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Oplotnica (; ) is a small town in eastern Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Oplotnica. It lies on the Oplotniščica River, a left tributary of the Dravinja River, to the north of Slovenske Konjice. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria and formerly part of Austria-Hungary. The municipality is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.
Church
The parish church stands on the eastern edge of the town, next to the neighboring settlement of Čadram. It is dedicated to John the Baptist and belongs to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Maribor. It was built between 1895 and 1899.
References
External links
Oplotnica on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Oplotnica | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oplotnica |
Bass-bar may refer to:
Bass bar, a brace running from the foot of the neck to a position under the bridge in many string instruments
Short for bass-baritone, a singing voice | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bass-bar |
Gorišnica () is a settlement in the Municipality of Gorišnica in Slovenia. The area traditionally belonged to the region of Styria. It is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.
The parish church in the village is dedicated to Saint Margaret and belongs to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Maribor. It was first mentioned in written documents dating to 1391, but the current building dates to the early 19th century.
Gallery
References
External links
Gorišnica municipal site
Gorišnica on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Gorišnica | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gori%C5%A1nica |
() is a 2006 Philippine television drama fantasy series broadcast by GMA Network. Directed by Mac Alejandre and Eric Quizon, it stars Angel Locsin and Dennis Trillo. It premiered on March 20, 2006 on the network's Telebabad line up. The series concluded on September 29, 2006 with a total of 138 episodes. It was replaced by Atlantika in its timeslot.
The series is streaming online on YouTube.
Premise
Sabina is the eldest child of Garam and Ayessa, who both fled from Saladin to escape from Balkan, a dark magician. Sabina’s life is shattered when her parents and siblings are abducted and brought to Saladin. She will eventually find her way to Saladin with the help of Eloida and Argo, who will train her into becoming a magician.
Cast and characters
Lead cast
Angel Locsin as Sabina
Dennis Trillo as Argo
Supporting cast
Carmina Villaroel as Ayessa / Linda
Zoren Legaspi as Garam / Manuel
Rainier Castillo as Jimboy / Erastus
Ryza Cenon as Sara / Pria
Eddie Garcia as Markadan
Jean Garcia as Eloida
Katrina Halili as Juno
Eddie Gutierrez as Balkan
Jaime Fabregas as Aduro
Nanding Josef as Malko
Spanky Manikan as Carab
Gabe Mercado as Dibin
Valerie Concepcion as Naryan
Sheena Halili as Lyness
Jade Lopez as Amyla
Nicole Anderson as Lyjah
Ehra Madrigal as Vynah
Nikki Lirag as Salye
Gina Alajar as Adana
Polo Ravales as Ebrio
Bearwin Meily as Bodyal
Jake Cuenca as Terman
Gene Padilla as Magil
Mel Kimura as Besay
Guest cast
Ella Cruz as young Sabina
Miguel Villarreal Aguila as young Argo
Renz Juan as young Juno / Janus
Miguel Tanfelix as young Jimboy
Sandy Talag as young Sara
Jodell Stasic as young Ebrio
Darryl Lelis as young Termam
Dwight Gaston as Orbal
Viviene Dela Cruz as Sulah
Mikee Cojuangco-Jaworski as Tamara
Oyo Boy Sotto as Hamir
Toby Alejar as Larius
Shamaine Centenera-Buencamino as Losaya
References
External links
2006 Philippine television series debuts
2006 Philippine television series endings
Filipino-language television shows
GMA Network drama series
Philippine fantasy television series | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majika |
Sodražica (; ) is a town in southern Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Sodražica. It is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.
Name
Sodražica was attested in historical sources as Stoidrasicz in 1220, Stodrositz in 1343, and Stodersicz and Stodrasicz in 1436. The name is believed to derive from the Slavic personal name *Stojьdragъ or *Stojьdražь, referring to an early person associated with the settlement. An older and less likely theory derives the name from sodraga 'gorge, ravine'.
Church
The parish church in the settlement is dedicated to Mary Magdalene and belongs to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Ljubljana. It was built in the mid-18th century on the site of an earlier chapel dedicated to Saint Nicholas. It was renovated in 1836 and extended in 1928. The main aisle altar in the church was designed by the architect Ivan Vurnik.
References
External links
Sodražica on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Sodražica | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodra%C5%BEica |
Mozirje (; ) is a small town on the Savinja River in northern Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Mozirje. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.
Name
Mozirje was mentioned in written sources in 1146 as Mosiri (and as Prossperch in 1231, Moziri in 1241, and Prasperch in 1391). The name is derived from the Slovene common noun mozirje 'swamp' and refers to the local geography. In the past the German name was Prassberg.
Church
The parish church in the town is dedicated to Saint George () and belongs to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Celje. It was first mentioned in written documents dated to 1241. The current building dates to 1754.
Notable people
Notable people that were born or lived in Mozirje include:
Janez Goličnik (1737–1807), beekeeper
References
External links
Mozirje on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Mozirje | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mozirje |
Logatec (; , ) is a town in Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Logatec. It is located roughly in the centre of Inner Carniola, between the capital Ljubljana and Postojna. The town of Logatec has seen rapid industrial development and immigration since the completion of the nearby A1 motorway to the coast.
Name
The name Logatec is of Celtic origin, probably derived from Celtic *longatis 'ferryman, boatman', from the Proto-Celtic word *longā 'ship', thus meaning 'ferrymen's settlement'. The name became Longaticum in Latin, which was borrowed into Slavic as *Lǫgatьcь. Early attestations of the Slavic name include Logach in 1265 (and Logatzc in 1296, Logatsch in 1307, Logacz in 1319, and de Logas in 1354).
History
The earliest mentions of the settlement are from Roman times (Roman way station Mansio Longatico). The vicinity of trade routes between the interior and the coast has always played an important part in the region. First the Roman road from Aquileia to Emona, and later the road to Trieste and the Southern Railway. Before the construction of railway line, the majority of the population made a living as teamsters.
The town of Logatec was formed by combining a number of former villages:
Blekova Vas (, )
Brod. The name of the settlement was changed from Brod to Brod–Logatec in 1955. It was joined to Logatec in 1972.
Čevica (), joined to Logatec in 1972.
Dolenja Vas ()
Dolenji Logatec (), joined to Logatec in 1972.
Gorenja Vas (, ). The name of the settlement was changed from Gorenja vas to Gorenja vas pod Režišami in 1953. It was joined to Logatec in 1972.
Gorenji Logatec (), formerly Cerkovska Vas (), joined to Logatec in 1972.
Mandrge
Martinj Hrib, joined to Logatec in 1972.
The town's brass band was founded in 1913.
Mass graves
Logatec is the site of three known mass graves from during or after the Second World War. The Šemon Shaft Mass Grave () lies on the southern slope of Strmica Hill north of the town. The entrance to the shaft is marked by two pine trees. The grave contains the remains of civilians from the nearby village of Rovte that were murdered in May or June 1945. The Košovec Shaft Mass Grave () is a shaft located in the middle of a woods about south of Logatec. In addition to human remains, investigators have found German identification tags, gold dentures, a ring, ammunition, and remains of military and civilian footwear in the shaft. The Gradišnica Cave Mass Grave () lies south of Logatec. It contains the remains of two to five unknown victims.
Climate
Churches
Because Logatec is made of what were originally separate settlements, there are a number of churches in what is now the town. The parish church is in the Dolenji Logatec area and is dedicated to Saint Nicholas. It was first mentioned in written documents dating to 1526. From 1795 to 1803 a new church was built on the site. The church in the Čevica area is dedicated to Saint Joseph, and in Gorenji Logatec to the Virgin Mary.
Gallery
References
External links
Logatec on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Logatec
Cities and towns in Inner Carniola | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logatec |
The Edinburgh Geological Society (EGS) was founded in 1834 in Edinburgh, Scotland, with the aim of stimulating public interest in geology and the advancement of geological knowledge. It was a time of debate and controversy surrounding the emerging science of geology and Edinburgh was one of the centres of this debate, which is why the Society is among the oldest of the Scottish scientific societies.
Throughout its 170-year history, the Society has seen major changes in geological thinking, from Darwin's theories of evolution to the modern ideas on plate tectonics. The Society still seeks to stimulate public interest and offers a range of facilities to members including lectures, excursions, publications and the maintenance of a geological library.
History
The Society was founded in 1834 by eleven students from the department of Geology and Mineralogy of Queen's College, Edinburgh. They met in Robertson's Tavern, Milne's Close, Edinburgh and resolved to start a geological society 'for discussion and mutual instruction'. At their first scientific meeting, they argued about the volcanic origin of Arthur's Seat in the heart of Edinburgh. They were all students of Alexander Rose and from then on they met in his house in Drummond Street. They elected John Castle as their first President but a few months later, Rose was elected President and remained in that post for 11 years.
Notable Presidents of the Society
1834–35: John Castle — student: first President
1835–46: Alexander Rose — lecturer at Queen's College, Edinburgh: 'father of the Society'
1863–65: David Page (geologist)
1874–89: David Milne-Home — Advocate, geologist and meteorologist: longest tenure as President
1908–10: Charles Clough — Geological Survey field geologist
1917-18: Thomas John Jehu — Regius Professor of Geology at the University of Edinburgh
Activities
Lectures
From October to March, a varied programme of illustrated lectures is presented. Each year, a celebrity lecture is given by a geologist of international repute, who is invited jointly by the Society and the Geological Society of Glasgow. There is an annual Members' Night, where members can give accounts of their own geological interests, specimens or travels.
Excursions
From April to October the Society organises a number of excursions to sites of geological interest. Each trip is led by someone with a special knowledge of the locality.
Awards
The Society annually awards the Clough Medal to a scientist who has either contributed to the understanding of geology in Scotland and the north of England, or a geologist from that area who has made a significant contribution to geology internationally.
External links
Edinburgh Geological Society website
Geological Society
Scientific organizations established in 1834
Geology societies
Learned societies of Scotland
1834 establishments in Scotland
Science and technology in Edinburgh | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edinburgh%20Geological%20Society |
Hank Mizell (November 9, 1923 – December 23, 1992) was an American singer, guitarist and songwriter. He is best-remembered for his rockabilly single "Jungle Rock" (1958), which was obscure on its original release but reached number 3 in the UK Singles Chart in 1976. In the Netherlands, it made it to number 1.
Life and career
Born William M. Mizell in Daytona Beach, Florida, United States, Mizell moved to Asheville, North Carolina with his adoptive parents. He joined the United States Navy and served in the Second World War. After being discharged, he decided to take up singing professionally, with a band featuring guitarist Jim Bobo. Settling in Montgomery, Alabama, Mizell sang on local radio, where one of the presenters nicknamed him 'Hank', after the country singer Hank Williams. Mizell recorded "Jungle Rock" in 1958 for Eko Records; the seemingly whimsical lyric tells of a narrator who happens upon a dance party in a jungle, with "a jungle drummer doing a knocked-out beat." The song did not chart but earned a positive review from Billboard, which suggested the song "would make good swingin' dance fare." "Jungle Rock" was reissued by King Records in 1959, but again failed to find success. He recorded a handful of additional singles, none of which was successful.
Mizell and Bobo continued playing live until 1962, when they split up. By this time, Mizell was married to Rosemary, with four children (including David Alan, John Mark and William Jr.), and he finally gave up music and became a preacher for the Church of Christ.
In 1971, a Dutch bootleg compilation album, Rock 'n' Roll, Vol. 1, reissued "Jungle Rock," erroneously credited to Jim Bobo. The song came to the attention of Charly Records in the UK, who had scored hits with re-issued songs by American performers like The Shangri-Las. Charly then re-released "Jungle Rock" in March 1976, and it duly made Number 3 in the UK Singles Chart, and Number 1 in the Dutch charts. Mizell was 52 years old when he finally made it into pop's history books. When the record was played on BBC TV's flagship pop music show Top of the Pops in April 1976, host Tony Blackburn announced they could not find Mizell, and so the dance group Pan's People dressed in khaki blouses, shorts and pith helmets, danced along to the record with several extras in animal costumes representing the animals mentioned in the song (e.g., "a chimp and a monkey doing the Suzy-Q").
Later, Mizell was tracked down in Tennessee, and persuaded to come over to the United Kingdom. Mizell made another recording of the song. This was eventually re-released in 1999 on the German Repertoire label on CD (REP 4778-WG), with three bonus tracks.
Mizell died in Murfreesboro, Tennessee, in December 1992, aged 69.
Legacy
A cover version of "Jungle Rock" appeared on The Fall's 1997 album, Levitate, interpreting Mizell's song via the jungle style of electronic dance music.
Discography
Albums
Jungle Rock (1976) – SWE #36
Singles
See also
List of number-one hits (Netherlands)
List of performers on Top of the Pops
Musikladen
References
External links
Hank Mizell's entry at Black Cat Rockabilly Europe Website
BBC website ()
1923 births
1992 deaths
American members of the Churches of Christ
American rock guitarists
American male guitarists
Ministers of the Churches of Christ
Musicians from Daytona Beach, Florida
Songwriters from Florida
20th-century American singers
20th-century American guitarists
20th-century American male singers
United States Navy personnel of World War II
American male songwriters | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hank%20Mizell |
Osilnica (, in older sources also Osivnica, ) is a settlement in southern Slovenia. It is located on the left bank of the Kolpa River next to the border with Croatia. It is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. It is the largest settlement and the seat of the Municipality of Osilnica.
Name
Osilnica was attested in historical sources in 1365 as Ossiwniz (and as Ossawnitz in 1456–61 and Ossynnitz in 1498). The name may be derived from the adjective osiv 'grayish'. Derivation from *osьlьnica (< *osьlъ 'donkey' or *osьla 'whetstone') has also been proposed, but is less convincing for vocalic reasons.
History
The Osilnica volunteer fire department became a founding unit of the Kočevje municipal fire department on 28 August 1955.
Church
The parish church in Osilnica is dedicated to Saints Peter and Paul and belongs to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Novo Mesto. It has a cruciform floor plan and was built in 1876 on the site of a 16th-century building.
Notable people
Notable people that were born or lived in Osilnica include:
Stane Jarm (1931–2011), sculptor
References
External links
Osilnica on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Osilnica | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osilnica |
The Municipality of Kungota (; ) is a municipality in the western part of the Slovene Hills () in northeastern Slovenia. Its seat is the village of Zgornja Kungota.
Settlements
In addition to the municipal seat of Zgornja Kungota, the municipality also includes the following settlements:
Ciringa
Gradiška
Grušena
Jedlovnik
Jurski Vrh
Kozjak nad Pesnico
Pesnica
Plač
Plintovec
Podigrac
Rošpoh
Slatina
Slatinski Dol
Špičnik
Spodnje Vrtiče
Svečina
Vršnik
Zgornje Vrtiče
References
External links
Municipality of Kungota on Geopedia
Kungota | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipality%20of%20Kungota |
Dol pri Ljubljani (; ) is a settlement in central Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Dol pri Ljubljani. It is part of the traditional region of Upper Carniola and is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.
Geography
Dol pri Ljubljani is a ribbon village along the old road from Šentjakob ob Savi to Litija. It lies north of the confluence of the Kamnik Bistrica with the Sava on a gravelly terrace. Below the terrace the land slopes downwards to swampy meadows with springs, the largest of which is Manor Spring (). The area directly along the Sava is drier. Mlinščica Creek, a tributary of the Kamnik Bistrica, flows past the southern outskirts of the village.
Name
Dol pri Ljubljani (literally, 'Dol near Ljubljana') was attested in written sources in 1263 as im Tal and in 1358 as in dem Lustal. The name is derived from the Slovene common noun dol 'small valley', referring to the physical characteristics of the place.
Dol Mansion
The ruins of Dol Mansion (, ) stand in the southeast part of the settlement. The mansion was built in 1540 by Alexander Gallenberg after he abandoned Osterberg Castle above Podgrad. The mansion was later purchased by the Rasp family, and then by Johann Daniel Erberg from Kočevje. Under a later owner, Josef Kalasanz von Erberg, the mansion was turned into a museum of natural history, technology, art, and literary history in 1808, to which a valuable library and archive were added in 1810, creating the most extensive private collection in Carniola. A botanical garden was set up around the mansion with thousands of different species, and the watercourses around it were regulated. After the death of the last member of the Erberg family, the mansion passed through various hands, and was purchased by Fran Povše in 1882. The Partisans burned the mansion in 1944.
Church
The parish church in Dol pri Ljubljani is dedicated to Saint Margaret () and belongs to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Ljubljana. It was originally a Gothic church that was restyled in the Baroque in the 18th century.
Notable people
Notable people that were born or lived in Dol pri Ljubljani include:
Anton Erberg (1695–1746), religious writer
Johann Benjamin Erberg (1699–1759), astronomer
Andrej Fleischmann (1805–1867), botanist
Josef Kalasanz von Erberg (1771–1843), botanist, cultural historian, collector
Josip Klemenc (1898–1967), archaeologist
(1898–1985), politician
Valentin Majar (1851–1938), religious writer
(1914–2006), translator
References
External links
Dol pri Ljubljani on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Dol pri Ljubljani | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dol%20pri%20Ljubljani |
Nazarje () is a town at the confluence of the Savinja and Dreta rivers in northern Slovenia. It is the largest town and the centre of the Municipality of Nazarje. Traditionally it belongs to the region of Styria and is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.
The settlement gets its name from the monastic church dedicated to Mary of Nazareth. Right next to it is the 17th-century Franciscan monastery. Close by is Vrbovec Castle, originally a 12th-century building with 16th-century adaptations. It was badly damaged by fire in the Second World War. It was restored between 1988 and 1992 by the local forestry association and now houses a forestry and woodworking museum.
References
External links
Nazarje on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Nazarje | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazarje |
Destrnik (, ) is a settlement in northeastern Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Destrnik. It lies in the Slovene Hills () north of Ptuj. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.
Name
Destrnik was first attested in written sources in 1398 and 1441 as Terstenik, and as Dersternikh in 1495. The name is believed to derive from *Drstenik and, like similar names (e.g., Drstelja), is presumably based on the Slovene common noun drsten 'broken stone, rubble, scree'.
Church
The local parish church, built on the highest point in the settlement, dominates its landscape and appears in the municipal coat of arms. It is dedicated to Saint Urban and belongs to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Maribor. It dates to the 16th century with 18th-century adaptations. The feast day of Saint Urban, 25 May, has also been chosen as the official municipal holiday.
References
External links
Destrnik on Geopedia
Destrnik municipal site
Populated places in the Municipality of Destrnik | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destrnik |
Hannibal are multi-functional high-rise buildings in the city of Dortmund in the districts Nordstadt and Dorstfeld.
Two high-rise building projects were built with the name Hannibal, which were built in the 1970s. In the district Dortmund Innenstadt-Nord (Nordstadt), there was built a 50 meters (164.5 feet) high-rise apartment building. From 1994 to 1999, the building was refurbished by the house owner LEG Nordrhein-Westfalen.
References
Buildings and structures in Dortmund
Skyscrapers in Germany
Dortmund | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannibal%20%28Dortmund%29 |
hit100.9 Hobart (call sign: 7TTT) is commercial FM radio station owned and operated by Southern Cross Austereo's Hit Network based in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
Station history
hit100.9 previously 100.9 Sea FM, began as Triple T in 1990. The station was started by local Hobart businessman John Bender who obtained financial support from a number of Hobart business people, radio industry veterans including now Newcastle-based long time radio host Carol Duncan, and a minority interest by Austereo. As a result, the station was originally aligned with the Austereo network affiliate. This meant, during the Triple T years, the station scheduled Austereo programming, such as Martin/Molloy, Take 40 Australia, Ugly Phil's Hot 30, Friday Home Free, Dr Feelgood's Pillow Talk, The Hot Hits and Party Hard. Triple T also adapted local versions of national formats, such as The Morning Crew (with their "Crazy Calls" and "Battle Of The Sexes"), Two Ups At Two, Triple Plays and The Happy Hour. For a few years, the only difference between Triple T and other Today, Austereo Network stations (such as network base-station, FOX FM) was Triple T's logo not incorporating the Today blue globe - much like Perth's PMFM at the time, now known as '92.9 Triple M Perth'.
In 1996, the Bender family purchased controlling interest from all minority shareholders as the station struggled financially.
In 1997, the Bender's attracted international broadcaster, Andrew Reimer (with experience at Austereo and as a USA radio station owner/operator), as an equal owner and general manager. Mr. Reimer led a change in programming after extensive market research and launched a new Breakfast program "Todd & Dave" with Todd Campbell and David Noonan. Kim Geale joined the team as news presenter and when Todd moved to work in Sydney radio in 1998, the show was rebranded "The Kim & Dave Show". The music format shifted from current pop/rock to a daytime format targeting 18- to 39-year-olds, mixing Classic Rock and new music and followed by an evening program 'The Hot 30' targeting 12 to 24-year-olds. Community promotions, live broadcasts, and aggressive marketing saw Triple T move to the top station in the market in the target age groups and for the first time profitability.
In 1998, management negotiated with Tote Tasmania who held an unused FM license and launched a second FM to join Triple T. The new station, MAGIC 107FM, based upon market research, was targeted at 40 to 65-year-olds with a music format of the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s coupled with John Laws in the morning shift. This strategy was to complement Triple T's focus on an under 40 market. In the initial radio survey, MAGIC 107FM captured over one third of the Hobart radio listeners and dominated its target market.
With the higher audience share of Triple T and the new success of MAGIC 107, the two stations captured an increased advertising revenue representing almost 70% of the market. The success of the two stations attracted the owners of the developing RG Capital radio network to purchase the two stations in July, 2000 and appoint Mr. Reimer as general manager.
Up until 2001, Triple T used the slogan "Great Classics & Today's Best New Rock". Then, their slogan was changed to "Hobart's Best Music".
In 2004, Triple T was rebranded as Sea FM (to align with the network of RG Capital stations). RG Capital was in turn purchased by Macquarie Regional Radioworks, now Southern Cross Austereo.
In December 2008, the "Kim & Dave Show" moved from Sea FM to Heart 107.3 and continue to be Hobart's top rated Breakfast program.
In June 2014, the station moved into the brand new media centre developed Southern Cross Austereo with stable mate Heart 107.3 in 2 Melville Street. This move finally co-located all the Southern Cross Austereo Brands, staff and technical assets in Hobart, in the one location.
On 4 February 2016, Southern Cross Austereo forged ahead with rolling out the Hit Network Branding to more markets. The launch saw the regional centric Sea FM brand dropped to be replaced with Hit 100.9.
Hit 100.9 along with all the other High Power FM services covering Hobart transmits from the Broadcast Australia site on Mt Wellington. Hit 100.9 signal originates from 2 (1 on air and 1 standby) Harris Valve driven transmitters. The Harris Transmitters have been retired and replaced with Nautel Solid State Transmitters.
7TTT and DAB+
Early in 2019 DAB started commercial broadcasting in Hobart.
As a commercial FM operator in the Hobart area, 7TTT was granted space on the new DAB Mux.
This MUX is operated by Digital Radio Broadcasting Hobart Pty Ltd, and operates at 20,000W on 202.928Mhz. It utilises vertically polarised transmissions and is co-located in the Broadcast Australia Site on Mt Wellington, the same facility that houses 7TTT's FM Service.
7TTT is available on DAB, along with Southern Cross Austereo stable mate Easy Hits.
References
External links
hit100.9 Hobart
hit100.9 Hobart Live
Southern Cross Austereo
Hit 100.9
Hit 100.9
Hit 100.9 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hit%20100.9 |
Škofljica (; ) is a settlement in central Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Škofljica. It lies on the eastern edge of the marshlands south of the capital Ljubljana. The entire municipality is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.
Church
The parish church in the settlement is dedicated to Saints Cyril and Methodius and belongs to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Ljubljana. It is a modern building built in 1986.
References
External links
Škofljica on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Škofljica | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0kofljica |
KNYE is an American radio station located in Pahrump, Nye County, Nevada. The station plays an eclectic mix of pop music most of the broadcast day. Coast to Coast AM is heard every night. The signals are received in Las Vegas 60 miles to the east and Death Valley 30 miles to the west.
On May 29, 2008 Art Bell, former host of Coast to Coast AM sold KNYE to station manager Karen Jackson for $600,000. In 2013, the station changed its slogan from "Where things go Pahrump in the night" to "The Big Voice of The Valley".
References
External links
KNYE 95.1 The Kingdom Of Nye - Official Site
NYE
Pahrump, Nevada
Freeform radio stations
Radio stations established in 2002
2002 establishments in Nevada | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KNYE |
The Municipality of Loška Dolina (; ) is a municipality in Slovenia. It is part of the Inner Carniola traditional region. Snežnik Castle and Cross Cave are located in the municipality. Its municipal seat is the town of Stari Trg pri Ložu.
Settlements
In addition to the municipal seat of Stari Trg pri Ložu, the municipality also includes the following settlements:
Babna Polica
Babno Polje
Dane
Dolenje Poljane
Iga Vas
Klance
Knežja Njiva
Kozarišče
Lož
Markovec
Nadlesk
Podcerkev
Podgora pri Ložu
Podlož
Pudob
Šmarata
Sveta Ana pri Ložu
Viševek
Vrh
Vrhnika pri Ložu
References
External links
Municipality of Loška Dolina on Geopedia
Loška Dolina municipal site
Loska Dolina
1994 establishments in Slovenia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipality%20of%20Lo%C5%A1ka%20Dolina |
Franklin Delano Alexander "Junior" Braithwaite (4 April 1949 – 2 June 1999) was a reggae musician from Kingston, Jamaica and the youngest member of the vocal group, The Wailing Wailers.
Early career
The Wailing Wailers was a vocal group Bob Marley, Bunny Wailer and Peter Tosh started in 1963, together with Braithwaite, when ska music had become popular in Jamaica. Soon after Beverly Kelso and Cherry Smith joined the group as backing vocalists.
Braithwaite was with The Wailers for eight months and sang lead on such songs as "Habits", "Straight and Narrow Way", "Don't Ever Leave Me", and "It Hurts To Be Alone". He had the best voice in The Wailers, according to Studio One's Coxsone Dodd, who discovered the band's talent. Bob Marley later commented: "Junior used to sing high. It's just nowadays that I'm beginning to realize that he sounded like one of the Jackson Five. When he left we had to look for a sound that Bunny, Peter and me could manage."
Later Years
Braithwaite left the band in 1964 and moved to the United States with hopes of pursuing a medical career. He lived primarily in Chicago and southern Wisconsin for the next 20 years, and returned to Jamaica in 1984 to work with Bunny Wailer on a Wailers' reunion project. With the murder of Peter Tosh in September 1987, plans for world tours with a reunited Wailers never materialized.
Death
Braithwaite and fellow musician Chaka/ Lawrence Scott were shot dead in Scott's home in Kingston on 2 June 1999.
References
External links
Junior Braithwaite tribute site
Junior Braithwaite interviewed by Roger Steffens, 5 May 1985
Junior Braithwaite biography
1949 births
1999 deaths
Jamaican reggae singers
20th-century Jamaican male singers
Musicians from Kingston, Jamaica
People murdered in Jamaica | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junior%20Braithwaite |
Matthieu Delpierre (born 26 April 1981) is a French former professional footballer who played as a centre back.
Delpierre's professional career started with Lille OSC, before a move to VfB Stuttgart in Germany where he eventually became the club captain. Delpierre spent eight years at Stuttgart before moving on to TSG 1899 Hoffenheim, then FC Utrecht and ended his career in Australia with Melbourne Victory FC
He represented France at U18, U20 and under-21 level, making appearances during the 2002 UEFA European Under-21 Football Championship.
Club career
Lille
In his first season with Lille, Delpierre made few appearances but helped in the club's promotion to Ligue 1. Delpierre played more regularly in his second season, helping Lille finish third and thereby qualify for the UEFA Champions League. Delpierre continued to perform well for Lille though the club finished at a lower position in the league every season.
VfB Stuttgart
Delpierre was signed by VfB Stuttgart on a free transfer after Lille refused to grant him a contract extension. Stuttgart struggled during the 2004–05 and 2005–06 seasons, but Delpierre began to improve under the tutelage of coach Armin Veh.
The following season, during which he missed only one game through illness, the French defender formed an almost impenetrable barrier alongside Fernando Meira at the heart of the Stuttgart defence. Matthieu has also been a vital cog in Stuttgart's success in the 2006–07 DFB-Pokal, in which the team conceded only three goals before losing the final to Nürnberg. On 19 May 2007, Delpierre won the German Bundesliga with Stuttgart, playing a significant part in their success.
His defensive performances attracted the attention of Arsenal and Bayern Munich and also French clubs Marseille and Saint-Étienne. However, he remained at Stuttgart, extending his contract until the summer of 2012.
On 1 December 2009, Delpierre was appointed the new captain of VfB Stuttgart by Markus Babbel. On 12 January 2012 he asked Bruno Labbadia to appoint another player.
TSG Hoffenheim and FC Utrecht
In April 2012, it was announced that Delpierre would join Hoffenheim on a free transfer at the end of the season, on a two-year contract. He was demoted to the under-23 squad during the 2013–14 season.
Delpierre signed for FC Utrecht in January 2014.
Move to Australia
On 7 July 2014, A-League club Melbourne Victory announced the signing of Delpierre on a one-year deal.
On 10 October 2014, Delpierre scored the first goal of the 2014–15 A-League season in the Victory's first round match against the Western Sydney Wanderers, scoring from a Guilherme Finkler free kick in just the 8th minute of the match. The Victory eventually won the match 4–1.
On 1 May 2015, Delpierre extended his contract with Melbourne Victory for one more year.
Delpierre made 53 appearances in all competitions for the Victory during his two seasons in the A-League, scoring once.
On 26 April 2016, Delpierre announced his retirement from professional football at the age of 35, having completed 17 seasons since his debut with Lille in 1999.
International career
Delpierre was called up to the senior France team in March 2008 but was ultimately never capped at that level.
Career statistics
Honours
Club
Lille
Ligue 2: 1999–2000
Stuttgart
Bundesliga: 2006–07
Melbourne Victory
A-League Championship: 2014–15
A-League Premiership: 2014–15
FFA Cup: 2015
Individual
PFA Team of the Season: 2014–15, 2015–16
Victory Medal: 2015–16
Players' Player of the Year: 2015–16
References
External links
Matthieu Delpierre at Stuttgart's official website
Matthieu Delpierre at Eurosport
Voetbal International profile
1981 births
Living people
French men's footballers
France men's under-21 international footballers
France men's youth international footballers
FC Nantes players
Lille OSC players
VfB Stuttgart II players
VfB Stuttgart players
TSG 1899 Hoffenheim players
FC Utrecht players
Melbourne Victory FC players
Men's association football fullbacks
Ligue 1 players
Ligue 2 players
Bundesliga players
3. Liga players
Eredivisie players
A-League Men players
French expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Germany
Expatriate men's footballers in the Netherlands
Expatriate men's soccer players in Australia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthieu%20Delpierre |
Scott Burns (born 23 December 1974) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for and captained the Collingwood Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). Burns currently serves as the Senior Assistant Coach of the Adelaide Football Club.
Playing career
Originally from Norwood Football Club in the South Australian National Football League, Burns was drafted by the Collingwood Football Club with the 90th selection in the 1992 National draft. He made his début in 1995, two years after being drafted, after moving from South Australia and played every game except one for the season. In 1996 he was second in Collingwood's best and fairest award and also represented South Australia in State of Origin. In 1997 a groin injury restricted him to fourteen games and in 1998 he missed most of the first half of the season due to a broken arm.
He was appointed vice captain in 1999. In 2001 he was again forced out with recurrent hamstring injuries and was limited to eight games. Collingwood made the Grand Final in 2002 and Burns played a magnificent season, coming runner-up in the best and fairest once again. As a veteran of the club, he was only experiencing his first final when he played against . He had 505 disposals for the season and was a dominant midfielder and forward, kicking twenty eight goals in the season. In 2003 he came third in the best and fairest. Injuries once again got hold of Burns in 2004 but he still managed to play nineteen games. He played every game in the 2005 season.
In March 2008, Scott Burns was appointed Collingwood captain for the 2008 season, replacing Nathan Buckley.
On 22 September 2008 Burns announced his retirement from AFL due to injury problems. He played a total of 265 games kicking 149 goals in his 14-year career.
Coaching career
He was an assistant coach of the West Coast Eagles from 2008 to 2013. On 8 October 2013, after missing out on the West Coast Eagles head coach job to Adam Simpson he accepted an offer to return to Collingwood as an assistant coach under head coach Nathan Buckley. After four years as Collingwood's midfield coach, Burns accepted an assistant coach position at . After serving as Hawthorn's midfield coach for the 2018 AFL season, Burns served as Hawthorn's forwards coach for the 2019 AFL season. On 23 September 2020 It was announced that Burns would take on the role of Senior Assistant Coach for the Adelaide Football Club.
Statistics
|- style="background:#eaeaea;"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1995
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 17 || 21 || 2 || 2 || 149 || 130 || 279 || 59 || 42 || 0.1 || 0.1 || 7.1 || 6.2 || 13.3 || 2.8 || 2.0
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1996
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 17 || 22 || 8 || 7 || 243 || 147 || 390 || 107 || 49 || 0.4 || 0.3 || 11.0 || 6.7 || 17.7 || 4.9 || 2.2
|- style="background:#eaeaea;"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1997
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 17 || 14 || 6 || 1 || 153 || 84 || 237 || 70 || 27 || 0.4 || 0.1 || 10.9 || 6.0 || 16.9 || 5.0 || 1.9
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1998
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 17 || 14 || 9 || 4 || 185 || 122 || 307 || 63 || 32 || 0.6 || 0.3 || 13.2 || 8.7 || 21.9 || 4.5 || 2.3
|- style="background:#eaeaea;"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1999
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 17 || 15 || 10 || 5 || 199 || 128 || 327 || 83 || 29 || 0.7 || 0.3 || 13.3 || 8.5 || 21.8 || 5.5 || 1.9
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2000
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 17 || 20 || 10 || 7 || 220 || 135 || 355 || 123 || 33 || 0.5 || 0.4 || 11.0 || 6.8 || 17.8 || 6.2 || 1.7
|- style="background:#eaeaea;"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2001
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 17 || 8 || 4 || 1 || 53 || 74 || 127 || 31 || 11 || 0.5 || 0.1 || 6.6 || 9.3 || 15.9 || 3.9 || 1.4
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2002
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 17 || 25 || 13 || 5 || 250 || 211 || 461 || 115 || 95 || 0.5 || 0.2 || 10.0 || 8.4 || 18.4 || 4.6 || 3.8
|- style="background:#eaeaea;"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2003
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 17 || 23 || 28 || 19 || 266 || 239 || 505 || 126 || 82 || 1.2 || 0.8 || 11.6 || 10.4 || 22.0 || 5.5 || 3.6
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2004
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 17 || 19 || 17 || 10 || 163 || 145 || 308 || 83 || 41 || 0.9 || 0.5 || 8.6 || 7.6 || 16.2 || 4.4 || 2.2
|- style="background:#eaeaea;"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2005
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 17 || 22 || 14 || 9 || 200 || 192 || 392 || 110 || 45 || 0.6 || 0.4 || 9.1 || 8.7 || 17.8 || 5.0 || 2.0
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2006
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 17 || 20 || 11 || 5 || 213 || 216 || 429 || 123 || 47 || 0.6 || 0.3 || 10.7 || 10.8 || 21.5 || 6.2 || 2.4
|- style="background:#eaeaea;"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2007
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 17 || 25 || 12 || 11 || 243 || 229 || 472 || 109 || 102 || 0.5 || 0.4 || 9.7 || 9.2 || 18.9 || 4.4 || 4.1
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2008
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 17 || 17 || 5 || 4 || 179 || 164 || 343 || 81 || 71 || 0.3 || 0.2 || 10.5 || 9.6 || 20.2 || 4.8 || 4.2
|- class="sortbottom"
! colspan=3| Career
! 265
! 149
! 90
! 2716
! 2216
! 4932
! 1283
! 706
! 0.6
! 0.3
! 10.2
! 8.4
! 18.6
! 4.8
! 2.7
|}
References
External links
1974 births
Living people
Australian rules footballers from South Australia
Collingwood Football Club players
Norwood Football Club players | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scott%20Burns%20%28footballer%29 |
A nickel–zinc battery, abbreviated NiZn, is a type of rechargeable battery similar to NiCd batteries, but with a higher voltage of 1.6 V.
