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José García de León y Pizarro (1770 in Madrid – 1835 in Madrid) was Minister of State (First Secretary of State) of Spain from 30 October 1816 to 14 September 1818. He married Maria Mercedes Avila and had a son Rafael Garcia.
Spanish untitled nobility
1770 births
1835 deaths
Government ministers of Spain | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9%20Garc%C3%ADa%20de%20Le%C3%B3n%20y%20Pizarro |
Barrowfield is a neighbourhood of Glasgow, Scotland, close to Celtic Park, home of Celtic F.C., which lies immediately to the east. It is bounded by the A89 road (Gallowgate) to the north and the A74 (London Road) to the south.
History
Being an area of working class housing enclosed by main roads and railway lines, Barrowfield consequently developed a distinctive character. The original 1930s council housing scheme flats (built to accommodate those cleared from Glasgow's 19th century slums in nearby areas such as Camlachie) became increasingly hard to let and were demolished in the 2000s to make way for more appealing houses. A small section of the original tenements remain around the junction of Law Street and Overtown Street, though extensively refurbished.
In the 1950s the area changed from a working-class neighbourhood like most other areas of the city to being a place renowned for its gangs, namely "The Torch" and "The Spur" whose territory was respectively located at the north and south ends of the main thoroughfare; Each terrorised the other's patch, and the area was so violent that the fighting diminished in the 1980s only because the gang leaders realised that dealing in drugs was more profitable. Unfortunately for the community, this meant the scheme had hundreds of drug abusers from all over Glasgow coming to the area to buy their "gear". Barrowfield therefore has a high mortality rate amongst the youth, largely due to drug abuse and suicide. In the early 21st century the area underwent a massive revamp, but the drug problem persists and crime is still high. In 2009, the data zone covering the neighbourhood was classed as the most deprived in Scotland.
Footballer James McArthur and actor Paul Brannigan grew up in Barrowfield in the 1990s.
Sport
A historic football stadium, Barrowfield Park, was the home ground of Clyde F.C. between 1877 and 1898 prior to their move to Shawfield Stadium, and also hosted matches for Eastern F.C. and Albatross. However the ground was actually in the city's Dalmarnock neighbourhood, taking its name from the historic Barrowfield rural estate which once occupied much of the surrounding area.
For many years, Celtic F.C. conducted most of their training routines at a facility to the east of Celtic Park named Barrowfield, but it is also not within the boundaries of the present-day Barrowfield residential area west of the stadium. The source of this double naming stems from Junior club Bridgeton Waverley, who played at a ground named 'Barrowfield', also named after the historic estate and located approximately at Mountainblue Street today, until the 1930s when that land was bought over for construction of the new housing scheme (the Nelson Recreation Ground a few blocks away was also demolished). Waverley moved about east to the other site, part of Westthorn Park, and named their new ground 'New Barrowfield'. Celtic later took control of it as their training ground in the early 1960s and the Barrowfield name became familiar to many football fans as a result, however it may be assumed the training ground is the same place as the housing scheme, which is not technically correct. Today there are still football pitches on the land which are owned and used by the club.
After the 2014 Commonwealth Games was held in Glasgow, Barrowfield has international-class sporting facilities within walking distance: the Commonwealth Arena and Sir Chris Hoy Velodrome are in nearby Dalmarnock. The Crownpoint Sports Complex, a modern outdoor athletics track, is also nearby adjacent to St Mungo's Academy.
References
Areas of Glasgow
Parkhead
Bridgeton–Calton–Dalmarnock | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barrowfield |
The Y Griega Station () is a station on Line 1 of the Monterrey Metro, a light rail system in Monterrey, Mexico. The station was opened on 25 April 1991 as part of the inaugural section of Line 1, going from San Bernabé to Exposición.
This station is named after the three-way junction that Avenues Colón and Madero make, and its logo represents it in the form of a letter "Y".
The Y Griega station is a major transfer station as many buses that service communities off the Metropolitan area such as Pesquería connect to the Metro system at the Y Griega station. A bus line operated by the Nuevo Leon State Government called the Ruta Express (Express Route) operates from this station to the airport. The Y Griega station also serves the Fundidora Park.
This station is in the Acero neighborhood (Colonia Acero) and it is close to Parque Fundidora.
References
Metrorrey stations
Railway stations opened in 1991
1991 establishments in Mexico | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%20Griega%20metro%20station |
Equinox is an Amiga demo group with an active period between the years 1987-1996.
The name Equinox was not used from the beginning. In the early days the group were called themselves "The Powerlords", or sometimes "The Powerlords Corporation" (TPL), which consisted of sections in Sweden, Norway and the United Kingdom. At the end of 1990, just after The Powerlords and Aurora's Amiga Halloween Conference, TPL was about to break up. Some members did have some short adventures in other groups at this time. In December 1990 the former organizers of the United Kingdom, Sweden and Norway sections decided to keep the best members and change the group name to Equinox. Some time later, a group from Switzerland that was active for many years as 'Equinoxe', cut off the 'e' and joined Equinox.
Equinox released a bit over 30 Amiga demos and intros, and also got well known for releasing the disk magazine European Top 20, a combined chart and magazine in the years 1992 to 1993. Their demo party arranged together with Horizon in Eskilstuna 1993 assembled 500 persons.
Up until 1993, Equinox was a pure demo group, but then started to grow at large in the trading and board scene as well. Many traders and some of Sweden's biggest boards at the time joined the group. Equinox primetime chart, the European Top 20, reflected this by having many board-scene-related categories and articles.
Productions (excerpt)
European Top 20 (disk magazine, 1992-1993)
Beast of Prey (10th at "The Computer Crossroad" demoscene party, 1993)
Sonical Fantasia (march, 1993)
In A Dream (April, 1994)
Hydrocephalus II (4th at The Gathering, 1995)
See also
References
External links
Homepage
Group entry on Pouët
Group Entry on Demozoo
Demogroups | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equinox%20%28Amiga%20demogroup%29 |
Molbath is a small village in Lower Saxony, Germany. It has about 130 inhabitants and belongs to the commune of Suhlendorf. It was mentioned in historic documents under the name "Moolbaat," which may give a hint as to the traditional pronunciation, as this place name seems to be unique.
Villages in Lower Saxony | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molbath |
In computer science, a scale factor is a number used as a multiplier to represent a number on a different scale, functioning similarly to an exponent in mathematics. A scale factor is used when a real-world set of numbers needs to be represented on a different scale in order to fit a specific number format. Although using a scale factor extends the range of representable values, it also decreases the precision, resulting in rounding error for certain calculations.
Uses
Certain number formats may be chosen for an application for convenience in programming, or because of certain advantages offered by the hardware for that number format. For instance, early processors did not natively support the IEEE floating-point standard for representing fractional values, so integers were used to store representations of the real world values by applying a scale factor to the real value. Similarly, because hardware arithmetic has a fixed width (commonly 16, 32, or 64 bits, depending on the data type), scale factors allow representation of larger numbers (by manually multiplying or dividing by the specified scale factor), though at the expense of precision. By necessity, this was done in software, since the hardware did not support fractional value. Scale factors are also used in floating-point numbers, and most commonly are powers of two. For example, the double-precision format sets aside 11 bits for the scaling factor (a binary exponent) and 53 bits for the significand, allowing various degrees of precision for representing different ranges of numbers, and expanding the range of representable numbers beyond what could be represented using 64 explicit bits (though at the cost of precision).
As an example of where precision is lost, a 16-bit unsigned integer (uint16) can only hold a value as large as 65,53510. If unsigned 16-bit integers are used to represent values from 0 to 131,07010, then a scale factor of would be introduced, such that the scaled values correspond exactly to the real-world even integers. As a consequence, for example, the number 3 cannot be represented, because a stored 1 represents a real-world 2, and a stored 2 represents a real-world 4; there are not enough bits available to avoid this error in this representation.
Operations on scaled values
Once the scaled representation of a real value is stored, the scaling can often be ignored until the value needs to come back into the "real world". For instance, adding two scaled values is just as valid as unscaling the values, adding the real values, and then scaling the result, and the former is much easier and faster. In either approach, though, the two added numbers must be scaled the same. For other operations, the scaling is very important.
Multiplication, for instance, needs to take into account that both numbers are scaled. As an example, consider two real world values A and B. The real world multiplication of these real world values is:
A * B = P
If they are instead represented with a scale factor of Z, and these scaled representations are subsequently multiplied, the result is the following:
AZ * BZ = Q
AZ is the scaled real world value of A, or simply the product of A * Z, and likewise, BZ is the scaled representation of B. After the scaled multiplication, the answer is not written PZ, because the value stored in PZ is not the answer. This can be seen by rearranging the statement, where each line in the following is equivalent:
AZ * BZ = Q
A * Z * B * Z = Q
(A * B) * Z * Z = Q
P * Z * Z = Q
PZ * Z = Q
In line 4, P substitutes A * B. It follows that the result of AZ * BZ (which is Q) is not PZ, but rather PZ * Z. If PZ were the answer, it could be stored directly since it has the scale factor built in, as is the case with addition and subtraction. For multiplication, however, the product of two scaled values has an extra scaling built in. As long as this is taken into account, there is still no need to convert AZ and BZ into A and B before performing the operation; the result must be divided by Z before storing it back. After this, PZ will be stored as the result of the multiplication, which is indeed the scaled representation of the result of A * B (the desired answer) rather than the result of AZ * BZ (which is still scaled).
Common scaling scenarios
Fractional values scaled to integers
As previously described, many older processors (and possibly some current ones) do not natively support fractional arithmetic. In this case, fractional values can be scaled into integers by multiplying them by ten to the power of whatever decimal precision is desired. In other words, to preserve n digits to the right of the decimal point, it is necessary to multiply the entire number by 10n. In computers, which perform calculations in binary, the real number is multiplied by 2m to preserve m digits to the right of the binary point; alternatively, one can bit shift the value m places to the left. For example, in the following set of real world fractional values, all have three digits to the right of the decimal point:
15.400, 0.133, 4.650, 1.000, 8.001
To save all of that information (in other words, not lose any precision), these numbers must be multiplied by 103 (1,000), giving integer values of:
15400, 133, 4650, 1000, 8001
Because of the value of the scaled numbers, they cannot be stored in 8bit integers; they will require at least 14 unsigned bits, or, more realistically, 16.
Integer values to fractions
Certain processors, particularly DSPs common in the embedded system industry, have built in support for the fixed-point arithmetic, such as Q and IQ formats.
Since the fractional part of a number takes up some bits in the field, the range of values possible in a fixed9point value is less than the same number of bits would provide to an integer. For instance, in an 8 bit field, an unsigned integer can store values from [0, 255], but an unsigned fixed-point with 5 bits allocated to the fractional part only has 3 bits left over for the integer value, and so can only store integer values from [0, 7]. (The number of distinct values that the two fields can store is the same, 28 = 256, because the fixed-point field can also store 32 fractional values for each integer value.) It is therefore common that a scaling factor is used to store real world values that may be larger than the maximum value of the fixed-point format.
As an example, when using an unsigned 8-bit fixed-point format (which has 4 integer bits and 4 fractional bits), the highest representable integer value is 15, and the highest representable mixed value is 15.9375 (0xF.F or 1111.1111b). If the desired real world values are in the range [0,160], they must be scaled to fit within this fixed-point representation. A scale factor of cannot be used here, because scaling 160 by gives 16, which is greater than the greatest value that can be stored in this fixed-point format. However, will work as a scale factor, because the maximum scaled value, = 14., fits within this range. Given this set:
154, 101, 54, 3, 0, 160
Scaling these with the scale factor gives the following values:
154/11 = 14
101/11 = 9.1818...
54/11 = 4.9090...
3/11 = 0.2727...
0/11 = 0
160/11 = 14.5454...
Many of these values have been truncated because they contain repeating decimals, which follows from the chosen scale factor (elevenths do not terminate in decimal). When storing these in our fixed-point format, some precision will be lost (in contrast to the exact values of the original integers). This is also a problem because an 8-bit format can store 256 different values, but the numbers in this set are from a range with only 161 possible values (0 through 160). As it turns out, the problem was the scale factor, , which introduced unnecessary precision requirements and rounding error (when approximating a real value with the nearest representable value). To avoid or resolve this problem, one must choose a better scale factor.
Choosing a scale factor
The example above illustrates how certain scale factors can cause unnecessary precision loss or rounding error, highlighting the importance of choosing the right scale factor. Using the scale factor of and converting to binary representations, the following values are obtained:
154/11 = 14 = 1110.0
101/11 = 9.1818... = 1001.00101110...
54/11 = 4.9090... = 100.111010...
3/11 = 0.2727... = 0.010010...
0/11 = 0 = 0.0
160/11 = 14.5454... = 1110.10010...
Several of the binary fractions require more than the four fractional bits provided by the set fixed-point format. (This is in part because elevenths do not terminate in binary either.) To fit them into the fields (4 integer and 4 fractional bits), it is possible to truncate the remaining bits, giving the following stored representations:
1110.0000
1001.0010
0100.1110
0000.0100
0000.0000
1110.1001
Or in decimal:
14.0
9.125
4.875
0.25
0.0
14.5625
When they are called back into the real world, they are divided by the scale factor, . This is the inverse of the original scaling, giving the following "real world" values:
154.0
100.375
53.625
2.75
0
160.1875
These values are not equivalent to the originals (before scaling down and fitting into this 8-bit representation). Most noticeably, they are not all integers anymore, immediately indicating that an error was introduced in the storage, due to a poor choice of scaling factor.
Choosing a better scale factor
Most data sets will not have a perfect scale factor; most likely, there will be some error introduced by the scaling process. However, it may be possible to choose a better scale factor. The ideal scale factor may not be the smallest, but rather one that preserves as much precision as possible.
Dividing a number by a power of two is the same as shifting all the bits to the right once for each power of two. (This is the binary equivalent to shifting all decimal digits to the left or right when, respectively, multiplying or dividing by powers of ten.) The pattern of bits does not change, it just moves the number of places equal to the binary exponent (for instance, 3 places to the right when dividing by 8 = 23). On the other hand, when dividing by a number that is not an integer power of two in binary, the bit pattern changes. This is likely to produce a bit pattern with more bits to the right of the binary point, artificially introducing required precision. This is especially true when the fractional part has a denominator that is not a power of two, as all fractions not reciprocals of powers of two recur in binary. Therefore, it is almost always preferable to use a scale factor that is a power of two. It may still be possible to lose bits that get shifted right off the end of the field as a result of truncation, but this avoids introducing new bits that will be imprecise (due to rounding error) or truncated.
As an illustration the use of powers of two in the scale factor, a scale factor of can be applied to the above data set. The binary values for the original data set are given below:
154 = 1001 1010
101 = 0110 0101
54 = 0011 0110
3 = 0000 0011
0 = 0000 0000
160 = 1010 0000
Being integers between 0 and 255, these all can be represented precisely with 8 bits. Scaling these by is the same as dividing by 16, which is the same as shifting the bits 4 places to the right. In this case, scaling is done by inserting a binary point between the first 4 bits and last 4 bits of each number. That happens to equal the predetermined format of this representation. Consequently, since all these numbers do not require more than 8 bits to represent them as integers, no more than 8 bits are required to scale them down and store them in a fixed-point format.
See also
Logarithm
Scaling (geometry)
Scientific notation
References
Theory of computation | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scale%20factor%20%28computer%20science%29 |
Marquard Herrgott (9 October 1694 – 9 October 1762) was a German Benedictine historian and diplomat.
Hergott was born at Freiburg in the Breisgau. After studying humanities at Freiburg and Strasburg, he became tutor in a private family at the latter place and accompanied his two pupils to Paris, where he remained two years. Upon his return to Germany he entered the Benedictine Abbey of St. Blasien in the Black Forest, made his vows on 17 November 1715, and was sent to Rome to study theology. After being ordained priest on 17 Dec., 1718, he returned to St. Blasien.
In 1721 he went to the Abbey of St. Gall to study Oriental languages, but was soon recalled in order to accompany his abbot to Vienna, where he devoted himself for a few months to the study of history. Shortly after, he was sent to the Abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés to continue his historical studies under the direction of the learned Maurist Benedictines.
The first fruit of these studies was a valuable work on old monastic customs, Vetus disciplina monastica (Paris, 1726). Shortly after the publication of this work, Herrgott returned to St. Blasien, gathered material for a history of the Diocese of Constance and wrote a history of St. Blasien, which is preserved in manuscript at St. Paul's Abbey in Carinthia.
In 1728 he was sent to the imperial Court of Vienna as diplomatic representative of the Estates of Breisgau, which then belonged to Austria, and filled this position very creditably over twenty years. While at Vienna he made a thorough study of the history of the imperial house of Habsburg and, after eight years of research, published the first three volumes of his valuable work on the Austrian Imperial family Genealogia diplomatica Augusta Gentis Habsburgicæ (Vienna, 1737). The continuation of this work he published under the title Monumenta Augustæ Domus Austriacæ, vol. I (Vienna, 1750), vol. II (Freiburg, 1753), vol. III (Freiburg, 1760), second edition (St. Blasien, 1773).
As reward for his labours he had been appointed imperial councillor and historiographer in 1737. In 1749 he gave offence to the imperial Court by defending the rights of the Church and the privileges of the Estates, and, in consequence, was forced to resign his office. His abbot appointed him provost of Krozingen and governor of Staufen and Kirchhofen, which were dependencies of the Abbey of St. Blasien.
He died at Krozingen near Freiburg.
References
1694 births
1762 deaths
18th-century German historians
German Benedictines
German diplomats
German male non-fiction writers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marquard%20Herrgott |
The British Motor Museum in Gaydon, Warwickshire, England holds the world's largest collection of historic British cars, with over 300 cars on display from the British Motor Industry Heritage Trust and the Jaguar Heritage Trust.
History
The creation of the British Leyland Motor Corporation (BL) in 1968 saw the bringing together of multiple motor vehicle companies and marques (Austin, Jaguar, Morris, MG, Riley, Rover, Standard Triumph, and Wolseley). With many of the companies having their own collections of historic vehicles, in 1975 a centralised Leyland Historic Vehicles department was created to manage these. As the collection got ever larger, in 1983 BL created charitable trusts to ensure that these important collections, not only of vehicles, but of company archives too, would be preserved for the nation. The British Motor Industry Heritage Trust (BMIHT) was created, and under its umbrella, so were the Austin Rover Group Heritage Trust and the Jaguar Daimler Heritage Trust. In 1990, following the acquisition of Jaguar by Ford, the Jaguar Daimler Heritage Trust collection was moved to the Jaguar Browns Lane plant in Coventry. The Austin Rover Group Heritage Trust, which with the company by then having morphed into the Rover Group, became the Rover Group Trust, transferred its collection in its entirety to the BMIHT.
The collection, some of which was located at Syon Park, London, and the remainder being kept at Studley Castle, Warwickshire, continued to grow, and the BMIHT decided that a new building was required to house it all. With financial assistance from the Rover Group, and other benefactors, a large new facility was built, set in of grounds, on the Rover Group's Gaydon site in Warwickshire (the former RAF Gaydon airfield), and opened as the Heritage Motor Centre in 1993. The trust's complete collection, which included more than 25 vehicles, was relocated to the new centre.
The museum became a Designated Collection when it was added to the "exceptional cultural collections" of the Arts Council England in December 2014.
In 2015, the museum was temporarily closed for a £1.1 million refurbishment and rebranding to take place. Additionally, a new £4 million two-storey Collection Centre was built to house the reserve collection of the trust. The museum was reopened on 13 February 2016 as the British Motor Museum. The new Collection Centre houses about 250 extra vehicles, and is used for both BMIHT and Jaguar Heritage Trust (formerly the Jaguar Daimler Heritage Trust) cars.
Following Jaguar's decision to close their Jaguar Heritage Centre, a small selection of the Jaguar Heritage Collection has been on display at the Museum.
In 2003 more than sixty cars from the collection were auctioned off by the British Motor Industry Heritage Trust; over forty more cars were sold off from the museum in 2006.
Vehicles in the collection
This is not an exhaustive list — a complete list is provided on the centre's website. Due to space limitations, not all cars are exhibited at all times.
The very first Land Rover (1948)
The first and last production models of the Land Rover Freelander
Various Land Rover, Range Rover, and Rover P5 vehicles used by the British Royal Family and senior politicians
An SAS Land Rover
Prototype Land Rover 101 Recovery Truck
Shaun the Sheep Land Rover Defender
Land Rover Series 2 track wheeled off-road vehicle
Rare Land Rover Llama lorry
The millionth Land Rover Discovery 4
The first and last production models of the Rover 75
Rover Gas Turbine cars
The Metro 1.3 HLS as shown at the 1980 Motor Show
Metro 6R4 Rally Car
Various MG Speed Record cars
The first Mini produced: 621 AOK
The last Rover Mini Cooper produced (2000)
The Minis that won the Monte Carlo Rally during the 1960s
Various Mini based prototypes, such as the Minissima
FAB1 from the Thunderbirds film
An Ascari KZ1 show car from 2000
Rolls-Royce Phantom
The last Aston Martin DB7
Aston Martin V12 Vanquish
Sinclair C5
Ford RS200
The last production Austin Montego
Ford Escort Mark I as used in the 1970 London to Mexico World Cup Rally
Jaguar R1 Formula One racecar from 2000
Nuffield Gutty prototype
Research services
The British Motor Museum offers a research and registry service for several British car marques. The Archive houses authentic historical records by many of the major car manufacturers, including a range of original factory ledgers which record the details of individual vehicles as they came off the production line. For a small fee, owners may send in their Vehicle Identification Number (VIN - aka chassis number) and/or engine numbers, and they will research the original production records for that vehicle and send back whatever information on the vehicle is available. This is a 'Certified Copy of a Factory Record' or more commonly known as a Heritage Certificate. This can include such details as a list of the options the car was ordered with, the original paint colour and any identification numbers that may be missing. This can be useful when applying for tax exemption or to obtain an age-related Registration Mark.
References
External links
British Motor Museum
Classic Car Collection Gaydon Series of photos of the classic cars at the British Motor Museum
Transport museums in England
Museums in Warwickshire
Automobile museums in England | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British%20Motor%20Museum |
Herrgott is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Élizabeth Herrgott (1941–2021), French writer
François Joseph Herrgott (1814–1907), French surgeon and obstetrician
Marquard Herrgott (1694–1762), German Benedictine historian and diplomat
See also
Hergot | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herrgott |
The Douglas A-1 Skyraider, a single-seat attack bomber was operated by eight countries outside of the main user - the United States.
Operators
Cambodia
Khmer Royal Aviation (AVRK)
Central African Republic
Central African Republic Air Force
Chad
Chad Air Force
France
Armée de l'Air
Escadron 2/20 Ouarsenis
Escadron 1/20 Aures-Nementchas
Escadron 3/20 Oranie
Escadron d'Appui Aerien 1/21
Escadron de Marche 2/21
Escadrille Legere d'Appui Aerien 1/22 Ain
Gabon
Garde Présidentielle - Presidential Guard
South Vietnam
Republic of Vietnam Air Force
514th Fighter Squadron (formerly 1st Fighter Squadron)
516th Fighter Squadron (formerly 2nd Fighter Squadron)
518th Fighter Squadron
520th Fighter Squadron
522nd Fighter Squadron
524th Fighter Squadron
530th Fighter Squadron
Sweden
Svensk Flygtjänst AB operated 14 ex-Royal Navy Fleet Air Arm Skyraiders, modified for use as target tugs for the Swedish Air Force.
United Kingdom
The Royal Navy received 50 AD-4Ws which were given the designation Skyraider AEW.1 These were used from 1951 until 1962.
Fleet Air Arm
849 Naval Air Squadron
778 Naval Air Squadron (RNAS Culdrose, aircrew training 1951-1952)
United States
United States Air Force
1st Air Commando Squadron, Composite (later 1st Air Commando, Fighter; and 1st Special Operations Squadron) "Hobo"
6th Special Operations Squadron "Spad"
22d Special Operations Squadron "Zorro"
602d Air Commando Squadron (later 602d Fighter Squadron (Commando); and 602d Special Operations Squadron) "Firefly"
4407th Combat Crew Training Squadron
United States Navy
VA-1L
VFAW-4
VAW-11
VAW-12
VAW-13
VA-3: VA-3B/VA-44 (AD-1)
VA-4: VA-4B/VA-45 (AD-1)
VA-15
VA-16
VA-19A: VA-19A (AD-1)
VA-24
VA-25 (A-1H)
VAQ-33 (EA-1F)
VA-34
VA-35
VA-42
VA-45
VA-52 (A-1H)
VA-54
VA-55 (AD-4)
VA-64
VA-65
VA-74
VA-75
VA-85
VA-95
VA-104
VA-105
VA-114
VA-115
VA-122
VA-125
VA-126
VA-135
VA-145 (A-1H)
VA-152
VA-154
VA-155
VA-165
VA-174
VA-175
VA-176 (A-1H)
VA-195
VA-196
VA-215
United States Marine Corps
Note - only VMA-121, VMA-251 and VMC-1 flew the AD-1 during combat missions in the Korean War.
VMC-1
VMC-2
VMC-3
VMAT-10
VMAT-20
VMA-121 (AD-3)
VMA-211
VMA-212
VMA-225
VMA-251
VMA-324
VMA-331
VMA-332
Vietnam
Vietnam operated some captured South Vietnamese aircraft.
Vietnam People's Air Force (also known as the North Vietnam Air Force)
References
Abledogs: List of Navy and Air Force Squadrons
Notes
Bibliography
Lists of military units and formations by aircraft
A-1 Skyraider | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Douglas%20A-1%20Skyraider%20operators |
Hilliard Gates (December 14, 1915 – November 21, 1996) was an American sportscaster who was widely regarded as the founding father of Indiana sports broadcasting and the leading sportscaster in Indiana for decades.
Early days
Born Hilliard Gates Gudelsky, Hilliard used his middle name, Gates, as he entered broadcasting at a station in Muskegon, Michigan. Gates moved his career to WOWO radio, at that time a 10,000-watt clear channel radio station in Fort Wayne, Indiana in 1940. During World War II he entered the Army Air Corps and was stationed at nearby Baer Field, which allowed him to continue his career at WOWO part-time. After the war he supervised the construction of WKJG radio which went on the air in November 1947 with Gates as General Manager and part owner. The station was largely owned by the Fort Wayne Journal-Gazette, which in turn was owned by William Kunkel. An initialism of this combination provided the station call letters. He put WKJG-FM on the air in June 1948 and in November 1953, was the first person to appear live on Fort Wayne television when he signed WKJG-TV onto the air. His segment Gatesway to Sports was very popular with Fort Wayne viewers.
Sports announcing
Gates was highly respected as a sports announcer well outside northern Indiana. When tiny Milan High School won the state basketball championship at Butler University's Hinkle Fieldhouse in 1954, Hilliard Gates was at the microphone - and his delivery was so powerful and distinctive that he was also used as the announcer in the 1986 movie Hoosiers, a fictionalized story based on the Milan team's accomplishment.
Hilliard was the announcer who first introduced many sports to Fort Wayne television. He appeared on more network broadcasts than any other announcer in Indiana history, and in 1967 and 1968, he broadcast the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California for NBC radio. Hilliard was named Indiana Sportscaster of the Year seven times and was nominated for the honor 20 consecutive years. He was the first broadcaster to be inducted into the Indiana Basketball Hall of Fame (1969). In 1977, the Indiana Basketball Coaches Association cited him for his long contribution to Indiana basketball.
Station management
During his tenure as vice-president and general manager of WKJG-TV, the station was proud of having hired many talented beginners who eventually moved on to larger markets and bigger paychecks. However, this was probably a consequence of their low budgets. For years, WKJG's news broadcasts were assured good ratings simply on the basis of their sports coverage. In the 1980s, competitors fought aggressively for the news viewer with upgraded sets, larger staffs, personable newscasters, and enhanced production graphics, with WPTA, youngest of the three major network affiliates, highest in the ratings.
Retirement
Gates retired as vice president and general manager of WKJG-TV in 1990 and served as a consultant to the station until May 1993 before his death 1996. After Gates' death, WKJG-TV fared even more poorly. New station management attempted a facelift, even changing the call letters to WISE-TV, but without much success.
Community leadership and honors
Gates held office in many community and state organizations. He was on the original Jaycees committee that got the Allen County War Memorial Coliseum built in 1951. He was twice elected president of the Fort Wayne Press Club.
Indiana Governor Roger D. Branigin named Gates a Sagamore of the Wabash.
Fort Wayne Sports Corporation annually awards the Hilliard Gates Achievement Award for contributions to athletics in Fort Wayne.
Indiana University – Purdue University Fort Wayne (IPFW) named its on-campus sports arena the Hilliard Gates Sports Center in his honor. When IPFW was dissolved in July 2018 and replaced by Indiana University Fort Wayne and Purdue University Fort Wayne (PFW), the IPFW athletic program passed entirely to PFW. The arena remains in use by the PFW athletic program.
References
External links
Hoops Hall of Fame Bio
1915 births
1996 deaths
American radio sports announcers
High school basketball announcers in the United States
People from Fort Wayne, Indiana | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilliard%20Gates |
Scooby-Doo Meets the Boo Brothers is a 1987 animated comedy horror made-for-television film produced by Hanna-Barbera as part of the Hanna-Barbera Superstars 10 series. The two-hour film aired in syndication.
In the film, Shaggy Rogers inherits a country estate and a Southern plantation from a recently deceased uncle. While trying to claim his inheritance, Shaggy is harassed by the estate's ghosts (including a Headless Horseman). Scrappy-Doo has the idea to hire a ghost hunting team to deal with the problem. The ghost hunters are themselves a trio of inept ghosts, loosely based on the screen persona of the comedy team The Three Stooges. Meanwhile, Shaggy also has to deal with a trigger-happy enemy of his uncle, who wants to shoot him to settle the feud between their families. A subplot involves treasure hunting, in search of the estate's missing collection of family jewels.
Plot
Shaggy discovers that his late uncle Colonel Beauregard has died and left him his country estate, which is on a Southern plantation. After being chased away by a ghost witch, Shaggy, Scooby and Scrappy head for the estate in order to claim Shaggy's inheritance. Before they can get there, they meet Sheriff Rufus Buzby, who warns them about the whole estate being haunted and that they should leave. Before he can fully convince them, he receives a call from dispatch, notifying him that a circus train has derailed and a circus ape has escaped. Leaving Shaggy, Scooby and Scrappy, they continue driving, but upon their arrival they are pursued by a Headless Horseman, a ghost wolf, and by the alleged ghost of the Colonel who taunts them, telling them to leave or else they will face the consequences.
They also meet the creepy manservant Farquard who tells them that a vast fortune in jewels is hidden somewhere on the estate, which he believes is rightfully his and that Shaggy has no business there. Initially, Shaggy wants to leave, but before they can do that, his truck sinks into quicksand, forcing him, Scooby and Scrappy to spend the night there. With ghosts haunting the place, Scrappy has the idea to call a group of ghost exterminators called The Boo Brothers. Surprisingly, the exterminators—Meako, Freako, and Shreako—are themselves ghosts styled after The Three Stooges, who proceed to hunt down the ghosts that are haunting the estate, with little success. On top of all, Shaggy meets Sadie Mae Scroggins and her shotgun totting older brother Billy Bob Scroggins whose family has an old feud with the colonel. After learning that Shaggy is related to the colonel, Sadie falls in love with him and Billy Bob wants to shoot him.
After things calm down a little, Shaggy, Scooby and Scrappy decide to go to the kitchen to eat something, only to find proof that the famous fortune in jewels is real, when they find a diamond with a clue to a treasure hunt. Intrigued by that very first clue, the gang decides to hunt down the rest of the jewels much to Farquard's chagrin and Sheriff Buzby, who is on the trail of an escaped circus Gorilla, and is skeptical about the jewels' existence.
They follow the trail through a number of clues that the Colonel has hidden for them, which takes them to several different points in the mansion and also in the rest of the plantation. As they progress in their treasure hunt, things become harder, with numerous ghosts appearing, including the Ghost of Colonel Beauregard, the Headless Horseman, and the Skull Ghost. To make matters worse, they also have to deal with Billy Bob Scroggins and his sister Sadie Mae, the escaped Ape, and a very angry bear, who keep showing up. On top of that, the Boo Brothers reveal themselves incapable of getting rid of any ghost, only causing more mayhem whenever they try to help.
After much treasure hunting, they finally find the last clue, revealing that the treasure is hidden in the mansion's fireplace, much to the happiness of the Skull Ghost, who holds the gang at gun point, and tries to claim it for himself. After catching him, they find out that the person behind the Skull Ghost is the Sheriff. As they unmask the ghost, the real Sheriff comes in, revealing that the Skull Ghost is actually his greedy twin brother, T.J. Buzby impersonating him, as well as the remaining ghosts that were haunting the place.
With the treasure found, Shaggy is taken by the Boo Brothers' story that they need a home to haunt, so he turns the mansion over to them and the treasure is put into the Beauregard Trust Fund for Orphans. Saying their goodbyes, Shaggy and the dogs drive back home. Along the way, they encounter once more the ghost of Colonel Beauregard. Shaggy thinks this is another prank by Scooby, until he realizes it's real. He subsequently speeds away, as fast as possible.
Cast
Don Messick as Scooby-Doo, Scrappy-Doo
Casey Kasem as Shaggy
Sorrell Booke as Sheriff Rufus Buzby, T.J. Buzby
William Callaway as Billy Bob Scroggins, Beauregard's Ghost, The Ape, The Ghost in Attic, and Headless Horseman
Victoria Carroll as Sadie Mae Scroggins
Jerry Houser as Meako
Arte Johnson as Farquard and The Skull Ghost
Rob Paulsen as Shreako and Dispatcher
Michael Rye as Mayor
Ronnie Schell as Freako and Demonstrator Ghost
Hamilton Camp as Ghostly Laugh (uncredited)
June Foray as Witch (uncredited)
Home media
The film was first released on VHS by Hanna-Barbera Home Video and Kids Klassics in the late 1980s and later on Warner Home Video in 2000.
Warner Home Video released Scooby-Doo Meets the Boo Brothers on DVD on May 6, 2003.
Follow-up film
A follow-up film, Scooby-Doo and the Ghoul School, was released on October 16, 1988.
See also
Hanna-Barbera Superstars 10
Scooby-Doo and the Ghoul School
Scooby-Doo! and the Reluctant Werewolf
References
External links
1987 television films
1987 animated films
1987 films
1980s American animated films
1980s children's animated films
1980s ghost films
1987 comedy horror films
1980s children's fantasy films
Hanna-Barbera animated films
Scooby-Doo animated films
Hanna–Barbera Superstars 10
Films based on television series
Animated films based on animated series
American children's animated fantasy films
Television films based on television series
American children's animated comedy films
American animated television films
American ghost films
Films directed by Ray Patterson (animator)
American comedy horror films
Films with screenplays by Jim Ryan (writer)
American comedy television films
1980s English-language films
Films about inheritances
Animated films set in country houses
Animated films set on farms
Animated films set in the Southern United States
American haunted house films
Cultural depictions of The Three Stooges
Headless Horseman
Films about feuds
Films about treasure hunting
Films about twin brothers
American mystery television films | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scooby-Doo%20Meets%20the%20Boo%20Brothers |
Preparing for Emergencies was a public information campaign produced by the Home Office, a department of the United Kingdom Government. It advised British citizens on what to do in the event of a natural disaster, accident or terrorism. The campaign began on 26 July 2004 in the wake of several major disasters, such as the 11 March 2004 Madrid train bombings, SARS, and the 2001 UK foot and mouth crisis. The campaign was in the form of a 22-page booklet which covered topics such as transport accidents, health, foot and mouth disease, terrorism, and fire safety.
The booklet was distributed to all UK households but received some criticism – comparing it to Protect and Survive, a 1980s series of public information films and a booklet that instructed people on how to remain safe from nuclear war. Some sections of the media also accused the government of "scaremongering".
Within a day of the website accompanying the booklet being launched, a parody website under the URL preparingforemergencies.co.uk was created by English web developer and influencer Tom Scott, who was a linguistics student at the University of York at the time. Said to be from "HM Department of Vague Paranoia", it parodied the seemingly obvious advice given by the booklets, and gave advice such as: "Alien Invasion: Negotiate using sign language, if possible. Failing that, and assuming they aren't armed with futuristic ray guns, run like hell". The Home Office initially objected to the website, stating that the URL was too similar to that of their own website, preparingforemergencies.gov.uk, and demanded the website be taken down. However, after a link to the official website was added, the Home Office conceded the issue, and allowed the site to remain online.
Following the original distribution, no more booklets have been produced, although the website was updated with advice on possible bird flu epidemics and the 7 July 2005 London bombings.
In 2011–2012 the website was permanently closed, and official emergency preparedness information for the UK was moved to the gov.uk website.
Logo
The components of the logo are used to indicate resources or actions to follow during an emergency. From left to right, they are:
"i" on blue background - Information
"999" on purple background - What to do in an emergency (Emergency Services)
Right arrow on green background - Go in
Lock on red background - Stay in
Dash on yellow background - Tune in (to local radio or television)
Cross on turquoise background - Administer first aid
The logo is still used by local government organizations giving information on civil defence. The development of the logo cost £17,000 in 2004.
See also
Protect and Survive, 1974 UK campaign
, a similar campaign in the United States.
References
External links
Current version of Preparing for Emergencies
Spoof version of Preparing for Emergencies created by Tom Scott
Preparing for Emergencies - archive of the website from The National Archives (United Kingdom) from September 2012, shortly before Directgov was replaced by gov.uk
The Preparing for Emergencies booklet - archive at The National Archives
Emergency management in the United Kingdom | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preparing%20for%20Emergencies |
The index of MS-DOS compatible video games is split into multiple pages because of its size.
To navigate by individual letter use the table of contents below.
This list contains games.
Notes
Indexes of video game topics
Lists of PC games | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index%20of%20DOS%20games |
The Tao of Muhammad Ali is a 1997 book by the American author Davis Miller, published in 1997. The autobiographical account is notable for its blending of fact with some elements of narrative fiction.
The story covered concerns Miller's adolescence, idolising of Muhammad Ali, and subsequent discovery of martial arts. During this period, Miller befriends Ali and observes him closely. The book follows a number of themes, such as reality vs. illusion, integrity vs. falseness and the nature of achievement.
The Tao of Muhammad Ali was developed by composer D. J. Sparr for the Washington National Opera's American Opera Initiative, along with Pulitzer Prize–winning librettist Mark Campbell, Davis Miller co-wrote the libretto. The opera, titled Approaching Ali, received its world premiere in June 2013.
References
1996 novels
Non-fiction novels
American autobiographical novels | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Tao%20of%20Muhammad%20Ali |
Conservative Friends of Gibraltar was a lobby group within the Conservative Party opposed to any joint sovereignty of Gibraltar with Spain.
Objectives
The central objective of C.F.G. was, as its Founding Declaration stated:
To promote and defend the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar within the Conservative Party, the United Kingdom, the Commonwealth, and beyond.
