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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald%20Richards%20%28statistician%29 | Donald St. P. Richards (born 1955, in Mandeville, Jamaica) is an American statistician conducting research on multivariate statistics, zonal polynomials, distance correlation, total positivity, and hypergeometric functions of matrix argument. He currently serves as a distinguished professor of statistics at the Pennsylvania State University, and is a Fellow of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics and a Fellow of the American Mathematical Society.
Richards obtained his PhD in 1978 at the University of the West Indies, where the statistician Rameshwar D. Gupta was his doctoral advisor.
In 1999, he was elected a Fellow of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics.
In 2012, he was elected a Fellow of the American Mathematical Society.
Personal life
Richards became an American citizen in 1990. He was married to Mercedes Richards, an American Jamaican-born professor of astronomy and astrophysics, until her death in 2016.
References
External links
1955 births
Living people
American statisticians
Jamaican statisticians
Pennsylvania State University faculty
Fellows of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics
Fellows of the American Mathematical Society |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weyl%27s%20lemma%20%28Laplace%20equation%29 | In mathematics, Weyl's lemma, named after Hermann Weyl, states that every weak solution of Laplace's equation is a smooth solution. This contrasts with the wave equation, for example, which has weak solutions that are not smooth solutions. Weyl's lemma is a special case of elliptic or hypoelliptic regularity.
Statement of the lemma
Let be an open subset of -dimensional Euclidean space , and let denote the usual Laplace operator. Weyl's lemma states that if a locally integrable function is a weak solution of Laplace's equation, in the sense that
for every smooth test function with compact support, then (up to redefinition on a set of measure zero) is smooth and satisfies pointwise in .
This result implies the interior regularity of harmonic functions in , but it does not say anything about their regularity on the boundary .
Idea of the proof
To prove Weyl's lemma, one convolves the function with an appropriate mollifier and shows that the mollification satisfies Laplace's equation, which implies that has the mean value property. Taking the limit as and using the properties of mollifiers, one finds that also has the mean value property, which implies that it is a smooth solution of Laplace's equation. Alternative proofs use the smoothness of the fundamental solution of the Laplacian or suitable a priori elliptic estimates.
Generalization to distributions
More generally, the same result holds for every distributional solution of Laplace's equation: If s |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1935%20Isle%20of%20Man%20TT | For the 1935 Isle of Man Tourist Trophy, Stanley Woods provided another surprise by moving again, from Husqvarna to Moto Guzzi.
The 1935 Junior TT Race provided a Junior TT double win for Jimmie Guthrie at an average race speed of and Norton with a 1-2-3 race win with Walter Rusk and "Crasher" White filling 2nd and 3rd places.
The 1935 Lightweight TT Race was a debut event for the Italian Omobono Tenni. It was team-mate Stanley Woods that led the 1935 Lightweight TT Race from start-to-finish at an average race speed of followed by Tyrell Smith and Ernie Nott, both riding for Rudge motorcycles.
The 1935 Senior TT Race was postponed to the next day due to poor weather. Despite the delay, the race produced one of the most dramatic TT races. The race was led away by Jimmie Guthrie at number 1 while Stanley Woods starting at number 30 had a 15-minute wait. By the last lap of the 1935 Senior TT Race, Jimmie Guthrie had built up a lead of 26 seconds.
As the Moto Guzzi pit-attendants made preparations for Stanley Woods to refuel on the last lap, the Norton pit-crew signalled to Guthrie to easy the pace on the last lap. Stanley Woods riding for Moto Guzzi went straight through the TT Grandstand area without stopping on the last lap and set a new overall lap record of 26 minutes and 10 seconds at an average speed of . Despite the Norton team telephoning the signal station at Ramsey on the last lap to indicate to Jimmie Guthrie to speed-up the pace, Stanley Woods won the 1935 Seni |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academic%20Word%20List | The Academic Word List (AWL) is a word list of 570 English words which appear with great frequency in a broad range of academic texts. The target readership is English as a second or foreign language students intending to enter English-medium higher education, and teachers of such students. The AWL was developed by Averil Coxhead at the School of Linguistics and Applied Language Studies at Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand, and divided into ten sublists in decreasing order of frequency. The AWL excludes words from the General Service List (the 2000 highest-frequency words in general texts); however, many words in the AWL are general vocabulary rather than restricted to an academic domain, such as area, approach, create, similar, and occur in Sublist One.
The list is available on the Simple English Wiktionary.
See also
General Service List
References
Coxhead, A. (2000). A New Academic Word List. TESOL Quarterly, Vol. 34, No. 2 (Summer, 2000), pp. 213-238 https://www.jstor.org/stable/3587951
Hyland, K., & Tse, P. (June 2007). Is there an "Academic Vocabulary"? TESOL Quarterly, Volume 41, Number 2, pp. 235-253.
Hancioglu, N., Neufeld, S., & Eldridge, J. (2008). Through the looking glass and into the land of lexico-grammar. English for Specific Purposes 27/4, 459-479
External links
Academic Vocabulary
Vocabulary in EAP
Levels tests online
Lexis (linguistics)
Lists of English words |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaetosphaeridium%20globosum | Chaetosphaeridium globosum is a one-celled alga which is thought to represent an ancient lineage of the green plants. This organism exists in a filamentous form with one flagella per cell. It is a freshwater species. The flagellum is covered in scales in a 3-prong irregular shape called ‘maple leafs’. The cells are usually in diameter and with one pyrenoid. Each cell bears long bristle.
Researchers have found that the mitochondrial DNA of Chaetosphaeridium is markedly different from that of land plants, suggesting that the mitochondria of land plants evolved significantly after the common ancestor between them and living green algae. A very slight similarity exists between liverwort mtDNA and Chaetosphaeridium. The chloroplast DNA is markedly similar, however, indicating that a close relationship had existed between the Viridiplantae and the clade that includes Chaetosphaeridium. This seems to argue that chloroplasts in green plants originated in prehistoric green algae; the family which includes Chaetosphaeridium globosum.
Chloroplasts are known to be captured (symbiotic) cyanobacteria with their own genome. Part of this genome has been transferred to the nucleus and part has been retained in the chloroplast for the continuation of metabolic processes. This symbiosis, now proven by modern genomics, has shown us how Chaetosphaeridium globosum links ancient cyanobacteria with modern green plants.
References
Hausmann, Klaus. Hülsmann, Norbert. Radek, Renate. Protistology. |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margarite | Margarite is a calcium rich member of the mica group of the phyllosilicates with formula: CaAl2(Al2Si2)O10(OH)2. It forms white to pinkish or yellowish gray masses or thin laminae. It crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system. It typically has a specific gravity of around 3 and a Mohs hardness of 4. It is translucent with perfect 010 cleavage and exhibits crystal twinning.
It occurs commonly as an alteration product of corundum, andalusite and other aluminous minerals. It has been reported as forming alteration pseudomorphs of chiastolite along with muscovite and paragonite. The margarite in this occurrence forms preferentially along the dark graphite rich inclusions with the chiastolite crystals.
Margarite is found in the emery deposits of Turkey and the Aegean islands, and with corundum
at several localities in the United States.
References
Deer, W.A., R.A. Howie, and J. Zussman (1963) Rock-forming minerals, v. 3, Sheet Silicates, p. 95-98.
Mineral Data Publishing PDF
Monoclinic minerals
Minerals in space group 9
Mica group |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BH3%20interacting-domain%20death%20agonist | The BH3 interacting-domain death agonist, or BID, gene is a pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 protein family. Bcl-2 family members share one or more of the four characteristic domains of homology entitled the Bcl-2 homology (BH) domains (named BH1, BH2, BH3 and BH4), and can form hetero- or homodimers. Bcl-2 proteins act as anti- or pro-apoptotic regulators that are involved in a wide variety of cellular activities.
Interactions
BID is a pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein containing only the BH3 domain. In response to apoptotic signaling, BID interacts with another Bcl-2 family protein, Bax, leading to the insertion of Bax into organelle membranes, primarily the outer mitochondrial membrane. Bax is believed to interact with, and induce the opening of the mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel, VDAC. Alternatively, growing evidence suggest that activated Bax and/or Bak form an oligomeric pore, MAC in the outer membrane. This results in the release of cytochrome c and other pro-apoptotic factors (such as SMAC/DIABLO) from the mitochondria, often referred to as mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, leading to activation of caspases. This defines BID as a direct activator of Bax, a role common to some of the pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins containing only the BH3 domain.
The anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins, including Bcl-2 itself, can bind BID and inhibit BID's ability to activate Bax. As a result, the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins may inhibit apoptosis by sequestering B |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P53%20upregulated%20modulator%20of%20apoptosis | The p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) also known as Bcl-2-binding component 3 (BBC3), is a pro-apoptotic protein, member of the Bcl-2 protein family. In humans, the Bcl-2-binding component 3 protein is encoded by the BBC3 gene. The expression of PUMA is regulated by the tumor suppressor p53. PUMA is involved in p53-dependent and -independent apoptosis induced by a variety of signals, and is regulated by transcription factors, not by post-translational modifications. After activation, PUMA interacts with antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family members, thus freeing Bax and/or Bak which are then able to signal apoptosis to the mitochondria. Following mitochondrial dysfunction, the caspase cascade is activated ultimately leading to cell death.
Structure
The PUMA protein is part of the BH3-only subgroup of Bcl-2 family proteins. This group of proteins only share sequence similarity in the BH3 domain, which is required for interactions with Bcl-2-like proteins, such as Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. Structural analysis has shown that PUMA directly binds to antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins via an amphiphatic α-helical structure which is formed by the BH3 domain. The mitochondrial localization of PUMA is dictated by a hydrophobic domain on its C-terminal portion. PUMA protein degradation is regulated by phosphorylation at a conserved serine residue at position 10.[31]
Mechanism of action
Biochemical studies have shown that PUMA interacts with antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family members such as Bcl |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced%20protein%201 | Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PMAIP1 gene, and is also known as Noxa.
Noxa (Latin for damage) is a pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 protein family. Bcl-2 family members can form hetero- or homodimers, and they act as anti- or pro-apoptotic regulators that are involved in a wide variety of cellular activities. The expression of Noxa is regulated by the tumor suppressor p53, and Noxa has been shown to be involved in p53-mediated apoptosis.