Larger nickel–zinc battery systems have been known for over 100 years. Since 2000, development of a stabilized zinc electrode system has made this technology viable and competitive with other commercially available rechargeable battery systems. Unlike some other technologies, trickle charging is not recommended.
History
In 1901 Thomas Alva Edison was awarded for a rechargeable nickel–zinc battery system.
The battery was later developed by the Irish chemist Dr. James J. Drumm (1897–1974), and installed in four two-car Drumm railcar sets between 1932 and 1949 for use on the Dublin–Bray railway line. Although successful, they were withdrawn when the batteries wore out. Early nickel–zinc batteries provided only a small number of discharge/recharge cycles. In the 1960s nickel–zinc batteries were investigated as an alternative to silver–zinc batteries for military applications, and in the 1970s were again of interest for electric vehicles. Evercel Inc. developed and patented several improvements in nickel–zinc batteries, but withdrew from that area in 2004.
Applications
Nickel–zinc batteries have a charge/discharge curve similar to 1.2 V NiCd or NiMH cells, but with a higher 1.6 V nominal voltage.
Nickel–zinc batteries perform well in high-drain applications, and may have the potential to replace lead–acid batteries because of their higher energy-to-mass ratio and higher power-to-mass ratio — as little as 25% of the mass for the same power. NiZn are cheaper than nickel-cadmium batteries, and are expected to be priced somewhere between NiCd and lead–acid types. NiZn may be used as a substitute for nickel–cadmium. The European Parliament has supported bans on cadmium-based batteries; nickel–zinc is a good alternative for power tools and other applications. A disadvantage is increased self-discharge rate after about 30-50 cycles, so that batteries do not hold their charge as long as when new. Where this is not a problem NiZn is a good battery choice for applications requiring high-power and high-voltage.
Battery life
Compared with cadmium hydroxide, the tendency of the soluble zinc hydroxide ion (zincate) to dissolve into solution and not fully migrate back to the cathode during recharging has, in the past, presented challenges for the commercial viability of the NiZn battery. Another common issue with zinc rechargeable batteries is electrode shape change and dendrites (or "whiskers"), which may reduce the cell discharging performance or, eventually, short out the cell, resulting in a low cycle life.
Recent advances have enabled this problem to be greatly reduced. These advances include improvements in electrode separator materials, inclusion of zinc material stabilizers, and electrolyte improvements (e.g. by using phosphates). PowerGenix has developed 1.6 V batteries with claimed battery cycle life comparable to NiCd batteries.
Battery cycle life is most commonly specified at a discharge depth of 80 percent of rated capacity and assuming a one-hour discharge current rate. As the discharge current or the depth of discharge is reduced, the number of charge-discharge cycles for a battery increases. When comparing NiZn to other battery technologies, cycle life comparisons may vary depending on the discharge rate and depth of discharge used.
Advantages
Nickel–zinc cells have an open circuit voltage of 1.85 volts when fully charged, and a nominal voltage of 1.65 V. This makes NiZn particularly suitable for electronic products that require the 1.5 V of alkaline primary cells rather than the 1.2 V of most rechargeable cells (most circuits tolerate the slightly higher voltage), and will not function correctly beyond, typically, the endpoint voltage of an alkaline cell. The output voltage of a 1.2 V rechargeable cell will drop to this point before it has fully delivered its charge.
For use in multi-cell batteries, the higher voltage of NiZn cells requires fewer cells than NiCd and NiMH for the same voltage. They have low internal impedance (typically 5 milliohms), which allows for high battery discharge rates, up to 50C. (C is battery capacity in Ah, divided by one hour.)
Newer cells which are more powerful and have a life of up to 800 cycles can be an alternative to Li-ion batteries for electric vehicles.
NiZn batteries do not use mercury, lead, or cadmium, or metal hydrides, all of which can be difficult to recycle. Both nickel and zinc are commonly occurring elements in nature, and can be fully recycled. NiZn cells use no flammable active materials or organic electrolytes, and later designs use polymeric separators which reduce the dendrites problem.
Properly designed NiZn cells can have very high power density and good low-temperature discharging performance, and can be discharged to almost 100% and recharged without problems. they were available in sizes up to F, and 50Ah/ prismatic cell.
Zinc is a cheap and abundant metal, the 24th most abundant element in the Earth's crust, and is not dangerous to health.
Common oxidation is +2, so charge and discharge move two electrons instead of one as in NiMH batteries.
Charging
Chargers for NiZn batteries must be capable of charging a battery with a fully charged voltage of 1.85 V per cell, higher than the 1.4 V of NiMH. NiZn technology is well suited for fast recharge cycling, as optimum charge rates of C or C/2 are preferred.
Known charging regimes include a constant current of C or C/2 to cell voltage = 1.9 V. One manufacturer recommends charging at a constant current of C/4 to C until cell voltage reaches 1.9V, then continuing to charge at a constant voltage of 1.9V until charge current declines to C/40.
Maximum charge time was stated in 2009 to be about 3 hours. Once charged, continuous trickle charging is not recommended, as recombination is not provided for, and excess hydrogen will eventually vent, adversely affecting battery cycle life. Some chargers for NiZn batteries state that they do not trickle charge after the battery is fully charged, but shut off.
Chemistry
(−) electrode: Zn + 4 OH− Zn(OH)42− + 2e− (E0 = −1.2 V/SHE )
Electrolyte: KOH
Zn(OH)42− Zn(OH)2 + 2OH−
Zn(OH)2 ZnO + H2O
(+) electrode: 2 NiO(OH) + 2 H2O + 2 e− 2 Ni(OH)2 + 2 OH− (E0 = +0.50 V/SHE)
Overall reaction: Zn + 2 NiO(OH) + H2O ZnO + 2 Ni(OH)2
Parasitic reaction: Zn + 2 H2O → Zn(OH)2 + H2
See also
Comparison of battery types
List of battery sizes
List of battery types
Nickel–cadmium battery
Zinc–air battery
References
Nickel
Rechargeable batteries
Zinc | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel%E2%80%93zinc%20battery |
In Greek mythology, Metope (Ancient Greek: ) may refer to the following individuals:
Metope, a river-nymph, the daughter of the river Ladon and Stymphalis, thus sister to Daphne. Her waters were near the town of Stymphalus in the Peloponnesus. She married the river god Asopus by whom she had several (either 12 or 20) daughters, including Aegina, Salamis, Thebe, Corcyra, Tanagra, Thespia, Cleone, Sinope, Peirene, Asopis, Ornea, Chalcis, Harpina and Ismene; and sons, including Pelagon (Pelasgus) and Ismenus. The question of the exact parentage of these children of Asopus is very vague.
Metope, a daughter of the above Asopus in some accounts.
Metope, consort of the river god Sangarius. Some say these were the possible parents of Hecuba. She may be identical or different from the above Metope.
Metope, an Epirotian princess as the daughter of King Echetus. She had an intrigue with a lover and as a punishment her father mutilated the lover and blinded Metope by piercing her eyes with bronze needles. He then incarcerated her in a tower and gave her grains of bronze, promising that she would regain her sight when she had ground these grains into flour. Eustathius and the scholia on this passage call the daughter and her lover Amphissa and Aechmodicus respectively.
Notes
References
Apollodorus, The Library with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. . Online version at the Perseus Digital Library. Greek text available from the same website.
Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica translated by Robert Cooper Seaton (1853-1915), R. C. Loeb Classical Library Volume 001. London, William Heinemann Ltd, 1912. Online version at the Topos Text Project.
Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica. George W. Mooney. London. Longmans, Green. 1912. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
Diodorus Siculus, The Library of History translated by Charles Henry Oldfather. Twelve volumes. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1989. Vol. 3. Books 4.59–8. Online version at Bill Thayer's Web Site.
Homer, The Odyssey with an English Translation by A.T. Murray, PH.D. in two volumes. Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1919. . Online version at the Perseus Digital Library. Greek text available from the same website.
Pindar, Odes translated by Diane Arnson Svarlien. 1990. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
Pindar, The Odes of Pindar including the Principal Fragments with an Introduction and an English Translation by Sir John Sandys, Litt.D., FBA. Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1937. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
Naiads
Nymphs
Children of Potamoi
Mythological blind people | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metope%20%28mythology%29 |
Charak may refer to:
Bandar Charak, a city in Iran
Charak, Bushehr, a village in Iran
Charaka, ancient Ayurveda figure
Charak Puja, a folk festival of Bengal
Charak, Yarkant County, Kashgar Prefecture, Xinjiang | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charak |
Terence Westley (born 18 September 1959) is an association football coach and manager. Until 2011 he was the Academy Director at Birmingham City and in July 2014 he was appointed to a similar role with West Ham United. He has had brief spells as manager at Luton Town in 1995 and Derby County in 2006.
Coaching and managerial career
Westley previously worked at Rushden & Diamonds, Ipswich Town, Charlton Athletic, Luton Town and Derby County. At these clubs he was responsible for developing young players, who included Matthew Upson, Kieron Dyer, Richard Wright, Titus Bramble and Kevin Lisbie. At Derby, he oversaw the development of young stars such as Tom Huddlestone, Lee Holmes, Giles Barnes, Lewin Nyatanga and Miles Addison.
Westley took the helm at Luton Town in July 1995 after the departure of David Pleat. He saw out the 1994–95 football season with Luton Town finishing 16th in Division 1. The following season did not get off to a good start and Westley was sacked after a 0–4 defeat at Portsmouth.
Westley was made caretaker manager of Derby County in January 2006 following the departure of Phil Brown. He lost his first game in charge 1–0 at home to Sheffield United and despite not managing a win in four further outings, was made manager until the end of the season. His first victory was a 1–0 home win over Plymouth Argyle just two days later. Despite achieving his objective of keeping the club in the Championship by the end of the season he was not offered the job of permanent manager, instead being replaced by Billy Davies.
He joined Birmingham City as director of their youth academy in 2006. In his first season, he led the under-18 side to the quarter-final of the FA Youth Cup, and two years later they reached the semi-final of the same competition. After completing a report to the club's board of directors, which contained recommendations needed to "push [the Academy] to the next level", Westley left the club by mutual consent in February 2011.
In July 2014 Westley became academy director at West Ham United, replacing long-term incumbent, Tony Carr.
Performance by club
References
External links
Living people
Charlton Athletic F.C. non-playing staff
English football managers
Derby County F.C. managers
Luton Town F.C. managers
English Football League managers
Birmingham City F.C. non-playing staff
1959 births
West Ham United F.C. non-playing staff
Sportspeople from Ipswich | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terry%20Westley |
Métopes, Op. 29, is a work for piano solo by the Polish composer Karol Szymanowski, completed in 1915. It is a cycle of three miniature tone poems drawing on Greek mythology.
Each of the three movements features a female character encountered by Odysseus on his homeward voyage. The movements are:
"The Isle of the Sirens"
"Calypso"
"Nausicaa"
The work may have been inspired by the metopes of the temple at Selinunte.
The composition is the first of four piano works composed by Szymanowski during the First World War, an intensely productive period for the composer. In style it resembles impressionism and bitonal works by Ravel and Debussy.
References
Didier van Moere, CD booklet insert: Szymanowki Sonata no 3, Masques, Métopes, performed by Piotr Anderszewski, 2005
Malcolm MacDonald, CD booklet insert: Szymanowski piano works and works for violin and piano, various performers, EMI classics 2005
External links
Lecture-recital by Mikoklaj Warszynski who has recorded the work on this album which appears on Spotify
Compositions for solo piano
Compositions by Karol Szymanowski
1915 compositions
Suites (music) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9topes |
The , or "Killing Stone", is a stone in the volcanic mountains of Nasu, an area of Tochigi Prefecture, Japan, that is famous for sulphurous hot springs. In Japanese mythology, the stone is said to kill anyone who comes into contact with it. In Japan, rocks and large stones in areas where volcanic toxic gases are generated are often named Sessho-seki (殺生石), meaning Killing Stone, and the representative of such stones is this one associated with the legend of Tamamo-no-Mae and the nine-tailed fox.
Legend
The stone is believed to be the transformed corpse of Tamamo-no-Mae, a beautiful woman who was exposed as a nine-tailed fox working for an evil daimyō plotting to kill Emperor Toba and take his throne. According to the otogi-zōshi, when the nine-tailed fox was killed by the famous warrior named Miura-no-suke, her body became the Sessho-seki. Later, a Buddhist priest called Genno stopped for a rest near the stone and was threatened by the spirit of Tamamo-no-Mae. Genno performed exorcism rituals and begged the spirit to consider her salvation. Tamamo-no-Mae relented and swore never to haunt the stone again.
Split
It was reported on March 5, 2022 that the stone had split into two parts, likely as a result of natural weathering. Some netizens expressed their fear of the exorcised Kitsune. On 26 March 2022, the local government had priests host a ceremony to appease the spirit and pacify the beast at the site with prayers, offerings, and waving haraegushi upon the split rock.
In literature
A Noh play about the stone, attributed to Hiyoshi Sa'ami.
It was mentioned in Oku no Hosomichi by Matsuo Bashō as he visited the stone in the 17th century and tells of his visit in his book (Narrow Road to the Deep North).
Tamamo-no-Mae, a novel by Kido Okamoto, was based on the legend of the stone. A film adaptation, Kyuubi no Kitsune to Tobimaru (Sesshouseki) followed.
In chapter 123 of the manga Bakidou the author used the story of the rock breaking to show the kick power of one of the characters.
Gallery
References
Japanese mythology
Mythological objects
Noh plays
Stones | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sessho-seki |
Balçova is a municipality and district of İzmir Province, Turkey. Its area is 16 km2, and its population is 80,721 (2022). It covers the western part of the Greater Metropolitan Area of Izmir. Balçova is a fully urbanized at the rate of 100 percent. Balçova district area follows the southern coastline of the inner Gulf of Izmir, on the road to Çeşme and is at a distance of to the west from the traditional center of Izmir (Konak), which it borders on the east. Balçova district further neighbors the district area Narlıdere to the south and the west, both of its neighbors being among Izmir's metropolitan districts. Balçova district's overall levels of education are among the highest in Turkey, the literacy rate reaching 98 per cent, while the calculations for average yearly income per inhabitant situate it slightly below the national average, at 4.327 US Dollars, for which its open approach to outside immigration may have played a role. The overall appearance of Balçova leaves the impression of a locality where people are generally educated and who subsist on mid-revenues. The economy is largely based on commerce and tourism, its three shopping malls constituting the backbone for the first range of activities, and its thermal baths for the second. New housing projects putting Balçova's advantageous location to benefit and generally aimed at mid- to higher- income residents started to be built in recent years and as such, Balçova became in recent years one of Izmir's metropolitan districts where the economy grew the fastest. Balçova is home to Izmir University of Economics.
Agamemnon Baths
The baths are well-known since antiquity and the name ancient, and makes reference to a contingent of Greeks under Agamemnon during the Trojan War who were led by an oracle to the warm springs to heal their wounds after a battle. Aelius Aristides had also frequently resorted in the baths and had reported that it was here that Asclepius had first began to prophesy.
A number of sulfurous hot springs rise in and around a small stream, which previously dried up in summer, but which is now kept in service all year round thanks to modern installations centered around a five-star hotel. The waters, of a temperature of to 160 degrees Fahrenheit, are considered good for rheumatism, sciatica, gallstones and eczema. The baths are remain extremely popular both by themselves and by the thermal establishment's having extended its range of activities also in the field of congress and exhibition tourism.
Visitor attractions
Two decommissioned ships of the Turkish Navy, a submarine and a frigate, are the main attractions of the İnciralti Sea Museum. The Balçova Gondola operates on a nearby hill.
Composition
There are 8 neighbourhoods in Balçova District:
Bahçelerarası
Çetin Emeç
Eğitim
Fevziçakmak
İnciraltı
Korutürk
Onur
Teleferik
Resources
References
External links
İzmir Metropolitan Municipality
Populated coastal places in Turkey
Populated places in İzmir Province
Districts of İzmir Province
Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bal%C3%A7ova |
Bornova is a municipality and district of İzmir Province, Turkey. Its area is 220 km2, and its population is 454,470 (2022). It is the third largest district in İzmir's metropolitan area and is almost fully urbanized at the rate of 98.6 percent, with correspondingly high levels of development in terms of industry and services. Bornova's center is situated at a distance of to the northeast of the traditional center of İzmir (Konak Square in Konak, İzmir) and from the coastline at the tip of the Gulf of İzmir to the west. Bornova district area is surrounded by the district areas of Yunusemre (Manisa Province) and Menemen to the north, Kemalpaşa to the east, Buca to the south, and Konak and Karşıyaka to the west, where the larger part of İzmir's urban area extends. Bornova is home to Ege University's main campus and associated hospital, one of the largest and foremost medical centers in western Turkey.
Name and origins
During the Ottoman period, Bornova was called بیرونآباد "Birunabad", often rendered as "Bournabad" or "Bournabat" in Western sources, which is a Persian name meaning "outside village" (the Persian ābād آباد means village/city, same suffix as in the names such as Haydarabad and Islamabad). Although befitting a settlement slightly outside a greater metropolitan zone, that the name "Birunabad" is based on an adjective in Bornova's case, makes an association with an earlier Byzantine name more likely. In fact, under the Byzantine and Nicean Empires the region was called "Prinobaris" and was notable for being a source of considerable revenues for the Haghia Sophia from its attached properties here, and was for this reason alternatively known as "Hagiosophitike chora". As such, Birunabad, Bournabat and now Bornova could be converted forms of this name.
The recent discovery, within the boundaries of Bornova district, of Yeşilova Höyük, on which the fieldwork continues, seems to indicate that Bornova's alluvial plain, fed by several small streams, was the site of the very first settlement by the Neolithic-Calcolithic inhabitants of the region across present-day İzmir's metropolitan area.
Administrative divisions
The municipality of Bornova was established in 1881 and the town became a district center in 1957. Aziz Kocaoğlu, mayor of İzmir Greater Metropolitan Municipality from 2004 to 2019, was the mayor of Bornova before taking over his office for the city as a whole.
There are 45 neighbourhoods in Bornova District:
Atatürk
Barbaros
Beşyol
Birlik
Çamiçi
Çamkule
Çiçekli
Çınar
Doğanlar
Egemenlik
Eğridere
Ergene
Erzene
Evka 3
Evka 4
Gaziosmanpaşa
Gökdere
Gürpınar
İnönü
Işıklar
Karaçam
Karacaoğlan
Kavaklıdere
Kayadibi
Kazım Dirik
Kemalpaşa
Kızılay
Koşukavak
Kurudere
Laka
Meriç
Merkez
Mevlana
Naldöken
Rafetpaşa
Sarnıç
Serintepe
Tuna
Ümit
Yakaköy
Yeşilçam
Yeşilova
Yıldırımbeyazıt
Yunusemre
Zafer
Several unofficial denominations for neighborhoods are also in common use across İzmir and beyond to describe localities often with determined centers but vague boundaries, such as Altındağ and Pınarbaşı.
19th century Bornova and the great Levantine mansions
With a total bed capacity of only 400 across the district, most of which is accounted by the suburb's single large hotel, the accommodation facilities are rather limited inside Bornova, and the hotels in İzmir's center are generally preferred for a night's stay.
Despite that, visitors on a leisure tour are a common sight in Bornova's streets due to the town's historical center having been much in favor in the 19th century among İzmir's European and Levantine residents who left very visible architectural traces, in the form especially of the Levantine mansions of İzmir.
Indeed, Bornova used to be a summer residence for many foreign consuls and wealthy businessmen fleeing the stagnantly hot weather in central İzmir to seek the cooler breeze of the slopes of Mount Yamanlar, the departure point of Bornova in its beginnings. This move by diplomats and the rich was at the very origin of the town's growth in the beginning of the 19th century, until which time Bornova used to be a small forestry village, recorded in Ottoman times principally in connection with the task of guarding the mountain passes leading to İzmir which was assigned to its inhabitants in exchange of certain tax reliefs.
Moving to Bornova during summer for a month or two had entered among the habits of İzmir's European/Levantine inhabitants since the preceding century, but while their rich increasingly opted to live here permanently , the city's Europeans/Levantines with more modest social conditions seem to have ceased to come to Bornova, even for the summer, by the 1820s.
The mansions and residences built in the 19th century, most of which reached our day, restored and in public or private use, are usually still named after the prestigious names of the former owners, such as Whittall, Maltass, Paterson, Giraud, Edwards, Belhomme, Pandespanian. There is a small Catholic Church named the "Church of Santa Maria" in the main square of Bornova and an Anglican chapel and Bornova Anglican Cemetery nearby, both dating from the 19th century, landmarks of Bornova's cosmopolitan past. Despite the obvious luxurious style of the residences they built, these new inhabitants did not always have lives in all comfort. The soar observed in the course of the 19th century in a particular form of brigandage, sometimes interpreted as a form of social resistance and usually associated with Efe tradition and with the coastal strait along the Aegean Sea as well as its valleys reaching inland, often had Bornova as its frontier land. A number of notorious cases of kidnapping involving brigands and the owners of these residences and high demands of ransom occurred frequently basis for almost a hundred years.
Bornova held the first football match ever in the Ottoman Empire, played in 1890 between British sailors on shore leave against young men of İzmir. Turkey's first athletic contest was also held in Bornova in 1895.
Modern Bornova
Bornova greatly expanded in the last decades from its nest under Mount Yamanlar, where the historic and popular Turkish quarter of Erzene was juxtaposed by Levantine settlements, and today almost fully covers its surrounding Bornova plain, formerly renowned for its fertility. The previous tangerine orchards, as well as the famed okra (gumbo) gardens synonymous with the town's name (Bornova bamyası), which had a secure place among the dozen cultivars, traditional and commercial, of Turkey, were for the most part replaced by apartment blocks and the notoriety of Bornova's okras are now taken over by those of Urla. The urban growth occurred the direction both of the seashore and to the east towards Kemalpaşa, as well as to the south in Altındağ zone and İzmir-Aydın motorway.
The population's growth rate reached as high as 30-35% in certain years. New neighborhoods consisting of block apartments were built rapidly, some of which carry the name of the real estate developers who had initiated the construction boom, such as Özkanlar and Çamkıran. Bornova could nevertheless preserve its orderly outlook, with privately -and legally- built constructions and social housing projects keeping at pace with the increase in population, and very few slum-type residences, of which many boomtowns across Turkey are still scourged with. Bornova district counts 147,037 residential buildings.
A number of incidents occurred in recent times on count of delays in improvements along the river beds of the four streams that cross Bornova to join the Gulf of İzmir (Bornova, Laka, Manda and Şeytanderesi brooks), while residences were mushrooming around these. Furthermore, two cement mills and stone quarries, opened in what were empty fields decades ago, are now located next to residences, and the pollution caused by the former establishments is an ongoing issue of concern.
Transport
A "square", more in the form of crossroads in a roundabout, slightly past the entry into Bornova coming from Manisa and which continues towards İzmir center, is the focal point of motor vehicle traffic in Bornova, with Ege University campus and large department stores extending to its south and residential areas served by smaller streets to the north.
Bornova center is served by a railway connection since 1867, initially by a branch line of İzmir-Kasaba (Turgutlu) railway completed during the same decade.
Bornova is currently the eastern terminus of İzmir's subway rapid transit line whose extension continues, and access to and from the city center, as well as between various localities of İzmir is relatively easy with either public or private transport.
Since İzmir's central bus terminal, the huge İZOTAŞ in Altındağ quarter where an estimated fifty thousand people arrive or depart each day, as well as the road junctions connecting İzmir and the regions to its south, to Istanbul, Ankara and the rest of Turkey, are located within the boundaries of Bornova, intercity connections are made relatively easy.
Education
Bornova has 80 primary schools and 102 kindergartens. At secondary-level education, there are 19 high schools and 22 professional schools. The figures for the student and teacher's corps are shown in the table. The average student per teacher ratio is (22,1%), with primary education the most congested at 25,5%.
Higher-level educational institutions are assembled under the structure of Ege University, which brings together 11 faculties, 7 institutes, 6 higher education centers and 7 higher professional schools and 25 research centers. The university had 42,693 students and 2,895 academic staff in 2007.
In adult education, the state-managed Public Training Center and Professional Training Centers offer courses in various practical fields with a total of ~100 trainers, and 12,356 people including participants in literacy courses received courses in these establishments in 2006. Illiteracy is an issue almost exclusively restricted to new migrants into Bornova, and especially to women among these. There are also a number of private initiatives in the same field, such as the 29 companies offering driver's license courses.
Professions
The total of district's commercial enterprises numbering 28,016, the figure reached by accumulating the total production, retail, wholesale units and connected offices neighbors around forty five thousand, which results in the picture of a very active district.
855 Bornova companies are registered exporters and a total amount of $596,224,735 US Dollars could be estimated for 2006 as exports which were made by Bornova district companies. 83 companies with foreign capital participation operate in Bornova and the recorded amount of foreign direct investments between 1997-2007 was $71,928,267 US Dollars. International companies which operate with sizable Bornova bases, BMC, Tuborg, Efes Pilsen, and CMS Tyres can be cited. The textile and clothing wholesalers are concentrated in MTK industrial and marketing zone, built exclusively for these industries.
Bornova's vast plain has been a preferred location for more than a century for İzmir's industrial base. The choice of Bornova by numerous official institutions as their regional headquarters, combined with the services industry, with medical and legal services especially standing out, as well as other professions, all contribute to the pace of the district. Agricultural production is comparatively very modest in added value.
Shopping and leisure
One of the two largest shopping malls of İzmir, Forum Bornova, extending over 67,000 square meters, is located in Bornova. It includes an IKEA store, a Tesco Kipa superstore, seven movie theaters, and other leisure and entertainment facilities. Bornova's other shopping mall, Park Bornova, was, at 33,000 square meters, İzmir's largest at the time of its opening and the first to fit the description of a modern shopping mall in the city. It is still İzmir's largest outlet center and boasts of its own movie theaters, 8-lane indoor bowling and an entertainment center (Smart Play) with various games.
Bornova's open market days or bazaars (held every Wednesday and Sunday) are also well known in the region and a surprising variety of fresh fruits, vegetables, clothing, kitchenware and crafted products can be found by joining the youthful crowd of the market.
There are three theater buildings in Bornova, the one located inside the town's central park, Uğur Mumcu Theater being the most popular. The one museum located within Bornova is Ege University's large Natural History Museum, integrated into the university structure and it is the second largest in Turkey in its field after that MTA in Ankara. There are five libraries with a collection of books numbering 32,378 in total (excepting Ege University library) and three congress centers, all three privately managed within the structure of Bornova's single large hotel.
279 parks in all, almost all with playgrounds for children, are scattered across Bornova. The Pınarbaşı Racing Circuit for go-kart and motorcycle racing is situated in Pınarbaşı, Bornova, which is Turkey's second longest, covering an area of 25 hectares, 7 swimming pools, 8 tennis courts, 2 indoor sports halls, 4 soccer fields and 54 basketball fields compose Bornova's sports infrastructure. 8,591 licensed sports persons inhabit the district.
Five newspapers are published in Bornova and two radio stations are in activity. The total number of cable TV subscriptions is 27,066. 412 civil associations are registered in Bornova and the total number of their members is 36,525. There are about a hundred mosques and three churches, including the abandoned, but still in reasonably good condition, Greek Orthodox Church in Doğanlar neighborhood.
A large recreational area which bears Homer's name, to whom İzmir lays one of the strongest claims, is in the phase of construction in a 3,5 km long valley to the northeast of Bornova center, and it is already very popular among residents although, located at some distance from the poet's native river Meles, the choice of the name may be historically disputable for pedantics. There is also a Roman bridge on part of the River Nif which crosses Bornova district area. The mountain passage at the locality called Belkahve where, coming from the east, one sees İzmir for the very first time and in a very impressive panorama, is within Bornova district and is now arranged into a park and picnic area in memory of one such impressed incomer in 1922, Atatürk. Efforts are also made to preserve, restore and promote the village of Yakaköy with many old houses and fountains in Turkish style.
See also
Ege University
Bornova Anadolu Lisesi
Bornova Belediye
Bornova (Izmir Metro)
Yeşilova Höyük
Levantine mansions of İzmir
Bornova Ice Sports Hall
References
Resources
External links
Metropolitan Municipality of Greater İzmir
Ege University
Forum Bornova
Dokuz Eylül University Dictionary
Dokuz Eylül University Forum
Ege University Forum
Bornova City Guide
İzmir City Guide
Populated places in İzmir Province
Districts of İzmir Province
Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bornova |
Buca (, ) is a municipality and district of İzmir Province, Turkey. Its area is 178 km2, and its population is 522,404 (2022). It covers the southeastern part of the agglomeration of İzmir and the adjacent countryside.
History
Buca was one of the preferred settlement areas of İzmir's community of Levantines. The great mansions they built in the 19th century stand to this day, most of them restored.
The district center is situated slightly inland like the district of Bornova with which it shares important points in common, and on the higher ground that commands the southern shores of the tip of the Gulf of İzmir. Buca existed from the Byzantine times and was inhabited by Greeks, mainly farmers. However, Buca started to develop as of the end of the 17th century when the French consulate in İzmir moved there following the 1676 plague and the 1688 Smyrna earthquake that seriously shook İzmir's core as an international trade center. Its rich Levantine residents who acquired the surrounding vineyards typically had Latin backgrounds, as opposed to those who originally came from Britain and who preferred Bornova. But in the case both of Bornova and of Buca, the concentration in terms of ethnic backgrounds was far from having an exclusive nature. Yet, in 1770, following the failure of the Orlov Revolt, a revolt of the Greeks in today's Greece against the Ottoman occupation encouraged by the Russian Nobles Orlov in 1770 (during the Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774)), many Greeks from the revolted regions fled from Peloponnese, Chios, Andros, and Kythira and settled in Buca, contributing to the growth of the place.
Later, in 1861, when the railway reached Buca from Smyrna, many rich Europeans from Smyrna built their summer houses in Buca. Yet, due to its substantial growth, Buca soon became a suburb of Smyrna and people started to stay there permanently. At the beginning of the 20th century, there were three Greek Orthodox churches, two Greek community schools (one for males, one for females) as well as some private Greek schools also, while there were two private English schools, one catholic nonnes' school and one Capuchin monks school. The Greeks, together with other Christian inhabitants, constituted the majority of the local population, while Muslim (Turkish) population was very small. However, Greek inhabitants were expulsed in 1922 and fled to Greece, where they named their new settlement "Neos Voutzas" (meaning "New Buca"), close to Athens. As a result, there are today only a Catholic and a Baptist church in service in Buca. Many of the 19th-century houses have been restored and are still being used either by public institutions or by private persons, although many still need care. The core area of Buca could preserve its traditional architectural tissue based on two-storey residences, while apartment blocks mushroomed in its extensions, as it is the case in all localities in Turkey which had to absorb immigration. There are a number of municipal parks, notably a vast ongoing project that comprises seven artificial lakes.
NATO's Allied Land Command headquarters was established in Buca in 2012.
Composition
There are 48 neighbourhoods in Buca District:
29 Ekim
Adatepe
Akıncılar
Atatürk
Aydoğdu
Barış
Belenbaşı
Bucakoop
Çağdaş
Çaldıran
Çamlık
Çamlıkule
Çamlıpınar
Cumhuriyet
Dicle
Doğancılar
Dumlupınar
Efeler
Fırat
Gaziler
Göksu
Güven
Hürriyet
Inkılap
İnönü
İzkent
Karacaağaç
Karanfil
Kaynaklar Cumhuriyet
Kaynaklar Merkez
Kırklar
Kozağaç
Kuruçeşme
Laleli
Menderes
Murathan
Mustafa Kemal
Seyhan
Şirinkapı
Ufuk
Vali Rahmi Bey
Yaylacık
Yenigün
Yeşilbağlar
Yiğitler
Yıldız
Yıldızlar
Zafer
Education
Dokuz Eylül University, one of the two larger universities in İzmir, has its newly built main campus located in Buca, in the locality called Tınaztepe. While the university has dependencies scattered all over İzmir, it is largely associated with Buca, in the same way as the other large university, Ege University, is associated with Bornova.
Hippodrome
The hippodrome of İzmir is located in Buca, in the quarter named Şirinyer along the road to İzmir metropolitan center, and the hippodrome is known under the name of this quarter (as Şirinyer Hipodromu). Şirinyer area used to be called Kızılçullu, in reference to a legend according to which Tamerlane would have established his headquarters here during his 1402 siege of İzmir ("Kızılçullu" meaning "red horseclothes"), and Buca's Levantine population, who owned orchards and vineyards here, had named the area under the no less assumptive name of Paradiso.
Notable people
Çevik Bir, the retired Turkish general who was the force commander of during the United Nations' Operation Restore Hope in Somalia and an influential figure in Turkey's politics and diplomacy in the 1990s, is from Buca and a public square is named after him.
The Swedish naturalist Fredrik Hasselquist (1722–1752) died in Buca.
See also
Cemil Şeboy
Dokuz Eylül University
Levantine mansions of Smyrna
Gallery
References
External links
Metropolitan Municipality of Greater İzmir
Dokuz Eylül University
Dokuz Eylül University Forum
Şirinyer Hippodrome page of Turkish Jockey Club
Populated places in İzmir Province
Districts of İzmir Province
Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buca |
Donnchadh Mór Ó Dálaigh was a celebrated Irish poet, and master of the Irish classical style called Dán Díreach, who died in 1244. Mor is the Irish word for "great".
Family background
Donnchadh Mór was a member of the famed Ó Dálaigh family of poets. Donnchadh Mór was the second of six brothers, one of whom was Muireadhach Albanach, also a poet. Authorities O'Reilly and O'Curry considered that he was Abbot of Boyle Abbey, County Roscommon, Ireland where he is believed to have been buried.
Reputation
The annals of Clonmacnois describe him as "Chief in Ireland for poetry". He was styled the 'Irish Ovid' due to the quality of his verse. In recording his death, in 1244, the Annals of the Four Masters describes him as "a poet who never was and never will be surpassed".
Finvarra
Donnchadh Mór settled at Finnyvara (or Finavara) in the Burren region of County Clare, Ireland. Today a hexagonal bick-built columnar monument stands outside Finavara on the coast by Pouldoody Bay as a monument to him, opposite the supposed ruined poetry school of the Ó Dálaigh's. The Ó Dálaighs occupied a rock seat nearby termed the 'Brehon's Chair' used for open air courts in ancient times and they may be buried in the mound below the monument.
O'Donovan in a note to the Annals of the Four Masters states that according to tradition preserved in the north of the County Clare he was the head of the O'Dalys of Finnyvara in the north of Burrin where they still point out the site of his house and his monument. The Ó Dálaigh's of Finnyvara were hereditary poets to the Ó Lochlainn's of Burren.
Poems
Donnchadh Mór is known to have written about 30 poems.
Donnchadh Mór's poems were listed in The History of the O'Dalys by Edmund Emmet O'Daly, published in 1937 by the Tuttle, Morehouse and Taylor Company of New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Selected poems
+
+
+
+
+
+
, attributed to Flann Mainistreach +
+ A Bardic Miscellany: Five Hundred Bardic poems from manuscripts in Irish and British libraries, edited by Damian McManus and Eoghan Ó Raghallaigh, Trinity Irish Studies, Dublin, 2010.
See also
Cú Connacht Ua Dálaigh, died 1139.
Ragnall Ua Dálaigh, died 1161
Gilla na Trínóite Ua Dálaigh, died 1166.
Tadhg Ua Dálaigh, died 1181
Aonghus Ó Dálaigh, fl. c. 1200.
Family Tree I
In the introduction to The Tribes of Ireland by Aonghus Ruadh na nAor Ó Dálaigh, the editors give the following family tree.
Adhamh, a quo Corca Adhamh of County Westmeath
|
|
Corc
|
|
Fachtna
|
|
Dalach, a quo Ua Dálaigh
|
|
Gilla Coimhdheadh
|
|
Tadhg ua Dálaigh
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Muireadhach Ua Dálaigh
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Dalach Ua Dálaigh
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Cú Connacht Ua Dálaigh, died 1139.
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Tadhg Doichleach Ua Dálaigh, died 1181.
