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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ana%20Mar%C3%ADa%20Cetto | Ana María Cetto Kramis (born 1946, in Mexico City) is a Mexican physicist and professor. She is known for her contributions to quantum mechanics, stochastic, electrodynamics, and biophysics of light, and for her work as a pacifist. From 2003 to 2010 she was Deputy Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). She is also professor at the Faculty of Sciences at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), of which she was also director. Cetto is responsible for several scientific literature programs in Latin America and for several international programs on the promotion and participation of women in science.
Early life and education
She has a bachelor's degree in physics from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) and graduate degrees from both, Harvard University and the National Autonomous University of Mexico. At Harvard University, she did a master's degree in biophysics, then returning to Mexico, where she obtained her master's degree and PhD in physics at UNAM. Becoming the first woman doctorate in Mexico. She is a researcher at the Physics Institute of the UNAM, and professor at the Faculty of Sciences of the same university. She is also the daughter of the renowned Mexican architect Max Cetto.
National and international work
Ana María Cetto is an expert in theoretical physics, her specialty is Quantum Mechanics, Stochastic Electrodynamics and Biological Physics. She has been director of the Faculty of Sciences at UNAM (1978- |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instant%20Physics | Instant Physics (full title: Instant Physics: From Aristotle to Einstein, and Beyond) is a book by Tony Rothman first published by Fawcett Columbine in 1995. The book, meant for readers with a minimal amount of mathematical training, consists of ten chapters that cover most of the essential topics in physics, from classical mechanics and thermodynamics to nuclear physics, general relativity, and quantum mechanics. It has proven very popular with the public and as of 2017 remains in print.
References
1995 non-fiction books
Popular physics books |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lynn%20Colliar | Lynn Colliar (born 22 November 1967) is a Canadian television anchor.
Biography
Colliar was born in Scotland and grew up in Port Coquitlam, British Columbia. She is a graduate of Port Coquitlam Senior Secondary and went on to SFU where she graduated with a degree in biology. Colliar worked at veterinary clinics as an assistant for seven years. She then enrolled in the two-year Broadcast Journalism program at the British Columbia Institute of Technology.
Television career
In 1991, Colliar went to work at Global BC, where she began as a newswriter before moving to a full-time reporting position. Her production, "A Shred of Evidence", a half-hour special, was awarded the Excellence in News Reporting Award by the British Columbia Association of Broadcasters. The production dealt with how intricate scientific details pieced together as evidence led to convictions in major B.C. homicides.
In 2005 Colliar was inducted into the Terry Fox Wall of Fame. From 1998 to 2001, she was the channel's sole morning news anchor. 10 September 2010 marked Colliar's last day as a co-anchor with Steve Darling on the Global BC's Morning News. On 27 September 2010, she began her new role as Senior Investigative Reporter for the News Hour. She is now back on the anchor desk anchoring the Saturday and Sunday Morning News.
On 15 November 2018, Colliar decided to step away from Global BC & journalism to focus on her career as a mom.
Acting career
Colliar had a minor role in Watchmen as an anchor and |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%BAlio%20Ximenes%20S%C3%AAnior | Júlio Ximenes Sênior (March 13, 1901 in Uberaba, Minas Gerais – April 11, 1975 in Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro) was a Brazilian scientist and medical doctor, in the research field of biochemistry, microbiology, and was also a career Brazilian Army officer.
Military career
He attained the rank of brigadier-general during World War II. He had also served as a captain in São Paulo during the Revolution of 1930, which ultimately brought twice-Brazilian president, Getúlio Vargas, into power for the first time. Dr. Ximenes sustained injuries in these conflicts, and was decorated for bravery under fire.
During his military life, he and his family were relocated all over Brazil, including to very remote military outposts of the Amazon, and Mato Grosso do Sul. He was later permanently transferred to Rio de Janeiro, then capital of Brazil, where his family were amongst the first inhabitants of a burgeoning Copacabana, the legendary Carioca beach.
He served as requisitioner-general of the Brazilian Army, a position requiring tact, as well as honesty, as pharmaceutical companies were insistent that their stock be chosen over the other.
In fact, President Vargas once said of the General, "Ximenes is a rare Brazilian: a completely incorruptible man".
Béchamp versus Pasteur
In 1957, having combed the archives of several countries for almost a decade, he wrote Béchamp versus Pasteur, a Portuguese-language monograph on Antoine Béchamp's battles with arch-rival, Louis Pasteur on the top |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department%20of%20Petroleum%20Engineering%20and%20Applied%20Geophysics%2C%20NTNU | In 2017 the department was merged with the Department of Geology and Mineral Resources Engineering, forming the new
Department of Geoscience and Petroleum.
The Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) is the key university of science and technology in Norway. The Department of Petroleum Engineering and Applied Geophysics (IPT) was established in 1973, shortly after the start of production (Ekofisk field) from the Norwegian continental shelf. The department came to include Petroleum Engineering as well as Geophysics, which is seen as a major strength of the petroleum education at NTNU. The department has elected chairman and vice chairman, and 4 informal groups of professors; geophysics, drilling, production and reservoir engineering. The stated primary purpose of maintaining the informal groups is to take care of the teaching in their respective disciplines. Each group is responsible for offering a sufficient number of courses, semester projects and thesis projects at MSc and PhD levels in their discipline, and to make annual revisions of these in accordance with the needs of society and industry. The total number of professors, associate professors, assistant professors and adjunct professors is 32. The administrative staff is led by a department administrator, and consists of a total of 6 secretaries. The technical support staff reports to the department head, and consists of 8 engineers and technicians. Until 2000, the department was part of the Applied Ear |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keldysh%20formalism | In non-equilibrium physics, the Keldysh formalism is a general framework for describing the quantum mechanical evolution of a system in a non-equilibrium state or systems subject to time varying external fields (electrical field, magnetic field etc.). Historically, it was foreshadowed by the work of Julian Schwinger and proposed almost simultaneously by Leonid Keldysh and, separately, Leo Kadanoff and Gordon Baym. It was further developed by later contributors such as O. V. Konstantinov and V. I. Perel.
Extensions to driven-dissipative open quantum systems is given not only for bosonic systems, but also for fermionic systems.
The Keldysh formalism provides a systematic way to study non-equilibrium systems, usually based on the two-point functions corresponding to excitations in the system. The main mathematical object in the Keldysh formalism is the non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF), which is a two-point function of particle fields. In this way, it resembles the Matsubara formalism, which is based on equilibrium Green functions in imaginary-time and treats only equilibrium systems.
Time evolution of a quantum system
Consider a general quantum mechanical system. This system has the Hamiltonian . Let the initial state of the system be the pure state . If we now add a time-dependent perturbation to this Hamiltonian, say , the full Hamiltonian is and hence the system will evolve in time under the full Hamiltonian. In this section, we will see how time evolution actu |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lone%20Star%20Infrastructure | Lone Star Infrastructure (LSI) is a consortium of major highway construction contractors and civil engineering firms that was awarded a Comprehensive Development Agreement by the Texas Department of Transportation to design and build State Highway 130.
Member companies
Fluor Daniel
Balfour Beatty Construction, Inc.
T.J. Lambrecht Construction, Inc.
DMJM + HARRIS (a subsidiary of AECOM)
Dr. Dan Zollinger
S&B Infrastructure, Ltd.
Southwest Strategies Group, Inc.
SWG&M Advertising, Inc.
Hicks & Company
TBE Group, Inc.
VMS, Inc.
Austin Road & Bridge
Raba Kistner Consultants, Inc.
Jones Bros., Inc.
Bridgefarmer & Associates, Inc.
Macias & Associates, Inc.
O.R. Colan Associates, Inc.
Dr. Dallas Little, P.E.
CTL/Thompson, Inc.
Environmental considerations
In June, 2007, LSI was granted Gold Level certification by the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality for its participation in the Clean Texas program. To obtain material for the construction of SH 130, LSI negotiated to recycle the asphalt runways at the retired Mueller Airport in Austin, Texas, reducing the amount of virgin material needed for the project by over 250,000 tons and reducing the amount of material sent to a landfill. In addition, LSI installed numerous bat boxes beneath the decks of the new SH 130 bridges to support Mexican free-tailed bat colonies.
References
External links
About LSI from the official SH 130 website
Construction and civil engineering companies of the United States
Compan |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andreas%20Blass | Andreas Raphael Blass (born October 27, 1947) is a mathematician, currently a professor at the University of Michigan. He works in mathematical logic, particularly set theory, and theoretical computer science.
Blass graduated from the University of Detroit, where he was a Putnam Fellow in 1965, in 1966 with a B.S. in physics. He received his Ph.D. in 1970 from Harvard University, with a thesis on Orderings of Ultrafilters written under the supervision of Frank Wattenberg. Since 1970 he has been employed by the University of Michigan, first as a T.H. Hildebrandt Research Instructor (1970–72), then assistant professor (1972–76), associate professor (1976–84) and since 1984 he has been a full professor there.
In 2014, he became a Fellow of the American Mathematical Society.
Selected publications and results
In 1984 Blass proved that the existence of a basis for every vector space is equivalent to the axiom of choice. He made important contributions in the development of the set theory of the reals and forcing.
Blass was the first to point out connections between game semantics and linear logic.
He has authored more than 200 research articles in mathematical logic and theoretical computer science, including:
References
External links
Blass's page at UM
Living people
20th-century German mathematicians
21st-century American mathematicians
Set theorists
University of Detroit Mercy alumni
Harvard University alumni
University of Michigan faculty
Putnam Fellows
1947 births
E |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mona%20Nemer | Mona Nemer, (born 1957) is a Lebanese-Canadian scientist specializing in molecular genetics and cardiac regeneration. She was formerly a professor of pharmacology at the University of Montreal and the Director of the Cardiac Development Research Unit at the Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM) where she held a Tier 1 Canada Research Chair in Cardiovascular Cell Differentiation. She is a professor of biochemistry at the University of Ottawa's Faculty of Medicine, and also served as Vice-President, Research at the University of Ottawa from 2006 to 2017.
On September 26, 2017, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau announced that after a selection process, Nemer was chosen as Canada's new Chief Science Advisor – the first national science advisor since 2008.
Early life
Nemer was born in Beirut, Lebanon in 1957 where she found her passion for chemistry. At the age of 17, she and her classmates successfully advocated to create a science stream at her all-girls school.
She left Lebanon during the civil war and moved to Kansas where she obtained a bachelor's degree in 1977, majoring in chemistry with minors in French and mathematics at Wichita State University. In the summer of 1977, Nemer visited Montreal with friends. The visit convinced her to attend graduate school in the city. She went on to complete a PhD in bio-organic chemistry from McGill University in 1982 under the supervision of Kelvin Ogilvie.
Career
Nemer's research focused on cardiac formation and functio |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krieger%E2%80%93Nelson%20Prize | The Krieger–Nelson Prize is presented by the Canadian Mathematical Society in recognition of an outstanding woman in mathematics. It was first
awarded in 1995. The award is named after Cecilia Krieger and Evelyn Nelson, both known for their contributions to mathematics in Canada.
Recipients
While the award has largely been awarded to a female mathematician working at a Canadian University, it has also been awarded to Canadian-born or -educated women working outside of the country. For example, Cathleen Morawetz, past president of the American Mathematical Society, and a faculty member at the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences (a division of New York University) was awarded the Krieger–Nelson Prize in 1997. (Morawetz was educated at the University of Toronto in Toronto, Canada). According to the call for applications, the award winner should be a "member of the Canadian mathematical community".
The recipient of the Krieger–Nelson Prize delivers a lecture to the Canadian Mathematical Society, typically during its summer meeting.
1995 Nancy Reid
1996 Olga Kharlampovich
1997 Cathleen Synge Morawetz
1998 Catherine Sulem
1999 Nicole Tomczak-Jaegermann
2000 Kanta Gupta
2001 Lisa Jeffrey
2002 Cindy Greenwood
2003 Leah Keshet
2004 Not Awarded
2005 Barbara Keyfitz
2006 Penny Haxell
2007 Pauline van den Driessche
2008 Izabella Łaba
2009 Yael Karshon
2010 Lia Bronsard
2011 Rachel Kuske
2012 Ailana Fraser
2013 Chantal David
2014 Gail Wolkowicz
2015 Jane Ye |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20S.%20Harris | James S. Harris is a scientist and engineer and fellow of IEEE, American Physical Society and Optical Society of America. His research primarily deals with optoelectronic devices and semiconductor material research.
Since 1982, he is the James and Elenor Chesebrough Professor of Electrical Engineering, Applied Physics and Material Science at Stanford University.
Harris was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2011 for contributions to epitaxial growth of compound semiconductor materials and their applications.
Education
Harris completed his BS (1964), MS (1965), and PhD (1969) – all in electrical engineering – from Stanford University.
Career
Prior to joining the Stanford department of electrical engineering in 1982, James Harris was with Rockwell International Science Center, where he held various positions from technical staff member to director optoelectronics research.
Research
Harris’ research interests are in the areas of new electronic and optoelectronic device structures created by heterojunctions, quantum wells, superlattices and nanostructured materials. He has carried out research on novel semiconductor materials and their growth at atomic level dimensions for the past 50 years.
Harris has been issued approximately 37 patents as of this publication (2019).
Awards
1988 IEEE Fellow
1992 American Physical Society Fellow
2005 Optical Society of America Fellow
2000 IEEE Third Millennium Medal
2000 IEEE Morris N. Liebmann Memorial Award
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raman%20Parimala | Raman Parimala (born 21 November 1948) is an Indian mathematician known for her contributions to algebra. She is the Arts & Sciences Distinguished Professor of mathematics at Emory University. For many years, she was a professor at Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai. She has been on the Mathematical Sciences jury for the Infosys Prize from 2019 and is on the Abel prize selection Committee 2021/2022.
Background
Parimala was born and raised in Tamil Nadu, India. She studied in Saradha Vidyalaya Girls' High School and Stella Maris College at Chennai. She received her M.Sc. from Madras University (1970) and Ph.D. from the
University of Mumbai (1976); her advisor was R. Sridharan from TIFR.