Related objectives of C.F.G. included:
For Gibraltar to remain British in its entirety and in perpetuity.
To oppose any negotiations or agreements about the future of Gibraltar that are contrary to the wishes of the Gibraltarian people.
To expose the illegitimacy of Spain's claim to Gibraltar.
To promote a settled constitutional status for Gibraltar.
CFG shall work to promote these objectives first and foremost within the Conservative Party, seeking through reasoned argument and debate to have them made official Party policy. CFG shall also, though, work to promote these objectives to a wider audience wherever possible.
Committee
Honorary officers
President - unknown
Deputy President - Sir Nicholas Winterton
Vice President - Tim Loughton M.P.
Vice President - Murdo Fraser M.S.P.
Elected officers
Chairman - Andrew Rosindell M.P.
Deputy Chairman - Jamie White
Deputy Chairman - Holly Farrow
Deputy Chairman and Treasurer - Alex Stafford
Executive Secretary - Stephen Coleman
Parliamentary Monitor - Sean O'Shea
External links
Conservative Friends of Gibraltar
Politics of Gibraltar
Organisations associated with the Conservative Party (UK) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservative%20Friends%20of%20Gibraltar |
is a Japanese animator. Known in Japan for his work on many early classic works by the Toei Animation studio, his best-known film in the West is Rainbow Brite and the Star Stealer from 1985, produced by the French-American company DiC with animation work done in Japan.
In 1969, he teamed up with a young Hayao Miyazaki in the production of an animated version of Puss in Boots. Yabuki was an employee of Toei Animation until going freelance in 1973, but did work on several Toei productions (including Dororon Enma-kun, Ikkyu-san, and The Kabocha Wine) afterward.
Filmography
Director
1963–1965: Ōkami Shōnen Ken (狼少年ケン, Wolf Boy Ken; TV series)
1968: Andersen Monogatari (アンデルセン物語)
1969: Puss 'n Boots (長靴をはいた猫, Nagagutsu o Haita Neko)
1973–1974: Dororon Enma-kun (ドロロンえん魔くん)
1975–1982: Ikkyū-san (一休さん)
1980: Twelve Months (世界名作童話 森は生きている, Sekai Meisaku Dōwa Mori wa Ikiteiru)
1981: Swan Lake
1982–1984: The Kabocha Wine (Ｔｈｅかぼちゃワイン)
1985: Rainbow Brite and the Star Stealer
1988: Space Family Carlvinson (宇宙家族カールビンソン, Uchū Kazoku Carlvinson)
Writer
1984: Twelve Months (film)
1989: The Jungle Book (TV series)
Assistant director
1963: The Little Prince and the Eight-Headed Dragon (わんぱく王子の大蛇退治, Wanpaku Ouji no Orochi Taiji)
References
External links
Japanese film directors
Japanese animated film directors
Japanese animators
Living people
1934 births | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimio%20Yabuki |
The New York Times Building is a 52-story skyscraper at 620 Eighth Avenue, between 40th and 41st Streets near Times Square, on the west side of Midtown Manhattan in New York City. Its chief tenant is the New York Times Company, publisher of The New York Times. The building is tall to its pinnacle, with a roof height of . Designed by Renzo Piano and Fox & Fowle, the building was developed by the New York Times Company, Forest City Ratner, and ING Real Estate. The interiors are divided into separate ownership units, with the Times Company operating the lower office floors and Brookfield Properties operating the upper floors. , the New York Times Building is tied with the Chrysler Building as the twelfth-tallest building in the city.
The building is cruciform in plan and has a steel-framed superstructure with a braced mechanical core. It consists of the office tower on the west side of the land lot as well as four-story podium on the east side. Its facade is largely composed of a glass curtain wall, in front of which are ceramic rods that deflect heat and glare. The steel framing and bracing is exposed at the four corner "notches" of the building. The New York Times Building is designed as a green building. The lower stories have a lobby, retail space, and the Times newsroom surrounding an enclosed garden. The other stories are used as office space.
During the 1980s and 1990s, the city and state governments of New York proposed a merchandise mart for the site as part of a wide-ranging redevelopment of Times Square. In 1999, the New York Times Company offered to develop its new headquarters on the mart's site. Piano and Fox & Fowle were selected following an architectural design competition, and the land was acquired in 2003 following disputes with existing landowners. The building was completed in 2007 for over $1 billion. The Times Company's space was operated by W. P. Carey from 2009 to 2019; meanwhile, Forest City bought out ING's interest and was then acquired by Brookfield Properties in 2018.
Site
The New York Times Building is at 620 Eighth Avenue, occupying the eastern side of the avenue between 40th Street and 41st Street, one block west of Times Square in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City. The land lot is rectangular and covers . It has a frontage of on Eighth Avenue to the west and on both 40th Street to the south and 41st Street to the north. The site takes up the western portion of its city block, which is bounded by Seventh Avenue to the east. The topography of the site generally slopes down from east to west.
The New York Times Building is near Eleven Times Square and the Empire Theatre to the north, the City University of New York's Craig Newmark Graduate School of Journalism to the east, and the Port Authority Bus Terminal to the west. The site is directly bounded on two sides by New York City Subway tunnels. An entrance to the New York City Subway's station, served by the , is next to the building's base.
Prior to the building's construction, the site was occupied by a mixture of buildings. The site had been proposed for redevelopment since 1981 as the southern half of an unbuilt merchandise mart (see ). At Eighth Avenue and 40th Street was a six-story building erected in 1963, which housed the Taylor Business Institute and the SAE Institute. The address 260 West 41st Street contained Sussex House, an eight-story, 140-room dormitory, as well as a mural advertising garment store Seely Shoulder Shapes. Behind it was a 16-story office building at 265 West 40th Street. Sex shops, prostitution, and loitering were prevalent on the 41st Street side of the site. Five sex shops had been relocated from the site before the building's development, out of 55 businesses total.
Architecture
The New York Times Building was designed by Renzo Piano and Fox & Fowle and was developed by the New York Times Company, Forest City Ratner, and ING Real Estate. It was Piano's first design in New York City. Gensler designed the interior under the supervision of Margo Grant Walsh. AMEC was the main contractor for the core and shell, while Turner Construction was the contractor for the Times space in the lower section of the building. Other companies involved with the project included structural engineer Thornton Tomasetti, wind consultant RWDI, sealant supplier Dow Corning Corporation, and steel supplier ArcelorMittal. The mechanical, electrical, and plumbing system was designed by Flack + Kurtz. Officially, the New York City Economic Development Corporation owns the site.
The Times Building is 52 stories tall with one basement, covering a gross floor area of . It has two major condominiums of office space: a lower section operated by the New York Times Company and an upper section operated by Brookfield Properties, which took over Forest City Ratner's stake in 2019. The Times space on the 2nd to 27th stories covers , about 58 percent of the office space, while the 29th to 52nd stories spans , covering the remaining 42 percent. The lobby and the mechanical spaces on the 28th and 51st stories are shared by the building's major operators. The top floor is high. The Times Building rises from the street to its roof, while the exterior curtain wall rises to and its mast rises to . , including its mast, the New York Times Building is the twelfth-tallest building in the city, tied with the Chrysler Building.
The Times Building was designed as a green building. During the building's construction, the architects created a mockup of a portion of the building to test out its environmental features. A yearlong study by the Lawrence Berkeley National Lab and Center for the Built Environment found the Times Building had significant reductions in annual electricity use, utilized less than half the heating energy, and decreased the peak electric demand compared to similarly sized office buildings. The developers did not wish to achieve Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification, since that would have required extra expenditures, such as keeping track of construction debris.
Form and facade
The Times Building consists of two sections: the 52-story tower on the western portion of the site and a four-story podium occupying the eastern portion. The tower section covers about , with dimensions of . The corners of the tower are notched, creating a cruciform layout. The outer columns on the west and east elevations are recessed several feet into the building. The center bays of the north and south elevations are cantilevered slightly past the outermost columns to the north and south. The podium measures . The building contains a single basement level underneath the entire site, extending below grade.
There are three office entrances, one each on Eighth Avenue, 40th Street, and 41st Street. The facade consists of a glass curtain wall, with ceramic rods mounted on aluminum frames in front of the curtain wall. The facade was made by Benson Global, while the rods were subcontracted to a German sewer-pipe manufacturer. In designing the building, Piano said he was influenced by the massing of the Seagram Building, also in Midtown.
Ceramic rods
There are about 186,000 ceramic rods in the building. The rods, measuring in diameter, are mounted about in front of the curtain wall and are carried on aluminum "combs". The rods are made of aluminum silicate, a ceramic chosen for its durability and cost-effectiveness. The rods are intended to deflect heat and glare even if the glass panes were not tinted, and they can change color with the sun and weather. The rod spacing increases from the base to the top, adding transparency for the top of the usable space. At each story, the rods contain a slight gap at eye level. The rods extend about above the primary roof. On the north and south elevations, the screens extend slightly past the notched corners. The ceramic rods also rise to , above the main roof.
On the Eighth Avenue elevation is a sign with the logo of The New York Times, designed by Michael Bierut of Pentagram. Measuring long, the logo consists of the Times name in the Fraktur font at a 10,116-point size. The logo itself is made of 959 custom aluminum sleeves measuring about in diameter; these are wrapped around the ceramic rods. Metal halide lamps are also mounted on the facade in front of the rods. They are painted yellow to resemble the taxis of New York City.
The ceramic rods have attracted climbers, in part because the rods were originally spaced closely together. Shortly after completion, in mid-2008, three men illegally and independently climbed the ceramic rods on the facade. On June 5, 2008, professional climber Alain Robert climbed the north elevation to protest global warming; a second climber (Rey Clarke) scaled the west elevation later that day. The third climber, a Connecticut man, scaled the building on July 9 to protest the terrorist group Al-Qaeda. As a result of these incidents, some of the ceramic rods were removed, particularly on the north and south elevations, and glass panels were installed to deter climbing. People still climbed the building in later years, including in 2012 and in 2020.
Glass wall
The glass curtain wall is composed of double-glazed low emissivity panels that extend from the floor to the ceiling of each story. The panels generally measure wide and tall. The use of floor-to-ceiling glass was meant to signify the transparency of the media. It also maximizes natural light and the physical transparency of the facade. The window panes are generally protected by the ceramic rods. Since the rods contain a small gap at each story, the glass panels contain a small ceramic frit near these gaps. At ground level, there are glass storefronts, which allows pedestrians outside to see into the lobby.
The notched corners contain exposed steel and lack screens, a design feature that represents the ideal of journalistic transparency. Instead, the corners contain one- and two-story-high rods, which serve as bracing and are designed in a pattern resembling the letter "X" (see ).
Structural features
Substructure
Underneath the site is durable Hartland bedrock. Before the tower was constructed, the contractors made three sets of borings to extract samples of the composition of the ground. Directly underneath the tower portion of the site, the samples generally contained poor-quality weathered and decomposed rock at a depth of up to . The borings on other parts of the site and underneath the surrounding sidewalk generally contained competent rock at a shallow depth, which increased in quality at greater depths. Furthermore, the northern lot line is adjacent to the IRT Flushing Line subway tunnel (used by the ) below 41st Street, as well as a pedestrian passageway at a shallower level. The western lot line is adjacent to the IND Eighth Avenue Line subway tunnel (used by the ) under Eighth Avenue.
The foundation had to be capable of supporting of pressure. Most of the foundation is on intermediate- or high-quality rock and uses spread footings capable of . Caissons with rock sockets are installed under the southeast corner of the tower section, where the weakest rock exists. There are forty-two caissons with a diameter of , which extend between deep. They are reinforced with steel bars and could hold of vertical pressure. They are filled with concrete with a compressive strength of .
Superstructure
The building contains a superstructure with of steel. More than 95 percent of the beams are made of recycled steel. Steel was chosen over concrete because it allows flexible office spaces. The superstructure contains box columns measuring in diameter. The flanges range from thick at the base to thick at the top stories, giving a lighter appearance. The beams are covered with intumescent coatings for fireproofing. The floor slabs are a composite consisting of of concrete on a metal deck. They are designed to carry live loads of , as well as partitions weighing up to . The Times stories contain a raised floor structural system, with the finished office floors being above the floor slabs. Conversely, on the upper stories, the finished office floors are the slabs themselves.
The superstructure of the tower is braced to the mechanical core, which measures . This allows the perimeter of the tower stories to be no more than from the core. The lower section of the tower, containing the Times offices, contains two sets of bracing frames that surround the core from north to south. The top 21 stories contain a single bracing line extends from north to south. There are outriggers at the mechanical floors on the 28th and 51st stories. "X"-shaped braces are used at the tower's corners because the elevator core limits the extent to which west-east bracing lines could be used. The "X"-braces were pre-tensioned during construction to compensate for the shortening of columns. The braces are built in pairs, rather than as single rods, which would have required larger diameters.
On the north and south elevations, the center bays are cantilevered about past the perimeter columns. The floor girders of the cantilevered sections are arranged into three framing lines: two at the outer ends of the cantilevers and one at the center. The central girder on each floor is supported by a Vierendeel truss. The outer girders are connected to the perimeter columns by diagonal beams and to each other by columns. Because the Times stories have raised floors, the girders on these stories protrude through the facade in an offset "dogleg".
The 51st-story mechanical space contains elevator rooms, air-conditioning, lighting, and telecommunications equipment, as well as a control area for the building's mechanical services. The main roof above the 52nd story consists of an asphalt covering, above which are concrete pavers on stone ballast. The steel mast atop the building is about tall and is made of carbon fiber, allowing it to bend during heavy winds without snapping. It extends from a circular baseplate on the 51st story, where it measures wide, and tapers to a width of at its pinnacle. The mast is also supported from the roof of the 52nd story. To support the mast, trusses were designed within the floor slabs on the 51st and 52nd stories, and vertical trusses were used to shift the weight of the mast to the columns below.
Mechanical features
The New York Times Building has a cogeneration plant, which can provide 40 percent of the building's energy requirements. It is variously cited as being capable of or . The plant is in a mechanical room on the top floor of the podium, at the far eastern end. The cogeneration plant is powered by two natural gas-fired engines. The New York Times Building is also connected to the main New York City power grid, which serves as a backup power source. Because of a disagreement with Consolidated Edison (Con Ed), the cogeneration plant is not connected to the grid. The plant runs at 85 or 89 percent efficiency.
Heat is generated as a byproduct of the cogeneration plant's operation and is used to provide hot water. The recovered hot water is used in the building's perimeter heating system during the winter, while it is fed into the building's chillers during the summer. The New York Times Building contains a single-stage absorption chiller that is capable of . The building also has five electric centrifugal chillers of each, which serve the building's central chilled-water plant. The air from the chillers is delivered from chillers at . It travels to an underfloor air distribution system under each of the Times stories and to the ceilings of the top 21 stories. The steam for heating the building itself is purchased from Con Ed rather than being generated on-site, since the architects determined on-site heat generation to be more expensive. The cellar and the podium's roof contain air handling units with steam coils that take low-pressure steam.
There are over 18,000 lighting fixtures in the offices, all of which can be dimmed. The electrical ballast in each fixture contains a computer chip, which adjusts the lighting based on natural light levels and on whether the office is occupied. There are also automatic shades, which change automatically based on the sun's position, sunlight glare, and interior heat gain. The shades can also be manually overridden. The movable shades reduce energy consumption by about 13 percent and reduce solar heat gain by 30 percent in the Times portion of the building. The upper stories have two data closets and two electric closets each. In addition, the building has emergency generators throughout.
Interior
There are 32 elevators total: 24 for passengers and eight for freight. The elevators can run as quickly as . The building's mechanical core contains four banks of elevators with seven shafts each. The lower stories are served by three elevators from each bank, while the upper stories are served by four elevators from each bank. The elevators contain a destination dispatch system, wherein passengers request their desired floor before entering the cab. Stairways on the tower's western and eastern sides also connect each of the tower stories.
Base
When the New York Times Building was built, the ground floor was designed with a lobby, stores, auditorium, and central garden. Two restaurant spaces were also placed on Eighth Avenue. The retail space covers or of retail and was originally operated by Forest City Ratner. Under the building's lease agreement, space could not be leased to any fast-food or discount stores; educational centers; or any firm that could attract visitors "without appointment", including medical offices, employment agencies, welfare agencies, or court uses. Furthermore, the United Nations and most governmental agencies of any kind were banned if they could attract visitors "without appointment".
The ground-floor lobby includes an art installation called Moveable Type, created by artist Ben Rubin and statistics professor Mark Hansen. The work consists of 280 small electronic screens arranged on either of the lobby's two walls, or 560 total. The screens on each wall are arranged in a grid measuring , with forty columns and seven rows. They display fragments from both the Times archives and current news stories. The lobby is supported by exposed intumescent beams and contains oak floors and full-height glass windows. Also inside the podium is The Times Center, which includes a 378-seat auditorium for events. The Times Center also includes a meeting space.
The Times Center and lobby overlook a garden at the center of the podium, which is visible from the lobby but closed to the public. The garden is surrounded by a glass wall measuring high and 70 feet across on three sides. It contains seven paper birch trees measuring tall. The garden originally had a moss glen, but this was replaced in 2010 with ferns and grasses. The birch trees are placed on the northwestern side of the garden, while the mosses were placed on hills in the rest of the space. A walkway made of Ipe wood runs around the garden, and doors lead to the garden from the north and south sides. The walls of the atrium are transparent, resulting in numerous incidents where birds flew into the walls.
New York Times office unit
The Times owned the 2nd to 27th stories but leased out the top six stories of that space before the building's opening. Within the Times section of the building, the structural floor slabs are below the finished office floors. The girders at the building's core, as well as utilities and mechanical systems, are placed beneath the raised floors. Air is delivered from under the raised floors. Air enters most of the office spaces through diffusers near each workstation, and perforated floor tiles are used in the Times conference rooms. The Times offices can also use outdoor air for ventilation, and the air is generally ventilated through the ceiling. The perimeter of each Times story has a ceiling high, but most of the office space has a ceiling high. The ceiling is divided into a grid of tiles measuring , aligned with the vertical mullions of the facade.
The Times generally arranges its offices in an open plan. The 2nd through 4th stories contain the Times newsroom, which extends into the podium and overlooks the garden. The podium also accommodated the Times web-based staff. Stairs with red banisters connect the newsroom's stories, while a skylight illuminates the workspaces. Throughout the building, the Times offices mainly contain cherry wood furniture. The desks of the Times offices had gypsum-board accents, which themselves are colored in a scarlet red tone, nicknamed "Renzo Red". Copy writers' desks are smaller and have laminate desks without partitions. Two red staircases, one on each side of the building, connect the Times offices. There is also a double-height cafeteria in the Times section of the building. To encourage interactions between staffers, the offices were generally not assigned to specific workers, and various furniture was scattered throughout; even the staircases are designed as wide-open spaces.
The Times space is decorated with about 560 black-and-white prints from the paper's archive. The conference rooms are named after notable figures, supplement by images from the Times archive. There are about 750 distinct photographs, which illustrate not only the conference rooms but also spaces such as mechanical rooms, electrical closets, and restrooms. The elevator lobbies on each story have different pieces of contemporary furniture, as well as a set of ten video screens that display images from that day's newspaper. Lessees within the upper portion of the Times space, such as law firms Goodwin Procter and Seyfarth Shaw, decorated their offices with more ornate finishes to attract clients.
Brookfield office unit
The top 21 stories were designed to be leased to tenants. The rental office floors generally use chilled-water air handlers and receive both cooling and ventilation from the ceiling. On the 29th through 50th stories, the core girders are not depressed below the floor slab, but they can support a raised floor of up to . The minimum height of the office space is , though some parts of the ceiling can be up to high.
The upper floors were generally marketed to law firms. The spaces were, for the most part, also designed by Gensler. Since law firms generally did not require the open-plan layouts that the Times used, Gensler modified the upper stories' floor-plate dimensions to accommodate more attorneys in the same space. According to the firm's managing principal Robin Klehr Avia, this was done "so you don't have a lot of support areas without enough windows". Some tenants did not use the 5-foot-wide modules that the Times used. Gensler designed several tenants' offices with furniture and color schemes similar to those in the Times offices.
History
Context
Previous New York Times buildings
The New York Times, founded in 1851, was first housed in 113 Nassau Street in Lower Manhattan. It moved to 138 Nassau Street, the site of what is now the Potter Building, in 1854. The Times moved to a neighboring five-story edifice at 41 Park Row in 1858. Partially prompted by the development of the neighboring New York Tribune Building, the Times replaced its building in 1889 with a new 13-story building at the same site, one that remains in use by Pace University with some modifications.
In 1905, the paper moved to One Times Square at 42nd Street and Broadway. The area surrounding the new headquarters was renamed from Longacre Square to Times Square. The Times outgrew the slender Times Tower within a decade and, in 1913, moved into the Times Annex at 229 West 43rd Street. By 1999, the Times operated at six locations in Manhattan and had a printing plant in Queens.
Site redevelopment
The Urban Development Corporation (UDC), an agency of the New York state government, had proposed redeveloping the area around a portion of West 42nd Street in 1981. Among the UDC's plans was a garment merchandise mart on Eighth Avenue between 40th and 42nd Streets, opposite Port Authority Bus Terminal. The project was to be completed by the Times Square Redevelopment Corporation, comprising members of the New York state and city governments. David Morse and Richard Reinis were selected in April 1982 to develop the mart, but they were removed from the project that November due to funding issues. Subsequently, the state and city disputed over the replacement development team, leading the city to withdraw from the partnership in August 1983. The state and city reached a compromise on the development team that October, wherein the mart would be developed by Tishman Speyer, operated by Trammell Crow, and funded by Equitable Life Assurance.
Kohn Pedersen Fox designed a 20-story structure with for apparel and computer showrooms. The building would have a limestone and granite facade, a wide arch with a clock spanning 41st Street, arched entrances on Eighth Avenue, and a set of pavilions with ten pyramids on the roof. The proposal was complicated by the fact that developer Paul Milstein wanted to build a 36-story hotel and office building on the northern half of the site, north of what is now the Times building. Kennedy Enterprises was selected to operate a smaller mart in 1987. Chemical Bank had considered occupying office space at the mart before withdrawing in 1989. The mart plan was never completed because of a weakened market.
Development
By mid-1999, state and city officials were planning a request for proposals for the southern half of the merchandise mart site. The Times parent company, the New York Times Company, proposed a headquarters tower, citing its need to enlarge its operations. If this was not possible, the company would keep its headquarters at 43rd Street but move some jobs to New Jersey. In October 1999, the Times reported that its parent company was negotiating for the site. Though the site was highly visible due to the low stature of the Port Authority Bus Terminal to the west, it was also at the extreme corner of both the traditional Times Square area to the north and the Garment District to the south. Nevertheless, as architect Robert A. M. Stern wrote, the New York Times Company likely perceived the site's fringe location as a beneficial attribute. The new site was not commonly considered to be part of Times Square, leading Paul Goldberger of The New Yorker to say that the plan "has implications that go beyond the sentimental".
Selection of developer and architect
The Times selected Forest City Ratner Companies as the developer for its Eighth Avenue tower in February 2000. The following month, the Times began negotiating with the city and state. The Times wanted to pay $75 million and a two-thirds deduction in real estate taxes, but the state wanted $125 million for the site and the city wanted the Times to pay full taxes. Some commentators wrote about how the Times had opposed corporate tax relief despite seeking such relief for itself. The parties signed a nonbinding agreement in June 2000, wherein the Times agreed to pay $100 million. The Times was to occupy half of the planned tower, a single unit covering the second through 28th floors. The remainder of the space would be operated by Forest City and leased to office tenants. At the time, other media headquarters were being developed nearby, such as the Hearst Tower on 57th Street and the Condé Nast Building at 4 Times Square.
Robert A. M. Stern, his colleague Paul Whalen, and Naresh Kapadia of the 42nd Street Development Project created a set of design guidelines in advance of an architectural design competition for the building. They also created a model conforming to ideals set by the chairman of the New York City Planning Commission. The design guidelines were printed in a 48-page program with a statement by Times architecture critic Herbert Muschamp. Times Company vice chairman Michael Golden said of the design: "We need to contribute to the skyline of New York. We don't want to have people say, 'Gee, The New York Times built a four-story brick warehouse in Manhattan.'"
In September 2000, four architects submitted bids for the new tower's design: Renzo Piano, Norman Foster, César Pelli, and the partnership of Frank Gehry and David Childs. Piano called for a rectangular tower rising from a large podium; Foster proposed a right triangle tapering toward the top; Pelli outlined a glass tower with several chamfers; and the Gehry/Childs partnership planned a structure with billowing sheets of glass on the facade. The Gehry/Childs partnership was widely speculated in the media to be the front-runner, but Gehry was worried that the integrity of his design would be compromised in later revisions. As a result, he and Childs withdrew their plan from consideration. Ultimately, the Times selected Piano's proposal in October 2000, and it selected Gensler as the interior architect in February 2001. Piano's plan called for a structure with a ceramic screen rising to and a mast rising to . Fox & Fowle was selected as Piano's co-architect, focusing on smaller design details and costs.
Site acquisition
The Empire State Development Corporation (ESDC) had, since the late 1990s, tried to condemn ten lots on the site through eminent domain, but some existing landlords had sued to stop the condemnation. A state court rejected the landlords' claim and, in February 2001, the New York Court of Appeals denied an appeal. The Times and Forest City Ratner negotiated terms of the project, in which the Times would receive $26.1 million in tax breaks. The company would lease the site from the state for $85.6 million over 99 years, considerably below market value. Its payment in lieu of taxes was equivalent to the site's full property tax assessments.
In September 2001, the ESDC scheduled a public hearing for the project. Following the September 11 attacks, which occurred in the meantime, the Times reaffirmed its commitment to a new headquarters. At the hearing, many large landlords expressed their support for the new Times headquarters, citing the loss of office space that had been caused by the collapse of the World Trade Center during the attacks. The existing property owners opposed the condemnation, saying that the block was no longer legally a blighted area. That December, the ESDC was authorized to condemn the properties on the site. If the acquisition cost exceeded $85.6 million, the additional cost would be covered by taxpayer funds. By law, the ESDC first had to offer to buy the land from the owners, using the condemnation process only as a last resort.
The Times publicly announced plans for the building on December 13, 2001. Piano had originally intended to include an open piazza at the base, but the revised plans called for a tower rising directly from Eighth Avenue, with the Times newsroom surrounding a garden. The main roof would have its own garden and antenna mast. The tower retained its planned glass curtain wall, but the structural system was strengthened. Paul Goldberger wrote that the building, the largest New York City development proposed since the September 11 attacks, "would have drawn plenty of attention even if it had been just another corporate box".
Gary Barnett of Intell Development, one of the landowners on the site, filed a lawsuit that December, alleging that the Times had engaged in "fraud, bad faith, and collusion against the taxpayers of the city" by taking tax breaks. Barnett was joined by five other owners who wanted to build their own structure on the land. During the lawsuit, The Village Voice reported that taxpayer funds would need to cover an additional $79 million of the Times site's cost. A New York state judge ruled against Barnett and his co-plaintiffs in August 2002. Over the following year, the state evicted some 55 businesses on the site. The Times itself reported that the state had only provided modest compensation to displaced property owners. The Supreme Court of the United States declined to hear a challenge brought by the landowners in February 2003. That September, the state had assembled the site and the developers started razing existing buildings. Forest City and ING Real Estate held a 42 percent leasehold stake while the New York Times Company owned the remaining 58 percent.
Funding
In mid-2003, Forest City announced it would request $400 million in tax-free Liberty bonds, allocated for September 11 recovery efforts, to finance the building's construction. Forest City claimed it could not finance its portion of the tower. This request, along with a similar one for the Bank of America Tower three blocks northeast, received public criticism. By October 2003, the construction of the headquarters had been delayed by a year. Forest City had not been able to secure an anchor tenant for its portion of the building, and the Liberty-bond negotiations between Forest City and the state and city governments had stalled. By that time, Forest City had reduced its request to $150 million. ESDC head Charles A. Gargano reportedly held an unfavorable view of Forest City's application for bonds. If financing could not be obtained before construction started in 2004, the project would have to be canceled.
After failing to secure Liberty bonds, the developers applied to GMAC Commercial Mortgage Corporation for financing. GMAC provided $320 million in construction funding for the project in July 2004. Times officials predicted that work would start in the middle of that year. That November, the Times sold its old 229 West 43rd Street building to Tishman Speyer for $175 million, though the paper planned to remain at that building for the time being. This prompted criticism from some of the site's former landowners, and The Village Voice said the proceeds from the sale "wiped out the need for much, if not all, of the taxpayer money the Times asked for". According to the Voice, the Times had predicted that its 43rd Street building would have sold for $45 million in 1999.
Construction
Work began on the new Times building in late 2004, after financing had been secured. Civetta Cousins Joint Venture was hired as the foundation contractor, and work started in August or September 2004. Forest City's executive vice president MaryAnne Gilmartin said the development would conclude a revitalization of the western extremities of Midtown Manhattan. The first steel was erected starting in April 2005, and the foundation was finished that July. Work was slightly delayed during the middle of that year due to a labor strike among ironworkers. The steelwork had reached a height of 400 feet by October 2005. By then, ten of the eleven former landowners were requesting that the city and state governments give them additional compensation, as they alleged their land had been seized at well below market value. The eleventh landowner had been satisfied with a settlement.
A groundbreaking ceremony took place in late 2005. The building still had several hundred thousand square feet of vacant office space, in part due to the higher rent in Midtown compared to Lower Manhattan. Real-estate industry executives also expressed uncertainty that architectural renderings of the ceramic curtain wall, and the site's location near the Port Authority Bus Terminal, would be a drawback for tenants. To advertise the upper stories, Ratner hired photographer Annie Leibovitz to photograph the tower's construction. During construction, in March 2006, a rod fell from the tower and dented the roof of a passing car, slightly injuring its occupants. The steel superstructure was topped out during July 2006. The mast was installed later that year. By that October, the facade had been installed to the 42nd floor and interior finishes were being placed on lower stories.
Usage
Opening and late 2000s
The first office tenant at the New York Times Building was law firm Seyfarth Shaw, which leased the 31st to 33rd stories in May 2006. Law firm Covington & Burling then leased the 39th to 43rd stories, while law firm Osler, Hoskin & Harcourt signed for the 36th and 37th stories. Investment firm Legg Mason signed a lease in August 2006 for the 45th to 50th stories, committing to develop the roof garden and a conference center on the 52nd story. Simultaneously, Forest City also announced its intention to buy ING's stake in the ground-story retail and upper-story office space. By late 2006, there was strong demand for office space in the building, particularly among law firms, and the Times had hired CBRE Group to market the 23rd to 27th stories.
Goodwin Procter leased the 23rd through 27th, 29th, and 30th stories in March 2007. The 38th floor was taken that April by Korean architecture firm Samoo Architects & Engineers and developer JP Properties, while Judicial Arbitration and Mediation Services took the 34th floor. The first New York Times employees started moving into the building by May 2007. The following month, on June 11, the Times shifted its publishing operations from 43rd Street to its new Eighth Avenue headquarters. Times reporter David W. Dunlap wrote that Piano had described the new building as having "lightness, transparency and immateriality", which intentionally did not fit the traditional image of the "old-fashioned newspaper". The Eighth Avenue building officially opened on November 19, 2007. In total, the structure was projected to cost over $1 billion. In two separate incidents in December 2007 and January 2008, several window panes were cracked by wind gusts.
The Japanese company Muji opened a store at the base during May 2008. The four other retail spaces were leased by grocery store Dean & DeLuca, Japanese restaurant Inakaya, Italian restaurant Montenapo by Bice, and a roadside-themed cafe. Also in 2008, the 44th story was occupied by solar energy company First Solar and the Flemish Government. After the tower was scaled several times in mid-2008, workers removed some of the facade's ceramic rods and added glass panels to deter climbing. Piano supported the modifications, but he said that climbing was not even a consideration during the planning process, even though Times executives had focused extensively on reducing the tower's vulnerability to terrorism. By the end of that year, the New York Times Company was facing financial shortfalls and sought to mortgage its building to refinance debt. By January 2009, the Times was negotiating to sell the nineteen stories that it occupied, the 2nd through 21st stories, to W. P. Carey for $225 million. In exchange, the Times would lease back its floors for $24 million a year for 10 years. The leaseback was finalized in March 2009.
2010s to present
Part of the 44th story was sublet in 2010 to Kepos Capital, which occupied the space for eight years. By late 2013, the Times wished to lease out the 21st story, the only part of the building that it still owned. Technology company Bounce Exchange leased the 21st story in early 2015 from the Times, which had previously housed its sales and marketing department there.
In December 2016, the Times announced it was subletting at least eight floors, totaling , to save the costs of occupying that space. Gensler was hired to reorganize the space, including removing some corner offices that belonged to high-ranking executives such as the CEO and the publisher. Over half of the sublet space, covering , was sublet a little more than a year later to financial firm Liquidnet. During late 2018, British outsourcing firm Williams Lea Tag signed a 10-year lease for of space on the 10th story. Covington & Burling also expanded to the 44th story that year.
The Times announced in February 2018 that it would repurchase the building's leasehold from W. P. Carey. Brookfield Properties, which had acquired Forest City Ratner, refinanced the building's first floor and the 28th- through 50th-story condominiums in late 2018 for $635 million. The loan was provided by Deutsche Bank, Bank of America, Barclays Capital, and Citi; it consisted of a $515 million commercial mortgage-backed security and a $120 million junior note. Some $115 million in mezzanine debt was also provided. The Times subsequently exercised its option on the leasehold in late 2019 for $245 million,.
Critical reception
When Piano was selected for the Times Building, architectural critic Martin Filler called the selection "very disappointing", saying that "a lot of [Piano's] commercial work is really terrible". Herbert Muschamp, architecture critic for the Times, wrote that Piano was the "world's greatest living practitioner of what I call 'normative' architecture", though he criticized the base as having "too little contrast with the city outside". After the September 11 attacks, Muschamp wrote, "There may be no more constructive way to fill the architectural void [of the World Trade Center] than to revisit the history of progressive architecture in this town", including the planned Times Building and Hearst Tower. Times design writer Steven Heller lamented the move, saying: "The Piano building will be a showpiece, not a home."
Architecture magazine wrote in early 2002 that, with its paucity of bright signage that characterized other Times Square buildings, "The architect has chosen to speak to the Times, not to Times Square." Just before the start of construction, Justin Davidson of Newsday wrote that "lightness is both a metaphoric and an architectural goal" in the building's design.
In 2006, Paul Goldberger wrote for The New Yorker that the Times Building "comes off as dainty, even flimsy, as if inside this huge tower a little building were struggling to get out", in contrast with Piano's then-recent Morgan Library & Museum expansion. James Gardner of the New York Sun said that he did not believe the Times Building to be "a bad building" but that the ceramic bars "becomes the sort of pure ornamentalism that betrays so much contemporary architecture that overzealously aspires to appear purely functional". When the building was completed, Times architecture critic Nicolai Ouroussoff wrote: "Depending on your point of view, the Times Building can thus be read as a poignant expression of nostalgia or a reassertion of the paper's highest values as it faces an uncertain future. Or, more likely, a bit of both." Suzanne Stephens of Architectural Record wrote that the building "seems strangely bland in New York's architecturally variegated context". Despite the architectural criticism, the building received the American Institute of Architects' 2009 Honor Award.
See also
List of tallest buildings in New York City
List of tallest buildings in the United States
List of tallest freestanding structures in the world
List of tallest freestanding steel structures
References
Notes
Citations
Sources
External links
2007 establishments in New York City
Eighth Avenue (Manhattan)
Forest City Realty Trust
Midtown Manhattan
Modernist architecture in New York City
The New York Times
Newspaper buildings
Newspaper headquarters in the United States
Office buildings completed in 2007
Renzo Piano buildings
Skyscraper office buildings in Manhattan | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20New%20York%20Times%20Building |
The Staunton Braves are a collegiate summer baseball team in Staunton, Virginia. They play in the southern division of the Valley Baseball League. They have won the pennant in 1993–1995, 1997–2000, 2003, and 2015, ranking as high as the 7th best team in the country during the 2015 regular season. They were league champions in 1995, 1996, and 1999.
The Braves consistently rank towards the top of the league in attendance and play their home games at historic John Moxie Stadium in Gypsy Hill Park. In 2016, Moxie Stadium was listed as the fifth-best Collegiate Wood Bat Park in all of America, in an article on Scout.com.
The Staunton Braves have had over 40 players drafted in the MLB draft.
Notable players
Aubrey Huff
Chad Tracy
Chris Perez
Jason Michaels
Luke Scott
Shawn Camp
Jon Jay
Gaby Sánchez
Will Harris
Jason Michaels
Matt Fox
Tim Sexton
Mike Maroth
Joe Koshansky
Scott Copeland
Ben Verlander
Max Povse
Sam Howard
Tyler Zombro
References
External links
Staunton Braves
Valley Baseball League
Amateur baseball teams in Virginia
Valley Baseball League teams
Staunton, Virginia
Baseball teams established in 1915
1915 establishments in Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staunton%20Braves |
The Christian Brothers Grammar School, Omagh (known locally as CBS Omagh, Omagh CBS, or the Brothers) is a boys grammar school in Omagh, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is the largest grammar school in Omagh. It is under the trusteeship of the Edmund Rice Schools Trust (NI).
History
The school was founded on 14 January 1861, on Mount St. Columba. The building has since gone into other use as a retreat. A primary school, Holy Family Primary School - Junior Site (previously St Colmcille's Primary School), has been the school there since. Its original headmaster was Brother John Redmond. On its first day of activity one hundred and twenty boys, all aged between five and fifteen, showed up.
In 1902 an extension, a second floor to the school and a third to the brothers' house, was added. This came at the time a considerable cost of £1,200 partly financed by an £800 loan from past pupils. Operations of the school were moved to old Church, Brook Street while construction was under way. Once finished the renovations provided the school with three more rooms; one for Manual Instruction, a sixty student accommodating classroom and a room with all the necessities for Practical and Experimental Science.
The school moved to is present site on Kevlin Road in 1967. In 1993, after the resignation of Brother McCrohan, the school appointed its first non-clerical headmaster, Roddy Tierney, a former pupil of the school and a teacher in the school. The Principal is Foncy McConnell who was appointed in March 2016, having been acting Principal for the previous year, and previously Vice Principal, having taught in the school since 1987. Like Tierney he is a former pupil of Omagh CBS.
It is planned that by 2026, the school will relocate with five other schools to a shared campus. The other schools are Loreto Grammar School, Omagh, Omagh High School, Sacred Heart College, Omagh and Omagh Academy which will join Arvalee Special School. This Strule Shared Education Campus is the largest ever school-building project in Northern Ireland.
Academics
The school's focus is academic, offering compulsory subjects of English Literature, English Language, Science, and Mathematics until GCSE.
The School also focuses on the teachings of the Catholic faith, making Religious Studies compulsory at GCSE, and as a subsidiary weekly lesson during A Level years.
