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Zalla Unión Club is a Spanish football team based in Zalla, in the autonomous community of Basque Country. Founded in 1925 it plays in Tercera División – Group 4, holding home games at Estadio Landaberri, with a capacity of 3,500 seats.
Team colours are: blue and white shirt, black shorts and blue and white-hooped socks at home, entirely red away.
Season to season
2 seasons in Segunda División B
30 seasons in Tercera División
External links
Official website
Futbolme team profile
Football clubs in the Basque Country (autonomous community)
Association football clubs established in 1925
1925 establishments in Spain | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zalla%20UC |
"A Modest Video Game Proposal" is the title of an open letter sent by activist/former attorney Jack Thompson to members of the press and to Entertainment Software Association president Doug Lowenstein on October 10, 2005. He proposed that, if someone were to "create, manufacture, distribute, and sell a video game in 2006" that allows players to play the scenario he has written, in which the character kills video game developers, he would donate $10,000 to the charity of former Take-Two Interactive chairman Paul Eibeler's choosing. The title of the letter alludes to Jonathan Swift's 18th-century satire essay A Modest Proposal.
Thompson stated that he thought such a game would never be made because developers would be afraid to "train" people to kill them. He was unaware that Running with Scissors had already released a commercial first-person shooter, Postal 2, in which the player could massacre the employees of Running with Scissors, including its CEO, Vince Desi, and actor Gary Coleman. Before that, some games had the game company buildings as Easter eggs, sometimes destroyable by the player (for example, MechWarrior 2 features the Activision headquarters in some levels), and Doom II even had the player essentially kill id Software co-founder John Romero in the final boss battle of the game.
The "Modest Proposal"
Jack Thompson wrote a letter that describes a game whose protagonist is Osaki Kim, the father of a high school boy beaten to death with a baseball bat by a 14-year-old gamer who played a game about beating people to death with a bat. The game intro shows the court session where the killer is sentenced to "only" life in prison.
Osaki Kim then swears vengeance, and gets weapons, "even baseball bats. Especially baseball bats." Kim goes to Long Island to kill Paula Eibel, the CEO of Take This, the company that made the "murder simulator on which his son's killer trained", along with her husband and kids, then urinates on their severed brain stems (as in Postal 2). (Take This is a parody of the name Take-Two Interactive, whose developers created the games Grand Theft Auto, Bully, and Manhunt, all of which are games which Jack Thompson lobbied against.) Kim then kills the lawyers of Blank, Stare, the Philadelphia law firm that defended Take This, "with singer Jackson Browne's 1980's hit Lawyers in Love blaring." Kim then destroys high-tech video arcades called GameWerks. Lastly, he goes to E3 on its opening at May 10, 2006, destroying all video game industry execs in "one final, monstrously delicious rampage".
Along the way, Kim steals supplies from Best Buy, Circuit City, Target and Walmart stores, and roughs up store managers and clerks, yelling "You should have checked kids' IDs!"
Games made
Defamation of Character: A Jack Thompson Murder Simulator
A group of modders known as the Fighting Hellfish (the name is taken from an episode of The Simpsons) had released exactly one week prior a mod for the game Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas, called Defamation of Character: A Jack Thompson Murder Simulator. The mod features Jack Thompson himself acting out a remarkably similar scenario, at one point even assassinating Doug Lowenstein. Acting under hypnosis, Thompson moonlights as Banman and takes to the streets in his "Bannedwagon" to destroy the entire shipment of Rockstar's Bully before it reaches distribution. Jack later assassinates Janet Reno after thwarting her coup, which forces him to confront the realization that his time spent researching violent games has turned him into his own "Manchurian Candidate". Although the team never asked him to donate the money, Thompson refused to when he discovered that the game existed. Initially he claimed that the game did not meet his criteria but later claimed that his proposal was satire and said that he would not donate the $10,000.
Thompson argued that the game had to be released in 2006, that Paul Eibeler had yet to pick a charity, and that the game had to be released by a company, not thrown together by "anyone in a garage". Despite his former claim that his proposal was satire, he claimed the offer was still valid, and that only the description of the scenario was satire, the offer to donate money was real.
I'm O.K – A Murder Simulator
In response to the "Modest Proposal", a company called Thompsonsoft created I'm O.K – A Murder Simulator in January 2006.
The game is based on the description of the "Modest Proposal". The story follows a disgruntled father of a killing victim who takes his revenge upon the games industry, which he blames for "training" the man who killed his son. Thompson argued that the game industry would never make such a game, in which the targets are virtual representations of themselves, for fear of turning players into their own killers. Jack Thompson later claimed that the game did not come close to his proposal, although other than the fact that former Take-Two Interactive CEO Paul Eibeler has not officially picked a charity, he has not gone into detail as to what parts of his proposal are yet to be satisfied. He also announced that "the attorneys for these idiots will be contacted."
Joystiq challenge
On April 4, 2006, Thompson commented on the online gaming blog Joystiq, suggesting a game in which the editors and writers for the blog were murdered. Thompson claimed that being targeted would let the writers know what it felt like to be a police officer or a woman after the release of Grand Theft Auto.
Instead, Joystiq actively challenged its readers to develop such a game over the course of several weeks, running a contest with a prize of merchandise as incentive. Photographs of each staff member were provided.
Response by Penny Arcade
On October 17, 2005, Mike Krahulik and Jerry Holkins of Penny Arcade donated the promised $10,000 to charity on Jack Thompson's behalf. Krahulik and Holkins donated the money, under Thompson's name, to the Entertainment Software Association Foundation, the charitable arm of the Entertainment Software Association. Thompson e-mailed both Penny Arcade and Joystiq, who ran a story about the donation, demanding that the articles be taken down "or else". The check was presented to the ESA Foundation at an ESAF fundraising dinner in San Francisco; in its memo line was written: "For Jack Thompson Because Jack Thompson Won't".
In retaliation, Jack Thompson faxed a letter to Seattle Police Chief Gil Kerlikowske, requesting assistance in halting the activities of Krahulik and Holkins. In his letter, he described how personnel within Penny Arcade were harassing him: the sale of an "I Hate Jack Thompson" shirt and frequent postings on their website where they allegedly admitted to harassment.
According to GameSpot, as of 9:55a.m. PDT October 18, 2005, the Seattle Police Department had not received Thompson's fax, which at that point had been sent to GameSpot, Penny Arcade, and other sites. Thompson emailed GameSpot, claiming that he had fixed the URL for Penny Arcade (which was incorrect in the original fax) and faxed the letter, commenting, "They have it now." Thompson also told GameSpot that he was not a "pixelated piñata in a game". He ended by saying that the "moral midgets" at Penny Arcade had chosen "the wrong target" and "I've been at this longer than he has." These vague threats have been deemed "nothing to worry about" by Penny Arcade. The Seattle Police Department confirmed to GameSpot on October 21 that they had received a complaint from Thompson.
On October 21, 2005, Thompson claimed to have sent a letter to John McKay, U.S. Attorney for the Western District of Washington, in an attempt to get the FBI involved. Thompson reiterated his claims of "extortion" and accuses Penny Arcade of using "their Internet site and various other means to encourage and solicit criminal harassment". Penny Arcade denies the charge of "extortion", noting that they paid the $10,000 to charity, and are asking nothing in return.
Thompson also contacted the office of Washington State Legislature Representative Mary Lou Dickerson, and her office confirms they asked John McKay to look into the matter. Thompson has not clarified how he is being "extorted", but accuses Penny Arcades Mike Krahulik of soliciting Florida Bar complaints against him through Krahulik posting the Florida Bar's link on Penny Arcades website. The link, however, is in a post asking fans to stop sending letters to the Bar because the Bar is fully aware of the current situation.
On October 27, 2005, the Seattle PD acknowledged receipt of Thompson's complaint, although after the initial reading of the letter they noted that the complaint appeared to be a civil, rather than criminal matter. They passed the letter on to the chief of their criminal investigations bureau for review.
References
External links
Attorney Proposes Violent Game, 2005 GameCube Advanced article containing the full text of Thompson's letter
Defamation of Character: A Jack Thompson Murder Simulator
I'm O.K – A Murder Simulator
Penny Arcade official website
Joystiq.com official website
2005 in video gaming
2005 works
Satirical works
Video game culture
Violence in video games | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%20Modest%20Video%20Game%20Proposal |
S.L. v. Austria was a case in the European Court of Human Rights concerning the age of consent. Austrian law, under Article 209 of the Austrian Criminal Code, provided for higher age of consent for male homosexual relations than for other (heterosexual or female homosexual) relations. The judgment of the court was delivered on 9 January 2003.
Background
Article 209 of the Austrian Criminal Code set the age of consent for male homosexual sex at 18 years, 4 years higher than the age of consent for heterosexual and lesbian sex, which was instead set at 14.
The complaint was brought to the Court by a man who chose to remain anonymous, who was referred to in the Court's proceedings as "S.L.". S.L. was born in 1981 and reported himself to have been sure of his homosexuality at the age of 15. He lived in a rural area where homosexuality is still taboo, and suffered from the fact that he could not live his homosexuality openly and – until he reached the age of 18 – could not enter into any fulfilling sexual relationship with an adult partner without having a fear of exposing that person to criminal prosecution.
On 2 June 2002, Article 209 was declared unconstitutional by the Austrian Constitutional Court; on 10 July 2002, it was repealed by Parliament, which introduced a new provision (Article 207b) penalizing sexual acts with a person under sixteen years of age if that person was for certain reasons not mature enough to understand the meaning of the act and the offender took advantage of this immaturity or if the person under sixteen years of age was in a predicament and the offender took advantage of that situation. Article 207b applied equally to all adults, regardless of sex or sexual orientation.
Judgement
The Court ruled unanimously that the inequality of age of consent constituted a violation of Article 14 taken in conjunction with Article 8, and also unanimously ruled that there was no need to examine the complaints lodged under Article 8 alone.
It was not disputed before the Court that the case falls within the ambit of Article 8. The development following the judgment of the Constitutional Court did not affect the applicant’s status as a victim. As regards the violation of Article 14 in conjunction with Article 8, the Court found no decisive difference between the present case and Sutherland v. United Kingdom.
The Court examined whether there was an objective and reasonable justification why young men in the fourteen-to-eighteen-age bracket needed protection against any sexual relationship with adult men, while young women in the same age bracket did not need such protection against relations with either adult men or women. It came to the conclusion that to the extent that Article 209 of the Criminal Code embodied predisposed bias on the part of a heterosexual majority against the homosexual minority, these negative attitudes could not themselves provide sufficient justification for the differential treatment anymore.
References
External links
Judgment
Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights
Article 14 of the European Convention on Human Rights
European Court of Human Rights cases involving Austria
2003 in Austria
European Court of Human Rights case law on LGBT rights
2003 in LGBT history
LGBT rights in Austria
2003 in case law
LGBT history in Austria | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S.%20L.%20v.%20Austria |
This is a list of association football stadiums in Scotland, ranked in descending order of capacity. The minimum required capacity is 1,000.
Current stadiums
See also
List of association football stadiums by capacity
List of British stadiums by capacity
List of European stadiums by capacity
List of Scottish Football League stadiums
List of Scottish Professional Football League stadiums
Scottish football attendance records
References
External links
Photos at cafe.daum.net/stade
Scottish stadiums guide at footballgroundguide.com
Stadiums
Lists of sports venues in Scotland
Lists of sports venues with capacity | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20football%20stadiums%20in%20Scotland |
Earl Cranston (June 27, 1840 – August 18, 1932) was an American bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church, elected in 1896. He also distinguished himself as a Methodist pastor and presiding elder, and as an editor and publisher of the M.E. Church.
Birth and family
Earl was born in Athens, Ohio, the third bishop of the Methodist Church to have been born in Athens. Earl was said to have a vigorous body squarely built and above the average height for that day (mid-19th century). Among his ancestors were Roger Williams and John and Samuel Cranston, both colonial governors of Rhode Island. Earl was the son of Earl and Jane E. (née Montgomery) Cranston. Earl Jr married Martha A. Behan in 1861. She died April 7, 1872. He then married Laura A. Martin, who died February 3, 1903. He then married Lucie M. Parker. Earl was the father of Earl M., Grace, James B., Dora, Ethel, Laura Alden, and Ruth (who became a well-known writer and lecturer).
Education and Christian conversion
Cranston graduated High School in Jackson, Ohio. He earned the A.B. degree (with honor) in 1861 and the A.M. degree in 1865, both from Ohio University. The Rev. Solomon Howard, D.D., LL.D., was the president of O.U. at the time. Cranston was a member of Beta Theta Pi fraternity.
The Rev. William Taylor, (later Missionary Bishop of Africa) visited Athens during Earl's college years. Taylor held revival services, in which many students, including Earl, were converted to Christ.
Military service and business career
Cranston entered the Union Army during the American Civil War as a private. He progressed through the ranks, first as a first sergeant, then as a commissioned officer, as a first lieutenant, adjutant and finally as a captain. He left the U.S. Army in 1864.
Following his military service, Earl studied for business, and was engaged in commercial affairs until 1867, when he entered the ministry.
Ordained ministry and the founding of University of Denver
Cranston was admitted as a minister to the Ohio Annual Conference of the M.E. Church in 1867. He served the following appointments as pastor: Portsmouth, 1867–69; and Columbus, 1869-70. He then was transferred to the Minnesota Conference, where he served Winona, 1870-71. He transferred again, to the Illinois Conference, where he served Jacksonville, 1871-74. He transferred again, to the Indiana Conference, where he was appointed to Evansville, 1874-75. He then transferred to the Cincinnati Conference, where he was appointed pastor in Cincinnati, Ohio, 1875-78.
In 1878, Cranston was appointed pastor in Denver, Colorado, a change necessitated by the health of his family. While in Denver, Cranston took a prominent part in the movement to create and establish the University of Denver. He served both as secretary of the board of trustees, and as chairman of the finance committee. He also spent time as a member of the faculty.
In 1880, Cranston was appointed presiding elder of the Southern District of the Colorado Conference, serving until 1884. During this time he covered a territory of , requiring as much as of travel each year.
Publishing agent
The 1884 General Conference of the M.E. Church elected Cranston publishing agent for the Western Book Concern, headquartered in Cincinnati. The Western Book Concern included offices in Chicago, St. Louis and on the Pacific coast. During this time he resided at Avondale, Cincinnati. He held this position until 1896.
Cranston was a member of M.E. General Conferences from 1884 until 1896.
Honorary degrees
Cranston was made an honorary Doctor of Divinity in 1884 by Allegheny College. He was similarly honored by Cornell College in Iowa (D.D., 1884). His alma mater, Ohio University, awarded the LL.D. in 1896.
Episcopal ministry
Cranston was elected bishop by the 1896 M.E. General Conference. As bishop he traveled widely throughout his denomination. His residence was Washington, D.C.
Cranston also served as a trustee of various institutions of higher education, including Ohio University (1896), The University of Puget Sound (1897-04), Willamette University (1897–1904), Goucher College (1905–16) and Morgan College (1912–16). He was also a member of the Fourth Ecumenical Methodist Conference, Toronto, 1911.
Cranston was a member of the Grand Army of the Republic and of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States. He also was a Mason.
Death and burial
Cranston died at New Richmond, Ohio. He is buried in Arlington National Cemetery in Virginia.
Selected writings
Breaking Down the Walls, The Methodist Book Concern, 1915.
See also
List of bishops of the United Methodist Church
References
Leete, Frederick DeLand, Methodist Bishops (Nashville, The Methodist Publishing House, 1948).
Methodism: Ohio Area (1812–1962), edited by John M. Versteeg, Litt.D., D.D. (Ohio Area Sesquicentennial Committee, 1962).
Price, Carl F., Compiler and Editor: Who's Who in American Methodism, New York: E.B. Treat & Co., 1916.
External links
1840 births
1932 deaths
People from Athens, Ohio
Union Army officers
United States Army officers
Bishops of the Methodist Episcopal Church
American Methodist Episcopal bishops
American book editors
American publishers (people)
Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
People of Ohio in the American Civil War
Methodist writers
Religious leaders from Cincinnati
Willamette University people
People from New Richmond, Ohio | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earl%20Cranston |
Television House is the former name of a building on Kingsway in London. From 1918, it was the base of the Air Ministry, and later from 1955, was the headquarters of Associated-Rediffusion/Rediffusion London, Independent Television News (ITN), TV Times magazine, the Independent Television Companies Association and, at first, Associated Television. Later, it was the initial base for Rediffusion's successor, Thames Television. After Thames moved out, it was the headquarters of the General Register Office for England and Wales and subsequently of ExxonMobil. It is now known as 61 Aldwych.
History
Adastral House
The Kingsway area had been redeveloped at the start of the 20th century from slums and tenement housing into a broad avenue with grand office buildings and expensive townhouses.
After the formation of the Air Ministry in 1918, its headquarters was on Kingsway; one of two identical buildings opposite Bush House became Adastral House, the name being derived from the RAF motto. This remained the home of the Air Ministry through World War II, and the roof of the building in 1940 during The Blitz is where, while fire-watching, Arthur Harris, made the remark about the bombing to a companion, "Well, they are sowing the wind...". The building became known to the public after the war as it was announced during BBC weather forecasts that the Met Office had measured the temperatures and wind speeds in central London from its roof.
During WWII, a Jamaican teenager called Billy Strachan sold all of his possessions and travelled all the way from the Caribbean to Adastral House, incorrectly believing that this was where he should go to join the Royal Air Force (RAF). When he arrived he was racially abused by the guards, before being rescued by sergeant who gave Strachan correct instructions on how to join the RAF. Strachan then went onto become an accomplished bomber pilot and a pioneer of black civil rights in Britain.
Television House
In 1954, the Independent Television Authority (ITA) awarded the first two contracts for the imminent ITV commercial television network. Because the BBC had previously held a monopoly on broadcasting, there were no non-BBC television studio facilities in the UK. Associated-Rediffusion, as one of the two contractors, needed to build from scratch a whole new facility. The company had hired Thomas Brownrigg as General Manager, partially due to his extensive knowledge of planning and project management, which would be needed in simultaneously building a new company and its studios and headquarters.
British Electric Traction, the majority owner of Associated-Rediffusion, bought the freehold on Adastral House from the government. Brownrigg engaged Bovis Limited (later Bovis Construction) to gut the building internally and build a new suite of offices, technical facilities, and studios to be called Television House. This was begun in early 1955 and, with a planned start date for ITV of 22 September 1955, was worked on at great speed, virtually 24 hours a day.
Four small studios (numbered 7, 8, 9, and 10) were built inside the building, mainly for current affairs and continuity use (the main large studios, later the Fountain Studios, were based at the former 20th Century Fox studios in Wembley in Middlesex). Additionally, office space and dining facilities for over 1,000 people were created. A suite of management offices, replete with an oak-paneled boardroom, was built.
The original headquarters and studio facilities of ITN were located on the seventh and eighth floors of the building.
TV Times, part-owned by Associated-Rediffusion, occupied offices in the building from 1957 until April 1958.
A computer room, housing an early mainframe computer that controlled advertising bookings, was added on the second floor in 1966.
Associated TeleVision (ATV) inhabited Television House for the first few years of broadcasting, mainly as office accommodation rather than studio facilities. For a period early in ITV's history, Associated-Rediffusion provided this space for free as part of the effort to keep ITV afloat during the financial crisis of 1955-1957.
St Catherine's House
In the 1967 ITV contract round the ITA awarded the London weekday contract to a joint company formed from ABC Weekend TV and Rediffusion Television, Thames Television. This new company had a surplus number of studios in London. The Wembley studios were therefore sold to the then-new London Weekend Television. Thames, controlled by the former ABC, decided that a brand new studio complex, equipped from the start for colour broadcasting and located out of the center of London would be more appropriate.
Thames used Television House as its headquarters whilst the building of the new Thames Television House in Euston took place.
When Television House was vacated in 1970, the building was again occupied by the government, this time by the General Register Office for England and Wales (previously based in Somerset House). It was renamed St Catherine's House, and was used to house the birth, marriage and death certificates of the English and Welsh populations. In 1997, the building was vacated by the General Register Office (now the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys), which moved to Southport in Merseyside.
After extensive refurbishment, the building became the UK headquarters of ExxonMobil.
Centrium
After ExxonMobil left, the building was renamed "The Centrium" and housed several organisations, including Herman Miller, the Nursing and Midwifery Council, SVG Capital, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Ashmore Group, Tishman Speyer and Interconnector UK
61 Aldwych
The building was subsequently renamed "61 Aldwych" by manager Tishman Speyer. The building's management was later transferred to BH2 and Cushman & Wakefield.
Production space
Studio 7: . 33' by 24' = 10 m x 7.3 m
Studio 8: . 38' by 25' = 11.6 m x 7.6 m
Studio 9: . 64' by 40' = 19.5 m x 12.2 m
Studio 10: . 26' by 12' = 8 m x 3.7 m
Master Control: .
Maintenance Workshop: .
VTR (with 2x Ampex video recorders): .
Telecine (with 2x Cintel, 1x RCA Vidicon and 2x EMI Flying Spot telecine machines): .
Rehearsal rooms x6: .
Projector theatres x 6
Cutting rooms x15
Dubbing theatre
References
Croston, Eric ITV 1963 London: Independent Television Authority 1963
Various authors A Guide to Rediffusion Television Studios London: Rediffusion Television Ltd April 1967
Elliott, Ronald (Ed.) Fusion: Associated-Rediffusion's House Magazine number 19, June 1961
Graham, Russ J London Calling undated, accessed 21 February 2006
Centrium, accessed 7 February 2008
External links
BFI Screen Online
TV Studio History website
Television House at This is Rediffusion
Buildings and structures in the City of Westminster
Cultural and educational buildings in London
ITV offices, studios and buildings
Mass media company headquarters in the United Kingdom
Media and communications in the City of Westminster
History of the Royal Air Force | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Television%20House |
M. E. Church may refer to
Maureen Elizabeth Church, Welsh botanist and botanical illustrator
Methodist Episcopal Church | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M.%20E.%20Church |
BDZ may refer to:
Benzodiazepines, a class of drugs
Bulgarian State Railways (Balgarski Darzhavni Zheleznitsi in Bulgarian)
BDZ (album), a 2018 album by Twice
"BDZ" (song), a song from the album
bdz, the ISO 639-3 code of the Badeshi language | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BDZ |
The Flying Horses Carousel is the oldest operating platform carousel in America. Located in the historic resort community of Oak Bluffs, Massachusetts, on Martha's Vineyard, the carousel was apparently first located in New York City before being moved to the island in the 1880s.
The carousel was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979 and designated a National Historic Landmark in 1987. The carousel is one of only a handful of carousels that still have brass rings for a rider to attempt to grab as the carousel rotates.
History
Oak Bluffs, located on the northeastern part of the island of Martha's Vineyard, was originally settled as part of Edgartown in the 17th century. In 1835 the Methodist camp known as Wesleyan Grove (also a National Historic Landmark) was established in the area. Development of the area as a summer resort became more formally organized with the establishment of the Oak Bluffs Land and Wharf Company in 1866. The company developed what was then one of the earliest planned communities, guiding the community's growth over the following years.
The exact date of construction of the carousel is not known. Its artwork closely resembles that found in an 1870s catalog published by the Charles W. F. Dare Company, a major manufacturer of carousels in the late 19th century. At least one expert believes that artwork of the carousel itself was done by the same artist whose work appears in the catalog, suggesting its construction date to be between 1876 and 1878.
In 1884, F. O. Gordon of New York City acquired the carousel and moved it to Cottage City, as Oak Bluffs was then known. Evidence of its use in New York is surmised from a stamp "Coney Island #4" on the inside of one of its decorative panels. It was originally sited near the entrance to Oak Bluffs Harbor. In 1889, the town of Oak Bluffs acquired the carousel and moved it to its present location at the base of Circuit Avenue, the town's business and entertainment district. The town sold the carousel to Joseph Turnell in 1896, and it then went through a succession of owners before its acquisition by the Martha's Vineyard Land Trust in 1986.
The carousel was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979, and designated a National Historic Landmark in 1986. It is one of the two oldest operating carousels in the United States; the other, the Flying Horse Carousel in Watch Hill, Rhode Island (also a National Historic Landmark), is of a similar vintage, and is also a Dare Company carousel.
Description
The carousel is sited on a roughly triangular piece of land at the base of Circuit Avenue in Oak Bluffs that is bounded by Circuit Avenue, Oak Bluffs Avenue, Lake Avenue and Kennebec Avenue. Its address is 33 Oak Bluffs Avenue. Since being moved to the island, it has been housed in a somewhat utilitarian single-story building. It is sheathed in wood shingles, and has a low gable roof.
The carousel is about in diameter. Fourteen spreader panels radiate from the central platform, and are secured to the upper canopy by the columns that also support the horses and carriages of the carousel. Despite the name "Flying Horses" (given by Joseph Turnell), the horses are stationary when the carousel is rotating. The horses have their original oxide eyes, but their original horsehair manes have been lost.
The layout of the horses and carriages is as follows: a chariot, two pair of horses, a chariot, three pairs of horses, and then the entire sequence repeated. The panels that decorate the carousel, including those surrounding the central column housing the carousel machinery, depict equestrian and marine scenes. By the 1980s, these panels, needing restoration, had been removed and replaced by panels of local scenes done by a local artist. When the site was purchased by the Martha's Vineyard Land Trust, the Flying Horses underwent an extensive restoration, returning the carousel to its original appearance, complete with the historic panel paintings that were done by a Dare Company artist.
Although originally powered by steam, the carousel was converted to electricity in 1900, and is powered by a 10-horsepower motor located in the building's basement. The gears and belts connecting the motor to the carousel were rehabilitated in the 1980s. The ride has a traditional ring assembly, where the lucky rider who successfully grabs a brass ring gets a free ride.
The carousel’s music is provided by a 1923 Wurlitzer #103 Band Organ.
See also
List of National Historic Landmarks in Massachusetts
List of carousels on the National Register of Historic Places
National Register of Historic Places listings in Dukes County, Massachusetts
References
External links
Martha's Vineyard Land Trust page on the carousel
National Historic Landmarks in Massachusetts
National Register of Historic Places in Dukes County, Massachusetts
Carousels in Massachusetts
Amusement rides introduced in 1876
Buildings and structures in Oak Bluffs, Massachusetts
Carousels on the National Register of Historic Places in Massachusetts | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flying%20Horses%20Carousel |
The Stabex (from French Système de Stabilisation des Recettes d'Exportation) is the acronym for a European Commission compensatory finance scheme to stabilise export earnings of the ACP countries. It was first introduced in the first Lomé Convention (1975) with the purpose of remedying the harmful effects of the instability in export revenue from agricultural products.
Stabex (along with similar mechanism for the mineral products– Sysmin that was provided for in the second Lomé Convention (1979)) was abolished by Cotonou Agreement in 2000. The agreement has been linked closely to that of the IMF compensatory package. However the debate rages that these aren't as effective as free trade due to the long run instability of the products.
References
ACP–European Union relations | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stabex |
The Rural Municipality of Loreburn No. 254 (2016 population: ) is a rural municipality (RM) in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within Census Division No. 11 and Division No. 5. It is located in the south-central portion of the province.
History
The RM of Loreburn No. 254 incorporated as a rural municipality on December 12, 1910.
Geography
Communities and localities
The following urban municipalities are surrounded by the RM.
Villages
Elbow
Hawarden
Loreburn
Strongfield
The following unincorporated communities are within the RM.
Localities
Cutbank
Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, the RM of Loreburn No. 254 had a population of living in of its total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of . With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2021.
In the 2016 Census of Population, the RM of Loreburn No. 254 recorded a population of living in of its total private dwellings, a change from its 2011 population of . With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2016.
Government
The RM of Loreburn No. 254 is governed by an elected municipal council and an appointed administrator that meets on the second Wednesday of every month. The reeve of the RM is Kevin Vollmer while its administrator is Vanessa Tastad. The RM's office is located in Loreburn.
See also
List of rural municipalities in Saskatchewan
References
Loreburn
Division No. 11, Saskatchewan | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rural%20Municipality%20of%20Loreburn%20No.%20254 |
Bellevue () is an urban community in the Rocky Mountains within the Municipality of Crowsnest Pass in southwest Alberta, Canada. It was formerly incorporated as a village prior to 1979 when it amalgamated with four other municipalities to form Crowsnest Pass.
Unlike some of the other communities in Crowsnest Pass, which relied on a single coal mine, Bellevue benefitted from the proximity of several successful mines and persist today despite setbacks from fire, strikes, mine accidents and fluctuations in the coal market.
History
Bellevue was founded in 1905 on the flat land above the Bellevue Mine operated by the French-based West Canadian Collieries (WCC). Its post office opened in 1907. The naming of the town is credited to Elsie Fleutot, the young daughter of one of WCC's French Canadian principals, Jules J. Fleutot, after she exclaimed "Quelle belle vue!" (What a beautiful view!). In 1909, the Maple Leaf Coal Company commenced operations at the Mohawk Bituminous Mine and constructed the settlement of Maple Leaf adjacent to Bellevue. In 1913, WCC transferred many workers to Bellevue from its closed Lille operations. WCC displayed a five-ton coal boulder at the 1910 Dominion Exhibition in Calgary.
This period of growth was not without setbacks. An explosion in the Bellevue Mine during a partial afternoon shift on December 9, 1910, killed 30 miners. In 1917, a fire destroyed most of Bellevue's business section, followed by smaller fires in 1921 and 1922. A shanty-town called Bush Town, or Il Bosc, below Bellevue was flooded in 1923 but persisted for several years.
West Canadian Collieries opened the Adanac Mine at Byron Creek in 1945, but by 1957 all of the Bellevue area mines were closed. The tipple at Bellevue continued to process coal from WCC's Grassy Mountain open-pit, but was removed in 1962 after that operation closed. These closures caused a critical reduction in Bellevue's tax base.
Bellevue finally incorporated as a village on January 1, 1957. The realignment of Highway 3 in the 1970s led to a decline of Bellevue's business section. On November 3, 1978, the Government of Alberta passed the Crowsnest Pass Municipal Unification Act, which led to the formal amalgamation of the Village of Bellevue with the Town of Blairmore, the Town of Coleman, the Village of Frank, and Improvement District (ID) No. 5 on January 1, 1979.
Bellevue Café shootout
On August 2, 1920, local miners George Arkoff, Ausby Auloff and Tom Bassoff robbed the Canadian Pacific Railway's train No. 63 at gunpoint, hoping to find wealthy rum-runner Emilio "Emperor Pic" Picariello aboard. Eluding the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, the Alberta Provincial Police and the CPR Police, Auloff escaped into the United States while Bassoff and Arkoff remained in the area. On August 7, the two were spotted in the Bellevue Café. Three constables entered the café through the front and back doors, and in the ensuing shootout Arkoff, RCMP Corporal Ernest Usher and APP Constable F.W.E. Bailey were killed while Bassoff, though wounded, escaped into the rubble of the Frank Slide. During the pursuit, Special Constable Nicolas Kyslik was accidentally shot and killed by another officer. Bassoff was eventually apprehended without incident on August 11 at Pincher Station, 35 kilometres to the east.
Although testimony suggests that the police officers had failed to identify themselves and had probably fired first, Bassoff was found guilty of murder and hanged in Lethbridge on December 22, 1920.
Ausby Auloff was captured in 1924 near Butte, Montana, after trying to sell a distinctive railway watch. Auloff, who had not been involved in the shootout, was returned to Alberta where he was sentenced to seven years imprisonment, and died in 1926.
Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Bellevue had a population of 911 living in 445 of its 555 total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of 866. With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2021.
See also
List of former urban municipalities in Alberta
References
Crowsnest and its People, Crowsnest Pass Historical Society, 1979.
Crowsnest Pass, Alberta
Designated places in Alberta
Former villages in Alberta
Populated places disestablished in 1979 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bellevue%2C%20Alberta |
The following is a list of shopping malls in Poland.
Poland
Shopping malls | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20shopping%20malls%20in%20Poland |
Hillcrest, also known as Hillcrest Mines, is an urban community in the Rocky Mountains within the Municipality of Crowsnest Pass in southwest Alberta, Canada. It was once a hamlet under the jurisdiction of Improvement District (ID) No. 5 prior to 1979 when the former ID No. 5 amalgamated with four other municipalities to form Crowsnest Pass.
History
Hillcrest was named after Charles Plummer Hill, an early coal prospector and entrepreneur who also founded Porthill, Idaho. Hill grew up and was educated in Seaford, Delaware before moving northwest. The Hillcrest Coal and Coke Company, incorporated on January 31, 1905, began constructing the community the same year, and the Canadian Pacific Railway soon built a spur, for transporting coal from the Hillcrest Mine, and a train station. Hillcrest soon grew to a population of about 1,000. The post office opened in 1907 with Mr. Hill as the postmaster.
Although the mine was successful, and considered one of the safest in the region, an underground explosion in 1914 (Canada's worst mine disaster) killed 189 people — almost twenty percent of the community's population and half the mine's workforce. A further explosion in 1926 killed two others. After the mine closed in 1939, Hillcrest experienced a period of economic decline.
In 1979, the former I.D. No. 5, which included the former hamlet of Hillcrest, amalgamated with Bellevue, Blairmore, Coleman and Frank to form the Municipality of Crowsnest Pass.
Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Hillcrest had a population of 640 living in 324 of its 373 total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of 597. With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2021.
See also
List of communities in Alberta
List of designated places in Alberta
References
Crowsnest and its People, Crowsnest Pass Historical Society, 1979.
https://www.newz.it/2017/06/20/storia-di-emigrazione-calabrese-103-anni-fa-la-tragedia-hillcrest-mines-dove-persero-la-vita-4-minatori-di-mammola/280360
Tragedia a Hillcrest Mines 19-6-1914 - Storia di emigrazione Calabrese, dove persero la vita 4 minatori di Mammola RC
Designated places in Alberta
Former hamlets in Alberta
Localities in Crowsnest Pass, Alberta | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hillcrest%2C%20Alberta |
Option (オプション, Opushon in katakana and subtitled Exciting Car Magazine) is an automotive magazine founded by in 1981, to meet the demand for enthusiasts of modified Japanese cars in Japan.
The magazine is published by the Japanese media giant , the parent company of Sunpros, a company owned by Inada, who is behind both the D1 Grand Prix series and Tokyo Auto Salon.
Description
During the earlier days, the magazines used to cover illegal street races held in expressways before it became illegal to do so. Also, it covers the exploits of Inada attempts at driving speed records, whether it was at Bonneville, at the German Autobahn or at the Silver State Classic, even by members of the magazine editorial team. Nowadays the series features Wangan competitions on closed roads and where it is legalised to do so.
Beside speed tests and modified car features, other regular features includes, a rate-my-car feature where readers send a photo of their car to be judged by Manabu Suzuki, with a comedic result; a monthly features, where Keiichi Tsuchiya solves readers' problems that concern with drifting, a monthly column called Sugoiyo Osaru-san (すごいよ！ オサルさん) by Ken Nomura. Also it has a D1GP mini-magazine. Other contributors includes Eiji Yamada and Manabu Orido. The magazine also covered the buildup to his Silver State exploits that he has become known for.
Other magazines in the Option line are Option 2, a similar magazine but less emphasises on feature cars but more on technical bits and DIY modifications; Option Wagon for modified MPV, Drift Tengoku, a magazine and video series dedicated to drifting and Video Option. The Option magazine is known to be very popular amongst JDM enthusiasts and people who work in the Import industry who use it to gain knowledge on new parts.
Option also sponsors the HKS Premium Day's Option Fuji Super Lap, a major time attack competition for tuned cars held at Fuji Speedway.
Project cars
StreamZ (ver.1) (ストリームZ in Katakana ) — After one failed attempt to compete in the Silver State Classic held at Ely, Nevada in 1999 driving a Blitz modified R34 Skyline GT-R, Inada decided to return in 2003 for an attempt at the overall record which had been recorded into the Guinness Book of Records by a stock car based Chrysler LeBaron. The Stream Z was a Nissan Fairlady Z33 built to compete in the Unlimited category unlike the R34 which had been competing in the average category and is modified by tuner, JUN Auto. Its VQ35DE engine was enlarged to 3.8 liters and equipped with a Garrett T88-34D turbocharger giving out a total horsepower of 800. During the race, the rear left tire delaminated but did not lose air at 240 km/h; however, when attempting to slow down by dropping into 3rd gear at 240 km/h, the car left the road and rolled over seven times. Inada managed to survive without serious injuries but was to be taken to the nearby hospital. The accident had never been officially investigated, but the in-car camera video was reviewed and it is speculated that a last-minute incorrect rear-end alignment caused the tire to overheat and delaminate, and driver error caused the crash. The wrecked car was shipped back to Japan and, in January the following year at the Tokyo Auto Salon, was displayed at the magazine’s stand and became one of the show’s attractions that year, attracting more people than many of the show cars displayed.
Stream Z (ver.2) — After the show ended, the magazine and Dai decided on another attempt at the race, this time they took on another Z33 as a donor car but now with a wide arch kit to allow for wider tires. Whatever was intact in the old car had now been transferred into the newer car including the 3.8 litre engine. Now with the T88-38GK turbocharger giving out 100 extra horsepower to the previous car and for extra safety measures came equipped with a drag chute in the event of a tire failure. The Option crew also hired a helicopter to watch over the car in any event of incident but managed to finish third place overall without incident.
For the following year, the car was modified at the rear suspension allowing the rear camber to be altered. Unfortunately in 2005, on the day before the race, during a speed run, Inada drove the car off course after not noticing the finishing line (which was a set of cones), misreading co driver Susumu Koyama's (owner of tuner, JUN Auto) signal to slow down, and failing to slow down before a corner 2 km after the finishing line, causing mechanical damages to the car and putting the co-driver in hospital for whiplash injuries. As a result they were forced to miss out on the main race, but he was the winner of the shootout race that caused such misfortune for him.
During and his attempt at the Nevada Open Road Challenge on May 2006 which he retired with a broken crank pulley after 57 km, Inada announced his retirement and the following event would become his last race. During that September, during a run a day prior to the main race, he blew his engine.
Both the magazine's project cars have made appearances in video games, its earlier project car, Option Speed Wagon have appeared in the 1998 Konami arcade game Racing Jam as a hidden car and the infamous Option Stream Z have appeared in both installments of the D1 Grand Prix game by Yuke's and the ver.2 in Gran Turismo 4 all as bonus cars.
See also
Import scene
Japan domestic market
Video Option
External links
Official Site
JDM Option site
Hiroya Kato's Gallery (magazine cover illustrator)
Overboost Industry Profile – Daijiro Inada
Overboost car feature - Option Stream Z
Drift Japan » Daijiro Inada Driver Profile - Founder of Option Magazine
1981 establishments in Japan
D1 Grand Prix
Automobile magazines published in Japan
Monthly magazines published in Japan
Magazines established in 1981
Magazines published in Tokyo | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Option%20%28car%20magazine%29 |
Club de Fútbol Badalona () is a Spanish football team based in Badalona, in the autonomous community of Catalonia. Founded in 1903 it plays in , temporarily holding home games at Estadi Municipal de Badalona, with a capacity of 4,170 seats.
Badalona acts as the reserve team of CF Badalona Futur since 2022.
History
Badalona was founded in 1903 as Football Bétulo Club, being renamed FC Badalona five years later. It played 14 seasons in the second division (1934–36, 1939–41, 1947–52, 1963–68), but this was prior to the creation of the intermediate Segunda División B.
As the club was constantly in economical problems, having to battle for the people's preference with basketball side Joventut Badalona, it nearly disappeared in the early 2000s (as the side was on the verge of celebrating 100 years) but, after another merge, this time with Unió de l'Esport Badaloní, resurfaced and changed names to Club de Fútbol Badalona – with the latter preserving its history – eventually making its debut in the (new) third level in 2004.
In January 2015, its home ground since 1936, the 10,000 seat Camp del Centenari, was demolished and the club was relocated temporarily to Camp de Montigalà, until the completion of the new 4,100 seat Estadi Municipal de Badalona, inaugurated on 29 January 2017. Average attendance for their home games has been 946 in 2018–19 and 947 in 2019–20.
The club finished 7th in Segunda División B, Group 3 in the 2018–19 season. Badalona had a solid performance at home, having lost only 4 of 19 matches at the Estadi Municipal. The club finished 19th in the COVID-19 shortened 2019–20 season, winning only 3 of their 12 home games, but was not relegated to Tercera División as the Royal Spanish Football Federation revoked all relegations due to the incomplete (3/4 of games were played) season.
On 19 July 2022, Badalona absorbed UE Costa Brava. As the club was relegated to Tercera Federación, Costa Brava changed name to Club de Fútbol Badalona Futur, with the original Badalona acting as a reserve team.
Club background
Football Bétulo Club (1903–1907)
Football Club Badalona (1907–1941)
Club de Fútbol Badalona (1942–)
Season to season
As an independent team
As the reserve team of CF Badalona Futur
14 seasons in Segunda División
17 seasons in Segunda División B
1 season in Segunda División RFEF
40 seasons in Tercera División
2 seasons in Tercera Federación
18 seasons in Categorías Regionales
Honours
Copa Federación de España
Winners: 2003–04
Players
Current squad
Notable players
Famous coaches
Fred Spiksley
Ramón Calderé
Josep Escolà
References
External links
Official website
Futbolme team profile
Club & stadium history - España de Espana
Football clubs in Catalonia
Association football clubs established in 1903
Sport in Badalona
1903 establishments in Catalonia
Segunda División clubs | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CF%20Badalona |
Blairmore is a community in the Rocky Mountains within the Municipality of Crowsnest Pass in southwest Alberta, Canada. It was formerly incorporated as a town prior to 1979 when it amalgamated with four other municipalities to form Crowsnest Pass. Blairmore is the principal commercial centre of Crowsnest Pass.
History
Originally a Canadian Pacific Railway stop called Tenth Siding or The Springs (for the cold sulphur spring to the east), the settlement was renamed Blairmore in November 1898 and it got a post office the following year. A ten-year dispute over land ownership between the CPR station agent and the section foreman stunted early development. The community was incorporated as the Village of Blairmore on September 3, 1901. Blairmore's principal industry was lumber and, after 1907, coal. Other industries soon followed. Blairmore incorporated as a town on September 29, 1911. With the declining fortunes of the nearby community of Frank, Blairmore soon became the region's economic centre. The Greenhill mine, located just north of Blairmore, became the mainstay of the community until its closure in 1957.
One of the town's early residents was Emilio Picariello (1875 – 1923). "Emperor Pic" settled in Blairmore in 1918 and operated several businesses, but also illegally imported alcohol from nearby British Columbia during prohibition. Picariello and Florence Lassandro were hanged in 1923 after the shooting death of Alberta Provincial Police constable Steve Lawson in 1922.
Like many Canadian industrial towns in the 1930s, Blairmore had some sympathies with Communism. Canada's first Communist town council and school board were elected in Blairmore in 1933, which reformed the tax system, and refused to observe Remembrance Day as an Imperialist holiday and honoured the Russian Revolution instead. A street was named after the leader of the Communist Party of Canada, Tim Buck, a decision that was reversed by the next town council.
On November 3, 1978, the Government of Alberta passed the Crowsnest Pass Municipal Unification Act, which led to the formal amalgamation of the Town of Blairmore with the Village of Bellevue, the Town of Coleman, the Village of Frank, and Improvement District (ID) No. 5 on January 1, 1979.
Canadian Militia
From 1946 to 1965, Blairmore was home to Canadian Militia units associated with the Royal Canadian Electrical Mechanical Engineers. From 1946 to 1950, No. 22 Armoured Workshop existed prior to being renamed as a Troop of 39 Technical Squadron (1950-1954) and eventually the 31st Technical Squadron (1954-1965). During this time, the Squadron had a band which regularly paraded within the town as well as a 535 Royal Canadian Army Cadet Corps, which existed until 1971.
Geography
Blairmore is located in southwest Alberta in the Canadian Rockies. It is approximately west of Lethbridge on Highway 3 (Crowsnest Highway) and approximately east of the British Columbia border. Fellow Crowsnest Pass communities Frank and Coleman are to the east and to the west respectively.
Geology
Volcanic rocks in the Blairmore area are related to the Crowsnest Formation. As a geological unit, the volcanics received some attention in the late 1980s when geologists stated they had found trace amounts of gold in certain units of the volcanics. Blairmorite, a rare volcanic rock of the Crowsnest Formation, is named after Blairmore.
Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population, the urban population centre of Blairmore, as delineated by Statistics Canada, recorded a population of living in of its total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of . With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2021.
As a population centre in the 2016 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Blairmore recorded a population of 1,545 living in 731 of its 886 total private dwellings, a change from its 2011 population of 1,521. With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2016.
See also
List of former urban municipalities in Alberta
References
Crowsnest Pass, Alberta
Former towns in Alberta
Populated places disestablished in 1979
1979 disestablishments in Alberta | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blairmore%2C%20Alberta |
Gatton College of Business and Economics is a college of the University of Kentucky. Gatton College educates more than 4,000 undergraduate, master's, and doctoral students in accounting, economics, finance, management, and marketing and supply chain management. Founded in 1925 as the College of Commerce, the college was created from the Department of Economics and was given full accreditation by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business International. Initially the college occupied a single room in White Hall. In 1995, the Board of Trustees renamed the college in honor of Mr. Carol Martin "Bill" Gatton, '54, in recognition of his $14 million pledge. The donation was the largest in the history of the university. The current dean is Simon J. Sheather. The college is located in central campus along South Limestone.
Academic units
Von Allmen School of Accountancy
Economics
John Maze Stewart Department of Finance & Quantitative Methods
Management
Marketing & Supply Chain
Degrees offered
Bachelor of Science in Accounting
Bachelor's degrees in Economics
Bachelor of Business Administration – Decision Science and Information Systems (currently under review)
Bachelor of Business Administration – Finance
Bachelor of Business Administration – Marketing
Bachelor of Business Administration – Management
Master of Business Administration
Master of Science in Accounting
Master of Science in Economics
Master of Science in Finance
Ph.D. in Business Administration with a specialization in Accounting
Ph.D. in Economics
Ph.D. in Business Administration
Decision Science and Information Systems (currently under review)
Finance and Quantitative Methods
Management
Marketing and Supply Chain
Research centers
LINKS International Center for Social Network Research is a center for the study of social networks within and between organizations.