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Aonghus Ó Dálaigh, the common ancestor of all the O'Dalys extant
|
|__
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
Cearbhall Fionn Donnchadh Mór Cormac na Casbhairne Muireadhach Albanach Gilla na Naemh Tadhg
| | (issue) |
| | |
| | |
Ua Dálaigh Fionn Ua Dálaigh Ua Dálaigh
of Duhallow of Finvarra of Breifne
Co. Cork. Co. Clare
and Dunsandle
Co. Galway
Family Tree II
Donnchadh Mór mac Aonghus meic Tadhg Doichleach Ó Dálaigh of Finvarra, died 1244.
|
|
Aonghus
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Donnchadh Ruadh
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Aonghus Ruadh Ó Dálaigh, died 1350.
|
|___
| |
| |
Tadhg, d. 1367. Lochlainn, died 1367.
| |
| |
Fearghal Ó Dálaigh, chief poet Donn
of Corcomroe, fl. 1420. |
|
Doighre
|
|
Donn
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Mael Sechlainn
|
|
John
|
|
Tadhg
|
|
Diarmuid
|
|
Aedh of Finnvarra.
External links
http://www.ucc.ie/celt/itbardic.html#dmod
References
Medieval Irish poets
Writers from County Meath
12th-century births
1244 deaths
13th-century deaths
13th-century Irish writers
Irish religious writers
13th-century Irish poets
Irish male poets
Irish-language writers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donnchadh%20M%C3%B3r%20%C3%93%20D%C3%A1laigh |
Çiğli (Silleon in Greek) is a municipality and district of İzmir Province, Turkey. Its area is 139 km2, and its population is 214,065 (2022). It covers the northwestern part of the agglomeration of İzmir, around the mouth of the river Gediz, across the Gulf of İzmir from the main city. The Gediz delta is an Important Bird Area but is under threat from urbanization. IAOIZ, the Izmir Atatürk Organized Industrial Zone, is a significant economic hub and there is a major air force base.
History
Çiğ means dew in Turkish, a reference to the delta marshes of the River Gediz which used to cover the entire area. It is a relatively recent settlement created largely by migration from other parts of Turkey, starting with Turkish refugees of the Russo-Turkish War (1877-1878). Turks from the surrounding region took refuge in the marshes during the Greco-Turkish War (1919-1922), and were joined by ethnic Turks from the Greek province of Western Thrace after the war. The population was further increased by survivors of two earthquakes in eastern Anatolia in 1946 and 1966. Economic migration from eastern Anatolia has continued at a steady pace since then and even the mayor was born in Diyarbakır.
Geography
Çiğli was built on the delta marshes where the river Gediz flows into the Gulf of İzmir. It lies between Karşıyaka, another metropolitan district, to the south and the west, and İzmir's external dependent district of Menemen to the north. The western boundary is formed by the current delta of the River Gediz where the land is under the constant pressure of further urbanization. The future of the delta is among priority issues in Turkey's agenda of the protection of the environment. Many citizens would like to see full protection for the delta assured to preserve its unique fauna and flora along bird migration routes. The delta is an IBA (Important Bird Area) registered with BirdLife International.
Government
Çiğli gained village status after the fall of the Ottoman Empire and became a municipality in 1956. It was attached to İzmir's metropolitan area in 1981, first as a dependency of the district of Karşıyaka, and in 1992 it became a distinct entity with its own administrative structures.
Neighbourhoods
There are 26 neighbourhoods in Çiğli District:
Ahmet Efendi
Ataşehir
Atatürk
Aydınlıkevler
Balatcık
Çağdaş
Cumhuriyet
Egekent
Esentepe
Evka 2
Evka 5
Evka 6
Güzeltepe
Harmandalı Gazi Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
İnönü
İzkent
Kaklıç
Köyiçi
Küçükçiğli
Maltepe
Prf. Dr.Ahmet Taner Kışlalı
Sasalımerkez
Şirintepe
Uğur Mumcu
Yakakent
Yenimahalle
Economy
IAOIZ, the Izmir Atatürk Organized Industrial Zone has 485 factories employing 30,000 people.
Culture and community
Ekol Sanat Galerisi is a small privately owned art gallery with regular exhibitions.
Landmarks
The İzmir Bird Paradise (Kuş Cenneti) has recorded 205 species of birds, including 63 species that are resident year-round, 54 species of summer migratory birds, 43 species of winter migratory birds, and 30 transient species. 56 species of birds have bred in the park. The sanctuary, which covers 80 square kilometres, was registered as "the protected area for water birds and for their breeding" by the Turkish Ministry of Forestry in 1982. The Sasalı Park of Natural Life (Doğal Yaşam Parkı) is a large open-air zoo established in 2008.
Transport
Çiğli Air Base is now used only by the military but served as İzmir's airport until the new Adnan Menderes Airport opened. Çiğli railway station is served by Turkish State Railways and by the new commuter rail line İZBAN.
Education
İzmir Kâtip Çelebi University was established in 2010. There was a medical campus of Gediz University, which closed during the 2016 Turkish purges.
Religious sites
There are 20 mosques including the Küçük Çiğli Cami, Egekent Cami, Esentepe Cami and İzzet Erişen Cami.
Sport
Karşıyaka S.K. run teams in several sports at the nearby Karşıyaka Arena.
References
External links
Metropolitan Municipality of Greater İzmir
Çiğli by İzmir Chamber of Commerce
Populated places in İzmir Province
Districts of İzmir Province
Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87i%C4%9Fli |
Gaziemir is a municipality and district of İzmir Province, Turkey. Its area is 70 km2, and its population is 137,754 (2022). It is situated to the south of central İzmir (Konak) on the road into town. İzmir Adnan Menderes International Airport is situated within the boundaries of the district, as is the Aegean Free Zone export processing industrial park, which is also home to the third space camp in the world, Space Camp Turkey.
History
Gaziemir was founded in the 14th century by Umur Beg (Ghazi Umur, called Umur Pasha in Ottoman sources) of the dynasty of the Beylik of Aydin, who had brought and settled Yörük clans from Konya to the region. The first mention in Ottoman records dates from 1530 and the settlement was named Seydiköy in honor of a Yörük chief, Seydi Ahmed, whose tomb still stands. The town's evolution can be traced fairly smoothly through the centuries by means of regular references in Ottoman sources. In a diary entry dated November 26, 1670, John Covel, the Levant Company chaplain at İzmir (then known in English by its Greek name of Smyrna), notes that the town of Seydoköy (rendered Sedjagui in the diary) was the site of several country houses owned by European diplomats, including the Dutch Consul Jacques van Dam and the English Consul and writer Paul Rycaut, whose house Covel visited. After the 17th century, in line with the general pace of development in fertile western Anatolian valleys based on olive/figs/raisin/cotton exports and the ensuing population movements from the Aegean Islands, Seydiköy was largely settled by Greeks who came to constitute a large majority as of the second half of the 19th century.
The Greek population was exchanged after the Greco-Turkish War (1919-1922) in the frame of the Exchange of populations between Greece and Turkey, and was replaced by Turkish immigrants from Kavala region as well as from Bulgaria. Seydiköy became a municipality in 1926 and was renamed Gaziemir in 1965 in reference to the original founder, Gazi Umur Bey. In 1992, Gaziemir became a district that also includes the former municipality of Sarnıç which was a part of Konak district.
Gaziemir today
Always a hub of crafts and industry both for İzmir and nationally, Gaziemir today has a highly developed industrial basis, with modern residential areas surrounding production and sales centers. The furniture industry (both home furniture and office furniture) is particularly developed. Companies established within the Aegean Free Zone generally focus on export processing, while the presence of such Turkish or international outlets as Migros Türk, Kipa (a Tesco joint-venture) and Metro AG Optimum Outlet subsidiaries makes Gaziemir one the important retail centers of İzmir.
Economy
The airline IZair is headquartered in Gaziemir, on the grounds of Izmir Airport.
Composition
There are 16 neighbourhoods in Gaziemir District:
9 Eylül
Aktepe
Atatürk
Atıfbey
Beyazevler
Binbaşı Reşat Bey
Emrez
Fatih
Gazi
Gazikent
Hürriyet
Irmak
Menderes
Sevgi
Yeşil
Zafer
See also
Adnan Menderes International Airport
Space Camp Turkey
References
External links
Metropolitan Municipality of Greater İzmir
Aegean Free Zone
Populated places in İzmir Province
Districts of İzmir Province
Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaziemir |
Belmont und Constanze, oder Die Entführung aus dem Serail (English: Belmonte and Konstanze, The Abduction from the Seraglio) by Christoph Friedrich Bretzner is a libretto, published in 1781, telling the story of the hero Belmonte, assisted by his servant Pedrillo, attempting to rescue his beloved Konstanze from the seraglio of the Pasha Selim. First set to music by Johann André and performed as a singspiel in Berlin in 1781, it became famous as the story on which Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart based his opera Die Entführung aus dem Serail (Abduction from the Seraglio).
See also
Seraglio
References
1781 operas
German fiction
Opera libretti
18th-century German literature
Die Entführung aus dem Serail | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belmont%20und%20Constanze |
Güzelbahçe is a municipality and district of İzmir Province, Turkey. Its area is 77 km2, and its population is 37,753 (2022). It is situated on the southern coast of the Gulf of İzmir, west of the city centre of İzmir.
The district's overall levels of education and income care among the highest in Turkey, the literacy rate reaching 90 per cent, and the average yearly income per inhabitant calculated to be 13.054 US Dollars, as a consequence of the choice of Güzelbahçe as domicile by many among the affluent classes of İzmir in the last decade, who continue to settle in housing projects of villa-type residences built in Güzelbahçe and its dependencies. Construction of luxury homes and settlement by many residents with U.S. or European educational and professional backgrounds resulted in the appearance of American-style suburban living in certain parts of the district. Nevertheless, the subsistence of a part of the population, usually older settlers, is still derived from local activities such as fishing, viniculture, other forms of agriculture - particularly greenhouse cultivation with emphasis on production of decorative plants and flowers - and sections in the district retain their rural character.
Geography
Güzelbahçe district area follows a section in the southern shore of the inner Gulf of İzmir alongside a narrow coastal strait delimited by mid-height hills. Güzelbahçe center is at a distance of to the west from the traditional center of İzmir (Konak). Güzelbahçe district area further neighbours the districts of Urla to the west, Menderes and Seferihisar to the south and Narlıdere and Karabağlar to the east.
Although Güzelbahçe seems very urbanized at the rate of 82.7 percent, there are relatively remote villages in the Southern part of the district. These villages like Payamlı are known for their grapes grown on mostly steep hills and mountains.
History
In the first years of the Republic of Turkey, Güzelbahçe was a village depending on Urla district and was named "Kilizman", a name which makes reference to the ancient city of Klazomenai, located today in Urla quay. In 1936, its population already having exceeded two thousand people, its municipal administration was formed, which still depended Urla at the time, and its name was changed into "Kızılbahçe" (red garden). In 1958, its municipal area was separated from Urla district and was attached to İzmir center, and the name was changed into Güzelbahçe (the beautiful garden) for the first time, reportedly to avoid political connotations associated with the color "Red" at the height of the Cold War. In 1980, the municipality was abolished and the town became a neighbourhood of İzmir. This state of administration was pursued when an İzmir Metropolitan Municipality with depending districts, of which Güzelbahçe is one today, was constituted in 1984. In 1988, Güzelbahçe became part of Konak metropolitan district. In 1992, the two neighborhoods Güzelbahçe and Narlıdere were combined and a new district under the name, "Narlıbahçe" (which gives the meaning, "garden of pomegranates"), a combination based on part of each one's name, was formed. In 1993, both Güzelbahçe and Narlıdere became distinct metropolitan districts under their present names. The name Kilizman is still used by the population for the coastal strait.
The district of Güzelbahçe received its present boundaries after giving village of Çamtepe to Seferihisar district by decree in 2001. Yelki town municipality and Çamlık village became part of Güzelbahçe Municipality in 2009.
Composition
There are 12 neighbourhoods in Güzelbahçe District:
Atatürk
Çamlı
Çelebi
Kahramandere
Küçükkaya
Maltepe
Mustafa Kemal Paşa
Payamlı
Siteler
Yaka
Yalı
Yelki
Economy
Both in outlook and in its economy, Güzelbahçe displays particularities of a freshly constituted administrative entity. The total number of residences is 6,510, some of which are seasonal, which leads to variations of around ten thousand people between summer and winter in Güzelbahçe center's constant population of nineteen thousand. Slum-type residences are virtually non-existent in Güzelbahçe.
The total number of enterprises present in the district is 144. There is one hotel with 40 beds and there are three banks providing services through three branches in Güzelbahçe. On the other hand, figures relating to education present the outlook of a comfortable settlement in this regard, with 13 students for each teacher. The mountains covered with pine forests which mark Güzelbahçe's southern borders and which covers more than one third of the total district area are favorite spots for excursions for the inhabitants of İzmir as a whole, especially during weekends and holidays. Land used for agricultural purposes constitute slightly less than one third of the total district area in Güzelbahçe.
Resources
References
See also
Kilizman Martyrdom Monument
Populated coastal places in Turkey
Populated places in İzmir Province
Fishing communities in Turkey
Districts of İzmir Province
Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCzelbah%C3%A7e |
Narlıdere is a municipality and district of İzmir Province, Turkey. Its area is 50 km2, and its population is 62,923 (2022). It is fully (100%) urbanized. Narlıdere district area follows the southern coastline of the inner Gulf of İzmir. Narlıdere center is at a distance of to the west from the traditional center of İzmir (Konak). Narlıdere district area neighbors the district areas of Balçova to the east, Menderes to the south and Güzelbahçe to the west, this last also being westernmost among İzmir's metropolitan districts. Narlıdere district's overall levels of education are among the highest in Turkey, the literacy rate reaching 93 per cent, while the calculations for average yearly income per inhabitant situate Narlıdere rather below the national average, at 2.393 US Dollars, for which its open approach to outside immigration may have played a role. The overall appearance of Narlıdere leaves the impression of a locality where people are generally educated and who subsist on mid- to low-level revenues without being destitute.
History
Narlıdere was founded as a village by semi-nomadic Tahtacı–Alevi Turkmens in the 18th century, whose descendants still constitute the backbone of the population, preserving their particular popular culture and folklore, and maintaining their recently restored seminary, called Cemevi. During the Greek Uprising, Greek pirates from Samos kidnapped these Tahtacı Türkmens for ransom from their relatives day and night and also stole animals and other property as there were no troops in the coast between İzmir and Urla. An Ottoman Archival document from the Porte in February 1825 to Hasan Pasha, Castellan of Izmir, make the distinction and use the word "Türkmen" instead of Türk" The economy is still largely based on agriculture (especially citrus fruit and flowers), although new housing projects putting Narlıdere's advantageous location to benefit and generally aimed at high-income residents started to be built in recent years, and there is a five-star hotel. As such, Narlıdere became in recent years one of İzmir's metropolitan districts where the economy grew the fastest.
Narlidere is home to the Turkish Army Combat Engineering School & Training Center.
Composition
There are 11 neighbourhoods in Narlıdere District:
2. Inönü
Altıevler
Atatürk
Çamtepe
Çatalkaya
Huzur
Ilıca
Limanreis
Narlı
Sahil Evleri
Yenikale
Footnotes
Resources
İzmir
Populated places in İzmir Province
Fishing communities in Turkey
Districts of İzmir Province
Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narl%C4%B1dere |
Bayındır is a municipality and district of İzmir Province, Turkey. Its area is 548 km2, and its population is 40,073 (2022). The central town of the district is situated in the valley of the Küçük Menderes.
History
Its name in classical antiquity was Caystrus (Κάϋστρος), near Smyrna. Its present name derives from Turkish people who in the 11th c. AD settled there; they were members of the Bayındır clan, one of the 24 original Oghuz clans. From 1867 until 1922, Bayındır was part of the Aydin Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire. In 1997, the town population was 18,100. It is connected with İzmir by a branch of the Aydın railway, and has a trade in olives, olive oil, cotton, figs, raisins and tobacco.
Composition
There are 59 neighbourhoods in Bayındır District:
Alankıyı
Alanköy
Arıkbaşı
Atatürk
Balcılar
Bıyıklar
Buruncuk
Cami
Çamlıbel
Çenikler
Çiftçigediği
Çınar
Çınardibi
Çırpı Cami
Cumhuriyet
Demircilik
Dereköy
Dernekli
Elifli
Ergenli
Fatih
Fırınlı
Gaziler
Hacıbeşir
Hacıibrahim
Hasköy
Hatay
Havuzbaşı
Hisarlık
İbrahimçavuş
Kabaağaç
Karahalilli
Karahayit
Karapınar
Karaveliler
Kızılcaağaç
Kızılcaova
Kızılkeçili
Kızıloba
Kurt
Lütuflar
Mektep
Mitatpaşa
Necati Uza
Orta
Osmanlar
Pınarlı
Sadıkpaşa
Sarıyurt
Söğütören
Tokatbaşı
Turan
Yakacık
Yakapınar
Yeni
Yenice
Yeşilova
Yusuflu
Zeytinova
Transport
The district is crossed by the Torbalı-Tire railway, with a branch to Ödemiş. It is served by regional trains from/to İzmir (Basmane-Ödemiş and Basmane-Tire), and counts the stations of Arıkbaşı, Karpuzlu, Elifli, Furunlu, Bayındır (in the capital town), Yakaköy and Çatal.
References
External links
Populated places in İzmir Province
Districts of İzmir Province
Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bay%C4%B1nd%C4%B1r |
Menderes is a municipality and district of İzmir Province, Turkey. Its area is 777 km2, and its population is 106,173 (2022).
Overview
Menderes district, which is notable for its satsumas, beautiful bays and historical riches, is from İzmir. The ruins of Kolophon, Klaros and Notion, which are along the Menderes-Selçuk road are next to each other and make up the important archeological sites of the province. The region around Gümüldür produces the world-famous tangerine breed of satsumas. Özdere is one of the important tourism resorts of the Aegean coast. Beads of various colors and shapes which are produced by the locals in Görece village are particularly of note. The area was called Cumaovası and was a township in the Konak (Centre) district before it became a district in 1988.
Composition
There are 44 neighbourhoods in Menderes District:
Ahmetbeyli
Akçaköy
Altıntepe
Ata
Ataköy
Barbaros
Bulgurca
Çakaltepe
Çamönü
Çatalca
Çile
Çileme
Çukuraltı
Cüneytbey
Değirmendere
Dereköy
Develi
Efemçukuru
Gazipaşa
Gölcükler
Gölova
Görece Cumhuriyet
Gümüldür Atatürk
Gümüldür Cumhuriyet
Gümüldür Fevziçakmak
Gümüldür İnönü
Hürriyet
Karakuyu
Kasımpaşa
Keler
Kemalpaşa
Kısık
Küner
Kuyucak
Mithat Paşa
Oğlananası Atatürk
Oğlananası Cumhuriyet
Orta
Özdere Cumhuriyet
Sancaklı
Şaşal
Tekeli Atatürk
Tekeli Fevzi Çakmak
Yeniköy
See also
September 2012 Baradan Bay, Turkey migrant boat disaster
References
Populated places in İzmir Province
Populated coastal places in Turkey
Districts of İzmir Province
Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menderes%2C%20%C4%B0zmir |
is the second novel by Japanese author Yukio Mishima. First published on 5 July 1949 by Kawade Shobō, it launched him to national fame though he was only in his early twenties. Some have posited that Mishima's similarities to the main character of the novel come from the character acting as a stand-in for Mishima's own autobiographical story.
Plot
The protagonist is referred to in the story as Kochan, which is the diminutive of the author's real name: Kimitake. Being raised during Japan's era of right-wing militarism and Imperialism, he struggles from a very early age to fit into society. Like Mishima, Kochan was born with a less-than-ideal body in terms of physical fitness and robustness, and throughout the first half of the book (which generally details Kochan's childhood) struggles intensely to fit into Japanese society. A weak homosexual, Kochan is kept away from boys his own age as he is raised, and is thus not exposed to the norm. His isolation likely led to his future fascinations and fantasies of death, violence, and same-sex intercourse.
Kochan is homosexual, and in the context of Imperial Japan he struggles to keep it to himself. In the early portion of the novel, Kochan does not yet openly admit that he is attracted to men, but indeed professes that he admires masculinity and strength while having no interest in women. This includes an admiration for Roman sculptures and statues of men in dynamic physical positions. Some have argued that the admiration of masculinity is autobiographical of Mishima, himself having worked hard through a naturally weak body to become a superbly fit body builder and male model.
In the first chapter of the book, Kochan recalls a memory of a picture book from when he was four years old. Even at that young age, Kochan approached a single picture of a heroic-looking European knight on horseback almost as pornography, gazing at it longingly and hiding it away, embarrassed, when others come to see what he is doing. When his nurse tells him that the knight is actually Joan of Arc, Kochan, wanting the knight to be a paragon of manliness, is immediately and forever put off by the picture, annoyed that a woman would dress in man's clothing.
The word 'mask' comes from how Kochan develops his own false personality that he uses to present himself to the world. Early on, as he develops a fascination with his friend Omi's body during puberty, he believes that everybody around him is also hiding their true feelings from each other, everybody participating in a 'reluctant masquerade'. As he grows up, he tries to fall in love with a girl named Sonoko, but is continuously tormented by his latent homosexual urges, and is unable to ever truly love her.
References
1949 novels
1949 Japanese novels
Japanese-language novels
Novels by Yukio Mishima
Novels set in Tokyo
Novels with gay themes
1940s LGBT novels
Japanese LGBT novels
1949 debut novels
Kawade Shobō Shinsha books
Novels set in Nagano Prefecture | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confessions%20of%20a%20Mask |
Of a Fire on the Moon (, ) is a work of non-fiction by Norman Mailer which was serialised in Life magazine in 1969 and 1970, and published in 1970 as a book. It is a documentary and reflection on the Apollo 11 Moon landing from Mailer's point of view.
Writing and publication
After spending time at the space center and Mission Control in Houston, and witnessing the launch of the Saturn V at Cape Kennedy in Florida, Mailer began writing his account of the historic voyage at his home in Provincetown, Massachusetts, during marathon writing sessions to meet his deadlines for the magazine. His account, which ran to 115,000 words, was published between August 1969 and January 1970 in three long installments—A Fire on the Moon, The Psychology of Astronauts, and A Dream of the Future's Face.
In a foreword to Mailer's first installment, Life Managing Editor Ralph Graves introduced "some 26,000 words—the longest non-fiction piece Life has ever published in one issue."
On February 26, 1970, after the magazine series had concluded, Mailer wrote to Apollo 11 commander, Neil Armstrong, "I've worked as assiduously as any writer I know to portray the space program in its largest, not its smallest, dimension".
His account was published as a book called Of a Fire on the Moon in 1970. In the UK, it was published with its original article title, A Fire on the Moon.
Critical reception
Alvin Kernan, in his book The Imaginary Library, included a chapter on Of a Fire on the Moon, arguing that Mailer's book is representative of the declining relevance of the Romantic conception of literature to the present day.
$112,500 coffee table edition
The 40th anniversary of the first Moon landing was marked in 2009 by the release of an abridged, limited edition of the text, re-packaged with images from NASA and Life magazine. This production retitled the work, MoonFire, and was presented in an aluminium box with a lid shaped like the crater-pocked surface of the Moon; the object was mounted on four legs resembling the Apollo Lunar Module's struts. Thus, the coffee table book came inside its own lunar-themed "coffee table", with an uneven surface (see photograph). The package included a numbered print of the famous portrait of Buzz Aldrin standing on the Moon, framed in plexiglass and signed by the astronaut himself—and enclosed a lunar meteorite. Only 12 were created and the price was $112,500.
Norman Mailer died two years before the package was launched.
A conventional hardback edition of the same volume was released in 2015.
Painting on first edition cover
The painting on the cover of the first edition (Little, Brown & Co, 1970) is Le Monde Invisible, a 1954 oil painting by René Magritte. Mailer describes seeing this painting in Chapter 5 ("A Dream of the Future's Face") of the first part ("Aquarius"). "In the foyer was a painting by Magritte, a startling image of a room with an immense rock situated in the center of the floor." The 1970 dust jacket cites that the painting is part of a private collection.
Editions and title variations
Life serializations:
Part I: "A Fire on the Moon" — Life magazine, 29 August 1969.
Part II: "The Psychology of Astronauts" — Life magazine, 14 November 1969.
Part III: "A Dream of the Future's Face" — Life magazine, 9 January 1970.
Of a Fire on the Moon — Little, Brown & Co, Boston, 1970, .
A Fire on the Moon — Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London, 1970, .
MoonFire: The Epic Journey of Apollo 11 — Taschen GmbH, Köln, 2009, , .
Resources
Gallery of Mailer's research materials, hand written notes, and manuscripts for this book. Norman Mailer archive at the University of Texas.
References
Further reading
Notes
Non-fiction books by Norman Mailer
American non-fiction books
Spaceflight books
Apollo 11
Works originally published in Life (magazine)
Literature first published in serial form
Little, Brown and Company books
Weidenfeld & Nicolson books
1970 non-fiction books | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Of%20a%20Fire%20on%20the%20Moon |
John M. Darley (April 3, 1938 – August 31, 2018) was an American social psychologist and professor of psychology and public affairs at Princeton University. Darley is best known, in collaboration with Bibb Latané, for developing theories that aim to explain why people might not intervene (i.e. offer aid) at the scene of an emergency when others are present; this phenomenon is known as the bystander effect and the accompanying diffusion of responsibility effect. This work stemmed from the tragic case of Kitty Genovese, a New Yorker who was murdered in March 1964 while 38 people either witnessed or heard her struggling with the assailant. Darley also studied the effect of assessment on performance and proposed Darley's Law, which states that “The more any quantitative performance measure is used to determine an individual’s rewards, the more subject it will be to corruption pressures and the more it will distort the action and thought patterns of those it is intended to monitor.”
Life and career
John M. Darley was born on April 3, 1938, in Minneapolis, Minnesota to father John G. “Jack” Darley, a counseling psychologist known for work in student personnel psychology, individual differences, and psychological testing. Darley followed his father's footsteps and received a bachelor's degree in psychology from Swarthmore College in 1960 and a PhD in Social Relations from Harvard University in 1965. While completing his dissertation, Darley worked as an assistant professor at New York University (NYU) between 1964 and 1968.
In 1968, Darley became an associate professor of Psychology and Public Affairs at Princeton University where he was promoted to full professor in 1972 and named the Dorman T. Warren Professor of Psychology in 1989. Darley, along with colleagues Joel Cooper and Edward E. Jones, built the strongest experimental social psychology program in the country. Darley was chair of the Princeton Department of Psychology from 1980 to 1985.
Darley also served as the President of the Society of Personality and Social Psychology in 1989, and President of the American Psychological Society in 2002.
During the last decade of his career, he also worked in the psychology department at the Princeton (formerly Woodrow Wilson) School of Public and International Affairs and retired from the Princeton faculty in 2012, accepting emeritus status.
Darley died August 31, 2018, He is survived by his widow, Genevieve Pere, former spouse Susan Darley, two daughters, and three wonderful grandchildren.
Research
While in New York, Darley began the research that defined his career. After hearing of the tragic case of Kitty Genovese, he was inspired to explore why people are less likely to intervene when there are other witnesses present, a phenomenon is the “Bystander effect”. With collaborator, Bibb Latané from Columbia University, Darley developed and conducted experiments to explore the bystander effect and understand the circumstances that create it.
From the mid-1970s to the mid-1980s Darley turned his attention to pioneering efforts aimed at applying psychology to engineering and energy conservation. He worked with colleagues on how behavioral ideas can be used in energy conservation to better the environment and economy.
At the end of his career, Darley's focus changed to the average person's conceptions of law and the legal system. This interest of his turned into his main line of research. Darley saw the current reformatory strategy used in prison system as a poor one, he wanted to develop a psychology based reform strategy.
References
1938 births
2018 deaths
American moral psychologists
American social psychologists
Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
Princeton University faculty
Swarthmore College alumni
People from Minneapolis | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20M.%20Darley |
The Nokia 6100 is a popular mid-range Nokia mobile phone that was available from 2002 to 2005. It was announced on 4 September 2002 (together with Nokia 7250).
The Nokia 6100 was Nokia's lightest phone with a full 12-key keypad at the time. Combined with its battery, it weighs only and measures . Its smaller size compared with other contemporary phones might make it difficult for the elderly, or people with large fingers, to use its keypad. The phone supports Xpress-On covers, and is packaged along with any of 4 colours. Its feature set is very similar to the Nokia 7210, although with a more conservative design.
The Nokia 6100 has a display with a resolution of 128 x 128 pixels, featuring 12-bit color (allowing for 4096 possible colors). Its features include Internet connectivity via GPRS, an infrared port, inbuilt calendar and polyphonic ring tones. It does not have a camera. It could be considered the true successor of the Nokia 8210 and Nokia 8250 in terms of design functionality and its small flat size.
The LCD screen comes in two main versions which are very similar. One version of the LCD is controlled by an EPSON S1D15G00 driver chip, whilst the other version uses a Philips PCF8833 instead. There are also clones of these drivers. Early releases had a slightly blurry, yellower and duller screen compared with the Nokia 7210 and 6610 of the same period, but later screens improved this shortcoming.
Both driver chips allow the display to be used with 8-bit (256 colors) or 12-bit (4096 colors) RGB. Only the Philips version provides, on a low-level, the ability to use 16-bit RGB. This is achieved through dithering. 16-bit RGB gives 65536 different colors, sixteen times that available in the Nokia 12-bit RGB colour mode.
References
External links
Nokia 6100 details
6100
Mobile phones with infrared transmitter | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokia%206100 |
The Thar Express (, , Sindhi: ٿر ايڪسپريس) was an international passenger train that ran between the a suburban area of Jodhpur in the Indian State of Rajasthan and of Karachi in the Pakistani Province of Sindh. The name of the train is derived from the Thar Desert a sub-continental desert, which lies in the north-western part of the Indian subcontinent and ranks 17th in the world covering an area of .
It's a second train after the Samjhauta Express for direct connectivity between India and Pakistan on the basis of Simla Agreement after the restoring of the Jodhpur–Hyderabad rail route which was closed for 41 years till 2006.
As of 9 August 2019, the Thar Express had been cancelled until further notice due to escalating tensions between India and Pakistan.
History
During British rule, in 1892, the Hyderabad–Jodhpur Railway constructed the Jodhpur–Hyderabad mainline within two sections. The first section was Luni–Shadipalli section, which was a metre-gauge section line and the second section was Shadipalli–Hyderabad section, which was originally constructed as a broad-gauge railway section line but due to less passenger transportation on that time it was converted to metre gauge in the year 1901 and joined the first section of the mainline.
During the year 1901, the Sind Mail started running between Bombay (now Mumbai) and Karachi, the route of this train passed through Ahmedabad–Palanpur-Marwar-Pali-Luni–Munabao-Khokhrapar-Mirpur Khas and Hyderabad continued operation till 1947. After the Partition of India the rail links of Jodhpur State and Northern Bombay Presidency was disrupted, and divided into the Indian State of Rajasthan and Pakistan province of Sindh. Due to this, the mainline was separated as Jodhpur–Munabao line from the Indian side and Khokhrapar–Hyderabad line as of Pakistan side, on this purpose the origin of Sind Mail were shifted to Jodhpur in India and Hyderabad in Pakistan continued operation between two countries Until 1965, when the outbreak of the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 led to the closure of all passenger train links. During that time, the rail track was bombed and destroyed by the Pakistani fighter jets, and the Bombay–Karachi train ended.
On 28 June 1976, India and Pakistan signed the rail communication agreement to normalize the relations between two nations after signing the Simla Agreement (2 July 1972) a few months after the end of Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, when the bilateral relations had soured after the Indian Army had succeeded in liberating Bangladesh. This agreement forms the basis of running Samjhauta Express also the Delhi–Lahore Bus and Srinagar–Muzaffarabad Bus are based on a separate agreement.
On the Indian side, the Jodhpur–Munabao line was totally converted into broad gauge in the year 2003 and the Indian immigration and customs office developed at railway station for customs checks which are currently carried out. Whereas on the Pakistan side, the Khokhrapar–Hyderabad line was totally re-converted back to the original broad gauge and also the railway station was also developed in the year 2006, a few hundred meters from the border, where immigration and customs checks are currently carried out. This enabled both the nations to sign an MoU to reopen the rail link. This was not possible earlier because there would be a change of gauge in between, either at Hyderabad or Mirpur Khas. Prior to 1965, the last Pakistani station was , about 10 kilometers from the border.
After gauge conversion of both nations, on 18 February 2006, the rail service of Thar Express was inaugurated on the basis of Simla Agreement and became the second route for connecting both nations after Samjhauta Express also the renewable rail communication agreement was regularly extended by both nations and the last extension was from 19 January 2016 to 18 January 2019.
Route and operations
Thar Express runs weekly with two portions. It travels totally around to reach Karachi from Jodhpur with a total average time of 23 hours 5 minutes to cover the entire stretch of Jodhpur−Munabao–Zero Point–Khokhrapar–Hyderabad–Karachi. The entire stretch is covered by broad-gauge diesel locomotives. There are only one major river crossing, the more than 100 year old Kotri Bridge over the Indus River. this river crossing occurs in Pakistan.
In this, the first portion of Thar Express which runs at the Indian side are also named as Thar Link Express operates by Jodhpur railway division of the North Western Railway zone of Indian Railways from (Jodhpur) through to with the rakes of ICF coach of Indian Railways and locomotive for an end to end journey in both directions with the following combination, L-SLR-S1-S2-S3-S4-S5-S6-S7-SLR (L – locomotive, SLR Seating cum luggage rake, S – Seating rake).
Similarly, the second portion of the Thar Express runs at the Pakistan side from Zero Point through to with the rakes of Pakistan Railways and locomotive for an end to end journey in both directions with the same combination.
Train schedule
Train departures are as follows:
This train service is reliable and the Indian portion of train begins its journey from (Jodhpur) with time at 01:00 AM IST covers the distance of without any halts, it reaches at 07:00 AM IST for Indian immigration and customs checks, thereafter leaving the station covers the distance of with crossing India–Pakistan border and reaches at 02:00 PM PKT for Pakistan immigration and customs checks. During that time the Pakistan portion train arrives on the station for boarding the passengers and leaves at 05:00 PM PKT covers the distance of with halts at and reaches at 12:45 AM PKT.
Similarly, on returning the Pakistan portion of train begins its journey from Karachi Cantonment with time at 11:45 PM PKT with halts at Hyderabad Junction and Mirpur Khas Junction reaches Zero Point at 07:20 AM PKT for Pakistan immigration and customs checks. During that time the Indian portion train arrives on the station for boarding the passengers and leaves at 12:00 PM PKT crosses India–Pakistan border and reaches Munabao for Indian Immigration and customs checks, thereafter it leaves at 07:00 PM IST without any halts reaches Bhagat Ki Kothi (Jodhpur) at 11:50 PM IST.
Stations
(Jodhpur)
References
External links
Photos of Mirpur Khas - Khokhrapar train photos at narrow-gauge.co.uk
14889 Thar Link Express at India Rail Info
14890 Thar Link Express at India Rail Info
405/406 Thar Express at Pak Information
India–Pakistan relations
International named passenger trains
Named passenger trains of India
Named passenger trains of Pakistan
Rail transport in Rajasthan
Railway services introduced in 2006
Transport in Jodhpur
Rail transport in Karachi
Transport in Sindh
2006 establishments in India
2006 establishments in Pakistan | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thar%20Express |
Olimpia Koło is a football club based in Koło, Poland. Olimpia was established in 1920 and currently competes at the 5th level of Polish football.
External links
Olimpia Koło supporters (polish version)
Football clubs in Poland
Association football clubs established in 1920
Koło County
Football clubs in Greater Poland Voivodeship
1920 establishments in Poland | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olimpia%20Ko%C5%82o |
The following companies and organisations currently manufacture tractors.