In 2018, 94.2% of its entrants achieved five or more GCSEs at grades A* to C, including the core subjects English and Maths.
In 2019 the school was ranked 18th out of 159 secondary schools in Northern Ireland with 86.7% of its A-level students who sat the exams in 2017/18 being awarded three A*-C grades.
Sports
In Gaelic football, the school has won the MacRory Cup (the highest level for Ulster schools) in 1974, 2001, 2005, 2007 and 2023 and the All Ireland Hogan Cup in 2007 and 2023. and many other under-age level competitions for example Omagh CBS won the Rannafast Cup in 2009 and 2012 and the McCormick cup in 2008, 2009 and 2011
Notable former pupils
Conor Bradley (born 2003)-Association footballer
Dermot Carlin (born 1984)-Gaelic footballer
Brian D'Arcy (born 1945)—priest, writer and broadcaster
Mickey Harte (born 1952)—Gaelic football manager
Barry McElduff (born 1962)—Sinn Féin politician
Joe McMahon (born 1983)—Gaelic footballer
Gerard McSorley (born 1950)—actor
Fabian Monds (born 1940), BBC governor
Stephen O'Neill (born 1980)—Gaelic footballer
Niall Sludden (born 1992)-Gaelic footballer and Teacher
Phil Taggart (born 1986)—DJ and radio presenter
See also
Christian Brothers of Ireland
Edmund Rice
References
External links
Congregation of Christian Brothers secondary schools in Northern Ireland
Grammar schools in County Tyrone
Omagh
Boys' schools in Northern Ireland
Educational institutions established in 1861
1861 establishments in Ireland
Catholic secondary schools in Northern Ireland
Secondary schools in County Tyrone | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian%20Brothers%20Grammar%20School%2C%20Omagh |
The Kamata Kingdom (pron: ˈkʌmətɑ) emerged in western Kamarupa probably when Sandhya, a ruler of Kamarupanagara, moved his capital west to Kamatapur sometime after 1257 CE. Since it originated in the old seat of the Kamarupa kingdom, and since it covered most of the western parts of it, the kingdom is also sometimes called as Kamarupa-Kamata.
It covered a region corresponding to present-day undivided districts of Kamrup, Goalpara, Jalpaiguri, and Cooch Behar district in India and Rangpur and northern parts of Mymensingh in Bangladesh. The rise of the Kamata kingdom marked the end of the ancient period in the history of Assam and the beginning of the medieval period. The last rulers were the Khens, who were later displaced in 1498 by Alauddin Hussain Shah, the ruler of the Bengal Sultanate. Though Hussain Shah developed extensive administrative structures, he lost political control to a confederation of Baro-Bhuyan within a few years.
Biswa Singha removed the Baro-Bhuyan confederacy and established the Koch dynasty soon, in 1515. The Koches were the last to call themselves Kamateshwars (the rulers of Kamata), but their influence and expansions were so extensive and far-reaching that their kingdom is sometimes called the Koch Kingdom. In the same century the kingdom split in two: Koch Bihar and Koch Hajo. The eastern kingdom, Koch Hajo, was soon absorbed into the Ahom kingdom in the 17th century. The western portion of the Kamata kingdom, Koch Bihar continued to be ruled by a branch of the Koch dynasty and later merged with the Indian territory after the independence of India from the British domain. The boundary between Koch Bihar and Koch Hajo is approximately the boundary between West Bengal and Assam today.
Rulers of Kamata kingdom
Early rulers
Sandhya, was a ruler of Kamarupanagara, the capital of the erstwhile Kamarupa. After withstanding an attack from Malik Ikhtiyaruddin Iuzbak, in which Iuzbak was killed (in 1257), Sandhya moved his capital to Kamatapur, near present-day Cooch Behar town. Sandhya styled himself Kamateswara and the kingdom came to be known as Kamata.
Sandhya (1228–1260)
Sindhu Rai (1260–1285)
Rup Narayan (1285–1300)
Singhadhwaj (1300–1305)
Middle rulers
Pratapdhvaj was a minister of Singhadhvaj when he usurped power. At his death, his cousin Dharmanarayan seized power. He was challenged by Pratapdhvaj's son Durlabhnarayan and they decided to settle. Durlabhnarayan assumed power Kamrup, Goalpara, Jalpaiguri, Koch Bihar, along with the capital Kamatapur, while Dharmanarayan retained Rangpur and Mymensingh. As part of the settlement in about 1330, Durlabhnarayan received from Dharmanarayan the custody of fourteen families of Brahmans and Kayasthas, one among whom was Candivara, the great-great-grandfather of Sankardev. The court poets of Durlabhnarayan (Hema Saraswati and Harivara Vipra) and Indranarayan produced literary works that are considered to be the first examples of Early Assamese.
Pratapdhvaj (1305–1325)
Dharma Narayan (1325–1330)
Durlabh Narayan (1330–1350)
Indra Narayan (1350–1365)
Baro-Bhuyan rule
The invasion of Assam by Sikandar Shah (1357–1390) weakened Indranarayan. Though Shah had to retreat from central Assam because of an attack on Bengal by Firuz Shah Tughlaq, Indranarayana was sufficiently damaged that a Bhuyan from Darrang, Arimatta, was able to usurp power.
Sasanka (Arimatta) (1365–1385)
Gajanka (1385–1400)
Sukranka (1400–1415)
Mriganka Jungal Balahu (1415–1440)
Khen dynasty
The Khen dynasty, of Kheng-Bhutanese affiliation, replaced the weak rulers of Kamata kingdom following Arimatta in the middle of the 15th century. Niladhvaj Khen, the first king, united several Baro-Bhuyan chieftains of the area and removed the last of Arimatta's successors—Mriganka. There were only three Khen rulers.
Niladhwaj (1440–1460)
Chakradhwaj (1460–1480)
Nilambar (1480–1498)
The last king, Nilambar expanded the kingdom to include the present Koch Bihar districts of West Bengal and the undivided Kamrup and Darrang districts of Assam and northern Mymensingh in Bangladesh as well as eastern parts of Dinajpur district, though he was removed by Alauddin Husain Shah in 1498.
Bengal Sultanate rule
Alauddin Hussain Shah, a Sultan of Bengal, removed the last Khen ruler in 1498. This followed a long siege that likely started in 1493 soon after Alauddin's ascension and ended in a treacherous win with 24,000 infantry, cavalry and a war flotilla. Alauddin destroyed the city and eventually annexed the region up to Hajo by 1502, removed the local chieftains, and established military control over the region. He established his son Shahzada Danyal as an administrator and issued coins in his own name as the "conqueror of Kamru and Kamata ...". This rule was short since the Baro-Bhuyans rose up in revolt soon after and exterminated Sultanate rule.
Shahzada Danyal (c1498-c1509)
Nevertheless, the Muslim rule had lasting effects. Hussein Shah's coins continued to be used till 1518, when the Koch dynasty began consolidating their rule. Ghiasuddin Aulia, a Muslim divine figure from Mecca, established a colony at Hajo. His tomb, which is said to contain a little soil from Mecca, now called "Poa Mecca" ("a quarter Mecca"), is frequented by Hindus and Muslims alike.
Baro-Bhuyan Interregnum
Alauddin Hussain Shah's representative in Kamata, his son Shahzada Danyal and his officers, was seized and killed by the Baro-Bhuyans of the region and the region lapsed into their confederated style of governance till the Koches took over. Though it is not known when the Baro-Bhuyan rule began, historians estimate that Biswa Singha's campaign against the Baro-Bhuyans began in about 1509.
Koch kingdom
Biswa Singha (1515–1540)
Nara Narayan (1540–1587)
The Kamata kingdom then passed into the hands of the Koch dynasty, with Biswa Singha consolidating his control over the Bara-Bhuyans one after another and establishing the Koch dynasty with its dominion from the Karatoya river in the west to the Barnadi river in the east. In the 1581 Raghudev, the son of Chilarai and the nephew of Nara Narayan, affected a split in the kingdom—Koch Hajo and Koch Bihar. Though Raghudev had accepted the suzerainty of his uncle, the two parts of the original Kamata kingdom split for good in 1587 when Naranarayan died, the boundary between them forming roughly the administrative boundary between the present-day Assam and West Bengal.
Koch Hajo, the eastern kingdom, soon came under attack from the Mughal, and the region went back and forth for between the Mughal and the Ahoms, finally settling with the Ahoms. Koch Bihar, the western kingdom, first befriended the Mughals and then the British, and the rulers maintained the princely state till the end of the British rule.
Administration system
Yuvaraj: Biswa Singha appointed his brother Sisu as the Yuvaraj. The descendant of Sisu became the Raikat kings of Jalpaiguri.
Karjis/Karzis: Biswa Singha appointed twelve minister from his tribesman to form a Karjee, this position was hereditary. Two important Karjee and Yuvaraj form a cabinet.
Senapati: Commander of a standing army.
Paik System
Paik: Individual male
Thakuria: in charge of over 20 paiks.
Saikia: in charge of over 100 paiks.
Hazari: in charge of over 1000 paiks.
Omra: in charge of over 3000 paiks.
Nawab: in charge of over 66,000 paiks.
See also
Koch–Ahom conflicts
Notes
References
Kingdoms of Assam
History of Cooch Behar | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamata%20Kingdom |
Bruna Erhardt Motta (born January 1, 1988) is a Brazilian model.
Career
She has appeared on the cover of the Brazilian Vogue. Fellow Brazilian models Caroline Trentini and Cintia Dicker are her good friends and roommates in New York City. Erhardt has signed with major agencies such as Marilyn São Paulo and New York City, Select Model Management London, Women Milan, and Colors Modeling Agency Barcelona.
Personal life
Bruna was born in Tubarão, Santa Catarina. She is of German descent.
References
External links
1988 births
Living people
People from Tubarão
Brazilian people of German descent
Brazilian female models | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruna%20Erhardt |
Moulin Rouge, the French term for "Red Mill", is a famous Paris cabaret.
Moulin Rouge may also refer to:
Art, entertainment and media
Films
Moulin Rouge (1928 film), a British silent film directed by Ewald André Dupont
Moulin Rouge (1934 film), an American film directed by Sidney Lanfield
Moulin Rouge (1941 film), a French film directed by André Hugon and Yves Mirande
Moulin Rouge (1952 film), a British film directed by John Huston
Moulin Rouge!, 2001 film directed by Baz Luhrmann
Theater
Moulin Rouge! (musical), 2018 musical
Literature
Moulin Rouge, a novel by Pierre La Mure and the basis for the 1952 film
Music
Moulin Rouge (band), a Slovenian popular music group
"It's April Again", also known as "The Song from Moulin Rouge" or "Moulin Rouge" or "Where Is Your Heart", from the 1952 film Moulin Rouge
Moulin Rouge! Music from Baz Luhrmann's Film, soundtrack to the 2001 film
Moulin Rouge! Music from Baz Luhrmann's Film, Vol. 2, volume two of the soundtrack of the 2001 film
Periodicals
Moulin rouge (magazine), a Russian magazine
Visual art
At the Moulin Rouge, a painting by Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
Enterprises
Moulin Rouge Hotel, a hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada
Moulin Rouge Cinema, a movie theater in Tehran
See also
Rouge (disambiguation)
Moulin (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulin%20Rouge%20%28disambiguation%29 |
Clarence Alfred Bottolfsen (October 10, 1890July 18, 1964) was an American publisher and politician from Idaho, a member of the Idaho Republican Party. He served as the state's 17th and 19th governor, from 1939 to 1941 and again from 1943 to 1945.
Early years
Born in Superior, Wisconsin, Bottolfsen moved with his family to Fessenden, North Dakota, in 1902 where he was educated in the public schools. While in high school, he worked as a printer's devil (an apprentice or errand boy) in a local printing shop. In 1910, the owner of the shop moved to Arco, Idaho, purchased the Arco Advertiser, and sent for Bottolfsen, then nineteen, to manage it. He purchased the paper and continued to be the publisher in Arco until 1949. He married Elizabeth Hanna on August 27, 1912.
Career
Bottolfsen entered the U.S. Army on June 27, 1918 and served until four months after the Armistice and was discharged in March 1919. After the War, he took a leading part in the organization of the American Legion and served as State Commander in 1934.
Bottolfsen served in the Idaho House of Representatives beginning in 1921; he was reelected in 1922, 1926, 1928, and 1930. From 1925 to 1927 he was the House's chief clerk, speaker in 1931, and start party chairman from 1936 to 1938. He was the first of two in Idaho history to serve non-consecutive terms as governor (Cecil Andrus).
Early in his first term in 1939, Bottolfsen signed the bill creating the Idaho State Police.
While governor in 1944, Bottolfsen was the Republican nominee for the United States Senate, but was defeated by Democrat Glen Taylor in the general election.
He ran for another term as governor in 1946, but lost to C. A. Robins in the June primary.
In his later years, Bottolfsen served as chief clerk of the Idaho House and on the staff of U.S. Senator Herman Welker. He was elected to the state senate in 1958 and 1960, but declined to seek reelection in 1962 due to poor health.
Death and legacy
Bottolfsen was an active Freemason within the Grand Lodge of Idaho, serving as master of Arco Lodge No. 48. He was also active with the El Korah Shrine in Boise, the Rotary Club, and the Arco Chamber of Commerce.
Bottolfsen died in Boise at age 72 from complications from emphysema, which he suffered from in his final years. Bottolfsen Park in Arco is named after him. His papers are contained within the University of Idaho Library in Moscow, and he and his wife are interred at Hillcrest Cemetery in Arco.
References
External links
Bottolfsen Park in Arco, Idaho
University of Idaho Library – Clarence A. Bottolfsen (1891-1964), papers, 1926-1964.
National Governors Association
Idaho Genealogy Trails
Idaho State Historical Society: Clarence A. Bottolfsen
1891 births
1964 deaths
American Freemasons
American Lutherans
Deaths from emphysema
Republican Party governors of Idaho
Republican Party members of the Idaho House of Representatives
Republican Party Idaho state senators
Politicians from Boise, Idaho
Politicians from Superior, Wisconsin
American people of Norwegian descent
Speakers of the Idaho House of Representatives
20th-century American newspaper publishers (people)
20th-century American politicians
People from Butte County, Idaho
20th-century Lutherans | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C.%20A.%20Bottolfsen |
Danangombe (formerly Dhlo-Dhlo or Ndlo Dlo, alternative spellings Danamombe per National Museums and Monuments of Zimbabwe, Dananombe and Danan'ombe) is a Zimbabwean archaeological site, about eighty kilometres from Gweru, in the direction of Bulawayo and about 35 kilometres south of the highway. It is not often visited due to the poor quality roads in the area. The remains on the site resemble those of Khami. Nearby are the smaller ruins at Naletale, that were occupied at the same time. The original name used by the Kalanga people is unknown as Dhlo-Dhlo (the name in Sindebele) was applied to the site later and it is unclear whether the name of Danangombe retains elements of the original name.
Danan(g)ombe (together with Khami and Naletale) was one of the centres of the Rozvi culture, which had succeeded the Torwa.
It is not to be confused with Danangombe Hill near Mutare.
Layout
The site consists of a ruined town dating from the 17th or 18th century AD, and therefore probably occupied just after the abandonment of the site at Khami. The town plan follows a similar layout to Khami but is on a smaller scale. It is therefore a deliberate attempt to sustain the society and culture that had been established at Khami. The most extensive foundations are on the highest ground and it appears that all the dwellings were constructed using walls of wood-reinforced mud, as all traces of these have been lost. The site was destroyed in the 1830s when the Matabele arrived in the area. See Mapungubwe, Great Zimbabwe, and Khami.
Sources and external links
Zimbabwe Khami Ruins from Bulawayo1872
Zimbabwe History from Africanet
Zimbabwe Information from Solomons Guide
K. Chikuse Effects of Ndebele raids on Shona power (proving the synonymity of Dhlodhlo and Danangombe)
References
Archaeological sites in Zimbabwe
Former populated places in Zimbabwe
Archaeological sites of Eastern Africa | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danangombe |
Annette von Aretin (23 May 1920 in Bamberg – 1 March 2006 in Munich) was christened Marie Adelheid Kunigunde Felicitas Elisabeth, Freiin von Aretin.
She was the first Bavarian television announcer. She gained popularity by appearing on the panel of Robert Lembke's quiz show Was bin ich? (What is my profession?), which was broadcast on German national television, for 34 years.
External links
1920 births
2006 deaths
People from Bamberg
German baronesses
German television personalities | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annette%20von%20Aretin |
Change of Heart is a 1978 album by Eric Carmen. It was his third solo LP, and reached No. 137 on the Billboard album chart.
The album yielded two charting singles, the title track which was a Top 20 hit in North America, as well as Carmen's remake of the Four Tops' 1964 song, "Baby I Need Your Loving".
Both songs were also hits on the American and Canadian adult contemporary charts, reaching the Top 10 in Canada.
The single release, "Change of Heart" is ranked as the 135th biggest Canadian hit of 1978, as well as the 160th biggest Canadian hit of 1979.
The LP also contained Carmen's rendition of "Hey Deanie," a Top 10 hit which he wrote for Shaun Cassidy, which was the flip side of the title track 45 RPM.
Samantha Sang, who provides backing vocals on the LP, covered "Change of Heart" that same year, and it was featured as the B side of her second hit single, "You Keep Me Dancing" (US No. 56, Canada AC No. 10).
"Someday," the flip side of Carmen's previous hit, "She Did It," was omitted from Boats Against the Current but was included on this album. "Someday" was also included as the B side of the European release of "Haven't We Come a Long Way," a third single from the LP released in UK and the Netherlands but which failed to chart. The North American release featured "End of the World" as the B side.
The title song also reached number seven in France. It was included on a 2005 album entitled, Nichehits, a compilation of songs by various artists. The album was issued by Victor Records.
In 2017, Change of Heart was released in Japan for the sixth time.
Track listing
All tracks composed by Eric Carmen; except where indicated.
"Desperate Fools Overture" - 2:05
"Haven't We Come a Long Way" - 3:17
"End of The World" - 3:29
"Heaven Can Wait" - 3:33
"Baby I Need Your Lovin'" (Holland–Dozier–Holland) - 3:17
"Change of Heart" - 3:30
"Hey Deanie" - 4:26
"Someday" - 2:52
"Desperate Fools" - 3:07
Chart singles
Personnel
Eric Carmen – lead vocals, acoustic piano (3, 5, 8, 9), backing vocals (3), percussion (4, 7, 8), tack piano (7, 8), acoustic guitar (7), drums (7), synthesizers (8)
Jai Winding – acoustic piano (2, 5, 6), electric harpsichord (2), electric piano (6)
Craig Doerge – acoustic piano (4)
David Paich – electric piano (5)
James Newton Howard – synthesizers (6)
Burton Cummings – acoustic piano (7)
Danny Kortchmar – electric guitar (2, 5), guitar solo (3), acoustic guitar (6)
Richie Zito – acoustic guitar (3), electric guitar (3, 5-7)
Fred Tackett – acoustic guitar (4)
Richard Reising – electric guitar (7, 8), backing vocals (7, 8)
Mike Porcaro – bass (2, 5)
Dave Wintour – bass (3, 6-8)
Leland Sklar – bass (4)
Jeff Porcaro – drums (2, 3, 5)
Russ Kunkel – drums (4)
Michael Botts – drums (6)
Nigel Olsson – drums (7, 8), backing vocals (7, 8)
Paulinho da Costa – percussion (2, 5)
Joe Porcaro – percussion (3, 6)
Tommy Morgan – harmonica (9)
David Campbell - string arrangements and conductor (1, 4, 9)
Gene Page – string arrangements and conductor (2, 3, 5)
Laura Allan – backing vocals (2)
Valerie Carter – backing vocals (3, 5, 6)
Donny Gerrard – backing vocals (3, 5, 6)
Brenda Russell – backing vocals (3, 5, 6)
Brian Russell – backing vocals (3, 5, 6)
Samantha Sang – backing vocals (5, 6)
Curt Boettcher – backing vocals (7, 8)
Joe Chemay – backing vocals (7, 8)
Bruce Johnston – backing vocals (7, 8)
Production
Eric Carmen – producer
Dennis Kirk – engineer
Greg Ladanyi – engineer
Bernie Grundman – mastering
Donn Davenport – art direction, design
Garry Gross – photography
Recorded at The Sound Factory (Hollywood, California).
Mastered at A&M Studios (Hollywood, California).
Releases
CD Change of Heart Phantom Import Distribution 2001
CD Change of Heart BMG 2007
References
Eric Carmen albums
1978 albums
Arista Records albums | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Change%20of%20Heart%20%28Eric%20Carmen%20album%29 |
Soran Emirate () was a medieval Kurdish emirate established before the conquest of Kurdistan by Ottoman Empire in 1514 and later revived by Emir Kor centered in Rawandiz from 1816 to 1836. Kor was ousted in an offensive by the Ottomans.
Early years
While no date has been established for the origin of the Soran Emirate, Kurdish historian Sharafkhan Bidlisi mentions the Emirate in Sharafnama in 1597 as established by a shepherd named Isa. Bitlisi claims that villagers quickly followed the popular Isa and attacked the Rewan Castle where they established themselves. They took the name Soran meaning from red after the red stones near the castle. Qadir Muhammad Muhammad writes that the emirate was likely established sometime between the 1330s and 1430s.
Years later, during the Battle of Chaldiran in 1514 between the Ottomans and the Safavids, the Emirate was able to conquer land between Erbil and Kirkuk. In 1534, Emir Ezaddin Sher was executed by Suleiman the Magnificent for his treatment of the Emperor's servants and the Emirate was given to Yazidis led by Hussein Beg who ruled as a brutal tyrant. He was soon toppled by the family of the previous Emir led by Emir Saifuddin who himself was executed by the Ottoman Emperor in Constantinople, pushing the Emirate into anarchy.
Under Emir Kor
The last prince of the emirate was Emir Muhammad Kor, who reigned from 1813 to 1836. His father, Mustafa Beg, peacefully handed the princedom to him. In the first few years of his rule, he consolidated his power and began launching attacks toward the neighboring principality of Baban. He occupied Harir in 1822, Koy Sanjaq, Altunkupri, Erbil in 1823, Akre , Ranya in 1824. This established the Zab river as the border between the two emirates.
As the region experienced a power vacuum due to the decline of Baban, the Russo-Turkish War from 1828 to 1829, and the Egyptian–Ottoman War from 1831 to 1833, he led a tribal force to Rawandiz and built a citadel in the town as they build up a military. Between 1831 and 1834 he was able to capture several towns and cities in other Kurdish emirates. 1831 he captured the Bahdinan emirate of Amedi. Kor further expanded his influence to Mardin, Cizre and Nusaybin, compelling the ruler of the Bohtan Mir Sevdin, to accept his authority, which caused serious concern in the Ottoman capital Constantinople. Kor then captured Akre and oppressed Yazidis in the newly-conquered areas.
Under Emir Kor, the Soran emirate developed a powerful army. It consisted of between 30 and 50,000 tribal musketeers who were given regular salaries, having the appearance of a national army. Kor himself ate each evening with 100-200 soldiers from different tribes. A multitude of different tribes joined his army such as the Baliki, Rewendek, Sidek, Shirwani, Rusuri, Malibas, Sheikhab, Nurik, Kheilani, Hnearai, Sheikh Mahmudi, Kassan, Derijiki, Bamami, Sekw, Shikuli, Mendik, Baimar, and Piraji.
Fearing a cooperation between the Soran Emirate and Muhammad Ali of Egypt, the Ottomans dispatched an army to Soran in 1834. Mire Kor was able to repeal the forces and push towards Iran. This led Kurdish notables from Bradost, Akre and Amedi to complain to Reşid Mehmed Pasha of the Ottoman government alleging they were oppressed by Mir Kor of Soran.
Kor tried to subdue the Assyrians of Tyari in 1834 but suffered a humiliating defeat near the village of Lezan in Lower Tyari. This defeat played a major role in the downfall of the emirate. A second Ottoman offensive was initiated in 1836 which forced Kor to retreat to Rawandiz, mainly due to the lack of support from his tribal allies.
After having pressured to surrender by the situation given, Emir Kor travelled to Istanbul for negotiations, where he was given authority over the area of the Emirate of Soran. But on his way home he disappeared in the Black Sea area and the Ottoman Empire supported his brother Rasul as the Emir of the Emirate. The Emirate would ultimately fall victim to the growing centralization of the Ottoman Empire.
Kurdish awareness
There were traits of Kurdish awareness by the Soran Emirate including the desire to unite all Kurdish areas under one rule and the use of Kurdish uniforms for his army. On this, Emir Kor's brother Rasul told British writer and traveller Frederick Milingen:
Moreover, researcher Ghalib writes:
See also
List of Kurdish dynasties and countries
Mir Xanzad
Notes
Bibliography
16th-century establishments in Asia
1816 establishments in Asia
1836 disestablishments in Asia
Former Kurdish states in Iraq
Kurdish dynasties
Former emirates
History of the Kurdish people
Yazidis in Iraq | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soran%20Emirate |
Durandus is the latinized form of the French name Durand. It may refer to:
Durandus of Liège (died 1024/5), bishop of Liège
Durandus of Troarn (c. 1012 – 1089), French Benedictine monk and writer
Durand of Huesca (c. 1160 – 1224), Spanish theologian also known as Durandus of Huesca
Guillaume Durand (c. 1230 – November 1, 1296), French liturgist, theologian and Bishop of Mende, also known as Durandus of Mende
Durandus of Saint-Pourçain (c. 1275 – 13 September 1332 / 10 September 1334), French Dominican theologian | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durandus |
Blackhill () is an area of north east Glasgow, Scotland. It is directly bordered by the M80 motorway to the west and the M8 motorway to the south. The neighbourhood falls within the North East ward under Glasgow City Council.
History
Blackhill was developed as a council housing estate in the 1930s. Most of the new development was designated Rehousing, the lowest grade of council housing intended for those cleared from Glasgow's 19th century slums, particularly those in the Garngad (now Royston) area. The new buildings were three-storey, slate-roofed tenements built of reconstituted stone. The eastern side of Blackhill, nearer to Provanmill and Riddrie, was designated Intermediate, a grade up from Rehousing, and housing was of the cottage flat-type with front and rear gardens and a measure of landscaping in the streets ("Rehousing" areas cost £250 per house to build, while "Intermediate" areas cost £1000).
The area has been historically been an area of deprivation and violence, and became notorious for ruthless crime gangs and drug dealing - however the local st.Paul’s church started a youth forum which aimed to combat these issues and create better lives and opportunities for the young people of Blackhill. Since starting up St.Paul’s has been responsible for a 96% decrease in violence within the area since 2006.
Blackhill was built on a country golf course (see Glasgow Golf Club), near the Monkland Canal with its Blackhill Locks. Many early residents report summers of country rambles, often along the Molendinar Burn – now the only place this historic burn is still visible on the surface – to the loch at Hogganfield. There was (and is) a strong sense of neighbourliness, partly encouraged by the enclosed nature of the site, due to industry, railways and main roads cutting it off from other districts. It was, however, built close to a gasworks (Provan Gas Works) and a distillery, which did not add to the health of the area and, perhaps for this reason, it gained a reputation for being "difficult to let". Nearby is a prison, HM Prison Barlinnie, which may also have encouraged negative evaluations of the area.
Much of the 1930s housing was demolished in the early 1990s due to the construction of the M80 motorway, with the rest of the area redeveloped in the early 21st century, with all of its remaining tenement stock demolished and replaced with modest semi-detached houses. A landscaped park was created around the Molendinar Burn. A 2007 community survey reported residents' concerns were similar to those in other urban areas: "In the last issue we reported the findings of a local survey that helped to pinpoint the top 10 priority issues for your neighbourhood – things like road safety, litter and vandalism, dog fouling, dumping and youth disorder all featured strongly."
Notable residents
Paul Ferris, writer and former gangster
Ian "Blink" MacDonald, former gangster
Arthur Thompson, Gangster
See also
Housing in Glasgow
References
Damer, Seán. Last exit to Blackhill : the stigmatization of a Glasgow housing scheme. University of Glasgow, Centre for Housing Research, 1992
Sparks, Ian. Working with a community : the Blackhill Project 1972-77 Barkingside/Dr Barnardo's, (1978)
Housing estates in Glasgow
Areas of Glasgow | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackhill%2C%20Glasgow |
Empty World is a 1977 apocalyptic fiction novel written by John Christopher aimed at an adolescent audience. It was Christopher's eleventh such novel. It's centered around Neil Miller and his struggle to come to terms with the loss of his parents in a car crash and the subsequent Calcutta Plague that decimates the adult population. The novel is set in England in the late 1970s.
Plot
15-year-old Neil Miller's world explodes when he and his family are involved in a car accident that kills his parents. Sent to live with his grandparents in a small village named Winchelsea, England, Neil suffers from post traumatic stress. Soon, a devastating illness, called the Calcutta Plague, makes headlines, killing thousands of people in India in a matter of months. The virus begins spreading across the world, making its way to the small village where Neil lives. It is a strange illness as it only affects the adults and none of the children, and once again Neil finds himself an orphan after his grandparents succumb to the disease.
Neil attempts to care for two younger children also orphaned by the plague, but they also contract the virus and die as he tries to care for them. During this time Neil notes that he has contracted the plague, but after a brief fever it leaves him unaffected. Now the sole survivor in Winchelsea and deciding that the village is becoming dangerous -- packs of feral dogs roaming everywhere -- he leaves for London, taking first a manual Mini which he has difficulty driving, followed by an automatic Jaguar.
Arriving in London he meets his first fellow survivor - the mentally unbalanced Clive, who although friendly towards Neil, during the night vandalizes his car to the point of destroying it, steals his mother's ring that Neil had kept, which was the only memory of his mother he had, and then abandons him in central London.
Soon after he finds two girls, Lucy and Billie, creating an unstable threesome. Attracted to Neil, Lucy begins pulling away from Billie, and in her fear of loneliness and out of desperation Billie attempts to kill Neil when they are on a foraging expedition. She stabs him in the back. Neil discovers she has emptied his gun but he manages to overpower Billie and escapes back to Lucy.
Billie arrives back at the house and pleads with both Lucy and Neil to let her back in, but they decide that they could never trust her again, and leave her outside. In the last paragraph of the book Neil abruptly changes his mind, feeling that he would never get over the guilt of leaving Billie to die, and with Lucy goes downstairs to open the door and let her back inside.
Background
John Christopher said the inspiration for Empty World came from "the recollection of a childish daydream". He suspected it was a fantasy shared by most children: a world without adults and the restrictions they place on children. He thought it would be fun if it was just him and a few friends left to do as they pleased, with everything at their disposal. He felt that it was a grim daydream and that Empty World was an exploration of that daydream. For him, personally, he was analyzing the "people-need-people cliche".
Reviews
Empty World over the years has been well received. The characters and the loneliness of the Neil's journey is well developed, and the English setting of the novel will not discourage American readers, especially children as it is "not too English". Well written, and more believable than one would think just by reading a summary, it is a page turner. John Christopher offers a chilly story, which offers more, and is by and large more convincing the trope, put in play by many television series of happy survivors seeking a place to establish a cleaner and more romantic version of the old world. Empty World gives the youthful reader far more to think about by exploring darker and more realistic themes of greed, mistrust, despair, and insanities. Empty World has been compared to novels like Secret City, U.S.A., by Felice Holman and When the City Stopped, by Joan Phipson.
TV Adaptations
The German station ZDF produced a TV adaptation of Empty World in 1987.
Movie Adaptations
A movie version of Empty World was said to be in production in 2011 but no further information is available .
See also
References
External links
1977 British novels
British post-apocalyptic novels
British science fiction novels
British young adult novels
Children's science fiction novels
Works published under a pseudonym
Novels by John Christopher
Hamish Hamilton books | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empty%20World |
Ernest Jones (1879–1958) was a Welsh neurologist, psychoanalyst, and Sigmund Freud's official biographer.
Ernest Jones may also refer to:
Sportspeople
American football
Ernest T. Jones (born 1970), head football coach at Alcorn State University
Ernest Jones (defensive lineman) (born 1971), American football player
Ernest Jones (linebacker) (born 1999), American football player
Other sportspeople
Ernest William Jones (1870–1941), Anglo-Welsh cricketer and trans-European shipping magnate
Ernest Jones (footballer) (1871–1959), Australian rules footballer
Ernest Jones (golfer) (1887–1965), English professional golfer
Ernest Jones (rugby league), rugby league footballer of the 1910s and 1920s for Great Britain, England, and Rochdale Hornets
Ernest Mint Jones (born 1910), American baseball player
Other people
Ernest Charles Jones (1819–1869), English poet, novelist, and Chartist
Ernest Lester Jones (1876–1929), hydrographic and geodetic engineer
Ernest LaRue Jones (1882–1955), aviation pioneer, see Early Birds of Aviation
Ernest Jones (trade unionist) (1895–1973), English coal miner
Ernest Jones (retailer), a national jewellery retailer in the United Kingdom, owned by Signet Group
Ernest W. Jones (1910–2005), Canadian politician
See also
Ernie Jones (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernest%20Jones%20%28disambiguation%29 |
The Daily Tar Heel (DTH) is the independent student newspaper of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. It was founded on February 23, 1893, and became a daily newspaper in 1929. The paper places a focus on university news and sports, but it also includes heavy coverage of Orange County and North Carolina. In 2016, the paper moved from five days a week in print to four, cutting the Tuesday edition. In 2017, the paper began to print on only Monday, Wednesday, and Friday. In 2021, the paper began to print only on Wednesdays. All editorial content is overseen by student editors and a volunteer student staff of about 230 people. It's located at 109 E. Franklin St. in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, and it is the largest news organization in Orange County.
History
The Daily Tar Heel circulates 10,000 free copies to more than 225 distribution locations throughout campus and in the surrounding community -- Chapel Hill, Carrboro, Chatham, and Durham. Dailytarheel.com draws an average of 11,400 unique visitors per school day. Revenues from advertising are self-generated through a student-run advertising staff.
The student journalists are solely responsible for all content under the direction of the student editor-in-chief. The 2022-2023 editor-in-chief was Guillermo Molero, and the 2023-2024 editor-in-chief will be Emmy Martin. A new editor is selected each spring and serves for one year. The editor is the public face of the paper and hires the rest of the editorial staff, which includes a managing editor and editors for each of the newsroom's sections desk.
The paper employs two full-time professionals, about 80 paid part-time students, and more than 150 student volunteer writers. The student editor has full control over the editorial content of the paper. Business matters are overseen by a full-time, professional general manager, Erica Perel; a board of directors serves as publisher and has final say over matters such as the newspaper's budget.
Early history
The newspaper was first published on February 23, 1893, as a four-page weekly tabloid called The Tar Heel. It aimed to promote "the thorough discussion of all points pertaining to the advancement and growth of the University." Funded by the campus athletic association, it placed much of its emphasis on campus sports and Greek life and boasted of 250 subscribers.
By 1920, the paper's size had increased to six pages, and under editor Thomas Wolfe the paper moved to a twice-a-week format in September 1920. In 1923, it came out from under the auspices of the athletic association and became governed by the Student Publications Union Board, which at the time was in charge of all campus publications. Students paid a fee of $5.50 to fund the publications. Publication increased to three days in 1925 and published the first summer edition in 1927. The student body voted in favor of increasing funding to the DTH in 1929 in a vote of 666 to 128. The vote enabled the paper, then led by editor Walter Spearman, to publish six times a week. The paper changed its name to The Daily Tar Heel.
In 1943, the paper scaled back publication to twice weekly. In 1946, The Daily Tar Heel returned to daily publication with the goal of becoming, in the words of student editors, "the greatest college newspaper in the world."
The famous broadcaster Charles Kuralt, who was DTH editor in 1954, wrote in his book A Life on the Road of being called "a pawn of the Communists" on the floor of the state legislature after the newspaper published a spoof edition critical of Sen. Joseph McCarthy. The student legislature formed a committee in 1955 to "investigate quality and circulation problems at the DTH."
Independence
In the 1970s and 1980s, student editors used the paper's front-page quote to agitate many on campus; selections included Nietzsche's "God is dead." The paper's use of student fees was called into question in July 1972, when four students filed suit against the paper. The students objected to the use of student fees used to publish articles they did not agree with. The DTH collected donations to pay for its legal defense, and ultimately won an assurance of at least 16 percent of all student fees in 1977. An independent publishing board was also established, though the paper's budget remained tied to the Student Congress for yearly approval.
In 1989, the DTH incorporated as a separate educational 501(c)(3) non-profit entity. The paper voluntarily stopped taking student fee money in 1993, making it completely financially independent from the university for the first time. That allowed the DTH to begin its current process of allowing an 11-member committee of staffers and community members to select the next editor. Previously, the position had been filled in campuswide elections. Peter Wallsten was the last DTH editor selected by campuswide elections.
Recent years
On November 19, 1994, the DTH became one of the first newspapers of any kind to publish an online edition.
After 1,500 copies of the Carolina Review were stolen in 1996, the DTH fought for access to the accused students' Honor Court hearings. The state Supreme Court's 1998 ruling established the Honor Court as a public body.
The paper published a column in 2005 by student Jillian Bandes that supported the racial profiling of Arabs at airports — a piece that began with the line, "I want all Arabs to be stripped naked and cavity-searched if they get within 100 yards of an airport.". The column made national headlines and ultimately led to the columnist's dismissal, but officially only for her quoting a source in a manner considered out-of-context. A few months later, in the midst of the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy, it published a cartoon depicting the Prophet appearing to decry both sides in the debate. Both pieces sparked loud debate on campus. The cartoon was a popular local-news item and prompted a few dozen protesters to stage sit-ins in the DTH newsroom.
During the summer of 2010, the newsroom moved out of the student union and into a office a block away from campus, at 151 E. Rosemary Street. The move doubled the amount of office space available to staff and placed the paper one-tenth of a mile away from its original 1893 office. Previously, the staff worked out of the Frank Porter Graham Student Union and paid rent to the university.
In October 2010, The Daily Tar Heel joined a coalition of eight media organizations in a lawsuit against UNC for public records. The lawsuit concerns records related to UNC's investigation into alleged improper relationships with athletic agents and academic misconduct surrounding the football team.
In September 2016, The Daily Tar Heel filed the lawsuit against UNC to obtain access to public records concerning the identification of students or employees who have committed rape or sexual assault. The lawsuit was on behalf of itself, the Capital Broadcasting Company, the Charlotte Observer Publishing Company and The Durham Herald Company. On May 3, 2017, Judge Allen Baddour, a Superior Court Judge in Wake and Orange County, ruled that UNC is not required to provide those public records. He stated that Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act and the State Human Resources Act protects students and employees, respectively.
The DTH has a long-standing bet with editors of The Chronicle, Duke University's student newspaper. When the two schools' men's basketball teams first play, the losing school's paper must run its masthead in the other school's color. The losing school's paper must also place the winning school's logo on their editorial page and declare the winning school is "still the best" on the front page.