Interactions
Noxa has been shown to interact with:
BCL2-like 1,
Bcl-2, and
MCL1.
See also
Apoptosis
Apoptosome
Bcl-2
Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX)
BH3 interacting domain death agonist (BID)
Caspases
Cytochrome c
Mitochondrion
p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA)
12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate)
References
Further reading
External links
Programmed cell death
Proteins
Apoptosis |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henriette%20Mertz | Henriette Mertz (1896 – August 17, 1985) was an American patent attorney from Chicago and a proponent of pseudoarchaeological hyperdiffusionism in relation to ancient American history. During World War II, she worked as a code-breaker for the U.S. government's cryptography department. She published several controversial works during the 1960s and 1970s relating to the early discovery and settlement of America.
She died on August 17, 1985, in Chicago at 89; her book The Mystic Symbol was published posthumously.
Career
Mertz was a cryptographer for the U.S. Navy during World War II. She then worked at the U.S. Copyright Office in Washington, D.C., as a patent lawyer. She traveled extensively to locations including the Amazon, the Andes, and Mexico.
Theories
In 1936, Mertz met a man in Mexico who she said "looked to be pure Chinese" but described himself as "Indian". It turned out that his family was originally from China, but had settled and lived in Mexico for many generations. After the war, she read An Inglorious Columbus (1885) by writer Edward P. Vining, which argued that Chinese explorers had founded Mexican culture and religion. To Mertz, this explained the curious case of the Mexican-Chinese-Indian man she had met many years prior. Lacking any training as a historian, she started developing her own theories about the Chinese discovery of the Americas, and decided to self-publish Pale Ink (1953) after the manuscript was rejected by commercial publishers.
Bat Creek |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helio%20Kickflip | The Kickflip, produced by VK Mobile, was one of Helio's two launch devices and was marketed heavily to MySpace users. The Kickflip is a swiveling cell phone, white in color and with a flat (screen-only) front. Some of the features included 2-megapixel camera, 90 minutes of video recording, side buttons, QVGA screen, and 8 day stand by/3 hour talk time battery life. Reviewers at PC Magazine and Infosync lauded the phones design aspects, but noted the lack of bluetooth capabilities and a wide range of bugs in the phone applications which affected the basic functionality of the phone.
References
Helio (wireless carrier)
Personal digital assistants |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missing%20data | In statistics, missing data, or missing values, occur when no data value is stored for the variable in an observation. Missing data are a common occurrence and can have a significant effect on the conclusions that can be drawn from the data.
Missing data can occur because of nonresponse: no information is provided for one or more items or for a whole unit ("subject"). Some items are more likely to generate a nonresponse than others: for example items about private subjects such as income. Attrition is a type of missingness that can occur in longitudinal studies—for instance studying development where a measurement is repeated after a certain period of time. Missingness occurs when participants drop out before the test ends and one or more measurements are missing.
Data often are missing in research in economics, sociology, and political science because governments or private entities choose not to, or fail to, report critical statistics, or because the information is not available. Sometimes missing values are caused by the researcher—for example, when data collection is done improperly or mistakes are made in data entry.
These forms of missingness take different types, with different impacts on the validity of conclusions from research: Missing completely at random, missing at random, and missing not at random. Missing data can be handled similarly as censored data.
Types
Understanding the reasons why data are missing is important for handling the remaining data correc |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NBCA | NBCA may refer to:
Narrow Burst Cutting Area
National Basketball Coaches Association, union representing NBA coaches
National Biodiversity Conservation Area
n-Butyl cyanoacrylate
New Braunfels Christian Academy
New Brunswick Court of Appeal
New Brunswick Curling Association
Nuneaton and Bedworth Community Association |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokia%206315i | The Nokia 6315i was a cell phone released in 2006 by Verizon Wireless for the United States market. Though branded as a Nokia model, the phone was manufactured by Pantech. The budget-priced 6315i featured Bluetooth, integrated video recording and speakerphone.
External links
Nokia 6315i (Verizon Wireless) - CNET Reviews
6315i |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gypsy%20Woman%20%28Crystal%20Waters%20song%29 | "Gypsy Woman (She's Homeless)" (also released as "Gypsy Woman (La da dee la da da)") is a song by American singer-songwriter Crystal Waters from her debut studio album, Surprise (1991). Written by Neal Conway and Waters, the song was released on April 3, 1991, as the lead single from the album. It is famous for its "la da dee, la dee da" refrain and its often-sampled keyboard riff, and is now widely regarded as one of the biggest classics of house music, being remixed several times since its release.
"Gypsy Woman" peaked at number eight on the US Billboard Hot 100 and topped the charts in Belgium, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, Switzerland, as well as on the Eurochart Hot 100. The song also peaked within the top 10 of the charts in at least eight countries, including Germany, Ireland, and the United Kingdom, and entered the top 20 in Australia and France. In 2020, Slant Magazine ranked "Gypsy Woman" number 10 in their list of "The 100 Best Dance Songs of All Time". And in 2022, Pitchfork and Rolling Stone featured it in their list of "The 250 Best Songs of the 1990s" and "200 Greatest Dance Songs of All Time".
Background
Crystal Waters grew up in a very musical family. Her great aunt, Ethel Waters, was a famous singer and actress in the 1940s. Waters' father was a jazz musician and her uncle was the lead saxophonist with MFSB. At age eleven, she began writing poetry and was inducted into the Poetry Society of America when she was 14, the youngest person ever to receive that |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flicker%20vertigo | Flicker vertigo, sometimes called the Bucha effect, is "an imbalance in brain-cell activity caused by exposure to low-frequency flickering (or flashing) of a relatively bright light." It is a disorientation-, vertigo-, and nausea-inducing effect of a strobe light flashing at 1 Hz to 20 Hz, approximately the frequency of human brainwaves. The effects are similar to seizures caused by epilepsy (in particular photosensitive epilepsy), but are not restricted to people with histories of epilepsy.
This phenomenon has been observed during helicopter flight; a Dr. Bucha identified the phenomenon in the 1950s when called upon to investigate a series of similar and unexplained helicopter crashes. Flicker vertigo in a helicopter occurs when the pilot or front passenger looks up through the blades of the main rotor as it turns in the sun causing the light to strobe.
The strobe light effect can cause persons who are vulnerable to flicker vertigo to experience symptoms such as:
Become disoriented and/or nauseated
Blink rapidly
Experience rapid eye movements behind closed eyelids
Lose control of fine motor functions
Experience muscle rigidity
These effects are typically very minor and will most often subside within seconds once exposure to the strobe effect has ceased, though residual nausea and minor disorientation may be felt for several minutes.
In extremely rare cases, severe reactions can happen including:
Total persistent loss of bodily functions
Loss of muscle/motor respon |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terna%20Nande | Terna Nande (born June 17, 1983) is a former American football linebacker. He was drafted by the Tennessee Titans in the fifth round of the 2006 NFL Draft after becoming the first and only non-lineman in NFL history to bench press over 40 reps at the NFL Combine. He played college football at Miami University.
Nande was also a member of the Indianapolis Colts and San Diego Chargers of the NFL and the BC Lions of the Canadian Football League
Nande's parents, David and Veronica, came to the United States from Nigeria to pursue an education.
References
External links
BC Lions bio
Miami RedHawks bio
Tennessee Titans bio
1983 births
Living people
Players of American football from Grand Rapids, Michigan
American football linebackers
Players of Canadian football from Michigan
Canadian football linebackers
Miami RedHawks football players
Tennessee Titans players
Indianapolis Colts players
San Diego Chargers players
BC Lions players
American sportspeople of Nigerian descent |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin%2017 | Interleukin 17 family (IL17 family) is a family of pro-inflammatory cystine knot cytokines. They are produced by a group of T helper cell known as T helper 17 cell in response to their stimulation with IL-23. Originally, Th17 was identified in 1993 by Rouvier et al. who isolated IL17A transcript from a rodent T-cell hybridoma. The protein encoded by IL17A is a founding member of IL-17 family (see below). IL17A protein exhibits a high homology with a viral IL-17-like protein () encoded in the genome of T-lymphotropic rhadinovirus Herpesvirus saimiri. In rodents, IL-17A is often referred to as CTLA8.
The biologically active IL-17 interacts with type I cell surface receptor IL-17R. In turn, there are at least three variants of IL-17R referred to as IL17RA, IL17RB, and IL17RC. After binding to the receptor, IL-17 activates several signalling cascades that, in turn, lead to the induction of chemokines. Acting as chemoattractants, these chemokines recruit the immune cells, such as monocytes and neutrophils to the site of inflammation. Typically, the signaling events mentioned above follow an invasion of the body by pathogens. Promoting the inflammation, IL-17 acts in concert with tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1. Moreover, an activation of IL-17 signalling is often observed in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune disorders, such as psoriasis.
Family members
The IL-17 family in humans comprises IL17A (sometimes confusingly called "IL-17"), IL17B, IL17C, IL17D, IL17E and |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin%2019 | Interleukin 19 (IL-19) is an immunosuppressive protein that belongs to the IL-10 cytokine subfamily.
Human IL-19 is encoded by the IL-19 gene which codes for 9 exons and is located on chromosome 1. The IL-19 protein is composed of 159 amino acids and has a quaternary structure with alpha helix motifs and loops. IL-19 is preferentially expressed in monocytes, macrophages, and T and B lymphocytes, but interacts with immune cells (macrophages, T cells, B cells) and non-immune cells (endothelial cells and brain resident glial cells, etc).
IL-19 initiates JAK-STAT signaling which activates genes and creates mRNA sequences (transcription) that are translated into proteins (translation) which have downstream effector functions. IL-19 signaling uses IL-20 dimer receptor complexes that bind the IL-19 ligand, Janus kinases (JAKs), and the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) to initiate the molecular signaling cascade shown on the diagram on the right.
Function
IL-19 is associated with broad functions across inflammation, cell development, viral responses, and lipid metabolism. As an immunosuppressive cytokine, IL-19 promotes the Th2 (regulatory) T-cell response which supports an anti-inflammatory lymphocyte phenotype, dampens the Th1 T-cell response and inflammatory cytokine secretion (IFNγ), increases IL-10 (anti-inflammatory) expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and inhibits the production of immunoglobulin G (IgG) from B cells.