Selected publications
Failure of a quadratic analogue of Serre's conjecture, Bulletin of the AMS, vol. 82, 1976, pp. 962–964
Quadratic spaces over polynomial extensions of regular rings of dimension 2, Mathematische Annalen, vol. 261, 1982, pp. 287–292
Galois cohomology of the Classical groups over fields of cohomological dimension≦2, E Bayer-Fluckiger, R Parimala - Inventiones mathematicae, 1995 - Springer
Hermitian analogue of a theorem of Springer, R Parimala, R. Sridharan, V Suresh - Journal of Algebra, 2001 - Elsevier
Classical groups and the Hasse principle, E Bayer-Fluckiger, R Parimala - Annals of Mathematics, 1998 - jstor.org
Honors
On National Science Day in 2020, Smriti Irani, head of the Ministry of Women and Child Development of the Government o |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free%20Radical%20Centre | The Free Radical Centre or ARC Centre of Excellence for Free Radical Chemistry and Biotechnology was a research centre from 2005 - 2013 that was established in the 2005 Australian Research Council (ARC) grant funding rounds. The centre was administered from the University of Melbourne, and had nodes at six Australian universities: The University of Melbourne, the Victorian Pharmacy College at Monash University, The Heart Research Institute at the University of Sydney, Queensland University of Technology, the University of Wollongong, and the Australian National University in Canberra. The Centre had over 100 researchers working in all areas of free radical chemistry, from material science to biology. The centre received an initial grant of $12 million from the ARC in 2005 and a further $9.8 million in 2009. Funding for the centre ended in 2013.
References
External links
2005 establishments in Australia
Medical research institutes in Melbourne
University of Melbourne |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collision%20problem | The r-to-1 collision problem is an important theoretical problem in complexity theory, quantum computing, and computational mathematics. The collision problem most often refers to the 2-to-1 version: given even and a function , we are promised that f is either 1-to-1 or 2-to-1. We are only allowed to make queries about the value of for any . The problem then asks how many such queries we need to make to determine with certainty whether f is 1-to-1 or 2-to-1.
Classical solutions
Deterministic
Solving the 2-to-1 version deterministically requires queries, and in general distinguishing r-to-1 functions from 1-to-1 functions requires queries.
This is a straightforward application of the pigeonhole principle: if a function is r-to-1, then after queries we are guaranteed to have found a collision. If a function is 1-to-1, then no collision exists. Thus, queries suffice. If we are unlucky, then the first queries could return distinct answers, so queries is also necessary.
Randomized
If we allow randomness, the problem is easier. By the birthday paradox, if we choose (distinct) queries at random, then with high probability we find a collision in any fixed 2-to-1 function after queries.
Quantum solution
The BHT algorithm, which uses Grover's algorithm, solves this problem optimally by only making queries to f.
References
Algorithms
Polynomial-time problems |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netafim | Netafim is an Israeli manufacturer of irrigation equipment. The company produces drippers, dripperlines, sprinklers and micro-emitters. Netafim also manufactures and distributes crop management technologies, including monitoring and control systems, dosing systems, and crop management software, as well as a variety of services, including managed irrigation, agronomical advisory and operation and maintenance. As of 2012, Netafim was the global leader on the fast expanding market of drip- and micro-irrigation. In it was the overall largest provider of drip irrigation systems, with a global market share of 30%.
History
In 2020, Netafim held an over-30% share of the global drip irrigation market. The company recorded revenues of over $1.063 billion in 2019.
Netafim is headed by President & CEO Gaby Miodownik, and jointly owned by Orbia (80%) and Kibbutz Hatzerim (20%), following extensive bidding by half a dozen interested parties, including U.S. industrial technologies company Fortive Corp (FTV.N), Singapore's Temasek Holdings [TEM.UL], U.S. tools maker Stanley Black & Decker (SWK.N), Chinese investment fund Primavera and Chinese pipe maker Ningxia Qinglong (002457.SZ).
Timeline
1960–1965 – Water engineer and inventor Simcha Blass carries out tests on the world's first dripper device.
1965 – Kibbutz Hatzerim signs agreement with Blass to establish Netafim
1966 – Introduces world's first commercial dripper
1978 – Introduces world's first pressure compensated (PC) dripper |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Society%20of%20Hispanic%20Physicists | The National Society of Hispanic Physicists (NSHP) was established in 1996 with the goal of promoting the participation and advancement of Hispanic-Americans in physics and celebrating the contributions of Hispanic-American physicists to the study and teaching of physics.
Brief history
A grant from the Sloan Foundation was awarded to the Pan-American Association for Physics to establish the National Society of Hispanic Physicists (NSHP). The Founding Meeting of the Society was held in Austin at the University of Texas in April, 1996 and the first annual meeting was held in Houston, Texas in October 1997.
The US-Mexico Workshop on Teaching Introductory Physics, the first major project undertaken by the Society, was held later that year in Monterrey, Mexico. The project was a bilingual joint venture between the NSHP and the Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey (ITESM) to explore the goals of the introductory physics sequence and recent pedagogical developments to meet those goals.
The Hispanic Physicist, the official newsletter of the NSHP, has been in publication since 1997.
The NSHP meets jointly with other societies organizing sessions, hosting social functions, promoting discussions of diversity and inclusion issues in the physics community, and recognizing achievements of Hispanic-American physics students and faculty.
The National Society of Hispanic Physicists has met annually with the Society for the Advancement of Chicanos and Native American |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal%20subspace | In signal processing, signal subspace methods are empirical linear methods for dimensionality reduction and noise reduction. These approaches have attracted significant interest and investigation recently in the context of speech enhancement, speech modeling, and speech classification research. The signal subspace is also used in radio direction finding using the MUSIC (algorithm).
Essentially the methods represent the application of a principal components analysis (PCA) approach to ensembles of observed time-series obtained by sampling, for example sampling an audio signal. Such samples can be viewed as vectors in a high-dimensional vector space over the real numbers. PCA is used to identify a set of orthogonal basis vectors (basis signals) which capture as much as possible of the energy in the ensemble of observed samples. The vector space spanned by the basis vectors identified by the analysis is then the signal subspace. The underlying assumption is that information in speech signals is almost completely contained in a small linear subspace of the overall space of possible sample vectors, whereas additive noise is typically distributed through the larger space isotropically (for example when it is white noise).
By projecting a sample on a signal subspace, that is, keeping only the component of the sample that is in the signal subspace defined by linear combinations of the first few most energized basis vectors, and throwing away the rest of the sample, which is in the r |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonni%20Fulcher | Jonathan (Jonni) Fulcher (born 22 September 1974 in Inverness, Scotland) is a Scottish professional pocket billiards player. He currently resides in Geneva, Switzerland and competes throughout the world.
Early days
Fulcher first began to play snooker at the age of 10. He moved to London at age 18 to study physics at Imperial College London University; here, he joined the Imperial College Snooker Club. He competed in the British Universities Sports Association national tournaments and won the BUSA individual championships in 1999, following which he captained the England University snooker team to three wins in the Home Nations Team Championships.
Professional career
Fulcher began to compete at the highest level in European snooker and pocket billiards disciplines when he moved to Switzerland in 2003 and won numerous tournaments on the Swiss and European tours.
He was the number-one ranked Swiss Snooker player on numerous occasions from 2004 to 2007. He is the 2004 Swiss Snooker Champion. He reached the quarterfinal of the 2006 Swiss Snooker Open, where over 20 top 50 ranked professionals competed;
Since he has competed in nine-ball events, Fulcher has participated in 15 of the Euro Tour events and secured victory in Frauenfeld, Switzerland, defeating world-class champions such as Ralf Souquet, Roman Hybler, and Tony Drago in the finals, his triumph over Tony Drago was generally thought to be the biggest surprise of the 2006 Swiss Open. He was ranked number two in Europe a |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History%20of%20molecular%20evolution | The history of molecular evolution starts in the early 20th century with "comparative biochemistry", but the field of molecular evolution came into its own in the 1960s and 1970s, following the rise of molecular biology. The advent of protein sequencing allowed molecular biologists to create phylogenies based on sequence comparison, and to use the differences between homologous sequences as a molecular clock to estimate the time since the last common ancestor. In the late 1960s, the neutral theory of molecular evolution provided a theoretical basis for the molecular clock, though both the clock and the neutral theory were controversial, since most evolutionary biologists held strongly to panselectionism, with natural selection as the only important cause of evolutionary change. After the 1970s, nucleic acid sequencing allowed molecular evolution to reach beyond proteins to highly conserved ribosomal RNA sequences, the foundation of a reconceptualization of the early history of life.
Early history
Before the rise of molecular biology in the 1950s and 1960s, a small number of biologists had explored the possibilities of using biochemical differences between species to study evolution.
Alfred Sturtevant predicted the existence of chromosomal inversions in 1921 and with Dobzhansky constructed one of the first molecular phylogenies on 17 Drosophila Pseudo-obscura strains from the accumulation of chromosomal inversions observed from the hybridization of polyten chromosomes.
Erne |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donders%20Centre%20for%20Cognition | The Donders Centre for Cognition (former Nijmegen Institute for Cognition and Information) is a research institute for cognitive science, neuroscience and information technology. It was founded in 1986 as an integral part of the Faculty of Social Sciences at the Radboud University Nijmegen in The Netherlands.
The DCC maintains strong ties with the nearby Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging (former F.C. Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging) in, among other collaborations, a highly-interdisciplinary research master in cognitive neuroscience.
External links
Official website of the DCC
Official website of the research master in cognitive neuroscience
Research institutes in the Netherlands
Cognitive science research institutes |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goran%20Grani%C4%87 | Goran Granić (born 18 April 1950) is a former Croatian centre-left politician who was the deputy prime minister from 2000 to 2002.
Granić was born in Baška Voda. He graduated from the Faculty of Electrical Engineering in Zagreb in 1972, obtaining a PhD from the same faculty in 1979. From 1973 to 1978 he worked as a researcher at the Energy Institute in Zagreb. After the first democratic elections in 1990, Granić became the first director of Hrvatska elektroprivreda, the national power company of Croatia.
From 1992 to 1995, Granić served as a member of the Croatian Parliament. From 1995 to 1996, Granić was selected as mayor of Zagreb by his party that won the local elections. However, the president, Franjo Tuđman did not allow him to proceed with his duties as mayor, leading to the Zagreb Crisis: Zagreb's local government would go on to place four other mayors from the party, each of which was blocked by Tuđman.
As a member of the HSLS party, which was allied with SDP during the 2000 parliament elections, Granić entered the newly formed government as Ivica Račan's deputy prime minister.
He was much praised by his superior, Račan, during his term in office. However, HSLS's leader, Dražen Budiša (having failed in the presidential elections) suddenly wanted the position of prime minister and forced Račan – since his party's parliament votes were vital to the government – to dismiss Granić and place him instead. Despite his new position, Budiša wasn't satisfied and suddenly le |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cottrell%20equation | In electrochemistry, the Cottrell equation describes the change in electric current with respect to time in a controlled potential experiment, such as chronoamperometry. Specifically it describes the current response when the potential is a step function in time. It was derived by Frederick Gardner Cottrell in 1903. For a simple redox event, such as the ferrocene/ferrocenium couple, the current measured depends on the rate at which the analyte diffuses to the electrode. That is, the current is said to be "diffusion controlled". The Cottrell equation describes the case for an electrode that is planar but can also be derived for spherical, cylindrical, and rectangular geometries by using the corresponding Laplace operator and boundary conditions in conjunction with Fick's second law of diffusion.
where,
= current, in units of A
= number of electrons (to reduce/oxidize one molecule of analyte , for example)
= Faraday constant, 96485 C/mol
= area of the (planar) electrode in cm2
= initial concentration of the reducible analyte in mol/cm3;
= diffusion coefficient for species in cm2/s
= time in s.
Deviations from linearity in the plot of vs. sometimes indicate that the redox event is associated with other processes, such as association of a ligand, dissociation of a ligand, or a change in geometry.
In practice, the Cottrell equation simplifies to where is the collection of constants for a given system (, , ).
See also
Voltammetry
Electroanalytical methods
Lim |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patricia%20Goldman-Rakic | Patricia Goldman-Rakic ( ; née Shoer, April 22, 1937 – July 31, 2003) was an American professor of neuroscience, neurology, psychiatry and psychology at Yale University School of Medicine. She pioneered multidisciplinary research of the prefrontal cortex and working memory.
Early life and education
Patricia Shoer was born in Salem, Massachusetts. Her father, Irving Shoer, was the son of Latvian immigrants and her mother, Jenny Pearl, was a Russian immigrant. She grew up in Peabody, Massachusetts and attended Peabody High School. Goldman-Rakic earned her bachelor's degree cum laude in neurobiology from Vassar in 1959, and her doctorate from the University of California at Los Angeles in experimental Developmental Psychology in 1963.
After postdoctoral positions at UCLA and New York University, Goldman-Rakic worked at the National Institute of Mental Health in neuropsychology starting in 1965 and later as Chief of Developmental Neurobiology from 1975-1979. She moved to Yale School of Medicine in 1979 where she remained until her death. She was The Eugene Higgins Professor of Neuroscience in the neurobiology department with joint appointments in the departments of psychiatry, neurology, and psychology. In 1988 she was granted a five-year, $6 million grant to establish the Center for Neuroscience Research at Yale.
Research
Goldman-Rakic was the first to discover and describe the circuitry of the prefrontal cortex and its relationship to working memory. Previously, scientist |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronology%20of%20Pakistan%27s%20rocket%20tests | The Suparco's spaceflight missions and tests were the sounding rocket launches of the Space Research Commission (SUPARCO) that were aimed at developing high-altitude rockets for Pakistan's space program. The exploration program provides opportunities for physics, atmospheric physics, investigations of the prevailing temperature gradients, wind velocities, and density of the upper atmosphere. Since its inception, over 200 sounding rockets were launched by Suparco from 1962 till its partial termination in 1972.
Pakistan was the first country among developing nations, Islamic world and in South Asia, third in Asia, and tenth in the world to successfully launch a vessel into outer space with a flight of Rehbar-I.
