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Murphy, first published in 1938, is an avant-garde novel as well as the third work of prose fiction by the Irish author and dramatist Samuel Beckett. The book was Beckett's second published prose work after the short-story collection More Pricks than Kicks (published in 1934) and his unpublished first novel Dream of Fair to Middling Women (published posthumously in 1992). It was written in English, rather than the French of much of Beckett's later writing. After many rejections, it was published by Routledge on the recommendation of Beckett's painter friend Jack Butler Yeats.
The University of Reading bought the six notebooks which made up the manuscript for Murphy in July 2013.
Plot summary
The plot of Murphy follows an eponymous "seedy solipsist" who lives in a soon-to-be-condemned apartment in West Brompton. The novel opens with the protagonist having tied himself naked to a rocking chair in his apartment, rocking back and forth in the dark. This seems to be a habit for Murphy, who in carrying out the ritual attempts to enter a near-if-not-totally-nonexistent state of being (possibly something akin to sensory deprivation), which he finds pleasurable.
Murphy's "meditation" is juxtaposed with conversations he has with his friend and mentor Neary, an eccentric from Cork who has the ability to stop his heart—an ability or condition which Neary calls the "Apmonia" (a play on the Greek word for "harmony"), sometimes referred to as "Isonomy" or the "Attunement". The book states that this is a "mediation between... extremes" of heart attack and heart failure, allowing Neary to enter a state of survivable cardiac arrest at will. An early conversation between Neary and Murphy is spurred by some type of revelation Neary receives during one of these routine heart-stopping sessions, and the two are prompted to discuss their respective romantic lives. Murphy admits that "there is a Miss Counihan," though their relationship is unclear.
Murphy's "meditation" is further interrupted by a call from his current lover, Celia Kelly, who became a prostitute following the deaths of her parents at a young age. Murphy had proposed to Celia shortly after meeting her, but they have so far been unable to wed due to both their lack of money: "Celia spent every penny she earned and Murphy earned no pennies" and Murphy's conflicted feelings: "The part of him that he hated craved for Celia, the part that he loved shrivelled up at the thought of her." Celia finds Murphy in his flat still tied naked to the rocking chair, which he has somehow overturned. She rushes to assist him, noticing a large pink birthmark on his right buttock for the first time. She urges him to find a job, finally telling him that if he doesn't, she will leave him. Murphy reluctantly agrees to try.
Murphy begins work as a nurse at the Magdalen Mental Mercyseat in north London, finding the insanity of the patients an appealing alternative to conscious existence.
Murphy, gone to ground in London lodgings and then in the hospital, is pursued by a ragtag troupe of eccentrics from his own country, each with their own often-conflicting motivations. Neary, a practitioner of eastern mysticism, seeks Murphy as a love rival and then as compatible friend in the absence of all others. Miss Counihan's attachment to Murphy is romantic. Among Wylie's motivations, Miss Counihan is perhaps the strongest. And Cooper, Neary's simpleton servant and fixer, joins the trail for money, alcohol, and to serve his master.
Analysis
Among other things, Murphy is an example of Beckett's fascination with the artistic and metaphorical possibilities of chess. Near the novel's end, Murphy plays a game of chess with Mr. Endon, a patient who is "the most biddable little gaga in the entire institution". But Murphy cannot replicate his opponent's symmetrical and cyclical play, just as he is unable to will himself into a state of catatonic bliss. He resigns "with fool's mate in his soul", and dies shortly afterwards. Beckett relates the game in full English notation, complete with a comically arch commentary.
Moving between Ireland and England, the novel is caustically satirical at the expense of the Irish Free State, which had recently banned Beckett's More Pricks Than Kicks: the astrologer consulted by Murphy is famous 'throughout civilised world and Irish Free State'; 'for an Irish girl' Murphy's admirer Miss Counihan was 'quite exceptionally anthropoid'; and in the General Post Office, site of the 1916 Rising, Neary assaults the buttocks of Oliver Sheppard's statue of mythic Irish hero Cúchulainn (the statue in fact possesses no buttocks).
Indeed, the censor is roundly mocked: Celia, a prostitute whose profession is described tactfully in a passage by the author, who writes that "this phrase is chosen with care, lest the filthy censors should lack an occasion to commit their filthy synecdoche." Later, when Miss Counihan is sitting on Wylie's knee, Beckett sardonically explains that this did not occur in Wynn's Hotel, the Dublin establishment where earlier dialogue took place. The novel also contains a scabrous portrait of poet Austin Clarke as the dipsomaniac Austin Ticklepenny, given to unreciprocated 'genustuprations' of Murphy under the table; against Oliver St. John Gogarty's advice, Clarke declined to sue.
Murphy indeed cannot go insane to achieve freedom. What he turns to instead is nothingness, and he leaves a letter to Celia requesting that his ashes be flushed down the toilet of the Abbey Theatre during a performance after immolating himself with gas in his bedroom at the hospital. Celia also discovers the beauty of nothingness, as she loses her love, Murphy, and her grandfather's health declines. Beckett seamlessly converts comedy to terror of non-existence, as he does in his later work, Waiting for Godot.
Among the many thinkers to influence Murphy's mind–body debate are Spinoza, Descartes, and the little-known Belgian occasionalist Arnold Geulincx.
See also
List of most expensive books and manuscripts
External links
The chess game between Murphy (White) and Mr Endon (Black)
References
1938 novels
Novels by Samuel Beckett
Routledge books
1938 debut novels
Modernist novels | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murphy%20%28novel%29 |
Xavier García Gadea (born 5 January 1984) is a Spanish-Croatian water polo player. He was a member of the Spain national team between 1999 and 2013, finishing in sixth place at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, fifth at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing and sixth again at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London. In 2003, García, then playing for CN Barcelona-Noferthe, ended up in fifth place with the national side at the 2003 World Aquatics Championships in his home town of Barcelona.
Since 2010, García has played in Croatia. After being left out of the Spain national team in 2013, he obtained the Croatian citizenship in 2016 to be able to take part in the Rio Olympics, facing Spain in the group stage.
Honours
CN Barcelona
LEN Euro Cup: 2003–04
Spanish Championship: 2003–04, 2004–05
Copa del Rey: 2002–03
CN Atlètic-Barceloneta
Spanish Championship: 2006–07, 2008–09, 2009–10
Copa del Rey: 2006–07, 2008–09, 2009–10
Supercopa de España: 2007, 2009, 2010
Primorje Rijeka
LEN Champions League runners-up: 2011–12, 2014–15
Adriatic League: 2012–13, 2013–14, 2014–15
Croatian Championship: 2013–14, 2014–15
Croatian Cup: 2012–13, 2013–14, 2014–15
VK Jug
LEN Champions League: 2015–16 ; runners-up: 2016–17
LEN Super Cup: 2016
Adriatic League: 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18
Croatian Championship: 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2019–20
Croatian Cup: 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19
Awards
Member of the World Team 2018 by total-waterpolo
Orders
Order of Danica Hrvatska with face of Franjo Bučar – 2016
See also
Croatia men's Olympic water polo team records and statistics
List of Olympic medalists in water polo (men)
List of players who have appeared in multiple men's Olympic water polo tournaments
List of world champions in men's water polo
List of World Aquatics Championships medalists in water polo
References
External links
1984 births
Living people
Water polo players from Barcelona
Spanish emigrants to Croatia
Spanish male water polo players
Croatian male water polo players
Water polo drivers
Left-handed water polo players
Water polo players at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Olympic water polo players for Spain
Olympic silver medalists for Croatia in water polo
World Aquatics Championships medalists in water polo
Competitors at the 2005 Mediterranean Games
Competitors at the 2013 Mediterranean Games
Mediterranean Games medalists in water polo
Mediterranean Games gold medalists for Spain
Mediterranean Games silver medalists for Spain
Croatian people of Spanish descent
Croatian people of Catalan descent
Naturalized citizens of Croatia
Sportsmen from Catalonia
Spanish expatriate sportspeople in Croatia
Expatriate water polo players
Naturalised sports competitors | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xavier%20Garc%C3%ADa%20%28water%20polo%29 |
Eberhard Isbrand Ides or Evert Ysbrants (Ysbrandszoon) Ides (1657–1708) was a Danish merchant, traveller and diplomat.
Biography
Eberhard Isbrand Ides was from Holstein-Glückstadt.
By 1687, he settled in the German Quarter (Nemetskaya sloboda) of Moscow.
In 1692 he travelled as a Russian envoy to the Kangxi Emperor of China.
While there he was to negotiate trade relations between China and Russia.
He returned to Russia in 1694 and in 1698 he founded an arms and powder factory in the village of Glinkow.
In 1700 he became a commissioner of the Admiralty in Arkhangelsk and in 1704 administrator of export tariffs for Arkhangelsk.
Ides was one of the first early Europeans to describe the Gobi Desert. In 1698, Dreijahrige Reise Nach China, a German language description of the trip was first published with descriptions of Siberia and Northern China. His account appeared in French translation, along with a work by Dutch author Cornelis de Bruijn (1652-1727) in Voyage de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Persia, et aux Indes Orientales (6 parts in 2 volumes), published in Amsterdam in 1718.
References
External links
Works about Evert Ysbrants Ides WorldCat
1657 births
1708 deaths
People from Schleswig-Holstein
Danish merchants
Danish explorers
Danish travel writers
Danish emigrants to Russia
17th-century Danish diplomats | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eberhard%20Isbrand%20Ides |
The Carrick-a-Rede Rope Bridge (locally pronounced carrick-a-reed) is a rope bridge near Ballintoy in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. The bridge links the mainland to the tiny island of Carrickarede (). It spans and is above the rocks below. The bridge is mainly a tourist attraction and is owned and maintained by the National Trust. In 2018, the bridge had 485,736 visitors. The bridge is closed for winter (subject to weather) and people may cross it for a fee.
History
It is thought salmon fishermen have been building bridges to the island for over 350 years. It has taken many forms over the years. In the 1970s it had only one handrail and large gaps between the slats. A new bridge, tested up to ten tonnes, was built with the help of local climbers and abseilers in 2000. Another was built in 2004 and offered visitors and fishermen alike a much safer passage to the island. The current wire rope and Douglas fir bridge was made by Heyn Construction in Belfast and raised early in 2008 at a cost of over £16,000. There have been many instances where visitors, unable to face the walk back across the bridge, have had to be taken off the island by boat.
On 24 May 2017, a routine inspection revealed that the bridge's structural ropes had been damaged overnight in an act of vandalism. The National Trust announced that the bridge would be closed "for the foreseeable future". However, on the following day it was announced that structural engineers had completed repairs, and that the bridge had been reopened.
Fishing
It is no longer used by fishermen during the salmon season, which used to last from June until September, as there are now very few salmon left. In the 1960s, almost 300 fish were caught each day, but by 2002, only 250 were caught over the whole season. The salmon come through the area to spawn in the River Bann and the River Bush.
Features
There are views of Rathlin Island and Scotland from the area. The site and surrounding area is designated an Area of Special Scientific Interest for its unique geology, flora, and fauna. Underneath there are large caves, which once served as home for boat builders and as shelter during stormy weather.
Geology
Carrickarede island is the best example of a volcanic plug in Northern Ireland. Marine erosion has exposed a section through the neck of this old volcano.
The presence of tuff, explosion breccias, grey volcanic ash and explosion bombs show the extreme violence of the eruptions about 60 million years ago when molten rock punched its way through chalk.
Along the coast of this area, as with much of the Antrim plateau, the cliffs are of basalt with the characteristic Ulster chalk underneath. At Carrickarede, the ancient volcanic pipe has left dolerite, a tougher rock than basalt, which erodes more slowly. Behind the dolerite, to the south, the vent is filled with pyroclastic rocks that break down more easily, mostly a coarse tuff agglomerate. The combination of the hard rock out front and the softer rock behind, with long-term erosion by the waves, has eventually left this small island.
In popular culture
A plate of this bridge (Artist: Thomas Mann Baynes - Engraved by: J. Davies) appeared in Fisher's Drawing Room Scrap Book, 1832, accompanied by a poetical illustration by Letitia Elizabeth Landon (L. E. L.) referring to a gentleman who is supposed to have lived on the island as a hermit at one time (possibly a rebel who had fled out of Scotland).
Seamus Heaney describes the bridge in his 1978 poem A Postcard from North Antrim:
A lone figure is waving
From the thin line of a bridge
Of ropes and slates, slung
Dangerously out between
The cliff-top and the pillar rock.
Gallery
See also
List of notable pedestrian bridges
References
External links
National Trust – Carrick-a-Rede
New Rope Bridge for Carrick-a-Rede. CultureNorthernIreland.org Feature
Bridges completed in the 17th century
Buildings and structures in County Antrim
National Trust properties in Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland coast
Pedestrian bridges in Northern Ireland
Bridges in Northern Ireland
Ropework
Suspension bridges in the United Kingdom
Tourist attractions in County Antrim
Simple suspension bridges
Volcanic plugs of Northern Ireland
Toll bridges in Northern Ireland | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrick-a-Rede%20Rope%20Bridge |
W8 or W-8 may be:
W8, a postcode district in the W postcode area
W8 engine, an eight-cylinder piston engine in a W configuration
Cargojet, IATA airline designator
Worms 3D, the eighth game in the Worms series
Vector W8, a sports car produced by Vector Aeromotive
London bus W8, a London bus route
a specific size of I-beam
Windows 8, an operating system
W8 (loading gauge) on the British rail system
W8 (tram), a class of electric trams modified by Yarra Trams from SW6, W6 and W7 trams.
Form W-8, a series of IRS tax forms
See also
Wait
Weight
de:Liste von Abkürzungen (Netzjargon)#W | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W8 |
A fish aggregating (or aggregation) device (FAD) is a man-made object used to attract ocean-going pelagic fish such as marlin, tuna and mahi-mahi (dolphin fish). They usually consist of buoys or floats tethered to the ocean floor with concrete blocks. FADs attract fish for numerous reasons that vary by species.
Fish tend to move around FADs in varying orbits, rather than remaining stationary below the buoys. Both recreational and commercial fisheries use FADs.
Before FADs, commercial tuna fishing used purse seining to target surface-visible aggregations of birds and dolphins, which were a reliable signal of the presence of tuna schools below. The demand for dolphin-safe tuna was a driving force for FADs.
In the past, people in the Pacific islands used bamboo rafts to make it easier to catch tuna that gathered below. Today, the FAD has made fishing much easier for them.
Fish behaviour
Fish are fascinated with floating objects. They use them to mark locations for mating activities. They aggregate in considerable numbers around objects such as drifting flotsam, rafts, jellyfish and floating seaweed. The objects appear to provide a "visual stimulus in an optical void", and offer refuge for juvenile fish from predators. The gathering of juvenile fish, in turn, attracts larger predator fish. A study using sonar in French Polynesia, found large shoals of juvenile bigeye tuna and yellowfin tuna aggregated closest to the devices, 10 to 50m. Further out, 50 to 150m, was a less dense group of larger yellowfin and albacore tuna. Yet further out, to 500m, was a dispersed group of various large adult tuna. The distribution and density of these groups was variable and overlapped. The FADs were also used by other fish, and the aggregations dispersed when it was dark.
Types
Drifting FADs are not tethered to the bottom and can be man made, or natural objects such as logs or driftwood.
Moored FADs occupy a fixed location and attach to the sea bottom using a weight such as a concrete block. A rope made of floating synthetics such as polypropylene attaches to the mooring and in turn attaches to a buoy. The buoy can float at the surface (lasting 3–4 years) or lie subsurface to avoid detection and surface hazards such as weather and ship traffic. Subsurface FADs last longer (5–6 years) due to less wear and tear, but can be harder to locate. In some cases the upper section of rope is made from heavier-than-water metal chain so that if the buoy detaches from the rope, the rope sinks and thereby avoids damage to passing ships who no longer use the buoy to avoid getting tangled in the rope.
Smart FADs include sonar and GPS capabilities so that the operator can remotely contact it via satellite to determine the population under the FAD.
Scope
Drifting FADs are widespread in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Ocean purse seine fisheries. They catch over 1 million tons of tuna (nearly one-third of the global tuna total) and over 100,000 tons of by-catch in the vicinity of FADs as of 2005. Skipjack Katsuwonus pelamis, bigeye tuna Thunnus obesus and yellowfin Thunnus albacares tuna are the three primary tropical tuna species that FADs target. Other fish include albacore, dolphin fish, wahoo, blue marlin, striped marlin, mako shark, silky shark, whitetip shark, galapagos shark, mackerel, and
bonito.
Before FADs, pelagic purse seiners targeted free-swimming schools of tuna. Increasing FAD use over the past 30 years has increased the productivity of the fishing fleet, but has significant side-effects. The average FAD-caught fish is smaller and comes with relatively large bycatch raising concern about declining populations of several species of pelagic sharks.
The U.S. state of Hawaii operates 55 surface FADs around its islands to support sport fishing and marine research.
Removal of FADs
In the Indian Ocean some NGOs want to reduce the impact of pollution and coral degradation by removing FADs that have drifted onto corals, damaging them. Oceanika, a UN registered NGO, launches regular missions.
See also
Artificial reef
Biorock
Marine debris
Multi-purpose reef
References
External links
FADs in Hawaii, USA
FADs in New South Wales, Australia
FADs in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, USA
Bhavani, V (2004) Fish Aggregating Devices Information Sources FAO: Information document: BOBP/INF/2, Rome.
Fishing equipment | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish%20aggregating%20device |
Cecil Hotel or Hotel Cecil may refer to:
Australia
Hotel Cecil, North Ipswich, Queensland
Hotel Cecil (Southport), Queensland
Egypt
Cecil Hotel (Alexandria)
India
The Cecil, Shimla
Morocco
Hotel Cecil (Tangier, Morocco)
United Kingdom
Hotel Cecil, London, now demolished
The Unionist government, 1895–1905, nicknamed the "Hotel Cecil" in 1900
United States
Cecil Hotel (Los Angeles), United States
Cecil Hotel, New York City, the site of the jazz club Minton's Playhouse
See also
Cecil (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cecil%20Hotel |
Johann Christian Heinrich Rinck (18 February 1770 – 23 July 1846) was a German composer and organist of the late classical and early romantic eras.
Life and career
Rinck was born in Elgersburg (in present-day Thuringia), and died in Darmstadt, aged 76.
He studied with Johann Christian Kittel (1732–1809), (a pupil of Johann Sebastian Bach), and eventually became Kantor at the music school in Darmstadt, where he was also a court organist from 1813. He composed prolifically, and an organ primer of his enjoyed wide popularity.
Among his works is a set of Variations on ‘Ah! vous dirai-je, Maman’, Opus 90, published by Simrock in 1828. It is based on a tune made familiar by Mozart (K. 265) (and generally associated with the words Twinkle Twinkle Little Star).
Notable students include composer Georg Vierling and Benedict Jucker (1811–1876).
Works
Piano works
XXX zweistimmige Übungen durch alle Tonarten (30 Exercices à deux parties dans tous les tons) op. 67. Verlag Dohr
Neuausgabe der Klaviervariationen, krit. rev. Neuausgabe.
Heft 1: Freut euch des Lebens op. 39; Das Vögelchen op. 61; Brüder lagert euch im Kreise op. 44; Heft 2: Zieht ihr Krieger, zieht von dannen op. 51; Zu Steffen sprach im Traume op. 62; Heft 3: Andante con Variatione o.op. (1798) für Pianoforte oder Clavichord. Verlag Dohr
Deux Sonates pour Piano=Forte à quatre mains op. 50 F-Dur und op. 86 B-Dur („d’une difficulté progressive“). Verlag Dohr
Six Menuets et Trios pour Pianoforte à quatre mains op. 13. Verlag Dohr
Douze Menuets et Trios op. 79 (Klav. 4hd.) Verlag Dohr
Trois Sonates à quatre mains op. 26. Verlag Dohr
Trois Divertissements (d’une difficulté progressive) op. 36. (Klav. 4hd.) Verlag Dohr
Trois Divertissements à quatre mains d’une difficulté progressive op. 41. Verlag Dohr
Variationen op. 102: Fünf Variationen über die Cavatine „Nach soviel Leiden“ von Rossini op. 102,1; Fünf Variationen über das Volkslied „Es kann ja nicht immer so bleiben“ op. 102,2 (Klav. 4hd.). Verlag Dohr
Chamber music
Klaviertrio Es-Dur o.op. (1803) für Violine, Violoncello und Klavier. Verlag Dohr
Drei Klaviertrios op. 32 (1812) für Violine, Violoncello („ad libitum“) und Klavier. Verlag Dohr
Drei Klaviertrios op. 34 (1834) für Violine, Violoncello („obligés“) und Klavier. Verlag Dohr
Sonate G-Dur für Flöte und Klavier (nach dem „Flötenkonzert“ für Orgel aus op. 55, 5. Band Nr. 8), arrangiert von Oliver Drechsel. Verlag Dohr
Sonate très facile für Violine und Klavier (Cembalo) Nr. 1 B-Dur. Verlag Dohr
Sonate très facile für Violine und Klavier (Cembalo) Nr. 2 G-Dur. Verlag Dohr
Drei Sestetti. (Erstdruck). Verlag Dohr
Organ works
Kleine und leichte Orgelstücke, op. 1
Zwölf kurze und leichte Orgelstücke, op. 2
24 Trios op 20
Douze Preludes pour l’orgue, op. 25
Zwölf Orgelstücke, op. 29
Concertstuck, op. 33
40 Kleine, leichte und vermischte Orgelpräludien, op. 37
12 fugirte Nachspiele für Orgel, op. 48
Praktische Orgelschule, op. 55
Variations on a Theme by Corelli, op. 56
12 Adagios for Organ, op.57
Andante with Eight Variations, op.70
Drei Nachspiele für die Orgel, op. 78
Neun Variationen und Finale, op. 90
Der Choralfreund, op.110
15 leichte fugierte Nachspiele, op. 114
Exercise and 6 Grand Pieces, op.120
Sammlung von Vor- und Nachspielen zum Gebrauche beim öffentlichen Gottesdienste, op. 129
Vocal works
Sechs geistliche Lieder für Gesang und Orgel (oder Klavier) op. 81. Verlag Dohr
Messe/Missa op. 91 (lateinischer und deutscher Text) für Chor, Soli (ad libitum) und Orgel. Edition Musica Rinata und Verlag Dohr
Herr, ich bleibe stets an Dir. Psalm 73. Motette zu vier Singstimmen (Chor u. Soli) mit obligater Orgelbegleitung op. 127. Edition Musica Rinata und Verlag Dohr
Gebet für Verstorbene op. 71. Motette zu vier Singstimmen (Chor u. Soli) und obligater Orgelbegleitung. Verlag Dohr
Charfreytags-Kantate für Soli, Chor und Orgel op. 76. Verlag Dohr
Befiehl dem Herrn deine Wege op. 85. Motette für Soli, Chor und Orgel. Edition Musica Rinata und Verlag Dohr
Lobe den Herrn meine Seele. Motette zu vier Singstimmen (Chor u. Soli) und obligater Orgelbegleitung op. 88. Edition Musica Rinata und Verlag Dohr
Gott sey uns gnädig und segne uns! Motette für Soli, Chor und Orgel op. 109. Verlag Dohr
Halleluja von Pfeffel op. 63. Motette für Sopran, Alt, Tenor und Bass mit Begleitung des Pianoforte. Verlag Dohr
Das Vater unser für Sopran, Alt, Tenor, Bass und obligate Orgel. Edition Musica Rinata und Verlag Dohr
Weihnachtskantate op. 73. Edition Musica Rinata
Gott sorgt für uns op. 98 Kantate für Chor und Orgel. Edition Musica Rinata
Preis und Anbetung sei unserm Gott!
References
External links
Biographies
Biography from Naxos.com
Another biography
Sound Files
MP3 of Praeludium in c minor
MP3 of Flute Concerto
Music scores
1770 births
1846 deaths
18th-century classical composers
18th-century German composers
18th-century keyboardists
18th-century German male musicians
19th-century classical composers
19th-century German composers
19th-century German male musicians
19th-century organists
German classical organists
German Classical-period composers
German male classical composers
German Romantic composers
German male organists
Male classical organists | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian%20Heinrich%20Rinck |
Aidan Chambers (born 27 December 1934) is a British author of children's and young-adult novels. He won both the British Carnegie Medal and the American Printz Award for Postcards from No Man's Land (1999). For his "lasting contribution to children's literature" he won the biennial, international Hans Christian Andersen Award in 2002.
Life and work
Born near Chester-le-Street, County Durham in 1934, Chambers was an only child, and a poor scholar; considered "slow" by his teachers, he did not learn to read fluently until the age of nine. After two years in the Royal Navy as part of his National Service, Chambers trained as a teacher and taught for three years at Westcliff High School in Southend on Sea before joining an Anglican monastery in Stroud, Gloucestershire in 1960. His young-adult novel Now I Know (1987) is based partly on his experiences as a monk.
His first plays, including Johnny Salter (1966), The Car and The Chicken Run (1968), were published while he was a teacher at Archway School in Stroud.
Chambers left the monastery in 1967 and a year later became a freelance writer. His works include the "Dance sequence" of six novels (1978 to 2005): Breaktime, Dance on My Grave, Now I Know, The Toll Bridge, Postcards from No Man's Land and This is All: The Pillow Book of Cordelia Kenn. He and his wife, Nancy, founded Thimble Press and the magazine Signal to promote literature for children and young adults. They were awarded the Eleanor Farjeon Award for outstanding services to children's books in 1982. From 2003 to 2006 he was President of the School Library Association.
Awards and honours
Chambers won two major annual book awards for Postcards from No Man's Land, published by Bodley Head in 1999, one being the Carnegie Medal from the Library Association, recognising the year's best children's book by a British subject. The other was the Michael L. Printz Award for specifically young-adult literature, recognising the first US edition published three years later.
He has also received several general awards and honours.
1979 Children's Literature Association Award for Literary Criticism
1982 Eleanor Farjeon Award for Outstanding Services to Children's Books (shared with wife Nancy)
2002 Hans Christian Andersen Award in recognition of his distinguished body of writing.
2003 Honorary Doctorate of Philosophy from the University of Umeå
2008 Honorary Doctorate of Letters from the University of Gloucestershire
2009 Elected Fellow Royal Society of Literature
2010 National Association for the Teaching of English (NATE) Award for Lifetime Services to English Education
2011 Honorary Doctorate of Literature from Oxford Brookes University
Books
Novels for young adults
Cycle Smash (1967)
Marle (1968)
Snake River (1975)
Breaktime (1978)
Dance on My Grave (1982)
Now I Know (1987)
The Toll Bridge (1992)
Postcards from No Man's Land (1999)
This is All: The Pillow Book of Cordelia Kenn (2005)
Dying to Know You (2012)
Novels for children
Seal Secret (1980)
The Present Takers (1984).
Chambers has also compiled and edited many other children's books, several concerning ghosts. Ghosts Four was edited as Malcolm Blacklin.
Short stories
The Kissing Game: Short Stories of Defiance and Flash Fictions (2011)
Criticism and education
The Reluctant Reader (1969)
Introducing Books to Children (1973, 1983)
Booktalk: occasional writing on literature and children (1985)
The Reading Environment (1991)
Tell Me: Children, Reading and Talk (1993)
Reading Talk (2001)
Tell Me: Children, Reading and Talk with The Reading Environment (2011)
The Age Between: Personal Reflections on Youth Fiction Fincham Press (2020)
See also
Notes
References
Further reading
Greenaway, Betty. Aidan Chambers: Master Literary Choreographer. The Scarecrow Press, 2006, .
Nancy Chambers (ed) Reading the Novels of Aidan Chambers. Thimble Press, 2009, .
External links
British writers of young adult literature
Carnegie Medal in Literature winners
Fellows of the Royal Society of Literature
Hans Christian Andersen Award for Writing winners
Michael L. Printz Award winners
Anglican monks
People from Chester-le-Street
1934 births
Living people
Royal Navy sailors
Military personnel from County Durham
20th-century Royal Navy personnel | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aidan%20Chambers |
Bundesgericht may refer to
Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland
Bundesgericht (Germany), a kind of court in Germany | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bundesgericht |
Torre Jaume I is a 107-metre (351 feet) high steel truss tower in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, which was built in 1931 by Carlos Boigas. The tower is currently the fifth-tallest aerial lift pylon in the world, and is a part of the Port Vell Aerial Tramway from Torre Sant Sebastia to Montjuïc. Torre Jaume I also has an observation platform.
See also
List of towers
Aerial lift pylon
External links
Profile of the tower at emporis
Scale drawing of the tower at skyscraperpge
Buildings and structures in Barcelona
Towers completed in 1931
Towers in Catalonia
1931 establishments in Spain | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torre%20Jaume%20I |
Iván Ernesto Pérez Vargas (born 29 June 1971) is a water polo player from Spain. He was born in Havana, Cuba, but became a Spanish citizen. He was a member of the national team that finished in sixth place at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. He also competed at the 2008 and 2012 Olympics. He represented Cuba at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
In 2003 Pérez, a player from CN Barcelona, ended up in fifth place with the national side at the 2003 World Aquatics Championships in his home town of Barcelona. He twice won the world title with Spain, at the 1998 World Aquatics Championships in Perth, Western Australia, and at the 2001 World Aquatics Championships in Fukuoka, Japan.
See also
Spain men's Olympic water polo team records and statistics
List of players who have appeared in multiple men's Olympic water polo tournaments
List of men's Olympic water polo tournament top goalscorers
List of World Aquatics Championships medalists in water polo
List of world champions in men's water polo
References
External links
1971 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Havana
Cuban male water polo players
Cuban emigrants to Spain
Spanish male water polo players
Olympic water polo players for Cuba
Olympic water polo players for Spain
Water polo players at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 2012 Summer Olympics
World Aquatics Championships medalists in water polo
Mediterranean Games gold medalists for Spain
Competitors at the 2005 Mediterranean Games
Mediterranean Games medalists in water polo | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iv%C3%A1n%20P%C3%A9rez%20%28water%20polo%29 |
Torre Sant Sebastià is a 78 metre tall free standing lattice tower in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain which is used as a suspension cable station. It is the terminal of the Port Vell Aerial Tramway of Barcelona, which runs over Torre Jaume I to Montjuïc. Torre Sant Sebastia was opened in 1931. It has two elevators to get up to the top of the tower and a restaurant on the top.
See also
List of towers
External links
Emporis.com
http://www.skyscraperpage.com/diagrams/?b46298
Buildings and structures in Barcelona
Sant Sebastia
1931 establishments in Spain
Towers completed in 1931 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torre%20Sant%20Sebasti%C3%A0 |
Andrew L. Chaikin (born June 24, 1956) is an American author, speaker and science journalist. He lives in Vermont.
He is the author of A Man on the Moon, a detailed description of the Apollo missions to the Moon. This book formed the basis for From the Earth to the Moon, a 12-part HBO miniseries.
From 1999 to 2001, Chaikin served as executive editor for space and science at Space.com. From 2008 to 2011, he was a faculty member for Montana State University in Bozeman, Montana. In 2013, he wrote and performed the narration on a NASA video re-creating the taking of the famous Earthrise photo during the Apollo 8 mission.
His book A Man on the Moon: One Giant Leap states that he grew up in Great Neck, New York, and, while studying geology at Brown University, worked at the NASA/Caltech Jet Propulsion Laboratory on the Viking program.
Bibliography
Cameo appearance
In the HBO miniseries From the Earth to the Moon, Chaikin made a brief appearance in pseudo-documentary footage in the first episode as the host of Meet the Press.
References
External links
Appearance on the Colbert Report, April 4, 2011
1956 births
Living people
Brown University alumni
Space advocates
People from Arlington, Massachusetts
20th-century American journalists
American male journalists | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew%20Chaikin |
Sparks is an unincorporated community that is located in Baltimore County, Maryland, United States. It is situated approximately north of Baltimore and is considered to be a suburb of the City of Baltimore. The Gunpowder River runs through Sparks.
The popular North Central Railroad ("NCR") Hike-Bike Trail runs through Sparks along the basin of the Gunpowder Falls (a.k.a. the Gunpowder River). The town's ZIP Code is 21152 and it is frequently accessed at Exit 24, Belfast Road, along Interstate 83, a Highway that runs from Baltimore to Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. Although Sparks is unincorporated and has no official town limits, the area that is usually considered to constitute Sparks runs from several miles west of I-83 to Carroll Road to the east, and from north of Hunt Valley/Cockeysville along York Road and I-83 to Hereford. According to the 2010 US Census, 5,094 people live in the Sparks area. Glencoe is a smaller community that is largely surrounded by Sparks and the area is sometimes collectively known as "Sparks Glencoe, Maryland".
History
1800s
In 1835, the Baltimore and Susquehanna Railroad constructed a track through Baltimore County which included a siding and switch near a large tract of land owned by the Sparks family. Railroad officials gave the name Sparks to the switch, and soon area residents began to refer to the location as "Sparks' Switch." Abraham Lincoln's body was carried through Sparks on the Baltimore and Susquehanna Railroad from Washington, D.C., on its way to burial in Illinois following his assassination in 1865.
For a number of years a creamery was operated for farmers who brought their milk in daily to be separated. (The stone structure which once housed the creamery can be seen today.) The cream was shipped to Baltimore while the skim milk was used by the farmers on their farms. With the passage of time, Sparks' Switch came to be known simply as "Sparks." In 1888, the area had grown to a point where "a substantial foot bridge 6 feet in width" had to be built across the Gunpowder River.
Beginning in 1889, a combination passenger and freight station was operated by the Northern Central Railway (NCR) along the right-of-way and line that had previously been known as the Baltimore and Susquehanna Railroad. A passenger and freight stop along the North Central Railroad was named Sparks Station. Railroad operations through Sparks ceased in 1972, as a direct result of major damage to the tracks and rail bed that occurred during flooding that followed Hurricane Agnes.
The section along York Road that is today known as Sparks was previously named Philopolis. (The name "Philopolis" is from the Greek and means "Love Town." Today, a subdivision of Sparks is named "Loveton Farms."). The original town of Sparks, as distinguished from Philopolis was merely a cluster of homes and farms one mile to the east along the NCR tracks and Sparks Road. Philopolis was the site of the Milton Academy, a well known private day and boarding school for boys. Of note is the fact that one of the school's students was John Wilkes Booth. The Milton Academy stands today along York Road in Sparks and serves as one of the region's finest restaurants, the Milton Inn. Wallace Warfield Simpson, better known as the Duchess of Windsor, and the Princess of Jordan, graduated from the nearby Oldfields School, a private boarding school for young women. Also located in the area that was originally known as Sparks (along Sparks Road) was a blacksmith and a wheelwright shop, an undertaker, a milliner, and a general store. In time, the entire area came to be known as Sparks and the village of Philopolis disappeared from county maps.
1900s
In 1909, six small rural schools were consolidated into what is known today as the once-historic Sparks Elementary School building on Sparks Road. Sparks Elementary School was completely gutted by an electrical fire on the evening of January 8, 1995. Local television station crews (including Baltimore's WJZ-13 affiliate) were at the scene as the event unfolded. However, fire & rescue crews did not arrive until well after the electrical fire had completely destroyed the school's interior. Although remnants of the stone foundation and outer face of the building still remain, the once-historic stone building was clearly unsuitable to be used again for its original purpose. Returning students who were slated to continue classes at Sparks Elementary School from winter-spring of 1995 were instead transferred to a makeshift Elementary School wing set up within Cockeysville Middle School in Cockeysville, Maryland. Incoming students who were slated to begin kindergarten classes at Sparks Elementary School in the fall of 1995 were instead transferred to a makeshift kindergarten wing of Bosley Church in Sparks, on Thornton Mill Road, Maryland. In 1998, Sparks Elementary School was rebuilt on Belfast Road, approximately one mile west of its original location on Sparks Road. This new incarnation of Sparks Elementary School opened on November 23, 1998. In 1913, a general store and warehouse was built and the post office was moved from York Road to Sparks Road. Sparks State Bank was built in 1916 next to the store along the NCR tracks. Both the bank and the post office have since been moved back to York Road, which now serves as the main area of local business. The bank moved in 1954 due to a decrease in train activity as well as repeated flooding from the Gunpowder River; some of the bank's safe deposit boxes were said to have contained water from past floods. The original Sparks Bank building still stands and is now operated as a Nature Center for young children by volunteers of Gunpowder Falls State Park in conjunction with the NCR Hike and Bike Trail, which follows the old railroad path through northern Baltimore County.
Economy
Sparks, and in particular the Loveton business area, is the home of a growing economic presence. From 1995 until 2011, it was the headquarters of sportwear manufacturer FILA USA.
KELLY, an employee benefits and payroll services provider with 500 employees moved to the former Fila headquarters in Sparks in June, 2015. Acclaimed video game development studio Firaxis Games also moved to the town in 2009. McCormick & Company, a Fortune 1000 company that manufactures spices, herbs, and flavorings for retail, commercial, and industrial markets, was headquartered in Sparks until late 2018. US Lacrosse moved its headquarters to Sparks in 2016. Apex Tool Group is based in Sparks.
References
Unincorporated communities in Maryland
Unincorporated communities in Baltimore County, Maryland | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sparks%2C%20Maryland |
România Mare (literally translated from Romanian as "Great Romania"), may refer to:
Greater Romania, the Romania state between the two world wars. Also political movements to unite lands that have Romanian-speaking populations
Greater Romania Party (Partidul România Mare), a post-Communist populist political party in Romania
România Mare (magazine), edited by party leader Corneliu Vadim Tudor | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom%C3%A2nia%20Mare |
Thomas McInerney (born March 7, 1937) is a political commentator and a retired United States Air Force Lieutenant General.
McInerney was a forward air controller and fighter pilot during the Vietnam War and had flown 407 combat missions during his four tours of duty. In addition to his Vietnam service, McInerney served overseas in NATO; Pacific Air Forces and as commander of Eleventh Air Force in Alaska.
Since his retirement in 1994, McInerney has been on the boards of several military contractors. He was a frequent guest on Fox News until 2018 when he claimed without evidence that John McCain, whom he called "Songbird John", betrayed his country when he was a prisoner of war in Vietnam. He was a staunch advocate of the Iraq War, defended the use of torture, and defended the George W. Bush administration. In 2008, it was revealed that the Pentagon under the Bush administration supplied McInerney with talking points to use in his commentary.
Education
McInerney was born March 7, 1937, in Havre de Grace, Maryland, and graduated from Garden City (N.Y.) High School in 1955. He earned a BS degree from the United States Military Academy in 1959 and a master's degree in international relations from George Washington University in 1972. McInerney graduated from the Armed Forces Staff College in 1970 and from the National War College in 1973.
Military career
After graduating from USMA in June 1959, McInerney was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the United States Army. He then joined the Air Force, and completed initial pilot training at Bartow Air Base, Florida, and Laredo Air Force Base, Texas, in November 1960. He participated in the Berlin and Cuban crises in 1962, flying escort missions in the West Berlin Air Corridor and escort reconnaissance missions over Cuba during the Cuban Missile Crisis. In April 1963, he was one of the first forward air controllers assigned to South Vietnam with a Vietnamese army division. He participated in three additional Southeast Asia deployments.
After completing the Armed Forces Staff College in February 1970, he was transferred to the Directorate of Operational Requirements, Air Force headquarters. Upon graduation from National War College in July 1973, McInerney was assigned to the 58th Tactical Fighter Training Wing, Luke Air Force Base, as F-104 and F-5 director of operations. In August 1974, he became the air attaché to the U.S. Embassy in London. From November 1976 until October 1977, he was vice commander of the 20th Tactical Fighter Wing, Royal Air Force Station Upper Heyford, England. McInerney then became military assistant to Ambassador Robert W. Komer. In March 1979, McInerney became commander of the 3d Tactical Fighter Wing, Clark Air Base, Philippines.
In February 1981, he became commander of the 313th Air Division, Kadena Air Base, Japan. McInerney then was deputy chief of staff for operations and intelligence, Headquarters Pacific Air Forces, Hickam Air Force Base, Hawaii, from June 1983 to July 1985, when he became commander of Third Air Force, Royal Air Force Station Mildenhall, England. In October 1986, McInerney was assigned as vice commander in chief, Headquarters U.S. Air Forces in Europe, Ramstein Air Base, West Germany. He became commander of Alaskan Air Command, Alaskan NORAD Region, and Joint Task Force Alaska in May 1988. McInerney assumed command of Alaskan Command upon its activation in July 1989 and became commander of Eleventh Air Force when Alaskan Air Command was redesignated Eleventh Air Force in August 1990.
McInerney's last active duty assignment was as assistant vice chief of staff, Headquarters U.S. Air Force, Washington, D.C. He retired from the Air Force on 1 July 1994.
McInerney's military awards and decorations include the following:
Distinguished Service Medal with 1 oak leaf cluster
Defense Superior Service Medal
Legion of Merit with 1 oak leaf cluster
Distinguished Flying Cross with 1 oak leaf cluster
Bronze Star Medal with 1 oak leaf cluster and "V" device
Meritorious Service Medal with 1 oak leaf cluster
Air Medal with 17 oak leaf clusters
Air Force Commendation Medal with 1 oak leaf cluster
National Defense Service Medal
Vietnam Service Medal with 1 silver star and 1 bronze star
Republic of Vietnam Gallantry Cross Unit Citation with palm
Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal with 1960- device
McInerney has also been awarded the Third Order of the Rising Sun by the Japanese government. McInerney was inducted into the USAF Order of the Sword in July 1980.
Post military career
Beginning in January 2002, McInerney was a military analyst on Fox News until May 2018.
McInerney was a staunch advocate for the Iraq War. In 2002, he incorrectly predicted that a military campaign against Iraq would be "shorter" than the 42 days it took to complete the Persian Gulf War in 1991, and further, "It is going to be absolutely awesome, and that's why this war, if we do it properly, will go very quick, and we'll have less civilian casualties than we did last time."
In 2004, he claimed without evidence that with the aid of a Russian Special Forces team with GRU, Saddam had transported weapons of mass destruction (WMDs) to Syria and the Bekaa Valley in Lebanon for safekeeping. Although McInerney said they had been moved to three places in Syria and one in Lebanon, the final report of the Iraq Survey Group, by Charles A. Duelfer, special adviser on Iraqi weapons to the C.I.A., concluded that any stockpiles had been destroyed long before the war and that transfers to Syria were "unlikely."
In 2006, McInerney advocated for regime change via military action against Iran and North Korea.
McInerney has been a member of the Boards of Directors of military contractors, including Alloy Surfaces Company, Kilgore Flares Co, Nortel Government Solutions Inc. Pan American International Academy (Flight Simulators), Agusta Westland NA, and Crescent Partnerships.
In 2008, it was revealed that McInerney received email communications from the Pentagon with talking points that he should use to defend the Bush administration in his TV appearances and columns.
In 2010, McInerney provided his support against the court martial of fellow birther Terrence Lakin, who refused to deploy to Afghanistan due to his suspicion of President Barack Obama's birthplace.
On September 6, 2016, McInerney was 1 of 88 retired military leaders who endorsed the Republican presidential nominee, Donald Trump.
On September 15, 2020, McInerney was 1 of 235 retired military leaders who endorsed President Trump's re-election for president.
Views
McInerney has called President Obama a treasonous leader who is "aiding and abetting the enemy." McInerney also has said there were "widespread and legitimate concerns that the President [Obama] is constitutionally ineligible to hold office."
In 2010, McInerney called for strip-searching all Muslim men between the ages of 18 and 28 at airports.
In 2015, as a Fox News contributor and a member of the Iran Policy Committee, McInerney was noted for suggesting on Fox News that terrorists could have flown the disappeared Malaysia Airlines 370 to Pakistan.
In May 2018, McInerney appeared on Fox Business News and asserted to the show's host Charles Payne, that torture had "worked on" John McCain (when he was a POW in North Vietnam) and "That's why they call him 'Songbird John'," referencing an unverified claim made against McCain during the Republican primary in South Carolina in 2000. After the show, Payne apologized on Twitter to Senator McCain and his family for what McInerney had said which he himself did not hear or challenge because he was being told at the same time by the control room to "wrap the segment". Afterward, Fox News announced that McInerney would never appear on Fox News or Fox Business again.
On November 28, 2020, McInerney pushed claims about election fraud after the 2020 elections. He claimed that "US special forces command seized a server farm in Frankfurt, Germany", which was run by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Both the U.S. Army and U.S. Army Special Operations Command denied that such an attack occurred. He later called on President Trump "to declare a national emergency, use the Insurrection Act, declare martial law, suspend habeas corpus, set up military tribunals, and suspend the electoral college [vote for president and vice-president] on December 14 and the presidential inauguration on January 20". He claimed that the election was being stolen from Trump and treasonous parties should be arrested and charged and a "full investigation" must be done by President Trump.
See also
WMD theories in the aftermath of the 2003 Iraq War
Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election
References
Further reading
Thomas Mcinerney and Paul E. Vallely, Endgame: The Blueprint for Victory in the War on Terror, Regnery Publishing, 1 February 2004
External links
Official United States Air Force biography
Thomas McInerney biographical note, NetStar Systems, accessed 23 February 2006.
Interview with Thomas McInerney and Lt. General Gard from 1999
United States Air Force generals
United States Air Force personnel of the Vietnam War
American conspiracy theorists
American broadcast news analysts
American people of Scotch-Irish descent
United States Military Academy alumni
Elliott School of International Affairs alumni
National War College alumni
Living people
1937 births
Recipients of the Air Medal
Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)
Recipients of the Order of the Sword (United States)
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
Recipients of the Defense Superior Service Medal
People from Havre de Grace, Maryland
United States air attachés
Garden City High School (New York) alumni | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20McInerney |
Dear Deidre was the British newspaper The Sun's long running agony aunt column written by Deidre Sanders. Dear Deidre is also a phone-in section on the long-running British daytime TV programme This Morning, where the section has viewers calling live on the show asking for help from Deidre Sanders.