Cell a |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transverse%20relaxation-optimized%20spectroscopy | Transverse relaxation optimized spectroscopy (TROSY) is an experiment in protein NMR spectroscopy that allows studies of large molecules or complexes.
The application of NMR to large molecules is normally limited by the fact that the line widths generally increase with molecular mass. Larger molecules have longer rotational correlation times and consequently shorter transverse relaxation times (T2). In other words, the NMR signal from larger molecules decays more rapidly, leading to line broadening in the NMR spectrum and poor resolution.
In an HSQC spectrum in which decoupling has not been applied, peaks appear as multiplets due to J-coupling. Crucially the different multiplet components have different widths. This is due to constructive or destructive interaction between different relaxation mechanisms. Typically for large proteins at high magnetic field strengths, the transverse (T2) relaxation is dominated by the dipole-dipole (DD) mechanism and the chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) mechanism. As the relaxation mechanisms are generally correlated but contribute to the overall relaxation rate of a given component with different signs, the multiplet components relax with very different overall rates. The TROSY experiment is designed to select the component for which the different relaxation mechanisms have almost cancelled, leading to a single, sharp peak in the spectrum. This significantly increases both spectral resolution and sensitivity, both of which are at a premi |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algebraic%20logic | In mathematical logic, algebraic logic is the reasoning obtained by manipulating equations with free variables.
What is now usually called classical algebraic logic focuses on the identification and algebraic description of models appropriate for the study of various logics (in the form of classes of algebras that constitute the algebraic semantics for these deductive systems) and connected problems like representation and duality. Well known results like the representation theorem for Boolean algebras and Stone duality fall under the umbrella of classical algebraic logic .
Works in the more recent abstract algebraic logic (AAL) focus on the process of algebraization itself, like classifying various forms of algebraizability using the Leibniz operator .
Calculus of relations
A homogeneous binary relation is found in the power set of for some set X, while a heterogeneous relation is found in the power set of , where . Whether a given relation holds for two individuals is one bit of information, so relations are studied with Boolean arithmetic. Elements of the power set are partially ordered by inclusion, and lattice of these sets becomes an algebra through relative multiplication or composition of relations.
"The basic operations are set-theoretic union, intersection and complementation, the relative multiplication, and conversion."
The conversion refers to the converse relation that always exists, contrary to function theory. A given relation may be represented by a log |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tir%20Iarll | ; ), is the traditional name of an area of Glamorgan, Wales, which has long had a particular resonance in Welsh culture.
In medieval times Tir Iarll was a cwmwd covering the present-day parishes of Llangynwyd, Betws, Cynffig and Margam. It long preserved traditional customs, notably the Mari Lwyd or Grey Mare.
The late medieval Welsh poets Rhys Brydydd, his son Rhisiart ap Rhys and brother (or son) Gwilym Tew all came from Tir Iarll.
References
Commotes
History of Glamorgan
Welsh culture |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rogue%20Trader%20%28film%29 | Rogue Trader is a 1999 British biographical drama film written and directed by James Dearden and starring Ewan McGregor and Anna Friel. The film centers on the life of former derivatives broker Nick Leeson and the 1995 collapse of Barings Bank.
Following an interview with Nick Leeson in prison, Sir David Frost realised the potential for a movie and optioned the rights to Nick's story. Frost executive produced the film, which was based on Leeson's 1996 book Rogue Trader: How I Brought Down Barings Bank and Shook the Financial World.
Plot
Rogue Trader tells the true story of Nick Leeson, a young employee of Barings Bank who after a successful spell working for the firm's office in Indonesia is sent to Singapore as General Manager of the Trading Floor on the SIMEX exchange. The movie follows Leeson's rise as he soon becomes one of Barings' key traders. However, everything isn't as it appears – through the 88888 error account, Nick is hiding huge losses as he gambles away Barings' money with little more than the bat of an eyelid from the powers-that-be back in London.
Eventually the losses mount up to well over £800 million and Nick, along with his wife Lisa, decide to leave Singapore and escape to Malaysia. Nick doesn't realise the severity of his losses until he reads in the newspaper that Barings has gone bankrupt. They then decide to return to London but Nick is arrested en route in Frankfurt. Nick is extradited to Singapore where he is sentenced to six and a half years i |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93-Glutamylmethylamide | γ-Glutamylmethylamide (gamma-glutamylmethylamide, abbrev. GMA, synonyms N-methyl-L-glutamine, metheanine) is an amino acid analog of the proteinogenic amino acids L-glutamic acid and L-glutamine, found primarily in plant and fungal species; simply speaking, it is L-glutamine methylated on the amide nitrogen. It is an identified important biosynthetic intermediate allowing bacteria (e.g., methanotrophs) use of methylated amines as carbon and nitrogen source for growth (and so of significant biotechnological interest). Like its close relative theanine, it is a pharmacologically active constituent of green tea, with preliminary evidence for at least comparable activity to theanine as a hypotensive.
See also
Theanine
Health effects of tea
References
Alpha-Amino acids
Tea |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flow%20coefficient | The flow coefficient of a device is a relative measure of its efficiency at allowing fluid flow. It describes the relationship between the pressure drop across an orifice valve or other assembly and the corresponding flow rate.
Mathematically the flow coefficient (or flow-capacity rating of valve) can be expressed as
where
is the rate of flow (expressed in US gallons per minute),
SG is the specific gravity of the fluid (for water = 1),
is the pressure drop across the valve (expressed in psi).
In more practical terms, the flow coefficient is the volume (in US gallons) of water at that will flow per minute through a valve with a pressure drop of across the valve.
The use of the flow coefficient offers a standard method of comparing valve capacities and sizing valves for specific applications that is widely accepted by industry. The general definition of the flow coefficient can be expanded into equations modeling the flow of liquids, gases and steam using the discharge coefficient.
For gas flow in a pneumatic system the for the same assembly can be used with a more complex equation. Absolute pressures (psia) must be used for gas rather than simply differential pressure.
For air flow at room temperature, when the outlet pressure is less than 1/2 the absolute inlet pressure, the flow becomes quite simple (although it reaches sonic velocity internally). With = 1.0 and 200 psia inlet pressure, the flow is 100 standard cubic feet per minute (scfm). The flow is propo |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-aligned%20gate | In semiconductor electronics fabrication technology, a self-aligned gate is a transistor manufacturing approach whereby the gate electrode of a MOSFET (metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor) is used as a mask for the doping of the source and drain regions. This technique ensures that the gate is naturally and precisely aligned to the edges of the source and drain.
The use of self-aligned gates in MOS transistors is one of the key innovations that led to the large increase in computing power in the 1970s. Self-aligned gates are still used in most modern integrated circuit processes.
Introduction
IC construction
Integrated circuits (ICs, or "chips") are produced in a multi-step process that builds up multiple layers on the surface of a disk of silicon known as a "wafer". Each layer is patterned by coating the wafer in photoresist and then exposing it to ultraviolet light being shone through a stencil-like "mask". Depending on the process, the photoresist that was exposed to light either hardens or softens, and in either case, the softer parts are then washed away. The result is a microscopic pattern on the surface of the wafer where a portion of the top layer is exposed while the rest is protected under the remaining photoresist.
The wafer is then exposed to a variety of processes that add or remove materials from the portions of the wafer that are unprotected by the photoresist. In one common process, the wafer is heated to around 1000 C and then exposed to |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soluble%20cell%20adhesion%20molecules | Soluble cell adhesion molecules (sCAMs) are a class of
cell adhesion molecule (CAMs - cell surface binding proteins) that may represent important biomarkers for inflammatory processes involving activation or damage to cells such as platelets and the endothelium.
They include soluble isoforms of the cell adhesion molecules ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin and P-selectin (distinguished as sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, sE-selectin and sP-selectin). The cellular expression of CAMs is difficult to assess clinically, but these soluble forms are present in the circulation and may serve as markers for CAMs.
Research has focused on their role in cardiovascular (particularly atherosclerosis), connective tissue and neoplastic diseases, where blood plasma levels may be a marker of the disease severity or prognosis, and they may be useful in evaluating progress of some treatments.
Many studies have postulated that increased production of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) on the vascular endothelium (blood vessel lining) plays a role in the development of arterial plaque, with the suggestion from both in vitro and in vivo studies that the CAM production is increased by dyslipidemia (abnormal lipid levels in the blood).
Research studies have used sCAMs as biomarkers to measure correlations with nutrients or nutrient levels as significant, or not.
Reference links
Transmembrane receptors
Signal transduction
Membrane biology
Cell adhesion proteins |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanchipurna | Kanchipurna was a twelfth century Vaishnavite acharya and one of the early teachers of Ramanuja. He is also known as Thirukachchi Nambigal.
Life
When Ramanuja and his guru Yadava Prakaasa parted ways due to their differences in interpreting the Vedic literature, Ramanuja became a devotee of the Varadaraja Perumal temple in Kanchi. It was during his time here that he met Kanchipurna, a fellow devotee. Ramanuja met with Kanchipurna regularly and soon Ramanuja decided that he would become Kanchipurna's disciple. When he approached Kanchipurna about this, Kanchipurna politely refused as he did not belong to the same caste as Ramanuja and was lower in the social ladder when compared to Ramanuja. After this Kanchipurna left for Tirupati to worship Venkateswara, a form of Vishnu, and would return only after six months. According to Sri Vaishnava tradition, when he finally returned, it was through him that Varadaraja (Vishnu) conveyed his wish to Ramanuja. Accordingly, Kanchipurna advised Ramanuja that it was the deity's wish that he leave for Srirangam and find solace in Mahapurna, another Vaishnavite acharya.
See also
Mahapurna
Parasara Bhattar
Koorathalvar
References
External links
Ramanuja and Kanchipurna
Medieval Hindu religious leaders
12th-century Indian philosophers
11th-century Indian philosophers
Indian Hindu spiritual teachers
Indian Vaishnavites
Sri Vaishnava religious leaders
Sri Vaishnava leaders from Kanchipuram district
Vedanta
Vaishnava saints |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamartino%20method | The Yamartino method is an algorithm for calculating an approximation of the circular variance of wind direction during a single pass through the incoming data.