Gatton College of Business and Economics houses the Center for Business and Economic Research (CBER).
The Von Allmen Center for Entrepreneurship is also housed within Gatton College of Business and Economics.
Gatton Business and Economics Building
Constructed in the 1960s and opening in 1963 as the Commerce Building, it was renovated and expanded with a new wing for classrooms in 1992. The original 1963 wing contains graduate and faculty offices for the accounting and economic departments and includes the MBA center. It also features one large auditorium. The 1992 extension added a new three-floor atrium, a new computer laboratory, and 24 classrooms.
The facility has been well maintained, but, as with most facilities of its age, some of the basic mechanical and electrical components had reached the end of their useful lives by the 2010s. None of the then-current classrooms supported modern technology and the current structure of the facility allowed only limited renovations or expansions of smaller classrooms. Further, the existing building's limited floor-to-floor heights did not allow classrooms to be outfitted with modern learning technology.
UK long had this facility as a top request. Prior plans had suggested a completely new facility with estimated project costs of approximately $100 million. The university recognized that the prior plan could not be achieved given 21st-century public financing realities, and turned to private philanthropy for the project. To that end, the university took a fresh look at the existing facility and reviewed the feasibility and cost of a dramatic renovation and expansion to house modern classrooms, an auditorium, and student assembly spaces. The ultimate concept was then estimated to cost $65 million.
On March 1, 2013, the University of Kentucky's Gatton College of Business and Economics celebrated the milestone of surpassing the halfway point in its fundraising efforts for the expansion and renovation of its facilities. Joined by UK President Eli Capilouto, Gatton College Dean David W. Blackwell announced that nearly $34 million in private funds has been donated or pledged toward the $65 million project.
The project was part of UK's overall capital improvement plan (House Bill 7) approved by the Kentucky General Assembly and signed into law by Gov. Steve Beshear on February 21, 2013. No state tax dollars were used in any of the UK construction projects, which included the Gatton College, a new science building on campus, and improvements to Commonwealth Stadium (since renamed Kroger Field) and UK's football facilities.
Construction of the Gatton expansion and renovation project began in late 2013. The original timetable called for completion of the project by the fall of 2015 or early in 2016, but the facility did not open until August 2016, with an official reopening ceremony that October.
Notable people
Simon Sheather, 8th Gatton College dean
See also
List of University of Kentucky buildings
Cityscape of Lexington, Kentucky
University of Kentucky
References
External links
Gatton College of Business and Economics
#GattonUnited Capital Campaign
Facebook - Gatton College of Business and Economics
Twitter - @UKGattonCollege
Gatton Business and Economics Building at University of Kentucky Campus Guide
Universities and colleges established in 1925
Business
1925 establishments in Kentucky
Robert A. M. Stern buildings | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gatton%20College%20of%20Business%20and%20Economics |
I Sing the Body Electric is the second studio album released by the American jazz fusion band Weather Report in 1972.
Recording
The album includes two new members of the band: percussionist Dom Um Romão and drummer Eric Gravatt. The last three tracks were recorded live in concert in Tokyo, Japan on January 13, 1972. These tracks have been edited for this album and can be heard in their entirety on Weather Report's 1972 import album Live in Tokyo.
Title
The album takes its name from an 1855 poem by Walt Whitman and a 1969 short story by Ray Bradbury.
Critical reception
Reviewing in Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies (1981), Robert Christgau wrote: "Significantly less Milesian than their debut, which is impressive but not necessarily good—the difference is that this is neater, more antiseptic, its bottom less dirty and its top less sexy. I find myself interested but never engaged, and I'm sure one piece is a flop—'Crystal', described by the annotator as 'about' time. Sing the body electric and I'm with you. Sing the body short-circuited and you'd better turn me on."
Track listing
Personnel
Weather Report
Josef Zawinul - electric & acoustic pianos, synthesizers (ARP 2600)
Wayne Shorter - saxophones
Miroslav Vitouš - bass
Eric Gravatt - drums
Dom Um Romão - percussions
Special Guests
On "Unknown Soldier":
Andrew White - english horn
Hubert Laws, Jr. - flute
Wilmer Wise - D & piccolo trumpets
Yolande Bavan - vocals
Joshie Armstrong - vocals
Chapman Roberts - vocals
Roger Powell - ARP programming
On "The Moors":
Ralph Towner - 12-string guitar
Technical
Wayne Tarnowski, Susumu Satoh - engineers
Robert Devere - executive producer
Don Meehan - mixing
Ed Lee - cover design
Fred Swanson, Jack Trompetter - cover artwork
References
External links
Weather Report Annotated Discography: I Sing the Body Electric
1972 albums
Columbia Records albums
Weather Report albums | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%20Sing%20the%20Body%20Electric%20%28album%29 |
Centre d'Esports Sabadell Futbol Club, S.A.D. () is a Spanish football team based in Sabadell, a city in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia. Founded in 1903, it plays in Primera División RFEF – Group 2, holding home games at Estadi de la Nova Creu Alta.
The side has competed in national leagues since 1928, gaining its first promotion to the Segunda División in 1933 and then the La Liga in 1944. Sabadell's longest spell in the top flight was from 1965 to 1972, and their most recent from 1986 to 1988. They have reached one Copa del Rey final, which they lost 3–0 to Sevilla in 1935.
By historical standards, CE Sabadell FC is the third best club in Catalonia, after FC Barcelona and RCD Espanyol.
History
In 1901, Joan Saus and a group of youngsters from the Sabadell Catalan Centre founded Centre d'Esports Sabadell, which became fully legalized on 5 June 1906. The club's first games were held in a grass field at Prat de Sant Oleguer but, on 3 June of that year, a stadium in the Creu Alta District was inaugurated, in a game against "Team X" from Barcelona, later known as RCD Espanyol; in 1912, in the same site, the first game under floodlights was played in the country.
In 1933–34, the club won its first major trophy, the Catalan Football Championship, which allowed the winner to participate in the Copa del Presidente de la República. During the former tournament, it won 15 games and drew once, reaching the latter's final in the following season, losing 0–3 to Sevilla FC at the Chamartín Stadium.
Sabadell first competed in La Liga in the 1943–44 season, finishing ninth. It improved to fifth in 1946–47, ranking in front of Real Madrid and only four points behind champions Valencia CF, just one season after returning from Segunda División.
In 1968–69, Sabadell, guided by manager Pasieguito, finished a best-ever fourth as the top flight already consisted of 16 clubs. Subsequently, it competed in the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup, losing to Club Brugge K.V. of Belgium in the first round (3–5 on aggregate); in 1972, a seven-year ran in the top division came to an end, as the Arlequinats were relegated after finishing dead last.
CE Sabadell became a public limited sports company in 1991, being relegated to Segunda División B two years later, and immediately to Tercera División following severe economic problems. The club spent the following seventeen years in the third level (with the exception of 2006–07 in the fourth).
In the 2010–11 season, Sabadell, managed by Lluís Carreras, won its group in the regular season. In the playoffs, the team drew both games against SD Eibar, but was eventually promoted on the away goals rule following the 1–1 score at the Ipurua Municipal Stadium, returning to the professional divisions after 18 years.
Sabadell struggled in their return to the second level finishing in 19th place, being the first side in the relegation zone. However, they were spared when Villarreal CF dropped down a division in the top flight, which led to the automatic relegation of its reserve team Villarreal CF B. Sabadell finished second level as 16th in 2012–13 season, as 10th in the 2013–14 season. Finally Sabadell finished it as 21st and relegated to third level after 4 years.
Sabadell had a lot of financial problems after the relegation to Segunda B. Japanese owner Keisuke Sakamoto, who had bought the club in 2012, sold it to Aragón-based company Viacron in 2015. Esteve Calzada, a former member of FC Barcelona board and a marketing expert whose company worked for Manchester City, bought the club in 2017. Since then, the club's debt has been restructured. Difficulties in finding a new investor meant that from 2017 to 2019 the club was more concerned with relegation avoidance than real hopes of promotion.
In August 2019, the Club announced an historical agreement with a group of international investors, whereby this Group would achieve majority ownership through periodic capital infusions over the following three years to guarantee institutional stability and financial resources to achieve sustainable success.
On 26 July 2020, the Club secured promotion to the La Liga Smartbank Segunda División by beating Barcelona B 2-1 in the Segunda División B playoff final after five-years in third division.
The team was immediately relegated in the following 2020–21 season by the narrow margin of one point, and joined the newly-created 1a RFEF Division.
In 2021-22 Season, the team did not manage to make it to Playoffs by the margin of a single point.
Season to season
14 seasons in La Liga
44 seasons in Segunda División
3 seasons in Primera Federación
23 seasons in Segunda División B
8 seasons in Tercera División
European record
1R = first round
Players
Current squad
Youth players
Honours
Copa del Rey
Runners-up: 1935
Quarter-finals: 1964–65, 1969–70, 1985–86, 1987–88
Campeonato de España
Winners: 1913
Championat de Catalunya
Winners: 1933–34
Copa Catalunya
Winners: 2015–16
Copa Federación de España
Winners: 1999–2000
Catalan Second Division
Winners: 1912–13, 1913–14, 1929–30
Segunda División
Winners: 1942–43, 1945–46
Segunda División B
Winners: 1983–84, 2010–11
Tercera División
Winners: 1931–32, 1963–64, 1976–77, 1993–94
Historic position in La Liga: 30th
Former players
Most appearances in La Liga
Pepe Martinez: 151
Isidro Sánchez: 142
Ramón Montesinos: 142
Ramón Marañón: 140
Mario Pini: 138
Josep Palau: 115
Joaquín Navarro: 103
Lluís Múñoz: 100
Antonio Vázquez: 92
Alberto Arnal: 86
Manuel Pallas: 85
Ricard Pujol: 81
Most goals in La Liga
Antonio Vázquez: 35
Manuel Pallas: 27
Josep Palau: 26
Antonio Sangrador: 23
Juan del Pino: 24
José Luis Garzón Sr.: 21
Josep Antoni Noya: 15
Josep María Vall: 15
Ramón Marañon: 15
Juli Gonzalvo : 14
Benjamín Telechea: 12
Periko Alonso: 12
Former coaches
Former presidents
Joan Grau (1906–1910)
Felip Davi (1910–1911)
Joan Saus (1911–1923)
Emili Moragas (1923–1929)
Valentí Gorina (1929–1930)
Antoni Tamburini (1930–1933)
Josep Maria Marcet (1933–1934)
Josep Bofarull (1934–1935)
Josep Maria Marcet (1935–1939)
Antoni Tamburini (1939)
Josep Maria Marcet (1939–1942)
Pau Maria Llonch (1945–1946)
Miquel Sala (1946–1949)
Pau Maria Llonch (1949–1951)
Josep Maria Marcet (1951–1952)
Pere Fontanet (1952)
Josep Maria Marcet (1952–1953)
Joan Ricart (1953–1955)
Ricard Rosson (1955–1958)
Antoni Altarriba (1958–1961)
Ramiro Fernández (1961–1963)
Josep Bargalló (1963)
Antoni Llonch (1963–1965)
Ricard Rosson (1965–1973)
Francesc Marlasca (1973–1974)
Joaquim Hors (1974–1975)
Francesc Valldeperas (1975–1983)
Rafael Arroyos (1983–1987)
Alfred Besonias (1987–1991)
Josep Miquel Sanmiquel (1991)
Rafael Arroyos (1991–1993)
Francesc Soldevilla (1993–1994)
Joan Soteras (1994–1996)
Eugeni Sánchez (1996)
Joan Puig (1996)
Miquel Arroyos (1996–2002)
Francisco González Cano (2002–2004)
Josep Manel Piedrafita (2004–2005)
Antonio Larrosa (2005–2006)
Joan Soteras (2006–2013)
Keisuke Sakamoto (2013–2015)
Antoni Reguant (2015–2018)
Esteve Calzada (2018-2023)
Pau Morilla-Giner (2023-)
Stadium
Sabadell plays home games at Estadi de la Nova Creu Alta. Inaugurated on 20 August 1967 with a 1–0 win against FC Barcelona, it has a capacity of 11,908 spectators.
Supporters
The club has multiple supporter groups. Most groups have activities related to the social life of the members. For example, THE WALKING ARLEKIN CLUB has walking excursions during the season, usually before matches. There are also groups like Honor 1903, La Força Arlequinada and Supporters Gol Nord, that focus more on the encouragement of the team, before, during and after the matches. Most of those groups usually concentrate in the northern stand at the Nova Creu Alta.
The club used to have a fan club called Hooligans Vallès. They used to be a far right-wing group which was established in 1993. In 2011, the group was disbanded as an official supporter group. In 2014, two fans were expelled from the Nova Creu Alta, after performing a Nazi salute during a match. However, in 2016, an unofficial Hebrew supporter group was created, under the name CE Sabadell Hebreu - סבאדל בעברית. The group provides news about the club in its Facebook and Twitter pages, for Israeli and other Hebrew-speaking fans.
The fans have good relations with Bristol Rovers, which initially began due to several Rovers fans noticing that the local club had the same colours. They also have a friendship with Gerunda Sud of Girona FC, and rivalries with Desperdicis of UE Sant Andreu, Penya Sport of Palamos CF and Rudes Lleida of Lleida Esportiu.
Anthem
The official anthem of the club is Honor al Sabadell, written by Lluís Papell to the music of Adolf Cabané. However, between 1983 and 1991 the club used Sempre endavant Sabadell as the official anthem, composed by Ramon Montlleó.
References
External links
Futbolme team profile
BDFutbol team profile
Unofficial website
Arlekinats, fansite
CE Sabadell Hebreu (in Hebrew)
Football clubs in Catalonia
Association football clubs established in 1903
1903 establishments in Spain
1903 establishments in Catalonia
Segunda División clubs
La Liga clubs
Primera Federación clubs
Sabadell | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CE%20Sabadell%20FC |
James H. "Jim" Fallon (born October 18, 1947) is an American neuroscientist. He is professor of psychiatry and human behavior and emeritus professor of anatomy and neurobiology in the University of California, Irvine School of Medicine. His research interests include adult stem cells, chemical neuroanatomy and circuitry, higher brain functions, and brain imaging.
Fallon, who states that he has the neurological and genetic correlates of psychopathy, has categorized himself as a "pro-social psychopath". In October 2013 his book, The Psychopath Inside: A Neuroscientist's Personal Journey into the Dark Side of the Brain, was released by Current (acquired by Penguin).
Family
James Fallon was born to an Italian American family. He also has English and Irish ancestry through New York colonial settler Thomas Cornell, who was convicted of murdering his mother and hanged in 1667. Fallon mentions the many murders that have occurred in the Cornell family line he shares with Lizzie Borden and discusses his and his family's genetics in a National Public Radio broadcast.
Academics
Fallon received his biology and chemistry undergraduate training at Saint Michael's College in Vermont and his psychology and psychophysics degree at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in New York. He carried out his Ph.D. training in neuroanatomy and neurophysiology at the University of Illinois College of Medicine, and his postdoctoral training in chemical neuroanatomy at UC San Diego. He is Professor of Anatomy and Neurobiology at UC Irvine, where he has served as Chairman of the University faculty and Chair and President of the School of Medicine faculty.
Fallon is a Sloan Scholar, Senior Fulbright Fellow, National Institutes of Health Career Awardee, and a recipient of a range of honorary degrees and awards. He sits on several corporate boards and national think tanks for science, biotechnology, the arts, and the US military.
Fallon is a Subject Matter Expert in the field of "cognition and war" to the Pentagon.
Fallon has made significant scientific contributions to several neuroscientific subjects, including the discoveries of TGF alpha and epidermal growth factor. He was the first to show large-scale stimulation of adult stem cells in the injured brain using growth factors. He has also made contributions in the fields of schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and the roles of hostility and gender in nicotine and cocaine addiction. He has been cited for his research in the basic biology of dopamine, norepinephrine, opioid peptides in the brain, connections of the cortex, limbic system, and basal ganglia in animals and humans. He has published in human brain imaging using positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion tensor imaging tractography techniques, and the new field of imaging genetics.
Other work
In addition to his neuroscience research, James Fallon has lectured and written on topics ranging from art and the brain, architecture and the brain, law and the brain, consciousness, creativity, the brain of the psychopathic murderer, and the Vietnam War. He wrote Virga Tears: The True Story of a Soldier's Sojourn Back to Vietnam, which was published by Dickens Press in 2001.
Fallon has appeared on numerous documentaries, radio, and TV shows. From 2007 to 2009, he appeared on the History Channel series on science and technology (Star Wars Tech, Spider-Man Tech), CNN, PBS, BBC, and ABC for his work on stem cells, growth factors, psychopathology, tissue engineering, smart prostheses, schizophrenia, and human and animal behavior and disease.
On November 18, 2009, Fallon appeared as himself on the CBS crime drama series Criminal Minds, which explores his theory of trans-generational violence in areas of the world that experience continuous bouts of terrorism, war, and violence.
Both Fallon and his family have undergone functional brain imaging and genetic analyses for potential violence-related brain and genetic patterns.
Fallon was featured in the BBC production Are You Good or Evil?, where he revealed his discovery that he, himself, has the neurological and genetic correlates of psychopathy. Fallon stated that even though he has displayed callous behaviour in his life, particularly when he was younger, he believes that his positive experiences in childhood negated any potential genetic vulnerabilities to violence and emotional issues.
Fallon is politically a libertarian, and religiously an agnostic.
References
External links
James H. Fallon faculty page at UCI.edu
Dr. James Fallon Makes Being a Psychopath Look Like Fun, interview by Roc Morin in Vice, October 5, 2014
1947 births
Living people
American neuroscientists
American agnostics
American libertarians
American people of English descent
American people of Italian descent
American people of the Vietnam War
Cornell family
Psychopathy writers
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute alumni
Saint Michael's College alumni | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20H.%20Fallon |
The Burckhardt family alternatively also (de) Bourcard (in French) is a family of the Basel patriciate, descended from Christoph (Stoffel) Burckhardt (1490–1578), a merchant in cloth and silk originally from Münstertal, Black Forest, who received Basel citizenship in 1523, and became a member of the Grand Council of Basel-Stadt in 1553.
The family was represented in the Grand Council continuously from 1553 until the 20th century. In the 17th century and early 18th century, the family was the most powerful family of the canton of Basel. Branches of the family were based in Nantes and in the Kingdom of Naples from the 18th century, where it was ennobled as de Bourcard. The family's famous members include the traveller and orientalist Johann Ludwig Burckhardt, the influential art historian Jacob Burckhardt and the international President of the Red Cross, Carl Jacob Burckhardt.The surname is derived from the dithematic Germanic given name Burkhard, from burg "protection" and hard "brave, hardy".
Coat of Arms
The Burckhardt coat-of-arms has a shield of yellow background with a black S intertwined with a cross (the “S” is perhaps for Seidenkrämer - silk-merchant), which is surmounted by a crowned helmet with a fluttering black and yellow flag. The original crest was simpler and consisted only of a shield with the S intertwined with the cross. It was modified between 1558 and 1578.
Original Lineage
Christoph Burckhardt married Ottilie Mechler in 1518 and in 1539 Gertrud Brand, daughter of Basel mayor Theodor Brand. There are six lines of the Burckhardt family, from the six sons born of Christoph's second marriage:
Bernhard: line extinct in the 17th century
Hieronymus:
Theodor:
Johann Rudolf
Samuel:
Daniel
Of the six sons, five became merchants in cloth and silk, while Hieronymus entered the Teutonic Order.
In the 17th and 18th century, the Burckhardts intermarried with the other leading families of the Basel patriciate (Iselin, Merian, Sarasin, Staehelin, Vischer, Von der Mühll, Wettstein). Bernhard was elected to the great chamber of the city council in 1603, where the family remained present until 1878. The family reaches the peak of its political influence in the 18th century, but continues to be influential in the 19th century with several Burckhardt mayors and professors at the University of Basel. Prior to 1798, seven members of the family were burgomasters of Basel, and also in the 19th century, four Burckhardt family members were burgomasters.
The family also appears under the name Byrkit, Byrkett and Burket (its pronunciation in the Basel dialect) in the US. A member of this lineage, Jacob F. Burket, was a member on the Supreme Court of Ohio from 1893 to 1904.
Gallery
Notable family members
Jacob Burckhardt, 1818–1897, Swiss historian of art and culture, author of "The Culture of the Renaissance"
Johann Ludwig Burckhardt (a.k.a. Sheik Ibrahim), 1784–1817, Swiss traveler and orientalist who re-discovered the ancient city of Petra
Carl Jacob Burckhardt, diplomat and President of the Red Cross
Gottlieb Burckhardt, 1836–1907, Swiss psychiatrist and founder of modern psychosurgery
Titus Burckhardt, 1908–1984, Swiss author member of the Traditionalist School
Rudy Burckhardt, 1914–1999, Swiss-American filmmaker and photographer
Tom Burckhardt (born 1964), American artist
References
External links
The Burckhardt Family Book 1490-1890 Released shortly after the 400th anniversary of Christoph Burckhardt's birth in 1890, The Burckhardt Family Book includes 34 plates of portraits of family members from Christoph and Gertrud Burckhardt to a photograph of the 1890 family reunion that took place in Basel on 14 September that year.
Swiss noble families
History of Basel
Patriciate of Basel
Burckhardt family
Surnames from given names
pl:Burckhardt | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burckhardt |
Leopoldo Marechal (June 11, 1900 – June 26, 1970) was one of the most important Argentine writers of the twentieth century.
Biographical notes
Born in Buenos Aires into a family of French and Spanish descent, Marechal became a primary school teacher and a high school professor after obtaining his degree despite enormous economic difficulties. During the 1920s he was among the poets who rallied around the movement represented by the literary journal Martín Fierro. While his first published works of poetry, Los aguiluchos (1922) and Días como flechas (1926), tended towards vanguardism, his Odas para el hombre y la mujer showed a blend of novelty and a more classical style. It is with this collection of poems that Marechal obtained his first official recognition as a poet in 1929, the Premio Municipal de Poesía of the city of Buenos Aires.
He traveled to Europe for the first time in 1926 and in Paris met important intellectuals and artists such as Picasso, Basaldúa and Antonio Berni. On his second visit to Paris in 1929, he settled in Montparnasse and widened his circle of friends, which now included artists Aquiles Badi, Alfredo Bigatti, Horacio Butler, Juan del Prete, Raquel Forner, Victor Pissarro and the sculptor José Fioravanti, who later sculpted the poet's bust in bronze. It is during this second Parisian experience that Marechal wrote the first two chapters of his novel Adam Buenosayres, which he did not publish until 1948. Some of its protagonists are based on his friends of the Martin Fierro group, including artist Xul Solar (as the astrologer Schultze), poet Jacobo Fijman (as the philosopher Samuel Tesler), Jorge Luis Borges (as Luis Pereda) and Raúl Scalabrini Ortiz (as "el petiso" Bernini).
Back in Buenos Aires, Marechal married María Zoraida Barreiro in 1934. Their two daughters, María de los Ángeles and María Magdalena, were born some years after. Marechal again obtained the First Prize of the prestigious Premio Municipal de Poesía in 1940 for his poetry book entitled Sonetos a Sophia. The poet's wife died in 1947, leaving him with two small children.
The publication of the writer's Adam Buenosayres, considered by many as the fundamental novel of Argentine literature, did not have the expected repercussion, possibly due to the poet's open sympathies for the government of Juan Domingo Perón, the controversial populist leader greatly influenced by his radical wife Evita. Among the novel's most ardent admirers was Julio Cortázar, who wrote a long critical study in the literary magazine Realidad in 1949. Despite his and other writers' support, Marechal's novel and the rest of his monumental work remained widely ignored by many colleagues of the literary world, including Jorge Luis Borges, whose mother and sister had been imprisoned during Peron´s presidency.
Although the seminal influence of his first and subsequent novels has tended to classify him mainly as a novelist, Marechal is first and foremost a poet of primary importance. In fact, even his first novel, which is mainly autobiographical, is in his own words an extension of poetry: "When I wrote Adán Buenosayres I never intended it to be other than poetry. Ever since my early youth, and taking Aristotle's Poetics as my starting point, I have always believed that all literary genres are and should be types of poetry, whether epic, dramatic or lyrical."
Marechal was not a widely recognized figure in Argentine literature until the 1965 reprint of Adam Buenosayres, which ignited a resurgence of interest in his work. His seminal novel has been translated into French by Patrice Toulat (Paris Grasset, Unesco 1995), into Italian by Nicola Jacchia (Vallecchi, Firenze 2010), and into English by Norman Cheadle and Sheila Ethier (McGill-Queen's University Press 2014).
The poet was officially invited to Cuba in 1967, where he formed part of the international jury for the annual Casa de las Américas prize for literature. Marechal has since become a fundamental influence in Argentine poetry and fiction, although he continues to be a relatively unknown figure on the international scene. Among his more well known literary disciples and friends are Argentine poets Rafael Squirru and Fernando Demaría, to whom he dedicated his Heptamerón'''s Poética and Alegropeya, respectively. Marechal's daughters have established a foundation (see External links) for the diffusion of their father's work.
Work
PoetryLos Aguiluchos (1922)Días Como Flechas (1926)Odas para el hombre y la mujer (1929)Laberinto de amor (1936)Cinco poemas australes (1937)El centauro (1940)Sonetos a Sophía (1940)Canto de San Martín o Cantata Sanmartiniana (1950)Heptamerón (1966)El poema de Robot (1966)Poema de la Física (posthumous publication)
NovelsAdam Buenosayres (Adán Buenosayres) (1948)El banquete de Severo Arcángelo (1965)Megafón, o, La guerra (1970)
EssaysHistoria de la calle Corrientes, (1937)Vida de Santa Rosa de Lima, (1943)Cuaderno de navegación, (1966)
Translated novelsAdán Buenosayres (Paris Grasset, Unesco 1995, French translation by Patrice Toulat)Adán Buenosayres (Vallecchi, Firenze 2010, editor Claudio Ongaro Haelterman, Italian translation by Nicola Jacchia)Adán Buenosayres (English translation by Norman Cheadle, published by McGill-Queen's University Press, 2014)
Works about Leopoldo Marechal
Rafael Squirru, Leopoldo Marechal, Buenos Aires, Ediciones Culturales Argentinas, 1961.
Coulson, Graciela, Marechal, la pasión metafísica, Ediciones García Cambeiro, Buenos Aires, 1973, 190 p.
de Navascués, Javier, Adán Buenosayres: una novela total. Estudio narratológico, Pamplona, EUNSA (Universidad de Navarra), 1992, 296 p.
Kröpfl Ulrike, Leopoldo Marechal oder die Rückkehr der Geschichte, Vervuert Verlag. Frankfurt am Main, 1995, 409 p.
Kröpfl, Ulrike, Cahiers d´Histoire des Littératures Romanes Romanistische Zeitschrift für Literaturgeschichte, Universitätsverlag C. Winter Heidelberg, 21. Jahrgang, 1997, Sonderdruck, pp. 393–415.
Cheadle, Norman, The Ironic Apocalypse in the Novels of Leopoldo Marechal, Colección Támesis. Serie A, Monografías 183. Londres: Támesis Books, 2000.
Podeur, Jean-François, Don Juan, de Leopoldo Marechal: du Mythe à l´allégorie du salut, Theatres du Monde, Université d´Avignon, Institut de Recherches Internationales sur les Arts du Spectacle, Faculté des Lettres et des Sciences Humaines, Cahier Nº 3, 1993.
Lojo de Beuter, María Rosa, La mujer simbólica en la narrativa de Leopoldo Marechal, Ensayos de crítica literaria. Año 1983. Buenos Aires: Editorial de Belgrano, 1983.
Cavallari, Héctor Mario, "Leopoldo Marechal: El espacio de los signos", Xalapa, México: Universidad Veracruzana, 1981.
References
Sources
Gordon, Ambrose. "Marechal, Leopoldo." In Encyclopedia of World Literature in the 20th Century'' Revised Edition, ed. Leonard S. Klein (New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing Co., 1983)
External links
La Fundación Leopoldo Marechal
Argentine male poets
Argentine male novelists
Argentine people of French descent
1900 births
1970 deaths
Argentine essayists
Male essayists
Argentine dramatists and playwrights
Writers from Buenos Aires
20th-century Argentine poets
20th-century Argentine male writers
20th-century Argentine novelists
20th-century dramatists and playwrights
Male dramatists and playwrights
20th-century essayists | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopoldo%20Marechal |
Salim Chishti (1478–1572) () was a Sufi saint of the Chishti Order during the Mughal Empire in India.
Biography
Sheikh Salim Chishti was a descendant of Sheikh Farid, a Punjabi Sunni Muslim preacher and mystic.
The Mughal Emperor Akbar came to Chishti's home in Sikri to ask him to pray for a male heir to the throne. Chishti blessed Akbar, and soon the first of three sons was born to him. He named his first son 'Salim' (later emperor Jahangir) in honor of Chishti. A daughter of Sheikh Salim Chishti was the foster mother of Emperor Jahangir. The emperor was deeply attached to his foster mother, as reflected in the Jahangirnama and he was extremely close to her son Qutb-ud-din Khan Koka who was made the governor of Bengal and Orissa.
His eldest son, Saaduddin Khan, was ennobled Saaduddin Siddique and was granted three jagirs in the Gazipur District of Amenabad, Talebabad and Chandrapratap. Currently, his great grandson Kursheed Aleem Chishti lives there and is the 16th generation of Salim Chishti. These descendants in Bangladesh include Chowdhury Kazemuddin Ahmed Siddiky, the co-founder of the Assam Bengal Muslim League and the University of Dhaka; Justice Badruddin Ahmed Siddiky; Chowdhury Tanbir Ahmed Siddiky, the Commerce Minister of Bangladesh;and Chowdhury Irad Ahmed Siddiky, an anti-corruption activist and candidate for the Mayor of Dhaka in 2015. The descendant of his second-eldest son, Shaikh Ibrahim, was granted the title Kishwar Khan and now reside in Sheikhupur, Badaun in India.
Salim Chishti Tomb
See also
Islam Khan I (grandson)
Islam Khan V
Mukarram Khan, great-grandson
Sheikhupur, Badaun
Qutubuddin Koka
References
External links
Indian Sufi saints
Chishti Order
People from Agra
Fatehpur Sikri
1478 births
1572 deaths
Akbar
Chishtis | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salim%20Chishti |
Manchester Regional High School is a comprehensive, four-year public high school and regional school district serving students in ninth through twelfth grades from Haledon, North Haledon and Prospect Park, three communities in Passaic County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey.
The district participates in the Interdistrict Public School Choice Program, having been approved in July 2003 to participate in the program. Seats in the program for non-resident students are specified by the district and are allocated by lottery, with tuition paid for participating students by the New Jersey Department of Education.
As of the 2021–22 school year, the school had an enrollment of 748 students and 65.5 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 11.4:1. There were 306 students (40.9% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 48 (6.4% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.
The school's mean SAT scores for 2012-13 school year were 444 in the mathematics section, 429 in verbal and 419 on the essay for a composite score of 1292 vs. statewide averages of 521 math, 495 verbal and 496 essay, with a composite score of 1512; Among students taking the SAT, 14.2% met the 1550 composite score benchmark indicative of college success and completion, while 8.5% of peer schools and 43.9% of students statewide met this standard.
The district is classified by the New Jersey Department of Education as being in District Factor Group "B", the second-lowest of eight groups. District Factor Groups organize districts statewide to allow comparison by common socioeconomic characteristics of the local districts. From lowest socioeconomic status to highest, the categories are A, B, CD, DE, FG, GH, I and J.
History
Prior to the establishment of the regional district, students from Haledon had attended Paterson Central High School, while those from North Haledon and Prospect Park were sent to Hawthorne High School. Constructed at a cost of $2.75 million (equivalent to $ million in ), the school opened in September 1960 with an initial enrollment of 700 students.
In a 2013 change by the commissioner of the New Jersey Department of Education, the district's funding formula was changed so that costs would be allocated with half based on enrollment and half based on valuation. The formula benefited North Haledon most, with Prospect Park's share of funding for the Manchester having more than doubled in a decade as of the 2014-15 school year and property taxes for the regional district rising nearly $700 on the average home in the previous two years. Haledon and Prospect Park have argued that property valuation should be the basis for assessing district taxes, while North Haledon, with the largest property valuation, had argued that funding should be based exclusively on enrollment.
Awards, recognition and rankings
The school was awarded a Bronze Medal in U.S. News & World Reports 2009-2010 "Best American High Schools" issue, distinguishing it from the pack by being one of only two Passaic County, NJ, high schools mentioned. Only 1,750 high schools out of 21,786 public high schools were recognized.
The school was the 269th-ranked public high school in New Jersey out of 339 schools statewide in New Jersey Monthly magazine's September 2014 cover story on the state's "Top Public High Schools", using a new ranking methodology. The school had been ranked 272nd in the state of 328 schools in 2012, after being ranked 260th in 2010 out of 322 schools listed. The magazine ranked the school 227th in 2008 out of 316 schools. The school was ranked 218th in the magazine's September 2006 issue, which surveyed 316 schools across the state. Schooldigger.com ranked the school as tied for 156th out of 376 public high schools statewide in its 2010 rankings (an increase of 117 positions from the 2009 rank) which were based on the combined percentage of students classified as proficient or above proficient on the language arts literacy and mathematics components of the High School Proficiency Assessment (HSPA).
Athletics
The Manchester Regional Falcons participate in the North Jersey Interscholastic Conference, which is comprised of small-enrollment schools in Bergen, Hudson, Morris and Passaic counties, and was created following a reorganization of sports leagues in Northern New Jersey by the New Jersey State Interscholastic Athletic Association (NJSIAA). With 651 students in grades 10-12, the school was classified by the NJSIAA for the 2019–20 school year as Group II for most athletic competition purposes, which included schools with an enrollment of 486 to 758 students in that grade range. Prior to realignment that took effect in the fall of 2010, Manchester was a member of the smaller Bergen-Passaic Scholastic League (BPSL). The school was classified by the NJSIAA as Group II North for football for 2022–2024, which included schools with 478 to 672 students.
Popular culture
MRHS was featured as the school in the independent film 12 and Holding.
Administration
Core members of the district's administration are:
Gary Lubisco, superintendent
Lameka Augustin, business administrator and board secretary
John Coviello, principal
Colleen Brogan, assistant principal for curriculum and student services
Joseph Ercolani, assistant principal
Rande Roca, athletic director
Board of education
The district's board of education, comprised of nine members, sets policy and oversees the fiscal and educational operation of the district through its administration. As a Type II school district, the board's trustees are elected directly by voters to serve three-year terms of office on a staggered basis, with three seats up for election each year held (since 2013) as part of the November general election. The board appoints a superintendent to oversee the district's day-to-day operations and a business administrator to supervise the business functions of the district. Seats on the board of education are allocated based on the population of the constituent districts, with four seats assigned to Haledon, three to North Haledon and two to Prospect Park; prior to the 2023 board reorganization, North Haledon had four seats and Haledon had three, with the two municipalities switching a seat due to changes in the 2020 census that showed Haledon's population surpassing that of North Haledon.
Notable alumni
Angela Atwood (1949–1974), founding member of the Symbionese Liberation Army.
Bruce Baumgartner (born 1960), four-time Olympic medal winner in wrestling, two gold, one silver and one bronze.
Bruce Huther (born 1954), former linebacker in the NFL for the Dallas Cowboys, Cleveland Browns and Chicago Bears.
Alex Morales (born 1997), college basketball player for the Wagner Seahawks.
References
External links
Manchester Regional High School
Data for Manchester Regional High School District, National Center for Education Statistics
1960 establishments in New Jersey
Educational institutions established in 1960
New Jersey District Factor Group B
Public high schools in Passaic County, New Jersey
School districts in Passaic County, New Jersey
Haledon, New Jersey
North Haledon, New Jersey
Prospect Park, New Jersey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manchester%20Regional%20High%20School |
Luis Florencio Chamizo Trigueros (Guareña (Badajoz), 7 November 1894 –Madrid, 24 December 1945) was a Spanish writer in Castilian and "Castúo", a dialect in Extremadura. He was born within a humble family and he started writing poems secretly.
He went later to Madrid and Seville, where he graduated from a high school and a commercial school. After finishing studies in law, he returned to his native village.
In 1921 he moved to Guadalcanal (Seville), where he met his future wife and the mother of his five daughters, Virtudes Cordo Nogales.
In 1924 he was elected, accidentally, mayor of Guadalcanal and was chosen as a member of the Real Academia de Buenas Letras.
Bibliography
El Miajón de los Castúos (1921)
Las Brujas (1932)
Extremadura (1932)
Obra Poética Completa (1967)
1894 births
1945 deaths
People from Las Vegas Altas
Spanish male writers
Writers from Extremadura | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luis%20Chamizo |
Professor Mark C. Berger (July 24, 1955 – April 30, 2003), was the director of The Center for Business and Economic Research at the University of Kentucky until his death at age 47. He was also a Fulbright Scholar at University College Dublin. Originally hailing from Sylvania, Ohio, Berger earned his BA from the University of Toledo and his MA and PhD from Ohio State University.
Career
University of Kentucky 1981 to 2003
Director of the Center for Business and Economic Research
William B. Sturgill Professor of Economics
Associate Professor
University College Dublin 2002 to 2003
Fulbright Scholar
University of Chicago 1987 to 1988
Visiting Professor
University of Vienna in Austria 1996
Visiting Professor
Death
Berger died of a seizure, after returning to Kentucky from Ireland to receive treatment for recently diagnosed cancer. During the chemotherapy Berger was given a different seizure medication which did not prevent the fatal seizure.
Articles mentioning Berger
Kentucky Economics (Page 2)
Known works of Mark Berger
Do Workers Pay for On-the-Job Training? Barron, John M., Mark C. Berger, and Dan A. Black. 1999. Journal of Human Resources 34(2):235-252.
Compensating Differentials in Emerging Labor and Housing Markets: Estimates of Quality of Life in Russian Cities by Mark C. Berger, Glenn C. Blomquist, Klara Sabirianova Peter (October 2003)
Worker Training in a Restructuring Economy: Evidence from the Russian Transition by Mark C. Berger, John S. Earle, Klara Sabirianova Peter (September 2001)
Berger, Mark C.; Hirsch, Barry T., "The Effects of Cohort Size on the Earnings Growth of Young Males." Mimeograph. Department of Economics, University of Kentucky, n.d..
Berger, Mark C.; Black, Dan A.; Scott, Frank A.; Chandra, Amitabh, "Health insurance coverage of the unemployed: COBRA and the potential effects of Kassebaum-Kennedy." Journal of Policy Analysis and Management. Sum 1999, 18, (3), 430 - 448.
Berger, Mark C.; Black, Dan A.; Scott, Frank A., "How well do we measure employer-provided health insurance coverage." Contemporary Economic Policy. July 1998, 16, (3), 356 - 367.
Barron, John M.; Berger, Mark C.; Black, Dan A., "How Well Do We Measure Training?." Journal of Labor Economics. 1997, 15, (3, part 1), 507 - 528.
Scott, Frank A.; Berger, Mark C.; Garen, John E., "Do health insurance and pension costs reduce the job opportunities of older workers?." Industrial and Labor Relations Review. July 1995, 48, (4), 775.
Berger, Mark C., "Demographic Cycles, Cohort Size, and Earnings." Demography. May 1989, 26, (2), 311.
Berger, Mark C.; Leigh, J. Paul, "Schooling, self-selection, and health." Journal of Human Resources. Sum 1989, 24, (3), 433 - 455.
Scott, Frank A.; Berger, Mark C.; Black, Dan A., "Effects of the Tax Treatment of Fringe Benefits on Labor Market Segmentation." Industrial and Labor Relations Review. January 1989, 42, (2), 216 - 229.
Berger, Mark C., "Predicted Future Earnings and Choice of College Major." Industrial and Labor Relations Review. April 1988, 41, (3), 418 - 429.
Berger, Mark C.; Blomquist, Glenn C.; Waldner, Werner, "A Revealed-Preference Ranking of Quality of Life for Metropolitan Areas." Social Science Quarterly. December 1987, 68, (4), 761 - 778.
Berger, Mark C.; Hirsch, Barry T., "Veteran Status as a Screening Device During the Vietnam Era." Social Science Quarterly. March 1985, 66, (1), 79 - 89.
Berger, Mark C., "Cohort Size and the Earnings Growth of Young Workers." Industrial and Labor Relations Review. July 1984, 37, (4), 582 - 591.
Berger, Mark C., "Changes in labor force composition and male earnings: A production approach." Journal of Human Resources. Spr 1983, 18, (2), 177 - 196.
Berger, Mark C.; Hirsch, Barry T., "The civilian earnings experience of Vietnam-Era veterans." Journal of Human Resources. Aut 1983, 18, (4), 455 - 479.
Mark Berger, Dan Black, and Frank Scott, "Is There Job Lock?" Southern Economic Journal 70, April 2004, 953–976.
Eric Thompson, Frank Scott, and Mark Berger, "Deregulation in the Electric Utility Industry: Excess Capacity and the Transition to a Long Run Competitive Market," Growth and Change 35, Winter 2004, 1-21.
Mark Berger, Dan Black, Amitabh Chandra, and Frank Scott, "Children, Nondiscriminatory Provision of Fringe Benefits, and Household Labor Market Decisions," Research in Labor Economics vol. 22 (Worker Well-being and Public Policy, S. W. Polachek, ed.) 2003, 309–349.
Mark Berger, Dan Black, Jodi Messer, and Frank Scott, "COBRA, Spouse Coverage, and Health Insurance Decisions of Older Households," Journal of Forensic Economics 15, Spring/Summer 2002, 147–164.
Dan Black, Mark Berger, and Frank Scott, "Bounding Parameter Estimates with Non-Classical Measurement Error," Journal of the American Statistical Association 95, September 2000, 739–748.
Mark C. Berger, Dan A. Black, Frank A. Scott, and Amitabh Chandra, "Health Insurance Coverage of the Unemployed: COBRA and the Potential Effects of Kassebaum-Kennedy," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 18, Summer 1999, 430–448.
Mark C. Berger, Dan A. Black, and Frank A. Scott, "How Well Do We Measure Employer-Provided Health Insurance?" Contemporary Economic Policy 16, July 1998, 356–367.
John Garen, Mark Berger, and Frank Scott, "Pensions, Non-Discrimination Policies, and the Employment of Older Workers," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance 36, Winter 1996, 417–429.
Frank A. Scott, Mark C. Berger, and John E. Garen, "Do Health Insurance Costs and Non-Discrimination Policies Reduce the Job Opportunities of Older Workers?" Industrial and Labor Relations Review 48, July 1995, 775–791.
External links
IZA
Education in Lexington, Kentucky
Ohio State University alumni
People from Sylvania, Ohio
1955 births
2003 deaths | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark%20Berger%20%28economist%29 |
Maryland Route 331 (MD 331) is a state highway on the Eastern Shore of Maryland in the United States. Signed north-south, the route runs from Vienna in Dorchester County northwest to Easton in Talbot County, intersecting U.S. Route 50 (US 50) at both ends. MD 331 is a two-lane undivided road most of its length that passes mostly through agricultural areas. The road also passes through the communities of Hurlock and Preston along the way. It encounters several routes during its journey, including MD 14 near Rhodesdale and MD 16 in the Preston area, both of which the route forms concurrencies with. In addition, the route also intersects with MD 392 and MD 307 in Hurlock and with MD 318 near Preston.
Most of present-day MD 331 was designated as part of US 213 in 1926 when the U.S. Highway System was established. By 1940, US 213 was moved to a new alignment that crossed the Choptank River at Cambridge on a bridge built in 1935 and MD 331 was designated to run from Vienna to Easton. Both ends of MD 331 have been shortened since, with the southernmost portion of MD 331 curtailed following the completion of the US 50 bypass of Vienna by the 1990s and the northern terminus of the route cut back to US 50 in 2004 when the state-maintained portion of Dover Road to Dover Street in Easton was turned over to the city.
Route description
MD 331 is a part of the National Highway System as a principal arterial within the town of Easton.
Dorchester County
MD 331 begins at an interchange with US 50 (Ocean Gateway) in Vienna, Dorchester County, a short distance west of the Nanticoke River. MD 331 signage continues south of US 50 on county-maintained Rhodesdale Vienna Road to an intersection with Old Ocean Gateway in Vienna. From this interchange, the route heads north on Rhodesdale Vienna Road, a two-lane undivided road. It passes through wooded areas, with a set of power lines and an abandoned railroad right-of-way owned by Delmarva Power and Light Company located along the east side of the road. MD 331 continues into farmland, with some rural residences alongside the road, before it approaches Reids Grove, where MD 819 (Reids Grove Road) loops to the west of MD 331. Past Reids Grove, the route continues through a mix of woodland and farmland, still paralleling the power lines and the abandoned railroad.
MD 331 reaches Rhodesdale, where it intersects MD 14 (Rhodesdale Eldorado Road). At this intersection, the route makes a left turn to run concurrent with MD 14 along East New Market Rhodesdale Road, heading west through Rhodesdale. The road leaves Rhodesdale and heads into farmland. MD 331 splits from MD 14 in Shiloh Church by turning north on Shiloh Church Hurlock Road at an intersection. Along Shiloh Church Hurlock Road, MD 331 passes a few residences before heading through more farm fields.
MD 331 enters Hurlock and heads into residential areas, with the name changing to Main Street at the Jackson Street intersection. It passes more residences before intersecting MD 392 (Delaware Avenue). Past MD 392, the road passes more homes before it heads into the downtown area of Hurlock, where it crosses the Maryland and Delaware Railroad's Seaford Line at-grade and MD 307 (Broad Street). Past this intersection, MD 331 heads northwest on Academy Street past numerous homes before the road leaves Hurlock. Upon leaving Hurlock, the road becomes Waddells Corner Road and it heads into farmland. The road turns to the west and continues through agricultural areas with intermittent residences. It comes to an intersection with MD 16 (East New Market Ellwood Road), where MD 331 makes a right turn to head north along with MD 16. MD 16/MD 331 head north through a mix of woods and farms with some residences. The road continues through rural areas with an increasing number of residences as it approaches the Preston area. The road intersects the western terminus of MD 318 (Preston Road) near businesses. Past this intersection, MD 16/MD 331 continue northwest on Preston Road.