A
Ace (India)
AGCO Corporation (United States)
AGCO (US)
AGCO Allis (Argentina, formerly (US))
Challenger (US)
Fendt (Germany)
Massey Ferguson (US)
Valtra (Finland)
Agrale (Brazil)
Agrinar (Argentina)
Al-Ghazi Tractors (Pakistan)(licensed/Fiat)
Fiat Trattori
Antonio Carraro (Italy)
Arbos (Italy)
ARGO SpA (Italy)
Landini
McCormick Tractors
Valpadana
B
Basak Traktor (Turkey)
Belarus (Belarus)
Bombardier (Canada)
C
Carraro Agritalia (Italy)
Case (US)
Case IH (US)(part of CNH Global)
Caterpillar Inc. (CAT) (USA)
Challenger (USA)
Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant (Russia)
ChTZ
Claas (Germany)
CNH Industrial (Italy/(US))
Case IH (US)
New Holland (US)
Steyr (Austria)
Cockshutt Plow Company (Canada)
Cub Cadet
D
Daedong (South Korea)
Deere & Company (US)
John Deere
Deutz-Allis (UK)
Deutz-Fahr (Germany)
David brown (UK)
E
Eastman Industries
Ingersoll Power Equipment
Escorts (India)
ETRAG (Algeria)
F
Fendt (Germany)
Force Motors (formerly Bajaj Tempo Ltd) (India)
Ford-New Holland (Ireland)/(US)
Fordson (US)
Fiatagri (Italy)
G
Ganja Auto Plant (Azerbaijan)
Goldoni (Italy)
Gravely Tractor
H
Harbin (China)
Harbin SongJiang
Husqvarna
Hitachi
I
International Harvester(US)
Sonalika Tractors
Iseki (Japan)
J
JCB (England)
John Deere (US)
K
KhTZ (Kharkiv Tractor Plant) (Ukraine)
Kirovets (Kirov Plant St Petersburg) (Russia)
Komatsu (Japan)
Kubota (Japan)
L
Lamborghini (Italy) (part of SDF concern)
Landini (Italy) (part of ARGO SpA concern)
Lindner (Austria)
LS Mtron (South Korea)
M
Mahindra Tractors (India)
Erkunt (Turkey)(part of Mahindra)
ArmaTrac
Mahindra
Mitsubishi Agricultural Machinery (Japan)(own 33.3%)
Trakstar (formerly Mahindra Gujarat and Shaktimaan brands)
Majevica (Serbia)
Massey Ferguson (US)(see AGCO)
McCormick Tractors (Italy)
Millat (Pakistan)
Mitsubishi Agricultural Machinery (Japan)
MoAZ (Belarus)
MTD (US)
MTZ (Belarus)
Belarus
N
New Holland (United States) (part of ARGO SpA concern)
P
Pol-Mot (Poland)
Ursus (Poland)
Pronar (Poland)
S
SAME Deutz-Fahr (SDF) (Italy)
Deutz-Fahr (Germany)
Steiger (USA)
Steyr (Austria) (part of CNH Global)
T
Tractors And Farm Equipment (India)
IMT (Serbia) (purchased by TAFE in 2018 and restarted)
TAFE
TYM (South Korea)
Toro
Wheel Horse (defunct as of 2007)
U
URSUS (Poland) (purchased by Pol-Mot)
Ursus (Brazil) (URSUS MÁQUINAS AGRÍCOLAS LTDA) (mfg licensed Mahindra)
V
Valpadana (Italy) (part of ARGO SpA concern)
Valtra (Finland) (part of AGCO concern)
Versatile (Canada) (owned by RostSelMash)
Volvo (Sweden)
W
Wisconsin Engineering (Czech)
Y
Yagmur (Turkey)
Valpadana (licensed)
Yanmar (Japan)
YTO (China)
YuMZ (Ukraine)
Z
Zetor (Czech)
Zoomlion (China)
See also
Tractors in India - details of Indian tractor building history and brands
References
External links
List of tractor models by manufacturer (tractordata.com) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20tractor%20manufacturers |
China stone (occasionally Cornish stone or Cornwall stone) is a medium grained, feldspar-rich partially kaolinised granite characterised by the absence of iron-bearing minerals.
Its mineral content includes quartz, feldspar and mica; accessory minerals include kaolinite and fluorspar. It is found in one area near St Austell, Cornwall in the United Kingdom. It was the last UK sourced feldspathic material to be commercially extracted.
A number of varieties, named on the basis of their hardness and physical appearance, were produced. Maximum production was achieved in the early 1950s, with around 70,000 tonnes per annum. The largest producer, English China Clays, ceased production in 1973, when Goonvean Ltd became the sole producer. Due to increasing competition from imported alternatives and a contracting domestic market, sales fell from 8,000 tonnes per year to 2,800 tonnes in 2001. The last quarry closed in 2006.
Relatively similar material has been mined, and exported to England for ceramics use, in the Isle of Man and Jersey.
China stone is sometimes confused with the Chinese material traditionally known as petuntse as well as other Asian pottery stones. However, although somewhat similar they differ in mineralogy.
See also
Geology of Cornwall
External links
Image unprocessed China stone
References
Igneous rocks
Geology of Cornwall
English pottery | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China%20stone |
Ronald Guy Jarvis was a British locomotive engineer, born 5 November 1911 in Harpenden, Hertfordshire, England. Jarvis apprenticed at Derby Works under George Ivatt.
Career
Wartime work
During World War II Jarvis was sent to Turkey to oversee the assembly of the TCDD 45151 Class (LMS Stanier Class 8Fs), and then to India with William Stanier.
British Railways
After the war, he worked briefly under Ivatt before being transferred to Brighton Works on the Southern Region of the newly nationalised British Railways, replacing Oliver Bulleid. From 1956, the Merchant Navy and West Country/Battle of Britain classes of his predecessor were rebuilt to a design set out by Jarvis, removing all eccentricities that had plagued the maintenance of these locomotives.
High Speed Train project
Jarvis returned to Derby to oversee the development of the Class 43 InterCity 125 power cars.
Death
Jarvis died in Llandudno on 2 September 1994, and was buried at Llanbedr.
References
English railway mechanical engineers
Locomotive builders and designers
British Rail people
People from Harpenden
1911 births
1994 deaths | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ron%20Jarvis |
Abhijeet Bhattacharya (born 30 October 1958), better known as Abhijeet, is a Bollywood playback singer. Abhijeet has sung 6034 songs in over 1000 films.
Personal life
Abhijeet was born to a Kanpur-based Bengali businessman turned editor Dhirendranath Bhattacharya, and his wife Kamladevi Bhattacharya in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh.
Career
Abhijeet left home after graduation from the Christ Church College in Kanpur for Mumbai in 1981 to pursue a career in singing in Bollywood. He has been influenced by the singer Kishore Kumar.
He has sung many Hindi songs. His songs include work from the film Baaghi, composed by Anand–Milind. The songs Ek Chanchal Shokh Hasina, Chandni Raat Hai and Har Kasam Se Badi Hai were featured in this movie. This was followed by several chartbusters from movies such as Khiladi and Shola Aur Shabnam, both of which were also box office hits. Then in 1994, he performed for movies such as Yeh Dillagi, Phool Aur Angaar, Anjaam, Raja Babu and Main Khiladi Tu Anari. In 1997, he won the Filmfare Best Playback Singer Award for the song Main Koi Aisi Geet Gaoon from Yes Boss. Other movies he sang in include Baadshah, Dilwale Dulhaniya Le Jayenge, Rakshak, Anjaam, Darr, Josh, Dhadkan, Raaz, Phir Bhi Dil Hai Hindustani, Khoobsurat, Khiladi, Tum Bin, Dillagi, Chalte Chalte, and Main Hoon Na among many others.
Abhijeet voiced a number of songs picturized on Shah Rukh Khan in his films which include but not limited to Asoka, Duplicate and Om Shanti Om. However, due to the disappointment of being listed last of the singers in the end credits of Main Hoon Na and again in Om Shanti Om, they parted ways. Abhijeet last sang for Shah Rukh Khan in the movie Billu Barber for the song Khudaya Khair which was their last collaboration. The song was not picturized because of Abhijeet's insistence on not filming his version of the song. Therefore, another version was created for picturization.
In May 2018, he has sung the title song of Bhaijaan Elo Re starring Dhallywood King Shakib Khan. After 5 years of self-imposed exile, in 2018 he came back with back to back chartbusters with Bengali Superstars. He sang the Title track of Bhaijaan Elo Re with Shakib Khan and Sujon Majhi Re from Hoichoi Unlimited with Dev. Also, he sang for new age Music Composer Vishal Mishra who composed the song Aye Zindagi where the music video featured Siddhant Gupta. Abhijeet also sang Joy Durga Maa composed by Jeet Ganguli which is a duet with Shaan. The video featured former Indian Cricket Captain Sourav Ganguly and Tollywood Star Mimi, Nusrat and Shubhasree. In May 2019, Abhijeet Released Chakde Fatte which is the Cricket World Cup Song for 2019. The song is well appreciated by listeners. Many of his iconic songs are now being remade by new age composers, such as Tan Tana Tan for Judwaa 2 and Sheher Ki Ladki for Khandaani Shafakhana. In 2020 his first released song came for the Movie Shukranu, a 70s feel like song "Khwaab hai ya haqeqaat" duet with Indian Idol fame Krishnakali Saha released from Zee Music Company. Currently in September 2021 Abhijeet is Judging 'Sangeet er Moha Juddho', a reality show airing on Colours Bangla Channel along with other judges like Jeet Ganguli, Ustad Rashid Khan and Lopamudra Mitra. His latest release in 2022 is a song from Film Super Dhamaal.com starring Rajpal Yadav released from Zee Music Company.
Non-Film Music:
Abhijeet has recorded many non-film pop music Albums. He released two albums, Main Deewana Hoon and Tapori No.1 in the early 1990s. Later he launched Aashiqui. He released a pop album, called Tere Bina in (2003). He got MTV Music Asia Award for that Album.
Social media presence
On 6 May 2015, when sessions court in Mumbai sentenced actor Salman Khan to five years in jail in connection with the 2002 hit-and-run case, Abhijeet came out in support of Salman by tweeting "Roads are meant for cars and dogs, not for people sleeping on them". This raised anger among several Twitter users as well as in popular media for making insensitive remarks as well as opening himself to criticism by members of media or others that Abhijeet is equating homeless people with dogs.
In a similar tweet, he said "Kutta rd pe soyega kutte ki maut marega, roads garib ke baap ki nahi hai I ws homles an year nvr slept on rd" (Dogs sleep on the road and die like dogs. Roads are not ancestral properties of poor. I was homeless for a year and never slept on roads). Abhijeet clarified to a news channel, "Nobody should die on the roads as dogs". He further stated that the death of the poor man was a loss to his family members and by not sleeping on the roads such deaths can be and should be avoided. He said and so did other people on the same news channel program that sleeping on the roads/pavements is dangerous as the roads are extremely busy. Many members of the public and media want the government to do more to help avoid such preventable incidents. A large number of people sleep overnight on the roads in cities in India due to the lack of means to buy or rent a house while they eke out a living doing menial labor.
In July 2016, Abhijeet was arrested by the Mumbai police and released later on bail, for allegedly abusing journalist Swati Chaturvedi Online on Twitter. The arrest was at the complaint of Aam Aadmi Party spokesperson Preeti Sharma Menon with Mumbai's BKC Cyber Cell. According to the Indian Express, the FIR for the online abuse was filed on charges of public obscenity and outrage of modesty.
Abhijeet Bhattacharya's Twitter account (@abhijeetsinger) was suspended on 23 May 2017, after he posted a series of 'offensive tweets', especially against women. Sonu Nigam also deleted his account after Abhijeet's account was suspended.
On 29 May, Abhijeet re-joined Twitter with a new account(@singerabhijeet). But by evening, the new account was also suspended.
Discography
As a singer
Tamil songs
Awards and nominations
Honours
Uttar Pradesh Gaurav Samman
Yash Bharati Samman, 2013
MTV ASIA Award 2004(Best artist)
Sangeet Maha Samman, 2015
Vishesh Shamman Award by West Bengal Government, 2017
Vikramaditya Award, 2018
Banga Bibhushan 2022
Filmfare Awards
Win
Filmfare Award for Best Male Playback Singer
Nomination
1995 – Best Male Playback Singer for "Ole Ole" from (Yeh Dillagi)
1997 – Best Male Playback Singer for "Yeh Teri Aankhen Jhuki Jhuki" from (Fareb)
2004 – Best Male Playback Singer for "Suno Na" from (Chalte Chalte)
Screen Award for Best Male Playback in 1998 for "Main Koi Aisa Geet" from Yes Boss<ref><g:plusone href="http://www.awardsandshows.com/features/star-screen-awards-1998-125.html"></g:plusone></ref>
References
External links
Abhijeet Bhattacharya Rediff
Living people
Bengali singers
Indian male playback singers
Indian male singers
People from Kanpur
Sa Re Ga Ma Pa participants
Bollywood playback singers
Ramakrishna Mission schools alumni
1958 births
Filmfare Awards winners
Screen Awards winners | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abhijeet%20Bhattacharya |
Viscount Stonehaven, of Ury in the County of Kincardine, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 27 June 1938 for the Conservative politician and former Governor General of Australia, John Baird, 1st Baron Stonehaven. He had already been created Baron Stonehaven, of Ury in the County of Kincardine, on 12 June 1925. The Baird Baronetcy of Urie, had been created on 8 March 1897 for his father Alexander Baird.
The first Viscount married Lady Ethel Sydney Keith, daughter of Algernon Keith-Falconer, 9th Earl of Kintore, who in 1966 succeeded her younger brother as 12th Countess of Kintore. Their son James Ian Keith succeeded to his father's titles in 1941 and to his mother's titles in 1974. The baronetcy, barony and viscountcy of Stonehaven are now subsidiary titles of the Earldom of Kintore.
Baird Baronets, of Urie (1897)
Sir Alexander Baird, 1st Baronet, 2nd of Ury (1849–1920)
Sir John Lawrence Baird, 2nd Baronet, 3rd of Ury (1874–1941) (created Baron Stonehaven in 1925)
Barons Stonehaven (1925)
John Lawrence Baird, 1st Baron Stonehaven (1874–1941) (created Viscount Stonehaven in 1938)
Viscounts Stonehaven (1938)
John Lawrence Baird, 1st Viscount Stonehaven (1874–1941)
James Ian Keith, 2nd Viscount Stonehaven (1908–1989) (succeeded as 12th Earl of Kintore, 14th Lord Keith of Inverurie and Keith Hall, Chief of Clan Keith in 1974)
Michael Canning William John Keith, 13th Earl of Kintore, 3rd Viscount Stonehaven (1939–2004)
James William Falconer Keith, 14th Earl of Kintore, 4th Viscount Stonehaven (born 1976)
The heir apparent to the viscountcy is the present holder's son Tristan Michael Keith, Lord Keith of Inverurie and Keith Hall (b. 2010).
References
External links
Viscountcies in the Peerage of the United Kingdom
Noble titles created in 1938
Noble titles created for UK MPs | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscount%20Stonehaven |
C. Daniel Batson (born March 15, 1943) is an American social psychologist. He has two doctoral degrees, in theology (from Princeton Theological Seminary) and psychology (from Princeton University's Department of Psychology). Batson obtained his doctorate under John Darley and taught at the University of Kansas. He retired in 2006 and now is an emeritus professor in the psychology department of the University of Tennessee. He is best known for his contributions to the social psychology of altruism, empathic concern, and psychology of religion.
On altruism
Batson has become well known for the empathy-altruism hypothesis, which states that "feeling empathy for [a] person in need evokes motivation to help [that person] in which these benefits to self are not the ultimate goal of helping; they are unintended consequences". The theory, initially proposed as an explanation of the so-called "empathy-helping relationship", implies that pure altruism is possible and that psychological egoism is false. Aronson, Wilson and Akert have described Batson as "the strongest proponent that people often help others purely out of the goodness of their hearts". Batson has published experimental research to support the empathy-altruism hypothesis against various alternative egoistic explanations. Critics who believe that all apparently altruistic actions are actually egoistic have attacked the theory (see, for example, the competing negative state relief model). More on the empathy-altruism hypothesis can be found in a number of social psychology textbooks, including Brehm and Kassin (1996).
Batson is also the co-author of a study examining bystander intervention in theology students (Darley & Batson, 1973). In this study, students' religious views and personalities did not correlate with their willingness to help a needy bystander. Rather, the best predictor of whether a student would stop to help was how hurried they felt. Since some students were assigned work on the parable of the Good Samaritan, but it had no effect on their behavior, the study has been cited as evidence that exposure to the parable does not make people more helpful. There has been debate about whether Batson used appropriate statistics to analyze this study.
On empathy
Social psychology researchers have for a long time been interested in the distinction between imagining the other and imagining oneself, and in particular in the emotional and motivational consequences of these two perspectives. A number of Batson's studies documented that focusing on another's feelings may evoke stronger empathic concern, while explicitly imagining oneself in the other's situation induces both empathic concern and personal distress. In one such study, Batson and colleagues investigated the affective consequences of different perspective-taking instructions when participants listened to a story about Katie Banks, a young college student struggling after the death of her parents. This study demonstrated that different instructions had distinct effects on how participants perceived the target's situation. Notably, participants imagining themselves in Katie's place showed stronger signs of discomfort and personal distress than participants focusing on her responses and feelings, or participants instructed to take an objective, detached point of view. Also, both perspective-taking instructions differed from the detached perspective by resulting in higher empathic concern. This may help explain why observing a need situation does not always produce prosocial behavior: if perceiving another person in an emotionally or physically painful circumstance elicits personal distress, the observer may tend not to fully attend to the other's experience and as a result may not behave sympathetically.
Batson recently collaborated with University of Chicago neuroscientist Jean Decety on a study using functional neuroimaging to investigate the neural underpinnings of empathy and personal distress. While being scanned, participants watched a series of video clips of patients undergoing painful medical treatment. They were asked to either put themselves explicitly in the shoes of the patient (imagine self), or to focus on their feelings and affective expressions (imagine other). The behavioral data confirmed that explicitly projecting oneself into an aversive situation leads to higher personal distress whereas focusing on the emotional and behavioral reactions of another's plight yields greater empathic concern and less personal distress. The neuroimaging data were consistent with this finding and provided insights into the neural correlates of these distinct behavioral responses. The self-perspective evoked stronger hemodynamic responses in brain regions involved in coding the motivational-affective dimensions of pain, including the bilateral insular cortices, the anterior cingulate cortex, the amygdala, and various structures involved in muscle preparation. The amygdala plays a critical role in the evaluation of actual or potential threats. Imagining oneself in a painful and potentially dangerous situation thus may trigger a stronger fearful or aversive response than imagining someone else in the same situation.
On religion
Batson's most famous contribution to psychology of religion is his argument that the traditional distinction made by Gordon Allport between intrinsic and extrinsic religious orientations does not exhaust all possible religious orientations; rather, he believes it is important to refer to what he calls quest, a form of religiosity that views questions and their answers as of equal importance. This view has been controversial, and critics have questioned whether quest really correlates with any other variable relevant to religiosity. Batson has also written about religious experiences, defending a four-stage model based on Graham Wallas's four-stage model of problem-solving in the psychology of creativity.
Publications
Batson, C. D. (2011). Altruism in Humans. New York: Oxford University Press.
Batson, C. D. (2009). "These things called empathy: eight related but distinct phenomena". In J. Decety & W. Ickes (Eds.), The Social Neuroscience of Empathy (pp. 3–15). Cambridge: MIT Press.
Batson, C. D. (2009). "Two forms of perspective taking: imagining how another feels and imagining how you would feel". In K. D. Markman, W. M. P. Klein and J. A. Suhr (Eds.), Handbook of Imagination and Mental Simulation (pp. 267–279). New York: Psychology Press.
Batson, C. D., Schoenrade, P. & Ventis, L. (1993). Religion and the Individual. New York: Oxford University Press.
Batson, C. D. (1991). The Altruism Question: Toward a Social-Psychological Answer, Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Batson, C. D., Schoenrade, P. & Ventis. L. W. (1993). Religion and the Individual. New York. Cambridge University Press
Batson, C. D. (1976). "Religion as prosocial: Agent or double agent?". Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion. 15: 29–45.
See also
Social cognition
Altruism
Empathy
Empathic concern
Empathy-altruism
Psychology of religion
Social neuroscience
Social psychology
References
Aronson, E., Wilson, T. D. & Akert, R. M. (2005). Social Psychology. New Jersey: Pearson. .
Brehm, J. & Kassin, S. (1996). Social Psychology. Boston: Houghton Mifflin (Third Edition). .
External links
http://batson.socialpsychology.org/
1943 births
Living people
21st-century American psychologists
American social psychologists
Psychologists of religion
Princeton University alumni
Princeton Theological Seminary alumni
University of Kansas faculty
20th-century American psychologists | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel%20Batson |
Tire (; ) is a municipality and district of İzmir Province, Turkey. Its area is 716 km2, and its population is 87,462 (2022). It is largely urbanized at the rate of 55.8%. Tire's center is situated at a distance of to the south-east from the point of departure of the traditional center of İzmir (Konak Square in Konkak) and lies at a distance of inland from the nearest seacoast in the Gulf of Kuşadası to its west. Tire district area neighbors the district areas of Selçuk (west) Torbalı (north-west), Bayındır (north) and Ödemiş (east), all part of İzmir Province, while to the south it is bordered by Aydın Province. The district area's physical features are determined by the alluvial plain of Küçük Menderes River in its northern part and in its south by the mountains delimiting the parallel alluvial valley of Büyük Menderes River flowing between Aydın and the Aegean Sea. There is a Jewish community.
Advantaged by its fertile soil and suitable climate, Tire district's economy largely relies on production and processing of agricultural products, especially of figs, cotton, corn and other grains, cash crops like tobacco and sesame, fruits like watermelons, cherries, peaches and grenadines and dry fruits like walnuts and chestnuts.
Tire center has an attractive old quarter with many impressive examples of Islamic architecture, and lively Tuesday and Friday markets, where the influence of the multicultural population of the surrounding villages can be observed. These two markets on two days of the week are famous across the larger region and among visitors on excursion and tourists for the handcrafted items found on sale and they attract a large customer base. A yearly event that also draws crowds to Tire is one of the liveliest and the most rooted (since 1403) celebrations in western Turkey of Nevruz Day on the third Sunday of every March.
A famous local speciality is Tire meatballs.
Etymology and history
Tire center is an ancient town and it had already acquired considerable importance under the rule of the Lydians, called Tyrrha (occasionally spelled Tarrha) at the time and lying in the middle of the road connection between the capital of Lydia and the prominent portuary center of Ephesus.
While there are various suggestions regarding its form, many sources affirm the existence of a fundamental association between the city of Tyrrha and King Gyges of Lydia, who founded Lydia's Mermnad dynasty in the 7th century BC and laid the grounds for the Lydian expansion in the 150 years that followed. Some scholars indicate in all certainty that here was his birthplace, others claim that he first ruled here or the town was founded either by the 7th-century king or a previous namesake. Etymological similarity between the name of the city and such designations as Tyrrhenia, Tyrrhenians and tyrant have also been pointed at or disputed.
The etymology of the name Tyrrha itself was suggested as being an indigenous Lydian language word and explained in terms relative to the English language word "tower".
Tire developed strong ties with the Ottoman capital and administration, both economically and in terms of its population make-up, especially after the 15th century, since Tire became a retreat where palace personnel, including members of the harem, were sent for their retirement days. Timur (Tamerlane) spent the winter of 1402/1403 based in Tire, after his defeat of the Ottoman forces at the Battle of Ankara, a span of time he used to capture Smyrna lower castle from the Knights of Rhodes, to acquire the city of İzmir fully for the Turks, and his stay here is also at the origin of Tire's noted Nevruz celebrations referred to above. From 1867 until 1922, Tire was part of the Aidin Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire.
Population and administration
The municipality of Tire center is one of the oldest in Turkey, having been established in 1864, coming the ninth across the country in terms of its anteriority. Almost a quarter of the population of Tire village chose outside immigration in the last decade, which was reflected in a slight increase in population for Tire center but contributed to a fall in population of eight percent in the district as a whole. In connection with the same trend, the district receives scanty immigration from outside.
The total number of residences in Tire district reach 36,873. A total number of 16,446 enterprises of all sorts are located in Tire district. Seven banks provide services through seven branches across the district. The number of students per teacher is 18 and the number of patients per doctor is 506.
Composition
There are 88 neighbourhoods in Tire District:
Adnan Menderes
Akçaşehir
Akkoyunlu
Akmescit
Akyurt
Alacalı
Alaylı
Armutlu
Atatürk
Ayaklıkırı
Bahariye
Başköy
Boynuyoğun
Büyükkale
Büyükkemerdere
Büyükkömürcü
Cambazlı
Çayırlı
Çeriközü
Çiniyeri
Çobanköy
Çukurköy
Cumhuriyet
Dağdere
Dallık
Dere
Derebaşı
Dereli
Dibekçi
Dörteylül
Doyranlı
Dua Tepe
Dumlupınar
Dündarlı
Eğridere
Ertuğrul
Eskioba
Fatih
Gökçen
Halkapınar
Hasançavuşlar
Hisarlık
Hürriyet
İbni Melek
İhsaniye
İpekçiler
Işıklar
Işıklı
İstiklal
Kahrat
Kaplan
Karacaali
Karateke
Ketenci
Kireli
Kırtepe
Kızılcahavlu
Kocaaliler
Küçükburun
Küçükkale
Küçükkemerdere
Küçükkömürcü
Kürdüllü
Kurşak
Kurtuluş
Mahmutlar
Mehmetler
Musalar
Ortaköy
Osmancık
Paşa
Peşrefli
Sarılar
Saruhanlı
Somak
Toki
Topalak
Toparlar
Turan
Turgutlu
Üzümler
Yamandere
Yeğenli
Yemişler
Yeni
Yeniçiftlik
Yenioba
Yenişehir
Economy
Tire municipality's anteriority in terms of its date of constitution was reflected in a number of other fields, which indicates an interest in the region by investors of the late-19th century. A railway line built as a connection joining İzmir-Aydın railway started to be laid in 1893 and a 137 km line connecting Tire and its eastern neighbor Ödemiş to that main axis to the west, itself the very first line placed in the History of rail transport in Turkey, was completed in 1911. The Basmane-Tire Regional railway service now runs from İzmir.
Presently, the district's average per capita income situates Tire roughly in the middle among depending districts of İzmir Province. The investments made to date have yet fallen short of modifying the district's overall economic picture, despite easy access through Selçuk to the close İzmir-Aydın motorway and to Adnan Menderes International Airport thereof. Industrial activities in Tire are concentrated around two industrial zones, the larger one named Tire Organized Industrial Zone (TOSBİ) and the smaller and more locally focused one named Tire Small Industrial Site.
Tourism and related accommodation facilities are still underdeveloped and the accommodation facilities despite the city's potential in terms of cultural tourism and the number of beds available in Tire does not exceed a hundred.
Footnotes
External links
Tire image gallery with also pictures from the museum
Sources
Populated places in İzmir Province
Jewish communities in Turkey
Districts of İzmir Province
Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tire%2C%20%C4%B0zmir |
Spurge olive is a common name for several plants and may refer to:
Cneorum tricoccon
Species in the genus Daphne, particularly:
Daphne mezereum | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spurge%20olive |
Buharkent is a municipality and district of Aydın Province, Turkey. Its area is 124 km2, and its population is 13,022 (2022). It is 86 km east of the city of Aydın, on the road and the railway line to Denizli.
The area is in the valley of the Büyük Menderes River with mountains to the north including the 1724 m Karlıkdede. The district is known for its hot springs and geothermal energy, indeed Turkey's first geothermal power station was built here in 1984. However the local economy depends on agriculture especially cotton, figs and grapes.
The name Buharkent means steam city and was given in recognition of the power station, it was previously called Burhaniye.
Composition
There are 14 neighbourhoods in Buharkent District:
Ericek
Feslek
Gelenbe
Gündoğan
İstiklal
Kamilpaşa
Kayaburnu
Kızıldere
Menderes
Muratdağı
Ortakçı
Savcıllı
Üçeylül
Zafer
References
External links
the municipality
Populated places in Aydın Province
Districts of Aydın Province
Buharkent District
Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buharkent |
The Henry Schmieder Arboretum (60 acres) is an arboretum and collection of gardens located across the campus of Delaware Valley University, Doylestown, Pennsylvania. It is open daily without charge.
The arboretum's tree and garden collections include:
1920s Cottage Garden
Beech Collection
Bieberfeld Oak Woods
Gazebo Annuals Garden
John Herbst Winter Walk
Hillman Family Garden
Iris and Peony Garden (redesigned in 2004-05)
Lois Burpee Herb Garden
Martin Brooks Conifer Collection
Rose Garden (redesigned in 2003)
Rock Garden
Woodland Walk
Other trees on the campus include Cladrastis kentukea, Fraxinus Americana, Gleditsia triacanthos inermis, Quercus phellos, etc.
See also
List of botanical gardens in the United States
References
Schlereth, Thomas J., "Early North American Arboreta", Garden History, Vol. 35, Supplement: Cultural and Historical Geographies of the Arboretum (2007), pp. 196–216.
External links
Arboreta in Pennsylvania
Botanical gardens in Pennsylvania
Parks in Bucks County, Pennsylvania | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry%20Schmieder%20Arboretum |
"Panic in Detroit" is a song written by English singer-songwriter David Bowie for the album Aladdin Sane in 1973. Bowie based it on friend Iggy Pop's descriptions of revolutionaries he had known in Michigan and Pop's experiences during the 1967 Detroit riots. Rolling Stone magazine called the track "a paranoid descendant of the Motor City's earlier masterpiece, Martha and the Vandellas' "Nowhere to Run"".
In 2003, Rolling Stone magazine printed its list of "The 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time". Mick Ronson was ranked at number 64, and "Panic in Detroit" as his "essential recording".
Recording
David Bowie was launched to stardom through the release of The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars and his performance of "Starman" on the BBC television programme Top of the Pops in early July 1972. To support the album, Bowie embarked on the Ziggy Stardust Tour in both the UK and the US. He composed most of the tracks for the follow-up record on the road during the US tour in late 1972. Because of this, many of the tracks were influenced by America, and his perceptions of the country.
"Panic in Detroit" was written based on friend Iggy Pop's descriptions of revolutionaries he had known in Michigan, Pop's experiences during the 1967 Detroit riots and the rise of the White Panther Party, specifically their leader John Sinclair. "Panic in Detroit" was recorded at London's Trident Studios in January 1973, following the conclusion of the American tour and a series of Christmas concerts in England and Scotland. Like the rest of its parent album, the song was co-produced by Bowie and Ken Scott and featured Bowie's backing band the Spiders from Mars—guitarist Mick Ronson, bassist Trevor Bolder and drummer Woody Woodmansey—with backing vocals from Linda Lewis and Juanita Franklin.
A dispute arose between Bowie and Woodmansey during the recording, wherein the latter refused to play the former's desired Bo Diddley drum figure, reportedly arguing it was "too obvious". The drummer instead played sixteenth notes on his tom-toms, with crash cymbals on the chorus phrases. Bowie's friend Geoff MacCormack eventually added congas and maracas that achieved the effect. Biographer Nicholas Pegg says that the disagreement contributed to growing dissent between the singer and drummer, eventually leading to Woodmansey's firing later in the year.
Music and lyrics
Musically "Panic in Detroit" has been described as a "Salsa variation on the Bo Diddley beat"; Pegg considers Ronson's guitar part very "bluesy". The lyrics namecheck Che Guevara and are also said to contain references to John Sinclair of the White Panther Party. Bowie compared the ideas of Sinclair to the rebel martyr Che Guevara for the narrator in "Panic in Detroit". The lyrics are very dark, featuring images of urban decay, violence, drugs, emotional isolation and suicide, adding to the album's overarching theme of alienation. Author Peter Doggett finds a thematic link between the song and Bob Dylan's "All Along the Watchtower", which "used a similar three-chord riff to underpin its apocalypse".
Release
"Panic in Detroit" was released on Aladdin Sane on 20 April 1973, sequenced as the fourth track on side one of the original LP, between "Drive-In Saturday" and "Cracked Actor".
The song was later included in the Sound + Vision box set (1989) and on Best of Bowie (US/Canada edition 2002).
1979 re-recording
Bowie recorded a new version of "Panic in Detroit" in December 1979, intended for broadcast for The "Will Kenny Everett Make It to 1980?" Show. It featured Zaine Griff on guitar, Andy Clark on piano, Tony Visconti on bass and backing vocals, and Andy Duncan on drums. The remake was dropped in favour of the acoustic of "Space Oddity" recorded in the same session. The "Panic in Detroit" remake was left unreleased until it appeared as a bonus track on the 1992 Rykodisc CD release of Scary Monsters (and Super Creeps), and later the bonus disc of Heathen (2002).
Live versions
Bowie played "Panic in Detroit" during his concert tours, first added to the 1973 US leg of the Ziggy Stardust Tour. It appeared prominently throughout the Diamond Dogs Tour; one live version was released as the B-side of the 1974 single "Knock on Wood" before appearing on the Rare compilation in 1983, on the 2005 and subsequent reissues of David Live, and on Re:Call 2, part of the Who Can I Be Now? (1974–1976) compilation released in 2016. Another live recording from the tour was released on I'm Only Dancing (The Soul Tour 74) in 2020. The song was again played throughout the 1976 Isolar tour, a live performance from which was included on Live Nassau Coliseum '76, released as part of the 2010 reissues of the Station to Station album: the CD and vinyl releases featured a heavily edited 6:02 version, while the full-length 13:08 recording was offered as an exclusive download. The recording also appeared on Who Can I Be Now? (1974–1976). "Panic in Detroit" made further appearances on the 1990 Sound+Vision, 1997 Earthling and 2003–2004 A Reality tours.
Personnel
According to Chris O'Leary:
Original version
David Bowie – lead vocal, acoustic guitar
Mick Ronson – lead and rhythm guitars
Trevor Bolder – bass
Woody Woodmansey – drums
Aynsley Dunbar – percussion
Juanita Franklin – backing vocals
Linda Lewis – backing vocals
Geoff MacCormack – backing vocals, congas, maracas, handclaps
Technical
David Bowie – producer
Ken Scott – producer, engineer
1979 re-recording
David Bowie – lead vocal, 12-string acoustic guitar
Zaine Griff – lead guitar
Andy Clark – piano
Tony Visconti – bass, backing vocals
Andy Duncan – drums
Technical
Tony Visconti – producer
Notes
References
Sources
David Bowie songs
1973 songs
Songs about Detroit
Songs written by David Bowie
Song recordings produced by Ken Scott
Song recordings produced by David Bowie | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panic%20in%20Detroit |
Ajay Rochester (born 1969 in Sydney) is an Australian actress, author and producer. She was the host of the Australian version of reality weight-loss television series The Biggest Loser, for which she hosted a total of four series between 2006 and 2009.
Family and personal life
Rochester was adopted as a child, and states she was emotionally and physically abused by her adoptive mother. She located her birth mother in 1992 after years of searching. Her birth mother died from suicide a year later. Rochester suffered from obesity, which she attributed to the death of her birth mother and her estrangement from her adoptive mother. She resolved to lose weight following the birth of her child, and shed over 50 kilograms since giving birth.
Weight loss work
Recording her weight loss after her son's birth, she filmed the documentary Larger Than Life which aired on The Lifestyle channel. It followed Rochester for a year as she lost weight and took back her life.
Since then, she has been involved in several weight loss projects, including as host of four seasons (2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009) The Biggest Loser on Network Ten.
She founded a website, "The Healthy Body Club", and authored the books Confessions of a Reformed Dieter, Blubberguts and The Lazy Girl's Guide to Losing Weight and Getting Fit.
Rochester also published a children's book called Blubberguts with Hodder Headline's Hotshots series. She has also published two more titles with new Holland including cookbook Food You Love and self-help inspirational book 5-Minute Diet Book.
Rochester joined a weight loss reality show as a celebrity contestant, Excess Baggage which was broadcast in January through March 2012. Rochester won the show and her charity the NOH8 Campaign received a $60,000 donation for her efforts.
After leaving Biggest Loser she gained some weight, and has admitted she used to starve herself to keep her presenting job.
She is Reality Wanted's Hollywood Host for reality shows, covering the biggest reality shows in Hollywood including Survivor and is currently the backstage reporter for So You Think You Can Dance on FOX.
Other television work
Rochester was one of the stars of the MyxTv television series "Cast Me" where four casting producers (including Rochester) cast various roles for wannabe actors.
Rochester appeared on the reality television series Celebrity Dog School with her Pomeranian, "Bootsie".
She was also the co-host of the SBS TV series Mum's The Word.
Rochester and teammate Matthew Palmer won the 2012 reality TV show Excess Baggage on Channel 9 Australia.