June Deidre Sanders (born 9 June 1945), a graduate of Sheffield University, was responsible for the feature which bears her name since November 1980 until her retirement at the end of 2020. On 27 September 2022, Sanders announced during an interview with This Morning that she had been diagnosed with breast cancer.
References
External links
British advice columnists
British women columnists | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dear%20Deidre |
"Time" is a song by English singer-songwriter David Bowie. Written in New Orleans in November 1972 during the American leg of the Ziggy Stardust Tour, it was recorded in London in January 1973 and released as the opening track on side two of the album Aladdin Sane that April. An edited version of the song supplanted the release of the single "Drive-In Saturday" in the United States, Canada and Japan. It was also released in France and South Africa, while early Spanish copies of David Live included a free copy of the single.
Production and style
The piece has been described as "burlesque vamp", and compared to the cabaret music of Jacques Brel and Bertolt Brecht/Kurt Weill. Keyboardist Mike Garson said that he employed "the old stride piano style from the 20s and I mixed it up with avant-garde jazz styles plus it had the element of show music, plus it was very European." Co-producer Ken Scott took credit for the idea of mixing the sound of Bowie's breathing right up front when the music paused, just before guitarist Mick Ronson launched into his cacophonous solo.
The song's best-known couplet is "Time – he flexes like a whore / Falls wanking to the floor"; RCA allowed it to remain in the US single edit, being unfamiliar with the British term "wanking". However, when Bowie came to perform the song on the U.S. television special The 1980 Floor Show in August 1973, he slurred the line in such a way as to render it "Falls swanking to the floor." Conversely, RCA cut the line "In quaaludes and red wine" from the single, while Bowie retained it for The 1980 Floor Show. The phrase "Billy Dolls" refers to Billy Murcia, late drummer for the New York Dolls.
Artist Tanja Stark suggests the infamous lyric may be a cryptic allusion to ‘Chronos’, the ancient Greek personification of 'Time' who was associated with 'magical semen', due to Bowie's well known fascination with mythology and esoterica.
David Bowie said of the song "I’ve written a new song on the new album which is just called ‘Time’, and I thought it was about time, and I wrote very heavily about time, and the way I felt about time – at times – and I played it back after we recorded it and my God, it was a gay song! And I’d no intention of writing anything at all gay. When I’d listened to it back I just could not believe it. I thought well, that’s the strangest…"
Reception
Like its parent album, "Time" has divided critical opinion. Biographer David Buckley calls the full-length version "five minutes of wired perfection" and the lyrics "poetic and succinct", while NME critics Roy Carr and Charles Shaar Murray have described the words as sounding "strained and incomplete", concluding that "with such a weak lyric, the overly melodramatic music sounds faintly absurd". Record World predicted that it "should be a monster in no time at all."
Mojo magazine listed it as Bowie's 99th best track in 2015.
Track listing
All tracks written by David Bowie.
"Time" – 3:38
"The Prettiest Star" – 3:27
The Japanese release featured "Panic in Detroit" on the B-side.
Personnel
According to Chris O'Leary:
David Bowie – lead and backing vocals, 12-string acoustic guitar, production
Mick Ronson – lead and rhythm guitars, backing vocals
Trevor Bolder – bass
Mick Woodmansey – drums
Mike Garson – piano
Brian "Bux" Wilshaw – flute
Ken Scott – production
Live versions
It was recorded at the farewell concert at the Hammersmith Odeon, London, on , later released on Ziggy Stardust: The Motion Picture.
The live version recorded for The 1980 Floor Show on was released on the semi-legal album Rarestonebowie in 1994.
A live version from the first leg of the Diamond Dogs Tour was released as a bonus track on the Rykodisc release of David Live in 1990. The 2005 reissue of David Live inserted "Time" into its correct position in the concert track listing.
A live recording from the second leg of the same tour was released in 2017 on Cracked Actor (Live Los Angeles '74).
The song was performed live during the Glass Spider Tour, released on the Glass Spider (1988) concert video, and appeared again on the 2007 Special Edition (recorded at the Montreal Olympic Stadium on 30 August 1987).
Other releases
It appeared on the Japanese compilation The Best of David Bowie.
The single edit of the song was released on the bonus disc of the Aladdin Sane – 30th Anniversary Edition, in 2003, and on Re:Call 1, part of the Five Years (1969–1973) boxed set, in 2015.
Cover versions
Cinema Strange – Goth Oddity – A Tribute to David Bowie (1999)
David J's Cabaret Obscura – .2 Contamination: A Tribute to David Bowie (2006)
Momus – Turpsycore (2015)
Rozz Williams – Live recording
J. G. Thirlwell sampled the lines 'Wanking' and 'Falls wanking to the floor' for 'Self Destruction, Final', his remix of Nine Inch Nails' 'Mr. Self Destruct', which appears in Further Down the Spiral (1995)
Notes
References
Sources
1973 singles
David Bowie songs
Songs written by David Bowie
Song recordings produced by Ken Scott
Song recordings produced by David Bowie
LGBT-related songs | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time%20%28David%20Bowie%20song%29 |
Arthur Hilary Armstrong, (13 August 1909 – 16 October 1997) was an English educator and author. Armstrong is recognized as one of the foremost authorities on the philosophical teachings of Plotinus (ca. 205–270 CE). His multi-volume translation of the philosopher's teachings is regarded as an essential tool of classical studies.
Life
Hilary Armstrong was born in Hove, England. He was the son of W. A. (clergyman) and E. Cripps Armstrong. He married Deborah Wilson in 1933. They had two sons and three daughters. He received a B.A. from Jesus College, Cambridge in 1932 and his M.A. in 1935. He was made a fellow of the British Academy in 1970 and a fellow in the American Catholic Philosophical Association.
Academia
Armstrong began his teaching career in 1936 at University College, Swansea, Wales. His tenure at the university lasted until 1939. He then began teaching at the Royal University of Malta in Valletta as a professor of classics. In 1943, he became a classical sixth form master at Beaumont College, Old Windsor, Berkshire, England. Three years later, in 1946, he relocated to Cardiff University to take up the position of lecturer in Latin. From 1950 to 1972 he served as the Gladstone Professor of Greek at University of Liverpool in Liverpool, England, being appointed professor emeritus upon retirement in 1972.
From 1970 to 1971, Armstrong was a Killam Senior Fellow at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. He held a visiting professorship of classics and philosophy at the university from 1972. He was also named a visiting professor at Manhattanville College in 1966. He was a founding editor of Dionysius, together with J. A. Doull and R. D. Crouse.
According to A A Long, "Armstrong changed the subject of ancient philosophy by devoting much of his long life to promoting study of the Neoplatonist philosopher Plotinus". A A Long also commented that "as well as being a leading scholar of ancient philosophy, Armstrong was a devout, active, and increasingly idiosyncratic Christian; or perhaps better, a free-thinking Christian Platonist. His religious outlook, catholic with a small c (though he espoused Roman Catholicism for much of his life), consistently informed his view of Plotinus."
In 1973, he was awarded the Aquinas Medal from the American Catholic Philosophical Association.
Works
The Architecture of the Intelligible Universe in the Philosophy of Plotinus: An Analytical and Historical Study, Cambridge University Press, 1940.
Plotinus, (as Translator) Allen & Unwin, 1953, Collier, 1962. In 2012 this was reissued in electronic form.
An Introduction to Ancient Philosophy, Methuen, 1947, 4th edition, Methuen, 1966.
Christian Faith and Greek Philosophy, (with R. A. Markus) Darton, Longman & Todd, 1960, Sheed, 1964.
Re-discovering Eastern Christendom: Essays in Commemoration of Dom Bede Winslow, (Editor with E.J.B. Fry), Darton, Longman & Todd, 1963.
Plotinus, seven volumes, (as Translator), Harvard University Press, 1966–1988.
St. Augustine and Christian Platonism, Villanova University Press, 1967.
The Cambridge History of Later Greek and Early Medieval Philosophy, (as Editor), Cambridge University Press, 1967.
The Church of England, the Methodists and Society: 1700 to 1850, Rowman & Littlefield, 1973.
Greek philosophy and Christianity, in The Legacy of Greece, a New appraisal (Moses I Finley Editor), Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1981.
Journals
Classical Quarterly
Mind
Journal of Hellenic Studies
Journal of Theological Studies
Downside Review
Dionysius
See also
John M. Dillon
Stephen MacKenna
References
Further reading
Contemporary Authors Online, Thomson Gale, 2003. Last Updated 10/28/2003. Date Accessed 2/23/2006.
Long, Anthony Arthur, "Arthur Hilary Armstrong, 1909-1997", Proceedings of the British Academy, 120, 3–17, The British Academy, 2003.
1909 births
1997 deaths
British scholars of ancient Greek philosophy
Philosophy academics
English historians of philosophy
Alumni of Jesus College, Cambridge
Academics of Swansea University
Academics of Cardiff University
Academics of the University of Liverpool
Fellows of the British Academy
English Roman Catholics
Translators of philosophy
20th-century translators | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A.%20H.%20Armstrong |
Jesús Miguel Rollán Prada (4 April 1968 – 11 March 2006) was a water polo goalkeeper from Spain who was a member of the national team that won the gold medal at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia.
Four years earlier, when Barcelona hosted the Summer Olympics, he was on the squad that captured the silver medal. Born in Madrid, Rollán competed in five Summer Olympics, starting in 1988. He is among four Spanish water polo players, all in the 1992 and 1996 medal winning teams, to have competed at five Olympics, the others being Manuel Estiarte, Chiqui Sans and Chava Gomez. Rollán is the first water polo goalkeeper of either gender to compete at five Olympics.
He was also known as a close friend of Infanta Cristina, whom he introduced to her future husband Iñaki Urdangarin.
On 11 March 2006, three weeks and three days before his 38th birthday, Rollán died after a fall from a terrace at a spa near Barcelona. He was at the spa receiving treatment for depression. The fees for the spa were being paid for by the Spanish Olympic Committee.
See also
Spain men's Olympic water polo team records and statistics
List of athletes with the most appearances at Olympic Games
List of players who have appeared in multiple men's Olympic water polo tournaments
List of Olympic champions in men's water polo
List of Olympic medalists in water polo (men)
List of men's Olympic water polo tournament goalkeepers
List of world champions in men's water polo
List of World Aquatics Championships medalists in water polo
List of members of the International Swimming Hall of Fame
References
External links
1968 births
2006 suicides
2006 deaths
Sportspeople from Madrid
Spanish male water polo players
Water polo goalkeepers
Water polo players at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for Spain in water polo
Olympic silver medalists for Spain in water polo
World Aquatics Championships medalists in water polo
Suicides by jumping in Spain
Water polo players from the Community of Madrid
Spanish expatriate sportspeople in Italy
Expatriate water polo players | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jes%C3%BAs%20Roll%C3%A1n |
Auchlyne (Scottish Gaelic: Achadh Loinne) is a small hamlet in Stirling, Scotland. It is located approximately five miles west of Killin on Loch Tay, off the main A85 road that runs from Perth to Oban.
It consists of 3 houses, a large mansion house (complete with adjoining servants quarters, walled garden and kennels) and a farm, and has 10 permanent residents.
There is also an Auchlyne in Guyana. It is unknown if there is any direct link. It is likely that Auchlyne, Guyana was named by a Scot, since Auchlyne is a typical Gaelic-derived name. There is also an Auchlyne Estate, which is governed by the Scottish Congregational Church.
Toponymy
The name "Auchlyne" comes from the Gaelic Achadh Loinne. Achadh means "field", whereas Loinne may mean "stack-yard" (in Perthshire Gaelic) or "in good condition / appearance". Historically, the name may have been "Achline" or "Auchlin".
Location
Auchlyne is located on the North side of Glen Dochart where the flat river plain gives way to the Breadalbane Hills. It is bracketed by the West Auchlyne Burn to the west and the East Auchlyne Burn to the east. Auchlyne is in Breadalbane, from the Gaelic Bràid Albainn or Bràghad Albainn, meaning "the upper part of Alba or Scotland".
Nearby settlements are Auchessan (Achadh an Easan, possibly "the field with the little waterfall"), Ardchyle (Ard Choille, meaning "high wood"), 1867 Map, Liangarstan, Ledcharrie (image, with Innishewan in the distance), Croftchoes, Suie (meaning "seat"), Luib (meaning "bend"; the River Dochart does make an S-bend below Luib), Bovain (Both Mheadhain, meaning "the middle hut", lying as it does near halfway between Auchlyne and Killin. From the 14th century, Bovain was the seat of the Chief of the Clan MacNab) and Leskine. A right of way leads from Ledcharrie over the hill to Balquhidder, seat of the Clan MacLaren and home to Rob Roy MacGregor. At the foot of Ben More, near Auchessan is a cottage which supposedly belonged to Rob Roy MacGregor.
The two burns that enclose Auchlyne are part of the Killin section of the Breadalbane Hydro-Electric Scheme, which takes almost the entire runoff from the East and West Auchlyne burn catchment areas and transports it to Loch Lyon, two glens to the North of Glen Dochart, through a system of submerged pipes and tunnels through the hillside. A road was created from Auchlyne to allow access to the many small dams that feed the system, and also to enable heavier machinery to gain access to the south end of the tunnel that carries the water through the mountain to Glen Lochy. This scheme was completed in 1961. The Hydroboard were granted permission to create the road by the owners of the estate, in return for free use of the road by the estate.
History
The mansion house, built by the Third Earl of Breadalbane, from whom it could be rented, dates from 1760. In the fields below Auchlyne Farm are the ruins of a chapel, which is also marked as a burial ground on Ordnance Survey maps. There is also a burial ground site on a mound below Suie. There are numerous disused and ruined croft buildings in the hills and moors around Auchlyne.
Of the three houses in Auchlyne, one, the Old Keepers cottage, has been extensively extended and remodelled since its current owner, the owner of Auchlyne Estate, moved in over 30 years ago. The Old Keepers cottage can be seen in its original guise in one of the St Andrews University Archive pictures. The remaining two houses are modern bungalows, one of which is home to current keeper.
In 1824, the estate caught the eye of Sir Humphry Davy the chemist. The Royal Institution of Great Britain retain a letter copied by his brother John Davy in which Humphry expressed his interest in the estate.
Papers in the National Archives suggest that Auchlyne was one of over thirty properties either owned or leased by the Grenville family, Dukes of Buckingham, who evidently commissioned a household inventory and valuation in 1847, which is retained by the National Archives of Scotland. There is also reference to Auchlyne in an item in a catalogue of 1848, which details the receipt by the Dukes of Buckingham and Chandos, under the title "Marquis of Chandos", of a powder flask and shot-belt from some "obliged friends" in August 1837, no doubt after a days grouse shooting on or after the Glorious Twelfth. These dates suggest that the 1847 inventory and valuation was in preparation for the 1848 sale. The sale was necessary due to the combined extravagances and follies of the first and second Dukes.
Auchlyne House was rented in 1858 by "The Black Prince", as the Perthshire locals called Maharajah Duleep Singh, the first Indian prince to visit Scotland. His father was Ranjit Singh, the legendary Lion of the Punjab, who ruled the Sikh kingdom in India. He took Auchlyne from Lord Breadalbane when his lease of Castle Menzies expired, but in 1860 moved to England.
The mansion house on the Breadalbane Estate was rented by Mr John M. Crabbie, of Crabbie's Green Ginger fame, in 1888. It was rented later, in 1893, by John Crabbie's son, a Captain Crabbe. The discrepancy in the surnames arose because Captain Crabbe had to change his name after being blackballed from the New Club in Edinburgh because his family were in trade. The Crabbe family bought the property and have lived there since.
Breadalbane, the region in which Auchlyne is located, was home to the Campbells of Breadalbane.
Auchlyne and Suie Estates
Auchlyne and Suie Estates run to just over 18,000 acres (73 km2), 10,611 acres (43 km2) and 7500 acres (30 km2) respectively) and stretch from Killin to Auchessan on the north side of Glen Dochart (Auchlyne Estate), and from Liangarstan to Ben More on the south side (Suie Estate). It operates both agricultural and sporting operations. On the farming side, there are Blackface and Cheviot flocks, as well as a herd of pedigree Highland cattle, the Benmore Fold, based at Innishewan Farm. On the sporting side, the estate offers red deer stalking, trout and salmon fishing and walked-up red grouse shooting. The remains of the driven grouse butts can still be seen on Auchlyne.
The family still lives in the mansion house at Auchlyne and runs the estate to this day.
References
External links
St Andrews University Photo Archive for Auchlyne
Pictures of Auchlyne House
Auchlyne House / Contents Valuation, 1847
Old Maps from the Area
Place Names
Old Keepers Cottage (image), R. M. Adam, 1937
Breadalbane Surnames
Hamlets in Stirling (council area) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auchlyne |
A Man on the Moon: The Voyages of the Apollo Astronauts is a 1994 book by Andrew Chaikin. It describes the 1968-1972 voyages of the Apollo program astronauts in detail, from Apollo 8 to 17.
"A decade in the making, this book is based on hundreds of hours of in-depth interviews with each of the twenty-four moon voyagers, as well as those who contributed their brain power, training and teamwork on Earth."
This book formed the basis of the 1998 television miniseries From the Earth to the Moon. It was released in paperback in 2007 by Penguin Books, .
See also
First Man: The Life of Neil A. Armstrong
Carrying the Fire the autobiography of the Gemini 10 and Apollo 11 astronaut Michael Collins
One Giant Leap, a 2019 book
References
1994 non-fiction books
Spaceflight books
Books about the Apollo program | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%20Man%20on%20the%20Moon |
A lug nut or wheel nut is a fastener, specifically a nut, used to secure a wheel on a vehicle. Typically, lug nuts are found on automobiles, trucks (lorries), and other large vehicles using rubber tires.
Design
A lug nut is a nut fastener with one rounded or conical (tapered) end, used on steel and most aluminum wheels. A set of lug nuts is typically used to secure a wheel to threaded wheel studs and thereby to a vehicle's axles.
Some designs (Audi, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Saab, Volkswagen) use lug bolts or wheel bolts instead of nuts, which screw into a tapped (threaded) hole in the wheel's hub or brake drum or brake disc.
The conical lug's taper is normally 60 degrees (although 45 degrees is common for wheels designed for racing applications), and is designed to help center the wheel accurately on the axle, and to reduce the tendency for the nut to loosen due to fretting induced precession, as the car is driven. One popular alternative to the conical lug seating design is the rounded, hemispherical, or ball seat. Automotive manufacturers such as Audi, BMW, and Honda use this design rather than a tapered seat, but the nut performs the same function. Older style (non-ferrous) alloy wheels use nuts with a cylindrical shank slipping into the wheel to center it and a washer that applies pressure to clamp the wheel to the axle.
Wheel lug nuts may have different shapes. Aftermarket alloy and forged wheels often require specific lug nuts to match their mounting holes, so it is often necessary to get a new set of lug nuts when the wheels are changed.
There are four common lug nut types:
cone seat
bulge cone seat
under hub cap
spline drive.
The lug nut thread type varies between car brands and models. Examples of commonly used metric threads include:
M10×1.25 mm
M12 (1.25, 1.5 or 1.75 mm thread pitch, with M12x1.5 mm being the most common)
M14 (1.25, 1.5 or 2 mm pitch, with M14×1.5 mm being the most common)
M16×1.5 mm
Some older American cars use inch threads, for example ″-20 (11.1 mm), ″-20 (12.7 mm), or ″-20 (14.3 mm).
Removal and installation
Lug nuts may be removed using a lug, socket, or impact wrench. If the wheel is to be removed, an automotive jack to raise the vehicle and some wheel chocks would be used as well. Wheels that have hubcaps or wheel covers need these removed beforehand, typically with a screwdriver, flatbar, or prybar. Lug nuts can be difficult to remove, as they may become frozen to the wheel stud. In such cases a breaker bar or repeated blows from an impact wrench can be used to free them. Alternating between tightening and loosening can free especially stubborn lug nuts.
Lug nuts must be installed in an alternating pattern, commonly referred to as a star pattern. This ensures a uniform distribution of load across the wheel mounting surface. When installing lug nuts, it is recommended to tighten them with a calibrated torque wrench. While a lug, socket, or impact wrench may be used to tighten lug nuts, the final tightening should be performed by a torque wrench, ensuring an accurate and adequate load is applied. Torque specifications vary by vehicle and wheel type. Both vehicle and wheel manufacturers provide recommended torque values which should be consulted when an installation is done. Failure to abide by the recommended torque value can result in damage to the wheel and brake rotor/drum. Additionally, under-tightened lug nuts may come loose with time.
The tool size needed for removal and installation depends on the type of lug nut. The three most common hex sizes for lug nuts are 17 mm, 19 mm, and 21 mm, while 22 mm, 23 mm, inch (17.5 mm), and inch (20.6 mm) are less commonly used.
Detecting loose nuts
In order to allow early detection of loose lug nuts, some large vehicles are fitted with loose wheel nut indicators. The indicator spins with the nut so that loosening can be detected with a visual inspection.
Anti-theft nuts or bolts
In countries where the theft of alloy wheels is a serious problem, locking nuts (or bolts, as applicable) are available - or already fitted by the vehicle manufacturer - which require a special adaptor ("key") between the nut and the wrench to fit and remove. The key is normally unique to each set of nuts. Only one locking nut per wheel is normally used, so they are sold in sets of four. Most designs can be defeated using a hardened removal tool which uses a left-hand self-cutting thread to grip the locking nut, although more advanced designs have a spinning outer ring to frustrate such techniques. An older technique for removal was to simply hammer a slightly smaller socket over the locking wheel nut to be able to remove it. However, with the newer design of locking wheel nuts this is no longer possible. Removal nowadays requires special equipment that is not available to the general public. This helps to prevent thieves from obtaining the tools to be able to remove the lock nuts themselves.
History
In the United States, vehicles manufactured prior to 1975 by the Chrysler Corporation used left-hand and right-hand screw thread for different sides of the vehicle to prevent loosening. Most Buicks, Pontiacs, and Oldsmobiles used both left-handed and right-handed lug nuts prior to model year 1965. It was later realized that the taper seat performed the same function. Most modern vehicles use right-hand threads on all wheels.
See also
Center cap
Wheel sizing
References
External links
Nuts (hardware)
Vehicle parts | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lug%20nut |
Joe Wicks is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera EastEnders, played by Paul Nicholls. He appears on screen between 25 March 1996 and 14 November 1997. EastEnders was praised for the character's portrayal of schizophrenia.
Storylines
Joe arrives in Albert Square from Bolton in 1996, looking for his father, David Wicks (Michael French), following the death of his sister Karen in a car crash. At first, David rejects his son, and sends him home. However, after Joe runs away again and turns up at David's, he becomes more receptive. Eventually Joe and his mother Lorraine (Jacqueline Leonard) move to London and Joe moves in with David. Karen's death has seriously affected Joe and he blames himself because the day Karen died, they had had an argument over who would sit in the front seat of the car. Joe won and Karen was in the back when a lorry crashed into the car. Karen was badly injured and died whilst Joe escaped with minor injuries. This leads to Joe developing schizophrenia and exhibiting increasingly strange behaviour. Whilst suffering from schizophrenia, Joe attempts suicide and hides Nellie Ellis's (Elizabeth Kelly) dead cat Mandoo in a box in his bedroom and shocks his father when he covers his room with old newspaper articles relating to aliens.
While in Walford, Joe gets engaged to Sarah Hills (Daniela Denby-Ashe) but has a one-night stand with his second cousin, Mary Flaherty (Melanie Clark Pullen). This makes him realise that he is too young to get married, so he calls off the engagement. He and his mother, Lorraine, leave in 1997, returning to Bolton although Joe reportedly reconciles with Sarah many years later. In 2012, when David visits his mother, Pat (Pam St. Clement), he tells her that Joe has a girlfriend who has children and that he stayed with them for a while but it did not work out. However, when David is arguing with Carol Jackson (Lindsey Coulson), it is revealed that Joe and David have lost contact and he has no address for his son.
Creation and development
EastEnders story editor, Ian Aldwinkle, decided to introduce a character with schizophrenia after working on the drama series Casualty, which featured violent and dramatic incidents involving people with the illness, but only focussed on the medical side. Aldwinkle researched the illness and says he was shocked to discover that it affects one in 100 people, but it was rarely spoken about. He said: "Because it has a continuing storyline, EastEnders was able to look at the effect that schizophrenia has on a family and on individual relationships. I wanted to humanise it and look at the emotional impact it has on people." He said he hoped that the storyline would be helpful, saying "It seems to me that mental illness is one of the last subjects that you can still make jokes about without being labelled politically incorrect, and that seems wrong. If I get just one letter from one person saying that the character of Joe Wicks has helped to change their life for the better, then I will be pleased."
EastEnders worked closely with experts from the National Schizophrenia Fellowship to make the plot as accurate as possible. Gary Hogman of the fellowship said "It was the largest ever schizophrenia awareness initiative, reaching an audience of 10 million people three times a week. People could watch Joe going through the motions. We showed things were not so bad and how you could get help. There is so much misinformation about schizophrenia with the media focusing on extreme cases. And Joe was a handsome young man, not a spotty loner. He showed that schizophrenia can happen to anyone and made it easier for people to talk about it."
The National Schizophrenia Fellowship contacted mental health organisations in other countries to brief them on how they could use the storyline to raise awareness.
In January 2012, Nicholls told the Press Association that he cannot remember his time on EastEnders as Joe. The actor said "I can't really remember it. It's really weird. I remember driving to work and being on set a few times, but if I ever look back now, it's just blank. I just can't really remember being in it. I do recall coming out of EastEnders and the attention dying down 50% in the first six months, and then a couple of years later it was 95%."
Reception
Andy Bell, of the Sainsbury Centre for Mental Health, criticised TV and films for portraying schizophrenia patients as a stereotype of a person who is in a hopeless situation, but said EastEnders "broke the mould", saying "It was an excellent storyline, and, importantly for us, was very well-handled."
The storyline prompted thousands of calls from sufferers and their families to the National Schizophrenia Fellowship, who said that the story broke society's taboo on talking about the illness and praised the sensitive way in which the illness was portrayed. The fellowship said the story did more to break the stigma attached to schizophrenia than any number of worthy media appeals. The fellowship's chief executive Bharat Mehta, said that EastEnders helped to destroy the myths that schizophrenia meant that a person had a split personality and that the illness was likely to make them violent.
Matthew Bayliss of The Guardian said that Joe's schizophrenia earned EastEnders much acclaim because he was David's son and Pat's grandson: "His illness affected people we knew and cared about, so its key scenes were charged with emotion." Nicholls' role as Joe saw him nominated 'Most Popular Newcomer' in the 1996 National Television Awards, and 'Most Popular Actor' the following year.
The character's exit from the soap was viewed by 22 million people.
References
External links
EastEnders characters
Fictional characters with schizophrenia
Television characters introduced in 1996
British male characters in television
Beale family (EastEnders) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe%20Wicks%20%28EastEnders%29 |
Atwar Bahjat (; 7 June 1976 – 22 February 2006) was an Iraqi journalist. Initially a reporter for Iraq's state-controlled television under Saddam Hussein, Bahjat became a popular television correspondent for al-Jazeera and later al-Arabiya following the US invasion of Iraq. On 22 February 2006, Bahjat was hunted down and shot in cold blood along with her colleagues Adnan Al Dulaimi and Khalid Al Fellahi while covering a story in Samarra.
Life and career
Bahjat was born in Samarra. Her mother was a Shia and her father a Sunni. Bahjat began her career working as a reporter in the culture department at Iraqi Satellite Television during the rule of Saddam Hussein.
Following the US invasion of Iraq, she began work at al-Jazeera. Initially assigned to culture stories, she persisted in her reporting and was eventually assigned to political coverage of the Governing Council. She was the first to report from the scene about the 2003 looting of the National Museum of Iraq. On another occasion, she was detained overnight by the US military. She later persuaded her editors to send her to cover the 2004 fighting in Najaf, broadcasting live shots from rooftops even after the killing of her colleague Rasheed Wali on a rooftop by US military gunfire.
In the last three weeks of her life she became a television reporter for al-Arabiya. Prior to her death, she was one of the best-known television journalists in the country.
Murder
On 22 February 2006, the Shia Al Askari Mosque in Samarra was hit by a bomb attack, which triggered waves of retaliatory violence between Sunnis and Shias. Bahjat persuaded her editors to let her travel to the scene.
Bahjat and a four-man crew were broadcasting outside of Samarra, surrounded by a crowd of civilians when, according to the sole survivor of the team, two gunmen arrived in a pickup truck and fired shots in the air, chasing away the crowd. One of the attackers shouted, "We want the correspondent" and the two began immediately firing on the journalists who fled as they were being shot at with heavy gunfire.
The official government story of what happened next and who the perpetrators were has changed three times in the last decade and is fiercely contested by both Atwar's family and the families of her colleagues. According to the government's official story Bahjat, Al Dulaimi and Al Fellahi were then abducted by three Sunni brothers—Yasser, Abdallah and Mohsen al-Takhi— and driven to a side street, where Mohsen and Abdallah shot Mahmoud and Khairallah, and Yasser raped and shot Bahjat. The bodies were found later that day. The victims' families, who retrieved the bodies from Samarra and interviewed the sole survivor and local police, say the government's account is contradicted by eyewitnesses and medical reports, they state categorically that Atwar was not raped, and say the tragedy is being politicized to further divide the nation Atwar loved so much.
On Saturday, 25 February, Atwar's funeral procession was attacked twice, first by gunmen who opened fire on Interior Ministry Commandos accompanying the procession, and later by a roadside bomb targeting the Commandos as the funeral cortege returned from the cemetery. At least three security personnel were killed in the attacks on her funeral and four people were injured.
Investigation
On 7 May 2006, the UK Sunday Times published an article by Hala Jaber, in which she describes watching a video of Bahjat being stripped of her clothing and beheaded. The video was later proven to show the murder of a Nepalese man by The Army of Ansar al-Sunna in August 2004. On 28 May 2006 The Sunday Times retracted the story, saying it had been the victim of a hoax.
In 2009, Yasser al-Takhi was captured along with his brothers and forced to make a videotape confession to Bahjat's rape and murder which was then televised to the nation on Iraqi Television. He was sentenced to death by hanging in a trial criticized by Amnesty International as falling short of international standards given the Iraqi government's routine use of torture to extract confessions. On 16 November 2011 Al Takhi was hanged.
Posthumous recognition
In 2006, the Committee to Protect Journalists posthumously awarded an International Press Freedom Award to Bahjat. Bahjat was also recognized posthumously by the Nieman Foundation for Journalism of Harvard University, which awarded her its Louis Lyons Award.
Megan K. Stack's Every Man in This Village Is a Liar: An Education in War, a finalist for the 2010 National Book Award for Nonfiction, has a section devoted to Bahjat.
References
1976 births
2006 deaths
Iraqi journalists
Iraqi television presenters
Journalists killed while covering the Iraq War
Iraqi women journalists
Al Arabiya people
Iraqi women television presenters
20th-century journalists | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atwar%20Bahjat |
Alexander S. Wilson (December 1, 1907 – December 9, 1994) was a Canadian sprinter who competed in both the 1928 Summer Olympics and the 1932 Summer Olympics. He was born in Montreal and died in Mission, Texas, United States.
In 1928 he won a bronze medal with the Canadian team in the 4 × 400 metres relay event. In the 400 metre competition as well as in the 800 metre contest he was eliminated in the semi-finals. Four years later, he won the silver medal in the 800 metre event and the bronze medal in the 400 metre competition. With the Canadian team he won another bronze medal in the 4 × 400 metre relay contest.
At the 1930 British Empire Games (now the Commonwealth Games) he won the gold medal in the 440 yards event and the bronze medal in the 880 yards competition. With the Canadian relay team he won the silver medal in the 4 × 440 yards contest. He was a track and field athlete at the University of Notre Dame and the Alex Wilson Invitational was named for him because he went on to coach the track and field team for several decades. At Notre Dame he won the 400 meter NCAA Outdoor Championship in 1932.
Awards
Canadian Track Hall of Fame (1954)
Helms Athletic Foundation Hall of Fame (1967)
National Collegiate Athletic Association Cross Country Coaches Association National Coach of the Year (1972)
US Track & Field & Cross Country Coaches Association Hall of Fame (2008)
References
External links
Alex Wilson the greatest sprinter
1907 births
1994 deaths
Anglophone Quebec people
Athletes from Montreal
Athletes (track and field) at the 1928 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1930 British Empire Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Canadian expatriate sportspeople in the United States
Canadian male middle-distance runners
Canadian people of British descent
Canadian male sprinters
Commonwealth Games bronze medallists for Canada
Commonwealth Games gold medallists for Canada
Commonwealth Games silver medallists for Canada
Commonwealth Games medallists in athletics
Olympic bronze medalists for Canada
Olympic silver medalists for Canada
Olympic track and field athletes for Canada
Notre Dame Fighting Irish men's track and field athletes
Medalists at the 1928 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Olympic silver medalists in athletics (track and field)
Olympic bronze medalists in athletics (track and field)
Medallists at the 1930 British Empire Games | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alex%20Wilson%20%28Canadian%20sprinter%29 |
Bernardino Herrera Casanueva (born 15 October 1977 in Santander, Cantabria) is a field hockey goalkeeper from Spain. He earned his first cap for the Men's National Team in 1998 during the Champions Trophy tournament in Lahore, Pakistan. He is also the husband of the female hockey star Silvia Muñoz.
Herrera competed in two Summer Olympics for his native country, starting in 2000. There he finished in ninth position, followed by the fourth place in Athens. The goalie of Club de Campo Villa de Madrid won the title at the Champions Trophy in Lahore, and at the 2005 Men's Hockey European Nations Cup in Leipzig.
External links
Profile on Athens 2004-website
1977 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Santander, Spain
Field hockey players from Cantabria
Spanish male field hockey players
Male field hockey goalkeepers
Olympic field hockey players for Spain
Field hockey players at the 2000 Summer Olympics
2002 Men's Hockey World Cup players
Field hockey players at the 2004 Summer Olympics
2006 Men's Hockey World Cup players
Club de Campo Villa de Madrid players | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardino%20Herrera |
Nodar Kancheli (21 April 1938 – 26 June 2015) was a Russian architect who designed a number of facilities including the Transvaal Park water park in Yasenevo and Basmanny Market. These two structures collapsed, killing a total of at least 89 people.
References
External links
31 dead in Moscow roof collapse
Russian architects: Nodar V. Kancheli
1938 births
2015 deaths
Russian architects
Russian people of Georgian descent | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nodar%20Kancheli |
The qualifying competition for UEFA Euro 1992 was a series of parallel association football competitions to be held over 1990 and 1991 to decide the qualifiers for UEFA Euro 1992, to be held in Sweden. The draw for the qualifying rounds was held on 2 February 1990.
There were a total of seven groups. At the conclusion of qualifying, the team at the top of each group qualified for the final tournament, to join the hosts in completing the eight participants. This was the last European Championship to feature eight teams, as the competition was expanded to 16 teams for 1996.
Qualified teams
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Team
! Qualified as
! Qualified on
! data-sort-type="number"|Previous appearances in tournament
|-
| || || || 0 (debut)
|-
| || Group 1 winner || || 2 (1960, 1984)
|-
| || Group 7 winner || || 3 (1968, 1980, 1988)
|-
| || Group 3 winner || || 5 (1960, 1964, 1968, 1972, 1988)
|-
| || Group 2 winner || || 0 (debut)
|-
| || Group 5 winner || || 5 (1972, 1976, 1980, 1984, 1988)
|-
| || Group 6 winner || || 3 (1976, 1980, 1988)
|-
| || Group 4 runner-up || || 3 (1964, 1984, 1988)
|}
Seedings
The draw took place on 2 February 1990. Sweden qualified automatically as hosts of the competition, and 34 teams entered the draw, with the Faroe Islands and San Marino participating in a European qualifying tournament for the first time.
Following German reunification on 3 October 1990, East Germany were withdrawn since the country ceased to exist: the newly unified German team took over the fixtures of West Germany, while those of East Germany were scratched.
The qualifiers thus consisted of 33 teams divided into seven groups (two of four teams and five of five teams) were played in 1990 and 1991. Each group winner progressed to the finals. This was the last European Championship qualifying phase which awarded two points for a win; from 1996 onward, teams earned 3 points for a win.
Summary
Tiebreakers
If two or more teams finished level on points after completion of the group matches, the following tie-breakers were used to determine the final ranking:
Greater number of points in all group matches
Goal difference in all group matches
Greater number of goals scored in all group matches
Drawing of lots
Groups
Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
Group 4
Group 5
East Germany were originally drawn into this group alongside West Germany, but after reunification, a single German team participated in the qualification process, taking over the fixtures of West Germany.
Subsequently, East Germany's game on 12 September 1990 against Belgium was reclassified as a friendly, and was also East Germany's final international match, which it won 2–0: the remaining seven fixtures of East Germany were scratched.
Group 6
Group 7
Goalscorers
Notes
References
External links
UEFA Euro 1992 at UEFA.com
Qualifying
1992
UEFA Euro 1992 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UEFA%20Euro%201992%20qualifying |
Frederick William Dickens (4 July 1820 – 20 October 1868) was the son of John and Elizabeth Dickens and was Charles Dickens's younger brother, who lived with Charles when he moved on to Furnival's Inn in 1834. He was the inspiration for two different Freds in his brother's books: the jovial nephew of Ebenezer Scrooge in A Christmas Carol and the dissolute brother of Little Nell in The Old Curiosity Shop.
Biography
While Fred was a child and a youth, Charles Dickens often described him as his favourite brother, showing great concern for his welfare. As a boy, Fred attended a school in Hampstead with his brother Alfred for two years, until their father, John Dickens, could no longer afford the fees. At the end of the school day, the boys would be collected by their older brother, Charles. On 20 February 1824, John Dickens was imprisoned in the Marshalsea Debtors' Prison for debt under the Insolvent Debtor's Act of 1813, because he owed a baker, James Kerr, £40 and 10 shillings. His wife, Elizabeth Barrow, and her three youngest children, including the four-year-old Fred, joined her husband in the Marshalsea in April 1824. John Dickens was released after three months, on 28 May 1824. In 1834, Fred went to live with his brother Charles when he moved into three-room chambers in Furnival's Inn. Fred went to live with Charles and his wife, Catherine Dickens, and their young family in their Doughty Street home and resided with them for a number of years.
When Charles and Catherine Dickens visited the United States in 1842, Fred Dickens remained in London and looked after his young nephews and nieces. Charles Dickens also helped Fred to find employment, firstly with a publisher and later in 1839 with the Treasury.
When Charles Dickens and his family visited Italy in 1843, Fred joined them for a period, but his visit almost turned to tragedy when he got into difficulties while swimming in the sea and had to be rescued by local fishermen. In 1845, the 25-year-old Fred Dickens fell in love with 15-year-old Anna Weller, a match that Charles disapproved of, as he did not trust the girl. His attitude caused a breach between the brothers, Charles believing by now that Fred possessed all the worst qualities of their father. Fred married Anna on 30 December 1848 despite Charles's misgivings, but in 1858 the couple applied for a judicial separation on the grounds of adultery. Anna was granted alimony, which Fred Dickens refused to pay, leaving the country. On his return in 1862, he was arrested and imprisoned for debt. Like his father before him, who had also been imprisoned for debt, Fred had gained credit from various sources by trading on his brother's fame, "...rasping my very heart," Charles Dickens stated. Fred became the inspiration for the dissolute brother of Little Nell, also named Fred, in The Old Curiosity Shop. During the period Charles was writing the novel, Fred Dickens had been obtaining money from his brother's friends and even tried to get money from Charles himself, who refused to help. On the day of his birthday Charles received a letter from Fred which said, "I cannot help saying that the tone of your letter is as cold & unfeeling as one Man could pen to another – much less one Brother to another... the world fancy from your writings that you are the most Tolerant of Men – let them individually come under your lash...& God help them..."
Fred spent the last years of his life as an alcoholic. After the separation from his wife, he moved to Darlington in the north-east of England, where he lived in the home of a retired innkeeper whom he had known in London. Living in poverty, people who knew him in his final days said that his only sustenance was a penny bun a day with a little ginger beer with gin added. Fred died at age 48 of asphyxia caused by a burst abscess on his lung. To his friend John Forster, Charles lamented Fred's "wasted life... but God forbid that one should be hard upon it, or upon anything in this world that is not deliberately and coldly wrong...". Unable to attend the funeral himself, Charles sent his oldest son, Charles Dickens, Jr., to represent the family. He also contributed to the cost of the funeral.
Frederick Dickens is buried in Darlington, within the grounds of the town's West Cemetery.
Siblings of Frederick Dickens
Frances (Fanny) Elizabeth Dickens (1810–1848)
Charles John Huffam Dickens (1812–1870)
Letitia Dickens (1816–1893)
Harriet Dickens (1819–1824)
Alfred Lamert Dickens (1822–1860)
Augustus Newnham Dickens (1827–1866)
References
External links
Fred Dickens on Charles Dickens Biography, Life, Books and his work on Literature
Charles Dickens: Family and Friends
Frederick Dickens: From Courtship to Courtroom Sidney P. Moss & Carolyn J. Moss
Frederick Dickens: Grave in West Cemetery, Darlington
1820 births
1868 deaths
Charles Dickens
People from London | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick%20Dickens |
Shipton-under-Wychwood is a village and civil parish in the Evenlode valley about north of Burford, in the West Oxfordshire district, in the county of Oxfordshire, England. The village is one of three named after the ancient forest of Wychwood. The others are Milton-under-Wychwood immediately to the west of the village and Ascott-under-Wychwood about to the east. The 2011 Census recorded Shipton-under-Wychwood's parish population as 1,244.
Manors
Langley
About southeast of the village is the farmhouse of Langley, a largely mid-19th-century building. It is on the site of a royal hunting lodge that was built for Henry VII. Most of the Tudor monarchs stayed there when hunting in Wychwood Forest. King James I stayed at Langley in August 1605, and a French servant who died was buried at Shipton. The de Langley family were hereditary keepers of Wychwood Forest, Oxon. The office carried with it the tenancy of the manor of Langley in Shipton-under-Wychwood parish. The heir was Simon Verney (d. 1368) whose brother was William Verney of Byfield, Northants., father of Alice Verney, 1st. wife of John Danvers (d. 1449) of Calthorpe, MP for Oxfordshire 1420, 1421, 1423 and 1435. The de Langley family held the manor of Shipton, Oxfordshire, and Richard Lee in his Gleanings of Oxfordshire of 1574 states that these arms of "Gules, 2 bars or in chief 2 buck's heads cabossed of the 2nd" were then displayed in a stained glass window in St. Mary's parish church at Shipton with a tomb under it. The buck's heads seem to be a reference to the de Langley office of forester of Wychwood.
Lacey
Shipton Court, the estate of the Lacey family, was built in about 1603 but sold to Sir Compton Reade in 1663. It passed down in the Reade family until 1868 when, on the death of Sir John Reade, it was left to his footman Joseph Wakefield, on condition that he took the name Reade.
Parish church
The Church of England parish church of St. Mary has a tower built in about 1200–1250, a 15th-century stone pulpit and font and a Tudor wall monument. The architect Richard Pace designed Saint Mary's Rectory, which was built in 1818.
Sports teams
Shipton-under-Wychwood Cricket Club
Founded in 1920, Shipton-under-Wychwood Cricket Club First XI plays in The Home Counties Premier League, and the Second, Third and Fourth XI play in The Oxford Times Cherwell League. The men's first 11 won The National Village Knockout, with the final played at Lord's, in 2002 and 2003. Oscar-winning film director Sam Mendes played in the team that lost in the final of the Knockout in 1997 The First XI won the National Village Knockout at Lords in 2002 and 2003, and was runner-up in 1997 and 2010. It was also Oxfordshire Team of the Year in 2011 after its trip to Lords, winning the Cherwell League title, and winning both the premier Oxfordshire Twenty 20 Competitions, all within 12 months. The club launched its first Ladies team in 2014, after several successful seasons running girls' sides.The Women's first 11 won the Oxfordshire Ladies Championship in 2015.
Economic and social history
William Langland, the conjectured author of Piers Plowman, is known to have been a tenant in Shipton-under-Wychwood where he died. The village has three historic public houses: the Shaven Crown Hotel, The Wychwood and the Lamb Inn. The Shaven Crown Hotel overlooking the village green was once a guest house run by the monks of Bruern Abbey. The present building is mainly 15th century. The former leader of the British Union of Fascists, Sir Oswald Mosley stayed at the hotel after his release from internment in 1943. The Lamb Inn is 16th century and is controlled by Greene King Brewery.
Amenities
Shipton railway station is on the Cotswold Line. Shipton-under-Wychwood is on the Oxfordshire Way footpath, which can be used to walk north-westwards up the Evenlode Valley to Bruern Abbey and Bledington, or eastwards down the valley to Charlbury.
References
Sources
External links
The Wychwood Magazine Online
Villages in Oxfordshire
Civil parishes in Oxfordshire
West Oxfordshire District | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shipton-under-Wychwood |
Ferreries is a municipality on the island of Menorca, in the Spanish autonomous community of the Balearic Islands. Its name is derived from the Catalan word ferrer ("blacksmith"), which in turn, comes from Latin word ferrum. At an elevation of 150 metres it is the island's highest town. Plaça Espanya
See also
Castle of Santa Àgueda
References
External links
Official website
Virtual map of Ferreries
Information from Balearic Institute of Statistics (PDF format)
Municipalities in Menorca
Populated places in Menorca | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferreries |
Navapur is a Municipality and headquarters for Navapur Taluka in Nandurbar district, in the state of Maharashtra, India.