Caroline and Talbot counties
The road crosses the Hunting Creek into Caroline County. In Linchester, MD 817 loops off to the west of MD 16/MD 331 on Linchester Road. Past MD 817, the road enters Preston, where it becomes Main Street, passing by residences and some businesses. The route intersects MD 324 (Maple Avenue) before reaching the center of town, where MD 16 splits from MD 331 by heading northeast on Harmony Road. Past this intersection, the route passes more residences before leaving Preston, where it becomes Dover Bridge Road. It heads north into rural areas of woods and farms with some residences along the road. The road turns to the northwest and intersects Tanyard Road. MD 331 turns west and continues to the residential community of Bethlehem, where it intersects MD 578 (Bethlehem Road). Past Bethlehem, the road continues past many rural residences.
MD 331 enters wetlands as it approaches the Choptank River, which it crosses into Talbot County on the Dover Bridge, a high-level bridge. Upon entering Talbot County, the route becomes Dover Road and continues to the northwest through a mix of woodland and farmland. It turns to the west with the number of residences increasing as it approaches Easton. Upon reaching Easton, MD 331 heads into commercial and industrial areas. The route ends at the intersection with US 50 (Ocean Gateway), where Dover Road continues west as a local road toward downtown Easton.
History
MD 331 from Rhodesdale to Easton was one of the original state roads marked for improvement in 1909. In 1910, the only paved sections of the highway were the approaches to Dover Bridge in both Talbot County and Caroline County. The state road was paved from Hurlock to Shiloh Church in 1912, from Easton to Waddell's Corner in 1913 and 1914, from Waddell's Corner to Hurlock in 1915, and within Hurlock in 1916. When the U.S. Highway System was organized in 1926, the state road became part of US 213.
The first section of the Vienna–Rhodesdale highway was of pavement south from Rhodesdale that was completed by 1923. The remainder of the highway was under construction by 1924, with another section of the road completed north from Vienna by 1927. The gap between Vienna and Rhodesdale was filled in 1928. When the Nanticoke River Bridge at Vienna was completed in 1931, US 213 was rerouted between Mardela Springs and Rhodesdale to pass through Vienna. A new Dover Bridge, replacing a bridge built in the 19th century, was completed in 1932. In 1939, the original MD 331 and US 213 swapped routes; US 213 also assumed MD 344 between Vienna and MD 16 at Mount Holly.
MD 331 has seen little change since 1939. MD 331 and MD 16 were realigned around Ellwood and Linchester around 1960. MD 331's southern terminus was truncated at its newly constructed interchange with US 50 in Vienna in 1991 shortly after US 50 bypassed Vienna. MD 331's northern terminus has been rolled back twice in Easton. The state highway was rolled back from Washington Street to Park Street in 1983. MD 331 was truncated at US 50 in 2004. On October 14, 2014, groundbreaking for a new Dover Bridge took place, with Lieutenant Governor Anthony Brown and other state and local politicians in attendance. The new bridge, which was built to the south of the former swing bridge, was constructed as a fixed-span steel girder bridge. Construction on the new Dover Bridge cost $64 million. The new bridge opened to traffic on June 12, 2018. A ribbon-cutting ceremony for the new Dover Bridge was held on June 13, 2018, with Governor Larry Hogan and other state and local officials in attendance.
Junction list
Auxiliary routes
MD 331A is the designation for the section of Linchester Road from MD 16/MD 331 to MD 817A near Preston in Caroline County.
MD 331B is the designation for the section of Seaman Road from MD 16/MD 331 near its intersection with MD 318 in Dorchester County to Langrell Road (MD 817B) on the Dorchester/Caroline County line near Preston.
MD 331D is the designation for the section of Payne Road from MD 16/MD 331 to the terminus of County Route 201 southeast of Preston.
See also
References
External links
MD 331 at MDRoads.com
Maryland Roads - MD 331
331
Maryland Route 331
Maryland Route 331
Maryland Route 331 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland%20Route%20331 |
Colonie Center is a shopping mall located in Roessleville, New York, a suburb of Albany, at the intersection of Central Avenue, Wolf Road, and Interstate 87. Opening in 1966, it was the first enclosed shopping mall in New York's Capital Region. The two-story mall has an area of and 110 stores as well as a food court. In April 2013, the shopping center was sold to KKR in partnership with Colonie Pacific.
The mall features the traditional retailers Macy's, Boscov's, L.L. Bean, Barnes & Noble, Whole Foods Market, in addition to a 13-screen, stadium-seating, Regal Cinemas & RPX. Previously, the mall housed a Christmas Tree Shops, which closed in 2023.
By 2019, the original Sears auto center had been reconstructed for both BJ's Restaurants and Ethan Allen. In August 2017, Sears announced it would shutter as part of an ongoing decision to eliminate its traditional brick-and-mortar format. A number of potential replacement tenants have reportedly been in the midst of early on discussions with property owner and developmental arm Seritage Growth Properties.
On June 29, 2023, it was announced Christmas Tree Shops would be shuttering after finding itself unable to satisfy their long-term established debt due to ongoing supply chain shortages.
On July 5, 2023 it was announced that Sierra and Floor & Decor would both be dividing and reconstructing the space which originally had been Sears.
References
External links
Colonie Center Homepage
Albany-Colonie Chamber of Commerce History of Area Malls
Shopping malls in Albany County, New York
Colonie, New York
Shopping malls established in 1966
Pacific Retail Capital Partners | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colonie%20Center |
Fort Frances Today is a weekly community newspaper, published by Brown Cow Promotions, and distributed to 30 locations around Fort Frances, Ontario. The publication is free to readers.
Weekly newspapers published in Ontario
Fort Frances
Publications with year of establishment missing | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort%20Frances%20Today |
Héctor Almonte (born October 17, 1975) is a former relief pitcher in Major League Baseball. From through , Almonte played for the Florida Marlins (1999), Boston Red Sox (2003) and Montreal Expos (2003). He bats and throws right-handed.
Baseball career
Almonte played for two seasons with the Yomiuri Giants in Japan from –. In , he pitched in the Atlanta Braves organization and finished the season with Saraperos de Saltillo (Saltillo Sarape Makers) in the Triple-A Mexican League with a 2–0 record and a 1.54 ERA in ten games pitched. From –, Almonte played for the Atlantic League's Somerset Patriots in Bridgewater, New Jersey and also had a brief stint with the Chicago Cubs Triple-A affiliate. In , he played for the Atlantic League's Southern Maryland Blue Crabs. He signed to play with the Edmonton Capitals of the Golden Baseball League in 2009 and appeared in two games with them.
Personal life
His brother, Erick Almonte, is a former player for the New York Yankees and manager of the Peoria Chiefs.
References
External links
, or Retrosheet
1975 births
Acereros de Monclova players
Águilas Cibaeñas players
Águilas del Zulia players
Boston Red Sox players
Bravos de Margarita players
Brevard County Manatees players
Calgary Cannons players
Dominican Republic expatriate baseball players in Canada
Dominican Republic expatriate baseball players in Japan
Dominican Republic expatriate baseball players in the United States
Edmonton Capitals players
Florida Marlins players
Iowa Cubs players
Kane County Cougars players
Living people
Major League Baseball pitchers
Major League Baseball players from the Dominican Republic
Montreal Expos players
Nashville Sounds players
Pastora de los Llanos players
Pawtucket Red Sox players
Baseball players from Santo Domingo
Portland Sea Dogs players
Richmond Braves players
Somerset Patriots players
Southern Maryland Blue Crabs players
Yomiuri Giants players
Dominican Republic expatriate baseball players in Venezuela
Dominican Republic expatriate baseball players in Mexico
Dominican Republic expatriate baseball players in Puerto Rico
Colorado Springs Sky Sox players
Dominican Republic expatriate baseball players in Taiwan
Dominican Summer League Marlins players
Gulf Coast Marlins players
Gigantes de Carolina players
Saraperos de Saltillo players
Dmedia T-REX players | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9ctor%20Almonte |
Xena: Warrior Princess: The Talisman of Fate is a 1999 fighting video game developed by Saffire and published by Titus Interactive for the Nintendo 64. It is based on the television series, Xena: Warrior Princess, which aired from 1995 to 2001.
Gameplay
The player chooses from the cast of characters and then, in a random order, fights the other characters (including the player's character). Xena will usually appear as the sub-boss. The final boss is Despair, a character original to the game, who is Dahak's champion. After defeating Despair, the player's character's individual ending will take place, with varying dialogue depending on the difficulty selected. The game also has a roster mode, where the player selects a team of up to five characters and enters a free-for-all against other teams. Also, players can arrange teams and fight against other teams. Each character has their own special moves (such as Xena's chakram and Callisto's fire blast), and is able to perform weapon combos, after which Xena may shout either "wow" or "excellent", or the crowd may boo.
Reception
The game received mixed reviews according to the review aggregation website GameRankings.
Matt Casamassina of IGN wrote that the game's graphics were "highly detailed and varied." Casamassina also wrote that the game's 3D polygonal characters "look right on par with their television counterparts. Meanwhile, the game's 3D arenas, also modeled after recognizable locations from the show, look splendid with crisp textures, animated background effects and lots of variation." Casamassina also praised the game's camera system and "super smooth framerate", but criticized the fact that none of the actors from the television series lent their voices to the game.
Casamassina was also disappointed that the characters only had "roughly a handful of special moves" each, and noted that "some of the character animation is a bit awkward looking. Xena and friends move almost too fast at times and some moves come off as robotic and stiff." Casamassina concluded that the game "is a surprisingly good fighter that brings the license to Nintendo 64 in top form. Featuring a remarkable 3D engine, pretty graphics and an outstanding four-player mode to boot, the game has a lot to offer and does its best to disprove the theory that all licensed videogames are doomed to be poor. But at the same time, the game fails to deliver a long, challenging quest with only 11 playable characters and arenas to choose from and a simplistic (though fun) fighting engine that's just not very deep."
Doug Trueman of GameSpot wrote, "Almost everything in this game is done poorly, except the music - but twice while playing this title (the final, retail version, mind you) the sound effects and musical score cut out completely at the end of a match for no reason. Restarting the game is the only way to resurrect the audio." Trueman criticized the game's "atrocious" collision detection and "awful" animation, but noted its "well-drawn" backgrounds.
GamePros The Freshman wrote in one review, "The fairly-simple models don't move as well as they look," and noted "the various moves and attacks suffer from a bit of jerkiness." The author also wrote, "Good music and various battle-sounds pepper the battlefield, but they're clobbered by annoying shrieks, grunts and oomphs." They noted the game's "fairly good four-player beat-em-up", but described each character's special moves as "awkward and slow to use". In another review, Miss Spell concluded, "Overall, the experience is frustrating. Even given the slim lineup of N64 fighting games, Talisman isn't your best fate."
Scott Alan Marriott of AllGame wrote, "The most compelling aspects of the game are its graphics, tight control and ability to support up to four players at once, with the latter feature almost worth the price of admission alone." Marriott praised the music and some of the voiceover work, but said the sound effects "seem muffled." Marriott also praised the game's detailed environments, and wrote, "All the characters are recognizable as their television counterparts, which is a far cry from the blurry, grainy graphics of other fighting titles on the system. While there is some blockiness and rough edges here and there, the polygonal models are quite good and make you believe you are fighting with the stars of the series".
Marriott was disappointed that "more freedom wasn't given to the player to pick up objects, climb more than just walls or negotiate other elements that could have spiced up the action. Another area of improvement would involve increasing the number of moves offered to each character. Aside from the basic slashes and kicks, there isn't much depth involved in the fighting system". Marriott wrote "there aren't enough features or options to keep you occupied after going through the Quest mode a few times," although he praised the multiplayer mode, saying the game "almost becomes an entirely new experience with three of your friends playing along."
Jeff Lundrigan of NextGen wrote that The Talisman of Fate was "Not a bad fighting game, hampered by sloppy mechanics, which uses its license either well or badly depending on your level of fandom."
Notes
References
External links
1999 video games
Action Pack (Universal Television) video games
Fighting games
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Nintendo 64 games
Nintendo 64-only games
Saffire games
Video games based on Greek mythology
Video games developed in the United States
Video games featuring female protagonists
Xena: Warrior Princess | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xena%3A%20Warrior%20Princess%3A%20The%20Talisman%20of%20Fate |
Terrassa Futbol Club is a Spanish football team based in Terrassa, Barcelona, in the autonomous community of Catalonia. Founded in 1906, it currently plays in , holding home matches at Estadi Olímpic de Terrassa, with a capacity of 11,500 spectators.
History
Terrassa's foundations were set in 1914, with the first regulations being created by the board of directors, presided by Narcís Freixa Ubach. Three years later the club played one of its first international matches, against FC Basel of Switzerland, also winning three trophies: Copa Ramón Torras, Copa del Día Gráfico and Copa Sport, playing (and winning) twice against FC Barcelona, 1–0 and 2–1.
Terrassa won its first Copa Catalunya in 1925, and first reached Segunda División seventeen years later, although it would be immediately relegated for the following 11 seasons.
In the 1960–61 campaign, with the team again in the second level – being again relegated – a Copa del Rey tie against Barça was played at the Camp Nou, with the hosts winning it 4–2 in front of over 80,000 spectators. The new ground, Estadi Olímpic de Terrassa, was also inaugurated with a 2–4 loss with Sevilla FC, as the club's new exile in Tercera División would be even longer the second time (14 years, although it is worth noting Segunda División B had not yet been created as the new division three).
On 29 May 1972, new club president Josep Masdefiol i Peralta was elected: other than aiding the club financially, he would eventually create the Trofeo Internacional de Fútbol Ciudad de Terrassa, with Real Zaragoza, Ferencvárosi TC and FC Bayern Munich being the first participants. Still, the club's anthem was created, by Vicenç Villatoro.
Terrassa played the 1977 relegation play-offs against AD Almería, winning after its opponent had fielded an ineligible player. In the 1980s, the club eventually dropped two levels, and had reached the regional leagues by 1990; as in several times in the past, the city hall intervened and enabled the club to stay afloat.
In 2001–02's third division, Terrassa finished in fifth position, but was allowed to participate in the promotion playoffs after Zaragoza's first team relegated from the top flight, rendering its reserves' possible promotion impossible. The promotion was attained after six matches and as many wins.
The club would play the next three years in division two, performing solidly in the first two: in 2002–03 Spanish Cup Terrassa fought valiantly against Real Madrid, before bowing out 5–7 on aggregate, thanks to longtime midfielder Monty who scored three goals in the tie. A fourth Catalonia Cup was added with a win at CF Gavà, before the team eventually returned to the third level at the end of 2004–05 season, as third from bottom.
Former Spanish international Juanele played one of his last professional campaigns with the club.
Season to season
15 seasons in Segunda División
18 seasons in Segunda División B
3 seasons in Segunda Federación/Segunda División RFEF
44 seasons in Tercera División
5 seasons in Categorías Regionales
Honours
Tercera División
Champions (4): 1953–54, 1961–62, 1969–70, 1974–75
Copa Catalunya
Winners (4): 1925, 1936, 2002, 2003
Famous players
Note: this list includes players that have appeared in at least 100 league games and/or have reached international status.
Marc Bernaus
Iselín Santos Ovejero
Rolando Zárate
Pedro Núñez
Haruna Babangida
Francisco Carrasco
Cristian
Juanele
Monty
José Miguel Morales
Thomas Christiansen
Pier
Marco Vanzini
References
External links
Official website
Futbolme team profile
Unofficial website
Football clubs in Catalonia
Association football clubs established in 1906
Sport in Terrassa
1906 establishments in Spain
Segunda División clubs | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrassa%20FC |
Raffaello Maffei (17 February 1451 – 25 January 1522) was an Italian humanist, historian and theologian; and member of the Servite Order. He was a native of Volterra, Italy, and therefore is called Raphael Volaterranus or Raphael of Volterra; also Maffeus Volaterranus, or Raffaello Volterrano. Raffaello Maffei wrote the Commentaria Urbana, which was an encyclopedia divided into three parts.
During his lifetime, Raffaello Maffei was in contact with many humanist philosophers including Pico della Mirandola, Angelo Poliziano, and Michele Marullo. He had an amicable relationship with the Florentine Lorenzo de Medici, despite Antonio Maffei's involvement in the Pazzi conspiracy. Raffaello and his brother Mario were close to the first Medici pope, Pope Leo X. When Raffaello left the Papal Curia, he remained aware of Roman events due to his correspondence with family members working in Rome. He was known in the Italian Peninsula and widely in Europe for his humanist writings.
Life
From earliest youth he devoted himself to the study of letters, and in 1466 was called to Rome, with his brothers, by their father Gherardo Maffei, whom Pius II had appointed professor of law at the University of Rome, and had taken later for his secretary, a position he held also under Paul II and Sixtus IV. At Rome Raffaello held himself aloof from the court, devoting his time to the practice of piety and to the study of philosophy of theology and of the Greek language, the latter under George of Trebizond.
In 1479-8, he went to Hungary with Cardinal Giovanni of Aragon, on the latter's mission to King Matthias Corvinus. The trip lasted about a year and provided him with information that he later used in his encyclopedia. Upon his return, Raffaello was persuaded by Gaspare da Firenze not to become a Minor Observant, as Raffaello intended to do; whereupon he married, and established his residence at Volterra.
The remainder of his life was spent in study, in the practice of piety and of penance, and in the exercise of works of charity; in his own house, he established an accademia, in which he gave lectures on philosophy and on theology, while he founded the Clarisse monastery of Volterra. He died in the odor of sanctity; and, contrary to his desire, his brother erected to his memory a splendid monument in the church of San Lino, which Raffaello had endowed.
Raffaello's monument was contracted to Silvio Cosini. In letters from Raffaello's son-in-law, there are several complaints that Cosini left Volterra to work on another commission prior to completing the tomb. Camillo Incontri promoted Stagio Stagi as the artist to take over the project, but Cosini returned to Volterra to finish the commission. Art historian, Rolf Bagemihl argues that Giovanni Angelo Montorsoli worked on Raffaello's tomb as well, based on a distinct shift in style and documents from the time period. Cosini is also tied to a bust of Raffaello that is dated to the same years as the tomb project.
Works
Among the works of Maffei are Commentariorum rerum urbanarum libri XXXVIII (Rome, 1506; Paris, 1516), an encyclopedia of all subjects known at that time. It consists of three parts; in the first, "Geography", he writes a history of the whole known world arranged by location; the second part, "Anthropology", is devoted, more especially, to the contemporaneous history of that time; the third part is devoted to "Philology" which encapsulates all of science and natural history as it was known.
After the Latin treatise Anthropologium de hominis dignitate, published in 1501 by Magnus Hundt, Maffei authored the first work of the Modern era adopting the word Anthropologia in the title.
Eight times up to 1603. The 1603 edition contains 814 folio pages. The first book consists of the table of contents and a classed index; books 2-12, geography; 13-23, lives of illustrious men, the popes occupying book 22, and the emperors book 23; 24-27, animals and plants; 28, metals, gems, stones, houses and other inanimate things; 34, de scientiis cyclicis (grammar and rhetoric); 35, de scientiis mathematicis, arithmetic, geometry, optica, catoptrica, astronomy and astrology; 36-38, Aristotelica (on the works of Aristotle).
Maffei's biographies of Sixtus IV, Innocent VIII, Alexander VI, and Pius III, which appear as an appendix to Platina's Vitae Pontificum, and which were also published separately (Venice, 1518), are taken from the Commentarii; in them Maffei blames unsparingly the disordered life of the Roman court.
At Volterra, he wrote a compendium of philosophy and of theology, De institutione christiana and De prima philosophia (Rome, 1518) in which he rather follows Scotus. He translated, from the Greek into Latin, the "Odyssey" of Homer, the "Oeconomics" of Xenophon, the "Gothic War" of Procopius, "Sermones et tractatus S. Basilii", some sermons of St. John of Damascus and of St. Andrew of Crete; he also wrote the "Vita B. Jacobi de Certaldo". While the Spanish humanist Juan Luis Lives mentioned Maffei as an examplar paedogist, Erasmus of Rotterdam criticized his translations of St Basil's works.
He was in epistolary communication with popes, cardinals, and other learned men. The manuscript of the work which he called "Peristromata" remained incomplete; it went to the Biblioteca Barberiniana.
Maffei wrote the Breuis sub Iulio Leoneque Historia also known as Breuis Historia. It was a set of writings that focused on curial reforms, religious order reforms, papal conduct, and reevaluating translations of religious texts. The Breuis Historia exemplified the positive qualities of the papacy and offered suggestions on reforms within the Church. It was completed near the beginning of the Reformation.
In response to Martin Luther's writings, Raffaello Maffei wrote the Nasi Romani in Martinum Lutherum Apologeticus or Apologeticus. He argued against Luther. Maffei used Greek and Roman philosophy connected to theological examples within the Catholic Church to prove his points. He lacked complete access to Luther's writings, so his responses do not accurately reflect Luther's ideologies. Maffei died before Apologeticus was completed and published.
Family
Raffaello Maffei was the third born son of his parents Gherardo di Giovanni Maffei and Lucia di Giovanni Seghieri. Gherardo secured a position in the Papal Curia for three of his sons. The eldest brother, Giovanni Battissta (1444-1464), died young from the plague.
Raffaello's second eldest brother Antonio (1450-1478) joined his father and two younger brothers in the Papal Curia. In 1471, he married Caterina di Antonio Cortesi and had three children: Domitilla, Giovan Battista, and Camillo. Antonio was involved in the Pazzi Conspiracy; as a result, he was tortured, castrated, and hanged in 1478. Raffaello was in Florence at the time, but was not involved in the Pazzi Conspiracy and remained unharmed.
His younger brother Mario (1463-1537) remained in the Papal Curia for most of his life. Prior to Raffaello's 1479 travels, he arranged for their uncle Giovanni Seghieri to look after Mario. In 1516, Mario was promoted to Bishop, first, of Aquino and then of Cavaillon. Following Raffaello's death, Mario petitioned for his brother's canonization, but without success. Mario died on 23 June 1537.
Sometime prior to 1490, Raffaello married Volterran noblewoman Tita di Bartolomeo Minucci. The couple had two children, Gerardo and Lucilla. Only Lucilla survived to adulthood. Raffaello ensured that his daughter received an education; she married Paolo Riccobaldi of Volterra in November 1508. Around 1525, Raffaello's son-in-law was adopted into the family to continue the Maffei family name.
Raffaello only had one surviving grandson, Guilio Maffei.
References
1451 births
1522 deaths
People from the Province of Pisa
16th-century Italian Roman Catholic theologians
Italian male writers
Italian Renaissance humanists
Greek–Latin translators
15th-century Italian Roman Catholic theologians
16th-century Italian translators | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raffaello%20Maffei |
Aryan is a 2006 Indian Hindi-language sports drama film written and directed by Abhishek Kapoor and produced by Poonam Khubani, Manisha Israni and Vipin Anand. The film stars Sohail Khan and Sneha Ullal with Puneet Issar, Satish Shah, Supriya Karnik and Inder Kumar in supporting roles.
Plot
Aryan is the college boxing champion. He is training under Ranveer Singh Bagga with another student Ranjeet, in order to achieve his dream: winning the national championship. His girlfriend Neha supports him unconditionally, and he relies heavily upon her. However, after his life turns unexpectedly into another direction, he gives up boxing and marries instead. He becomes a father and takes up a job as sports' commentator. Despite this, his life suffers severe ups and downs in the process. Aryan also learns that Ranjeet got kicked out of the college boxing team by coach Ranveer for taking steroids in the locker room, and the former suspects Aryan had informed him, leaving Aryan confused and frustrated. Aryan's frustration further leads him to suspect Neha of having an affair with her boss and director Sameer. Because of his temper, Neha and Ranveer separate from him shortly after that. In order to win his self-esteem back, Aryan accepts the proposal for making a comeback in boxing. Ranjeet challenges Aryan in the national boxing championship in order to exact his revenge from the latter. Aryan undergoes rigorous training and faces Ranjeet in the finals. A fight ensues in the ring where Ranjeet almost defeats Aryan after severely injuring him. But at the last minute, Neha, who forgives Aryan, goes to the stadium to support him. After witnessing Neha, Aryan subsequently defeats Ranjeet and becomes the national boxing champion, and reconciles with his family.
Cast
Sohail Khan as Aryan Verma
Sneha Ullal as Neha Verma
Inder Kumar as Ranjeet Singh
Puneet Issar as Ranveer Singh Bagga (Aryan's coach)
Farida Jalal as Mrs. Braganza (Aryan's neighbour)
Satish Shah as Kiran (Neha's father)
Supriya Karnik as Devika (Neha's mother)
Kapil Dev as himself
Ahsaas Channa as Ranveer Verma (Aryan's son)
Fardeen Khan as Sameer (cameo)
Suved Lohia as Jaideep Malhotra (Aryan's friend)
Soundtrack
The music for Sultan is composed by Anand Raaj Anand.
According to the Indian trade website Box Office India, with around 11,00,000 units sold, this film's soundtrack album was the year's thirteenth highest-selling.
Ek Look Ek Look (Dhol Mix) - Anand Raj Anand, Poonam Khubani
Ek Look Ek Look Pyar - Anand Raj Anand, Poonam Khubani
Chhuna Hai Aasman Ko - Bianca Gomes, Ranjit Barot
Ek Look Ek Look Pyar Wali Sajna (Remix) - Anand Raj Anand, Poonam Khubani
Sajan Ghar Aana Tha (Janeman) - Shreya Ghoshal, Sonu Nigam
Its Beautiful Day - Hamza Faruqui, Shreya Ghoshal
Lamha Lamha - Anand Raj Anand
Rab Ne Mere - Kunal Ganjawala, Shreya Ghoshal
Teri Te Me - Pamela Jain, Anand Raj Anand
Critical response
Taran Adarsh of Bollywood Hungama gave the film 1.5 stars out of 5, writing "On the whole, ARYAN is a well-made film that combines style and substance beautifully. Unfortunately, the box-office will sing a different tune altogether! Reasons: [i] Not-too-attractive face-value, [ii] Delayed release and [iii] Oppositions in Kabul Express this week and Bhagam Bhag next week. To sum up, despite strong merits, ARYAN will be knocked down in the box-office ring!" Priyanka Jain of Rediff.com gave a negative review, stating "Seriously, I too don't understand why anyone would make a film like this."
References
External links
2000s Hindi-language films
2006 films
Indian boxing films
Films scored by Anand Raj Anand
Indian action drama films
Indian sports drama films
2006 directorial debut films
Films directed by Abhishek Kapoor
2000s action drama films
2000s sports drama films | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aryan%20%282006%20film%29 |
Dom Casual is an American typeface designed in 1951 by Peter Dombrezian. It is an informal design that emulates brush script.
Dom Casual has been used often in television credits, such as on Bewitched, Barney Miller, Sesame Street (from 1992 to 2002) and Only Fools And Horses, as well as 1960-64 Warner Bros. cartoons, and is currently used in various labels on The Price Is Right. Other TV shows which have used it include Bill Nye the Science Guy, Sesame Street episodes from 1992 to 2006, the first season of Inspector Gadget, the Bob Saget era of America's Funniest Home Videos and Full House.
In business and commerce, The Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company ("A&P") used it in their instore broadsheet signage and in newspaper advertising into the mid-1970s and Menards has also used it inside its stores. New Mexico-based restaurant Mac's Steak in the Rough has used the font on its outdoor signage and dining menus. The Oklahoma-based restaurant chain Hideaway Pizza also prominently uses the font in its logo, as well as its signage and menus, alongside comic sans.
It has also been used in a variety of games, such as Marble Blast Gold and the package of Microsoft Bob.
References
Casual script typefaces
Typefaces and fonts introduced in 1951 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom%20Casual |
Chris Andrews (born 12 October 1984) is a British independent professional wrestler, from Crediton, Devon currently active in the United Kingdom. Andrews started his in-ring career in 2005, training at the Varsity Pro Wrestling School of Excellence. Andrews sometimes tag teamed with his brother Sam Andrews as the "Andrews Brothers."
As of January 2018, Andrews is a seven-time heavyweight champion, including winning the PWP Heavyweight Championship on two occasions, and a two time DWA tag team champion as part of the "Andrews Brothers".
Career
Varsity Pro Wrestling (2005–08)
Starting out in the Varsity Pro Wrestling (VPW) school, run by the UK Kid, Andrews later wrestled Kid for Revolution British Wrestling, and Premier Promotions in losing efforts. However, Andrews made an appearance at the VPW debut show on 16 September 2005 in Horndean, Hampshire, Andrews took on and defeated "Bulldozer", picking up his first professional victory. After that match a jealous Kris Kay attacked Andrews who had to be helped to the backstage area by ring staff.
Later on in the same night Andrews got a measure of revenge by costing Kay a match to Andy Simmonz, afterwards an irate Kris Kay challenge Andrews to a match at the next show, Andrews accepted. On 28 October 2005 Andrews took on Kay, where Andrews lost after a chair shot. Andrews and Kay fought again a month later on 25 November 2005 and this time it was Andrews who managed to pick up the win over rival Kris Kay in a feud ending bout. Andrews wrestled in Crediton on 26 January 2006 where he lost a singles match to trainer The UK Kid only to later pick up a victory over The UK Kid and Spiro, where he teamed for the first time with his brother. Andrews faced Billy Gunn on 17 February 2006 in James' first UK independent match, only to be defeated due to an inadvertent distraction from Phil Powers.
Andrews moved into 2007 and gained victories over Joel Redman, as well as started working for All Star Wrestling. Andrews won his first professional title, winning a battle royale to win the vacant VPW Championship in Bridgwater, Somerset. He, however, lost the title later that night back to the UK Kid. Andrews moved into 2008, with wins over Andy Symmondz, Matt Bourne, and Sam Andrews, before losing twice to his brother.
Wrestling.IE (2009–2010)
Moving into 2009, Andrews started to work for the Wrestling.IE brand, (also known as Sports Entertainment Wrestling), in Northern Ireland. He took part in the company's King of the ring tournament, reaching the semi-finals, which was won by fellow Devonian, Joel Redman. The two formed a team of five, known as the 'Risktakers' and were undefeated in five 10-man tag team matches for the company.
Devon Wrestling (2010–12)
In 2010, Andrews began to wrestle for Joel Redman's startup company the Devon Wrestling Alliance, from his home county of Devon. Andrews won his first two matches in the company and won the DWA Tag Team championships with his brother, with a win over Danny and Mark Walsh. They later lost the titles in May, following a loss to Gilligan Gordon and Marcus Baine. He was a part of Joel Redman's last UK date before joining the WWE, defeating Redman, and Riley in a tag match with partner Sam Andrews for Pro Wrestling Pride.
Multiple Championship Reigns (2012–13)
Later, in 2012, The Andrew's brothers once again won the tag team titles and defended them in a ladder match against Danny and Mark Walsh. Andrews also defeated Nick Riley in a mountevans rules match, 2–1 to win the DWA Trophy, on 15 September 2012. In November, Andrews made a surprise return to Varsity Pro Wrestling, defeating champion The UK Kid, in his return match. Andrews ended the year as a triple heavyweight champion, winning the Pro Evolution championship in November.
At the beginning of 2013, Andrews went undefeated until June. Andrews defended the EVW Championship against Dave Mastiff and Joey Sniper, before becoming the first PWP Heavyweight Champion, defeating Mike Hitchman, PJ Jones and the UK Dominator.
Andrews then defeated Kid Kash, at the Plymouth Wrestling Alliance's 4th Anniversary show on 5 May 2013. Andrews also picked up the DCW:SW Championship, a company that he started based in Crediton, and thus making him a five-time consecutive heavyweight champion (6-times total) in the South West of England. Andrew's first loss of the year came at the hands of Val Kabious in Kamikaze wrestling, and he later lost his Pro Evolution Wrestling championship to Justin Sysum, in June 2013.
Andrews also lost his Pro Wrestling Pride heavyweight championship, being defeated by Mike Mason. Andrews was later defeated in his year long reign of the Varsity Pro Wrestling championship on 1 November by Leon Shah.
Swiss Wrestling Entertainment (2014)
Andrews moved into 2014 having lost all of his heavyweight championships and continued to challenge in new promotions. Andrews debuted in 2014 for NWA: New Breed Wrestling, as well as WrestleForce, Plex Wrestling and Combat Sports Federation. He also made his first trip to wrestle outside of the United Kingdom, wrestling for Swiss Wrestling Entertainment (SWE). Andrews defeated John Klinger in October, 2014, before challenging El Ligero for the SWE Championship in December, in a losing effort.
Pro Wrestling Pride (2014–17)
Andrews made his return to Pro Wrestling Pride in October 2014, and in his return, defeated Tyler Hawke and won a battle royale to become the number one contender for the PWP Heavyweight Championship, held by the UK Dominator. The UK Dominator set Andrews up with gauntlet matches for him to compete in before their match in Exeter. Having lost one by count out, The UK Dominator chose a lumberjack match for their title match. Andrews defeated Dominator in this match and won a second Pride Heavyweight Championship on 18 January 2015 in the Corn Exchange, Exeter.
Andrews defended the championship in Teignmouth, besting Wale's Mason Ryan, before losing the championship to Prizefighter's champion 'Big Grizzly' Steve Griffiths. Andrews also lost the rematch, which also included Bram. At PWP Heroes and Legends, Andrews defeated Chris Masters, after an F5. Andrews later won a battle royale to become number one contender again, in Truro in August 2015, where he defeated champion Steve Griffiths, but did not win the championship thanks to the champions advantage, having won by disqualification. Andrews once again challenged for the championship, in Exeter in December 2015, losing a fatal-four way also including Rhyno and the UK Dominator.
Andrews began 2016 without loss, even winning two handicap two on three matches. Andrews again challenged Steve Griffiths for the championship in March, seeing his first loss of the year. In June, Andrews once again won a number one contendership battle royale at PWP Heroes & Legends 3 and challenged champion Eddie Ryan for the championship in Plymouth Guildhall. Before the event, Andrews picked up his first win against old nemesis, Steve Griffiths in Penzance, before losing the championship match to Ryan.
Later, in November 2016, Andrews took part in a six-man elimination match for the PWP Heavyweight Championship, including John Harding, James Baker, Doug Williams, Bram, and champion Eddie Ryan. During the match, Andrews legitimately had his head cut open with a saucepan, but continued the match. After Ryan was eliminated, Andrews wrestled Bram. Following two Piledriver on a chair, Andrews lost the match as the runner-up. During this time, Andrews began to tag with masked wrestler Ultimo Tiger on events.
Andrews made his return to SWE, where he wrestled Lucha Underground wrestler Matt Cross for the number one contendership, but came up short. In July 2017, Andrews appeared at Pro Wrestling Pride's last three shows, winning a tag match with Carlito before defeating Adam Maxxted, and Kenny Kilbane.
Big League Wrestling (2017–18)
Andrews competed in Big League Wrestling (BLW)'s first event in 2017 BLW Inception, where he defeated "Big Grizzly" Steve Griffiths. Andrews later lost to Psycho Phillips at BLW Gold Rush. Andrews once again wrestled Eddie Ryan this time for BLW in November 2017, defeating Ryan in a hardcore match.
Andrews also made his Pro Wrestling Chaos debut in 2017, where in November, he lost to Nathan Bane.
Championships and accomplishments
Big League Wrestling
BLW Tag Team Championship (1 time) with Adam Maxted
Devon Wrestling Alliance
DWA Trophy Championship (1 time)
DWA Tag Team Championship (2 times) - With Sam Andrews
Dynamic Championship Wrestling: South West
DCW: SW Championship (1 time)
Pro Evolution Wrestling
Pro EVW Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
Pro Wrestling Pride
PWP Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
Varsity Pro Wrestling
VPW Championship (2 times)
References
External links
Cagematch Profile
ASW profile
VPW profile
English male professional wrestlers
People from Crediton
Living people
1984 births | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris%20Andrews%20%28wrestler%29 |
A beach tag (also beach badge or beach token) is an admission pass that must be purchased to access a beach. It is commonly associated with the Jersey Shore in the U.S. state of New Jersey, where many communities restrict summer beach access to residents and visitors who pay a fee for a daily, weekly, or seasonal pass. Beaches with a beach-tag program use the proceeds to offset the maintenance and staffing costs associated with running a beach, such as funding lifeguards, restrooms, and trash removal.
History
Beach tags for New Jersey beaches can be traced back to 1937 when some towns in the northern portion of the Jersey Shore such as Seaside Heights had brass beach badges marked by gender. Surf City on Long Beach Island started requiring beach tags in 1967. Stone Harbor became the first municipality in the southern portion of the Jersey Shore to require beach tags in 1971, and Sea Isle City followed suit in 1972. In Ocean City, beach tags were implemented in 1976, although discussions for beach fees in the city date back to the 1930s. Long Beach Township on Long Beach Island approved beach tags on November 5, 1976. In 2021, the Cape May County municipalities of Wildwood, North Wildwood, Wildwood Crest, and Upper Township - four of the five municipalities in New Jersey which do not have beach tags - were considering implementing them.
Pricing
Daily, weekly, and seasonal tags can usually be purchased at participating beaches, and each municipality sets its own rates and policies. Beaches typically do not charge for children under the age of 12 and may offer discounts to seniors. In certain municipalities, discounts are given for seasonal passes purchased before a specific date (e.g., May 15 in Seaside Heights, New Jersey).
The beach tag offered by one municipality may not grant access to beaches in other municipalities. For example, Long Beach Island, which is about twenty miles long, comprises six municipalities, each with its own beach tags, and beach-goers cannot purchase a tag in one Long Beach Island municipality and use it in another.
Criticism
The goals of beach tags, or tokens, are to either restrict the beach to only community members, or to generate user fees for lifeguards and maintenance (e.g., trash removal). On the Jersey Shore, beach tags are controversial because the public trust doctrine generally gives the public the right to access the intertidal zone, and guests may feel that a beach with beach tags should offer a superior service to free beaches. Additionally, detractors debate whether beach tags are actually to restrict beach use to people who are paying visitors of hotels, beach house rentals, and local residents.
Proponents of beach tags suggest that they improve the cleanliness and safety of the beaches, making the tag fees akin to user fees that prevent freeloading. In addition, proponents note that the beaches which require beach tags are those located in smaller municipalities, which because of beach tags are permitted to offer a similar product to the larger municipalities.
New Jersey municipalities that do not require beach tags
The following municipalities did not require beach tags as of the 2015 beach season:
Atlantic City
North Wildwood
Strathmere (Upper Township)
Wildwood
Wildwood Crest
Other places
In Evanston, Illinois, "beach tokens" may be required for entrance to the beach for people and even pets. The beach tokens are often made of metal or other durable material, to enable them to withstand swimming. The bearer may either carry them, or wear them around their neck or on their swimsuit.
The Village of Island Park and the city of Long Beach in Nassau County, New York issue beach tags for the use of their beaches.
References
External links
Government of New Jersey
Identification
Jersey Shore
Tourism in New Jersey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beach%20tag |
Edward Rainey (8July 1961 – 7 May 2014) was a Scottish tetraplegic painter; he used a brush held in his mouth to create his works.
Rainey was born in Glasgow, Scotland. At sixteen he left school and after a short time as a trainee butcher he joined the British Army. During a summer holiday in Spain in 1984 when Edward was 23 he had a diving accident and was left paralysed from the neck down.
After this accident he took stock of his life, rediscovered his faith in God and decided to try his first love, painting, using a brush held in his mouth.
Rainey met and presented the Princess Royal with one of his paintings and met Princess Diana who attended one of his exhibitions. Rainey's ambition was to graduate from the Glasgow School of Art and become a full member of the Association of Mouth and Foot Painting Artists of the World.
His influences included Vincent van Gogh and Salvador Dalí. He painted for Princess Anne and Paul McCartney.
References
Scottish male painters
20th-century Scottish painters
21st-century Scottish painters
21st-century Scottish male artists
Mouth and foot painting artists
1961 births
2014 deaths
20th-century Scottish male artists
Scottish people with disabilities
British artists with disabilities | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward%20Rainey |
How to Survive a Robot Uprising: Tips on Defending Yourself Against the Coming Rebellion is a semi-satirical book by Daniel Wilson published in November 2005.
The book gives tongue-in-cheek advice on how one can survive in the event that robots become too intelligent and rebel against the human race. How to Survive a Robot Uprising is partially based on scientific fact, and is a prime example of deadpan humor.
Wired magazine gave it a 2006 Rave Award, calling it "equal parts sci-fi send-up and technical primer". Maclean's called the book "very funny and highly informative."
In 2007, the American Library Association designated the book a 2007 ALA “Popular Paperback for Young Adults”.
Wilson received a Ph.D. in Robotics from Carnegie Mellon University's Robotics Institute in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
In the summer of 2005, Paramount Pictures optioned film rights to the book and hired Thomas Lennon and Robert Ben Garant (both members of The State comedy troupe and co-creators of the Reno 911! television series) to write a script based on the book. On April 26, 2006 comedian Mike Myers signed with Paramount to star in the movie adaptation.
See also
Butlerian Jihad
Carbon chauvinism
Battlestar Galactica
The Matrix
The Terminator
I, Robot (film)
The Zombie Survival Guide
Cybernetic revolt
9 (2009 animated film)
Robopocalypse
Notes
External links
Official Site
HUAR
2005 non-fiction books
Science fiction books
Comedy books
Books about survival skills | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/How%20to%20Survive%20a%20Robot%20Uprising |
Dee Lyngstad Brown (born October 22, 1948) is an American politician from Montana. Brown, a Republican, represented District 3 (District 83, prior to 2005) in Flathead County in the Montana House of Representatives. Brown served as a member of the House Federal Relations, Energy, and Telecommunications committee, and as vice chair of the Legislative Administration and State Administration committees.
In 2006, Brown ran unsuccessfully for District 3 as an independent, losing to Democrat Douglas Cordier.
See also
Montana House of Representatives, District 3
References
Members of the Montana House of Representatives
Living people
1948 births
Women state legislators in Montana
Montana Republicans
Montana Independents
21st-century American politicians
21st-century American women politicians | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dee%20Brown%20%28politician%29 |
The New York Film Critics Online (NYFCO) is an organization co-founded by Harvey S. Karten and Prairie Miller in 2000, composed of Internet film critics based in New York City. The group meets once a year, in December, for voting on its annual NYFCO Awards. Prairie Miller, Avi Offer and Karen Benardello are the members of NYFCO's Governing Committee.
