGO Laboratory and collaborating institutions. Barish appointed Rainer Weiss as the first spokesperson.
LSC members have access to the US-based Advanced LIGO detectors in Hanford, Washington and in Livingston, Louisiana, as well as the GEO 600 detector in Sarstedt, Germany. Under an agreement with the European Gravitational Observatory (EGO), LSC members also have access to data from the Virgo detector in Pisa, Italy. While the LSC and the Virgo Collaboration are separate organizations, they cooperate closely and are referred to collectively as "LVC". The KAGRA observatory's collaboration has joined the LIGO-Virgo collective, and the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collective is called "LVK".
The current LSC Spokesperson is Patrick Brady of University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. The Executive Director of the LIGO Laboratory is David Reitze from the University of Florida.
On 11 February 2016, the LIGO and Virgo collaborations announced that they succeeded in making the first direct gravitational wave observation on 14 September 2015. |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revista%20de%20Biologia | Revista de Biologia is a biannual peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research in biology, especially mediterranean and tropical ecology. It is published by the Botanical Garden of the University of Lisbon and was established in 1956. Until 1974, the journal was published jointly by the Botanical Gardens of Rio de Janeiro, Lisbon, Dundo, and Lourenço Marques. The editors-in-chief are Amélia Martins-Loução, Fernando Catarino, and Ireneia Melo.
External links
Biology journals
Academic journals established in 1956
Portuguese-language journals |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloch%27s%20theorem%20%28complex%20variables%29 | In complex analysis, a branch of mathematics, Bloch's theorem describes the behaviour of holomorphic functions defined on the unit disk. It gives a lower bound on the size of a disk in which an inverse to a holomorphic function exists. It is named after André Bloch.
Statement
Let f be a holomorphic function in the unit disk |z| ≤ 1 for which
Bloch's Theorem states that there is a disk S ⊂ D on which f is biholomorphic and f(S) contains a disk with radius 1/72.
Landau's theorem
If f is a holomorphic function in the unit disk with the property |f′(0)| = 1, then let Lf be the radius of the largest disk contained in the image of f.
Landau's theorem states that there is a constant L defined as the infimum of Lf over all such functions f, and that L is greater than Bloch's constant L ≥ B.
This theorem is named after Edmund Landau.
Valiron's theorem
Bloch's theorem was inspired by the following theorem of Georges Valiron:
Theorem. If f is a non-constant entire function then there exist disks D of arbitrarily large radius and analytic functions φ in D such that f(φ(z)) = z for z in D.
Bloch's theorem corresponds to Valiron's theorem via the so-called Bloch's Principle.
Proof
Landau's theorem
We first prove the case when f(0) = 0, f′(0) = 1, and |f′(z)| ≤ 2 in the unit disk.
By Cauchy's integral formula, we have a bound
where γ is the counterclockwise circle of radius r around z, and 0 < r < 1 − |z|.
By Taylor's theorem, for each z in the unit disk, there exists 0 ≤ t ≤ |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas%20Kinsella | Thomas Douglas Kinsella, CM (15 February 1932 – 15 June 2004) was a Canadian medical doctor and expert on medical ethics and founder of Canada's National Council on Ethics in Human Research.
Career
Kinsella is particularly noted for his research on ethical, legal and medical issues surrounding assisted suicide, euthanasia and genetics research. He is well known for championing research ethics, particularly as these apply to human experimentation, and was a founding member of the Tri-Council Working Group on Ethics.
Kinsella studied medicine at McGill University in Montreal in the 1950s and became professor at Queen's University in 1968. After two years at McGill, he moved to the University of Calgary, where he spent the rest of his career. In 1984, the University of Calgary appointed Kinsella as associate dean for medical bioethics. He practiced as a rheumatologist.
In 1995, he was awarded the Order of Canada for his contributions to the field of bioethics.
He was president of the Canadian Bioethics Society and a prominent witness during hearings on euthanasia held by the Canadian senate in 1995.
Legacy
The Canadian Institutes of Health Research supply an annual research grant in Kinsella's name to "the highest ranking CIHR Doctoral Research Award or Canada Graduate Scholarships Doctoral Award applicant whose research focuses on ethical issues related to health and/or health research." The CIHR Douglas Kinsella Doctoral Award for Research in Bioethics was first awarded in |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boles%C5%82aw%20Szyma%C5%84ski | Bolesław Karol Szymański (born 22 April 1950 in Pasłęk) is the Claire and Roland Schmitt Distinguished Professor at the Department of Computer Science and the Founding Head of the Center for Network Science and Technology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. He is known for multiple contributions to computer science, including Szymański's algorithm.
Current Work
Szymański is the Director of the Social Cognitive Networks Academic Research Center, which studies the fundamentals of social and cognitive network science; the center is a part of the Network Science Collaborative Technology Alliance funded by the United States Army. He is also the Principal Investigator in the International Technology Alliance. His projects include dynamic processes on networks, hidden groups in social networks, sensor network protocols and algorithms, and large-scale parallel and distributed computing and simulation. He received ITA Distinguished Service Award in 2007. Szymański is also one of the Principals in the MilkyWay@home project that seeks to model the streams of stars in the Milky Way Galaxy that were pulled from nearby galaxies (e.g. Saggitarius). Szymański was also a visiting professor at University of Pennsylvania, Stanford University, and Wrocław University of Technology and a member of the Kosciuszko Foundation Collegium of Eminent Scientists of Polish Origin and Ancestry.
Current Positions
His current positions (Jan 2011) are :
Claire and Roland W. Schmitt Distinguished Professor] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20ellipsoid | In mathematics, the John ellipsoid or Löwner-John ellipsoid E(K) associated to a convex body K in n-dimensional Euclidean space Rn can refer to the n-dimensional ellipsoid of maximal volume contained within K or the ellipsoid of minimal volume that contains K.
Often, the minimal volume ellipsoid is called the Löwner ellipsoid, and the maximal volume ellipsoid is called the John ellipsoid (although John worked with the minimal volume ellipsoid in its original paper). One can also refer to the minimal volume circumscribed ellipsoid as the outer Löwner-John ellipsoid, and the maximum volume inscribed ellipsoid as the inner Löwner-John ellipsoid.
Properties
The John ellipsoid is named after the German-American mathematician Fritz John, who proved in 1948 that each convex body in Rn is circumscribed by a unique ellipsoid of minimal volume and that the dilation of this ellipsoid by factor 1/n is contained inside the convex body.
The inner Löwner-John ellipsoid E(K) of a convex body K ⊂ Rn is a closed unit ball B in Rn if and only if B ⊆ K and there exists an integer m ≥ n and, for i = 1, ..., m, real numbers ci > 0 and unit vectors ui ∈ Sn−1 ∩ ∂K such that
and, for all x ∈ Rn
Applications
The computation of Löwner-John ellipsoids (and in more general, the computation of minimal-volume polynomial level sets enclosing a set) has found many applications in control and robotics. In particular, computing Löwner-John ellipsoids has applications in obstacle collision detection for |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.