In conjuncture with the Daily Tar Heel financial struggles, in February 2018 the newsroom was moved from the large Rosemary Street office to a smaller, more consolidated space at 210 E. Franklin Street in Suite 210. Though the move has strong ties to the fiscal state of The Daily Tar Heel, their newer office is closer to UNC's central campus, and is in the midst of action on Franklin Street.
Financial struggle
Since 2011, The Daily Tar Heel has been losing money. In recent years, the 124-year-old newspaper has had an annual deficit of about $200,000. Betsy Donovan, general manager of The Daily Tar Heel, cited changes in the industry, specifically the decline in print advertising, for the organization's financial situation. In a Medium essay in August 2016, she wrote that the Tar Heel has two years to "figure out its finances."
To create more revenue, Donovan launched The 1893 Brand Studio, an in-house agency for services and creative consulting, in 2017. The Tar Heel has also cut the number of days in print to three. In March 2017, Donovan said the University of North Carolina's 2017 men's basketball national championship reduced the Tar Heels deficit from about $100,000 to less than $50,000 for the fiscal year. The organization's annual revenue at the time was just under $900,000 per year.
2020s
The DTH's front page following a shooting on campus in August 2023 was widely praised.
Accolades and awards
The DTH has been recognized as one of the best college newspapers in the country. It was named the best college newspaper by The Princeton Review in 2007 and 2011 and appeared in the list's top 5 in 2010, 2012, and 2013. Additionally, The Daily Tar Heel has won many awards over the years at the national level. Listed below are some of the prominent honors the DTH has received. Years noted represent the previous school year, unless otherwise noted.
Associated Collegiate Press – National Pacemaker Awards
Newspaper Pacemaker
Winner: 1996, 1998, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2013, 2015, 2016, 2017
Finalist: 1994, 2000, 2004, 2006, 2010, 2011, 2012
Online Pacemaker
Winner: 2005, 2012, 2013, 2014
Finalist: 2006, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2016
Reporter of the Year
Winner: 2013
Honorable Mention: 2017
Story of the Year
Winner: 2013 (Sports), 2016 (Editorial/Opinion), 2017 (Feature and Sports)
Society of Professional Journalists – National Mark of Excellence Awards
Sports Writing
Finalist: 2002
Best all-around daily student newspaper
Finalist: 2009
The DTH staff also wins awards in competitions against professional newspapers in North Carolina. Since 2001, the newspaper has won more than a half-dozen awards from the North Carolina Press Association for its photography, news writing, and design. It has also won more than two dozen first-place advertising awards in its division, which comprises paid dailies with circulations between 15,000 and 34,999.
In February 2011, the paper was awarded the second place NCPA general excellence award for its division, becoming the first college paper in the state to earn a general excellence award. The paper also placed first in the state for its higher education coverage.
Notable alumni
Cole Campbell, former St. Louis Post-Dispatch editor
Howie Carr, talk radio host at WRKO in Boston and various affiliates; columnist with the Boston Herald
W. Horace Carter, Pulitzer Prize winner for his reporting on the Ku Klux Klan
Jonathan W. Daniels, author and White House Press Secretary for Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S. Truman
Peter Gammons, ESPN sportswriter and broadcaster
Gail Godwin, novelist and short story writer who wrote a column called "Carolina Carrousel" while a student at UNC
Louis Harris, journalist who established the Harris Poll
Mary Junck, president, CEO and chairman of Lee Enterprises, which publishes 54 daily newspapers
Wayne King, Pulitzer Prize winner, Detroit Free Press and former writer for The New York Times
Charles Kuralt, award-winning CBS journalist and author
Rob Nelson, co-anchor of ABC's World News Now and America This Morning
Robyn Tomlin, managing editor of the Dallas Morning News
William Woestendiek, Pulitzer Prize-winning editor and journalist
Thomas Wolfe, novelist and playwright
Jonathan Yardley, Washington Post book columnist
Edwin Yoder, syndicated columnist and Pulitzer Prize winner
References
External links
Daily Tar Heel website
Daily Tar Heel PDF issues from 2009-2017
Daily Tar Heel issues from 1893-2008
Daily Tar Heel headline archive
Newspapers established in 1893
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill media
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill student organizations
Daily newspapers published in North Carolina
Student newspapers published in North Carolina | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Daily%20Tar%20Heel |
Lee Soon-ok (born 1947 in Chongjin, North Korea) is a North Korean defector and the author of Eyes of the Tailless Animals: Prison Memoirs of a North Korean Woman, her account of being falsely accused, tortured, and imprisoned under poor conditions for crimes against the state and her subsequent release from prison and defection from the country. Since leaving North Korea, she has resided in South Korea.
Imprisonment
According to Lee, she was a manager in a North Korean government office that distributed goods and materials to the country's people when she was falsely accused of dishonesty in her job. She believes she was one of the victims of a power struggle between the Workers' Party and the public security bureau police.
She describes being severely tortured and threatened for months following her arrest while maintaining her innocence; however, a promise made by an interrogator to not take any punitive action against her husband and son if she confessed—a promise that she said she would find out to have been false—finally convinced her to plead guilty to the charges.
For six years, Lee was imprisoned in Kaechon concentration camp where she reports witnessing forced abortions, infanticide, instances of rape, public executions, testing of biological weapons on prisoners (see human experimentation in North Korea), extreme malnutrition, and other forms of inhumane conditions and depravity.
It is not clear why she was released, although Lee suspects that the officials responsible for jailing her were the subjects of investigations by higher-ranking members of North Korea's government.
Defection
Following her release, Lee wrote several letters of protest to North Korean leader Kim Jong-il about her cruel treatment in the camp but never received a response and was eventually threatened with unspecified consequences if she wrote any more letters. She managed to reunite with her son and escape from North Korea soon afterward, converting to Christianity along the way. Her husband disappeared during her imprisonment and she has not heard from him since.
Since escaping with her son via China to South Korea in 1995, Lee has written Eyes of the Tailless Animals: Prison Memoirs of a North Korean Woman, a memoir of her six-year imprisonment on false charges in Kaechon concentration camp and testified before the US Congress. She estimated that in her camp alone there were at least 6,000 political prisoners. Lee says she has been partially disabled due to the physical torture she was subjected to for well over a year, including but not limited to water torture.
Along with fellow North Korean prison camp internees Kang Chol-Hwan and An Hyuk (both were in Yodok concentration camp), she received the Democracy Award from the American non-profit organization National Endowment for Democracy in July 2003.
Reception
Lee's accusations of human experimentation in North Korea have been described as "very plausible" by a senior US official quoted anonymously by NBC News. The authenticity of some of Lee's accounts of North Korean prison camps have been questioned by some South Korean researchers and North Korean defectors.
See also
Shin Dong-hyuk
Yeonmi Park
Human rights in North Korea
Freedom of religion in North Korea
References
Further reading
United States Senate Hearings: Testimony of Ms. Soon Ok Lee – Lee Soon-oks testimony to the US Senate Judiciary Committee June 21, 2002
Lee, Soon Ok. Eyes of the Tailless Animals: Prison Memoirs of a North Korean Woman. Living Sacrifice Book Co, 1999. 꼬리 없는 짐승들의 눈빛
"Made in North Korea", Harper's Magazine Vol. 305 Issue 1830, November 2002, pp. 20–22.
External links
"A survivor: Soon Ok Lee", Crisis in the Koreas, MSNBC, 2003
"Soon Ok Lee", World Christian Ministries
"Interview: Soon Ok Lee", AsiaLink, 2003
Martin, Bradley K. "Under the loving care of the fatherly leader", 2004; p. 611
"The Hidden Gulag: Exposing North Korea’s Prison Camps", Committee for Human Rights in North Korea
"Praying for a Revolution in North Korea", Persecution.tv; pp. 6–7
Human rights abuses in North Korea
North Korean defectors
Living people
People from North Hamgyong Province
People from Chongjin
North Korean prisoners and detainees
Prisoners and detainees of North Korea
1947 births
North Korean Christians
North Korean women activists
20th-century North Korean women
21st-century North Korean women
Converts to Christianity from atheism or agnosticism
North Korean people with disabilities | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee%20Soon-ok |
Iziduko (pl.) in Xhosa are family names that are considered more important than surnames among Xhosa people. Many Xhosa persons can trace their family history back to a specific male ancestor or stock. Mentioning the clan name of someone is the highest form of respect, and it is considered polite to enquire after someone's clan name on meeting. The clan name is also sometimes used as an exclamation by members of that clan.
When a woman marries, she may take her husband's surname, but she always keeps her own clan name and adds the prefix "Ma-" to it. A man and a woman who have the same clan name may not marry, as they are considered to be related.
References
Sources
Mlungisi Ndima (1988). A History of the Qwathi People from the Earliest Times to 1910. MA Thesis. Rhodes University.
Kirsch et al. Clicking with Xhosa (2001). Cape Town: David Phillips Publishers. p. 22.
Makuliwe, Mpumelelo T.A. Iziduko zabantu abathetha IsiXhosa: isikhokelo kwintetho yesintu.
Clan names | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhosa%20clan%20names |
Davis Miller (born 1963) is an American author, notable for a series of works that combine reportage and autobiography. Miller's books include The Tao of Muhammad Ali and The Tao of Bruce Lee: a martial arts memoir, both of which have been number-one bestsellers in the United Kingdom and Japan, as well as The Zen of Muhammad Ali: and other obsessions, a collection of personal essays, memoir and short fiction that was published exclusively in the U.K., where it was a number-eight bestseller. His most recent book is Approaching Ali: A Reclamation in Three Acts, which was published on 1 March 2016 in the United States and the United Kingdom, and on 3 September 2016 as En Busca de Muhammad Ali in Spain. His story 'My Dinner with Ali' was judged one of the twenty best magazine stories of the 20th Century.
Works
"My Dinner with Ali"
The Sunday Magazine Editors Association judged Miller's first published story, "My Dinner with Ali," the best essay to have appeared in a newspaper magazine in the U.S. in 1989. A shorter version of "My Dinner with Ali" was nominated by Sport magazine for the 1990 National Magazine Award and was the inspiration for the creation of The Best American Sports Writing (Houghton Mifflin) yearly anthology. Houghton Mifflin published Miller's story, "The Zen of Muhammad Ali," in the 1994 edition of The Best American Sports Writing.
"My Dinner with Ali" was selected by David Halberstam as one of the best twenty pieces of sports writing of the 20th Century and has been anthologized in The Best American Sports Writing of the Century (Houghton Mifflin, 1999), in The Muhammad Ali Reader (Ecco Press, 1998), in The Zen of Muhammad Ali and Other Obsessions (Vintage UK, 2002), and in The Beholder's Eye: America's Finest Personal Journalism (Grove/Atlantic, 2005)."
Approaching Ali
"My Dinner with Ali" was developed into an opera for the Washington National Opera by composer D. J. Sparr. Along with Pulitzer Prize-winning librettist Mark Campbell, Davis Miller wrote the libretto for the opera, which received its world premiere in June 2013 at the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts. The title of the opera is Approaching Ali. Performances of the opera have also been produced by the North Carolina Opera. In January 2023, Opera Las Vegas premiered a production of Approaching Ali. In April 2023, Opera Louisiane premiered its production of the opera.
The Tao of Muhammad Ali
In July 1994, Miller won the first Creative Nonfiction Writers'Project Grant awarded by the North Carolina Arts Council. The judge for this grant, which Miller used to complete his first book, The Tao of Muhammad Ali, was novelist and National Public Radio book reviewer Alan Cheuse.
Miller's first book, The Tao of Muhammad Ali: a fathers and sons memoir, was published in hardcover in December 1996 by Warner Books. The Tao of Muhammad Ali was published in the United Kingdom in February 1997 by Vintage; it reached number one on several English bestseller lists, including those of the Independent (nine weeks) and of the Observer (seven weeks), as well as bestseller lists in both Ireland and Scotland.
Miller wrote a radio play of The Tao of Muhammad Ali, which was broadcast in six parts in January 1998 by BBC Radio 4. The Tao of Muhammad Ali was also a bestseller in Japan (Aoyama Publishing). It was judged the Best Nonfiction Book of 1997 by book reviewers at several of Japan's largest newspapers, including Yomiuri Shimbun and Asahi Shimbun, among others. In Italy, it won the thirty-sixth annual Premio Bancarella prize for best sports book published in 1999.
The Tao of Bruce Lee: a martial arts memoir
Miller's second literary memoir, The Tao of Bruce Lee: a martial arts memoir, about growing up in western North Carolina, about the author's martial arts experiences, and about the ways he has been influenced by Bruce Lee, was published in August 2000 in hardcover by Crown Publishing. Excerpts from The Tao of Bruce Lee were published in Men's Journal (8,000 words), Washington Post Magazine (3,000 words), Esquire (5,000 words),(London) Independent on Sunday Review (4,000-word cover story), Arena (5,000 words), Panorama magazine (Australia), M Quarterly (Japan), and Melbourne (Australia) Age, among others. The Tao of Bruce Lee was published by Vintage in the United Kingdom; it rose to number three on the Independents bestseller list (four weeks). The Tao of Bruce Lee was judged one of the best ten sports books of 2000 by the editors of Booklist magazine.
Short stories and other works
Miller's fiction and nonfiction short stories have been published in Esquire, Rolling Stone, GQ, Men's Journal, Sports Illustrated, and many other American magazines, as well as in Arena (England), United Kingdom editions of Esquire and GQ, in Der Spiegel (Germany), and as cover stories in magazines published by the Boston Globe, Chicago Tribune, Cleveland Plain Dealer, Dallas Morning News, Denver Post, Detroit Free Press, Independent on Sunday (London), Louisville Courier-Journal, Melbourne (Australia) Age, Melbourne (Australia) Herald Sun, Miami Herald, Perth (Australia) Sunday Times, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, Sydney (Australia) Telegraph, Washington Post, and Western Mail (Cardiff, Wales) among numerous others; and as cover pieces in many publications worldwide, including Features sections of the Chicago Sun-Times, Detroit News, Honolulu Advertiser, Houston Chronicle, Los Angeles Times, Louisville Courier-Journal, (New York) Newsday, (Oklahoma City) Oklahoman, Raleigh News and Observer, Richmond Times-Dispatch, Seattle Times, Sydney (Australia) Morning Herald, Tampa Tribune, Toledo Blade, Washington Post, and various others.
Miller's stories have been anthologized in The Beholder's Eye: America's Finest Personal Journalism (Grove/Atlantic, 2005), The Best American Sports Writing of the Century (Houghton Mifflin, 1999), The Muhammad Ali Reader (Ecco Books, 1998), and The Best American Sports Writing 1994 (Houghton Mifflin, 1993), among others.
Miller has also written two ninety-minute documentary films, Bruce Lee: Curse of the Dragon for Warner Brothers and for the A&E television network, and Death by Misadventure for an independent producer. In addition, in 2004 Miller was the writer and presenter of a series of thirty-minute documentaries for BBC Radio 4.
Personal life
Miller has four children, Johanna, Isaac, Sam, and Silas.
Bibliography
The following is a partial list of publications by Davis Miller:
Books
Approaching Ali: A Reclamation in Three Acts: W. W. Norton/Liveright, March 2016; Errata Naturae (Spain), September 2016.
The Zen of Muhammad Ali: and other obsessions: Vintage UK, January 2003.
The Tao of Bruce Lee: a martial arts memoir: Vintage UK, January 2000; Crown Publishing, August 2000.
The Tao of Muhammad Ali: a fathers and sons memoir: Warner Books, November 1996; Vintage, UK, February 1997; Aoyama Publishing (Japan), August 1998; Crown Publishing/Three Rivers Press, September 1999.
Anthologized Stories
My Dinner with Ali: The Muhammad Ali Reader (Ecco Press, 1998); The Best American Sports Writing of the Century (Houghton Mifflin, 1999), The Beholder's Eye: America's Finest Personal Journalism (Grove/Atlantic, 2005).
The Zen of Muhammad Ali: The Best American Sports Writing, 1994 (Houghton Mifflin, 1994); GOAT: The Greatest of All Time, A Tribute to Muhammad Ali (Taschen, 2004).
Literary Nonfiction for Magazines, Newspapers and Radio
Driving with Uncle Aaron (On My Relationship with Aaron Copland): Thank Goodness It’s Familiar, November 2008; Raleigh News and Observer, September 10, 2006, (Oklahoma City) Oklahoman, October 2, 2006.
Zen Cowboys: National Public Radio's All Things Considered, April 2007; Austin (Texas) American Statesman, October 8, 1999; Triad Style, October 5, 1999; Louisville Courier-Journal Saturday Magazine, October 2, 1999; Attache magazine, August 1998.
Dancing with Ali: Melbourne (Australia) Age, February 4, 2007; Los Angeles Times, Detroit News and National Public Radio's All Things Considered, January 17, 2007; Louisville Courier-Journal, (Oklahoma City) 'Oklahoman and Winston-Salem Journal, January 14, 2007.
The Best Father: Melbourne (Australia) Age, Raleigh News and Observer and (Oklahoma City) Oklahoman, June 17, 2007; San Antonio Express-News, June 18, 2006; Western Mail Saturday Magazine (Cardiff, Wales), June 17, 2006; Washington Post and Boston Globe Magazine, June 2003; Richmond Times-Dispatch and Winston-Salem Journal, June 2002; Candis magazine, May 1998.
My Dinner with Ali: The Beholder's Eye: America's Finest Personal Journalism (Grove/Atlantic, 2005); The Best American Sports Writing of the Century (Houghton Mifflin, 1999); The Muhammad Ali Reader (Ecco Press,1998); Winston-Salem Journal and Detroit Free Press Magazine, June 1990; Sport magazine, May 1989; Louisville Courier-Journal Sunday Magazine, January 8, 1989.
The Zen of Muhammad Ali: GOAT: The Greatest of All Time, A Tribute to Muhammad Ali (Taschen,2004); The Best American Sports Writing 1994 (Houghton Mifflin); Penthouse (South Africa), July 1994; Playboy (Japan and Germany), March 1994; cover story in 1994 and late 1993 for newspaper magazines published by the Miami Herald, Chicago Tribune, Louisville Courier-Journal, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, Cleveland Plain Dealer, Independent on Sunday, Melbourne (Australia) Age, Detroit Free Press, Dallas Morning News, Buffalo News, (New York) Newsday, and Denver Post; and as a cover piece for features sections of numerous newspapers, including the Washington Post, Houston Chronicle, Seattle Times, Winston-Salem Journal, Toledo Blade, South Ireland Independent, Sydney (Australia) Morning Herald, Grand Rapids Press, Indianapolis Star, and Folha de S.Paulo (Brazil); Esquire, September 1992.
Bruce Lee, American: Honolulu Advertiser, August 7, 2003; AMCTV.com, July 2002; Richmond Times Dispatch, June 30, 2002; Hotdog magazine, April 2001; (London) Independent on Sunday Review, December 5, 1999; Winston-Salem Journal, November 17, 1998; Arena, October 1998; M Quarterly (Japan), October 1997; Panorama (Australia), July 1997; Men's Journal, February 1997; Esquire, September 1993.
Wanting to Whup Sugar Ray: a notable sports story, The Best American Sports Writing, 1992 (Houghton Mifflin, 1992); Sport magazine, March 1991; Washington Post Magazine, February 3, 1991.
Rapture: Sport magazine, July 1989.
References
Living people
1963 births
20th-century American writers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Davis%20Miller |
Damian Dame was an American R&B group that was active in the early 1990s. It consisted of Bruce Edward "Damian" Broadus (September 13, 1966 – June 27, 1996) and Debra Jean "Deah Dame" Hurd (September 20, 1958 – June 27, 1994).
Career
In 1991, Damian Dame became the first act signed to LaFace Records, co-founded by Kenny "Babyface" Edmonds, for whom Hurd once sang backing vocals. The duo released their eponymous debut album on May 14, 1991, yielding the singles "Exclusivity" and "Right Down to It," which peaked at #1 and #2 respectively on the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart as well as #42 and #90 on the Billboard Hot 100 respectively, and "Gotta Learn My Rhythm."
Deaths
Hurd was killed in a car accident in Atlanta, Georgia, on June 27, 1994; she was 35 years old. Broadus died of colon cancer at the age of 29 on June 27, 1996, exactly two years after Hurd's death, and less than a week after his first solo album, 199Sex, was released.
References
American contemporary R&B musical groups
American soul musical groups
American musical duos
Contemporary R&B duos
Geffen Records artists
LaFace Records artists
20th-century American singers
Male–female musical duos | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damian%20Dame |
Heldon was a French electronic rock band originally active between 1974 and 1978, and led by guitarist Richard Pinhas. Other members included synthesizer player Patrick Gauthier and drummer François Auger. The name of the band was taken from the 1972 novel The Iron Dream by Norman Spinrad.
Influenced by the work of Robert Fripp (and sometimes evoking his work with Brian Eno), the music of Heldon blended electronic and rock forms. The first releases under the name Schizo, and later Heldon, were self-produced and self-distributed. Jim Dorsch from AllMusic would later describe Heldon's seven albums as "groundbreaking."
Pinhas had previously led the band Schizo and also released six albums under his own name. Pinhas has worked with numerous collaborators, including musicians of the band Magma, and music journalist and multi-instrumentalist Hervé Picart. He was also associated with philosophers such as Gilles Deleuze (of whom he was a student). and Jean-François Lyotard, as well as writers such as Norman Spinrad and the essayist and novelist Maurice Dantec. Pinhas completed his PhD in Philosophy from the Paris-Sorbonne University in 1974, teaching for one year and beginning Heldon.
The Pinhas/Heldon catalog was reissued on CD by the label Cuneiform, and later Bureau B.
Discography of Richard Pinhas and Heldon
Schizo : And The Little Girl/Paraphrénia Praecox (1972) (7")
Schizo : Le Voyageur/Torcol (1972) (7")
Heldon : Électronique Guerilla (1974)
Heldon : Allez Téia (1974)
Heldon : Third (It's Always Rock and Roll) (1975)
Heldon : Soutien à la RAF (7") (1975)
Heldon : Agneta Nilsson (1976)
Heldon : Perspective 1 bis complément/Perspective 4 bis (1976) (7")
Heldon : Un Rêve Sans Conséquence Spéciale (1976)
Richard Pinhas : Rhizosphère (1977)
T.H.X. : Telstar / Rhizosphère Suite (1978) (7")
Richard Dunn : Séquences/Modulations (1978) (7")
Richard Pinhas : Chronolyse (1978)
Ose : Adonia (1978)
Heldon : Interface (1977)
Heldon : Stand By (1979)
Richard Pinhas : Iceland (1980)
Richard Pinhas : East West (1980)
Richard Pinhas : L'Ethique (1982)
Richard Pinhas Heldon : Perspective (1983)
Richard Pinhas : DWW (1992)
Richard Pinhas & John Livengood : Cyborg Sally (1994)
Richard Pinhas & John Livengood : Single (1996)
Richard Pinhas : De l'Un et du Multiple (1997)
Schizotrope : Le Plan (1999)
Richard Pinhas & Peter Frohmader: Fossil Culture (1999)
Pascal Comelade & Richard Pinhas : Oblique Sessions II (1999)
Schizotrope : The Life And Death Of Marie Zorn - North American Tour 1999 (2000)
Schizotrope : III Le Pli (2001)
Heldon : Only Chaos is Real (2001)
Richard Pinhas : Event and Repetitions (2003)
Richard Pinhas : Tranzition (2004)
Richard Pinhas : Metatron (2006, 2CDs)
Richard Pinhas & Merzbow : Keio Line (2008, 2CDs)
Richard Pinhas : Metal/Crystal (2010, 2CDs) with Merzbow & Wolf Eyes
Råd Kjetil Senza Testa : Vinliden (2010, LP) with Richard Pinhas and RKST.
Richard Pinhas & Merzbow : Rhizome (2011)
Richard Pinhas & Merzbow : Paris 2008 (2011, LP)
Richard Pinhas : Desolation Row (2013)
The majority of recordings of Richard Pinhas and Heldon were pressed on CD by French label Spalax and American label Cuneiform Records, featuring numerous bonus tracks.
References
Further reading
Chronolyse review
Rhizosphère review
Iceland review
East West review
External links
Official Richard Pinhas website
Richard Pinhas/Heldon chez Cuneiform Records
French electronic music groups
French experimental music groups
French rock music groups
Musical groups from Paris | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heldon |
In computer processors, the overflow flag (sometimes called the V flag) is usually a single bit in a system status register used to indicate when an arithmetic overflow has occurred in an operation, indicating that the signed two's-complement result would not fit in the number of bits used for the result. Some architectures may be configured to automatically generate an exception on an operation resulting in overflow.
An example, suppose we add 127 and 127 using 8-bit registers. 127+127 is 254, but using 8-bit arithmetic the result would be 1111 1110 binary, which is the two's complement encoding of −2, a negative number. A negative sum of positive operands (or vice versa) is an overflow. The overflow flag would then be set so the program can be aware of the problem and mitigate this or signal an error. The overflow flag is thus set when the most significant bit (here considered the sign bit) is changed by adding two numbers with the same sign (or subtracting two numbers with opposite signs). Overflow cannot occur when the sign of two addition operands are different (or the sign of two subtraction operands are the same).
When binary values are interpreted as unsigned numbers, the overflow flag is meaningless and normally ignored. One of the advantages of two's complement arithmetic is that the addition and subtraction operations do not need to distinguish between signed and unsigned operands. For this reason, most computer instruction sets do not distinguish between signed and unsigned operands, generating both (signed) overflow and (unsigned) carry flags on every operation, and leaving it to following instructions to pay attention to whichever one is of interest.
Internally, the overflow flag is usually generated by an exclusive or of the internal carry into and out of the sign bit.
Bitwise operations (and, or, xor, not, rotate) do not have a notion of signed overflow, so the defined value varies on different processor architectures. Some processors clear the bit unconditionally (which is useful because bitwise operations set the sign flag, and the clear overflow flag then indicates that the sign flag is valid), others leave it unchanged, and some set it to an undefined value. Shifts and multiplies do permit a well-defined value, but it is not consistently implemented. For example, the x86 instruction set only defines the overflow flag for multiplies and 1-bit shifts; multi-bit shifts leave it undefined.
References
Computer arithmetic | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overflow%20flag |
Soran may refer to:
Places
Soran Emirate, a Kurdish principality
Soran District, a region within the Kurdish Autonomous Region in northern Iraq
Soran, Iraq, a seat of the district government
Sawran, Syria, a town in Syria near Aleppo
Fictional characters
Setsuna F Seiei (Soran Ibrahim), protagonist of the Japanese anime series Mobile Suit Gundam 00
Tolian Soran, character in the film Star Trek Generations
Other
Soran (band), a South Korean rock band
Sōran Bushi, a traditional song and dance in Japan
Soran clan, a Kurdish clan
Soran Ebrahim, Kurdish actor in the film Turtles Can Fly | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soran |
D. Pedro de Sousa Holstein, 1st Duke of Faial and Palmela (8 May 1781–12 October 1850) was one of the most important Portuguese diplomats and statesmen in the first half of the 19th century. He also served as the country's first modern Prime Minister (with the title of "President of the Council of Ministers").
Early life and career
He was born in Turin, a scion of the Portuguese de Sousa family, Lords of Calhariz.
The 'Holstein' element of his family name came from his paternal grandmother Princess Maria Anna Leopoldine of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck, daughter of Frederick William I, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck.
His uncle had been governor of Portuguese India.
He earned notoriety at an early age by telling Napoleon to his face at the conference in Bayonne in 1808 that the Portuguese would not ‘consent to become Spaniards’ as the French Emperor wanted.
He was Portuguese plenipotentiary to the Congress of Vienna in 1814, where he attempted to press Portugal's claims to Olivenza, and to the Congress of Paris in 1815.
After this he was briefly ambassador to London, but then was appointed secretary of state for foreign affairs in Brazil. After the Liberal Revolution of 1820 he was commissioned by the revolutionary junta to inform the king, João VI, of what had taken place and to request his return to Portugal from Brazil.
In 1823 he was made a Marquis and became foreign minister as well as head of the committee which D. João appointed to devise a new constitutional charter. The resulting document, to which the King was unable to agree, was so liberal that it drew down on Palmela the hatred of the reactionary forces in the country, especially the Queen and the Infant Dom Miguel, who in 1824 had him arrested.
After he obtained his liberty he was made a minister of state and returned to London as ambassador.
Liberal Wars
When Dom Miguel seized the throne of Portugal in 1828 Palmela sided with the opposition in Oporto and was forced with many others to flee to England. An attempt to return to Oporto in June 1828, called the Belfastada, failed. Greville noted in his diary for 16 August 1828:
”Esterhazy told me to-night that Palmella entertains from twenty to thirty of his countrymen at dinner every day, of whom there are several hundred in London, of the best families, totally destitute.”
Miguel condemned him to death in absentia and seized his estates, but Dom Pedro, Emperor of Brazil, appointed Palmela guardian to his daughter, the rightful Queen Maria II, and he acted as her ambassador at the British court.
In 1830 he set up the young queen’s regency on Terceira in the Azores; it was at this time that he became acquainted with Captain Charles Napier whom he considered the best person to command the Liberals' navy.
When Dom Pedro took charge of the regency in person in 1832 he named Palmela as his foreign minister, in which capacity he acted against Miguel from London.
In 1833 he sailed with Charles Napier bringing mercenary reinforcements to Oporto, where Pedro was being besieged, and took part in the subsequent expedition to the Algarve of Napier and the Duke of Terceira.
After Napier’s naval victory off Cape St Vincent enabled Pedro to occupy Lisbon, Palmela retired from his offices.
Constitutional Monarchy
He served as the first Prime Minister of the newly formed constitutional monarchy in Portugal from 24 September 1834 to 4 May 1835.
He served briefly Prime Minister again in February 1842 (for two days, in the so-called Shrovetide Cabinet), and from March to October 1846 (during the height of the Revolution of Maria da Fonte).
Dom Pedro was successively made Count of Palmela (by Queen Maria I, on 11 April 1812), Marquis of Palmela (by King John VI on 3 July 1823) and Duke of Faial (by Queen Maria II on 4 April 1836).
Finally, on 18 October 1850, Queen Maria II substituted its Dukedom of Faial by the new title of Duke of Palmela.
Marriage and issue
On 4 June 1810 Pedro de Sousa Holstein married Eugénia Francisca Xavier Teles da Gama (1798–1848). Their issue was:
Alexandre de Sousa Holstein (1812–1832), 1st Count of Calhariz;
Eugénia de Sousa Holstein (1813–1884), Marquise of Minas by marriage;
Isabel de Sousa Holstein (1816–1819);
Domingos de Sousa Holstein (1818–1864), succeeded his father as 2nd Duke of Palmela;
Manuel de Sousa Holstein (1819–1837);
Maria Ana de Sousa Holstein (1821–1844);
Maria José de Sousa Holstein (1822–1834);
Teresa de Sousa Holstein (1823–1885), Countess of Alcáçovas by marriage;
Rodrigo de Sousa Holstein (1824–1840), Marquis of Palmela;
Catarina de Sousa Holstein (1826–1885), Countess of Galveias by marriage;
Ana Rosa de Sousa Holstein (1828–1864);
Pedro de Sousa Holstein (1830–1830);
(1838–1878), 1st Marquis of Sousa Holstein;
(1839–1887), 1st Marquis of Sesimbra;
(1841–1884), 1st Marquis of Monfalim;
See also
Devorismo
References
External links
Genealogy of Pedro Sousa Holstein, 1st Duke of Palmela, in Portuguese
|-
Counts of Palmela
Margraves of Palmela
Dukes of Palmela
Dukes of Faial
Portuguese diplomats
1781 births
1850 deaths
Prime Ministers of Portugal
Cabralism
Finance ministers of Portugal
Foreign ministers of Portugal
Ambassadors of Portugal to Denmark
Ambassadors of Portugal to Germany
Ambassadors of Portugal to Italy
Ambassadors of Portugal to Spain
Ambassadors of Portugal to the United Kingdom
Portuguese nobility
Knights of the Golden Fleece of Spain
Portuguese people of German descent
Portuguese people of Italian descent
H | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedro%20de%20Sousa%20Holstein%2C%201st%20Duke%20of%20Palmela |
The Central Council of Muslims in Germany (ZMD; ) is an Islamic organization in Germany. With 15,000 to 20,000 members, mainly German, German Arab, and German Turkish Muslims, it has less than half the size of the Islamrat für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland.
The Central Council was founded in 1994 by Nadeem Elyas, and since 2006 it has been led by Ayyub Axel Köhler. Its secretary-general is Aiman Mazyek. It is located in Cologne, Germany.
Affiliated organizations also belonging to Islamisches Konzil in Deutschland
The following organizations belong to the Central Council of Muslims in Germany and to the Islamic Council in Germany (Islamisches Konzil in Deutschland):
Islamische Gemeinschaft in Deutschland,
Muslimische Studentenvereinigung,
Union Islamisch-Albanischer Zentren in Deutschland,
Union der Türkisch-Islamischen Kulturvereine in Europa and
Verband islamischer Gemeinden der Bosniaken
The former leader of the Islamic Council in Germany, Abdullah al-Turki, is the leader of the Muslim World League (seat in Saudi Arabia).
Affiliated organizations also belonging to Islamische Gemeinschaft in Deutschland
Islamisches Zentrum München and Islamisches Bildungswerk belong to the Islamische Gemeinschaft in Deutschland and to the Central Council of Muslims in Germany.
The Islamische Gemeinschaft is affiliated to the Central Council of Muslims in Germany and to the Muslim Brotherhood.
Affiliated organizations also belonging to Islamische Avantgarden
Islamische Avantgarden were founded by the former leader of the Syrian division of the Muslim brotherhood. Islamisches Zentrum Aachen and Bundesverband für Islamische Tätigkeiten belong to the Islamische Avantgarden and the Central Council of Muslims in Germany.
The other affiliated organizations
Islamische Religionsgemeinschaft Berlin belongs to the Central Council of Muslims in Germany and is dominated by the Islamische Gemeinschaft Milli Görüş.
Islamisches Zentrum Hamburg is an affiliated organization and is dominated by the government of Iran.
Islamische Gemeinschaft in Hamburg is close to the Islamic Centre Hamburg and an organization affiliated to the Central Council of Muslims in Germany.
Haus des Islam is an affiliated organization, which is close to the Islamisches Zentrum Aachen of the Muslim Brotherhood. The other affiliated organizations are
Deutsche Muslim-Liga Bonn,
Deutsche Muslim-Liga Hamburg,
Haqqani Trust - Verein für neue deutsche Muslime, and
Islamische Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Sozial- und Erziehungsberufe.
See also
Council on American-Islamic Relations
Islam in Germany
Islamic Commission of Spain
French Council of the Muslim Faith
Muslim Council of Britain
Muslim Council of Sweden
Muslim Executive of Belgium
External links
http://www.zentralrat.de/ Website of the Zentralrats der Muslime in Deutschland
http://www.zentralrat.de/3035.php Islamic Charta of 20.02.2002
https://web.archive.org/web/20061230082555/http://www.religionfacts.com/islam/places/germany.htm
Islamic organisations based in Germany
Organisations based in Cologne
Islamic organizations established in 1994
1994 establishments in Germany | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central%20Council%20of%20Muslims%20in%20Germany |
The Winchester Royals are a collegiate summer baseball team in Winchester, Virginia. They play in the Northern division of the Valley Baseball League. Founded in 1979, the Royals are the most successful team in the history of the Valley League, with thirteen Championships won — in 1979, 1980, 1982, 1983, 1987, 1990, 1992, 1993, 1997, 2001, 2003, and 2004. This is one more than the Harrisonburg Turks, and seven more than the Waynesboro Generals, which are the second and third most winning teams in the history of the Valley League.
The Royals play their home games at Bridgeforth Field, a 1,500-seat stadium located within the city-run Jim Barnett Park.
Notable players
Notable former players who went on to play in the major leagues include Jimmy Key, Reggie Sanders, Kevin Kouzmanoff, Tyler Thornburg, and Kyle Snyder. Dayton Moore served as the Winchester manager in 1992 and 1993 and went on to become the general manager of the Kansas City Royals.
References
External links
Winchester Royals
Valley Baseball League
Amateur baseball teams in Virginia
Valley Baseball League teams
Winchester, Virginia
Baseball teams established in 1979
1979 establishments in Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winchester%20Royals |
Tonight You're Mine is a 1980 album by Eric Carmen. It peaked at #160 on the Billboard album chart. It contained the singles "It Hurts Too Much" (#75 US Billboard Hot 100 and number three in South Africa) and "All For Love".
Track listing
All tracks composed by Eric Carmen
"It Hurts Too Much" - 4:09
"Lost In The Shuffle" - 4:00
"All For Love" - 3:59
"Tonight You're Mine" - 3:59
"Sleep With Me" - 4:01
"Inside Story" - 3:37
"Foolin' Myself" - 5:33
"You Need Some Lovin'" - 4:02
Personnel
Eric Carmen – lead vocals, arrangements, electric guitar (1), backing vocals (6), acoustic piano (7)
Duane Hitchings – acoustic piano (1-6, 8), synthesizers (1)
Billy Peek – electric guitar (1, 2, 6), guitar solo (2), rhythm guitar (8)
Davey Johnstone – acoustic guitar (1, 4), electric guitar (2, 4, 6), backing vocals (4, 6)
Fred Tackett – acoustic guitar (1, 4, 6), guitar (3, 5)
Steve Lukather – lead guitar (8)
Kenny Passarelli – bass (1, 2, 4, 6-8)
Bob Glaub – bass (3, 5)
Carmine Appice – drums (1, 2, 4, 6, 8)
Rick Shlosser – drums (3, 5, 7)
Paulinho da Costa – percussion (1, 4)
Harry Maslin – percussion (3, 5)
David Woodford – saxophone (1, 6)
Calvin H. Biggar – bagpipes (4)
Angus MacKay – bagpipes (4)
David Stanley Moyle – bagpipes (4)
Argyle Watterston – bagpipes (4)
Barry Fasman – string arrangements (1, 3, 5, 7)
Laura Creamer – backing vocals (1, 4)
Jim Haas – backing vocals (1, 3, 4)
Jon Joyce – backing vocals (1, 4)
Dee Dee Maslin and the Shuflettes – backing vocals (2)
Steve Farber – backing vocals (3)
Joanne Harris – backing vocals (3)
Production
Harry Maslin – producer, engineer, mixing
Rick Ash – assistant engineer
Frank D'Amico – assistant engineer
Sheridan Eldridge – assistant engineer
Bill Thomas – assistant engineer
John Van Nest – assistant engineer
Ria Lewerke-Shapiro – art direction, design, photography
Recorded and Mixed at Cherokee Studios (Los Angeles, California) and Allen Zentz Recording (San Clemente, California).
References
Eric Carmen albums
1980 albums
Arista Records albums | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonight%20You%27re%20Mine |
The Peck School is an independent, co-educational day school with grades kindergarten through eighth grade. Peck School is located in Morristown, in Morris County, New Jersey. There are approximately 330 students. The Peck curriculum includes communication arts, drama, English, library studies, math, music, sports, reading, science, history, social studies, technology, themes or family life, visual arts, woodworking, and world languages.