Originally, it has been a SUPARCO program and is still active as of current. The space mission program has been taken over by various aerospace authorities and institutions, including many international collaborations, in the country. Since the late 1980s, most of the tests have been involved in the research and development, followed by the physical testings of the ballistic missile have also been conducted. Notable spaceflights of the launchers have included Rehbar-I, Shaheen-I/Shaheen-II, various Ghauri-II space boosters and missiles.
Spaceflight by year
Spacecraft by year
Recent testings and launch
December 10, 2001
Badr-B
Badr-B was Pakistan's second satellite. Built-in collaboration with the English company SIL, it had a mass of 70 kg and carried an Earth im |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octacube%20%28sculpture%29 | The Octacube is a large, stainless steel sculpture displayed in the mathematics department of Pennsylvania State University in State College, PA. The sculpture represents a mathematical object called the 24-cell or "octacube". Because a real 24-cell is four-dimensional, the artwork is actually a projection into the three-dimensional world.
Octacube has very high intrinsic symmetry, which matches features in chemistry (molecular symmetry) and physics (quantum field theory).
The sculpture was designed by , a mathematics professor at Pennsylvania State University. The university's machine shop spent over a year completing the intricate metal-work. Octacube was funded by an alumna in memory of her husband, Kermit Anderson, who died in the September 11 attacks.
Artwork
The Octacube's metal skeleton measures about in all three dimensions. It is a complex arrangement of unpainted, tri-cornered flanges. The base is a high granite block, with some engraving.
The artwork was designed by Adrian Ocneanu, a Penn State mathematics professor. He supplied the specifications for the sculpture's 96 triangular pieces of stainless steel and for their assembly. Fabrication was done by Penn State's machine shop, led by Jerry Anderson. The work took over a year, involving bending and welding as well as cutting. Discussing the construction, Ocneanu said: It's very hard to make 12 steel sheets meet perfectly—and conformally—at each of the 23 vertices, with no trace of welding left. The people |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin%20A.%20Bennett | Martin Arthur Bennett FRS is an Australian inorganic chemist. He gained recognition for studies on the co-ordination chemistry of tertiary phosphines, olefins, and acetylenes, and the relationship of their behaviour to homogeneous catalysis.
Professional career
Born in London, Bennett studied at The Haberdashers' Aske's Boys' School and received his PhD under the supervision of Geoffrey Wilkinson at Imperial College. He was subsequently a researcher at University College, London with Ronald Nyholm and then with Arthur Adamson. While in London, he prepared the rhodium complex [RhCl(PPh3)3], now known as Wilkinson's catalyst. In the 1960s he took a position in the Research School of Chemistry at the Australian National University in Canberra.
Contributions
At ANU, Bennett developed several lines of research broadly on themes in organometallic chemistry. This included extending work on the iridium analogue of Wilkinson's catalyst which he began at University College with Milner. Wilkinson's catalyst can be prepared by reducing rhodium(III) chloride in boiling ethanol in the presence of an excess of triphenylphosphine, but the equivalent preparative conditions lead not to [IrCl(PPh3)3] but instead to a mixture of iridium(III) products, primarily the hydrogen chloride adduct of the analogue:
IrCl3(H2O)3 + 4 PPh3 → [HIrCl2(PPh3)3] + OPPh3 + HCl + 2 H2O
Bennett prepared the analogue from the 1,5-cyclooctadiene (1,5-cod) iridium(I) dimer, [(η4-1,5-cod)Ir( |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander%20MacAuley | Alexander MacAuley may refer to:
Alexander McAulay (1863–1931), professor of mathematics and physics at the University of Tasmania
Alexander MacAuley (footballer), Scottish footballer |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Number%20sentence | In mathematics education, a number sentence is an equation or inequality expressed using numbers and mathematical symbols. The term is used in primary level mathematics teaching in the US, Canada, UK, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa.
Usage
The term is used as means of asking students to write down equations using simple mathematical symbols (numerals, the four main basic mathematical operators, equality symbol). Sometimes boxes or shapes are used to indicate unknown values. As such, number sentences are used to introduce students to notions of structure and elementary algebra prior to a more formal treatment of these concepts.
A number sentence without unknowns is equivalent to a logical proposition expressed using the notation of arithmetic.
Examples
A valid number sentence that is true: 83 + 19 = 102.
A valid number sentence that is false: 1 + 1 = 3.
A valid number sentence using a 'less than' symbol: 3 + 6 < 10.
A valid number sentence using a 'more than' symbol: 3 + 9 > 11.
An example from a lesson plan:
Some students will use a direct computational approach. They will carry out the addition 26 + 39 = 65, put 65 = 26 + , and then find that = 39.
See also
Expression (mathematics)
Equation
Inequality (mathematics)
Open sentence
Sentence (mathematical logic)
References
Mathematics education |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20J.R.%20Hughes | Thomas Joseph Robert Hughes (born 1943) is a Professor of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics and currently holds the Computational and Applied Mathematics Chair (III) at the Oden Institute at The University of Texas at Austin.
Hughes has been listed as an ISI Highly Cited Author in Engineering by the ISI Web of Knowledge, Thomson Scientific Company.
A leading expert in computational mechanics, Hughes has received numerous academic distinctions and awards for his work. He is a research fellow of the National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, American Academy of Arts & Sciences, the American Academy of Mechanics, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), the U.S. Association for Computational Mechanics (USACM), the International Association for Computational Mechanics (IACM), the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and has been elected as a foreign member of The Royal Society. He is a founder and past President of USACM and IACM, and past chairman of the Applied Mechanics Division of ASME.
Career
Hughes began his career as a mechanical design engineer at Grumman Aerospace, subsequently joining General Dynamics as a research and development engineer. After receiving his Ph.D. from University of California, Berkeley, he joined the Berkeley faculty, eventually moving to California Institute of Technology. He then moved to Stanford University before joining The University of Texas at Austin. At Stanford, he served as ch |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geoffrey%20Thomas%20%28academic%29 | Geoffrey Price Thomas FLSW (born 3 July 1941) was President of Kellogg College, Oxford, and Director of Oxford University Department for Continuing Education until 2008.
He was educated at Maesteg Grammar School, University of Wales (Swansea) (BSc, (First Class Honours, Physics)) and Churchill College, Cambridge (PhD). He is also a Master of Arts of the University of Oxford.
Following one year as a research associate at the Cavendish Laboratory at the University of Cambridge (1966–67), he became a Staff Tutor at University College of Swansea (1967–78). In 1978 he moved to the University of Oxford as Fellow of Linacre College and Deputy Director of the Department of External Studies. In 1986 he became Director of Oxford University Department for Continuing Education. He remained a Fellow of Linacre until 1990, when he became the first President of Kellogg College and an Honorary Fellow of Linacre.
He has been a visiting scholar at the Smithsonian Institution, Harvard University, University of Washington, University of California, Berkeley, and Northern Illinois University. In 2002, he delivered the Louise McBee Lecture at the University of Georgia.
He was a member of the Higher Education Funding Council for Wales from 2000-2008, and has been a member of the Council of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, a member of the Universities Association for Continuing Education, and a member of the Cabinet Office Committee of Inquiry on the Public Understanding o |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space%20Research%20and%20Technology%20Institute | The Space Research and Technology Institute () of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences is a primary research body in the field of space science in Bulgaria.
The mission of SRTI-BAS is to conduct fundamental and applied studies in the field of Space Physics, Remote Sensing of the Earth and Planets, and Aerospace Systems and Technologies.
Scope
The field of activity of SRTI ranges over fundamental and applied investigations in space physics, astrophysics, image processing, remote sensing, life sciences, scientific equipment, preparation and implementation of experiments in the area of space exploration and usage from the board of automatic and piloted spacecraft, investigation on control systems, air- and spacecraft and equipment for them, activity for creation of cosmic materials and technologies and their transfer in the national economy, education of post-graduate students and master's degrees.
History
The organized participation of Bulgarian scientists in space research started in 1969 with the creation of a Scientific Group of Space Physics (SGSP) at the Presidium of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. In 1974, based on the SGSP, the Central Laboratory for Space Research (CLSR) was founded. The Space Research Institute (SRI) at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences succeeded the Central Laboratory for Space Research in 1987. Under the reform carried out at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, by a Resolution of the General Assembly of the BAS of 23 March 2010, the SRI and the S |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9%20Parent | André Parent, (born October 3, 1944 ) is a Canadian researcher specializing in neurobiology, and Professor Emeritus at Université Laval.
Born in Montreal, he attended the Université de Montréal (BSc 1967) and subsequently earned a PhD in neuroanatomy from Université Laval in 1970. He undertook postdoctoral studies at the Max Planck Institute for Brain Research. In 1981, he became a professor at the department of anatomy at Laval University; and between 1985 and 1992, he was the scientific director of the research centre of the Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus and the director of the neurobiology laboratory at the faculty of medicine at the university. His research activity focusses on brain structures that are involved in motor control and often implicated in various neurodegenerative diseases.
Honours/Awards
1994 - Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada (section III: Academy of Sciences)
1995 - Léo-Pariseau Prize awarded by Acfas (Association francophone pour le savoir)
1997 - Killam Fellowship awarded by the Canada Council for the Arts
1996 - J.C.B. Grant Prize awarded by the Canadian Federation of Biological Societies
2001 - Jerry Friedman Prize awarded by the Parkinson Society of Canada
2002 - Wilder-Penfield Prize awarded by the Quebec Government
2008 - Fellow of the Canadian Academy of Health Sciences
2016 - Officer of the National Order of Quebec
2017 - "Grands diplômés (Gloire de l'Escolle)" Medal awarded by the Université Laval
2017 - Officer of the Order of C |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biometrics%20%28journal%29 | Biometrics is a journal that publishes articles on the application of statistics and mathematics to the biological sciences. It is published by the International Biometric Society (IBS). Originally published in 1945 under the title Biometrics Bulletin, the journal adopted the shorter title in 1947. A notable contributor to the journal was R.A. Fisher, for whom a memorial edition was published in 1964. In a survey of statistics researchers' opinions, it was ranked fifth overall among 40 statistics journals, and it was second only to the Journal of the American Statistical Association in the ranking provided by biometrics specialists.
References
External links
Publisher website (Wiley)
International Biometric Society (IBS)
Biometry by m2sys.com
Biostatistics journals
Academic journals established in 1945
Wiley-Blackwell academic journals
English-language journals
Quarterly journals
Academic journals associated with international learned and professional societies |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flow%20velocity | In continuum mechanics the flow velocity in fluid dynamics, also macroscopic velocity in statistical mechanics, or drift velocity in electromagnetism, is a vector field used to mathematically describe the motion of a continuum. The length of the flow velocity vector is the flow speed and is a scalar.
It is also called velocity field; when evaluated along a line, it is called a velocity profile (as in, e.g., law of the wall).
Definition
The flow velocity u of a fluid is a vector field
which gives the velocity of an element of fluid at a position and time
The flow speed q is the length of the flow velocity vector
and is a scalar field.
Uses
The flow velocity of a fluid effectively describes everything about the motion of a fluid. Many physical properties of a fluid can be expressed mathematically in terms of the flow velocity. Some common examples follow:
Steady flow
The flow of a fluid is said to be steady if does not vary with time. That is if
Incompressible flow
If a fluid is incompressible the divergence of is zero:
That is, if is a solenoidal vector field.
Irrotational flow
A flow is irrotational if the curl of is zero:
That is, if is an irrotational vector field.
A flow in a simply-connected domain which is irrotational can be described as a potential flow, through the use of a velocity potential with If the flow is both irrotational and incompressible, the Laplacian of the velocity potential must be zero:
Vorticity
The vorticity, , of a flow |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal%20of%20Applied%20Ichthyology | The Journal of Applied Ichthyology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal on ichthyology, marine biology, and oceanography published by Wiley-Blackwell. It is the official journal of the World Sturgeon Conservation Society and of the Deutsche Wissenschaftliche Kommission für Meeresforschung ("German Scientific Commission for the Exploration of the Sea"). The editor-in-chief is Christian Wolter.
The Journal of Applied Ichthyology was established as a separate journal in 1985, but merged with the Archive of Fishery and Marine Research in 2005. The latter journal had been established as Berichte der Deutschen Wissenschaftlichen Kommission für Meeresforschung, published from before World War I (with a hiatus for the war) until volume 24 in 1975–1976. It was then renamed to Meeresforschung: Reports on Marine Research (, ) and was published by Paul Parey Verlag in Hamburg from 1976 until 1991, when the last volume (nr. 33) appeared in print. From 1994 (nr. 42) until 2005 it was published as the Archive of Fishery and Marine Research (Archiv für Fischerei- und Meeresforschung; ).
References
External links
Ichthyology journals
Oceanography journals
Biological oceanography
Wiley-Blackwell academic journals
Academic journals established in 1985
Bimonthly journals |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RoboJackets | RoboJackets is a group of Georgia Tech students, faculty, and alumni that aims to enhance the understanding of the field of robotics and its applications. The team also strives to increase of the number of students exposed to it. The group, located in the Student Competition Center, allows students to engage in a wide range of engineering-related activities, and has members from almost every engineering major of study offered at Georgia Tech. Students work collaboratively in a group environment and have the abilities to pursue projects on their own.
History
RoboJackets was founded in 1999 by a group of grads and undergrads interested in the BattleBots competitions. The following year, they would start their highly respected FIRST outreach and mentoring program. The group's first home was in the J.S. Coon building. In 2003, due to renovations of the Coon building and the mechanical engineering department's move to new buildings, the RoboJackets were moved across the alley to the "Tin Building". After the move, the organization expanded to encompass a new IGVC team (started in 2003) and a RoboCup team (started in 2007). In 2011, the teams were relocated to the new Student Competition Center located on 14th Street, north of the Georgia Tech campus. In 2013, the RoboJackets IARRC team was created. Over the years, the team has grown from a handful of students to over 200 active members.