2001
Various Awards
Best Actor: Tom Wilkinson – In the Bedroom
Best Actress: Judi Dench – Iris
Best Cinematography: The Man Who Wasn't There – Roger Deakins
Best Debut Director: Todd Field – In the Bedroom
Best Director: David Lynch – Mulholland Drive
Best Documentary: The Gleaners and I
Best Film: Mulholland Drive
Best Foreign Language Film: 花樣年華 (In the Mood for Love) • Hong Kong
Best Screenplay (Adapted): In the Bedroom – Todd Field and Robert Festinger
Best Screenplay (Original): Mulholland Drive – David Lynch
Best Supporting Actor: Steve Buscemi – Ghost World
Best Supporting Actress: Maggie Smith – Gosford Park
Breakthrough Performer: Naomi Watts – Mulholland Drive
2002
Various Awards
Best Actor: Daniel Day-Lewis – Gangs of New York
Best Actress: Julianne Moore – Far from Heaven
Best Animated Film: Spirited Away
Best Cinematography: Far from Heaven – Edward Lachman
Best Director: Todd Haynes – Far from Heaven and Martin Scorsese – Gangs of New York (tie)
Best Documentary: Bowling for Columbine
Best Film: Chicago
Best Foreign Language Film: Y Tu Mamá También (And Your Mother Too) • Mexiko
Best Screenplay: Far from Heaven – Todd Haynes
Best Supporting Actor: Willem Dafoe – Spider-Man
Best Supporting Actress: Edie Falco – Sunshine State
2003
Top 10 Films
1. Lost in Translation
2. American Splendor
3. In America
4. 21 Grams
5. A Mighty Wind
5. Cold Mountain
5. Girl with a Pearl Earring
5. Lawless Heart
5. Les invasions barbares (The Barbarian Invasions)
10. The Station Agent
Various Awards
Best Actor: Bill Murray – Lost in Translation
Best Actress: Charlize Theron – Monster
Best Animated Film: Finding Nemo
Best Cinematography: Girl with a Pearl Earring – Eduardo Serra Best Director: Sofia Coppola – Lost in Translation Best Documentary: Winged Migration Best Film: Lost in Translation Best Foreign Language Film: Demonlover • France
Best Screenplay: In America – Jim Sheridan, Naomi Sheridan, and Kirsten Sheridan
Best Supporting Actor: Alec Baldwin – The Cooler Best Supporting Actress: Scarlett Johansson – Lost in Translation Breakthrough Performer: Peter Dinklage – The Station Agent2004
Top 9 Films
Sideways The Aviator Before Sunset Ying xiong (Hero) Kinsey La mala educación (Bad Education) The Incredibles Diarios de motocicleta (The Motorcycle Diaries) Shi mian mai fu (House of Flying Daggers)Various Awards
Best Actor: Jamie Foxx – Ray Best Actress: Imelda Staunton – Vera Drake Best Animated Film: The Incredibles Best Cinematography: Ying xiong (Hero) – Christopher Doyle
Best Debut Director: Joshua Marston – Maria Full of Grace Best Director: Martin Scorsese – The Aviator Best Documentary: Broadway: The Golden Age and Super Size Me (tie)
Best Film: Sideways Best Foreign Language Film: Diarios de motocicleta (The Motorcycle Diaries) • United States / Germany / UK / Argentina / Chile / Peru / France
Best Screenplay: Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind – Charlie Kaufman
Best Supporting Actor: Thomas Haden Church – Sideways Best Supporting Actress: Virginia Madsen – Sideways Breakthrough Performer: Topher Grace – P.S. and In Good Company2005
Top 9 Films
(Alphabetical order)
Brokeback Mountain Capote The Constant Gardener Crash Good Night, and Good Luck La meglio gioventù (The Best of Youth) Munich The Squid and the Whale SyrianaVarious Awards
Best Actor: Philip Seymour Hoffman – Capote Best Actress: Keira Knightley – Pride & Prejudice Best Animated Film: Wallace & Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit Best Cinematography: March of the Penguins – Laurent Chalet and Jérôme Maison
Best Debut Director: Paul Haggis – Crash Best Director: Fernando Meirelles – The Constant Gardener Best Documentary: Grizzly Man Best Film: The Squid and the Whale Best Foreign Language Film: Der Untergang (Downfall) • Austria / Germany / Italy
Best Screenplay: Crash – Paul Haggis
Best Supporting Actor: Oliver Platt – Casanova Best Supporting Actress: Amy Adams – Junebug Breakthrough Performer: Terrence Howard – Crash, Four Brothers, Get Rich or Die Tryin', and Hustle & Flow2006
Top 10 Films
(Alphabetical order)
Babel The Fountain Inland Empire Pan's Labyrinth (El laberinto del fauno) Little Children Little Miss Sunshine The Queen Thank You for Smoking Volver WaterVarious Awards
Best Actor: Forest Whitaker – The Last King of Scotland Best Actress: Helen Mirren – The Queen Best Animated Film: Happy Feet Best Cast: Little Miss Sunshine Best Cinematography: The Illusionist – Dick Pope
Best Debut Director: Jonathan Dayton and Valerie Faris – Little Miss Sunshine Best Director: Stephen Frears – The Queen Best Documentary: An Inconvenient Truth Best Film: The Queen Best Film Music or Score: The Illusionist – Philip Glass
Best Foreign Language Film: El laberinto del fauno (Pan's Labyrinth) • Mexico
Best Screenplay: The Queen – Peter Morgan
Best Supporting Actor: Michael Sheen – The Queen Best Supporting Actress: Jennifer Hudson – Dreamgirls and Catherine O'Hara – For Your Consideration (tie)
Breakthrough Performer: Jennifer Hudson – Dreamgirls2007
Top 11 Films
(Alphabetical order)
Atonement Before the Devil Knows You're Dead The Darjeeling Limited The Diving Bell and the Butterfly (Le scaphandre et le papillon) I'm Not There Juno Michael Clayton No Country for Old Men Persepolis Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street There Will Be BloodVarious Awards
Best Actor: Daniel Day-Lewis – There Will Be Blood
Best Actress: Julie Christie – Away from Her Best Animated Film: Persepolis Best Cast: Before the Devil Knows You're Dead Best Cinematography: There Will Be Blood – Robert Elswit
Best Debut Director: Sarah Polley – Away from Her Best Director: Paul Thomas Anderson – There Will Be Blood Best Documentary: Sicko Best Film: The Diving Bell and the Butterfly (Le scaphandre et le papillon) and There Will Be Blood (tie)
Best Film Music or Score: There Will Be Blood – Jonny Greenwood
Best Foreign Language Film: Das Leben der Anderen (The Lives of Others) • Germany and Persepolis • France (tie)
Best Screenplay: The Darjeeling Limited – Wes Anderson, Jason Schwartzman, and Roman Coppola
Best Supporting Actor: Javier Bardem – No Country for Old Men Best Supporting Actress: Cate Blanchett – I'm Not There Breakthrough Performer: Elliot Page – Juno2008
Top 10 Films
(Alphabetical order)
Che A Christmas Tale (Un conte de Noël) The Curious Case of Benjamin Button The Dark Knight Happy-Go-Lucky Milk Rachel Getting Married Slumdog Millionaire WALL-E The WrestlerVarious Awards
Best Actor: Sean Penn – Milk Best Actress: Sally Hawkins – Happy-Go-Lucky Best Animated Film: WALL-E Best Cast: Milk Best Cinematography: Slumdog Millionaire – Anthony Dod Mantle
Best Debut Director: Martin McDonagh – In Bruges Best Director: Danny Boyle and Loveleen Tandan – Slumdog Millionaire Best Documentary: Man on Wire Best Film: Slumdog Millionaire Best Film Music or Score: Slumdog Millionaire – A. R. Rahman
Best Foreign Language Film: 4 luni, 3 săptămâni și 2 zile (4 Months, 3 Weeks and 2 Days) • Romania
Best Screenplay: Slumdog Millionaire – Simon Beaufoy
Best Supporting Actor: Heath Ledger – The Dark Knight (post-humously)
Best Supporting Actress: Penélope Cruz – Vicky Cristina Barcelona Breakthrough Performer: Sally Hawkins – Happy-Go-Lucky2009
Top 11 Films
(Alphabetical order)
Adventureland Avatar Fantastic Mr. Fox The Hurt Locker Inglourious Basterds The Messenger Precious A Serious Man Two Lovers Up Up in the AirVarious Awards
Best Actor: Jeff Bridges – Crazy Heart Best Actress: Meryl Streep – Julie & Julia Best Animated Film: Up Best Cast: In the Loop Best Cinematography: Inglourious Basterds – Robert Richardson
Best Debut Director: Marc Webb – (500) Days of Summer Best Director: Kathryn Bigelow – The Hurt Locker Best Documentary: The Cove Best Film: Avatar Best Film Music or Score: Crazy Heart – Steve Bruton, T Bone Burnett, and Jeffrey Pollack
Best Foreign Language Film: Das weiße Band – Eine deutsche Kindergeschichte (The White Ribbon) • Germany
Best Screenplay: Inglourious Basterds – Quentin Tarantino
Best Supporting Actor: Christoph Waltz – Inglourious Basterds Best Supporting Actress: Mo'Nique – Precious Breakthrough Performer: Christoph Waltz – Inglourious Basterds2010
Top 10 Films
(Alphabetical order)
127 Hours Another Year Black Swan Blue Valentine The Ghost Writer Inception The Kids Are All Right The King's Speech Scott Pilgrim vs. the World The Social NetworkVarious Awards
Best Actor: James Franco – 127 Hours Best Actress: Natalie Portman – Black Swan Best Animated Film: Toy Story 3 Best Cast: The Kids Are All Right Best Cinematography: Black Swan – Matthew Libatique
Best Debut Director: John Wells – The Company Men Best Director: David Fincher – The Social Network Best Documentary: Exit Through the Gift Shop Best Film: The Social Network Best Film Music or Score: Black Swan – Clint Mansell
Best Foreign Language Film: Io sono l'amore (I Am Love) • Italy
Best Screenplay: The Social Network – Aaron Sorkin
Best Supporting Actor: Christian Bale – The Fighter Best Supporting Actress: Melissa Leo – The Fighter Breakthrough Performer: Noomi Rapace – The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo2011
Top 10 Films
(Alphabetical order)
The Artist The Descendants Drive The Help Hugo Melancholia Midnight in Paris Take Shelter The Tree of Life War HorseVarious Awards
Best Actor: Michael Shannon – Take Shelter Best Actress: Meryl Streep – The Iron Lady Best Animated Film: The Adventures of Tintin: The Secret of the Unicorn Best Cast: Bridesmaids Best Cinematography: The Tree of Life – Emmanuel Lubezki
Best Debut Director: Joe Cornish – Attack the Block Best Director: Michel Hazanavicius – The Artist Best Documentary: Cave of Forgotten Dreams Best Film: The Artist Best Film Music or Score: The Artist – Ludovic Bource
Best Foreign Language Film: جدایی نادر از سیمین (A Separation) • Iran
Best Screenplay: The Descendants – Nat Faxon, Jim Rash, and Alexander Payne
Best Supporting Actor: Albert Brooks – Drive Best Supporting Actress: Melissa McCarthy – Bridesmaids Breakthrough Performer: Jessica Chastain – The Tree of Life, The Help, The Debt, and Take Shelter2012
Top 10 Films
(Alphabetical order)
Argo Beasts of the Southern Wild Django Unchained Les Misérables Life of Pi Lincoln The Master Moonrise Kingdom Silver Linings Playbook Zero Dark ThirtyVarious Awards
Best Actor: Daniel Day-Lewis – Lincoln Best Actress: Emmanuelle Riva – Amour Best Animated Film: Chico and Rita Best Cast: Argo Best Cinematography: Life of Pi – Claudio Miranda
Best Debut Director: Benh Zeitlin – Beasts of the Southern Wild Best Director: Kathryn Bigelow – Zero Dark Thirty Best Documentary: The Central Park Five Best Film: Zero Dark Thirty Best Film Music or Score: Django Unchained – Various Artists
Best Foreign Language Film: Amour • France
Best Screenplay: Zero Dark Thirty – Mark Boal
Best Supporting Actor: Tommy Lee Jones – Lincoln Best Supporting Actress: Anne Hathaway – Les Misérables Breakthrough Performer: Quvenzhané Wallis – Beasts of the Southern Wild2013
Top 11 Films
(Alphabetical order)
12 Years a Slave Before Midnight Blue Is the Warmest Colour Dallas Buyers Club Gravity Her Inside Llewyn Davis Nebraska Philomena Prisoners The Wolf of Wall StreetVarious Awards
Best Actor: Chiwetel Ejiofor – 12 Years a Slave Best Actress: Cate Blanchett – Blue Jasmine Best Animated Film: The Wind Rises Best Cast: American Hustle Best Cinematography: Gravity – Emmanuel Lubezki
Best Debut Director: Ryan Coogler – Fruitvale Station Best Director: Alfonso Cuarón – Gravity Best Documentary: The Act of Killing Best Film: 12 Years a Slave Best Film Music or Score: Inside Llewyn Davis – T Bone Burnett
Best Foreign Language Film: La Vie d'Adèle : Chapitres 1 et 2 (Blue Is the Warmest Colour) • France
Best Screenplay: Her – Spike Jonze
Best Supporting Actor: Jared Leto – Dallas Buyers Club Best Supporting Actress: Lupita Nyong'o – 12 Years a Slave Breakthrough Performer: Adèle Exarchopoulos – Blue Is the Warmest Colour2014
Top 10 Films
(Alphabetical order)
Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance) Boyhood Guardians of the Galaxy The Imitation Game A Most Violent Year Mr. Turner Selma The Theory of Everything Under the Skin WhiplashVarious Awards
Best Actor: Eddie Redmayne – The Theory of Everything Best Actress: Marion Cotillard – Two Days, One Night Best Animated Film: The Lego Movie Best Cast: Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance) Best Cinematography: Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance) – Emmanuel Lubezki
Best Debut Director: Dan Gilroy – Nightcrawler Best Director: Richard Linklater – Boyhood Best Documentary: Life Itself Best Film: Boyhood Best Film Music or Score: Get On Up – Thomas Newman
Best Foreign Language Film: Deux jours, une nuit (Two Days, One Night) • Belgium
Best Screenplay: Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance) – Alejandro G. Iñárritu, Nicolás Giacobone, Alexander Dinelaris, Jr., and Armando Bo
Best Supporting Actor: J. K. Simmons – Whiplash Best Supporting Actress: Patricia Arquette – Boyhood Breakthrough Performer: Jack O'Connell – Unbroken and Starred Up2015
Top 10 Films
(Alphabetical order)
45 Years The Big Short Bridge of Spies Brooklyn Carol Mad Max: Fury Road Sicario Spotlight Steve Jobs TrumboVarious Awards
Best Actor: Paul Dano – Love & Mercy Best Actress: Brie Larson – Room Best Animated Film: Inside Out Best Cast: Spotlight Best Cinematography: Mad Max: Fury Road – John Seale
Best Debut Director: Alex Garland – Ex Machina Best Director: Tom McCarthy – Spotlight Best Documentary: Amy Best Film: Spotlight Best Film Music or Score: Love & Mercy – Brian Wilson and Atticus Ross
Best Foreign Language Film: Saul fia (Son of Saul) • Hungary
Best Screenplay: Spotlight – Tom McCarthy and Josh Singer
Best Supporting Actor: Mark Rylance – Bridge of Spies Best Supporting Actress: Rooney Mara – Carol Breakthrough Performer: Alicia Vikander – The Danish Girl and Ex Machina2016
Top 12 Films
(Alphabetical order)
Arrival Fences Free State of Jones Hell or High Water I, Daniel Blake Jackie La La Land Loving Manchester by the Sea Moonlight O.J.: Made in America Toni ErdmannVarious Awards
Best Actor: Casey Affleck – Manchester by the Sea Best Actress: Isabelle Huppert – Elle Best Animated Film: Kubo and the Two Strings Best Cast: Moonlight Best Cinematography: Moonlight – James Laxton
Best Debut Director: Robert Eggers – The Witch Best Director: Barry Jenkins – Moonlight Best Documentary: 13th Best Film: Moonlight Best Film Music or Score: La La Land – Justin Hurwitz
Best Foreign Language Film: 아가씨 (The Handmaiden) • South Korea
Best Screenplay: Moonlight – Barry Jenkins
Best Supporting Actor: Mahershala Ali – Moonlight Best Supporting Actress: Viola Davis – Fences Breakthrough Performer: Ruth Negga – Loving2017
Top 10 Films
(Alphabetical order)
Call Me by Your Name Dunkirk The Florida Project Get Out I, Tonya Lady Bird Mudbound Phantom Thread The Post The Shape of WaterVarious Awards
Best Actor: Gary Oldman – Darkest Hour Best Actress: Margot Robbie – I, Tonya Best Animated Film: Coco Best Cast: Mudbound Best Cinematography: The Shape of Water – Dan Laustsen
Best Debut Director: Jordan Peele – Get Out Best Director: Dee Rees – Mudbound Best Documentary: Bombshell: The Hedy Lamarr Story Best Film: The Florida Project and Mudbound (tie)
Best Film Music or Score: Baby Driver – Steven Price and Kristen Lane
Best Foreign Language Film: Aus dem Nichts (In the Fade) • Germany
Best Screenplay: Get Out – Jordan Peele
Best Supporting Actor: Willem Dafoe – The Florida Project Best Supporting Actress: Allison Janney – I, Tonya Breakthrough Performer: Timothée Chalamet – Call Me by Your Name2018
Top 10 Films
BlacKkKlansman Eighth Grade The Favourite First Reformed Green Book If Beale Street Could Talk Leave No Trace Roma A Star Is Born ViceVarious Awards
Best Actor: Ethan Hawke - First Reformed Best Actress: Melissa McCarthy - Can You Ever Forgive Me? Best Animated Feature: Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse Best Breakthrough Performance: Elsie Fisher - Eighth Grade Best Cinematography: Roma Best Director: Alfonso Cuaron - Roma Best Debut Director: Bo Burnham - Eighth Grade Best Documentary: Won't You Be My Neighbor? Best Ensemble: The Favourite Best Foreign Language Film: Cold War Best Screenplay: The Favourite Best Supporting Actor: Richard E. Grant - Can You Ever Forgive Me? Best Supporting Actress: Regina King - If Beale Street Could Talk Best Use of Music: If Beale Street Could Talk2019
Top 10 Films
(Alphabetical order)
1917 The Farewell Hustlers The Irishman Jojo Rabbit Joker Marriage Story Once Upon a Time in Hollywood Parasite The Two PopesVarious Awards
Best Actor: Joaquin Phoenix – Joker Best Actress: Lupita Nyong'o – Us Best Animated Film: I Lost My Body Best Cast: Knives Out Best Cinematography: 1917 – Roger Deakins
Best Debut Director: Lila Avilés – The Chambermaid Best Director: Bong Joon-ho – Parasite Best Documentary: Apollo 11 Best Film: Parasite Best Foreign Language Film: Portrait of a Lady on Fire • France
Best Screenplay: Parasite – Bong Joon-ho and Han Jin-won
Best Supporting Actor: Joe Pesci – The Irishman Best Supporting Actress: Laura Dern – Marriage Story Best Use of Music: Rocketman Breakthrough Performer: Kelvin Harrison, Jr. – Luce and Waves2020
Top 10 Films
(Alphabetical order)
The Assistant First Cow I'm Thinking of Ending Things Minari Never Rarely Sometimes Always Nomadland One Night in Miami... Promising Young Woman Tommaso The Trial of the Chicago 7Various Awards
Best Actor: Riz Ahmed – Sound of Metal Best Actress: Carey Mulligan – Promising Young Woman Best Animated Film: Soul Best Cast: The Trial of the Chicago 7 Best Cinematography: Joshua James Richards – Nomadland Best Debut Director: Emerald Fennell – Promising Young Woman Best Director: Chloé Zhao – Nomadland Best Documentary: The Way I See It Best Film: Minari Best Foreign Language Film: Minari • United States
Best Screenplay: Emerald Fennell – Promising Young Woman Best Supporting Actor: Leslie Odom, Jr. – One Night in Miami... Best Supporting Actress: Ellen Burstyn – Pieces of a Woman and Youn Yuh-jung – Minari (tie)
Best Use of Music: Branford Marsalis – Ma Rainey's Black Bottom Breakthrough Performer: Kingsley Ben-Adir – One Night in Miami... and Maria Bakalova – Borat Subsequent Moviefilm'' (tie)
Notes
References
External links
NYFCO.net Official site
American film critics associations | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20York%20Film%20Critics%20Online |
The savannah monitor (Varanus exanthematicus) is a medium-sized species of monitor lizard native to Africa. The species is known as Bosc's monitor in Europe, since French scientist Louis Bosc first described the species. It belongs to the subgenus Polydaedalus.
Etymology
The specific name exanthematicus is derived from the Greek word exanthem , meaning an eruption or blister of the skin. French botanist and zoologist Louis Augustin Guillaume Bosc originally described this lizard as Lacerta exanthematica in reference to the large oval scales on the back of its neck.
The species was formerly known as Lacerta exanthematicus.
Description
Savannah monitors are stoutly built, with relatively short limbs and toes, and skulls and dentition adapted to feed on hard-shelled prey. They are robust creatures, with powerful limbs for digging, powerful jaws and blunt, peglike teeth. Maximum size is rarely more than 100 cm.
The skin coloration pattern varies according to the local habitat substrate. The body scales are large, usually less than 100 scales around midbody, a partly laterally compressed tail with a double dorsal ridge and nostrils equidistant from the eyes and the tip of the snout.
The savannah monitor is often confused with the white-throat monitor (Varanus albigularis), which can grow to lengths of 5–6 ft. While similar in overall appearance, this species possesses significant morphological and ecological differences and is recognized as a very distinct species.
Behaviour
Diet
Their diet is much more restricted than that of other African monitor lizards, consisting mainly of snails, crabs, scorpions, millipedes, centipedes, orthopterans, mantids, hymenopterans, lepidopterans, beetles and other invertebrates, as well as frogs. Information about the diet of savannah monitors in the wild has been recorded in Senegal and Ghana. It feeds almost exclusively on arthropods and molluscs. In Senegal, Julus millipedes were the most common prey of adults; in Ghana, small crickets formed the bulk of the diet of animals less than 2 months old; orthopterans (especially Brachytrupes), scorpions and amphibians were the most common prey of animals 6–7 months old. Many adults also consume large quantities of snails. Full grown V. exanthematicus have teeth that are quite blunt to help them crack and eat snails. The jaw has evolved to put maximum leverage at the back of the jaw to crush snail shells. Adults will also eat carrion if they come across it. Wild savannah monitors are also known to occasionally eat lizard eggs (such as those of agamids and their own kind).
Reproduction
Females dig a deep hole in the substrate, in which up to 40 or more eggs are laid, which hatch after about 156–160 days. Hatchlings start feeding a few days after the yolk sac has been absorbed, which may take 12 days or more after hatching.
In captivity
The savannah monitor is the most common monitor lizard species available in the pet trade, accounting for almost half (48.0552%) of the entire international trade in live monitor lizards. Despite its prevalence in global pet trade, successful captive reproduction is very rare, and a high mortality rate is associated with the species.
Adult specimens frequently become unwanted pets and are reported as being the most common monitor lizards by animal rescue agencies. The skins are traded within the international leather trade and originate mainly from Chad, Mali and Sudan.
Range
Its range extends throughout sub-Saharan Africa from Senegal east to Sudan and south almost to the Congo River and Rift Valley, where they are replaced by V. albigularis. V. exanthematicus is primarily a ground-dwelling species that shelters in burrows, although it is sometimes found in bushes or low trees. In the coastal plain of Ghana, V. exanthematicus juveniles are often associated with the burrows of the giant cricket Brachytrupes.
Threats
V. exanthematicus is listed as least concern by IUCN. The species is hunted for its leather and meat, and for the international pet trade. The trade in wild collected savannah monitors is not of a global conservation concern, due to the vast range of the species; in addition to the collection for the pet trade often occurring over a relatively small area. An average of 30,574 live specimens were imported into the US each year, between 2000 and 2009; total imports of live specimens into the US between 2000 and 2010 was 325,480 animals. During the same period, 1,037 skins, shoes, and products of the species were imported into the US. Trade in live animals comes mainly from Ghana (235,903 animals exported between 2000 and 2010), Togo (188,110 animals exported between 2000 and 2010), and Benin (72,964 animals exported between 2000 and 2010). During the same period, total worldwide declared exports of skins and products of the species totalled 37,506. However, substantial undeclared trade in the species occurs from Sudan, Nigeria, and elsewhere. Within several West African nations, roadside diners and food stands specialize in “monitor stew”, a hot simmered dish of local vegetables and savannah monitor; it is unclear whether the cooked lizards are hunted or bred specifically for human consumption, or at what rate they are being killed for this purpose.
References
Further reading
Bennett, Daniel; Thakoordyal, Ravi (2003). The Savannah Monitor Lizard: the truth about Varanus exanthematicus. Glossop, England: Viper Press. 84 pp. .
(1993). "The Savanna Monitor (Varanus exanthematicus) in Africa and in your home". The Iowa Herpetological Society, June: 2-4 (Reprinted in International Reptile Breeders Association (IRBA), Monitor 1 (2): 10–12, 1994).
External links
Photo of a Savannah monitor.
Savmon.org Modern captive and known ecological information about Varanus exanthematicus.
Varanus
Lizards of Africa
Reptiles of Uganda
Reptiles described in 1792
Taxa named by Louis Augustin Guillaume Bosc
Reptiles as pets | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savannah%20monitor |
Julián Orbón de Soto (August 7, 1925, Avilés, Spain – May 21, 1991, Miami, Florida was a Cuban composer who lived and composed in Spain, Cuba, Mexico, and the United States of America. Aaron Copland referred to Orbón as "Cuba's most gifted composer of the new generation."
Life
Family and early years
Julián Orbón was born on August 7, 1925, in Avilés, Spain, to Benjamín Orbón. Julián Orbón was exposed to music at a very early age because his father, Benjamín, was a composer and pianist. In 1932, Julián Orbón began taking piano lessons and basic music lessons from his father. At the age of ten, Julián Orbón attended the Oviedo Conservatory, where he received his first formal training.
In 1938, the Orbón family moved to Havana, Cuba. Here Orbón continued his musical training in piano under his father and his training in composition under José Ardévol, a Cuban composer and conductor. While teaching at the Havana Conservatory, Ardévol co-founded a Cuban school of composers with Orbón, called Grupo de renovación musical, including many of Ardévol's students. The members of this group included musicians Serafín Pro, Edgardo Martín, Argeliers León, Harold Gramatges, Hilario González, Dolores Torres Barrós, and Juan Antonio Cámara. This group was established to promote new Cuban music. While in Havana, Orbón's father also co-founded the Orbón Conservatory.
Musical training and career
When his father died in 1944, Julián Orbón took over as director of the Orbón Conservatory. A year later, he won a scholarship to study composition with Aaron Copland at the Berkshire Music Center at Tanglewood in Lenox, Massachusetts. After studying with Copland for about a year, Orbón returned to Havana to continue his position as director at the Orbón Conservatory. He did not stay long, however, because the Cuban Revolution began in 1953. In the wake of this revolution, Orbón permanently left Cuba and moved to Mexico City in 1960.
While in Mexico City, until 1963 Orbón taught composition alongside Carlos Chávez, a famous Mexican composer, conductor, and educator, at the Taller de Composición of the National Conservatory of Music. In 1964 Orbón moved to the United States to teach composition at Lenox College, Washington University in St. Louis, Barnard College, and the Hispanic Institute of Columbia University in New York City. He settled and lived in New York City the rest of his life.
Later years
Julián Orbón died of cancer at the age of 65 at Mount Sinai Medical Center in Miami, Florida. Orbón's sister, Ana Abril; wife, Mercedes; two sons, Andres and Julían; and two grandchildren are still alive.
Music and accomplishments
Musical style
Julián Orbón created compositions that combined Spanish and Cuban styles and traits, Gregorian chant qualities, and African music styles. His early style was influenced by composers such as Manuel de Falla, Rodolfo Halffter, and Ernesto Halffter, who used a Spanish neoclassic style in their compositions. Orbón's works such as Suite de Siete Canciones de Juan del Encina and Homenaje a la Tonadilla clearly illustrate this Spanish neoclassic style. Other characteristics of Orbón's works include strong rhythmic activity and intense though straightforward expression. This strong rhythmic activity and intense and straightforward expression is a large part in Orbón's Preludio y danza for solo guitar depicted below.
Later Orbón was greatly influenced by Copland, Chávez, and Villa-Lobos because of his close friendships with them. Through these different influences, Orbón began to gradually compose pieces without the influence of the Spanish neoclassic style. His later style became more romantic and expressive, stemming from his sadness caused by having to leave Cuba.
Reception
Julián Orbón had many fellow musicians and composers who supported him and his music. Eduardo Mata, a Mexican conductor and composer, and Julio Estrada, a Mexican composer and historian, both praised Orbón's compositions, which helped spread positive opinions about Orbón throughout Latin America. Both Mata and Estrada were students of Orbón when he was teaching alongside Chávez in Mexico City. Aaron Copland was also a supporter of Orbón. However, much of Orbón’s music is unknown today, and little is performed in Cuba.
Awards
Julián Orbón won many awards for his compositions over his lifetime. Orbón won the Juan Landaeta Prize in 1954 at the First Caracas Latinamerican Musical Festival in Venezuela for his Tres versiones sinfónicas. Orbón also received many grants in order to compose. In 1958, he received a grant from the Koussevitzky Foundation, that he used to compose Concerto grosso, one of his best-received compositions. In 1959 and 1969, Orbón received Guggenheim Fellowships, American grants awarded to citizens of the United States, Canada, Latin America, and the Caribbean "who have demonstrated exceptional capacity for productive scholarship or exceptional creative ability in the arts." He also received an award in 1967 from the American Academy of Arts and Letters.
Works
Julián Orbón composed many types of works, including orchestral, vocal, instrumental, and chamber music. Orbón also adapted the words for the piece "Guantanamera" from a poem by José Martí, a poet who is considered to be one of the greatest Latin American intellectuals and who dedicated his life to the independence of Cuba. "Guantanamera" is Cuba's best-known song. José Fernandez Diaz wrote the original melody for this piece.
Orchestral
Symphony in C (1945)
Homenaje a la Tonadilla (1947)
Tres versiones sinfónicas (1953)
Danzas sinfónicas (1955)
Concerto Grosso (1958)
Partitas No. 3 (1965-1966)
Partitas No. 4 (1982-1985)
Choral
Crucifixus (1953)
Introito (1967-1968)
Canciones folklóricas (1970-1972)
Liturgia de tres días (1975)
Solo vocal
Pregón (1943)
Himnus ad galli cantum (1956)
3 cantigas del rey (1960)
Libro de cantares (1987)
Chamber and solo instrument
Homaje a Padre Soler (1942)
Toccata (1943)
Clarinet Quintet (1944)
Preludio y danza (1950-1951)
String Quartet (1951)
Partita no. 1 (1963)
Partita no. 2 (1964)
Preludio y fantasia tiento (1974)
Notes
References
Baker's Biographical Dictionary of Musicians. S.v. "Julián Orbón."
Blau, Eleanor. "Julián Orbón, 65; Cuban Composer, Pianist and Critic." The New York Times (May 23, 1991).
Naxos, S.v. "Julián Orbón." http://www.naxos.com/person/Julian_Orbon/25613.htm (accessed Oct. 6, 2012).
Villanueva,Mariana. "El latido de la ausencia".Mexico, Itaca-UNAM,2014
Further reading
Fernandaz Bonilla, Raimundo. "Diálogo con Julián Orbón." Exilio: Revista de humanidades 5, no. 13 (Summer 1969).
Godell, Tom. "Guide to Records: Orbón- Symphonic Dances; Concerto Grosso; 3 Symphonic Versions." American Record Guide 67, no. 5 (Sep. 2004).
Hecht, Roger. "Falla: 'La Vida Breve', and Other Works, with Selections from Julián Orbón." American Record Guide 68, no. 2 (Mar. 2005).
Lima, José Lezama. "Una carta a Julián Orbón en la muerte de Heitor Villa-Lobos." Pauta: Cuadernos de teroría y crítica musical 6, no. 22 (Apr.-June 1987).
Rickards, Guy. "The Gramophone Collection: Music from Latin America." Gramophone 77 (Feb. 2000).
External links
Peermusic Classical: Julian Orbon Composer's Publisher and Bio
1925 births
1991 deaths
People from Avilés
Academic staff of the National Conservatory of Music of Mexico
Spanish composers
Spanish male composers
Cuban composers
Male composers
Cuban people of Asturian descent
University of Washington faculty
University of Miami faculty
Princeton University faculty
20th-century composers
20th-century Spanish musicians
20th-century Spanish male musicians
Spanish emigrants to Cuba
Cuban emigrants to the United States
Cuban expatriates in Mexico
Cuban male musicians | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juli%C3%A1n%20Orb%C3%B3n |
The Dodo was a satirical, sometimes underground military humor magazine published by cadets at the United States Air Force Academy. It often pokes fun at Air Force and Academy policies and leadership, and is often very cynical in nature. The magazine's name is a play on the Academy's official mascot, the falcon.
Since its founding in 1957, The Dodo has gone through cycles of legitimacy. At times it has been sanctioned and censored by Academy leadership. Other times, the attitude of the magazine has led to it being banned outright—usually driving publication underground.
eDodo
In the mid-90s, censorship of The Dodo drove the development of an online version of the magazine called eDodo, run by graduates who were no longer subject to the military authority at the Academy. The eDodo bulletin boards were frequented by Academy graduates, cadets, and at least a handful of non-graduates, but Academy officials publicly distanced themselves from the eDodo.
External links
The Dodo Lives, an electronic archive of the original Dodo
References
United States Air Force Academy
Military humor
Magazines established in 1957
Satirical magazines published in the United States
Military magazines published in the United States | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Dodo%20%28magazine%29 |
Club de Futbol Reus Deportiu, S.A.D. was a Spanish football team based in Reus, in the autonomous community of Catalonia. Founded in 1909, it last competed in the Segunda Division (while its B team competed in the Tercera Division) before folding during the 2018–19 Segunda División season. It held its home games at Estadi Municipal, with a capacity of 4,700 seats.
History
CD Reus was founded on 23 November 1909 after the dissolution of Reus Sport Club. On 29 September 1917, the club merged with Club Velocipedista and SC Olímpia becoming the multi-sports club Reus Deportiu.
In 1951, Reus Deportiu was restructured into two independent entities: CF Reus Deportiu, entirely dedicated to football, and Reus Deportiu, supporting the other sports, roller hockey being the most well known.
After several years playing in Segunda División B, Reus qualified in 2015 to the promotion play-offs for the first time in its history. It was defeated in the second round by Racing Ferrol.
In 2015, the club reached the round of 32 of the 2015–16 Copa del Rey, where it was defeated by Atlético Madrid. In that season, the club also qualified to the promotion play-offs, this time as champion of the Segunda División B Group 3. In the first leg, Reus beat Racing de Santander by 3–0 away, and achieved the first promotion ever to Segunda División after a 1–0 home win in the second leg, played on 29 May 2016.
On 18 January 2019, the Liga de Fútbol Profesional suspended the rights of Reus to continue competing in the competition and ten days later the club was expelled from the competition for three years plus a fine of €250,000 due to the nonpayment of players' salaries.
In July 2019, after the draw of the groups for the 2019–20 Segunda División B, Reus was excluded again due to the non-payment and relegated to Tercera División, from which the club was expelled in September for the non-payment of its debt with the RFEF and non-appearance in the first two matches. It was also ruled that the club could not play in the three Catalan regional leagues until its debts were settled. In October 2019, the Court of Arbitration for Sport ordered that Reus be reinstated to Segunda B but could not be implemented, and in July 2020, the club was kept out of league football yet again for non-payment of its reserve team players.
On 20 October 2020, Reus was liquidated by the court, after the club's owners failed to present a plan to pay off the debts, estimated in more than €9 million. In 2022, CF Reddis merged with the youth sides of Reus to create a unique football project for the city, and the new club was called Reus FC Reddis.
Season to season
3 seasons in Segunda División
10 seasons in Segunda División B
48 seasons in Tercera División
Retired numbers
7 – Jordi Pitarque MF (2009–10) – posthumous honour
Notable players
Players who appeared in more than 100 league matches for the club and/or reached international status.
Coaches
José Juncosa (1981–82)
Josep Seguer (1983)
José Juncosa (1985–87)
Miguel Ángel Rubio (2001–02)
Natxo González (2003–07)
Ramón Calderé (2007–09)
Santi Castillejo (2009–13)
Emili Vicente (2013–14)
Natxo González (2014–17)
Aritz López Garai (2017–2018)
Xavi Bartolo (2018–2019)
See also
CF Reus Deportiu B, reserve team.
References
External links
Official website
Futbolme team profile
Reus24, unofficial website
CF Reus Deportiu
Football clubs in Catalonia
Association football clubs established in 1909
1909 establishments in Spain
Association football clubs disestablished in 2020
2020 disestablishments in Spain
Sport in Reus
Defunct football clubs in Catalonia
Segunda División clubs | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CF%20Reus%20Deportiu |
Azul Violeta is a Mexican band that was formed in 1988 in Guadalajara, Jalisco, by Hugo Rodríguez and César "Vampiro" López. Mixing funk and soul, these Latin rockers were signed by EMI in 1994 with the following line up: Hugo Rodríguez, Alex Pèrez, Yuri González, Iván González and César López "El Vampiro", Juan Carlos Chavez. They had an American release, produced in England by Richard Blair.
That record, América, was promoted with a Latin America and U.S. tour. In 1996, Azul Violeta built an improvised recording studio inside an abandoned Jalisco theatre to make the next album. The result was Globoscopio, which was presented live all over Mexico. In May 1998, César López decided to leave the band to join Jaguares. The remaining Azul Violeta members released Mini Multi, recorded in New York and produced by the band and by . After a 2-year struggle against EMI Music México, the band got free of its contract in 2000, joining the Indie scene in Guadalajara. By 2002 Iván González and Yuri González had left the band, but another record, Contacto, was on the way. Hugo Rodríguez and Alex Pèrez recruited old friends and guest musicians from past tours in order to record the album, which was released with limited distribution and promotion through Fugazi records.
As of 2007, Azul Violeta is disbanded. Some efforts have been made to reunite them; a reunion gig was held in March 2006 in a small club in Guadalajara, but it seems hard to get them together for a tour or new record.
Azul Violeta reunited to perform at the International Fireworks Festival in Puerto Vallarta 2014.
Discography
América
Globoscopio
Mini/Multi
Contacto
Despedida Fingida
References
Musical groups established in 1988
Mexican rock music groups | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azul%20Violeta |
Ermengarde (Occitan: Ermengarda, Ainermada, or Ainemarda) (b. 1127 or 1129 – d. Perpignan, 14 October 1197), was a viscountess of Narbonne from 1134 to 1192. She was the daughter of Aimery II of Narbonne and his first wife, also named Ermengarde.
Youth
Aimery II was killed at the Battle of Fraga on July 17, 1134, fighting against the Almoravids along with Alfonso I of Aragon. Aimery left only two underaged daughters as his heirs, Ermengarde and her half-sister Ermessinde (daughter of Aimery's second wife, also named Ermessinde). Aimery had at least one son, also called Aimery, attested in numerous charters, but he predeceased him (ca. 1130). Thus, the approximately five-year-old Ermengarde inherited the viscounty of Narbonne, which occupied a strategic place in the politics of Languedoc: it was desired by the counts of Toulouse, the counts of Barcelona, the Trencavel viscounts of Carcassonne, and the lords of Montpellier.
In 1142, Alfonso Jordan, count of Toulouse, whose wife Faydid of Uzes had either recently died or been repudiated, married the now-adolescent Ermengarde. In reaction to this prospect, which overturned the balance of power in the region by adding Narbonne to the direct control of Toulouse, a coalition of Occitan lords led by Roger II of Béziers, viscount of Carcassonne, Béziers, Albi and Razès formed an alliance against Toulouse. Alfonso was defeated by the coalition and taken prisoner, and was forced to make peace with Narbonne and restore Ermengarde and her new husband to the viscounty before being released. Following the dissolution of her marriage to Alfonso, Ermengarde was married to a vassal of Roger II, Bernard IV of Anduze.
Political activity
In 1177 she joined Gui Guerrejat (the lover of Azalais de Porcairagues), Bernard Ato V of Nîmes and Agde, and Gui's nephews William VIII of Montpellier and Gui Burgundion, in an alliance in opposition to Raymond VI of Toulouse, whose power suddenly increased when he became ruler of Melgueil as widower of Ermessende of Pelet.
Cultural activity
Around 1190, a French cleric named André le Chapelain wrote a "Treatise on Courtly Love" (Latin De Arte honeste amandi). In the second part of the Treatise, "How to maintain love", the author spoke of twenty-one "judgements of love" which had been pronounced by the greatest ladies of the kingdom of France. Among them, three judgements were attributed to Eleanor of Aquitaine, seven to her daughter Marie, and five to Ermengarde. Although these "judgements" were probably fictional, they attest to the fame acquired by Ermengarde, even in the langue d'oïl in the north. She corresponded with many troubadours, including Peire Rogier, Giraut de Bornelh, Peire d'Alvergne, Pons d'Ortafa, and Salh d'Escola, as well as the trobairitz Azalais de Porcairagues.
In addition it is believed that she welcomed to her court Rognvald II of Orkney, a Viking prince that became a saint, and poet, who composed skaldic poetry for her.
Later years
Without issue after two unhappy marriages, Ermengarde designated as heir Pedro Manrique de Lara -the second but eldest surviving son of her half-sister Ermessinde (who had died in 1177) by her husband, Count Manrique Pérez de Lara (who was killed in battle in Garcianarro on 9 July 1164). In 1192 Ermengarde abdicated the viscounty in favor of Peter and retired to Perpignan, where she died five years later.
Notes
Sources
Jacqueline Caille, Medieval Narbonne: A City at the Heart of the Troubadour World, Ashgate, Variorum Collected Studies Series, 2005.
External links
André le Chapelain and the Treatise on Courtly Love (French)
Commercial treaty between Genoa et Narbonne (November 12, 1166) (in Latin)
Testament of Ermengarde (April 30, 1196) (in Latin)
1120s births
1190s deaths
Occitan nobility
French patrons of literature
Viscounts of Narbonne
12th-century French nobility
12th-century women rulers
12th-century French women | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ermengarde%2C%20Viscountess%20of%20Narbonne |
E-UTRA is the air interface of 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for mobile networks. It is an acronym for Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access, also known as the Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access in early drafts of the 3GPP LTE specification. E-UTRAN is the combination of E-UTRA, user equipment (UE), and a Node B (E-UTRAN Node B or Evolved Node B, eNodeB).
It is a radio access network (RAN) meant to be a replacement of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA), and High-Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA) technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and beyond. Unlike HSPA, LTE's E-UTRA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA. It provides higher data rates, lower latency and is optimized for packet data. It uses orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) radio-access for the downlink and single-carrier frequency-division multiple access (SC-FDMA) on the uplink. Trials started in 2008.
Features
EUTRAN has the following features:
Peak download rates of 299.6 Mbit/s for 4×4 antennas, and 150.8 Mbit/s for 2×2 antennas with 20 MHz of spectrum. LTE Advanced supports 8×8 antenna configurations with peak download rates of 2,998.6 Mbit/s in an aggregated 100 MHz channel.
Peak upload rates of 75.4 Mbit/s for a 20 MHz channel in the LTE standard, with up to 1,497.8 Mbit/s in an LTE Advanced 100 MHz carrier.
Low data transfer latencies (sub-5 ms latency for small IP packets in optimal conditions), lower latencies for handover and connection setup time.
Support for terminals moving at up to 350 km/h or 500 km/h depending on the frequency band.
Support for both FDD and TDD duplexes as well as half-duplex FDD with the same radio access technology
Support for all frequency bands currently used by IMT systems by ITU-R.
Flexible bandwidth: 1.4 MHz, 3 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz and 20 MHz are standardized. By comparison, UMTS uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.
Increased spectral efficiency at 2–5 times more than in 3GPP (HSPA) release 6
Support of cell sizes from tens of meters of radius (femto and picocells) up to over 100 km radius macrocells
Simplified architecture: The network side of EUTRAN is composed only by the eNodeBs
Support for inter-operation with other systems (e.g., GSM/EDGE, UMTS, CDMA2000, WiMAX, etc.)
Packet-switched radio interface.
Rationale for E-UTRA
Although UMTS, with HSDPA and HSUPA and their evolution, deliver high data transfer rates, wireless data usage is expected to continue increasing significantly over the next few years due to the increased offering and demand of services and content on-the-move and the continued reduction of costs for the final user. This increase is expected to require not only faster networks and radio interfaces but also higher cost-efficiency than what is possible by the evolution of the current standards. Thus the 3GPP consortium set the requirements for a new radio interface (EUTRAN) and core network evolution (System Architecture Evolution SAE) that would fulfill this need.
These improvements in performance allow wireless operators to offer quadruple play services voice, high-speed interactive applications including large data transfer and feature-rich IPTV with full mobility.
Starting with the 3GPP Release 8, E-UTRA is designed to provide a single evolution path for the GSM/EDGE, UMTS/HSPA, CDMA2000/EV-DO and TD-SCDMA radio interfaces, providing increases in data speeds, and spectral efficiency, and allowing the provision of more functionality.
Architecture
EUTRAN consists only of eNodeBs on the network side. The eNodeB performs tasks similar to those performed by the nodeBs and RNC (radio network controller) together in UTRAN. The aim of this simplification is to reduce the latency of all radio interface operations. eNodeBs are connected to each other via the X2 interface, and they connect to the packet switched (PS) core network via the S1 interface.
EUTRAN protocol stack
The EUTRAN protocol stack consists of:
Physical layer: Carries all information from the MAC transport channels over the air interface. Takes care of the link adaptation (ACM), power control, cell search (for initial synchronization and handover purposes) and other measurements (inside the LTE system and between systems) for the RRC layer.
MAC: The MAC sublayer offers a set of logical channels to the RLC sublayer that it multiplexes into the physical layer transport channels. It also manages the HARQ error correction, handles the prioritization of the logical channels for the same UE and the dynamic scheduling between UEs, etc..
RLC: It transports the PDCP's PDUs. It can work in 3 different modes depending on the reliability provided. Depending on this mode it can provide: ARQ error correction, segmentation/concatenation of PDUs, reordering for in-sequence delivery, duplicate detection, etc...
PDCP: For the RRC layer it provides transport of its data with ciphering and integrity protection. And for the IP layer transport of the IP packets, with ROHC header compression, ciphering, and depending on the RLC mode in-sequence delivery, duplicate detection and retransmission of its own SDUs during handover.
RRC: Between others it takes care of: the broadcast system information related to the access stratum and transport of the non-access stratum (NAS) messages, paging, establishment and release of the RRC connection, security key management, handover, UE measurements related to inter-system (inter-RAT) mobility, QoS, etc..
Interfacing layers to the EUTRAN protocol stack:
NAS: Protocol between the UE and the MME on the network side (outside of EUTRAN). Between others performs authentication of the UE, security control and generates part of the paging messages.
IP
Physical layer (L1) design
E-UTRA uses orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM), multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology depending on the terminal category and can use as well beamforming for the downlink to support more users, higher data rates and lower processing power required on each handset.
In the uplink LTE uses both OFDMA and a precoded version of OFDM called Single-Carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) depending on the channel. This is to compensate for a drawback with normal OFDM, which has a very high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). High PAPR requires more expensive and inefficient power amplifiers with high requirements on linearity, which increases the cost of the terminal and drains the battery faster. For the uplink, in release 8 and 9 multi user MIMO / Spatial division multiple access (SDMA) is supported; release 10 introduces also SU-MIMO.
In both OFDM and SC-FDMA transmission modes a cyclic prefix is appended to the transmitted symbols. Two different lengths of the cyclic prefix are available to support different channel spreads due to the cell size and propagation environment. These are a normal cyclic prefix of 4.7 μs, and an extended cyclic prefix of 16.6 μs.
LTE supports both Frequency-division duplex (FDD) and Time-division duplex (TDD) modes. While FDD makes use of paired spectra for UL and DL transmission separated by a duplex frequency gap, TDD splits one frequency carrier into alternating time periods for transmission from the base station to the terminal and vice versa. Both modes have their own frame structure within LTE and these are aligned with each other meaning that similar hardware can be used in the base stations and terminals to allow for economy of scale. The TDD mode in LTE is aligned with TD-SCDMA as well allowing for coexistence. Single chipsets are available which support both TDD-LTE and FDD-LTE operating modes.
Frames and resource blocks
The LTE transmission is structured in the time domain in radio frames. Each of these radio frames is 10 ms long and consists of 10 sub frames of 1 ms each. For non-Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) subframes, the OFDMA sub-carrier spacing in the frequency domain is 15 kHz. Twelve of these sub-carriers together allocated during a 0.5 ms timeslot are called a resource block. A LTE terminal can be allocated, in the downlink or uplink, a minimum of 2 resources blocks during 1 subframe (1 ms).
Encoding
All L1 transport data is encoded using turbo coding and a contention-free quadratic permutation polynomial (QPP) turbo code internal interleaver. L1 HARQ with 8 (FDD) or up to 15 (TDD) processes is used for the downlink and up to 8 processes for the UL
EUTRAN physical channels and signals
Downlink (DL)
In the downlink there are several physical channels:
The Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) carries between others the downlink allocation information, uplink allocation grants for the terminal/UE.
The Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH) used to signal CFI (control format indicator).
The Physical Hybrid ARQ Indicator Channel (PHICH) used to carry the acknowledges from the uplink transmissions.
The Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) is used for L1 transport data transmission. Supported modulation formats on the PDSCH are QPSK, 16QAM and 64QAM.
The Physical Multicast Channel (PMCH) is used for broadcast transmission using a Single Frequency Network
The Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) is used to broadcast the basic system information within the cell
And the following signals:
The synchronization signals (PSS and SSS) are meant for the UE to discover the LTE cell and do the initial synchronization.