Geography
Navapur municipality is situated on the border with the state of Gujarat. It is approximately 100 km both from Surat and Dhule. Rangavali River passes by Navapur. The railway station of Navapur is built in two states; one half of it is in Maharashtra and the other half is in Gujarat. Even a train which halts at Navapur Railway station is stationed half in Maharashtra and half in Gujarat.
The municipality is overlooked by hills on one side. Navapur is the developing city in Nandurbar district
Economy
Navapur thrives as a marketing and processing town for the surrounding agricultural areas. The municipality has agro based industries such as a sugar factory and toor dal mill as well as other food processing facilities. Rentio foods private ltd. is household name in dal business. Agro based industries and related occupations like animal husbandry and poultry farming are practiced by the people here. Desai Poultry Farm was the first poultry farm founded by Shri Hasu Desai at nearby village called Uchchhal.
Light Bazaar is the shopping place for the villagers surrounding Navapur and Uchchhal
The Golden fruit and vegetable company[G.F.C] was started by Abdul Jalil Abdul Gafur Shaikh, on 20 May 1994 at A.P.M.C Navapur, the vegetables and fruits are supplied to many states like Gujarat, MP and UP from Navapur market, Navapur is famous for fresh vegetables and fruits.
The weekly bazaar is called Shanivari i.e. held on each Saturday..
Transport
Navapur has a railway station. It is also well connected for road transport. State transport buses of Maharashtra and Gujarat are available from Navapur to many cities. Maximum number of buses connect three cities Surat, Nandurbar and Dhule. It is connected with Surat - NH-53. The nearest commercial airport is in Surat.
Demographics
In the 2001 census, the municipality of Navapur had 29,979 inhabitants, with 15,427 males (51.5%) and 14,552 females (48.5%), for a gender ratio of 943 females per thousand males. Nawapur had an average literacy rate of 67%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy was 72%, and female literacy was 62%. In 2001 in Nawapur, 14% of the population was under 6 years of age.
The population is made up of a number of communities, Bhil a tribal community and some Gujarati and Marathi people. People spoke local tribal bhil( ladshi, dogari etc..) languages.
Gujarati is spoken by 18.68% of the population.
Education
The Navapur Education Society has its Gujarati, Marathi and English medium schools and Junior Colleges with Arts, Commerce and Science faculty.
The institution "Adivasi Seva Sahayak Sanstha" provides higher education facilities. Courses including B.A. M.A. B. Com. B.Sc. D. Ed. B.Ed. are available in Marathi and English medium.
Rang Avadhoot College of Commerce is a commerce college in the area in the discipline of Commerce Economics and Accountancy.
Vanvasi utksrh samitee provides primary & yoga education.
Highschool's in Navapur
Shri Shivaji High School & Junior College for Arts, Commerce and Science (Established in 1962)
The N.D. & M. Y. Sarvajanik High school And Sheth H.J. Shah Junior College is a Gujarati medium School run by the Navapur Education Society
Vanita Vidyalaya
Sumanik Vidyalaya
.madrsa Darul ehsan[Arbi and Urdu medium..
sarvajanik Gujarathi Highschool
Haji Musaj Mulla Sarvajnik Urdu Highschool
I.M.Diwan
Smt.S.M.Chokhawala Little Angels' Academy {CBSE Board}
A.K.Balwa Memorial Junior College, Navapur
and so many Marathi primary and English Medium Schools in Navapur
DG Agrawal English Medium School(CBSE)
Iqra national Urdu high school navapur.
4.madrsa Darul ehsan[Arbi].
5 gujrati madhyamic vidyalaya, lakhani park navapur .
6 Vanvasi Utkarsh Samit's Primary School (Marathi Medium)
Notes
Cities and towns in Nandurbar district
Nandurbar district | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navapur |
Silver(I,III) oxide or tetrasilver tetroxide is the inorganic compound with the formula Ag4O4. It is a component of silver zinc batteries. It can be prepared by the slow addition of a silver(I) salt to a persulfate solution e.g. AgNO3 to a Na2S2O8 solution. It adopts an unusual structure, being a mixed-valence compound. It is a dark brown solid that decomposes with evolution of O2 in water. It dissolves in concentrated nitric acid to give brown solutions containing the Ag2+ ion.
Structure
Although its empirical formula, AgO, suggests that the compound tetrasilver tetraoxide has silver in the +2 oxidation state, each unit has two monovalent silver atoms bonded to an oxygen atom, and two trivalent silver atoms bonded to three oxygen atoms, and it is in fact diamagnetic. X-ray diffraction studies show that the silver atoms adopt two different coordination environments, one having two collinear oxide neighbours and the other four coplanar oxide neighbours. tetrasilver tetraoxide is therefore formulated as AgIAgIIIO2 or Ag2O·Ag2O3. It has previously been called silver peroxide, which is incorrect since it does not contain the peroxide ion, O22−.
Uses
Tetrasilver tetroxide has been marketed under a trade name "Tetrasil." In 2010 The FDA issued a warning letter to an American company concerning the firm's marketing of Tetrasil and Genisil ointments of tetrasilver tetroxide for herpes and similar conditions.
References
Silver compounds
Mixed valence compounds
Transition metal oxides | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver%28I%2CIII%29%20oxide |
Javier Bruses Manresa (born May 11, 1979 in Barcelona, Spain) is a field hockey goalkeeper from Spain, who was a member of the Men's National Team that finished fourth at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. The goalie of Real Club de Polo won the title at the Champions Trophy tournament in Lahore (2004), and at the 2005 Men's Hockey European Nations Cup in Leipzig.
Currently playing in the third team of Real Club de Polo Barcelona as a striker, received the golden medal of Real Club de Polo Barcelona for his excellent hockey carrier representing his club.
External links
Profile on Athens 2004-website
1979 births
Living people
Spanish male field hockey players
Male field hockey goalkeepers
Olympic field hockey players for Spain
2002 Men's Hockey World Cup players
Field hockey players at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Field hockey players from Barcelona
Real Club de Polo de Barcelona players | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javier%20Bruses |
Smear may refer to:
A smear test, wherein a sample is smeared over a microscope slide to be studied for any pathology
A smear test usually refers to a pap test, that is, a cervical smear
Smear (card game)
Smear Lake, a lake in Wisconsin
Smear campaign, or smear job, an attack on the reputation of an individual or group making use of disinformation tactics
Smear Campaign (album), an album by Napalm Death
Pat Smear, the guitarist and actor
Smear (optics), motion that degrades sharpness, which is generally linear over the integration time
Colloquial name for a glissando, a glide from one musical pitch to another
Smearing may refer to:
Smearing of an image taken by an astronomical interferometer:
Bandwidth smearing, a chromatic aberration;
Time smearing, a consequence of Earth rotation during the observation;
Smearing (climbing), a technique of rock climbing
Electron smearing, a tool for improving convergence in DFT calculations
See also
Smeared, the debut studio album by Canadian rock band Sloan | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smear |
The TCDD (Turkish Republic Railways) 5701 Class is a class of 2-10-2 side tank steam locomotives for banking at Bilecik. They were the last new main line steam locomotives built for TCDD. Two were built by Henschel in 1951 and two by Arnold Jung Lokomotivfabrik in 1952 based on the German DRG BR 85. The first member of the class, 5701, survives at the Çamlık Railway Museum.
External links
TCDD 5701
2-10-2T locomotives
05701
Henschel locomotives
Steam locomotives of Turkey
Standard gauge locomotives of Turkey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCDD%205701%20Class |
Fowey railway station () was a station in Fowey, Cornwall from 1874 until 1965. The rail connection to the docks at Carne Point remains open for china clay traffic.
History
The Lostwithiel and Fowey Railway (L&FR) had opened as far as Carne Point in 1869 but was never completed to the intended terminus at Fowey. The Cornwall Minerals Railway (CMR) arrived from the opposite direction in 1874. A passenger service from Fowey to via started on 1 June 1874.
The station had two platforms with loading docks and a goods shed at the St Blazey end. It was situated at Caffa Mill Pill on the north side of the town by the River Fowey. Goods trains from St Blazey passed through the station to the jetties where ships could be loaded directly from the wagons.
The L&FR ceased operations at the end of 1879 but on 16 September 1895 a connection was made from the CMR's line to the Lostwithiel line which was refurbished. A passenger service introduced between Fowey and . An intermediate station was opened at on 1 July 1896, on the same day that the Cornwall Minerals Railway was amalgamated into the Great Western Railway.
The advertised passenger service to Newquay was withdrawn on 8 July 1929, although unadvertised workmen's trains continued to run to St Blazey until 29 December 1934. The station was host to a GWR camp coach from 1934 to 1939. A camping coach was also positioned here by the Western Region from 1952 to 1962, the coach was replaced in 1963 by two Pullman camping coaches which were in turn replaced by two larger coaches for a final season in 1964.
The Great Western Railway was nationalised into British Railways on 1 January 1948.
China clay exports
The L&FR built a jetty at Carne Point in 1869 and the CMR built three between Carne Point and their passenger station. A fourth jetty was added before 1919 when double-shift working was introduced to relieve a backlog of export orders and 200 additional railway wagons brought into service. A fifth jetty was completed in 1921 at a cost of £200,000. By 1923 there were eight jetties, numbered 1 to 8 from the station to Carne Point.
By the time that English China Clays took over the facilities in 1968 only five jetties remained in use. The main jetty is number 8, while numbers 4 and 6 could load china clay from rail wagons using conveyors. Number 5 only handled bagged china clay from road vehicles and number 3 handled liquid china clay slurry. Only number 8 is now used for rail traffic. It was modernised in 1988 to allow it to handle the new CDA 32 tonne hopper wagons.
Closure and afterwards
The passenger service to Lostwithiel was withdrawn on 4 January 1965 and the remaining goods traffic from Par ceased on 1 July 1968. The railway was then converted into a private road to bring china clay from Par harbour. Reopening of the Lostwithiel line to passenger services was suggested in 2014.
The station has been demolished and the site is now a car park, although the original station house remains in the dock area.
References
External links
Fowey station on navigable 1946 O. S. map
Disused railway stations in Cornwall
Former Great Western Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1876
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1880
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1895
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1940
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1942
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1965
Beeching closures in England
1876 establishments in England
Fowey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fowey%20railway%20station |
Golant railway station () was opened on 1 July 1896 by the Great Western Railway. It was a simple platform on the waterside at the south end of Golant village, next to a level crossing that gave access to a slipway.
It was the only intermediate station between Lostwithiel and Fowey. The line had been built by the Lostwithiel and Fowey Railway but had fallen into disuse until reopened by the Cornwall Minerals Railway which was amalgamated into the Great Western Railway on the same day that Golant was opened.
The station was unstaffed. The instructions to staff stated that "no luggage is to be labelled to Golant. Passengers who may be travelling from Golant to stations on the main line beyond Lostwithiel must re-book at that station, and have their luggage labelled to their destination at Lostwithiel."
The railway including Golant was closed to passengers through part of the Second World War as Fowey was the main port for loading ammunition for the US 29th Division that landed on Omaha Beach on D Day. There was a munitions siding at Woodgate Pill just north of Golant, originally built for the Great War conflict. In early September 1943 the US forces were unloading an average of 49 wagons of ammunition a day with a peak of 103 wagons in a day. From 6 June 1944 to the end of the month they handled DWT of 13828 tons.
The Great Western Railway was nationalised into British Railways on 1 January 1948. The passenger service was withdrawn on 4 January 1965 and the station subsequently demolished, the space now being used for a small car park.
References
External links
Golant station on navigable 1946 O. S. map
Disused railway stations in Cornwall
Former Great Western Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1896
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1917
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1917
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1940
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1942
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1942
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1944
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1944
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1965
1896 establishments in England
Beeching closures in England | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golant%20railway%20station |
The Western College of Veterinary Medicine (WCVM) is a Canadian veterinary school located in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. It is a college within the University of Saskatchewan.
The Western College of Veterinary Medicine (WCVM) opened in 1965, with the first veterinarians graduating in 1969. WCVM serves the four western provinces of British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba (though the University of Calgary Faculty of Veterinary Medicine opened in 2005 to serve Alberta), as well as the territories of Yukon, Northwest Territories and Nunavut. WCVM was the second of the English-speaking veterinary colleges to be established in Canada.
The college houses the WCVM Veterinary Medical Centre, which comprises both a small animal and a large animal clinic. The clinics serve a dual purpose: providing primary and specialized veterinary services to the public, and being a platform for clinical learning for the veterinary students.
See also
University of Saskatchewan
References
External links
Western College of Veterinary Medicine
Veterinary schools in Canada
Veterinary
Educational institutions established in 1964
1964 establishments in Saskatchewan | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western%20College%20of%20Veterinary%20Medicine |
William Perry Eveland (12 February 1864 – 24 July 1916) was a missionary bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church, elected in 1912 and serving in the U.S. and in Southeast Asia.
He was born 12 February 1864 in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. He began a preaching ministry in 1888, joining the traveling ministry of the Central Pennsylvania Annual Conference of the M.E. Church in 1891. He graduated from Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pennsylvania in 1892.
Prior to his election to the episcopacy, he served as a pastor and an educator. He served as the president of Methodist-related Williamsport Dickinson Seminary (now, Lycoming College) from 1905 to 1912. He was appointed as missionary bishop over Southeastern Asia. However, his service as a bishop was short: he died on 24 July 1916 following an electrical accident at Mount Holly Springs, Pennsylvania, where he is also buried.
Selected writings
Inaugural Address, Williamsport Dickinson, pamphlet, 16 pp., 1908.
References
Leete, Frederick DeLand, Methodist Bishops. Nashville, The Methodist Publishing House, 1948.
See also
List of bishops of the United Methodist Church
1864 births
1916 deaths
People from Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
American Methodist bishops
Bishops of the Methodist Episcopal Church
Methodist missionaries in Asia
American Methodist missionaries
People from Williamsport, Pennsylvania
American speechwriters
Methodist missionary bishops
Dickinson College alumni
Lycoming College faculty
Accidental deaths in Pennsylvania
Accidental deaths by electrocution | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Perry%20Eveland |
Solar-powered pumps run on electricity generated by photovoltaic (PV) panels or the radiated thermal energy available from collected sunlight as opposed to grid electricity- or diesel-run water pumps.
Generally, solar-powered pumps consist of a solar panel array, solar charge controller, DC water pump, fuse box/breakers, electrical wiring, and a water storage tank.
The operation of solar-powered pumps is more economical mainly due to the lower operation and maintenance costs and has less environmental impact than pumps powered by an internal combustion engine. Solar pumps are useful where grid electricity is unavailable or impractical, and alternative sources (in particular wind) do not provide sufficient energy.
Components
A PV solar-powered pump system has three main parts - one or more solar panels, a controller, and a pump. The solar panels make up most (up to 80%) of the system's cost. The size of the PV system is directly dependent on the size of the pump, the amount of water that is required, and the solar irradiance available.
The purpose of the controller is twofold. Firstly, it matches the output power that the pump receives with the input power available from the solar panels. Secondly, a controller usually provides a low- or high-voltage protection, whereby the system is switched off, if the voltage is too low or too high for the operating voltage range of the pump. This increases the service life of the pump, thus reducing the need for maintenance. Other ancillary functions include automatically shutting down the system when the water source level is low or when the storage tank is full, regulating water output pressure, blending power input between the solar panels and an alternate power source such as the grid or an engine-powered generator, and remotely monitoring and managing the system through an online portal offered as a cloud service by the manufacturer.
Voltage of the solar pump motors can be alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC). DC motors are used for small to medium applications up to about 4 kW rating, and are suitable for applications such as garden fountains, landscaping, drinking water for livestock, or small irrigation projects. Since DC systems tend to have overall higher efficiency levels than AC pumps of a similar size, the costs are reduced, as smaller solar panels can be used.
Finally, if an AC solar pump is used, an inverter is necessary to change the DC power from the solar panels into AC for the pump. The supported power range of inverters extends from 0.15 to 55 kW, and can be used for larger irrigation systems. The panel and inverters must be sized accordingly, though, to accommodate the inrush characteristic of an AC motor. To aid in proper sizing, leading manufacturers provide proprietary sizing software tested by third-party certifying companies. The sizing software may include the projected monthly water output, which varies due to seasonal change in insolation.
Water pumping
Solar-powered water pumps can deliver drinking water, water for livestock, or irrigation water. Solar water pumps may be especially useful in small-scale or community-based irrigation, as large-scale irrigation requires large volumes of water that in turn require a large solar PV array. As the water may only be required during some parts of the year, a large PV array would provide excess energy that is not necessarily required, thus making the system inefficient, unless an alternative use can be found.
Solar PV water pumping systems are used for irrigation and drinking water in India. Most of the pumps are fitted with a 2.0 - 3.7 kW motor that receives energy from a 4.8 kWp PV array. The 3.7 kW systems can deliver about 124,000 liters of water/day from a total of 50 meters setoff head and 70 meters dynamic head. By 30 August 2016, a total of 120,000 solar PV water pumping systems had been installed around the world. Energy storage in the form of water storage is better than energy storage in the form of batteries for solar water pumps because no intermediary transformation of one form of energy to another is needed. The most common pump mechanics used are centrifugal pumps, multistage pumps, borehole pumps, and helical pumps. Important scientific concepts of fluid dynamics such as pressure vs. head, pump heads, pump curves, system curves, and net suction head are really important for the successful deployment and design of solar-powered pumps.
Oil and gas
To combat negative publicity related to the environmental impacts of fossil fuels, including fracking, the oil and gas industry is embracing solar-powered pumping systems. Many oil and gas wells require the accurate injection (metering) of various chemicals under pressure to sustain their operation and to improve extraction rates. Historically, these chemical injection pumps (CIPs) have been driven by gas reciprocating motors using the pressure of the well's gas, and exhausting the raw gas into the atmosphere. Solar-powered electrical pumps (solar CIPs) can reduce these greenhouse gas emissions. Solar arrays (PV cells) not only provide a sustainable power source for the CIPs, but can also provide an electricity source to run remote SCADA-type diagnostics with remote control and satellite/cell communications from very remote locations to a desktop or notebook monitoring computer.
Stirling engine
Instead of generating electricity to turn a motor, sunlight can be concentrated on the heat exchanger of a Stirling engine and used to drive a pump mechanically. This dispenses with the cost of solar panels and electric equipment. In some cases, the Stirling engine may be suitable for local fabrication, eliminating the difficulty of importing equipment. One form of Stirling engine is the fluidyne engine, which operates directly on the pumped fluid as a piston. Fluidyne solar pumps have been studied since 1987. At least one manufacturer has conducted tests with a Stirling solar-powered pump.
See also
List of solar powered products
List of photovoltaic power stations
Notes
References
Solar-powered devices
Pumps
Applications of photovoltaics | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar-powered%20pump |
The Divan of the Abkhazian Kings (, which is often translated as the Chronicles of the Abkhazian Kings) is a short medieval document composed in Georgian in the late 10th or early 11th century. It has come down to us as a 15th-century copy. The text was first studied and published by the Georgian scholar Ekvtime Takaishvili. It has also been translated into English and Russian.
It is usually attributed to the first king of all-Georgia, Bagrat III, who began his reign as the Abkhazian king in 978. Somewhat of a manifesto, this document may have been issued by Bagrat, a representative of the new dynasty of the Bagrationi, in support of his rights to the Abkhazian throne.
The Divan lists 22 successive rulers from Anos to Bagrat, and styles each of them as “king” (Georgian: mepe) (though until the mid-780s they functioned as the archons under the Byzantine authority). The text does provide the information about the family relationships among these rulers as well as the duration of the last 11 kings’ reigns, but lacks chronology. The two kings of the Shavliani clan (878–887) are omitted probably because they were regarded as usurpers. The dates and achievements of the most of the early Abkhazian rulers remain conjectural.
The names below are given in original transliteration. The dates are as per Prince Cyril Toumanoff and other modern scholars.
Anos (ანოს) (c. 510–530)
Ghozar (ღოზარ) (c. 530–550)
Istvine (ისტვინე) (c. 550–580)
Phinictios (ფინიქტიოს) (c. 580–610)
Barnucius (ბარნუკ) (c. 610–640)
Demetrius I (დემეტრე) (c. 640–660)
Theodosius I (თეოდოს) (c. 660–680)
Constantine I (კონსტანტინე) (c. 680–710)
Theodor (თეოდორ) (c. 710–730)
Constantine II (კონსტანტინე) (c. 730–745)
Leon I (ლეონ) (c. 745–767)
Leon II (ლეონ) (c. 767–811)
Theodosius II (თეოდოს) (c. 811–837)
Demetrius II (დემეტრე) (c. 837–872)
George I (გიორგი) (c. 872–878)
Bagrat I (ბაგრატ) (c. 887–898)
Constantine III (კონსტანტინე) (c. 898–916)
George II (გიორგი) (c. 916–960)
Leon III (ლეონ) (c. 960–969)
Demetrius III (დემეტრე) (c. 969–976)
Theodosius III (თეოდოსი) (c. 976–978)
Bagrat III (ბაგრატი) (978–1014)
See also
The Georgian Chronicles
Conversion of Kartli (chronicle)
References
S. H. Rapp, Studies In Medieval Georgian Historiography: Early Texts And Eurasian Contexts, Peeters Bvba (September 25, 2003) pages 144, 230-237, 481-484
Georgian chronicles
Kings of Abkhazia
10th-century history books
Regnal lists | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divan%20of%20the%20Abkhazian%20Kings |
"That's Why Darkies Were Born" was a popular song written by Ray Henderson and Lew Brown. It originated in George White's Scandals of 1931, where white baritone Everett Marshall performed the song in blackface.
The song was most famously recorded by popular singer Kate Smith, whose rendition was a hit in 1931, and by award-winning singer, film star, scholar, and civil rights activist Paul Robeson. It was also featured in a 1931 all-star recording of a medley of songs from George White's Scandals, where it was sung by Frank Munn on Brunswick and just as famously part of Paul Whiteman medley sung by Native American jazz singer Mildred Bailey on Victor.
One verse runs:
Someone had to pick the cotton,
Someone had to plant the corn,
Someone had to slave and be able to sing,
That's why darkies were born.
The song was part of a fatalistic musical genre in the 1930s where African Americans were depicted as "fated to work the land, fated to be where they are, to never change." "That's Why Darkies Were Born" has been described as presenting a satirical view of racism, although others have said there is no evidence that the song was ever performed in a satirical or joking manner. The song was criticized as racist by African American audiences in the early 1930s, and Mildred Bailey received many letters from the public urging her to stop performing it in 1931.
In popular culture
The song is referenced in the Marx Brothers film Duck Soup, when Groucho Marx's character Rufus T. Firefly says, "My father was a little headstrong, my mother was a little armstrong. The Headstrongs married the Armstrongs, and that's why darkies were born." Part of Marx's line, primarily the term "darkies," was removed from television prints of this film in the early 1970s. The full dialogue was restored in 1980 for home video releases and future broadcast syndication.
2019 controversy
On April 18, 2019, the New York Yankees announced that Kate Smith's rendition of "God Bless America" would no longer be played at Yankee Stadium, citing "That's Why Darkies Were Born" along with another controversial song sung by Smith, "Pickaninny Heaven". The Philadelphia Flyers followed suit the next day, covering up a statue of Smith that stood outside the Wells Fargo Center, then removing the statue on April 21, 2019.
References
External links
via Lyon College
Paul Robeson - That's Why Darkies Were Born - 1931 via YouTube
Kate Smith - That's Why Darkies Were Born - 1931 via YouTube
American songs
1931 songs
Paul Robeson songs
Kate Smith songs
Songs with music by Ray Henderson
Songs with lyrics by Lew Brown
Satirical songs
Comedy songs
Ethnic humour
Stereotypes of African Americans
Songs about black people
Black comedy music
Race-related controversies in music | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/That%27s%20Why%20Darkies%20Were%20Born |
Schloß Pötzleinsdorf or Schloss Pötzleinsdorf is a former palace in Pötzleinsdorf, Vienna. It is currently being used as a primary school.
History
The palace was a nobleman's residence in the mid-17th century, but in the next century the building became known as Ricci'scher Freihof, after a merchant called Ricci who used it for cloth manufacture and silk dying. The estate was bought by Countess Philippina von Herberstein toward the end of the 18th century. She began turning the grounds into a park, before selling to the banker Johann Heinrich Geymüller in 1797. He rebuilt the house as a palace, and had the gardens landscaped in a romantic English style, since when they have been considered some of Vienna's finest. After Geymüller went bankrupt in 1841, the estate was auctioned, and had changed hands several times when the industrialist Max Schmidt purchased it in 1920. Since 1935 the palace and the surrounding 33 hectares of park have belonged to the city of Vienna and have been open to the public. When Roland Rainer modernised the building after the Second World War he removed many of the decorative features, both interior and exterior (including a set of impressive perrons at the front of the building) when a youth hostel was opened there. Today it houses the Vienna-Pötzleinsdorf Rudolf Steiner-Schule (a Steiner/Waldorf school).
Location
The palace is in Geymüllergasse, Währing, the 18th district of Vienna. The address is Geymüllergasse 1, A-1180 Wien.
Notes
External links
Pötzleinsdorf Palace Park
Vienna District Museums: Währing
Homepage of the Rudolf Steiner-Schule
Buildings and structures in Währing
Palaces in Vienna | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schlo%C3%9F%20P%C3%B6tzleinsdorf |
The Faculty of Medicine () is one of four medical schools in Quebec. The faculty is part of the Université de Montréal and is located in Montreal and Trois-Rivières.
Recent accolades for the school include an endowment by Pfizer (worth $1.8 million) for a chair in atherosclerosis and being awarded a million-dollar grant for the study of leukemia.
The Faculty offers a variety of undergraduate programs, graduate programs, the Doctor of Medicine, and several postgraduate medical programs. It also offers the only francophone health management training program in North America.
In partnership with the Centre de pédagogie appliquée aux sciences de la santé (CPASS), the Faculty provides practicing physicians, trainers, students and researchers with colloquia, online tools and continuing professional development and health sciences education activities.
References
Montreal
Medicine | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universit%C3%A9%20de%20Montr%C3%A9al%20Faculty%20of%20Medicine |
Pandrol is a global rail technology company, founded in 1953 and operating in over 100 countries worldwide, with over 400 railway systems having adopted its products.
A member of the Delachaux Group, Pandrol is based in Colombes, France and has 1700 employees globally in over 40 locations. In 2020, they achieved a turnover of £60.9M.
Pandrol primarily manufactures rail fastenings, which are used to fasten rails to railway ties. They are also an industry leader in aluminothermic welding, whereby metals are rapidly heated to repair and connect pieces of rail. Pandrol designs, develops and manufactures a variety of equipment to make constructing and maintaining railways more efficient.
Overview
The Pandrol clip was patented in 1957 by a Norwegian railways engineer, Per Pande-Rolfsen. It is now common worldwide. The original clip is now called the PR-clip, which was superseded by a system called E-Clip.
Pandrol has a range of sustainable resilient systems and battery powered tools called E+. Each E+ product has been designed to cut carbon emissions without compromising power. A focus on reducing noise and eliminating dangerous fumes will contribute to reduced environmental impact, particularly in urban and under-tunnel areas.
History
In the 1930s, a German engineer, Max Rüping, developed a resilient fastening to secure a rail to a sleeper. In 1933, he went into business with an American importer of Creosote named Oscar Max von Bernuth (O. M. Bernuth), founder of Bernuth-Lembcke Company.
At the time, the fastening was known as the Elastic Rail Spike. The product was successful in track tests and the Elastic Rail Spike Company (ERS) was formed in London in 1937.
Throughout the 1940s, the business expanded internationally, led by General Manager Stewart Sanson. Patents were registered across the globe, including in India and Burma in 1943.
Immediately after the Second World War, ERS acquired a lease on a government-owned factory in Worksop to undertake spike production. This has remained Pandrol’s UK manufacturing base to the present day.
In 1958, Sanson was approached by a young Norwegian engineer named Per Pande-Rolfsen, who had invented a new type of indirect fastening which was fullly resilient and did not transmit vibrations from passing trains. The self-tensioning spring clip was far more adaptable than any other product on the market, and ERS registered international licensing rights on behalf of Rolfsen. Taking two syllables from the name of its creator, the indirect fastening was christened ‘the Pandrol clip’, or the PR clip. In 1966, it was adopted as standard by British Railways, with South African Railways following in 1967.
The Elastic Spike Company changed its name to Pandrol in 1972. Soon afterwards, in 1977, Pandrol was established in the United States.
The 80s saw rapid expansion for Pandrol, with offices and manufacturing sites opening in Korea and Indonesia, e-clips installed in Tokyo, and the acquisition of Vortok in 1991 bringing a range of solutions to rail track maintenance, rail signalling and rail stressing problems.
In 1992, Pandrol trialled an innovative new fastening, the Fastclip, which was soon installed on heavy freight railways in the USA. Within five years, more than 5 million Fastclips had been installed worldwide.
The 2000s saw Pandrol expand further into Asia, forming a joint venture with Indian firm Rahee and supplying 2,000 km of Fastclips to Saudi Arabia.
Having been acquired by of France in 2003. In 2017, all the businesses within the rail division of the Delachaux group were united under the single brand of Pandrol.
References
Rail infrastructure manufacturers
Rail fastening systems
Manufacturing companies of the United Kingdom
Manufacturing companies established in 1937
1937 establishments in England | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandrol |
The Faculty of Veterinary Medicine () at Université de Montréal is one of five veterinary medical schools in Canada. It is the only French-language veterinary college in North America. The faculty is part of the Université de Montréal and is located in Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec near Montreal.
The veterinary college was located in Oka, Quebec before moving to Saint-Hyacinthe in 1947. In Oka, the veterinary college formed part of an agricultural-veterinary educational centre operated by the Trappists. This centre was financed by the Quebec Department of Agriculture.
The Centre became the direct responsibility of the Québec Department of Agriculture from 1947 to 1969. In 1969, the Centre became a Université de Montréal faculty. Considerable development in staff and facilities has taken place.
The FMV holds a full accreditation of the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) and is one of 15 faculties and affiliated schools of Université de Montréal
Studies
Doctorate of Veterinary Medicine (438 students)
96 students admitted / year
5-year program (4 years of theory, 1 year of practical training)
Program focused on skills
Offered exclusively by the FMV in Quebec
Very high quota (10 applications / admission)
Feminization: More than 80% of female students
HIGHER EDUCATION
Internship (IPSAV) (28 students, 1-year program)
Pet medicine
Bovine medicine
Equine medicine
Porcine medicine
Theriogenology
Zoo and exotic pet medicine
Residency (33 students, 3-year program)
Anesthesiology
Laboratory animals
Surgery
Animal behavior
Dentistry
Dermatology
Medical imagery
Internal medicine
Population medicine
Zoological medicine
Veterinary microbiology
Neurology
Ophthalmology
Veterinary pathology
Clinical pathology
Theriogenology
Emergency medicine and intensive care
Masters in Veterinary Science (80 students, 2-year program)
Biomedicine
Epidemiology
Veterinary hygiene and food safety
Medicine of laboratory animals
Microbiology
Pathology
Pharmacology
Reproduction
Clinical science
Ph.D. in Veterinary Science (45 students, 3-year program)
Epidemiology
Microbiology
Pathology
Pharmacology
Reproduction
Post doctorate studies (14 students)
Microprograms (32 students)
Public health
Companion animals
Research
Since 1972, the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine has been home to the Centre de Recherche en Reproduction Animale (CRRA) [Animal Reproduction Research Centre], a facility dedicated to the understanding of reproductive issues in large domestic animals (livestock).
Centres and Research Groups
CRRF (Reproduction and Fertility Research Center): http://www.medvet.umontreal.ca/CRRA/index.php/en/
DSA R&D (Herd Health Management)
GRAC (Companion Animal Research Group)
GREMEQ (Equine Research)
GREMIP (Research Group on Infectious Diseases in Production Animals: http://www.medvet.umontreal.ca/gremip/index.php/en/
GREPAQ (Animal pharmacology research group of Quebec)
GRESA (Food Safety Research Group)
GREZOSP (Research Group on Epidemiology of Zoonoses and Public Health)
EcL (Escherichia coli Laboratory): http://www.ecl-lab.com/en/
Research Chairs
Poultry (philanthropic chair)
Research Chair in Meat Safety (CRSNG Industrial Chair)
Research networks
CQSAS (Québec Centre for Wild Animal Health)
CRIPA (Swine and poultry infectious diseases research center)
Bovine Mastitis (Canadian Bovine Mastitis and Milk Quality Research Network)
RQR (Research Network on Reproduction)
Bioevaluation centers
Animal houses
Poultry research center
Agro environmental platform REPA
See also
Université de Montréal
Fundraising Campaign
References
External links
http://www.fmv.umontreal.ca/
Veterinary schools in Canada
Veterinary Medicine
Educational institutions established in 1969
1969 establishments in Quebec | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universit%C3%A9%20de%20Montr%C3%A9al%20Faculty%20of%20Veterinary%20Medicine |
William Westwood (7 August 1820 – 13 October 1846), also known as Jackey Jackey, was an English-born convict who became a bushranger in Australia.
Born in Essex, Westwood had already served one year in prison for highway robbery before his transportation at age 16 to the penal colony of New South Wales on a conviction of stealing a coat. He arrived in 1837 and was sent to Phillip Parker King's station near Bungendore as an assigned servant, but grew to resent working there due to mistreatment from the property's overseer. In 1840, after receiving 50 lashes for attempting to escape, Westwood took up bushranging. The following year, troopers captured Westwood at Berrima, where he was convicted of armed robbery and horse stealing and sentenced to life imprisonment at Darlinghurst Gaol. Westwood escaped again and continued bushranging until his re-capture in July 1841. Sent to Cockatoo Island, he led a failed mass escape, and was transported for life in 1842 to Port Arthur, Van Diemen's Land.
Westwood tried to escape from Port Arthur two times and received 100 lashes for each attempt. He successfully escaped in 1843 by swimming the channel; two other convicts who accompanied him were eaten by sharks. His new bushranging career ended that November when he was captured and sentenced to twelve months' hard labour and solitary confinement. The following year, William Champ, Port Arthur's new commandant, promoted Westwood to his boat crew, and approved his removal to Glenorchy on probation after the convict rescued two drowning men. Within several months, he returned to bushranging, and after his capture in September 1845 outside Hobart, was transported for life to Norfolk Island. There, in response to commandant Joseph Childs' confiscation of the prisoners' cooking utensils, Westwood led the 1846 Cooking Pot Uprising, during which he murdered three constables and an overseer. He was captured and executed along with eleven other convicts.
In the days before his execution, Westwood wrote an autobiography at the suggestion of Thomas Rogers, a religious instructor, who later had it published in The Australasian. Westwood also wrote a letter to a prison chaplain who had once befriended him, detailing the severe treatment of Norfolk Island prisoners by the authorities, and decrying the brutality of the convict system as a whole. It was published widely in the press and cited by activists campaigning for the end of penal transportation to Australia.
Family and early years
William Westwood was the eldest child of James and Ann Westwood and was born on 7 August 1820, in Manuden, Essex, England. He was baptised on 27 August 1820 in the Church of St Mary the Virgin. On 10 March 1835 William and Benjamin Jackson, both aged fourteen, appeared at the Essex Lent Assizes in Chelmsford charged with highway robbery. They were accused of stealing a bundle of clothes from Ann Saunders on the road near Manuden. William was found guilty and sentenced to twelve months imprisonment with hard labour in Chelmsford Gaol. His accomplice, Benjamin Jackson was sentenced to be whipped, and discharged.
Released from gaol in 1836 William soon fell into bad company. On 3 January 1837 William, aged 17, together with James Bird, aged 21, appeared at the Essex Quarter Sessions in Chelmsford. The two were charged with stealing a greatcoat belonging to John Rickett that he had left in a stables in Manuden overnight. Westwood and Bird took the stolen coat to a clothes shop owned by John Warner in Hare Street, Hertfordshire where they sold it for 6 shillings. In need of a replacement coat Rickett called at John Warner's shop the following day where his stolen coat was offered to him. Westwood and Bird were quickly identified as the culprits and arrested by Constable Charles Moss. At their trial Bird was acquitted but William was found guilty and, because this was his second offence, sentenced to transportation for 14 years.
On 2 February 1837 William was delivered to the prison hulk Leviathan in Portsmouth Harbour where he was held before being transferred to the ship Mangles which sailed for NSW on 18 March 1837. He arrived in Sydney on 9 July 1837. He had several tattoos on his arms and a scar on his face.
Transportation to Australia
Upon arrival in Sydney, Westwood was assigned to Phillip Parker King at his property, 'Dunheved' in Rooty Hill (near Penrith in western Sydney). In late December 1837 he was sent to the family property, 'Gidleigh' near Bungendore, New South Wales. The overseer of this location mistreated Westwood, not providing sufficient food and clothing. He tried to run away from his employer on more than one occasion, but each time was recaptured, beaten, and then put back to work. After stealing wheat, Westwood was sentenced to six months working on the roads in a chain gang on 19 April 1838. Once again escaping and being caught, Westwood publicly received 50 lashes on 4 February 1839.
Bushranging
In September 1840 Westwood escaped for good, being known as Jackey Jackey, with Paddy Curran. Westwood was "out 7 months in the bush under Arms" and avoided being captured by hiding in the mountains. One of their first robberies occurring at the 11-mile turnoff in Carwoola. Curran did not have the same beliefs and views on robbery as Westwood. Together they robbed Phillip Parker King's house and Curran, tempted by revenge, raped King's wife. Westwood did not approve of this at all so beat Curran up, stole his horse, guns, and ammunition, and declared that if they ever met again, Westwood would kill him. Jackey Jackey was a very courteous robber, never actually hurting any of his victims. He mainly stole racing horses (to ensure a quick getaway), clothing, guns, ammunition, money, and necessities of living. Along with not hurting his victims, he would never dare to be rude to women which is why he had threatened to kill Curran. Jackey Jackey often showed up in a suit to a robbery, being declared the "Gentleman Bushranger." He was captured only twice, but escaped both times. A sign was posted across Australia calling for him to be caught, dead or alive, but even the promise of reward did not seem to tempt anyone to attempt to capture Jackey Jackey.
Capture and recapture
Early in January 1841, Jackey Jackey was captured by a party of five civilians which included the priest of Bungendore at an inn near Berrima. While waiting to be transferred, he escaped from the lock-up at Bargo, taking the firearms and ammunition of one of the police. A day or two after his escape he stuck up Mr. Francis McArthur, and took from the carriage a valuable horse. He then proceeded to Gray's Inn, about two miles from Berrima, when he was set upon by Mr. Gray, who was assisted by his wife and daughter, Miss Gray displaying remarkable bravery in the encounter. A carpenter named Waters also joined in the attack, and felled the bushranger by a blow on the head with a shingling hammer, and then captured him. Mr. Gray received the £30 reward which had been offered by the Government for Jackey Jackey's capture, and Waters, who was a convict, received a free pardon. Curran was captured later that year and hanged at Berrima.
On 8 April 1841, he appeared at Berrima Circuit Court charged with stealing in a dwelling house and putting in bodily fear; robbing with firearms, and horse stealing. Jackey Jackey was taken to Darlinghurt Jail and sentenced to life imprisonment. Escaping for a short period he succeeded in evading the police and was not heard of again till he called at the toll gate on the Parramatta road, about three miles out of Sydney. He asked the tollkeeper if he had ever heard of Jackey Jackey. "Oh, yes", replied the man, "but he is a long way off; he ain't to coming to Sydney, they would catch him if he did." Westwood then drew his pistol from his waist, and told the scared toll keeper that he was Jackey Jackey, and that he had spent the past three days in Sydney. The incident ended by Jackey Jackey giving the old man a bottle of rum.
On 12 July 1841 Westwood was reported to have committed a robbery at Paddy's River. On Tuesday evening, 13 July 1841, Westwood entered Edward Gray’s Black Horse Inn, near the crossroads ten miles from Berrima. He took charge of the firearms at the inn and had ordered the till to be taken out when he was set upon by the publican Gray and two other men, a ticket-of-leave holder named Francis McCrohan and Joseph Waters, an assigned convict. McCrohan struck 'Jackey Jackey' several blows with a hammer, the second of which felled him. He was then chained to a cart and conveyed to Berrima Gaol, where he was placed in irons.
After his re-capture Westwood was sent to Cockatoo Island, Port Jackson. While at Cockatoo Island, he and twenty-five other convicts, attempted to escape by swimming to the mainland, but the gang were followed by the police in their boat and all captured. As a result, he was shipped to Port Arthur on the Governor Phillip. En route, Jackey Jackey once again tried to escape from the ship's hold and take over the ship on the way to the port. Shortly after arriving at Port Arthur he escaped, but after nine days' starvation on that inhospitable place, he was captured as one of the convicts who had escaped with him, Frank Bailey, had been shot.
Twelve months afterwards he again succeeded in making his escape to the mainland, but was again captured and placed in Hobart Town gaol, from where as a last resort, he was sent over to Norfolk Island, "the penal colony of penal colonies"
The next year W. T. Champ promoted Jackey Jackey to be on a boat crew of his. After rescuing two men from drowning, Jackey Jackey was removed from Port Arthur to probation at Glenorchy in May 1845. Temptation got the best of him, though, and Jackey Jackey stole guns and ammunition. Jackey Jackey was tried on 4 September 1845, in the Hobart Supreme Court. Sticking to his beliefs and not hurting anyone, he was sentenced to life in prison on Norfolk Island.
Norfolk Island
Cooking Pot Uprising
In February 1844, Major Joseph Childs took over the command of the convict prison settlement at Norfolk Island where he began a regime of harsh, rigid discipline that ended with mutiny, massacre, and the execution of 12 men.
His predecessor, Captain Maconochie, had been of a more kindly disposition. He had looked on his prisoners as human beings and had given them some little interest in life by allowing them to have small farm plots in which they could grow sweet potatoes and other vegetables. Maconochie also shortened hours of labour, holidays were granted to those convicts whose behaviour was considered satisfactory, and each prisoner was allowed to cook his own meals in saucepans and kettles specially provided.
Major Childs decided to alter all this. Gradually, over a period of two years, he withdrew the privileges that had made the men relatively contented under Maconochie. He abolished the private farm plots. He lengthened the daily hours of work and he withdrew holidays for good behaviour. He cut down the prisoners' rations. And then, on the memorable first day of July, 1846, he announced the abolition of the last little privilege—the last vestige of privacy that had given the men a feeling that they were individuals.
Major Childs issued a proclamation that food was to be served in bulk, that no personal cooking was to be permitted, and that kettles and saucepans held by prisoners were to be handed in.
The next day, after a compulsory prayers parade, the convicts went in a body to the lumber yard to read the new proclamation. There were indignant cries. Gathering in rough military formation they marched to the Barrack Yard, stormed the store, and seized every utensil within reach. Westwood hushed them.
"Now, men", he said, "I've made up my mind to bear this oppression no longer. But, remember, I'm going lo the gallows. If any man funks, let him stand out. Those who want to follow me—come on!"
And so the mutiny began. Westwood, his face transformed with rage, struck at a constable who was watching the proceedings. He felled him, and his mates, their pent-up fury now finding a savage outlet, struck at him with knives, sticks, pitchforks—with any weapons they could find.
Then they hurried to the cook house. Here they found Stephen Smith, the mess overseer. Jacky Jacky attacked him. "For God's sake don't hurt me, Jackey!" he cried out. "Remember my wife and children!" "Damn your wife and children;" said the livid young convict, and knocked him senseless. When the others had finished with him he was a mutilated corpse. The convicts moved on in a wildly rushing mass about 1,600 strong, to the Barrack Yard gate, where they pushed aside a sentry and an overseer who tried to halt them. Their one thought now was to get to Government House, where the main target of their wrath was Mr. Barrow, the Stipendiary Magistrate. As they passed by the lime kiln Jackey Jackey, now wielding an axe, ran over to a hut, forced open the door, and killed two policemen, one of whom was asleep in his bed.
As they moved down the road towards Government House, they were confronted by a line of soldiers, muskets at the ready. As though the force of their passion had suddenly been spent, the convicts halted, and then began to retreat towards the lumber yard, where their weapons were taken from them, and they were returned to their cells.
At only 26 years old, Jackey Jackey was finally tried with 11 of the most prominent leaders of the mutiny and all were hanged on 13 October 1846. Jackey Jackey was buried in unhallowed ground.
Legacy
Cultural depictions
In 1844, Melbourne writer Thomas McCombie published a supposedly true-life account of Westwood in Tait's Edinburgh Magazine. The following year, he collaborated with playwright James McLaughlin in dramatising the story for the theatre. Titled Jackey Jackey, the N.S.W. Bushranger, it was not performed publicly until 1852, due to the colonial government's fear that plays about bushrangers would encourage anti-authoritarian attitudes.
Westwood features as a character in Mary Theresa Vidal's 1850 novel The Cabramatta Store: A Tale of the Australian Bush.
See also
List of convicts transported to Australia
References
Works cited
Exploring the ACT and Southeast New South Wales, J. Kay McDonald, Kangaroo Press, Sydney, 1985
External links
Australian Dictionary of Biography entry
Entry at Ned Kelly's World
1820 births
1846 deaths
People from Uttlesford (district)
Bushrangers
Executed Australian people
Executed people from Essex
Convicts transported to Australia
People executed by Norfolk Island
19th-century executions by Australia
People executed by Australian colonies by hanging
Convict escapees in Australia
1840 crimes in Australia
1841 crimes in Australia
1845 murders in Australia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Westwood%20%28bushranger%29 |
"Thru' These Walls" is a song by the English drummer Phil Collins. It was released as a single in October 1982, being Collins' fourth single. The song is also the seventh track and first single release from Collins' second solo studio album, Hello, I Must Be Going!, released in November of the same year. The song is dark, which follows a vast majority of songs from the album, and is about a man listening through the wall to his neighbours partaking in sexual activities.