The Peck School has two divisions, the Upper School (grades 5-8) and the Lower School (grades K-4).
Activities are held most Friday afternoons for Upper School students. Possible choices include The Linden (yearbook), the Student Council, Green Team, "Art Spirit" (literary magazine), the P.I.C club (Peck InDeCore Club), and more.
Further extracurricular activities include Kindergarten Helpers, the Steel Pan Band, Pro Musica (a singing group for lower schoolers and upper schoolers), Peckapella (a 7-8 a cappella group), and the Peck Enrichment Program (PEP).
Like many independent schools, the Peck athletic program is required. It emphasizes sportsmanship, teamwork, and responsibility. Students compete inter-scholastically in grades 5-8 in a number of fall, winter, and spring sports. Peck has built up a reputation of having one of the most competitive private-school sports programs in the area. Peck's mascot is The Pride, which serves as a symbol of Peck's school-wide sense of pride.
The Peck School is a member of the New Jersey Association of Independent Schools and the Commission on Elementary Schools of the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools.
Peck is also known for its many traditions. It has an annual field day called Downy-Redhead Day, which has relay races and an all-school tug-of-war. Downy-Redhead day is the final date of friendly competition between the Downy team and the Redhead team, named for woodpeckers native to the area. Students earn points for their team by earning "Job Well Done Tickets," which are acquired through acts of kindness, and active displays of the school's core values. Peck has a talent show, where students can showcase their talents to the school body. There is a Christmas Sing. There is also a Spring Sing. Lower schoolers participate in a science fair, which is known as the Science Expo, and they submit their work to the Lower School literary Arts magazine (Spectrum). Commencement is held every year for graduating eighth graders, as students move on to secondary school.
History
The Peck School originally started in 1893 on Franklin Street, founded as Miss Sutphen's School for Young Ladies, with six initial students. Lorraine T. Peck purchased the school late in 1917. In 1920, the school moved to Elm Street, and then into its current location on South Street, in the Lindenwold Mansion and the surrounding acres.
In 1993, The Peck School completed the Deetjen Kindergarten Building. In 1995, the Caspersen-Tomlinson Academic Building was completed, followed by the F. M. Kirby Lower School in 1998. In 2006, the Eckhert Huff Building was completed, which was followed by the Athletic Center in 2007. The Peck Commons was completed in 2019 after the old gym in front of Lindenwold mansion was demolished to create a new quad for students.
Notable headmasters include Mr. Lorraine T. Peck (1917–1944), Mr. Philip S. Hesseltine (1946–1954), Mr. Rudy Deetjen (1977–1994), and Mr. John J. Kowalik (2003-2013). Andrew Delinsky, former Upper School Principal at Bullis School in Potomac, Maryland, has been serving as head of the school since 2014.
Notable alumni
Bromberg Brothers, Owners of the Blue Ribbon food chain
Ken Demarest
Rodney Frelinghuysen, a US congressman
Jill Krementz, author of several titles and spouse to Kurt Vonnegut
Robert Tappan Morris
Alexis Maybank, Author of By Invitation Only and founder of Gilt Groupe
F. D. Reeve, father of actor Christopher Reeve
Alfred Whitney Griswold, president of Yale from 1950-1963
Sports
The Peck School students compete on interscholastic sports teams from grades 5-8. In lower school grades, students learn fundamental motor skills, sports technique, teamwork, and sportsmanship.
Peck sports include for girls and boys basketball, volleyball, field hockey, co-ed ice hockey, co-ed cross country, boys and girls lacrosse, softball, baseball wrestling and for boys soccer.
Peck also partakes in CML (Continental Math League) recently Roshan Prasad and Collin Garvey received firs place honors. They also compete in NJML (New Jersey Math League) Harley Zhang and Declan Garvey got first place in 8th and 7th grade respectively.
References
External links
The Peck School website
Data for The Peck School, National Center for Education Statistics
https://www.peckschool.org/news-detail?pk=1179367
Private elementary schools in New Jersey
Schools in Morris County, New Jersey
New Jersey Association of Independent Schools
Private middle schools in New Jersey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Peck%20School |
Glimmingehus is a medieval era castle located at Simrishamn Municipality, Scania in southern Sweden. It is the best preserved medieval stronghold in Scandinavia. It was built 1499–1506, during an era when Scania formed a vital part of Denmark, and contains many defensive arrangements of the era, such as parapets, false doors and dead-end corridors, 'murder-holes' for pouring boiling pitch over the attackers, moats, drawbridges and various other forms of death traps to surprise trespassers and protect the nobles against peasant uprisings. The lower part of the castle's stone walls are 2.4 meters (94 inches) thick and the upper part 1.8 meters (71 inches).
History
Construction was started in 1499 by the Danish knight Jens Holgersen Ulfstand and stone-cutter-mason and architect Adam van Düren, a North German master who also worked on Lund Cathedral. Construction was completed in 1506.
At the time of Ulfstand, the estate as whole was referred to as Stora Glimminge. (Swedish for "Grand Glimminge"). This was a way for Ulfstand to signify its status in the surrounding area of Glimminge.
The artwork placed over the castle entrance by Jens Holgersen Ulfstand commemorate the foundation-laying year as 1499. Ulfstand was a councillor, nobleman and admiral serving under King John I of Denmark and many objects have been uncovered during archeological excavations that demonstrate the extravagant lifestyle of the knight's family at Glimmingehus up until Ulfstand's death in 1523. Some of the most expensive objects for sale in Europe during this period, such as Venetian glass, painted glass from the Rhine district and Spanish ceramics, have been found here.
Evidence of the family's wealth can also be seen inside the stone fortress, where everyday comforts for the knight's family included hot air channels in the walls and bench seats in the window recesses. Although considered comfortable for its period, it has also been argued that Glimmingehus was an expression of "Knighthood nostalgia" and not considered opulent or progressive enough even to the knight's contemporaries and especially not to later generations of the Scanian nobility. Glimmingehus is thought to have served as a residential castle for only a few generations before being transformed into a storage facility for grain.
An order from King Charles XI to the administrators of the Swedish dominion of Scania in 1676 to demolish the castle, in order to ensure that it would not fall into the hands of the Danish king during the Scanian War, could not be executed. A first attempt, in which 20 Scanian farmers were ordered to assist, proved unsuccessful. An additional force of 130 men were sent to Glimmingehus to execute the order in a second attempt. However, before they could carry out the order, a Danish-Dutch naval division arrived in Ystad, and the Swedes had to abandon the demolition attempts.
Modern usage
Throughout the 18th century the castle was used as deposit for agricultural produce and in 1924 it was donated to the Swedish state. During the years 1935–38, an extensive restoration and excavation project was carried out. Today it is administered by the Swedish National Heritage Board (Swedish: Riksantikvarieämbetet). On site there is a museum, medieval kitchen, shop and restaurant and coffee house. During summer time there are several guided tours daily. In local folklore, the castle is described as haunted by multiple ghosts and the tradition of story telling inspired by the castle is continued in the summer events at the castle called "Bizarre stories and terrifying tales".
Gallery
References
Other sources
Ödman von Anders (1997) Glimmingehus (Stockholm, Riksantikvarieämbetet)
External links
Glimmingehus - The Medieval Manor at the Swedish National Heritage Board
Castles in Skåne County
Museums in Skåne County
Historic house museums in Sweden
16th-century establishments in Skåne County
Water castles | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glimmingehus |
Erich Kästner Gemeinschaftsschule Elmshorn (KGSE), formerly known as Kooperative Gesamtschule Elmshorn, is a German Cooperative Comprehensive School in Elmshorn-Hainholz. The KGSE is a Gesamtschule (comprehensive school) situated in Elmshorn; as such, allowing pupils to study alongside each other for one of the three German major school qualifications: Hauptschulabschluss, Realschulabschluss (roughly equivalent to GCSEs in the UK) and Abitur (equivalent of A-Levels in the UK).
Eponym
The school is named after Erich Kästner, a respected German children's writer, maybe best known for the book Emil and the detectives.
Description
Elmshorn is a city of 52000 inhabitants in Schleswig-Holstein 30mins travelling time north of Hamburg. The school has about 1350 students, who come from the neighbourhood. It is an Ganztagsschule (de) with lessons starting at 8.00 and continuing until 3.00 pm, three days a week and 1.00pm otherwise but open into the evening.
It shares a space with the district library.
Building
The old building was beyond repair so the pupils were decanted into a temporary building, then moved into this new build in 2015. The design contact was placed with Böge Lindner K2 Architekten. The school is light and airy, in three storey building constructed in 2015. All rooms have natural light and opening windows give natural ventilation. The building occupies a prominent cornersite, and the building are arranged along a spine, called the school street. They feature corridors that open to multi-storey light-wells, and multi-storey halls and sports halls. The individual blocks are built round courtyards.
Academics
Gesamtschule are not common in Germany. They are mainly found in Bremen and Saarland. They exist in two forms: Integriete (integrated) where the pupils are taught together throughout and Koopertive (cooperative) where the pupils are streamed and are only integrated for sport.
References
External links
School website
Schools in Schleswig-Holstein
Educational institutions with year of establishment missing
Pinneberg (district) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erich%20K%C3%A4stner%20Gemeinschaftsschule%20Elmshorn |
Eric Carmen is the debut album by American rock and roll musician and singer-songwriter Eric Carmen. It is also his first of two self-titled albums, the other released in 1984. It peaked at No. 21 on the Billboard album chart upon its release in 1975, the highest position of his career, and generated the No. 2 pop single "All by Myself" in the same year. The song reached No. 1 on the Cashbox and Record World charts. The album also included two follow-up Top 40 hits, "Never Gonna Fall in Love Again" (#11), and "Sunrise" (#34), both of which charted in 1976.
All tracks were written by Eric Carmen except the Drifters' song "On Broadway", which was written by Barry Mann, Cynthia Weil, Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller. This LP also contained Carmen's original version of "That's Rock and Roll", which became a No. 3 hit for Shaun Cassidy in 1977.
The album was Carmen's first solo production after leaving the Raspberries, a power pop group which scored several Top 40 hits in the early 1970s.
Songs
All compositions by Eric Carmen with the exception of "Never Gonna Fall In Love Again", whose melody he borrowed from Russian composer Sergei Rachmaninoff's Symphony No. 2 in E minor, "All By Myself", with elements from Rachmaninoff's Piano Concerto No. 2 in C minor, and "On Broadway", which was written by Barry Mann, Cynthia Weil, Mike Stoller and Jerry Leiber. The uptempo Track number 6, "My Girl" — not to be confused with the well-known Temptations hit from 1965 — also exploits a theme from Rachmaninoff's Piano Concerto No. 2.
Cash Box said of the opening track and third single "Sunrise" that "There's a beautiful introduction, with horns and everything, and then the music breaks into some serious rock ’n’ roll. Carmen's voice is in top form, and he makes the melody soar." Billboard said of it that Carmen's "wonderfully unmistakable sad tenor voice attacks an uptempo lyric message this time and produces the effect of a breaking heart desperately winning through to an optimistic outlook. The melody and production are a sleek counterpoint to Carmen's emotional singing." "Sunrise" peaked at #34 on the Billboard Hot 100.
Track listing
"Sunrise" – 5:21
"That's Rock 'n' Roll" – 3:10
"Never Gonna Fall in Love Again" – 3:45
"All by Myself" – 7:11
"Last Night" – 2:57
"My Girl" – 3:02
"Great Expectations" – 3:03
"Everything" – 2:01
"No Hard Feelings" – 5:40
"On Broadway" – 3:26
Personnel
Eric Carmen - lead vocals, guitar, keyboards
Dan Hrdlicka - lead guitar, backing vocals
Steve Knill - bass, backing vocals
Richard Reising - synthesizer, organ, backing vocals
Dwight Krueger, Michael McBride - drums, percussion, backing vocals
Jackie Kelso - uncredited flute solo on "Never Gonna Fall in Love Again"
Hugh McCracken - slide guitar solo on "All By Myself"
Technical
Jack Sherdel - engineer
Robert L. Heimall - art direction, design
Norman Seeff - photography
Charts
Singles
Year-end charts
References
Eric Carmen albums
1975 debut albums
Albums produced by Jimmy Ienner
Arista Records albums
Rhino Records albums | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric%20Carmen%20%281975%20album%29 |
is a university on the slopes of Mount Rokkō in Higashinada-ku, Kobe, Japan. A private university with approximately 10,000 students, it offers a wide variety of programs to Japanese students, as well as an international exchange program through the Konan International Exchange Center.
History
Konan University was founded in 1951. The university traces its origin to 1919 when Konan Gaku-en Middle School was founded in Okamoto, Kobe, Japan. The founder is , 45th Minister of Education in the days of Meiji Constitution, former senior managing director of Tokio Marine Insurance, founder of Co-op Kobe and Konan Hospital (See also List of Japanese politicians). The formation of the school is based on the ideals of character building (personality development), physical fitness, and respect for the individual. Konan University offers undergraduate and graduate programs (Master's and Ph.D.). All programs are accredited by Japan's Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology.
Campus
Konan University has three campuses in Hyogo prefecture, Japan: Okamoto Campus (the main campus), Nishinomiya Campus (Hirao School of Management), and the Port Island Campus (Science, Medicine & Engineering Research). Okamoto Campus is on the eastern edge of Kobe City in Okamoto, a renowned residential area between Osaka and Kobe.
Undergraduate education
Seven faculties and one school provide undergraduate education.
Faculty of Letters (similar to a Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences in North American universities)
Faculty of Science and Engineering
Faculty of Economics
Faculty of Law
Faculty of Business Administration
Faculty of Intelligence and Informatics
Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology
Hirao School of Management
Graduate education
Graduate education is provided by five schools.
Graduate School of Humanities (Japanese Literature and Language, Applied Sociology, Human Sciences)
Graduate School of Natural Science (Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Information Science and Systems Engineering)
Graduate School of Social Science (Economics, Management)
Graduate School of Law
Graduate School of Accounting
Academic rankings
Overall rankings
QS University Rankings: Asia 2013: not included
Webometrics Ranking of World Universities 2014: (World Rank) 2,574; (Country Rank) 134
Webometrics Ranking of World Universities, July 2012: (World Rank) 2,553
Top organizations: Rankings on SSRN (Social Science Research Network):
Ranked by total new downloads (last updated on 08/01/2014)
Konan University - Graduate School of Business and Accounting
885th among the SSRN Top 1,000 Business Schools
570 th among the SSRN Top 1,000 International (Non-U.S.) Business Schools
5th among Business Schools in Japan (①Kobe U., ②Keio U., ③Hitotsubashi U., ④Hosei U., ⑤Konan U.)
International students
Konan offers a program for international students through the Konan International Exchange Center or KIEC. This program runs from September through May for students from North America and Europe, and from January to December for students from Australia and New Zealand. The program, which is usually made up of between 30 and 45 students, includes rigorous language study, Japanese studies classes on topics of Japanese culture, business, and society, and a homestay in which the student lives with a Japanese family. In previous years the homestay was a mandatory part of the program, however, due to increasing numbers of international students in the academic year 2008–2009, a dormitory option was made available for non-Illinois Consortium for International Studies and Programs students.
Konan offers exchange opportunities with the following universities:
Australia
Murdoch University
Edith Cowan University
Canada
Carleton University
University of Victoria
China
Northwest University
Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
France
François Rabelais University, Tours
Jean Moulin University Lyon 3
Germany
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Cologne Business School, Köln
Korea
Hanyang University
New Zealand
University of Waikato
Taiwan
National Taipei University
Tunghai University
United Kingdom
Leeds University
United States of America
University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign
University at Buffalo, The State University of New York
In addition, students from the Illinois Consortium are welcome. This includes the University of Hawaii, the University of Arizona, and the University of Pittsburgh.
Notable faculty
Ueno, Susumu: representative director of the Asia-Pacific Management Accounting Association (APMAA); chief editor of Asia Pacific Management Accounting Journal (APMAJ); the 2014 Japanese Association of Management Accounting Special Award Recipient.
Notable alumni
Hiro Matsushita - Businessman, former driver in Champ Car series, Chairman of Swift Engineering & Swift Xi
Reiko Okutani - Businesswoman
Tomoki Yokoyama - Professional shogi player
Mai Mihara - Figure skater
See also
Lycée Konan: Japanese boarding school in France operated from 1991 to 2013 under the Konan Foundation
References
External links
Konan University
Konan University
Buildings and structures in Kobe
Education in Kobe
Kansai Collegiate American Football League
Private universities and colleges in Japan | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konan%20University |
The universal key or universal scale is a concept employed in music theory in which specific notes or chord symbols in a key signature are replaced with numbers or Roman numerals, allowing for a discussion describing relationships between notes or chords that can be universally applied to all key signatures.
For example, in the key of E-flat major, the notes of the scale would be replaced like so:
E becomes scale degree 1
F becomes scale degree 2
G becomes scale degree 3
A becomes scale degree 4
B becomes scale degree 5
C becomes scale degree 6
D becomes scale degree 7
Triads (common practice style)
When used with chord symbols, the Roman numerals represent the root of a triad built on the associated scale step. In music theory based on the practices of the common practice period and its derivations the chord numerals are often written in upper case for chords in the major family, and in lower case for chords in the minor family, with the usual "m" or "—" minor chord quality suffix omitted outright:
E becomes I
Fm7 becomes ii7
Gm7 becomes iii7
Amaj7 becomes IV maj7
B7 becomes V7
Cm7 becomes vi7
Dø7 becomes viiø7
When representing the triads rooted in a minor key, the upper or lower case of the numerals indicate both its chord quality and that the key is minor:
Cm7 becomes i7
Dø7 becomes iiø7
E becomes III
Fm7 becomes iv7
Gm7 becomes v7
Amaj7 becomes VI maj7
B7 becomes VII7
A major drawback of using this method is its lack of use of accidentals. While in the numeric system, flats and sharps can be represented either by the use of fractions (e.g. an A natural in the scale above becomes ) or, more commonly in written text, by inserting an accidental before the number (e.g. the same note becomes 5 or 4).
Triads (jazz and popular style)
In music theory aimed towards jazz and popular music, all triads are represented by upper case numerals, followed by a symbol to indicate if it is not a major chord (e.g. "m" for minor or "ø" for half-diminished):
Emaj7 becomes I maj7
Fm7 becomes IIm7
Gm7 becomes IIIm7
Amaj7 becomes IV maj7
B7 becomes V7
Cm7 becomes VIm7
Dø7 becomes VIIø7
When representing the triads rooted in a minor key, accidentals are used to indicate the chromatic alteration from the assumed major key roots indicated by numerals that don't have accidentals:
E minor:
Em7 becomes Im7
Fmø7 becomes IIø7
Gmaj7 becomes IIImaj7 (the assumed pitch for the root of a III numeral in E is G, and the is required to indicate that, in E minor, this chord is rooted on G)
Am7 becomes IVm7
Bm7 becomes Vm7
Cmaj7 becomes VImaj7
D7 becomes VII7
This will frequently result in numerals whose accidentals are different than those of the actual root note, as they are referring to a change from the assumed pitch and not an absolute pitch:
D minor:
Dm7 becomes Im7
Emø7 becomes IIø7
Fmaj7 becomes III maj7 (the assumed pitch for the root of a III numeral in D is F, and the is required to indicate that, in D minor, this chord is rooted on F)
Gm7 becomes IVm7
Am7 becomes Vm7
Bmaj7 becomes VI maj7
C7 becomes VII7
Further reading
Baxter, John (2010). Deluxe Encyclopedia Of Mandolin Chords, p. 11. Mel Bay. .
Musical scales | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal%20key |
I Hope You're Sitting Down, also known as Jack's Tulips, is the 1994 debut album by Lambchop.
Track listing
“Begin” – 3:30
“Betweemus” – 5:26
“Soaky in the Pooper” – 4:16
“Because You Are the Very Air He Breathes” – 6:11
“Under the Same Moon” – 4:55
“I Will Drive Slowly” – 4:44
“Oh, What a Disappointment” – 4:26
“Hellmouth” – 2:52
“Bon Soir, Bon Soir” – 3:32
“Hickey” – 5:51
“Breathe Deep” – 4:13
“So I Hear You’re Moving” – 3:47
“Let’s Go Bowling” – 5:29
“What Was He Wearing?” – 3:18
“Cowboy on the Moon” – 2:40
“Or Thousands of Prizes” – 4:53 (City Slang edition only)
“The Pack-Up Song” – 1:53
Personnel
Sourced from AllMusic.
Lampchop
Kurt Wagner - vocals, guitar
Paul Niehaus - guitar, trombone, vocals
Marc William Trovillion - bass
John Delworth - Farfisa and Hammond organs
Jonathan Marx - clarinet, alto sax, vocals
Deanna Varagona - alto sax, banjo, cello, vocals
Allen Lowrey - drums, percussion
Scott C. Chase - percussion
References
1994 debut albums
Lambchop (band) albums
Merge Records albums | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%20Hope%20You%27re%20Sitting%20Down/Jack%27s%20Tulips |
The New India Assurance Co. Ltd., is an Indian public sector general insurance company based in Mumbai. It is the largest nationalised general insurance company of India on the basis of gross premium collection inclusive of foreign operations. It was founded by Sir Dorabji Tata in 1919, and was nationalised in 1973.
Previously, it was a subsidiary of the General Insurance Corporation of India (GIC). But when GIC became a re-insurance company following the passage of the IRDA Act 1999, its four primary insurance subsidiaries New India Assurance, United India Insurance, Oriental Insurance and National Insurance became autonomous.
Offices
The company, with its registered Head office in Mumbai, has about 31 regional offices, 6 Large Corporate Offices, 447 Divisional Offices, 578 Branches, 27 Direct Agent Branches and 1,239 Micro Offices, Elmo Auto hub, 2 centralised legal hubs totaling 2329 offices.
The company operates in 28 countries as of 2015-16. The foreign operations details are as follows:
Workforce
The company's achievements include:
Market leadership position for four consecutive decades.
The ratio of available solvency margin to required solvency margin standing at 2.3 times(Global).
Total net worth of ₹28,895 crores.
Total assets - crossed ₹61720 crores.
Only Indian General Insurance Company to have presence in 28 countries.
Rating
NIA is the only direct insurer in India rated A-(Excellent – Positive outlook) by AM Best. CRISIL reaffirmed its AAA/STABLE rating, indicating that the company has the highest degree of financial strength.
References
External links
General insurance companies of India
Financial services companies based in Mumbai
Financial services companies established in 1919
Government-owned insurance companies of India
Companies nationalised by the Government of India
Indian companies established in 1919
Companies listed on the National Stock Exchange of India
Companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20India%20Assurance |
Else Reppen (14 November 1933 – 28 February 2006) was a Norwegian philanthropist, Pentecostal and a strict advocate of temperance. During her lifetime she was well known of serving others and caring little for herself. In 1984, she founded "Action Poland" which later became known as "Friends of Poland". This is a small group of people that transports food, clothing and other necessities in a bus every September to institutions such as churches and orphan homes in Poland. From 1996 to 2005, she served as President of the Norwegian WWCTU, World's Woman's Christian Temperance Union.
Early years and marriage
Else Reppen was born in Flekkefjord, Vest-Agder in southern Norway on 14 November 1933 to Nils and Sofie Staaby. They were a working-class family, her father being Flekkefjord's first typographer, her mother staying at home with 8 children. After having completed the obligatory primary education, which lasted for 7 years those days, she began working. In 1952, she married Magne Reppen (d. 1992), also of Flekkefjord. They became members of Pinsemenigheten Salen (a local Pentecostal congregation) early, as Else Reppen later explained it: "When we realized the importance of the Baptism of the Holy Ghost". Their first child, Sissel Reppen, was born a year later, in 1953. In 1960, Nils Terje Reppen was born.
References
Norwegian philanthropists
1933 births
2006 deaths
Woman's Christian Temperance Union people
20th-century philanthropists
People from Flekkefjord
20th-century women philanthropists | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Else%20Reppen |
The Piano Technicians Guild (PTG) is an International organization for Registered Piano Technicians, headquartered in Kansas City, Kansas. The PTG was formed in 1957 from the merger of the American Society of Piano Technicians and the National Association of Piano Tuners.
Membership categories and requirements
The PTG is primarily an American professional association with open membership. It states that anyone with a professional or avocational interest in piano technology may join. The title of Registered Piano Technician (RPT) must be earned by passing a series of examinations. There are three examinations: a written multiple choice test consisting of questions covering all areas of piano technology and tuning, a tuning exam, and a technical exam, where the examinee demonstrates competence in common repairs and regulation of grand and upright actions. For the tuning exam, RPTs perform a standardized piano tuning on a piano that has been master tuned. A master tuning is one that is performed by a group of technicians until they all agree no improvements on the tuning can be made. The results of this "master tuning" are then stored on an electronic tuning device. The piano is then detuned so the examinee can tune it, and the results are compared to the master tuning for scoring.
Education and conventions
Guild members improve their skills through training offered by local chapters and seminars held on the regional and national level. The Piano Technicians Guild also publishes a monthly technical magazine, the Piano Technicians Journal.
References
External links
Piano Technicians Guild web site
Official Facebook Page
String instrument organizations
Organizations established in 1957
1957 establishments in the United States
Organizations based in Kansas City, Kansas | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piano%20Technicians%20Guild |
In 1987, the Robotech animated series was adapted into novel form by authors James Luceno and Brian Daley and published by Del Rey Books. Having previously collaborated on the animated series Galaxy Rangers, the pair released the Robotech novels under the unified pseudonym of "Jack McKinney". Using fictitious epigraphs in the style of Dune, McKinney's novels escaped the limitations inherent in the dubbed cartoon and fleshed out its chronology in greater detail; most significantly, by adapting the storyline of the aborted sequel project, "The Sentinels". The entire series lasted for twenty-one books, the first fifteen of which were later collected into five three-book omnibus compilations in the early 1990s.
The original twelve novels were written to a tight twelve-month deadline, so that the books could be released one per month. Under this deadline, Daley and Luceno divided the Robotech timeline into twelve segments and worked on different segments simultaneously (i.e. Daley wrote Book 1 while Luceno wrote Book 2), then traded completed manuscripts for revision and style adjustments. As part of the research project, they watched the TV series many times, and consulted heavily with Carl Macek.
The first two omnibus collections, comprising the entirety of the "Macross Saga", were reissued in 2003 to tie in with the release of the Robotech: Battlecry video game. Then, in 2007, the next two omnibus collections, covering the remainder of the television series, were re-released as tie-ins to the animated movie, Robotech: The Shadow Chronicles. However, a revision of the Robotech timeline made by Harmony Gold alongside the release of the movie caused some continuity clashes with the McKinney novels, which were relegated to a "secondary" position in Robotech canon. To work around this, the Southern Cross and Invid Invasion collections contain new appendices written by Robotech fan Jonathan L. Switzer correcting any newborn mistakes.
Divergences
The major divergences from the Robotech television series include:
Additional properties are attributed to Protoculture. More than a component of a power source and a hallucinogenic foodstuff for genetic engineering, it is later discovered to also be a mystical force akin to the Force in Star Wars, that, through its "Shapings," manipulated the destiny of the universe, and provides the basis for a link between mind and mecha the use of Robotechnology (a product of technology powered by protoculture matrix energy) enables.
Stating that Robotech'''s mecha are partially controlled by the pilot's mental imaging via a "thinking cap" (a la Firefox or the later Macross spin-off Macross Plus), in addition to the joysticks and pedals seen in the show.
Using a chronology that slightly contradicts the cartoon itself, chiefly by placing the Second Robotech War seventeen years after the first, instead of fifteen. The above-mentioned 21st century reboot of the timeline created further disparities; McKinney had Scott Bernard entering the Third Robotech War in 2034 and the conflict ending in 2035, by the new timeline has him enter in 2042, and the war end in 2044. Further, the novels have the SDF-3 launching in 2020 (and the REF's arrival in Tirol takes five years in real time, leading the force to assume it's still 2020 in their calendars), where the revised timeline follows through with the original intent of the unproduced cartoon by placing it in 2022.
The divergences can be explained partly by a lack of translated source material from the original shows—meaning that the writers could only go by what was seen on the screen and the materials they had been given—and partly by a desire to tie the series together even more completely than the television show, sometimes by including material that never ended up being animated. In particular, the "Shapings of the Protoculture" enabled this unification, serving as the deus ex machina to Robotech's Greek tragedy. At least some of the elements for which the novels have been criticized were directly suggested by Carl Macek during Daley and Luceno's consultations with him.
Bibliography
The following is the list of novels released by Del Rey in publishing order, Omnibus Editions and a rough chronological story order, except that the events in books #13–17 (The Sentinels) are actually concurrent with books #7–12:
* - The last two chapters of Rubicon reference events taking place after Before the Invid StormBooks #1–12 novelize the story of the TV series; Books #1–6 cover the story of The Macross Saga (at the time known simply as the "First Generation"); The Masters (the "Second Generation") is covered in Books #7–9; and finally, New Generation ("Third Generation") is adapted in Books #10–12. Books #13–17 document the story of the aborted sequel TV series, The Sentinels.
Book #18 is unique as it is set after the events of the final episode of Robotech and wraps up all of the outstanding plotlines and questions that remained after the series ended. Published in 1989, this book was considered to be the final chapter of the Robotech series until the 2006 release of Robotech: The Shadow Chronicles, which introduced a radically alternate storyline.
The last three books were published from 1994–1996. Collectively labelled the "Lost Generation", they take place in the assorted "gaps" in the timeline; Book #19 takes place between the end of the First Generation and the start of The Sentinels, incorporating an adaptation of the Eternity Comic series The Malcontent Uprisings; Book #20 is set following the beginning of The Sentinels but before the start of the Second Generation, incorporating elements from the plots of Robotech: The Movie and Eternity Comics' CyberPirates''; and the final book, #21, occurs during the period between the Second and Third Generations and details the Invid invasion of Earth.
References
External links
Robotech Bibliography – List of Robotech novels in and out of print
Del Rey Online – Robotech novels by Jack McKinney
Book series introduced in 1987
Robotech
Science fiction novel series
Works published under a pseudonym
Del Rey books
Novels by James Luceno
ja:ロボテック#小説 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotech%20%28novels%29 |
The Transformers: Generation 2 (also known as Generation Two or G2) was a Transformers toy line that ran from 1992–1995, in conjunction with a corresponding comic book series and edited reruns of the original cartoon beginning in 1993. The prior Transformer television series, comic books and toys became known as 'Generation 1' or G1 retroactively, and are now officially referred to as such by toymaker Hasbro. Generation 2 was discontinued as the first Beast Wars: Transformers toys began hitting the shelves.
Toy line
Generation 2 Transformers toys were, for the first few months, reissued versions of G1 toys from the 1980s. Some of them were given new spring-powered missile launchers or electronic accessories with flashing lights and sounds, and many of them sported new, vivid color schemes. The trade dress for the toy line included a new logo with alternate Autobot and Decepticon symbols.
Because the G1 toys released during G2 represented only a small fraction of the existing G1 toy line, many of the characters featured in the show did not have G2 counterparts in stores. The fact that many of the color schemes were radically altered meant that these characters no longer matched their animated counterparts. The first new molds were introduced in 1993, first with Megatron in a new tank mode, and later with entirely new characters, including European toys that had never been offered in America.
Another type of toy was the video game market: Argonaut Games had made a deal to make a video game based upon the TV series of the same name. The game was to use the Super FX chip, an enhancement chip for the SNES that allowed 3D games to be much more possible. The game was cancelled in development, and was thought to be transferred over to another Super FX game, Vortex (video game), which had a robot morphing into various vehicles. After an interview with Retro Gamer, it was said Vortex and Generation 2 were completely separate.
In 1995, the final year of Generation 2 saw many of the toys in its line packaged on cards that did not carry the "Generation 2" subtitle under the Transformers name. The two most prominent lines under this banner were the Cyberjets and the Go-Bots (using a trademark acquired by Hasbro from Tonka). The Go-Bots were 1:64 scale cars (compatible with some Hot Wheels and Matchbox tracks) with working axles that transformed into equally small robots. There were initially six different Go-Bot styles produced, all of which were eventually given new colors and were assigned the names of G1 characters. The Cyberjets were small jet planes with missile launchers, and among the first Transformers to incorporate snap-together ball-and-socket articulated joints for the robot mode. There were three designs available in a total of six styles, three Autobots and three Decepticons. Two of the Autobot Cyberjets (Jetfire and Strafe) were decorated with G2 Decepticon symbols on their tail fins.
A number of toys were planned for G2 for which prototypes were created, but were never sold as part of the G2 toy line. Some of these toys were revisited in later lines like Machine Wars and Robots in Disguise, in which the toys were offered under the Flipchangers and Spychangers assortments.
Comic books
Marvel Comics produced a gritty, twelve-issue Transformers: Generation 2 comic book series. Produced early in the toy line, it features a few new Generation 2 characters, as well as many characters from the original series. The story concerned a form of Transformers, who called themselves Cybertronians, having evolved past Autobot or Decepticon. There was also an overarching enemy, The Swarm, which was slowly approaching the Earth, threatening all Transformers in its path. In his search to discover the nature of the enemy, Optimus Prime went into the matrix, discovering that the Swarm was actually a by product of an early form of Transformer reproduction. In the UK, a five-issue Transformers: Generation 2 comic was published by Fleetway. While the first two issues featured exclusive UK material, the last three issues featured reprinted stories from the US comic.
As a part of the Generation 2 line, several characters were given new forms, such as Megatron becoming a tank, due to the efforts of Cobra in Marvel's G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero #139. New characters appeared briefly towards the end of the series, including the Rotor Force, Laser Rods, and the Combat Hero edition of Optimus Prime.
In Japan, both TV Magazine story pages and mini-comics packaged with toys told a different G2 story. Set in the animated series' timeline (specifically after the end of Battlestars: Return of Convoy and therefore Operation Combination), the story tells of a true time of peace between Autobots and Decepticons, known as the Cybertron Alliance, until human soldiers accidentally kill one of Megatron's most loyal followers, causing for him to upgrade to his "Combat Hero" form and causing the war to start yet again. The story also featured a fairly bleak storyline and an art style somewhat similar to the Marvel comics, but was different by focusing more on the "new mold" characters (i.e.: The Laser Rods, Laser Cycles, and Cyberjets) and introducing things such as a Reconfiguration Matrix, which allowed Prime to change from his Hero form to his Laser form after nearly being fatally wounded in battle against Megatron. The story ends with Laser Optimus Prime defeating Megatron, who then leads the Decepticons into space after his defeat, while Prime himself is aided off of the battlefield, wounded, but victorious.
Dreamwave comics, who produced several Transformers titles, had several Generation 2 characters make cameos in their stories including the Turbomasters and Axelerators. (Although technically the Turbomasters were released in Europe at the end of Generation 1, they were re-released in Generation 2.) IDW, the current Transformers license holder, has also had several Generation 2 characters appear in their comics, including Skram, Deluge and Leadfoot.
Animated television series
The only new footage produced in association with G2 was a series of primitive CGI sequences used for the Hasbro toy commercials (making it one of the earliest computer-animated series, predating ReBoot) and an advertisement for the Marvel Comics title. A Transformers: Generation 2 television series did air, but it was a rebroadcast of the original Generation 1 Transformers series, using the Marvel Comics commercial as the main title sequence and incorporating CGI footage from the toy commercials for use as the commercial bumpers. New computer-animated scene transitions were superimposed upon the existing cel animation, with footage occasionally slowed down at the end of each act to mask the original fadeout.
Some of the episodes were slightly abridged.
The original stories were presented as though they were recordings of historical events by the Cybernet Space Cube. The contention was that the cube would display scenes from the series on its six sides, spinning around to a new face of the cube during scene transitions. This replaced the classic spinning Autobot and Decepticon logos originally used as scene bumpers.
Some of the Generation 2 versions of the episodes have been released in the United Kingdom as region 2 DVDs. Simply entitled "Transformers: Generation 2" the DVD featured the episodes "More Than Meets The Eye" parts 1–3, "S.O.S. Dinobots," and "Heavy Metal War." The DVD was available alongside DVD compilations of miscellaneous original G1 episodes. These early DVD releases were eventually supplanted by Generation 1 DVD volumes, and later complete season boxed sets.
Episodes
Generation 2 episodes were all taken from the Generation 1 television series, which had been previously produced, but with added effects and editing. These episodes aired between 1993 and 1995.
References
Sources
External links
Alignment – Simon Furman's prose conclusion to the Generation 2 comic book and overall, the Marvel Comics continuity
Includes scans of the second UK exclusive Transformers Generation 2 Fleetway UK comic
Includes scans of the first UK exclusive Transformers Generation 2 Fleetway UK comic
1990s American animated television series
1990s American science fiction television series
1992 American television series debuts
1994 American television series endings
1992 Japanese television series debuts
1994 Japanese television series endings
American computer-animated television series
American children's animated action television series
American children's animated space adventure television series
American children's animated science fantasy television series
American children's animated superhero television series
Anime-influenced Western animated television series
English-language television shows
Japanese computer-animated television series
Japanese children's animated action television series
Japanese children's animated space adventure television series
Japanese children's animated science fantasy television series
Japanese children's animated superhero television series
Television series by Claster Television
Television series by Hasbro Studios
Television series set in the 1980s
Television shows set in the United States
Tiger Electronics handheld games
Generation 2
Generation 2 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformers%3A%20Generation%202 |
Cassandra Yates (born March 2, 1951) is an American actress known for her performances on television.
Early years
Yates was born and raised in Macon, Georgia. Her mother named her after the character Cassandra portrayed by Betty Field in Kings Row. When Yates was young, her family moved from Atlanta to Dublin, Georgia.
After studying art, Yates was a commercial illustrator before she began cutting hair and eventually opened her own beauty shop. Her first contact with acting came through night classes and performances in plays at little theaters.
Career
Her most high-profile role was probably in Dynasty as Sarah Curtis. Yates also appeared in the 1981 TV version of John Steinbeck's Of Mice and Men. She appeared in various television series, including McMillan & Wife; Rich Man, Poor Man Book II; The Bionic Woman; The Streets of San Francisco; Barnaby Jones; Quincy, M.E.; Vega$; Simon & Simon; Magnum, P.I.; Hotel; Cagney & Lacey; Thirtysomething and Murder, She Wrote in the 1984 episode "Deadly Lady".
In 1978, she starred as Laura Coe, a disc jockey, in the movie FM. She also played roles in two films directed by Sam Peckinpah: Convoy (1978), and The Osterman Weekend (1983). Her other film credits include Rolling Thunder (1977), F.I.S.T. (1978), The Evil (1978), St. Helens (1981) and Unfaithfully Yours (1984).
Filmography
References
External links
1951 births
Living people
American television actresses
Actors from Macon, Georgia
20th-century American actresses
21st-century American actresses
American film actresses | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassie%20Yates |
The Council for European Studies (CES), based at Columbia University, is an academic organization for the study of Europe. It offers scholarships and research grants, publications, and an annual conference.