The reference signals (cell specific, MBSFN, and UE specific) are used by the UE to estimate the DL channel.
Positioning reference signals (PRS), added in release 9, meant to be used by the UE for OTDOA positioning (a type of multilateration)
Uplink (UL)
In the uplink there are three physical channels:
Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) is used for initial access and when the UE loses its uplink synchronization,
Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) carries the L1 UL transport data together with control information. Supported modulation formats on the PUSCH are QPSK, 16QAM and depending on the user equipment category 64QAM. PUSCH is the only channel which, because of its greater BW, uses SC-FDMA
Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) carries control information. Note that the Uplink control information consists only on DL acknowledges as well as CQI related reports as all the UL coding and allocation parameters are known by the network side and signaled to the UE in the PDCCH.
And the following signals:
Reference signals (RS) used by the eNodeB to estimate the uplink channel to decode the terminal uplink transmission.
Sounding reference signals (SRS) used by the eNodeB to estimate the uplink channel conditions for each user to decide the best uplink scheduling.
User Equipment (UE) categories
3GPP Release 8 defines five LTE user equipment categories depending on maximum peak data rate and MIMO capabilities support. With 3GPP Release 10, which is referred to as LTE Advanced, three new categories have been introduced. Followed by four more with Release 11, two more with Release 14, and five more with Release 15.
Note: Maximum data rates shown are for 20 MHz of channel bandwidth. Categories 6 and above include data rates from combining multiple 20 MHz channels. Maximum data rates will be lower if less bandwidth is utilized.
Note: These are L1 transport data rates not including the different protocol layers overhead. Depending on cell bandwidth, cell load (number of simultaneous users), network configuration, the performance of the user equipment used, propagation conditions, etc. practical data rates will vary.
Note: The 3.0 Gbit/s / 1.5 Gbit/s data rate specified as Category 8 is near the peak aggregate data rate for a base station sector. A more realistic maximum data rate for a single user is 1.2 Gbit/s (downlink) and 600 Mbit/s (uplink). Nokia Siemens Networks has demonstrated downlink speeds of 1.4 Gbit/s using 100 MHz of aggregated spectrum.
EUTRAN releases
As the rest of the 3GPP standard parts E-UTRA is structured in releases.
Release 8, frozen in 2008, specified the first LTE standard
Release 9, frozen in 2009, included some additions to the physical layer like dual layer (MIMO) beam-forming transmission or positioning support
Release 10, frozen in 2011, introduces to the standard several LTE Advanced features like carrier aggregation, uplink SU-MIMO or relays, aiming to a considerable L1 peak data rate increase.
All LTE releases have been designed so far keeping backward compatibility in mind. That is, a release 8 compliant terminal will work in a release 10 network, while release 10 terminals would be able to use its extra functionality.
Frequency bands and channel bandwidths
Deployments by region
Technology demos
In September 2007, NTT Docomo demonstrated E-UTRA data rates of 200 Mbit/s with power consumption below 100 mW during the test.
In April 2008, LG and Nortel demonstrated E-UTRA data rates of 50 Mbit/s while travelling at 110 km/h.
February 15, 2008 Skyworks Solutions has released a front-end module for E-UTRAN.
See also
4G (IMT-Advanced)
List of interface bit rates
LTE
LTE-A
System Architecture Evolution (SAE)
UMTS
WiMAX
References
External links
EARFCN calculator and band reference
S1-AP procedures E-RAB Setup,modify and release
3GPP Long Term Evolution page
LTE 3GPP Encyclopedia
3G Americas - UMTS/HSPA Speeds Up the Wireless Technology Roadmap. 3G Americas Publishes White Paper on 3GPP Release 7 to Release 8. Bellevue, WA, July 10, 2007
LTE (telecommunication)
Mobile telecommunications
Mobile telecommunications standards
Telecommunications infrastructure | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-UTRA |
A Regional Health Information Organization (RHIO, pronounced rio), also called a Health Information Exchange Organization, is a multistakeholder organization created to facilitate a health information exchange (HIE) – the transfer of healthcare information electronically across organizations – among stakeholders of that region's healthcare system. The ultimate objective is to improve the safety, quality, and efficiency of healthcare as well as access to healthcare through the efficient application of health information technology. RHIOs are also intended to support secondary use of clinical data for research as well as institution/provider quality assessment and improvement. RHIO stakeholders include smaller clinics, hospitals, medical societies, major employers and payers.
RHIOs are intended to be key to the proposed US Nationwide Health Information Network (NHIN).
Background
The US system of healthcare is highly complex and fragmented, with use of multiple information technology systems and vendors incorporating different standards. In contrast with other developed nations, healthcare accounts for a disproportionate percentage of the US GDP, and there is a concern about the economic viability of Medicare. Despite this significant expenditure, there is evidence of inefficiency, waste and medical errors, with a 2001 estimate by the Institute of Medicine of between 44,000-98,000 annual deaths due to medical errors. While numerous possible causes for this situation exist, much waste (e.g., duplication of laboratory tests) and medical errors (e.g., adverse drug reactions) are traceable to inability of healthcare providers (who are not the patients' primary providers) to access patients' existing medical information in a timely manner when needed: better and more ubiquitous health information technology might be part of the overall solution.
In 2004 President W. George Bush issued for the development and nationwide implementation of an interoperable health information technology infrastructure to improve the quality and efficiency of health care with the goal that most Americans will have an EHR by 2014. In July 2004 the United States Department of Health and Human Services released their vision of how America's healthcare system could be rebuilt during the next decade. An aspect of the federal effort is the creation of the Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology. One of the roles of ONC is to facilitate RHIO development.
The planning stage of RHIO formation involves
identification of a shared vision/motivation
creating a governance structure
identifying a technology and network infrastructure for data integration
defining standards for data sharing, protection of data, and business practices to ensure patient protection during data exchange
defining educational and business strategies to ensure sustainability of the effort.
Finally, RHIOs must implement the proposed strategies.
Architecture types
The two broad types of architecture, centralized and federated, correspond to the data warehouse and federated database system models of data integration. In the centralized configuration (e.g., The Santa Cruz Community and the Michigan UP Network), all providers send their data to the RHIO's central repository on a periodic basis (daily). In the federated model, the RHIO acts as a record locator service, the data stays at its original location, and the RHIO only has a "pointer" to that information.
The pros and cons of each architecture follow from the approaches.
Centralized
For the Centralized design, once data is centralized and restructured into a uniform data model, it is easier to query and analyze. However, because movement and restructuring is generally a complex batch process involving the well-known steps of "extract, transform, load", the centralized data may be somewhat out of date if the (logistically challenging) target of daily updates is not achieved. Also, there may be concerns among the individual RHIO participants who originate the raw data that they are giving up "control" and "ownership" once the data is copied to a central site. Also, creation of the central repository requires close collaboration to determine exactly what data will be centralized and how it will be structured.
Federated
In federated systems the RHIO software only stores information about the locations where a patient's data is available. These are often more politically feasible than centralized systems. However, designing a protocol by which the RHIO can query (heterogeneously structured) individual provider data stores is technically challenging. The software at the individual sites must ensure authenticate electronic requests to ensure that they are legitimate and authorized, and no standards that can be used for this purpose currently exist. A federated setup requires greater network bandwidth than the centralized approach, because a request by a user of the central RHIO software can be farmed out to multiple provider systems.
Centralized and federated approaches are not mutually exclusive, and hybrid setups can be employed. In one proposed hybrid model, the health record trust or health record data bank, all data for each patient would stay in a single repository as in the centralized model, but patients could choose which data bank to use for their records.
Current status
, 193 initiatives (including RHIOs) in the United States were working on health information exchange, and 57 of those were actively exchanging data used by healthcare stakeholders. RHIO initiatives exist at two levels, larger (statewide) and smaller (local and rural).
Compared to local RHIOs, state-level initiatives, because of the larger number of stakeholders and patient base, and consequent financial strength, have a greater likelihood of being able to utilize national-level expertise both in health IT and policy-making. Most operational RHIO efforts tend to be larger efforts, though the risk of political battles and consequent failure is also amplified if several large stakeholders choose not to cooperate with each other.
Compared to state-level RHIOs, stakeholders tend to be more heterogeneous with respect to line of business, use of technology and size. Rural RHIOs have a subscriber base of less than 100,000. The presence of numerous, smaller organizations with relatively limited IT budgets translates to numerous challenges due to the dis-economies of small scale. There is limited access to skilled technology professions, and health IT vendors pay less attention to small customers. Many stakeholders continue to deploy legacy software from long-defunct vendors and some may not deploy IT at all. In addition, stakeholders may be less IT-savvy, and even availability of high-speed Internet connectivity may not be assured. A significant sustainability challenge for smaller RHIOs involves funding. Some support models (e.g., used by Northwest, Louisville KY) are based on shared, subscription-based use of commercial health information software, and the shared use of scarce resources such as information technology professionals, who are unaffordable for smaller organizations acting individually.
Irrespective of size, certain challenges remain, such as interoperability standards, as well as consistent standards with respect to privacy, security and appropriate use of the data. Currently, privacy/security issues vary across states, and federal efforts to ensure uniformity are desirable.
Examples
INPC and IHIE
The Indiana Network for Patient Care (INPC) — originally the Indianapolis Network for Patient Care and Research (INPRC) — operational since 1994, connects all five major hospital systems in greater Indianapolis. All INPC participants now deliver registration records, all laboratory tests, text reports, medication history and all UB92 records (diagnosis, length of stay, and procedure codes) for hospital admissions and emergency room visits to separate electronic medical record vaults in a central INPC server using a federated data store model. The message exchange standard that is used is HL7. The computer system standardizes all clinical data as it arrives at the INPC vault, laboratory, radiology, and other study test results are mapped to a set of common test codes LOINC with standard units of measure, and patients with multiple medical record numbers are linked.
Implementation has been simplified because each participating institution uses the same data model and term dictionary which contain the codes, names (and other attributes) for tests, drugs, coded answers, etc. The data for any participating patient seen in any of the region's 11 emergency rooms can be presented as one virtual medical record. Stakeholders/ participants in this RHIO include: major and regional hospital systems, regional and national reference laboratories, state, federal, and private payors, pharmacy benefit management claims repository services, major physician practice organizations, individual providers, state government (Dept. of Health), major academic research institutions, and others.
The statewide Indiana Health Information Exchange (IHIE), which uses the expertise of the same medical informatics/IT team as the INPC, combines clinical data in combination with administrative (claims) data to support electronic delivery of test reports to physician offices using faxes, printers, and e-mail, as well as Clinical Quality Services, which provide a "report card" (and incentives) on established quality measures to physicians, practice groups, employers, and payers. The IHIE is a rare example of a self-sustaining health information exchange (not reliant on government grants). Stakeholder satisfaction with this RHIO is apparently high.
CalRHIO
CalRHIO is an example of an RHIO failure due to political/turf battles; it shutdown January 8, 2010. Following heavy competition with California e-Health Collaborative (CAeHC) for designation as California's statewide HIE entity, both organizations were turned down by the state government in December 2009; large stakeholders such as Medicity Inc. and Kaiser Permanente subsequently followed suit and withdrew financial support. Reasons for CalRHIO's failure have been attributed to a limited business model dependent on state-entity designation.
Healthcurrent
Healthcurrent is the RHIO for the state of Arizona, formerly known as AZHeC. Healthcurrent hosts a physical health and behavioral health/crisis portal for health information exchange throughout Arizona. Healthcurrent links care providers to its standards-based HIE platform and holds a repository of data that is available to be shared with properly accredited care providers in the community. Arizona is an opt-out state for healthcare data flowing to the state HIE.
Other examples
In some states (e.g., Kansas), an alternative to a stakeholder-consortium-based state-level RHIO is being considered, namely direct involvement of the state governments in creating the RHIO infrastructure. This approach builds on the strengths of state governments as major employers and purchasers of healthcare services (e.g., University of Alabama at Birmingham, is Alabama's largest employer). Similarly, TennCare in Tennessee has roots in addressing the state's un- and under-insured population and is consequently more state driven. Utah's efforts are based on the state's prior efforts to process healthcare claims.
Recent federal efforts (e.g., at the Veterans Administration) are aimed at creating a federal employee based electronic health record system, which might be considered a national RHIO.
See also
Chesapeake Regional Information System for our Patients (CRISP) — RHIO serving Maryland the District of Columbia
HealthBridge — RHIO for the Greater Cincinnati area (Ohio, Kentucky, & Indiana)
Informatics Corporation of America — a RHIO vendor
PeaceHealth — Medical Group in Alaska, Oregon, & Washington
References
External links
Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology
AHRQ National Resource Center for Health Information Technology
RHIO sites
Hixny — Albany-region and Northern New York
Rochester RHIO — Rochester, New York
Indiana Health Information Exchange
Medical Information Network – North Sound (MIN-NS) — Mount Vernon, Washington
BronxRHIO — Bronx, New York
CORHIO — Colorado
Keystone Health Information Exchange (KeyHIE) — Pennsylvania
Chesapeake Regional Information System for our Patients (CRISP) — Maryland the District of Columbia
Midsouth e-Health Alliance — Memphis-area, Tennessee
HealthLink New York — Hudson Valley, Catskills, and Southern Tier, New York
HEALTHeLINK: Western New York Clinical Information Exchange — Buffalo, New York
Medical and health organizations based in the United States
Health informatics organizations
Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regional%20Health%20Information%20Organization |
Ordu-Baliq (meaning "city of the court", "city of the army"; , ), also known as Mubalik and Karabalghasun, was the capital of the first Uyghur Khaganate. It was built on the site of the former Göktürk imperial capital, 27 km north-to-northwest of the later Mongol capital, Karakorum. Its ruins are known as Kharbalgas in Mongolian, which means "black ruins". They form part of the Orkhon Valley Cultural Landscape World Heritage Site.
Location
Ordu-Baliq is in a grassy plain called the Talal-khain-dala steppe, on the western bank of the Orkhon River in the Khotont sum of the Arkhangai Province, Mongolia, 16 km northeast of the Khotont village, or 30 km north-to-northwest of Kharkhorin. The Orkhon emerges from the gorges of the Khangai Mountains and flows northward to meet the Tuul River, which has on its upper reaches the current capital of Mongolia, Ulan Bator.
A favorable micro-climate makes the location ideal for pasturage, and it lies along the most important east-west route across Mongolia. As a result, the Orkhon Valley was a center of habitation and important political and economic activity long before the birth of Genghis Khan, who made it known to the wider world.
History
In 744, after the defeat of the last Göktürk Kaghan by the Uyghur-Qarluk-Basmyl alliance, the Uyghurs under Bayanchur Khan (Bayan Çor) established their imperial capital Ordu Baliq on the site of the old ördü ("nomadic capital"). Ordu-Baliq flourished until 840, when it was reduced to ruin by the invading Yenisey Kyrgyzes.
The capital occupied at least 32 square kilometers. The ruins of the palace or temple complex laying at coordinates — which include ten-meter-high double clay walls four meters apart, 14 watch towers—eight on the southern side and six on the northern side—two main entrances, one on the east and the other on the west, a twelve-meter-high citadel in the southeast corner and a 14-meter-high stupa in the center — clearly indicate that Ordu Baliq or Urgin Balyq was a large, affluent town.
The urban area has three main parts. The largest and central part consists of numerous buildings surrounded by a continuous wall. Ruins of a large number of temples and houses are found south of the center. The Khan's residential palace, also ringed by walls on all sides, stood in the northeastern part of the town, where Russian archaeologist Nikolay Yadrintsev discovered a green granite monument with a statue of a dragon perched at the top, bearing a runic inscription glorifying the khagans.
Ordu Baliq was a fully fortified commandry and commercial entrepot typical of the central points along the length of the Silk Road. The well-preserved remains now consist of concentric fortified walls and lookout towers, stables, military and commercial stores, and administrative buildings. There are remains of a water drainage system. Archaeologists established that certain areas were allotted for trade and handcrafts, while in the center of the town were palaces and temples, including a monastery. The palace had fortified walls around it and two main gates, north and south, as well as moats filled with water and watchtowers.
The architectural style and planning of the city appear to have close parallels with T'ang Chinese models, although some elements appear to have derived inspiration from elsewhere.
Historical accounts
An ambassador from the Samanid Empire, Tamim ibn Bahr, visited Ordu Baliq in 821 CE and left the only written account of the city. He traveled through uninhabited steppes until he
arrived at the Uighur capital. He described Ordu-Baliq as a great town, "rich in agriculture and surrounded by rustaqs (villages) full of cultivation lying close together. The town had twelve iron gates of huge size. The town was populous and thickly crowded and had markets and various trades." He reported that amongst the townspeople, Manichaeism prevailed.
The most striking detail of his description is the golden yurt or tent on top of the citadel where the khagan held court.
The golden tent was considered the heart of the Uyghur power, gold being the symbol of imperial rule. The presence of a golden tent is confirmed in Chinese historical accounts where the Kirghiz khan was said to have vowed to seize the Uyghurs' golden tent.
Discovery
In 1871, the Russian traveler Paderin was the first European to visit the ruins of the Uighur capital. Only the wall and a tower were in existence, while the streets and ruins outside the wall could be seen at a distance. He was told that the Mongols call it either Kara Balghasun ("black city") or khara-kherem ("black wall"). Paderin's belief that this was the old Mongol capital Karakorum has been shown to be incorrect.
The site was identified as a ruined Uyghur capital by the expedition of Nikolay Yadrintsev in 1889 and two expeditions of the Helsingfors Ugro-Finnish society (1890), followed by that of the Russian Academy of Sciences, under Friedrich Wilhelm Radloff (1891).
See also
Architecture of Mongolia
Khara-Khoto
Por-Bazhyn, a ruined structure on a lake island high in the mountains of southern Tuva, whose lay-out is similar to the palace complex of Karabalgasun
Footnotes
References
Further reading
External links
Uyghur Khaganate
Archaeological sites in Mongolia
Former populated places in Mongolia
Övörkhangai Province | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordu-Baliq |
Alicante Club de Fútbol was a Spanish football team based in Alicante, in the Valencian Community. Founded in 1918, it played its home matches at Estadio Alicante CF, with a 4,000-seat capacity.
History
Alicante Club de Fútbol, under their previous name, were formed in 1918. Five years later, in 1923, the club joined the Valencian Football Federation, with Joaquín Tomás Terol being its first official president.
The team spent the vast majority of its early existence in the Tercera División, whilst also having very brief spells in the second division (1939–40 – as Alicante Football Club – 1951–52 and 1956–58). For eight years in the 60's, the club acted as the feeder team for neighbours Hércules CF.
In the 2000s, the club firmly established itself as one of the third level's strongest sides. However, the team still failed to get promoted, frequently missing promotion via the playoffs, until 2007–08, in which Alicante were finally promoted to the Segunda División. In the same season, the team famously took La Liga powerhouse Real Madrid to task in the fourth round of the Copa del Rey, only losing in 2–3 on aggregate against the team two divisions above.
Facing severe economic problems during the 2008–09 season, Alicante were immediately relegated back to the third division, despite a strong start to the season. The financial situation persisted in the following years and, on 1 July 2011, at the end of 2010–11, the team was relegated to the fourth division after failing to pay its players on time.
In June 2014, Alicante CF was dissolved and replaced by CFI Alicante, who adopted its colors and its logo.
Season to season
As Alicante Club de Fútbol
5 seasons in Segunda División
9 seasons in Segunda División B
45 seasons in Tercera División
Stadium
Alicante held home games at Estadio Alicante CF, inside the Ciudad Deportiva de Villafranqueza, with a 4,000-seat capacity. Previously owned by the club, it was then purchased by the City Hall, and the team held their official matches there since 1979.
However, between 2001 and 2010, Alicante played at the Estadio José Rico Pérez, the home ground of Hércules CF. After returning to the third division, Villafranqueza did not possess the required structures to host games in the category, and the municipal authorities refused to renew them.
Notable former players
See also
Alicante CF B, Alicante CF's reserve team
References
External links
Official website
Futbolme team profile
FFCV team profile
Alicante CF
Association football clubs established in 1918
1918 establishments in Spain
Defunct football clubs in the Valencian Community
Association football clubs disestablished in 2015
Segunda División clubs | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alicante%20CF |
Fabian Ernst (; born 30 May 1979) is a German former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. He was regarded as a two-way player who can stop the opposition and start attacks with his passing from central midfield.
Club career
Born in Hanover, Ernst started his career with hometown club Hannover 96. From 1998 to 2000, he played for Hamburger SV in the Bundesliga, playing in 48 games.
The midfielder moved to Werder Bremen in 2000, where he was a major force in the league helping the club win the double of Bundesliga and DFB-Pokal in the 2003–04 season. In 152 games in the Bundesliga, he scored 11 goals.
He moved to Schalke 04 in summer 2005, spending three and a half years there. He joined Beşiktaş on 2 February 2009, signing a contract which lasted until 2012. In his first season with Beşiktaş he scored two goals. At the end of the season, he was elected "The Best Player Of The Team" by the supporters.
On 16 September 2010, Ernst headed in a last-minute goal against Bulgarian side CSKA Sofia to help his team to a winning start in the group stages of the UEFA Europa League. In the 2012–13 season, he joined Kasımpaşa, another football club headquartered in Istanbul. He was also captain of the team. In June 2013, he announced that he was thinking about retirement.
After a career break from the summer 2013 until the summer 2014, Ernst signed a contract with OSV Hannover although he had bids from other bigger clubs.
International career
In 2002, Ernst played his first international game, representing Germany against Kuwait. Ernst was a member of the German squad at Euro 2004. As of the end of 2007, he had won 24 caps and scored one goal for his country.
After that first season by Schalke 04, he found himself not being selected by his national squad for FIFA World Cup 2006, just like for Euro 2008 and FIFA World Cup 2010.
Managerial career
In July 2020, Beşiktaş J.K. and Ernst announced that their cooperation to establish youth academies across continental Europe, focusing in Germany, Austria, and the Netherlands.
Career statistics
Club
International
Scores and results list Germany's goal tally first, score column indicates score after Ernst goal.
Honours
Werder Bremen
Bundesliga: 2003–04
DFB-Pokal: 2003–04
Schalke 04
DFB-Ligapokal: 2005
Beşiktaş
Süper Lig: 2008–09
Turkish Cup; 2008–09; 2010–11
Individual
2008–09 Golden Team of the Year – Süper Lig
References
External links
1979 births
Living people
German men's footballers
Footballers from Hanover
Men's association football midfielders
Germany men's international footballers
Germany men's B international footballers
Germany men's under-21 international footballers
UEFA Euro 2004 players
2005 FIFA Confederations Cup players
Bundesliga players
Regionalliga players
Süper Lig players
Hannover 96 players
Hamburger SV players
SV Werder Bremen players
FC Schalke 04 players
Beşiktaş J.K. footballers
Kasımpaşa S.K. footballers
German expatriate men's footballers
German expatriate sportspeople in Turkey
Expatriate men's footballers in Turkey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian%20Ernst |
G. Wayne Miller (born June 12, 1954) is an American author, journalist and filmmaker. He is a faculty member at Salve Regina University's Pell Center for International Relations and Public Policy, in Newport, Rhode Island, where he is co-founder and director of the Story in the Public Square program and co-host and co-producer of the national PBS/SiriusXM Radio show by the same name.
Early life
Miller is the last child and only son of the late Roger L. Miller, an airplane mechanic, and Mary M. Miller, a homemaker. He was raised in Wakefield, Massachusetts, where he attended Saint Joseph School. He graduated in 1972 from St. John's Preparatory School in Danvers, Massachusetts, where he was co-editor of his high school newspaper and also co-wrote and published an underground newspaper. Miller graduated cum laude from Harvard College in 1976.
Career
In 1978, Miller became a reporter at The Transcript, a small daily newspaper in North Adams, Massachusetts, now part of The Berkshire Eagle. In 1979, he took a staff writer position at the larger Cape Cod Times in Hyannis, Massachusetts. Since 1981, he has been a staff writer at The Providence Journal. In 1988, he sold his first book, a novel, Thunder Rise (hardcover, 1989; paperback, 1992), first in a trilogy of horror novels, to William Morrow.
Miller's first book of non-fiction, The Work of Human Hands: Hardy Hendren and Surgical Wonder at Children's Hospital, was first published in 1993. It was edited by Jon Karp, then an editor at Random House, and now president and publisher of Simon & Schuster Publishing Group.
Toy Wars: The Epic Struggle Between G.I. Joe, Barbie and the Companies That Make Them, released in 1998, opened Miller's readers to the previously closed doors exposing the inner workings of toy manufacturing giants and Fortune 500 companies Mattel and Hasbro. In 2000, Miller published King of Hearts: The True Story of the Maverick Who Pioneered Open Heart Surgery, an account of the men who created open-heart surgery focusing on Dr. C. Walton Lillehei. The popularity and success of Toy Wars would later lead to the opportunity to write Men and Speed: A Wild Ride Through NASCAR's Breakout Season, in 2002, the result of Miller being granted unprecedented access to Roush Racing (now Roush Fenway Racing) during the 2001 season.
Miller's next book was The Xeno Chronicles: Two Years on the Frontier of Medicine Inside Harvard's Transplant Research Lab. His eighth book, An Uncommon Man: The Life and Times of Senator Claiborne Pell, about the six-term Rhode Island senator best remembered for creating the Pell Grants educational loan program, was published in October 2011. In November 2013, Simon & Schuster published Top Brain, Bottom Brain: Surprising Insights Into How You Think, which Miller coauthored with neuroscientist and psychologist Stephen M. Kosslyn. A revised edition, Top Brain, Bottom Brain: Harnessing the Power of the Four Cognitive Modes, was published in March 2015.
In 2004 Miller was part of a team that was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize for Public Service for their four-part series Fatal Foam, a look at the flammability dangers of household furniture and beds. It was part of the Providence Journals coverage of the devastating Rhode Island nightclub fire that killed 100 people in 2003. Among his other awards is the 2013 Roger Williams Independent Voice Award, presented by the Rhode Island International Film Festival, "to an outstanding artist whose vision promotes tolerance, compassion and understanding. It is named after the founder of Rhode Island, Roger Williams, who established an American tradition of religious freedom and individual liberty that was encoded in The Bill of Rights."He has also received the "Bell of Hope - Mental Health Hero" award from the Mental Health Association of Rhode Island for his coverage of mental-health issues.
Miller has also written the Thunder Rise trilogy of horror novels, Thunder Rise, Asylum, and Summer Place; a fourth horror novel, Drowned: A Different Kind of Zombie Tale; and three collections of horror, mystery and science-fiction short stories.
Miller co-produced and wrote the documentary On the Lake: Life and Love in a Distant Place, released in 2009 and subsequently broadcast on PBS. He also wrote and co-produced Behind the Hedgerow : Eileen Slocum and the Meaning of Newport Society, which premiered in 2010. In 2011, Miller wrote and co-produced The Providence Journals Coming Home, about veterans of the wars in Iraq, which won a regional Edward R. Murrow Award and was nominated for a New England Emmy. The documentary was based on Miller's 16th newspaper series, The War on Terror: Coming Home, which the Providence Journal published in the fall of 2011.
In 2012, Miller became a visiting fellow at Salve Regina University's Pell Center for International Relations and Public Policy in Newport, Rhode Island. He is co-founder and director of the center's Story in the Public Square program. Since September 2018, Story in the Public Square, the multiple Telly Award-winning public television and SiriusXM Satellite Radio weekly program, has been broadcast nationally and is now seen in 87 percent of all U.S. markets with 516 weekly airings. Miller co-hosts and co-produces the show with Pell Center executive director Jim Ludes. The show was the inaugural winner of the Newport Historical Society's History Starts Here Award.
Kid Number One: A story of heart, soul and business, featuring Alan Hassenfeld and Hasbro, was published in September 2019 by Stillwater River Publications, and Blue Hill was published in October 2020 by Crossroad Press. Miller's latest book, Traces of Mary, was published in 2022 by Macabre Ink.
In November 2022, Miller left the Providence Journal after four decades as a staff writer to become director of Ocean State Stories, a new media outlet from Salve Regina University's Pell Center serving all of Rhode Island and the many diverse communities that comprise the state.
Miller's 21st book, Unfit to Print: A Modern Media Satire, will be published on October 10, 2023.
Personal life
Miller is married to Y. T. Gabrielle and is the father of three children. He lives near Providence, Rhode Island, and enjoys time on the New England coast.
Bibliography
Thunder Rise: Book One of the Thunder Rise Trilogy (1989)
The Work of Human Hands: Hardy Hendren and Surgical Wonder at Children's Hospital (1993)
Coming of Age: The True Adventures of Two American Teens (1995)
Toy Wars: The Epic Struggle Between G.I. Joe, Barbie and the Companies That Make Them (1998)
King of Hearts: The True Story of the Maverick Who Pioneered Open Heart Surgery (2000)
Men and Speed: A Wild Ride Through NASCAR's Breakout Season (2002)
The Xeno Chronicles: Two Years on the Frontier of Medicine Inside Harvard's Transplant Research Lab (2005)
An Uncommon Man: The Life and Times of Senator Claiborne Pell (2011)
Since the Sky Blew Off: The Essential G. Wayne Miller Fiction, Vol. 1 (2012)
Asylum: Book Two of the Thunder Rise Trilogy (2013)
Summer Place: Book Three of the Thunder Rise Trilogy (2013)
Vapors: The Essential G. Wayne Miller Fiction, Vol. 2 (2013)
Top Brain, Bottom Brain: Surprising Insights Into How You Think (with Stephen M. Kosslyn, 2013)
The Beach That Summer: The Essential G. Wayne Miller Fiction, Vol. 3 (2014)
Drowned: A Different Kind of Zombie Tale (2015)
Car Crazy: The War for Supremacy Between Ford and Olds and the Dawn of the Automobile Age (2015)
Kid Number One: A Story of Heart, Soul and Business, featuring Alan Hassenfeld and Hasbro (2019)
Blue Hill (2020)
The Growing Season: Frank Beazley and the Meaning of Life (2020)
Traces of Mary (2022)
References
External links
Official website
Living people
1954 births
20th-century American novelists
American male novelists
Harvard University alumni
20th-century American male writers
20th-century American non-fiction writers
American male non-fiction writers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G.%20Wayne%20Miller |
Lars Sederholm is a Swedish-British equestrian trainer. He is a former consultant head of training for the British Showjumping Association.
There have been at least two of Sederholm's pupils at every Olympic, World, and European Championship in horse trials since 1962. He has been involved with the training of teams for the Olympic Games for four nations, has trained international show jumpers, three-day eventers, Grand Prix dressage riders and horses, racehorses, and judges.
For some time, Sederholm was based in Oxfordshire at the Waterstock Horse Training Centre.
References
Show jumping trainers
Dressage trainers
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Swedish male equestrians
Swedish expatriates in the United Kingdom | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lars%20Sederholm |
Darrell Shane Andrews (born August 28, 1971) is a former third baseman in Major League Baseball. He graduated from Carlsbad New Mexico High School in 1990. Andrews began his minor-league career in 1990 with the Gulf Coast Expos. In 1992, he led he South Atlantic League with 25 home runs and 107 walks.
From through , Andrews played for the Montreal Expos (1995–1999), Chicago Cubs (1999–2000) and Boston Red Sox (2002). He batted and threw right-handed. In a seven-season career, Andrews posted a .220 batting average with 86 home runs and 263 RBI in 569 games played.
Andrews currently resides in Carlsbad, New Mexico with his family.
References
External links
Shane Andrews at Baseball Almanac
Shane Andrews at Baseballbiography.com
1971 births
Living people
Albany Polecats players
American expatriate baseball players in Canada
American expatriate baseball players in Mexico
Baseball players from Dallas
Boston Red Sox players
Carlsbad High School (Carlsbad, New Mexico) alumni
Chicago Cubs players
Gulf Coast Expos players
Harrisburg Senators players
Iowa Cubs players
Major League Baseball third basemen
Memphis Redbirds players
Mexican League baseball players
Montreal Expos players
Ottawa Lynx players
Pawtucket Red Sox players
Rochester Red Wings players
Sumter Flyers players
Tuneros de San Luis Potosí players
West Palm Beach Expos players | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shane%20Andrews |
High Spirits is a 1988 fantasy comedy film written and directed by Neil Jordan and starring Steve Guttenberg, Daryl Hannah, Beverly D'Angelo, Liam Neeson and Peter O'Toole. It is an Irish, British and American co-production.
Set in a remote Irish castle called Dromore Castle, County Limerick, High Spirits is a topsy-turvy comedy with thematic leanings towards Ireland's rich folklore regarding ghosts and spirits, where the castle starts to come to life with the help of such denizens.
Plot
Cash-strapped Peter Plunkett has converted his ancestral home, the dilapidated Castle Plunkett, into a bed and breakfast. Owing money to an Irish-American businessman named Brogan, Plunkett attempts to turn the castle into "the most haunted castle in Europe" for the tourist trade. Inspired by his mother's stories about the castle being haunted, he and his wacky Irish staff set about creating ghostly costumes and effects for their first group of American guests.
Initially annoyed by the inept "hauntings", the American guests soon discover that Castle Plunkett's real ghosts have taken umbrage at being cheaply exploited and have staged a full-scale paranormal event.
Two ghosts, Mary Plunkett and Martin Brogan, become romantically entangled with two of the American guests. This romantic twist becomes the main focus of the plot.
Cast
Reception
The film received negative reviews from critics. On Rotten Tomatoes it has a 27% rating based on 15 reviews.
Home media
Scream Factory released the film on Blu-ray Disc in 2015. It was packaged as a double feature with Vampire's Kiss on February 13, 2015.
The film was released on Blu Ray from Final Cut on August 24, 2020 in the UK.
See also
List of ghost films
References
External links
1988 films
1980s fantasy comedy films
1980s ghost films
American fantasy comedy films
American haunted house films
British ghost films
1980s English-language films
English-language Irish films
Films scored by George Fenton
Films directed by Neil Jordan
Films set in castles
Films set in Ireland
British fantasy comedy films
Irish fantasy comedy films
Palace Pictures films
TriStar Pictures films
1988 comedy films
1980s American films
1980s British films
English-language fantasy comedy films | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High%20Spirits%20%28film%29 |
Elle Woods is the protagonist of Amanda Brown's 2001 novel Legally Blonde and the 2001 film of the same name as well as the 2003 sequel, Legally Blonde 2: Red, White and Blonde. Woods is also the protagonist of the 2007 Broadway adaptation of the film. Woods is also the basis of a series of young adult fiction novels by Natalie Standiford. The character is mentioned but not seen in the 2009 direct-to-video sequel, Legally Blondes, which portrays the adventures of her twin British cousins. In 2018, Ariana Grande referenced Elle in several scenes of her "Thank U, Next" music video.
Character history
In the film, Legally Blonde, Woods is a sorority sister living at the Delta Nu House at the fictional California University Los Angeles (CULA) (UCLA in the musical) where she studies in Fashion Merchandising and maintains a 4.0 GPA. Woods' boyfriend, Warner Huntington III, the son of a U.S. congressman, breaks up with her the night she expects him to propose, claiming that he needs "to marry a Jackie, not a Marilyn." Warner is bound for Harvard Law School, and Woods becomes determined to gain admittance to the school to win him back. Once at Harvard, Woods learns that Warner has a new fiancée, Vivian Kensington, who is a member of the same country club as Warner's family. Woods is able to exonerate a sorority sister accused of murder, and decides she does not need Warner. In the film's conclusion, Woods gives the commencement address to the law school class after proving herself and earning the respect of her peers, and beginning a relationship with Emmett Richmond.
In the sequel to the original film, Elle is in the middle of planning her wedding while in line for a promotion at work. She decides to track down the birth mother of her beloved dog, Bruiser, and discovers that she is being used for animal testing. After getting fired for trying to bring up the testing facility, Elle goes to work on Capitol Hill, seeking to advance animal rights. She begins the film with naïve expectations about the motivations of members of Congress, and although these expectations are dashed, she perseveres and succeeds in the passage of the desired animal rights legislation. At the end of the movie, she marries Emmett in Washington, D.C., and is seen looking at the White House when Emmett asks her where she wants to live.
In popular culture
Legally Blonde films
Entertainment Weekly put Woods on its end-of-the-decade "best-of" list, saying, "She's blonde, bubbly and carries a tiny Chihuahua. But despite the inevitable Paris Hilton comparisons, Reese Witherspoon's Legally Blonde dynamo managed to be taken seriously. Case closed!"
Broadway adaptation
Woods has been portrayed by eleven different actresses in different stagings of Legally Blonde - The Musical: Gabby Cinque, Olivia Mezzerina, Bailey Hanks, Sayaka Kanda, Barbara Obermeier and in the West End by Sheridan Smith (who was later replaced by her Legally Blonde co-star Susan McFadden). From July 2011, Carley Stenson took over the role of Elle Woods with Susan McFadden leaving the show.
Further reading
Rodericks, Elizabeth S. "Practical Femininity: The Student Development of Legally Blonde’s Elle Woods." The Graduate Review 7, no. 1 (2022): 24-29.
Wierzbicki, Krysta. "Elle Woods Had It Right All Along: A Short List for Success in the Workplace." Building Your Best Chemistry Career Volume 2: Corporate Perspectives. American Chemical Society, 2020. 89-94.
References
External links
Interview with Carley Stenson - Elle Woods
Characters in American novels of the 21st century
Comedy film characters
Female characters in literature
Female characters in film
Fictional beauty queens
Fictional characters from Los Angeles
Fictional feminists and women's rights activists
Fictional Harvard University people
Fictional American lawyers
Fictional models
Literary characters introduced in 2001
Reese Witherspoon
Legally Blonde (franchise)
Fictional vegan and vegetarian characters
Female characters in musical theatre
Fictional female lawyers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elle%20Woods |
Unió Esportiva Figueres is a Spanish football team based in Figueres, in the autonomous community of Catalonia. Founded in 1919 and refounded in 2007 it plays in the Primera Catalana league, holding home matches at Estadi Municipal de Vilatenim, with a seating capacity of 9,472.
History
Figueres was first founded on April 13, 1919. Bernat Palmer was elected as its first president, and Camp de l’Horta de l’Institut became its first stadium. In 1983 the club first reached Segunda División B, and promoted to Segunda División only three years later, maintaining that status for seven seasons and appearing once in the La Liga promotion playoffs: after finishing third in the regular season, it eventually lost on aggregate to Cádiz CF.
Figueres spent the next fourteen years consolidated in the third level, only now and then vying for promotion. On 27 June 2007 the principal shareholder transferred the club to Castelldefels due to little support of the public, and the side would eventually disappear.
In August 2007 UE Figueres was refounded by minority shareholders, with the team starting playing in the lowest division of Spanish football, Quarta Catalana.
Season to season
7 seasons in Segunda División
17 seasons in Segunda División B
19 seasons in Tercera División
Notes
Team refounded
9 seasons in Tercera División
1 season in Tercera División RFEF
Famous players
Note: this list includes players that have played at least 70 league games and/or have reached international status.
Famous coaches
Pichi Alonso
Francisco
Mané
References
External links
Official website
Futbolme team profile
Club & Stadium history Estadios de España
Football clubs in Catalonia
Association football clubs established in 1919
Association football clubs established in 2007
1919 establishments in Spain
Segunda División clubs | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UE%20Figueres |
For computer graphics, CMOS sensor processing is done in pixel level.
This process includes two general categories: intrapixel processing, where the processing is performed on the individual pixel signals, and interpixel processing, where the processing is performed locally or globally on signals from several pixels. The purpose of interpixel processing is to perform early vision processing, not merely to capture images.
See also
References
Computer graphics | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrapixel%20and%20Interpixel%20processing |
The Arch of Janus is the only quadrifrons triumphal arch preserved in Rome. It was set up in the early 4th century AD at a crossroads at the northeastern limit of the Forum Boarium, close to the Velabrum, over the Cloaca Maxima drain that went from the Forum to the River Tiber.
The significance of the arch is poorly understood: it is thought to have been a boundary marker rather than a triumphal arch. An alternative view is that it was built to provide shelter for the traders at the Forum Boarium cattle market. Some researchers believe it was dedicated to Constantine I or Constantius II and was known as the Arch of the deified Constantine. It is 16 meters high and 12 meters wide; it was originally higher, but the attic storey was removed in 1830 in the erroneous belief it was all medieval.
Its modern name probably dates from the Renaissance or later, and was not used to describe it in classical antiquity. The name is derived from the structure's four-fronted, four-arched configuration. The ancient Roman god Janus (Ianus Quadrifons), was sometimes depicted with four faces and there are Janus-related structures mentioned in historic descriptions of ancient Rome.
Each pier of the arch has two rows of three niches. It seems logical that statues would have filled these 48 niches but none has been identified. The keystone at the apex of the central arch on the north side is thought to depict Minerva, although others believe it may be Palladium.
History
It was built using spolia, i.e. material from earlier buildings, including bricks, together with pottery shards, and was covered with white marble, also from earlier buildings.
In the Middle Ages, the Frangipane family transformed the building into a fortress, and so it survived intact until 1830. Then, the attic and top were torn down because they were erroneously believed to not belong to the original structure. However, there is a staircase within the north-west pier which would have given access to this top floor. Iron pins originally held together the marble blocks but were removed in the Middle Ages, leading to the monument's present pock-marked look. Fragments of the dedicatory inscription are still preserved inside the nearby church of San Giorgio in Velabro.
The arch has not been accessible to the public since the explosion of a bomb in front of San Giorgio in Velabro, on the night of 27 July 1993. It is the one monument of the Forum Boarium that remains unrestored. The Arch of Malborghetto, just outside Rome, also includes the remnants of a former Roman quadrifons arch.
See also
List of Roman triumphal arches
List of ancient monuments in Rome
References
External links
Rome Art Lover
High-resolution 360° Panoramas and Images of Arch of Janus | Art Atlas
The Arch of Janus
https://www.wmf.org/project/arch-janus
Buildings and structures completed in the 4th century
Janus
Rome R. XII Ripa | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arch%20of%20Janus |
Bernhard Caesar Einstein (10 July 1930 – 30 September 2008) was a German-American engineer, the son of Hans Albert Einstein. Of the three known biological grandchildren of Albert Einstein, all sons of Hans, he was the only one to survive childhood.
After attending UC Berkeley and ETH Zurich, Bernard worked as an engineer at several companies and organizations, including Texas Instruments and Litton Industries, receiving numerous patents in electronics.
Early life and family
Bernhard Einstein was the son of Hans Albert Einstein and Frieda Einstein (née Knecht), who had married in 1927 in Switzerland. He was born on 10 July 1930 in Dortmund, Germany, where Hans Albert was involved in a bridge building project. Hans Albert was the only one of Albert Einstein's three children to marry and have children.
Bernhard spent his early years in Switzerland until the age of eight, when his family moved to South Carolina. Albert Einstein was very worried about the rise of Nazi Germany and encouraged his son Hans Albert to emigrate to the United States as he himself had done in 1933. Hans Albert heeded this advice, and moved his family to Greenville, South Carolina, where he was a civil engineer working with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Bernhard spent his teenage years in Pasadena, where his father was a professor at the California Institute of Technology, and in Berkeley.
Bernhard first met his grandfather Albert when he was two years old. As a boy he travelled alone to spend time with Albert in New Jersey, and at Saranac Lake in upstate New York. Albert Einstein died in April 1955. Having shared his love of music with his grandson, he bestowed upon Bernhard his violin in addition to a modest sum of money.
In 1954, Bernhard married Doris Aude Ascher (born 1930), with whom he had five children:
Thomas Martin Einstein (born 1955 in Switzerland)
Paul Michael Einstein (born 1959 in Switzerland)
Eduard Albert "Ted" Einstein (born 1961 in Dallas, Texas)
Mira Einstein-Yehieli (born 1965 in the US)
Charles Quincy Ascher "Charly" Einstein (born 1971 in the US)
Education and career
Einstein excelled only in German at the University of California at Berkeley. He enlisted in the US Army in 1954, and finished basic training at Fort Ord, near Monterey, California. He was stationed in southern Germany where he met his first wife, Doris Aude Ascher, whom he married in 1954. After discharge he applied and was admitted to Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zürich, Switzerland. He followed in his grandfather's and father's footsteps to study physics at the ETH.
When he obtained his diploma at ETH, Einstein returned to the United States and worked as an engineer for Texas Instruments in Dallas, Texas.
Einstein then moved to California and worked at Litton Industries in the San Francisco Bay Area. His area of expertise was electron tube technology, and specifically light amplification devices for night vision. He filed and obtained four U.S. patents related to light amplification technology while he worked for Litton Industries. In 1974 Bernard moved back to Switzerland and worked in laser technology at the Swiss Army Research Lab in Thun, obtaining a further US patent.
References
1930 births
2008 deaths
20th-century American physicists
20th-century American engineers
Bernard
American people of German-Jewish descent
American people of Serbian descent
Swiss emigrants to the United States
United States Army soldiers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernhard%20Caesar%20Einstein |
A virtual keyboard is a software component that allows the input of characters without the need for physical keys. The interaction with the virtual keyboard happens mostly via a touchscreen interface, but can also take place in a different form in virtual or augmented reality.
Types
On a desktop computer, a virtual keyboard might provide an alternative input mechanism for users with disabilities who cannot use a conventional keyboard, for bi- or multi-lingual users who switch frequently between different character sets or alphabets, which may be confusing over time, or for users who are lacking a traditional keyboard. Although hardware keyboards are available with dual keyboard layouts (e.g. Cyrillic/Latin letters in various national layouts), the on-screen keyboard provides a handy substitute while working at different stations or on laptops, which seldom come with dual layouts.
Virtual keyboards can be categorized by the following aspects:
Virtual keyboards with touchscreen keyboard layouts or sensing areas
Character variants, punctuation, and other special characters accessible through a menu and through holding buttons
Keyboard software may include a number pad feature to facilitate typing numbers.
Optically projected keyboard layouts or similar arrangements of "keys" or sensing areas
Optically detected human hand and finger motions
Online virtual keyboards for multiple languages that don't require OS settings change
Depending on which device the keyboard is used (desktop / mobile / virtual reality / augmented reality)
On the Internet, various JavaScript virtual keyboards have been created, allowing users to type their own languages on foreign keyboards, particularly in Internet cafes. Multitouch screens allow the possibility to create virtual chorded keyboards for tablet computers, touchscreens, touchpads and wired gloves.