Competition
The RoboJackets participate in several robotics competitions, including RoboCup S |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globodera%20pallida | Globodera pallida is a species of nematode in the family Heteroderidae. It is well known as a plant pathogen, especially of potatoes. It is "one of the most economically important plant parasitic nematodes," causing major crop losses, and is a model organism used to study the biology of cyst nematodes. Its common names include potato cyst nematode, white potato cyst nematode, pale potato cyst nematode, potato root eelworm, golden nematode, and pale cyst nematode.
The female has a globe-shaped body with a thick, lacy cuticle. It retains its eggs inside its body rather than releasing them, and becomes a brown cyst when it dies. The female is white to cream in color. Globodera rostochiensis is similar in appearance, but the female is yellow in color for part of its life.
The male has a wormlike body which is held in a C- or S-shape.
This nematode is thought to be native to the Andes. Today it is found in 55 countries, mostly in temperate regions. The microscopic cysts are tough and can survive in soil particles, which are transported around the world on objects such as farming equipment and in flowing water. It has been primarily distributed on potatoes, which were introduced from South America to the rest of the world. It can also live on other solanaceous crops such as tomato and eggplant, and many solanaceous weed species, such as black nightshade (Solanum nigrum).
The juvenile nematodes feed on the roots of the plant. Eggs develop inside the females after fertilization, |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20Dale%20Stewart | Thomas Dale Stewart (August 14, 1890 – February 6, 1958) was an American chemist.
He was born at Sumner, Washington, and received his Ph.D. degree in chemistry from University of California at Berkeley in 1916. After one year of research at University of Chicago under Julius Stieglitz, he returned to Berkeley as an instructor in the chemistry department, and became a professor there in 1935.
His early research was about the mechanism of electron conduction in metals. The collaborative work with Richard C. Tolman led to the discovery of Stewart–Tolman effect. Later he worked on acid-base equilibria of organic nitrogen compounds, as well as reaction kinetics.
References
Thomas Dale Stewart, University of California: In Memoriam, 1959, accessed 06-21-2007.
20th-century American physicists
1890 births
1958 deaths
People from Sumner, Washington
University of California, Berkeley alumni
UC Berkeley College of Chemistry faculty |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steven%20R.%20White | Steven R. White is a professor of physics at the University of California, Irvine. He is a condensed matter physicist who specializes in the simulation of quantum systems. He graduated from the University of California, San Diego; he then received his Ph.D. at Cornell University, where he was a shared student with Kenneth Wilson and John Wilkins.
He works mostly in condensed matter theory, specializing in computational techniques for strongly correlated systems. These strongly correlated systems include both high-temperature superconductors and quantum spin liquids. He is most known for inventing the Density Matrix Renormalization Group (DMRG) in 1992. This is a numerical variational technique for high accuracy calculations of the low energy physics of quantum many-body systems. His over one hundred seventy papers on this and related subjects have been used and cited widely—his most cited article has received over seven thousand citations.
Awards
National Science Foundation (NSF) Fellowship, 1982–1985
Andrew D. White Supplementary Fellowship, 1982–1985
IBM Postdoctoral Fellowship, 1988–1989
American Physical Society, Fellow, 1998
American Physical Society, Division Councilor for Computational Physics, 1999
American Physical Society Aneesur Rahman Prize, 2003
Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science (2008)
Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences (2016)
Physical Review Letters Milestone Paper of 1992 (Honored 2008)
Perimeter Distinguished V |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circular%20buffer | In computer science, a circular buffer, circular queue, cyclic buffer or ring buffer is a data structure that uses a single, fixed-size buffer as if it were connected end-to-end. This structure lends itself easily to buffering data streams. There were early circular buffer implementations in hardware.
Overview
A circular buffer first starts out empty and has a set length. In the diagram below is a 7-element buffer:
Assume that 1 is written in the center of a circular buffer (the exact starting location is not important in a circular buffer):
Then assume that two more elements are added to the circular buffer — 2 & 3 — which get put after 1:
If two elements are removed, the two oldest values inside of the circular buffer would be removed. Circular buffers use FIFO (first in, first out) logic. In the example, 1 & 2 were the first to enter the circular buffer, they are the first to be removed, leaving 3 inside of the buffer.
If the buffer has 7 elements, then it is completely full:
A property of the circular buffer is that when it is full and a subsequent write is performed, then it starts overwriting the oldest data. In the current example, two more elements — A & B — are added and they overwrite the 3 & 4:
Alternatively, the routines that manage the buffer could prevent overwriting the data and return an error or raise an exception. Whether or not data is overwritten is up to the semantics of the buffer routines or the application using the circular buffer.
Finally, |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marin%20Solja%C4%8Di%C4%87 | Marin Soljačić (born February 7, 1974) is a Croatian-American physicist and electrical engineer known for wireless non-radiative energy transfer.
Biography
Marin Soljačić was born in Zagreb in 1974. After graduating from XV Gymnasium (MIOC) in Zagreb he attended MIT, where he got his BSc in physics and electrical engineering in 1996. In 1998 he got his MSc from Princeton University and in 2000 he got his PhD in Physics. In 2005 he became a professor of Physics at MIT. In 2008, he was awarded a MacArthur Fellowship.
Work
In 2007 Marin Soljačić and his assistants successfully made the first efficient non-radiative power transfer at a distance of 2 meters turning on a 60 W light bulb. Energy transfer was 40% efficient. Professor Soljačić's experiments and work in wireless energy transfer are related in spirit to the work of Nikola Tesla in the early 20th century, but also have significant differences: unlike Tesla's long-range wireless energy transfer in Colorado, the Soljačić group focuses only on short-range transfer, and unlike Tesla coils which resonantly transfer power with electric fields (which couple strongly to surrounding matter, most famously inducing artificial lightning) the Soljačić proposal uses coupling primarily via magnetic fields. This work is currently being pursued in Soljačić's WiTricity company. Soljačić believes that low-power commercial application of this technology, such as charging of mobile phones, is several years away.
In addition to wireless |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyad | In mathematics, polyad is a concept of category theory introduced by Jean Bénabou in generalising monads. A polyad in a bicategory D is a bicategory morphism Φ from a locally punctual bicategory C to D, . (A bicategory C is called locally punctual if all hom-categories C(X,Y) consist of one object and one morphism only.) Monads are polyads where C has only one object.
Notes
Bibliography
Category theory |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MicroMegas%20detector | The MicroMegas detector (Micro-Mesh Gaseous Structure) is a gaseous particle detector coming from the development of the wire chamber. Invented in 1992 by Georges Charpak and Ioannis Giomataris, the Micromegas detectors are mainly used in experimental physics, in particular in particle physics, nuclear physics and astrophysics for the detection of ionising particles.
The Micromegas are light detectors in order to minimize the perturbation on the impinging particle. From their small amplification gap, they have fast signals in the order of 100 nanoseconds. They are a type of micropattern gaseous detector with a spatial resolution below one hundred micrometers. Nowadays, the use of the Micromegas technology is growing throughout the different fields of experimental physics.
Working principle
A particle detector is used to detect a passing particle and obtain information such as its position, arrival time and momentum. In experimental physics, the particle is usually coming from a particle accelerator but it can also come from space (cosmic ray), from a nuclear reactor or a radioactive isotope.
The Micromegas detector detects particles by amplifying the charges that have been created by ionisation in the gas volume. In a Micromegas detector, this gas volume is divided in two by a metallic micro-mesh (“Micromesh” on the schematic) placed between 25 μm and 150 μm of the readout electrode (Strips on the schematic). The micro-mesh is the key element since it allows, at the sam |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayne%20Hale | N. Wayne Hale Jr. (born July 5, 1954) is a former NASA engineer. Previously a flight director and Space Shuttle program manager, Hale served as NASA's Deputy Associate Administrator for Strategic Partnerships prior to his retirement on July 31, 2010.
Born in Clovis, New Mexico, Hale earned a Bachelor of Science in mechanical engineering from Rice University in 1976, and a Master of Science in mechanical engineering from Purdue University in 1978.
NASA career
Hale began his career with NASA in 1978 as a propulsion officer in the Propulsion Systems Section, Flight Control Division of Flight Operations at the Johnson Space Center.
From May to November 1985, Hale was head of the Integrated Communications Section, Systems Division, Mission Operations, and head of the Propulsion Systems Section, Systems Division, Mission Operations, from November 1985 to March 1988. Between March 1988 and January 2003, Hale served as a flight director in Mission Control for forty-one Space Shuttle missions. He also served as deputy chief of the Flight Director Office for Shuttle Operations from 2001 to January 2003.
Hale then relocated to Kennedy Space Center to become the launch integration manager of the Space Shuttle Program effective February 1, 2003. In July 2003 he became deputy manager of the program, moving up to manager in September 2005. In this capacity, he was responsible for overall management, integration, and operations of the Space Shuttle Program. His primary responsibilities |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semulation | Semulation is a computer science-related portmanteau of simulation and emulation, signifying the process of controlling an emulation through a simulator.
Semulation in computer science
Digital hardware is described using hardware description languages (HDL) like VHDL, Verilog or System Verilog. These descriptions are simulated together with a problem-specific testbench. The initial functional verification of most IP designs is done via simulation at register transfer level (RTL) or gate level. In an event driven simulation method the code must be processed sequential by a CPU, because a normal computer is not able to process the implemented hardware parallel. This sequential approach leads to long simulation times especially in complex systems on chip (SoC) designs.
After simulation the RTL description must be synthesized to fit in the final hardware (e.g. FPGA, ASIC). This step brings a lot of uncertainties because the real hardware is normally not as ideal as the simulation model. The differences between real world and simulation are a major reason why emulation is used in hardware design.
Generally the simulation and emulation environment are two independent systems. Semulation is a symbiosis of both methods. In semulation one part of a hardware design is processed sequential in software (e.g. the testbench) while the other part is emulated.
An example design flow for semulation is depicted in the following block chart:
The database holds the design and testbench file |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter%20E.%20Hart | Peter E. Hart (born 1941) is an American computer scientist and entrepreneur. He was chairman and president of Ricoh Innovations, which he founded in 1997. He made significant contributions in the field of computer science in a series of widely cited publications from the years 1967–75 while associated with the Artificial Intelligence Center of SRI International, a laboratory where he also served as director.
Education
Hart studied at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, leading to a BEE degree (1962). He did his graduate studies at Stanford University, where he got his MS (1963) and PhD (1966); Thomas M. Cover was his advisor and discovered & co-published a seminal paper on 1-NN nearest neighbor search.
Career
While at the SRI International Artificial Intelligence Center, Hart co-authored 20 papers, among them the initial exposition of the A* search algorithm and the variant of the Hough transform now widely used in computer vision for finding straight line segments in images. He also contributed to the development of Shakey the Robot.
Hart and Richard O. Duda are the authors of "Pattern Classification and Scene Analysis", originally published in 1973. This classic text is a widely cited reference, and the first edition was in print for over 25 years until being superseded by the second edition in 2000.
A strong advocate of artificial intelligence in industry, Hart was the founding director of the Fairchild/Schlumberger Artificial Intelligence Center and co-founder of Synte |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nature%20Precedings | Nature Precedings was an open access electronic preprint repository of scholarly work in the fields of biomedical sciences, chemistry, and earth sciences. It ceased accepting new submissions as of April 3, 2012.
Nature Precedings functioned as a permanent, citable archive for pre-publication research and preliminary findings. It was a place for researchers to share documents, including presentations, posters, white papers, technical papers, supplementary findings, and non-peer-reviewed manuscripts. It provided a rapid way to share preliminary findings, disseminate emerging results, solicit community feedback, and claim priority over discoveries. The content was curated and developed by the Nature Publishing Group.
Description
Nature Precedings was started in June 2007 by the Nature Publishing Group under the direction of Timo Hannay, its director for web publishing. The British Library, the European Bioinformatics Institute, Science Commons, and the Wellcome Trust were partners. Nature Precedings supported the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH, version 2). Although content is solely author-copyrighted, it can be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, versions 2.5 or 3.0.
Documents that were manuscripts, preliminary reports, white papers, or presentations reporting work in the fields of biology, chemistry, earth sciences, or medicine (except clinical trial results) could be submitted for posting. Physics and mathe |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfgang%20Smith | Wolfgang Smith (born February 18, 1930 in Vienna, Austria) is a mathematician, physicist, philosopher of science, metaphysician, Roman Catholic and member of the Traditionalist School. He has written extensively in the field of differential geometry, as a critic of scientism and as a proponent of a new interpretation of quantum mechanics that draws heavily from premodern ontology and realism.
Biography
Smith graduated in 1948 from Cornell University with baccalaureate degrees in philosophy, physics, and mathematics. Two years later he obtained his M.S. in physics from Purdue University and, some time later, a Ph.D. in mathematics from Columbia University.
He worked as an aerodynamicist at Bell Aircraft Corporation, and while there researched and published on the problem of atmospheric reentry. He was a mathematics professor at MIT, UCLA and Oregon State University, doing research in the field of differential geometry and publishing in academic journals such as the Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Journal of Mathematics, and others. He retired from academic life in 1992.
In parallel with his academic duties, he developed and still develops philosophical inquiries in the fields of metaphysics and the philosophy of science, publishing in specialized journals such as The Thomist, Sacred Web: A Journal of Tradition and Modernity, and Sophia: The Journal of Traditional Studies.
Philosophical wor |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mazur%27s%20lemma | In mathematics, Mazur's lemma is a result in the theory of normed vector spaces. It shows that any weakly convergent sequence in a normed space has a sequence of convex combinations of its members that converges strongly to the same limit, and is used in the proof of Tonelli's theorem.
Statement of the lemma
Let be a normed vector space and let be a sequence in that converges weakly to some in :
That is, for every continuous linear functional the continuous dual space of
Then there exists a function and a sequence of sets of real numbers
such that and
such that the sequence defined by the convex combination
converges strongly in to ; that is
See also
References
Banach spaces
Theorems involving convexity
Theorems in functional analysis
Lemmas in analysis
Compactness theorems |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fred%20Hiltz | Frederick James Hiltz (born 3 December 1953) is a Canadian retired Anglican bishop. From 2007 to 2019, he served as Primate of the Anglican Church of Canada.