She has a recurring role in the Reelz Channel series Beverly Hills Pawn and appeared on America's Court.
In 2019, Rochester participated in the fifth season of the Australian version of I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!.
In March 2020, Rochester appeared on First Dates Australia.
Charity work
Rochester is the ambassador for the Eating Disorders Foundation. She has worked with The Make A Wish Foundation and is an advocate for breast cancer research lending her time to multiple breast cancer charities including the Field of Women and BCNA. Rochester is also the face and ambassador for Triathlonpink.com and walked the Great Wall of China to raise funds to build the Olivia Newton-John Wellness Centre.
Short film work
In the late 1990s, Rochester also co-wrote and produced several short films while she was working the comedy circuits in Australia. Her 1998 film BruiZer won the best short at the Scenefest Short Film Festival and was the runner up at the Brisbane Schlock-fest Film festival. She also had a weekly comedy segment on AM Adelaide on Channel 7.
Early acting work
Rochester is a trained actress having graduated from The Australian Academy of Dramatic Arts.
Rochester started her career as an actress in the film To Make a Killing (1988). Her next film was The Crossing (1990), which starred Russell Crowe. She acted under the name Lea-Ann Towler.
She also appeared in the Mini Series Shadow of The Cobra – a story on the life of serial killer Charles Sobraj. She played one of his murder victims.
Published works
Rochester's first book Confessions of a Reformed Dieter was nominated for an Audie award for most inspirational talking book – bestowed annually in the US for outstanding audiobooks but was beaten by Dr Phil's The Ultimate Weight Solution. Confessions of Reformed Dieter is now in its eighth print run. In 2005, Rochester's book Lazy Girl's Guide to Losing Weight and Getting Fit was published by Random House and made the Sydney Morning Herald top five best seller list.
Her most recent books are The 5-Minute Diet Book and a recipe book called Food You Love. Rochester is now living and working in the US and working on her latest books to be published there and is currently represented by literary agent Jennifer Unter from The Unter Agency in New York. Her next book, which she says will be her final weight loss book is titled Been There Done Fat.
She has also written a children's book titled Blubberguts.
Bibliography
Contributor
References
External links
Ajay's personal blog
1969 births
Living people
Actresses from Sydney
Writers from Sydney
Australian television producers
Australian women television producers
Australian television presenters
Participants in Australian reality television series
Australian women television presenters | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajay%20Rochester |
Alan Levin (born 15 April 1968 in Johannesburg, South Africa) is a South African computer scientist and internet activist.
Early life and career
He obtained a Computer Science degree at the University of the Witwatersrand in 1990 and left South Africa to avoid his conscription to the South African army during the last years of apartheid. After the government changed in 1994, Alan returned to South Africa and completed his Master's in Business Administration (MBA) at the University of Cape Town.
Alan is a co-founder of Telkom Internet, one of the biggest ISPs in Africa.
Internet Activist
Alan is a champion of Internet user rights and lobbied for 9 years for freedom in telecommunications in South Africa. From 1999 to 2008 he regularly presented submissions in the South African Parliament on behalf of the Cape Telecommunications User Forum as well as the ISOC South Africa.
Alan currently operates a niche ISP, Vanilla. He has performed the roles of Chairman of the Internet Society - ISOC South Africa (2004–2007), he sat on the founding Boards of Directors of AfriNIC (2004–2006), the .za DNA (2003–2008) and Future Perfect Corporation (2000–current). Alan established the Spammer Bounty Hunter program and is currently participating in the Village Telco project.
External links
Alan Levin
References
The Public Voice "Cape Town Symposium speakers" 6 December 2004
Internet Society "Alan Levin" 27 August 2009
Internet Society people
South African Jews
Living people
1968 births
People from Johannesburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan%20Levin%20%28Internet%20governance%29 |
Out 1, also referred to as Out 1: Noli Me Tangere, is a 1971 French film directed by Jacques Rivette and Suzanne Schiffman. It is indebted to Honoré de Balzac's La Comédie humaine, particularly the History of the Thirteen collection (1833–35). Known for its length of nearly 13 hours, the film is divided into eight parts of approximately 90–100 minutes each.
The vast length of Out 1 allows Rivette and Schiffman, like Balzac, to construct multiple loosely connected characters with independent stories whose subplots weave amongst each other and continually uncover new characters with their own subplots. A shorter version of the film exists, and its Spectre subtitle was chosen for the name's ambiguous and various indistinct meanings, while the Noli me tangere ("touch me not") subtitle for the original version is clearly a reference to it being the full-length film as intended by Rivette.
The film's experimentation with parallel subplots was influenced by André Cayatte's two-part Anatomy of a Marriage (1964), while the use of expansive screen time was first toyed with by Rivette in L'amour fou (1969). The parallel narrative structure has since been used in many other notable films, including Krzysztof Kieślowski's Dekalog and Lucas Belvaux's Trilogie, which includes Un couple épatant, Cavale and Après la vie, to name a few. Each part begins with a title in the form of "from person to person" (usually indicating the first and last characters seen in each episode), followed by a handful of black and white still photos recapitulating the scenes of the prior episode, then concluded by showing the final minute or so (in black and white) of the last episode before cutting into the new episode itself (which is entirely in color).
Out 1 received 13 votes in the 2012 Sight & Sound critics' poll of the greatest films ever made, resulting in a final ranking of 127th.
Plot and themes
When asked why the film is called Out 1, Rivette responded, "I chose 'Out' as the opposite of the vogue word 'in', which had caught on in France and which I thought was silly. The action of the film is rather like a serial which could continue through several episodes, so I gave it the number 'One'."
From the starting image of a small group of actors lying down with their legs bent back toward themselves, Rivette again focuses his film on rehearsals for a play, a motif present in both L'amour fou and his debut feature Paris nous appartient (1960); in particular, he extends L'amour fous relentless reportage-style examination of the continual development of a play under rehearsal (in that case Jean Racine's Andromaque) and its effects on the director and his wife. In the case of Out 1, the two main anchors of the film are two different theater groups each rehearsing a different Aeschylus play (Seven Against Thebes and Prometheus Bound), and the film does not particularly privilege any character within these groups more than any other. External to these two groups, two outsiders peripheral to the theater are featured: Colin (Jean-Pierre Léaud), a young man who believes that there may be a real-life Thirteen group in operation, and Frédérique (Juliet Berto), a young swindler who happens to steal letters which may prove to be communication between members of the Thirteen. Other featured characters include Emilie (Bulle Ogier), who runs a local hangout under the name Pauline and whose husband, Igor, has been missing for six months. Michael Lonsdale plays Thomas, the director of the Prometheus Bound group, and there are cameos by directors Barbet Schroeder and Éric Rohmer, who plays a Balzac professor in a scene of both plot exposition and comic relief.
The first few hours of the film alternate between documentary-style scenes observing the two troupes' rehearsals, Colin soliciting money from café patrons as a deaf man by playing irritating harmonica tunes, and Frédérique stealing money through a variety of deceptions. The plot gradually develops when Colin receives three mysterious messages in quick succession containing cryptic references to "the Thirteen" and to Lewis Carroll's The Hunting of the Snark. He quickly connects this to Balzac and begins a quixotic quest to uncover what the messages mean and who the Thirteen are. Sometime afterward, Frédérique casually interrupts a businessman, Etienne, playing chess against himself at home; when she has the room to herself briefly, she attempts to locate a stash of money but instead steals a collection of letters. Sensing that they refer to some sort of secret society, she attempts to sell them to several of the correspondents in exchange for either money or more information on the group, but fails to gain any information. Only Emilie buys the letters, but only because they refer to her husband.
The Seven Against Thebes production takes on a newcomer, Renaud, to assist in the production, but he quickly begins to take over more and more of the creative direction of the piece from Lili, who recedes into the background in disgust. Their fortunes appear high when Quentin wins a million francs at the races, but during the ensemble's celebration, Renaud steals all the cash; the production is cancelled, and the members undertake a futile search for Renaud, spreading out all across Paris with a photo of him to try to discover his whereabouts. Thomas brings in old friend Sarah to help work through a creative block on Prometheus Bound, but she instead causes a rift within the group and the play is abandoned after another player leaves for unrelated reasons. It turns out that Thomas's block was largely due to his break-up with Lili after being with her personally and professionally for seven years.
Thomas also is revealed to be a key member of the Thirteen, although the group never really was fully functional and had agreed to go into a period of dormancy two years earlier. Ironically, a chance encounter between Colin and Thomas motivates the latter to suggest reviving the Thirteen to Etienne, who is reluctant because the group never really did anything to begin with. One of the main correspondents in Etienne's letters, Pierre, is frequently discussed but never seen, and is described alternately as sinister and childlike. After reading the contents of the letters sold to her by Frédérique, Emilie prepares packages to be sent to major Parisian newspapers containing photocopies of these letters and purporting to disclose the existence of a scandal involving Pierre setting up Igor. Since Pierre and Igor are both members of the Thirteen, members of the group are forced to reconstitute to prevent the disclosure, and Thomas, Etienne and the ruthless lawyer Lucie de Graffe (Françoise Fabian) meet to discuss what to do.
Frédérique eventually meets up with the young man that her gay friend Honey Moon (Michel Berto) is infatuated with, who turns out to be Renaud; the two become married in a blood ritual, but she suspects that he may be a member of another secret society even more sinister than the Thirteen. After seeing him associate with a local gang, she draws a gun on him, but warns him – causing him to turn around and shoot instantly, killing her.
Colin gives up on the idea of the Thirteen, while it is quietly suggested during a discussion between two other members of the Thirteen, Lucie de Graffe and the cynical professor named Warok (Jean Bouise), that perhaps Pierre was the author of the messages to Colin and has been the invisible hand behind much of the plot, because he misses the Thirteen and wants to either restore it or replace it with young blood like Colin. Several of the characters retreat in the end to Emilie's small seaside house in Normandy called "the Obade" (another Balzacian reference, see "Ferragus"), where she breaks down in front of Sarah, confessing her love for Colin (who had been courting her earlier) and Igor at the same time. Her dilemma is solved at the end, when she receives a call from Igor telling her to meet him in Paris. She and Lili set off for Paris.
Thomas remains behind on the beach at the Obade with two of his actors and has a drunken hysterical episode there, when he pretends to collapse on the sand. His actors are worried and frantically try to revive him. When he reveals his jest, they walk away in disgust and get in the car to go back to Paris. Thomas is left alone on the beach, crying and laughing at the same time, stranded at the Obade and, for the first time in the film, part of no group whatsoever. The film then quickly cuts to a completely unrelated shot of Marie, an actress from the Thebes group, who still seems to be searching for the missing Renaud and the money he stole. A golden statue of a Greek goddess, perhaps Athena, towers above her. The shot is held for a second before fading out.
CharactersAchille (Sylvain Corthay): Actor in Prometheus Bound troupe. Accompanies Thomas and Rose to the Obade at the end of the film.Arsenal (Marcel Bozonnet): Actor in Seven Against Thebes troupe. Vaguely knew Renaud and introduced him to the rest of the group. Also known as Nicolas, Papa, or Theo.Balzac specialist (Éric Rohmer): Professor who Colin contacts (while still pretending to be a deaf man) to attempt to discover some further clues as to the possibility of the existence of the Thirteen in real life.Beatrice (Edwine Moatti): Actress in Prometheus Bound troupe. Is a confidant and possibly lover of Thomas. Engages in a threesome with Thomas and Sarah. Her relationship with the Ethnologist is broken off when he announces his intention to depart for the Basque region for work. This also causes her to leave the troupe.Bergamotte (Bernadette Onfroy): Actress in Prometheus Bound troupe.Colin (Jean-Pierre Léaud): Young outsider who pretends to be a deaf whilst playing a harmonica for money around Parisian cafes. Receives three messages from Pierre, which set him off to try to uncover a real-life "Thirteen" in the vein of the Balzac novels. Falls in love with Pauline after numerous meetings at her store. Makes many connections through his investigations, but ultimately fails to find any cooperative parties and abandons his belief in the Thirteen.Elaine (Karen Puig): Actress in Seven Against Thebes troupe. Alerts Lucie when Lili goes missing for several days (which turns out to be a trip with Emilie to the Obade).Emilie (Bulle Ogier): Member of the Thirteen. Name that Pauline goes by at home. With Lili she murders the courier and hides his body in the basement of the shop. Wife to Igor and mother of two children with him. His disappearance six months earlier causes her to buy Pierre's letters from Frédérique; these refer to the disappearance. Despite Sarah's admonitions, she plans to send photocopies of the letters to newspapers in order to discover what is going on; however, Iris winds up burning them behind her back. Leaves for Obade, where she confesses her love for Colin and Igor to Sarah. Igor calls her not long after and tells her to meet him in Paris. She leaves with Lili. See Pauline.The Ethnologist (Michel Delahaye): Romantic interest of Beatrice. Breaks up with her when he announces his departure to the Basque region for work. Beatrice leaves Prometheus Bound shortly afterward because of this.Etienne (Jacques Doniol-Valcroze): Member of the Thirteen. Frederique steals his letters during an attempted con and tries to sell them off for money and information about the group. Meets with Thomas to discuss the revival of the group and later with Thomas and Lucie to discuss how to control Emilie's potential contact with newspapers.Faune (Monique Clement): Actress in Prometheus Bound troupe.Frédérique (Juliet Berto): Young petty thief who deceives and exploits men only as long as she needs to get into their wallets. Her only friend and confidant is Honey Moon, a gay barfly played by Juliet Berto's real-life husband Michel Berto. She finds Etienne's letters while looking for his money and takes them instead. Starts calling the correspondents to sell them for money, but begins to try to make sense of the information referring to the Thirteen and also asks for information, particularly from Lucie. Meets Honey Moon's crush, who turns out to be Renaud, and has a blood wedding with him. After suspecting his involvement in a secret society, she follows him and causes him to shoot her dead before he realizes who she is.Georges (unseen): Member of the Thirteen. Lili's current boyfriend.Gian-Reto (Barbet Schroeder): Hanger-on at Pauline's store.Honey Moon (Michel Berto): Gay confidant of Frédérique who borrows money from her, incites her to disrupt black market pornographers. He is infatuated with Renaud, and this eventually leads to Frédérique seeking out Renaud.Igor (unseen): Emilie's husband and father of her two young children. Member of the Thirteen. Been missing since leaving for work six months ago. Discussed in Etienne's letters, some of which Emilie buys from Frédérique. At the film's end Emilie receives a phone call from Igor asking her to meet him in Paris at Warok's.Iris (Ode Bitton): Pregnant nanny of Emilie and Igor's children. Solves their problem by giving to Thomas Emilie's letters to the newspapers which would have revealed the Thirteen and scandalized Pierre.Lili (Michèle Moretti): Director of the Seven Against Thebes troupe, formerly involved with Thomas. May be involved with Quentin. Gradually recedes from the production as Renaud's influence expands. Accidentally takes a picture of Renaud which the troupe uses to try to get someone from the public to identify him. Member of the Thirteen.Lucie (Françoise Fabian): Lawyer with whom Lili renews contact after a long silence. Member of the Thirteen. Correspondent in some of Etienne's letters. Is contacted by Frédérique and meets her, but instead takes some of the letters from her.Marie (Hermine Karagheuz): Actress in the Seven Against Thebes troupe. Delivers one of Pierre's messages to Colin, which clearly seems to make her a member of the Thirteen. Last character seen in the film, standing next to a Paris monument.Marlon (Jean-François Stevenin): Thug with a criminal history who is an acquaintance of Frédérique. She encounters him in a bar, and he bizarrely beats her, but she pickpockets him during the beating.Max (Louis Julien): Quentin's son. Suggests the Seven Against Thebes troupe use Lili's photograph of Renaud to ask members of the public if they've seen him around.Nicolas (Marcel Bozonnet): Actor in Seven Against Thebes troupe. Vaguely knew Renaud and introduced him to the rest of the group. Also known as Arsenal, Papa, or Theo.Papa (Marcel Bozonnet): Actor in Seven Against Thebes troupe. Vaguely knew Renaud and introduced him to the rest of the group. Also known as Arsenal, Nicolas, or Theo.Pauline (Bulle Ogier): Name that Emilie goes by at her store where local youths hang out. Colin meets her there and soon falls in love with her. She abandons the shop to retreat to the Obade. See Emilie.Pierre (unseen): Member of the Thirteen. Author of letters to Colin. Correspondent in some of Etienne's letters who may be implicated in Igor's disappearance. Emilie threatens to send evidence of this to newspapers after she pays Frédérique for the letters.Quentin (Pierre Baillot): Actor in the Seven Against Thebes troupe. Father to Max. Wins a million francs in the lottery, which is promptly stolen during celebrations by Renaud. Attempts to find Renaud but fails, and joins Prometheus Bound troupe briefly afterwards.Renaud (Alain Libolt): Brought in by Arsenal/Nicolas/Papa/Theo to help the Seven Against Thebes troupe, but gradually starts to exert more and more influence on the production, to Lili's chagrin. Steals Quentin's million francs of lottery winnings during the troupe's celebration. Turns out to be Honey Moon's crush, which allows Frédérique to find him. She soon suspects that he may be a member of a secret society (though ultimately it seems more likely to be a local gang, and not the Thirteen). He shoots and kills her when she catches him off-guard.Rose (Christiane Corthay): Actress in Prometheus Bound troupe. Accompanies Thomas and Achille to the Obade and comforts him during some of his hysterical episodes at the end.Sarah (Bernadette Lafont): Writer living in Igor's Obade home. Thomas asks her to help him with the direction of Prometheus Bound, and later has a threesome with her and Beatrice. She clashes with the group, which is a factor in the abandonment of the play, along with Beatrice's departure, which is caused by personal factors. Member of the Thirteen, she doesn't trust Thomas and strenuously attempts (unsuccessfully) to intervene to prevent Emilie from sending Pierre's letters to the newspapers. Emilie later confides her love for Colin and Igor to her.Theo (Marcel Bozonnet): Actor in Seven Against Thebes troupe. Vaguely knew Renaud and introduced him to the rest of the group. Also known as Arsenal, Nicolas, or Papa.Thomas (Michael Lonsdale): Director of the Prometheus Bound troupe, formerly involved with Lili, and in ambiguously romantic relationships with both Beatrice and Sarah during the course of the film. Asks Sarah to help him direct the play. After a threesome with Sarah and Beatrice, abandons it because of Sarah's friction with the group and Beatrice's unrelated departure. Member of the Thirteen. Destroys Emilie's letters incriminating Pierre. Proposes to reunite with Lili, but is rejected by her, which leads to his final hysteria on the beach.Warok (Jean Bouise): Member of the Thirteen. Referred to in Etienne's letters. Both Frédérique and Colin ask him about the group, but he denies all knowledge.
Style
After working with both 35mm film and 16mm film in L'amour fou, Rivette was comfortable enough with the 16mm format to work with it on Out 1, the massive length of which precluded any serious attempt to shoot the whole film on expensive 35mm. Despite the immense length of the final product, the film was shot under a tight shooting schedule of only six weeks. Rivette's preference for the long take was the main reason why such a schedule could be maintained. Because he wanted the performances to have a level of realism, some takes include lines "fluffed" by actors, or other common "mistakes" such as camera and boom microphone shadows, as well as unwitting extras looking at the camera in exterior shots (including a well-known scene where two young boys doggedly follow Jean-Pierre Léaud along the street during an extended monologue). Rivette has said that the intimacy of the performances in the face of such mistakes was precisely why he kept those takes in the film. Many of the rehearsal scenes, particularly those of the Prometheus Bound group, are composed almost entirely of long shots, although the film also contains more conventional editing elsewhere. The slow pacing of the film as a whole is also loosely based on Balzac, and its first few hours are constructed more like a prologue, where the editing is slower and the characters are no more than introduced. It is not until three or four hours into the film that characters' motives and the story lines begin to reveal themselves.
The work also includes stylistically adventurous techniques, including the shooting of long shots through mirrors (again developing from work in L'amour fou), shortcuts to black to punctuate otherwise continuous scenes, short cutaways to unrelated or seemingly meaningless shots, non-diegetic sound blocking out crucial parts of the dialogue, and even a conversation in which selected lines are re-edited so that they appear to be spoken backward. However, these experiments form a fairly small part of the work as a whole, which is generally conventional in style (aside from the length of takes and of the work as a whole).
Exhibition
First shown as a work in progress at the Maison de la Culture in Le Havre, the film was re-edited down to a four-hour "short" version called Out 1: Spectre, which is more accessible and available (although not widely). Richard Roud, writing in The Guardian, called this version "a mind-blowing experience, but one which, instead of taking one 'out of this world' as the expression has it, took one right smack into the world. Or into a world which one only dimly realised was there – always right there beneath the everyday world ... the cinema will never be the same again, and nor will I." Few people have seen the full-length version, though it is championed by Chicago Reader critic Jonathan Rosenbaum, who compares it to Thomas Pynchon's Gravity's Rainbow, and has included both Out 1: Noli Me Tangere and Out 1: Spectre in the 100 films singled out from his 1000 favourite films, published in his anthology Essential Cinema.
Out 1: Noli Me Tangere was restored in Germany in 1990 and was shown again at the Rotterdam and Berlin Film Festivals shortly thereafter. It disappeared again into obscurity until 2004, when both Noli Me Tangere and its shorter version Out 1: Spectre featured in the programme on 1–21 June, in the complete retrospective Jacques Rivette Viaggio in Italia di un metteur en scène organized by Deep A.C. and curated by Goffredo De Pascale in Rome at the Sala Trevi Centro Sperimentale and in Naples at Le Grenoble. Then, only in the April/May 2006 Rivette retrospective at London's National Film Theatre, with the shorter film also screening twice across two subsequent nights at Anthology Film Archives in New York City on the same April weekend as the NFT projection of the long work. The North American premiere of Noli Me Tangere took place on 23 and 24 September 2006 in Vancouver's Vancouver International Film Centre organized by Vancouver International Film Festival programmer and Cinema Scope editor Mark Peranson, attended by around twenty people (22 at Peranson's initial count, before episode 1, though others came and went). A subsequent screening took place as a part of the 2006 festival over 30 September and 1 October, introduced by Jonathan Rosenbaum.
The subtitled Out 1: Noli Me Tangere provides a particular challenge for exhibitors, as the subtitles are not burned onto the print of the film itself, as is usual with most foreign films shown in North America. Rather, the subtitles for Out 1, provided by the British Film Institute, are projected from a computer in a separate stream (in the Vancouver screening, just below the film itself); this then has to be synchronized with the film itself, almost certainly by someone unfamiliar with the entire Out 1. Few theatres can meet this technical challenge, especially over a thirteen-hour span. In addition, the film was shot on 16mm at a nonstandard 25 frames per second, a speed few current projectors are equipped to handle. In the Vancouver screening, the film was projected at 24fps, adding about half an hour to the film as a whole.
Screenings of both the long and short works took place in late November and December 2006, during an extensive retrospective of Rivette's work which ran at the Museum of the Moving Image in Astoria, Queens, New York City. The screening of the longer version was sold out for the 9 and 10 December 2006 screening, so the Museum held an encore performance of the film on 3 and 4 March in 2007 (which came close to selling out). It was shown on both occasions over 2 days. In interviews, Rivette has explicitly stated that the work is meant to be seen theatrically "on the big screen", and apparently dislikes it being watched on television. Ironically, the preparation of the film in eight episodes was in large part due to the "naive hope", according to Rivette, of it originally being distributed like that on French television, although his disdain for that mode of exhibition only arose after the film's completion.
Out 1 was restored by Carlotta Films in 2015 and made its U.S. theatrical premiere at the Brooklyn Academy of Music on 4 November 2015. This version has now been released on DVD and Blu-ray in the U.S., while Arrow Films have released it on both formats in the UK.
The restored Out 1 was screened in London, England over two days at the Prince Charles Cinema, Leicester Place on 28 and 29 November 2015. The screening was presented by the Badlands Collective and A Nos Amours.
Reception
Out 1 has garnered acclaim from critics. The film holds an aggregate score of 87/100 on Metacritic, based on 7 critics, indicating "universal acclaim". Rotten Tomatoes reports 100% approval based on 22 reviews, with a weighted average of 8.6/10. The website's critics consensus reads: "Time is an essential character in Jacques Rivette's Out 1, Noli Me Tangere, a brilliant 13-hour study of human relationships and an exploration of how a generation's dreams and ideals slowly fade as life goes ruthlessly by."
TitleOut 1 is known by many titles. Out 1: Noli Me Tangere, the frequently-cited longer title of the film, has its origins as a phrase written on the film canister of an early workprint. This longer title was commonly understood as the film's actual title until a finished print was made in 1989 for exhibition at the Rotterdam Film Festival and as a telecine transfer for TV broadcast. At that point Rivette asserted the title on-screen as simply Out 1.Out 1: Spectre''' is the proper title of the shorter, four-hour version, which is nonetheless a completely separate and distinctive work rather than simply a shortened form of the longer feature.
See also
List of longest films by running time
References
Fieschi, Jean-André. La Nouvelle Critique, April 1973.
Fieschi, Jean-André. "Jacques Rivette" in Richard Roud (ed). Cinema: A Critical Dictionary. New York: Secker and Warburg, 1980.
Monaco, James. The New Wave: Truffaut, Godard, Chabrol, Rohmer, Rivette. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1976.
Rivette, Jacques, interviewed by Carlos Clarens and Edgardo Cozarinsky. Sight and Sound, Autumn 1974.
Rivette, Jacques, interviewed by Bernard Eisenschitz, Jean-Andre Fieschi, and Eduardo de Gregorio. La Nouvelle Critique, April 1973.
Rivette, Jacques, interviewed by Jonathan Rosenbaum, Lauren Sedofsky, and Gilbert Adair. Film Comment, September 1974.
Rosenbaum, Jonathan, Movies as Politics, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997.
Rosenbaum, Jonathan, Placing Movies: The Practice of Film Criticism, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995.
Thomson, David. The New Biographical Dictionary of Film''. New York: Little, Brown, 2002.
Further reading
External links
1971 films
1971 drama films
1970s French films
1970s French-language films
1970s mystery drama films
Films about theatre
Films based on French novels
Films based on works by Honoré de Balzac
Films directed by Jacques Rivette
Films set in Normandy
Films set in Paris
Films shot in Normandy
Films shot in Paris
French film series
French mystery drama films | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Out%201 |
Evermode, or Evermod (c. 1100 – 17 February 1178), was one of the first Premonstratensian canons regular, and became the lifelong companion of Norbert of Xanten, who founded the order in France in 1120.
Evermode was born in Belgium. After hearing Norbert preach in the city of Cambrai, he decided to join him. He accompanied Norbert to Antwerp and then, in 1126, to the half-pagan town of Magdeburg, where Norbert had been named as bishop. He attended to the bishop on his deathbed and ensured his burial in the church of the Norbertine Priory of Our Lady there, which Norbert had formed from the members of the cathedral chapter. A few months before his death in 1134, Norbert appointed Evermode acting provost of the Priory of Gottesgnaden.
In 1138 Evermode was elected as the provost of the Priory of Our Lady in Magdeburg. In this post, he oversaw the foundations of new Premonstratensian communities in Havelberg, Jerichow, Quedlinburg and Pöhlde, serving in that post until 1154, when he was named the Bishop of Ratzeburg, the first since its destruction by the Wends in 1066. He formed the newly named cathedral chapter of the diocese into a Premonstratensian community. The evangelization of the Wendish population was a primary goal of his episcopacy, and he traveled around the diocese, preaching to the people in their native language.
Worn out by his labors, Evermode died in 1178, and was buried in the cathedral he had built. He was succeeded by his fellow Norbertine, Isfrid.
Veneration
His cult was approved by Pope Benedict XIII in 1728. Evermode is honored as a saint in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Hamburg, which now covers that region, and in the Norbertine Order. His feast day is celebrated on 17 February.
Namesake
The Evermode Institute of the Corpus Christi Priory, St. Michael Abbey is named in honor of St. Evermode.
See also
Saint Evermode of Ratzeburg, patron saint archive
References
External links
Saint Evermod of Ratzeburg at Saints.SQPN.com
Evermod at Catholic Online
Saint of the Day, February 17: Evermod of Ratzeburg at SaintPatrickDC.org
(died 1066)
1100s births
1178 deaths
People from Hainaut (province)
Premonstratensians
Belgian Roman Catholic missionaries
12th-century Roman Catholic bishops in the Holy Roman Empire
Roman Catholic bishops of Ratzeburg
Burials in Schleswig-Holstein | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evermode%20of%20Ratzeburg |
France competed at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. 138 competitors, 118 men and 20 women, took part in 89 events in 14 sports.
Medalists
Gold
Pierre Jonquères d'Oriola — Equestrian, Jumping Individual Competition
Silver
Maryvonne Dupureur — Athletics, Women's 800 metres
Joseph Gonzales — Boxing, Men's Light Middleweight
Jean Boudehen and Michel Chapuis — Canoeing, Men's C2 1000 m Canadian Pairs
Pierre Jonquères d'Oriola, Janou Lefebvre, and Guy Lefrant — Equestrian, Jumping Team Competition
Jean-Claude Magnan — Fencing, Men's Foil Individual
Claude Arabo — Fencing, Men's Sabre Individual
Jean-Claude Darouy, Georges Morel, and Jacques Morel — Rowing, Men's Coxed Pairs
Kiki Caron — Swimming, Women's 100 m Backstroke
Bronze
Paul Genevay, Bernard Laidebeur, Claude Piquemal, and Jocelyn Delecour — Athletics, Men's 4x100 metres Relay
Daniel Morelon — Cycling, Men's 1000 m Sprint (Scratch)
Pierre Trentin — Cycling, Men's 1000 m Time Trial
Daniel Revenu — Fencing, Men's Foil Individual
Jacky Courtillat, Jean-Claude Magnan, Christian Noël, Daniel Revenu, and Pierre Rodocanachi — Fencing, Men's Foil Team
Claude Bourquard, Claude Brodin, Jacques Brodin, Yves Dreyfus, and Jack Guittet — Fencing, Men's Épée Team
Athletics
Men's 4x100 metres Relay
Paul Genevay, Bernard Laidebeur, Claude Piquemal, and Jocelyn Delecour → Bronze Medal
Boxing
Canoeing
Cycling
14 cyclists represented France in 1964.
Individual road race
Francis Bazire
Lucien Aimar
Bernard Guyot
Christian Raymond
Team time trial
Marcel-Ernest Bidault
Georges Chappe
André Desvages
Jean-Claude Wuillemin
Sprint
Daniel Morelon
Pierre Trentin
1000m time trial
Pierre Trentin
Tandem
Daniel Morelon
Pierre Trentin
Individual pursuit
Robert Varga
Team pursuit
Robert Varga
Christian Cuch
Joseph Pare
Jacques Suire
Equestrian
Fencing
20 fencers, 15 men and 5 women, represented France in 1964.
Men's foil
Jean-Claude Magnan
Daniel Revenu
Jacky Courtillat
Men's team foil
Jean-Claude Magnan, Daniel Revenu, Jacky Courtillat, Pierre Rodocanachi, Christian Noël
Men's épée
Claude Bourquard
Jack Guittet
Yves Dreyfus
Men's team épée
Claude Brodin, Yves Dreyfus, Claude Bourquard, Jack Guittet, Jacques Brodin
Men's sabre
Claude Arabo
Marcel Parent
Jacques Lefèvre
Men's team sabre
Jean-Ernest Ramez, Jacques Lefèvre, Claude Arabo, Marcel Parent, Robert Fraisse
Women's foil
Cathérine Rousselet-Ceretti
Brigitte Gapais-Dumont
Annick Level
Women's team foil
Cathérine Rousselet-Ceretti, Marie-Chantal Depetris-Demaille, Brigitte Gapais-Dumont, Annick Level, Colette Revenu
Gymnastics
Judo
Rowing
France had 22 male rowers participate in five rowing events in 1960.
Men's double sculls – 6th place
René Duhamel, Bernard Monnereau
Men's coxed pair – 2nd place ( Silver medal)
Jacques Morel, Georges Morel, Jean-Claude Darouy
Men's coxless four – 10th place
Jean-Pierre Drivet, Roger Chatelain, Philippe Malivoire, Émile Clerc
Men's coxed four – 4th place
Yves Fraisse, Claude Pache, Gérard Jacquesson, Michel Dumas, Jean-Claude Darouy
Men's eight – 7th place
André Fevret, Pierre Maddaloni, André Sloth, Joseph Moroni, Robert Dumontois, Jean-Pierre Grimaud, Bernard Meynadier, Michel Viaud, Alain Bouffard
Sailing
Shooting
Four shooters represented France in 1964.
25 m pistol
Jean Renaux
50 m pistol
Jean Renaux
50 m rifle, prone
Pierre Guy
Trap
Claude Foussier
Michel Prévost
Swimming
Weightlifting
Wrestling
References
External links
Official Olympic Reports
International Olympic Committee results database
Nations at the 1964 Summer Olympics
1964
Summer Olympics | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France%20at%20the%201964%20Summer%20Olympics |
Yenipazar (Turkish for "new market") is a municipality and district of Aydın Province, Turkey. Its area is 245 km2, and its population is 11,863 (2022). It is from the city of Aydın on the road to Denizli.
Yenipazar itself is a quiet rural town providing university, high and elementary school education and other facilities to the surrounding districts. In the last two decades the population has declined as people move to Turkey's larger cities for higher education and careers and Yenipazar is selected as one of the Cittaslow towns in Turkey. The local cuisine includes a delicious flat-bread pizza called pide. Adnan Menderes University has a school here offering diplomas in banking and finance. The student population created new income opportunities for the residents of this small town. Social life is also impacted positively from the university, you can find many restaurants and cafes than you would expect from a town of this size.
Composition
There are 18 neighbourhoods in Yenipazar District:
Alhan
Alioğullar
Çarşı
Çavdar
Çulhan
Dereköy
Direcik
Doğu
Donduran
Eğridere
Hacıköseler
Hamzabalı
Hükümet
Karaçakal
Karacaören
Koyunlar
Paşaköy
Yeni
Places of interest
The house of prominent local Turkish War of Independence resistance leader Yörük Ali Efe is now a museum to his life and career.
References
External links
Yenipazar hunting club photo album
Populated places in Aydın Province
Cittaslow
Districts of Aydın Province
Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yenipazar%2C%20Ayd%C4%B1n |
Tristen Walker (born 11 April 1984) is a former Australian rules footballer in the Australian Football League.
From Claremont, Walker was picked up by Collingwood late in the 2001 National Draft. After playing his first season with Williamstown, he made his debut in 2003 in Round 1. Forced to play at fullback, due to the absence of Simon Prestigiacomo, he held superstar spearhead Matthew Richardson of Richmond to one goal and six behinds. He was dropped soon after, before impressing in the latter stages of the season, winning a reprieve for the 2003 Grand Final due to the suspension of key forward Anthony Rocca for striking Port Adelaide ruckman Brendan Lade late in the first quarter of Collingwood's stunning 44-point defeat of the Power in the Preliminary Final a week earlier, Walker bypassing the more experienced Jarrod Molloy and Steve McKee to gain selection. Having played in the Williamstown premiership side the week prior in the VFL, it appeared that Walker was on track to record two flags in as many weeks, though the Magpies ultimately fell to a heavy 50-point loss to the Brisbane Lions.
Walker was again unable to reach a consistent pattern of form throughout 2004 and 2005, though arguably his inability to nail down a place in the senior side could be partially attributed to his struggle to find a key position to call his own, be it at centre half forward, or centre half back. He was fortunate to remain on the list despite a sizeable cull at the end of the 2005 season, though his AFL career was terminated 12 months later, after failing to appear in the senior side in 2006, his final match arising in round 17 of the previous year against St Kilda under the Friday night lights of Telstra Dome.
External links
Tristen Walker at the Collingwood Football Club website
Notes
1984 births
Collingwood Football Club players
Claremont Football Club players
Williamstown Football Club players
Living people
People educated at Newman College, Perth
Australian rules footballers from Perth, Western Australia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tristen%20Walker |
In Japanese mythology, Takamagahara (高天原, "Plane of High Heaven" or "High Plane of Heaven", also read as Takaamanohara, Takamanohara, Takaamagahara, or Takaamahara), is the abode of the heavenly gods (amatsukami). Often depicted as located up in the sky, it is believed to be connected to the Earth by the bridge Ame-no-ukihashi (the "Floating Bridge of Heaven").