Mobile devices
Virtual keyboards are commonly used as an on-screen input method in devices with no physical keyboard, where there is no room for one, such as a pocket computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), tablet computer or touchscreen-equipped mobile phone. Text is commonly inputted either by tapping a virtual keyboard or finger-tracing. Virtual keyboards are also used as features of emulation software for systems that have fewer buttons than a computer keyboard would have.
Historical development
PDA
The four main approaches to enter text into a PDA were: virtual keyboards operated by a stylus, external USB keyboards, handwritten keyboards, and stroke recognition. Many early PDAs were not primarily focused on virtual keyboards. Microsoft's mobile operating system approach was to simulate a complete functional keyboard, which resulted in a slightly overloaded keyboard layout. The main problem that early PDAs faced was support for multi-touch technology, and as a result, usability problems for the user.
First iPhone
When Apple presented the first iPhone in 2007, the decision not to include a physical keyboard was seen as a detriment to the device. But Apple brought the multi-touch technology into their new device, which enabled them to overcome the usability problems of PDAs. Apple's virtual keyboard design pattern has become a standard on mobile devices today.
Implementation and use
Both most common mobile operating systems, Android and iOS, give the developer community the possibility to individually develop custom virtual keyboards.
Android
The Android SDK provides a so-called InputMethodService. This service provides a standard implementation of an input method, which final implementations can derive from and customize, enabling the Android development community to implement their own keyboard layouts. The InputMethodService ships with it on Keyboard View. While the InputMethod Service can be used to customize key and gesture inputs, the Keyboard Class loads an XML description of a keyboard and stores the attributes of the keys.
As a result, it is possible to install different keyboard versions on an Android device, and that the keyboard is only an application, most frequently downloaded among them being Gboard and SwiftKey; a simple activation over the Android settings menu is possible.
iOS
Apple also provides the possibility for the community to develop custom keyboards, but does not give any access to the dictionary or general keyboard settings. Further iOS is automatically switching between system and custom keyboards, if the user enters text into the text input field.
The UIInputViewController is the primary view controller for a custom keyboard app extension. This controller provides different methods for the implementation of a custom keyboard, such as a user interface for a custom keyboard, obtaining a supplementary lexicon or changing the primary language of a custom keyboard.
Text entry performance
Next to the classic virtual keyboard implementation Android, iOS and custom keyboards, such as SwiftKey for example, are providing different features to improve the usability and the efficiency of their keyboards.
Autocorrection and spelling checker
The Android platform offers a spelling checker framework that offers the possibility to implement and access spell checking in the application itself. The framework is one of the Text Service APIs offered by the Android platform. Based on provided text, the session object returns spelling suggestions generated by the spelling checker.
iOS is using the class UITextChecker, an object used to check a string (usually the text of a document) for misspelled words, commonly known as Apple's autocorrection. UITextChecker spell-checks are using a lexicon for a given language. It can be told to ignore specific words when spell-checking a particular document and it can learn new words, which adds those words to the lexicon.
Users may be able to add a custom dictionary of whitelisted terms that are treated by auto correction as usual words, and specify "aliases" or "text shortcuts", where entering a specified text string causes it to get replaced with a target text string, or the target text string appears as suggestion. The former means they are not replaced with other terms but may be corrected to from other terms. It may be possible to exclude unwanted existing suggestions.
Word suggestions
Diverse scientific papers at the beginning of the 2000s showed even before the invention of smart phones, that predicting words, based on what the user is typing, is very helpful to increase the typing speed. At the beginning of development of this keyboard feature, prediction was mainly based on static dictionaries. Google implemented the predicting method in 2013 in Android 4.4. This development was mainly driven by third party keyboard providers, such as SwiftKey and Swype. Both provide powerful word search engine with corresponding databases. In 2014 Apple presented iOS 8 which includes a new predictive typing feature called QuickType, which displays word predictions above the keyboard as the user types.
Gesture typing
iOS and Android allow developers to replace its keyboard with their own keyboard apps. This has led to experimentation and new features, like the gesture-typing feature that's made its way into Android's official keyboard after proving itself in third-party keyboards. Research by Google itself confirmed that gesture-typing is increasing the typing rate by 22% and is decreasing the error rate near to 0%. Google further showed that the gesture-typing method is also useful on smart watches. Their scientific research is primarily based on research made by I. Scott MacKenzie and papers about modeling finger touch with fitts' law.
Haptic feedback
Haptic feedback provides for tactile confirmation that a key has been successfully triggered i.e. the user hears and feels a "click" as a key is pressed. Utilising hysteresis, the feel of a physical key can be emulated to an even greater degree. In this case, there is an initial "click" that is heard and felt as the virtual key is pressed down, but then as finger pressure is reduced once the key is triggered, there is a further "unclick" sound and sensation as if a physical key is respringing back to its original unclicked state. This behaviour is explained in Aleks Oniszczak & Scott Mackenzie's 2004 paper "A Comparison of Two Input Methods for Keypads on Mobile Devices" which first introduced haptic feedback with hysteresis on a virtual keyboard.
Special keyboard types
Keyboards are needed in different digital areas. Not only smartphones need a virtual keyboards, also devices which create virtual worlds, for example virtual reality or augmented reality glasses, need to provide text input possibilities.
Optical virtual keyboard
An optical virtual keyboard was invented and patented by IBM engineers in 1992. It optically detects and analyses human hand and finger motions and interprets them as operations on a physically non-existent input device like a surface having painted keys. In that way it allows to emulate unlimited types of manually operated input devices such as a mouse or keyboard. All mechanical input units can be replaced by such virtual devices, optimized for the current application and for the user's physiology maintaining speed, simplicity and unambiguity of manual data input.
Augmented reality keyboards
The basic idea of a virtual keyboard in an augmented reality environment is to give the user a text input possibility. A common approach is to render a flat keyboard into the augmented reality, e.g. using the Unity TouchScreenKeyboard. The Microsoft HoloLens enables the user to point at letters on the keyboard by moving his head.
Another approach was researched by the Korean KJIST U-VR Lab in 2003. Their suggestion was to use wearables to track the finger motion to replace a physical keyboards with virtual ones. They also tried to give an audiovisual feedback to the user, when a key got hit. The basic idea was to give the user a more natural way to enter text, based on what he is used to.
The Magic Leap 1 from Magic Leap implements a virtual keyboard with augmented reality.
Virtual reality keyboards
The challenges, as in augmented reality, is to give the user the possibility to enter text in a completely virtual environment. One big issue is that most augmented reality systems on the market are not tracking the hands of the user. So many available system provide the possibility to point at letters.
In September 2016, Google released a virtual keyboard app for their Daydream virtual reality headset. To enter text, the user can point at specific letters with the Daydream controller.
In February 2017, Logitech presented experimental approach to bring their keyboards into the virtual environment. With the Vive Tracker and the Logitech G gaming keyboard it is possible to exactly track every finger movement, without wearing any type of glove. 50 of such packages were send to exclusive developers, enabling them, in combination of Logitech's BRIDGE developers kit, to test and experiment with the new technology.
Security considerations
Virtual keyboards may be used in some cases to reduce the risk of keystroke logging. For example, Westpac's online banking service uses a virtual keyboard for the password entry, as does TreasuryDirect (see picture). It is more difficult for malware to monitor the display and mouse to obtain the data entered via the virtual keyboard, than it is to monitor real keystrokes. However it is possible, for example by recording screenshots at regular intervals or upon each mouse click.
The use of an on-screen keyboard on which the user "types" with mouse clicks can increase the risk of password disclosure by shoulder surfing, because:
An observer can typically watch the screen more easily (and less suspiciously) than the keyboard, and see which characters the mouse moves to.
Some implementations of the on-screen keyboard may give visual feedback of the "key" clicked, e.g. by changing its colour briefly. This makes it much easier for an observer to read the data from the screen. In the worst case, the implementation may leave the focus on the most recently clicked "key" until the next virtual key is clicked, thus allowing the observer time to read each character even after the mouse starts moving to the next character.
A user may not be able to "point and click" as fast as they could type on a keyboard, thus making it easier for the observer.
See also
Caldera SoftKeyboards (1997)
Ease of Access
Finger Touching Cell Phone
Input method
Mouse keys
Multi-touch
Notes
External links
Assistive technology
Computer keyboard types
Pointing-device text input
Touch user interfaces | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual%20keyboard |
The Karen Demirchyan Yerevan Subway (, Karen Demirchyani anvan Yerevani metropoliten; since December 1999), colloquially known as the Yerevan Metro (), is a rapid transit system that serves the capital of Armenia, Yerevan. Opened on 7 March 1981, it was the eighth metro system in the former Soviet Union. Owned by the government, it is operated by the Karen Demirchyan Yerevan Subway CJSC of the Ministry of Transport and Communication.
Unlike most former Soviet rapid transit systems, its stations are not very deep: there are two stations above ground, one sub-surface, and the remaining stations are considered deep-level. However, these stations are quite shallow, averaging a depth of only below the surface. Only three stations are deeper than : Marshal Baghramyan (approximately ), Barekamutyun (approximately ) and Yeritasardakan (approximately ). Stations are intricately decorated with national motifs. The metro runs along of track, and currently serves ten active stations.
History
Yerevan, the capital of Armenia, experienced substantial growth during the postwar period when it was the capital of the Armenian SSR. Due to the city's very uneven landscape, only an underground system could meet all of the criteria to efficiently move large numbers of people around the city. The first plans for a rapid transit system began to be formed in the late 1960s, under the auspices of Anton Kochinyan, then the first secretary of the Communist Party of Armenia. Initially, this was centred on a rapid tram system, rather than a full underground metro system. During this time, the Soviet City Engineering Planning Department clearly stated that a metro system would only be awarded to cities with more than a population of one million, which Yerevan lacked at the start of construction (1972). Nevertheless, all of the tunnels in which the tram lines were to be installed were built to a design that would have allowed a potential conversion into a full underground metro system.
By the end of 1978 over of tunnels were already bored through, when the plans were redesigned so that the system would be opened as a full underground metro (although to avoid extra bureaucratic measures the system continued to be officially called a "rapid tram" right up until its opening).
On 7 March 1981, the system was opened, becoming the eighth Soviet metro system, with the first four-station stage of . Since then, the system has grown to a , ten-station network.
The engineering work was of such high quality that during the 1988 Armenian earthquake the metro managed to withstand the earthquake which paralyzed the whole republic and continued to operate the next day with only minor damage. However, this did put an end to most of the extension projects as finances were diverted to the reconstruction of the destroyed infrastructure elsewhere in Yerevan and Armenia.
On 28 December 1999, the metro was named after Karen Demirchyan, the man who was responsible for changing the status of the rapid tram system into becoming a metro system, after he was killed two months earlier in a terrorist attack on the Armenian parliament.
Timeline
Name changes
Following the dissolution of the USSR and the independence of Armenia, three stations saw their names changed in 1992. A fourth station had been renamed ten years before, to honour Ivan Khristoforovich Bagramyan, a Soviet military commander of Armenian origin, after his death.
Facts and numbers
Today the metro operates as a single line, with a separate shuttle service on the Shengavit-Charbakh branch, and covers , with trains running every five minutes from 6:30 a.m. to 11 p.m. It served about 60,000 passengers per day before a fare increase, In 2012, 14.9 million passengers rode the metro. but ridership fell by almost 20% to 50,000 passengers per day after the doubling of the fare. The system employs about 1,200 workers. A peculiar feature of the metro is that the digital timers/clocks count up, i.e. they reset to "00:00" when a train departs, and keep counting up until the next train leaves. Passengers must be aware that trains, in general, arrive/depart every 5 minutes or so.
Due to Yerevan's uneven landscape, the metro in some cases goes above ground. Of the ten stations; seven are underground of which one is a single-vault shallow level, and the rest are pylon deep-level stations. Continuing the tradition of all ex-Soviet underground systems, most of the stations are exquisitely decorated, often blending Armenian national motifs with late-Soviet architecture.
When the system opened it initially had no depot, and service bays in the reversal sidings were used to make minor repairs instead. The proper depot Charbakh was opened in 1985 as part of the second extension. In the early 1990s, the metro system had a total of 70 cars (all of them Metrovagonmash 81-717/81-714 models) forming approximately 12 three-carriage trains. However, since then the intermediate carriages were sold to the Moscow and Saint-Petersburg systems in return for overhaul repairs on the driving cars (which Charbakh has no facility or apparatus to perform).
In 2000–2001, for economic reasons, all of the intermediate 81-714 carriages stopped operating and the system currently has only 13 81-717 two-carriage trains running, (12 on the main line, one on the shuttle service).
The annual budget for Yerevan Metro in 2002 was 1 billion 440 million drams (about $2.5 million). Of this amount, about 800 million drams were financed by the State. The rest of the budget was allocated from ticket costs, trade and advertisement. A ride on the Yerevan Metro currently costs 100 drams (about 25 cents).
In 2012–2014 81-717 carriages were refurbished. After the refurbishment trains were given the same exterior and interior as the 81-71M trains in Prague.
The modernization was carried out by the Tbilisi ZREPS, the same factory that modernizes Tbilisi cars, and modernized them into the type 81-717M.
Plans
Despite the optimism of the growing city (which did reach one million in 1986), today the Metro is underfunded and does not form the main transport artery of the city. It has had practically no extensions since 1989 (albeit a small shuttle service to a single-platform station in Charbakh). In the city budget, which is still having to make provisions for the repair of the damage done in the horrendous 1988 earthquake, the metro lacks priority. The next extension will be to the Achapnyak and Nazarbekyan stations (the construction of which has been frozen since the early 1990s).
Moreover, since the Metro did not manage to connect the important residential districts before the earthquake and the economic crises that took place following the nation's declaration of independence, minibus routes have taken over as the backbone of Yerevan's urban transport, often doubling the Metro routes. In 2004, the annual ridership numbers were 12.1 million. This trend, however, has reversed in recent years as the city's congested road arteries have encouraged commuters to see the metro as a quick, clean and affordable transit alternative. As of 2016, the annual ridership of the metro had increased to 15.4 million annual passengers. By 2017, the annual ridership increased to 16.2 million passengers. By 2019, ridership further increased to 20.2 million annual passengers.
Although the current building progress is distant, there are plans for a second and third line to eventually open, forming a typical Soviet triangle design layout of six radii, intersecting in the city centre. It was reported in March 2013 that city officials were approaching banks to seek loans for an expansion of the Yerevan Metro system. In 2018, Armen Gularyan the deputy chairman of Armenia's Urban Development Committee discussed the possibility of constructing another subway station on the already existing line. This proposed stop, between the Sasuntsi David and Andranik stations, would offer direct access to the Surmalu and Petak shopping malls. It is unclear whether this proposal will be included in the new metro extension plan.
On 15 May 2019, the chief architect of Yerevan confirmed that plans are now underway to begin the expansion of the Yerevan metro. He expressed hope that the design works of the new subway station in the Ajapnyak District will be completed shortly and that construction works will launch in early 2020. Also in 2019, the Mayor of Yerevan Hayk Marutyan announced that the preliminary stages have begun to extend the metro northward to Davtashen District.
Renovation
The Yerevan Metro was thoroughly renovated for the first time since its founding 30 years ago, with funds of about $41 million allotted by the European Union. A drainage system construction, one of the preconditions for the underground's security will be done first. Additionally, with the assistance of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, tunnels were upgraded, metro cars were renovated and new logistical equipment was installed. The renovation was fully finished by 2012.
Tokens
Rather than tickets, passengers are sold tokens, which are then used to operate turnstiles to reach station platforms. The orange plastic tokens issued since 2009 depict the metro's logo on one side and the city's statue of David of Sassoun on the other.
Network map
See also
List of metro systems
Transport in Armenia
Trolleybuses in Yerevan
References
External links
Transport in Yerevan
Buildings and structures in Yerevan
Underground rapid transit in Armenia
Railway lines opened in 1981
825 V DC railway electrification
Rapid transit in Armenia
1981 establishments in Armenia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yerevan%20Metro |
Ephraim Vega (born December 2, 1976) is a Puerto Rican American professional wrestler and is best known for his work in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling, under the ring name Machete, and internationally under the name Ricky Vega. Vega was a standout high school football star, and was named to All-Section, All-conference, and All-county 1st teams in his junior and senior years. A knee injury prevented Vega from playing college football; however, he did go on to have a successful career in the insurance business before deciding to pursue a wrestling career. Vega currently works in public safety and as a corporate security advisor.
Professional wrestling career
Total Nonstop Action Wrestling
In February 2006 at Against All Odds, Vega debuted in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) as "Machete", replacing Apollo as a member of The Latin American Xchange (LAX). The LAX lost the match to The James Gang (B.G. James and Kip James) when B.G. pinned Machete. LAX went on to defeat "La Migra" on Impact! and interfere in James Gang matches until the feud came to a head when LAX faced The James Gang in a rematch at Destination X on March 12 but lost after Machete was pinned by Kip.
Machete made his return to TNA on the February 15, 2007 episode of Impact! pushing Konnan, who at that time was using a wheelchair due to hip surgery, to the ring for LAX's tag team match against Shark Boy and Norman Smiley. Machete would play a major role in keeping LAX Tag Champions by interfering first at Against All Odds then again at Destination X in matches against Team 3D. Later at an Impact! taping, he assisted Homicide in defeating Scott Steiner and Brother Devon in a three-way tag match. Vega would also keep Voodoo Kin Mafia (formerly The James Gang) from winning the belts on Impact! by again interjecting himself in the match. Vega was also involved in the Belting Pot match between Team 3D and LAX, which would turn into a gang scuffle between LAX Latino Nation members and Brother Ray's Italian Brotherhood. He would work as LAX's enforcer for a brief time before deciding to take an offer from the IWA in Puerto Rico.
Independent career
Ricky Vega began his independent wrestling career working for teacher Johnny Rodz and his World of Unpredictable Wrestling (WUW) company in Brooklyn, New York. Vega would capture his first title while wrestling for WUW and won its annual Rumble in Dumbo-battle royal. The object is to throw all of your opponents over the top rope and be the last man standing consisting of 20 to 50 wrestlers in the ring at a time. His North American title reign was short lived however after Rodz found that Vega had begun working in the Pennsylvania independent circuit without his approval. The pair would work things out and Vega began working for Pro-Pain Pro Wrestling under owners Jasmin St. Claire and The Blue Meanie.
Vega also began working shows for Afa's World Xtreme Wrestling (WXW) around the time he began his stint in 3PW. Vega wrestled against such notables as Samu, D-Ray 3000 and Matt Striker. Vega was also exposed to his first taste of television exposure in the Northeast.
Dynamite Championship Wrestling
Vega made his way to Dynamite Championship Wrestling in August 2006. He debuted by defeating Viper. With the win he earned an immediate Heavyweight title match due to Hector Guerrero vacating the championship. He would go on to defeat Matt Bentley and become champion. Vega was later stripped of the championship and the title held vacant setting the stage for a title tournament. Vega would defeat Bobby Barretta and JB Cool to move into the finals against Glacier. Vega and Glacier had developed a friendship in DCW saving each other on past events. The match seemed to be competitive and fair until Don Kiko Cabana came down to ring side and assisted Vega in regaining the title. Vega would go on to feud with Glacier for the better part of that year, until it all came to a head when they faced off in a Lumberjack match. Vega would again defeat Glacier thanks to Benny Blanco and Simon Sez, the latter who which became commissioner. Vega would go on to successfully defend his title against D-Von Dudley of the Dudley Boyz with the help of Bill DeMott, which set up grudge match with the Dudley Boyz facing off against Vega and Demott. The match would prove to be Demott's retirement match, and Team 3D prevailed by putting Vega through a table.
Coastal Championship Wrestling
Vega worked on again off again for the Coastal Championship Wrestling (CCW) company in Miami from 2005 through 2007. Some of his highlights included a pair of victories over Shane Mclain and wins over Preston James, Bruno Sassi, and a West Miami battle royale. Other highlights include match of the year candidate for a triple threat match featuring Kahagas and Jerry Lynn as well as a CCW championship loss to Shawn Murphy. Vega traveled and worked with CCW in Coral Springs, Ocoee, West Miami and Cocoa Beach.
National Wrestling Alliance
Ricky Vega began his stint with the National Wrestling Alliance in Las Vegas, Nevada at the Orleans Hotel and Casino in fantastic fashion. He defeated Cassidy O'Brien in record-breaking fashion. His thirty-second destruction of O'Brien stands as the quickest victory in the company's storied history. Later Vega earned the honor of wrestling at the Philips Arena in a tribute show to Ric Flair for his induction into the NWA Hall of Fame. During this time Vega also began teaming with Glamour Boy Shane in their run for the IWA tag titles, eventual split and rivalry with one another in Puerto Rico.
Federation X Entertainment
Federation X Entertainment, also known as FXE, began running shows in Orlando, Florida after a very successful run as a wrestling school once headed by Devon Dudley, Matt Bentley and AJ Galant. Ricky Vega trained many of Florida's independent stars of today and helped mold them with the launch of FXE's Crush Live shows.
International Wrestling Association
On August 17, 2007, Vega signed on with International Wrestling Association (IWA) in Puerto Rico. Vega won his debut match and went on to defeat Ricky Cruzz and El Bacano. During an IWA and National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) inter-promotional show, Rob Conway interfered in a match between Glamour Boy Shane and Billy Kidman, prompting Vega to come out to save Shane. This marked the formation of The RS Express tag team, which consisted of Shane and Vega. The RS Express debuted against the IWA World Tag Team Champions The Naturals Chase Stevens and Andy Douglas but lost the match by disqualification after The Star Revolution Corporation and Los Aerios, two other teams contending for the tag team titles, interfered. The RS Express received a rematch on Total Impact, the IWA's television show, which ended in another disqualification after Douglas hit Vega with the championship belt. In another rematch, Douglas hit Shane with the championship belt, but the referee was distracted by Orlando Toledo, the manager of The Naturals, and so was not disqualified. This resulted in The RS Express challenging The Naturals to a hardcore street fight for the tag team championship belts; however, The Naturals prevailed again due to outside interference from Tim Arson. As a result, a four corners tag team elimination match was booked between The Naturals, The RS Express, Blitz and Chicano, and Tim Arson and Big Vito, with the winner going to Las Vegas to challenge the NWA World Tag Team Champions. The RS Express were eliminated when Arson hit Vega with a fire extinguisher, allowing Douglas to get the pin on Vega. This incident set the stage for a feud between Vega and Arson. Their first match ended in victory for Arson; however, Vega won a rematch setting up a third and final encounter. Vega ended the feud by defeating Arson.
In the middle of a feud between Germán Figueroa and Savio Vega, tensions between Savio and his cousin Ricky Vega began to rise due to Savio's erratic behavior. During a no disqualification match between Savio and Apolo, Vega attempted to stop Savio from further assaulting Apolo, as did the IWA World Heavyweight Champion, Blitz. Savio refused to listen to them and when Blitz turned to seek further assistance from Ricky, he was attacked by the latter thus forming an alliance between the Vega cousins. Both Savio and Ricky took turns assaulting Apolo and Blitz while the rest of their newly formed faction came down to ringside. Ricky's tag team partner Shane attempted to stop the beating but was attacked by the faction, referred to as "Los Autenticos." Ricky later blamed Shane for costing him the opportunity to win the tag team titles and the former teammates began a historic feud.
In their first match, Ricky defeated Shane in front of a packed crowd at Histeria Boricua. In the rematch, which was billed as a Puerto Rican Street fight, Vega again came out victorious, and earned a shot at the Undisputed World Heavyweight Championship; however, the match was not a singles match, but a five-way dance, also featuring Blitz the defending champion, Shane, Mr. Big from the World Wrestling Council and Bison Smith, who was representing Japan. The five-way dance occurred after a title unification match between Blitz (IWA World Heavyweight Champion) and Big (World Wrestling Council World Champion). Blitz defeated Big becoming the first ever Undisputed World Champion in the history of Puerto Rico. The unified title was renamed the IWA Undisputed World Heavyweight Championship.
Prior to the match, Ricky Vega began referring to himself as The Alpha Omega, claiming that the wrestling business began with and ended with him. Ricky won the match, and the Undisputed World Championship by pinning Blitz. He went on to successfully defend the title against Shane Sewell, Germán Figueroa, Ray González, Miguel Perez and Freddie "Blitz" Lozada among others.
In April 2008, an ownership dispute between Mario Savoldi and Savio Vega halted promotional events and the company stopped running shows. Savio was eventually awarded the company and its assets after court proceedings. IWA returned to television in May 2008, and a tournament was held for a new IWA Champion. The final match was between Blitz and Chicano; however, Ricky Vega returned to the IWA with the title in tow. It was reported Ricky had been on the side of Savoldi in his dispute with Savio, which was why the tournament had been set up. Despite this, Ricky was entered into the tournament final, making the match a three-way dance. Ricky was knocked out of the match by special guest referee Savio Vega, but later returned wearing a referee shirt of his own after Savio was knocked out by Blitz. Ricky counted out Chicano, making Blitz the new champion.
Ricky then aligned himself with Blitz and La Rabia and challenged Savio for his RXW World Heavyweight Championship. Ricky defeated Savio in a non-title match but lost the championship rematch after Savio hired a referee to ensure his win. After the match, Ricky was given an emotional send off by fans perhaps sensing the end was near for high level wrestling in Puerto Rico with fewer opportunities for the company to import top notch American talent. During his time with the IWA, Ricky was recognized as the Undisputed Champion of Puerto Rico, wrestler of the year and was elected as the best wrestler in Latin America during his reign.
Championships and accomplishments
Dynamite Championship Wrestling
DCW Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
International Wrestling Association
IWA World Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
Pro Wrestling Illustrated
PWI ranked Vega as one of the world's best singles wrestlers of the PWI 500 from 2005 through 2009.
World of Unpredictable Wrestling
WUW North American Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
See also
Professional wrestling in Puerto Rico
References
External links
Ricky Vega at Cagematch.de
Ricky Vega at Online World of Wrestling
1976 births
Living people
Entertainers from the Bronx
American people of Puerto Rican descent
American male professional wrestlers
Puerto Rican male professional wrestlers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricky%20Vega |
Ski Martock is a ski resort located near Windsor, Nova Scotia, Canada. The facilities feature a downhill area served by a quad chair lift and two T-bars(one functional), a beginners area served by Magic Carpet.
The hill features a terrain park for snowboarding and freeskiing. It is the second largest ski hill in Nova Scotia, second only to Ski Wentworth.
Martock is the closest downhill ski area to the Halifax Regional Municipality, Atlantic Canada's largest city, being roughly a 45-minute drive away. During the 2011 Canada Winter Games, it hosted the cross country skiing events.
Trails
Lifts
Ski Martock has 1 Quad Chairlift , 1 T-Bar, and 1 Magic Carpet lift for the bunny hill, all which are operational.
See also
List of ski areas and resorts in Canada
References
External links
Official website of the resort
Martock
Tourist attractions in Hants County, Nova Scotia
2011 Canada Winter Games
Buildings and structures in Hants County, Nova Scotia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ski%20Martock |
A Spolia (Latin: 'spoils'; sing. spolium) is a stone taken from an old structure and repurposed for new construction or decorative purposes. It is the result of an ancient and widespread practice whereby stone that has been quarried, cut and used in a built structure is carried away to be used elsewhere. The practice is of particular interest to historians, archaeologists and architectural historians since the gravestones, monuments and architectural fragments of antiquity are frequently found embedded in structures built centuries or millennia later. The archaeologist Philip A. Barker gives the example of a late Roman period (probably 1st-century) tombstone from Wroxeter that could be seen to have been cut down and undergone weathering while it was in use as part of an exterior wall and, possibly as late as the 5th century, reinscribed for reuse as a tombstone.
Overview
The practice was common in late antiquity. Entire obsolete structures, including underground foundations, are known to have been demolished to enable the construction of new structures. According to Baxter, two churches in Worcester (one 7th century and one 10th) are thought to have been deconstructed so that their building stone could be repurposed by St. Wulstan to construct a cathedral in 1084. And the parish churches of Atcham, Wroxeter, and Upton Magna are largely built of stone taken from the buildings of Viroconium Cornoviorum.
Roman examples include the Arch of Janus, the earlier imperial reliefs reused on the Arch of Constantine, the colonnade of Old Saint Peter's Basilica; examples in Byzantine territories include the exterior sculpture on the Panagia Gorgoepikoos church in Athens); in the medieval West Roman tiles were reused in St Albans Cathedral, in much of the medieval architecture of Colchester, porphyry columns in the Palatine Chapel in Aachen, and the colonnade of the basilica of Santa Maria in Trastevere. Spolia in the medieval Islamic world include the columns in the hypostyle mosques of Kairouan, Gaza and Cordoba. Although the modern literature on spolia is primarily concerned with these and other medieval examples, the practice is common and there is probably no period of art history in which evidence for "spoliation" could not be found.
Interpretations of spolia generally alternate between the "ideological" and the "pragmatic." Ideological readings might describe the re-use of art and architectural elements from former empires or dynasties as triumphant (that is, literally as the display of "spoils" or "booty" of the conquered) or as revivalist (proclaiming the renovation of past imperial glories). Pragmatic readings emphasize the utility of re-used materials: if there is a good supply of old marble columns available, for example, there is no need to produce new ones. The two approaches are not mutually exclusive, and there is certainly no one approach that can account for all instances of spoliation, as each instance must be evaluated within its particular historical context.
Spolia had apotropaic spiritual value. Clive Foss has noted that in the 5th century crosses were inscribed on the stones of pagan buildings, as at Ankara, where crosses were inscribed on the walls of the Temple of Augustus and Rome. Foss suggests that the purpose of this was to ward off the daimones that lurked in stones that had been consecrated to pagan usage. Liz James extends Foss's observation in noting that statues, laid on their sides and facing outwards, were carefully incorporated in Ankara's city walls in the 7th century, at a time when spolia were also being built into city walls in Miletus, Sardis, Ephesus and Pergamum: "laying a statue on its side places it and the power it represents under control. It is a way of acquiring the power of rival gods for one's own benefit," James observes. "Inscribing a cross works similarly, sealing the object for Christian purposes".
There has been considerable controversy over the use of Jewish gravestones as pavement materials in several Eastern European countries during and after the Holocaust, as well as by Jordan during their rule over East Jerusalem.
Gallery
See also
Crisis of the 3rd Century
Roman Empire#Tetrarchy (285–324) and Constantine the Great (324-337)
Dominate
Palimpsest, the practice of erasing old texts from scarce old vellum to write new text
Diocletian's Palace, a Roman Imperial palace in Split, re-purposed by later inhabitants as a town
Slighting
References
Further reading
There is a large modern literature on spolia, and the following list makes no claim to be comprehensive.
J. Alchermes, "Spolia in Roman Cities of the Late Empire: Legislative Rationales and Architectural Reuse," Dumbarton Oaks Papers 48 (1994), 167–78.
S. Bassett, The urban image of late antique Constantinople (Cambridge, 2004).
L. Bosman, The power of tradition: Spolia in the architecture of St. Peter's in the Vatican (Hilversum, 2004).
B. Brenk, "Spolia from Constantine to Charlemagne: Aesthetics versus Ideology," Dumbarton Oaks Papers 41 (1987), 103–09.
B. Brenk, "Sugers Spolien," Arte Medievale 1 (1983), 101–107.
R. Brilliant, "I piedistalli del giardino di Boboli: spolia in se, spolia in re," Prospettiva 31 (1982), 2–17.
C. Bruzelius, "Columpnas marmoreas et lapides antiquarum ecclesiarum: The Use of Spolia in the Churches of Charles II of Anjou," in Arte d'Occidente: temi e metodi. Studi in onore di Angiola Maria Romanini (Rome, 1999), 187–95.
F.W. Deichmann, Die Spolien in der spätantike Architektur (Munich, 1975).
J. Elsner, "From the Culture of Spolia to the Cult of Relics: The Arch of Constantine and the Genesis of Late Antique Forms," Papers of the British School at Rome 68 (2000), 149–84.
A. Esch, "Spolien: Zum Wiederverwendung antike Baustücke und Skulpturen in mittelalterlichen Italien," Archiv für Kunstgeschichte 51 (1969), 2–64.
F.B. Flood, "The Medieval Trophy as an Art Historical Trope: Coptic and Byzantine 'Altars' in Islamic Contexts," Muqarnas 18 (2001).
J.M. Frey, Spolia in Fortifications and the Common Builder in Late Antiquity (Leiden, 2016)
M. Greenhalgh, The Survival of Roman Antiquities in the Middle Ages (London, 1989). (Available online, provided by author)
M. Greenhalgh, "Spolia in fortifications: Turkey, Syria and North Africa," in Ideologie e pratiche del reimpiego nell'alto medioevo (Settimane di Studi del Centro Italiano di Studi sull'Alto Medioevo 46), (Spoleto, 1999). (Available online, provided by author)
M. Fabricius Hansen, The eloquence of appropriation: prolegomena to an understanding of spolia in early Christian Rome (Rome, 2003).
B. Kiilerich, "Making Sense of the Spolia in the Little Metropolis in Athens," 'Arte medievale n.s. anno IV, 2, 2005, 95-114.
B. Kiilerich, "Antiquus et modernus: Spolia in Medieval Art - Western, Byzantine and Islamic", in Medioevo: il tempo degli antichi, ed. A.C. Quintavalle, Milan 2006,135-145.
D. Kinney, "Spolia from the Baths of Caracalla in Sta. Maria in Trastevere," Art Bulletin 68 (1986), 379–97.
D. Kinney, "Rape or Restitution of the Past? Interpreting Spolia," in S.C. Scott, ed., The Art of Interpreting (University Park, 1995), 52–67.
D. Kinney, "Making Mute Stones Speak: Reading Columns in S. Nicola in Carcere and S. Maria Antiqua," in C.L. Striker, ed., Architectural Studies in Memory of Richard Krautheimer (Mainz, 1996), 83–86.
D. Kinney, "Spolia. Damnatio and renovatio memoriae," Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome 42 (1997), 117–148.
D. Kinney, "Roman Architectural Spolia," Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 145 (2001), 138–161.
D. Kinney, "Spolia," in W. Tronzo, ed., St. Peter's in the Vatican (Cambridge, 2005), 16–47.
D. Kinney, "The concept of Spolia," in C. Rudolph, ed., A Companion to Medieval Art: Romanesque and Gothic in Northern Europe (Oxford, 2006), 233–52.
L. de Lachenal, Spolia: uso e rempiego dell'antico dal III al XIV secolo (Milan, 1995).
P. Liverani, "Reimpiego senza ideologia: la lettura antica degli spolia dall’arco di Costantino all’età carolingia," Römische Mitteilungen 111 (2004), 383–434.
J. Lomax, "Spolia as Property," Res Publica Litterarum 20 (1997), 83–94.
S. Lorenzatti, Vicende del Tempio di venere e Roma nel medioevo e nel Rinascimento, in "Rivista dell’Istituto Nazionale di Archeologia e storia dell’Arte",13. 1990, pp. 119–138.
C. Mango, "Ancient Spolia in the Great Palace of Constantinople," in Byzantine East, Latin West. Art Historical Studies in Honor of Kurt Weitzmann (Princeton, 1995), 645–57.
H.-R. Meier, "Vom Siegeszeichen zum Lüftungsschacht: Spolien als Erinnerungsträger in der Architektur," in: Hans-Rudolf Meier und Marion Wohlleben (eds.), Bauten und Orte als Träger von Erinnerung: Die Erinnerungsdebatte und die Denkmalpflege (Zürich: Institut für Denkmalpflege der ETH Zürich, 2000), 87–98. (pdf)
M. Muehlbauer, "From Stone to Dust: The Life of the Kufic Inscribed Frieze of Wuqro Cherqos in Tigray, Ethiopia," Muqarnas 38 (2021), 1-34.PDF
R. Müller, Spolien und Trophäen im mittelalterlichen Genua: sic hostes Ianua frangit (Weimar, 2002).
J. Poeschke and H. Brandenburg, eds., Antike Spolien in der Architektur des Mittelalters und der Renaissance (Munich, 1996).
H. Saradi, "The Use of Spolia in Byzantine Monuments: the Archaeological and Literary Evidence," International Journal of the Classical Tradition 3 (1997), 395–423.
Annette Schäfer, Spolien: Untersuchungen zur Übertragung von Bauteilen und ihr politischer Symbolgehalt am Beispiel von St-Denis, Aachen und Magdeburg (M.A. thesis, Bamberg, 1999).
S. Settis, “Continuità, distanza, conoscenza: tre usi dell’antico,” in S. Settis, ed., Memoria dell’antico nell’arte italiana (Torino, 1985), III.373–486.
B. Ward-Perkins, From Classical Antiquity to the Middle Ages: Urban Public Building in Northern and Central Italy A.D. 300–850 (Oxford, 1984)
Ancient Roman architectural elements
Recycling
Latin words and phrases
Building stone | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spolia |
Annie Parkhouse (née Halfacree) has been one of the leading letterers in British comics for over 30 years.
Biography
Beginning her career working on Lion for IPC magazines, she has since provided dialogue for many DC Comics titles and 2000AD, working on scripts by writers and artists such as Alan Moore and Garry Leach (on Marvelman). Annie has been the recipient of an Eagle Award for her lettering.
Following the death of Tom Frame, Parkhouse became the lead letterer on the Judge Dredd strip and continues to work on other 2000AD stories, Hellblazer, among others.
She is married to British writer/artist Steve Parkhouse.
Awards
Annie has been the recipient of an Eagle Award for her lettering.
References
Sources
Annie Parkhouse at 2000 AD online
Annie Parkhouse at Barney
External links
2005 interview with Parkhouse and Elle De Ville, 2000adreview.co.uk
Living people
Comic book letterers
British comics artists
British female comics artists
Year of birth missing (living people)
Women calligraphers
Female comics writers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annie%20Parkhouse |
Club Deportivo Alfaro is a Spanish football team based in Alfaro, in the autonomous community of La Rioja. Founded in 1922 it plays in Segunda División RFEF – Group 2, holding home matches at Estadio La Molineta, with a capacity of 4,000 seats.
History
In the 2013-14 season the club finished 6th in the Tercera División, Group 16. The club finished 8th in the 2018-19 season in Tercera.
Season to season
6 seasons in Segunda División B
1 season in Segunda División RFEF
42 seasons in Tercera División
1 season in Tercera División RFEF
Notes
References
External links
Official website
Futbolme team profile
Football clubs in La Rioja (Spain)
Association football clubs established in 1922
1922 establishments in Spain | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD%20Alfaro |
Forest City is an unincorporated community in Forest City Township, Meeker County, Minnesota, United States, near Litchfield and Watkins. The community is located along Meeker County Road 2 near its junction with State Highway 24 (MN 24). The North Fork of the Crow River flows nearby.
History
Forest City was platted in 1857, and named for its location near the Big Woods. A post office was established at Forest City in 1856, and remained in operation until 1907.
Forest City was attacked by Little Crow's band of Dakota during the 1862 Dakota War. Several buildings were burned, but the attack was unsuccessful.
References
Terry Tales by Terry R. Shaw
Former municipalities in Minnesota
Unincorporated communities in Minnesota
Unincorporated communities in Meeker County, Minnesota
1857 establishments in Minnesota Territory
Populated places established in 1857 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forest%20City%2C%20Minnesota |
The RIGblaster Nomic is a radio/computer interface device used by amateur radio operators to connect their analog radio transceiver to their computer's analog sound inputs and outputs.
When used in conjunction with appropriate software, it allows the operator to transmit and receive using many digital modes, including packet, PSK31, and RTTY. Its name is a contraction of the words "no mic", from "no microphone", because when the nomic is connected in its most common configuration, it takes the place of the radio's external microphone, speaker, and push to talk (PTT) switch. This makes it easy to use with over 2000 different radios due to its universal design.
Other RIGblaster models, the plus and the pro have automatic switching between the computer and the radio's microphone.
Although the RIGblaster Nomic is a particular product of the West Mountain Radio corporation, the term "Nomic" is somewhat genericized and is sometimes used to refer to home-built devices which serve the same function, although they are more generally called "sound card to radio interfaces".
The Rigblaster Nomic can be used with the Amateur Radio VOIP system Echolink, as well as with Packet, APRS and most other modes of amateur radio operation.
External links
West Mountain Radio's page on the RIGblaster series, including the RIGblaster Nomic
Electrical and audio specifications of the RIGblaster Nomic
General information on Soundcard-Radio interfaces, with construction information
Rigblaster Nomic Reviews in Eham
Amateur radio | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RIGblaster%20Nomic |
Unión Deportiva Atlético Gramenet Milán is a Spanish football team based in Santa Coloma de Gramenet, in the autonomous community of Catalonia. Founded in 1945 it currently plays in Segona Catalana – Group 4, holding home games at Municipal de Sant Adrià in Sant Adrià de Besòs, with a capacity of 1,000.
History
UDA Gramenet was founded in 1945, through the merger of three teams from Santa Coloma de Gramenet: FC Gramenet, UD Colomense and CF Baleares. The club first reached the national categories in 1956, and first promoted to the third division 37 years later.
Gramenet finished three times in the top three in its first four seasons, but successively underachieved in the playoffs, against Real Jaén, Ourense and Sestao Sport Club (1993–94), Deportivo Alavés, Jaén and Las Palmas (1994–95) and Jaén, Lemona and Ourense (1996–97). In 1996 the club merged with C.D. Milán, who later became Gramenet B.
In the 2004–05 season, still in the third division, Gramenet could only place 16th in the league, but reached the quarterfinals of the Copa del Rey after ousting FC Barcelona, Levante and Lleida, only being downed by Real Betis (2–2 at home, 3–4 away) who later went on to win the tournament. In the following years the club would only participate once in the promotion playoffs, losing 3–6 on aggregate to Salamanca in 2006.
In 2014, the club was forced by the city hall to leave the Nou Camp Municipal in Santa Coloma de Gramenet and since the 2014–15 season, Gramenet plays its games at Sant Adrià de Besòs.
Background
FC Gramenet - (¿?–1945) → ↓
UD Colomense - (¿?–1945) → UDA Gramenet - (1945–95) → UDA Gramenet Milán (1995–¿?)
CF Baleares - (¿?–1945) → ↑
UD Obreros- (¿?–1995) → ↓
UDA Gramenet - (1945–95) → UDA Gramenet Milán (1995–¿?)
CD Milán- (¿?–1995) → ↑
Season to season
18 seasons in Segunda División B
20 seasons in Tercera División
Famous players
Note: this list includes players that have played at least 100 league games and/or have reached international status.
Anselmo
Jacinto Elá
Oussama Souaidy
Robert
Jorge Rojas
Curro Torres
Unai Vergara
Tito Vilanova
See also
UDA Gramenet B, reserve team
References
External links
Official website
Futbolme team profile
Football clubs in Catalonia
Association football clubs established in 1945
1945 establishments in Spain
Santa Coloma de Gramenet | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UDA%20Gramenet |
Velvetpark: Dyke Culture in Bloom is a lesbian and feminist arts and culture American website that regularly features music, literature, theater, fine arts, film, television, and social activism as it impacts queer culture. Velvetpark also hosts a social network and dating community for lesbians and queer-identified women.
Publication history
Headquartered in New York City, Velvetpark was launched nationally in 2002 as a print magazine by Grace Moon. In 2005, Moon hired former On Our Backs editor Diana Cage. By 2006, Velvetpark was read in nine countries, on five continents. In 2004, Velvetpark applied for the trademark including the by-line "dyke culture in bloom". The United States Patent and Trademark Office rejected the mark on the grounds that the word "dyke" was "immoral and scandalous". In 2005, Velvetpark amended its application, to have the USPTO recognize the word "dyke" as an accepted and welcomed signifier by the lesbian community. "Velvetpark, Dyke Culture in Bloom" trademark passed in April 2006.
In June 2007, Velvetpark produced its final print edition and became an online magazine, hosting text base and media rich content.
In 2009, Velvetpark launched "Velvetpark Mate", an interactive online dating site that marries social networking and custom-built dating features.
In 2010 Velvetpark found itself in the national spotlight when it became the home of the anonymous pieces of then-closeted West Point student Katie Miller, who became an LGBT leader in her own right and was featured on The Rachel Maddow Show.
In September 2011, Grace Moon transitioned to the role of publisher and handed the editorial reins to queer scholar Marcie Bianco. The two currently oversee the site's operations, with a collection of editorial and content contributors.
The site's annual "Top 25 Queer Women" list is renowned for highlighting overlooked LGBT women.
References
External links
Velvetpark's official website
Internet properties established in 2007
Magazines established in 2002
Magazines disestablished in 2007
Online magazines published in the United States
LGBT-related magazines published in the United States
Feminist magazines
Feminist websites
Lesbian feminist mass media
Lesbian-related magazines
Lesbian-related websites
Online magazines with defunct print editions
Queer magazines
Magazines published in New York City
Feminism in the United States
Lesbian culture in the United States
Lesbian history in the United States
Lesbian-related mass media in the United States
Defunct women's magazines published in the United States
Queer women's culture
2002 in LGBT history | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velvetpark |
Howard E. Ross (8 March 1921 in Drumheller, Alberta – 4 June 2010 in Calgary, Alberta) was a pioneering land developer and builder in Canada. He was the former chairman of Carma Developers, and the former national president of the Canadian Home Builders' Association.
During his iconic 37 year building career, from 1946 to 1983, Ross successfully owned three housebuilding firms and built over 3,000 homes in Calgary and Edmonton. In 1956 Ross became a director of the Calgary Home Builders Association, and in 1966 he was named its president. In 1958 Ross was a founding member of Carma Developers. He remained closely involved with Carma, serving as a director before he was elected chairman of the board in 1978.
Ross was also a director of the Canadian Home Builders’ Association (CHBA), and held the position as chairman of the Alberta chapter. In 1976 Ross was elected to be the national president of the Canadian Home Builders' Association.
Ross received many honours from his peers in the building industry, including the prestigious National Home Builders Award of Honour which he received in 1968.
References
Obituary, published in the Calgary Herald on 9 June 2010
1921 births
2010 deaths
People from Drumheller
Businesspeople from Calgary
Real estate and property developers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard%20E.%20Ross |
Spolia (spoils) is a Latin word that occurs in the following contexts:
Spolia, building rubble re-used
Spoils of victory, especially
Spolia opima, arms captured from the enemy commander | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spolia%20%28disambiguation%29 |
Gerritjan Eggenkamp (14 November 1975) is a Dutch rower.