Background
The simple method for calculating circular variance requires two passes through the list of values. The first pass determines the circular mean of those values, while the second pass determines the variance. This double-pass method requires access to all values.
There is also a single-pass method for calculating the standard deviation, but this method is unsuitable for angular data such as wind direction. Trying to calculate angular moments by naively applying the standard formulas to angular expressions yields absurd results. For example, a dataset that measures wind speeds of 1° and 359° would average to 180°, but expressing the same data as 1° and -1° (equal to 359°) would give an average of 0°. Thus, we define circular moments by placing all measured angles on a unit circle, then calculating the moments of these points.
The Yamartino method, introduced by Robert J. Yamartino in 1984, solves both problems
A further discussion of the Yamartino method, along with other methods of estimating the standard deviation of wind direction can be found in Farrugia & Micallef.
It is possible to calculate the exact standard deviation in one pass. However, that method needs slightly more calculation effort.
Algorithm
Over the time interval to be averaged across, n measurements of wind direction (θ) will be made |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAIH | WAIH was a student-run non-commercial radio station located in Potsdam, New York. Its 100-watt broadcast signal originated from the campus of the state university (SUNY Potsdam) on the frequency of 90.3 FM MHz. The station began free-air broadcasts on September 24, 1994, replacing a cable FM station (WRPS). The format of the station was mixed music, leaning towards "alternative" or less "pop-oriented" acts. WAIH also had a tradition of hosting many talk shows centered on subjects like sexuality, politics, and the general mix of talk and music. For many years, the station was referred to locally as "The Way," a moniker which students working at WAIH eventually adopted as an on-air tagline. On March 1, 2007, WAIH began simulcasting its radio signal over the Internet on its website.
WAIH's license was cancelled June 2, 2022. It was one of several SUNY-owned student radio stations whose licenses were allowed to lapse that day, without filing for renewal.
Trivia
Until the end in 2022, 90.3 "The Way" met every Sunday at 17:00 (5:00PM) in the second floor of the Barrington Student Union in the Fireside Lounge for their staff meetings
Every year until 2019, "The Way" hosted a shadow-cast of The Rocky Horror Picture Show, complete with a costume contest, and other means of obtaining prizes
References
External links
AIH
Radio stations established in 1994
1994 establishments in New York (state)
Radio stations disestablished in 2022
2022 disestablishments in New York (state)
Defun |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucas%27s%20theorem | In number theory, Lucas's theorem expresses the remainder of division of the binomial coefficient by a prime number p in terms of the base p expansions of the integers m and n.
Lucas's theorem first appeared in 1878 in papers by Édouard Lucas.
Statement
For non-negative integers m and n and a prime p, the following congruence relation holds:
where
and
are the base p expansions of m and n respectively. This uses the convention that if m < n.
Proofs
There are several ways to prove Lucas's theorem.
Consequences
A binomial coefficient is divisible by a prime p if and only if at least one of the base p digits of n is greater than the corresponding digit of m.
In particular, is odd if and only if the binary digits (bits) in the binary expansion of n are a subset of the bits of m.
Variations and generalizations
Kummer's theorem asserts that the largest integer k such that pk divides the binomial coefficient (or in other words, the valuation of the binomial coefficient with respect to the prime p) is equal to the number of carries that occur when n and m − n are added in the base p.
Generalizations of Lucas's theorem to the case of p being a prime power are given by Davis and Webb (1990) and Granville (1997).
The q-Lucas theorem is a generalization for the q-binomial coefficients, first proved by J. Désarménien.
References
External links
Articles containing proofs
Theorems about prime numbers |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rank%20%28differential%20topology%29 | In mathematics, the rank of a differentiable map between differentiable manifolds at a point is the rank of the derivative of at . Recall that the derivative of at is a linear map
from the tangent space at p to the tangent space at f(p). As a linear map between vector spaces it has a well-defined rank, which is just the dimension of the image in Tf(p)N:
Constant rank maps
A differentiable map f : M → N is said to have constant rank if the rank of f is the same for all p in M. Constant rank maps have a number of nice properties and are an important concept in differential topology.
Three special cases of constant rank maps occur. A constant rank map f : M → N is
an immersion if rank f = dim M (i.e. the derivative is everywhere injective),
a submersion if rank f = dim N (i.e. the derivative is everywhere surjective),
a local diffeomorphism if rank f = dim M = dim N (i.e. the derivative is everywhere bijective).
The map f itself need not be injective, surjective, or bijective for these conditions to hold, only the behavior of the derivative is important. For example, there are injective maps which are not immersions and immersions which are not injections. However, if f : M → N is a smooth map of constant rank then
if f is injective it is an immersion,
if f is surjective it is a submersion,
if f is bijective it is a diffeomorphism.
Constant rank maps have a nice description in terms of local coordinates. Suppose M and N are smooth manifolds of dimensions m and n re |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flippase | Flippases (rarely spelled flipases) are transmembrane lipid transporter proteins located in the membrane which belong to ABC transporter or P4-type ATPase families. They are responsible for aiding the movement of phospholipid molecules between the two leaflets that compose a cell's membrane (transverse diffusion, also known as a "flip-flop" transition). This is necessary to continue their normal function of growth and mobility. The possibility of active maintenance of an asymmetric distribution of molecules in the phospholipid bilayer was predicted in the early 1970s by Mark Bretscher. Although phospholipids diffuse rapidly in the plane of the membrane, their polar head groups cannot pass easily through the hydrophobic center of the bilayer, limiting their diffusion in this dimension. Some flippases - often instead called scramblases - are energy-independent and bidirectional, causing reversible equilibration of phospholipid between the two sides of the membrane, whereas others are energy-dependent and unidirectional, using energy from ATP hydrolysis to pump the phospholipid in a preferred direction. Flippases are described as transporters that move lipids from the exoplasmic to the cytosolic face, while floppases transport in the reverse direction.
Many cells maintain asymmetric distributions of phospholipids between their cytoplasmic and exoplasmic membrane leaflets. The loss of asymmetry, in particular the appearance of the anionic phospholipid phosphatidylserine on the e |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seeq | Seeq may refer to:
Seeq Technology, a semiconductor company founded in 1981 and sold to LSI Corporation in 1999
SEEQ Card, an electronic smartcard ticketing system used on TransLink (South East Queensland)
A race in the fictional universe setting Ivalice
Seeq Corporation, a data analytics software company founded in 2013
See also
SeeqPod |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triphenylarsine | Triphenylarsine is the chemical compound with the formula As(C6H5)3. This organoarsenic compound, often abbreviated AsPh3, is a colorless crystalline solid that is used as a ligand and a reagent in coordination chemistry and organic synthesis. The molecule is pyramidal with As-C distances of 1.942–1.956 Å and C-As-C angles of 99.6–100.5°.
This compound is prepared by the reaction of arsenic trichloride with chlorobenzene using sodium as the reducing agent:
AsCl3 + 3 PhCl + 6 Na → AsPh3 + 6 NaCl
Reactions
Reaction of triphenylarsine with lithium gives lithium diphenylarsenide:
AsPh3 + 2 Li → LiAsPh2 + LiPh
Triphenylarsine is the precursor to tetraphenylarsonium chloride, [AsPh4]Cl, a popular precipitating agent.
AsPh3 forms metal complexes with metals. Most are analogues of the corresponding triphenylphosphine derivatives. Examples include [[IrCl(CO)(AsPh3)]]2, [[RhCl(AsPh3)3]], and [[Fe(CO)4(AsPh3)]].
Tetraphenylarsonium chloride is prepared from triphenylarsine:
(C6H5)3As + Br2 → (C6H5)3AsBr2
(C6H5)3AsBr2 + H2O → (C6H5)3AsO + 2 HBr
(C6H5)3AsO + C6H5MgBr → (C6H5)4AsOMgBr
(C6H5)4AsOMgBr + 3 HCl → (C6H5)4AsCl.HCl + MgBrCl
(C6H5)4AsCl.HCl + NaOH → (C6H5)4AsCl + NaCl + H2O
References
Phenyl compounds
Organoarsenic compounds |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terna | Terna may refer to:
Places
Terňa, a village in the Prešov Region of Slovakia
Terna River, Latur District, Maharashtra, India
Religion
A terna is a list of three candidates for the office of bishop used in the episcopal selection process of the Roman Catholic Church
People
Fredrick Terna (1923-2022), Austrian-born American artist
Companies
Terna - Rete Elettrica Nazionale, the Italian electricity transmission operator
GEK Terna, a Greek construction industry conglomerate
Terna Energy, electric utilities branch of the Greek conglomerate GEK Terna |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence%20D.%20Brown | Lawrence David (Larry) Brown (16 December 1940 – 21 February 2018) was Miers Busch Professor and Professor of Statistics at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He is known for his groundbreaking work in a broad range of fields including decision theory, recurrence and partial differential equations, nonparametric function estimation, minimax and adaptation theory, and the analysis of census data and call-center data.
Career
Brown was educated at the California Institute of Technology and Cornell University, where he earned his Ph.D. in 1964. He earned numerous honors, including election to the United States National Academy of Sciences, and published widely, beginning with his Ph.D. research, which made major advances in admissibility. He was president of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics in 1992–93. He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2013.
After having been assistant professor at University of California at Berkeley, associate professor at Cornell Universitywith the latter move entailing a change from a statistics to a mathematics department, allowing him to avoid being drafted for the Vietnam Warand professor at Cornell University and Rutgers University, he was invited to join the Department of Statistics at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.
Personal life
Brown was born in Los Angeles to parents Louis M. Brown and Hermione Brown. He was married to Linda Zhao, a fello |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finlay%20%28band%29 | Finlay were a five piece indie rock band from London. The band was formed in 1996 by school friends Adam Straw, Anamik Saha and Christopher Allison. Lorna Crabbe joined in August 1997 (two weeks before their first gig), and Giles Littleford three years later. They released a single and an EP on their own label, Growl Wow Records, before signing with British independent label Fortuna Pop! who released their two albums to critical acclaim. Kerrang! called their debut a "Ragged and Wonderful sliver of a debut", while Uncut magazine described Finlay's sound as "heroic and inspired pop music tuned in from an unearthly frequency". The band became particularly known for their DIY lo-fi aesthetic, most evident in their earlier recordings.