Overview
In Shinto, ame (heaven) is a lofty, sacred world, the home of the Kotoamatsukami. Some scholars have attempted to explain the myth of descent of the gods from the Takamagahara as an allegory of the migration of peoples. However, it is likely to have referred from the beginning to a higher world in a religious sense. A Shinto myth explains that at the time of creation, light, pure elements branched off to become heaven (ame). Heavy, turbid elements branched off to become earth (tsuchi). Ame became the home of the amatsukami or gods of heaven, while tsuchi became the home of kunitsukami or gods of the land. The amatsukami are said to have descended from heaven to pacify and perfect this world.<ref>Basic Terms of Shinto, Kokugakuin University, Tokyo 1985 p.2.</ref>
According to the Kojiki
In the beginning of the Kojiki (Records of Ancient Matters), Takamagahara is mentioned as the birthplace of the gods. It is assumed that Takamagahara existed in clouds above sea because there is a scene in which Kuniumi (国生み), the god of islands, lowers his spear to form an island. Also, when the Goddess of the sun, Amaterasu (天照大御神) was born, she was commanded to rule Takamagahara by Izanagi (伊弉諾), the creator deity of creation and life. In the part related to Susanoo (スサノヲ, the brother of Amaterasu), Takamagahara is described as the place where many gods live with Ama-no-yasukawa (天の安河), Ama-no-iwato (天岩戸), paddy fields, and a place for weaving, giving an impression that life was close to the human world. It is stated that the Ashihara-no-Nakatsukuni (葦原の中つ国, the world between Heaven and Hell) was subjugated by the gods from Takamagahara, and the grandson of Amaterasu, Ninigi-no-Mikoto (瓊瓊杵尊), descended from Takamagahara to rule the area. From then on, the emperor, a descendant of Ninigi-no-Mikoto owned Ashihara-no-Nakatsukuni.
According to the other chronicles
In the Nihon Shoki (日本書紀, The Chronicles of Japan), there is almost no mention of Takamagahara in the text. It appears only in the fourth book of the first stage of Jindaiki (神代記) and part of the posthumous name which was given to Empress Jito in the fourth year of Yoro era (720).
In contrast, in the Fudoki (風土記, ancient reports on provincial culture and oral tradition) written in Nara period (710-794), the word Takamagahara appears only at the beginning of Hitachi-no-Kuni-Fudoki (常陸の国風土記).
Similarly, in the main text of Kogo Shui (古語拾遺), a historical record written in the early Heian period (794-1185), Takamagahara is mentioned only in the section of Ninigi-no-Mikoto.
In modern times, Takamagahara was described as the “supreme celestial sphere” (至美天球) in Tales of the Spirit World (霊界物語) by Onisaburo Deguchi. The “supreme celestial sphere” is illustrated as a spiritual world of pure light in the radiant universe.
Theories about the location
There have been many theories about the location of Takamagahara. Theories differ greatly depending on how the mythology in the Kojiki is interpreted.
1. The Celestial Theory
According to the Celestial Theory, the gods must be in the heavens or the universe above the heavens since high heavens are the dwelling place of the gods. This conceptual view is represented by Norinaga Motoori’s theory; he believed it was disrespectful to gods and emperors to consider other theories. This idea was the mainstream view before World War II because of its strong connection with the emperor-centered historiography.
2. The Terrestrial Theory
The Terrestrial theory suggests that mythology always contains some historical fact, and thus Takamagahara must also reflect what existed. This theory was first represented by Hakuseki Arai, a confucianist during middle of the Edo period. Specifically, he stated that Takamagahara was located in Taga County, Hitachi Province (常陸国). Also, some people believe Takamagahara existed, but outside of Japan; one of the most popular such theories locates it at Gangwon, South Korea. A chief proponent was the World War II war criminal, General Kanji Ishiwara.
3. Kyushu-Yamatai-koku Theory
The theory is that any of the candidate sites for the Yamatai-koku such as Yamamoto Country, Mii Country, Yamato Country, and Yasu Country in the Chikugo River basin. Some people specifically believe that Mii Country is the Takamagahara and Nakoku is the Ashihara-no-Nakatsukuni.
4. The Artificiality Theory
The theory is that wondering about location of Takamagahara is meaningless since myths are made up. A theory presented by Banto Yamagata, a scholar of Confucianism from the late Edo period is a typical example of it, and he argues that the Jindai period (神代, Age of the Gods) in the Kojiki was a fiction created by later generations. A historian in 20th century, Sokichi Tsuda’s view of history, which has become mainstream after the World War II, is based on his idea. Many scholars today also believe that the mythology of Takamagahara in Kojiki was created by the ruling class to make people believe that the class was precious because they originated in the heavenly realm.
Takamagahara in Japan
Takaharu-cho, Miyazaki Prefecture
The town of Takaharu, with Takachiho Mountain rising behind it, has long been recognized as the place of Ninigi-no-Mikoto’s descent. In the Sangoku Meisho Zue (三国名勝図会), a chronicle written by Satsuma Domain at the end of the Edo period, it is written that the name of this area, Takaharu (高原), is an abbreviation of Takamagahara (高天原) and the area was the capital of Japan during ancient times. The chronicle also states that it is the reason why there are other local areas with similar names such as Miyakojima (都島) and Takajo (高城).
As a proof of this record, Amano-Sakahoko (天逆鉾), the spear of gods, can be found at the top of the mountain. It is presumed that the spear was placed around the Edo period, but the details are still unknown. The town of Takaharu is also known as the birthplace of Emperor Jimmu. The main evidence is that Emperor Jimmu’s infant name, “Sano-no-Mikoto”, in the Nihon Shoki refers to the Sano area of the town. However, there is no detailed explanation about it, and the current description of Emperor Jimmu is largely based on Sangoku Meisho Zue (三国名勝図絵). According to the chronicle, Emperor Jimmu lived here until his expedition to the east.
Takachiho-cho, Miyazaki Prefecture
The town of Takachiho is located at the Northern part of Miyazaki prefecture. Ama-no-Iwato, Mount Amanokagu, and Shiioji Peaks can be found in this area. Takachiho Shrine is known for its specific type of Shinto ritual ceremonial dance called Yoru-Kagura, which is said to have originated from a dance performed by Ame-no-Uzume.
Soyo, Yamato-cho, Kumamoto Prefecture
Hinomiya-Heitate shrine, which calls itself the birthplace of the Takamagahara mythology, is at Soyo, Kumamoto. Shintai, the sacred body of the kami, is a stone slab carved with two types of Jindai characters, and the characters “Asohi-no-okami (アソヒノオオミカミ)” and “Hifumi (日文)” are engraved on the front and back of the slab. The shrine’s name “Heitate” means Himorogi, a sacred place or an altar, and it is said that this is the sacred place where the gods descended in ancient times.
Takama, Gose-shi, Nara Prefecture
Takama is located on a plateau at the foot of Mount Kongo in Gose-shi, Nara Prefecture. The region’s old name is Katsuragi (葛城), and Mount Kongo was called Mount Takamagahara in ancient times. The Takamahiko Shrine is located at east side of Mount Kongo, and the area around the shrine is a traditional place where the gods of the heavens lived (Matsumura, 2014). The shrine is rated as the highest in the Engishiki (延喜式, Procedures of the Engi Era), and its shintai (神体, body of the kami) is a mountain located behind the shrine. Kagero Nikki (蜻蛉日記), a classical waka, indicates that Amano-iwato was at Mount Katsuragi. Since this poem was written around 974, it shows that this understanding dates back to at least the Heian Period (794-1185). Similarly, Sanryu-syo(三流抄), the classical waka poem written in Kamakura period (1185-1333), describes the location of Takamagahara as Mount Katsuragi. Until new Hitachi Province theory was proposed by Hakuseki Arai in Edo period, this area was considered to be the location of Takamagahara. The stone monument of Takamagahara is in the parking lot of a temple in this area.
Iruzen, Maniwa City, Okayama Prefecture
Kayabe Shrine, Amano-Iwato, and Amano-Ukihashi are in the area of Hiruzen.
Oinuana, Ueno Village, Gunma Prefecture
The place was traditionally known as a small cave, but it was discovered to be much longer and deeper in 1929. The cave was named after what was believed to be the dwelling place of the Yamainu. Some places inside have been named as Takamagahara and Ama-no-Yasugawara.
Taga County, Ibaraki Prefecture
According to the theory proposed by Hakusei Arai, kanji in ancient times were representing pronunciation of the Japanese language, and the original meaning of the kanji does not match the meaning of the words they are describing. Therefore, the words expressed from them only explained pronunciation not the actual meanings. In Koshitsu (古史通), Hakuseki interpreted Takamagahara in hiragana instead of kanji and compared it to Taga Country in Hitachi Province. Also, he suggests that places called “Takaama-no-Ura” and “Takaama-no-Hara” in Hitachi Province are originated from Takamagahara.
Iki, Nagasaki
The names of places such as “Amagahara (天ヶ原)” and “Takanohara (高野原)” still remain, and they are considered as “Heavenly Territory (天国領域)” according to the Kyushu-Yamatai-Koku theory.
Takamagahara in South Korea
Goryeong Country, North Gueongsang Province, South Korea
The Korean Peninsula theory was sometimes advocated mainly by amateur Korean researchers after World War II. Initially, Chuncheon City at Gangwon-do was considered to be the location of Takamagahara in South Korea because of certain lyrics from Komagaku, a type of traditional Japanese court music.
However, in the 1990s, the chancellor of the Kaya University proposed a new theory called Goryeong County theory. He believes that the name of Mount Sori from Takamagahara mythology came from the capital city of South Korea, Seoul, and therefore Goryeong County is the correct location of it. In 1999, stone monument of Takamagahara (고천원고지비) was raised in the Kaya University.
References
Guide in Takamagahara historic site (Japanese)
Ono, Sokyo, (1992), Shinto: The Kami Way, Charles E. Tuttle Company, Basic Terms of Shinto, Kokugakuin University, Institute for Japanese Culture and Classics, Tokyo 1985Kenkyusha's New Japanese-English Dictionary'', Kenkyusha Limited, Tokyo 1991,
See also
Mount Takamagahara
Nirai Kanai
Ashihara no Nakatsukuni
Yomi
Ne-no-Kuni
Tian
Conceptions of heaven
Locations in Japanese mythology | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takamagahara |
This is a list of Australian Aboriginal prehistoric sites.
Key:
BGS = Below ground surface
C14 = Radiocarbon date
char. = charcoal
OSL = Optical stimulated thermoluminescence
AA = Australian Archaeology
References
Josephine Flood (2004) Archaeology of the Dreamtime, J.B Publishing, Marleston
Archaeological sites in Australia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian%20Aboriginal%20prehistoric%20sites |
Eurana was a steam cargo ship built on speculation in 1915 by Union Iron Works of San Francisco. While under construction, the ship was acquired by Frank Duncan McPherson Strachan to operate in the Atlantic trade for his family's Strachan Shipping Company. The vessel made several trips between the Southeast of the United States and Europe before being sold to the Nafra Steamship Company in 1917. The freighter then entered the Mediterranean trade where she remained until September 1918 when she was requisitioned by the Emergency Fleet Corporation and transferred to the United States Navy to transport military supplies prior to the end of World War I, and as a troop transport after the war's end. In October 1919, the ship was returned to Nafra, which was then being reorganized to become the Green Star Steamship Company. In 1923, Eurana and twelve other ships passed to the Planet Steamship Company, newly formed to receive them from Green Star's bankruptcy. The ship remained principally engaged in the West Coast to East Coast trade for the next seven years. In 1930, together with several other vessels, Eurana was purchased by the Calmar Steamship Corporation, and renamed Alamar. The ship continued carrying various cargo between the East and West Coasts of the United States through 1941. On 27 May 1942, while en route from Hvalfjord to Murmansk carrying lend-lease war materiel to the Soviet Union during World War II as part of Arctic convoy PQ-16, she was fatally damaged by German aircraft bombs and was consequently scuttled by a British submarine to prevent her from becoming a menace to navigation.
Design and construction
Early in 1915 James Rolph Jr., mayor of San Francisco and owner of the two shipping companies Rolph, Hind & Company and Rolph Coal and Navigation Company, placed an order with Union Iron Works to build a new vessel of approximately 9,000 tons. With Germany conducting unrestricted submarine warfare in early parts of 1915, European ship-owners suffered considerable shipping losses. As a result, the prices for new and existing ships and freight fees skyrocketed, prompting some entrepreneurs to enter the highly speculative shipbuilding business. In anticipation of increasing demand for vessels, Union Iron Works decided to build two ships of the same design and size instead of one.
On 1 June 1915, with much fanfare, Rolph himself drove the first rivet fastening the keel of his vessel, to be named Annette Rolph. A few days later Union Iron Works laid the keel for her yet unnamed sister ship. On 11 September 1915, Eurana Schwab, wife of Charles M. Schwab, pressed a button in her house in Bethlehem and the electrically operated guillotine cut the cord releasing the vessel into the water. Mrs. John McGregor, the wife of the president of the Union Iron Works, served as a local sponsor. As the ship slipped into the water, she was christened Eurana in honor of Mrs. Schwab. A few months later, in November 1915, while the new vessel was still under construction, she was purchased for $ by shipping magnate Frank Duncan McPherson Strachan of Savannah for use in the cotton trade between the southeastern United States and Europe.
Eurana was built on the three-island principle with fairly short well decks both fore and aft. The ship had two main decks and was built using the Isherwood principle of longitudinal framing, strengthening the body of the vessel. Her machinery was situated amidships and she also possessed all the modern cranes for quick loading and unloading of cargo. The vessel was equipped with a de Forest-type radio and had electric lights installed along the decks.
As built, the ship was long (between perpendiculars) and abeam, and had a depth of . Eurana was assessed at and and had deadweight tonnage of approximately 9,450. The vessel had a steel hull and a single steam turbine rated at , double-reduction geared to a single screw propeller that moved the ship at up to . The steam for the engine was supplied by three Scotch marine boilers fitted for oil fuel.
Sea trials were held on 16 January 1916 in the San Francisco Bay, just off California City in Paradise Cove. The vessel made several runs on a measured mile reaching an average speed of . Following successful completion of the trials, the vessel returned to Union Iron Works and her title was conveyed to her new owners, Walker Armstrong & Company.
Operational history
In December 1915, when nearing completion, Eurana was chartered by the Sperry Flour Company to transport a large cargo of flour to Europe. After being transferred to her owners, the ship loaded part of her cargo and sailed out from San Francisco on 20 January bound for Tacoma to load the remainder of her cargo. On her way north, Eurana tried to aid the schooner Centralia which was embattled by storms, but in the dark and foggy weather, Eurana crew were unable to find the distressed vessel. Upon arrival in Tacoma, Eurana loaded 8,850 long tons of flour bound for France, the largest cargo to be sent there that year. The steamer finished loading on 3 February, and departed for France the same day, reaching Bordeaux on 21 April. Eurana returned to Newport News on 31 May, successfully concluding her maiden voyage. The freighter was then transferred to the control of a subsidiary of Walker Armstrong, the Southland Steamship Corporation, and proceeded to Jacksonville and then Savannah where she embarked a large cargo of various southern goods, such as rosin, turpentine, pig iron, tobacco, lumber and cotton, and departed for Liverpool. On her return voyage, she was stopped by a German submarine for inspection, but was released after examination. Eurana made three more trips to Europe, first with 8,200 tons of grain to Rotterdam, then one to France with record cargo of cotton and other southern goods, and finally one to England in January 1917 also with cargo loaded at Jacksonville and Savannah. Upon return to the United States, Eurana was sold by her owners on 26 April 1917 to the Nafra Company for about .
Nafra had recently entered into a contract with the Italian Government to transport 60,000 tons of metal from the United States to Italy. As the company could not charter vessels at reasonable rates it decided to buy three steamers, including Eurana, to fulfill the contract. Eurana managed to make two trips to Italy between May and October 1917, but on 12 October 1917, the United States Shipping Board (USSB) sent out a letter to all ship-owners advising them of imminent requisition of all vessels above 2,500 gross register tons for war purposes. Following a lengthy dispute, the requisition agreement was signed on 13 April 1918, and Eurana was placed under Shipping Board control on a bareboat basis. On 2 July 1918 the Shipping Board transferred Eurana to the War Department and her trips to the Mediterranean ended.
U.S. Navy service, World War I
Following her transfer to the War Department, Eurana was acquired by the U.S. Navy on 13 September 1918 and officially commissioned on 21 September. The freighter was put under control of Naval Overseas Transportation Service (NOTS), renamed USS Eurana and assigned identification number SP-1594. She was also defensively armed with two naval guns. Her first trip under Navy control was as part of convoy HN-86 carrying tanks and military supplies. After returning to New York on 24 February 1919, she was transferred to the Cruiser and Transport Force on 2 March 1919 and was thereafter used as a troop transport. On her next trip she returned home carrying 1,737 men of 326th Infantry and several "casuals", soldiers temporarily separated from their units, including Percy L. Jones, commander of the American ambulance service with the French Army. Eurana sailed once more to France, returning to New York on 14 September, following which she proceeded to Norfolk where she was decommissioned from the US Navy on 9 October 1919. Two weeks later, the Baltimore Dry Dock & Shipbuilding Company was awarded a contract for extensive repairs to Eurana following her naval service.
Return to commercial service
While Eurana was undergoing repairs, the Nafra Company was reorganized and incorporated, together with all its assets, into the newly formed Green Star Steamship Corporation. After completion of repairs, Eurana was returned to her owners and sailed from Baltimore on 10 December 1919 for New York to load cargo bound for Italy. After returning from Italy in February 1920, Eurana was reassigned to the Far East trade and proceeded to Baltimore and Savannah. She embarked a full cargo of phosphates and cotton and departed from Savannah on 9 March bound for Kobe. While underway, she experienced problems with her turbines, and had to put in into Honolulu for repairs. After quickly finishing the repairs, Eurana continued to her destination, reaching Kobe on 3 May. The ship returned uneventfully to New York, arriving on 5 August. Upon discharging her cargo, the steamer continued to Baltimore where she loaded 8,000 tons of steel and departed for Singapore on 21 September. While on this trip, she again developed problems with her turbines and boilers and was forced to call at Honolulu on 30 October. This time the repairs took more than seven weeks and the ship eventually left on 23 December. However, about 120 miles out of Honolulu, she developed further problems with her turbines and had to turn back. It took more than a month to finish this third round of repairs and the freighter left port again on 4 February 1921. Before departure she went on an extended trial run to ensure all problems were resolved. On returning to harbor from the trial run, Eurana struck a pier, damaging her bow just above the waterline. The ensuing repairs took several more days, and the ship was finally able to depart on 10 February. The vessel reached Singapore on 3 July after stopovers in Shanghai and Hong Kong. She then continued on to Sourabaja and from there to Colombo where she developed more problems, this time with leaking condenser tubes and her feed pumps out of order. Nevertheless, the vessel was able to proceed slowly to Aden where she was repaired and from there continue on to Europe via the Suez Canal. Eurana finally returned to New York on 14 May 1922, finishing a nearly 20-month, trouble-filled, round-the-world journey.
By the time Eurana returned to the East Coast, her owners, the Green Star Steamship Corporation, were financially strained, and feeling the effects of a shipping crisis that had begun the prior year. The company had attempted a rapid expansion, acquiring close to forty vessels and incurring large debts. As business dried up and many ships were forced to be either laid up or sit idle in ports, the company defaulted on its debts and after a two-year-long struggle to get help from USSB, it was forced into receivership and sold its assets. Many vessels remained idle during this time, but in June 1922, Steele Steamship Company announced their intention to acquire seven of the ships for the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean to Pacific trade. That plan failed to materialize, as a subsequent rate war made profits from that route unlikely.
Planet Steamship Corporation
In February 1923, the newly formed Planet Steamship Corporation took over the remaining assets of the Green Star Line. The new company acquired seven vessels including Eurana at two US Marshal's auctions with an intent to put them into West Coast to East Coast trade.
Eurana remained idle until late July when she was finally put into action and departed New York with almost 8,500 tons of general cargo and steel bound for Seattle. After stopovers at San Pedro and San Francisco, the vessel reached her destination on 13 September, and upon discharging the cargo proceeded to Tacoma, Everett and Portland to load more than 5,000,000 feet of lumber.
The vessel reached Boston on 1 November, successfully completing her first trip under new ownership. Eurana continued sailing mainly on the East to West Coast route through the end of 1929, often carrying steel and steel products and general cargo on her westward journeys under charter to the Isthmian Steamship Company. On one her typical trips, in September 1926, she was laden with 1,000 tons of iron pipe for the Union Oil Company. On her eastward trips she carried lumber, canned fish, fruit and other general cargo from ports of the Pacific Northwest and California.
In June 1924 when navigating up the Columbia River, the steamer's steering gear failed and she ran aground suffering minor damage to her hull. In October 1924 she made her first trip to the United Kingdom, carrying lumber, lumber products, cotton and canned goods to London and Liverpool. On her return trip, she ran into a severe storm and sprang a leak in her forward compartment but was able to stay afloat and safely make it to Boston. Upon finishing repairs the ship again sailed to the West Coast where she loaded another cargo for United Kingdom, this time carrying grain in addition to lumber and other merchandise.
In December 1925 Eurana made her only trip to Hawaii bringing general cargo, including 11,000 pounds of empty bottles. On her way back the vessel carried large shipment of pineapples to San Francisco, and then proceeded to Puget Sound to load her usual cargo of lumber, copper and other general cargo for delivery to the East Coast. In April 1926 while on her usual trip to the West Coast with general cargo and steel, Eurana hit a reef near the entrance of the Panama Canal, but suffered only minor damage and was able to continue on her trip.
Collision with the Second Narrows Bridge
Eurana arrived at the Puget Sound ports in late February 1927 and upon discharging her cargo proceeded to Port Alberni to load lumber destined for the East Coast. She continued to New Westminster and Vancouver, loading lumber at each port. On the evening of 10 March 1927 the ship departed Dollarton laden with more than 4,000,000 feet of lumber and was proceeding down the Burrard Inlet to load a remaining 800,000 feet of lumber at Victoria. The ship was piloted by captain Walter Wingate, an experienced local pilot.
Shortly after 18:00 the vessel appeared in view of the Second Narrows Bridge, a bascule bridge built in 1925 across the Burrard Inlet, connecting East Vancouver to North Vancouver. As the ship was closing in, the bascule gate was opened and Eurana headed straight for it. When approximately 400 feet away from the bridge, the freighter suddenly started shearing forcing the pilot to put engines full ahead. The vessel continued to swerve, and when it became obvious she would not be able to clear through the bridge, both anchors were dropped in an attempt to slow her down and mitigate the impact. While the starboard anchor held, the port one dragged, swinging the vessel further north and at approximately 18:15 Eurana struck the bridge approximately 60 feet north of the bascule gate. As the freighter crashed into the bridge, her forward upper works, derricks, the forward mast, the bridge house and chartroom were sheared off, and the ship came to rest with the east side of the bridge nearly touching her funnel. The bridge's east footwalk was destroyed but the bridge held and its west side was undamaged.
Salvage tugs worked to free the damaged vessel, as she was entangled with the bridge and the rising tide threatened to break the vessel in two. After nearly two hours of salvage work, Eurana was freed and was towed to the eastern anchorage at approximately 20:35. The ship and the bridge were surveyed following the accident and the damage to the bridge was estimated at and to the vessel at .
On 13 March Eurana was towed to Seattle to undergo repairs, with her owners posting bonds as the bridge owners voiced their intent to libel the ship for damages. The repairs took two weeks to finish and cost approximately . On 2 April 1927 Eurana returned to Victoria to finish loading her cargo.
While the ship returned to her usual responsibilities, the bridge owners filed a libel case, alleging improper navigation and seeking compensation in the amount of approximately . The ship owners filed a counterclaim alleging that the bridge was poorly designed, as it was not tall enough and the bascule gate was not in the middle of the stream, which impeded water flow and created dangerous eddy currents during tides. The pilot, Captain Wingate, testified for Euranas owners, describing the accident and explaining how the bridge design affected the tidal currents. Two more local captains testified agreeing with captain Wingate that the bridge was not properly designed and was a menace to navigation. In addition, Euranas owners claimed the bridge's construction deviated from its legislature-approved blueprints, and was therefore constructed illegally. In April 1929, the court dismissed both of the competing claims, finding that Eurana was navigating properly and that the bridge was built legally and was not a menace to navigation.
While the court case was under way, Eurana continued operating on her usual route. In August 1928 when leaving Baltimore, her steering gear failed and she ran aground. After being refloated, she was towed to anchorage where she was struck in the stern by Munson steamer . Neither vessel suffered significant damage and each was able to continue on its respective journey. The repairs to Euranas steering gear were done at the Port of Oakland upon arrival there. Eurana was then selected by Planet Steamship Company to sail directly between the Puget Sound and Belfast and Dublin in Ireland.
Sinking of SS Dorothy
Eurana departed Baltimore on 31 August 1929, partially loaded, headed for New York to pick up the remainder of her cargo. In the early morning hours of 1 September 1929 the ship was proceeding slowly down the Chesapeake Bay under control of pilot Willard Wade. At the same time, A. H. Bull steamer SS Dorothy was sailing with a full cargo of phosphate rock from Tampa, bound for Baltimore. The night was clear with good visibility. Shortly after midnight, captain Olaf Andresen of Dorothy sighted Eurana and her green light about 2 miles off starboard side, and turned the wheel to starboard about half a point to give the incoming steamer more room to pass. Captain Andersen then saw both of Euranas lights and turned the wheel to starboard side again. Captain Wade, on the other hand, first sighted Dorothy about three and a half miles to his port side. Seeing the other steamer's port light, captain Wade turned the wheel to port side to give Dorothy more space to pass. He then too noticed the other ship showing both of her lights and ported the wheel more. Both Wade and the second officer claimed it appeared to them that Dorothy was zigzagging.
As the ships continued maneuvering they found themselves just off Smith's Point at the mouth of the Potomac River. The vessels closed in and the collision became unavoidable. As Dorothy was cutting across Euranas bow, captain Wade ordered to reverse the engines but it was too late and his ship's bow struck Dorothy amidships, opening a 10 foot hole in her hull, immediately flooding her engine compartment and shutting her engines down. Captain Wade tried to keep the ships together to prevent Dorothy from sinking, but eventually the ships came apart and approximately 45 minutes after the collision, at about 02:00, Dorothy turned over and sank. Thirty crewmembers of Dorothy were able to board Eurana by means of a rope ladder thrown over her bow. Two people were trapped inside of stricken steamer and went down with her. Eurana had her bow smashed but did not take on any water and was able to slowly proceed to Newport News for repairs and disembark the crew of Dorothy.
The repairs took approximately two weeks to finalize and Eurana was able to leave Newport News on 18 September for Portland to finish loading her cargo. The wreck of Dorothy was examined by divers who determined that the vessel was laying on her side in approximately of water. Neither the owners nor the underwriters decided to attempt to salvage Dorothy; the ship was declared a total loss and abandoned.
Calmar Steamship Corporation
In 1927, Bethlehem Steel founded Calmar Steamship Corporation as a wholly owned subsidiary company to transport steel and steel products from the company's steel mills in Maryland and Pennsylvania to the West Coast costumers. Calmar exclusively transported Bethlehem's products westbound but served as a common carrier carrying lumber and other cargoes on their return voyages eastwards for a variety of shippers.
In November 1929 it was reported that Calmar placed a bid in the amount of for five steamers operated by Planet Steamship Corp., with Eurana being valued at . Approximately two weeks later, the sale went through and all five vessels were sold to Calmar, increasing the size of their operational intercoastal fleet to eleven vessels. Following the sale all five new vessels were renamed according to Calmar Steamship's established naming pattern, where the names of the ships consisted of two parts, the prefix corresponding to a state, city or facility operated by Bethlehem Steel, and the second part consisting of word "-mar", an abbreviation for Maryland. Under this naming tradition, Eurana became Alamar in honor of Alameda. At the time of the sale, Eurana was on a voyage to United Kingdom, subsequently departing Liverpool on 18 January 1930 and reaching Baltimore on 6 February. After unloading and repairs, the steamer was transferred to her new owners on 4 March.
Alamar departed on her first voyage under new ownership on 22 March 1930 bound for West Coast ports via Philadelphia carrying full cargo of steel and hardware. The vessel arrived at Los Angeles on 20 April successfully completing her voyage under new name and ownership. She continued serving this general route through the early part of 1941. On her westward journeys the ship carried steel, steel products and hardware for various ports along the West Coast. The freighter carried mainly lumber and lumber products eastwards on her return trips to the North Atlantic ports. For example, in December 1930 the ship carried well over 3,000,000 feet of lumber to the East Coast, and in July 1937 she delivered over 4,500,000 feet of lumber to Boston.
In the early morning on 17 November 1932, Alamar was proceeding up the Delaware Bay towards Baltimore with her usual cargo of lumber. The weather was very foggy. When approximately 20 miles south of Newcastle the freighter was suddenly struck on her port side by Cunard Line steamer SS Makalla who had left Philadelphia two hours earlier. The resulting collision completely demolished Alamars forecastle, destroying the crew cabin and crushing one crewmember to death. Another crewmember, Walter Sandusky, a carpenter, was thrown from his bunk bed almost a hundred feet and landed in Makallas hold, but only suffered minor injuries. Makalla had her bow stove in just above the waterline, and was towed by tugs to port while Alamar was able to proceed to her destination under her own power. Upon unloading her cargo, Alamar returned to Baltimore in early December to enter the drydock for repairs. A few months later, in March 1933, while Alamar was berthed in San Pedro, Walter Sandusky died of alcohol poisoning after a night of drinking.
Early in 1934 Alamar transported among other cargo 300 Studebaker automobiles from Philadelphia to the Pacific Coast dealers.
During the night of 4–5 November 1935, Alamar was progressing down the Columbia River towards Portland after taking a partial lumber cargo at Vancouver. The vessel deviated from the channel too far to the Oregon side of the river and went aground on a sand bar. Due to shortage of tugs, US Coast Guard cutter was dispatched to help to float the freighter, however, the first attempt on 7 November proved to be unsuccessful. The ship was successfully dislodged at higher tide later the same day and continued to her destination.
In 1937 Alamar was involved in two accidents with other vessels. In the evening of 10 March, while on one of her regular trips, Alamar rammed and sunk San Francisco-based fishing trawler Normandie approximately thirteen miles off the entrance into Humboldt Bay. There were no casualties, as the crew was saved by another trawler, Wanderer. On 17 April, Alamar under command of Captain Ragnar Emanuel Nystrom was proceeding from Philadelphia to Sparrows Point drydock. As the vessel entered the harbor, just off Fort McHenry, she tried to pass another steamer, SS City of Havre, on her port side. At the same time, SS Yorktown, a passenger liner on her passage from Norfolk to Baltimore with close to 100 passengers under command of Captain Elliot, was attempting to overtake Alamar. As Yorktown was gaining on Alamar she was forced towards the mid-channel by water compression near shore, while the freighter started executing her maneuver, turning into Yorktowns path. As the steamers were very close too each other, Yorktown struck Alamar on her port side roughly amidships. As a result of the collision, the passenger ship had her bow smashed and twisted and had one passenger injured, but was able to make port on her own. Alamar also suffered only minor damage and continued on to Sparrows Point for repairs. Following a probe into the crash, both captains were suspended, Captain Elliot for 30 days and Captain Nystrom for 15, for unskillful navigation and inattention to duty.
The freighter returned to East Coast on her last peace-time trip in early July 1941 and went into dock for maintenance and repairs. At the same time, following the Emergency proclamation issued by President Roosevelt on 27 May 1941, the vessel together with many other ships were chartered by the Maritime Commission for Red Sea service, which would allow the vessels under US flag to transport war matériel and supplies acquired through lend-lease by the British War Ministry for British troops fighting in North Africa. Alamar loaded her cargo and sailed from New York on 26 July 1941 arriving in Port Sudan on 25 September via Cape Town and Aden. The freighter returned to New York on 24 January 1942 after picking up cargo at Calcutta and Colombo.
Alamar remained in Baltimore until 6 March 1942 when she was requisitioned by the War Shipping Administration and sailed to Philadelphia for loading. After embarking her wartime cargo of general supplies, ammunition and fuel in drums, the vessel proceeded to Halifax, a gathering port for all Atlantic convoys. The freighter then sailed from Halifax as part of convoy SC-77 bound for Reykjavik where she was to join one of the Arctic convoys to deliver lend-lease supplies to the Soviet Union. The ship was detached from the convoy and safely reached Iceland on 15 April and remained there for over a month waiting for ice floes to recede in the Northern Atlantic.
Sinking
Together with 34 other cargo vessels, Alamar departed Hvalfjord on 21 May as part of convoy PQ-16. The vessel carried 6,762 tons of military cargo consisting of munitions, tanks, fuel, trucks and foodstuffs for the Red Army. She was under command of Captain Nystrom, had a crew of thirty six, and carried nine Navy gunners. Two days later the convoy was joined by its escorts. At approximately 19:00 on 23 May the convoy was spotted by a German reconnaissance plane at approximate position . During the night of 23–24 May thick fog resulted in the convoy inadvertently separating into two groups, which were able to rejoin by the following night. At about 06:35 on 25 May, a Focke-Wulf Condor reconnaissance plane began shadowing the convoy. Later that evening the convoy was attacked unsuccessfully for the first time by a group of seven He-111 torpedo bombers from Luftwaffe bomber wing KG 30 and six Ju-88 long range bombers from KG 26. Two more unsuccessful air attacks followed during the night of 25 May and the evening of 26 May. At about 03:20 on 27 May, the convoy weathered a third unsuccessful attack, after which it altered its course to the southeast to avoid pack ice. At about 11:10, the convoy came under a massive attack, mostly by Ju-88 dive bombers. At about 13:10 Alamar was hit on aft-deck by two bombs in quick succession setting the ship and her cargo on fire. Alamar started to take on water and soon developed a starboard list, forcing hasty but successful evacuation. 20–25 minutes later, Alamar was scuttled by a British submarine. The crew was picked up by HMS Starwort and HMS St. Elsten approximately twelve hours later and were safely landed at Murmansk on 30 May 1942.
The survivors from Alamar sailed from Murmansk for New York aboard another Calmar vessel, SS Massmar, in Convoy QP 13. On 5 July 1942, while travelling in stormy weather with poor visibility, an escort and six merchant vessels including Massmar mistakenly entered the Northern Barrage minefield SN72, laid at the entrance to the Denmark Strait. Massmar hit two mines near her #4 and #5 holds, forcing the passengers and crew to abandon ship in three lifeboats and three rafts. Soon after, two lifeboats capsized including one with sixty men on board. French corvette Roselys picked up the survivors after about thirty minutes. Twenty-two crewmen and four gunners from Alamar as well as seventeen crewmembers and five gunners from Massmar died from drowning and exposure. All the survivors, including twenty-three from Alamar, were landed in Reykjavik.
References
1915 ships
Ships built by Union Iron Works
Steamships of the United States
Merchant ships of the United States
Ships sunk by German aircraft
Maritime incidents in May 1942
World War II shipwrecks in the Arctic Ocean
Patrol vessels of the United States Navy | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SS%20Eurana |
Findon may refer to:
Places
Findon, Aberdeenshire or Finnan, a fishing village in Scotland
Findon, South Australia, a suburb of Adelaide
Findon, West Sussex, a village in England
People
Andrew Findon, British flautist
See also
Findern, Derbyshire
Finedon, Northamptonshire | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Findon |
Eric Fish (born Erik-Uwe Hecht; 28 May 1969), is the singer of German medieval metal band Subway to Sally. He performs also as a solo musical artist.
History
Eric's first musical merit was that of reaching the finale of a DDR singer/songwriter competition in 1988. The same year he founded Catriona, a folk band based in Königs Wusterhausen, together with Jan Klemm ("Herr Jeh") and Marek Kalbus. The band released one album, the Rightfull King, in 1990, before it broke up. Jan Klemm went on to form the Inchtabokatables, and Eric joined Subway to Sally in 1992, where he initially played the bagpipes, pennywhistles and shared the position of singer with Simon and Bodenski. With the second release of the band, MCMXCV, Eric took over as main vocalist.