Recording
The song has distinct similarities to Collins's debut solo single, "In The Air Tonight", featuring similar atmospheric opening chords on a Sequential Circuits Prophet-5 and also using the same gated reverb drum effect. The song also features one of Collins's attempts at a "Ringo Starr drum part", Starr being one of his biggest influences as a drummer.
Release
The song was the first single by Collins that did not reach the Top 20 in the UK, peaking at No. 56 in the UK Singles Chart (it was not released as a single in the U.S.)
Music video
The music video for the song was directed by Stuart Orme, who also directed the video for "In The Air Tonight" and in 1983 it was released on the home video Phil Collins available on Video Home System (VHS) and LaserDisc (LD) which received a Grammy nomination for Best Video, Short Form.
Although the video appeared on Phil Collins "The Singles Collection" VHS, the music video itself did not appear officially for Internet streaming on Phil Collins' YouTube channel until June 2018.
Track listing
7": Virgin / VS 524 (UK)
"Thru' These Walls"
"Do You Know, Do You Care?"
Chart history
Credits
"Thru' These Walls"
Phil Collins – keyboards, drums, vocals, marimba
Daryl Stuermer – guitars
Mo Foster – bass
"Do You Know, Do You Care?"
Phil Collins – vocals, keyboards, bass pedals, drums, timpani, trumpet
Daryl Stuermer – guitars
Gavin Cochrane – photography
References
1982 singles
Phil Collins songs
Songs written by Phil Collins
Virgin Records singles
Song recordings produced by Hugh Padgham
Song recordings produced by Phil Collins
1982 songs | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thru%20These%20Walls |
The North American P-51 Mustang is an American World War II fighter aircraft.
P51 or P-51 may also refer to:
Vessels
, a patrol vessel of the Argentine Navy
, a submarine of the Royal Navy
, a patrol vessel of the Indian Navy
, a patrol vessel of the Irish Naval Service
Other uses
BenQ-Siemens P51, a PDA smartphone
P-51 can opener, issued by the United States Armed Forces
Papyrus 51, a biblical manuscript
Parker 51, a fountain pen
P51, a state regional road in Latvia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P51 |
Massaguet (Arabic: المساقط, al-Masāqiṭ) is a city in Hadjer-Lamis region, western Chad. It is located at around .
An 86.6 km (87 km) highway completed in 1969 connects Massaguet with N'Djamena.
Demographics
References
Hadjer-Lamis Region
Populated places in Chad | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massaguet |
Schloss Neuwaldegg is a Baroque palace with an English garden in the Hernals borough of Vienna, Austria.1 It is currently privately owned and rented out for a variety of private and public events.
History
Neuwaldegg manor arose from a farmstead acquired by the Imperial councillor Stefan Agler after the 1529 Siege of Vienna. Agler was ennobled to the rank of Ritter by the Habsburg emperor Ferdinand I and in 1539 received the title of an Edler of Paumgarten and Neuwaldegg.
The present-day palace was built around 1697 at the behest of Count Theodor von Strattmann, most probably according to plans designed by Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach, and surrounded by a French formal garden. In 1765 Field Marshal Count Franz Moritz von Lacy, confidant of Empress Maria Theresa and her son Joseph II, purchased the estate. He had the building again enlarged and the English landscape park laid out, one of the first in the Habsburg monarchy. It included 17 reed cottages on the Hameau (French for "hamlet") hill to accommodate Lacy's guests, as well as a mausoleum built in 1794 that became his last resting place. When he opened his gardens to the public, they became a popular destination for Vienna day-trippers.
After Lacy's death in 1801, the princely Schwarzenberg family bought the palace and the large landscape park, which up to today is called Schwarzenbergpark, featuring two obelisks located on the long Schwarzenbergallee avenue, along with a number of statues of Greek gods. However, the new owners had many art treasures transferred to Český Krumlov Castle in Bohemia, and over time the building and the gardens fell into a state of general neglect. Neuwaldegg was incorporated into the 17th district of Vienna on 1. January 1892. The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Vienna finally bought the palace in 1951, while the park stretching uphill to the city limits was purchased by the municipal authorities in 1958 and has been redeveloped as a recreational area.
In Culture
The castle was the location for the television film from 2012 and Zurück ins Leben in 2013.
Notes
1 The address is at XVII. Waldegghofgasse 3.
External links
Neuwaldegg Estate Management
Buildings and structures in Hernals
Palaces in Vienna | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schloss%20Neuwaldegg |
The Faculté de médecine is one of four medical schools in the Canadian province of Quebec. The faculty is part of the Université de Sherbrooke and is located in Sherbrooke, Quebec, southeast of Montreal.
See also
Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke
External links
Faculté de médecine - Université de Sherbrooke official website (in French)
Medical schools in Canada
Université de Sherbrooke | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facult%C3%A9%20de%20m%C3%A9decine%20%E2%80%93%20Universit%C3%A9%20de%20Sherbrooke |
Human placental lactogen (hPL), also called human chorionic somatomammotropin (hCS) or human chorionic somatotropin, is a polypeptide placental hormone, the human form of placental lactogen (chorionic somatomammotropin). Its structure and function are similar to those of human growth hormone. It modifies the metabolic state of the mother during pregnancy to facilitate energy supply to the fetus. hPL has anti-insulin properties. hPL is a hormone secreted by the syncytiotrophoblast during pregnancy. Like human growth hormone, hPL is encoded by genes on chromosome 17q22-24. It was identified in 1963.
Structure
hPL molecular mass is 22 125 Da and contains single chain consisting of 191 amino acid residues that are linked by two disulfide bonds and the structure contains 8 helices. A crystal structure of hPL was determined by X-ray diffraction to a resolution of 2.0 Å.
Levels
hPL is present only during pregnancy, with maternal serum levels rising in relation to the growth of the fetus and placenta. Maximum levels are reached near term, typically to 5–7 mg/L. Higher levels are noted in patients with multiple gestation. Little hPL enters the fetal circulation. Its biological half-life is 15 minutes. Some women with higher BMI show lower levels of placental lactogen, but whether prenatal health behaviors influence hPL levels or if hPL influences infant birth weight is uncertain.
Physiologic function
hPL affects the metabolic system of the maternal organism in the following manners:
In a bioassay, hPL mimics the action of prolactin, yet it is unclear whether hPL has any role in human lactation.
Metabolic:
↓ maternal insulin sensitivity (insulin resistance), leading to an increase in maternal blood glucose levels.
↓ maternal glucose utilization, which helps ensure adequate fetal nutrition (the mother responds by increasing beta cells). Chronic hypoglycemia leads to a rise in hPL.
↑ lipolysis with the release of free fatty acids. With fasting and release of hPL, free fatty acids become available for the mother as free fatty acids do not cross the placenta, so that relatively more glucose can be utilized by the fetus. With sustained fasting, maternal ketones formed from free fatty acids can cross the placenta and be used by the fetus.
These functions help support fetal nutrition even in the case of maternal malnutrition.
hPL is a potent agonist of the prolactin receptor and a weak agonist of the growth hormone receptor.
Prolactin-like activity
hPL has been found to bind to the prolactin receptor with equal affinity to that of prolactin in rabbit milk fat globule membrane, and hPL and prolactin have been found to possess very similar lactogenic activity in vitro in mouse and rat mammary gland explants. In addition, hPL has been found to stimulate DNA synthesis in human mammary fibroadenoma cells transplanted into mice, which suggests that hPL promotes the growth of the human mammary gland similarly to prolactin. As hPL circulates at concentrations that are 100-fold higher than those of prolactin during pregnancy, these findings suggest that hPL may play an important role in human mammogenesis during this time. However, the relative affinities of hPL and prolactin for the human prolactin receptor have yet to be published and the effects of hPL on normal human mammary epithelial tissue have not yet been investigated, and so a definitive role of hPL in human mammary gland development during pregnancy has not been established at present.
Growth hormone-like activity
hPL has weak actions, similar to those of growth hormone, causing the formation of protein tissues in the same way that growth hormone, but 100 times more hPL than growth hormone is required to promote growth. However, hPL has a blood level of more than 50 times that of hGH, hence its effects must not be ignored. An enhancer for the human placental lactogen gene is found 2 kb downstream of the gene and participates in the cell-specific control gene expression.
Clinical measurement
While hPL has been used as an indicator of fetal well-being and growth, other fetal testing methods have been found to be more reliable. Also, normal pregnancies have been reported with undetectable maternal levels of hPL.
See also
Placental lactogen in other species
Somatotropin family
References
Further reading
External links
Peptide hormones
Hormones of the placenta
Hormones of the pregnant female
Human female endocrine system | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human%20placental%20lactogen |
Mani () is a town in Hadjer-Lamis region, western Chad, south of the Lake Chad, on the border with Cameroon.
References
Hadjer-Lamis Region
Populated places in Chad
Cameroon–Chad border crossings | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mani%2C%20Chad |
Nicola Mary Pagett Scott (15 June 1945 – 3 March 2021), known professionally as Nicola Pagett, was a British actress, known for her role as Elizabeth Bellamy in the 1970s TV drama series Upstairs, Downstairs (1971–1973), as well as being one of the leads in the sitcom Ain't Misbehavin' (1994–1995). Her film appearances included Anne of the Thousand Days (1969), Frankenstein: The True Story (1973), Operation Daybreak (1975), Privates on Parade (1982) and An Awfully Big Adventure (1995).
Early life
Born in Cairo, Egypt, Nicola Pagett spent most of her childhood out of Britain—in Hong Kong, Cyprus and Japan, the family moving with her father who worked for a major oil company. She was educated at Saint Maur International School, in Yokohama, Japan. In 1962 Pagett entered Britain's Royal Academy of Dramatic Art where she studied for two years.
Career
In 1964, Pagett appeared in several productions with Worthing Repertory Company and the Glasgow Citizen's Theatre. Then her performance in the television play The Girl in the Picture caught the attention of Sir Robert Helpmann who cast her to tour with Vivien Leigh in the stage play La Contessa.
In 1965, she appeared in the Incorporated Television Company (ITC) production of Gideon's Way, episode 10, "How to Retire without Really Working" in an uncredited role as girl at railway station. Also in 1965, under the name Nicola Paget, she appeared in Gideon's Way series 1 episode 15 called "The Alibi Man".
She also appeared in the British TV series, Danger Man, in an episode called "The Mirror's New". She appeared in episode 13 of The Persuaders! and episode 7 of Special Branch.
After starring as Florence Maybrick in an episode of Wicked Women (1970), she appeared as Elizabeth Bellamy in the British series Upstairs, Downstairs.
This was followed in 1975 by an appearance in the British television police drama, The Sweeney. Pagett appeared in the episode Stoppo Driver in which she played the character of Sara Prince, part of a family of criminals involved in the kidnap of the wife of Detective Constable Brian Cooney, a Flying Squad driver. In May 1976, she appeared as Bella Manningham in Gas Light at the Criterion Theatre, London, with Peter Vaughan and Anton Rodgers.
She played the title role in the 1977 BBC adaptation of Anna Karenina and gave a memorable performance in David Nobbs's TV series A Bit of a Do. She appeared in films such as The Viking Queen (1967), Come Back Peter (1969), Anne of the Thousand Days (1969), There's a Girl in My Soup (1970), Frankenstein: The True Story (1973), Operation Daybreak (1975), Oliver's Story (1978), Privates on Parade (1982) and An Awfully Big Adventure (1995). She appeared in leading roles (as the young Irish bride Conor) in the 1980 Australian mini-series The Timeless Land and in the 1994 to 1995 sitcom Ain't Misbehavin'.
Personal life
Pagett married actor/writer Graham Swannell in 1975. They had one daughter. The couple divorced in 1997.
Pagett was diagnosed with bipolar disorder in 1997 after becoming obsessed with the then prime minister's chief press secretary Alastair Campbell. She related in her book Diamonds Behind My Eyes that she later recovered.
Pagett died on 3 March 2021, aged 75, after suffering from a brain tumour.
References
External links
1945 births
2021 deaths
English film actresses
English stage actresses
English television actresses
Actresses from Cairo
Alumni of RADA
20th-century English actresses
People with bipolar disorder
Deaths from brain cancer in England | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicola%20Pagett |
Doodle Do is a British 2006 arts and crafts television programme, specially designed for pre-school children (2 to 5 years). It aired on the CBeebies channel between 2006 and 2010. The programme features three "Doodle Doers" — puppets called "Dib-Dab", "Scribble" and "Stick" — who interact with a human presenter, Chris (played by Chris Corcoran, a Welsh stand-up comedian). The programme first aired on 30 January 2006 on the CBeebies channel at 9am and again at 1pm and 5pm Local Time.
Format
Dib-Dab, Scribble and Stick are three literal glove hand creatures, as they consist of colourful knitted gloves decorated with eyes, noses, and hair. They are each operated by three puppeteers who remain concealed behind features of the studio set, such as curtains or boxes, or beneath the raised studio floor. One episode was filmed in the French Ski Resort of 'Les Deux Alpes'.
The programme is a loose "how to" arts feature similar to SMarteenies, but aimed at an even younger audience. Chris and the puppets explore making models from boxes, simple collages and so on. A story or game is featured, during which the puppets play characters using the items they have created.
The programme always ends with some "Doodle do" and "Doodle don't" advice, such as "Doodle do: have fun with your model car, and doodle don't: forget to tidy up afterwards".
There are also small 5-minute portions of the show called "Doodle Do Making Moments" which are broadcast. These feature one "make" and do not have much of a storyline.
The three puppets all still have distinctive personalities. Dib-Dab (voiced by Yvonne Stone) is giddily enthusiastic, concerned for others and loves the colour pink so much, that whenever it seems someone else is going to get the pink paper, she will whimper with misery and longing; Scribble (voiced by Adam Carter) is a bit of a comedian with a fondness for puns; and Stick (voiced by Mark Mander) is rather anxious (similar to George from Rainbow, whom Mark Mander has also "played"), and often needs to be reassured by Chris. Stick enjoys chanting the word "Blob" whilst painting or glueing, and seems to get into a trance-like state doing so. After the children making clips, Dib-Dab, Scribble and Stick sit by the treasure chest, the treasure chest will open and an animation about sandworms drawing an object features in each episode.
Cast and Crew
Presenter: Chris Corcoran
Dib-Dab: Yvonne Stone
Scribble: Adam Carter and Don Austen
Stick: Mark Mander
Writers: Dean Wilkinson, Trevor Neal, Simon Hickson
Music: Richie Webb
Episodes
Box Snake
Handprint Fish
Envelope Puppets
Blowing Pictures
Paper Plate Kite
Gravity Dribble Picture
Headband Decoration
Wool Collage
Colour Snap Cards
Box Building Blocks
Bottle Faces
Treasure Box
Rainstick
Foil Sculptures
Finger Painting Prints
Bird Feeder
Dipping Pictures
Parrots On A Perch
Funny Wig
Beach Picture
Paint ‘n’ Peel Pictures
Jelly Fish
Salt Water Dough
Animals Out Of Pebbles
Streamer Flag
Winter Special
Circle Printing
Ball Biscuit Tin
Cup and Ball Game
Spray and Splatter
Tissue Paper Stained Glass
Nature Collage
Spiders Web
Chalk Smudge
Ice Cube Drawing
Tissue Box Clown Shoes
Award nominations
BAFTA Children's Awards 2006
Nominated for Best Pre-school Live Action Series
References
External links
CBeebies - Doodle Do at bbc.co.uk
2000s British children's television series
2010s British children's television series
British preschool education television series
British television shows featuring puppetry
British television series with live action and animation
BBC children's television shows
CBeebies
2000s preschool education television series
2010s preschool education television series
Television series by BBC Studios
English-language television shows | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doodle%20Do |
WOKV (690 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station licensed to the Jacksonville, Florida, United States. WOKV is owned by Cox Media Group and broadcasts a sports format from studios in Jacksonville's Southside district and transmitters in Orange Park and Baldwin.
690 AM is a Canadian and Mexican clear-channel frequency, on which CKGM in Montreal, Quebec and XEN-AM in Mexico City, Mexico share Class A status.
History
The Big Ape
AM 690 first signed on the air on October 23, 1958, as WAPE. It was a daytimer, owned by Brennan Broadcasting. WAPE originally broadcast with 25,000 watts and was required to be off the air at night. In 1963, the station got a boost to 50,000 watts by day and it also got nighttime authorization, running 10,000 watts after sunset; a previous attempt to add 25,000 watts of night power in 1960 was dismissed as contravening the North American Regional Broadcasting Agreement.
For more than two decades, WAPE operated as a popular Top 40 station, known as "The Big Ape". Comic actor Jay Thomas started his professional career as the station's morning man. The Brennan family sold the station in 1970 to Stan and Sis Atlass Kaplan for $1.48 million.
Eastman Radio acquired WAPE in 1980. The next year, despite a rating increase, WAPE flipped to country. Several years later, it converted to a Christian radio format. In 1986, WAPE migrated to 95.1 MHz (which, at the time, aired a rhythmic contemporary as WJAX-FM) and relaunched its Top 40 format as WAPE-FM.
News/talk
In 1989, WAPE was bought by Genesis Communications, which changed the call sign to WJKF, and then to WPDQ, and switched the format to news/talk. The station carried a mix of local hosts and nationally syndicated shows, and was an affiliate of the ABC Information Network.
In 1993, Prism Radio Partners bought WPDQ for $400,000. The following year, Prism bought talk station WOKV (600 AM) and oldies station WKQL (96.9 FM) for $3.75 million. The company moved the talk programming and call letters of WOKV from 600 to 690.
Cox Radio acquired WOKV and several other Jacksonville-area stations in 2000. In 2006, Cox upgraded WOKV's nighttime signal to 25,000 watts after sunset, with a broader pattern, and also added an FM simulcast on 106.5 FM, formerly WBGB (now WHJX). This made WOKV one of only a few large-market news/talk radio stations at the time to simulcast on both AM and FM. In 2013, the FM simulcast was upgraded when WOKV moved the simulcast to the former WFYV-FM at 104.5, broadcasting with 100,000 watts; the 106.5 frequency returned to a music format, first as soft AC WEZI, then as alternative rock WXXJ, and now as urban adult contemporary WHJX.
WOKV was the flagship for the NFL's Jacksonville Jaguars from the team's inception in 1995 through 2013. WJXL took over that role in 2014.
In 2010, WOKV was added as a Primary Entry Point to the Emergency Alert System as part of a doubling of the number of designated PEP stations.
Flip to sports
On January 2, 2019, WOKV (AM) split from its simulcast with WOKV-FM and changed its format to sports, branded as "ESPN 690" with programming from ESPN Radio.
AM 690 facilities
WOKV has one of the strongest daytime AM signals in the Southeast. In addition to the Jacksonville metropolitan area, its non-directional 50,000–watt daytime signal covers the Atlantic coast, as far south as Melbourne, Florida, and as far north as Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, an area that includes Savannah, Georgia, and Charleston, South Carolina. At night, the station reduces power to 25,000 watts and uses a directional antenna to protect clear channel Class A station CKGM in Montreal as well as older, high-power stations on the 690 frequency, including XEWW in Baja California, Mexico and CBU in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Programming
WOKV AM 690's programming is made up primarily of ESPN Radio shows, with some live play-by-play coverage of sporting events.
References
External links
OKV
Cox Media Group
Radio stations established in 1958
1958 establishments in Florida
Sports radio stations in the United States
ESPN Radio stations | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WOKV%20%28AM%29 |
The National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame is located in Fort Worth, Texas, US. Established in 1975, it is dedicated to honoring women of the American West who have displayed extraordinary courage and pioneering fortitude. The museum is an educational resource with exhibits, a research library, and rare photography collection. It adds Honorees to its Hall of Fame annually.
Background
The National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame honors and documents the lives of women of the American West. The museum was started in 1975 in the basement of the Deaf Smith County Library in Hereford. It was removed to Fort Worth in 1994. The museum then moved into its permanent location in the Cultural District of Fort Worth on June 9, 2002.
As of 2013, there are over 200 Cowgirl Hall of Fame honorees, with additional women being added annually. Honorees include women from a variety of fields, including pioneers, artists, businesswomen, educators, ranchers and rodeo cowgirls. Women already in the hall of fame include Georgia O'Keeffe, Sacagawea, Annie Oakley, Dale Evans, Enid Justin, Temple Grandin and Sandra Day O’Connor.
Construction and design
Groundbreaking took place on February 22, 2001. The 33,000 square foot building was designed by the Driehaus Prize winner David M. Schwarz/Architectural Services, Inc. Linbeck Construction Company built the structure and Sundance Projects Group, provided project management. Additional members of the construction/design team included: Gideon/Toal Architects, architect of record; Datum Engineers, structural engineers; and Summit Engineering, mechanical engineering.
There was a threefold goal in its design: to relate the building to the historic context of the site, to create a vibrant new space as the home for the National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame, and to provide expansion possibilities for the Museum as its collections grow. The building's location was part of the Western Heritage Plaza to be formed by the National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame, the Cattle Raisers Museum and the Fort Worth Museum of Science and History. The style of the building is compatible with the nearby Will Rogers Memorial Center. The exterior is constructed with brick and cast stone with Terracotta finials formed in a ‘wild rose’ motif and glazed in vibrant colors. A large painted mural by Richard Haas, bas-relief sculpture panels, and a series of hand-carved cast relief panels show scenes related to the Cowgirl's story and depict thematic messages such as ‘East Meets West’ and ‘Saddle Your Own Horse’ that represent the story told inside the Museum.
The Museum's interior is designed to provide a clear circulation path for visitors and creates central spaces for after-hours functions. In addition to administrative offices, the building also includes three gallery areas, a multipurpose theater, hands-on children's areas, a flexible exhibit space, research library, catering area, and a retail store. A 45–foot-high domed rotunda serves as an orienting point and houses the Hall of Fame honoree exhibits. Two grand staircases providing overlooks into the rotunda are made of different metal finishes and colors with art deco inspired ornamental railings. The floors are a honed Corton Bressandes French limestone on the ground floor. Doors of stained walnut mark the entrance to the theater. Western themes are found throughout including native flowers, horse heads and the wild rose motif. The current interior was designed by Projectiles architects.
Exhibits
The areas of the museum include the Spirit of the Cowgirl Theater, the Lifetiles murals, the children's Discovery Corral, the retail Cowgirl Shop, and a large Rotating Exhibit Gallery. Permanent galleries include:
The Hall of Fame Honoree Gallery features one honoree from each of the Hall of Fame categories: Champions and Competitive Performers, Ranchers (Stewards of Land and Livestock), Entertainers, Artists and Writers, and Trailblazers and Pioneers
"Into the Arena," which covers women in the fields of rodeo and trick riding, as well as modern horsewomen of note such as Belmont Stakes winning jockey Julie Krone. It has interactive computer displays, rodeo memorabilia, clothing, and other rodeo artifacts. The area also displays saddles such as Sheila Welch's cutting horse saddle, and Julie Krone's racing saddle. Rodeo fashions are displayed in “Arena Style,” where a rotating rack moves in direct response to a flat-panel, touch-screen display placed in front of the case featuring details and additional information about various outfits, threading together a rodeo star's story with her corresponding clothing. Also in this gallery is an interactive bronc riding experience, where visitors can ride a fake horse that has been modified from training bulls used by rodeo riders. Visitor's "rides" can be videoed, and then sped up, and transformed into footage from an old-style rodeo for purchase.
"Kinship with the Land," which includes exhibits related to ranching, including historic gear including saddles, women's clothing such as split skirts, pistols, a Victorian riding habit and a sidesaddle. It has both graphic panels and plasma screen displays. An interactive exhibit allows children to saddle a model Shetland pony, and other displays for children, show children's chaps, 4-H ribbons and a selection of toys.
"Claiming the Spotlight" shows the cowgirl as represented in media, and the varying roles the archetypical cowgirl has played in film, television, advertising and music. The gallery includes a collection of dime novels, displays on entertainers who have portrayed cowgirls such as Barbara Stanwyck, Dale Evans, and Patsy Montana. The gallery includes an old-time theater with a looping film narrated by Katharine Ross about portrayals of cowgirls in mass media, a television area featuring clips from 1950s era series, and jukeboxes playing music by country and western women performers. Interactive exhibits allow Visitors to pose for a movie poster and purchase the ensuing image at the gift shop.
The Rotating Exhibit Gallery has hosted past exhibits including: Donna Howell-Sickles: The Timeless Image of the Cowgirl; Georgia O'Keeffe and the Faraway: Nature and Image; Going to Texas: Five Centuries of Texas Maps; Paniolo: Cowboys and Cowgirls of the Hawaiian Frontier; Photographing Montana 1894-1928: The World of Evelyn Cameron; Ride: A Global Adventure; Texas Flags; The Cowgirl Who Became A Justice: Sandra Day O'Connor, Hard Twist: Western Ranch Women - Photographs by Barbara Van Cleve and No Glitz, No Glory.
Hall of Fame honorees
The following people have been honored:
Betty Kruse Accomazzo (1983)
Anna Lee Aldred (1983)
Mayisha Akbar (2019)
Tillie Baldwin (2000)
Eve Ball (1982)
Mary Ellen (Dude) Barton (1984)
"Texas Rose" Bascom (1981)
Kathryn Binford (1976)
Nancy Binford (1979)
Faye Blackstone (1982)
Reba Perry Blakely (1979)
Bertha Blancett (1999)
Faye Blesing (1978)
Eulalia (Sister) Bourne (1996)
Minnie Lou Bradley (2006)
Kalyn Brooks (2007)
Clara Brown (1997)
Lindy Burch (1997)
Mary Burger (2017)
Mamie Sypert Burns (1981)
Polly Burson (2002)
Wanda Harper Bush (1978)
Sarah "Sally" Buxkemper (2011)
Elsa Spear Byron (1990)
Sherry Wolfenbarger Cagan (2022)
Ann Lowdon Call (2005)
Sharon Camarillo (2006)
Evelyn Cameron (2001)
Nellie Cashman (2007)
Jean Cates (2014)
Willa Cather (1986)
Sherry Cervi (2018)
Pop Chalee (2021)
Mildred Douglas Chrisman (1988)
Bebe Mills Clements (1984)
Patsy Cline (1994)
Margaret (Peg) Coe (1982)
Sandy Collier (2011)
Ashley Collins (2017)
Mary Jane Colter (2009)
Nel Sweeten Cooper (1984)
Gene Krieg Creed (1982)
Sue Cunningham (2014)
Kathy Daughn (2002)
Gail Davis (2004)
Linda Mitchell Davis (1995)
Wantha Davis (2004)
Bernice Dean (1986)
Angie Debo (1985)
Margaret McGinley Dickens (2017)
Grace Ingalls Dow (1984)
Jewel Frost Duncan (1976)
Betty Dusek (2010)
Gretel Ehrlich (2022)
Dale Evans (1995)
Mildred Farris (2012)
Thena Mae Farr (1985)
Deborah Copenhaver Fellows (2009)
Francis (Flaxie) Fletcher (1983)
Margaret Formby (1994)
Terry Stuart Forst (2007)
Rose Cambra Freitas (2006)
Kay Gay (2010)
Marie Gibson (2011)
Laura Gilpin (1987)
Ruby Gobble (1982)
Glenna Goodacre (2003)
Mary Ann (Molly) Goodnight (1991)
Veryl Goodnight (2016)
Temple Grandin (2010)
Eleanor Green (2013)
Marie Keen Gress (1997)
Audrey O'Brien Griffin (2008)
Connie Griffith (2004)
Helen Kleberg Groves (1998)
Lari Dee Guy (2021)
Mamie Francis Hafley (1981)
Sunny Hale (2012)
Ann Secrest Hanson (2003)
Margaret Pease Harper (1981)
Pamela Harr (1981)
Bonnie Gray Harris (1981)
Marilyn Williams Harris (2016)
Margie Roberts Hart (1987)
Prairie Rose Henderson (2008)
Alice Adams Holden (1983)
Juanita Hackett Howell (1986)
Donna Howell-Sickles (2007)
Stella Cox Hughes (1988)
Sabra Lee Humphrey (1981)
Vaughn Krieg Huskey (1989)
Margie Greenough Henson (1978)
Caroline Lake Quiner Ingalls (1984)
Mary Ingalls (1984)
Charmayne James (1992)
Shirley Lucas Jauregui (2014)
Velma Bronn Johnston (2008)
Jonnie Jonckowski (1991)
Suzanne Norton Jones (1999)
Martha Josey (1985)
Enid Justin (1978)
Frances Rosenthal Kallison (2016)
Frances Kavanaugh (2014)
Patricia E. Kelly (2015)
Kathy Kennedy (1984)
Arlene Kensinger (2002)
Henrietta King (1982)
Sheila Kirkpatrick (1992)
Janell Kleberg (2019)
Bobby Brooks Kramer (2000)
Elaine Kramer (2005)
Lavonna "Shorty" Koger (2021)
Julie Krone (1999)
Kathyrn Kusner (2021)
Florence LaDue (2001)
Miranda Lambert (2021)
Rose Wilder Lane (1984)
Mary Lou LeCompte (2011)
Harriet (Bita) Lee (1996)
Nita Brooks Lewallen (1997)
Ann Lewis (1981)
Mary Emma Manning Lillie "May Lillie" (2011)
Rebecca Tyler Lockhart (2000)
Tad Lucas (1978)
Louise Massey Mabie (1982)
Goldia Malone (1981)
Wilma Mankiller (1994)
Anne Windfohr Marion (2005)
Anna Mebus Martin (2011)
Maria Martinez (1998)
Sallie Reynolds Matthews (1982)
Gertrude Maxwell (1993)
Billie McBride (1981)
Bonnie McCarroll (2006)
Reba McEntire (2017)
Jacqueline Smith McEntire (2017)
Vera McGinnis (1979)
Caroline Lockhart (2018)
Stacie Dieb McDavid (2019)
Bernice Walsh McLaughlin (1977)
Marlene Eddleman McRae (1995)
Sherri Mell (2004)
Augusta Metcalfe (1983)
Mary Jo Milner (2004)
Pam Minick (2000)
Lilla Day Monroe (1982)
Patsy Montana (1987)
Esther Hobart Morris (2006)
Dixie Reger Mosley (1982)
Shelly Burmeister Mowery (1990)
Terri Kelly Moyers (2015)
Lucille Mulhall (1977)
Jimmie Gibbs Munroe (1992)
Camilla Naprous (2018)
Pauline Nesbitt (2011)
Mattie Goff Newcombe (1994)
Sandra Day O'Connor (2002)
Georgia O'Keeffe (1991)
Annie Oakley (1984)
Alice Greenough Orr (1975)
Pat North Ommert (2016)
Ollie Osborn (1982)
May Owen (2014)
Margaret Owens (1976)
Mother Joseph Pariseau (1981)
Cynthia Ann Parker (1998)
Mary Parks (1979)
Lulu Bell Parr (2005)
Jane Pattie (2015)
Hildred Goodwine Phillips (1989)
Sue Pirtle (1981)
Wilma Powell (2008)
Florence Hughes Randolph (1994)
Betty Gayle Cooper Ratliff (1987)
Heidi Redd (2022)
Connie Douglas Reeves (1997)
Lucyle Richards (1987)
Mitzi Lucas Riley (1996)
Cornelia Wadsworth Ritchie (2009)
Joyce Gibson Roach (2010)
Carol Rose (2001)
Ruth Roach (1989)
Sacagawea (1976)
Gretchen Sammis (1986)
Norma Sanders (1989)
Mari Sandoz (1988)
Dorothy Satterfield (1993)
Dessie Sawyer (1981)
Fern Sawyer (1976)
Diane Scalese (2018)
Barbra Schulte (2012)
Doris Seibold (1985)
Louise Serpa (1999)
Mike Reid Settle (1977)
Christina Alvarado Shanahan (2019)
Reine Hafley Shelton (1983)
Nancy Sheppard (1991)
Lorraine Shoultz (1981)
Georgie Sicking (1989)
Blanche Altizer Smith (1976)
Cathy A. Smith (2013)
Elizabeth Boyle Smith (1988)
Jo Ann Smith (2015)
Velda Tindall Smith (2003)
Betty Sims Solt (1990)
Beverly Sparrowk (2008)
Agnes Wright Spring (1983)
Rhonda Sedgwick Stearns (1977)
Fannie Sperry Steele (1978)
Mollie Taylor Stevenson Jr. (2001)
Mollie Taylor Stevenson, Sr. (2001)
Hallie C. Stillwell (1992)
Anne Stradling (1987)
Carrie Ingalls Swanzey (1984)
Anne Burnett Tandy (2002)
Wilma Standard Tate (1985)
Jerry Ann Portwood Taylor (1986)
Ruth Thompson (1990)
Elenor (Sissy) Thurman (1975)
Angelika Trabert (2018)
Marie Tyler (1988)
Barbara Van Cleve (1995)
Alice Van-Springsteen (1998)
Sheila Varian (2003)
Hope Varner (1988)
Karen Vold (1978)
Kirsten Vold (2022)
Dora Waldrop (1979)
Cindy Walker (1998)
Mary Walker (2013)
Hortense Sparks Ward (2010)
Ruth Parton Webster (1988)
Joan Wells (1989)
Mary Nan West (1998)
Stacy Westfall (2012)
Vivian White (1985)
Narcissa Whitman (1979)
Laura Ingalls Wilder (1984)
Eleanor McClintock Williams (1986)
Ernestine Chesser Williams (1983)
Lizzie E. Johnson Williams (2013)
Eloise "Fox Hastings" Wilson (2011)
Laura Wilson (2019)
Nancy Bragg Witmer (1997)
Mabel Strickland Woodward (1992)
Sydna Yokley Woodyard (1977)
Jackie Worthington (1975)
Nellie Snyder Yost (1992)
Isora DeRacy Young (1979)
Kay Whittaker Young (2009)
Florence Youree (1996)
Jan Youren (1993)
Source:
See also
List of museums in North Texas
References
External links
Official Website
Women's museums in the United States
Cowboy halls of fame
Cowgirl
American West museums in Texas
Museums in Fort Worth, Texas
Women's halls of fame
David M. Schwarz buildings
Lists of sports awards
Cowgirl
New Classical architecture | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Cowgirl%20Museum%20and%20Hall%20of%20Fame |
List of football clubs in Australia may refer to:
List of Australian rules football clubs in Australia
List of soccer clubs in Australia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20football%20clubs%20in%20Australia |
Giovanni Lombardo Radice (23 September 1954 – 27 April 2023) was an Italian actor, screenwriter and theatre director. He was best known to film audiences for his roles in horror films, several of which became cult classics. He was sometimes credited under the stage name John Morghen.
Early life
Radice was born in Rome in September 1954, into a prominent local family. His father, Lucio, was a mathematician and a leading member of the Communist Party. His paternal grandfather was the pedagogist Giuseppe Lombardo Radice. His uncle, Pietro Ingrao, was a prominent politician, journalist, and World War II partisan. He was the first Communist to become President of the Italian Chamber of Deputies, a position he held from 1976 to 1979.
Radice studied to become a ballet dancer, but his career was sidelined by a back injury in his teenage years. After brief stint as a physical therapist, he decided to become an actor.
Career
After classical training, he started a Shakespearean company called The Swan Company (named after The Swan) at the age of 19. He was a successful stage actor for several years, but by his account was "a terrible administrator" and struggled financially. After a chance meeting with Ruggero Deodato's mother-in-law, he became acquainted with the director, and after a successful audition was cast in his 1980 horror film The House on the Edge of the Park.
Throughout the 1980s, Radice appeared in many Italian cult films such as Cannibal Apocalypse (1980), City of the Living Dead (1980), Stage Fright (1987) and The Church (1989).
Radice is best known for his villainous roles in Italian horror films, and notably for the spectacular and gruesome death scenes his characters semi-regularly fall victim to. In several interviews, he reportedly stated that he wished he had never portrayed Mike Logan in Cannibal Ferox, criticizing the movie for being both fascist and racist and abusive towards animals. After his family cirticized him for using his family name to create incredibly violent films, Radice adopted the stage name John Morghen, taking the anglicized form of his first name (Giovanni becomes John) and using his maternal grandmother's maiden name as his last name (Morghen).
Radice’s last public appearance was at the 2023 Romford Horror Film Festival alongside Silvia Collatina.
Personal life
Lombardo Radice was married to actress Alessandra Panelli (b. 1957) from 1989 until his death. They had one child. Lombardo Radice was trilingual, fluent in English and French as well as his native Italian.
The writer was his elder brother. Radice often posted texts criticizing social injustice, capitalism and corruption in Italy.
He wrote about having a cocaine addiction when younger.
Death
Lombardo Radice died on 27 April 2023, at the age of 68, the same day as his Cannibal Apocalypse co-star Ramiro Oliveros.
Filmography
References
External links
Interview at deliria-italiano.de
1954 births
2023 deaths
20th-century Italian male actors
21st-century Italian male actors
Italian male film actors
People of Lazian descent
Male actors from Rome | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni%20Lombardo%20Radice |
Palais Rasumofsky () is a palace in Vienna, Austria.
The palace was commissioned by Prince Andrey Kyrillovich Razumovsky as a Neoclassic embassy worthy of the representative of Alexander I. It was built at the prince's own expense and to the designs of Louis Montoyer, in Landstraße, close to the city center of Vienna. He filled it with antiquities and modern works of art. On New Year's Eve 1814, the prince held a glittering ball with Tsar Alexander I as guest of honour. Probably the only person in Vienna who was invited but did not go, was Ludwig van Beethoven. To accommodate the guests, Razumovsky erected a temporary ballroom extension, heated by a flue from the palace. After all the guests had gone, the flue caught fire, setting the ballroom ablaze and burning out roomfuls of art in the palace. Rasumovsky, though he was raised to Prince the following year, was never the same. He lived in seclusion in Vienna until his death in 1836. From 1852 until 2005 the building hosted the Federal Geological Office. In 1862 the street on which the palace is located was named Rasumofskygasse.
References
External links
Bezirksmuseum Landstraße | Palais Rasumofsky
Buildings and structures in Landstraße
Rasumosfky
Austria–Russia relations
Vienna
Neoclassical architecture in Austria | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palais%20Rasumofsky |
The Lake Lerma salamander (Ambystoma lermaense) is an extremely rare, occasionally neotenic mole salamander species from Mexico.
Description
The Lake Lerma salamander was first described by herpetologist Edward Harrison Taylor from a holotype found east of Toluca in 1940. Its habitat is the Lerma River and Lake Lerma in the Toluca Valley in the central highland of Mexico in an altitude of 2800-3000m asl. Drainage of the marshes destroyed almost the whole Lake Lerma wetlands complex with the consequence that this species became locally extinct in that area. Pollution and the building of dams at the Lerma River in the Almoloya region along the villages Tenango, Santa Maria, Jajalpa and San Pedro, as well as domestic consumption, led also to a catastrophic decline of the populations. This species is listed in Appendix II CITES and as Endangered in the IUCN red list due to the lack of information according its occurrence.
References
Database entry includes a range map and justification for why this species is critically endangered
Mole salamanders
Amphibians described in 1940
Lerma River | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake%20Lerma%20salamander |
This is a list of Acts of the Parliament of England for the years 1603–1641.
For Acts passed during the period 1707–1800 see List of Acts of the Parliament of Great Britain. See also the List of Acts of the Parliament of Scotland, the List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland to 1700, and the List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland, 1701–1800.
For Acts passed from 1801 onwards see List of Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. For Acts of the devolved parliaments and assemblies in the United Kingdom, see the List of Acts of the Scottish Parliament, the List of Acts of the Northern Ireland Assembly, and the List of Acts and Measures of Senedd Cymru; see also the List of Acts of the Parliament of Northern Ireland.
For medieval statutes, etc. that are not considered to be Acts of Parliament, see the List of English statutes.
The number shown after each Act's title is its chapter number. Acts are cited using this number, preceded by the year(s) of the reign during which the relevant parliamentary session was held; thus the Union with Ireland Act 1800 is cited as "39 & 40 Geo. 3 c. 67", meaning the 67th Act passed during the session that started in the 39th year of the reign of George III and which finished in the 40th year of that reign. Note that the modern convention is to use Arabic numerals in citations (thus "41 Geo. 3" rather than "41 Geo. III"). Acts of the last session of the Parliament of Great Britain and the first session of the Parliament of the United Kingdom are both cited as "41 Geo. 3".
Acts passed by the Parliament of England did not have a short title; however, some of these Acts have subsequently been given a short title by Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (such as the Short Titles Act 1896).
Acts passed by the Parliament of England were deemed to have come into effect on the first day of the session in which they were passed. Because of this, the years given in the list below may in fact be the year before a particular Act was passed.
See also the List of Ordinances and Acts of the Parliament of England, 1642–1660 for Ordinances and Acts passed by the Long Parliament and other bodies without royal assent, and which were not considered to be valid legislation following the Restoration in 1660.
1603–1610
1603 (1 Jas. 1)
The first session of the 1st Parliament of King James I (the 'Blessed Parliament') which met from 19 March 1604 until 7 July 1604.
Note that this session was traditionally cited as 2 Jac. 1; it is listed in the "Chronological Table of the Statutes" as 1 Ja. 1
Public Acts
Succession to the Crown Act 1603 c. 1 A moste joyfull and juste Recognition of the immediate lawful and undoubted Succession Descent and Righte of the Crowne. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1948
Union of England and Scotland Act 1603 c. 2 An Acte authorizinge certaine Commissioners of the Realme of England to treate withe Comissioners of Scotland for the weale of both Kingdomes. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Episcopal lands) c. 3 An Acte againste the Diminuation of the Posessions of Archbishoprickes and Bishoprickes, and for avoydinge of Dilapidations of the same. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1948
Jesuits etc. Act 1603 c. 4 An Acte for the due Execution of the Statutes against Jesuites Seminary Preistes Recusants &c. — repealed by Religious Disabilities Act 1846
Court Leet Act 1603 c. 5 An Acte to prevent the overcharge of the People by Stewards of Courte Leets and Courte Barons. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1958
(Labourers) c. 6 An Acte made for the Explanation of the Statute made in the Fifte Year of the late Queen Elizabethe's Reigne, concerninge Labourers. — repealed by Repeal of Obsolete Statutes Act 1856
Vagabonds Act 1603 c. 7 An Acte for the Continuance and Explanation of the Statute made in the 39 yeere of our late Queene Elizabeth, intituled "An Acte for Punishmente of Rogues Vagaboundes and Sturdie Beggers." — repealed by Vagrants Act 1713
Statute of Stabbing 1603 c. 8 An Acte to take awaye the benefite of Clergie from some kinde of Manslaughter. — repealed by Offences Against the Person Act 1828
(Inns) c. 9 An Acte to restraine the inordinate hauntinge and tiplinge in Innes Ale houses and other Victuallinge Houses. — repealed by Alehouse Act 1828
(Officers of courts) c. 10 An Acte for the better execution of Justice. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
Bigamy Act 1603 c. 11 An Acte to restrayne all persons from Marriage until theire former Wyves and former Husbandes be deade. — repealed by Offences Against the Person Act 1828
Witchcraft Act 1604 c. 12 An Acte against Conjuration Witchcrafte and dealinge with evill and wicked Spirits. — repealed by Witchcraft Act 1735
Privilege of Parliament Act 1603 or the Parliamentary Privilege Act 1603 c. 13 An Acte for new Executions to be sued againste any which shall hereafter be delivered out of Execution by Priviledge of Parliament, and for discharge of them out of whose Custody such persons shall be delivered. — (still in force)
City of London Court of Conscience Act 1603 c. 14 An Acte for the Recoverie of Small Debtes, and releevinge of poor Debtors in London. — repealed by City of London Court of Requests Act 1835
(Bankrupts) c. 15 An Acte for the better Reliefe of the Creditors againste suche as shall become Bankrupts. — repealed by Bankruptcy Act 1825
Thames Watermen Act 1604 c. 16 An Acte concerninge Wherrymen and Watermen. — repealed by Thames Watermen and Lightermen Act 1827
(Hats) c. 17 An Acte for the better Execution of former Lawes touchinge the makinge of Hats and Felts, and for the more restrainte of unskilfull and deceivable workmanshippe therein used, to the wronge of all sortes of the People of this Realme.— repealed by Manufacture of Hats Act 1776
(Hops) c. 18 An Acte for avoydinge of deceiptfull sellinge buyinge or spendinge corrupte and unwholesome Hoppes. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Spices) c. 19 An Acte for the well garblinge of Spices. — repealed by City of London (Garbling of Spices and Admission of Brokers) Act 1707
(Painting) c. 20 An Act for Redress of certain Abuses and Deceipts used in Paintinge. — repealed by Repeal of Obsolete Statutes Act 1856
(Act against brokers) c. 21 An Acte againste Brokers. — repealed by Sale of Goods Act 1893
(Leather) c. 22 An Acte concerning Tanners Curriers Shoomakers and other Arfificers occupyinge the cuttinge of Leather. — repealed by Repeal of Acts Concerning Importation Act 1822
(Fisheries) An Acte for the better preservation of Fishinge in the Counties of Somersett Devon and Cornewall, and for the reliefe of Bakers Conders and Fishermen againste malicious Suites. c. 23
(Sail cloth) c. 24 An Acte againste the deceiptfull and false makinge of Mildernix and Powle Davies whereof Saile Clothes for the Navie and other Shippinge are made. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Continuance of Laws, etc.) c. 25 An Acte for continuynge and revivinge of divers Statutes and for repealinge of some others. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Exchequer) c. 26 An Acte for the continuance and due observation of certaine Orders for the Exchequer first set downe and established by virtue of a Privie Seale from the late Queene Elizabeth. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
Game Act 1603 c. 27 An Acte for the better execucion of thintent and meaning of former Statuts made againste shootinge in Gunnes and for the preservation of the Game of Pheasantes and Partridges and againste the destroyinge of Hares with Harepipes and tracinge Hares in the Snowe. — repealed by Game Act 1831
(Berwick-on-Tweed) An Acte for Confirmation of the Kinges Majesties Charter and Letters Patentes graunted to the Mayor Bayliffes and Burgesses of the Burroughe of Berwicke upon Twede and theire Successors, and of the Franchises Liberties Priviledges Jurisdictions and Customes of the saide Burroughe. c. 28
(Increase of seamen (fish-days)) c. 29 An Acte to encourage the Seamen of England to take Fishe wherebie they may encrease to furnishe the Navie of England. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Melcombe Regis and Radipole, Dorset (church)) c. 30 An Acte for the erectinge and buildinge of a Churche in Melcombe Regis to be the Parishe Churche of Radipoll; and for makinge the oulde Churche of Radipoll a Chappell belonginge to the same. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1948
(The plague) c. 31 An Acte for the charitable Reliefe and Orderinge of persons infected with the Plague. — repealed by Punishment of Offences Act 1837
Dover Harbour Act 1603 c. 32. An Acte for repaire of Dover Haven. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1948
(Taxation) c. 33 An Acte for a Subsiedie of Tonnage and Poundage. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
Private Acts
Confirmation of Queen Anne's jointure. c. 1 An Acte of Confirmation of the Jointure of the moste highe and mightie Princesse Anne Queene of England Scotland France and Ireland.