Members
Adam Straw (guitars, vocals)
Anamik Saha (drums)
Christopher Allison (guitars)
Giles Littleford (bass)
Lorna Crabbe (keyboards, vocals)
Discography
Albums
I Dreams & Visions – CD Fortuna Pop!, 2003)
The Fall of Mary – CD Fortuna Pop!, 2006)
Singles
"Little Dancing Solos" – 7-inch Single (Growl Wow Records, 2000)
"Home" – 7-inch Single, CD Fortuna Pop!, 2003)
Compilation albums
Maladjusted Malarkey – Double 7-inch EP, Finlay contributed the track "Favourite Chair" (Full Strength Records, 2001)
Growl Wow EP No. 1 – 12-inch EP, Finlay contributed the track "Theme" (Growl Wow Records, 2002)
I am Five, Truck 2003 – CD album, Finlay contributed the track "Plastic Cowboy" (Truck Records, 2003)
Be True to Your School - A Fortuna POP! Compilatio |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyklopedia%20Internautica | Encyklopedia Internautica (Polish: "Encyclopedia Internautica") is a Polish Internet encyclopedia based on the Popularna Encyklopedia Powszechna (Popular Universal Encyclopedia) or Pinnex. It is freely accessible on the pages of Interia, Poland's third largest internet portal. As of 2006 the Encyklopedia Internautica had more than 120,000 entries.
External links
Official website
Polish online encyclopedias |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roper%20resonance | The Roper resonance, also known as P11(1440) or N(1440)1/2+, is an unstable nucleon resonance with a mass of about 1,440 MeV/c2 and with a relatively wide full Breit-Wigner width Γ ≈ 300 MeV/c2. It contains three quarks (up (u) or down (d)) with total spin J = 1/2 and total isospin I = 1/2. In the quark model it is considered to be a radially excited three-quark state with radial quantum number N = 2 and positive parity. The Roper Resonance has been a subject of many studies because its mass is actually lower than three-quark states with radial quantum number N = 1. Only in the late 2000s was the lower-than-expected mass explained by theoretical calculations, revealing a quark core shielded by a dense cloud of mesons.
Discovery
The Roper resonance was discovered in 1963 by a computer fit of particle-scattering theory to large amounts of pion-nucleon scattering data. The analysis was done on computers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory for Ph.D. thesis work of L. David Roper at Massachusetts Institute of Technology under the direction of Bernard Taub Feld at MIT and Michael J. Moravcsik at LLNL. The computer code was developed by Richard Allen Arndt and Robert M. Wright.
Decay
Because of the relatively large full width, which according to uncertainty principle means a shorter lifetime, the Roper resonance decays into a system consisting of other hadrons with sum of the masses less than the mass of the original state. The Roper resonance decays most of the time via |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twin-arginine%20translocation%20pathway | The twin-arginine translocation pathway (Tat pathway) is a protein export, or secretion pathway found in plants, bacteria, and archaea. In contrast to the Sec pathway which transports proteins in an unfolded manner, the Tat pathway serves to actively translocate folded proteins across a lipid membrane bilayer. In plants, the Tat translocase is located in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast, where it acts to export proteins into the thylakoid lumen. In bacteria, the Tat translocase is found in the cytoplasmic membrane and serves to export proteins to the cell envelope, or to the extracellular space. The existence of a Tat translocase in plant mitochondria is also proposed.
In the plant thylakoid membrane and in Gram-negative bacteria the Tat translocase is composed of three essential membrane proteins; TatA, TatB, and TatC. In the most widely studied Tat pathway, that of the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli, these three proteins are expressed from an operon with a fourth Tat protein, TatD, which is not required for Tat function. A fifth Tat protein TatE that is homologous to the TatA protein is present at a much lower level in the cell than TatA and is not believed to play any significant role in Tat function.
The Tat pathways of Gram-positive bacteria differ in that they do not have a TatB component. In these bacteria the Tat system is made up from a single TatA and TatC component, with the TatA protein being bifunctional and fulfilling the roles of both E. co |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segura%20de%20la%20Sierra | Segura de la Sierra is a small village in the province of Jaén, (Spain), that belongs to the region of Sierra de Segura in eastern Andalusia.
According to data provided by Spain's national statistics agency, Instituto Nacional de Estadística de España (INE), in 2005 there were 1,771 people living in the town, all them located in the Sierras de Cazorla, Segura y Las Villas Natural Park that includes the following villages:
Cortijos Nuevos
El Ojuelo
Carrasco
La Alberquilla
El Robledo
Rihornos
Trujala
Arroyo frío
Río Madera and Arroyo Canales
Catena
El Tobazo
El Puerto
History
The most important period for Segura de la Sierra was during the Arab occupation, when the town was called Saqura (). The village was conquered in 781 AD by Abul-Asvar who was responsible for building the several walls that surround the town. People were under the rule of the walíes serving the Córdoba kings.
After fighting between the Almohads, the Christians took the control and the king Alfonso VIII donated the village to the military Order of Santiago, many nobles and personalities were born or lived there in those days, including the poet Jorge Manrique.
After it was taken by the Castilian troops, part of its inhabitants resettled in the city of Safi, where they are known to this day by last name Shequri.
With the invasion of Napoleon's troops, the town was set on fire and most of its Archive was destroyed, losing a great part of the history of the village that will never be recove |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft%20Robotics%20Developer%20Studio | Microsoft Robotics Developer Studio (Microsoft RDS, MRDS) is a discontinued Windows-based environment for robot control and simulation that was aimed at academic, hobbyist, and commercial developers and handled a wide variety of robot hardware. It requires a Microsoft Windows 7 operating system or later.
RDS is based on Concurrency and Coordination Runtime (CCR): a .NET Framework-based concurrent library implementation for managing asynchronous parallel tasks. This technique involves using message-passing and a lightweight services-oriented runtime, Decentralized Software Services (DSS), which allows orchestrating multiple services to achieve complex behaviors.
Features include: a visual programming tool, Microsoft Visual Programming Language (VPL) to create and debug robot applications, web-based and windows-based interfaces, 3D simulation (including hardware acceleration), easy access to a robot's sensors and actuators. The primary programming language is C#.
Microsoft Robotics Developer Studio includes support for packages to add other services to the suite. Those currently available include Soccer Simulation and Sumo Competition by Microsoft, and a community-developed Maze Simulator, a program to create worlds with walls that can be explored by a virtual robot, and a set of services for OpenCV.
Components
RDS has four main components:
Concurrency and Coordination Runtime (CCR)
Decentralized Software Services (DSS)
Visual Programming Language (VPL)
Visual Simulati |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saccharomyces%20pastorianus | Saccharomyces pastorianus is a yeast used industrially for the production of lager beer, and was named in honour of Louis Pasteur by the German Max Reess in 1870. This yeast's complicated genome appears to be the result of hybridisation between two pure species in the Saccharomyces species complex, a factor that led to difficulty in establishing a proper taxonomy of the species.
The now-defunct synonym Saccharomyces carlsbergensis was and continues to be used in scientific literature, but is invalid, as the name Saccharomyces pastorianus (Reess 1870) has taxonomic precedence. The name S. carlsbergensis is typically attributed to Emil Christian Hansen from the era when he worked for the Danish brewery Carlsberg in 1883, but in actuality it was not officially described by Hansen as a distinct species until 1908, along with another synonym, Saccharomyces monacensis. The type strains of both synonyms are currently stored in yeast banks under the taxonomic name S. pastorianus.
History
So-called bottom-fermenting strains of brewing yeast were described as early as the 14th century in Nuremberg and have remained an indispensable part of both Franconian and Bavarian brewing culture in southern Germany through modern times. During the explosion of scientific mycological studies in the 19th century, the yeast responsible for producing these so-called "bottom fermentations" was finally given a taxonomical classification, Saccharomyces pastorianus, by the German Max Reess in 1870.
I |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seoul%20Semiconductor | Seoul Semiconductor develops and commercializes light-emitting diodes (LEDs) for automotive, general illumination, specialty lighting, and backlighting markets. It is the fourth-largest LED manufacturer globally.
References
External links
Seoul Semiconductor
Emcod LED Drivers
Electronics companies established in 1992
Light-emitting diode manufacturers
Electronics companies of South Korea
South Korean brands
Companies listed on KOSDAQ
South Korean companies established in 1992 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South%20Italy | South Italy ( or just ) is one of the five official statistical regions of Italy used by the National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT), a first level NUTS region and a European Parliament constituency. South Italy encompasses six of the country's 20 regions:
Abruzzo
Apulia
Basilicata
Calabria
Campania
Molise
South Italy is defined only for statistical and electoral purposes. It should not be confused with the Mezzogiorno, or Southern Italy, which refers to the areas of the former Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (once including the southern half of the Italian peninsula and Sicily) with the usual addition of the Western Mediterranean island of Sardinia. The latter and Sicily form a distinct statistical region, called Insular Italy.
Geography
South Italy borders central Italy to the northwest, while it is washed by the Adriatic Sea to the northeast, the Ionian Sea to the southeast and the Tyrrhenian Sea to the southwest.
The territory of south Italy is predominantly hilly and mountainous. The largest plains are the Tavoliere delle Puglie (second largest plain on the Italian peninsula), the Tavoliere salentino, the Campania plain, the Sele plain, the Metaponto plain, the Sibari plain and the Gioia Tauro plain. It is crossed from north to south by the Apennine Mountains, whose highest mountain is the Gran Sasso d'Italia ().
Demography
In 2022, the population resident in south Italy amounts to inhabitants.
Regions
Most populous municipalities
Below is the list of the populati |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minor%20spliceosome | The minor spliceosome is a ribonucleoprotein complex that catalyses the removal (splicing) of an atypical class of spliceosomal introns (U12-type) from messenger RNAs in some clades of eukaryotes. This process is called noncanonical splicing, as opposed to U2-dependent canonical splicing. U12-type introns represent less than 1% of all introns in human cells. However they are found in genes performing essential cellular functions.