Early life and education
Hiltz was born in Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, where he was also raised. He earned his Bachelor of Science degree at Dalhousie University in 1975 (major in biology) and obtained his master of divinity degree at the Atlantic School of Theology in 1978. He received an honorary doctor of divinity degree in 2002 from the University of King's College, Halifax.
Ordained ministry
Hiltz was ordained a deacon on 3 June 1977 and a priest on 29 June 1979. He served in a number of parishes within the Diocese of Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island: Christ Church, Sydney; Melford-Guysborough; Timberlea-Lakeside; The Cathedral Church of All Saints, Halifax; and St. John's Church, Lunenburg.
In 1994, Hiltz was elected suffragan bishop (an assistant bishop without an automatic right of succession) of the Diocese of Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island. He was consecrated as a bishop the same year. He became diocesan bishop in 2002. Since 2007, he has been Anglican co-chair of the Anglican-Lutheran International Commission.
Primate
Hiltz was elected primate on 22 June 2007, and installed as primate on 25 June. The Guardian newspaper described him as a "liberal-leaning bishop". He is considered a moderate theological liberal and he opposes the death penalty. He supports, and voted in favour of, the blessing of sam |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonelli%27s%20theorem%20%28functional%20analysis%29 | In mathematics, Tonelli's theorem in functional analysis is a fundamental result on the weak lower semicontinuity of nonlinear functionals on Lp spaces. As such, it has major implications for functional analysis and the calculus of variations. Roughly, it shows that weak lower semicontinuity for integral functionals is equivalent to convexity of the integral kernel. The result is attributed to the Italian mathematician Leonida Tonelli.
Statement of the theorem
Let be a bounded domain in -dimensional Euclidean space and let be a continuous extended real-valued function. Define a nonlinear functional on functions by
Then is sequentially weakly lower semicontinuous on the space for and weakly-∗ lower semicontinuous on if and only if the function defined by
is convex.
See also
References
(Theorem 10.16)
Calculus of variations
Convex analysis
Function spaces
Measure theory
Theorems in functional analysis
Variational analysis |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westinghouse%20Advanced%20Energy%20Systems%20Division | Westinghouse Advanced Energy Systems Division (AESD) was a research and development facility for nonconventional renewable energy systems, in the small town of Large in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania [USA]. The site is on the east side of Pa. Rte. 51, about south of Pittsburgh. Formerly the site of the Westinghouse Astronuclear Laboratory (WANL), Westinghouse Electric Corporation changed the name of the facility, along with its charter, in 1977.
Founding
The laboratory was officially founded as a Westinghouse division on July 26, 1959, with six employees and at first operated out of offices in the Pittsburgh suburb of Whitehall. Naval Academy graduate John W. Simpson headed the team with Cornell University physicist Sidney Krasik and Technical Director Frank Cotter as founding members.
WANL's brief but important life cycle
WANL's origins can be traced to 1959 when a dozen engineers and technical specialists from Bettis set up a lab in nearby Whitehall, Pa., for the purpose of bidding on government research and development contracts. In 1960, the operation moved to a new site in Mt. Lebanon, Pa., and continued efforts to land a major development contract.
In 1961, NASA's Space Nuclear Propulsion Office's project NERVA, in conjunction with the Atomic Energy Commission, jointly awarded Aerojet General Corporation the prime contract for its Nuclear Engine for Rocket Vehicle Application NERVA Program, with a significant subcontract to WANL for development of the reactor it |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyconvex%20function | In mathematics, the notion of polyconvexity is a generalization of the notion of convexity for functions defined on spaces of matrices. Let Mm×n(K) denote the space of all m × n matrices over the field K, which may be either the real numbers R, or the complex numbers C. A function f : Mm×n(K) → R ∪ {±∞} is said to be polyconvex if
can be written as a convex function of the p × p subdeterminants of A, for 1 ≤ p ≤ min{m, n}.
Polyconvexity is a weaker property than convexity. For example, the function f given by
is polyconvex but not convex.
References
(Definition 10.25)
Convex analysis
Matrices
Types of functions |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude%20Wendell%20Horton%20Sr. | Claude Wendell Horton Sr. (September 23, 1915 Cherryvale, Kansas – March 2, 2002) was one of the principal contributors to the development of the applied research laboratories and the department of physics at The University of Texas at Austin. Between 1972 and 1975, he contributed significantly to the geophysics program in the Department of Geological Sciences.
Horton received his bachelor's and master's degrees from what is now Rice University in 1935 and 1936. He then worked for Shell Oil Company for a year. He studied in a graduate program at Princeton University from 1937 to 1938 and then returned to Shell about the time of his marriage.
In early 1943 he was an instructor at the Naval Training school at the University of Houston. He then was a researcher at the Harvard Underwater Sound Laboratory for about 2 years until it closed in 1945.
Horton then took up research work at the University of Texas. He completed his Ph.D. there in 1946 and joined the faculty.
References
1915 births
2002 deaths
20th-century American physicists
Harvard University staff
People from Cherryvale, Kansas
Princeton University alumni
Rice University alumni
University of Houston faculty
University of Texas at Austin faculty |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudo-monotone%20operator | In mathematics, a pseudo-monotone operator from a reflexive Banach space into its continuous dual space is one that is, in some sense, almost as well-behaved as a monotone operator. Many problems in the calculus of variations can be expressed using operators that are pseudo-monotone, and pseudo-monotonicity in turn implies the existence of solutions to these problems.
Definition
Let (X, || ||) be a reflexive Banach space. A map T : X → X∗ from X into its continuous dual space X∗ is said to be pseudo-monotone if T is a bounded operator (not necessarily continuous) and if whenever
(i.e. uj converges weakly to u) and
it follows that, for all v ∈ X,
Properties of pseudo-monotone operators
Using a very similar proof to that of the Browder–Minty theorem, one can show the following:
Let (X, || ||) be a real, reflexive Banach space and suppose that T : X → X∗ is bounded, coercive and pseudo-monotone. Then, for each continuous linear functional g ∈ X∗, there exists a solution u ∈ X of the equation T(u) = g.
References
(Definition 9.56, Theorem 9.57)
Banach spaces
Calculus of variations
Operator theory |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Browder%E2%80%93Minty%20theorem | In mathematics, the Browder–Minty theorem (sometimes called the Minty–Browder theorem) states that a bounded, continuous, coercive and monotone function T from a real, separable reflexive Banach space X into its continuous dual space X∗ is automatically surjective. That is, for each continuous linear functional g ∈ X∗, there exists a solution u ∈ X of the equation T(u) = g. (Note that T itself is not required to be a linear map.)
The theorem is named in honor of Felix Browder and George J. Minty, who independently proved it.
See also
Pseudo-monotone operator; pseudo-monotone operators obey a near-exact analogue of the Browder–Minty theorem.
References
(Theorem 10.49)
Banach spaces
Theorems in functional analysis
Operator theory |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistry%20%28Johnny%20Gill%20album%29 | Chemistry is the second solo album by singer Johnny Gill. It was released on April 22, 1985.
Reception
Richard Harrington of the Washington Post wrote, "Gill is 18. He just sounds older. On his recent hit single "Half Crazy," Gill's husky, powerful baritone would lead to you to think he'd been around the love wars long enough to do some postgraduate work. But the cover photo for his "Chemistry" album and the "Half Crazy" video show a slightly built kid with a soft, innocent stare, looking like he just got out of high school. Which he has...For his new album he was teamed with veteran producer and songwriter Linda Creed, who had worked with Thom Bell on the Delfonics', Stylistics' and Spinners' recordings but dropped out of the business for five years to raise her family...That new combination, he feels, is going to put him that much closer to his dream: 'to sell 40 million copies like Michael and then get into the movies.' Luckily Gill's strengths as a ballad singer coincide with commercial radio's currently receptive attitude toward medium tempo, romantic material...But will the world go along with a ballad singer who's so young? 'That's what we've all got to find out very soon,' Gill says evenly. 'I know this one may not go gold. But I'm going to spray paint it.'"
--Excerpted from "The Ballads of Johnny Gill," Washington Post, June 22, 1985
Peter Judge wrote, "This is one of those albums that should have been bigger. Gill is only 18 but as far as singing he can hang wi |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial%20gene%20synthesis | Artificial gene synthesis, or simply gene synthesis, refers to a group of methods that are used in synthetic biology to construct and assemble genes from nucleotides de novo. Unlike DNA synthesis in living cells, artificial gene synthesis does not require template DNA, allowing virtually any DNA sequence to be synthesized in the laboratory. It comprises two main steps, the first of which is solid-phase DNA synthesis, sometimes known as DNA printing. This produces oligonucleotide fragments that are generally under 200 base pairs. The second step then involves connecting these oligonucleotide fragments using various DNA assembly methods. Because artificial gene synthesis does not require template DNA, it is theoretically possible to make a completely synthetic DNA molecule with no limits on the nucleotide sequence or size.
Synthesis of the first complete gene, a yeast tRNA, was demonstrated by Har Gobind Khorana and coworkers in 1972. Synthesis of the first peptide- and protein-coding genes was performed in the laboratories of Herbert Boyer and Alexander Markham, respectively. More recently, artificial gene synthesis methods have been developed that will allow the assembly of entire chromosomes and genomes. The first synthetic yeast chromosome was synthesised in 2014, and entire functional bacterial chromosomes have also been synthesised. In addition, artificial gene synthesis could in the future make use of novel nucleobase pairs (unnatural base pairs).
Standard methods for |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rob%20Blokzijl | Robert "Rob" Blokzijl (21 October 1943 – 1 December 2015) was a Dutch physicist and computer scientist at the National Institute for Subatomic Physics (NIKHEF), and an early internet pioneer. He was founding member and chairman of RIPE, the Réseaux IP Européens (French translation of: Europeans IP Networks), the European Internet Registrar organisation.
Life and work
Born in Amsterdam, Blokzijl graduated from the University of Amsterdam in 1970, and received a doctorate in experimental physics from the same university in 1977.
Blokzijl had been active in building networks for the particle physics community in Europe. He was founding member and chairman of NIKHEF, the National Institute for Nuclear and High energy physics in the Netherlands. At the Réseaux IP Européens (RIPE), the European open forum for IP networking, he was spokesperson at its foundation in 1989 and later chaired this forum. He was also instrumental in the creation of the Réseaux IP Européens Network Coordination Centre (RIPE NCC) in 1992 as the first regional Internet registry (RIR) in the world. In 1999 he also was selected for the ICANN Board by the Address Supporting Organization, where he served until December 2002. In 2013 Blokzijl announced his resignation as chairman of RIPE, as per RIPE 68, after being in this position for 25 years. He appointed Hans Petter Holen as his successor.
In 2010 Blokzijl was awarded Officer in the Order of Orange-Nassau. He received this Royal Honour from Lodewijk Assc |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%20Huatian | Professor Li Huatian (1922–2007) was one of the first few computer scientists in China and was well known for his early contributions to the areas of computer science and computer networks.
Life and work
He was born on Jan 29, 1922 in Songjiang, Jiangsu (now Songjiang, Shanghai). He graduated from the National Southwestern Associated University with a degree in electrical engineering in 1943 and from Harvard University with a master's degree in 1948.
He returned to China in 1949 to start his research and teaching career as a university professor. He taught at Dalian University of Technology and Northeastern University. He served as the department chair of the departments of Automation and Computer Science and the university vice president at Northeastern University.
He also served as a vice president for IFAC, the International Federation of Automatic Control. He resigned administration positions in 1984 to return to full-time research and teaching. Meanwhile, he founded the first PhD program in computer science in China.
Till his final retirement in 1995, he had published numerous journal papers in areas of automatic control, computer theory, computer networks, and multimedia systems and brought up a lot of younger computer scientists in China. He also co-founded the Neusoft Group in early 1990s with his PhD student Liu Jiren. Professor Li died on Jan 24, 2007 in Shenzhen, China.
Chinese computer scientists
Theoretical computer scientists
Computer systems researchers
H |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth%20mover%27s%20distance | In computer science, the earth mover's distance (EMD) is a distance-like measure of dissimilarity between two frequency distributions, densities, or measures over a region D.
For probability distributions and normalized histograms, it reduces to the Wasserstein metric .
Informally, if the distributions are interpreted as two different ways of piling up earth (dirt) over the region D, the EMD captures the minimum cost of building the smaller pile using dirt taken from the larger, where cost is defined as the amount of dirt moved multiplied by the ground distance over which it is moved.
Theory
Assume that we have a set of points in (dimension ). Instead of assigning one distribution to the set of points, we can cluster them and represent the point set in terms of the clusters. Thus, each cluster is a single point in and the weight of the cluster is decided by the fraction of the distribution present in that cluster. This representation of a distribution by a set of clusters is called the signature. Two signatures can have different sizes, for example, a bimodal distribution has shorter signature (2 clusters) than complex ones. One cluster representation (mean or mode in ) can be thought of as a single feature in a signature. The distance between each of the features is called as ground distance.
The Earth Mover's Distance can be formulated and solved as a transportation problem. Suppose that several suppliers, each with a given amount of goods, are required to supply severa |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary%20P.%20Dolciani | Mary P. Dolciani (1923–1985) was an American mathematician, known for her work with secondary-school mathematics teachers.
Education and career
Dolciani earned her Bachelor of Arts degree (B.A.) at Hunter College in New York City, and she completed her doctor of philosophy (Ph.D.) at Cornell University in 1947 with B. W. Jones as thesis advisor. She taught briefly at Vassar College before returning to Hunter, where she spent the next forty years. Dolciani taught mathematics there, and at times, she also served as a Dean or the Provost.
Contributions
Beginning in the 1960s Mary Dolciani wrote a series of high school mathematics textbook, Structure and Method, which in 2000 - 2010 has experienced a resurgence of popularity.
Shortly before her death in 1985, Dolciani also co-wrote (along with two other mathematics educators) Pre-Algebra: An Accelerated Course. This textbook was widely used in the later 1980s through the 1990s. In addition to teaching the pure mathematics, it emphasized the usefulness of algebra in various practical applications.