Assignment of sums for paying the King's household expenses. c. 2 An Acte for an Assignment of certaine Sumes of Money for the defrayinge of the Charges of the Kinges most honorable Houshold.
Restitution of the Earl of Southampton. c. 3
Restitution of the Earl of Essex's children. c. 4
Restitution of the Earl of Arundel's son. c. 5
Restitution in blood of the Duke of Norfolk's descendants. c. 6
Restitution of Lord Pagett's son. c. 7
Restitution in blood of Thomas Lucas. c. 8
Securing Simpson's debt and the safety of the Warden of the Fleet in Sir Thomas Shirley's Case. c. 9
Securing the debt of Simpson and others and the safety of the Warden of the Fleet in Sir Thomas Shirley's Case. c. 10
Naturalization of Duke of Lennox, Henry, Lord of Obigney, and their children. c. 11
Naturalization of the Countess of Nottingham. c. 12
Naturalization of the Earl of Marre and family. c. 13
Naturalization of Sir George Howme and family. c. 14
Confirmation of Sir George Howme's letters patent. c. 15
Naturalization of Sir Edward Bruce and confirmation of letters patent. c. 16
Naturalization of Sir Thomas Areskin and family. c. 17
Confirmation of letters patent to Earl of Nottingham, Earl of Suffolk, Sir John Leveson and Sir John Trevor, for use of Lady Cobham. c. 18
Naturalization of Dame Marie Aston and family. c. 19
Naturalization of Sir John Ramsey. c. 20
Naturalization of Sir James Hay. c. 21
Naturalization of John Gordon, Dean of Sarum, and family. c. 22
Naturalization of Sir John Kennedy. c. 23
Naturalization of Sir John Drummond. c. 24
Naturalization of Adam Newton. c. 25
Restitution in blood of Thomas Littleton, and family. c. 26
Naturalization of William, Anne and Barbara Browne. c. 27
Thomas Throckmorton's estate: enabling sale of lands for payment of debts. c. 28
Naturalization of Thomas Glover, Margaret Mordant, Francis Collymore, Alexander Daniell, Nicholas Gilpine and Marie Copcote. c. 29
Sir Thomas Rowse's estate: sale of lands for payment of debts. c. 30
Settlement of the late Sir George Rodney's estate. c. 31
Assurance of lands to the Dean and Canons of Windsor, and of a lease of the prebend of Bedwin (Wiltshire) to the Earl of Hertford. c. 32
Henry Jernegan's estate: sale of manors of Dages in Raveningham and Heringfleet alias St. Olav's (Norfolk and Suffolk) for payment of debts. c. 33
Mary Calthrop's jointure. c. 34
Relief of Thomas Lovell. c. 35
Edward Nevill's estate: explanation of the Act of 1601 [c. 4] [Edward Nevill and Sir Henry Nevill: disposal of copyhold lands held of the manors of Rotherfield (Sussex) and Alesley and Fylongley (Warwickshire)]. c. 36
John Tebold's estate: enabling him to sell parts for the preferment of his children and to make a jointure. c. 37
Naturalization of Katherine, Elizabeth, Susan, Hester and Marie Vincents. c. 38
Naturalization of Victor Chauntrell, Peter Martin, Mentia Van Ursell and Sabina, Edward and Peregrine Aldrich. c. 39
1605 (3 Jas. 1)
The second session of the 1st Parliament of King James I (the 'Blessed Parliament'), which met from 6 January 1606 until 27 May 1606.
The start of the session was delayed by a day due to the discovery of the Gunpowder Plot.
Note that this session was traditionally cited as 3 Jac. 1; it is listed in the "Chronological Table of the Statutes" as 3 Ja. 1
Public Acts
Observance of 5th November Act 1605 c. 1 An Acte for a Publicque Thancksgiving to Almighty God everie Yeare on the fifte day of November. — repealed by Anniversary Days Observance Act 1859
(Attainder of Guy Fawkes and others) c. 2 An Acte for the Attaindors of divers Offendors in the late moste barbarous monstrous destestable and damnable Treasons. — repealed by Statute Law (Repeals) Act 1977
Union of England and Scotland Act 1605 c. 3 An Act declaratorie, explayning a branche of an Acte made in the first Session of this Parliament, intituled, "An Acte authorizing certaine Comissioners of the Realme of Englande to treat with Comissioners of Scotlande for the Weale of both Kingdomes." — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
Popish Recusants Act 1605 c. 4 An Act for the better discovering and repressing of Popish Recusants. — repealed by Religious Disabilities Act 1846
Presentation of Benefices Act 1605 c. 5 An Act to prevent and avoid Dangers which may grow by Popish Recusants.
(Foreign trade) c. 6 An Acte to enable all his Majesties loving Subjects of Englande and Wales to trade freely into the Dominions of Spaine Portugale and France.
(Attorneys) c. 7 An Acte to reforme the Multitudes and Misdemeanors of Attorneyes and Sollicitors at Lawe, and to avoide sundrie unneccessarie Suits and Charges in Lawe.
(Execution) c. 8 An Act for avoiding of unneccessarie Delaies of Executions. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Skinners) c. 9 An Acte for the Reliefe of suche as lawfully use the Trade and Handicrafte of Skynners.
(Conveyance of offenders to gaol) c. 10 An Acte for the rating and levying of the Charges for conveying Malefactors and Offendors to the Gaole.
(Exportation) c. 11 An Act for the transportacion of Beere over the Seas.
(Fish) c. 12 An Act for the better preservation of Sea Fishe.
(Stealing of deer, etc.) c. 13 An Act against unlawfull hunting and stealing of Deere and Connies.
Thames Commission of Sewers Act 1605 c. 14 An Acte for explanacion of the Statute of Sewers.
City of London Court of Conscience Act 1605 c. 15 — repealed by City of London Court of Requests Act 1835
(Kerseys) c. 16 An Act for the Repeal of One Act made in the Fourteenth Year of Queen Elizabeth's Reign concerning the Length of Kersies.
(Welsh cottons) c. 17 An Acte concerning Walsh Cottons.
(New River) c. 18 An Acte for the bringing in of a freshe Streame of running Water to the Northe parts of the City of London.
(Highways at Long Ditton) c. 19 — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1948
(The Thames) c. 20 An Acte for clearing the Passage of Water from London to and beyond the Citye of Oxforde.
Theatre Regulation Act 1605 c. 21 An Acte to restraine Abuses of Players.
(Drury Lane paving) c. 22 An Act for paving of Drury Lane and the Towne of St. Giles in the Fieldes within the County of Middlesex. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1948
(Chepstow Bridge (maintenance, etc.)) c. 23 An Act for the newe making upp and keeping in Reparacion of Chepstow Bridge. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1948
(Upton-upon-Severn Bridge (maintenance, etc.)) c. 24 An Act for the reedifying of a Bridge over the River of Seaverne neare the Towne of Upton upon Seaverne. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1948
(Taxation) c. 25 An Acte Confirmacion of the Subsidies graunted by the Clergie. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Taxation) c. 26 An Acte for the Grant of three entire Subsidies and Six Fifteenes and Tenthes granted by the Temporalty. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(General pardon) c. 27 An Acte for the Kinges Majesties most gracious generall and free Pardon. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
Private Acts
Assurance of ground to Earl of Salisbury for enlargement of Salisbury House, Strand. c. 1
Assurance of the Countess of Essex's jointure. c. 2
Corpus Christi College, Oxford. c. 3
Lord Windsor's estate: sale of lands for payment of debts and better performance of his will. c. 4
Establishing the possessions and inheritance of Edmond, late Lord Chandos. c. 5
Vesting in the Crown the estates of Lord Cobham and George Brooke, attainted of high treason, with a confirmation of grants made by the King. c. 6
Confirmation of leases by Lord Spencer and his parents. c. 7
Restoration of Lord Danvers as heir to Sir John Danvers notwithstanding the attainder of his brother, Sir Charles Danvers. c. 8
Oriel College, Oxford, confirmation of letters patent. c. 9
St. Bees' Grammar School (Cumberland): confirmation of letters patent. c. 10
Sir Christopher Hatton's estate: enabling sale of property. c. 11
Sale of lands in Middlesex to Sir Thomas Lake and Dame Mary Knight his wife. c. 12
Sir Jonathan Trelawney's estate: sale of lands for payment of debts. c. 13
Assurance of Dame Elinor Cave's jointure. c. 14
John Hotham senior and John Hotham junior's estate: enabling them to convey lands to provide a jointure for John Hotham junior's future wife. c. 15
Settlement of manor of Rie (Gloucestershire and Worcestershire) on William Throckmorton. c. 16
Sir Thomas Rous' estate: sale of lands for payment of debts. c. 17
Sir John Skynner's estate: assurance of lands to Sir William Smith and Sir Michael Hicks. c. 18
John Roger's relief for a breach of trust made by Robert, Paul and William Taylor. c. 19
Assurance of lands of Walter Walshe. c. 20
Edward Downes' estate : sale of lands for payment of debts. c. 21
Naturalization of Sir Daniel Foulis and confirmation of letters patent. c. 22
Naturalization of Sir Edward Conway's children. c. 23
Naturalization of Sir James Areskyn and family. c. 24
Naturalization of Sir David Murray and Thomas Murray. c. 25
Naturalization of Daniel Godfrey. c. 26
Restitution in blood of John and Thomas Holland. c. 27
Restitution in blood of Roland Meyrick and Dame Margaret Knight. c. 28
Execution of Chancery decree between William le Gris and Robert Cottrell. c. 29
1606 (4 Jas. 1)
The third session of the 1st Parliament of King James I (the 'Blessed Parliament') which met from 18 November 1606 until 4 July 1607.
Note that this session was traditionally cited as 4 Jac. 1; it is listed in the "Chronological Table of the Statutes" as 4 Ja. 1
Public Acts
(Union of England and Scotland) c. 1 An act for the utter abolition of all memory of hostility, and the dependence thereof, between England and Scotland, and for repressing of occasions of disorders, and disorders in time to come. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Woollen cloths) c. 2 An Act for the true making of Woollen Cloth.
(Costs) c. 3 An Act to give Costs to the Defendant upon a Non-sute of the Playntiff or a Verdict agaynst him.
(Sale of beer) c. 4 An Act to restraine the utterance of Beere and Ale to Alehouse Keepers and Typlers not licenced.
(Drunkenness) c. 5 An Act for repressing the odious and loathsome sinne of Drunkennes.
(Leather) c. 6 An Act for repealing of so much of One Branch of a Statute made in the First Year of His Majesty's Reign, intituled "An Act concerning Tanners Curriers Shoemakers and other Artificers occupying the cutting of Leather," as concerneth the sealing of Sheepskins and to avoid selling of tanned Leather by Weight.
Northleech Grammar School Act 1606 c. 7 An Act for the founding and incorporating of a free grammar school in the town of Northleech in the county of Gloucester.
(Land drainage (Kent Marshes, Lessness and Fantes)) c. 8 An Act touching the drowned marshes of Lesnes and Fants in the county of Kent. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1948
(Explanation of 3 Jas. 1. c. 6) c. 9 An Act to explain a former act made in the last session of this parliament, intituled, "An Act to enable all his Majesty's loving subjects of England and Wales to trade freely into the dominions of Spain, Portugal and France." — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Charter of Southampton) c. 10 An act for confirmation of some part of a charter granted by King Henry the Sixth to the mayor, bailiffs and burgesses of the town of Southampton, and for the relief of the said town.
(Land inclosure, Herefordshire) c. 11 An Act for the better provision of meadow and pasture for necessary maintenance of husbandry and tillage in the manors, lordships and parishs of Marden, alias Mawarden, Bodenham, Wellington, Sutton St. Michael, Sutton St Nicholas, Murton upon Lug, and the parish of Pipe, and every of them, in the county of Hereford.
(New River channel) c. 12 An Act for explanation a statute made the third year of the reign of King James, intituled, "An Act for the bringing in of a fresh stream of running water to the north parts of the city of London."
(Land drainage (Waldersey Ring and Coldham)) c. 13 An Act for the draining of certain fens and low grounds in the isle of Ely, subject to hurt by surrounding, containing about six thousand acres, compelled about with certain banks commonly called and named the ring of Waldersey and Cooldham.
Private Acts
Assurance of a life interest in Theobalds House and other manors and lands to the Queen, of the same properties and other manors and lands to the King and of other manors and lands to the Earl of Salisbury. c. 1
John Good's estate: enabling him to convey a small piece of land to the King for a term of years. c. 2
Earl of Derby's estate: establishment and assurance of possessions and hereditaments. c. 3
Enabling Richard Sackville to surrender the office of Chief Butler to the King despite his minority. c. 4
Assurance of advowson of Cheshunt [Hertfordshire] to the Earl of Salisbury and of Orsett [Essex] to the Bishop of London. c. 5
William Ibgrave's estate: confirmation of an agreement between Lord Bruce and Michael Doyley and others. c. 6
Confirmation of letters patent to Robert Bathurst of the manor and borough of Lechlade (Gloucestershire). c. 7
Confirmation of letters patent to William Bourcher of the manor of Bardisley (Gloucestershire). c. 8
Confirmation of lands to All Souls' College, Oxford, and to Sir William Smith. c. 9
Confirmation of lands etc. to City of London companies and to the City. c. 10
Assurance to purchasers of lands, late the estate of Sir Jonathan Trelawney, directed to be sold for payment of debts. c. 11
Restitution in blood of Edward Windsor's children. c. 12
John Evelyn's estate: sale of lands for payment of debts. c. 13
Maintenance of John Tompson (the son of a lunatic), and assignment of a jointure for his future wife. c. 14
William Waller's estate: sale of lands for payment of a debt of £505 10s 6d. c. 15
Naturalization of John Steward. c. 16
Naturalization of Peter and Mary Baron or Baro. c. 17
Naturalization of James and Mary Desmaistres. c. 18
Naturalization of Fabian Smith. c. 19
Naturalization of John Ramsden. c. 20
1609 (7 Jas. 1)
The fourth session of the 1st Parliament of King James I (the 'Blessed Parliament'), which met from 9 February 1610 until 23 July 1610.
Note that this session was traditionally cited as 7 Jac. 1; it is listed in the "Chronological Table of the Statutes" as 7 Ja. 1
Public Acts
(Criminal law) c. 1 An act for the better execution of justice, and suppressing of criminal offenders, in the north parts of the kingdom of England. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
Naturalisation and Restoration of Blood Act 1609 c. 2 An Act that all such as are to be naturalized, or restored in blood, shall first receive the sacrament of the Lord's Supper, and the oath of allegiance and the oath of supremacy.
(Apprentice) c. 3 An Act for the continuing and better maintenance of husbandry and other manual occupations, by the true implement of monies given and to be given for the binding out of apprentices. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
Vagabonds Act 1609 c. 4 An Act for the due execution of divers laws and statutes heretofore made against rogues, vagabonds and sturdy beggars, and other lewd and idle persons. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Public officers protection) c. 5 An Act for ease in pleading troublesome and contentious suits prosecuted against justices of the peace, mayors, constables, and certain other his Majesty's officers, for the lawful execution of their office.
Oath of Allegiance, etc. Act 1609 c. 6 An Act for administring the oath of allegiance, and reformation of married women recusants.
(Wool sorters, etc.) c. 7 An Act for the punishing and correcting of deceit and frauds committed by sorts, kembers and spinsters of wool, and weavers of woolen yarn. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Cattle) c. 8 An Act to inlarge an act of parliament made in the second and third year of King Philip and Queen Mary, intituled, "An Act for the keeping of milch-kine, or breeding and rearing of calves." — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(London water (Hackney)) c. 9 An Act for the bringing of fresh streams of water by engine from Hackney-Marsh to the city of London, for the benefit of the King's college at Chelsey. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1948
(Alehouse) c. 10 An Act for the reformation of alehouse-keepers.
Game Act 1609 c. 11 An act to prevent the spoil of corn and grain, by untimely hawking, and for the better presevation of pheasants and partridges.
Shop-books Evidence Act 1609 c. 12 An Acte to avoide the double Payment of Debtes.
(Deer stealing) c. 13 An Act for the explanation of a statute made in the second session of this present parliament, intituled, "An Act against unlawful hunting and stealing of deer and conies."
(Horns) c. 14 An Act for reviving of part of a former act made in the fourth year of King Edward the Fourth, That no stranger or alient shall buy English horns unwrought; and that the wardens of the horners of the city of London for the time being, should have power to search all manner of wares appertaining to their mystery in London, and twenty-four miles on every side of it. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
Crown Debts Act 1609 c. 15 An Acte concerninge some maner of Assignementes of Debtes to His Majesty.
(Cloths) c. 16 An Act for the encouragement of many poor people in Cumberland and Westmorland, and in the towns and parishes of Carptmell, Oxhead and Broughton in the county of Lancaster, to continue a trade of making cogware, kendals, carptmeals and coarse cottons. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Burning of moor) c. 17 An Act against burning of Ling and Heath & other Moorburning in the Counties of York Durham Northumberland Cumberland Westerland Lancaster Darby Nottingham and Leicester at unseasonable tymes of yeare. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
Sea Sand (Devon and Cornwall) Act 1609 c. 18 An Acte for the takinge landinge and carryinge of Sea Sand for the betteringe of Grounds, and for the Increase of Corne and Tillage within the Counties of Devon and Cornwall.
(River Exe, weir) c. 19 An act for the continuance and reparation of a new built weare upon the river of Exe, near unto the city of Exeter.
(Inundations, Norfolk and Suffolk) c. 20 An Act for the speedy recovery of many thousand acres of marsh ground, and other ground within the counties of Norfolk and Suffolk, lately surrounded by the range of the sea in divers parts of the said counties, and for the prevention of the danger of the like surrounding hereafter. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1948
(Confirmation of decrees as to copyholds, etc.) c. 21 An act for confirmation of decrees hereafter to be made in the exchequer-chamber, and duchy-court, concerning copyhold lands and tenements. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1948
(Taxation) c. 22 An Acte for Confirmacion of the Subsidie granted by the Clergie. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Taxation) c. 23 An Acte for the Grant of one entire Subsidie and one Fiftenth and Tenth by the Temporalitie. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(General pardon) c. 24 An Acte for the Kinges Most gracious generall and free Pardon. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
Private Acts
Manor of Wakefield (Yorkshire): confirmation of decrees between King and copyholders. c. 1
Manor of Edmonton (Middlesex): confirmation of a decree between King and copyholders. c. 2
Manors or Lordships of Clitheroe, Derby, Accrington, Colne and Ightenhill (Lancashire): creation and confirmation of copyholds. c. 3
Assurance of the Isle of Man Act 1609 c. 4 An Acte for the Assuringe and Establishing of the Isle of Manne in the name and blood of William, Earl of Derby.
Earl of Derby's estate: explanation of the Act of 1606 [c. 3] [establishment and assurance of possessions and hereditaments]. c. 5
Assurance of lands to Bishop of Durham and Earl of Salisbury. c. 6
Naturalization of Sir Robert Karr. c. 7
Naturalization of Jane Drummond. c. 8
Earl of Oxenford's estate: sale of manor of Bretts and farm of Plaistow (Essex) towards repurchasing the castle, manor and parks of Henningham (Essex). c. 9
Assurance of farm and demesnes of Damerham (Wiltshire) according to the grants of the King and King Edward VI. c. 10
Foundation of hospital and grammar school, and maintenance of a teacher, in Thetford. c. 11
Naturalization of John Murray, Richard Murray, John Levingston and John Auchmothy. c. 12
Naturalization of Levinus Munk. c. 13
William and Edward Elringtons' orphans' provision: confirming and executing the Chancery decree against Edward Cage, executor of Rowland Elrington. c. 14
Naturalization of Robert Browne. c. 15
Confirmation of fines levied by John Arundell of Guarnack to John Arundell of Trerise, deceased, and settlement of the property comprised in the fines to John Arundell, son of John Arundell of Trerise. c. 16
Estates of Lord Abergavenny and Sir Henry Nevill: alienation of lands for payment of debts and advancement of children, and assurance of other lands lately purchased from the King. c. 17
Restitution in blood of George Brooke's children. c. 18
Disuniting the parsonages of Ashe and Deane (Hampshire). c. 19
Naturalization of Henry Gibb. c. 20
William Essex's estate: sale of lands for payment of debts, and settlement of residue. c. 21
Relief of John Holdich, disinherited by the extraordinary amending of the errors of a fine. c. 22
Naturalization of Sir George Ramsay, Walter Alexander and John Sandilandis. c. 23
Naturalization of Peter Vanloore. c. 24
Confirmation of the estate of the Company of Salters and Brewers of London. c. 25
Uniting parishes of Froome Whitfield (Dorset) and Holy Trinity, Dorchester. c. 26
Repair of river Exe weir near city of Exeter. c. 27
Establishment of Thomas Sutton's charities. c. 28
Establishing the inheritance of Sir Henry Crisp and rendering certain conveyances void. c. 29
Sir John Wentworth's estate: assurance of lands to provide portions, confirmation of life estates in other lands and enabling the sale of other lands for payment of debts. c. 30
Reginald Rous's estate: sale of lands in Badingham, Tymington and Little Glemham (Suffolk), to his nephew, Reginald Rous of the Inner Temple. c. 31
Naturalization of Edward and Henry Palmers and Michael Boyle. c. 32
Charles Waldegrave's estate: sale of lands for payment of debts and advancement of children. c. 33
Naturalization of Richard, John and Robert Bladwell, George and John Hasden, Elizabeth and Ann Cradock, Jane or Janekin Carstens and Elizabeth Van Buechton. c. 34
Confirmation of sales of property, late the estate of Henry Jarnegan, made by Sir Thomas Hirne, Christopher Hirne and Clement Hirne to Sir John and Dame Bridget Heveningham. c. 35
Naturalization of John Mounsy. c. 36
Naturalization of Joane Greensmith. c. 37
Revocation of Sir Robert Drury's conveyances. c. 38
Naturalization of Margaret Clark. c. 39
Sir John Biron's estate. c. 40
Naturalization of George Montgomery, Bishop of Derry, Sir Hugh Montgomery, Hugh and James Montgomery and Sir James Fullarton. c. 41
Naturalization of Martinus Schonerus, Dorothee and Engella Seelken, Katherine Benneken, John Wolfgang Rumbler and Anna de Lobell alias Wolfgang Rumbler. c. 42
Christopher and Millicent Smith: confirmation of deed of revocation. c. 43
1611–1620
1620 (18 & 19 Jas. 1)
The 3rd Parliament of King James I which met from 16 January 1621 until 19 December 1621.
Note that this session is not listed in the "Chronological Table of the Statutes"; the titles of the Acts are printed in "The Statutes of the Realm", Vol. IV, Part II; the Record Commissioners were unable to find any surviving copy of the text of either Act
Public Acts
An Act for the Grant of Two entire Subsidies, granted by the Temporalty c. 1
An Act for Confirmation of the Subsidies granted by the Clergy c. 2
1621–1630
1623 (21 Jas. 1)
The 4th Parliament of King James I (the 'Happy Parliament') which met from 12 February 1624 until 29 May 1624.
Public Acts
Hospitals Act 1623 c. 1 An Act for the reviving and making perpetual of one act made in the nine and thirtieth year of the late Queen Elizabeth, intituled, "An Act for erecting of hospitals, and abiding and working houses for the poor." — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1948
(Crown suits, etc.) c. 2 An Act for the general quiet of the subjects against all pretences of concealment whatsoever. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
Statute of Monopolies 1624 c. 3 An Act concerning monopolies and dispensations with penal laws and the forfeitures thereof. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1948
Common Informers Act 1623 c. 4 An Act for the case of the subject, concerning informations upon penal statutes.
(Sheriffs) c. 5 An Act that sheriffs, their heirs, executors and administrators, having a Quietus est, shall be absolutely discharged of their accounts. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Female convicts) c. 6 An Act concerning women convicted of small felonies. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Drunkenness) c. 7 An Act for the better repressing of drunkeness, and refraining the inordinate haunting of inns, alehouses, and other victualling houses.
(Certiorari abuses) c. 8 An Act to prevent and punish the abuses in procuring process and Supersedeas of the peace and good behaviour, out of his Majesty's courts at Westminster, and to prevent the abuses in procuring writs of Certiorari out of the said courts, for the removing of indictments found before justices of the peace in their general sessions.
(Welsh cloths) c. 9 An Act for the free trade and traffick of Welsh clothes, cottons, frines, linings and plains in and through the kingdom of England and dominion of Wales. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Amendment of 34 & 35 Hen. 8. c. 26) c. 10 An Act of repeal of one branch of the statute made in the session of parliament holden by prorogation at Westminster the twenty-second day of January in the thirty-fourth year of the reign of King Henry the Eighth, intituled, "An Act for certain ordinances in the King's majesty's dominion and principality of Wales."
Heron's Fish-Curing Patent Void Act 1623 c. 11 — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1948
(Public officers protection) c. 12 An act to enlarge and make perpetual the act made for ease in pleading against troublesome and contentious suits prosecuted against justices of the peace, mayors, constables and certain other his Majesty's officers, for the lawful execution of their office, made in the seventh year of his Majesty's most happy reign.
(Jeofails) c. 13 An Act for the further reformation of jeofails.
Intrusions Act 1623 c. 14 An Act to admit the subject to plead the general issue in informations of intrusions brought on behalf of the King's majesty, and retain his possession til trial.
Forcible Entry Act 1623 c. 15 An Act to enable judges and justices of the peace to give restitution of possession in certain cases. — repealed by Criminal Law Act 1977
Limitation Act 1623 c. 16 An Act for limitation of actions, and for avoiding of suits in law. — repealed by Statute Law (Repeals) Act 1986
Usury Act 1623 c. 17 An act against usury. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Woollen cloths) c. 18 An Act for continuance of a former act made in the fourth year of the King's majesty's reign of England, &c., intituled, "An Act for the true making woolen clothes, and for some additions and alterations in and to the same."
(Bankrupts) c. 19 An Act for the further description of a bankrupt, and relief of creditors against such as shall become bankrupts, and for inflicting corporal punishment upon the bankrupts in some special cases.
(Profane swearing) c. 20 An Act to prevent and reform profane swearing and cursing.
Horsebread Act 1623 c. 21 An Act concerning Hostlers and Inn-holders.
(Butter and cheese) c. 22 An Act for the explanation of the statutes made in the third, fourth and fifth years of King Edward the Sixth, concerning the traders of butter and cheese. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Inferior courts) c. 23 An Act for avoiding of vexations delays caused by removing actions and suits out of inferior courts. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1948
(Execution) c. 24 An Act for the relief of creditors against such persons as die in execution. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1948
Crown Lands Act 1623 c. 25 An Act for the relief of patentees, tenants and farmers of crown-lands and duchy-lands, or of lands within the survey of the court of wards and liveries, in cases of forfeiture for not payment of their rents, or other service or duty. — still in force
(Fines and recoveries) c. 26
(Concealment of birth of bastards) c. 27 An Act to prevent the destroying and murthering of bastard children.
(Continuance of Acts, etc.) c. 28 An Act for continuing and reviving divers statutes, and repeal of divers others.
Duchy of Cornwall Act 1623 c. 29 An Act to enable the most excellent prince Charles to make leases of lands, parcel of his Highness duchy of Cornwall, or annexed to the same. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1948
(Exchange of lands, King and Archbishop of York) c. 30
Hallamshire Cutlers Act 1623 c. 31
Thames Navigation Act 1623 c. 32 An Act for making the river of Thames navigable for barges, boats and lighters, from the village of Bercot, in the county of Oxon, unto the university and city of Oxon.
(Taxation) c. 33 — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Taxation) c. 34 — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(General pardon) c. 35 — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
Private Acts
Confirmation of Wadham College, Oxford, and its possessions. c. 1
Naturalization of Philip Burlemacchi. c. 2
Naturalization of Giles Vandeputt. c. 3
Earl of Hertford and Sir Francis Seymour: sale of lands for payment of debts, and establishment of others in lieu and of better value. c. 4
Naturalization of Sir Robert Anstrother, Sir George Abercromy and John Cragge. c. 5
Manors of Stepney and Hackney, confirmation of copyholders' rights. c. 6
Confirmation of sale of lands by Sir Thomas and Dame Elizabeth Beamond to Sir Thomas Checke. c. 7
Erection of free school, almshouses and house of correction in Lincolnshire. c. 8
Martin Calthrope's estate: sale of lands for preferment of children and payment of debts. c. 9
Assurance of manor of Goodneston and other lands of Sir Edward Engham. c. 10
Naturalization of Elizabeth and Mary Vere. c. 11
Alice Dudley's estate: enabling her to assure her estate in manor of Killingworth and other lands in Warwickshire to the Prince. c. 12
Confirmation of exchange of lands between Prince Charles and Sir Lewis Watson. c. 13
Viscount Montagu's estate: payment of debts and raising daughters' portions. c. 14
Sir Richard Lumley's estate: sale of lands for payment of debts and preferment of children. c. 15
Manor of Painswick (Gloucestershire): confirmation of Chancery decree between lord of the manor and customary tenants. c. 16
Naturalization of Sir Francis Stewart, Walter Maxwell, William Carr and James Levingston. c. 17
Naturalization of John Young. c. 18
Conveyance of manor of Little Munden (Hertfordshire) by Sir Peter Vanlore and Sir Charles and Dame Anne Cesar to Edmund Woodhall. c. 19
Naturalization of Jane Murrey and William Murrey. c. 20
Vincent Lowe's estate (Derbyshire): sale of lands for payment of debts. c. 21
Toby Pallavicine's estate: sale of lands for payment of debts and preferment of family. c. 22
Naturalization of Sir Robert Carre. c. 23
Assurance of manors of Newlangport and Sevans or Sephans and other lands in Kent, late the inheritance of Sir Henry James, convicted in a praemunire, to Martin Lumley, Alice Woodroffe and Edward Cropley. c. 24
Naturalization of Stephen Leisure. c. 25
Naturalization of the Marquis of Hamilton. c. 26
Naturalization of Sir William Anstrother, Walter Bellcanquall and Patrick Abercromy. c. 27
Sir Edward Heron's estate: confirmation of sale of lands to Bevell Molesworth, enabling sale of others for payment of debts and settlement of others upon Robert and Edward Heron in lieu. c. 28
Naturalization of Abigail and William Little. c. 29
Establishment of manors and lands in Cornwall, Devon and Dorset on John Mohun. c. 30
Edward Alcocke's estate: enabling the sale of the manor of Rampton, and lands in Rampton, Wivelingham and Cottenham (Cambridgeshire). c. 31
Estates of Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield, and Fisher: explanation of the Act of 1580 [c. 5] [assurance of a rent of £82 10s. to the Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield]. c. 32
Establishment of Thomas Whetenhall's lectures in divinity. c. 33
Colchester: repair and maintenance of the haven river and channel, and provision of paving. c. 34
Sir Francis Clerke's estate: sale of lands for payment of debts and provision of portions for children. c. 35
Alteration of tenure and custom of lands formerly of Thomas Potter and of Sir George and Sir John Rivers in Kent from gavelkind to the common law, and to settle them on Sir John Rivers and his heirs. c. 36
Earl of Middlesex's estate: subjecting lands to the payment of debts. c. 37
Sale of manor of Abbotts Hall (Essex) for payment of Sir James Pointz's creditors. c. 38
1625 (1 Cha. 1)
The 1st Parliament of King Charles I (the 'Useless Parliament') which met from 17 May 1625 until 12 August 1625.
Note that this session was traditionally cited as 1 Car. 1; it is listed in the "Chronological Table of the Statutes" as 1 Cha. 1
Public Acts
Sunday Observance Act 1625 c. 1 An Act for punishing divers abuses committed on the Lord's day, called Sunday.
Duchy of Cornwall Act 1625 c. 2 An Act to enable the King's majesty to make leases of lands, parcel of his Highness dutchy of Cornwall, or annexed to the same. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1948
(Licences of alienation) c. 3 An Act for the ease in obtaining of licences of alienation, and in the pleading of alienations with licence, or of pardons of alienations without licence, in the court of exchequer, or elsewhere.
(Alehouses) c. 4 An Act for the further restraint of tippling in inns, alehouses, and other victualling-houses.
(Taxation) c. 5
(Taxation) c. 6
(Parliament) c. 7 This session of parliament (by reason of the increase of the sickness and other inconveniences of the season, requiring a speedy adjournment, nevertheless) shall not determine by his Majesty's royal assent to this and some other acts. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1948
Private Acts
Manors of Cheltenham and Asheley or Charlton Kings (Gloucestershire): confirmation of copyhold estates and customs according to an agreement between the King (then Prince of Wales, Duke of Cornwall and of York and Earl of Chester), lord of the manor of Cheltenham, Giles Greville lord of the manor of Asheley and the copyholders of the manors. c. 1
Manor of Macclesfield (Cheshire): confirmation of an agreement between the Commissioners of Revenue on behalf of His Majesty (then Prince of Wales, Duke of Cornwall and Earl of Chester) and the copyholders of the manor, and of an Exchequer decree for making a parcel of the manor copyhold. c. 2
1627 (3 Cha. 1)
The 3rd Parliament of King Charles I which met from 17 March 1628 until 10 March 1629.
Public Acts
Petition of Right c. 1 (still in force)
Sunday Observance Act 1627 c. 2 An Act for the further reformation of sundry abuses committed on the Lord's day, commonly called Sunday.
Popery Act 1627 c. 3 An Act to restrain the passing or sending of any to be popishly-bred beyond the seas.
(Alehouse) c. 4 An Act for the better suppressing of unlicenced alehouse-keepers.
(Continuance of Acts, etc.) c. 5 An Act for the continuance and repeal of divers statutes. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1948
(Lands at Bromfield and Yale, Denbighshire) c. 6
(Taxation) c. 7 — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1948
(Taxation) c. 8 — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1948
Private Acts
Foundation of Sutton's Hospital in Charterhouse. c. 1
Sir Thomas Neville's estate: assurance of jointure to Frances Nevill and sale of lands by him and Lord Abergavenny for payment of debts and preferment of children. c. 2
Earl of Devon's estate. c. 3
Earl of Arundel's title, name, dignity and estate. c. 4
Lord Gerrard's estate: provision of jointure for any future wife, provision for younger children and securing maintenance for his sisters Alice, Frances and Elizabeth. c. 5
Confirmation of Earl of Bristol's letters patent. c. 6
William Morgan's estate: discharging the trust concerning property in Somerset. c. 7
Naturalization of Sir Robert Dyell and George Kerke. c. 8
Naturalization of Sir Daniel Deligne. c. 9
Naturalization of Isaac, Henry, Thomas and Bernard Asteley. c. 10
Naturalization of Sir Robert Ayton. c. 11
Naturalization of Samuel Powell. c. 12
Vincent Lowe's estate: amendment of the Act of 1623 [c. 21] [sale of land for payment of debts]. c. 13
Naturalization of Alexander Levingston. c. 14
Naturalization of James Freese. c. 15
Restitution in blood of Carew Raleigh, son of Sir Walter Raleigh, and confirmation of Earl of Bristol's letters patent. c. 16
Naturalization of John, Mary, Ann, Elizabeth and Margaret Aldersey. c. 17
Confirmation of estates of customary tenants of Henry, Baron of Rye, in the manor of Horneby and elsewhere in the townships of Tatham, Gressingham and Eskrigg (Lancashire). c. 18
Naturalization of John and Anne Trumball, William, Edward and Sidney Bere and Samuel Wentworth. c. 19
1631–1640
1640 (16 Cha. 1)
The first session of the 5th Parliament of King Charles I (the 'Long Parliament') which met from 3 November 1640 until 21 August 1642.
Notes:
This session was traditionally cited as 16 Car. 1; it is listed in the "Chronological Table of the Statutes" as 16 Cha. 1
Private Act c. 1 is printed as Public Act c. 38 in "The Statutes of the Realm"; it is also listed in the "Chronological Table of the Statutes" as c. 38
Acts in this session were passed between 1641 and 1642
Public Acts
Triennial Act 1641 c. 1 An Act for preventing of Inconveniences happening by the long Intermission of Parliaments. (16 February 1641) — repealed by Triennial Parliaments Act 1664
(Taxation) c. 2 An Act for Relief of His Majesty's Army and the Northern Parts of the Kingdom. (16 February 1641) — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Taxation) c. 3 An Act for the reforming of some things mistaken in the late act made in this present parliament for the granting of four subsidies, intituled, "An act for the relief of his Majesty's army, and the northern parts of this kingdom," and to make good the acts of the commissions and other officers by them authorized or appointed, and to be authorized or appointed. (25 March 1641) — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Taxation) c. 4 An Act for the relief of his Majesty's army, and the northern parts of the kingdom.
(Impressment of seamen) c. 5 An Act for the better raising and levying of mariners, sailors and others for the present guarding of the seas, and necessary defence of the realm. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Michaelmas term) c. 6 An Act concerning the limitation and abbreviation of Michaelmas term. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Parliament) c. 7 – An Act to prevent inconveniences which may happen by the untimely adjourning, proroguing, or dissolving this present Parliament. (10 May 1641) — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Taxation) c. 8 — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Taxation) c. 9 An Act for the speedy Provision of Money, for disbanding the Armies and settling the Peace of the Two Kingdoms of England and Scotland. (3 July 1641) — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
Habeas Corpus Act 1640 c. 10 An Act for the regulating of the privy council, and for taking away the court commonly called the star-chamber. (5 July 1641) — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
Abolition of High Commission Court Act 1640 c. 11 A repeal of a branch of a statute primo Elizabethæ, concerning commissions for causes ecclesiastical. (5 July 1641)
(Taxation) c. 12 — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Payment for billets) c. 13 An Act for the securing of such Monies as are or shall be due to the Inhabitants of the County of Yorke, and the other adjoining Counties, wherein His Majesty's Army is or hath been billeted, for the Billet of the Soldiers of the said Army; as also to certain Officers of the said Army, who do forbear Part of their Pay, according to an Order in that Behalf made in the House of Commons this present Session, for such Part of their Pay as they shall forbear. (7 August 1641) — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
Ship Money Act 1640 c. 14 An Act for the declaring unlawful and void the late Proceedings touching Ship-money, and for the vacating of all Records and Process concerning the same. (7 August 1641) — repealed by Statute Law (Repeals) Act 1969
(Stannaries Court) c. 15 An Act against divers Incroachments and Oppressions in the Stannary Courts. (7 August 1641)
Delimitation of Forests Act 1640 c. 16 An Act for the Certainty of Forests, and of the Meers, Metes, Limits, and Bounds of the Forests. (7 August 1641) — repealed by Wild Creatures and Forest Laws Act 1971
Pacification, England and Scotland Act 1640 c. 17 An Act for the Confirmation of the Treaty of Pacification between the Two Kingdoms of England and Scotland. (10 August 1641) — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Payment to Scotland) c. 18 An Act for securing by Publick Faith the Remainder of the Friendly Assistance and Relief promised to our Brethren of Scotland. (10 August 1641) — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
Clerk of the Market Act 1640 c. 19 – An Act for the better ordering and regulating of the Office of the Clerk of the Market, allowed and confirmed by this Statute; and for the Reformation of false Weights and Measures. (10 August 1641) — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Knighthood) c. 20 An Act for the Prevention of vexatious Proceedings touching the Order of Knighthood. (10 August 1641) — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Gunpowder) c. 21 An Act for the free bringing in of Gunpowder and Salt-petre from Foreign Parts, and for the free making of Gunpowder in this Realm. (10 August 1641) — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Subsidy) c. 22 — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Impressment of seamen) c. 23 An Act for pressing of Mariners and Sailors, for the present Guarding of the Seas, and the Defence of His Majesty's Dominions. (15 January 1642)
(Piracy) c. 24 An Act for the freeing of the Captives at Algier; and to prevent the taking of others. (15 January 1642) — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Taxation) c. 25 — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Impressment of seamen) c. 26 An Act for the better raising and levying of Mariners, Sailors, and others, for the present guarding of the Seas, and necessary Defence of this Realm and other of His Majesty's Dominions. (4 February 1642) — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
Clergy Act 1640 c. 27 An Act for the disenabling all persons in holy orders to exercise any temporal jurisdiction or authority. (14 February 1642)
(Impressment of soldiers) c. 28 An Act for the raising of soldiers for the defence of England and Ireland. (14 February 1642) — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Subsidy) c. 29 — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
Relief of Ireland Act 1640 c. 30 An Act for a contribution and loan for the distressed people of Ireland. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Taxation) c. 31 — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Taxation) c. 32
Adventurers' Act 1640 c. 33 An Act for reducing the rebels in Ireland to their obedience to his Majesty and the crown of England. (19 March 1642) — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1950
(Lands of Irish rebels; adventurers' subscriptions) c. 34 – An Act for the explanation of a former act for reducing the rebels in Ireland. (6 April 1642) — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1950
(Lands of Irish rebels; adventurers' subscriptions) c. 35 – An Act to enable corporations to adventure to Ireland. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1950
(Taxation) c. 36
Irish Rebels Act 1640 c. 37 An Act for the further reducing of the rebels in Ireland to their obedience to the King and crown of England. — repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1863
(Attainder of Earl of Strafford) c. 38
Private Acts
Earl of Strafford's attainder. c. 1
Marquis of Winchester's estate: enabling grant of leases of three lives or 21 years of lands in Hampshire. c. 2
Naturalization of Dorothy Spencer. c. 3
Earl of Winchelsea's estate: sale and leasing of lands for payment of debts. c. 4
Estate of Elizabeth, Dowager Countess of Exeter: vesting in her the site of St. Leonard's Hospital, Newark-upon-Trent (Nottinghamshire) and vesting other property in the hospital in lieu. c. 5
Hoole Chapel (Lancashire): making it a parish church. c. 6 An Act for the making of the Chapel of Hoole, in the County of Lancaster, a Parish Church, and no Part of the Parish of Croston. (7 August 1641)
John Eggar's Free School, Alton (Hampshire). c. 7 An Act for John Eggar's Free-school, within the Parish of Alton, in the County of Southampton. (7 August 1641)
Settling property on Katherine, Dowager Countess of Bedford, William, Earl of Bedford, John Russell and Edward Russell. c. 8 An Act for the settling of certain Manors, Lands, Tenements, and Hereditaments, on Katherine Countess Dowager of Bedford, William now Earl of Bedford, John Russell and Edward Russell, Esquires, Sons of Francis Earl of Bedford, deceased. (7 August 1641)
Confirmation of letters patent to Plymouth, division of the parish and erection of a new church. c. 9 An Act for the Confirmation of His Majesty's Letters Patents to the Town of Plymouth, and for dividing the Parish and building of a new Church there. (7 August 1641)
Bishop of London's estate: alteration of the tenure of lands held of the manor of Fulham. c. 10 An Act for the Alteration of the Estate and Tenure of some Lands, within the Parish of Fulham, in the County of Middlesex, held of the Lord Bishop of London, as of the Manor of Fulham. (7 August 1641)
Settlement of manor of Belgrave and other lands (Leicestershire) on William Byerly towards payment of debts of William Davenport deceased. c. 11 An Act to settle the Manor of Belgrave, and other Lands, in the County of Leycester, to and upon William Byerly, Esquire, his Heirs and Assigns, for (fn. 5) and towards Payment of the Debts of William Davenport, Esquire, deceased. (7 August 1641)
Sir Alexander Denton's estate: power to sell manor of Barford St Michael (Oxfordshire) for payment of debts and preferment of children. c. 12 An Act to enable Sir Alexander Denton, Knight, to sell the Manor of Great Barvard, alias Barford Saint Michaell, and other Lands in this present Act mentioned, for the Payment of his Debts, and Preferment of his younger Children. (7 August 1641)
Bishop of Durham's estate: assurance of Durham House, St Martin in-the-Fields to Philip, Earl of Pembroke, and a yearly rent of £200 to the Bishop of Durham and his successors in lieu. c. 13
See also
List of Acts of the Parliament of England
References
1603
17th century in English law | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Acts%20of%20the%20Parliament%20of%20England%2C%201603%E2%80%931641 |
In mathematical optimization, constrained optimization (in some contexts called constraint optimization) is the process of optimizing an objective function with respect to some variables in the presence of constraints on those variables. The objective function is either a cost function or energy function, which is to be minimized, or a reward function or utility function, which is to be maximized. Constraints can be either hard constraints, which set conditions for the variables that are required to be satisfied, or soft constraints, which have some variable values that are penalized in the objective function if, and based on the extent that, the conditions on the variables are not satisfied.