His solo project saw the light of day ("the darkness of pubs") in 1999, with Eric playing up to 6-hour-long gigs in small pubs. He was joined by Rainer Michalek in 2000, and Uwe Nordwig (Grenztanz) shortly thereafter. The program of the concerts consisted of rock cover songs, Irish folk and German singer/songwriter songs, as well as Subway to Sally songs.
His first solo album was released in 2004; a live album called Live: Auge in Auge (Live: eye to eye). Quite a few cover songs were on the record, but also original works, penned by Eric or Bodenski. The years of touring start to pay off, with the first sold-out concerts and coverage in the German music press. A new man joins in: Gerit Hecht, at first as backliner/sound engineer, but soon also onstage, as keyboarder. A second solo album, Zwilling (Twin) was released in 2005.
Eric also participated in "Weiß", a project by Rainer Michalek and Gerit Hecht, as a vocalist on several tracks. He has also guest-featured on a few releases in Germany and England (see discography).
Discography
Solo
Auge in Auge (2004, live)
Zwilling (2006)
Zugabe (2006)
Gegen den Strom (2007)
Zugabe II (2008)
Anders Sein – Der FilmTourFilm (2009, live on CD and DVD)
Alles im Fluss (2009)
Kaskade (2013)
Gezeiten (2018)
As Catriona
The Rightfull King (1990)
With Subway to Sally
Album 1994 (1994, label: Costbar)
MCMXCV (1995) (1995, label: Stars in the dark)
Foppt den Dämon! (1996, label: Red Rooster)
Bannkreis (1997, label: BMG/Ariola)
Hochzeit (1999, label: BMG/Ariola)
Schrei! (live album, 2000, label: BMG/Ariola)
Herzblut (2001, label: Island Mercury)
Die Rose im Wasser (Best Of album, 2001)
Engelskrieger (2003, label: Motor Music)
Subway to Sally Live (2 DVD, 2003, label: Motor Music)
Nord Nord Ost (August 22, label: Nuclear Blast 2005)
Nackt (2006, label: Nuclear Blast)
Bastard (2007, label: Nuclear Blast)
Kreuzfeuer (2009, label: Nuclear Blast)
Nackt II (CD/DVD, October 22, label: StS Entertainment 2010)
Schwarz in Schwarz (2011, label: StS Entertainment)
Mitgift (2014, label: StS Entertainment)
Hey! (2019, label: StS Entertainment)
Himmelfahrt (2023, label: Napalm Records)
Guest appearances
Skyclad - "Oui Avant-Garde a Chance" (1996)
Grave Digger - "Excalibur" (1999)
Pain of Progress - "Frozen Pain" (2001)
Adorned Brood - "Erdenkraft" (2002)
Nik Page - "Sacrifight" (2002)
Fiddler's Green - "Folk Raider" (2002)
Fiddler's Green - "Celebrate" (DVD, 2005)
Letzte Instanz - "Ins Licht" (2006)
ASP - "Zaubererbruder (Krabat Liederreihe 7)" (2006)
"The Flames Still Burns" - song on "Ballroom Hamburg — A Decade of Rock" compilation (2010)
Faun - "Duett" (2013)
Mono Inc- "A Vagabond's Life" (2018)
Lord of the Lost - "Sin" - Nine Inch Nails (cover) (2019)
References
External links
Official sites
Official website
Weiss
1969 births
Living people
People from Treuenbrietzen
People from Bezirk Potsdam
German male musicians | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric%20Fish |
Hyperboloid structures are architectural structures designed using a hyperboloid in one sheet. Often these are tall structures, such as towers, where the hyperboloid geometry's structural strength is used to support an object high above the ground. Hyperboloid geometry is often used for decorative effect as well as structural economy. The first hyperboloid structures were built by Russian engineer Vladimir Shukhov (1853–1939), including the Shukhov Tower in Polibino, Dankovsky District, Lipetsk Oblast, Russia.
Properties
Hyperbolic structures have a negative Gaussian curvature, meaning they curve inward rather than curving outward or being straight. As doubly ruled surfaces, they can be made with a lattice of straight beams, hence are easier to build than curved surfaces that do not have a ruling and must instead be built with curved beams.
Hyperboloid structures are superior in stability against outside forces compared with "straight" buildings, but have shapes often creating large amounts of unusable volume (low space efficiency). Hence they are more commonly used in purpose-driven structures, such as water towers (to support a large mass), cooling towers, and aesthetic features.
A hyperbolic structure is beneficial for cooling towers. At the bottom, the widening of the tower provides a large area for installation of fill to promote thin film evaporative cooling of the circulated water. As the water first evaporates and rises, the narrowing effect helps accelerate the laminar flow, and then as it widens out, contact between the heated air and atmospheric air supports turbulent mixing.
Work of Shukhov
In the 1880s, Shukhov began to work on the problem of the design of roof systems to use a minimum of materials, time and labor. His calculations were most likely derived from mathematician Pafnuty Chebyshev's work on the theory of best approximations of functions. Shukhov's mathematical explorations of efficient roof structures led to his invention of a new system that was innovative both structurally and spatially. By applying his analytical skills to the doubly curved surfaces Nikolai Lobachevsky named "hyperbolic", Shukhov derived a family of equations that led to new structural and constructional systems, known as hyperboloids of revolution and hyperbolic paraboloids.
The steel gridshells of the exhibition pavilions of the 1896 All-Russian Industrial and Handicrafts Exposition in Nizhny Novgorod were the first publicly prominent examples of Shukhov's new system. Two pavilions of this type were built for the Nizhni Novgorod exposition, one oval in plan and one circular. The roofs of these pavilions were doubly curved gridshells formed entirely of a lattice of straight angle-iron and flat iron bars. Shukhov himself called them azhurnaia bashnia ("lace tower", i.e., lattice tower). The patent of this system, for which Shukhov applied in 1895, was awarded in 1899.
Shukhov also turned his attention to the development of an efficient and easily constructed structural system (gridshell) for a tower carrying a large load at the top – the problem of the water tower. His solution was inspired by observing the action of a woven basket supporting a heavy weight. Again, it took the form of a doubly curved surface constructed of a light network of straight iron bars and angle iron. Over the next 20 years, he designed and built nearly 200 of these towers, no two exactly alike, most with heights in the range of 12m to 68m.
At least as early as 1911, Shukhov began experimenting with the concept of forming a tower out of stacked sections of hyperboloids. Stacking the sections permitted the form of the tower to taper more at the top, with a less pronounced "waist" between the shape-defining rings at bottom and top. Increasing the number of sections would increase the tapering of the overall form, to the point that it began to resemble a cone.
By 1918 Shukhov had developed this concept into the design of a nine-section stacked hyperboloid radio transmission tower in Moscow. Shukhov designed a 350m tower, which would have surpassed the Eiffel Tower in height by 50m, while using less than a quarter of the amount of material. His design, as well as the full set of supporting calculations analyzing the hyperbolic geometry and sizing the network of members, was completed by February 1919. However, the 2200 tons of steel required to build the tower to 350m were not available. In July 1919, Lenin decreed that the tower should be built to a height of 150m, and the necessary steel was to be made available from the army's supplies. Construction of the smaller tower with six stacked hyperboloids began within a few months, and Shukhov Tower was completed by March 1922.
Other architects
Antoni Gaudi and Shukhov carried out experiments with hyperboloid structures nearly simultaneously, but independently, in 1880–1895. Antoni Gaudi used structures in the form of hyperbolic paraboloid (hypar) and hyperboloid of revolution in the Sagrada Família in 1910. In the Sagrada Família, there are a few places on the nativity facade – a design not equated with Gaudi's ruled-surface design, where the hyperboloid crops up. All around the scene with the pelican, there are numerous examples (including the basket held by one of the figures). There is a hyperboloid adding structural stability to the cypress tree (by connecting it to the bridge). The "bishop's mitre" spires are capped with hyperboloids.
In the Palau Güell, there is one set of interior columns along the main facade with hyperbolic capitals. The crown of the famous parabolic vault is a hyperboloid. The vault of one of the stables at the Church of Colònia Güell is a hyperboloid. There is a unique column in the Park Güell that is a hyperboloid. The famous Spanish engineer and architect Eduardo Torroja designed a thin-shell water tower in Fedala and the roof of Hipódromo de la Zarzuela in the form of hyperboloid of revolution. Le Corbusier and Félix Candela used hyperboloid structures (hypar).
A hyperboloid cooling tower was patented by Frederik van Iterson and Gerard Kuypers in 1918.
The Georgia Dome was the first Hypar-Tensegrity dome to be built.
Gallery
See also
Geodesic dome
Lattice mast
List of thin shell structures
Sam Scorer
Tensile structure
World's first hyperboloid structure
Notes
References
"The Nijni-Novgorod exhibition: Water tower, room under construction, springing of 91 feet span", "The Engineer", № 19.3.1897, pp. 292–294, London, 1897.
William Craft Brumfield, "The Origins of Modernism in Russian Architecture", University of California Press, 1991, .
Elizabeth Cooper English: “Arkhitektura i mnimosti”: The origins of Soviet avant-garde rationalist architecture in the Russian mystical-philosophical and mathematical intellectual tradition”, a dissertation in architecture, 264p., University of Pennsylvania, 2000.
"Vladimir G. Suchov 1853–1939. Die Kunst der sparsamen Konstruktion.", Rainer Graefe, Jos Tomlow und andere, 192 pp., Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart, 1990, .
External links
The research of the Shukhov's World's First Hyperboloid structure, Prof. Dr. Armin Grün
International campaign to save the Shukhov Tower
Anticlastic hyperboloid shells
Shells: Hyperbolic paraboloids (hypar)
Hyperbolic Paraboloids & Concrete Shells
Special Structures
Rainer Graefe: “Vladimir G. Šuchov 1853–1939 – Die Kunst der sparsamen Konstruktion.”,
Geometric shapes
Structural system
Russian inventions | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperboloid%20structure |
USS Halcyon may refer to the following ships of the United States Navy:
, a patrol vessel commissioned 14 May 1917 and decommissioned 24 June 1919 which then served as a research vessel in the United States Bureau of Fisheries fleet as USFS Halcyon from 1919 to 1927
, a patrol craft that served briefly in 1917
, a patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1919.
United States Navy ship names | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS%20Halcyon |
Sorapong Chatree (; born Pittaya Tiamswate; 8 December 1950 – 10 March 2022) was a Thai film actor. He had frequently starred in the films of Prince Chatrichalerm Yukol, as well as in Cherd Songsri's classic romance, Plae Kao.
Biography
He was born in Tambon Tha To (later separated into Tambon Ban Mai), Maha Rat district, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province. He was the youngest son of the family whose older brother was the oldest child and the older sister was the second child. In the past, his house was regarded as the only house in a community that has a television set.
Chatree became one of the top male stars by the mid 1970s, eventually displacing the older Sombat Metanee from the lead position. As he aged, he retained his popularity until the end of his life, he maintained his popularity and was known as a key supporting actor.
He was named a National Artist of Thailand in 2009. His hometown was transformed into a museum and cultural tourism destination, which exhibits his life.
In addition to acting roles, he has also released five studio albums with two major labels, RS Promotion and Nititad Promotion, between 1990 and 1997.
Chatree died from lung cancer at Bumrungrad Hospital in Bangkok, on 10 March 2022, at the age of 71.
Selected filmography
Ninja Destroyer (1970)
Out of the Darkness (1971)
The Hotel Angel (1974)
Grounded God (1975)
Diamond (1976)
1 2 3 Duan Mahaphai (1 2 3 Monster Express) (1977)
Mafia Defeated (1977)
Plae Kao (The Scar) (1979)
The Mountain Lion (1979)
From Bangkok with Love (1982)
Angkor: Cambodia Express (1982)
Gunman Mue puen (1983)
The Refugee (1983)
One Man Show (1984)
Cobra Thunderbolt (1984)
Freedom of Taxi Driver (Citizen II) (1984)
Top Secret (1985)
Krai Thong (1985)
Raiders of the Doomed Kingdom (After the Fall of Saigon)
The Ultimate Ninja (1986)
Operation Vietnam (1987)
Khon Liang Chang (The Elephant Keeper) (1987)
Black Warrior (1988)
The Lost Idol (1990)
Salween (Gunman 2) (1993)
Sia Dai (Daughter) (1996)
Long June (1996)
Sia Dai 2 (Daughter 2) (1997)
The Legend of Suriyothai (2001)
Saving Private Tootsie (Prom Chompoo) (2002)
Takian (2003)
Beautiful Boxer (2003)
The Sin (2004)
Khao Chon Kai (2007)
King Naresuan (2007)
Queens of Langkasuka (2008)
Ong Bak 2 (2008)
Phuket (Shot-2009)
Yamada: The Samurai of Ayothaya (2010)
Bangkok Knockout (2010)
Panthai Norasing (2015)
The Legend of King Naresuan: The Series - A Hongsawadee's Hostages (2017)
The Legend of King Naresuan: The Series - Reclaiming Sovereignty (2018)
Wat Sorapong (2021)
Appearances in Hong Kong films
In the 1980s and early 1990s, the international rights to many of films featuring Sorapong were obtained by the Hong Kong production companies IFD and Filmark. The films were then edited and newly-shot footage added (often featuring ninja directed by Godfrey Ho) to produce a movie more easily marketed to the Western market. In general IFD productions credit Sorapong and no other Thai actors, while Filmark's credit only the western actors, although more than two-thirds of the film is of Thai origin.
Awards and honors
Sorapong was appointed Member (Fifth Class) of the Order of the Crown of Thailand in 1981 and Companion
(Fourth Class) of the Order of the Direkgunabhorn in 2009.
References
External links
Sorapong Chatree at the Thai Film Database
1950 births
2022 deaths
Sorapong Chatree
Sorapong Chatree
Sorapong Chatree
Sorapong Chatree
Sorapong Chatree
Sorapong Chatree
Sorapong Chatree
Deaths from lung cancer
Deaths from cancer in Thailand
Sorapong Chatree
Sorapong Chatree | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorapong%20Chatree |
Google Page Creator was a website creation and hosting service by Google. It was a tool for basic website design, requiring no HTML or CSS knowledge.
In September 2008, Google announced that it would not accept new sign-ups to Page Creator, instead encouraging users to use Google Sites. The service was shut down in 2009, whilst existing published pages migrated to Google Sites.
One of the more famous use cases of the service was levarburton.com.
See also
Blogger (service)
References
Page Creator
Free web hosting services
Products and services discontinued in 2009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google%20Page%20Creator |
Tungsten is a chemical element with symbol W and atomic number 74.
Tungsten may also refer to:
Tungsten (band), Swedish heavy metal band
Tungsten (music), a type of phonograph pickup stylus
Tungsten (film), 2011 Greek film
Tungsten, Colorado, a ghost town
Tungsten, Northwest Territories, a Canadian townsite
Tungsten (Cantung) Airport, a Canadian private airport
Palm Tungsten, Palm Inc.'s product line of personal digital assistants
Operation Tungsten, World War II UK Royal Navy operation to sink the German battleship Tirpitz
Tungsten, a character from the novel Blart: The Boy Who Didn't Want to Save the World
Tungsten, a setting for color temperature on digital cameras
Tungsten Network, a global electronic invoicing firm
Nexus Q, a digital media player first demoed as Project Tungsten
See also
Wolfram (disambiguation)
W (disambiguation)
Isotopes of tungsten | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungsten%20%28disambiguation%29 |
The Turkish State Railways (TCDD) 56301 Class is a class of 2-10-0 steam locomotives known as "Skyliners". They were built by Vulcan Iron Works of Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania. The 88 locomotives in this class were numbered 56301-88. The first arrived in 1947.
They were the first American-built locomotives ordered by TCDD, though they had acquired ex-USATC S200 Class (TCDD 46201 Class) and ex-USATC S160 Class (TCDD 45171 Class). This class had the largest boiler and firebox of any Turkish locomotive and were the only ones fitted with mechanical stokers.
At least 4 are known to be preserved, these being 56375 at the TCDD Open Air Steam Locomotive Museum in Ankara, 56337 at the Çamlık Railway Museum, 56378 at Tren Park within Karabük University, and 56359 stored serviceable at Çankırı. The remains of 56369 and 56376 are also at Çankırı, serving as parts sources for 56359.
References
External links
56301 to 56388 Trains of Turkey
2-10-0 locomotives
56301
Steam locomotives of Turkey
Vulcan Iron Works locomotives
Standard gauge locomotives of Turkey
Railway locomotives introduced in 1947 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCDD%2056301%20Class |
Saint Silvinus or Silvin (c. 650 in Toulouse – 15 February 717 or 718 in Auchy) was an evangelist in the area of Thérouanne, which is now in northern France. He retired in the Benedictine abbey of Auchy-les-Moines.
His feast day is 17 February.
External links
Silvinus at Patron Saints Index
17 February saints at Saint Celtes et Belges
17 February saints at St. Patrick's Church
650 births
710s deaths
8th-century Frankish saints
French Benedictines | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silvin%20of%20Auchy |
Streaming XML is a synonym for dynamic data in XML format.
Another popular use of this term refers to one method of consuming XML data – largely known as Simple API for XML. This is via asynchronous events that are generated as the XML data is parsed. In this context, the consumer streams through the XML data one item at a time. It does not have anything to do whether the underlying data is being updated via dynamic or static means.
Uses
Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP). This is the protocol used for example in Google Talk.
QuiXProc is an open source Java version of XProc which is streaming and doing parallel processing
QuiXPath is an open source Java version of XPath which is streaming
QuiXSchematron is a java version of Schematron which is streaming, developed by INRIA/Innovimax
XSLT 3.0
XSLT 3.0 is adding streaming as one of its capabilities
References
XML | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streaming%20XML |
Frances Bannerman (born Jones) (1855 – 1944) was a Canadian painter and poet. She painted in oil and watercolour and made black and white illustrations.
Biography
She was born in Halifax, Nova Scotia in 1855. She was the youngest daughter of Lt. Governor Alfred G. Jones and Margaret Wiseman Stairs. She grew up in what is now the Waegwoltic Club. Bannerman received her early art education from her mother and from Forshaw Day, one of the founding members of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts, in Halifax.
In Paris, she studied at the ateliers of Edouard Krug and François-Nicolas-Augustin Feyen-Perrin, where she developed her skill as a figure painter. While living in Paris, Bannerman was one of the first North American artists to be influenced by Impressionism and began to use a brighter colour palette and depict light while working en plein air, although she preferred a more academic approach in her brushwork. She began exhibiting her work in London, England in 1882 and was a regular contributor to shows, including those of the Royal Academy of Arts and Royal Society of British Artists, until 1892.
In 1883, she exhibited at the Paris Salon. One of the works she submitted, Le Jardin d'hiver (The Conservatory), is said to be the "first Canadian subject ever to be shown in that venue". In 1882, she was the first woman to be elected an Associate of the Royal Canadian Academy, and only the second woman to be a member of that academy (the first being Academician Charlotte Schreiber).
In 1886, at age 31, she married Hamlet Bannerman, a London painter, in Halifax and that year they moved to Great Marlowe, England. Due to her health, she was forced to give up painting and in 1899 published a volume of her verse, entitled Milestones. Her best-known poem is "An Upper Chamber", which is included in the Oxford Book of English Verse. She moved to Italy in 1901, and stayed there until the Second World War forced her to leave. She returned to Torquay, England, where she died in 1944.
Works
"Le Jardin d'hiver" ("The Conservatory) (submission to the 1883 Salon)
"An Upper Chamber"
Art Gallery of Nova Scotia Collection
Her art is exhibited at the art gallery of The Rooms in Newfoundland.
References
Bibliography
External links
Canadian Woman Artists: Artists Database
Art Gallery of Nova Scotia
Bannerman in SFU Digitized Collections, Simon Fraser University, Coll. Canada's Early Women Writers (with photograph)
1855 births
1944 deaths
Artists from Nova Scotia
20th-century Canadian poets
20th-century Canadian women writers
Canadian women poets
Writers from Halifax, Nova Scotia
Members of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frances%20Bannerman |
David Macleod Black (born 8 November 1941) is a South African-born Scottish poet and psychoanalyst. He is author of six collections of poetry and is included in British Poetry since 1945, Emergency Kit (Faber), Wild Reckoning (Calouste Gulbenkian), Twentieth Century Scottish Poetry (Faber) and many other anthologies. As a psychoanalyst he has published many professional papers, an edited volume on psychoanalysis and religion, and a collection of essays relating to values and science.
Life
David Black was born in South Africa in 1941, and lived in Malawi and Tanzania before moving to Scotland in 1950. After leaving school he spent a year in France before going to Edinburgh University, where he studied Philosophy. Later he studied Buddhism and Hinduism under Ninian Smart at Lancaster. While at Edinburgh he met the Scottish poet Robert Garioch, who became a lasting influence and inspiration. In the late 1960s he lived in London and taught philosophy and literature at Chelsea School of Art, where he met the American poet Martha Kapos and the painters Ken Kiff and John McLean, who became lifelong friends.
Following six months teaching in Japan, and a year at the Findhorn Foundation on the Moray Firth, Black trained in psychotherapy first at the Westminster Pastoral Foundation (WPF) and later with the British Psychoanalytical Society/Institute of Psychoanalysis. After the unexpected death in 1980 of WPF's founder, William Kyle, Black chaired the executive committee for a year until the appointment of the new Director, Derek Blows. Later he worked for many years as a psychoanalyst in London. Retired since 2016, he is a Fellow and former Hon Secretary of the British Psychoanalytical Society. He is married to Juliet Newbigin and lives in London and Wiltshire.
Career
As a poet, under the name D. M. Black, he was at his most prolific in the 1960s and 70s, publishing With Decorum(1967), The Educators (1969), The Happy Crow (1974) and Gravitations (1979). Much of this early poetry was narrative, initially surrealist but becoming increasingly "psychological" as time went on. The last of these early collections,Gravitations, consisted largely of three long narrative poems, two of them written in a hendecasyllabic metre derived from Swinburne. During this period Black's work also appeared in Penguin Modern Poets 11 (1968) and Edward Lucie-Smith's Penguin anthology, British Poetry since 1945, and in many other places, and was widely commented on in Scottish contexts, for example in Robin Fulton's Contemporary Scottish Poetry (1974) and in reviews by Anne Stevenson (Lines Review 69, 1979) and Andrew Grieg (Akros 16:46, 1981). In 1991 Polygon published his Collected Poems 1964-77with an introduction by the translator of Mandelstam, James Greene. Since then Black has published a collection of translations of poems by Goethe, Love As Landscape Painter (Fras 2006) and two further original collections, Claiming Kindred (Arc 2011) and The Arrow-maker (Arc 2017). In 2021 NYRB Classics published his translation and commentary on Dante's Purgatorio. (This translation won the 2022 National Translation Award in Poetry, organised by the American Literary Translators Association.)
Under a different form of his name, David M. Black, his psychoanalytic papers have appeared in the International Journal of Psychoanalysis, British Journal of Psychotherapy, Journal of Consciousness Studies and elsewhere. In 1991 he authored the official early history of the Westminster Pastoral Foundation, A Place For Exploration (WPF). In 2006 he edited Psychoanalysis and Religion in the 21st Century: competitors or collaborators? (Routledge) and in 2011 published a collection of original papers, Why Things Matter: the place of values in science, psychoanalysis, and religion(Routledge).
While at Edinburgh University in the 1960s, Black edited the poetry magazine Extra Verse, and in the early 2000s he was a regular reviewer of poetry for the journal Poetry London. He has written uncollected articles on many Scottish poets, Robert Garioch, George MacBeth, Hugh MacDiarmid, Ian Hamilton Finlay and Edwin Morgan. He has written with particular admiration about the work of the American poet, Richard Wilbur.
Reviews
Relich, Mario (1975), review of Happy Crow, in Calgacus 1, Winter 1975, p. 58 & 59,
References
Sources
Official Website of D M Black
D M Black at the Scottish Poetry Library
1941 births
Living people
South African emigrants to the United Kingdom
British psychoanalysts
Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
Scottish poets
20th-century Scottish poets
21st-century Scottish poets
Translators of Dante Alighieri | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Macleod%20Black |
A ceremonial weapon is an object used for ceremonial purposes to display power or authority. They are often used in parades and as part of dress uniforms.
Although they are descended from weapons used in actual combat, they are not normally used as such. Their form and, especially, their finishing and decoration are typically designed to show status and power and to be an impressive sight, rather than for practicality as a weapon. Quite often, ceremonial weapons are constructed with precious metals or other materials that make them too delicate for combat use. With ceremonial swords, an example of this is that the sword may be poorly balanced. Historically, however, many ceremonial weapons were also capable of actual combat, most notably in the military.
Maces, halberds, daggers, and swords are the most common form of ceremonial weapons, but in theory almost any weapon can become ceremonial. The Sergeant at Arms in some parliaments carries a ceremonial mace. The Swiss Guard in the Vatican carry both ceremonial weapons (halberds and swords) and 21st century weapons (semi-automatic pistols). Mid-20th century rifles such as the American M14 and the Russian SKS, fitted with polished wood stocks, chrome plating and other decorative finishes, are common ceremonial weapons for honor guard units.
Another example is the use of a firearm to signal the start of a race. Guns are also used in celebratory gunfire.
Examples
Baton
Bulawa
Ceremonial mace
Drill purpose rifle
Gunbai
Honorary Revolutionary Weapon
Indonesian ceremonial bronze axes
Kirpan
Pace stick
Staff of office
Swagger stick
Sword of Islam (Mussolini)
Sword of justice
Sword of Saint Wenceslas – the coronation sword of Bohemia
Sword of state
Tumi
Vine staff
Weapons of Honour (French)
References
External links
European swords
European weapons
Ceremonies
Formal insignia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceremonial%20weapon |
Business simulation games, also known as economic simulation games or tycoon games, are games that focus on the management of economic processes, usually in the form of a business. Pure business simulations have been described as construction and management simulations without a construction element, and can thus be called simulations. Indeed, micromanagement is often emphasized in these kinds of games. They are essentially numeric, but try to hold the player's attention by using creative graphics. The interest in these games lies in accurate simulation of real-world events using algorithms, as well as the close tying of players' actions to expected or plausible consequences and outcomes. An important facet of economic simulations is the emergence of artificial systems, gameplay and structures.
There are many games in this genre which have been designed around numerous different enterprises and different simulations. Theme Park can be called a business simulation because the goal of the game is to attract customers and make profits, but the game also involves a building aspect that makes it a construction and management simulation. This genre also includes many of the "tycoon" games such as Railroad Tycoon and Transport Tycoon. Another similar example of a business simulation (that models a startup business) is "SimVenture Classic".
Trevor Chan is a notable developer of business simulation games, having developed the 1995 game Capitalism which has been described as the "best business simulation game". A sequel was released entitled Capitalism II in 2001. An expanded version of Capitalism II, called Capitalism Lab, was released in 2012 and continues to be updated regularly with new features and improvements.
Active development of Internet technologies and the growth of the Internet audience in recent years gave a powerful impetus to the development of the industry of online games, and in particular, online business simulations. There are many varieties of online business simulations - browser-based and downloadable, single-player and multiplayer, real-time and turn-based. Some online simulations are aimed primarily at the leisure market while others have real world applications in training, education and modelling.
Real-world applications
Because business simulations simulate real-world systems, they are often used in management, marketing, economics and hospitality education. Some benefits of business simulations are that they permit students to experience and test themselves in situations before encountering them in real life, they permit students to experiment and test hypotheses, and that subjects seem more real to them than when taught passively from the blackboard. They are also used extensively in the professional world to train workers in the financial industries, hospitality and management, and to study economic models (an association of professionals, ABSEL, exists for the sole purpose of promoting their use), with some simulations having in excess of 10,000 variables. Economic simulations have even been used in experiments, such as those done by Donald Broadbent on learning and cognition that revealed how people often have an aptitude for mastering systems without necessarily comprehending the underlying principles. Other games are used to study the consumer behavior.
History
The Sumerian Game (1964), a text-based early mainframe game designed by Mabel Addis, based on the ancient Sumerian city-state of Lagash, was the first economic simulation game.
An early economic sim by Danielle Bunten Berry, M.U.L.E., released in 1983, foreshadowed events that would transpire later in video gaming history, especially in the massively multiplayer online game market, with regard to player cooperation and simulated economies. The game was Electronic Arts' most highly awarded game, despite selling only 30,000 copies. That same year, Epyx released the business sim Oil Barons.
See also
Business game
Serious game
Simulations and games in economics education
Training simulation
References
Video game genres | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business%20simulation%20game |
Amelia Josephine Burr (November 19, 1878 – June 15, 1968) was an American poet. Born in New York City, she was educated at and graduated from Hunter College (New York). She worked for the Red Cross in 1917–18. She married Reverend Carl H. Elmore of Englewood, New Jersey.
Career
She was described as a "popular lyricist, whose work yet flashes with genuine poetic feeling" and was reputed to have traveled widely. A contemporary source commented, "Her adventures in the Orient have colored her work, and with energy and charm she succeeded in getting to know much concerning the natives and their customs wherever she went. Much of her verse must, of course, be classed as balladry, and it is as a balladist that she has gained a wide audience, but, especially in her later work, there is much more than graceful appeal."
She made her "first considerable poetic appearance" in the pages of The Bellman.
Selected works
Poetical works
A Roadside Fire, 1913
Afterglow, a poem 1913
In Deep Places, 1914
Life and Living 1916
The Silver Trumpet 1918
Hearts Awake: The Pixy, A play, 1919
The above two volumes relate chiefly to World War I
A child garden in India, for very little people: Verses 1922
Little houses: A book of poems 1923
Selected lyrics 1927
Novels
A Dealer in Empire; A Romance 1915
The Three Fires: A Story of Ceylon 1922
References
Sources
The Bookman Anthology of Verse (1922)
External links
Works by Amelia Josephine Burr at Poetry Archive
Poem: Rain In The Night
1878 births
1968 deaths
20th-century American poets
American women poets
Hunter College alumni
20th-century American women writers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amelia%20Josephine%20Burr |
Kullervo Achilles Manner (, Russian Куллерво Густавович Маннер, Kullervo Gustavovich Manner; 12 October 1880 – 15 January 1939) was a Finnish politician and journalist, and later a Soviet politician. He was a member of the Finnish parliament, serving as its Speaker in 1917. He was also chairman of the Social Democratic Party of Finland between 1917 and 1918. During the Finnish Civil War, he led the Finnish People's Delegation, a leftist alternative to the established Finnish government. After the war, he escaped to the Soviet Union, where he co-founded the Finnish Communist Party. It is said if the Red Guards had won the Civil War, Manner might have risen to the position of the "Leader of the Red Finland".
Early life
Manner was born a minister's son in Kokemäki. His father Gustaf Manner worked in various parishes, including those of Lappi and Vampula. Kullervo's mother was Alma Limón, daughter of pastor Johannes Limón. After graduating from high school in 1900, Manner worked as a journalist in Porvoo and later in Helsinki. In 1906, he founded a newspaper called Työläinen () in Porvoo, of which he was the editor-in-chief until 1909; an article published in the newspaper in 1909 brought him the following year, already as a Member of Parliament, a six-month prison sentence for a lèse majesté (a lesser crime similar to treason) against Nicholas II in 1911. He was elected to the Finnish Parliament as a Social Democrat from Uusimaa in 1910 and 1917. He was appointed Speaker of the Parliament in 1917. Manner's brother was governor of Viipuri and Kymi provinces from the 1920s to the 1950s.
Manner married Olga Arjanne (Seger until 1906) on 26 October 1908, at the local register office of Porvoo. From 1906 they worked at the same time in the Työläinen'''s editorial office and lived in the house where the editorial office was located.
Civil War
On 28 January 1918, during the Finnish Civil War, Manner was appointed Chairman of the Finnish People's Delegation. On 10 April 1918, Manner was appointed commander-in-chief of the Red Guards as well as head of state of its short-lived government, The People's Deputation. He was given dictatorial powers. At the time, the Red Guards led by Manner ruled for several months in Helsinki and other southern cities, while the White Guards led by General Mannerheim and the Senate had control of northern Finland.
In the USSR
After the Civil War, Manner fled to Soviet Russia where he became the second chairman of the Finnish Communist Party after Yrjö Sirola. He also became an official of the Comintern. In the 1930s, Manner and his wife Hanna Malm fell out of favor with Otto Wille Kuusinen. Manner was dismissed from most of his duties in May 1934. He continued to work as a Comintern rapporteur on Latin American affairs until July 1935.
Imprisonment and death
In 1935, Manner was arrested and sentenced to ten years hard labor. Manner was taken to a Gulag labor camp in Ukhta-Pechora in Komi Republic, where he died on 15 January 1939. The official cause of death was tuberculosis. According to professor of history Alexander Popov, the real cause of death could be attributed to radiation sickness, which Manner could have received, since he worked with water containing radium.
Rehabilitation
Manner was rehabilitated in 1962.
Political and military offices
|-
|-
See also
Eero Haapalainen
Otto Wille Kuusinen
Red Finland
Sources
Veli-Pekka Leppänen: Herraspojan harharetki päättyi joukkohautaan Uralilla (in Finnish) – Helsingin Sanomat'', July 18, 2017. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
References
Works cited
1880 births
1939 deaths
20th-century deaths from tuberculosis
Comintern people
Communist Party of Finland politicians
Executive Committee of the Communist International
Finnish emigrants to the Soviet Union
Finnish journalists
Finnish People's Delegation members
Finnish people who died in prison custody
Finnish prisoners and detainees
Great Purge victims from Finland
Leaders of political parties
Leaders of the Social Democratic Party of Finland
Members of the Parliament of Finland (1910–1911)
Members of the Parliament of Finland (1911–1913)
Members of the Parliament of Finland (1913–1916)
Members of the Parliament of Finland (1916–1917)
Members of the Parliament of Finland (1917–1919)
People from Kokemäki
Politicians from Turku and Pori Province (Grand Duchy of Finland)
Prisoners and detainees of Russia
Prisoners who died in Soviet detention
Speakers of the Parliament of Finland
Soviet rehabilitations
Tuberculosis deaths in Russia
Tuberculosis deaths in the Soviet Union | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kullervo%20Manner |
"Cracked Actor" is a song by English musician David Bowie, released on his sixth studio album Aladdin Sane (1973). The track was also issued as a single in Eastern Europe by RCA Records in June that year. The song was written during Bowie's stay in Los Angeles during the American leg of the Ziggy Stardust Tour in October 1972. Co-produced by Bowie and Ken Scott, it was recorded in January 1973 at Trident Studios in London with his backing band the Spiders from Mars – comprising Mick Ronson, Trevor Bolder and Woody Woodmansey. A hard rock song primarily led by guitar, the song describes an aging Hollywood star's encounter with a prostitute, featuring many allusions to sex and drugs.
Bowie performed the song frequently. For his 1974 Diamond Dogs Tour, he performed it wearing sunglasses and holding a skull, which he would proceed to French kiss. His biographers have compared the routine to Hamlet. Performances from this tour have appeared on the live albums David Live (1974) and Cracked Actor (Live Los Angeles '74) (2017). Bowie revived the skull-and-sunglasses routine for the 1983 Serious Moonlight Tour, a performance of which appears in the concert video Serious Moonlight (1984). "Cracked Actor" provided the name for a 1975 documentary of the same name, directed by Alan Yentob. It is notable for showing Bowie's declining mental state during this period, due to his growing cocaine addiction.
Background and recording
With the release of his album The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars and his performance of "Starman" on the BBC television programme Top of the Pops in early July 1972, David Bowie was launched to stardom. To support the album, Bowie embarked on the Ziggy Stardust Tour in both the UK and the US. He composed most of the tracks for the follow-up record on the road during the US tour in late 1972. Because of this, many of the tracks were influenced by America, and his perceptions of the country.
In October 1972, Bowie and an entourage of 46 people (including Mike Garson's family and Iggy Pop) stayed at the Beverly Hills Hotel on Sunset Boulevard in Los Angeles for a week. The entourage spent time at clubs and the hotel pool, accumulating a $20,000 hotel bill by the time they departed. "Cracked Actor" was written during this stay. It was primarily inspired by the numerous barely-teenage prostitutes and drugs that Bowie witnessed on Sunset Boulevard. According to author Peter Doggett, the song encompassed "three layers of prostitution" on the Boulevard: "offering money for sex; sex for drugs; worship for fame." Regarding the Boulevard's clients, Bowie recalled: "They were mostly older producer types, quite strange looking, quite charming, but thoroughly unreal."