Although Dolciani is not well known by the general public, she was influential in developing the basic modern method used for teaching basic algebra in the United States (called "Dolciani algebra", which teaches it on the basis of drill like arithmetic, rather than on the basis of proofs as in Euclidean geometry). Dolciani also popularized the short-form names of the Properties that are familiar to many high school algebra students, |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TDG | TDG may refer to:
Businesses
TDG Limited, a UK logistics and distribution company
Traffic Design Group, a New Zealand consultancy
TransDigm Group, NYSE ticker symbol
Law
Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act, 1992, a Canadian law
Science
Transient directing group in organic chemistry
Thymine-DNA glycosylase, an enzyme |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human%20Molecular%20Genetics | Human Molecular Genetics is a semimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Oxford University Press. It covers all topics related to human molecular genetics. In addition, two "special review" issues are published each year. The editor-in-chief is CHaris Eng (Case Western Reserve University). The journal was established in 1992.
Abstracting and indexing
The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 6.150.
References
External links
Oxford University Press academic journals
Biweekly journals
Academic journals established in 1992
English-language journals
Genetics journals |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rod%20calculus | Rod calculus or rod calculation was the mechanical method of algorithmic computation with counting rods in China from the Warring States to Ming dynasty before the counting rods were increasingly replaced by the more convenient and faster abacus. Rod calculus played a key role in the development of Chinese mathematics to its height in Song Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty, culminating in the invention
of polynomial equations of up to four unknowns in the work of Zhu Shijie.
Hardware
The basic equipment for carrying out rod calculus is a bundle of counting rods and a counting board. The counting rods are usually made of bamboo sticks, about 12 cm- 15 cm in length, 2mm to 4 mm diameter, sometimes from animal bones, or ivory and jade (for well-heeled merchants). A counting board could be a table top, a wooden board with or without grid, on the floor or on sand.
In 1971 Chinese archaeologists unearthed a bundle of well-preserved animal bone counting rods stored in a silk pouch from a tomb in Qian Yang county in Shanxi province, dated back to the first half of Han dynasty (206 BC – 8AD). In 1975 a bundle of bamboo counting rods was unearthed.
The use of counting rods for rod calculus flourished in the Warring States, although no archaeological artefacts were found earlier than the Western Han Dynasty (the first half of Han dynasty; however, archaeologists did unearth software artefacts of rod calculus dated back to the Warring States); since the rod calculus software must have gone alo |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolichosaurus | Dolichosaurus (meaning "long lizard") is an extinct genus of marine squamate of the Upper Cretaceous Cenomanian chalk deposits of England. Sister-group relationships between coniasaurs, dolichosaurs, Aigialosauridae and Mosasauridae are an unresolved polytomy. The paleobiology of Dolichosaurus is reconstructed as similar to coniasaurs, nothosaurs, and modern sea snakes. It was a small reptile measuring long.
References
Cretaceous lizards
Late Cretaceous lepidosaurs of Europe
Fossil taxa described in 1850
Taxa named by Richard Owen
Prehistoric squamates
Prehistoric reptile genera |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam%20Simon | Adam Simon (born February 6, 1962) is an American director, producer, and screenwriter. His directing credits include Brain Dead (1990), Body Chemistry II: The Voice of a Stranger (1992), and Carnosaur (1993). Simon, along with producer Brannon Braga, co-created the television series Salem. As a screenwriter, Simon is known for Bones (2001), The Haunting in Connecticut (2009), and Books of Blood (2020).
Career
He plays a humorous version of himself, pitching a project and getting barred from the studio lot, in the famous opening-shot of Robert Altman's The Player (1992). He previously appeared, thinly veiled, as a fictional character in Christopher Guest's film The Big Picture (1989) and would reappear in Kim Newman's novel Johnny Alucard (2013), where he again pitches a project and becomes the only person in Hollywood standing up to a particularly sinister studio executive.
Kim Newman has noted that Adam Simon has "become one of the most oft-cited figures in contemporary Hollywood satire, and those in the know have begun to play the game of Simon-spotting. [...] Remarkable look- and act-alikes for Adam Simon have appeared in a couple of sinister Hollywood satires: Adam Rafkin (Jarrad Paul) on the cancelled-too-soon TV series Action, who ruins his emotional and physical health on successive drafts of Beverly Hills Gun Club for sleazy überproducer Peter Dragon (Jay Mohr); and Adam Kesher (Justin Theroux) in David Lynch's Mulholland Drive, who finds his entire life - and film |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infinity%20%28philosophy%29 | In philosophy and theology, infinity is explored in articles under headings such as the Absolute, God, and Zeno's paradoxes.
In Greek philosophy, for example in Anaximander, 'the Boundless' is the origin of all that is. He took the beginning or first principle to be an endless, unlimited primordial mass (ἄπειρον, apeiron). The Jain metaphysics and mathematics were the first to define and delineate different "types" of infinities. The work of the mathematician Georg Cantor first placed infinity into a coherent mathematical framework. Keenly aware of his departure from traditional wisdom, Cantor also presented a comprehensive historical and philosophical discussion of infinity. In Christian theology, for example in the work of Duns Scotus, the infinite nature of God invokes a sense of being without constraint, rather than a sense of being unlimited in quantity.
Early thinking
Egyptian
Greek
Anaximander
An early engagement with the idea of infinity was made by Anaximander who considered infinity to be a foundational and primitive basis of reality. Anaximander was the first in the Greek philosophical tradition to propose that the universe was infinite.
Anaxagoras
Anaxagoras (500–428 BCE) was of the opinion that matter of the universe had an innate capacity for infinite division.
The Atomists
A group of thinkers of ancient Greece (later identified as the Atomists) all similarly considered matter to be made of an infinite number of structures as considered by imagining divid |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern%20Cross%20Astronomical%20Society | The Southern Cross Astronomical Society, founded in 1922, is one of the oldest amateur astronomy societies in the Western Hemisphere. It is located in the Physics Department of Florida International University in Miami, Florida.
See also
List of astronomical societies
External links
Southern Cross Astronomical Society official website
Scientific societies based in the United States
1922 establishments in Florida
Florida International University |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco%20Giavazzi | Francesco Giavazzi (born 11 August 1949 in Bergamo) is an Italian economist. He is Professor of Economics at Bocconi University and a regular visiting professor at MIT.
Biography
Giavazzi graduated in electrical engineering from the Politecnico di Milano university in 1972 and obtained a PhD in economics from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1978 under the supervision of Rudi Dornbusch.
In addition to being a professor at Bocconi University in Milan, he is a Research Fellow and a Trustee of Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR), a member of the Strategic Committee of Agence France Trésor, and of the Group of Economic Policy Advisers to the President of the European Commission, José Manuel Barroso. During 2004 he was the Houblon-Norman Fellow at the Bank of England. During the D'Alema government (1998–2000) he was a member of the Council of Economic Advisers to the Italian prime minister. He was Director General of the Italian Treasury responsible for debt management and privatizations from 1992 to 1994.
From 1991 to 1999 he was an editor of the European Economic Review. He is also well known for his editorials in Italy's leading daily Corriere della Sera. He contributes to the economics web sites Voxeu.org and LaVoce.info.
In 2015, Giavazzi wrote a scathing denunciation of Greeks. His polemic was criticized by Karl Whelan, a professor of economics at University College Dublin.
References
External links
Web site of Francesco Giavazzi
Web site of Voxeu.org
W |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corepressor | In genetics and molecular biology, a corepressor is a molecule that represses the expression of genes. In prokaryotes, corepressors are small molecules whereas in eukaryotes, corepressors are proteins. A corepressor does not directly bind to DNA, but instead indirectly regulates gene expression by binding to repressors.
A corepressor downregulates (or represses) the expression of genes by binding to and activating a repressor transcription factor. The repressor in turn binds to a gene's operator sequence (segment of DNA to which a transcription factor binds to regulate gene expression), thereby blocking transcription of that gene.
Function
Prokaryotes
In prokaryotes, the term corepressor is used to denote the activating ligand of a repressor protein. For example, the E. coli tryptophan repressor (TrpR) is only able to bind to DNA and repress transcription of the trp operon when its corepressor tryptophan is bound to it. TrpR in the absence of tryptophan is known as an aporepressor and is inactive in repressing gene transcription. Trp operon encodes enzymes responsible for the synthesis of tryptophan. Hence TrpR provides a negative feedback mechanism that regulates the biosynthesis of tryptophan.
In short tryptophan acts as a corepressor for its own biosynthesis.
Eukaryotes
In eukaryotes, a corepressor is a protein that binds to transcription factors. In the absence of corepressors and in the presence of coactivators, transcription factors upregulate gene express |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis%20Wheeler%20Loomis | Francis Wheeler Loomis (August 4, 1889 – February 9, 1976), born in Parkersburg, West Virginia, was an American scientist most widely known for his contributions in the field of physics. Loomis received his undergraduate degree and, in 1917, his PhD from Harvard University. His thesis was on thermodynamic measurements of mercury.
Loomis was a Guggenheim Fellow in 1928 studying abroad at Zürich and Göttingen. In 1929, Loomis came to the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign to become the head of the department of physics, a position he would retain until 1957. Loomis was challenged in bringing top-notch physics talent to a university in the rural Midwest. When approached by Loomis to join his staff, Isidor Isaac Rabi stated bluntly "I love subways and I hate cows." While building the department, Loomis attracted two-time Nobel recipient John Bardeen to join the staff, and had 1955 Nobel Prize winner Polykarp Kusch as a graduate student. Loomis was elected president of the American Physical Society and a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 1949.
In World War I, Loomis served at the Aberdeen proving ground, where he was an Army Ordnance captain. During World War II, he was the associate head of the MIT Radiation Laboratory supporting the national defense and served a two-year period as the organizer of the MIT Lincoln Laboratory. The interruption of the war also required Loomis to restart his building of the physics department as two-thirds of the faculty he add |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1st%20Engineer%20Regiment%20%28Jamaica%29 | The 1 Engineer Regiment (JDF) is a unit of the Jamaica Defence Force primarily responsible for providing military and civil engineering. The regiment was formed in 1992 after a requirement was identified for increased military and civil engineering capability for the JDF than could be provided by the then existing structure. At the time, all JDF engineering capacity was provided by the Construction Squadron and the Engineering Unit of the Support and Services Battalion.
Composition
The regiment today consists of a total of four distinct sub-units:
2 Field Squadron - this is the primary combat engineering unit, with responsibility for the use of explosives in both demolition and for training purposes.
3 Construction Squadron - this provides engineering for use in the construction of permanent structures for the military and for various agencies of government.
4 Support Squadron - this provides administrative and logistic support to the regiment.
5 Maintenance Squadron - this is the maintenance unit for all JDF properties.
Directives
The regiment's primary purpose is to provide military engineering support to the JDF, and to assist as required agencies of the government when so directed by HQ JDF. As such, it has a number of specific priorities:
Combat engineering support of all JDF units in military operations and training.
Planning, construction and maintenance of all JDF installations.
Assistance with the maintenance of technical essential services on a nation |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organonickel%20chemistry | Organonickel chemistry is a branch of organometallic chemistry that deals with organic compounds featuring nickel-carbon bonds. They are used as a catalyst, as a building block in organic chemistry and in chemical vapor deposition. Organonickel compounds are also short-lived intermediates in organic reactions. The first organonickel compound was nickel tetracarbonyl Ni(CO)4, reported in 1890 and quickly applied in the Mond process for nickel purification. Organonickel complexes are prominent in numerous industrial processes including carbonylations, hydrocyanation, and the Shell higher olefin process.
Classes of compounds
Alkyl and aryl complexes
A popular reagent is Ni(CH3)2(tetramethylethylenediamine).
Many alkyl and aryl complexes are known with the formula NiR(X)L2. Examples include [(dppf)Ni(cinnamyl)Cl)], trans-(PCy2Ph)2Ni(o-tolyl)Cl]], (dppf)Ni(o-tolyl)Cl]], (TMEDA)Ni(o-tolyl)Cl, and (TMEDA)NiMe2.
Nickel compounds of the type NiR2 also exist with just 12 valence electrons. In solution however solvent always interact with the metal atom increasing the electron count. One 12 VE compound is di(mesityl)nickel prepared from (allyl)2Ni2Br2 and the corresponding Grignard reagent.
(allyl)2Ni2Br2 + 4 C6H2Me3MgBr → 2 (allyl)MgBr + 2 MgBr2 + 2 (C6H2Me3)2Ni
Alkene complexes
Many complexes exist of nickel coordinated to an alkene. Practical applications of this theme include polymerization or oligomerization of alkenes, as in the Shell Higher Olefin Process. In th |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural%20topology | In any domain of mathematics, a space has a natural topology if there is a topology on the space which is "best adapted" to its study within the domain in question. In many cases this imprecise definition means little more than the assertion that the topology in question arises naturally or canonically (see mathematical jargon) in the given context.
Note that in some cases multiple topologies seem "natural". For example, if Y is a subset of a totally ordered set X, then the induced order topology, i.e. the order topology of the totally ordered Y, where this order is inherited from X, is coarser than the subspace topology of the order topology of X.
"Natural topology" does quite often have a more specific meaning, at least given some prior contextual information: the natural topology is a topology which makes a natural map or collection of maps continuous. This is still imprecise, even once one has specified what the natural maps are, because there may be many topologies with the required property. However, there is often a finest or coarsest topology which makes the given maps continuous, in which case these are obvious candidates for the natural topology.
The simplest cases (which nevertheless cover many examples) are the initial topology and the final topology (Willard (1970)). The initial topology is the coarsest topology on a space X which makes a given collection of maps from X to topological spaces Xi continuous. The final topology is the finest topology on a space |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartan%E2%80%93Hadamard%20theorem | In mathematics, the Cartan–Hadamard theorem is a statement in Riemannian geometry concerning the structure of complete Riemannian manifolds of non-positive sectional curvature. The theorem states that the universal cover of such a manifold is diffeomorphic to a Euclidean space via the exponential map at any point. It was first proved by Hans Carl Friedrich von Mangoldt for surfaces in 1881, and independently by Jacques Hadamard in 1898. Élie Cartan generalized the theorem to Riemannian manifolds in 1928 (; ; ). The theorem was further generalized to a wide class of metric spaces by Mikhail Gromov in 1987; detailed proofs were published by for metric spaces of non-positive curvature and by for general locally convex metric spaces.