Relation to constraint-satisfaction problems
The constrained-optimization problem (COP) is a significant generalization of the classic constraint-satisfaction problem (CSP) model. COP is a CSP that includes an objective function to be optimized. Many algorithms are used to handle the optimization part.
General form
A general constrained minimization problem may be written as follows:
where and are constraints that are required to be satisfied (these are called hard constraints), and is the objective function that needs to be optimized subject to the constraints.
In some problems, often called constraint optimization problems, the objective function is actually the sum of cost functions, each of which penalizes the extent (if any) to which a soft constraint (a constraint which is preferred but not required to be satisfied) is violated.
Solution methods
Many constrained optimization algorithms can be adapted to the unconstrained case, often via the use of a penalty method. However, search steps taken by the unconstrained method may be unacceptable for the constrained problem, leading to a lack of convergence. This is referred to as the Maratos effect.
Equality constraints
Substitution method
For very simple problems, say a function of two variables subject to a single equality constraint, it is most practical to apply the method of substitution. The idea is to substitute the constraint into the objective function to create a composite function that incorporates the effect of the constraint. For example, assume the objective is to maximize subject to . The constraint implies , which can be substituted into the objective function to create . The first-order necessary condition gives , which can be solved for and, consequently, .
Lagrange multiplier
If the constrained problem has only equality constraints, the method of Lagrange multipliers can be used to convert it into an unconstrained problem whose number of variables is the original number of variables plus the original number of equality constraints. Alternatively, if the constraints are all equality constraints and are all linear, they can be solved for some of the variables in terms of the others, and the former can be substituted out of the objective function, leaving an unconstrained problem in a smaller number of variables.
Inequality constraints
With inequality constraints, the problem can be characterized in terms of the geometric optimality conditions, Fritz John conditions and Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions, under which simple problems may be solvable.
Linear programming
If the objective function and all of the hard constraints are linear and some hard constraints are inequalities, then the problem is a linear programming problem. This can be solved by the simplex method, which usually works in polynomial time in the problem size but is not guaranteed to, or by interior point methods which are guaranteed to work in polynomial time.
Nonlinear programming
If the objective function or some of the constraints are nonlinear, and some constraints are inequalities, then the problem is a nonlinear programming problem.
Quadratic programming
If all the hard constraints are linear and some are inequalities, but the objective function is quadratic, the problem is a quadratic programming problem. It is one type of nonlinear programming. It can still be solved in polynomial time by the ellipsoid method if the objective function is convex; otherwise the problem may be NP hard.
KKT conditions
Allowing inequality constraints, the KKT approach to nonlinear programming generalizes the method of Lagrange multipliers. It can be applied under differentiability and convexity.
Branch and bound
Constraint optimization can be solved by branch-and-bound algorithms. These are backtracking algorithms storing the cost of the best solution found during execution and using it to avoid part of the search. More precisely, whenever the algorithm encounters a partial solution that cannot be extended to form a solution of better cost than the stored best cost, the algorithm backtracks, instead of trying to extend this solution.
Assuming that cost is to be minimized, the efficiency of these algorithms depends on how the cost that can be obtained from extending a partial solution is evaluated. Indeed, if the algorithm can backtrack from a partial solution, part of the search is skipped. The lower the estimated cost, the better the algorithm, as a lower estimated cost is more likely to be lower than the best cost of solution found so far.
On the other hand, this estimated cost cannot be lower than the effective cost that can be obtained by extending the solution, as otherwise the algorithm could backtrack while a solution better than the best found so far exists. As a result, the algorithm requires an upper bound on the cost that can be obtained from extending a partial solution, and this upper bound should be as small as possible.
A variation of this approach called Hansen's method uses interval methods. It inherently implements rectangular constraints.
First-choice bounding functions
One way for evaluating this upper bound for a partial solution is to consider each soft constraint separately. For each soft constraint, the maximal possible value for any assignment to the unassigned variables is assumed. The sum of these values is an upper bound because the soft constraints cannot assume a higher value. It is exact because the maximal values of soft constraints may derive from different evaluations: a soft constraint may be maximal for while another constraint is maximal for .
Russian doll search
This method runs a branch-and-bound algorithm on problems, where is the number of variables. Each such problem is the subproblem obtained by dropping a sequence of variables from the original problem, along with the constraints containing them. After the problem on variables is solved, its optimal cost can be used as an upper bound while solving the other problems,
In particular, the cost estimate of a solution having as unassigned variables is added to the cost that derives from the evaluated variables. Virtually, this corresponds on ignoring the evaluated variables and solving the problem on the unassigned ones, except that the latter problem has already been solved. More precisely, the cost of soft constraints containing both assigned and unassigned variables is estimated as above (or using an arbitrary other method); the cost of soft constraints containing only unassigned variables is instead estimated using the optimal solution of the corresponding problem, which is already known at this point.
There is similarity between the Russian Doll Search method and dynamic programming. Like dynamic programming, Russian Doll Search solves sub-problems in order to solve the whole problem. But, whereas Dynamic Programming
directly combines the results obtained on sub-problems to get the result of the whole problem, Russian Doll Search only uses them as bounds during its search.
Bucket elimination
The bucket elimination algorithm can be adapted for constraint optimization. A given variable can be indeed removed from the problem by replacing all soft constraints containing it with a new soft constraint. The cost of this new constraint is computed assuming a maximal value for every value of the removed variable. Formally, if is the variable to be removed, are the soft constraints containing it, and are their variables except , the new soft constraint is defined by:
Bucket elimination works with an (arbitrary) ordering of the variables. Every variable is associated a bucket of constraints; the bucket of a variable contains all constraints having the variable has the highest in the order. Bucket elimination proceed from the last variable to the first. For each variable, all constraints of the bucket are replaced as above to remove the variable. The resulting constraint is then placed in the appropriate bucket.
See also
Constrained least squares
Distributed constraint optimization
Constraint satisfaction problem (CSP)
Constraint programming
Integer programming
Penalty method
Superiorization
References
Further reading
Mathematical optimization
Constraint programming | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constrained%20optimization |
Palais Trautson is a Baroque palace in Vienna, Austria, located at Museumstraße 7. It was once owned by the noble Trautson family.
History
The land on which the palace is built originally belonged to Countess Maria Margareta Trautson in 1657 and consisted of a small house and a vineyard. After the Battle of Vienna, During repairs Johann Leopold Donat von Trautson, the prince of Troutson, commissioned Christian Alexander Oedtl to build the palace in 1712. Oedtl used designs by Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach. In 1760, the palace was bought by Empress Maria Theresa of Austria for 40,000 Guilders, who then gave the palace to the Hungarian Guard. The Hungarian Guard converted the palace's garden to a riding school and the orangery to the stables. Since 1920, the Hungarian Historical Institute in Vienna, and since 1924 the Collegium Hungaricum were headquartered in the palace. In 1961, the Hungarian government sold the palace.
References
External links
Trautson
Baroque architecture in Vienna
Houses completed in 1712 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palais%20Trautson |
Sir John Lawson Ormrod Andrews (15 July 1903 – 12 January 1986) was a member of both the Northern Ireland House of Commons and the Senate of Northern Ireland.
Son of Prime Minister J. M. Andrews, he was educated at Moure Grange Preparatory School, County Down, and Shrewsbury School. Andrews entered Parliament as MP for Mid Down in 1953 (replacing his father), a seat which he represented until his resignation in 1964, when he was elected to the Senate where he sat until the Parliament was prorogued in 1972. His election to the senate was following a cabinet reshuffle, in which Andrews accepted demotion to the politically unimportant position of Government Minister in the Senate.
He held several Cabinet positions, including Minister in the Senate from 1964 and Deputy Prime Minister from May 1969. He was a contender for the position of Prime Minister on the retirement of Lord Brookeborough, but when it became clear that Terence O'Neill had a comfortable lead over both Andrews and Brian Faulkner in the parliamentary party, no contest was held. In 1969 he was approached by O'Neill to succeed him, but he refused and James Chichester-Clark was elected
During the 1970 Bannside and South Antrim by-elections, Andrews was at the centre of the UUP's pluralist campaign against Ian Paisley's Protestant Unionist Party, declaring "What does Protestant Unionism mean? Does it mean that you have to put a sign over the door of the Unionist Party saying Protestants only?"
Andrews was knighted in 1973. In retirement, he served as President of the Unionist Party of Northern Ireland.
References
Ireland since 1939, Henry Patterson (2001, Oxford University Press)
A history of the Ulster Unionist Party, Graham Walker (2004, Manchester University Press)
Memoirs of a statesman, Brian Faulkner (1978, Weidenfeld and Nicolson)
1903 births
1986 deaths
Knights Commander of the Order of the British Empire
Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1953–1958
Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1958–1962
Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1962–1965
Northern Ireland Cabinet ministers (Parliament of Northern Ireland)
Members of the Privy Council of Northern Ireland
Members of the Senate of Northern Ireland 1961–1965
Members of the Senate of Northern Ireland 1965–1969
Members of the Senate of Northern Ireland 1969–1973
Ulster Scots people
Ulster Unionist Party members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland
Unionist Party of Northern Ireland politicians
Ministers of Finance of Northern Ireland
Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland for County Down constituencies
Ulster Unionist Party members of the Senate of Northern Ireland | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack%20Andrews |
Palais Chotek is a Baroque palace in Vienna, Austria. It is located at Währinger Straße 28 in the IX. district of Alsergrund.
The building is named after the noble Chotek family. For over a century, it has been the headquarters of the Friedrich Otto Schmidt home furnishings company.
External links
Chotek
Baroque architecture in Vienna
Buildings and structures in Alsergrund
Chotek family | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palais%20Chotek |
Zapolyarny (; masculine), Zapolyarnaya (; feminine), or Zapolyarnoye (; neuter) is the name of several urban localities in Russia:
Zapolyarny, Murmansk Oblast, a town in Pechengsky District of Murmansk Oblast
Zapolyarny, Komi Republic, an urban-type settlement under the administrative jurisdiction of Komsomolsky Urban-Type Settlement Administrative Territory under the administrative jurisdiction of the town of republic significance of Vorkuta in the Komi Republic
Zapolyarny, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, an urban-type settlement in Nadymsky District of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zapolyarny%20%28inhabited%20locality%29 |
The Welsh Varsity is an annual sporting event contested by Cardiff University and Swansea University, usually in early April. The sports contested include rugby union, hockey, cricket, squash, badminton, lacrosse, rowing, golf, basketball, football, American football, ultimate frisbee, netball, volleyball, fencing and an array of other sports. Profits go to charity. The event is held over the course of a week, with some sports competing over a weekend due to the nature of the sport. The majority of the games are held on the Wednesday afternoon, with the centrepiece rugby union match between the two sides held in the evening and often attended by in excess of 18,000 supporters.
Rugby union
The showpiece event of the Welsh Varsity is the rugby union fixture played between the men's teams of the two universities. The event began in 1997 and for the first six years alternated venues between the Cardiff Arms Park and St. Helen's in Swansea. Between 2003 and 2006, it was played at Brewery Field, home of Bridgend RFC, halfway between the two cities. It returned to the Arms Park for three years from 2007 to 2009, followed by a year at Swansea's Liberty Stadium. Since then, the match has been divided between the Liberty Stadium and Cardiff's Millennium Stadium.
As of 2019, Swansea have won 13 of the 23 Varsity Matches played, while Cardiff have won nine, including a record 78–7 victory in the most recent match on 10 April 2019. The only drawn match came in 2001.
Summary
Overall
Records
Note: Date shown in brackets indicates when the record was or last set.
Results
Notable participants
Some of those who have played in the Welsh Varsity Match have gone on to win international honours. These include:
Alun Wyn Jones (Swansea University)
Richie Pugh (Swansea University)
Dwayne Peel (Swansea University)
Welsh Boat Race
The inaugural Welsh Boat Race was held in 2006. The Welsh Boat Race has continued to grow due to support from the respective athletic unions, and sponsorship deals. The venue for the boat race has historically been the River Taff, but the venue for 2010 was the River Tawe. The event was historically held on a Wednesday to coincide with the other Varsity games but due to increasing popularity from alumni, parents and the general public, the event has now been moved to the weekend.
Varsity Shield
Over the course of the day, several sports are contested, with a point awarded for each event won. The university with the most points at the end of the day is awarded the Welsh Varsity Shield. In 2017 the shield was won by Swansea University for the first time.
Coverage
The Welsh Varsity event is covered in its entirety by both universities' student newspapers and radio stations (Cardiff's Xpress Radio and Swansea's Xtreme Radio). Since 2009, it has also been covered by Cardiff Union Television (CUTV). The men's rugby union match is also broadcast live nationally by the Welsh-language channel S4C.
References
External links
Official Welsh Varsity Website
Official Swansea University Welsh Varsity microsite
Cardiff University RFC - Varsity
Cardiff University Student Union - Sports
Swansea University RFC - Varsity
Swansea University Student Union - Varsity
Swansea University Hockey Club
Rugby union competitions in Wales
Cardiff University
Student sport rivalries in the United Kingdom
Sport at Swansea University
Sport in Cardiff
University and college rugby union competitions | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welsh%20Varsity |
Palais Erdődy, also called the Palais Esterházy, was a palace in Vienna, Austria. It was commissioned by Nikolaus II, Prince Esterházy in 1802 to be designed and built by Karl von Moreau.
The palace was three stories high and built in the Empire style. The entrance was an enormous archway with a coffered ceiling. From there, a staircase decorated with Corinthian columns led to an elegant ballroom with mirrored double-doors, walls clad in white, artificial marble, gilded capitals, frescoes, and a richly decorated parquet. It was considered one of the best examples of 19th-century architecture.
The palace was subsequently sold by the Esterházy family to the Erdődy family, under whom the palace was renamed. It was slightly damaged during World War II. The new owners, the Verein der Freunde des Wohnungseigentums (Association of the Friends of Real Estate), had the building demolished in 1955 to make way for a new building.
References
Buildings and structures in Innere Stadt
Erdody
Esterházy family
Erdődy family
Buildings and structures demolished in 1955
Demolished buildings and structures in Austria | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palais%20Erd%C5%91dy |
Wantha Davis (January 3, 1917 – September 18, 2012) was an American female jockey in thoroughbred horse racing.
Born Wantha Lorena Bangs near Liberal, Kansas, she married horse breeder Lendol Davis. After graduating from high school, Bangs rode a freight train to Texas, where she found work in the stables at a thoroughbred racetrack. A year later she was back in Kansas, where she began her career as a jockey. Competing in a male-dominated sport, over the next twenty-plus years Davis won more than one thousand races at a time when women were refused licensing.
Her success was such that many major sports writers considered her to be among the top jockeys in the United States. In 1949, she defeated the great Johnny Longden in an exhibition match race at Agua Caliente Racetrack in Tijuana, Mexico, prompting Longden to immediately demand a rematch. A few months later, on April 30, 1950, Davis followed up with a similar match race victory over another future National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame jockey, Jack Westrope.
In 2004, Davis was inducted into the Hall of Fame at the National Cowgirl Museum in Fort Worth, Texas.
She died peacefully on September 18, 2012, surrounded by her family.
References
External links
Wantha Davis website
Wantha Davis at the National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame
1917 births
2012 deaths
People from Liberal, Kansas
American female jockeys
Cowgirl Hall of Fame inductees
American jockeys
21st-century American women | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wantha%20Davis |
The Battle of Pine Bluff, also known as the Action at Pine Bluff, was an engagement fought on October 25, 1863 in Jefferson County, Arkansas during the American Civil War. The Post of Pine Bluff, a United States garrison commanded by Colonel Powell Clayton, successfully defended the town against attacks led by Confederate Brigadier-General John S. Marmaduke's cavalry division. Much of the fighting took place near Jefferson Courthouse, which the Confederates tried unsuccessfully to set ablaze. The Union victory ensured Pine Bluff was occupied by U.S. forces until the end of the war.
Background
After the capture of Little Rock on September 10, 1863, Union forces occupied several towns along the Arkansas. Confederate Brigadier-General John S. Marmaduke, commanding a cavalry division, decided to test their strength at Pine Bluff. On Sunday, October 25th, Marmaduke attacked the Post of Pine Bluff, a U.S. garrison commanded by Colonel Powell Clayton of the 5th Kansas Cavalry.
Battle
At , Marmaduke's 2,000 Confederate cavalry approached Pine Bluff from three sides. The 550 Federal cavalrymen and Missouri militia, supported by 300 freedmen, barricaded the courthouse square with cotton-bales and positioned the cannon to command the adjacent streets. Marmaduke's Division made several attacks upon the square, then attempted to set the county courthouse on fire. They were unsuccessful and withdrew to Princeton, Arkansas.
See also
List of American Civil War battles
Troop engagements of the American Civil War, 1863
References
Further reading
External links
Battle of Pine Bluff at Historical Marker Database
1863 in Arkansas
1863 in the American Civil War
Battles of the American Civil War in Arkansas
Battles of the Trans-Mississippi Theater of the American Civil War
Cavalry raids of the American Civil War
Battle of Pine Bluff
October 1863 events
Union victories of the American Civil War
Pine Bluff | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle%20of%20Pine%20Bluff |
Stone is a surname of Old English origin which means "stone".
List of people with the surname
A
Adam Stone, American professor and political scientist
Alan Stone (disambiguation), several people, including
Alan A. Stone (1929–2022), American scholar of law and psychology at Harvard, and film critic
Alan Stone (opera director) (1929–2008), founder of the Chicago Opera Theater
Alan Stone (wrestler) (born 1977), Mexican professional wrestler
Albert Stone (born 1928), owner of Sterilite and a philanthropist from Townsend, Massachusetts
Alfred Stone (disambiguation), several people, including:
Alfred Stone (musician) (1840–1878), English organist and choir-trainer
Alfred Stone (1834–1908), American architect from Rhode Island; partner in Stone, Carpenter & Willson
Alfred Holt Stone (1879–1955), American planter, writer, politician, from Mississippi
Alfred P. Stone (1813–1865), American politician from Ohio
Allan Stone (born 1945), Australian tennis player
Allen Stone (born 1987), American musician
Amy Wentworth Stone (1876–1938), American children's book author
Andrew Stone (disambiguation), several people
Andrew Stone, Baron Stone of Blackheath (born 1942), Labour member of the House of Lords
Andrew Stone (cricketer) (born 1983), Zimbabwean cricketer
Andrew Stone (field hockey), represented United States at the 1984 Summer Olympics
Andrew Stone (footballer) for Indy Eleven
Andrew Stone (MP) (1703–1773), British MP for Hastings, 1741–1761
Andrew Stone (Pineapple Dance Studios), dance instructor, cast member of English reality TV series
Andrew Stone (sailor), participated in Sailing at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Men's 470
Andrew A. Stone (1885-?), head football coach for the University of Tennessee, 1910
Andrew C. Stone (born 1956), American computer programmer
Andrew H. Stone, American judge in the State of Utah
Andrew L. Stone (1902–1999), American screenwriter, director, and producer
Andrew Leete Stone (1815–1892), author, Civil War chaplain and pastor
Angie Stone (born 1961), American R&B singer
Anthony Stone, British theoretical chemist
Arthur Stone (disambiguation), several people, including:
Arthur Stone (priest) (died 1927), Irish-English Anglican priest and Archdeacon of Calcutta
Arthur J. Stone (1847–1938), American silversmith
Arthur Burr Stone (1874–1943), American aviation pioneer
Arthur Stone (actor) (1883–1940), American film actor
Arthur Thomas Stone (1897–1988), politician in Saskatchewan, Canada
Arthur Harold Stone (1916–2000), British mathematician
Arthur Stone (rugby union) (born 1960), New Zealand rugby union player
B
Barton Warren Stone (1772–1844), preacher during the Second Great Awakening of the early 19th century
Bernard Stone (1927–2005), alderman of the 50th Ward in Chicago
Bill Stone (footballer) (1894–1975), Australian rules footballer for Fitzroy
Bill Stone (politician) (born 1965), member of the Mississippi State Senate
Bill Stone (Royal Navy sailor) (1900–2009) British veteran of WWI and WWII
Billy Stone (American football) (1925–2004), running back
Billy Stone (arena football) (born 1963), American football fullback
Billy Stone (Australian footballer) (1901–1993), Australian rules footballer for Carlton
Billy Stone (rugby league), English rugby union and rugby league footballer who played in the 1910s and 1920s
Biz Stone (Christopher Isaac Stone, born 1974), American entrepreneur who co-founded Twitter
C
Carl Stone (born 1953), American composer
Charles Stone (disambiguation), several people, including
Sir Charles Stone (mayor) (1850–1931), mayor of Greenwich, England, 1915–1920
Charles Stone III (born 1966), American film director, son of Chuck Stone
Charles B. Stone III (1904–1992), United States Air Force general
Charles D. Stone (1920–1992), Pennsylvania politician
Charles Edwin Stone (1889–1952), English recipient of the Victoria Cross
Charles Joel Stone (1936–2019), American statistician and mathematician
Charles Stone (English cricketer) (1865–1951), English cricketer
Charles Stone (New Zealand cricketer) (1866–1903), New Zealand cricketer
Charles Stone (priest) (died 1799), Anglican priest in Ireland
Charles P. Stone (1915–2012), American major general and commander of the 4th Infantry Division in the Vietnam War
Charles Pomeroy Stone (1824–1887), Union general during the American Civil War
Charles Warren Stone (1843–1912), United States Representative from and Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania
Charlie Stone (rugby league) (1950–2018), English rugby league player
Cheryl Stone, South African-born co-founder of Bangarra Dance Theatre, an Indigenous dance company in Australia
Chic Stone (1923–2000), comic book artist
Chris Stone (Animation Director), Animation director of Dead Space (video game) and other games
Chris Stone (entrepreneur), co-founder of the Record Plant recording studios
Chris Stone (footballer) (born 1959), Australian rules footballer
Chris Stone (sprinter) (born 1995), British sprint athlete and runner-up at the 2019 British Indoor Athletics Championships
Christopher Stone (disambiguation), several people, including
Christopher Stone (MP) (1556–1614), English politician
Christopher Stone (actor) (1942–1995), American actor
Christopher Stone (broadcaster) (1882–1965), first disc jockey in the United Kingdom
Christopher Stone (cricketer) (born 1951), English cricketer
Christopher Stone (criminal justice expert), American criminal justice expert
Christopher Stone, Research Director, Centre for Policy Development, Australia
Christopher Stone, contestant in series 4 of Britain's Got Talent
C.J. Stone (Christopher James Stone, born 1953), author, journalist and freelance writer
Chuck Stone (1924–2014), journalist and Tuskegee airman
Clara Stone Fields Collins (1908–1981), Alabama legislator
Cliffie Stone (1917–1998), American country singer, musician, record producer, music publisher, and radio and TV personality
Clyde E. Stone (1876–1948), American jurist
Curt Stone (1922–2021), American long-distance runner
D
Daren Stone (born 1985), National Football League defensive back for Atlanta Falcons
Dave Stone (born 1964), British author of several Dr. Who and Judge Dredd spin-off novels
David Stone (disambiguation), several people, including
David B. Stone (1927–2010), American businessman
David E. Stone (born 1947), American sound editor
David Henry Stone (1812–1890), Lord Mayor of London in 1874
David John Anthony Stone (born 1947), British Army officer and military historian
David Lee Stone (born 1978), British fantasy author
David R. Stone (born 1968), American military historian
David Scott Stone, musician
David Stone (cyclist) (born 1981), British cyclist
David Stone (footballer) (born 1942), English footballer
David Stone (keyboardist) (born 1953), keyboardist
David Stone (magician) (born 1972), French magician
David Stone (politician) (1770–1818), American politician, Governor of North Carolina and U.S. Senator
David Stone (producer) (born 1966), American theatre and musical producer</onlyinclude>
Dean Stone (1929–2018), Major League Baseball pitcher
Devin James Stone, American lawyer and YouTuber
Don Stone (publisher), DJ, publisher and businessman
Donnie Stone, American football player
Donna J. Stone (1933–1994), American poet and philanthropist
Doug Stone (born 1956), American country singer
Doug Stone (voice actor) (born 1950), Canadian voice actor
Douglas Stone (disambiguation), several people, including
Douglas M. Stone, United States Marine Corps general officer
Douglas Maxwell Stone (born 1948), Australian geologist and author
Doug Stone (born 1956), American country music singer
Doug Stone (voice actor) (born 1950), American actor
E
Edmund Stone (c. 1700 – c. 1768), Scottish mathematician
Edward Stone (disambiguation), several people, including
Edward Stone (natural philosopher) (1702–1768), English cleric and discoverer of active ingredient in aspirin
Edward James Stone (1831–1897), British astronomer, president of the Royal Astronomical Society 1882–1884
Edward Albert Stone (1844–1920), Australian judge, chief justice in Western Australia
Edward Giles Stone (1873–1947), Australian engineer working with reinforced concrete and manufacturing cement
Edward Durell Stone (1902–1978), American modernist architect
Edward C. Stone or Ed Stone (born 1936), American astronomer
Edward R. Stone (died 2012), American swimmer and diver, later an educator
Edward Daniel Stone (1832–1916), deacon, classical scholar and schoolmaster at Eton College
Edward Durell Stone Jr. (1932–2009), American landscape architect
Eliphalet Stone (disambiguation), several people
Elizabeth Stone (disambiguation), several people
Elmer Fowler Stone (1887–1936), aviator and commander in the US Coast Guard
Emma Stone (born 1988), American actress and singer
Eugenia Stone (1872–1934), Australian journalist, later Lady Doughty
Ezra Stone (1917–1994), American actor
F
Francis Gordon Albert Stone (1925–2011), British chemist
Frank Stone (Wisconsin politician) (1876–1937), American politician
Fred Stone (1873–1959), American theater and film actor
Fred Stone (musician) (1935–1986), Canadian musician
Freddie Stone (born 1946), Sly & the Family Stone singer/guitarist
Frederick Stone (1820–1899), American politician from Maryland
G
Galen L. Stone (1862–1926), American financier and philanthropist
George Stone (disambiguation), several people including
George Stone (basketball) (1946–1993), American basketball player
George Stone (bishop) (1708–1764), Irish archbishop and sermon writer
George Stone (composer) (born 1965), American composer and educator
George Stone (outfielder) (1876–1945), American Major League Baseball batting champion
George Stone (pitcher) (born 1946), American baseball pitcher
George Stone (politician) (1907–2001), British socialist journalist
George Albert Stone III (born 1994), American rapper known professionally as EST Gee
George Cameron Stone (1858–1935), American arms collector and author
George E. Stone (1903–1967), Polish-born American actor
George Frederick Stone (1812–1875), Western Australia Attorney General and census writer
George Lawrence Stone (1886–1967), American drummer and author
Georgie Stone (1909–2010), American silent film child actor in Rio Grande (1920 film)
Georgie Stone (born 2000), Australian actress and transgender rights advocate
Geno Stone (born 1999), American football player
Gordon Stone (rugby union) (Charles Gordon Stone, 1914–2015), Australian rugby union player
Grace Zaring Stone (1891–1991), American author
H
Hal Stone (died 2007), American actor
Harlan Fiske Stone (1872–1946), Chief Justice of the United States
Henry Stone (disambiguation), several people, including
Henry Stone born Henry David Epstein (1921–2014), American record company executive
Henry Stone (comedian) (born 1988), Australian comedian, writer, and actor
Henry Stone (painter) (1616–1653), English painter
Henry Stone, 1887 mayor of Shire of Hinchinbrook
Herbert L. Stone, an American magazine editor and publisher, and a renowned sailor
Homer A. Stone (1868–1938), American politician
Horace M. Stone (1890–1944), New York politician
I
I. F. Stone (Isidor Feinstein Stone, 1907–1989), American journalist
Isabelle Stone, (1868–1944), American physicist
Irving Stone (1903–1989), American author
Irwin Stone (1907–1984) biochemist
Ivan Brude Stone (1907-1985), American businessman and politician
J
J. F. S. Stone (John Frederick Smerdon Stone, c. 1891–1957), British archaeologist
J. N. Stone (1882–1926), college football and basketball coach
J. Riley Stone (1886–1978), Wisconsin State Assemblyman
James Stone (disambiguation), several people including
James Stone, ring name of James Maritato, American wrestler
James Stone (academic administrator), first president of Kalamazoo College, involved in the founding of the United States Republican Party
James Stone (American football) (born 1992), American football player
James Stone (executive) (born 1947), American business executive
Jamie Stone (politician) (born 1954), Scottish politician
James L. Stone (1922–2012), United States Army officer and Medal of Honor recipient
James M. Stone, politician in the Massachusetts House of Representatives
James Riley Stone (1908–2005), Canadian military commander of the Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry during the Battle of Kapyong
James W. Stone (1813–1854), United States Representative from Kentucky
Jamie Magnus Stone (born 1985), Scottish film director and animator
Jeff Stone (disambiguation), several people including
Jeff Stone (author) (active since 2003), American author of Kung Fu themed books for children
Jeff Stone (baseball) (born 1960), American former baseball outfielder
Jeff Stone (California politician) (born 1956), American politician in California State Senate since 2014
Jeff Stone (Wisconsin politician) (born 1961), American politician in Wisconsin State Assembly
B. Jeff Stone (1936–2011), American rockabilly and country singer
Jeffrey Stone (1926–2012), American actor and voice-over artist
Jennifer Stone (born 1993), American actress
Jeremy Stone (1935–2017), scientist and activist
Jesse Stone (disambiguation), several people
Jesse Stone (Georgia politician), state senator from Georgia (U.S. state)
Jesse Stone (Wisconsin politician) (1836–1902), Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin from 1899 to 1903
Jimmy Stone (1876–1942), English cricketer
Joanna Stone (born 1972), Australian javelin thrower
John Stone (disambiguation), several people including
John Stone (actor) (1924–2007), Welsh actor
John Stone (American football) (born 1979), American football player
John Stone (Australian politician) (born 1929), Australian Senator and Treasury Secretary
John Stone (baseball) (1905–1955), American baseball outfielder
John Stone (footballer) (born 1953), English footballer
John Stone (martyr) (died c. 1539), English martyr
John Stone (Parliamentarian) (before 1632 – after 1659), English politician
John Stone (MP for Wallingford) (before 1679 – after 1685), English politician
John Stone (producer) (1888–1961), American film producer and screenwriter
John Stone (1765) (1765–1834), American church deacon
John A. Stone (died 1864), American collector and publisher of folk songs
John Augustus Stone (1801–1834), American dramatist and playwright
Sir John Benjamin Stone (1838–1914), British Member of Parliament
John G. Stone (1876–1934), Newfoundland politician
John Hoskins Stone (1750–1804), American politician
John Hurford Stone (1763–1818), British radical political reformer and publisher
John Marshall Stone (1830–1900), American politician and Governor of Mississippi, 1876–1882 and 1890–1896
John N. Stone (1882–1926), American football coach at Clemson University in 1908
John Stone Stone (1869–1943), American mathematician, physicist and inventor
John Timothy Stone (1868–1954), American Presbyterian clergyman
John W. Stone (1838–1922), American politician and jurist from Michigan
John Stone (comics), character in DC Comics Planetary series
Jon Stone (1931–1997), children's television writer
Jordan Stone (born 1984), American soccer player
Joseph Stone (disambiguation), several people including
Joseph Stone, Baron Stone (1903–1986), Officer in the British Army, doctor, and royal peer
Joseph Champlin Stone (1829–1902), U.S. Representative from Iowa
Joseph Stone (screenwriter), screenwriter, see Academy Award for Best Writing (Original Screenplay)
Joshua David Stone (died 2005), author and meditation teacher
J. Stone & Co founded by Josiah Stone, British engineer
Joss Stone (born 1987), British soul singer
Julian Stone (born 1962), British actor
Julius Stone (1907–1985), professor of law
K
Kate Stone (1841–1907), diarist
L
Leonard Stone (1923–2011), television and film actor
Lewis Stone, (1879–1953), American actor
Lucinda Hinsdale Stone (1814–1900), American feminist, educator, traveler, writer, philanthropist
Lucy Stone (1818–1893), women's rights activist
M
Mark Stone (disambiguation), several people including
Mark Stone, real name Mark Kennedy (police officer) (born 1969), undercover Metropolitan Police officer in the UK
Mark Stone (baritone) (born 1969), British baritone
Mark Stone (ice hockey) (born 1992), Canadian ice hockey player
Mark Stone (journalist), Asia Correspondent of Sky News, from 2012
Mark Stone (politician), California politician
Marshall Harvey Stone (1903–1989), American mathematician
Martin Stone (disambiguation), several people, including
Martin Stone (actor), actor in British TV serial The Chronicles of Narnia
Martin Stone (guitarist) (1946–2016), guitarist and rare book dealer
Martin Stone, co-founder of the Carlin Motorsport team
Martin Stone (wrestler), British wrestler
Matt Stone (born 1971), comedian, a co-creator of the TV series South Park
Merlin Stone, sculptor, author, academic
Michael Stone (disambiguation), several people including
Michael Stone (American football) (born 1978), safety for the Houston Texans
Michael Stone (Australian Army officer), Australian Army officer
Michael Stone (author) (born 1966), English author
Michael Stone (criminal) (born 1960), English convicted murderer
Michael Stone (cyclist) (born 1991), American cyclist
Michael Stone (Hustle), a character from the UK television series Hustle
Michael Stone (ice hockey) (born 1990), Canadian ice hockey player
Michael Stone (loyalist) (born 1955), loyalist paramilitary from Northern Ireland
Michael H. Stone, American psychiatrist
Michael Stone, the nom de guerre of the American and later Israeli military officer Mickey Marcus, David "Mickey" Marcus
Michael Jenifer Stone (1747–1812), U.S. politician
Michael P. W. Stone (1925–1995), Secretary of the U.S. Army
Michael E. Stone (born 1938), scholar of Armenian studies
Mike Stone (disambiguation), several people including
Mike Stone (baseball) (born 1955), American college baseball coach
Mike Stone (defence) (born 1953), Chief Information Officer of the British Ministry of Defence
Mike Stone (ice hockey) (born 1972), retired American professional ice hockey centre
Mike Stone (karate) (born 1944), American martial arts competitor and actor
Mike Stone (lacrosse) (born 1986), current player for the Boston Cannons
Mike Stone (musician) (born 1969), guitarist for the progressive metal band Queensrÿche
Mike Stone (radio personality) (born 1958), sports radio broadcaster in Detroit, Michigan
Mike C. Stone (born 1970), American businessman and politician from North Carolina
Mike Stone (record producer) (1951–2002), English recording engineer and record producer
Mike D. Stone (1949–2017), American recording engineer
Mike Stone, founder of independent record label Clay Records, Stoke-on-Trent
Mike Stone (character), lead character of The Streets of San Francisco
Milburn Stone (1904–1980), actor
N
Nicholas Stone (1586/87–1647), English sculptor and architect
Nick Stone (disambiguation) several people, including:
Nick Stone (author) (born 1966), British thriller writer
Nick Stone (screenwriter), see Alien Intruder
Nick Stone (footballer born 1981), Australian rules footballer, played with Hawthorn & St Kilda between 2002 and 2005
Nick Stone (footballer born 1972), Australian rules footballer, played with West Coast between 1997 and 2000
Norman Stone (1941–2019), British professor of history
O
Oliver Stone (born 1946), American motion picture scriptwriter and director
P
Patrick Thomas Stone (1889–1963) United States federal judge
Pete Stone, footballer in the 1956 Summer Olympics
Peter Stone (disambiguation), several people
Peter Stone (footballer) (born 1954), Australian footballer
Pete Stone, Australian footballer in the 1956 Summer Olympics
Peter Stone (professor) (born 1971), professor in computer science at the University of Texas at Austin
Peter G. Stone (born 1957), British archaeologist
Philip Stone (1924–2003), English film actor
R
Richard Stone (disambiguation), several people including
Richard Stone (anti-racism activist) (born 1937), British medical doctor and activist
Richard Stone (composer) (1953–2001), American composer
Richard Stone (fencer) (1926–2006), Australian Olympic fencer
Richard Stone (musician), American lutenist
Richard Stone (painter) (born 1951), British portrait painter
Richard Stone (sculptor and painter) (born 1974), British sculptor and painter
Richard Stone (politician) (1928–2019), U.S. Senator from Florida
Richard Stone (priest), Archdeacon of Lewes, 1393–1395
Richard Stone, also known as Charlie Stone (rugby league) (1950–2018), English rugby league footballer who played in the 1970s, and 1980s
Richard Stone, member of rock band Mayday (Taiwanese band)
Rick Stone, rugby league football coach
Ricky Stone (born 1975), baseball pitcher
Rob Stone (actor) (born 1962), American actor and director
Rob Stone (entrepreneur) (born 1968), New York-based executive
Rob Stone (rapper) (born 1995), American rapper
Rob Stone (sportscaster), American football and soccer commentator
Robert Stone (disambiguation), several people including
Robert Stone (architect) (born 1968), American architect based in Southern California
Robert Stone (athlete) (born 1965), Australian sprinter
Robert Stone (attorney) (1866–1957), Speaker of the Kansas House of Representatives, 1915
Robert Stone (basketball) (born 1987), Australian basketball player
Robert Stone (British Army officer) (1890–1974)
Robert Stone (composer) (1516–1614), English composer
Robert Stone (cricketer) (1749–1820), English amateur cricketer
Robert Stone (director), Oscar-nominated documentary director for Radio Bikini
Robert Stone (novelist) (1937–2015), U.S. author, journalist
Robert Stone (rugby league) (1956–2005), Australian player for St. George Dragons
Robert Stone (scientist) (1922–2016), professor, doctor, director National Institutes of Health
Robert Stone (silversmith) (1903–1990), English silversmith
Robert Stone (trail guide writer) (born 1951), writer of hiking books
Robert Granville Stone (1907–2002), American philatelic scholar
Robert King Stone (1822–1872), doctor who served U.S. President Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War
Robert L. Stone (1922–2009), chief executive of the Hertz Corporation
Robert Spencer Stone (1895–1966), Canadian American pioneer in radiology, radiation therapy and radiation protection
Roger Stone (born 1952) American political consultant, author, lobbyist and strategist
Rose Stone (born 1945), Sly & the Family Stone singer/keyboardist
Royal A. Stone (1875–1942), American jurist
Ruby Stone (1924–2013), American politician
Rupert Stone (1972–2005), American serial killer
Ruth Stone (1915–2011), American poet
Ryan Stone (born 1985), ice hockey player
S
Sandy Stone (artist) (born 1936), American author and artist
Sean Stone (born 1984), film director, producer, cinematographer, screenwriter, and actor.
Shane Stone, Chief Minister of the Northern Territory (1995–1999)
Sharman Stone (born 1951), member of the Australian House of Representatives
Sharon Stone (born 1958), U.S. actress
Sly Stone (born 1944), Sly & the Family Stone singer-songwriter, frontman
Spencer Stone (born 1992), American United States Air Force staff sergeant
Steve Stone (disambiguation), several people
Stu Stone, film, television, and voice actor
T
Tanya Lee Stone (born 1965), American author
Ted G. Stone (1934–2006), Southern Baptist evangelist
Thomas Stone (1743–1787), a signer of the US Declaration of Independence as a delegate from Maryland
Thomas Treadwell Stone (1801–1895), American Unitarian pastor and abolitionist
Tobias Stone (died 2012), American bridge player
Tom Stone (disambiguation), several people including
Tom Stone (soccer), head coach of the women's soccer team at Texas Tech University
Tom Stone (photographer) (born 1971), American documentary photographer
Tom Stone (magician) (born 1967), otherwise known as Thomas Bengtsson, Swedish magician, editor and author
Thomas Treadwell Stone (1801–1895), American Unitarian pastor, Abolitionist, and Transcendentalist
Tom Stone (wrestler), American wrestler
Tony Stone (disambiguation), several people including
Tony Stone (filmmaker), American independent filmmaker
Tony Stone (music producer) (born 1982), American music producer and project developer for Christian hip hop artists
Tony Stone (Edinburgh), Scottish entrepreneur and founder of porridge maker Stoats Porridge Bars
Tuffy Stone, American competitive barbecue chef
U
Ulysses S. Stone (1878–1962), American politician from Oklahoma
V
Vet Stone (born 1949), Sly & the Family Stone singer
Vicki Stone (born 1949), American folk artist
W
Walter Stone (disambiguation), several people including
Walter Napleton Stone (1891–1917), English recipient of the Victoria Cross
Walter F. Stone (1822–1874), Republican politician and judge in Ohio
Walter W. Stone (1910–1981), Australian book publisher and book collector
Walter Stone (screenwriter) (1920–1999), chief writer for The Honeymooners
Warren Stanford Stone (1860–1925), railway engineer, headed Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers from 1903 to 1925.
William Stone (disambiguation), several people including
William Stone (attorney) (1842–1897), Freedmen's Bureau agent, Attorney General of South Carolina
William Stone (baritone) (born 1944), operatic baritone
William Stone (caver) (born 1952), expeditionary caver
William Stone (MP for Salisbury), Member of Parliament (MP) for Salisbury (UK Parliament constituency)
William Stone (Maryland governor) (1603–1660), governor of the colony of Maryland
William Stone (Tennessee politician) (1791–1853), U.S. Representative from Tennessee
William A. Stone (1846–1920), governor of Pennsylvania
William C. Stone, Chairman and CEO of SS&C Technologies
William Carlos Stone (1859–1939), philatelist
William Duncan Stone, Hong Kong judge, see Silver Bauhinia Star
William F. Stone (1909–1973), Virginia lawyer and legislator
William Frank Stone, Canadian ambassador to Afghanistan
William Henry Stone (1828–1901), U.S. representative from Missouri
William Henry Stone (MP) (1834–1896), British politician, MP for Portsmouth, 1865–1874
William Henry Stone (physician) (1830–1891), English physician, Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians
William Johnson Stone (1841–1923), US Representative from Kentucky
William J. Stone (1848–1918), governor of Missouri
William M. Stone (1827–1893), governor of Iowa
William H. Stone (politician), California politician
William Leete Stone (disambiguation), multiple people
William Murray Stone (1779–1838), American Episcopal bishop of Maryland
William Oliver Stone (1830–1875), American portrait painter
William S. Stone (1910–1968), U.S. Air Force general and U.S. Air Force Academy superintendent
Wilson Stone (disambiguation), several people:
Wilson Stone (scientist) (1907–1968), American geneticist and zoologist
Wilson Stone (politician), US politician from Kentucky
Witmer Stone (1866–1939), American ornithologist, botanist, and mammalogist
Fictional characters
Stone, fictional character in the G.I. Joe universe
Agent Stone, the secondary antagonist of the film Sonic the Hedgehog and its sequel
Benjamin Stone in the TV series Law & Order
Candace Stone, a character in the TV series You
Charlie Stone, a character in the TV series Veronica Mars
Judge Harold T. Stone in the TV series Night Court
Henry Stone, fictional character in The Fugitive
Dr. Jeremy Stone, character in the film The Andromeda Strain
Jesse Stone, policeman in Jesse Stone novels by Robert B. Parker, also a film series featuring Tom Selleck in the title role
Michael Stone (Hustle) played by Adrian Lester on the BBC drama series Hustle
Lt. Mike Stone played by Karl Malden in The Streets of San Francisco
Nick Stone, fictional hero of several books by Andy McNab
Patsy Stone, character in the comedy series Absolutely Fabulous
Peter Stone, a character in the drama series Degrassi: The Next Generation
Ramona A. Stone, character in the 1995 David Bowie album Outside
Sam Stone, fictional U.S. veteran of the Vietnam War in the John Prine song of the same name
Sandy Stone (character) played by Barry Humphries
Steven Stone, see List of Pokémon characters
Tom Stone, character in Tom Stone, a 2002–2003 Canadian TV series known in the U.S. as Stone Undercover
Victor Stone, better known by his alias, Cyborg, one of DC's Teen Titans
Families
Stone family in the 2005 comedy The Family Stone
Kelly Stone, played by Craig T. Nelson
Sybil Stone, played by Diane Keaton
Everett Stone, played by Dermot Mulroney
Ben Stone, played by Luke Wilson
Amy Stone, played by Rachel McAdams
Thad Stone, played by Tyrone Giordano
Susannah Stone Trousdale, by Elizabeth Reaser
Stone family in the 2013 comedy series Zach Stone Is Gonna Be Famous
Zach Stone, played by Bo Burnham
Sydney Stone, played by Kari Coleman
Drew Stone, played by Tom Wilson
Andy Stone, played by Cameron Palatas
Stone family in the 2018 drama series Manifest
Michaela Stone, played by Melissa Roxburgh
Ben Stone, played by Josh Dallas
Grace Stone, played by Athena Karkanis
Olive Stone, played by Luna Blaise
Cal Stone, played by Jack Messina and Ty Doran
Steve Stone, played by Malachy Cleary
Karen Stone, played by Geraldine Leer
See also
Stones (surname)
Stone (disambiguation)
References
English-language surnames
Surnames of English origin
Surnames of Old English origin | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stone%20%28surname%29 |
Palais Eskeles is a palace in Vienna, Austria.