History
The Council for European Studies was founded in 1970 with a grant from the Ford Foundation. First located at the University of Pittsburgh and later moved to Columbia University, its current institutional host, CES was originally formed as a limited consortium of Western European studies programs at eight major U.S. universities: University of California Berkeley, Columbia University, Harvard, Princeton, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Michigan, University of Wisconsin, and Yale. However, it ceased to be a consortium of eight in 1972, when twenty other universities were invited to become institutional members.
Since that time, its institutional membership has grown substantially. Its institutional members currently include over 100 universities, colleges, and institutes around the world. Moreover, although membership was once restricted to institutions, CES has opened its membership rolls to individuals and now counts about 1,200 individuals as organization members. Membership provides access to the full range of CES fellowship and award competitions, publications, research resources, and professional development opportunities.
The Council for European Studies is an independent, 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization.
Grants, Fellowships, and Awards
CES sponsors a variety of fellowship and award competitions for graduate students and scholars of European Studies, which are available exclusively to individual CES members, as well as students, faculty, and researchers affiliated with CES member institutions.
Mellon-CES Dissertation Completion Fellowships
Alliance-CES Pre-Dissertation Research Fellowships
Harriman-CES Pre-Dissertation Research Fellowships
SAE-CES Pre-Dissertation Research Fellowships
European Studies First Book Award
European Studies First Article Prizes
Conference Travel Grants
International Conference of Europeanists
The Council for European Studies hosts an annual conference.
Publications
CES is a leading publisher of research on Europe. The organization's publications include:
EuropeNow
Perspectives on Europe
Reviews & Critical Commentary (CritCom)
European Studies Newsletter
Former publications
CES Resource Guide
Research networks
The following research networks are currently supported by the Council for European Studies:
Business in Politics and Society
Critical European Studies
European Culture
European Integration and the Global Political Economy – New Directions
Gender and Sexuality
Health & Wellbeing
Historical Study of States and Regimes
Immigration
Law
Political Economy and Welfare
Political Parties, Party Systems and Elections
Race and Racism in Europe
Radicalism and Violence
Social Movements
Territorial Politics and Federalism
Transnational Memory and Identity in Europe
References
External links
Official website
Facebook
Twitter
Reviews and Critical Commentary
References
European studies
Columbia University | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council%20for%20European%20Studies |
is an 1887 Japanese novel by Shimei Futabatei. Published in three parts (with the last one in serialised form) between June 1887 and August 1889, it is frequently referred to as the first modern Japanese novel.
Plot
Part One
The reader is introduced to friends and colleagues Bunzō and Noboru, who both work as low-ranking government officials in Tokyo. Bunzō has just lost his job for no apparent reason, startled because he considers himself to be more educated than the majority of the staff, while another colleague was fired for talking back to the supervisor. He returns to his home at his uncle Magobei's house, where he has been raised since the death of his father. The only other persons in the house are his aunt Omasa, Magobei's and Omasa's daughter Osei, and maid Onabe (Magobei is seldom at home due to his job, while their son is attending a boarding school). Osei, who is described as a volatile and superficial character, has just reached the age to get married. Bunzō has been in love with Osei for a long time, but although she treats him kindly and her parents have hinted at their endorsement of a possible marriage, Bunzō has not found the courage to tell Osei of his feelings. He receives a letter from his mother who lives in the countryside, in which she expresses her hope that, once he has married and settled down, he will take her in with him. When Bunzō finally finds the right moment to tell Omasa of his dismissal, she blames his pride and nonconformity as the reasons for this and points to the career-orientated Noboru as a positive example. She reminds him of his responsibility for his old mother, while the subject of a possible marriage with Osei is not touched upon anymore by her. A bit later, Noboru pays a visit to give the news of his promotion. Omasa suggests to visit the chrysanthemum displays at Dangozaka together the day after tomorrow and, after Noboru has left, tries to awaken Osei's interest in the successful young man.
Part Two
Omasa, Osei and Noboru make an excursion to Dangozaka together. At Dangozaka, Noboru runs into his supervisor, who is accompanied by his wife and his young sister-in-law, and smooth-talks him. Meanwhile, Bunzō, who stayed at home at his own will, is disappointed by the fact that Osei seemed not to care about his not joining them. A few days later, Noboru visits again. With Omasa and Osei present, Noboru tells Bunzō that rumours of rehirings at the office have been spreading, and offers to put in a good word for him. Bunzō feels insulted to the extent that he has to keep himself from hitting Noboru. He eventually breaks ties with his former friend, for which he is scolded by Omasa who considers Noboru a regular guest of the house, urging him to reconsider Noboru's offer. Bunzō approaches Osei, convinced that she still feels for him and will take his side. Instead, he has to learn that not only Osei refuses–at her mother's instructions–to share his viewpoint, but has also grown fond of Noboru. Furiously, he vows never to speak to her again. When Omasa hears of this, she declares that all plans of a possible marriage between Bunzō and Osei are now extinct.
Part Three
Bunzō, treated disdainfully by both Omasa and Osei, considers moving out of his uncle's house and has even found a small apartment to rent, but can't bring himself to take final steps. His attempt to explain himself to Osei is angrily fended off by her. Noboru has started giving English lessons to his supervisor's wife and sister-in-law, and when he shows up for his now less frequent visits, he is more involved in discussing business affairs with Omasa than in speaking to Osei. Osei tries to attract his attention with an increasingly childlike behaviour, but eventually loses interest in him and convinces her mother to pay her knitting lessons. Meanwhile, Bunzō has come to the conviction that Osei is in danger of taking a downhill route under Omasa's influence and that someone has to save her. During one of their next encounters, Osei, while getting ready to go to the public bath with the maid, gives him a sympathetic glance instead of a contemptuous one like in the past weeks. Bunzō decides that he will try to talk to her once more upon her return and, in case that he fails again to make her listen, will leave the house once and for all.
Background
With his debut novel Ukigumo, Futabatei aimed at incorporating everyday, colloquial language and in-depth characterisation to achieve a greater realism, a result of lengthy discussions between him and critic Shōyō Tsubouchi who advocated a new Japanese literature. Tsubouchi lent his then already prominent name to the novel, as the original publisher Kinkodo refused to print the novel with Futabatei's name on it. Futabatei was nonetheless quickly identified as the book's true author; with the publication of the second part, he was billed as "co-author". The first two parts were released in book form, the third and final part serialised in the magazine Miyako no hana, also a Kinkodo publication.
Despite the novel's sudden and open ending, it was regarded as complete by critics and readers in the years after its publication. The last chapter closed with the line "end", and a remaining element of uncertainty was not new to Japanese literature. However, in 1937, critic Izumi Yanagida brought on the possibility that the novel might have been left unfinished, referring to an 1897 interview with Futabatei. In this interview, Futabatei had spoken of an original plot outline which had Noboru win Osei, only to desert her and marry his chief's sister-in-law instead. In Futabatei's posthumously discovered journals, four more plot outlines had been sketched by him, but none of these had been realised.
Although the influence of Ivan Goncharov's 1859 novel Oblomov on Ukigumo has been repeatedly pointed out by literary scholars, translator Marleigh Grayer Ryan stressed out the many differences between the books: for instance, Futabatei's protagonist is a member of the lower class, not the aristocracy, does not feel any nostalgia for the old times, and is only temporarily inactive due to his current unemployment, not continuously by "self-induced pathological inertia" (Ryan).
While Ukigumo was highly successful with critics and readers, Futabatei was unsatisfied with the result, feeling that he had fallen behind his intended goal and failed as a writer. He stopped writing fiction for years, instead taking a job at the government gazette Kanpō.
English translation
Adaptations
Ukigumo has been adapted for Japanese television in 1994 and 2016.
Notes
References
19th-century Japanese novels
Modernist novels
Realist novels
Meiji period in fiction
1887 novels
Novels set in Tokyo | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukigumo%20%28novel%29 |
A scale of vowels is an arrangement of vowels in order of perceived "pitch".
A scale used for poetry in American English lists the vowels by the frequency of the second formant (the higher of the two overtones that define a vowel sound). Starting with the highest,
{| class="IPA wikitable"
! vowel
! example
|-
|iː
|key
|-
|eɪ
|cane
|-
|aɪ
|kite
|-
|ɪ
|kit
|-
|ɛ
|ken
|-
|æ
|cat
|-
|ɝː
|cur
|-
|ʌ
|cut
|-
|ɑː
|cot, car
|-
|aʊ
|cow
|-
|ɔɪ
|coy
|-
|ɔː
|caught, core
|-
|ʊ
|could
|-
| oʊ
| coat
|-
| uː
| cool, cute
|}
In technical terms, this listing goes from front vowels to back vowels. It is by no means precise enough for phonology. For one thing, the sounds with or as the second symbol are diphthongs, during which the formants change. Also, many American accents and practically all from other countries will require different lists. Nonetheless this scale has been used in poetry. For instance, one can identify lines that generally go upward—
O love, be fed with apples while you may… (Robert Graves)
/oʊ ˈlʊv bi ˈfɛd wɪθ ˈæ.pl̩z ˈwaɪl ju ˈmeɪ/
or downward—
When lilacs last in the dooryard bloom'd… (Walt Whitman)
/wɛn ˈlaɪ.læks ˌlæst ɪn ðə ˈdɔɹ.jɑɹd ˌblumd/
A pendeka (from the Greek for "fifteen") is a poem containing each of the above vowels once. The following example, which goes up the scale, is intended strictly as a mnemonic.
Mood: no good, brought voice
Down, not up, perhaps
Ends with—Hi, baby!
Not to be confused with
The high- and low-frequency vowels described here are not the high vowels and low vowels of linguistics. Those are vowels where the tongue is high (as in "cool" and "key") or low (as in "car") respectively. Also, this scale is not the sonority hierarchy.
References
For the pendeka, see the 1982 edition, .
Prosody (linguistics)
Melody | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scale%20of%20vowels |
Going cold turkey means withdrawing from a habit or addiction abruptly.
Cold Turkey or cold turkey may also refer to:
Film
Cold Turkey (1951 film), an animated short film starring Pluto
Cold Turkey (1971 film), a comedy by Norman Lear
Cold Turkey (2003 film), an Australian film directed by Steven McGregor
Cold Turkey (2013 film), an independent film starring Alicia Witt
Other uses
"Cold Turkey", a 1969 song by John Lennon
"Cold Turkey", a song by Yung Beef from ADROMICFMS 4
"Cold Turkey" (Bump in the Night), a television episode wherein a turkey comes to life
See also
Turkey (bird)
Turkey (country) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold%20turkey%20%28disambiguation%29 |
The characteristic rotational temperature ( or ) is commonly used in statistical thermodynamics to simplify the expression of the rotational partition function and the rotational contribution to molecular thermodynamic properties. It has units of temperature and is defined as
where is the rotational constant, is a molecular moment of inertia, is the Planck constant, is the speed of light, is the reduced Planck constant and is the Boltzmann constant.
The physical meaning of is as an estimate of the temperature at which thermal energy (of the order of ) is comparable to the spacing between rotational energy levels (of the order of ). At about this temperature the population of excited rotational levels becomes important. Some typical values are given in the table. In each case the value refers to the most common isotopic species.
References
See also
Rotational spectroscopy
Vibrational temperature
Vibrational spectroscopy
Infrared spectroscopy
Spectroscopy
Atomic physics
Molecular physics | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotational%20temperature |
Percy Dwight Wickman (June 10, 1941 – July 3, 2004) was a Canadian politician and well-known activist for people with disabilities. He was born in Thunder Bay, Ontario.
Wickman served as an alderman on Edmonton City Council from 1977 to 1986. He made headlines when he was elected as Liberal MLA for Edmonton-Whitemud after unseating Alberta premier Don Getty in the 1989 election, despite the fact Getty had otherwise won a majority government. In 1993 election and 1997 election Wickman was re-elected as the MLA for Edmonton Rutherford. Wickman retired from politics in 2001. He wasn't just a politician he helped many people with disabilities. He himself was in a wheelchair.
Wickman died in 2004 due to a paraplegic-related infection at the age of 63. He will be greatly missed by his family and others.
References
Further reading
External links
Death of Percy Wickman
Embarrassment for Getty CBC Archives
1941 births
2004 deaths
Alberta Liberal Party MLAs
Canadian politicians with disabilities
Northern Alberta Institute of Technology alumni
Politicians from Thunder Bay
Politicians with paraplegia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy%20Wickman |
Drifting Clouds may refer to:
Drifting Clouds, 1887 Japanese novel by Futabatei Shimei
Drifting Clouds (film), 1996 Finnish film by Aki Kaurismäki | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drifting%20Clouds |
Iridion 3D is a quasi-3D rail shooter video game developed by Shin'en Multimedia. A launch title for the Game Boy Advance portable game console, it was released in North America on June 11, 2001 and in Europe on September 21. The player controls a single starship defending Earth from the alien Iridion. The game spans seven levels from Earth to the aliens' home planet, each following a linear path that culminate with a boss.
Iridion began development as a shooter for the Game Boy Color; when Shin'en decided to drop development and shift their focus to the Game Boy Advance, Iridion was the first game by the developer to appear on the system. Though billed as a 3D game, Shin'en used realtime encoding and resizing to manipulate the size of 2D sprites instead of creating a true 3D environment. More room on the game cartridge was available for graphics due to the game's use of the GAX Sound Engine, which allowed real-time decoding of song data in a small file size.
On release Iridion garnered generally mixed reviews. The graphics and sound were generally praised; a year after its release, critics at Extended Play still considered it the best-looking game on the platform. In contrast, critics derided the game's repetitive and frustrating gameplay. Despite lukewarm reception to the title upon release, Iridion 3D was a financial success, and influenced future Shin'en shooters such as Iridion II and Nanostray.
Gameplay
The game is a simple forward-scrolling rail shooter, similar to the Star Fox series. Only the Game Boy Advance's directional pad, A, and Start buttons are used during gameplay. The ship remains locked at a set speed and cannot brake or speed up.
The player encounters more than fifteen types of enemy, not including level bosses. Some are easy to destroy; others, including the fire creatures found on the Iridion home world, are indestructible and must be avoided. Other enemies prevent the player from dodging enemy fire by laying mines to block paths. Passive objects, such as garbage or asteroids, can damage or destroy the player's craft. Enemies vary in armor and weaponry—some cannot return fire but travel in waves to ram the player. The player's ship can use five types of weapons, with three levels of power each. Players boost weapon power by collecting powerups that match the current weapon's power; collecting a different color gives the player the first level of that weapon type. If the player's ship is destroyed the power level of the weapon is reduced by one. Flashing powerups restore the craft's shields.
Each level has the player follow a linear path through waves of enemies and culminates with a boss. In boss stages the player's craft does not move forward, but hovers in front of the boss. Each boss has a single vulnerability which flashes when hit. These areas are often heavily shielded and must be hit repeatedly to remove armor. Other bosses' vulnerabilities are hidden and appear for only short periods. Most bosses have weapons that fire upon the player or reflect the player's shots. At the end of each level, players receive bonuses for defeated enemies, lives remaining, and the energy level of the player's craft. An extra life is granted if the score reaches certain thresholds.
Plot
In the opening cinematic of Iridion 3D Earth is attacked without warning by the Iridion, who take over much of the surface and lay mines in orbit and bombs in the Pacific Ocean. The player is the pilot of an experimental SHN fighter, the last hope for defending Earth from the Iridion. The player pilots his ship alone against hordes of Iridion fighters and natural obstacles. The early stages begin on Earth, with the player fighting through an Iridion garbage tunnel. The player proceeds to the Pacific Ocean and destroys much of the Iridion invasion fleet on Earth before heading into the stratosphere to destroy the orbital blockade around Earth and subsequently annihilating the Iridion boss at the Moon.
With the invasion fleet in ruins, the player heads into the far reaches of space. After destroying an Iridion mining colony within an asteroid belt, the player proceeds into the Iridion home system. Eventually the player fights the Iridion on their home world, destroying the Iridion "mainframe" and ending the alien threat forever.
Development
Manfred Linzer began developing a shoot-em-up video game in 1996 on his Amiga computer, but abandoned the project after producing a single level and some related music. Linzer later co-founded Shin'en Multimedia in 1999, and Iridion began development as a shooter for the Game Boy Color. On January 10, 2001, Shin'en announced they would stop making games for the Color, instead working on games exclusively for the upcoming Game Boy Advance. Iridion's executive producer was Dan Kitchen, a former programmer for Atari.
Although advertised as a 3D game, Iridion 3D uses solely 2D graphics for texture scrolling and sprites which depict explosions and enemies. The developers created the illusion of 3D by looping background textures—a graphically intensive technique for the Game Boy Advance. Graphical objects shrink or enlarge to depict position relative to the player. Level environments feature changes such as progression from day to night. Kitchen, Majesco's vice president of handhelds, wrote that "by pushing the graphics hardware of the Game Boy Advance to its technical limits, Iridion 3D provides a truly realistic 3D gaming experience." He hoped that players would be impressed by the capabilities of a game on a portable system.
Linzer composed Iridion 3Ds music. Some of the music had been started before programming of the game itself. The game was Shin'en's first product to utilize the GAX Sound Engine, which allowed real-time decoding of song data in an extremely small file size; this allowed more space on the cartridge to be used for graphics. The soundtrack was released as part of an arranged collection on compact disc in 2003 and digitally in 2010.
By March 2001, the GBA version of Iridion was shown in workable form. IGN saw early screens and declared that Iridion was "aiming to set the standard" of what Game Boy Advance shooters should be, pushing the platform to its limits and producing the most stunning game seen at the time for the handheld system. GameSpots Ben Stahl noted the excellent graphics and high frame rate, ending with, "At this point, Iridion 3D looks like it could be a great game for fans of the genre." The game was one of 17 titles that launched alongside the Advance.
Reception
Iridion 3D received "mixed" reviews according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. Among the launch titles for the Game Boy Advance, Iridion was often considered one of the weaker offerings. Despite the weak reviews, Linzner maintained that Iridion 3D was the best game for the Game Boy Advance without licensed characters.
Iridion 3Ds graphics were often praised; reviews from The Washington Post, Popular Science, and GameSpy considered Iridion 3D a standout game for the Game Boy Advance and a showcase for the system's graphic performance. A year after its release, Extended Plays Miguel Concepcion argued that Iridion remained the best-looking game for the system. Miguel Lopez of GameSpot lauded the graphics, writing that "while it's ultimately all smoke and mirrors, Iridions world is richly detailed, has remarkable depth, and is unbelievably fluid. It's often hard to tell if the game's backgrounds are composed of streaming full motion video or just some really fancy math-powered 2D bitmaps." Less positively, Aaron Curtiss of the Los Angeles Times wrote that the faux-3D visuals of Iridion were a letdown compared to true 3D games like F-Zero: Maximum Velocity. NextGen wrote, "This beautiful game would be a must-buy in first-person view, but as it is, it's nearly unplayable."
In contrast to praise for Iridions graphics, its gameplay was generally panned. IGNs Craig Harris wrote that the shooter would only impress for its graphics. Harris and Curtiss noted that player's freedom of movement was limited. Concepcion complained that on a small screen distances were hard to judge and the player's ship was often hit by bullets that appeared to be in the distance. GameSpys Andrew S. Bub and Game Informers Jay Fitzloff criticized the craft placement, as the player's view was often obscured by their own ship. Edge and others observed that Iridions replay value was low, while Curtiss wrote that the changing environments helped keep the game interesting. AllGames Skyler Miller called Iridion 3D nothing more than a technology demo. A more positive review came from GamePro, whose reviewer summed up his experience by writing that, "if you're looking for some classic shooter action on your new GBA, Iridion 3D will fit the bill nicely without blowing you away."
The sound design and music received praise. Cindi Lash of the Post-Gazette praised the soundtrack as demonstrating the promise of the Game Boy's hardware to leave "tinny carousel-like tunes" in the past. WiredLounge.com said that "The soundtrack is an instant classic, maybe even one of the best shooter scores ever." Concepcion noted that the game's mood-fitting "high-energy techno" was an oddity coming from a German game company.
Iridion 3D was one of the more successful third-party titles on the Game Boy Advance, paving the way for a sequel. Shin'en followed the game with Iridion II in 2003 and Nanostray in 2005. Iridion 3D was released on Steam on April 8, 2020, alongside Iridion II.
Notes
References
External links
Official site
2001 video games
Game Boy Advance games
Game Boy Advance-only games
Interplay Entertainment games
Majesco Entertainment games
Rail shooters
Shin'en Multimedia games
Single-player video games
Video games developed in Germany | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iridion%203D |
Kim Morgan Greene is an American actress, known for her performance as Channing Carter Colby in the Dynasty spin-off series The Colbys.
Greene played Nicole Love on Another World from 1983 to 1984, and later starred as Channing Carter Colby in season two of The Colbys. Greene appeared as Melissa Cassidy, a late-night radio talk-show host and sex therapist, on the crime drama Silk Stalkings, and played Cloe's mother Katie in the 2007 film Bratz.
In 2002, Greene played Roxie Hart in Chicago at the North Shore Music Theatre outside of Boston. Since 2018, Greene has been a member of the Broadway Theater Project.
References
External links
American film actresses
American soap opera actresses
American television actresses
Living people
Actors from North Carolina
21st-century American women
Year of birth missing (living people) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim%20Morgan%20Greene |
Anika Noni Rose (born September 6, 1972) is an American actress and singer. She is best known for voicing Tiana, Disney's first African-American princess, in The Princess and the Frog (2009). She was named a Disney Legend in 2011.
Rose starred as Lorrell Robinson in the Academy Award-winning film Dreamgirls (2006). She is also known for her performances in theatre, particularly for starring as Emmie Thibodeaux in the Broadway production of Caroline, or Change (2004), for which she won the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical, and Beneatha Younger in the Broadway revival of A Raisin in the Sun (2014), for which she was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play.
Early life
Rose was born in Bloomfield, Connecticut, to Claudia and John Rose, a corporate counsel. She attended Bloomfield High School, appearing in a school production during her freshman year. She earned a Bachelor's Degree in theatre from Florida A&M University, then studied drama at the American Conservatory Theater in San Francisco.
Career
Early career
Rose moved to New York without a job. After three months, she played the role of Rusty in Broadway's Footloose. She followed Footloose with numerous workshops and two musicals using pre-existing song catalogs, Eli's Comin''' Off-Broadway and Me and Mrs. Jones with Lou Rawls in Philadelphia. Both of the full-scale tuners were rumored for transfers, but neither made it anywhere after their limited engagements ended. Rose's big Broadway break was getting cast as Emmie Thibodeaux in Caroline, or Change. In 2004, she was awarded the Theatre World Award, the Lucille Lortel Award for Outstanding Featured Actress, and the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical for Caroline, or Change.
After her film debut, King of the Bingo Game, she played the role of Kaya in From Justin to Kelly in 2003 and performed in Temptation in 2004, followed by Surviving Christmas as a singer in the choir. In 2006, Rose starred in Dreamgirls as Lorrell Robinson with Beyoncé Knowles, Jennifer Hudson, Jamie Foxx, and Eddie Murphy. Rose appeared in the films Just Add Water and Razor.
Rose also starred alongside Jill Scott in The No. 1 Ladies Detective Agency directed by Anthony Minghella.
The Princess and the Frog
Rose is best known for her role in Disney's 2009 animated feature The Princess and the Frog as the voice of the lead character Tiana; the character is Disney's first African-American princess. Rose said at the time, "Not only is [Tiana] the first black princess, she's the first American princess. So, the scope and the significance is larger than people even realize." Rose added that she hoped her role in the film would help affirm young brown-skinned children by seeing someone who looks like them in a Disney film. The film being released in 2009, the same year that Barack Obama and Michelle Obama entered the White House was completely coincidental, according to the creators. But several commentators noted how the coincidence reinforced the positive portrayal of African-Americans.
Rose hosted a hometown screening of The Princess and the Frog for children from the Charter Oak Cultural Center, a non-profit multi-cultural arts center that provides free after-school programs in Hartford, Connecticut. Rose's performance in the film garnered one nomination for an NAACP Image Award and three nominations for the Black Reel Awards. She won the Black Reel Award for Best Outstanding Voice Performance.
Rose was named a Disney Legend on August 19, 2011. Rose said, "I always dreamed of being a voice in a Disney movie, but even in those dreams, I never once dreamed of being a princess... I feel like what an honor that this is and how the dream comes true, bigger and stronger than I had even imagined it."
Tiana's Bayou Adventure (2024)
In June 2020, Disney announced that they would be reworking their flume ride Splash Mountain in their U.S. theme parks with characters from The Princess and the Frog. Rose said, "It's thrilling. People are amped and ready. I think it's awesome, particularly now, to be reinvigorating her story." Disney has stated that the ride will take place after the events of the film, during Carnival season. Rose also added that she would love for Disney to create a Tiana's Palace Restaurant at the theme parks. "I've been looking forward to a Tiana's Palace for years... I have dreams of them partnering with [New Orleans'] Café du Monde on some real deal beignets, having some fantastic shrimp and grits and king cake during Mardi Gras season. And the occasional second line through the joint. Basically all the things I love!" In June 2022, Rose mentioned that she has been involved with discussions with Disney on what they want the ride to be like. In July 2022, Disney announced that the ride will be called Tiana's Bayou Adventure and will open in Disneyland and Magic Kingdom in late 2024. In September 2022, it was confirmed that Rose would reprise her role as Tiana for the ride. In January 2023, it was announced that Disneyland would convert its French Market Restaurant in the New Orleans Square section of the park into a Tiana's Palace restaurant. Tiana's Palace opened in September 2023.
2010s
In 2010, Rose played the role of Yasmine in the movie For Colored Girls directed by Tyler Perry and co-starring Phylicia Rashad and Janet Jackson. One critic described Rose's performance as "especially fierce". From 2010 to 2013, Rose had a guest-starring role in the legal TV drama The Good Wife. She played the role of Sara Tidwell in the A&E miniseries Bag of Bones in 2011, based on the Stephen King novel of the same name.
In 2012, she guest-starred in the "Gone Abie Gone" episode in season 24 of The Simpsons, voicing Abe Simpson's second wife, Rita LaFleur.
In 2014, Rose returned to Broadway in a revival of A Raisin in the Sun, receiving a nomination for the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play.
Rose played the adult Kizzy in two episodes of television's Roots, an adaptation of the novel by Alex Haley and remake of the 1977 miniseries. Critic Alan Sepinwall, in suggesting Emmy nominees to the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences, called her "one of the best parts of the outstanding Roots ensemble". She had a role in the Starz series Power and the leading role in the 2017 BET drama The Quad.
2020s
During the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown of 2020, Rose created a weekly series, Bedtime Stories for the Littles, where she read bedtime stories to small children to help ease their fear during the lockdown. Rose said, "I love reading to kids, and I wanted to give our little people something soft and soothing in this very jarring moment in time. I thought a bedtime story would be the perfect way. I can give my voice to the ones who know it best, without anyone leaving home." She also said that she wanted to help children act silly, use their imaginations, and find a love of books that Rose said she had as a child. As one of the stories in the series, Rose chose the Princess and the Frog book "Tiana's Growing Experiment."
In 2020, Rose starred in the Netflix musical Jingle Jangle: A Christmas Journey playing Jessica Jangle. Rose applauded the film's portrayal of black and brown professionals in an English Victorian setting.
In 2021, she played an affluent, unhappy lawyer who employs a young mother fleeing an abusive relationship in the Netflix limited series Maid.
Personal life
Rose married actor Jason Dirden in October 2022. The wedding, which was officiated by Colman Domingo, took place at the Paramour Estate in Los Angeles. The couple kept their nuptials a secret before announcing they were married in Brides'' magazine on January 16, 2023.
Filmography
Film
Television
Web
Video games
Stage
Awards and nominations
Notes
References
External links
Anika Noni Rose at the Disney Legends Website
1972 births
African-American actresses
American sopranos
American Conservatory Theater alumni
Florida A&M University alumni
Living people
Obie Award recipients
People from Bloomfield, Connecticut
Tony Award winners
20th-century American actresses
21st-century American actresses
American musical theatre actresses
American voice actresses
Audiobook narrators
Theatre World Award winners
20th-century African-American women singers
21st-century African-American women singers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anika%20Noni%20Rose |
The Front Royal Cardinals are a collegiate summer baseball team in Front Royal, Virginia, USA, playing in the northern division of the Valley Baseball League. They play their home games at Bing Crosby Stadium, which is located within the Warren County-run Gertrude E. Miller Recreational Park.
References
External links
Valley Baseball League
Front Royal Cardinal Baseball
Amateur baseball teams in Virginia
Valley Baseball League teams
Front Royal, Virginia
Baseball teams established in 1984
1984 establishments in Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front%20Royal%20Cardinals |
Ruslan Leont'evich Stratonovich () was a Russian physicist, engineer, and probabilist and one of the founders of the theory of stochastic differential equations.
Biography
Ruslan Stratonovich was born on 31 May 1930 in Moscow. He studied from 1947 at the Moscow State University, specializing in there under P. I. Kuznetsov on radio physics (a Soviet term for oscillation physics – including noise – in the broadest sense, but especially in the electromagnetic spectrum). In 1953 he graduated and came into contact with the mathematician Andrey Kolmogorov. In 1956 he received his doctorate on the application of the theory of correlated random points to the calculation of electronic noise. In 1969 he became professor of physics at the Moscow State University.
Research
Stratonovich invented a stochastic calculus which serves as an alternative to the Itō calculus; the Stratonovich calculus is most natural when physical laws are being considered. The Stratonovich integral appears in his stochastic calculus. Here, the Stratonovich integral is named after him (at the same time developed by Donald Fisk). He also solved the problem of optimal non-linear filtering based on his theory of conditional Markov processes, which was published in his papers in 1959 and 1960. The Kalman-Bucy (linear) filter (1961) is a special case of Stratonovich's filter.
The Hubbard-Stratonovich transformation in the theory of path integrals (or distribution functions of statistical mechanics) was introduced by him (and used by John Hubbard in solid state physics).
In 1965, he developed the theory of pricing information (Value of information), which describes decision-making situations in which it comes to the question of how much someone is going to pay for information.
Awards
Lomonosov Prize of the Moscow University, 1984
USSR State Prize, 1988
State Prize of the Russian Federation, 1996
See also
Filtering problem (stochastic processes)
Works
with P. I. Kuznetsov: The propagation of electromagnetic waves in multiconductor transmission lines, Pergamon Press 1964
Topics in the theory of random noise, 2 Volumes, Gordon and Breach, 1963, 1967
with P. I. Kuznetsov, V. I. Tikhonov: Nonlinear transformation of stochastic processes, Pergamon Press 1965
Conditional Markov processes and their application to the theory of optimal control, Elsevier 1968
Nonlinear Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics, 2 Volumes, Springer Series in Synergetics, 1992, 1994 (Volume 1: Linear and Nonlinear Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem, Volume 2: Advanced Theory)
References
Further reading
F V Bunkin et al., In memory of Ruslan Leont'evich Stratonovich, Physics-Uspekhi 40, 751–752, 1997 article
Professor R.L. Stratonovich: reminiscences of relatives, colleagues and friends edited by Yu. M. Romanovski, Publishing House of Computer Research Institute, Moscow-Izhevsk, 2007, 174 pages (in Russian). . This book contains the full list of Stratonovich's publications (monographs and journal papers, 185 items in total).
M. S. Yarlykov, Yu. A. Soloviev To the 80th Birthday of R. L. Stratonovich, Automation and Remote Control, Band 71, 2010, S. 1447–1450, Springer Link
1930 births
1997 deaths
Soviet mathematicians
Probability theorists
20th-century Russian mathematicians
Recipients of the USSR State Prize
State Prize of the Russian Federation laureates
Russian physicists
Moscow State University alumni
Academic staff of Moscow State University
Scientists from Moscow | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruslan%20Stratonovich |
For Screening Purposes Only is the debut studio album by UK dance-punk trio Test Icicles, released in 2005. It was critically praised for being unique and compelling in an increasingly homogenous indie music scene. Following the group's split in February 2006, the album remains Test Icicles' only LP.
Title
The name of the album is derived from the 1999 film Thicker Than Water. In the movie the phrase "For screening purposes only" appears on screen whenever any violence occurs in the film. Band member Rory Atwell has also stated that the first song on the album, "Your Biggest Mistake", is about the film.
Composition
The sounds on Screening Purposes fit somewhere between "cleaned-up" death-disco and "manicured" noise rock and dons "dance-punk verve and hardcore mayhem". It also digs into "hook-filled, slash-and burn" post-hardcore.
However, the trio bring in eclectic sounds of avant-pop, doom metal, funk and hip hop throughout.
Track listing
Track listings and writing credits.
"Your Biggest Mistake" - 4:01 (Sam Mehran)
"Pull the Lever" - 3:58 (Rory Attwell)
"Interlude" - 0:52 (Instrumental)
"Boa vs. Python" - 3:02 (Sam Mehran)
"Circle. Square. Triangle" - 3:06 (Sam Mehran, Rory Attwell, Devonte Hynes)
"Catch It!" - 3:38 (lyrics by Devonte Hynes, music by Sam Mehran)
"Maintain the Focus" - 3:35 (Sam Mehran)
"Snowball" – 3:12 (Rory Attwell)
"What's Your Damage?" - 4:09 (Sam Mehran)
"All You Need Is Blood" - 4:07 (Devonte Hynes + reversed rap by Sam Mehran)
"Sharks" – 3:42 (Sam Mehran)
"Dancing on Pegs" - 2:16 (Rory Attwell)
"Party on Dudes (Get Hype)" - 12:30 (Sam Mehran)
"What's Michelle Like?" (Sam Mehran, Rory Attwell, Devonte Hynes) (US Bonus Track) (UK Hidden Track)
"What's In the Box?" (Rory Attwell) (US Bonus Track)
""Circle. Square. Triangle (MC Lars Edit)" - 3:06 (Sam Mehran, Rory Attwell, Devonte Hynes) (Japan Bonus Track)
""Circle. Square. Triangle (James Ford Remix)" - 3:14 (Sam Mehran, Rory Attwell, Devonte Hynes) (Japan Bonus Track)
References
2005 debut albums
Domino Recording Company albums
Test Icicles albums
Albums produced by James Ford (musician)
Dev Hynes albums | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/For%20Screening%20Purposes%20Only |
Tommy McCook (3 March 1927 – 5 May 1998) was a Jamaican saxophonist. A founding member of The Skatalites, he also directed The Supersonics for Duke Reid, and backed many sessions for Bunny Lee or with The Revolutionaries at Channel One Studios in the 1970s.
Biography
While some sources claim that McCook was born in Havana, Cuba, and moved to Jamaica in 1933, others claim that he was born in Kingston, Jamaica. He took up the tenor saxophone at eleven, as a pupil at the Alpha School, and eventually joined Eric Deans' Orchestra.
In 1954, he left for an engagement in Nassau, Bahamas, after which he ended up in Miami, Florida, and it was here that McCook first heard John Coltrane and fell in love with jazz. McCook returned to Jamaica in early 1962, where he was approached by a few local producers to do some recordings. Eventually, he consented to record a jazz session for Clement "Coxson" Dodd, which was issued on the album Jazz Jamaica. His first ska recording was an adaptation of Ernest Gold’s "Exodus", recorded in November 1963 with musicians who would soon make up the Skatalites.
In 1968, he lead Tommy McCook & The Supersonics, featuring Jackie Jackson on bass guitar.
During the 1960s and 1970s, McCook recorded with the majority of prominent reggae artists of the era, working particularly with producers Clement "Coxson" Dodd as well as Bunny Lee, and his house band, The Aggrovators, as well as being featured prominently in the recordings of Yabby You and the Prophets (most notably on version sides and extended disco mixes), all while still performing and recording with the variety of line ups under the Skatalites name.
When McCook was bandleader for The Supersonics, the band included bassist Jackie Jackson and drummer Paul Douglas, who became the rhythm section for Toots and the Maytals, when the era of reggae emerged from rocksteady.
McCook died of pneumonia and heart failure, aged 71, in Atlanta, on 5 May 1998.
Discography
Top Secret - 1969 - Techniques
Horny Dub - 1976 - Grounation
Reggae In Jazz - 1976 - Eve
Cookin' Shuffle - Jamaica Authentic
Hot Lava
The Authentic Ska Sound of Tommy McCook - Moon Records (1998)
Down On Bond Street - Trojan Records (1999)
Tommy's Last Stand - Creole - 2001
Blazing Horns - Tenor In Roots - 1976-1978 - Blood & Fire (2003)
Real Cool - 1966-1977 - Trojan Records (2005)
With The Skatalites
Tommy McCook & The Skatalites - The Skatalite! - 1969 - Treasure Island
With Bobby Ellis
Green Mango - 1974 - Attack
Blazing Horns - 1977 - Grove Music
With The Aggrovators
Brass Rockers - 1975 - Striker Lee
Cookin' - 1975 - Horse/Trojan
King Tubby Meets The Aggrovators At Dub Station - 1975 - Live and Love
Show Case - 1975 - Culture Press (1997)
Disco Rockers (aka Hot Lava) - 1977 - Dynamic Sound
Instrumental Reggae - RAS (1992)
With Yabby You
Yabby You Meets Tommy McCook In Dub - Peacemaker
Yabby You Meets Sly & Robie Along With Tommy McCook - Prophets
With Herbie Mann
Reggae (Atlantic, 1973)
Reggae II (Atlantic, 1973 [1976])
References
External links
Discography at Discogs
King Tubby Meets The Agrovators At Dub Station album review
Jamaican reggae musicians
Jamaican saxophonists
Male saxophonists
Jamaican ska musicians
Cuban emigrants
Immigrants to Jamaica
The Skatalites members
1927 births
1998 deaths
Musicians from Havana
Island Records artists
Trojan Records artists
Rocksteady musicians
20th-century saxophonists
20th-century male musicians | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tommy%20McCook |
Ingo Appelt (born 11 December 1961 in Innsbruck) is an Austrian bobsledder who competed from the late 1980s to early 1992.
He was Bobsleigh World Cup combined men's champion in 1987–8, and four-man champion in 1987-8 and 1988–9. Competing in two Winter Olympics, Appelt won the gold medal in the four-man event at Albertville in 1992. He also won a bronze medal in the four-man event at the 1990 FIBT World Championships in St. Moritz. Appelt retired from bobsledding at the 1992 games.
Appelt became a Member of Tyrolean Parliament for the Freedom Party of Austria, but meanwhile he works again as a jeweller and jewellery designer in Fulpmes.