Riemannian geometry
The Cartan–Hadamard theorem in conventional Riemannian geometry asserts that the universal covering space of a connected complete Riemannian manifold of non-positive sectional curvature is diffeomorphic to Rn. In fact, for complete manifolds of non-positive curvature, the exponential map based at any point of the manifold is a covering map.
The theorem holds also for Hilbert manifolds in the sense that the exponential map of a non-positively curved geodesically complete connected manifold is a covering map (; ). Completeness here is understood in the sense that the exponential map is defined on the whole tangent space of a point.
Metric geometry
In metric geometry, the Cartan–Hadamard theorem is the statement that the uni |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rod%20Cross | Rod Cross is a physicist and retired academic of the University of Sydney. He is an expert on Alfvén waves in the field of plasma physics but his recent interest in Sports Mechanics has led him to be a consultant to the police in murder investigations, most notably the Caroline Byrne case. The New South Wales Court of Criminal Appeal found that his evidence as an "expert witness" in the trial of Gordon Wood had "little if any evidentiary value" due to his failure to remain impartial and offer independent expertise. He responded to the Court's criticism that his evidence was "not particularly sophisticated."
References
6. R. Cross, "Misinterpretation of expert evidence in Wood v R", Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences, 46, 368-382 (2014)
External links
Homepage
Publications
2 fall case studies
Australian educators
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Aitken%20%28meteorologist%29 | John Aitken, FRS, FRSE LLD (18 September 1839 – 14 November 1919) was a Scottish meteorologist, physicist and marine engineer. He was one of the founders of cloud physics and aerosol science, who built the first apparatus to measure the number of dust and fog particles in the atmosphere, a koniscope.
Life
Aitken was born at Darroch House in Falkirk on 18 September 1839, one of eight children of Henry Aitken of Darroch, a Falkirk lawyer in the firm of Russell & Aitken.
John was educated at Falkirk Grammar School and studied marine engineering at Glasgow University, undertaking his engineer training with Messrs Napier & Sons, the Glasgow shipbuilder.
He returned to his home town of Falkirk, where he carried out his various experiments. In 1875 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were William Thomson, Lord Kelvin, Edward Sang, James Thomson Bottomley and Allen Thomson.
He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of London in 1889 and was awarded the Royal Medal in 1917. He also received the Keith Medal (1883-1885) and Gunning Victoria Jubilee Prize (1893-6) from the Royal Society of Edinburgh. In April 1902 he received an honorary doctorate (LL.D.) from the University of Glasgow.
He died at "Ardenlea", his villa on Redding Road in Falkirk 13 November 1919.
Work
He carried out experiments on atmospheric dust in relation to the formation of clouds and mists (1882), on the formation of dew (1885) and on the laws of cyclones (1891). His in |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singularity%20function | Singularity functions are a class of discontinuous functions that contain singularities, i.e., they are discontinuous at their singular points. Singularity functions have been heavily studied in the field of mathematics under the alternative names of generalized functions and distribution theory. The functions are notated with brackets, as where n is an integer. The "" are often referred to as singularity brackets . The functions are defined as:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! n
!
|-
|
|
|-
| -2
|
|-
| -1
|
|-
| 0
|
|-
| 1
|
|-
| 2
|
|-
|
|
|}
where: is the Dirac delta function, also called the unit impulse. The first derivative of is also called the unit doublet. The function is the Heaviside step function: for and for . The value of will depend upon the particular convention chosen for the Heaviside step function. Note that this will only be an issue for since the functions contain a multiplicative factor of for .
is also called the Ramp function.
Integration
Integrating can be done in a convenient way in which the constant of integration is automatically included so the result will be at .
Example beam calculation
The deflection of a simply supported beam, as shown in the diagram, with constant cross-section and elastic modulus, can be found using Euler–Bernoulli beam theory. Here, we are using the sign convention of downward forces and sagging bending moments being positive.
Load distribution:
Shear force:
Bending moment:
Slope:
Because the slope |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard%20Monteagle%20Barlow | Lieutenant Leonard Monteagle Barlow MC & Two Bars (5 June 1898 – 5 February 1918) was a British World War I flying ace. He was born in Islington, London and studied electrical engineering prior to joining the Royal Flying Corps.
Barlow was posted to No. 56 Squadron and scored 20 victories whilst serving with the squadron, being awarded the Military Cross three times for his outstanding airmanship and bravery.
Dubbed 'The Gadget King', due to his inventiveness, Barlow developed an ingenious way of firing both of his SE5a aircraft's machine guns at the same time. On 25 September he claimed 3 Albatros fighters of Jasta 10, Lt. Weigand and Uzz. Werkmeister being killed and one other pilot wounded.
On 5 February 1918, Barlow was killed at Martlesham Heath whilst test flying a Sopwith Dolphin which broke up in mid air.
His final tally consisted of 12 and 1 shared destroyed, 6 and 1 shared 'out of control'.
He is buried at Bandon Hill Cemetery, Plot F.85
Honours and awards
25 August 1917 - 2nd Lieutenant Leonard Monteagle Barlow, MC, RFC, Special Reserve is awarded the Military Cross:
16 October 1917 - 2nd Lieutenant Leonard Monteagle Barlow, MC, RFC, Special Reserve is awarded a bar to the Military Cross:
27 October 1917 - Lieutenant Leonard Monteagle Barlow, MC, RFC, Special Reserve Canadian Force is awarded a second bar the Military Cross.
External links
Leonard Monteagle Barlow
References
1898 births
1918 deaths
Military personnel from Islington (district)
Royal Fl |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9%20Billardon | André Billardon (born 22 October 1940) is a French politician and member of the Socialist Party. He is the current mayor of Le Creusot and used to be a Minister during Pierre Bérégovoy's term of office, while François Mitterrand was president. Billardon was a mathematics teacher prior to his involvement in local politics in the third circonscription of Saône-et-Loire. Thus, he was elected as a député for the first time in 1978. He was then re-elected in every legislative election until 1992. He was then appointed Minister for the Energy. He carried out his duties from October 1992 to March 1993. He was again elected as a député in June 1997, until May 2002. He also used to be the chairman of the Communauté Urbaine Le Creusot - Montceau.
References
1940 births
Living people
French socialists |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20New%20York%20Journal%20of%20Mathematics | The New York Journal of Mathematics is a peer-reviewed journal focusing on algebra, analysis, geometry and topology. Its editorial board, , consists of 17 university-affiliated scholars in addition to the Editor-in-chief. Articles in the New York Journal of Mathematics are published entirely electronically (on the World Wide Web). The journal uses the diamond open access model—that is, its full content is available to anyone via the Internet, without a subscription or fee.
History
The journal was founded in 1994 by Mark Steinberger who cited a 1993 letter by John Franks as inspiration. At the time of its launch, the New York Journal of Mathematics was the "first electronic general mathematics journal", predating the online versions of both Zentralblatt MATH and the journals in Mathematical Reviews. It was published by the State University of New York at Albany where Steinberger had been a professor since 1987.
Steinberger justified the stylistic choices of the journal by writing, "Some proponents of electronic publication have urged changes in style, citing the low price of disk space as a rationale for publishing articles more loquacious than those commonly acceptable in a print medium. We decided to eschew this route, on the grounds that the perceived quality of our publications would be reduced. We feel it is important to follow the standards of consensus in the field. If these standards change in the future, we will change
with them."
When the New York Journal of Mathe |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen%20isocyanide | Hydrogen isocyanide is a chemical with the molecular formula HNC. It is a minor tautomer of hydrogen cyanide (HCN). Its importance in the field of astrochemistry is linked to its ubiquity in the interstellar medium.
Nomenclature
Both hydrogen isocyanide and azanylidyniummethanide are correct IUPAC names for HNC. There is no preferred IUPAC name. The second one is according to the substitutive nomenclature rules, derived from the parent hydride azane () and the anion methanide ().
Molecular properties
Hydrogen isocyanide (HNC) is a linear triatomic molecule with C∞v point group symmetry. It is a zwitterion and an isomer of hydrogen cyanide (HCN). Both HNC and HCN have large, similar dipole moments, with μHNC = 3.05 Debye and μHCN = 2.98 Debye respectively. These large dipole moments facilitate the easy observation of these species in the interstellar medium.
HNC−HCN tautomerism
As HNC is higher in energy than HCN by 3920 cm−1 (46.9 kJ/mol), one might assume that the two would have an equilibrium ratio at temperatures below 100 Kelvin of 10−25. However, observations show a very different conclusion; is much higher than 10−25, and is in fact on the order of unity in cold environments. This is because of the potential energy path of the tautomerization reaction; there is an activation barrier on the order of roughly 12,000 cm−1 for the tautomerization to occur, which corresponds to a temperature at which HNC would already have been destroyed by neutral-neutral reactions.
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Mathematics%20Educator | The Mathematics Educator (TME) is peer-reviewed journal within the field of mathematics education. TME is produced by students, and it is published by the Mathematics Education Student Association (MESA) in the Department of Mathematics Education at the University of Georgia. MESA is an affiliate of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM).
The journal first appeared in 1990, and it has appeared one or two times a year since then. It welcomes different types of manuscripts, like research reports, commentaries, literature reviews, theoretical articles, and critiques.
See also
List of scientific journals in mathematics education
References/Endnotes
Mathematics education journals
English-language journals
Academic journals established in 1990 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2%CF%80%20theorem | In mathematics, the theorem of Gromov and Thurston states a sufficient condition for Dehn filling on a cusped hyperbolic 3-manifold to result in a negatively curved 3-manifold.
Let be a cusped hyperbolic 3-manifold. Disjoint horoball neighborhoods of each cusp can be selected. The boundaries of these neighborhoods are quotients of horospheres and thus have Euclidean metrics. A slope, i.e. unoriented isotopy class of simple closed curves on these boundaries, thus has a well-defined length by taking the minimal Euclidean length over all curves in the isotopy class. The theorem states: a Dehn filling of with each filling slope greater than results in a 3-manifold with a complete metric of negative sectional curvature. In fact, this metric can be selected to be identical to the original hyperbolic metric outside the horoball neighborhoods.
The basic idea of the proof is to explicitly construct a negatively curved metric inside each horoball neighborhood that matches the metric near the horospherical boundary. This construction, using cylindrical coordinates, works when the filling slope is greater than . See for complete details.
According to the geometrization conjecture, these negatively curved 3-manifolds must actually admit a complete hyperbolic metric. A horoball packing argument due to Thurston shows that there are at most 48 slopes to avoid on each cusp to get a hyperbolic 3-manifold. For one-cusped hyperbolic 3-manifolds, an improvement due to Colin A |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Guier%20Scott | John Guier Scott (December 26, 1819 – May 16, 1892) was a U.S. Representative from Missouri.
Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Scott completed preparatory studies.
He was graduated from Bethlehem Academy, Pennsylvania, in civil engineering.
He moved to Missouri in 1842.
He served as general manager of the Iron Mountain Co. at Iron Mountain.
He established the Irondale Iron Co. at Irondale in 1858.
He was an unsuccessful Democratic candidate for election in 1862 to the Thirty-eighth Congress.
Scott was subsequently elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of John W. Noell and served from December 7, 1863, to March 3, 1865.
He engaged in the drug business in St. Louis.
He resumed mining, and built furnaces, at Scotia, Missouri, in 1868 and at Nova Scotia a year later.
He returned in 1870 to St. Louis.
He moved to east Tennessee about 1880.
He died at Oliver Springs, Tennessee, on May 16, 1892, and was interred at Bellefontaine Cemetery in St. Louis, Missouri.
References
External links
1819 births
1892 deaths
Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Missouri
Politicians from Philadelphia
Burials at Bellefontaine Cemetery
19th-century American politicians |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-throughput%20computing | In computer science, high-throughput computing (HTC) is the use of many computing resources over long periods of time to accomplish a computational task.
Challenges
The HTC community is also concerned with robustness and reliability of jobs over a long-time scale. That is, being able to create a reliable system from unreliable components. This research is similar to transaction processing, but at a much larger and distributed scale.
Some HTC systems, such as HTCondor and PBS, can run tasks on opportunistic resources. It is a difficult problem, however, to operate in this environment. On one hand the system needs to provide a reliable operating environment for the user's jobs, but at the same time the system must not compromise the integrity of the execute node and allow the owner to always have full control of their resources.
High-throughput vs. high-performance vs. many-task
There are many differences between high-throughput computing, high-performance computing (HPC), and many-task computing (MTC).
HPC tasks are characterized as needing large amounts of computing power for short periods of time, whereas HTC tasks also require large amounts of computing, but for much longer times (months and years, rather than hours and days). HPC environments are often measured in terms of FLOPS.
The HTC community, however, is not concerned about operations per second, but rather operations per month or per year. Therefore, the HTC field is more interested in how many jobs can be co |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Student%20Competition%20Center | The Student Competition Center is the home of the student competition teams at Georgia Institute of Technology. These teams include GT Motorsports, GT Offroad, Solar Racing (formerly SolarJackets), RoboJackets, Wreck Racing, HyTech Racing, and the EcoCAR team. The building, operated by the George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, provides teams with the facilities to participate in their respective competitions. The facility is located at 575 14th Street in Atlanta, Georgia, adjacent to the Georgia Tech campus.
History
The original Student Competition Center was located at the center of campus in the shadow of Tech Tower, nested between the Coon, Skiles, & Weber buildings. The original facility, dubbed the "Tin Building" by students and professors, was constructed in Savannah, Georgia in 1941. The facility was used to manufacture Sherman tanks during World War II. Following the war, the structure was deconstructed and moved to the Georgia Tech campus in Atlanta in 1947. It served as laboratory space and held offices for mechanical engineering faculty until the 1990s, when the building was re-purposed to house the student competition teams that had outgrown their original meeting space in the basement of the Coon building.