It was owned by the Jewish noble Eskeles family. Today it houses the Jewish Museum Vienna.
External links
Jewish Museum of Vienna | Palais Eskeles
Eskeles | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palais%20Eskeles |
The New Jersey Schools Development Authority (commonly referred to as NJSDA or SDA) is the State agency responsible for fully funding and managing the new construction, modernization and renovation of school facilities projects in 31 New Jersey school districts known as the ‘SDA Districts’. It is an independent authority, in but not of the New Jersey Department of the Treasury.
Other responsibilities of the Authority include:
• Renovations and repairs deemed to be ‘Emergent projects’ by the New Jersey Department of Education due to potential health and safety reasons.
• Grant funding in Regular Operating Districts (ROD) that address health and safety issues and other critical needs. The SDA administers grants, with a minimum state share of 40 percent of eligible project costs to RODs, which manage their own projects.
The SDA opened four new or renovated facilities in September 2018, representing a state investment of more than $198 million. This included the James Madison Elementary School No. 10 in Garfield (New School), Paul Robeson Community Theme School for the Arts in New Brunswick (Addition/Renovation project), South Street Elementary School in Newark (New School) and the Sgt. Dominick Pilla Middle School in Vineland (New School).
In 1998, the New Jersey Supreme Court ruled in the Abbott v. Burke case that the State must provide 100 percent funding for all school renovation and construction projects in special-needs school districts. According to the Court, aging, unsafe and overcrowded buildings prevented children from receiving the "thorough and efficient" education required under the New Jersey Constitution. In response, the New Jersey Educational Facilities Construction and Financing Act was enacted on July 18, 2000, launching the School Construction Program. Full funding for approved projects was authorized for the 31 special-needs districts, known as 'Abbott Districts'. In addition, grants totaling 40 percent of eligible costs were made available to the remaining school districts across the state.
The SDA is governed by an 11-member board of directors who are nominated by the Governor and confirmed by the Senate.
Lizette Delgado Polanco succeeded previous CEO Charles McKenna in August 2018 and served until April 2019.
In April 2019, Governor Phil Murphy’s Administration named Manuel Da Silva as the Interim CEO of the New Jersey Schools Development Authority. On May 1, 2019, the SDA Board of Directors approved Mr. Da Silva as the Authority’s Interim CEO.
Schools Construction Corporation
The SCC was created on July 18, 2000 when the New Jersey Educational Facilities Construction and Financing Act was signed into law. The law created a program for financing, design, renovation, repair and new construction of primary and secondary schools in New Jersey. The law significantly changed the level of State aid for public school construction. Previously, school districts received State aid for construction debt at the same percentage as their State aid for operating costs, making almost half of the State's school districts ineligible for any construction aid. The new law guaranteed construction aid for every school district in New Jersey. The minimum level of aid was 40%, and Abbott Districts received 100% of eligible costs.
References
External links
Official site
Schools Development Authority
Schools Development Authority
Government agencies established in 2007
2007 establishments in New Jersey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20Jersey%20Schools%20Development%20Authority |
The Maggini Quartet is a British string quartet. Its members are Julian Leaper (Violin 1), Ciaran McCabe (Violin 2), Martin Outram (Viola) and Michal Kaznowski (Cello).
Formed in 1988, the Quartet is known for championing the British repertoire, and has made many CD recordings published through publishers such as Naxos Records. The Maggini Quartet appear regularly in concert series at home and abroad and are frequent media broadcasters.
Among other notable projects, they have recorded the complete Naxos Quartets cycle by Peter Maxwell Davies.
The Quartet's name derives from the famous 16th century Brescian violin maker Giovanni Paolo Maggini.
References
External links
Haydn Quartets Review & track listing
Rights cleared Haydn sample
Maggini Quartet at Brunel
English string quartets
Musical groups established in 1988 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maggini%20Quartet |
Bernard Trevisan (Bernard of Treviso, Bernardus Trevisanus) was a fictional Italian alchemist who lived from 1406-1490. His biography has been composed by editors and commentators of alchemical texts from the 16th century. It is said that he was born into a noble family in Padua and spent his entire life spending his family fortune in search of the Philosopher's stone. The mythical character emerged by a confusion with the alchemist called Bernard of Trier. A recent study founded a chronicle of his death in 1387. He has been identified with Eberhard I von der Mark (1305-1387), a law graduate and clergyman, who became chorbishop of Cologne. He resigned his positions in the Church to marry in 1346 with Maria de Looz-Agimont (ca.1336-1410), whose titles and territories counties were key points in feudal disputes involving Von der Marck family. From 1366 he was closely related to Kuno II von Falkenstein (ca.1320-1388), archbishop of Trier.
Biography
The fictional Bernard Trevisan began his career as an alchemist at the age of fourteen. He had his family's permission, as they also desired to increase their wealth. He first worked with a monk of Cîteaux named Gotfridus Leurier. They attempted for eight years to fashion the Philosopher's stone out of hen eggshells and egg yolk purified in horse manure.
He is believed to have been influential on the work of Gilles de Rais in the 1430s.
He then worked with minerals and natural salts using distillation and crystallization methods borrowed from Jabir ibn Hayyan and Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi. When these failed he turned to vegetable and animal material, finally using human blood and urine. He gradually sold his wealth to buy secrets and hints towards the stone, most often from swindlers. He traveled all over the known world, including the Baltics, Germany, Spain, France, Vienna, Egypt, Palestine, Persia, Greece, Turkey, and Cyprus, to find hints left by past alchemists. His health had been deteriorating, most likely from the fumes he had created with his alchemy. He retired to the Island of Rhodes, still working on the Philosopher's stone until his death in 1490.
Attributed works
In the sixteenth century, several alchemical works were attributed to Bernard. For example, Trevisanus de Chymico miraculo, quod lapidem philosophiae appellant was edited in 1583 by Gerhard Dorn. The Answer of Bernardus Trevisanus, to the Epistle of Thomas of Bononia, and The Prefatory Epistle of Bernard Earl of Tresne, in English, appeared in the 1680 Aurifontina Chymica.
Notes
Further reading
Kahn, Didier (2003). "Recherches sur le ‘Livre’ attribué au prétendu Bernard le Trévisan (fin du XVe siècle)", in "Alchimia e medicina nel Medioevo", Micrologus Library IX.
Gallina, Furio (2015). "Miti e storie di alchimisti tra il medioevo e l'età contemporanea", Resana: mp/edizioni.
José Rodríguez Guerrero, (2014-2018), “El Correctorium alchimiae (ca.1352-1362) de Ricardus Anglicus y la versión de Bernardus Magnus de Tréveris”, Azogue, 8, pp. 216–270.
External links
Parable of the Fountain
1406 births
1490 deaths
15th-century alchemists
Italian alchemists | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard%20Trevisan |
Favorita may refer to:
a palace in Vienna, see : Diplomatic Academy of Vienna#Location and Premises
Favorita (grape), an Italian grape variety
A Favorita, a popular and award-winning telenovela, first broadcast in Brazil at Rede Globo in 2008
La Favorita or Stadio Renzo Barbera, a football stadium
La Favorita (film), a 1952 Italian anthology film | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Favorita |
Miangul Aurangzeb (Urdu/Pashto: میاں گل اورنگزیب 28 May 1928 – 3 August 2014) was the last Wali Ahad (Crown Prince) of the former Swat State, the son of the last Wali of Swat, Miangul Jahan Zeb, and the son-in-law of the former president of Pakistan, Muhammad Ayub Khan. He served in the National Assembly of Pakistan and as governor of Balochistan and subsequently as governor of the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa.
Early life
He was born on 28 May 1928 in Saidu Sharif in the house of Miangul Jahan Zeb (the wali of Swat). He received his initial schooling at Welham Boys' School and The Doon School in Dehradun. He then attended St. Stephen's College, Delhi.
Army career
Following the independence of Pakistan, Aurangzeb enrolled at the Pakistan Military Academy, Kakul in 1948. He was commissioned into the Guides Cavalry (FF) of the Pakistan Armoured Corps.
During his service in the Pakistan Army, he passed the Junior Officer's Course, the Advanced Infantry Course (Quetta) and the Junior Officer Leadership and Weapons Course (Nowshera). His achievements led to his selection as ADC (aide de camp) to the Army Commander-in-Chief General Ayub Khan.
In 1955, he married the daughter of General Ayub Khan and thereafter quit the army service to enter into politics.
Public life
Aurangzeb represented Swat State in the West Pakistan Assembly from 1956 to May 1958, when he was nominated to the National Assembly of Pakistan.
After the imposition of martial law in 1958, all legislative bodies were dissolved, and civilian rule did not return until 1962. Aurangzeb was nominated to the National Assembly in 1962, and renominated in 1965.
After the resignation of President Ayub Khan in 1969, the Government of Pakistan under President Yahya Khan took over the administration of all remaining princely states, including Swat.
In 1970 the first-ever one-man one-vote general elections were held in Pakistan, which marked a new chapter for the former ruling family of Swat. Aurangzeb was elected on a Muslim League platform, defeating a strong candidate of the National Awami Party.
He was re-elected in the March 1977 general elections as a Pakistan National Alliance candidate (anti-Bhutto) despite suspected widespread vote-rigging by the rival Pakistan Peoples Party candidate.
Due to his opposition to the government of Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Aurangzeb supported the military government of General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, and from 1981 served as a member of the nominated Majlis i Shoora (Federal Council).
In March 1985 general elections were held on a non-party basis, and Aurangzeb was again elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan.
Following the tumultuous events of 1988, party-based democracy returned to Pakistan and general elections were once again held in November 1988. Aurangzeb, contesting on the Islami Jamhoori Ittehad platform, was defeated by his cousin and son-in-law Shahzada Aman i Room, the candidate of the Pakistan Peoples Party.
Again in October 1990, Aurangzeb, contesting as an independent candidate, faced defeat, this time at the hands of his former allies, the Islami Jamhoori Ittehad.
However, he bounced back in the October 1993 general elections to regain his seat, and continued to hold it in the February 1997 general elections.
In April 1997, Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif appointed him as Governor of Balochistan, and Aurangzeb resigned from the National Assembly. The subsequent by-election resulted in a victory for his son, engineer Miangul Adnan Aurangzeb.
In August 1999, Aurangzeb was appointed the Governor of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa and served in that capacity until the military takeover by General Pervez Musharraf on 24 October 1999.
He did not contest the 2002 general elections and retired from electoral politics, passing the torch to the next generation of his family. He remained active until his death in the leadership of the Pakistan Muslim League Nawaz.
As a result of death threats from and loss of security in Swat to the Tehreek-e-Nafaz-e-Shariat-e-Mohammadi under Maulana Fazlullah in 2007, Aurangzeb spent an extended period of time at his house in Islamabad. With the return of stability in the area, Aurangzeb resumed living at the family compound in Saidu Sharif. Due to prolonged illness, he set aside himself from politics and spent rest of his life at home in Islamabad till his death on 3 August 2014. He is buried in his ancestral graveyard at Aqba, Saidu Sharif.
See also
Miangul Jahan Zeb
Miangul Adnan Aurangzeb
Miangul Hassan Aurangzeb
Swat (princely state)
References
External links
Swat Royal Family the Miangul Family Tree
Pakistan International News – Son reports Wali returns to Swat
Miangul Aurangzeb Interview
1928 births
Governors of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Governors of Balochistan, Pakistan
People from Swat District
The Doon School alumni
Swat royal family
People from Islamabad
2014 deaths
Pakistani MNAs 1955–1958 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miangul%20Aurangzeb |
Crushed may refer to:
"Crushed" (Ms. Marvel), a 2022 episode of the American television series Ms. Marvel
"Crushed" (Roland Lee Gift song) a 2009 single by Roland Lee Gift
"Crushed" (The Suite Life of Zack & Cody episode), an episode of the television show The Suite Life of Zack & Cody
"Crushed", a song by Cocteau Twins from the 1991 compilation album The Box Set
"Crushed", a song by Dala from the 2009 album Everyone Is Someone
"Crushed", a song by Eighteen Visions from the 2004 album Obsession
"Crushed", a song by Imagine Dragons from the 2022 album Mercury – Acts 1 & 2
"Crushed", a song by Limp Bizkit from the 1999 soundtrack album End of Days
"Crushed", a song by Parkway Drive from the 2015 album Ire
"Crushed", a song by Rosette Sharma
Crushed, an Indian television series
See also
Crush (disambiguation)
Crusher (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crushed |
First International Bank & Trust (FIBT) started in 1910 as Farmers State Bank in Arnegard, North Dakota. In 1934 the bank moved its headquarters to Watford City, North Dakota, and changed the name to First International Bank. It is owned by Watford City Bancshares, Inc., which is owned by the Stenehjem family, and is a full service, independent community bank, a member of the FDIC, and an equal housing lender. First International Bank & Trust has 32 locations in North Dakota, South Dakota, Minnesota, and Arizona.
History
1910: Farmers State Bank established in Arnegard, ND.
1911: Odin Stenehjem becomes the first Farmers State Bank cashier.
1917: Gerhard Stenehjem becomes the first President.
1934: After relocating to Watford City, ND, First International Bank is born.
1936: O. Vincent Stenehjem starts his 50-year career as Vice President and cashier.
1949: Odin Stenehjem begins as President.
1965: Odin Stenehjem's son, Leland, steps in as President.
1984: The Stenehjem family acquires First National Bank of Fessenden, ND.
1990: First International Bank acquires Midwest Federal Savings & Loan offices in Williston, Killdeer, Minot, Harvey, and Fargo.
1992: Trust powers are added and the bank becomes First International Bank & Trust. Stephen Stenehjem, son of Leland, serves as President.
1993: First International Bank & Trust, NA, Fessenden merges with First International Bank & Trust.
1995: The Williston Economart office opens. Two offices in Scottsdale, AZ are acquired.
2000: A merger combines the two offices in Arizona with those in North Dakota.
2006: Farmers State Bank in Elgin, ND is acquired.
2007: New offices are acquired/opened in Staples and Motley, MN.
2008: New office is acquired/opened in Gilbert, AZ.
2010: First International Bank & Trust celebrates 100 years of banking.
2013: First International Bank & Trust expands with new locations in Minot and Williston, ND, Moorhead, MN, and Phoenix, AZ.
2014: First International Bank & Trust broke ground for a third location in Minot, ND.
Locations
Arizona
Chandler, AZ
Gilbert, AZ
Phoenix, AZ
Scottsdale, AZ
Minnesota
Edina, MN
Moorhead, MN
Motley, MN
Staples, MN
North Dakota
Alexander, ND
Bismarck, ND
Bowdon, ND
Elgin, ND
Fargo, ND
Fessenden, ND
Grand Forks, ND
Harvey, ND
Killdeer, ND
Mandan, ND
Minot, ND
Rugby, ND
Watford City, ND
West Fargo, ND
Williston, ND
South Dakota
Sioux Falls, SD
Products and services
Personal Banking
Checking
Savings
Loans
Mortgages
Credit Cards
Online Banking
Certificates of Deposit
IRAs
Business Banking
Checking
Loans
Credit Cards
Merchant Services
IRAs
EFT
Investment & Wealth Management
401(k) and Retirement Planning
Annuities
Mutual Funds
Stocks & Bonds
Estate Planning
College Funding
Personal Trust
Mineral & Land Services
Special Needs Trust
Insurance
Personal
Commercial
Agribusiness
Life & Health
Former names
Farmer's State Bank of Arnegard 1910–1933
First International Bank 1934–1991
First International Bank & Trust 1992–present
References
External links
Banks based in North Dakota | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First%20International%20Bank |
Richard Wentworth (born 1947) is a British artist, curator and teacher.
Life and career
Wentworth was born in Samoa—then a province of New Zealand—in 1947. He studied art at Hornsey College of Art in North London from 1965, and then at the Royal College of Art where he was a contemporary of Zoë Wanamaker and Tony Scott.
Between 1971 and 1987, Wentworth taught at Goldsmiths College and his influence has been claimed in the work of the Young British Artists. From 2002 to 2010, Wentworth was 'Master of Drawing' at the Ruskin School of Drawing and Fine Art, Oxford University and was the head of the Sculpture department at The Royal College of Art, London from 2009 - 2011.
In August 2014, Wentworth was one of 200 public figures who were signatories to a letter to The Guardian opposing Scottish independence in the run-up to September's referendum on that issue.
Making Do and Getting By
Since the early 1970s Wentworth has been capturing chance encounters of oddities and discrepancies in the modern landscape in the ongoing photographic series known as Making Do and Getting By. Mundane snapshots and fragments of the modern landscape are elevated to an analysis of human resourcefulness and improvisation, whereby amusing oddities that would otherwise go by unnoticed become the subject of intense contemplation.
New British Sculpture
In the early 1980s Wentworth became identified with the New British Sculpture movement. Wentworth's interest is the juxtaposition of materials and found elements that do not belong together. In the work Shower, Wentworth attached a small propeller to an ordinary table creating the impression that the furniture is about to take flight. For his 1995 solo show at the Lisson Gallery he created False Ceiling a flock of books suspended by wire from the gallery's ceiling. For Art and Sacred Places in Winchester Cathedral he created Recall which speculated how the structure of the Cathedral might have been supported during its construction. Wentworth is also interested in the bizarre coincidences of urban life. His ongoing series of photographs, Making Do and Getting By (1974 onwards), captures the provisional ways in which people modify their local environment. In April 2010, Wentworth participated in a major sculpture exhibition curated by Peter Kardia entitled "From Floor to Sky", alongside artists Roderick Coyne and Alison Wilding.
He is represented in London by Lisson Gallery and in New York City by Peter Freeman, Inc.
Exhibitions
Wentworth has lived for many years in the Kings Cross area of London and in 2002 he realised the Artangel project An Area of Outstanding Unnatural Beauty in which for three months he took over a plumbing supply shop in the area converting it into a base for visitors to explore and engage with the area.
In 1996, his Marking the Parish Boundaries along the River Tees in County Durham was the first public art project to be funded by the National Lottery.
Major solo presentations include Galerie Azzedine Alaïa, Paris, France (2017), Bold Tendencies, Peckham, London, UK (2015), Black Maria with Gruppe, Kings Cross, London, UK (2013), Whitechapel Gallery, London, UK (2010), 52nd Venice Biennale, Venice, Italy (2009), TATE, Liverpool, UK (2005), Artangel, London, UK (2002), Bonner Kunstverein, Bonn, Germany (1998), Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (1994), Serpentine Gallery, London, UK (1993).
Curatorial projects
In July 2009, he curated the Lisson Gallery's Summer show oule to Braid featuring a large number of works from his personal collection and that of Lisson director Nicholas Logsdail.
In 2000, together with Fischli & Weiss and Gabriel Orozco he worked in "Aprendiendo menos" (Learning Less), curated by Patricia Martín and presented in Centro de la Imagen, Mexico city. Three different perspectives through photography, where the artists are a means to portray street findings within the urban landscape, its surroundings and its objects.
In 1998 - 99 he curated Thinking Aloud, a national Touring exhibition organised by the Hayward Gallery at Kettle's Yard, Cambridge and Camden Arts Centre, London that explored the creative process as well as the profligate nature of mass production and consumerism.
Honours
Wentworth was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2011 New Year Honours for services to art.
References and notes
External links
Lisson Gallery: Richard Wentworth
Tate: Richard Wentworth
Tate Liverpool: Richard Wentworth
BBC audio interview (02/2006)
Interview (Spring/1999)
Interview (04/1997)
Galería NoguerasBlanchard: Richard Wentworth
British curators
1947 births
Living people
20th-century British sculptors
British male sculptors
21st-century British sculptors
21st-century male artists
Academics of the Royal College of Art
Alumni of the Royal College of Art
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
English contemporary artists
20th-century British male artists
21st-century British male artists | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard%20Wentworth%20%28artist%29 |
William DeClercq Reynolds (né Regnolds; December 9, 1931 – August 24, 2022) was an American actor. He was best known for his role as Special Agent Tom Colby in the 1960s television series The F.B.I. and his film and television roles during the 1950s through the 1970s.
Early years
Reynolds was born in Los Angeles on December 9, 1931, the youngest of three sons. His mother died when he was five years old, and he was sent to boarding schools. He eventually attended Pasadena City College and worked in their radio department.
Through his father he was a direct descendant of American Revolution hero Nathaniel Reynolds, his father was a member of the Sons of the American Revolution and the General Society of Colonial Wars and his mother was a member of the Daughters of the American Revolution, however, William said "that sort of thing was never as important to me as it was to them," adding "It's kind of neat to know about, but that's as far as that goes for me." His father was descended from Mayflower passengers John Howland and John Billington, his mother was descended from Thomas Hinckley. Though he was of "almost entirely English ancestry" his mother also believed he was partially of Huguenot ancestry, which is why she gave him a French middle name, however, unlike his more famous ancestry, his Huguenot roots could not be confirmed.
Film
After a talent agent spotted him in minor theatrical roles, Reynolds signed with Universal Studios in 1952 and began appearing in pictures such as Carrie (1952), where he had a prominent role as the son of Laurence Olivier. Reynolds was drafted into the United States Army in 1952, but en route to Korea he stayed in Japan doing radio work. He returned to Universal making horror film Cult of the Cobra (1955). He also appeared in the Douglas Sirk melodramas All That Heaven Allows (1955) and There's Always Tomorrow (1956), as well as in Sirk's comedy Has Anybody Seen My Gal? (1953). He often played the son of the leading character, for example of Jane Wyman in All That Heaven Allows, Fred MacMurray in There's Always Tomorrow and Laurence Olivier in Carrie.
Television
Reynolds became tired of his dull, stereotyped roles in the movies and began his move to television in 1958 when he guest starred in the episode "Rope of Cards" of the Maverick TV series with James Garner. He also served as the lead actor in episodes "Holiday at Hollow Rock" and "The Cure For Johnny Rain".
In 1959, he played the title role in Pete Kelly's Blues. During this series, he developed a close friendship with actor and producer Jack Webb. In 1960–1961, he starred as Sandy Wade on the ABC/Warner Bros. television series The Islanders. He also guest starred in 1961 as Jerry Bolton on the episode "Nobody's Millions" of another ABC/WB drama series, The Roaring 20s.
In 1961, Reynolds appeared as Johnny Tremayne in an episode of Cheyenne, “The Brahma Bull”.
In 1962–1963, Reynolds costarred on ABC's The Gallant Men. He then played Hoodoo Henderson as an adult in 1966's Walt Disney film Follow Me, Boys!.
Two years with no acting jobs led Reynolds to enhance his education, and he passed the examinations to become a lawyer specializing in real estate.
Reynolds caught his big break co-starring with Efrem Zimbalist, Jr., in another ABC series, the long-running The F.B.I.. Reynolds first made guest appearances in seasons one and two in 1966, before he appeared as series regular Special Agent Tom Colby from 1967 to 1973. He was replaced by actor Shelly Novack for the final season, because the network considered Reynolds, then at the age of forty-one, too old for the part. Still, he managed to make two appearances as Colby in the ninth season (1973–74), which included the final network-aired episode, a rerun of "The Animal," on September 8, 1974.
He also appeared in guest roles in Jack Webb-produced shows such as Dragnet, and in other series of Rod Serling's The Twilight Zone, starring in the episode "The Purple Testament" (Season 1, Episode 19).
Later years
Reynolds left show business after The F.B.I. ended its run and became a businessman.
Personal life
Reynolds married Molly Sinclair, an actress, in 1950 and remained with her until her death in 1992. The couple had a daughter and two sons. One son died shortly after his birth.
On February 12, 1960, Reynolds and Richard L. Bare were injured when a plane, flying back to Miami after a filming of The Islanders, crashed in the Caribbean Sea. Reynolds suffered several broken ribs and broke his right ankle. The pair, along with two others, survived after swimming four miles to the coast of Jamaica. Reynolds has claimed this resulted in the postponement of "The Purple Testament", a Twilight Zone episode in which Reynolds' character sees his own death.
Reynolds died of pneumonia in Wildomar, California, on August 24, 2022, at the age of 90.
Partial filmography
Dear Brat (1951) - Robbie
No Questions Asked (1951) - Floyd
The Desert Fox: The Story of Rommel (1951) - Manfred Rommel (uncredited)
The Cimarron Kid (1952) - Will Dalton (uncredited)
The Battle at Apache Pass (1952) - Lem Bent
Has Anybody Seen My Gal? (1952) - Howard Blaisdell
Francis Goes to West Point (1952) - Wilbur Van Allen
Carrie (1952) - George Hurstwood, Jr.
Son of Ali Baba (1952) - Mustapha
The Raiders (1952) - Frank Morrell
The Mississippi Gambler (1953) - Pierre Loyette
Gunsmoke (1953) - Brazos
Cult of the Cobra (1955) - Pete Norton
There's Always Tomorrow (1955) - Vinnie Groves
All That Heaven Allows (1955) - Ned Scott
Away All Boats (1956) - Ens. Kruger
Mister Cory (1957) - Alex Wyncott
The Land Unknown (1957) - Lt. Jack Carmen
The Big Beat (1958) - John Randall
The Thing That Couldn't Die (1958) - Gordon Hawthorne
Maverick (1958-1959, TV Series, 4 episodes) - Bill Gregg, Johnny Rain, Ted Blake
Pete Kelly's Blues (1959, TV Series, 13 episodes) - Pete Kelly
The Twilight Zone (1960, TV Series, 1 episode) - Lt. Fitzgerald
The Islanders (1960-1961, TV Series, 24 episodes) - Sandy Wade
The Gallant Men (1962-1963, TV Series, 26 episodes) - Capt. Jim Benedict
A Distant Trumpet (1964) - 1st Lt. Teddy Mainwarring
Follow Me, Boys! (1966) - Hoodoo Henderson - Man
The F.B.I. (1966-1974, TV Series, 161 episodes) - Special Agent Tom Colby (1967-1974); SAC Kendall Lisbon / Franklin Benton (supporting roles, 1966-1967)
Notes
References
External links
TV.com page for William Reynolds
The 1965 FBI Show Tribute Site
1931 births
2022 deaths
Male actors from Los Angeles
American male television actors
American male film actors
United States Army soldiers
Warner Bros. contract players
Pasadena City College alumni
Businesspeople from California | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Reynolds%20%28actor%29 |
Kyriakos Stamatopoulos (born 28 August 1979) is a Greek Canadian former soccer goalkeeper who is the head goalkeeper coach for AIK.
He is nicknamed "Stam" () and he is also often referred to as Kenny Stamatopoulos.
Early life
Stamatopoulos moved with his family from Greece to Ontario when he was a small child. He started playing hockey at the age of 2 in Canada and only picked up soccer at the age of 13.
Club career
Sweden
Stamatopoulos' clubs were relegated every year he played with them in Sweden. First Enköping twice in a row, then Boden while he was on loan there. His relegation-run did not end before he moved to Norway.
Tromsø
His career at Tromsø got off to a rough start, after he was given a two-match suspension for his involvement in a group fight, which he described as "a little hockey brawl" that occurred during his debut match against Molde. He became a fan favourite as a result of this incident.
On loan
Toronto FC
On 3 August 2007 it was announced that Canada's Toronto FC head coach Mo Johnston had loaned Stamatopoulos in the middle of their "keeper crisis". He made his debut against Los Angeles Galaxy on 5 August.
Lyn
In April 2009, Stamatopoulos was loaned out from Tromsø to Lyn.
Fredrikstad
On 20 July 2009, it was announced that Stamatopoulos joined Fredrikstad on loan for the rest of the season. Stamatopoulos will join the club 1 August, and make his debut for Fredrikstad 2 August, at home against Viking.
AIK
Stamatopoulos signed a season-long loan deal with the reigning Swedish champions on 6 March 2010. AIK's goalkeeper Nicklas Bergh became injured during the pre-season, leaving the team with only one goalkeeper. Stamatopoulos made his debut with the club in the quarterfinal of Svenska Cupen in July 2010 against Helsingborgs IF. He only let in one goal in the 1–1 draw, but AIK lost in the penalty shootout.
He became first choice following the tragic death of Ivan Turina in May 2013, but was subsequently the club's second-choice goalkeeper.
On 22 November 2017 AIK announced they prolonged Stamatopoulos's contract until 31 December 2020. In addition, he was appointed as head goalkeeping coach for the club and would continue to be registered as a player in the squad.
Career statistics
International career
Stamatopoulos was a member of the under-23 national team in July 2001 at Jeux de la Francophonie.
He made his senior debut for Canada in a November 2001 friendly match against Malta. His last cap came in 2016. In total, he made 21 caps.
References
External links
1979 births
Living people
Soccer people from Ontario
Canadian people of Greek descent
Greek emigrants to Canada
Naturalized citizens of Canada
Men's association football goalkeepers
Canadian men's soccer players
Canada men's international soccer players
2002 CONCACAF Gold Cup players
2009 CONCACAF Gold Cup players
2015 CONCACAF Gold Cup players
Canadian expatriate men's soccer players
Canadian expatriate sportspeople in Norway
Canadian expatriate sportspeople in Sweden
Greek men's footballers
AIK Fotboll players
Kalamata F.C. players
Bodens BK players
Tromsø IL players
Toronto FC players
Lyn Fotball players
Fredrikstad FK players
Eliteserien players
Major League Soccer players
Expatriate men's footballers in Sweden
Expatriate men's footballers in Norway
Allsvenskan players
Canada men's under-23 international soccer players
Allsvenskan managers
Greek football managers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyriakos%20Stamatopoulos |
Benefactor is the second studio album by American new wave band Romeo Void, released in 1982. It was released on CD in 2006 by Wounded Bird Records, with their Never Say Never EP as four bonus tracks. The version of the song "Never Say Never" is a shorter, "clean" edit suitable for general radio broadcast.
Critical reception
The New York Times wrote that "too much of Benefactor suffers from Miss Iyall's artsy overwriting... And the feverishly clever arrangements can't quite disguise the band's lack of strong melodies."
Track listing
All songs written by Benjamin Bossi, Larry Carter, Debora Iyall, Peter Woods, and Frank Zincavage, except where noted.
"Never Say Never" – 3:27
"Wrap It Up" (Isaac Hayes, David Porter) – 3:15
"Flashflood" – 4:55
"Undercover Kept" – 6:05
"Ventilation" – 3:55
"Chinatown" – 3:18
"Orange" – 4:15
"Shake the Hands of Time" – 3:19
"S.O.S." – 5:30
Bonus tracks (2006 reissue; taken from "Never Say Never EP")
"Never Say Never" – 6:06
"In the Dark" – 4:33
"Present Tense" – 5:47
"Not Safe" – 3:57
Personnel
Debora Iyall – vocals
Peter Woods – guitar
Benjamin Bossi – saxophone
Frank Zincavage – bass
Larry Carter – drums, percussion
Additional personnel
Walter Turbitt – guitar on 9
Marybeth O'Hara – backing vocals on 7
Norman Salant – saxophone on 7
Charts
Album
References
Romeo Void albums
1982 albums
Columbia Records albums
Albums produced by Ric Ocasek | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benefactor%20%28album%29 |
Hermesvilla is a palace in the Lainzer Tiergarten in Vienna, a former hunting area for the Habsburg nobility. Emperor Franz Joseph I gave it to his wife Empress Elisabeth (nicknamed "Sisi"), and he called it the "castle of dreams.“ The name of the villa refers to a statue of Hermes made of white marble that is located in the garden of the villa. Today, the Hermesvilla is noted for its art and natural setting, and is used by the Vienna Museum for special exhibitions on cultural history.
History
Emperor Franz Joseph decided to build the Villa Hermés, originally called the "Villa Waldruh," in the summer of 1881. Ostensibly, the Emperor hoped it would encourage his wife, who traveled widely, to remain in Vienna. It was designed by architect Karl Freiherr von Hasenauer, and construction lasted 1882 until 1886. In 1885, the decision was made to rename the building "Villa Hermés". The Empress herself commissioned the sculptor Ernst Herter from Berlin to create the sculpture, titled Hermés der Wächter ("Hermés the Guardian") and instructed that it was to be placed in the garden of the villa. Documents at the Stadterweiterungsfond describe numerous stone deliveries of Sterzinger Marble, Laaser Marble and Wöllersdorfer Stone for staircases in the main building. Hard Mannersdorfer Stone, Almaser Stone, Lindabrunner Stone, St. Margarethener Stone, as well as "Kaiserstein" from "Kaisersteinbruch" were used in surrounding buildings.
In 1886, the villa, and all surrounding buildings, including riding facilities and stables for the horses of Empress Elisabeth, were finished. From 1887 until her assassination in 1898, the imperial couple regularly spent time there every year in late spring, varying from a few days to a couple of weeks.
In developing the grounds, Emperor Franz Joseph ordered that care be taken to flatten all the meadows and remove all molehills, expressing concern that otherwise the Empress "could not hack her horses" there. At a small pond nearby, a gazebo was built for the Empress, though it is no longer there today. The street leading to the Villa was one of the first streets in Vienna with electric lighting, and the Villa was one of the first buildings in Vienna with a telephone connection.
During the post-WWII Russian occupation of Vienna from 1945 to 1955, the Villa was looted by the Soviets, became run down and remained in poor condition for a number of years. However, in 1963, the Disney movie "Miracle of the White Stallions" brought back the interest in the building. This led to a private initiative that motivated the Austrian authorities to renovate the Villa, and the renovation process lasted from 1968 until 1974. The first exhibition opened in 1971 as Austria's contribution to the "World Hunt Exhibition" in Budapest. Since then the Hermesvilla has become a "jewel" in the heart of the 2500 hectare nature reserve and is a popular destination, particularly for people interested in Habsburg culture, history, and the "Sisi Myth" of the beautiful and unhappy Empress who had met a tragic fate
Interior
Murals by Hans Makart, Gustav Klimt and Victor Tilgner are an integral part of the interior design. On the first floor are the private rooms of the Empress. The body conscious, possibly anorexic "Empress Sisi" worked out every day in the "Turnzimmer" (gymnasium). The room was originally equipped with a balance beam, Chin-up bar for pull-ups and rings. It also contains murals in the Pompeian style by August Eisenmenger, Hugo Charlemont and Adolf Falkensteiner, showing various sports.
Behind the Empress' dressing room is the bedroom of the Empress. In contrast to other rooms, here numerous historic objects have been preserved, including a gigantic baroque "state bed", dating to the time of Maria Theresa that once stood in the imperial room of the postal station in Strengberg near Amstetten in Lower Austria. The murals in the bedroom are based on motifs from Shakespeare's "A Midsummer Night's Dream" and were done by Hans Makart. From the bedroom, a spiral staircase leads to the ground floor and in the garden. In the salon hangs the restored painting "The Spring“ by Franz Matsch, Gustav Klimt and Georg Klimt.
In front of the palace stands the sculpture "Elisabeth" by Ulrike Truger. In this statue, commissioned in 1998, installed in the Lainzer Tiergarten in 2001, and moved to the Hermesvilla in 2006, the artist used the a central theme of "duty - escape - freedom“ (zwang – flucht – freiheit), reflecting the Empress' inner feelings. It is made of Carrara marble, stands about high, and weighs 6.5 tonnes. Truger wanted the work to counter a romanticized "Sisi" stereotype. The statue presents the Empress differently from each side, standing for different aspects within the personality of the Empress, who chafed under the restrictions of court life: One side, "duty/obligation" (zwang) expresses the duty and obligations of her expected role. The next, "escape" (flucht ) expresses her desire to flee; and finally the theme "freedom" (freiheit) is expressed with an image that includes wings. Thus, Truger's interpretation of the Empress explores the interplay between structure and freedom.
Stables
The stables, originally built for the horses of the Empress, are located in the left wing of the courtyard. The original stable equipment, including the wall partitions for the box stalls and tie stalls, still exist today to a large extent. Between the horse stalls is a Rondeau, a perfectly circular round pen of diameter in which the horses of the Empress were longed during bad weather. From the 1950s until 2005 these stables were used as a summer stable for the Lipizzan stallions of the Spanish Riding School. For seven weeks the stallions were given holidays at this location, where their riders gave them a change in routine from their usual work, taking them out hacking in the nearby forests of the "Tiergarten".
Gallery
References
External links
Thomas Trenkler. (2005) Sisi in Vienna. On the traces of the Empress Elisabeth. Vienna: Ueberreuter publishing. .
Palaces in Vienna
Spanish Riding School
Museums in Vienna
Historic house museums in Austria
Vienna Museum
Buildings and structures in Hietzing
Imperial residences in Austria | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermesvilla |
Robert M. Bowman (September 19, 1934 – August 22, 2013) was a former director of advanced space programs development for the U.S. Air Force in the Ford and Carter administrations, and a former United States Air Force lieutenant colonel with 101 combat missions. He received a Ph.D. in aeronautics and nuclear engineering from the California Institute of Technology.
Bowman, the father of theologian Robert M. Bowman, Jr., was the founding archbishop of the United Catholic Church, an "independent Catholic fellowship" created in 1996 and held to be connected through apostolic succession to the Old Catholic Churches. Bowman retired as archbishop in June 2006. He was consecrated as bishop on 18 April 1996 by Bishop William Dennis Donovan (1943–1997), assisted by Bishops Orlando Hyppolitus Lima y Aguirre (1934–2009) and Grant W. Cover (born 1965). Additionally, he was executive director of Christian Support Ministries. Bowman was a prominent figure in the 9/11 Truth movement.
Activism
Despite his involvement with space programs and defense, Bowman emerged as an early public critic of the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI, aka "Star Wars") during the Ronald Reagan administration. On The MacNeil-Lehrer NewsHour, he called it "the ultimate military lunacy, easily overwhelmed and vulnerable". Bowman founded the Institute for Space and Security Studies and its publication Space & Security News (1983) (ISSN 1071-2569). He also authored two books on the subject of SDI and was a critic of an outgrowth of the SDI program, the George W. Bush administration's proposed National Missile Defense.
For several years Bowman was active with Veterans for Peace and Vietnam Veterans Against the War as a speaker. He had also been a member of the Peace Commission of the Episcopal Diocese of Washington.
In 1998, Project Censored cited Bowman's article "Our Continuing War Against Iraq" in the May 1998 issue of Space and Security News as one of the few (along with Bill Blum of the San Francisco Bay Guardian and Dennis Bernstein) covering what they deemed the fifth most censored story, "U.S. Weapons of Mass Destruction Linked to the Deaths of Half a Million Children". The WMDs referred to are the biological samples sent to Iraq from the United States up to 1989, and use of depleted uranium during the Gulf War.
In a radio interview on April 12, 2007, Bowman said:
Technological feasibility of a defensive shield is entirely irrelevant, because Star Wars has nothing to do with defense. It is an attempt to deploy offensive weapons disguised as defense.
In 1982, in his secret defense guidance document, Ronald Reagan ordered the Department of Defense to develop Star Wars weapons, and he assigned them two missions.
One: Destroy opposing satellites and seize control of space.
Two: Destroy targets on the surface of the earth from space without warning.
There wasn't a word in there about shooting down ballistic missiles. That was a smokescreen for the American people, because they knew that the American people would never approve weapons in space for offensive purposes.
Bowman was very vocal about 9/11 and disputed the commonly accepted version of events. He said, "The truth about 9/11 is that we don't KNOW the truth about 9/11, and we should", and "If they have nothing to hide, why are they hiding everything?" The latter was referring to what he believed to be the hiding of videotapes of the Pentagon crash, and the black boxes from the planes. On September 11, 2004, Bowman stated in New York Townhall, "I think the very kindest thing that we can say about George W. Bush and all the people in the U.S. government that have been involved in this massive cover-up, is that they were aware of the impending attacks and let them happen. Now some people will say that's much too kind. However, even that is high treason and conspiracy to commit murder."
Political ambitions
In 2000, he campaigned nationwide for the nomination of the Reform Party of the United States of America for President of the United States. In some Reform Party straw polls, he polled better than the ultimate winner of the nomination Pat Buchanan, though still 40 points behind the frontrunner John Hagelin. In the California 2000 presidential primaries, he came in third among five Reform Party candidates, after Donald Trump and John B. Anderson, with 15% of the vote. Including "votes cast by Independents or voters of another party", he came in third among six Reform Party candidates with 14% of the vote, after Trump and George D. Weber.
Bowman was also considered as one of the running mates for Hagelin, who was running as the Natural Law Party candidate for president and also one of the frontrunners for the Reform Party nomination. Though many believed Bowman would win the slot on Hagelin's ticket as the candidate for Vice President of the United States, he ultimately lost it to Nat Goldhaber.
In 2004, Bowman attempted another run at the Presidency, but ultimately endorsed John Kerry. In 2005, he toured the United States at the invitation of friends honoring him for his efforts towards peace, viewing it as a sort of "farewell tour" due to his battle with a form of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
In 2006, Bowman collected signatures to get on the ballot as a Democrat for the U.S. Representative seat for the Florida's 15th congressional district, then held by Republican Dave Weldon. Democrat Timothy A. Shipe filed, but did not qualify. Shipe was not known to the Brevard County, Florida Democratic party whereas Bowman had been working with them. In September 2006, Dr. Bowman won the Democratic Primary election, and became the official Democratic candidate running against the Republican incumbent in November 2006.
An article by Florida Today noted Bowman had about $6,000 campaign money compared to Weldon's $559,858. By the end of September, the difference in campaign money had grown to Bowman's $21,944 versus Weldon's $673,321. As of October 31, there had been no debate scheduled between the two. Following the election, "With all 314 precincts reporting, the vote was: Weldon 125,596 Bowman 97,947"
In October, 2008 Dr. Bowman endorsed the Congressional campaign of Dr. Kevin Barrett. Barrett got 2 percent of the vote in his Congressional district.
Awards
The President's Medal of Veterans for Peace
Bibliography
"Arms Control in Space: Preserving Critical Strategic Space Systems without Weapons in Space" in America's Plans for Space (1984)
"Proposal for a Deep Freeze" in Patricia M. Mische, Star Wars and the State of Our Souls (1984)
Star Wars: Defense or Death Star? (1985) LoC 85-82136 OCLC 13943536
Star Wars: A Defense Insider's Case Against the Strategic Defense Initiative (1986) (paperback)
References
External links
Robert M. Bowman official homepage
2006 Bowman for Congress official site
2008 Bowman for Congress official site
Robert M. Bowman official homepage
Institute for Space and Security Studies (in previous site)
United Catholic Church
Fox News: 'H & C' Update: Supporter Defends Controversial Univ. Lecturer's Theories About 9/11
Bowman endorses the FairTax
Interview on Real Radio, 12 April 2007
9/11 conspiracy theorists
1934 births
California Institute of Technology alumni
2013 deaths
United States Air Force officers
American conspiracy theorists
Florida Democrats
Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
Deaths from cancer in Florida
Aviators from California
Military personnel from Los Angeles
United States Air Force personnel of the Vietnam War | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20M.%20Bowman |
The Battle of Monett's Ferry or Monett's Bluff (April 23, 1864) saw a Confederate States Army force led by Brigadier General Hamilton P. Bee attempt to block a numerically superior Union Army column that was commanded by Brigadier General William H. Emory during the Red River Campaign of the American Civil War. Confederate commander Major General Richard Taylor set a trap for the retreating army of Major General Nathaniel P. Banks near the junction of the Cane River with the Red River. Taylor assigned Bee's troops to plug up the only outlet from the trap while Taylor's other forces closed in from the rear and sides.
Emory responded by sending a brigade to cross the river upstream and turn Bee's right flank. After some fighting, Bee ordered a retreat, fearing that his troops were about to be surrounded. This allowed Banks' army to escape the trap and reach temporary safety at Alexandria, Louisiana. Taylor was so disappointed that he relieved Bee from command, despite the fact that Bee's subordinates agreed with his decision to withdraw.
Background
Campaign
The Red River campaign was undertaken because President Abraham Lincoln wanted a Union foothold in Texas to deter the French-supported ruler Maximilian I of Mexico from meddling in the war. The aim was to establish a corridor up the Red River to Texas and Major General Henry Halleck ordered Banks to lead the operation. Major General William B. Franklin led 17,000 Union soldiers up Bayou Teche to Alexandria, to meet Major General Andrew Jackson Smith with 10,000 troops and Rear Admiral David Dixon Porter's fleet of gunboats and river transports. Meanwhile, Major General Frederick Steele with 15,000 men moved south from Little Rock, Arkansas, planning to rendezvous with Banks near Shreveport, Louisiana. Banks was defeated by Taylor's Confederate army at the Battle of Mansfield on 8 April 1864, though his troops repulsed Taylor's attack at the Battle of Pleasant Hill on 9 April.
At this time, Taylor's superior, General Edmund Kirby Smith took away most of Taylor's infantry to fight Steele's column, leaving Taylor with only 5,200 troops. Banks' army waited at Grand Ecore near Natchitoches until 15 April when it was rejoined by Porter's fleet, which was now returning downriver. Banks decided to abandon the campaign because Smith's troops were already overdue to be returned to Major General William T. Sherman and because Steele was unlikely to join them. Banks' army left Grand Ecore on 21 April heading for Alexandria. Porter struggled to get his fleet downriver because of low water.
Forces
Operations
Banks was unaware that most of Taylor's infantry was no longer present. Historian John D. Winter asserted that Banks might have advanced to capture Shreveport. To prepare for the march to Alexandria, all unneeded blankets, overcoats, and gear were burned by the Union soldiers. The march began on the afternoon of 21 April. The Union cavalry led the way, screening the front, right, and rear. It was followed by, in order, the XIX Corps, XIII Corps, and XVII Corps, while the XVI Corps formed the rearguard. Placed in charge of the march, Franklin demanded that a rapid pace be maintained. By 7:00 pm on 22 April, the leading element of the column reached Cloutierville, having marched over . Smith's rearguard troops arrived at 3:00 am on 23 April, having skirmished with Confederate pursuers. They also burned every building along the route. One Union soldier wrote, "At one time, I counted 15 burning houses or mills."