Early evidence
A notable feature of eukaryotic nuclear pre-mRNA introns is the relatively high level of conservation of the primary sequences of 5' and 3' splice sites over a great range of organisms.
Between 1989 and 1991, several groups reported four independent examples of introns with a splice site that differed from the common intron:
Cartilage matrix protein (CMP/MATN1) gene in humans and chickens
Proliferating cell nucleolar protein P120 (NOL1) gene in humans
Mouse Rep3 gene, presumably involved in DNA repair
Drosophila prospero gene that encodes for a homeobox protein
In 1991 by comparing the intron sequences of P120 and CMP genes, IJ Jackson reported the existence of ATATCC (5') and YYCAC (3') splice sites in these introns. The finding indicated a possible novel splicing mechanism.
In 1994, S.L. Hall and R.A. Padgett compared the primary sequence of all reports on the four genes mentioned above. The results suggested a new type of introns with ATATCCTT 5' splice sites and YCCAC 3' splice sites and an almost invariant TCCTTAAC sequenc |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaspalast%20%28Munich%29 | The Glaspalast (Glass Palace) was a glass and iron exhibition building located in the Old botanical garden in Munich modeled after the Crystal Palace in London. The Glaspalast opened for the first General German Industrial Exhibition on July 15, 1854.
Planning
Following other examples around Europe, the Glaspalast was ordered by Maximilian II, King of Bavaria, in order to hold the Erste Allgemeine Deutsche Industrieausstellung (First General German Industrial Exhibition) on July 15, 1854.
Originally it was planned to erect the building on . However, the relevant Commission decision preferred an area near the railway station. Designed by architect August von Voit and built by MAN AG, the building was built in 1854 to the north of the Old Botanical Garden close to the Stachus.
Construction
Following the completion of 1853 and the planned and conservatory of Munich Residence, a glass with cast iron design was used, using existing experience for this modern building.
As with the Crystal Palace in London, initial designs were relatively complex. Due to the short time available for construction, the design was significantly simplified and relied on use of standard components. Conventional construction methods were not possible due to the large amount of building materials required.
The two-storied building was long, wide and high. The elongated rectangular glass palace, in the form of a five-nave and two-storey main building in the hall with a transept in the middle and r |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crna%20Reka | Crna Reka or Crna Rijeka (Macedonian and Serbo-Croatian for "Black River"), or Crna River may refer to:
Villages
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Crna Rijeka (Novi Grad), a village in municipality of Novi Grad, Republika Srpska
Serbia
Crna Reka (Trgovište), a village in municipality of Trgovište
Rivers
Bosnia and Herzegovina
, tributary of Sava
Crna River (Vrbas), tributary of Vrbas
Crna River (Vrbanja), tributary of Vrbanja
Crna River (Ilomska), tributary of Ilomska
Crna River (Lepenica), tributary of Lepenica
Crna River (Željeznica), tributary of Željeznica
North Macedonia
Crna River (Vardar), tributary of Vardar
Serbia
, tributary of Ibar
Crna River or Crni Timok
Other
Crna Reka Monastery, a monastery in Serbia
See also
Black River (disambiguation) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majoidea | The Majoidea are a superfamily of crabs which includes the various spider crabs.
Taxonomy
In "A classification of living and fossil genera of decapod crustaceans" De Grave and colleagues divided Majoidea into six families:
Family Epialtidae
Subfamily Epialtinae
Subfamily Pisinae
Subfamily Pliosomatinae
Subfamily Tychiinae
Family Hymenosomatidae
Family Inachidae
Family Inachoididae
Family Majidae
Subfamily Eurynolambrinae
Subfamily Majinae
Subfamily Micromaiinae
Subfamily Mithracinae
Subfamily Planoterginae
Family Oregoniidae
The classification has since been revised, with subfamilies Epialtinae and Mithracinae being elevated to families and Hymenosomatidae being moved to its own superfamily. The family composition according to the World Register of Marine Species is as follows:
family Epialtidae MacLeay, 1838
family Inachidae MacLeay, 1838
family Inachoididae Dana, 1851
family Macrocheiridae Dana, 1851
family Majidae Samouelle, 1819 – "true" spider crabs
family Mithracidae Balss, 1929
family Oregoniidae Garth, 1958
family Priscinachidae Breton, 2009
Notable species within the superfamily include:
Japanese spider crab (Macrocheira kaempferi), the largest living species of crab, found on the bottom of the Pacific Ocean.
Libinia emarginata, the portly spider crab, a species of crab found in estuarine habitats on the east coast of North America.
Hyas, a genus of spider crabs, including the great spider crab (Hyas araneus), found in the Atlantic and |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retroplumidae | Retroplumidae is a family of heterotrematan crabs, placed in their own (monotypic) superfamily, Retroplumoidea.
Classification
Eight genera are recognised, of which all but two are only known from fossils:
Archaeopus † Rathbun, 1908
Bathypluma de Saint Laurent, 1989
Costacopluma † Collins & Morris, 1975
Cristipluma † Bishop, 1983a
Loerentheya † Lőrenthey, in Lőrenthey & Beurlen, 1929
Loerenthopluma † Beschin, Busulini, De Angeli & Tessier, 1996
Retrocypoda † Vía, 1959
Retropluma Gill, 1894
Ten species in two genera survive in the deep sea of the Indo-Pacific region:
Bathypluma chuni (Doflein, 1904)
Bathypluma forficula De Saint Laurent, 1989
Bathypluma spinifer De Saint Laurent, 1989
Retropluma denticulata Rathbun, 1932
Retropluma quadrata De Saint Laurent, 1989
Retropluma notopus (Alcock & Anderson, 1894)
Retropluma planiforma Kensley, 1969
Retropluma plumosa Tesch, 1918
Retropluma serenei De Saint Laurent, 1989
Retropluma solomonensis McLay, 2006
Fossil specimens ascribed to the Retroplumidae are known from the Late Cretaceous onwards, with Archaeopus antennatus in Coniacian–Maastrichtian rocks in California and Archaeopus ezoensis from Turonian–Maastrichtian rocks from Japan.
References
Crabs
Extant Maastrichtian first appearances
Decapod families |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marshal%20of%20Italy | Marshal of Italy () was a rank in the Royal Italian Army (Regio Esercito). Originally created in 1924 by Italian dictator Benito Mussolini for the purpose of honoring Generals Luigi Cadorna and Armando Diaz, the rank was granted to several other general officers from 1926 to 1943. The rank was the highest in the Italian Army prior to the creation of the rank of First Marshal of the Empire in 1938. The rank of Marshal of Italy was abolished in 1946 with the creation of the Italian Republic. The equivalent Royal Navy (Regia Marina) rank was Grand Admiral (Grande Ammiraglio), while the equivalent Air Force (Regia Aeronautica) rank was Marshal of the Air Force (Maresciallo dell'Aria).
The rank was formally abolished on 18 January 1947 by the Provisional Head of State Enrico de Nicola.
List of the Marshals of Italy
Gallery
See also
Marshal (Italy) – an intermediate rank between sergeants and officers.
First marshal of the empire
Italo Balbo – Marshal of the Air Force
Paolo Thaon di Revel – Grand Admiral
References
Military ranks of Italy |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phycodnaviridae | Phycodnaviridae is a family of large (100–560 kb) double-stranded DNA viruses that infect marine or freshwater eukaryotic algae. Viruses within this family have a similar morphology, with an icosahedral capsid (polyhedron with 20 faces). As of 2014, there were 33 species in this family, divided among 6 genera. This family belongs to a super-group of large viruses known as nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses. Evidence was published in 2014 suggesting that specific strains of Phycodnaviridae might infect humans rather than just algal species, as was previously believed. Most genera under this family enter the host cell by cell receptor endocytosis and replicate in the nucleus. Phycodnaviridae play important ecological roles by regulating the growth and productivity of their algal hosts. Algal species such Heterosigma akashiwo and the genus Chrysochromulina can form dense blooms which can be damaging to fisheries, resulting in losses in the aquaculture industry. Heterosigma akashiwo virus (HaV) has been suggested for use as a microbial agent to prevent the recurrence of toxic red tides produced by this algal species. Phycodnaviridae cause death and lysis of freshwater and marine algal species, liberating organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus into the water, providing nutrients for the microbial loop.
Taxonomy
Group: double-stranded DNA
The taxonomy of this family was initially based on host range: chloroviruses infect chlorella-like green algae from freshwaters; whereas, mem |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDE1 | Phosphodiesterase 1, PDE1, EC 3.1.4.1, systematic name oligonucleotide 5-nucleotidohydrolase) is a phosphodiesterase enzyme also known as calcium- and calmodulin-dependent phosphodiesterase. It is one of the 11 families of phosphodiesterase (PDE1-PDE11). Phosphodiesterase 1 has three subtypes, PDE1A, PDE1B and PDE1C which divide further into various isoforms. The various isoforms exhibit different affinities for cAMP and cGMP.
Discovery
The existence of the Ca2+-stimulated Phosphodiesterase 1 was first demonstrated by Cheung (1970), Kakiuchi and Yamazaki (1970) as a result of their research on bovine brain and rat brain respectively. It has since been found to be widely distributed in various mammalian tissues as well as in other eukaryotes. It is now one of the most intensively studied member of the PDE superfamily of enzymes, which today represents 11 gene families, and the best characterized one as well.
Further research in the field along with increased availability of monoclonal antibodies has shown that various phosphodiesterase 1 isoenzymes exist and have been identified and purified. It is now known that phosphodiesterase 1 exists as tissue specific isozymes.
Structure
The phosphodiesterase 1 isozyme family belongs to a Class I enzymes, which includes all vertebrate phosphodiesterases and some yeast enzymes. Class I enzymes all have a catalytic core of at least 250 amino acids whereas Class II enzymes lack such a common feature.