"Cracked Actor" was recorded at Trident Studios in London in January 1973, following the conclusion of the American tour and a series of Christmas concerts in England and Scotland. Like the rest of its parent album, the song was co-produced by Bowie and Ken Scott and featured Bowie's backing band the Spiders from Mars – comprising guitarist Mick Ronson, bassist Trevor Bolder and drummer Woody Woodmansey.
Music and lyrics
"Cracked Actor" has been described as hard rock and glam rock. The verses are in both A major and A minor, while the choruses are in G major. The track is primarily led by Ronson on guitar, who plays with loads of feedback; his performance is described by Pegg as "dirty blues".
Lyrically, "Cracked Actor" is about an aging Hollywood star in an encounter with a prostitute, the chorus including various allusions to sex and drugs:
Crack, baby, crack, show me you're real
Smack, baby, smack, is that all that you feel
Suck, baby, suck, give me your head
Before you start professing that you're knocking me dead
Rolling Stone suggested that Bowie's goal was "to strip the subject of his validity, as he has done with the rocker, as a step towards a re-definition of these roles and his own inhabiting of them". However NME writers Roy Carr and Charles Shaar Murray considered that the song "reveals little else except that Bowie's capabilities with a mouth-harp are decidedly limited". Some commentators have noted the Velvet Underground's Lou Reed as an influence, with biographer Paul Trynka highlighting the line "since he pinned you baby" as a "straight lift" from Reed.
Release and aftermath
"Cracked Actor" was released on 20 April 1973 on Bowie's sixth studio album Aladdin Sane, sequenced as the fifth track—the final on side one of the original LP—between "Panic in Detroit" and "Time". Each track was ascribed a location on the album label to indicate where it was written or took its inspiration; "Cracked Actor" was ascribed to Los Angeles, California. Following its release on Aladdin Sane, "Cracked Actor" was issued as Bowie's first single for the Russian market, backed with "John, I'm Only Dancing". The timing was supposedly to cash in on publicity emanating from his trip through Eastern Europe on the Trans-Siberian Railway in April–May 1973, shortly before his final Ziggy Stardust tour in the UK.
"Cracked Actor" was performed live throughout the 1973 tour. A recording from the performance at the Hammersmith Odeon, London, on 3 July 1973 was released on Ziggy Stardust: The Motion Picture. For Bowie's 1974 Diamond Dogs Tour, he would performed the song wearing sunglasses and holding a skull (à la Hamlet), which he would then proceed to French kiss. Biographer Nicholas Pegg has given praise to the routine, stating: "not only did the Yorick affectation provide instant shorthand for everything actorish, but it reinforced the song's terror of ephemerality with Hamlet's own: 'let her paint an inch thick, to this favour she must come.'" Performances from this tour were released on David Live (1974) and Cracked Actor (Live Los Angeles '74) (2017), as well as the 1989 box set Sound + Vision.
In 1983, Bowie revived the song and the sunglasses-and-skull routine for his Serious Moonlight Tour. Biographer Chris O'Leary found these performances to be subpar, finding "he came off as an animatronic Disneyland exhibit." A performance recorded on 12 September 1983 was included on the live album Serious Moonlight (Live '83), which was part of the 2018 box set Loving the Alien (1983–1988) and was released separately the following year. The filmed performance appears on the concert video Serious Moonlight (1984). The song was performed live at the BBC Radio Theatre, Portland Place, London on 27 June 2000. This recording appeared on the limited edition bonus disk of Bowie at the Beeb.
"Cracked Actor" provided its name to a documentary chronicling Bowie's life in Los Angeles, using a mixture of sequences filmed in limousines, hotels and concert footage, most of which was taken from a show there at Universal Amphitheatre on 2 September 1974. Directed by Alan Yentob and broadcast in the UK on 26 January 1975, the documentary is notable for showing Bowie's declining mental state during this period because of his growing cocaine addiction. Although Cracked Actor has never received an official release, Pegg calls it "arguably the finest documentary made about David Bowie".
Personnel
According to Kevin Cann and Chris O'Leary:
David Bowie – lead vocal, harmonica
Mick Ronson – lead and rhythm guitar, backing vocals
Trevor Bolder – bass guitar
Woody Woodmansey – drums, tambourine
Production
David Bowie – producer
Ken Scott – producer, engineer
Notes
References
Sources
David Bowie songs
1973 songs
Songs written by David Bowie
Songs about actors
Songs about drugs
Songs about prostitutes
Song recordings produced by Ken Scott
Song recordings produced by David Bowie | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cracked%20Actor%20%28song%29 |
Gary Tibbs (born Gary Brian Tibbs, 25 January 1958) is a bass guitarist and actor. He is best known as a member of Adam and the Ants and for his work with Roxy Music. He appeared alongside Hazel O'Connor in the film Breaking Glass (1980) as bass guitarist Dave.
Tibbs was born in Northwood, London. He was a member of Adam and the Ants, and is mentioned by name in the lyrics of the band's UK top ten hit "Ant Rap". At various times he was a member of Zu Zu Sharks, Code Blue, The Believers, The Vibrators and The Fixx. He first played on The Fixx's 2003 album, Want That Life. Tibbs also worked with Roxy Music extensively from 1978 to 1981, toured with Little Steven & The Disciples of Soul in 1984 and played on selected tracks on Brian May's 1993 solo album Back to the Light.
He also formed a band called Merrick and Tibbs with Chris Hughes (a.k.a. Merrick), just after leaving Adam & the Ants. They released a single in 1982 entitled "Call of the Wild". In the early 1990s, Tibbs formed The Believers with drummer Manny Elias and guitarist Andy Skelton; they released one album in 1992, entitled "Extraordinary Life". The album was produced by Greg Ladanyi, and featured C. J. Vanston on keyboards and organ.
In February 2008, Tibbs left The Fixx upon the return of the band's previous bassist, Dan K. Brown.
References
External links
1958 births
People educated at Haydon School
Living people
English rock bass guitarists
Male bass guitarists
English male film actors
English new wave musicians
Adam and the Ants members
People from Northwood, London
The Fixx members
Roxy Music members
The Vibrators members | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gary%20Tibbs |
Barry Cole (Born 13th November 1936) was a poet and novelist from Woking, Surrey.
Biography
Cole was born in Woking, Surrey and was educated at Balham Secondary School in London. He did military service in the Royal Air Force from 1955 to 1957. His subsequent career included 1958 employment with Reuters news agency in London, working as a reporter (1965–70), as a senior editor (1974–94) at the Central Office of Information, London. He was Northern Arts Fellow at the University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Durham University (1970–72). He published several collections of poems and four novels. His 1968 poetry collection, Moonsearch, was a Poetry Book Society recommendation. In 2015, Shoestring Press published a festschrift celebrating his life, edited by John Lucas. This included poems, a story, photographs, essays and Cole's final, innovative sequence of 13 poems, Broken Sonnets, which are marked by the use of ellipses to suggest gaps of memory or words that are too painful to be given expression.
In 1959, he married Rita Linihan and they had three daughters, Celia, Rebecca, and Jessica. He was a close friend of the writer Bryan Johnson, whose 1973 suicide had a traumatic effect on Cole.
Bibliography
Poetry
Blood Ties (Turret Books, 1967)
Moonsearch (1968)
Ulysses in the Town of Coloured Glass (London, Turret, 1968)
The Visitors (1970)
Vanessa in the City (Trigram Press, 1971)
Pathetic Fallacies (London, Eyre Methuen, 1973)
The Rehousing of Scaffardi (Richmond, Surrey: Keepsake Press, 1976)
Dedications (Byron Press: 1977)
Inside Outside: New and Selected Poems (Shoestring Press, 1997, )
Ghosts Are People Too (Shoestring Press, 2003)
Broken Sonnets (privately printed 'eyelet' chap book, 2008)
Novels
A Run Across the Island (1968)
Joseph Winter's Patronage (1969)
In Search of Rita (Methuen, 1970)
The Giver (Methuen, 1971)
References
External links
John Lucas, "Other lives: Barry Cole obituary", The Guardian, 15 July 2014.
People from Balham
1936 births
2014 deaths
English male poets
20th-century English poets
20th-century English male writers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry%20Cole |
The 1999 AFL draft consisted of a pre-season draft, a national draft, a trade period, a rookie draft and rookie elevation. The AFL draft is the annual draft of talented players by australian rules football teams that participate in the main competition of that sport, the Australian Football League.
In 1999 there were 93 picks to be drafted between 16 teams in the national draft. The Collingwood Magpies received the first pick in the national draft after finishing on the bottom of the ladder during the 1999 AFL season.
Trades
In addition to the trades, Melbourne's first round draft pick (No. 5) was given to , as part of penalties levied against Melbourne for breaches of the salary cap related to its recruitment of Jeff White from Fremantle two years earlier. Melbourne was also fined $600,000 and stripped of draft picks in the 2000 AFL draft.
1999 national draft
2000 pre-season draft
2000 rookie draft
Rookie elevation
In alphabetical order of professional clubs. This list details 1999-listed rookies who were elevated to the senior list; it does not list players taken as rookies in the rookie draft which occurred during the 1999/2000 off-season.
See also
Official AFL Draft page
References
AFL Draft
Australian Football League draft | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1999%20AFL%20draft |
Liu Chaoying (劉超英), or Helen Liu, was an executive at China Aerospace International Holdings which is the Hong Kong subsidiary of China's premier satellite developer, China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (中國航天科技集團公司). She was a Lt. Col. in the People's Liberation Army (PLA) of China. Liu is the daughter of former PLA General Liu Huaqing, and her elder brother, Liu Zhuoming, is a vice admiral of China's People's Liberation Army Navy. She was a major figure in the 1996 United States campaign finance controversy.
According to The Washington Post, Johnny Chung met Liu in June 1996 through mutual business contacts in Hong Kong. Liu was looking for a foothold in Western markets. When she visited the U.S. in July 1996, Chung introduced her to Bill Clinton at a Los Angeles fund raiser. She and Chung also paid a call on the Securities and Exchange Commission in Washington, a meeting arranged by Massachusetts Senator John Kerry, another recipient of Chung's illegal contributions. On the agenda: the procedure for getting a foreign firm listed on American stock exchanges. On August 9, 1996, Liu and Chung formed Marswell Investment, a Los Angeles corporation that issued 50,000 shares of stock—30,000 for Liu, 20,000 for Chung. And within days, Liu wired $300,000 into Chung's account at a Hong Kong bank, a source familiar with the case told Time. Most of it was for their new business venture; some went to the D.N.C. Between 1994 and 1996, Chung donated $366,000 to the Democratic National Committee. Eventually, all of the money was returned. Chung told federal investigators that $35,000 of the money he donated came from China's military intelligence.
The relationship between Liu and Chung became increasingly apparent to officials within the intelligence community, and specifically with regards to U.S. National Security Council (NSC) aide Robert Suettinger, when Chung befriended former Lt. Col. Liu Chaoying during a Commerce Department trade mission to China.
Johnny Chung later testified under oath to the U.S. House Committee in May 1999 that he was introduced to Chinese general Ji Shengde, then head of China's military intelligence, by Liu Chaoying. Chung said that Ji told him: "We like your president very much. We would like to see him reelect . I will give you 300,000 U.S. dollars. You can give it to the president and the Democrat Party." Both Liu and the Chinese government denied the claims.
Liu Chaoying was involved in other controversies. Ren Min Bao (人民報) reported that "Liu Chaoying, together with a business partner, were litigated by The Kwangtung Provincial Bank in January 2001, which filed civil proceedings in the Hong Kong High Court, alleging that Liu Chaoying and another unnamed businesswoman were the principals involved in a defaulted HK $10 million loan, as loan guarantor, and it ruled that the two are the responsible parties for the loan's repayment."
Personal life
Liu Chaoying was formerly married to Pan Yue.
References
Living people
China–United States relations
20th-century Chinese businesswomen
20th-century Chinese businesspeople
21st-century Chinese businesswomen
21st-century Chinese businesspeople
National University of Defense Technology alumni
Year of birth missing (living people) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liu%20Chaoying |
Cnemis or Knemis (; ) was either a range of mountains between the Cephissus Valley and the Gulf of Euboea combined with the Malian Gulf, or was a single mountain located in the northwest of that range. The valley formed the heartland of Phocis, where the river originated, before entering Boeotia north of Orchomenos. The uncertainty of what terrain was meant by "Cnemis" derives from the varying accounts of the many sources.
The narrower meaning is based on the home territory of the Epicnemidian Locrians, who received their distinguishing name from this mountain, on the northern slopes of which they made their homes. Mount Cnemis was a continuation of Callidromus, with which it was connected by a ridge, at the foot of which is the modern village of Mendenitsa. Callidromus is the mountain that overhangs Thermopylae. It is usually not counted as part of Cnemis, which is the next mountain east.
The account of Cnemis in Smith, based on some of the ancient sources, seems to pinpoint the location of the populated mountain. A spur of this mountain, Smith says, running out into the sea, formed the promontory Cape Cnemides (Κνημῖδες), opposite the islands called Lichades and the Euboean promontory Cenaeum. Upon Cape Cnemides stood a fortress, also called Cnemides (or Cnemis), distant 20 stadia from Thronium.
Attribution
References
External links
Mountains of Greece
Mountains of Central Greece
Geography of ancient Phocis
Epicnemidian Locris | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cnemis |
John Anthony Connor (born 1930) is an English poet and playwright.
Biography
Tony Connor was born in Manchester, England. After leaving school at 14, he served in the British Army as a tank gunner, and worked as a textile designer between 1944 and 1960, and in radio and television in Manchester in the 1960s. He was a founder member of The Peterloo Group. He earned an MA at the University of Manchester in 1967 and in 1968 visiting writer at Amherst College in Massachusetts.
In 1961, he married the speech therapist, Frances Foad. They had three children: two sons, Samuel and Simon, and a daughter Rebecca. They divorced in 1979.
From 1971 until he retired in 1999 Connor was professor of English at Wesleyan University in Middletown, Connecticut.
He lives in Middletown and London. He was a close friend of the English writer J. G. Ballard and remains close friends with Michael de Larrabeiti. One section of Connor's 2006 anthology Things Unsaid is dedicated to de Larrabeiti; de Larrabeiti's 1992 book Journal of a Sad Hermaphrodite is dedicated to Connor, and includes one of his poems.
Connor has published nine volumes of poetry. His work is anthologized in British Poetry since 1945. He has been a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature since 1974.
Bibliography
With Love Somehow (1962)
Lodgers (1965)
Kon in Springtime (1968)
In the Happy Valley (1971)
The Memoirs of Uncle Harry (1974)
New and Selected Poems (Connor) (1982)
Spirits of the Place (1986)
Metamorphic Adventures (1996)
Things Unsaid: Selected Poems 1960-2005 (Anvil Press Poetry, 2006)
The Empty Air (Anvil Press Poetry, 2013)
A Century of Childhoods (Kin Press, 2022)
References
External links
John Anthony (Tony) Connor fonds at University of Victoria, Special Collections
Tony Connor at Academy of American Poets.
1930 births
Living people
Wesleyan University faculty
Fellows of the Royal Society of Literature
English male poets | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony%20Connor |
Sergi Pedrerol Cavallé (born 16 December 1969 in Molins de Rei, Catalonia) is a former water polo player from Spain, who was a member of the national team that won the golden medal at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia.
Four years earlier, when Barcelona hosted the Summer Olympics, he was on the squad that captured the silver medal. Pedrerol competed in four Summer Olympics, starting in 1992. With the Spanish National Team he also won the world title twice, in Perth 1998 and Fukuoka 2001.
See also
Spain men's Olympic water polo team records and statistics
List of Olympic champions in men's water polo
List of Olympic medalists in water polo (men)
List of players who have appeared in multiple men's Olympic water polo tournaments
List of world champions in men's water polo
List of World Aquatics Championships medalists in water polo
References
External links
1969 births
Living people
People from Molins de Rei
Sportspeople from the Province of Barcelona
Water polo players from Catalonia
Spanish male water polo players
Water polo drivers
Left-handed water polo players
Water polo players at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for Spain in water polo
Olympic silver medalists for Spain in water polo
World Aquatics Championships medalists in water polo
Sportsmen from Catalonia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sergi%20Pedrerol |
Paul Evans (1945 – 1991) was a Welsh poet associated with the British Poetry Revival. He is included in the anthology British Poetry since 1945 and the 1969 anthology Children of Albion: Poetry of the Underground in Britain.
His work has been described as similar to that of Lee Harwood, with a dreamy tone and surrealist images. His poems have no definite meaning, but alter each time they are read.
Publications
February, 1970
Prokofiev's Concerto, 1975
The Manual for the Perfect Organisation of Tourneys, (Oasis Books, London, 1979) The Sofa Book'', 1987.
Footnotes
1945 births
Living people
English male poets | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul%20Evans%20%28poet%29 |
Maria Hsia is a political figure who was convicted in early 2001, by a Federal District Court. She was found guilty of laundering donations to the Democratic National Committee by the Hsi Lai Buddhist Temple in Hacienda Heights, California, during the 1996 U.S. presidential election. The judge, Paul Friedman, denied a request from the U.S. Department of Justice that Ms. Hsia should serve prison time, and instead sentenced her to 90 days' home detention, probation, a fine, and community service.
Born in Taiwan, Hsia came to the United States as a student in 1973 and received a permanent resident visa in 1975. Originally, she worked for immigration law firms in Los Angeles. In 1982, Hsia began fund-raising for political candidates in state and local races. In 1988, her work for then California Lt. Gov. Leo McCarthy's Senate campaign introduced Hsia to national politics. She eventually became a fundraiser for the Democratic National Committee.
See also
Gandhi Memorial International Foundation
References
External links
Suro, Roberto, "Gore's Ties to Hsia Cast Shadow on 2000 Race", Washington Post, February 23, 1998
Eskenazi, Michael, "For both Gore and GOP, a guilty verdict to watch", CNN.com, March 3, 2000
Senate Governmental Affairs Committee's Majority Report Executive Summary, Washington Post, March 8, 1998
Date of birth missing (living people)
Living people
1996 United States presidential election
People convicted of money laundering
Taiwanese emigrants to the United States
Year of birth missing (living people) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria%20Hsia |
Ted Sioeng (pronounced 'shyong') (), also known as Xiong Delong and Sioeng San Wong, is an Indonesian businessman with interests in the United States, China, Vietnam and other parts of Asia, worth around US$500 million.
Background
Sioeng grew up in Indonesia. Raised in an ethnically Chinese family, he has a strong affinity for China, which is now the focus of his business interests, while he also admires the United States - he and his family have been based in Los Angeles since 1987.
Business interests
While in his 20s, Sioeng became successful selling foam rubber padding. In the 1970s, he was quick to recognize that money could be made in emerging China and he built a multimillion-dollar fortune selling the Chinese used factory equipment – such as for cigarette- and toy-manufacturing and in the medical field – and exporting Chinese cigarettes to the West. In China, he goes by the name Xiong Delong.
He quickly saw that by donating money to good causes, such as to build schools, hospitals, and roads, he could gain favour with local governments. In Yunnan, this approach gained him a license to sell the popular Hongtashan brand of cigarettes – called 'Red Pagoda Mountain' in the U.S. – outside of China. He now runs the business as a (dollar-based) joint venture.
He is owner of the Chinese-language International Daily News, published in the United States and Indonesia.
U.S. campaign finance controversy
Sioeng was a major figure in the 1996 United States campaign finance controversy, notably sitting next to Bill Clinton and Al Gore at fundraising events after having donated to the Democratic Party funds allegedly linked to China. In 1997 the U.S. Congress was informed by the U.S. attorney general, and the directors of the CIA, FBI, and NSA that they had credible intelligence information indicating Sioeng was an agent of China.
According to an unclassified final draft of a report by the US Senate committee then investigating campaign finance abuses, half of the $400,000 given to the Democrats by Sioeng and his family was "funded by transfer from overseas accounts," suggesting that the money came from the Chinese government.
Family and personal life
Sioeng, who is ethnically an Dutch-Indo descent, began his life in an orphanage. He was then brought up (in Indonesia) by an Indonesian Chinese couple, which led to his interests in China.
He is married with five children, including his eldest, daughter Jessica Elnitiarta, who heads the family interests in California and was also involved in the Clinton controversy, having donated $300,000, some of which was alleged to have been Chinese government money.
Mr. Ted Sioeng holds a Singapore passport but his wife and children are permanent U.S. residents. He is able to speak good English.
References
Year of birth missing (living people)
Indonesian people of Chinese descent
Living people
Businesspeople from Jakarta
Indonesian businesspeople
Place of birth missing (living people) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted%20Sioeng |
Randa is a municipality in the district of Visp in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. It is located between the Weisshorn and the Dom in the Matter Valley. The village is accessible by road and rail, and it has a campsite which offers a taxi service to Zermatt, a car-free town. The Glacier Express train line also connects Randa to Zermatt.
History
Randa is first mentioned in 1305 as Randa.
In 1819, the village was almost totally destroyed by the blast from a huge avalanche that fell nearby.
In 1991, a portion of the village was flooded following a large rockslide from a cliff above the town.
Randa is a two-hour hike from the Charles Kuonen Suspension Bridge, the world's longest simple suspension bridge for pedestrians. It was opened in 2017 as part of the Europaweg, the scenic hiking route between Grächen and Zermatt.
Geography
Randa has an area, , of . Of this area, 8.0% is used for agricultural purposes, while 9.9% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.6% is settled (buildings or roads) and 81.5% is unproductive land.
The municipality is located in the Visp district, in the Matter valley. It consists of the village of Randa and the hamlets of Lerch, Wildi and Attermänze.
Coat of arms
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Divided by a Bend Argent, Gules a Mullet [of Six] of the First and Vert an Edelweiss proper slipped.
Demographics
Randa has a population () of . , 22.7% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (2000–2010 ) the population has changed at a rate of -9.7%. It has changed at a rate of -3.5% due to migration and at a rate of -2.8% due to births and deaths.
Most of the population () speaks German (320 or 79.2%) as their first language, Albanian is the second most common (55 or 13.6%) and Serbo-Croatian is the third (17 or 4.2%). There is 1 person who speaks French, 1 person who speaks Italian.
, the population was 46.7% male and 53.3% female. The population was made up of 133 Swiss men (33.9% of the population) and 50 (12.8%) non-Swiss men. There were 160 Swiss women (40.8%) and 49 (12.5%) non-Swiss women. Of the population in the municipality, 240 or about 59.4% were born in Randa and lived there in 2000. There were 51 or 12.6% who were born in the same canton, while 26 or 6.4% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 84 or 20.8% were born outside of Switzerland.
, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 27.7% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 59.7% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 12.6%.
, there were 195 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 188 married individuals, 16 widows or widowers and 5 individuals who are divorced.
, there were 146 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.8 persons per household. There were 40 households that consist of only one person and 22 households with five or more people. , a total of 145 apartments (43.0% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 151 apartments (44.8%) were seasonally occupied and 41 apartments (12.2%) were empty. The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0.29%.
The historical population is given in the following chart:
Politics
In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the CVP which received 72.09% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SP (12.69%), the SVP (11.9%) and the Green Party (1.66%). In the federal election, a total of 166 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 59.3%.
In the 2009 Conseil d'État/Staatsrat election a total of 147 votes were cast, of which 14 or about 9.5% were invalid. The voter participation was 54.2%, which is similar to the cantonal average of 54.67%. In the 2007 Swiss Council of States election a total of 164 votes were cast, of which 6 or about 3.7% were invalid. The voter participation was 59.6%, which is similar to the cantonal average of 59.88%.
Economy
, Randa had an unemployment rate of 3.1%. , there were 32 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 11 businesses involved in this sector. 46 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 6 businesses in this sector. 35 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 11 businesses in this sector. There were 188 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 41.0% of the workforce.
the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 86. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 13, of which 6 were in agriculture and 7 were in forestry or lumber production. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 46 of which 9 or (19.6%) were in manufacturing and 37 (80.4%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 27. In the tertiary sector; 1 was in the sale or repair of motor vehicles, 2 or 7.4% were in the movement and storage of goods, 12 or 44.4% were in a hotel or restaurant, 1 was the insurance or financial industry, 2 or 7.4% were technical professionals or scientists, 5 or 18.5% were in education.
, there were 19 workers who commuted into the municipality and 138 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 7.3 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 46.3% used public transportation to get to work, and 35.6% used a private car.
Religion
From the , 328 or 81.2% were Roman Catholic, while 11 or 2.7% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there were 4 members of an Orthodox church (or about 0.99% of the population). There were 55 (or about 13.61% of the population) who were Islamic. 1 (or about 0.25% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 5 individuals (or about 1.24% of the population) did not answer the question.
Education
In Randa about 178 or (44.1%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 13 or (3.2%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 13 who completed tertiary schooling, 76.9% were Swiss men, 15.4% were Swiss women.
, there was one student in Randa who came from another municipality, while 28 residents attended schools outside the municipality.
References
External links
Official website | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Randa%2C%20Switzerland |
Karen Gershon, born Kaethe Loewenthal (29 August 1923 – 24 March 1993) was a German-born British writer and poet. She escaped to Britain in December 1938.
Her book We came as Children: A Collective Autobiography uses a number of testimonies of kindertransport to construct a single account.
One of her best-known poems, I was not there, describes her feelings of guilt at not being there when her parents were murdered by the Nazis.
Works
Poetry
The Relentless Year New Poets 1959, Eyre & Spottiswoode 1960
Selected Poems Gollancz 1966 (published in the United States by Harcourt Brace & World in 1967)
Legacies and Encounters Gollancz 1972
My Daughters, My Sisters Gollancz 1975
Coming Back from Babylon Gollancz 1979
Collected Poems Macmillan, Papermac 1990
Grace Notes (with drawings by Stella Tripp), Happy Dragons Press, 2002
Non-Fiction
We came as children () London, Gollancz 1966, republished Macmillan, Papermac 1989 (published in the US by Harcourt Brace & World in 1967 and in Germany by Alibaba Verlag in 1988)
Postscript: A Collective Account of the Lives of Jews in West Germany Since the Second World War Gollancz 1969
Fiction
Burn Helen Harvester Press 1980
The Bread of Exile Gollancz 1985
The Fifth Generation () Gollancz 1987 (published in Germany Alibaba Verlag 1988)
Other
A Tempered Wind (Autobiography, Vol.2, 1938–1943) Northwestern University Press 2009
A Lesser Child () (Autobiography, Vol.1) Peter Owen 1993 (published in Germany Rowohlt 1992)
Only Meant to Comfort () Karin Fischer, Edition Roter Stein 2000 (in Germany)
Sources
Peter Lawson (2006): Anglo-Jewish Poetry from Isaac Rosenberg to Elaine Feinstein. Pub. Vallentine Mitchell.
J. M. Ritchie, German-speaking Exiles in Great Britain, Rodopi, Amsterdam, 2001, .
Literary estate of Karen Gershon (see External Links).
References
External links
Shmuel Huppert, Biography of Karen Gershon, Jewish Women's Archive
Meinolf Schumacher, Bielefelder Literatur-Splitter (12): "Wilhelm Harms' House" (Karen Gershon)
Website of Stella Tripp, daughter of Karen Gershon, executor of literary estate of Karen Gershon
Website of Naomi Shmuel, daughter of Karen Gershon, site contains further information about Karen Gershon
Poems by Karen Gershon, 16 poems read by the author (with text)
1923 births
1993 deaths
British women poets
Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to the United Kingdom
Jewish poets
British Jewish writers
Kindertransport refugees
20th-century British women writers
20th-century British poets
Jewish women writers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karen%20Gershon |
The Chola–Chalukya Wars were a series of battles that were fought from 992 CE to 1120 CE between the Chola Empire and the Western Chalukya Empire in what is now South India. Most of these conflicts were initiated by the Western Chalukyas who were defeated by the Cholas and forced to return to their capital. These recurring conflicts eventually exhausted as both empire, straining their manpower and material, were left vulnerable to other enemies.
More than 1,000,000 people were killed due to direct or indirect consequences of the war. The battles were rages on two fronts: the Western Front in which the capture of Manyakheta and Kalyani were the objectives of the Cholas, and the Eastern Front which centered around Vengi which was strategic for both sides. The west saw the heaviest fighting with Rajendra Chola I leading an army of 900,000 and defeating Jayasimha II at the Battle of Maski (1019 CE-1020 CE). On the Eastern Front, Rajendra Chola led Rajaraja Chola I's army in Vengi and expelled the rulers in battle. Vengi was later the site of the coronation of Rajendra Chola's nephew following his victories in the Chola expedition to North India.
Chola conquests in the Chalukyan kingdom
All the Chola–Chalukya battles took place in Southern (early battles) and Central (later battles) Chalukyan country and a few in Vengi which the Cholas dominated until the rise of Ganapati Deva of Kakatiya dynasty.
References
"Tennaattu Porkalangal" by Ka. Appaturaiyaar
"VeeraSozhiyam"
"Kalingattu Parani" by Jayankondaar
our Karnataka
Chalukya wiki-Chalukya
Indian inscriptions, Archaeological Society of India
"Prabandha-Chintamani" of Merutunga
Vijnanesvara's " Mitakshara"
Kirthi Verma's "Govaidya "
"Ajitapurana and Sahasabhimavijaya" of Ranna
Bilhana's "Vikramankadeva Charitha"
Chola Empire
History of Karnataka
Western Chalukya Empire
Battles involving the Chola Empire | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chalukya%E2%80%93Chola%20wars |
The , formerly known as Monbusho Scholarship that supports foreign students, is an academic scholarship offered by the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Monbu-kagaku-shō, or MEXT), and selected on the recommendation of the Japanese Embassy/Consulate General, University, or Authority.
Over 65,000 students from approximately 160 countries and regions around the world have studied in Japan under this Scholarship program which was established in 1954.
Scholarship types
There are seven types of Japanese government-sponsored scholarships available under the Japanese Government Scholarship program: those for research students, teacher training students, undergraduate university students, Japanese studies students, college of technology students, special training students and YLP students.
Recommendations
Every year a large number of students are enrolled by embassy recommendation. Each half of the contingent undergoes a 1-year preparatory program at either Osaka University or Tokyo University of Foreign Studies before entering a 4-year undergraduate program at one of 87 Japanese national universities.
References
External links
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) Japan
The Monbusho (Monbukagakusho) Scholars Homepage
Engineering Scholarships in the UK
Monbukagakusho Scholarships News
Education in Japan
Scholarships
Government scholarships | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monbukagakusho%20Scholarship |
The Tennessee Department of Tourist Development (TDTD) is a Cabinet-level agency within the Tennessee state government, headed by the Tennessee Commissioner of Tourist Development, who is currently Mark Ezell. The Department is responsible for attracting tourism to Tennessee and marketing to residents both in the United States and internationally. Annually, $100,000, or however much is necessary of that amount, is appropriated from the general fund of the state when not otherwise appropriated for carrying out the Department's duties.
When the Department was first created in 1976, it was divided into the tourism division and the hotel and restaurant division. Divisions may be abolished or added by the Commissioner with governor approval, and the Commissioner can also transfer to the tourism division any employees of the department. The Commissioner appoints a director of the tourist division, who is required by statute to be a competent person, properly informed on public contracts, publicity, tourism, and tourist promotion, and having executive ability. The tourist division is also responsible for managing seventeen welcome centers across Tennessee's interstate highways, from which tourists may make hotel and campground reservations.
Welcome Centers
There are sixteen welcome centers across Tennessee, mostly located at major entrances into the state, such as immediately off interstates and major highways (14 off interstates and 3 off U.S. Routes). These welcome centers usually consist of a large building with restroom facilities, brochures, staffed desks for people to ask for assistance, picnic areas, and large parking lots. In addition to the aforementioned, there is a large flagpole with the state flag in front of the building. All of the below listed welcome centers are open 24 hours a day, except for the I-40 welcome center, which closes at 10:30 PM CST. The headquarters for the state's welcome centers is called Welcome Centers and is located in Nashville. More information can be found at. There are 3 welcome centers each on I-24 and I-40, 2 welcome centers each on I-75 and I-65, and one welcome center each on I-155, I-81, and I-55. There are two unique welcome centers located in Mountain City and Pigeon Forge, respectively. The Mountain City welcome center serves the Johnson County Chamber of Commerce and the Pigeon Forge location serves the world-famous Pigeon Forge tourist district.
References
External links
The Tennessee Department of Tourist Development website
LexisNexis's archive of Tennessee Code, Title 4
Tourist Development | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tennessee%20Department%20of%20Tourist%20Development |
Salvador E. Gómez Agüero (born 11 March 1968 in Santander, Cantabria) is a former water polo player from Spain. He was a member of the national team that won the gold medal at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia.
Four years earlier, when Barcelona hosted the Summer Olympics, he was on the squad that captured the silver medal. Gómez, nicknamed Chava, competed in five Summer Olympics from 1988 to 2004. He is among four Spanish water polo players, all in the 1992 and 1996 medal winning teams, to have competed at five Olympics – the others are Manuel Estiarte, Chiqui Sans and Jesús Rollán.
He made his debut for the national side at the 1987 European Championships in Strasbourg. With the Spanish national team he also won the world title twice, in Perth 1998 and Fukuoka 2001.
See also
Spain men's Olympic water polo team records and statistics
List of athletes with the most appearances at Olympic Games
List of players who have appeared in multiple men's Olympic water polo tournaments
List of Olympic champions in men's water polo
List of Olympic medalists in water polo (men)
List of men's Olympic water polo tournament top goalscorers
List of world champions in men's water polo
List of World Aquatics Championships medalists in water polo
References
Profile on Athens 2004-website
External links
1968 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Santander, Spain
Spanish male water polo players
Water polo centre backs
Water polo players at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for Spain in water polo
Olympic silver medalists for Spain in water polo
World Aquatics Championships medalists in water polo
20th-century Spanish people | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador%20G%C3%B3mez%20%28water%20polo%29 |
AECI Limited () is a South African chemicals group and is listed on the JSE Securities Exchange.
History
The company was registered as African Explosives and Industries (AE&I) in 1924, with its headquarters in Johannesburg. It was formed as the result of a merger between the South African interests of Nobel Industries of the United Kingdom and the manufacturing arm of De Beers Consolidated Diamond Mines of Kimberley. The company's primary purpose was to provide blasting explosives and detonators to South African gold and diamond mines but AE&I was also the only South African producer of phosphatic fertilizer. In 1944 the company was renamed as African Explosives and Chemical Industries (AECI). The company was listed on the JSE in 1966.
The AECI Group operates various sectors including Mining solutions (explosives and initiating systems), Specialty fibres, Specialty chemicals and Real Estate market segments.
AECI's principal manufacturing sites are located in Johannesburg (mining solutions and specialty chemicals), Sasolburg (specialty chemicals), Durban (specialty chemicals) in South Africa.
AECI is a specialty product and services group of companies which claims to provide "value-adding solutions to customers through science, technology and industry knowledge". The focus is on serving the mining and manufacturing sectors. The Dulux decorative coatings business was disposed of in 2007 and the unprofitable segments of the SANS Fibres business were closed.
Construction is in progress on five projects related mainly to the mining sector, with capital expenditure of about R1.1 billion in total over the next two years.
AECI's core businesses serve both global and regional markets.
Both African Explosives and Chemical Services have expanded their presence throughout sub-Saharan Africa. The DetNet joint venture designs, produces and sells electronic detonators. In specialty chemicals a presence has been established in Brazil.
The realisation of land and the utilisation of built assets that have become surplus to AECI's requirements are managed in the property portfolio, led by Heartland Properties. These activities offer land holdings near Johannesburg and Cape Town for commercial, residential and industrial development and leasing purposes. By the end of 2007, 14.5 square kilometres of the 37.7 square kilometres of excess land available had been sold.
At the end of 2007, AECI had 6000 employees, many of whom are engaged in the Group's sales, technical service and distribution networks.
Company structure
The AECI group of companies consists of:
African Explosives Limited
Improchem (Pty) Limited
Chemical Initiatives (Pty) Limited
DetNet (Pty) Limited
Acacia
SANS Fibres (Pty) Limited
See also
List of companies traded on the JSE
List of companies of South Africa
Economy of South Africa
References
External links
AECI Annual Report 2011
AECI website
DetNet website
Companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange
Manufacturing companies based in Johannesburg | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AECI |
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