Born in Leiden, Netherlands, Eggenkamp started rowing aged 12 at Het Spaarne rowing club in Heemstede, and first competed internationally as a Junior, coming 9th in the coxless four at the 1993 Junior World Championships. He was named as the spare man for the Dutch Men's coxless four for the 1996 Olympics, and then rowed in the coxless four at the 1997 and 1998 World Championships. He was in the Dutch men's eight for the 2000 Olympic Games. In 2002, he became the first Dutch rower to compete in the 148th Oxford- Cambridge Boat Race, rowing in the three seat for the winning Oxford crew.
At the 2004 Olympic Games he rowed in the Silver medal winning Dutch Men's 8+.
In September 2018 he was elected treasurer of FISA, the International Rowing Federation.
Rowing achievements
2004: Olympic Games, Athens 8+ (2nd)
2002: Oxford-Cambridge Boat Race (winners)
2001: World Championships (10th)
2000: Olympic Games, Sydney 8+ (8th)
1998: World Championships 4- (8th)
1997: World Championships 4- (7th)
1996: Olympic Games – spare Men's 4-
1995: U23 Men's 2- (silver)
1993: Junior World Championships Men's 4- (9th)
References
External links
Boat Race biography
1975 births
Living people
Dutch male rowers
Olympic rowers for the Netherlands
Rowers at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Rowers at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Rowers at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Leiden
Delft University of Technology alumni
Olympic medalists in rowing
Medalists at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Oxford University Boat Club rowers
Olympic silver medalists for the Netherlands
20th-century Dutch people
21st-century Dutch people | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerritjan%20Eggenkamp |
Durham MCC University (previously known as Durham University Centre of Cricketing Excellence) is a cricket coaching centre based at Durham University in Durham, County Durham, England, and the name under which the university's cricket team plays.
History
The coaching centre is largely funded by the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC). As of 2012 (with the inclusion of Cardiff South Wales and Leeds/Bradford), they are one of six MCC University teams in England who are considered a first-class team when playing against other first-class sides. This means that a game against another university would not be considered first class; only matches against a first-class county are accorded this status. Durham are one of only two MCCU sides to be drawn from a single university (the other being Loughborough).
The cricket coaching at the MCCU was overseen from its inception in 2001 by coach and former Test player Graeme Fowler, the university's head coach from 1996, until he stepped down in May 2015. Former Essex coach Paul Grayson was announced as the new coach in September 2015. The team's home ground is The Racecourse, Durham University's home ground since 1843 and famous for hosting Durham County Cricket Club's first first-class match in 1992.
Since obtaining first-class status in 2001, the university has produced a large number of cricketers who have obtained professional county contracts, while others such as James Foster have gone on to play international cricket. Prior to first-class status, players such as Andrew Strauss and Nasser Hussain played for the university's cricket club.
In 2012, they were dismissed for 18 against Durham County Cricket Club. This was the lowest first-class innings total since 1983.
As Durham University Centre of Cricketing Excellence, the team played 27 first-class matches from 2001 to 2009. As Durham Marylebone Cricket Club University, the team played 21 first-class matches (not including one abandoned and two cancelled) from 2010 to 2020.
Honours
MCC Universities Two-Day Championship winners 2010
MCC Universities Challenge Final winners 2010 and 2018
BUCS Cricket National Division winners 2018
See also
List of Durham UCCE & MCCU players
References
External links
Team Durham: Cricket
MCC Universities information & history – lords.org
Education in County Durham
Sports venues in County Durham
Durham University
2001 establishments in England
Cricket in County Durham
Sport in Durham, England
Sport at Durham University
Marylebone Cricket Club
Student cricket in the United Kingdom
County Durham-related lists
Former senior cricket clubs | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durham%20MCC%20University |
Ardwell (from Gaelic Àrd Bhaile meaning "high town", pronounced as "Ardwell") is a village in the Scottish unitary council area of Dumfries and Galloway. It lies on the shores of Luce Bay in the southern part of the Rhins of Galloway. The A716 road to Drummore or the Mull of Galloway passes through the village. The only other street is Ardwell Park, a street of new houses.
The community is served by the nearby Ardwell Church, a small public church with a bell tower, built in 1900–1902.
Many of the houses are still owned by Ardwell Estates, and Ardwell House is located around west of the village in the grounds of Ardwell Garden and looking across Ardwell Pond.
In the grounds of Ardwell House, on a ridge above the road, are the remains of a medieval motte; the castle bailey may have stood to the north. In addition, south of the church are the ruins of Killaser Castle, the ancestral home of the McCullochs, who formerly held Ardwell., Stoneykirk, Rhinns, Wigtownshire.
Near High Ardwell, on the other side of the peninsula, are the remains of Doon Castle, the best example of an Iron Age broch in Dumfries and Galloway.
Ardwell used to hold the Leek Fair, where plants were sold.
Ardwell Gardens
Ardwell Gardens is a 342 ha (970 acres) garden surrounding the 18th-century Ardwell House. It has a walled garden, and a large pond which has ducks and swans with an approximately half-hour walk round it. There is also access to Ardwell church (to the west) and Ardwell village (to the east) with a beach and boat shop.
Logan Botanic Garden
Logan Botanic Garden, a branch of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, is by road from Ardwell. Logan's mild climate allows a variety of exotic plants to grow outdoors. There are many beautiful plants which can be found in few other gardens in Britain. It has a woodland garden, and a walled garden and a terrace garden with an avenue of Chusan palms.
Gallery
References
Villages in Dumfries and Galloway
Places in the Rhins | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ardwell |
Fadi Makki () is a pioneer in the application of behavioural economics to public policy in the Middle East, where he led a large number of RCTs in policy areas such as healthy life style, compliance and rule of law, sustainability, education and workers’ welfare.
He founded the first nudge unit in the Middle East, Qatar’s Behavioural Insights Unit (QBIU), within the Supreme Committee for Delivery & Legacy, and is founder of Nudge Lebanon and the Consumer-Citizen Lab. He is Senior Fellow at Georgetown Qatar and Senior Public Policy Fellow at the American University of Beirut’s Issam Fares Institute of Public Policy. He is also adjunct professor at Hamad Bin Khalifa University and visiting lecturer at AUB where he teaches Behavioural Economics and Policy.
He is currently member of the WHO's Technical and Advisory Group on Behavioral Insights for Health https://www.who.int/our-work/science-division/behavioural-insights/TAG-on-behavioural-insights-and-sciences-for-health-biographies and has served between 2016 and 2018 as member of the Council for Behavioral Sciences at the World Economic Forum.
He was advisor to the Prime Minister of Lebanon on economy and trade as well as Director General of the Lebanese Ministry of Economy and Trade from 2002 to the end of 2005. He also worked for Booz & Company, Cisco, as well as the Qatar National Food Security Program. He was the Advisor to the Qatari Ministry of Finance, Economy and Commerce where he advised Qatar on trade policy and the World Trade Organization (WTO), and was part of the committee that organized the 4th WTO ministerial conference which led to the launch of the Doha round in November 2001. He was visiting lecturer and fellow at Cambridge University and the Graduate Institute in Geneva.
His academic background spans International trade and development, international law, public and business administration, behavioural economics and public policy, with a PhD from Cambridge University in the United Kingdom, masters from the London School of Economics and Hull University, BAs from the American University of Beirut and the Lebanese University Law School.
Fadi studied at the Faculty of Law at the University of Cambridge. His PhD dissertation, which was approved in 1997, is titled 'Financial services in the World Trade Organisation (WTO) and the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS): development towards the rule of law.'
References
Lebanese businesspeople
Lebanese politicians
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fadi%20Makki |
The Pink Mirror, titled Gulabi Aaina in India, is an Indian film drama produced and directed by Sridhar Rangayan. Said to be the first Indian film to comprehensively focus on Indian transsexuals with the entire story revolving around two transsexuals and a gay teenager's attempts to seduce a man, Samir (Rufy Baqal). The film explores the taboo subject of transsexuals in India which is still much misunderstood and ridiculed.
In 2003, the Central Board of Film Certification, the Indian Censor Board, banned Rangayan's film on Indian transsexuals. The censor board cited that the film was 'vulgar and offensive'. The filmmaker appealed twice again unsuccessfully. The film still remains banned in India, but has screened at numerous festivals all over the world and won awards. The critics have applauded it for its 'sensitive and touching portrayal of marginalized community'.
India's foremost gay activist Ashok Row Kavi says in his review, "The wonder is that it was not made before. The reality is that it is here now". India's leading newspaper, The Indian Express, wrote, "This is more than just the 'peeping into the closet' that Rangayan intended. It's almost throwing the doors wide open for the world to look in!"
The film has received tremendous support and critical acclaim from reviewers, festival directors and global audiences. It has screened at more than 70 international film festivals and won couple of awards. The film is also used as part of University archives and libraries as resource material in academic courses.
Plot
The film centers around two drag performers: Bibbo, a Bollywood fashion designer, and Shabbo, a dancer, who have a strenuous and often volatile relationship with each other. Though they are known to quarrel often, they are always able to reconcile soon after an argument and prove to the other that they care about them.
They both have an attraction to Samir, an aspiring actor whom Bibbo claims is her driver, despite Bibbo not owning a car. The situation is further complicated by Mandy, Shabbo's young Western apprentice, who reveals he is gay and admits to being attracted to Samir. Throughout the escapades and comedic antics that occur during the scuffle to win Samir's heart, Bibbo learns Shabbo's secret that he is HIV-positive, and is not above revealing his secret to Samir or possibly even the entire city.
Cast
Festivals
The film has been shown in many festivals
Fire Island Film Festival
12th Le Festival Question de Genre– Gay Kitschcamp
Fire Island Film and Video Festival
18th Turin International Gay & Lesbian Film Festival
Digital Talkies Film Festival
6th Pink Apple Gay and Lesbian Film Festival
San Francisco International Lesbian & Gay Film Festival
Queer Filmstan
Austin Gay & Lesbian International Film Festival
Indianapolis LGBT Film Festival
Barcelona International Gay & Lesbian Film Festival
Hamburg International Lesbian & Gay Film Festival
Cork Film Festival
Lehigh Valley Queer Film Festival
Chicago Lesbian & Gay International Film Festival
Out Takes Dallas Lesbian & Gay Film Festival
Rhode Island International Film Festival
Translations – Seattle Transgender Film Festival, USA (May 2009)
Awards
Jury Award for Best Feature, Fire Island, New York, USA
Best Film of the Festival, Question de Genre Lille, France
Other related films
Since The Pink Mirror, its director, Sridhar Rangayan, has made 5 more films dealing with gay and transgender people:
Yours Emotionally (2006) is a film about a passionate love story between a British Asian from UK and a small town Indian youth. The film received good reviews for its bold and groundbreaking narrative. It has been released on DVD by Waterbearer Films.
68 Pages (2007) is a film about the lives of five people who fight all odds to survive. It is about stigma and discrimination faced by HIV+ people – a transsexual bar dancer, a commercial sex worker, a gay couple, a heterosexual ID user and a municipality sweeper. The film derives its name from 68 pages of a counselors diary. This film had its world premiere at the International Film Festival of Kerala (IFFK 2007) in December 2007.
Purple Skies (2014) is a 2014 movie directed by Sridhar Rangayan and produced by Public Service Broadcasting Trust and Solaris Pictures. It documents the opinions of lesbians, bisexuals and trans men in India. It was broadcast on Doordarshan in 2015.
Breaking Free is a 2015 film directed by Sridhar Rangayan and produced by Solaris Pictures. In this documentary, filmmaker and gay activist Sridhar Rangayan embarks on a personal journey to expose the human rights violations faced by the LGBTQ community in India due to a draconian law Section 377 and homophobic social mores of a patriarchal society. The film was selected to be part of the Indian Panorama (non-Fiction) and screened at International Film Festival of India in 2015. It won the Rajat Kamal National Award for Best Editing (Non-Fiction) in 2016 for its editors Pravin Angre and Sridhar Rangayan. It also won the Barbara Gittings Human Rights Award at qFLIX Philadelphia in 2016.
Evening Shadows (2018) is a movie set in South India and Mumbai, 'Evening Shadows' is a tender heartwarming story about a mother-son bond that has to withstand the ravages of time, distance and truths.
References
External links
The Pink Mirror IMDb page
The Pink Mirror Official Site
The Pink Mirror Blog
HIV/AIDS in Indian films
2006 LGBT-related films
2006 films
Indian LGBT-related films
Transgender-related films
Film censorship in India
Obscenity controversies in film
Censored films | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Pink%20Mirror |
VDW can refer to one of the following:
Van der Waals:
Johannes Diderik van der Waals, a Dutch physicist and thermodynamicist
the van der Waals force
the van der Waals equation
the van der Waals radius
Van der Waals (crater)
Federation of German Scientists (Vereinigung Deutscher Wissenschaftler)
Verbond tot Democratisering der Weermacht, a Dutch political party
VDW (TV station), a digital television station in Western Australia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VDW |
Strikers 1945 III also known as , is a vertically scrolling shoot 'em up game developed and originally released by Psikyo in 1999 for the arcades. The game is a sequel to Strikers 1945 II, chronologically taking place 54 years after the first two games in the series.
Gameplay
The player chooses from one of six modern jet fighter aircraft and shoots through eight stages (the first four levels are randomly chosen, and the last four remain the same for each play). Once the game is beaten, a report showing the statistics of the player are displayed, and the game 'loops' with the difficulty much higher. Each game (on default settings) begins with three lives, and an extra life is earned at 600,000 (or 800,000). When all lives are lost, the option to continue is given but the score is reset.
Another latest feature is the Technical Bonus. During a boss battle, a blue orb is revealed as the weak point. In order to get a 'quick kill', the fighter plane must be extremely close to the orb until it turns red by firing the orb while getting it close to it. Once the fighter plane 'embraces' the orb, the boss is destroyed quickly and adds points for the technical bonus. However revealing the orb from the boss will only take once when it unleashes an attack pattern that is also its weakness. For players, they have to memorize the attack pattern and shoot the orb while getting close to it for a quick victory.
Power-Ups are released by shooting certain enemies. When a power up is collected, the player's normal shot becomes more powerful and a secondary shot may become available to the player. Up to three power ups can be collected, any after that are worth 4000 points. It is possible to 'power down' at any time by colliding with an enemy craft.
At the beginning of the game, the player has a stock of two bombs. By destroying certain enemy craft, a bomb icon will be released and bounce around the screen. When collected, another bomb will be added to the player's stock.
The game featured the F/A-18 Super Hornet, F-22 Raptor, F-4 Phantom II, F-117 Stealth and the AV-8 Harrier as playable planes, with the X-36 being available as a secret plane via dip switch configurations. On September 30, 1998, during the development it was also revealed by Psikyo that the Sukhoi Su-47 was originally planned as a secret plane too, but it didn't make in the final product for unknown reasons.
Plot
54 years after the end of the last game, an extraterrestrial swarm of microscopic robots, called "nanites", have invaded earth and infiltrated military bases in every country, including F.G.R.'s forces. All military vehicles infected by these robots became fully automated and began indiscriminate attacks on every country in the world, resulting in mass devastation. The small number of military craft that have not been infiltrated yet by the small robots have been recovered. A small combat force has been assembled to fight against the entire world. Losing contact with military headquarters, the Strikers appear once again to save the world.
Reception
In Japan, Game Machine listed Strikers 1945 III on their 15 November 1999 issue as being the fourth most-successful arcade game of the month.
References
External links
1999 video games
Android (operating system) games
Arcade video games
City Connection franchises
IOS games
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Nintendo Switch games
PlayStation 4 games
Psikyo games
Science fiction video games
Vertically scrolling shooters
Video game sequels
Video games developed in Japan
Video games set in 1999
Video games set in Arizona
Video games set in Australia
Video games set in Japan
Video games set in outer space
Video games set in Russia
Windows games
WindySoft games
Xbox One games
ja:ストライカーズ1945 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strikers%201945%20III |
José Horacio Lugo (born May 27, 1966) is a former Argentine football player, he played for more than 15 years, and after retiring moved to Richmond, Virginia.
He is the former Director of Player Development at Chesterfield United Soccer Club. Currently he is the Head Director of We Are Futbol. He is currently back in his home country after 17 years.
Professional awards and achievements
2nd Place in the Copa Chile with Deportes Concepción (Chile).
National Champions with Alianza F.C (El Salvador).
Champions of Central America with Alianza F.C (El Salvador).
Best Foreign Player (1993) in Chile.
Best Forward (1997) in El Salvador.
Best Foreign Player (1997) in El Salvador.
Participation in VCU soccer program
Holder of NSCAA National License
External links
Lugo bio
Living people
Footballers from Buenos Aires
Argentine men's footballers
Chacarita Juniors footballers
Club Atlético Los Andes footballers
Club Deportivo Palestino footballers
Deportes Concepción (Chile) footballers
Alianza F.C. footballers
Aurora F.C. players
Deportivo Zacapa players
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in Chile
Expatriate men's footballers in Chile
Expatriate men's footballers in Guatemala
Expatriate men's footballers in El Salvador
1965 births
Men's association football forwards
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in Guatemala
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in El Salvador | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horacio%20Lugo |
Hidrolândia is a municipality in central Goiás state, Brazil. The population was 22,124 (2020) in a total area of (10 October 2002). Hidrolândia is a large producer of poultry and eggs.
Location
Hidrolândia is located . south of the state capital, Goiânia on important interstate highway BR-153. It belongs to the Goiânia Microregion, which contains more than one million seven hundred thousand inhabitants.
Considered the capital of the jaboticaba (a blackish tropical fruit—Myrciaria cauliflora) See Jaboticaba because of the great quantity of jaboticaba trees in the region, Hidrolândia is also known as the city of waters. The concentration of springs, bathing spots and rivers in the area gave the city this name.
History
Hidrolândia began in 1895 when lands were donated to build a chapel dedicated to Santo Antônio. In 1896 it was elevated to a district with the name Santo Antônio das Grimpas belonging to Pouso Alto, which later became Piracanjuba. In 1930 it became a municipality with the name Hidrolândia, land of waters. With the construction of the new capital in Goiânia it became part of that city with the name "Grimpas". In 1948 it became municipality with its present name.
Political and Demographic Data
Eligible voters: 11,844 (December 2007)
Mayor: Wilton Moreira Alves (January 2005)
Vice-mayor: Nivaldo Vieira Vaz
Councilmembers: 09
Population growth rate 2000/2007: 0.97%
Population in 1980: 8,559
Population in 1991: 10,254
Urban population in 2007: 9,615
Rural population in 2007: 4,389
The economy
The economy of the city is based on dairy cattle. There are large dairies in the area, supplying milk products to Goiânia. Local farmers also produce oranges, manioc, corn, tangerines, sugarcane, watermelon, pineapple, bananas, coconuts and rice.
Economic Data
Industrial units: 37 (June 2007)
Retail units: 108 (August 2007)
Banking institutions: BRADESCO S.A. - Banco Itaú S.A. (1 June 2005)
Dairies: Marajoara Ind. de Laticínios Ltda. (7 June 2005)
Meatpacking plant or egg collection unit: Gransapa Ovos Ltda. (7 June 2005)
Cooperatives: - Coop. Eletrif. Desenv. Rural de Hidrolândia Ltda - CEDRHIL - Coop. de Produção Artesanal de Hidrolândia-COOPERARTH
(17/06/2005)
Main agricultural activities:
Cattle raising: 86,550 head (2006)
Poultry: 601,480
Agriculture: rice (), sugarcane, coffee, coconuts, manioc, corn, oranges, and soybeans. Statistics are from IBGE
Education and Health
Literacy rate: 87.0%
Infant mortality rate: 25.35 in 1,000 live births
Schools: 23 (2006)
Classrooms: 108
Teachers: 186
Students: 4,195
Hospitals: 01 (2007)
Hospital beds: 25
Walk-in public health clinics: 08
Human Development Index: 0.736
State ranking: 124 (out of 242 municipalities)
National ranking: 2,280 (out of 5,507 municipalities)
For the complete list see Frigoletto
See also
List of municipalities in Goiás
References
Frigoletto
Municipalities in Goiás | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrol%C3%A2ndia%2C%20Goi%C3%A1s |
The Huntaway (also known as the New Zealand Huntaway) is a large, strongly-built breed of dog used for general sheep-herding tasks in New Zealand, where they originate. They were bred to use their loud, deep bark to drive sheep.
The breed dates from the late-19th century, and is distinguished only on working ability. There is no prescribed appearance or lineage, but they are usually black-and-tan coloured. Only dogs that win at trials may be registered by the New Zealand Sheep Dog Trial Association in their studbook.
Description
Huntaways are large, deep-chested dogs that generally weigh in the region of . Their coats can vary in colour; colours include black and tan (usually) with some white or brindle. Their coats can also come in different textures; they can be smooth, rough, or grizzly and they are generally floppy eared. A huntaway's height is usually in the range of .
They are required to have great intelligence, agility and stamina for days of working on steep, rough country over large distances, driving very large mobs of sheep. Their bark is deep and repeating, usually with a short pause between barks, which allows the barking to be sustained for very long periods.
History
The huntaway was developed as a breed in response to farming conditions found in the New Zealand high country. The vast pastoral runs or "stations", such as those in the high country of the South Island, required teams of dogs who could work mustering for days on end, covering great distances on rough steep country. High country stations typically cover many thousands of hectares, and were often unfenced. British sheepdogs used by early New Zealand farmers mostly worked sheep silently, but occasionally a dog would use its bark to herd sheep. This characteristic was liked by some farmers, especially for driving sheep on rough, steep hill country where a dog may disappear from view, making a dog that drives stock by sight less useful. Collies and other working sheepdogs with the barking trait would have been crossed with any other breed that had other desirable traits, including size, stamina and a steady barking ability, as these are the traits that differentiate the huntaway from the heading dog today, but the exact lineage is not known.
The earliest references to huntaways are in the late 19th century. A sheepdog trial with a specific class for huntaways was advertised in the Upper Waitaki in 1870. "Wanted" advertisements for "huntaway sheepdogs" were in the Otago Daily Times newspaper in 1884, heading and huntaway collies were advertised for sale in 1885.
The huntaway was further developed as a separate breed from the heading dog during the 20th century.
Breed recognition
As of August 2013 the Huntaway breed was recognised by the New Zealand Kennel Club (NZKC). This is the first recognition of a dog breed of New Zealand origin. There is an NZKC standard for the Huntaway breed, but the standard notes:
It is the opinion of the New Zealand Sheepdog Trial Association that a Huntaway should never be shown, due to the large variance in colour, type and size and the inability to prove in a show ring their core (and only) task of working stock. It is the opinion of the New Zealand Sheepdog Trial Association that a New Zealand Huntaway should not be kept solely as a pet. No changes to the official breed standard of the New Zealand Huntaway will be made without consultation with the New Zealand Sheepdog Trial Association.
General information
Huntaways generally live to around 12 to 14 years of age. They are generally very healthy, but some inheritable diseases have been identified. They are intelligent, friendly, very energetic, active dogs that require a lot of exercise. They have been bred to muster in the hills and mountains of New Zealand where it is difficult to walk or ride, so worded commands and whistles are used to communicate commands to these dogs when they are at a distance. They are well known for being a noisy dog, especially when working. There can be variation both in appearance but also in nature and abilities depending on the bloodline, some dogs being more suited to large station work which requires them to eagerly run and give noise all day, some being a more laid back and "handy" dog with an instinct to head stock off and use noise only when necessary while still being larger and more powerful than most heading dogs.
They are the second most common breed of dog in New Zealand, after Labrador Retrievers. They are becoming increasingly popular in other countries with a New Zealand Huntaway Club started in Japan and huntaways being bred and used in Australia for work and yard dog trials.
Hunterville in the North Island of New Zealand is known for its statue of a Huntaway.
See also
Dogs portal
List of dog breeds
References
External links
General Huntaway Information
Huntaway Club UK
Herding dogs
Dog breeds originating in New Zealand | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huntaway |
Jundallah (), also known as the People's Resistance Movement of Iran (PRMI), was a Sunni militant organization based in Sistan and Baluchestan, a province in southeast Iran, that claims to be fighting for the "equal rights of Sunni Muslims in Iran".
The organization was founded by Abdolmalek Rigi, an ethnic Baloch who was captured and executed at Evin Prison in Tehran in 2010. It was believed to have between 700 and 2,000 fighters. Jundallah commanders claim the group had killed up to 400 Iranian soldiers.
Jundallah had been officially designated as a terrorist organization by Iran, Japan, New Zealand and the United States. The U.S. Department of State says, “Jundallah, which was designated as an FTO and SDGT in 2010, began using the new name Jaysh al-Adl and associated aliases in 2012.” It has been linked to and taken credit for numerous acts of terror, kidnappings and the smuggling of narcotics. According to many sources, the group was linked to al-Qaeda. The group shared its name with another Baloch militant organization active in Pakistani Balochistan as part of the same insurgency.
Background
Jundallah was thought to have begun in 2003 and it is known for attacks against high-profile Iranian targets, both military and civilian. Its origin and structure remain unclear. It had been suggested that it might be an offshoot of Baluchi Autonomist Movement, which was created and supported by Saddam Hussein along with other militant groups like Mujahideen-e Khalq, to wage a proxy war on Iran during the Iran–Iraq War. There appears to be at least another militant organization with the name of Jundallah operating independently in Pakistan.
Iran accuses the United States and other foreign elements of backing Jundallah, possibly from Pakistani territory with Islamabad's support, despite Pakistan's alleged history of cooperation with Iran to suppress trans-border militants, whereas Jundallah denies any connections to al-Qaeda or the Taliban, as well as foreign governments such as the United States and Great Britain. The United States also denies any support or involvement with this group.
In an October 17, 2008 interview aired on Al-Arabiya TV, its leader Abdolmalek Rigi stated the group had given "over 2,000 men" military, political and ideological training but that the number of its members "in the mountains does not exceed 200." It had also been alleged that Jundallah is involved in smuggling Iranian diesel fuel to Afghanistan and Pakistan, the price of which is more than five times cheaper than the diesel fuel in Afghanistan and Pakistan. The diesel fuel is then bartered with opium, which is smuggled into Iran from Afghanistan and Pakistan to be sold in Iran.
Terrorist designation
Though the United States State Department under Hillary Clinton considered designating Jundullah as a terrorist organization in 2009, it wasn't until November 3, 2010, that it designated Jundallah as a Foreign Terrorist Organization, noting that Jundallah "had engaged in numerous attacks resulting in the death and maiming of scores of Iranian civilians and government officials. Jundallah uses a variety of terrorist tactics, including suicide bombings, ambushes, kidnappings and targeted assassinations." Iran hailed the decision.
Views and goals
Jundullah have been referred to as separatists by various media, and Iranian leaders have stated that Jundullah is proxy group used by the enemies of Iran to destabilise the Islamic Republic. The group's (now dead) leader Abdolmalek Rigi, however, always denied the organization had any separatist agenda, or foreign links, claiming that they "merely fight for equal rights for Sunni Muslims" in predominantly Shi'a Iran.
In an interview with Rooz (an Iranian online newspaper), Rigi declared himself an Iranian and stating Iran was his home, and that he merely aimed at improving the lives of Sunni Baluchis in a democratic Iran. Dan Rather's US cable channel HDnet's television news magazine Dan Rather Reports, also interviewed Rigi and showed a video of Rigi personally cutting off his brother in-law Shahab Mansouri's head. In the same interview, Rigi described himself as "an Iranian" and denied that his goal is to form a separate Baluch state. He claimed that his goal is to "improve conditions for ethnic Baluchis", and that his group is "fighting exclusively for the rights of Sunni Muslims in Iran".
In an October 17, 2008, interview aired on Al-Arabiya TV, Abdolmalek stated, "the only thing we ask of the Iranian government is to be citizens. We want to have the same rights as the Iranian Shiite people. That's it." He described his group as an Islamic awakening movement but denied any ties with Al Qaeda or the Taliban. He also told the interviewer that despite the fact that "many of us have been martyred ... we are prepared to reach an understanding with the Iranian government, Insha Allah."
International sponsorship
United States and Israel
A report by Brian Ross and Christopher Isham of ABC News in April 2007 alleged that Jundallah "had been secretly encouraged and advised by American officials" to destabilize the government in Iran, citing U.S. and Pakistani tribal and intelligence sources. The report alleges that U.S Vice President Dick Cheney discussed the activity of the group against Iran during his visit to Pakistan. In a blog, the network stated that the support was believed to have started in 2005 and been arranged so that the U.S provided no direct funding to the group, which would require congressional oversight and attract media attention, drawing parallels between American support for Jundallah and U.S. involvement in Nicaragua.
The report was denied by Pakistan official sources, but ABC stood by their claim despite the denial. Alexis Debat, one of the sources quoted by Ross and Isham in their report alleging U.S support for the Jundullah, resigned from ABC News in June 2007, after ABC officials claimed that he faked several interviews while working for the company. Ross went on to say the Jundullah story had many sources, adding, "We’re only worried about the things Debat supplied, not about the substance of that story." According to Ross, ABC had found nothing that would undermine the stories Mr. Debat worked on. However, he acknowledged that as the stories of fabrications continue to roll in, the network "at some point had to question whether anything he said can be believed." This caused the network in 2007 to send a second team of producers to Pakistan investigating the original reports.
Gholamali Haddadadel, Iranian parliament speaker in 2007, told reporters that Jundallah is part of pressure tactics used by United States to subdue Iran, and hoped with Pakistani help, Iran would be able to defeat Jundallah.
On April 2, 2007, Abdolmalek Rigi appeared on the Persian service of Voice of America, the official broadcasting service of the United States government, which identified Rigi as "the leader of popular Iranian resistance movement" and used the title of "Doctor" with his name. This incidence resulted in public condemnation by the Iranian-American community in the U.S, many of whom are opponents of the Iranian government, as well as Jundallah.
Investigative journalist Seymour Hersh revealed another report in July 2008 that alleged that US congressional leaders had secretly agreed to former president George W. Bush's USD 400 million funding request, which gives the US a free hand in arming and funding terrorist groups such as Jundullah militants.
Three days after the 2009 terror attack against Zahidan mosque, Iranian speaker of parliament Ali Larijani claimed, that Iran had intelligence reports regarding the United States links with certain terrorist groups operating against Iran and accused the United States of commanding them. He also said that the United States is trying to start a civil war between Shia and Sunni segments of Iranian society. Regarding the investigation of the terrorist act he added that Iran would want Pakistan to cooperate fully and not become a mere part of the designs against Iran.
According to a 2007 article in The Daily Telegraph, Jundallah is just one part of a Black Operation Plan involving psychological operations and other covert operations to support dissents among minorities (Baloch, Arab, Kurds, Azeris, etc.) in Iran, which along with tactics of military posturing, risky maneuvers and occasional conciliatory gestures are designed to improve United States bargaining position in any future negotiation with Iran. Furthermore, these Black Operations build upon a coordinated campaign consisting of disinformation, placement of negative newspaper articles, propaganda broadcasts, the manipulation of Iran's monetary currency and international banking transactions.
Iranian Interior Minister Mostafa Pour-Mohammadi had said United States intelligence operatives have been meeting and coordinating with Anti-Iranian militants in Afghanistan as well as encouraging drug smuggling into Iran. A former Chief of Army Staff of the Pakistan Army General Aslam Beg had accused the Coalition Forces in Afghanistan of training and supporting Jundallah against Iran.
After Rigi was arrested on 23 February 2010, Iran's intelligence minister Heydar Moslehi at a press conference in Tehran claimed that Rigi had been at a US base in Afghanistan 24 hours before his arrest. At a press conference, he flourished a photograph which he said showed Rigi outside the base with two other men, though he gave no details of where the base was, or how or when the photograph was obtained. Photographs were also shown of an Afghan passport and identity card said to have been given by the Americans to Rigi. Moslehi also alleged that Rigi had met the then NATO secretary-general, Jaap de Hoop Scheffer, in Afghanistan in 2008, and had visited European countries. He said agents had tracked Rigi's movements for five months, calling his arrest "a great defeat for the US and UK". On February 25 Iranian state television broadcast a statement by Rigi stating he had had American support and that
"The Americans said Iran was going its own way and they said our problem at the present is Iran… not al-Qaeda and not the Taliban, but the main problem is Iran. We don't have a military plan against Iran. Attacking Iran is very difficult for us (the US). They [Americans] promised to help us and they said that they would co-operate with us, free our prisoners and would give us [Jundullah] military equipment, bombs, machine guns, and they would give us a base."
BBC News carried a report on the statements, noting that "It is not possible to say whether Abdolmalek Rigi made the statement freely or under duress." The US had denied having links with Rigi's group, Jundullah. Reuters also reported that Geoff Morrell, Pentagon press secretary, dismissed claims by the Iranian government that Mr. Rigi had been at an American military base just before his arrest. Morrell called the accusations of American involvement "nothing more than Iranian propaganda." According to a former U.S. intelligence officer, Rigi was captured by Pakistani officials and delivered to Iran with U.S. support: "It doesn't matter what they say. They know the truth."
On November 3, 2010, the U.S. Department of State officially designated Jundallah as a Foreign Terrorist Organization, thereby making it a crime for any person in the United States or subject to the jurisdiction of the United States to knowingly provide material support or resources to Jundallah.
In January 2012, an article by Mark Perry questioned the validity of the previous allegations, asserting that the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) "had barred even the most incidental contact with Jundallah." The rumors originated in an Israeli Mossad "false flag" operation; Mossad agents posing as CIA officers supposedly met with and recruited members of Jundullah in cities such as London to carry out attacks against Iran. President George W. Bush "went absolutely ballistic" when he learned of Israel's actions, but the situation was not resolved until President Barack Obama's administration "drastically scaled back joint U.S.-Israel intelligence programs targeting Iran" and ultimately designated Jundallah a terrorist organization in November 2010. Although the CIA cut all ties with Jundallah after the 2007 Zahedan bombings, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and United States Department of Defense continued to gather intelligence on Jundallah through assets cultivated by "FBI counterterrorism task force officer"; the CIA co-authorized a 2008 trip McHale made to meet his informants in Afghanistan. According to The New York Times: "Current and former officials say the American government never directed or approved any Jundallah operations. And they say there was never a case when the United States was told the timing and target of a terrorist attack yet took no action to prevent it."
On November 9, 2014, The New York Times published an article on the front page of its Late Edition, which states that an FBI counterterrorism task force officer by the name of Thomas McHale "had traveled to Afghanistan and Pakistan and developed informants inside Jundallah's leadership, who then came under the joint supervision of the FBI and CIA."
United Kingdom
Iranian authorities also accused the United Kingdom of supporting Jundallah.
In a BBC production "Panorama: Obama and the Ayatollah", a terrorist organisation which had carried out acts of terror leading to death of civilians and children in Iran is briefly mentioned but not named, with the official prosecution files and their Interpol warrants blacked out in video. The international warrants call for their arrest under international anti-terrorism laws, which had not happened and Tehran blames western governments particularly the British government for protecting them from an international arrest.
Pakistan
Jundallah is also actively involved and conducts terrorist attacks having linked up with other banned religious groups . Pakistan had worked with Iran especially during the time of the Shah in fighting many of the separatist groups in Balochistan. Pakistan's assistance in the capture and arrest of Jundallah's leader. Despite denials, a few Iranian MPs have often even castigated Pakistan's efforts in tackling the Baloch-based insurgency. Hossein Ali Shahriari, Zahedan's representative in parliament, rhetorically asked, "Why does our diplomatic apparatus not seriously confront the Pakistani government for harboring bandits and regime's enemies? Why do security, military and police officials not take more serious action?". It had been claimed, Jundallah can not operate with at least some degree of support from within Pakistan and that elements from within Pakistani security establishment, particularly ISI with financial support of Saudi Arabia and its supplementation through the largest opium black market in the world have woven a complicated web of drug smugglers and terrorists to project power in the region and beyond. General Hasan Firoozabadi of Iranian Army said, one of the main bases of Jundallah had been identified and pointed out to Pakistan and Iran is awaiting for Pakistan's action on the matter. In a rare criticism Iranian Intelligence minister after the Saravan attack claimed Pakistan is not meaningfully cooperating with Iran on the issue of Jundallah.
At least some Iranian analysts believe this huge transnational web comprising economic, political and military dimensions is ultimately being run by CIA (Special Activities Division), aiming to topple or at least weaken Iranian government; with Pakistan just being a pawn much like the earlier United States support for Mujahedin against Soviet Union with collaboration of Pakistan. These analysts believe the ideological element supporting Jundallah and similar groups come from religious madrassah's of Pakistan supported religiously and financially by the United States and Saudi Arabia.
Saudi Arabia
Iran considers Jundallah as a group connected to Taliban and their opium revenues, as well as receiving financial and ideological support directly from Saudi Arabia in collusion with other hard-line elements within Pakistan and Afghanistan. Others alleged that United States had long supported Low intensity conflict and assassinations with Saudi money, especially against nationalists, socialists, and Shias.
American journalist Dan Rather had traveled to Pakistan, United Arab Emirates, Sweden, and France investigating Jundallah and its funding sources. On the US cable channel HDnet's television news magazine Dan Rather Reports, he indicated that support comes from Balochis in Sweden where Radio Baloch FM is broadcast from Stockholm.
Timeline
2005 Attack on Iranian President
The motorcade of Iranian president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad was ambushed during his visit to Balochistan province, in which at least one of his bodyguards was killed and others injured.
2006 Tasooki Attack
On 16 March 2006, four days before Iranian new year, Jundallah blocked a road near Tasooki and killed 21 civilians. A thirteen-year-old student on his way to new year holidays was caught in the crossfire.
2007 Zahedan Bombing
On February 14, 2007, a car bomb and gunfire directed at a bus killed 18 members of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps. Guards commander Qasem Rezaei said, "This blind terrorist operation led to the martyrdom of 18 citizens of Zahedan" and attributed the attack to "insurgents and elements of insecurity." Jundallah claimed responsibility for the attack on 15 February.
Iranian security forces also arrested five suspects, two of whom were carrying camcorders and grenades when they were arrested, while the police killed the main "agent" of the attack. Among the arrestees was Said Qanbarzehi, a Balochi, who was hanged in Zahedan prison on 27 May 2007. He had been sentenced to death at the age of 17 along with six other Balochi men—Javad Naroui, Masoud Nosratzehi, Houshang Shahnavazi, Yahya Sohrabzehi, Ali Reza Brahoui and Abdalbek Kahrazehi (also known as Abdalmalek)—in March 2007, despite the absolute international prohibition on the execution of child offenders. Two days later on Friday, Feb 16 2007, Jundallah bombed a girls school in city of Zahedan and the leader of the group took responsibility for it on the official TV of MEK.
Mass abduction
Jundallah militants kidnapped 21 Iranian truck drivers near Chabahar on August 19, 2007 and brought them to Pakistan. Pakistani forces later freed all of them.
Police abduction
In June 2008, 16 police officers in Saravan were abducted and brought into Pakistan. Jundullah claimed responsibility and subsequently demanded the release of 200 militants from the Iranian government. Some sources claim that one of the hostages was released in September, 2008, while others assert that all 16 were killed by Jundullah in December.
Saravan Bombing
In a rare suicide bombing in Iran, a car bomb was driven into a security building in Saravan, on December 29, 2008. The explosion killed four Iranians.
Saravan Ambush
On January 25, 2009, 12 members of the Revolutionary Guards were ambushed and killed by Jundallah near Saravan.
Zahedan Mosque Blast
A bomb blast on May 28, 2009 rocked a mosque in the south-eastern Iranian city of Zahedan as mourners participated in a ceremony marking the death of the daughter of the prophet of Islam, which killed 25 people and injured 125 others, less than 3 weeks before the Iranian 2009 presidential elections. The Iranian government promptly accused the United States of having financed and orchestrated the attack in order to destabilize the nation in the leadup to its presidential election. Two days after the attack, three men were publicly hanged for smuggling the explosives used in the attack into Iran from Pakistan. The trio were already in prison at the time of attack and had been tried for previous attacks by Jundallah including the 2007 Zahedan bombings. Interior Minister Sadegh Mahsouli said in a statement posted on the Internet that "those who committed the Thursday bombing are neither Shia nor Sunni. They are Americans and Israelis." Abdel Raouf Rigi, the spokesman for Jundallah, claimed responsibility on a Saudi Arabian state owned TV channel, Al-Arabiya.
2009 Pishin Bombing
On October 18, 2009, 42 people were killed in a suicide bombing in the Pishin District of Sistan-Baluchistan, including at least 6 officers in Iran's Revolutionary Guards, including the deputy commander of the Guards' ground force, General Noor Ali Shooshtari, and the Guards' chief provincial commander, Rajab Ali. Jundallah claimed responsibility.
Capture of Abdolmalek Rigi
On February 23, 2010, Iran captured Abdolmalek Rigi. Heydar Moslehi, Iran's minister of intelligence, claims Rigi was at an American military base in Afghanistan prior to his capture and was arrested on a flight from Dubai to Kyrgyzstan, but this had been disputed. Other accounts report that Rigi was apprehended in Pakistan and turned over to Iranian authorities.
On February 26, Rigi appeared on Iranian TV, claiming that the U.S. promised him financial and military aid to fight the Iranian government, which the U.S. denied. He was executed on June 20, 2010 in the Evin Prison in Tehran.
Activities following Rigi's execution
In the wake of Rigi's capture and execution, Al-Arab claimed that Jundallah named Muhammad Dhahir Baluch as his replacement.
2010 Zahedan bombings
On July 16, 2010, 27 people were killed in a double suicide bombing at the Jamia mosque in Zahedan. The blasts, timed 20 minutes apart to maximize injuries, are believed to have killed several members of the Revolutionary Guard.
December 2010 Chah Bahar bombings
Two bombs near a mosque in south-eastern Iran which killed an estimated 39 people at a Shia mourning ceremony. The Fars news agency said there were four bombers: two of them detonating explosives attached to their belts, a third was shot at by Iran's intelligence service; and the fourth was arrested. Iran blamed Pakistan and its intelligence services, the ISI, for the attacks.
Offshoots
The Baluch militant groups Jaish ul-Adl and Harakat Ansar Iran recruited many members of Jundallah in their continued violent campaign against the Iranian state.
October 2012 Chah Bahar bombing
According to Voice of Russia, a suicide bomber attacked a mosque in south eastern Iran on 19 October 2012, killing one person and wounding several more worshippers who gathered for their Friday prayer. Later, Seyyed Baqer Husseyni, Majlis member, said that "the October 19th crime was committed by the same people who removed the Mojahedin Khalq Organization (MKO – opposition group) from the list of terrorists and who train mercenaries and use them against the people. They are guided by America and Israel." A Sunni group claimed responsibility for the attack, saying "We, the Mujahideen of Harakat Ansar Iran, proudly bring you the news of our first successful operation from our new series of operations code named Ra'ad (operation storm). In this operation, approximately 20 officers of the Iranian Revolutionary Guards (Pasadaran) were killed by an explosive-rigged van in the city of Chabahar, Iran, while one brother Mujahid, Hamza Saravani, was martyred."
In literature
The Scriptwriter is the first English language novel written about Jundallah by a writer from the Pakistan/Iran region.
See also
Allegations of CIA assistance to Osama bin Laden
Arrest of Abdolmalek Rigi
Attack on Tasooki (2006)
Baloch
Baluchi Autonomist Movement
CIA activities in Iran
Iran–Iraq War
Irregular Warfare
List of designated terrorist organizations
Opium production in Afghanistan
Persecution of Shia Muslims
Religious terrorism
Sistan and Baluchistan Province
Special Activities Division
References
Jundallah (Iran)
Baloch nationalist organizations
Organizations based in Asia designated as terrorist
Guerrilla organizations
Organisations designated as terrorist by the United Kingdom
Organizations designated as terrorist by the United States
Islamist groups
Sunni Islamist groups
National liberation movements
Organisations designated as terrorist by Iran
Paramilitary organisations based in Iran
Separatism in Iran
Balochistan
Iran–United States relations
Jihadist groups in Afghanistan
Militant opposition to the Islamic Republic of Iran
Organisations designated as terrorist by New Zealand
Organisations designated as terrorist by Japan | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jundallah%20%28Iran%29 |
Kiting may refer to:
Flying a kite
Check kiting, a form of banking fraud
Domain kiting, a practice in domain name registration
Kiting, a video game term
Kiting, or ballooning, a process by which spiders move through the air
See also
Kite (disambiguation)
Index of kite articles
Kiteboarding, a water sport | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiting |
The Forest City Stockade was built in central Minnesota to defend settlers in the area from Indian attacks. It became famous during the Dakota War of 1862, when it was besieged by the Dakota as part of Little Crow's attack on Forest City. In the 21st century, the rebuilt stockade functions as a tourist attraction and memorial to the battle. Visitors to the site can visit a rebuilt stockade and see volunteers in 19th-century dress illustrate period life and activities. A threshing bee takes place across the road in August. The site of the stockade is between Litchfield and Forest City near Minnesota State Highway 24.
1862 Dakota War
News of the Acton Massacre reached Forest City and within the hour. A. C. Smith, J. B Atkinson, Milton Gorton, and a few others headed for Acton, held an inquest, and upon their return to Forest City it appeared that 'the whole community was in a panic'.
August 19, 1862 - news of the outbreak on the Minnesota River arrives and A. C. Smith prepares a dispatch to the Governor, asking for good guns and ammunition.
August 20, 1862 - At 6am, sends his message to Governor Ramsey with Jesse V. Branham Sr, the only volunteer of 600 people assembled to deliver the message.
August 21, 1862 - At 1am, the message is delivered to Governor Ramsey, who then found George Whitcomb in Saint Paul and gave him the responsibility with 75 muskets and ammunition. Between the 18th and nightfall, 98 teams, mostly double, have left Forest City east to Clearwater, most teams having between five and twelve people with as much goods as they could pack in a moments haste.
August 22, 1862 - 72 more teams left Forest City.
August 23, 1862 - At 11am, Whitcomb arrives in Forest City by way of Hutchinson and finds almost everyone had deserted Forest City, and decision was made by the ones who 'Never left Forest City' to stay and save what was worth saving.
August 24, 1862 - a military organization was started, with people coming back after placing family with loved ones elsewhere. The first mission was to go to Kingston on this day and round up horses to use, which they rounded up 33.