Usually vertebrate PDEs are dimer |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roton%20%28disambiguation%29 | Roton is the name of
Roton, an excitation in superfluid Helium-4
Roton (label), a Romanian record label
Roton, the design for a single-stage-to-orbit vehicle designed by Gary Hudson that was developed at Rotary Rocket
Roton, a toy rotary vehicle. Released as part of the 1980s He-man and the Masters of the Universe toy-line by Mattel |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population%20Reference%20Bureau | The Population Reference Bureau (PRB) is a private, nonprofit organization specializing in collecting and supplying statistics necessary for research and/or academic purposes focused on the environment, and health and structure of populations. The PRB works in the United States and internationally with a wide range of partners in the government, nonprofit, research, business, and philanthropy sectors.
History
In the early 1930s, the Population Reference Bureau (PRB) shared office space with the Population Association of America, which was created in May 1931 in New York City. This association focuses its work around many aspects, such as reproductive health and fertility, children and families, global health, urbanization, and more.
Funding and partners
The PRB receives support from a number of foundations, non-governmental organizations, and government agencies. Examples of such funding include the Annie E. Casey Foundation, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, the United States Census Bureau, and the World Health Organization.
The PRB partners with about 80 other organizations all around the world, in countries like Sudan, Egypt, and Uganda, to name a few. These partners vary in foci and location, ranging from renowned research institutions such as the International Center for Research on Women to public education institutions such as the University of South Florida.
Capabilities
The Population Reference Bureau has many capabilities in providing infor |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1933%E2%80%9334%20Serie%20A | The 1933–34 Serie A season was won by Juventus.
Teams
Livorno and Brescia had been promoted from Serie B.
Events
A temporary relegation spot was added to reduce the league.
Final classification
Results
Top goalscorers
References and sources
Almanacco Illustrato del Calcio – La Storia 1898–2004, Panini Edizioni, Modena, September 2005
External links
Italy 1933/34 – All results on RSSSF Website.
Serie A seasons
Italy
1933–34 in Italian football leagues |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphodiesterase%202 | The PDE2 (phosphodiesterase 2) enzyme is one of 21 different phosphodiesterases (PDE) found in mammals. These different PDEs can be subdivided to 11 families (PDE1 – PDE11). The different PDEs of the same family are functionally related despite the fact that their amino acid sequences show considerable divergence. The PDEs have different substrate specificities. Some are cAMP selective hydrolases (PDE 4, -7 and -8), others are cGMP selective hydrolases (PDE 5, -6 and -9) and the rest can hydrolyse both cAMP and cGMP (PDE1, -2, -3, -10 and -11).
There is only one gene family coding for the PDE2, which is the PDE2A. Three splice variants have been found, the PDE2A1, PDE2A2 and PDE2A3 (PDE2A2 has only been found in rats). PDE2A1 is cytosolic whereas -A2 and -A3 are membrane bound. It has been suggested that different localization of PDE2A2 and -A3 is due to a unique N-terminal sequence, which is absent in PDE2A1. Despite the PDE2A splice variants being different, there is no known differences in their kinetic behavior.
Crystal structure
The crystal structure of the active site of the PDE2 enzyme has been reported. Even though amino acid sequences, for members of the PDE family show considerable difference (25-35% identity), the overall folding, functional and structural elements of the active sites are very similar. The active site is formed by residues that are highly conserved among all PDEs. The binding pocket contains metal ion (zinc and magnesium) binding sites. The two |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1934%E2%80%9335%20Serie%20A | The 1934–35 Serie A season was won by Juventus.
Teams
Sampierdarenese had been promoted from Serie B.
Final classification
Results
Top goalscorers
References and sources
Almanacco Illustrato del Calcio - La Storia 1898-2004, Panini Edizioni, Modena, September 2005
External links
- All results on RSSSF Website.
Serie A seasons
Italy
1934–35 in Italian football leagues |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1935%E2%80%9336%20Serie%20A | The 1935–36 Serie A season was won by Bologna.
Teams
Genova 1893 and Bari had been promoted from Serie B.
Final classification
Results
Top goalscorers
References and sources
Almanacco Illustrato del Calcio - La Storia 1898-2004, Panini Edizioni, Modena, September 2005
External links
- All results on RSSSF Website.
Serie A seasons
Italy
1935–36 in Italian football leagues |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1936%E2%80%9337%20Serie%20A | The 1936–37 Serie A season was won by Bologna.
Teams
Lucchese and Novara had been promoted from Serie B.
Final classification
Note: Genova qualified as Coppa Italia winners.
Results
Top goalscorers
References and sources
Almanacco Illustrato del Calcio - La Storia 1898-2004, Panini Edizioni, Modena, September 2005
External links
- All results on RSSSF Website.
Serie A seasons
Italy
1936–37 in Italian football leagues |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pietro%20Perna | Pietro Perna (1519 – 16 August 1582) was an Italian printer, the leading printer of Late Renaissance Basel, the Erasmian crossroads between Italian Renaissance humanism and the Protestant Reformation. His books promoted the Italian heretical thinkers at the origins of Socinianism and the theory of Tolerance. He was a major publisher of Protestant historians like Flacius Illyricus and David Chytraeus and promoted the ars historica treatises of the period, notably the 18 authores de historia in Artis Historicae Penus (1579).
A native of Villa Basilica, in the Republic of Lucca, and a Dominican, he arrived in Basel in 1544 as a disciple of the reformer Pietro Martire Vermigli and with the help of Pietro Carnesecchi. As a printer he started as an assistant to the renowned Johannes Oporinus and set up a press of his own in 1558. As a bookseller and apprentice printer he established a network of Italian connections that helped him act as a go between and publisher of Italian reformed thinkers and writers, such as Vermigli, Pier Paolo Vergerio, Jacopo Aconcio, Bernardino Ochino, Lelio Sozzini, Sebastian Castellio, Celio Secondo Curione, etc. He published the editio princeps of the original Greek text of the Enneads of Plotinus. He produced important editions of Machiavelli and Bodin, Guicciardini and Lodovico Castelvetro. He published works of Paracelsus and various Paracelsians but also served as the chief printer of Paracelsus's leading critic Thomas Erastus. In 1570 Perna sent t |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonofibril | Tonofibrils are cytoplasmic protein structures in epithelial tissues that converge at desmosomes and hemidesmosomes. They consist of fine fibrils in epithelial cells that are anchored to the cytoskeleton. They were discovered by Rudolf Heidenhain, and first described in detail by Louis-Antoine Ranvier in 1897.
Composition
Tonofilaments are keratin intermediate filaments that makes up tonofibrils in the epithelial tissue. In epithelial cells, tonofilaments loop through desmosomes. Electron microscopy has advanced now to illustrate the tonofilaments more clearly.
The protein filaggrin is believed to be synthesized as a giant precursor protein, profilaggrin (>400 kDA in humans). When filaggrin binds to keratin intermediate filaments, the keratin aggregates into macrofibrils.
References
External links
Diagram at ultrakohl.com
Keratins
Cytoskeleton |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rellich%E2%80%93Kondrachov%20theorem | In mathematics, the Rellich–Kondrachov theorem is a compact embedding theorem concerning Sobolev spaces. It is named after the Austrian-German mathematician Franz Rellich and the Russian mathematician Vladimir Iosifovich Kondrashov. Rellich proved the L2 theorem and Kondrashov the Lp theorem.
Statement of the theorem
Let Ω ⊆ Rn be an open, bounded Lipschitz domain, and let 1 ≤ p < n. Set
Then the Sobolev space W1,p(Ω; R) is continuously embedded in the Lp space Lp∗(Ω; R) and is compactly embedded in Lq(Ω; R) for every 1 ≤ q < p∗. In symbols,
and
Kondrachov embedding theorem
On a compact manifold with boundary, the Kondrachov embedding theorem states that if and then the Sobolev embedding
is completely continuous (compact).
Consequences
Since an embedding is compact if and only if the inclusion (identity) operator is a compact operator, the Rellich–Kondrachov theorem implies that any uniformly bounded sequence in W1,p(Ω; R) has a subsequence that converges in Lq(Ω; R). Stated in this form, in the past the result was sometimes referred to as the Rellich–Kondrachov selection theorem, since one "selects" a convergent subsequence. (However, today the customary name is "compactness theorem", whereas "selection theorem" has a precise and quite different meaning, referring to set-valued functions).
The Rellich–Kondrachov theorem may be used to prove the Poincaré inequality, which states that for u ∈ W1,p(Ω; R) (where Ω satisfies the same hypotheses as above),
for some |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goliath%20transmitter | Goliath transmitter was a very low frequency (VLF) transmitter for communicating with submarines, built by Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine navy near Kalbe an der Milde in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany, which was in service from 1943 to 1945. It was capable of transmission power of between 100 and 1000 kW and was the most powerful transmitter of its time.
History
Submarines are shielded by conducting seawater from ordinary radio communication frequencies, but radio waves in the very low frequency (VLF) band from 3 to 30 kHz can penetrate seawater to depths of about 50 feet, allowing submarines to receive communications without surfacing and becoming vulnerable to detection. From 1943 to the end of World War II, Goliath was the main radio transmitter for German submarine radio communications, operating on frequencies between 15 and 25 kHz with a main working frequency of 16.55 kHz. Transmitting up to 1000 kilowatts of power, Goliath's transmissions could be received worldwide including submerged submarines in the Caribbean, but had difficulty penetrating Norwegian fjords.
Technical characteristics
Goliath used three umbrella antennas, which were arranged radially around three 210 metre tall guyed steel tube masts and were insulated against ground. At their edges these antennas were mounted on grounded 170 metre tall guyed lattice steel masts. Three of these masts carried two umbrella antennas to comprise 15 lattice steel masts.
Legacy of Goliath after 1945
Shortly after World Wa |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoimmune%20regulator | The autoimmune regulator (AIRE) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AIRE gene. It is a 13kb gene on chromosome 21q22.3 that has 545 amino acids. AIRE is a transcription factor expressed in the medulla (inner part) of the thymus. It is part of the mechanism which eliminates self-reactive T cells that would cause autoimmune disease. It exposes T cells to normal, healthy proteins from all parts of the body, and T cells that react to those proteins are destroyed.