References
Bobsleigh four-man Olympic medalists for 1924, 1932-56, and since 1964
Bobsleigh four-man world championship medalists since 1930
DatabaseOlympics.com profile
List of combined men's bobsleigh World Cup champions: 1985-2007
List of four-man bobsleigh World Cup champions since 1985
1961 births
Sportspeople from Innsbruck
Living people
Austrian male bobsledders
Austrian jewellers
Austrian politicians
Bobsledders at the 1988 Winter Olympics
Bobsledders at the 1992 Winter Olympics
Olympic bobsledders for Austria
Olympic gold medalists for Austria
Olympic medalists in bobsleigh
Medalists at the 1992 Winter Olympics
Recipients of the Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingo%20Appelt |
Galleywood is a village surrounded by countryside in Essex; it is situated on the outskirts of the city of Chelmsford, about 30 miles from London. The A12 trunk road passes nearby, which connects to the M25 in London. Galleywood sits astride a Roman road running south from Chelmsford towards Vange Creek; currently, the B1007 Stock Road and B1009 Beehive Lane run through it. Galleywood was a part of the Great Baddow parish, comprising two villages or hamlets: Galleywood and Galleyend, about a mile apart.
Galleywood has a population of 5,757 and has a higher percentage of retired citizens than the national average.
Galleywood Common is approximately 400 yards in width and one mile in length, consisting of open fields and woodland. It also has St. Michael's Church in the woodland, which is visible for many miles around.
History
Galleywood dates back to early medieval times and was recorded in 1250 as Gauelwode (Galleywood Common), a hamlet of Great Baddow, part of an ancient forest interspersed with open scrubland.
In early-Victorian times the village was centred on The Eagle crossroads, The Street and Well Lane, education being provided by a school that doubled as a Chapel of Ease on Sundays and by a Methodist chapel built in Well Lane.
Council housing was developed in the 1920s, with major building programmes during the early 1960s and through the 1970s. Private development was carried out concurrently and continued over the following three decades. The population has grown from under 800 in 1851 to around 1,000 in 1951 and to over 6,000 in 2004.
From all approaches Galleywood is separated either by open farmland, wooded slopes or green areas, free from ribbon development, giving a true rural feel to visitors and residents alike. Within the village outskirts there are several surviving long established working farms, some with buildings dating back to the 14th century.
The civil parish of Galleywood covers an area of 2200 acres and was established in 1987, with the transference of responsibility from Great Baddow to the newly created Galleywood Parish Council.
Galleywood Common
Galleywood Common comprises 175 acres and was declared a Local Nature Reserve in 1993. The common and the adjacent woods form a habitat for a wide range of wildlife including grass-snakes, adders, lizards, slow-worms, squirrels, badgers, foxes, wood-peckers and a wide variety of butterflies and moths and the heathland woodland and pond insects. It is an ancient man-made landscape, first recorded in Domesday (1086). The Common has a very strong character and has always been an important feature of the hamlet around which the village grew, providing grazing land, furze and wood for gathering and gravel for building and road making. The Common has had many uses throughout the ages:
Defensive fortifications during the Napoleonic Wars (1803–1813)
A large star-shaped Fort with artillery batteries, redoubts and earthwork fortifications were built on the racecourse astride the Margaretting Road in response to an invasion threat by French forces on the Essex coast. These defence works were decommissioned around 1813.
Galleywood Racecourse (1759–1935)
The historic Galleywood Racecourse on Galleywood Common in the Borough of Chelmsford, Essex was the scene of the Chelmsford Races for at least 176 years. It was one of the oldest English racecourses. Although records show existence in 1759, other reports indicate that racing took place there much earlier. Various members of royalty journeyed to Chelmsford Races including Edward VII. There was a siding for the racecourse at the railway nearby on New Road adjacent to Hylands, where horses and important visitors would arrive.
The racecourse was renowned for its beauty and it was popular but the fact that it crossed main roads four times caused difficulties by the late 1930s. It was occupied by the Army and closed during WW2 and with more road traffic, re-opening for races in 1945 became impossible.
Chelmsford Golf Course (1893–1912)
In 1893 when the 9-hole golf course, designed by Tom Dunn, opened on Galleywood Common the game bore little relation to what it is today. It was played with a gutta-percha ball and clubs with hickory shafts hence the seemingly generous “Par”
score allocations for each hole.
Cyril Yorker who caddied in 1910 described the course as no Gleneagles or Wentworth, just a great expanse of gorse and heather where more time was spent hunting for the balls than actually playing.
Chelmsford Golf Club was constituted in 1893 and played on Galleywood Common until they moved to Widford in 1912.
Brickworks
Brick making in the 19th and early-20th centuries
Army Training Ground and Artillery Defences (1914–1918)
The Grandstand and the Common were taken over by the Army for the duration of the First World War.
Army Training Ground and Anti-Aircraft Defences (1939–1945)
The Grandstand and the Common were taken over by the Army for the duration of the Second World War. Training of the Galleywood Home Guard took place on Galleywood Common. There was a rifle range, training grounds with many types of terrain, scrubland, gorse bushes, ferns, hills, dense woodland and farmland. There was an aircraft observation unit, anti-aircraft guns and searchlights. There were also military communications facilities which many say included radar aerials.
Racecourse
Galleywood's racecourse was first formally mentioned in 1770. In that year, the track's main event was granted the title of the "Queen's Plate" by King George III.
The racecourse began to fall into decline from the late 19th and 20th centuries. It was bought for housing land after World War II although parts of the racecourse remain around the common. It was the only racecourse in the country to go around a church.
Schools
There are three schools in Galleywood: Galleywood Infants School, St. Michael's C of E Junior School and The Thriftwood School.
Services
Galleywood has a local library and Civic Hall.
Parks
Galleywood is home to Chelmer Park, which has facilities for hockey, football, netball, tennis, cricket and rounders. It is the home of Chelmsford Hockey Club, the Chelmsford Cricket Club, Galleywood Cricket Club and the Galleywood Football Club. The park extends to over 50 acres and includes two playground areas for young children and toddlers. There is also a small apple orchard, a remnant of the historic land use.
Galleywood has Jubilee Recreational Park with a playground area and is the meeting point for Galleywood Scouts.
References
External links
Galleywood Information
Galleywood
Villages in Essex | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galleywood |
The DeSoto Airflow was an automobile built by DeSoto during model years 1934, 1935 and 1936. DeSoto received the then-revolutionary Airflow model due to its price structure relationship to larger and more expensive Chrysler brand cars. The 1934 Airflow models are noted for their unique styling. They generate interest for their engineering innovations. It has a wheelbase.
The Desoto Airflow was a result of Chrysler Corporation policy of badge engineering, being mechanically identical to the Chrysler Airflow.
Airflow streamlining
This aerodynamic, radically designed car debuted to much fanfare alongside its more luxurious stablemate, the Chrysler Airflow. From the front bumper back, the Airflow's design represented the first major attempt to smooth away the wind catching objects and channels found on cars of the era. Headlights were moved from their traditional pods forward of the radiator, and housed in flush mountings on either side of the broad waterfall-styled grille, which lacked the traditional upright radiator throat and decorative cap ornament. In place of the flat windshield that most cars had (and which caught the brunt of on coming winds as cars moved through the atmosphere), the Airflow split the windshield into two panes of glass, each angled to better redirect the air around them, while the upscale Imperial offered a one piece curved glass windshield on the limousine starting 1934. Front and rear fenders received smoother, more form fitting curves. In the rear, Airflows encased the rear wheels through the use of fender skirts.
In addition to the benefits of its smoother exterior design, which translated into a quieter passenger compartment than on previous DeSoto models, the car featured wider front seats and deeper back seats with more leg room. Passengers sat on seats which were a good distance from either axle. They reminded one of a Victorian era davenport (sofa).
Because of the car's unibody construction, passengers rode within the frame of the car, not on top of the frame as they did with most other American makes. It also boasted a stiffer body and better weight distribution through the engine placement over the front wheels, in contrast to the common practice of placing the center of the engine's gravity just behind the front wheels. The automotive press gave the cars positive reviews for their handling and acceleration.
Marketing failure
DeSoto (and Chrysler) touted all of its Airflow bodies as "futuristic" in an age of streamlining, but the public found the cars to be too different in a time of economic uncertainty. While Chrysler's cars looked better, with the Airflow bodies stretched over their longer wheelbases, the shorter 115" wheelbase of the DeSoto made the cars seem bulky. Walter P. Chrysler, who had been a strong proponent of the Airflow project, was stunned by the lack of interest in the car, which he believed pointed the way for the future of American cars.
Interest in the Airflow was strong when it was introduced. Unfilled orders for it totaled 15,580 on April 30, 1934. This was 48.3% of comparable Chrysler and DeSoto shipments in 1933.
In May 1936 the DeSoto Airflow began to be promoted in some 435 newspapers in the United States. The highly streamlined car was advertised together with more traditional Airstream cars in general magazines and by itself in class magazines. The DeSoto advertising account was managed by J. Sterling Getchell.
Rumors persisted that the Airflow's body was unsafe. Tests showed its all-steel uni-body construction safer than those of other cars made at the time (most automotive manufacturers still used wooden sub-framing over which steel skins were applied for their car bodies). In one widely distributed advertising film shown in movie theatres, an empty Airflow was pushed off a Pennsylvania cliff, falling over ; once righted, the car was driven off, battered, but recognizable. Still, the myth persisted that Airflows were unsafe.
While Chrysler still built a more familiar-looking car in 1934, DeSoto only offered the Airflow. Despite DeSoto selling more Airflows than Chrysler, Chrysler sold more cars overall with the majority being the redesign of the 1933 "regular" Chrysler.
For 1935 and 1936, Chrysler added the more traditional DeSoto Airstream, which it shared with Chrysler, and DeSoto regained a portion of its lost market share. While the Airflow was still offered, the bulk of DeSoto's sales were Airstreams and the Airflow was relegated to the back of the DeSoto catalog.
Those buyers who did choose the Airflow found that their models carried a more prominent peaked grille design. Other than cosmetic changes (hood louvers, etc.) the cars remained unchanged.
While Chrysler continued to use the Airflow body through 1937, Chrysler discontinued the DeSoto Airflow in 1936 and introduced the DeSoto Airstream so as to focus on more traditional designs and the higher sales volume that they brought the division.
See also
DeSoto Airstream
Chrysler Airflow
Toyota AA
References
Airflow
Rear-wheel-drive vehicles
Coupés
Sedans
Cars introduced in 1934 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DeSoto%20Airflow |
The following is a list of current and former destinations served by Virgin Atlantic and its subsidiary Virgin Atlantic International .
Passenger
Cargo
In addition to the previously listed destinations served with scheduled passenger service, Virgin Atlantic has also operated scheduled, cargo-only flights on its passenger aircraft to the following destinations :
References
Lists of airline destinations
Virgin Atlantic
SkyTeam destinations | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Virgin%20Atlantic%20destinations |
A closed-circuit television camera is a type of surveillance camera that transmits video signals to a specific set of monitors or video recording devices, rather than broadcasting the video over public airwaves. The term "closed-circuit" indicates that the video feed is only accessible to a limited number of people or devices with authorized access. Cameras can be either analog or digital. Walter Bruch was the inventor of the CCTV camera.
Video cameras
Video cameras are either analogue or digital, which means that they work on the basis of sending analogue or digital signals to a storage device such as a video tape recorder or desktop computer or laptop computer.
Analogue
These cameras can record straight to a video tape recorder which can record analogue signals as pictures. If the analogue signals are recorded to tape, then the tape must run at a very slow speed in order to operate continuously. This is because to allow a three-hour tape to run for 24 hours, it must be set to run on a slow time-lapse basis, usually about four frames per second. In one second, the camera scene can change dramatically. A person for example can have walked a distance of 1 meter, and therefore if the distance is divided into four parts, i.e. four frames or "snapshots" in time, then each frame invariably looks like a blur, unless the subject keeps relatively still.
Analogue signals can also be converted into a digital signal to enable the recordings to be stored on a PC as digital recordings. In that case, the analogue video camera must be plugged directly into a video capture card in the computer, and the card then converts the analogue signal to digital. These cards are relatively cheap, but inevitably the resulting digital signals are compressed 5:1 (MPEG compression) for the video recordings to be saved on a continuous basis.
Another way to store recordings on a non-analogue media is through the use of a digital video recorder (DVR). Such a device is similar in functionality to a PC with a capture card and appropriate video recording software. Unlike PCs, most DVRs designed for CCTV purposes are embedded devices that require less maintenance and simpler setup than a PC-based solution, for a medium to a large number of analogue cameras.
Some DVRs also allow digital broadcasting of the video signal, thus acting like a network camera. If a device does allow broadcasting of the video, but does not record it, then it's called a video server. These devices effectively turn any analogue camera (or any analogue video signal) into a network TV.
Digital
These cameras do not require a video capture card because they work using a digital signal which can be saved directly to a computer. The signal is compressed 5:1, but DVD quality can be achieved with more compression (MPEG-2 is standard for DVD-video, and has a higher compression ratio than 5:1, with a slightly lower video quality than 5:1 at best, and is adjustable for the amount of space to be taken up versus the quality of picture needed or desired). The highest picture quality of DVD is only slightly lower than the quality of basic 5:1-compression DV.
Saving uncompressed digital recordings takes up an enormous amount of hard drive space, and a few hours of uncompressed video could quickly fill up a hard drive. Uncompressed recordings may look fine but one could not run uncompressed quality recordings on a continuous basis. Motion detection is therefore sometimes used as a workaround solution to record in uncompressed quality.
However, in any situation where standard-definition video cameras are used, the quality is going to be poor because the maximum pixel resolution of the image chips in most of these devices is 320,000 pixels (analogue quality is measured in TV lines but the results are the same); they generally capture horizontal and vertical fields of lines and blend them together to make a single frame; the maximum frame rate is normally 30 frames per second.
Multi-megapixel IP-CCTV cameras can capture video images at resolutions of several megapixels. Unlike with analogue cameras, details such as number plates are easily readable. At 11 megapixels, forensic quality images are made where each hand on a person can be distinguished. Because of the much higher resolutions available with these types of cameras, they can be set up to cover a wide area where normally several analogue cameras would have been needed.
Network
IP cameras or network cameras are digital video cameras, plus an embedded video server having an IP address, capable of streaming the video (and sometimes, even audio).
Because network cameras are embedded devices, and do not need to output an analogue signal, resolutions higher than closed-circuit television 'CCTV' analogue cameras are possible. A typical analogue CCTV camera has a PAL (768x576 pixels) or NTSC (720x480 pixels), whereas network cameras may have VGA (640x480 pixels), SVGA (800x600 pixels) or quad-VGA (1280x960 pixels, also referred to as "megapixel") resolutions.
An analogue or digital camera connected to a video server acts as a network camera, but the image size is restricted to that of the video standard of the camera. However, optics (lenses and image sensors), not video resolution, are the components that determine the image quality.
Network cameras can be used for very cheap surveillance solutions (requiring one network camera, some Ethernet cabling, and one PC), or to replace entire CCTV installations (cameras become network cameras, tape recorders become DVRs, and CCTV monitors become computers with TFT screens and specialised software. Digital video manufacturers claim that turning CCTV installations into digital video installations is inherently better).
Gallery of security cameras in use at landmarks
See also
Closed-circuit television
Network camera
Trail camera
References
External links
CCTV Surveillance
Video surveillance
Surveillance | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed-circuit%20television%20camera |
Methoprene is a juvenile hormone (JH) analog which acts as a growth regulator when used as an insecticide. It is an amber-colored liquid with a faint fruity odor.
Methoprene does not kill insects. Instead, it interferes with an insect’s life cycle and prevents it from reaching maturity or
reproducing. Juvenile growth hormones must be absent for a pupa to molt to an adult, so methoprene-treated larvae will be unable to successfully change from pupae to adults. This breaks the biological life cycle of the insect, preventing recurring infestation.
Methoprene is considered a biological pesticide because rather than controlling target pests through direct toxicity, methoprene interferes with an insect’s lifecycle and prevents it from reaching maturity or reproducing.
Applications
Methoprene is used in the production of a number of foods, including meat, milk, mushrooms, peanuts, rice, and cereals. It also has several uses on domestic animals (pets) for controlling fleas.
It is used in drinking water cisterns to control mosquitoes which spread dengue fever and malaria. Methoprene is commonly used as a mosquito larvicide used to help stop the spread of the West Nile virus.
Methoprene is also used as a food additive in cattle feed to prevent fly breeding in the manure.
Health and Safety Issues
According to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS), methoprene is a material that may be irritating to the mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract, may be harmful by inhalation, ingestion, or skin absorption, may cause eye, skin, or respiratory system irritation and is very toxic to aquatic life. The GHS signal word is "Warning," with notes such as P273 Avoid release into the environment and P391 collect spillage.
Methoprene is suspected to be highly toxic to lobsters.
References
External links
Methoprene Pesticide Fact Sheet - Environmental Protection Agency
Methoprene Pesticide Information Profile - Extension Toxicology Network
Insecticides
Carboxylate esters
Ethers
Dienes
Isopropyl esters | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methoprene |
Dissent from the Living Room is an album released independently by Matthew Ryan in 2002.
Track listing
All words and music by Matthew Ryan, except where noted.
"The Little Things" – 2:26
"Such a Sad Satellite" – 4:34
"Fd29yrblues" – 2:32
"After the Last Day of a Heat Wave" (Matthew Ryan, David Ricketts) – 3:23
"Demoland Part 1" – 4:49
"Emergency Room Machines Say Breathe" – 7:23
"No Going Back" – 5:29
"The Ballad of So and So" – 4:07
"Anymore" – 3:41
"Happy for You" – 4:32
"Into the Sourdays" – 3:15
"Demoland Part 2" – 3:47
"Elise Is the 13th Disciple?" – 2:48
2002 albums
Matthew Ryan (musician) albums | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissent%20from%20the%20Living%20Room |
Todd Stauffer is co-founder and publisher of the Jackson Free Press in Jackson, Mississippi, and author of 40 nonfiction books on a variety of computer-related topics. He lives with his partner, journalist and editor Donna Ladd.
Stauffer and Ladd started the Jackson Free Press in 2002. They took the name from The Mississippi Free Press, a now-defunct investigative civil rights newspaper from the 1960s. The Jackson Free Press, which is free of charge and is supported entirely by advertising revenue, has a weekly circulation of 17,000. The most recent Media Audit figures indicate an actual readership of approximately 50,000, and its active Web site, which launched on a blogging platform in 2002, receives more than 500,000 page views per month.
In 2006, Stauffer received national attention for leading an effort to fight the efforts of the Gannett Company to control the distribution of locally owned publications in Mississippi. Stauffer became president of a new alliance to counter Gannett's efforts, called the Mississippi Independent Publisher's Association. Editor & Publisher magazine interviewed Stauffer about his efforts and wrote an editorial calling for Gannett to "halt" the TDN distribution scheme, which E&P called a violation of "the First Amendment right to distribute papers without unreasonable interference.
Stauffer, a critic of corporate media, received an Association of Alternative Newsweeklies award for his media criticism.
Stauffer wrote one of the earliest books on blogging and is now a national consultant for publications seeking to transition to the Internet, speaking at national and state newspaper gatherings, from the Association of Alternative Newsweeklies to the New York Press Association.
Stauffer is also a long-time media personality. He was co-host of the Emmy-winning "Disk Doctors" show on Knowledge TV in the 1990s. He was the host of Peak Computing Radio Hour in Denver, Colorado, and is currently the host of Radio JFP on WLEZ-FM in Jackson.
References
American technology writers
American publishers (people)
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Todd%20Stauffer |
Gatifloxacin (brand names Gatiflo, Tequin, and Zymar) is an antibiotic of the fourth-generation fluoroquinolone family, that like other members of that family, inhibits the bacterial enzymes DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV.
It was patented in 1986 and approved for medical use in 1999.
Side effects
A Canadian study published in the New England Journal of Medicine in March 2006, claimed that Tequin can have significant side effects including dysglycemia. An editorial by
Jerry Gurwitz in the same issue called for the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to consider giving Tequin a black box warning. This editorial followed distribution of a letter dated February 15 by Bristol-Myers Squibb to health care providers indicating action taken with the FDA to strengthen warnings for the medication. Subsequently, Bristol-Myers Squibb reported it would stop manufacture of Tequin, end sales of the drug after existing stockpiles were exhausted, and return all rights to Kyorin.
By contrast, ophthalmic gatifloxacin is generally well tolerated. The observed systemic concentration of the drug following oral administration of 400 mg (0.01 ounces) gatifloxacin is approximately 800 times higher than that of the 0.5% gatifloxacin eye drop. Given as an eye drop, gatifloxacin has very low systemic exposure. Therefore, the systemic exposures resulting from the gatifloxacin ophthalmic solution are not likely to pose any risk for systemic toxicities.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity
Society and culture
Availability
Gatifloxacin is currently available in the US and Canada only as an ophthalmic solution.
In 2011, the Union Health and Family Welfare Ministry of India banned the manufacture, sale, and distribution of gatifloxacin because of its adverse side effects.
In China, gatifloxacin is sold in tablet as well as in eye drop formulations.
Brand names
Bristol-Myers Squibb introduced gatifloxacin in 1999 under the proprietary name Tequin for the treatment of respiratory tract infections, having licensed the medication from Kyorin Pharmaceutical Company of Japan. Allergan produces it in eye-drop formulation under the names Zymar, Zymaxid and Zylopred. In many countries, gatifloxacin is also available as tablets and in various aqueous solutions for intravenous therapy.
References
Fluoroquinolone antibiotics
Withdrawn drugs
1,4-di-hydro-7-(1-piperazinyl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acids
AbbVie brands
Phenol ethers
Cyclopropanes
Anti-tuberculosis drugs | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gatifloxacin |
Darwinian Fairytales is a 1995 book by the philosopher David Stove, in which the author criticizes application of the theory of evolution as an explanation for sociobiological behavior such as altruism.
The book was originally published by Avebury in 1995 and republished by Encounter Books in 2006.
Reception
Criticism of the book has come from the biologist Michael Ghiselin:
"Much of what he says is completely wrong. According to his version, organisms invariably reproduce as much as possible. And yet, contrary to what he says, there is nothing contrary to the theory as it is taught to undergraduate biology students, when older males prevents younger ones from getting access to females. It is straight-forward consequence of competition for a finite number of mates. Nor does there exist, as he claims, any contradiction in the fact that organisms defer reproduction until they reach a certain age and size; they are accumulating capital."
See also
Darwinism
Richard Dawkins
The Selfish Gene
Memes
References
External links
Publisher's page with introduction by Roger Kimball
J. Franklin, Stove's anti-Darwinism
1995 non-fiction books
Books about Charles Darwin
Books about evolution
Books by David Stove
English-language books | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darwinian%20Fairytales |
Dancers is a 1987 film directed by Herbert Ross and stars Mikhail Baryshnikov and Julie Kent. The film received scathing reviews upon release.
Plot
The story revolves around a ballet dancer who is planning to make a film version of the ballet Giselle, and how his romance with a young woman parallels the plotline of the ballet.
Cast
Mikhail Baryshnikov as Tony
Alessandra Ferri as Francesca
Leslie Browne as Nadine
Tommy Rall as Tommy Rall
Lynn Seymour as Muriel
Victor Barbee as Wade
Mariangela Melato as Countess
Julie Kent as Lisa
Gianmarco Tognazzi as Guido
References
External links
1987 films
1980s dance films
American dance films
Films directed by Herbert Ross
1987 romantic drama films
Films scored by Pino Donaggio
Films about ballet
Golan-Globus films
Films produced by Menahem Golan
Films produced by Yoram Globus
1980s English-language films
1980s American films | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dancers%20%28film%29 |
The Woodstock River Bandits are a collegiate summer baseball team in Woodstock, Virginia. They play in the Northern division of the Valley Baseball League.
In the 2007 Valley League Baseball Playoffs, the River Bandits received the Number 8 seed, but were eliminated by the Waynesboro Generals in the first round. 2012 The River Bandits made it to the second round of the playoffs, but lost to Winchester in the second round. 2013 The River Bandits lost in the first round of the playoffs against Aldie. In 2014 The River Bandits missed the playoffs finishing 10th out of 11th in the VBL. The Bandits made the playoffs in 2015 as the #4 seed. They were eliminated in the first round of the playoffs by the Front Royal Cardinals. In 2016, the Bandits finished at a franchise worst 11-31. The worst in the league since Rockbridge back in 2009. In 2018 Woodstock went a league history worst 5-37 finishing last in the VBL. Woodstock hires Mike Bocock to lead the team in 2019, Bocock already an inductee in the VBL Hall of Fame. In 2019, Woodstock finished the regular season with a 25-17 record, finishing 2nd in the VBL Northern division behind the Strasburg Express. The River Bandits reached the playoffs, but were knocked off in the Northern division finals by Strasburg.
External links
Woodstock River Bandits
Valley Baseball League
Woodstock River Bandits Facebook
Amateur baseball teams in Virginia
Valley Baseball League teams
Shenandoah County, Virginia
Baseball teams established in 2004
2004 establishments in Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodstock%20River%20Bandits |
Title X: Miscellaneous is the last of ten titles which comprise the USA PATRIOT Act, a bill passed in the United States after the September 11, 2001 attacks. It contains 16 sections that do not fall under other titles in the act.
Sec. 1001. Review of the Department of Justice.
The Inspector General of the Department of Justice will appoint a single official who will handle all civil rights and civil liberties abuse claims. Contact information for the official will be made public through the internet, television, and radio.
Sec. 1002. Sense of congress.
Congress finds that all Americans condemn the attacks of September 11, 2001. Also, Sikh-Americans should not be discriminated against.
Sec. 1003. Definition of 'electronic surveillance'.
In FISA, one of the definitions of electronic surveillance is amended to read: "Electronic surveillance is the acquisition by an electronic, mechanical, or other surveillance device of the contents of any wire communication to or from a person in the United States, without the consent of any party thereto, if such acquisition occurs in the United States, but does not include the acquisition of those communications of computer trespassers that would be permissible under section 2511 (2)(i) of title 18." There are 3 other definitions of electronic surveillance in FISA.
Sec. 1004. Venue in money laundering cases.
The jurisdiction and venue for prosecution of money laundering is expanded to allow for arrest and prosecution in any area that money laundering takes place or where transactions are made.
Sec. 1005. First responders assistance act.
Up to $25 million is allowed to be appropriated each year from 2003 to 2007 for state-level terrorism prevention and anti-terrorism training grants.
Sec. 1006. Inadmissibility of aliens engaged in money laundering.
Aliens who are known to have participated in money laundering or are attempting to enter the U.S. to participate in money laundering may not be admitted into the United States.
Sec. 1007. Authorization of funds for DEA police training in South and Central Asia
President Bush must provide at least $5 million in 2002 to the Republic of Turkey for drug enforcement and South and East Asia for chemical controls.
Sec. 1008. Feasibility study on use of biometric identifier scanning system with access to the FBI integrated automated fingerprint identification system at overseas consular posts and points of entry to the United States.
The Attorney General will create a study on the feasibility of using biometric identifiers to identify people as they attempt to enter the United States. It will be connected to the FBI's database to flag suspected criminals.
Sec. 1009. Study of access.
Up to $250,000 will be provided to the FBI so it can provide a computer-based list of suspected terrorists' names to the airlines.
Sec. 1010. Temporary authority to contract with local and State governments for performance of security functions at United States military installations.
The Department of Defense's funding may be used for private contracts for security purposes.
Sec. 1011. Crimes against charitable Americans.
Charity fraud is amended. Solicitors must promptly tell the person they call that they are calling to solicit money or something else of value.
Sec. 1012. Limitation on issuance of hazmat licenses
Before getting a license to transport hazardous materials, the driver must have a background check and demonstrate that he or she is fit to handle the materials.
Sec. 1013. Expressing the sense of the senate concerning the provision of funding for bioterrorism preparedness and response.
The Senate feels that the United States is not prepared to defend against terrorist attacks and must put an effort into preparing at all levels from city to state to federal.
Sec. 1014. Grant program for State and local domestic preparedness support.
States will receive money to buy equipment and training for first responders (police, fire, ambulance.).
Sec. 1015. Expansion and reauthorization of the crime identification technology act for antiterrorism grants to States and localities.
Extends the $250,000 yearly appropriations for counter-terrorism grants to states and territories from 2003 to 2007.
Sec. 1016. Critical infrastructures protection.
Title X | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Title%20X%20of%20the%20Patriot%20Act |
Hopeless to Hopeful... is an album released by Matthew Ryan in December 2002. It was recorded in his own home.
Track listing
All words and music by Matthew Ryan.
"Rain, Rain, Rain" – 1:32
"Song for Sons" – 2:48
"Veteran's Day" – 3:25
"I'm an American" – 2:56
"Everybody Always Leaves" – 2:54
"I Can't Steal You" – 4:04
"This Side of Heaven" – 2:26
"Postcard to Useless" – 3:57
"Little Drummer Boy" – 4:45
"From the Floor" – 3:44
2002 albums
Matthew Ryan (musician) albums | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hopeless%20to%20Hopeful |
Matteo Carlo Ardemagni (born 26 March 1987) is an Italian footballer who plays as a forward for Serie D club Chieti.
Career
Milan
A product of Milan's youth team, he has made a few appearances as a substitute for their Serie A team. He was then sent on loan to various Serie C1 teams, namely Perugia, Pizzighettone and Pro Patria, before being ultimately sold to Serie B side Triestina in July 2008 in a co-ownership agreement with the alabardati, for €5,000. In June 2009 Triestina bought him outright for another €50,000.
Cittadella
In summer 2009 Ardemagni left for Cittadella in a temporary deal as its flagship striker Riccardo Meggiorini left for Bari (via Internazionale and Genoa). Ardemagni was the team top-scorer in 2009–10 season with 22 goals.
Atalanta
In June 2010, Cittadella bought him in a co-ownership deal, for €100,000, but on 13 July 2010 he was sold to fellow Serie B side Atalanta for €3.55 million (€1.45 million to Triestina, €2.1 million to Cittadella, as well as cost extra €200,000 to Atalanta) which were recently relegated from Serie A. It was reported that Chievo also made a bid to Triestina but Atalanta agreed a deal with Cittadella. He signed a 4-year contract. As part of the deal, Cittadella signed Manolo Gabbiadini and Daniele Gasparetto in a co-ownership deal for a small fee of €500 each on 13 July.
In January 2011 he was loaned to Padova. He returned to Serie B again in January 2012, for Modena F.C. Circa 2012 Ardemagni also signed a new 5-year contract with Atalanta, however he was loaned to Modena, Cheivo and Carpi in 2012–13 and 2013–14 season.
On 9 August 2014 he was signed by Spezia on a temporary deal. On 2 February 2015 he was signed by Perugia. The loan was extended on 14 July.
Avellino
On 31 August 2016 Ardemagni was signed by Avellino in a definitive deal on a three-year contract.
Ascoli
On 16 August 2018 he was signed by Ascoli on a three-year deal.
Frosinone
On 27 January 2020 he moved to Frosinone. On 12 January 2021 he joined Reggiana on loan.
Siena
On 31 January 2022, Ardemagni signed with Siena.
Career statistics
References
External links
1987 births
Living people
Footballers from Milan
Italian men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Serie A players
Serie B players
Serie C players
Serie D players
AC Milan players
AC Perugia Calcio players
AS Pizzighettone players
Aurora Pro Patria 1919 players
US Triestina Calcio 1918 players
AS Cittadella players
Atalanta BC players
Calcio Padova players
Modena FC 2018 players
AC ChievoVerona players
AC Carpi players
Spezia Calcio players
US Avellino 1912 players
Ascoli Calcio 1898 FC players
Frosinone Calcio players
AC Reggiana 1919 players
ACR Siena 1904 players
SS Chieti Calcio players
Italy men's youth international footballers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matteo%20Ardemagni |
The Alcalde (; ) has been the alumni magazine of The University of Texas at Austin since 1913, and is published by the university's alumni association, the Texas Exes.
The magazine was named for Oran M. Roberts, the governor who signed the university into existence and whose nickname was "Old Alcalde."
It is published six times a year and mailed to the 96,000 members of the Texas Exes.
References
External links
The Alcalde
Alcalde archive at HathiTrust
1913 establishments in Texas
Alumni magazines
Alcalde, The
Magazines established in 1913
Magazines published in Austin, Texas
University of Texas at Austin | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Alcalde |
Nicholas Redfern (born 1964) is a British best-selling author, journalist, cryptozoologist and ufologist.
Redfern is an active advocate of official government disclosure of UFO information, and has worked to uncover thousands of pages of previously classified Royal Air Force, Air Ministry and Ministry of Defence files on unidentified flying objects (UFOs) dating from the Second World War from the Public Record Office and currently works as a feature writer and contributing editor for Phenomena magazine.
His 2005 book, Body Snatchers in the Desert: The Horrible Truth at the Heart of the Roswell Story, purports to show that the Roswell crash may have been military aircraft tests using Japanese POWs, suffering from progeria or radiation effects.
Biography
Redfern attended Pelsall Comprehensive School in Pelsall from 1976 to 1981. He also worked at Dixons paint suppliers with another Ufologist Martin Lenton.
Redfern joined a rock music and fashion magazine Zero in 1981, where he trained in journalism, writing, magazine production and photography, later going on to write freelance articles on UFOs during the mid-1980s.
From 1984 until 2001 he worked as a freelance feature writer for the Daily Express, People, Western Daily Press and Express & Star newspapers, as well as a full-time feature writer for Planet on Sunday. Between 1996 and 2001 he worked as a freelance journalist for the British newsstand magazines The Weekender, Animals, Animals, Animals, Pet Reptile, Military Illustrated, Eye-Spy, The Unopened Files and The X-Factor.
Between 1996 and 2000 Redfern signed a three-book publishing deal with Simon & Schuster of London for the publication of A Covert Agenda: The British Government’s UFO Top Secrets Exposed (1997), The FBI Files: The FBI’s UFO Top Secrets Exposed (1998) and Cosmic Crashes: The Incredible Story of the UFOs That Fell to Earth (1999). These books were published in the United Kingdom, Canada, Russia, Poland, Australia, New Zealand and Portugal.
In 2003 Paraview-Pocket Books New York published Redfern's book Strange Secrets: Real Government Files on the Unknown in May of that year. And, in March 2004 Paraview-Pocket Books, New York, published his book Three Men Seeking Monsters: Six Weeks in Pursuit of Werewolves, Lake Monsters, Giant Cats, Ghostly Devil Dogs, and Ape-Men. This book tells the story of his relationship with Jonathan Downes and Richard Freeman of the Centre for Fortean Zoology, and has been optioned by Universal Studios though as of 2021 it has not been released. Redfern has run the U.S. branch of the Centre for Fortean Zoology since 2002.
Redfern works on the lecture circuit, both in the UK and overseas, and has appeared in internationally syndicated shows discussing the UFO phenomenon. Redfern is a regular on the History Channel programs Monster Quest and UFO Hunters, National Geographic Channels's Paranormal and the Syfy channel's Proof Positive, as well as appearing in an episode in the third season of Penn & Teller: Bullshit!, titled "Ghost Busters". He has also appeared on a variety of television programmes in the United Kingdom, including The Big Breakfast, Channel 5 News, and GMTV.
He has been identified as a member of an informal group of friends sometimes called the "Paranormal Rat Pack" and "The Cabal"; other members are filmmaker Paul Kimball, and author Greg Bishop; Mac Tonnies was also a member.
Bibliography
A Covert Agenda: The British Government's UFO Top Secrets Exposed (1997) by Nick Redfern –
The F.B.I. Files (1998) by Nick Redfern –
Cosmic Crashes (1999) by Nick Redfern –
Strange Secrets (2003) by Nick Redfern and Andy J. Roberts –
Three Men Seeking Monsters (2004) by Nick Redfern –
Body Snatchers in the Desert: The Horrible Truth at the Heart of the Roswell Story (2005) by Nick Redfern –
On The Trail of the Saucer Spies (2006) by Nick Redfern –
Celebrity Secrets: Official Government Files on the Rich and Famous (2007) by Nick Redfern –
Man-Monkey – In Search of the British Bigfoot (2007) by Nick Redfern –
Memoirs of a Monster Hunter: A Five-Year Journey in Search of the Unknown (2007) by Nick Redfern –
THERE'S SOMETHING IN THE WOODS: A Transatlantic Hunt for Monsters and the Mysterious (2008)
Contactees: A History of Alien-Human Interaction (2009) by Nick Redfern –
FINAL EVENTS and the Secret Government Group on Demonic UFOs and the Afterlife (2010) -
The NASA Conspiracies (2011) by Nick Redfern –
The Real Men in Black (2011) by Nick Redfern –
Keep Out!: Top Secret Places Governments Don’t Want You to Know About (2011) -
The Pyramids and the Pentagon: The Government's Top Secret Pursuit of Mystical Relics, Ancient Astronauts, and Lost Civilizations (2012) -
The World's Weirdest Places (2012) -
Wildman! (2012) -
Monster Files: A Look Inside Government Secrets and Classified Documents on Bizarre Creatures and Extraordinary Animals (2013) -
The Most Mysterious Places on Earth (2013) -
For Nobody's Eyes Only: Missing Government Files and Hidden Archives That Document the Truth Behind the Most Enduring Conspiracy Theories (2013) -
Close Encounters of the Fatal Kind: Suspicious Deaths, Mysterious Murders, and Bizarre Disappearances in UFO History (2014) -
True Stories of the Real Men in Black (2014) -
The Zombie Book: Encyclopedia of the Living Dead (2014) by Nick Redfern and Brad Steiger –
Secret History: Conspiracies from Ancient Aliens to the New World Order (2015) -
The Bigfoot Book: The Encyclopedia of Sasquatch, Yeti and Cryptid Primates (2015) -
Bloodline of the Gods: Unravel the Mystery of the Human Blood Type to Reveal the Aliens Among Us (2015) -
Men in Black: Personal Stories & Eerie Adventures (2015) -
Woman In Black: The Creepy Companions of the Mysterious M.I.B. (2016) -
Weapons of the Gods: How Ancient Alien Civilizations Almost Destroyed the Earth (2016) -
The Monster Book: Creatures, Beasts and Fiends of Nature (The Real Unexplained! Collection) (2016) -
Immortality of the Gods: Legends, Mysteries, and the Alien Connection to Eternal Life (2016) -
Nessie: Exploring the Supernatural Origins of the Loch Ness Monster (2016) -
Secret Societies The Complete Guide to Histories, Rites, and Rituals (2017) -
365 Days of UFOs: A Year of Alien Encounters (2017) -
The Roswell UFO Conspiracy: Exposing A Shocking And Sinister Secret (2017) -
The New World Order Book (2017) -
Shapeshifters: Morphing Monsters and Changing Cryptids (2017) -
The Slenderman Mysteries: An Internet Urban Legend Comes to Life (2018) -
Control: MKUltra, Chemtrails and the Conspiracy to Suppress the Masses (2018) -
The Black Diary: M.I.B, Women in Black, Black-Eyed Children, and Dangerous Books (2018) -
Chupacabra Road Trip: One Man’s Hunt for Vampires (2018) -
Paranormal Parasites: The Voracious Appetites of Soul-Sucking Supernatural Entities (2018) -
Top Secret Alien Abduction Files: What the Government Doesn't Want You to Know (2018) -
Area 51: The Revealing Truth of UFOs, Secret Aircraft, Cover-Ups & Conspiracies (The Real Unexplained! Collection) -
Cover-Ups & Secrets: The Complete Guide to Government Conspiracies, Manipulations & Deceptions (2019) –
Flying Saucers from the Kremlin: UFOs, Russian Meddling, Soviet Spies & Cold War Secrets (2019) -
The Alien Book: A Guide To Extraterrestrial Beings On Earth (The Real Unexplained! Collection) (2020) -
Assassinations: The Plots, Politics, and Powers behind History-Changing Murders (2020) -
The Rendlesham Forest UFO Conspiracy: A Close Encounter Exposed as a Top Secret Government Experiment (2020) -
Monsters of the Deep (The Real Unexplained! Collection) (2020) -
The Martians: Evidence of Life on the Red Planet (2020) -
Diary of Secrets: UFO Conspiracies and the Mysterious Death of Marilyn Monroe (2021) -
Time Travel: The Science and Science Fiction (The Real Unexplained! Collection) (2021) -
How Antigravity Built the Pyramids: The Mysterious Technology of Ancient Superstructures (2022) -
Runaway Science: True Stories of Raging Robots and Hi-Tech Horrors (The Real Unexplained! Collection) (2023) -
Mothman & Other Flying Monsters: Nuclear Nightmares & Armageddon (2023) -
Werewolf Stories: Shape-Shifters, Lycanthropes, and Man-Beasts (The Real Unexplained! Collection) (2023) -
In a 2002 interview, Redfern stated that "Andy Roberts and I have a book coming out next year on an alleged UFO crash incident in Wales in 1974." This relates to the Berwyn Mountain UFO incident.