August 25, 1862 - 27 men set out west for Monongalia County (northern Kandiyohi County) in pursuit of Indians, but buried seven people, and passed by ruins of three dwellings and a number of mutilated cattle. This returned August 27, 1862.
August 27, 1862 - 11 men left west to the Manannah-Union Grove area to obtain stoves, bedding, provisions and stock, stopped at Wilmot Maybee's home and had dinner, then to Carlos Caswells, where plans were made to spend the night so they left a yoke of cattle, and proceeded to Silas Caswell's house and put bedding and provisions into the Maybee two horse wagon. At this time, David Hoar, Chancey Wilson, Moody Caswell, Thomas Ryckman, James Nelson, N.C. Caswell, and R.D.C. Cressy set out to recover all the stock they could. Wilmot Maybee and Joseph Page, in Maybee's team, and Phillip Deck and Linus Howe, in Deck's one-horse team, approached the Carlos Caswell residence again, but approximately 15 Indians were waiting, hidden behind a pile of lumber, and shot Page out of the wagon, Deck and Howe were shot at and killed within 350 feet, and Maybee, who ran his team 700 feet before getting cut off, left the team and ran for 500 feet before he was killed. Wilson and Ryckman were close at hand but could not render assistance as their weapons were in the wagons. The party returned to Forest City via Main Prairie, thinking it a safer route, that evening.
August 28, 1862 - 24 men under Lieutenant Atkinson went to the Manannah Massacre scene to bury the dead (three of the four - Maybee was not found until the following spring).
August 30, 1862 - 24 men started for Hutchinson for the 31 guns left there by Whitcomb, but seeing they still needed them, came back August 31 without them.
September 1, 1862 - 17 men and some citizens started for Green Lake on the word there was a family on an island (Green Lake has no islands) but turned back at Swede Grove after a skirmish with the Indians, which two Indians were reportedly killed and soldier Sam Hutchins hit in thigh with a musket ball.
September 2, 1862 - 20 soldiers and 20 citizens set out on the same mission as the day before, when again they retreated at the site of approximately three dozen Indians. During the flight back, O. B. Todd was injured as someone's gun accidentally discharged.
September 3, 1862 - The Forest City Stockade was built by planting a double row of logs on end, three feet into the ground and ten feet protruding out, approximately 120 feet square.
September 4, 1862 - 250 Indians appeared at 3am, and finding the stockade, resorted to burning, random shooting and stealing horses which had not been secured yet. Ten to Twelve Indians were reportedly killed, and one soldier injured, one barn and six houses belonging to Wm Richardson, Milton Gorton, James P. Howlett, Dudley Taylor, A. B. Hoyt, William Richards, and A. C Smith burned.
September 15, 1862 - Captain Pettit's Company B 8th Minnesota Infantry Regiment arrived as the first military organization to help in Meeker County.
October 15, 1862 - The Volunteers disbanded by Governor Ramsey.
List of Defenders
The following is a list of those who defended the Forest City Stockade in September 1862 who were mustered in on August 24,1862 (names noted w/*) and known as the 'Meeker County Volunteers' by August 28, 1862. G. C. Whitcomb claimed to be captain of the group by the captains commission issued by Colonel H. H. Sibley to send 75 Springfield muskets with him (31 were dropped off in Hutchinson, who too were in dire need.)
ANGIER, HENDERSON M
ATKINSON, J. B. - Sheriff & County Commissioner - never left Forest City -Elected 1st Lieutenant
BEHRMANN, H.
BRADSHAW, J. H.
BRANHAM, JESSIE V. JR - suggested Forest City stockade construction - scout with Captain Strout was wounded near Acton on September 3
BRANHAM, JESSIE V. SR. - rode 100 miles to get military aid in Sioux uprising.
BRANHAM, WILLIAM H/A - elected 1st Sergeant - had guard duty night of attack - wounded during counterattack on Forest City
CASWELL, WILLIAM
CHAPIN, D.
CHAPIN, E. A. - county commissioner
COBB, JESSE F. - forage detail
CONDON, PATRICK
DANIELSON, NELS - wounded - secured north side during attack
DART, CHANCEY - guard duty the night of attack and gave warning shot
DOUGHERTY, THOMAS
GARRISON, J. B.
GIBBONS, ELI
GIBBONS, OLIVER - forage detail
GORTON, MILTON - never left Forest City
GOULD, FREEMAN L/G - elected 4th Sergeant
GRAYSON, THOMAS - never left Forest City
HAMILTON, ANDREW
HANSON, PETER E
HARVEY, JAMES M - county auditor - never left Forest City - Elected 5th Sergeant - Quarter Master Commission on August 28 - hero during Indian outbreak
HEATH, A. F. - elected 1st Corporal
HEATH, J.
HILL, H. J. - elected 2nd Corporal
HOLBROOK, D. M.
HOWE, H. S. - elected 2nd Sergeant
HOYT, AZRO B/ALONZ B - elected 8th Sergeant
HUTCHINS, SAMUEL - elected 4th Corporal
JEWETT, T C (Carlos/Charles) - Register of Deeds - never Left Forest City - elected 3rd Corporal
JOHNSON, HENRY
JOHNSON, W.
KRUGER, CHARLES
KRUGER, HERMAN
LANG, JAMES B.
LARSON, ANDREW
LUTONS, H.
MAYBEE, CHARLES D.
MCGRAW, CORNELIUS
MCGRAW, DANIEL - elected 3rd Sergeant
MCGRAW, MICHAEL (JR)
MERRILL, M. D./NEHEMIAH D.
MICKELSON, HOVER
MORRILL, N. D. (NEHEMIAH)
MOUSLEY, ALFRED
NELSON, ANDREW - guard duty the night of attack
NELSON, JAMES H.
OLSON, ASLOG - secured north side of stockade during attack - wounded during counterattack
OLSON, HALGA(R)
PAGE, GEO. R.
PAYSON, C. E.
RAGAN, THOMAS
RALSTON, R. B. - elected 6th Corporal
REEF, EMANUEL M - (Gottlip?) - provisions guard
ROGERS, JEROME
SCHULTZ, RUDOLPH
SHOLES, GEORGE S, SR - never left Forest City
SKINNER, THOMAS H - never left Forest City
SMITH, ABNER COMSTOCK - Judge of Probate - never left Forest City
SMITH, HENRY L - never Left Forest City - guard duty the night of attack - fired first return shot at the Indians
SMITH, LORY (Louis?)
SPERRY, ALBERT C
STANTON, JUDSON A - Clerk Of Court - never Left Forest City - forage detail
STEVENS, HAMLET - never Left Forest City - elected 2nd Lieutenant - guard duty the night of attack and gave warning shot
STEVENS, SYLVESTER - never Left Forest City - guard duty the night of attack
SWOUTART, E.
THOMAS, JOSEPH C.
TODD, O. B.
TORNBORN, NELS
TOWLER, WM - never left Forest City - provisions guard
WAGGONER, G W
WHITCOMB, GEORGE C - Treasurer of Meeker Co. 1862, rode from Forest City stockade to Carver & took a boat to St Paul to sound the
alarm of the attack Aug 22-3, before Jessie Branham did the same thing.
WHITE, N. H. - elected 7th Sergeant
WHITE, S. W.
WILCOX, WILLIAM H
References
Dakota War of 1862
Forts in Minnesota | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forest%20City%20Stockade |
The Trenton–Morrisville Toll Bridge is one of three road bridges connecting Trenton, New Jersey with Morrisville, Pennsylvania. Opened on December 1, 1952, it carries U.S. Route 1 (US 1) and is owned and operated by the Delaware River Joint Toll Bridge Commission.
Construction of the bridge took two years to complete, and cost $6,650,000.
History and architectural features
Opened to traffic on December 1, 1952, following brief ribbon-cutting ceremonies that were conducted on the bridge and presided over by Henry T. Shelly, a vice president of the Delaware River Joint Toll Bridge Commission and former mayor of Milford, New Jersey, the new Trenton-Morrisville Toll Bridge was first crossed by automobiles driven by a railroad conductor and a salesman, Joseph E. Wooley, of Bristol, Pennsylvania.
This bridge's toll plaza was originally configured to collect tolls from both the northbound and southbound travel lanes. Today, tolls are collected only from vehicles travelling southbound (entering Pennsylvania/leaving New Jersey).
Beginning in 2006, the Trenton–Morrisville Toll Bridge underwent renovation work to expand and rehabilitate the bridge and auxiliary structures. Improvements included the addition of a third northbound lane on the main bridge, installing a new soundwall along Northbound US 1 in Pennsylvania as well as lengthening deceleration lanes. This $67 million project was designed by the Louis Berger Group and awarded to Conti Enterprises Incorporated, and concluded in 2009.
See also
List of crossings of the Delaware River
References
External links
Delaware River Joint Toll Bridge Commission - Trenton-Morrisville Toll Bridge
Delaware River Joint Toll Bridge Commission
1952 establishments in New Jersey
1952 establishments in Pennsylvania
Toll bridges in New Jersey
Toll bridges in Pennsylvania
Buildings and structures in Trenton, New Jersey
Bridges over the Delaware River
U.S. Route 1
Bridges completed in 1952
Bridges in Bucks County, Pennsylvania
Bridges in Mercer County, New Jersey
Road bridges in New Jersey
Road bridges in Pennsylvania
Bridges of the United States Numbered Highway System
Interstate vehicle bridges in the United States | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trenton%E2%80%93Morrisville%20Toll%20Bridge |
Atebubu District is a former district that was located in Brong-Ahafo Region (now currently in Bono East Region), Ghana. Originally created as an ordinary district assembly on 10 March 1989. However on 12 November 2003 (effectively 18 February 2004), it was split off into two new districts: Atebubu-Amantin District (which it was elevated to municipal district assembly status on 15 March 2018; capital: Atebubu) and Pru District (capital: Yeji). The district assembly was located in the east central part of Brong-Ahafo Region (now east central part of Bono East Region) and had Atebubu as its capital town.
Sources
District: Atebubu District
19 New Districts Created , November 20, 2003.
References
2003 disestablishments in Ghana
Brong-Ahafo Region
Former districts of Ghana | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atebubu%20District |
Ambalavaner Sivanandan (20 December 1923 – 3 January 2018), commonly referred to as A. Sivanandan or "Siva", was a Sri Lankan Tamil and British novelist, activist and writer, emeritus director of the Institute of Race Relations (IRR), a London-based independent educational charity. His first novel, When Memory Dies, won the 1998 Commonwealth Writers' Prize in the Best First Book category for Europe and South Asia. He left Sri Lanka after the 1958 riots.
Early career
The son of Ambalavaner, a worker in the postal system who came from the village of Sandilipay in Jaffna in the north of the island of Sri Lanka (formerly Ceylon), Sivanandan was educated at St. Joseph's College, Colombo. There he was taught by J. P. de Fonseka, who inspired him with a love of the English language alongside his native Tamil. Sivanandan later studied at the University of Ceylon, graduating in Economics in 1945. He went on to teach in the Ceylon "Hill Country" and then worked for the Bank of Ceylon, where he became one of the first "native" bank managers.
On coming to the UK, after a spell as a clerk in Vavasseur and Co and unable to obtain work in banking, Sivanandan took a job in Middlesex libraries and retrained as a librarian. He worked variously in public libraries, for the Colonial Office library and in 1964 was appointed chief librarian at the Institute of Race Relations (IRR) in central London. The library on race relations built up by Sivanandan was, in 2006, moved to the University of Warwick Library, where it is known as the Sivanandan Collection.
At the Institute of Race Relations
In 1972, following an internal struggle at the IRR (in which Sivanandan was a principal organiser) with staff and members on one side and the Management Board on the other, over the type of research the IRR should undertake and the freedom of expression and criticism staff could enjoy, the majority of Board members were forced to resign and the IRR was reoriented, away from advising government and towards servicing community organisations and victims of racism. Sivanandan was appointed as its new director.
In 1974, he was appointed editor of the IRR's journal Race, which was renamed Race & Class. Under his editorship, Race & Class – a journal for Black and Third World Liberation – became the leading international English-language journal on racism and imperialism, attracting to its editorial board Orlando Letelier, Eqbal Ahmad, Malcolm Caldwell, John Berger, Basil Davidson, Thomas Lionel Hodgkin, Jan Carew, and Manning Marable, among others.
Writing and publishing
Sivanandan was regarded as one of the leading political thinkers in the UK. Most of his work was first published in the journal Race & Class. "The liberation of the black intellectual" (1977) examined identity, struggle and engagement during decolonisation and Black Power.
"Race, class and the state" (1976) provided the first coherent class analysis of the black experience in Britain, examined the political economy of migration and coined the idea of state, structured racism. "From resistance to rebellion" (1981) tells the story of black protest in the UK from 1940 to 1981. "RAT and the degradation of black struggle" (1985) made the crucial distinction between personal racialism and institutional or state racism. "Race, terror and civil society" (2006) showed new racisms, such as the attack on multiculturalism and growth of anti-Muslim racism, thrown up by globalisation post-9/11. Changes in productive forces, especially the technological revolution, were themes taken up in "Imperialism and disorganic development in the silicon age" (1979) and "New circuits of imperialism" (1989)
Sivanandan's political non-fiction articles were published in a number of collections: A Different Hunger: writings on black resistance, 1982 (Pluto Press); Communities of Resistance: writings on black struggles for socialism, 1990 (Verso); Catching History on the Wing: Race, Culture and Globalisation, 2008 (Pluto Press). He was highly critical of some trends in modern leftism, such as the New Times political initiative of Marxism Today in the late 1980s, and of Postmodernism.
Sivanandan published an epic novel on Sri Lanka entitled When Memory Dies (Arcadia Books, 1997), which won the Commonwealth Writers' First Book Prize (for Eurasia) and the Sagittarius Prize. A collection of his short stories was published entitled Where the Dance Is (Arcadia Books, 2000). In the same year, Sivanandan collaborated with British band Asian Dub Foundation in their album Community Music, providing one of his treatises as lyrics for the track "Colour Line", and also lending his voice.
National Life Stories conducted an oral history interview (C464/76) with Ambalavaner Sivanandan in 2010 for its National Life Stories collection held by the British Library.
He is co-credited with coining the term xenoracism.
Personal life
Sivanandan's first marriage in 1950 was to Bernadette Wijeyewickrema; they divorced in 1969, and he married his long-time partner, Jenny Bourne, in 1993.
A. Sivanandan died in London on 3 January 2018, aged 94.
Bibliography
A full bibliography of works by A. Sivanandan is available at https://web.archive.org/web/20120324191945/http://www.irr.org.uk/pdf2/Sivanandan_bibliography.pdf.
Books and pamphlets
Race and Resistance: the IRR story, London: Race Today Publications, March 1975
When Memory Dies (a novel), London: Arcadia, 1997
Where the Dance Is (short stories), London: Arcadia, 2000
Articles and papers
1960s
"The Ceylon scene", in IRR Newsletter (March 1966)
"Fanon: the violence of the violated", in IRR Newsletter (N.S. Vol. 1, no. 8, August 1967)
"White racism and black", in Encounter (Vol. 31, no. 1 July 1968)
"A farewell to liberalism", in IRR Newsletter (N.S. Vol. 3, no. 4, April 1969)
1970s
"The politics of language 3: Ceylon, an essay in interpretation", in Race Today (Vol. 2, no. 6, June 1970)
"Culture and identity", in Liberator (Vol. 10, no. 6, June 1970)
"Revolt of the Natives", in Liberator (Vol. 11, nos. 1–2, January/February 1971)
"Black power: the politics of existence", in Politics and Society (Vol. 1, no. 2, February 1971)
"The passing of the king", in Race Today (Vol. 3, no. 4, April 1971)
'Thoughts on prison", in Race Today (Vol. 3, no. 10, October 1971)
"The anatomy of racism", paper presented at Race Relations Research Conference, London, IRR, 18 February 1972
"Skin: a one-act play", in Race Today (Vol. 4, no. 5, May 1972)
"Angelus", in Race Today (Vol. 4, no. 7, July 1972)
"Anatomy of racism: the British variant", in Race Today (Vol. 4, no. 7, July 1972)
"Race, class and power: an outline for study", in Race (Vol. 14, no. 4, July/April 1973)
"Opinion on academic violence", in Race Today (Vol. 5, no. 6, June 1973)
"The Institute story: the unacceptable face", in Race Today (Vol. 6, no. 3, March 1974)
"Alien Gods", in B. Parekh (ed.), Colour, culture and consciousness: immigrant intellectuals in Britain, London: George Allen and Unwin, 1974
"Race, class and the state: the black experience in Britain", in Race & Class (Vol. 17, no. 4, Spring 1976)
"Race and resistance: Asian youth in the vanguard", in Sandesh International Supplement (4 July 1976)
"The liberation of the black intellectual", in Race & Class (Vol. 18, April 1977)
"Race, class and the state 2: Grunwick: report on the West Indian community", in Race & Class (Vol. 19, no. 1, Summer 1977)
"Report from Sri Lanka, August 1977", in Race & Class (Vol. 19, no. 2, Autumn 1977)
"Sri Lanka: uses of racism", in Economic and Political Weekly (Vol 12, no. 41, 8 October 1977)
"Grunwick 2", in Race & Class (Vol. 19, no. 3, Winter 1978)
"From immigration control to induced repatriation", in Race & Class (Vol. 20, no. 1, Summer 1978)
"The case for self-defence", in Rights (Vol. 3, no.3, January/February 1979) (with Jenny Bourne)
"From immigration to repatriation: 'the imperial imperative': research perspectives in the field of immigrant labour", paper, Berlin: Berliner Institut fur Vergleichende Sozialforschung, June 1979.
"Imperialism and disorganic development in the silicon age", in Race & Class (Vol. 21, no. 2, Autumn 1979)
1980s
"Die Neue Industrielle Revolution", in J. Blaschke and K. Greussing (eds), Europa: Probleme der Arbeitsmigration, Frankfurt: Syndikat, 1980
"Race, class and caste in South Africa: an open letter to No Sizwe", in Race & Class (Vol. 22, no. 3, Winter 1981)
"White man, listen", in Encounter (July 1981)
"From resistance to rebellion: Asian and Afro-Caribbean struggles in Britain", in Race & Class (Vol. 23, nos. 2/3, Autumn 1981/Winter 1982)
"The black struggle in Britain", in Heritage (No. 1, 1984)
"London’s black workers", in Jobs for a Change (No. 8, May 1984)
"Sri Lanka: racism and the politics of underdevelopment", in Race & Class (Vol. 21, no. 1, Summer 1984)
"RAT and the degradation of black struggle", in Race & Class (Vol. 26, no. 4, Spring 1985)
"In the castle of their skin", in New Statesman (7 June 1985) (extracts from "RAT…")
"The sentence of racism", in New Statesman (14 June 1985) (extracts from "RAT…")
"Britain’s Gulags", in New Socialist (November 1985)
"Britain and the anatomy of racism", in Racial Justice (No. 3, Spring 1986)
"Race, class and Brent", in Race & Class (Vol. 29, no. 1, Summer 1987)
"Left, Right and Burnage: no such thing as anti-racist ideology", in New Statesman (27 May 1988)
"The new racism", in New Statesman and Society (4 November 1988)
"Rules of engagement", in International (February 1989)
"New circuits of imperialism", in Race & Class (Vol. 30, no. 4, April/June 1989)
1990s
"Racisme", in La Breche (No. 445, 16 February 1990)
"All that melts into air is solid: the hokum of New Times", in Race & Class (Vol. 31, no. 3, January/March 1990)
"The enigma of the colonised: reflections on Naipaul’s arrival", in Race & Class (Vol. 32, no. 1, July/September 1990)
"Whatever happened to imperialism?" in New Statesman and Society (11 October 1991)
"Black struggles against racism", in CCETSW, Setting the Context for Change, London: CCETSW, 1991.
"Letter to God", in New Statesman and Society (Christmas supplement, 1991)
"From resistance to rebellion", in Texte zur Rassissmus Diskussion, Berlin: Schwarze-Risse, 1992
"Into the waste lands", in New Statesman and Society (19 June 1992)
"Race against time", in New Statesman and Society (15 October 1993)
"Capitalism, globalisation and epochal shifts: an exchange", in Monthly Review (Vol. 48, no. 9, February 1997)
"The making of home to the beat of a different drum", in Race & Class (Vol. 39, no. 3, January/March 1998)
"Globalism and the Left", in Race & Class (Vol. 40, nos. 2/3, October 1998/ March 1999)
"Seize the time", in CARF (No. 48, February/March 1999)
2000s
"The rise and fall of institutional racism", in CARF (No. 54, December/January 2000)
"How Labour failed the Lawrence test", in The Guardian (21 February 2000)
"Refugees from globalism", in CARF (No. 56, August/September 2000)
"Reclaiming the struggle", in Race & Class (Vol. 42, no. 2, October/December 2000)
"Poverty is the new Black', in The Guardian (17 August 2001)
"Jan Carew, renaissance man", in Race & Class (Vol. 43, no.3, January/March 2002)
"The Countours of Global Racism", Crossing Borders: the legacy of the Commonwealth Immigrants Act 1962, 15/16 November 2002
"Globalism’s imperial war", in CARF (No. 70, Spring 2003)
"We the (only) people", in CARF (No. 71, Summer 2003)
"Race & Class – the next thirty years", in Race & Class (Vol. 46, no. 3, January/March 2005)
"Race, terror and civil society", in Race & Class (Vol. 47, January 2006)
"Racisme, globalisering og krigen mot terror", in Samora (Nr 4/5, 2006)
"The rules of the game", in Tony Bunyan (ed.), The War on Freedom and Democracy: essays on civil liberties in Europe (Nottingham: Spokesman, 2006)
"Britain’s shame", in Catalyst (July/August 2006)
"Attacks on multicultural Britain pave the way for enforced assimilation", in The Guardian (13 September 2006).
References
Further reading
Quintin Hoare and Malcolm Imrie, "The Heart Is Where the Battle Is", in Communities of Resistance: writings on black struggles for socialism, Verso Books, 1990.
A World to Win: essays in honour of A. Sivanandan, a special issue of Race & Class, edited by Colin Prescod and Hazel Waters, Volume 41, nos 1/2, 1999.
Qadri Ismail, Abiding by Sri Lanka, University of Minnesota Press, 2005.
Ruvani Ranasinha, South Asian Writers in Twentieth-Century Britain, Oxford University Press, 2007.
Nivedita Majundar, ed., The Other Side of Terror: an anthology of writings on terrorism in South Asia, Oxford University Press, 2009.
External links
Institute of Race Relations website
Race & Class, Sage journals
"Interview with local activist", For Birmingham Black History Month, Raj Pal, 21 September 2000.
Louis Kushnick and Paul Grant, "Catching History on the Wing: A Sivanandan as Activist, Teacher, and Rebel", in Benjamin P. Bowser and Louis Kushnick (eds), Against the Odds: Scholars who Challenged Racism in the Twentieth Century, University of Massachusetts Press, 2002.
Ahilan Kadirgamar, Interview of Dr Sivanandan for Lines, Canada, 2009.
"An Island Tragedy: Buddhist ethnic cleansing in Sri Lanka", New Left Review, November/December 2009,
1923 births
2018 deaths
20th-century British male writers
20th-century British novelists
Alumni of Saint Joseph's College, Colombo
Alumni of the University of Ceylon
British male novelists
British people of Sri Lankan Tamil descent
British political writers
Male non-fiction writers
People from Colombo
Sri Lankan emigrants to the United Kingdom
Sri Lankan non-fiction writers
Sri Lankan novelists
Sri Lankan Tamil writers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambalavaner%20Sivanandan |
Howard Irwin Ross (December 10, 1907 – September 18, 1974) was a Canadian accountant, academic administrator, and Chancellor of McGill University.
Life and career
Born in Montreal, Quebec, the son of John Wardrop and Gertrude Holland Ross, he attended Lower Canada College before receiving a Bachelor of Arts degree from McGill University in 1930. He received a Master of Arts degree from the University of Oxford in 1932. He was also a Chartered accountant. He joined his family's firm of Touche Ross & Co. (now part of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu) in 1932 and was a partner from 1942 to 1969.
From 1955 to 1956, he was the President of the McGill University Graduates' Society and as a Governor from 1956 to 1964. He was also the eleventh Chancellor from 1964 to 1970. He resigned from his accounting practice in 1969, to become the first Dean of the Faculty of Management. He retired in 1973 and became a Professor Emeritus of Management. In 1974, the Howard Ross Library of Management was named in his honour.
In 1965, he received an honorary doctorate from Sir George Williams University, which later became Concordia University.
From 1958 to 1959, he was president of the Quebec Institute of Chartered Accountants and, from 1963 to 1964, the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants.
For his work during World War II as chairman on the Foreign Exchange Control Board and Administrator for the Wartime Prices and Trade Board, he was awarded the Order of the British Empire in 1946. He was the first non-U.S. citizen inducted into the Accounting Hall of Fame since Sir Arthur Dickinson in 1951.
In 1938, he married Dorothy Dean St. Clair. They had two children. His archives are held in the collection of the McGill University Archives.
References
External links
1907 births
1974 deaths
Canadian accountants
Chancellors of McGill University
Canadian university and college faculty deans
Alumni of the University of Oxford
McGill University alumni
Academics from Montreal
Anglophone Quebec people | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard%20Irwin%20Ross |
Águilas Club de Fútbol was a Spanish football team in Águilas, in the autonomous community of Murcia. Founded in 1925 and dissolved in 2010, it played its last season (2009–10) in Segunda División B – Group 2, holding home games at Estadio El Rubial with a 3,000 seat capacity.
History
Águilas FC was founded in 1925, and played most of its history in lower levels. In July 2010, after five consecutive seasons in the third division, the club disappeared due to heavy debts.
The origin of football in Águilas
Águilas FC was founded in 1925, but before the foundation of this one, other teams existed. In 1896 the Sporting Club Aguileño was founded. This team was the best of the region during the decade of 1900, because they won 26 matches of 26, without giving up a goal. The Sporting Club Aguileño disappeared in 1907 due to the lack of rivals. The Club Deportivo Aguileño was founded in 1907 and remained undefeated until 1917. The CD Aguileño folded in 1921 due to economic problems. Until 1925 the only teams in Águilas were the Arenas, Gimnástico and Universitari. In September 1924 the Region of Murcia Football Federation was created, but none of the Águilas teams enrolled in the federation; however, that year the Águilas FC played a match against Real Murcia.
Águilas CF foundation
Immediately, a new club was founded in the city, Águilas FC, which started playing in the regional leagues.
In 1925 the Águilas FC was founded. The team played its first match against Almería FC and the result was 1–1. The team can't have high aspirations, because their best players played in Lorca FC. After being in regional categories for several years, the team debuted in Tercera División in 1956 and in 1998 debuted in Segunda División B.
Debut in Segunda B and the Segunda División B play-offs
In 1999, their first season in Segunda B, they managed to achieve the permanency, but the team was relegated to Tercera División. Águilas CF return to Segunda B in 2005, they ended the season in second position and they played their first Segunda División B play-off, but they were eliminated by Alicante CF in the first round.
In 2007, Águilas Cf received the Royal Order of Sports Merit silver plate granted by the Sports Council. After the 2008 elections, one Murcia's businessman called Antonio Vicente García became president of the club. Antonio starts a project to reach the Segunda División B play-off again, but the project fails and the team gets involved in serious economic problems.
Uniform
The official uniform is based on a blue and white shirt with vertical stripes, a blue sport pants and a white and blue socks with horizontal stripes.
Stadium
The Águilas CF played their games in Estadio El Rubial. The stadium seats 4000 spectators and was football's oldest stadium active in Spain after “El Molinón”. Its dimensions are 95x65 meters.
Season to season
7 seasons in Segunda División B
35 seasons in Tercera División
References
External links
Association football clubs established in 1925
Association football clubs disestablished in 2010
Defunct football clubs in the Region of Murcia
1925 establishments in Spain
2010 disestablishments in Spain | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81guilas%20CF |
The term "Casa Presidencial" can refer to the following:
Casa Presidencial (Costa Rica), the official residence of the President in Costa Rica.
Casa Presidencial (El Salvador), the official residence of the President in El Salvador.
Casa Presidencial (Guatemala), the official residence of the President in Guatemala.
Casa Presidencial (Honduras), the official workplace of the President of Honduras. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casa%20Presidencial |
Pernink () is a municipality and village in Karlovy Vary District in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 600 inhabitants.
Administrative parts
Hamlets of Bludná and Rybná are administrative parts of Pernink.
Geography
Pernink is located about north of Karlovy Vary. It lies in the Ore Mountains. The highest point is at above sea level. The village is situated in the valley of the Bílá Bystřice stream.
History
At the beginning of the 16th century, mining pioneers settled in the area which was dominated by dense forest at the time. According to legend, a bear found ore here. The legend is preserved in the coat of arms and also in the German name (Bär = bear). In 1532, a settlement called Peringer was promoted to a mining town by the then owner of the estate, Jindřich Schlick. The town received further privileges in 1559 and 1562.
The predominant industry was the mining of silver and tin. The area between Pernink, Abertamy and Horní Blatná used to be called "silver triangle". Following the Thirty Years' War, most of the Protestant miners left to neighbouring Saxony. Mining was gradually replaced by forestry and crafts.
In the first half of the 19th century, Adalbert Meinl founded a textile factory. Small workshops for the manufacturing of wooden and iron products were established. In 1843, the town had almost 1,800 residents living in 207 houses. The economic situation was bolstered by the opening of the railway in 1899. In the inter-war period, the number of residents rose to approximately 3,500.
From 1938 to 1945, it was annexed by Nazi Germany and administered as part of the Reichsgau Sudetenland. After World War II, almost 90% of the inhabitants were expelled. The area was resettled with hundreds of new Czech settlers in 1946. Following the closure of uranium mines in Jáchymov, the number of residents decreased.
Demographics
Economy
Today, Pernink lives mainly from tourism. The municipality is a centre of winter and summer sports.
Transport
Pernink is located on the Karlovy Vary–Johanngeorgenstadt railway. The local railway station is the second highest in the Czech Republic with an elevation of .
Sights
The Church of the Holy Trinity was built in 1714–1716. It has a tower in the Alpine style.
The viaduct in Pernink is at the highest altitude in the country. It is a significant technical monument.
The former Bludná mining district is a part of Ore Mountain Mining Region, protected as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Notable people
Rudolf Kippenhahn (1926–2020), German astrophysicist
Rudolf Höhnl (born 1946), ski jumper
References
External links
Villages in Karlovy Vary District
Villages in the Ore Mountains | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pernink |
The Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics in Baltimore, Maryland, United States, is an interdisciplinary center serving the entire Johns Hopkins University and Health System. It is dedicated to the study of complex moral and policy issues in biomedical science, health care, and health policy. Established in 1995, the Institute seeks answers to ethical questions by promoting research in bioethics and encouraging moral reflection among a broad range of scholars, professionals, students, and citizens. Contributing to its mission are four divisions of the University: the Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, the Bloomberg School of Public Health, and the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing. Johns Hopkins was the nation's very first research university
General information
The goals of the Institute are declared in its mission statement: conducting cutting-edge, multidisciplinary research; training the next generation of leaders in bioethics; helping to prepare students and trainees for the ethical challenges of professional and civic life; informing the public about bioethical issues; and contributing to more ethical public policies and practices.
The Institute is named after Phoebe Rhea Berman, who established an endowment for the Institute, saying, "The work that is being done there has great meaning for me and can make a real difference in society." She and her husband, pioneering surgeon and best-selling author Edgar Berman, most notably went to French Equatorial Africa to work with Albert Schweitzer as extended volunteers. His work inspired her, and her commitment to the need for ethical considerations in medical and scientific decision-making was reaffirmed and strengthened.
Jeffrey Kahn is the Andreas C. Dracopoulos Director of the Berman Institute, a position he assumed in July 2016. From 2011, he has been the inaugural Robert Henry Levi and Ryda Hecht Levi Professor of Bioethics and Public Policy. He works in a variety of areas of bioethics, exploring the intersection of ethics and health/science policy, including human and animal research ethics, public health, and ethical issues in emerging biomedical technologies.
The founding director of the Institute is Ruth Faden, Ph.D., M.P.H. Dr. Faden is the author and editor of numerous books and articles on biomedical ethics and health policy including Social Justice, the Moral Foundations of Public Health and Health Policy; A History and Theory of Informed Consent; AIDS, Women and the Next Generation; and HIV, AIDS and Childbearing: Public Policy, Private Lives. She has served on several national advisory committees and commissions, including the President's Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments, which she chaired.
Johns Hopkins University president William R. Brody said: "The Berman Institute of Bioethics is the intellectual crossroads of the University and a wonderful resource for the nation. It is at the Institute that our diverse and specialized paths of inquiry intersect. No collective undertaking is more vital to the future of Johns Hopkins."
Programs
Research and educational programs are the foundations of the Institute's activities. The Institute's programs are divided into five main areas of focus: biomedical research and discovery; ethics of clinical practice; public health ethics and health policy; research ethics and global health ethics and research.
Biomedical Research and Discovery
The Institute focuses on two main Biomedical programs: The Stem Cell Policy and Ethics Program and The Program in Ethics and Brain Sciences. With support from the Greenwall Foundation, the Institute's (SCoPE) Program, in collaboration with the Johns Hopkins Institute for Cell Engineering, focuses on ethical issues in the transition from stem cell science to clinical research, and from clinical research to clinical practice. Program in Ethics and Brain Sciences is formed in collaboration with Johns Hopkins Brain Sciences Institute, and focuses on the careful analysis ethical and social issues of revolving around brain sciences.
Clinical Practice
The Program on Ethics in Clinical Practice (PoECP) has been established to promote education, research, and service into ethical issues in clinical and medical practice at Johns Hopkins Institutes and beyond. Research in clinical ethics focuses on ethics at the end of life, ethics and palliative care, and improving the process whereby organs are solicited and procured. The Program is funded by Morton K. and Jane Blaustein Foundation, Freeman Family Scholars Program, and The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions.
Research Ethics
The Program in Research Ethics addresses difficult ethical challenges in research involving human subjects in the U.S. and worldwide. In partnership with faculty of the Brain Sciences Institute, the Bioethics Institute seeks to define ethical questions in the exploration of the structure and function of the brain.
Public Health and Health Policy
Building on Johns Hopkins' leadership in public health and health policy, Institute faculty contribute to ethical and public policy questions related to HIV-AIDS and other infectious diseases, rationing and the allocation of scarce medical resources, intervention in unhealthy life styles, and disparities in health outcomes among ethnic groups and globally. The Levi Leadership Program seeks to inspire intensive moral discussion about critical issues in health and social policy among those responsible for their resolution. The Institute works with the Johns Hopkins Center for Civilian Biodefense Strategies to explore ethical questions in alternative responses to the threat of bioterrorism, with a focus on smallpox vaccine policy.
Academic Training
The Institute also develops and evaluates innovative methods for providing young clinicians with an ethics education, and performs research in clinical ethics. The Berman Institute mentors trainees through the following programs: [ PhD concentration in bioethics and health policy], the Greenwall Fellowship Program, the Johns Hopkins-Fogarty African Bioethics Training Program; the Arts and Sciences minor in bioethics; the bioethics certificate and various summer intensive courses in bioethics.
See also
Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security
References
"Astonishing Opportunities, Unprecedented Challenges." Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics, Johns Hopkins University.
Freeman, J., & McDonnell, K. (2001). Tough Decisions: Cases in Medical Ethics. Oxford New York: Oxford University Press.
Powers, Madison, and Ruth Faden. Social Justice: The Moral Foundations of Public Health and Health Policy. Oxford New York: Oxford University Press, 2006.
Sugarman, Jeremy, ed. 20 Common Problems: Ethics in Primary Care. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2000.
External links
The Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics
Berman Institute
Bioethics research organizations
Research institutes in Maryland | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johns%20Hopkins%20Berman%20Institute%20of%20Bioethics |
Club Deportivo Badajoz is a Spanish football team based in Badajoz, in the autonomous community of Extremadura. Founded in 1905 and refounded in 2012, it currently plays in , and holds home games at Estadio Nuevo Vivero, with a 15,198-seat capacity.
History
Founded after the merger of two clubs, named Racing and Sport, Badajoz became a serious member of the Spanish League in 1931, when Francisco Fernandes Marquesta donated the team their first ground, named El Vivero. Subsequently playing most of their history between the third and second divisions, the club achieved a consistent stay in the latter level during the 1990s.
Never quite good enough to reach La Liga, 11 seasons in the second division came to an end in 2003, with relegation to Segunda División B, the new third level created in 1977. In 2006, Badajoz was saved from folding by the president of a junior club from the city, AD Cerro de Reyes, who replaced them in the third level, with Badajoz falling to the fourth.
On 1 July 2012 Badajoz was relegated to division four, due to a €70,000 debt contracted with its players during the 2011–12 season. being later disbanded through a liquidation process.
After the dissolution, the club was refounded by the supporters with the name of Club Deportivo Badajoz 1905. This re-foundation achieved two consecutive promotions, immediately to Tercera División and, at its third attempt, the club finally came back to Segunda División B on 25 June 2017 by beating CD Calahorra in the last round of the promotion play-offs. In 2019–20, the team dispatched SD Amorebieta, UD Las Palmas and La Liga club SD Eibar to make the last 16 of the Copa del Rey for only the second time, before losing 3–2 to Granada CF after extra time.
In 2020–21, the final season of Segunda B, Badajoz topped both of their groups to qualify for the new Primera División RFEF, but lost by one goal to Amorebieta for a place in the second tier in the play-off final.
Stadium
CD Badajoz plays at Estadio Nuevo Vivero, which had a capacity of 15,200, expandable to 30,000. The club previously played at Estadio El Vivero in the east of the city, before moving a few kilometres south of the Guadiana in 1998 to the new facilities; the first match at the new grounds took place on 2 December 1998, in a friendly goalless match with neighbours CF Extremadura.
The stadium hosted two full internationals for the national team. On 8 September 1999 Spain beat Cyprus 8–0 in an UEFA Euro 2000 qualifier; nearly seven years later, on 2 September 2006, the national side defeated Liechtenstein 4–0 in the qualifying stages of Euro 2008.
Season to season
20 seasons in Segunda División
18 seasons in Segunda División B
32 seasons in Tercera División (26 as third tier, 6 as fourth tier)
Team re-founded
2 seasons in Primera Federación/Primera División RFEF
4 seasons in Segunda División B
1 season in Segunda Federación
3 seasons in Tercera División
Players
Current squad
.
Reserve team
Out on loan
Achievements
Promotion to Second Division: 1952–53, 1992–93
Promotion to Second Division B: 1986–87, 1991–92, 2009–10, 2016–17
Copa Federación de España (Extremadura tournament): 2015–16, 2016–17
Historical results
Badajoz-Cartagena FC (5–1; 28 June 1992)
Badajoz-UE Figueres (7–1; 14 February 1993)
CD Leganés-Badajoz (2–6, 31 October 1993)
Badajoz-Burgos CF (5–1; 21 November 1993)
FC Barcelona B-Badajoz (1–5; 20 April 1996)
Badajoz-Elche CF (5–0; 14 September 1997)
Badajoz-Sevilla FC (2–0; 22 February 1998)
Córdoba CF-Badajoz (0–4; 22 April 2000)
Mérida UD-Badajoz (0–5; 13 December 2009)
Notable players
The following players have either appeared in at least 100 professional games with the club and/or gained international status:
Dãnut Voicilã
Héctor Bracamonte
Ezequiel Castillo
Alejandro Mancuso
Martín Romagnoli
Sipo
Ivica Barbarić
Carlos Torres
Pablo Zegarra
Adelardo
Adolfo Baines
Óscar de Paula
Eloy
Emilio López
Enrique Galán
Gerardo
Paco Herrera
Xavi Moro
Pedro Munitis
Txutxi
Francisco Villarroya
Valeri Broshin
Gennadiy Perepadenko
Famous coaches
Carlos Alhinho
Colin Addison
Marco Antonio Boronat
Paco Herrera
Josu Ortuondo
Miguel Ángel Lotina
Antonio Maceda
Adolfo Muñoz
Joaquín Peiró
Manuel Sarabia
Víctor Torres Mestre
Patxi Salinas
Pedro Munitis
References
External links
Old CD Badajoz BDFutbol profile
New CD Badajoz BDFutbol profile
Football clubs in Extremadura
Defunct football clubs in Extremadura
Association football clubs established in 1936
Association football clubs established in 2012
Association football clubs disestablished in 2012
1936 establishments in Spain
2012 establishments in Spain
2012 disestablishments in Spain
Segunda División clubs
Primera Federación clubs
Sport in Badajoz
Football clubs in Spain | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD%20Badajoz |
Lepton is a village near Huddersfield in the parish of Kirkburton, in the Kirklees district of West Yorkshire, England. It is to the east of Huddersfield on the A642 road, above the town centre directly north of Lepton Great Wood. In 1931 the parish had a population of 3,323.
History
The name "Lepton" may mean 'leap farm/settlement'. Lepton was recorded in the Domesday Book as Leptone. Lepton was formerly a township in the parish of Kirkheaton, from 1866 it was a civil parish until it was abolished on 1 April 1938 and merged with Kirkburton.
Notable aspects of Lepton
Some of the more notable aspects of the village include;
St John's Church. See 'External Links' below for a survey of burials in the churchyard.
Lepton Church of England School
Rowley Lane Junior, Infant and Nursery School
The football and cricket club, Lepton Highlanders. The cricket team play in the Huddersfield Cricket League. The football team play in the Yorkshire Amateur Football League
See also
Listed buildings in Kirkburton
References
External links
Survey of the Churchyard Burial Ground
Villages in West Yorkshire
Geography of Huddersfield
Former civil parishes in West Yorkshire
Kirkburton | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lepton%2C%20West%20Yorkshire |
"I Missed Again" is a song from Phil Collins's debut solo album, Face Value. It was selected as the lead single from the album in the US and Canada, although in most other countries "In the Air Tonight" was released as Collins' first solo single, followed by "I Missed Again". The song features a tenor sax solo from British jazz musician Ronnie Scott.
Background
Like many of the songs on Face Value, "I Missed Again" is about Collins's anger and frustration about his first wife leaving him. The original demo was entitled "I Miss You, Babe", with sadder lyrics - this demo version was later released as a B-side of "If Leaving Me Is Easy". He re-wrote the lyrics, gave the song a different tempo, and re-titled it "I Missed Again" in an effort to make it lighthearted instead of sad.
Record World called it a "mid-tempo rocker [that] has R&B underpinnings, melodic pop keyboard currents, and Collins' easily identifiable light tenor."
Music video
The song's music video features Collins on a white background singing and miming the various instruments. It was released on VHS in 1983. It received a Grammy nomination for Best Video, Short Form.
Credits
"I Missed Again"
Phil Collins – vocals, piano, Prophet-5, drums
Daryl Stuermer – guitar
John Giblin – bass
The Phenix Horns:
Don Myrick – tenor saxophone
Louis Satterfield – trombone
Rahmlee Michael Davis – trumpet
Michael Harris – trumpet
Ronnie Scott – tenor sax solo
L. Shankar – violins
"I'm Not Moving"
Phil Collins – vocals, drums, percussion, piano, Prophet 5, Roland VP-330 vocoder
John Giblin – bass
Gavin Cochrane – photography
Chart performance
In the US, "I Missed Again" was the first single from Face Value. It peaked at No. 19 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in May 1981. It reached No. 14 in the UK.
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Popular culture
The song was featured in a late 1980s promotional commercial, which featured bloopers, by the National Basketball Association. It was also used in the early 1990s by the BBC in a montage of snooker players missing shots. Similarly, NBC Sunday Night Football played the song immediately after kicker Eddy Piñeiro missed the second of two field goals during the Chicago Bears' game against the Los Angeles Rams on 17 November 2019.
References
External links
1981 singles
Atlantic Records singles
Phil Collins songs
Virgin Records singles
Song recordings produced by Phil Collins
1981 songs
Songs written by Phil Collins
Song recordings produced by Hugh Padgham | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%20Missed%20Again |
Algeciras Club de Fútbol is a Spanish football team based in Algeciras, in the autonomous community of Andalusia. Founded in 1909 it plays in Primera División RFEF – Group 1, holding home matches at Estadio Nuevo Mirador.
History
Football became of interest in Algeciras at the end of the 19th century from the British colony of Gibraltar. In their early years the teams of the city played in several sand fields around the city; one of these provisional camps was located near the fairgrounds of the city El Calvario. This field was the first in where Algeciras CF played its matches. The club was officially founded in 1909.
When the club was founded, it did not have an official t-shirt, so they played with the players own clothes. But when they started to play very often, they decided that it was the moment to use new and exclusive equipment. In that moment, it was very difficult to get sport equipment, so some people who worked for the club, went to Gibraltar looking for t-shirts. They chose a red and white t-shirt that belonged to an English team called Southampton Football Club. In that moment, the team played in different sand pitches near the city. El Polvorín or El Calvario were some of them,
In 1956, the club merged with UD España to form España de Algeciras CF before switching back to Algeciras CF in the following year. After this, the club played between Third division and Second B many years, including some declines to regional categories, with three promotions to the Second Division in 1978, 1983 and 2003.
Season to season
9 seasons in Segunda División
3 seasons in Primera Federación
18 seasons in Segunda División B
44 seasons in Tercera División
Current squad
.
Reserve team
Former players
see
Former coaches
Vicente Campillo
Josu Ortuondo
Manuel Ruiz
Jordi Vinyals
Stadium
Estadio Nuevo Mirador seats 7,500 spectators. Its opening took place in 1999, with a friendly with Real Betis. Previously, the team played in "El Mirador" that was in the city center, and its opening took place in 1954.
Home kit
Algeciras' main uniform consists of red-and-white stripes shirt, blue shorts and red socks. The kit was adopted from Southampton in England, being chosen from different English kits that were brought to a shop in Gibraltar, as this type of gear was not available in the area at the time.
References
External links
Official website
Futbolme team profile
Algeciristas, website containing weekly updates, historic database
Football clubs in Andalusia
Association football clubs established in 1941
Sport in Algeciras
1941 establishments in Spain
Segunda División clubs
Primera Federación clubs
Football clubs in Spain | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algeciras%20CF |
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