The facility housed build areas and offices for each team, along with common machine tools shared by the students. The safety of the facility began to be called into question and it was regarded by some to be an eyesore. In response to the |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pincherle | Pincherle is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Salvatore Pincherle (1853–1936), Italian mathematician
Pincherle derivative, in mathematics
Marc Pincherle (1888–1974), French musicologist, music critic
Alberto Pincherle (1907–1990), Italian novelist, better known by his pen name Alberto Moravia
Italian-language surnames
Surnames of Sephardic origin |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulrich%20Hagen | Ulrich Hagen (February 21, 1925 – November 25, 2007), a German scientist, is one of the German pioneers in the field of molecular radiation biology.
Hagen developed analytical techniques that would allow an examination and analysis of various types of DNA damage. He was among the first German radiation biologists to become aware of the important role of DNA repair in endpoints such as mutagenesis, aberration formation, cell death, and carcinogenesis.
Life
Hagen was born in Frankfurt am Main and raised in Augsburg, Germany where he attended the Anna Gymnasium. His father Wilhem Hagen was a pediatrician and later an important public health official in Germany. Ulrich Hagen graduated from the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich with doctoral degrees in Medicine and Biology. In 1953, he was given a fellowship position at Heiligenberg Institute (one of the leading German institutes for Radiation Biology after WWII), which was then under the directorship of Hanns Langendorff.
In the early days at Heiligenberg, Professor Hagen researched the radioprotective substances and cell death in lymphocytes and conducted research in Stockholm, in Professor Forssberg's laboratory. It was in Stockholm that Professor Hagen became acquainted with isolated DNA. There he realized the importance of the cellular effects of ionising radiation in relationship with DNA damage repair. Immediately following this, he began developing analytical techniques that would allow an examination and analys |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike%20Glenn | Michael Theodore "Stinger" Glenn (born September 10, 1955) is an American former professional basketball player.
College career
He attended Coosa High School. Moving on to Southern Illinois University, Glenn was an All-Missouri Valley Conference college basketball player, graduating with honors and a B.S. degree in mathematics (minoring in computer science) in 1977.
Professional career
He would go on to play ten seasons (1977–1987) in the National Basketball Association as a member of the Buffalo Braves, New York Knicks, Atlanta Hawks, and Milwaukee Bucks.
Drafted twenty-third overall by the Chicago Bulls in 1977, Glenn broke his neck in an offseason auto accident and was released from the team. He battled back to make a quick recovery, though, starting his NBA career later that same year with the Buffalo Braves. In 1978, Glenn signed with the New York Knicks; during his time in New York City, Glenn attended graduate business classes at St. John's University and Baruch College, earning his stockbroker's license. Over the course on his NBA career, Glenn averaged 7.6 points per game while shooting 54.2% from the field. He was noted for his smooth midrange jump shot, which not only contributed to his high shooting percentage (an amazing mark for a 6'3" guard), but also earned him the nickname "The Stinger" early in his career from his Knicks teammates. In 1981, Glenn received the J. Walter Kennedy Citizenship Award for community service.
NBA career statistics
Regular season |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich%20Limpricht | Heinrich Limpricht (21 April 1827 – 13 May 1909) was a German chemist. Limpricht was a pupil of Friedrich Wöhler; he worked on the chemistry of furans and pyrroles, discovering furan in 1870.
In 1852 he became lecturer and in 1855 extraordinary professor at the University of Göttingen. In 1860, he became ordinary professor at the Institute for Organic Chemistry at the University of Greifswald. His oldest daughter Marie (1856-1925) married in 1875 to Protestant theologian Julius Wellhausen.
Rudolph Fittig and Hans von Pechmann were two of Limpricht's notable pupils.
References
Gerda Schneider: Heinrich Limpricht und sein Schülerkreis (1827-1909); Diss. Greifswald 1970
Genealogy database entry by Vera V. Mainz and Gregory S. Girolami 1998
1827 births
1909 deaths
19th-century German chemists
People from Eutin
People from Oldenburg (state)
University of Göttingen alumni
Academic staff of the University of Göttingen
Academic staff of the University of Greifswald
Members of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemophobia | Chemophobia (or chemphobia or chemonoia) is an aversion to or prejudice against chemicals or chemistry. The phenomenon has been ascribed both to a reasonable concern over the potential adverse effects of synthetic chemicals, and to an irrational fear of these substances because of misconceptions about their potential for harm, particularly the possibility of certain exposures to some synthetic chemicals elevating an individual's risk of cancer. Consumer products with labels such as "natural" and "chemical-free" (the latter being impossible if taken literally, since all consumer products consist of chemical substances) appeal to chemophobic sentiments by offering consumers what appears to be a safer alternative (see appeal to nature).
Definition and uses
There are differing opinions on the proper usage of the word chemophobia. The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) defines chemophobia as an "irrational fear of chemicals". According to the American Council on Science and Health, chemophobia is a fear of synthetic substances arising from "scare stories" and exaggerated claims about their dangers prevalent in the media.
Despite containing the suffix -phobia, the majority of written work focusing on addressing chemophobia describes it as a non-clinical aversion or prejudice, and not as a phobia in the standard medical definition. Chemophobia is generally addressed by chemical education and public outreach despite the fact that much chemophobia is econo |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfson%20Microelectronics | Wolfson Microelectronics plc was a microelectronics and fabless semiconductor company headquartered in Edinburgh, Scotland. It specialised in signal processing and mixed-signal chips for the consumer electronics market and had engineering and sales offices throughout Asia-Pacific, Europe, and the United States. In 2014, it was acquired by Cirrus Logic for £291 million.
History
Wolfson Microelectronics plc was started in 1984 by David Milne and Jim Reid. Within a year, the company had 20 employees and a deal with Fujitsu. Wolfson grew and floated on the London Stock Exchange in 2003 and be listed in the FTSE 250. Both Milne and Reid had connections with the University of Edinburgh; Reid attained a First Class Honours degree in EEE, and Milne directed the Wolfson Microelectronics Institute at King's Buildings from 1973 to 1985. In February, 2007, when Milne chose to step down, he was replaced in his CEO role by Dave Shrigley, previously Vice-President at Intel Corporation. His departure was one of a number of executive changes in late 2006, as Financial Director George Elliott also stood down.
In 2006, Milne was declared Entrepreneur of the Year by the CBI, and Wolfson named Company of the Year. In November 2006 David Shrigley became the CEO of Wolfson, his first appointment at this level: he had previously worked for Intel in the Asia-Pacific region, and held directorships elsewhere.
In 2007, Wolfson acquired Sonaptic Ltd, consisting of former Sensaura employees, intending |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematics%20Presents%20Wu-Tang%20Clan%20%26%20Friends%20Unreleased | Mathematics Presents - Wu-Tang Clan & Friends Unreleased is a compilation produced by rap music producer Mathematics. It was released on February 6, 2007 under label Nature Sounds. It contains unreleased songs by Wu-Tang Clan and their affiliates.
Later, in 2010, Mathematics produced Return of the Wu and Friends.
Track listing
Reception
Impose described the collection as "a 20-tuned compilation of remixes, B-sides and obscure Wu material", with a "continuous swinging baseline", a "soulful musical setting which provide a fine contrast to the rappers lyrical grit", and "sounds that stem from the comforting to the intimidating". Nevertheless, the magazine also described the collection as "appeal[ing] more to the Wu-head than the casual Wu-Tang fan".
Complex called one song from the collection, Maxine (Remix), "told over a heavy-duty 1970s experience" but "smooth[ed ]out considerably with an easy-like-Sunday-morning groove".
HipHopDX praised the compilation as a "testament to the knob twisting skills of Mathematics", but also stated that "the Clan's core members don’t make enough unheard appearances on the disc".
Notes
References
Hip hop compilation albums
Albums produced by Mathematics
2007 compilation albums
Nature Sounds compilation albums |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L.%20Stephen%20Coles | Leslie Stephen Coles (January 19, 1941 – December 3, 2014) was an American biogerontologist who was the co-founder and executive director of the Gerontology Research Group where he conducted research on supercentenarians and aging. He was also a visiting scholar in the computer science department at the University of California, Los Angeles and an assistant researcher in the Department of Surgery, at the David Geffen School of Medicine.
Biography
Coles was born on January 19, 1941, in New York City. He received his B.S. in electrical engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy, New York, his Master's in mathematics from the Carnegie Institute of Technology, and his Ph.D. in systems and communication sciences from Carnegie Mellon University. After obtaining his M.D. at Stanford University School of Medicine, Coles completed his clinical internship in obstetrics and gynaecology at the Jackson Memorial Hospital of the Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine (University of Miami).
Coles was treasurer of the Supercentenarian Research Foundation, as well as co-founder and system administrator of the Gerontology Research Group.
Coles died on December 3, 2014, in Scottsdale, Arizona, of pancreatic cancer. His brain was cryonically preserved by Alcor Life Extension Foundation as their 131st patient.
Selected publications
Journal articles
Books
L. Stephen Coles (2011) Extraordinary Healing: How the discoveries of Mirko Beljanski, the world's first green molecular biol |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caristi%20fixed-point%20theorem | In mathematics, the Caristi fixed-point theorem (also known as the Caristi–Kirk fixed-point theorem) generalizes the Banach fixed-point theorem for maps of a complete metric space into itself. Caristi's fixed-point theorem modifies the -variational principle of Ekeland (1974, 1979). The conclusion of Caristi's theorem is equivalent to metric completeness, as proved by Weston (1977).
The original result is due to the mathematicians James Caristi and William Arthur Kirk.
Caristi fixed-point theorem can be applied to derive other classical fixed-point results, and also to prove the existence of bounded solutions of a functional equation.
Statement of the theorem
Let be a complete metric space. Let and be a lower semicontinuous function from into the non-negative real numbers. Suppose that, for all points in
Then has a fixed point in that is, a point such that The proof of this result utilizes Zorn's lemma to guarantee the existence of a minimal element which turns out to be a desired fixed point.
References
Fixed-point theorems
Metric geometry
Theorems in real analysis |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanley%20Skewes | Stanley Skewes (; 1899–1988) was a South African mathematician, best known for his discovery of the Skewes's number in 1933. He was one of John Edensor Littlewood's students at Cambridge University. Skewes's numbers contributed to the refinement of the theory of prime numbers.
Academic career
Skewes obtained a degree in civil engineering from the University of Cape Town before emigrating to England. He studied mathematics at Cambridge University and obtained a PhD in mathematics in 1938.
He discovered the first Skewes's number in 1933. This is also referred to as the Riemann true Skewes's number owing to its relationship to the Riemann hypothesis as related to prime number theory. He discovered the second Skewes's number in 1955. This number was applicable if the Riemann hypothesis is false. Since his original discovery the numbers have been further refined.
Publications
Personal life
Stanley Skewes was born in Germiston, South Africa in 1899. His parents were Henry (Harry) Skewes, a tin miner and assayer from Cury, Cornwall, England and Emily Moyle, who was American by birth. His parents moved from Redruth, Cornwall in 1894 to the Transvaal, South Africa.
He married Ena Allen. She was the daughter of the head chef at King's College, Cambridge, and a talented opera singer. Among his contemporaries at Cambridge was Alan Turing. They rowed together at Cambridge. Although Skewes returned to South Africa, he revisited Cambridge and Cornwall. He was also a keen rugby playe |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusnano | Rusnano Group () is a Russian state-established and funded company. The Rusnano Group's mission is to create competitive nanotechnology-based industry in Russia. Rusnano invests directly and through indirect funds into all major knowledge-based areas where nanotechnology is widely implemented: electronics, optics, telecom, classic and renewable energy, healthcare and biotechnology, materials and metallurgy, engineering and chemistry.
In 2020 the government of Russia has merged it with VEB.RF. As of 2017 100 % shares of Rusnano were owned by the Russian government.
In 2015 Rusnano had 16 investment projects. It invested into about 97 plants and R&D companies in 37 regions of Russia. In 2016 many such enterprises were either dissolved, bankrupted or repurposed (see. below). In 2016 the company was on the verge of bankruptcy significantly devaluating below the equity levels but managed to recover.
In November 2021 trade of company's securities trade was suspended on Moscow Stock Exchange. The same year the company declared net loss of 120 billions rubles, 20 of which were settled, with the rest making into the mid of 2021.
In June 2022 the company led by newly appointed () was again on the verge of insolvency.
In October 2022, the media learned that the government was considering liquidating Rusnano. The company's position worsened after the introduction of international sanctions against Russia. Significant assets are supposed to be transferred to other state corporation |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9%20Correia%20da%20Serra | José Francisco Correia da Serra (6 June 1750 – 11 September 1823) was a Portuguese abbot, polymath, philosopher, diplomat, politician and scientist.<ref>Diogo, Maria Paula Diogo, Ana Carneiro1 and Ana Simões. "The Portuguese naturalist Correia da Serra (1751–1823) and his impact on early nineteenth-century botany," Journal of the History of Biology." (June 2001) 34:2, 353–393.</ref> In some circumstances, he was also known as Abbé Correa. The plant genus Correa, native to Australia, is named in his honour.
Biography
Correia da Serra was born at Serpa, in Alentejo, in 1750, and was educated at Rome, where he took holy orders. In 1777, he returned to Lisbon, where he was one of the founders of the Academia das Ciências de Lisboa in 1779 (then called Academia Real das Ciências de Lisboa; Royal Academy of Sciences of Lisbon).
His published writings brought him into conflict with reactionary members of the religious and political hierarchy in Portugal.
In 1786, he fled to France, and remained there till the death of Portuguese King-consort Pedro III, when he again returned to his homeland, but political difficulties forced him to leave the country again. He went to England, where he found a protector in Sir Joseph Banks, who was President of the Royal Society. With Banks' support, he was easily elected a fellow of the society. In 1797, he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
In 1797, he was appointed secretary to the Portuguese embassy in Lond |
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