See also
Rendlesham Forest Incident
Roswell Incident
References
External links
nickredfernfortean.blogspot.com, Redfern's main blog as of 2012
Nick Redfern's MySpace page
Nick Redfern's "There's Something in the Woods...", his cryptozoology blog
Nick Redfern's Celebrity Secrets
1964 births
Living people
British non-fiction writers
UFO writers
Roswell incident
People from Pelsall
Ufologists
Cryptozoologists
British male writers
Male non-fiction writers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nick%20Redfern |
No Angels is a British comedy-drama television series, produced by the independent production company World Productions for Channel 4, which ran for three series from 2004 to 2006. It was devised by Toby Whithouse.
Premise
The programme centres on the lives of three nurses and a healthcare assistant in the city of Leeds. The four main characters are Kate Oakley (played by Kaye Wragg), Lia Costoya (Louise Delamere), Anji Mittel (Sunetra Sarker), and Beth Nicholls (Jo Joyner). Additional main characters were played by Derek Riddell, James Frost, Francis Magee and Matt Bardock. The show deals with the women's lives both in and out of the hospital.
Cast
Louise Delamere as Lia Costoya - A nurse (and acting ward sister in Series One) at the hospital. She is a single mother; her daughter Emma lives with her father. Lia lives in hospital accommodation with Anji, Kate and Beth and attended college with Kate Oakley. The two subsequently became best friends. Lia has a sharp attitude and is often described as being a "great nurse, but a terrible mother." At the end of Series 3, Emma asks to move in with Lia and they begin to search for a flat. Shortly afterwards, Jamie, with whom Lia was in a relationship until he relocated to Australia, returns to Leeds and they get back together.
Kaye Wragg as Katherine 'Kate' Oakley - A nurse and, later, ward sister at the hospital. Kate has several relationships throughout the programmes, including one with Dr Jamie Patterson. She later accepts Peter Compton's proposal in Series 3, but after he makes numerous attempts to control her, she eventually leaves him at the altar in the show's final episode. Kate went to an all-girls school and had a horse called Treacle and it is therefore assumed that she was relatively well off. However, she craves attention from her mother.
Sunetra Sarker as Anji Mittel - A health care assistant (HCA) at the hospital. She is known for her numerous relationships and one night stands. In the first series, she is engaged (by an arranged marriage) to Adjesh, but he later rejects her after he falls in love. After declining a nursing course and being rejected by Callum, Anji decides to go travelling, returning in Series 3 heavily pregnant. She later gives birth to a baby girl and begins dating Callum after he declares his love for her. At Kate's wedding she decides to name her baby girl Mia. Anji is Beth's best friend. She has two sisters who are both married dentists, but she doesn't really get on with her family.
Jo Joyner as Beverly Elizabeth 'Beth' Nicholls - A nurse at the hospital. She openly admits that she'd rather have money than love in the first series and begins an affair with one of the hospital's senior management. However, after he leaves his wife, Beth dumps him, admitting that she needs something more than "I will love you". She continues to date men for their money, but clearly doesn't like being treated like a "trophy wife". In the final series she begins dating a plumber (ironically as for 3 seasons she stated that she 'didn't do' plumbers). Beth, like Kate and Lia, has also slept with Jamie. Beth was raised by her aunt and it is implied that she left home for an unknown reason, although it is hinted in the same episode that she was molested/raped by her male cousin in the fourth episode of series one - something that by the end of the episode is suspected by her Aunt.
Francis Magee as Mr. Leslie McManus - The senior consultant on the ward. He has a fierce temper.
Derek Riddell as Dr. Jamie Patterson - McManus' golden boy. He has had both a short term relationship and a fling with Kate, and has slept with Beth. At the end of series three he reconciles with long term girlfriend Lia after his return from Australia, where he admits that he loves her.
James Frost as Dr. Callum Parker - McManus' House Officer in the series. He is a reluctant doctor, having trained just to appease his parents. His true passion is golf, at which he is excellent - a passion he leaves medicine to pursue in series 2, but he later returns to the hospital. He is very shy and unassertive, something Anji tries to help him with, however it is revealed when he begins a relationship with physiotherapist Daisy that he is extremely sexually talented. In series 3 he declares his love for Anji, and they begin a relationship.
Charlotte Leach as Emma - Lia's daughter. She lives with her father and step-mother, Sally. At the end of series 3 she asks to live with Lia, as she finds Sally too controlling and would prefer to be with her mum.
Lynn Ferguson as Stella
Episodes
Series overview
Series 1 (2004)
Series 2 (2005)
Series 3 (2006)
Decommission
On 19 August 2005, Channel 4 announced that the show was to end after a third and final series. Newly appointed drama commissioner at the station Francis Hopkinson decided to cancel the show after the eight episodes of Series 3 had aired. He stated "All the characters have moved on..I didn't like the idea of starting again with new characters so we're ending it while it's on top." Channel 4 said that by ending the series they were able to focus more on issue-based dramas.
Filming
The filming for all three series of the show took place mainly at the disused High Royds Hospital site in nearby Menston. Most other filming took place in Leeds city centre and Bradford.
Further reading
Allen, Daniel (25 February 2004). "No holds barred". Nursing Standard (RCN Publishing Company) 18 (24): 14–15.
References
External links
2004 British television series debuts
2006 British television series endings
2000s British comedy-drama television series
2000s British medical television series
2000s British sex comedy television series
2000s British workplace comedy television series
2000s British workplace drama television series
Channel 4 comedy dramas
English-language television shows
Television shows set in Leeds
Television series by World Productions | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No%20Angels%20%28TV%20series%29 |
Ledina Çelo (born 9 February 1977) is an Albanian singer and model. She is best known for representing Albania at the 2005 Eurovision Song Contest in Kyiv, after winning the 43rd edition of Festivali i Këngës.
Life
2003–present
In December 2003, she hosted the 43rd edition of Festivali i Këngës, the national pre-selection competition for the Eurovision Song Contest. A year later, she participated as a contestant with the song Nesër Shkoj and eventually won the competition. She qualified for the grand final and finished in the sixteenth place. In 2006, Ledina Celo finished second in Kënga Magjike with the song "Jemi Të Huaj".
Awards
Festivali i Këngës
|-
||2004
||"Tomorrow I Go"
|First Prize
|
|}
Kënga Magjike
|-
||2003
||"Te dua se je Ti"
|Linda Association Prize
|
|-
||2004
||"Ne nje ishull qe nuk ekziston"
|Public Prize
|
|-
|rowspan="2"|2006
|rowspan="2"|"Jemi te huaj"
|Best Performer
|
|-
|Second Prize
|
|-
|rowspan="2"|2013
|rowspan="2"|"Gaboja"
|Best Ballad
|
|-
|Second Prize
|
|}
Videofest Awards
|-
|rowspan="2"|2005
|rowspan="2"|" Vagabond nga dashuria"
|Best Female
|
|-
|Best Editing
|
|-
|rowspan="2"|2007
|rowspan="2"|"Të ndjejë të huaj"
|Best Camera
|
|-
|Best Production
|
|}
Zhurma Show Awards
|-
||2004
|"Vagabond nga dashuria"
|Best Video
|
|}
References
1975 births
Living people
Musicians from Tirana
21st-century Albanian women singers
Festivali i Këngës winners
Eurovision Song Contest entrants for Albania
Eurovision Song Contest entrants of 2005
Albanian pop musicians | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ledina%20%C3%87elo |
Pinecraft is a census-designated place located in Sarasota County. The neighborhood is a popular winter vacation spot for many North American Amish and Mennonites, particularly from Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Ontario, Canada.
History
"Pinecraft" became the new name in 1925 or 1926 of what had been the Sarasota National Tourist Camp, consisting at the time of 466 campsites, most of them in size, with a small public park at the present site of Pinecraft Park, a community house, and a water tank. At that time Pinecraft was about in size, bounded on the north by Bahia Vista Street (Bay Vista Street), on the west by Phillippi Creek, on the south by Second Avenue South (roughly parallel with the current Schrock Street), and on the east by Yoder Street (at the time Eleventh Street, later Lee Drive).
Sometime after 1926, another tourist camp called Homecroft was laid out on adjacent property west and north of Pinecraft, which sometime after 1946 was incorporated into Pinecraft. Homecroft, about 1/4 mile by 1/2 mile in size, was bounded by Hacienda Street on the north, Yoder Street (then Lee Drive) on the west, Schrock Street (then Acacia Street) on the south, and Beneva Road (then Beneva Drive) on the east.
The transition from camps to residential areas occurred gradually, with major housing construction beginning in the early 1940s, continuing briskly through the 1940s and into the 1950s. The roads were paved around 1949–1950. In 1949 single lots at Pinecraft sold for $200, corner lots for $225.
Mennonite and Amish churches
The Mennonite Tourist Church at 3340 Bahia Vista Avenue has been a landmark from the time it was purchased by Mennonites in 1946 for $7,500, . Prior to the purchase, the Kruppa bakery occupied the land. The church had attendance at the first Sunday services of 531 people. It was used by both Mennonites and Amish in separate services for a period of time. Starting in 1947 it was also used as a school for children vacationing in Florida, though by 1949 or 1950 the county built a school for Pinecraft children at the corner of Beneva Road and Bahia Vista Street. The Amish have a separate church located at 1325 Hines Avenue.
Transportation from the north
Amish from Indiana and Ohio travel to Pinecraft on buses of the Crossroad Tours company of Shipshewana, Indiana, and Pioneer Trails company of Millersburg, Ohio, which has "Florida Line Runs" all months except June and July. From Pennsylvania many Amish travel on buses of Elite Coach of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, whose "Florida Line Run" has once-weekly journeys from January through March, and on those of Melard Coach, which provides transportation most weekends from late December through March. Both Elite Coach and Melard Coach provide service from multiple points in Lancaster County.
Media
Season 2 of Breaking Amish, Breaking Amish: Brave New World, was filmed in Pinecraft. It was received with overall backlash from the community. In fact, one of the restaurant staples in Pinecraft, Der Dutchman, released a statement emphasizing that the corporate office didn't support the production. This release was given after Der Dutchman already allowed filming within the restaurant.
See also
Sarasota Christian School, a Mennonite school in Sarasota
References
External links
"Pinecraft Amish Village" on Facebook (sponsored by the Sarasota Chamber of Commerce)
Literature
Amish in the United States
Mennonitism in the United States
Sarasota, Florida
Neighborhoods in Florida
Pennsylvania Dutch culture
Census-designated places in Sarasota County, Florida | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinecraft%2C%20Florida |
Esmahan Sultan Mosque () is the oldest mosque in Romania.
Located in Mangalia, Constanța County, it serves a community of 800 Muslim families, most of them of Turkish and Tatar ethnicity.
History
In 1452, when Dobrogea got under the Ottoman domination, and the Turkish, Tatar, Bulgarian, Circassian, Gaguaz, Greek and Jewish peoples became a mixture of religious beliefs, the famous Turkish traveler, Evlia Celebi mentioned, ‘... go to Mangalia, which is the Kaaba Makkah of the wandering and poor people.''
Esmehan Sultan Mosque was constructed in 1575 by its namesake, Ismihan, the daughter of Ottoman Sultan Selim II and Nurbanu Sultan, and wife of Ottoman Grand Vizier Sokollu Mehmed Pasha.
It was renovated in the 1990s and includes a graveyard with 300-year-old tombstones.
Structure
The mosque was constructed with cut stone rescued from the Callatis ruins by a team of Turkish craftsmen. The stone blocks were glued together without the use of any binder, but merely with cast steel staples put in holes drilled in the stone. Oak props are installed at the Esmahan Sultan Mosque's entryway. The Minbar (pulpit), a place of prayer arranged as a balcony with stairs from where the imam, the Muslim priest speaks on and every feast day, may be situated on the wall opposite the mosque entrance (another term for places of Muslim worship). The mihrab, or blind window, and a Mecca-oriented niche are positioned on the left side of the Minbar. It is a type of shrine where the Imam performs religious services every day. The inside is devoid of cult paintings and other ornamental elements. The ceiling is adorned with beautiful woodwork and exquisite craftsmanship that grabs the attention of all visitors. I t should be noticed that the women's prayer areas are divided from the rest of the room by a modest wooden barrier. The terrace at the summit of the minaret (from where the Imam used to issue the call to prayer) may be reached by spiral staircases.The porch pillars and wooden railings give the building a distinctive appearance on the outside. A fountain built of stone from an old tomb may be found inside the worship space. In addition, the mosque is flanked by a cemetery as precious as the monument itself, which contains Muslim tombs dating back more than 300 years. Both the mosque and the cemetery are listed as Historical Monuments in Romania.
See also
Category:Ottoman architecture in Romania
Giurgiu Clocktower
Tulcea Art Museum
Azizyie Mosque
References
Moscheea ridicată de prinţesa Esmahan, Jurnalul Naţional
Muftiyat of Romania - contains detailed information about mosques in Romania
Mangalia
Mosques completed in 1575
Ottoman mosques in Romania
Buildings and structures in Constanța County
Historic monuments in Constanța County
Religious buildings and structures completed in 1575 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esmahan%20Sultan%20Mosque |
The Waynesboro Generals are a collegiate summer baseball team in Waynesboro, Virginia. They play in the southern division of the Valley Baseball League. The Generals have won six Valley League playoff championships: in 1984, 1988, 1998, 2007, 2013, and 2014, making them one of the most winning organizations of the league during that time. The Generals were founded in 1923 and have been playing continuously since then with the exception of a ten year period between 1955 and 1964.
In 2007, the Generals' victory came two games to zero over the Luray Wranglers. In 2013, the Generals won the South Division and then prevailed in the final series two games to one over the Strasburg Express. In 2014, the Generals again won the South and came back from a 6-0 deficit to defeat the Charles Town Cannons of the North Division, 7-6, with a walkoff single in the bottom of the ninth inning of the championship game.
Notable players
Mike Lowell (1993)
Brandon Inge (1996)
Erik Kratz (2000)
References
External links
Waynesboro Generals
Valley Baseball League
Amateur baseball teams in Virginia
Valley Baseball League teams
Waynesboro, Virginia
Baseball teams established in 1950
1950 establishments in Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waynesboro%20Generals |
Pavee Lackeen: The Traveller Girl is a documentary-style film released in 2005. The film tells the story of an Irish Traveller girl (Winnie Maughan) and her family. Most of the characters are played by the Maughan family themselves, led by youngest daughter Winnie.
Its director and co-writer, Perry Ogden, won an IFTA Award in the category of Breakthrough Talent in 2005. Winnie Maughan was nominated for Best Actress in a Feature Film in the same awards.
Filmed entirely on video, the film was described as startlingly real, showing the conditions in which the family—who are members of Ireland's Travelling community— live.
External links
The official Pavee Lackeen website
2005 films
2005 drama films
Irish drama films
Works about Irish Travellers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavee%20Lackeen |
Selton Figueiredo Mello (born 30 December 1972) is a Brazilian actor and director. Since his childhood, he acted on TV shows. Now he works on TV, movies and theater. Throughout his career, he developed a strong and solid experience in cinema, producing and directing movies and videoclips, and being publicly and critically acclaimed for it. The actor hosted Tarja Preta, a TV show about culture and independent movies, from 2004 until 2008.
Life and career
Selton was born in Passos (State of Minas Gerais), the son of Selva (housewife) and Dalton Melo (bank employee). His brother Danton Mello is an actor as well. Selton's parents are both from Minas Gerais State. After Selton was born his parents moved to São Paulo, where he lived until the age of 11. In São Paulo, Selton attended "Colégio Aclimação". At 11 years of age he was invited to star on a soap opera at Rede Globo Television, so he moved with his entire family to Rio de Janeiro, where he still lives.
He played André in the Brazilian film To the left of the father which was directed by Luiz Fernando Carvalho and based on the eponymous novel by Raduan Nassar. He has also played João da Ega in Os Maias, also directed by Luiz Fernando Carvalho, based on the eponymous novel by Eça de Queiroz.
Beyond that, Selton Mello has many memorable performances in his trajectory, such as the roles he played in the movies Lisbela and the Prisoner (Lisbela e o Prisioneiro - more than 3.5 million tickets sold); Auto da Compadecida (more than 2.5 million tickets sold), by Guel Arraes; Drained (O cheiro do Ralo), by Heitor Dhalia; and My Name Ain't Johnny (Meu Nome Não É Johnny - more than 2.5 million tickets sold), by Mauro Lima and Four Days in September by Bruno Barreto (nominated for Best Foreign Language Film for the 1997 Oscar Awards).
Selton Mello's acting skills were awarded several times in national and international festivals such as the Havana Film Festival (Cuba), Brasília International Film Festival (Brazil), Lleida Latin-American Film Festival (Spain) and the Lima Latin American Film Festival (Peru) in which he was awarded for his performance in To the Left of the Father. He also won the Cinema Brazil Grand Prize (Grande Prêmio do Cinema Brasileiro) for Lisbela and the Prisoner and the best actor award for My Name Ain't Johnny granted by both the Cinema Brazil Grand Prize and the Miami International Film Festival; and the best actor award for Drained, granted by the Rio International Film Festival (Festival do Rio), Punta Del Este International Film Festival and by the Guadalajara International Film Festival.
Selton is also a screenwriter, editor and musician. After he developed a solid career as an actor, he began to work on the other side of the camera as a much acclaimed and in-demand director. He began directing video clips, documentaries and TV shows. His debut in film directing was in 2006 with the short film entitled When the Time Falls, selected for competitive screenings at the Gramado Film Fest (Festival de Gramado), Rio International Film Festival, São Paulo International Film Festival and the Guadalajara Film Festival.
The award-winning movie December, acclaimed by critics in Brasil and worldwide, marked his debut as a director and has amassed more than 20 awards at various festivals, such as the Paulínia Film Festival (Festival Paulínia de Cinema), Goiania and Curitiba Film Festivals in Brazil.
He also received the Special Jury Prize in Imola/Italy, three awards at the Los Angeles Brazilian Film Festival, including the Best Director and the Best Screenplay award at the 7th Cine Cero Latitud Festival (Festival Cero Latitud de Ecuador), Best Cinematography at the Lima Latin American Film Festival, and in the XI Ibero-American Film Festival of Santa Cruz.
In 2011, he acted and co-directed the TV Series The Invisible Woman (based on the eponymous film) which won the International Emmy Award in 2012 for Best TV Comedy of the Year.
In 2012, he directed Sessão de Terapia, the Brazilian version of the much celebrated TV series In Treatment (Bi Tipul), written by Hagai Levi (originally for Israeli TV and then consequently seen in over 25 countries).
His second film feature, The Clown (in which he directed, co-wrote, co-edited and played the lead character), launched in October 2011, was selected as the Brazilian entry for the Best Foreign Language Oscar at the 85th Academy Awards, but it did not make the final shortlist. This film hit the milestone of 1.5 million viewers, and was received with great enthusiasm by critics, receiving over 40 national and international awards, including Best Director in Paulínia, APCA (Paulista Association of Art Critics - Associação Paulista de Críticos de Arte) and the 38th SESC Film Fest - where it was also awarded as best film (both by the jury and the public selection). He was further enshrined in the Cinema Brazil Grand Prize (Grande Prêmio do Cinema Brasileiro 2012), having won 12 categories, - a record that assured the film a place in the history of the most successful Brazilian films.
Filmography
Television
A Mulher Invisível (2011)
Sinhá Moça (1986)
Pedra sobre Pedra (1992)
Olho no Olho (1993)
Tropicaliente (1994)
A Próxima Vítima (1995)
A Indomada (1997)
O Auto da Compadecida (1999)
Força de um Desejo (1999)
Os Maias (2001)
Caramuru - A Invenção do Brasil (2001)
Os Aspones (2004)
O Sistema (2007)
A Cura (2010)
Treze Dias Longe do Sol (2018)
O Mecanismo (2018)
Awards
The Clown (MOVIE)
Best Director of Fiction - Menina de Ouro (Paulínia Film Festival 2011)
Best Director - Prêmio APCA (Paulista Association of Art Critics)
Best Actor - Prêmio QUEM
Best Director - Prêmio Melhores do Ano SESC SP
Best Director - Festival de Cinema da Lapa
Best Picture Montage - Prêmio ABC (Associação Brasileira de Cinematografia)
Best Director - Prêmio Contigo de Cinema Nacional
Best Actor - Prêmio Contigo
Best Actor - BRAFFTV - Brazilian Film & TV Festival of Toronto
Best Actor - Cinema Brazil Grand Prize 2012
Best Director - Cinema Brazil Grand Prize 2012
Best Screenplay, Original - Cinema Brazil Grand Prize 2012
Best Editing - Cinema Brazil Grand Prize 2012
Audience Award - Huelva Latin American Film Festival 2012
Jean Charles (MOVIE)
Best actor - Quem Magazine 2009
Feliz Natal (MOVIE)
Best director - Paulinia Film Festival 2008
Best director - Goiania Film Festival 2008
Best director - 2nd Brazilian Film Festival - Los Angeles, EUA 2009
Meu Nome Nao é Johnny (MOVIE)
Best actor - Cineport Festival 2009
Best actor - Prêmio Vivo de Cinema Brasileiro 2009
Best Actor - Cinema Brazil Grand Prize 2009
Best actor - 12th Brazilian Film Festival of Miami 2008
Best actor - Prêmio Contigo de Cinema 2008
Best actor - Prêmio Qualidade Brasil 2008
Best actor - Toronto Brazilian Film Festival 2008
Best actor - Quem magazine award 2008
O Cheiro do Ralo (MOVIE)
Best actor - Prêmio APCA 2007
Best actor - Rio Film Festival 2006
Best actor - Punta Del Leste International Film Festival
Best actor - Guadalajara, Mexico XXII Film Festival
Best actor - Sesc-Sated award, Minas Gerais
Best actor - Film Festival - Quito, Ecuador
O Coronel e o Lobisomem (MOVIE)
Best Supporting Actor - Contigo Award Cinema 2006
Lisbela e o Prisioneiro
Best Actor - Cinema Brazil Grand Prize 2004
Lavoura Arcaica (MOVIE)
Best Actor - Qualidade Brasil Award 2001
Best Actor - Lleida Latin-American Film Festival 2002
Best Actor - Lima Latin American Film Festival 2002
Best Actor - Havana Film Festival 2001
Best Actor - Brazilia Festival of Brazilian Cinema 2001
Árido Movie (MOVIE)
Best supporting actor: Recife Film Festival
Best supporting actor: Qualidade Brasil Award
Best supporting actor: Cineport Film Festival
Os Maias (TV Serie)
Best Actor in a Special Project - Qualidade Brasil Award 2001
A indomada (TV Soap Opera)
Best Supporting Actor - Contigo Award 1998
References
External links
Living people
1972 births
Brazilian male actors
Brazilian film directors
Publishers name
Kaleu Silva de Alencar | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selton%20Mello |
The Bristol Reservoirs are six reservoirs or sets of reservoirs in the area south of Bristol. All six are operated by Bristol Water.
They are (in decreasing order of size):
Chew Valley Lake
Blagdon Lake
Cheddar Reservoir
Barrow Gurney Reservoirs
Litton Reservoirs
Chew Magna Reservoir
Between 1846 and 1853 Bristol Water created a series of tunnels, pipes and aqueducts called the "Line of Works" which still carry approximately of water a day from the Mendip Hills to Barrow Gurney Reservoirs for filtration and then onto Bristol and the surrounding areas. All this is done by gravity as it collects and conveys water from the Chewton Mendip and East and West Harptree areas.
References
Reservoirs in Somerset
Drinking water reservoirs in England
Protected areas of Bristol | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bristol%20Reservoirs |
Vilenica Cave or Vilenica Cave at Lokev () is the oldest show cave in Europe. The first tourists to the cave were recorded in 1633. It is located next to the village of Lokev in the municipality of Sežana on the Karst Plateau in southwestern Slovenia.
Natural environment
Vilenica Cave is more than in length, with a depth of , but tourists are only allowed into the first of the cave.
History
Until the mid-19th century it was known as the biggest, most beautiful, and most frequently visited cave of the Classical Karst. It attracted artists such as Ferdinand Runk and Peter Fendi, who was awarded a gold medal in 1821 for his oil painting of the cave. Later it was surpassed by Postojna Cave.
Since 1986, the annual Vilenica International Literary Festival has taken place in the cave and in the towns and villages of the Karst and elsewhere. The event most commonly happens in the beginning of September. The central part of the festival is the conferral of the Vilenica Prize for literature by the Slovene Writers' Association. The award is bestowed in the cave's Plesna Hall () on an author from Central Europe for his or her achievements in literary and essay writing.
References
Show caves in Slovenia
Arts centres in Slovenia
Municipality of Sežana
Caves of the Slovene Littoral | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilenica%20Cave |
The Q notation is a way to specify the parameters of a binary fixed point number format. For example, in Q notation, the number format denoted by Q8.8 means that the fixed point numbers in this format have 8 bits for the integer part and 8 bits for the fraction part.
A number of other notations have been used for the same purpose.
Definition
Texas Instruments version
The Q notation, as defined by Texas Instruments, consists of the letter followed by a pair of numbers mn, where m is the number of bits used for the integer part of the value, and n is the number of fraction bits.
By default, the notation describes signed binary fixed point format, with the unscaled integer being stored in two's complement format, used in most binary processors. The first bit always gives the sign of the value(1 = negative, 0 = non-negative), and it is not counted in the m parameter. Thus the total number w of bits used is 1 + m + n.
For example, the specification describes a signed binary fixed-point number with a w = 16 bits in total, comprising the sign bit, three bits for the integer part, and 12 bits that are the fraction. That is, a 16-bit signed (two's complement) integer, that is implicitly multiplied by the scaling factor 2−12
In particular, when n is zero, the numbers are just integers. If m is zero, all bits except the sign bit are fraction bits; then the range of the stored number is from −1.0 (inclusive) to +1 (exclusive).
The m and the dot may be omitted, in which case they are inferred from the size of the variable or register where the value is stored. Thus means a signed integer with any number of bits, that is implicitly multiplied by 2−12.
The letter can be prefixed to the to denote an unsigned binary fixed-point format. For example, describes values represented as unsigned 16-bit integers with implicit scaling factor of 2−15, which range from 0.0 to (216−1)/215 = +1.999969482421875.
ARM version
A variant of the Q notation has been in use by ARM. In this variant, the m number includes the sign bit. For example, a 16-bit signed integer would be denoted Q15.0 in the TI variant, but Q16.0 in the ARM variant.
Characteristics
The resolution (difference between successive values) of a Qm.n or UQm.n format is always 2−n. The range of representable values depends on the notation used:
For example, a Q15.1 format number requires 15+1 = 16 bits, has resolution 2−1 = 0.5, and the representable values range from −214 = −16384.0 to +214 − 2−1 = +16383.5. In hexadecimal, the negative values range from 0x8000 to 0xFFFF followed by the non-negative ones from 0x0000 to 0x7FFF.
Math operations
Q numbers are a ratio of two integers: the numerator is kept in storage, the denominator is equal to 2n.
Consider the following example:
The Q8 denominator equals 28 = 256
1.5 equals 384/256
384 is stored, 256 is inferred because it is a Q8 number.
If the Q number's base is to be maintained (n remains constant) the Q number math operations must keep the denominator constant. The following formulas show math operations on the general Q numbers and . (If we consider the example as mentioned above, is 384 and is 256.)
Because the denominator is a power of two, the multiplication can be implemented as an arithmetic shift to the left and the division as an arithmetic shift to the right; on many processors shifts are faster than multiplication and division.
To maintain accuracy, the intermediate multiplication and division results must be double precision and care must be taken in rounding the intermediate result before converting back to the desired Q number.
Using C the operations are (note that here, Q refers to the fractional part's number of bits) :
Addition
int16_t q_add(int16_t a, int16_t b)
{
return a + b;
}
With saturation
int16_t q_add_sat(int16_t a, int16_t b)
{
int16_t result;
int32_t tmp;
tmp = (int32_t)a + (int32_t)b;
if (tmp > 0x7FFF)
tmp = 0x7FFF;
if (tmp < -1 * 0x8000)
tmp = -1 * 0x8000;
result = (int16_t)tmp;
return result;
}
Unlike floating point ±Inf, saturated results are not sticky and will unsaturate on adding a negative value to a positive saturated value (0x7FFF) and vice versa in that implementation shown. In assembly language, the Signed Overflow flag can be used to avoid the typecasts needed for that C implementation.
Subtraction
int16_t q_sub(int16_t a, int16_t b)
{
return a - b;
}
Multiplication
// precomputed value:
#define K (1 << (Q - 1))
// saturate to range of int16_t
int16_t sat16(int32_t x)
{
if (x > 0x7FFF) return 0x7FFF;
else if (x < -0x8000) return -0x8000;
else return (int16_t)x;
}
int16_t q_mul(int16_t a, int16_t b)
{
int16_t result;
int32_t temp;
temp = (int32_t)a * (int32_t)b; // result type is operand's type
// Rounding; mid values are rounded up
temp += K;
// Correct by dividing by base and saturate result
result = sat16(temp >> Q);
return result;
}
Division
int16_t q_div(int16_t a, int16_t b)
{
/* pre-multiply by the base (Upscale to Q16 so that the result will be in Q8 format) */
int32_t temp = (int32_t)a << Q;
/* Rounding: mid values are rounded up (down for negative values). */
/* OR compare most significant bits i.e. if (((temp >> 31) & 1) == ((b >> 15) & 1)) */
if ((temp >= 0 && b >= 0) || (temp < 0 && b < 0)) {
temp += b / 2; /* OR shift 1 bit i.e. temp += (b >> 1); */
} else {
temp -= b / 2; /* OR shift 1 bit i.e. temp -= (b >> 1); */
}
return (int16_t)(temp / b);
}
See also
Fixed-point arithmetic
Floating-point arithmetic
References
Further reading
(Note: the accuracy of the article is in dispute; see discussion.)
External links
Computer arithmetic | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%20%28number%20format%29 |
Durandus of Saint-Pourçain (also known as Durand of Saint-Pourçain; c. 1275 – 13 September 1332 / 10 September 1334) was a French Dominican, philosopher, theologian, and bishop.
Life
He was born at Saint-Pourçain, Auvergne. Little is known of Durandus of Saint-Pourçain prior to 1307 but some small facts. His preliminary work was prepared in some Dominican studium. He entered the Dominican Order at Clermont, and studied at the University of Paris to which he obtained his doctoral degree in 1313. Clement V called him to be Master of the Sacred Palace.
He lectured on the "Sentences" of Peter Lombard. He was at this time submitting ideas that were not exactly parallel to those of Thomas Aquinas. This was the production of the first extensive commentary on the "Sentences", published in 1303–8 (unedited). After review of the first commentary, it seemed very improbable that Durandus could have been a follower of Aquinas prior to 1307.
Since Thomas Aquinas was held at a higher standing than any other doctor within the Dominican order, they were to defend and uphold his ideas predominately. This caused Durand to be criticized from one of the leading Dominican followers of Aquinas, Hervaeus Natalis. This was a doctoral quarrel and an illustration of the fourteenth-century doctoral tensions. It was at this time that Durandus of Saint-Pourçain set out to write his second commentary on the "Sentences", which he adhered more closely to Aquinas's way.
This second version of the commentary was written around 1310–1312 (unedited). This did much to help respond to the criticisms that he had received previously but instead brought on more criticism and grief. Additionally, his scholarly efforts and the receipt of his doctrine in theology, from the University of Paris in 1312, did not make much of a difference either, leading to the Dominican order initiating two formal investigations. The first investigation was in 1312–1314 and the other in 1316/17.
Despite these conflicts, Durandus was appointed to lecture at papal curia in Avignon. He was consecrated Bishop in three places; first of Limoux, then of Le Puy-en-Velay in 1318, and was transferred to the diocese of Meaux in 1326, where he later died. He was highly regarded by Pope John XXII and assigned by him to examine the orthodoxy of William Ockham in 1324–25. The pope also consulted him on difficult cases with many entrusted diplomatic missions attributed to him.
Meanwhile, Durand wrote his last of the three commentaries, the one for which he is most famous. In this final commentary, Durand returned to several of his initial stances. He was not just famous for this controversial commentary and the earlier one, but also for his surveying of Aquinas in the Dominican order and being influential throughout the early modern period. He became known as Doctor Resolutissimus owing to his strenuous advocacy of certain opinions novel to contemporary academics. Although Durandus faced many controversial issues both inside and outside his order, centuries later he was commended for his work alongside Bonaventure.
Durand died in Meaux.
Work
His writings include:
Commentaries on the Sentences:
First Version (1303–08)
Second Version (1310–12)
Third Version (1317–27)
Five Quodlibeta (1312–16).
His nominalism was so much opposed to the contemporary philosophical realism that the third period of Scholasticism is made to begin with him. He rejects both the sensible and the intelligible species (species intelligibiles), introduced, he says, to explain sense-perception, as also the active intellect. He denies the principle of individuation, as distinct from the specific nature of the individual.
Durandus invented the notion of an intrinsically evil act, which he explains in the context of the concept of fortification, where "it" is intrinsically evil. In the ideas of fortification, Durandus does indeed coincide with Thomas Aquinas and his natural-law argument, but only in simple fortification.
In theology he argued for a separation of natural knowledge (cognitio naturalis) from that obtained through faith and revelation. Durandus argues that certain dogmas, such as that of the Trinity, cannot be shown not to contain impossibilities, but that to believe them nevertheless increases the merit of faith. Because the miracles of Christ do not prove his divinity, Durandus says, his acceptance by Christians enhances the merit of believing. After all, says Durandus, theology is not strictly a science, since it rests on faith, not on the first principles of knowledge. Durandus teaches, besides, that all actions proceed from God who gives the power to act, but that this is no immediate influx of the creator upon the actions of the creature. According to Durandus, the sacraments are only causes without which grace is not conferred, and marriage is not strictly a sacrament. He also suggests that Christ could be present in the Eucharist with the substances of bread and wine remaining.
Throughout, Durandus shows willingness to be corrected by the Catholic Church. By order of Pope John XXII the treatise De statu animarum was examined, and theologians concluded that it contained eleven errors.
References
D. Durandi a Sancto Porciano super sententias theologiae Petri Lombardi commentariorum libri quatuor… (Paris, 1550).
Quétif-Échard, Scriptores O. P., I, 586
A. Stöckl, Geschichte der Philosophie im M. A., II, 976
Hauréau, De la philosophie scolastique, Pt. II (Paris, 1880), II 3446
Mortier, Histoire des mâitres géneraux de l'Ordre de Frères Prêcheurs (Paris, 1907) III, 69–86; La faculté de théologie de Paris et ses docteurs la plus célèbres, III, 401–408.
Iribarren, I. (2005), Durandus of St. Pourçain: A Dominican Theologian in the Shadow of Aquinas. New York, United States: Oxford University Press.
Gracia, J. J., & Noone, T. B. (2003), A Companion to Philosophy in the Middle Ages. Malden, MA, United States: Blackwell.
Iribarren, I. (2002). "Some Points of Contention in Medieval Trinitarian Theology: The Case of Durandus of Saint-Pourçain in the Early Fourteenth Century." Traditio, 57, 289–315.
Pasnau, R. (2010). The Cambridge History of Medieval Philosophy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Dedek, J. F. (20 February 2012). "Premarital Sex: The Theological Argument From Peter Lombard to Durand." Theological Studies, 41 (1980) 644–4.
1275 births
1332 deaths
Bishops of Le Puy-en-Velay
Bishops of Meaux
French philosophers
Scholastic philosophers
14th-century French Catholic theologians
French Dominicans
14th-century philosophers
14th-century French philosophers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durandus%20of%20Saint-Pour%C3%A7ain |
The T360 is a pickup truck from Honda. Introduced in June 1963, it was Honda's first production automobile, beating the S500 Sports by four months.
Overview
The T360 used a 356 cc AK250E series DOHC inline-four engine also found in the Honda S360 roadster prototype, with which it also shared the chassis. The mid-mounted unit propelled the truck to a top speed of , and was accessed by lifting up the bench seat inside the cabin. The engine generated at 8,500 rpm, reflecting Honda's motorcycle heritage. A total of 108,920 T360s were produced from 1963 through August 1967, all painted in "May Blue". It has a wraparound, clamshell-style bonnet which leaves the headlights in place when opened.
The similar but somewhat larger T500 used a 531 cc version of the engine, excluding it from the Kei car class. The T500, first shown in September 1964, was mainly intended for export markets. Its engine delivered high in the rev range (maximum power arrived at 7,500 rpm, with redline at 9,000 rpm) and was a slightly downtuned version of the one found in the Honda S500 sports car. Top speed was . A total of 10,226 T500s were built from 1964 through November 1967, and were all painted "Moss Green". Aside from the different color and engine, the T500 was 20 cm longer (all behind the rear axle), as its overall length was not dictated by the Kei regulations. Another minor distinction was the fittings for license plates larger than those of a Kei car, as well as a higher load capacity.
The T360 was produced as a conventional rear-wheel drive pickup truck, a flatbed (the T360F), a flatbed with folding sides (the T360H), and as a covered van (the T360V). There was also a version of the T360 called the "Snow Crawler", equipped with tracked propulsion units at the rear. Due to its expense, the Snow Crawler remained a rarity in spite of its usefulness in certain parts of northern Japan. The T500 came either with a conventional pickup body (T500), or with the folding side flatbed, this time with the "F" suffix; called the T500F.
References
External links
ThisOldHonda.org T360
ThisOldHonda.org T500
First car made by manufacturer
T360
Kei trucks
Pickup trucks
Tracked vehicles
Cars introduced in 1963
Cars discontinued in 1967 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honda%20T360 |
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