In 1864, the Cane River (also called the Old River) split from the Red River near Grand Ecore and flowed generally southeast. The Cane River ran roughly parallel and west of the Red River before flowing into the Red River again near Colfax. After leaving Grand Ecore, Banks' army crossed the Cane River at Natchitoches into what was essentially an island. The only outlet from the island at the southeastern end was at Monett's Ferry.
Taylor was outnumbered by Banks by 25,000 to 5,000, yet he devised a plan to trap the Union army. Taylor knew that Monett's Ferry made an excellent defensive position. On the south bank at the ferry there were high hills, lakes, and forests. By nightfall on 20 April, Taylor had Bee's cavalry division marching toward Monett's Ferry. Taylor ordered Brigadier General James Patrick Major's cavalry to join Bee, while keeping Brigadier General William Steele's cavalry to pursue the Union army. Brigadier General Camille de Polignac's infantry division moved to block a western exit from the island at Cloutierville while Brigadier General St. John Richardson Liddell's force was positioned near Colfax to block Banks' army from crossing to the east bank of the Red River. After Brigadier General Thomas Green was killed at the Battle of Blair's Landing on 12 April, Bee assumed command of Taylor's cavalry corps because he outranked Major who was more experienced.
Battle
Rearguard skirmish
On the evening of 22 April, when Brigadier General John A. Wharton's Confederate cavalry tried to attack the Federal rearguard near Cloutierville, a minor panic ensued when the cavalrymen believed they were being outflanked. Despite the efforts of Lieutenant Colonel D. C. Giddings of the 21st Texas Cavalry Regiment, the cavalry retreated. This proved to be fortuitous because the Union rearguard was lying in ambush. The Confederates followed at a distance and were able to put out the fires set in Cloutierville by Smith's infantry.
In the predawn hour of 23 April, Captain John M. T. Barnes' 1st Louisiana Regular Battery briefly shelled the Union rearguard south of Cloutierville. When this provoked the Federal cavalry to deploy, they were charged by Colonel George W. Carter's Confederate cavalry brigade and driven back . However, Union artillery fire caused the Confederate horsemen to pull back and the Union retrograde movement continued.
Approach march
Brigadier General Cuvier Grover's XIX Corps division, 3,000 soldiers, had been left to garrison Alexandria during the initial Union advance. After the Battle of Pleasant Hill, Banks ordered three of Grover's regiments to join him at Grand Ecore. These troops arrived via riverboat under the command of Brigadier General Henry Warner Birge. The wound Franklin received at Mansfield rendered him unfit for duty, so he handed command over to Emory on the morning of 23 April. Emory began his march at 4:30 am and advanced before his troops ran into Bee's skirmishers, which were driven across the Cane River.
Emory's troops saw that they lost the race to the crossing. They faced the apparently strongly-held bluffs on the south bank while realizing there was a Confederate force behind them as well. One Union soldier recalled, "A general despondency pervaded the whole army." Furthermore, the area right in front of the bluff was cleared of trees and under potential crossfire from Confederate artillery. For his part, Bee was startled by seeing 15,000 Union soldiers in front of his force of 2,000. Nevertheless, Bee was determined to hold his ground. He and the other Confederate leaders believed that Monett's Ferry was the only place where the Cane River could be forded.
Combatants
Bee assigned Colonel Walter P. Lane's brigade, led by Colonel Xavier Debray to hold the left flank, Major's brigade to defend the center, and Colonel Arthur P. Bagby Jr. brigade to watch the right flank. The 36th Texas Cavalry Regiment under Colonel Peter C. Woods supported the center while Debray's 26th Texas Cavalry Regiment supported the right. Bee's artillery included Captain T. D. Nettles' Val Verde Texas Battery, Captains M. V. McMahan's and William G. Moseley's Texas batteries, and Captain John A. A. West's Louisiana Battery. Colonel Alexander W. Terrell's brigade was sent to guard the supply depot at Beasley's Plantation.
The infantry under Emory's immediate command were his own XIX Corps division, Birge's soldiers, and Brigadier General Robert Alexander Cameron's XIII Corps division. He also had available Brigadier General Richard Arnold's cavalry and Captain Henry W. Closson's artillery. Deciding against a frontal assault, Emory ordered Birge to take his 3rd Brigade, two of Cameron's regiments, and the 13th Connecticut Infantry Regiment to go upstream and look for a ford. Meanwhile, Emory sent Colonel Edmund J. Davis' 4th Cavalry Brigade downstream to look for a viable crossing. Davis' mission ended in failure, but Birge's troops encountered a local Black man who showed them a little-known ford about upstream. To draw attention away from Birge's flanking column, Emory deployed the 1st and 2nd Brigades of his own division opposite the ferry crossing in a show of force.
Action at Monett's
After being guided across the waist-deep ford, Birge's soldiers slogged through a marsh before arriving at dry ground. They waded across a small bayou and marched about before confronting a high hill defended by Confederates. Birge ordered 3rd Brigade commander Colonel Francis Fessenden to capture the position. Finding that its flanks could not be turned, Fessenden called for a frontal assault. From right to left were the 165th New York, 173rd New York, 30th Maine, and 162nd New York Infantry Regiments. They advanced across an open field and up the hill against Confederate opposition.
After Birge's outflanking force was detected, General Major assigned Colonel George W. Baylor to take command of the left flank. Baylor's defense line consisted of Colonel George T. Madison's 3rd Texas Cavalry Regiment (Arizona Brigade), Colonel Peter C. Woods' 36th Texas Cavalry Regiment, Colonel Walter P. Lane's 1st Texas Partisan Rangers, and Lieutenant Colonel Benjamin W. Clark's 1st Louisiana State Guards Cavalry Battalion. The infantry were supported by two recently captured rifled guns from McMahan's Texas Battery under Lieutenant Fontaine. Fessenden was hit in the leg and Lieutenant Colonel J. W. Blanchard assumed command. After taking their opponents under brisk fire, Baylor's men fell back and the Union soldiers occupied the hill.
Pushing forward , Blanchard shifted his reserve units, the 13th Connecticut and the 1st Louisiana Infantry Regiments to the right flank. While crossing another open field, Birge, his staff, and some cavalrymen rode forward to reconnoiter a wooded area in front of them. Just as the Union soldiers crossed a deep gully, Baylor's soldiers opened fire. Birge and his party came galloping back, disrupting the infantry formation. Many soldiers started to panic but Colonel William O. Fiske of the 1st Louisiana rallied the men and got them moving forward again. The Union soldiers pressed on and took cover in a ravine. For ten minutes, the Confederates continued firing, but then they suddenly abandoned their position.
Colonel Isham Chisum's 2nd Texas Partisan Rangers and Baylor's 2nd Texas Cavalry Regiment (Arizona Brigade) were shifted to reinforce Baylor's second position. The right flank was anchored on the Cane River, but the left flank did not extend far enough to reach a lake. Some Union troops were seen heading for the open flank, so Baylor ordered Madison's regiment to mount and move to the left to cover the gap. Baylor sent a messenger to Bee asking for two more regiments. Meanwhile, a Union battery on the north side of the Cane River began firing at Fontaine's two guns. At this time, Baylor's messenger returned from Bee stating that Baylor ought to get out of there the best way he could. By this time, most of Bee's command had retreated. Baylor ordered the 2nd Texas (Arizona Brigade) and Fontaine's guns to hold the ferry crossing until the left wing could escape, which was done.
Near the end of the action, Emory sent Closson forward with five guns to suppress Bee's artillery fire. Some Confederates crossed the river in an attempt to capture the guns, but were driven off by the 116th New York Infantry Regiment. Soon after, dismounted troopers of the 2nd New York Veteran Cavalry Regiment and the 116th New York splashed across the Cane River at the ferry and occupied the heights. Worried about Davis' abortive mission downstream and Emory's demonstration in front, as well as Birge's turning movement upstream, Bee had ordered a retreat to Beasley's Plantation. Bee was convinced that both his flanks were enveloped and that Emory was about to overwhelm his position by a frontal assault.
Aftermath
Emory sent three cavalry regiments to pursue Bee's withdrawing troops. In the twilight, the Union horsemen mistakenly chased a small Confederate detachment down the road to Alexandria, rather than follow Bee's main body toward Beasley's on the Fort Jesup road. With the crossing cleared of Confederates, Banks' African-American brigade laid a pontoon bridge across the Cane River, which was ready a little after nightfall. All night long Banks' army crossed the bridge. Wharton's cavalry skirmished with Smith's troops during the morning, but the Confederates pulled back after one hour. The last of Smith's rearguard passed over the bridge at 2:00 pm on 24 April, whereupon the pontoons were taken up. Banks' leading elements arrived at Alexandria on the morning of 25 April. Union losses during the operation numbered 300 men, including 153 from Fessenden's brigade, while Bee only admitted having lost 50 casualties.
Taylor was furious at the escape of Banks' army, which he believed was nearly in a state of panic, and he blamed Bee. In his official report, Taylor listed the errors made by Bee as follows.
In his defense, Bee pointed out that the low-water condition of the Cane River permitted the Union army to outflank his defenses and the immense size of Banks' army meant that "success was impossible". Bagby, Major, and Wharton defended Bee's actions, but Taylor ignored their pleas. He removed Bee from command of his cavalry.
Historian William Riley Brooksher asserted that much of Taylor's criticism of Bee was justified. However, he believed Bee's worst blunder was being fooled into believing that Davis' move against his right flank and Emory's demonstration against his center were major threats. Brooksher insisted that even if Bee had retained Terrell's brigade, fortified his position, and had not been taken in by Emory's feint attacks, Bee could not have stopped Banks' army. It was just too large for Bee to handle.
Foiled of his prey at Monett's Ferry, Taylor still planned to trap Banks' army on the Red River. To isolate Banks at Alexandria, Taylor placed Steele with 1,000 men north and west of the city, Bagby with 1,000 soldiers on the south side, Polignac with 1,200 infantry supporting Steele and Bagby, Major with 1,000 troops at David's Ferry on the Red River below Alexandria, and Liddell with 700 on the east side of the river. Porter's fleet was trapped by low water above the falls at Alexandria, and Banks' army had to stay there until the fleet could be either saved or destroyed.
Notes/References
Footnotes
Citations
References
Further reading
Monett's Ferry, Battle Of
Monett's Ferry, Battle Of
Monett's Ferry, Battle Of
Monett's Ferry, Battle Of
Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana
April 1864 events
1864 in Louisiana | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle%20of%20Monett%27s%20Ferry |
Seacombe railway station was located in Wallasey, Wirral, England. The station was opened by the Wirral Railway in 1895 and closed in 1963.
History
The station was the terminus of a small branch line that ran from Seacombe Junction to opposite the ferry terminal at Seacombe, adjacent to the River Mersey. It was opened on 1 June 1895 as part of the Wirral Railway, with only one other station (Liscard and Poulton) on the stretch of line. The station's single platform was largely of timber construction with a small wooden waiting shelter near the exit. An additional platform was on the site, but was never used as the adjacent line was for the turning round of steam locomotives. The station buildings were constructed of corrugated iron. This was intended as a temporary measure, pending the building of a more permanent station adjoining the ferry terminal.
On 1 July 1901 Seacombe became Seacombe & Egremont, then reverted to its original name on 5 January 1953. The station saw regular passenger trips to Birkenhead, New Brighton and Chester with occasional specials to Wrexham and West Kirby. However, the line was more focused on goods rather than passengers, so when the majority of the Wirral Railway was electrified in 1938 the Seacombe branch was omitted. Passenger services ended on 4 January 1960, although goods services continued for three further years until the station closed completely on 16 June 1963.
Since closure
The cutting in which the line was situated is now the approach road to the Kingsway (Wallasey) Tunnel. Traces of the immediate approach to the station can be found at the rear of the supermarket car park in the form of bridge stonework and a small section of sandstone wall.
References
Sources
Disused railway stations in the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral
Former Wirral Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1895
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1960
Wallasey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seacombe%20railway%20station |
Schloss Hetzendorf is a baroque palace in Hetzendorf, Meidling, Vienna, that was used by the imperial Habsburg family.
History
The building was originally a hunting lodge. It was refashioned by the architect Johann Lucas von Hildebrandt. Empress Maria Theresa had it enlarged in 1743 by Nicolò Pacassi for her mother, Empress Elizabeth Christine, who lived here from 1743 until her death in 1750. A prominent feature of the palace is the entrance hall.
It was here that Maria Carolina of Austria, Queen of Naples, died in 1814. She was the favourite sister of Marie Antoinette.
The youngest daughter of Emperor Francis II, Archduchess Maria Anna, lived here from 1835 until her death in 1858. She is said to have been mentally disabled and to have suffered from a hideous facial deformity.
It was at Hetzendorf that future Empress Zita gave birth to her daughter, Archduchess Adelheid of Austria, in 1914. Adelheid was the second child of Empress Zita and future Emperor Charles I of Austria.
Today it houses a fashion school.
References
External links
Modeschule Wien | Schloss Hetzendorf
Hetzendorfer Schlosskirche | Schloss Hetzendorf
Buildings and structures in Meidling
Palaces in Vienna
Imperial residences in Austria | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schloss%20Hetzendorf |
The Battle of Pleasant Hill occurred on April 9, 1864 and formed part of the Red River Campaign during the American Civil War when Union forces aimed to occupy the Louisiana state capital, Shreveport.
The battle was essentially a continuation of the Battle of Mansfield, a Confederate victory, which had caused the Union commander, Major General Nathaniel P. Banks, to send his wagons, with most of his artillery, downriver in retreat. However, both sides had been reinforced through the night, and when the Confederate commander, Major General Richard Taylor launched an assault against the Union line, it was repulsed though at a high cost in casualties; the Union army retreated the next day. The majority of historians consider the battle to be a Union tactical victory, although some consider it to be a draw.
Background
After the success of the Confederates at the Battle of Mansfield, April 8, 1864, Union forces retreated during the night and next morning took up a position on Pleasant Hill. The road from Mansfield to Pleasant Hill was "littered by burning wagons, abandoned knapsacks, arms, and cooking utensils. Federal stragglers and wounded were met by the hundreds and were quickly rounded up and sent to the rear," explains the historian John D. Winters of Louisiana Tech University in his The Civil War in Louisiana.
The Battle of Mansfield took place about southeast of the town of Mansfield at Sabine Cross Roads. Pleasant Hill was located about southeast of Sabine Cross Roads. Confederate reinforcements had arrived late on the April 8—Churchill's Arkansas Division arrived at Mansfield at 3.30 p.m. and Parson's Missouri Division (numbering 2,200 men) arrived at Mansfield at 6 p.m. Neither of these Divisions participated in the Battle of Mansfield — however, both would play a major role during the Battle of Pleasant Hill.
On the Union side reinforcements also arrived, when Maj. Gen. Andrew J. Smith, commanding detachments of XVI and XVII Corps, arrived from Grand Ecore late on the April 8, around nightfall, and encamped about from Pleasant Hill.
On the morning of the April 9, Franklin ordered the baggage train to proceed to Grand Ecore. It left Pleasant Hill at 11 a.m., and included many pieces of artillery. Most of Franklin's Cavalry (commanded by Brig. Gen. Albert Lindley Lee) and the XIII Corps left with it. This included the Corps D'Afrique commanded by Colonel William H. Dickey (wounded on April 8) and Brig. Gen. Thomas E. G. Ransom's detachment of the XIII Corps, now under the command of Brig. Gen. Robert A. Cameron—Ransom was also wounded on the April 8. The baggage train made slow progress and was still only a few miles from Pleasant Hill when the major fighting began later that day. Brig. Gen. Charles P. Stone, Chief of Staff, and others, attempted to get Cameron to return to Pleasant Hill throughout the day, but he failed to do so—he stated that he never received any written orders to return. Banks doesn't appear to have been fully aware of the exact orders Cameron had received from Franklin.
The Union side lost 18 pieces of artillery at the Battle of Mansfield. These were turned on the Union forces the next day at Pleasant Hill. Confederate Brig. Gen. Jean Jacques Alexandre Alfred Mouton was killed during the Battle of Mansfield, April 8, 1864; Brig. Gen. Camille J. de Polignac commanded Mouton's forces at Pleasant Hill. Confederate Trans-Mississippi Department commander Lt. Gen. Edmund Kirby Smith, who was at Shreveport, received a dispatch from Taylor that reached him at 4 a.m., April 9. It informed him of the Battle of Mansfield. Smith then rode to Pleasant Hill, but did not reach there in time for the battle—arriving around nightfall.
Among the Union regiments fighting at Pleasant Hill on April 9 was the 47th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment. Part of the Second Brigade in Emory's XIX Corps, the 47th Pennsylvania was the only regiment from the Keystone State to fight in the Union's 1864 Red River Campaign. Led by Col. Tilghman H. Good, the 47th Pennsylvania sustained a significant number of casualties, including several men who were captured by Confederate troops. Held initially at Pleasant Hill, POWs from the 47th Pennsylvania and other Union regiments were marched and moved by rail to the largest CSA prison west of the Mississippi, Camp Ford, which was situated near Tyler, Texas. Other members of the 47th ended up at Camp Groce near Hempstead, Texas, and/or at the Confederate hospital in Shreveport.
Description of the battlefield
In 1864, Pleasant Hill was a small village, situated about north the current village of Pleasant Hill—a new village that later grew up nearby (in order to be closer to the railroad) and that took the same name, after the old village was abandoned. The site of old village is today referred to as the "Old town" or "Old Pleasant Hill". Dr. Harris H. Beecher, Assistant-Surgeon, 114th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment, present at the battle, described the village of Pleasant Hill as
In 1864, the countryside in this part of Louisiana mostly consisted of pine forests and scrub oaks. According to Banks,
A newspaper described Pleasant Hill as "a little village situated on a low ridge, containing in peace-times probably 300 inhabitants." It further stated that,
Historian John Winters describes Pleasant Hill as a "piney-woods summer resort consisting of a dozen or more houses clustered along a cleared knoll, offered Banks many advantages as a battlefield, but because of the great distance from the main supply base at Alexandria and the serious lack of sufficient drinking water for an entire army, Banks could not hold this position for any length of time. During the one day, April 9, most of the rain water stored in the cisterns was depleted. Without making a final decision concerning the future of his campaign, Banks sent his wagon trains ... on the way toward Grand Ecore."
Opposing forces
Battle
According to Maj. Gen. Nathaniel P. Banks' Report of the Battle,
At 5 p.m., the Confederate forces launched their attack, charging the entire Union line. Walker's and Major's attack on the Union right had little success — the Union right, for the most part, held its ground. However, overall, this initial charge by the Confederates was highly successful and many of the positions down the Union left and center were overrun by Churchill's and Parson's forces and the Union positions were forced backwards. However, the Union side succeeded in halting the advance and regained the left and center ground, before driving the Confederates from the field. The fiercely fought battle lasted about two hours. Losses were heavy on both sides. The 32nd Iowa Infantry sustained especially heavy casualties, as it was cut off from the rest of the Union forces during the battle.
Confederate Brig. Gen. Hamilton P. Bee, with two regiments in columns of four rode swiftly down the Pleasant Hill road toward the enemy lines. The Confederate forces were suddenly attacked at close range by Federals concealed behind a fence. Winters describes the scene, accordingly: "Men toppled from their saddles, wounded horses screamed in anguish, and for a moment pandemonium reigned. Bee's men took temporary shelter ... in a series of small ravines studded with young pines until they recovered from the shock of the unexpected attack. Bee rallied his men but in the process had two horses shot from under him. Colonel [Xavier B.] Debray was injured when he fell from the saddle of his dead horse. ... Debray was able to withdraw his men safely to the rear leaving, however, about a third of them killed or wounded on the front."
Banks and his army began their retreat from Pleasant Hill at 1 a.m. on the morning of the April 10 (just a few hours after the battle had ended).
Aftermath
According to Brig. Gen. Hamilton P. Bee, writing from his headquarters at Pleasant Hill on April 10, 1864, he was in possession of the battlefield of Pleasant Hill at daylight on the morning of April 10 and he wrote that,
A number of Union soldiers were captured during the battle (and many more at the Battle of Mansfield), and were taken to Camp Ford, a Confederate prisoner-of-war Camp, near Tyler, Texas. Most were kept prisoner here for the next year or so, and were not released until a general exchange of prisoners occurred near the end of the war—a small number, however, were released at an earlier date.
After the Battle of Pleasant Hill, Banks and his Union forces retreated to Grand Ecore and abandoned plans to capture Shreveport, by then the Louisiana state capital. Some of the wounded, perhaps thirty in number from both Pleasant Hill and Mansfield, were taken to Minden for treatment. Those who died of their wounds there were interred without markers in the historic Minden Cemetery. They were finally recognized with markers erected on March 25, 2008 by the Sons of Confederate Veterans.
The historian Ludwell Johnson refers to the battle as a Union tactical victory; the majority of historians agree with this view, although a few consider the action to have been a draw.
The decisive failure of the Red River Campaign was a rare bit of uplifting news for the Confederacy in a bleak year. Despite the loss of resources (including the mercurial and beloved Brig. Gen. Tom Green, who was killed April 12), the failure of this offensive helped to prolong the war by tying down Union resources from other fronts.
Notes
References
Sources
Beecher, Dr. Harris H. Record of the 114th Regiment, N.Y.S.V.: where it went, what it saw, and what it did. Norwich, N.Y.: J.F. Hubbard, Jr., 1866.
Benedict, Henry Marvin. A memorial of Brevet Brigadier General Lewis Benedict, Colonel of 162d Regiment N. Y. V. I., who fell in battle at Pleasant Hill, La., April 9, 1864. Albany, N.Y.: J. Munsell, 82 State Street, 1866.
Greeley, Horace. The American Conflict: A History of the Great Rebellion in the United States of America, 1861–'65. Vols. 1 & 2. Hartford: O.D. Case & Company, 1864 & 1867.
Ingersoll, Lurton Dunham. Iowa and the Rebellion. A History of the Troops furnished by the State of Iowa to the Volunteer Armies of the Union, which conquered the Great Southern Rebellion of 1861–5. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1866.
Irwin, Richard Biddle. History of the Nineteenth Army Corps. New York & London: G. P. Putnam's sons, 1892.
Pollard, Edward A. The Lost Cause: A New Southern History of the War of the Confederates. New York: E.B. Treat & Co., 1866.
Scott, Bvt. Lt. Col. Robert C. (ed.) & U.S. War Department. The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies. Vol. XXXIV. Part 1 – Reports. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1891.
Stuart, Captain A. A. (17th Iowa Infantry). Iowa Colonels and Regiments: being a History of Iowa Regiments in the War of the Rebellion; and containing a description of the battles in which they have fought. Des Moines, Iowa: Mills & Company, 46 Court Avenue, 1865.
Venable, R. M., Captain (Chief of Topographical Bureau of Western Louisiana and Arkansas), April 9, 1864 Map of Confederate & Federal Positions
Winters, John D. The Civil War in Louisiana. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1963, .
National Park Service battle description
The Handbook of Texas Online.
April 1864 events
1864 in Louisiana
Pleasant Hill
Pleasant Hill
DeSoto Parish, Louisiana
Pleasant Hill
Sabine Parish, Louisiana
Pleasant Hill | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle%20of%20Pleasant%20Hill |
Cyclophosphamide Methotrexate Fluorouracil (CMF) is a commonly used regimen of breast cancer chemotherapy that combines three anti-cancer agents: cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU).
While it is no longer considered the most efficient all-around chemotherapy, it retains a great importance in the treatment of elderly patients with luminal cancers and may become important for the treatment of estrogen receptor negative androgen receptor positive luminal (GATA3 expressing) breast cancer.
The regimen was designed in order to mimic the highly successful regimen developed to treat Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Treatment
The treatment is administered over a four-week cycle. On days 1 and 8 methotrexate and 5-FU are given as injections. Cyclophosphamide may be also administered intravenously in conjunction with these drugs, or may be taken as an oral tablet, taken once each day for the first 14 days of each cycle.
Side effects
Side effects of CMF treatment include:
Nausea
Tiredness
Mouth ulcers
Infections
Diarrhea
Hair loss
Loss of fertility
References
Chemotherapy regimens used in breast cancer | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMF%20%28chemotherapy%29 |
is a Japanese ski jumper. His career achievements include a gold medal at the 1992 Ski Flying World Championships, winning the 1999 Nordic Tournament, individual silver medal at the 2014 Winter Olympics, and two individual bronze medals at the 2003 Ski Jumping World Championships.
During his career, Kasai has broken numerous ski jumping records. In 2016, he was honoured with two Guinness World Records certificates for the most individual World Cup starts, not only in ski jumping, but in all World Cup disciplines organized by the International Ski Federation. At World Cup level, Kasai competed for a total of 32 seasons between 1988–89 and 2022–23.
Career
1988: World Cup debut
Kasai made his World Cup debut on 17 December 1988 in Sapporo, Japan, at the age of 16, reaching 31st place. A year later he performed in his first Nordic World Championships in Lahti, Finland.
1992: World champion
He won his first and to date only major championship at the FIS Ski Flying World Championships 1992 in Harrachov, Czechoslovakia. He won after a second day of competition which was cancelled after strong winds and a crash of Christof Duffner. At that time he was among the world's top jumpers, known for his extraordinary style, holding his body almost flat between his skis.
1994: Olympic team medal
In 1994, he was a member of the Japanese national team that won a silver medal in the team large hill and finished fifth in the individual large hill at the Winter Olympics in Lillehammer. After breaking his shoulder he missed the entire 1994/95 season.
1999: Nordic Tournament
In 1999, Kasai won the ski jumping competition at the Holmenkollen Ski Festival and Nordic Tournament overall title. He collected a total of seven medals at the Nordic World Championships, including two silver (team large hill in 1999 and 2003) and five bronze medals (individual normal hill and individual large hill in 2003, team large hill in 2007 and 2009, and mixed team normal hill in 2015). At the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, he finished eighth on the large hill and 17th on the normal hill.
2014: Oldest Olympic medalist
At the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi he competed in a record seventh Olympics and took the silver medal in the large hill individual and the bronze in team large hill, becoming the oldest ski jumper ever to take a medal at the winter Olympics.
On 29 November 2014 Kasai became the oldest World Cup winner when he shared the victory with Simon Ammann in Ruka, Finland.
On 22 February 2015 Kasai won the bronze medal at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2015 in mixed team event and became the oldest medalist at the Nordic World Ski Championships. He performed for a record twelfth time in the competition.
2016: 500th World Cup start
On 4 March 2016 he was on a World Cup podium in Wisła at the age of 43 years and 272 days, which is a record for the oldest contestant to mount the podium in ski jumping history. On 17 March 2016 in Planica, he reached his 500th individual start in the World Cup.
2018 Olympics
Kasai finished 21st in the normal hill event at the 2018 Winter Olympics.
Major tournament results
Olympics
FIS World Nordic Ski Championships
Ski Flying World Championships
World Cup
Standings
Individual wins
Individual starts
Kasai was three times on the starting list but did not start, at Bischofshofen in 1997, Garmisch-Partenkirchen in 1998, and Lahti in 2014.
Records
During his career, Kasai broke numerous ski jumping records and age milestones. He is the oldest athlete to ever perform in the FIS Ski Jumping World Cup and holds the record for the most appearances in the competition, with a total of 569 individual starts (640 including team events) in 32 seasons between 1988–89 and 2022–23. Kasai also holds a record number of appearances in ski jumping at the Winter Olympics (21 starts), FIS Nordic World Ski Championships (42 starts), and FIS Ski Flying World Championships (13 starts). In 2016, he was awarded with two Guinness World Records certificates for "the most appearances in FIS Nordic World Ski Championships by an individual ski jumper" and "the most individual starts in FIS Ski Jumping World Cup competitions". In November 2014, Kasai became the oldest individual World Cup event winner, aged 42 years and 5 months. He is also the oldest competitor to make a World Cup podium, aged 44 years and 9 months.
Kasai is the first athlete in history to participate at eight Winter Olympics (between 1992 and 2018). At the 2014 Winter Olympics, he became the oldest Olympic medalist in ski jumping after winning a silver medal aged 41 years and 254 days.
Personal life
On 30 January 2016 his wife gave birth to their daughter named Rino.
See also
List of athletes with the most appearances at Olympic Games
References
External links
1972 births
Japanese male ski jumpers
Living people
Olympic ski jumpers for Japan
Skiers from Hokkaido
Ski jumpers at the 1992 Winter Olympics
Ski jumpers at the 1994 Winter Olympics
Ski jumpers at the 1998 Winter Olympics
Ski jumpers at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Ski jumpers at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Ski jumpers at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Ski jumpers at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Ski jumpers at the 2018 Winter Olympics
Olympic silver medalists for Japan
Olympic medalists in ski jumping
FIS Nordic World Ski Championships medalists in ski jumping
Medalists at the 1994 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Olympic bronze medalists for Japan
Holmenkollen Ski Festival winners
Holmenkollen medalists | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noriaki%20Kasai |
Palais Schwarzenberg is a Baroque palace in front of Schwarzenbergplatz, Landstraße, the 3rd district of Vienna, Austria. It is owned by the princely Schwarzenberg family.
Construction started in 1697 under the architect Johann Lucas von Hildebrandt and finished with alterations in 1728 under Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach. Construction was supervised by master builder Anton Erhard Martinelli.
The palace was commissioned by the Obersthofmarschall Heinrich Franz Graf von Mansfeld and Prince von Fondi, but he died while the Palace was being built. The unfinished property was finally bought in 1716 by Prince Adam Franz of Schwarzenberg, who had it completed.
In 1751, a riding school and an orangery were added. The richly decorated Marmorgalerie (marble gallery) is one of the largest features in the palace.
Until 2006, parts of it were a five star hotel, and the building has been used for festivities and events. It doubled as James Bond's hotel in the 1987 movie The Living Daylights. It is currently closed for refurbishment.
A Palais Schwarzenberg in Prague also exists near the cathedral on top of the hill.
Neighboring sights
Schwarzenbergplatz
Schwarzenbergstraße
Lothringerstraße
Am Heumarkt
Belvedere
Rennweg, Prinz-Eugen-Straße, Wieden district
Russisches-Helden-Denkmal (War Memorial of the Red Army)
See also
List of Baroque residences
References
Schwarzenberg family
Schwarzenberg
1697 establishments in the Habsburg monarchy
17th-century establishments in Austria
Buildings and structures in Landstraße
Schwarzenberg
Baroque architecture in Vienna | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palais%20Schwarzenberg |
This is a partial list of solar eclipses visible from the British Isles between AD 1AD 2091.
A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partially obscuring Earth's view of the Sun. Below is a complete list of total and annular eclipses visible anywhere within the modern extent of the United Kingdom between AD 1 and AD 2090 and a description of forthcoming partial solar eclipses visible in Britain in the next fifteen years or so. For a complete list of solar eclipses visible from the United Kingdom between AD 1501 and AD 2500, see the Journal of the British Astronomical Association, February 2001.
5th century (401-500)
16 April 413
A total eclipse was visible in far southern Ireland, northern Wales, and the English Midlands. Totality lasted about 2 minutes.
28 May 458
Another total eclipse of similar duration (2:21), it followed a somewhat more oblique path, from South Wales to Lincolnshire. The point of greatest eclipse was located just east of Llandovery (then Alabum), where it occurred at about 11 in the morning.
7th century (601-700)
1 May 664
A total eclipse which was widely visible across the United Kingdom. It is the first eclipse for which there are recorded observations from England. Totality occurred at around 5:30 pm and lasted for over 2 minutes.
12th century (AD 1101 – 1200)
2 August 1133
"King Henry's Eclipse": A total eclipse, recorded in the Peterborough Chronicle (under 1135 due to the vagaries of the dating system in use): and the next day, as he lay asleep on ship, the day darkened over all lands, and the Sun was all **
20 March 1140
A total eclipse, recorded by William of Malmesbury in his Historia Novella. In his opinion this was a sign which foretold the capture of King Stephen in the Battle of Lincoln in 1141. This is the Lenten eclipse also reported in the Peterborough Chronicle as being on the thirteenth day before the kalends of April: '''After this, during Lent, the sun and the day darkened about the noon-tide of the day, when men were eating; and they lighted candles to eat by. That was the thirteenth day before the kalends of April. Men were greatly wonderstricken Totality was experienced at about 3:00pm at the centre line of the eclipse (near Derby).
15th to 16th centuries (AD 1401 – 1600)
26 June 1424
A total eclipse of almost 2 and a half minutes duration in the extreme north of Scotland, Orkney and Shetland.
17 June 1433
Another Scottish total eclipse from the Hebrides in the north-west to the English borders in the east and then a strip of the Yorkshire coast.
16 March 1485
Partial eclipse visible in London the same day as Richard III's queen, Anne Neville, died. Claimed as an ill omen by Richard's Tudor opponents.
25 February 1597 (March 7, 1598 by Gregorian calendar)
A total eclipse with a diagonal track from Cornwall in the south-west to Aberdeen in the north-east of Scotland.
17th to 19th centuries (AD 1601–1900)
8 April 1652
Another total solar eclipse with a diagonal track, this time across Pembrokeshire, the Lake District and then Scotland from the south-west to the north-east, including most of the major cities.
12 August 1654
Yet another total eclipse for Scotland, this time a track across the north of Scotland near Aberdeen.
23 September 1699
A narrow path of totality just clipped the north-east corner of Scotland, including Wick.
3 May 1715
A marvellous British Total Solar Eclipse from Cornwall in the south-west to Lincolnshire and Norfolk in the east. Edmund Halley, (later the second man to be appointed Astronomer Royal), observed the eclipse from London. The city of London enjoyed 3 minutes 33 seconds of totality.
22 May 1724
A fine Total Solar Eclipse with a north-west to south-east track, from southern Wales and Devon in the west, eastwards to Hampshire and Sussex, but passing to the south of London.
There was no Total Solar Eclipse visible from the United Kingdom between 1724 and 1925.
20th century (AD 1901 – 2000)
24 January 1925
Total Solar Eclipse: A short duration total eclipse at sunset in British waters to the north of the Hebrides. Although it nowhere touched land, the path of totality ran very close to several outlying Scottish islands, including St Kilda; the islet of Sula Sgeir experienced 99.9% totality.
29 June 1927
Total Solar Eclipse: A mere 24 seconds of totality in the early morning, along a narrow track from North Wales, through Lancashire to the English north-east coast, but weather was very poor with cloud and high winds. However the Astronomer Royal's expedition to Giggleswick in North Yorkshire was amongst the few to catch sight of totality.
30 June 1954
Total Solar Eclipse at Unst in the Shetland Islands, although the centre line was north of British territorial waters. A large partial eclipse was widely observed over the whole of the UK.
2 October 1959
A partial eclipse visible over the whole of the United Kingdom ranging from approximately 20% in Northern Scotland to approximately 40% in South West Cornwall.
15 February 1961
The United Kingdom was greeted at dawn with a large portion of the Sun covered with maximum eclipse being approximately on the horizon ranging from 85% in Northern Scotland to between 92% and 95% in Southern England.
Partial solar eclipses also occurred on 20 May 1966, 22 September 1968, 25 February 1971, 10 July 1972, 30 June 1973, 11 May 1975, 29 April 1976, 20 July 1982, 15 December 1982, 4 December 1984, 21 May 1993 and 10 May 1994. (Source: HMNAO Eclipses On-line Portal.)
12 October 1996
A partial solar eclipse which covered 60% of the Sun over the British Isles.
11 August 1999
Total Solar Eclipse over Cornwall and part of south Devon, partial over the rest of the United Kingdom. Totality was observable from English Channel and the island of Alderney in the Channel Islands, but was almost universally clouded out on the British mainland. The clouds did clear in the Newquay area, though, allowing observation of full totality. A large partial eclipse was visible in the south-east of England and south Wales. Observers in various places noted birds falling silent, daylight colours turning to grey, and temperatures falling, augmented by a passing wisp of cloud at the moment of peak eclipse.
21st century (AD 2001 – 2100)
31 May 2003
An annular solar eclipse at sunrise was visible in the far north-west of Scotland.
3 October 2005
Partial eclipse approaching 75% partial in South West England.
29 March 2006
A small partial eclipse was visible across the country. South East England saw the greatest magnitude at around 30%, northern Scotland the least at around 15%. The eclipse was total in Libya and Turkey.
1 August 2008
A small partial eclipse over the whole of the UK as a total eclipse crosses central Russia east of the Urals. 40% in northern Scotland falling to less than 20% in the south-west of England.
4 January 2011
A partial eclipse, which was nowhere total, could be seen at sunrise in South East England, where with a favourable south-eastern horizon a Sun 75% covered by the Moon was seen.
20 March 2015
An eclipse which was total across the north Atlantic including the Faroe Islands resulted in a large partial eclipse across the UK, greater than 80% everywhere. While the line of totality didn't touch the mainland in the United Kingdom, it passed less than ten kilometres to the north-west of the island of Rockall.
21 August 2017
A total solar eclipse in parts of the USA results in a small partial eclipse visible at sunset.
11 August 2018
A very small partial eclipse, about 2%, on the northern coast of Scotland, Orkney and Shetland.
10 June 2021
An eclipse which was annular across Canada and the Arctic gave rise to partial eclipse across Britain ranging from 50% in northern Scotland to 30% in south-east England.
25 October 2022
An eclipse which is nowhere total results in a partial eclipse across Britain with north-east Scotland the most favoured, at around 35% falling to less than 20% in Cornwall.
8 April 2024
A partial eclipse may be visible from parts of Britain just before sunset.
29 March 2025
Partial ranging from 40% partial in Kent to about 50% partial in the north-west of Scotland.
12 August 2026
An eclipse which is total across Iceland, the Atlantic Ocean and Spain results in a very large partial eclipse across Britain with western Ireland the most favoured, at around 96% in Cornwall falling to 91% in Aberdeen.
2 August 2027
Partial ranging from about 30% partial in the north of Scotland to almost 60% partial in the south-west of England. Total eclipse from Gibraltar.
26 January 2028
About 40% partial at sunset.
1 June 2030
About 50% partial at sunrise.
21 August 2036
60–70% partial, greatest in the north of Scotland.
16 January 2037
50–60% partial at sunrise, most in the north of Scotland.
5 January 2038
Less than 20% partial nationwide at sunset.
2 July 2038
Less than 20% partial nationwide.
21 June 2039
Over 60% partial, touching 80% in the north of Scotland.
11 June 2048
Annular passing just north of Shetland. Over 60% across mainland UK.
14 November 2050
Over 80% partial across all except south and south west of England.
12 September 2053
40–60% partial, best in south.
5 November 2059
70–80% partial at sunrise, best in SW England.
3 September 2062
Partial grazing the north of Scotland, best in Shetland but still less than 20% partial.
5 February 2065
Partial; over 80% for whole UK. No totality.
21 April 2069
Partial eclipse, peaking at around 50% in NW Scotland.
12 September 2072
Limited partial eclipse peaking at around 40% in NE Scotland.
13 July 2075
Over 60% partial at sunrise nationally.
26 November 2076
Partial, between 40 and 60% partial
1 May 2079
Over 40% partial over 60% in NW Scotland.
3 September 2081
Totality in the Channel Islands, over 80% partial across England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Over 60% through Scotland.
27 February 2082
60–80% partial at sunset, best in the south.
21 April 2088
Around 40–50% partial, best in the south east.
23 September 2090
Total Solar Eclipse: the next total eclipse visible in the UK follows a track similar to that of 11 August 1999, but shifted slightly further north and occurring very near sunset. Maximum duration in Cornwall will be 2 minutes and 10 seconds. Same day and month as the eclipse of 23 September 1699.
18 February 2091
Partial Solar Eclipse: viewable from most areas of the UK. It will be visible from 08:25 to 10:55am, and at its peak at around 09:30. From southern England about 55% of the Sun will be eclipsed. From northern Scotland, over 60% will be eclipsed.
7 February 2092
40–50% partial at sunset.
23 July 2093
Annular eclipse over southern Scotland, Northern England and most of Northern Ireland. Over 80% partial for the rest of the country. Near the centre line, just over 5 minutes of annularity will be observed. The centre line runs roughly from Ayr to Newcastle.
22nd century (AD 2101 – 2200)
3 June 2133
Total eclipse over the far north-west of Scotland, including the Isles of Lewis, Harris, northern Skye and Shetland, partial eclipse elsewhere. Maximum duration will be 3 minutes and 36 seconds.
7 October 2135
Total eclipse over central and southern Scotland and north-east England. The centre line runs from the islands of Tiree and Mull, north of Glasgow and south of Edinburgh, through Livingston to Seahouses in Northumberland. Maximum duration will be 4 minutes and 50 seconds.
14 June 2151
Total eclipse over south-west Scotland, Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man, north, central and eastern England and north-east Wales. The centre line runs from the southern tip of the Kintyre peninsula in Argyll and Bute, through Lancashire, West and South Yorkshire, Lincolnshire and the Wash to the Suffolk coast. Maximum duration will be 3 minutes and 48 seconds.
4 June 2160
Total eclipse over Land's End in Cornwall and the Scilly Isles, as well as the far southwestern tip of Ireland, partial eclipse elsewhere. Maximum duration will be 2 minutes and 58 seconds.
8 November 2189
Total eclipse over Cornwall and south Devon and the Channel Islands, as well as southwest Ireland, partial eclipse elsewhere. The centre line runs from Tralee, through Truro and passing just to the south of Jersey. Maximum duration will be 4 minutes and 10 seconds.
14 April 2200
Total eclipse over Northern Ireland and northern England. The centre line runs from Enniskillen, through Armagh, Downpatrick, the Isle of Man, Morecambe Bay and North Yorkshire to the East coast between Bridlington and Hornsea. Maximum duration will be 1 minute and 23 seconds.
References
External links
The NASA solar eclipse calculator for Europe
List of solar eclipses in United Kingdom
Solar eclipses
United Kingdom
Historical events in the United Kingdom
Solar eclipses | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20solar%20eclipses%20visible%20from%20the%20United%20Kingdom |
Chirundu is a village and border post in Zimbabwe on the border with Zambia, in Mashonaland West province. The name Chirundu means "people following one another in a line or queue" probably referring to the crossing of the Zambezi river by bridge at Chirundu. The village is located on the banks of the Zambezi river, and as a result it lies in the hot Zambezi Valley. It is the site of the Chirundu Bridges, two road bridges across the Zambezi river.
On the Zambian side of the river is a slightly larger town also called Chirundu. The bridge is the principal border crossing for traffic travelling from Harare in Zimbabwe, to Lusaka in Zambia. Chirundu is surrounded by wildlife/safari areas, elephants frequently wander around the village. It is also a popular destination for fishing.
Transport
In 2009, a railway branch extension is proposed to this town.
See also
Railway stations in Zimbabwe
Chirundu Bridge
R3 road (Zimbabwe)
References
Zambia–Zimbabwe border crossings
Zambezi River
Populated places in Mashonaland West Province | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirundu%2C%20Zimbabwe |
Palais Augarten is a Baroque palace in the district of Leopoldstadt, Vienna, Austria. Constructed in the late seventeenth century by Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach on the site of a Jagdschloss and gardens, the palace and gardens were expanded in the nineteenth century under Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria. Despite extensive damage suffered during World War II, the palace has been maintained almost in its original appearance, and many of the original furnishings can still be found there. Today, Palais Augarten is the home and rehearsal space of the Vienna Boys' Choir, who also have their own school there. The palace is located in the 130-acre Augarten park, which is the oldest Baroque garden in Vienna.
History
Until the 18th century, the present-day Leopoldstadt district consisted of forestland used by the Emperor and his court as a hunting ground. In 1614, Emperor Matthias built a hunting château on the site. In 1649, Emperor Ferdinand III added a Dutch-style gardens. Under his successor, Emperor Leopold I, the Augarten area saw increased settlement by nobility and Carmelite monks and eventually became part of Vienna. In 1677, Leopold I, who gave his name to the district (Leopold's City), added an extensive Baroque garden to the hunting château of his predecessors. In 1683, during the Battle of Vienna, Turkish forces used the area as a military base, and by the end of the war, the Baroque gardens were completely destroyed.
In 1688, the Augarten hunting château was sold to businessman Zacharias Leeb, who hired Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach to construct a palace on the site. Augarten park remained the possession of the Emperor. Palais Augarten was completed in 1692, and was originally called "Palais Leeb". In the coming decades, the palace was expanded and remodeled several times, changing owners more than once. In 1712, Emperor Charles VI hired landscape gardener Jean Trehet to redesign the Baroque park in the French style.
In 1780 this palace came into the possession of Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor. Until the beginning of the twentieth century it remained in the possession of the Habsburg family. During this period, and especially in the nineteenth century, many balls were held in the palace, and a salon was opened. Among the guests at that time were Richard Wagner, Franz Liszt, and Hans Makart.
The greatest ball in the Palais Augarten took place on the occasion of the Viennese World's Fair of 1873; among the guests were Emperor Francis Joseph I and Czar Alexander II of Russia. In 1897 the palace was significantly remodeled for the family of Archduke Otto, the nephew of Emperor Francis Joseph.
From 1934 to 1936 the palace was inhabited by the Austrian Chancellor Kurt Schuschnigg. During the Second World War, the estate was badly damaged, but after the war it was completely restored. In 1948 it was given to the Vienna Boys' Choir. The porcelain manufactory Vienna Porcelain Manufactory Augarten is also located there. Today the palace, along with the rest of the Augarten, is in the possession of the state of Austria.
References
Citations
Bibliography
External links
Augarten Wien
Augarten
Augarten
Baroque architecture in Vienna
Imperial residences in Austria | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palais%20Augarten |
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