Each T cell recognizes a specific antigen when it is presented in complex with a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule by an antigen presenting cell. This recognition is accomplished by the T cell receptors expressed on the cell surface. T cells receptors are generated by randomly shuffled gene segments which results in a highly diverse population of T cells—each with a unique antigen specificity. Subsequently, T cells with receptors that recognize the body's own proteins need to be eliminated while still in the thymus. Through the action of AIRE, medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTEC) express major proteins from elsewhere in the body (so called "tissue-restricted antigens" - TRA) and T cells that respond to those proteins are eliminated through cell death (apoptosis). Thus AIRE drives negative selection of self-recognizing T cells. When AIRE is defective, T cells that recognize antigens normally produced by the body can exit the thymus and enter circulation. This can result in a variety of autoim |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute%20of%20Education%20Sciences | The Institute of Education Sciences (IES) is the independent, non-partisan statistics, research, and evaluation arm of the U.S. Department of Education. IES' stated mission is to provide scientific evidence on which to ground education practice and policy and to share this information in formats that are useful and accessible to educators, parents, policymakers, researchers, and the public. It was created as part of the Education Sciences Reform Act of 2002.
The first director of IES was Grover Whitehurst, who was appointed in November 2002 and served for six years. Mark Schneider is currently the Director of IES.
Divisions
IES is divided into four major research and statistics centers:
National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance (NCEE)—NCEE conducts large-scale evaluations and provides research-based technical assistance and information about high-quality research to educators and policymakers in a variety of different formats. NCEE's work includes evaluations of education programs and practices supported by federal funds; the Regional Educational Laboratory Program; the Education Resources Information Center (ERIC); the What Works Clearinghouse; and the National Library of Education. Matthew Soldner is the Commissioner of NCEE.
National Center for Education Research (NCER)—NCER supports research to improve student outcomes and education quality in the United States and pursue workable solutions to the challenges faced by educators and the educatio |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLIP%20%28protein%29 | CLIP or Class II-associated invariant chain peptide is the part of the invariant chain (Ii) that binds to the peptide binding groove of MHC class II and remains there until the MHC receptor is fully assembled. CLIP is one of the most prevalent self peptides found in the thymic cortex of most antigen-presenting cells. The purpose of CLIP is to prevent the degradation of MHC II dimers before antigenic peptides bind, and to prevent autoimmunity.
During MHC II assembly in the endoplasmic reticulum, the invariant chain polypeptide complexes with MHC II heterodimers. In a late endosome/early lysosome, cathepsin S cleaves the invariant chain, leaving CLIP bound to the MHC II complex. In the presence of antigenic peptide fragments, HLA-DM partially binds to the MHC II peptide binding groove and acts as a catalyst, releasing CLIP and allowing peptides to bind. Antigenic peptides have a high affinity for the MHC II groove, and are readily exchanged for CLIP. This occurs in most cells expressing MHC II–however, in B cells, HLA-DO functions as the accessory protein. Both HLA-DM and HLA-DO interact with each other to act as chaperone proteins and prevent the denaturing of MHC II. MHC II with bound antigen is then transported to the plasma membrane for presentation.
CLIP also can affect the differentiation of T cells. MHC II + CLIP complexes are upregulated on maturing dendritic cells, which activate and differentiate T cells into Thelper (Th) and Tcytotoxic (Tc) cells. Th cells can pol |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dropbox%20%28band%29 | Dropbox was a five-piece American rock band formed in 2002 in New York City. Their debut album, Dropbox, was released on the Universal Records label with the help of Sully Erna.
History
The band's self-titled 2004 album charted at number 182 on the Billboard 200 chart. It had a minor hit song in "Wishbone" which received some air time on MTV2 and Fuse and was featured in TV commercials.
During the group's brief existence, frontman John Kosco provided guest vocals on Godsmack's acoustic release, "Touché", which found moderate success as well.
Post-Dropbox
After the demise of Dropbox, Kosco and Joe Wilkinson formed a new group with bassist John Freeman and drummer Chris Hamilton, formerly of Bloodsimple, called Saint Caine. Lee Richards went on to join his former Godsmack bandmates in Another Animal as a second guitarist.
Discography
Dropbox (2004)
References
External links
Dropbox on Facebook
Alternative rock groups from New York (state)
Hard rock musical groups from New York (state)
Musical groups established in 2002
2002 establishments in New York City |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cayley%2C%20Alberta | Cayley is a hamlet in southern Alberta, Canada within the Foothills County. It is also recognized as a designated place by Statistics Canada.
Cayley is approximately south of Calgary, south of High River and west of Highway 2 on Range Road 290 (former designated as Highway 2A). It is located within Census Division No. 6.
History
The community was named for the Hon. Hugh St. Quentin Cayley, a barrister and the publisher of the Calgary Herald in 1884, who also represented Calgary in the Northwest Territories legislature from 1886 to 1894. The hamlet originally contained at least seven grain elevators; all have been demolished. Cayley is also home to a Hutterite colony and a colony school; in 2001, two Cayley Colony girls were the first students from an Alberta colony school to write provincial diploma exams and graduate from high school.
Incorporation history
Previously incorporated as a village on August 4, 1904, Cayley dissolved to hamlet status on June 1, 1996.
Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Cayley had a population of 414 living in 166 of its 170 total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of 377. With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2021.
As a designated place in the 2016 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Cayley had a population of 340 living in 143 of its 143 total private dwellings, a change of from its 2011 population of 265. With a land area of , it had |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rank%20abundance%20curve | A rank abundance curve or Whittaker plot is a chart used by ecologists to display relative species abundance, a component of biodiversity. It can also be used to visualize species richness and species evenness. It overcomes the shortcomings of biodiversity indices that cannot display the relative role different variables played in their calculation.
The curve is a 2D chart with relative abundance on the Y-axis and the abundance rank on the X-axis.
X-axis: The abundance rank. The most abundant species is given rank 1, the second most abundant is 2 and so on.
Y-axis: The relative abundance. Usually measured on a log scale, this is a measure of a species abundance (e.g., the number of individuals) relative to the abundance of other species.
Interpreting a rank abundance curve
The rank abundance curve visually depicts both species richness and species evenness. Species richness can be viewed as the number of different species on the chart i.e., how many species were ranked. Species evenness is reflected in the slope of the line that fits the graph (assuming a linear, i.e. logarithmic series, relationship). A steep gradient indicates low evenness as the high-ranking species have much higher abundances than the low-ranking species. A shallow gradient indicates high evenness as the abundances of different species are similar.
Quantitative comparison of rank abundance curves
Quantitative comparison of rank abundance curves of different communities can be done using RADanalysis p |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Killing%20tensor | In mathematics, a Killing tensor or Killing tensor field is a generalization of a Killing vector, for symmetric tensor fields instead of just vector fields. It is a concept in pseudo-Riemannian geometry, and is mainly used in the theory of general relativity. Killing tensors satisfy an equation similar to Killing's equation for Killing vectors. Like Killing vectors, every Killing tensor corresponds to a quantity which is conserved along geodesics. However, unlike Killing vectors, which are associated with symmetries (isometries) of a manifold, Killing tensors generally lack such a direct geometric interpretation. Killing tensors are named after Wilhelm Killing.
Definition and properties
In the following definition, parentheses around tensor indices are notation for symmetrization. For example:
Definition
A Killing tensor is a tensor field (of some order m) on a (pseudo)-Riemannian manifold which is symmetric (that is, ) and satisfies:
This equation is a generalization of Killing's equation for Killing vectors:
Properties
Killing vectors are a special case of Killing tensors. Another simple example of a Killing tensor is the metric tensor itself. A linear combination of Killing tensors is a Killing tensor. A symmetric product of Killing tensors is also a Killing tensor; that is, if and are Killing tensors, then is a Killing tensor too.
Every Killing tensor corresponds to a constant of motion on geodesics. More specifically, for every geodesic with tangent vector , the |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group%20III%20intron | Group III intron is a class of introns found in mRNA genes of chloroplasts in euglenid protists. They have a conventional group II-type dVI with a bulged adenosine, a streamlined dI, no dII-dV, and a relaxed splice site consensus. Splicing is done with two transesterification reactions with a dVI bulged adenosine as initiating nucleophile; the intron is excised as a lariat. Not much is known about how they work, although an isolated chloroplast transformation system has been constructed.
Discovery and identification
In 1984, Montandon and Stutz reported examples of a novel type of introns in Euglena chloroplast. In 1989, David A. Christopher and Richard B. Hallick found a few more examples and proposed the name "Group III introns" to identify this new class with the following characteristics:
Group III introns are much shorter than other self-splicing intron classes, ranging from 95 to 110 nucleotides amongst those known to Christopher and Hallick, and identified in chloroplasts. On the other hand, Christopher and Hallick stated: "By contrast, the smallest Euglena chloroplast group II intron ... is 277 nucleotides."
Their conserved sequences proximal to the splicing sites have similarities to those of group II introns, but have fewer conserved positions.
They do not map into the conserved secondary structure of group II introns. (Indeed, Christopher and Hallick were unable to identify any conserved secondary structure elements among group III introns.)
They are usual |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propyphenazone | Propyphenazone (known as isopropylantipyrine in Japan) is a derivative of phenazone with similar analgesic and antipyretic effects. Originally patented in 1931, propyphenazone is marketed as a combination formulation with paracetamol and caffeine for treatment of primary headache disorder.
Serious adverse events
Case reports have described acute inferior-wall myocardial infarctions characterized by low atrial rhythms (Kounis syndrome) secondary to propyphenazone use.
Excerpt from WHO comments
Banned
Sri Lanka
Malaysia
Thailand
See also
Propyphenazone/paracetamol/caffeine
References
Analgesics
Antipyretics
Pyrazolones
Isopropyl compounds |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coray%2C%20Finist%C3%A8re | Coray (; ) is a commune in the Finistère department of Brittany in north-western France.
It lies on the river Odet.
Geography
Climate
Coray has a oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification Cfb). The average annual temperature in Coray is . The average annual rainfall is with January as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around , and lowest in January, at around . The highest temperature ever recorded in Coray was on 9 August 2003; the coldest temperature ever recorded was on 2 January 1997.
Population
Inhabitants of Coray are called in French Corayens.
Map
See also
Communes of the Finistère department
References
External links
Official website
Mayors of Finistère Association
Communes of Finistère |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cierna%20Voda | Čierna Voda () is a village and municipality in Galanta District of the Trnava Region of southwest Slovakia.
Geography
The municipality lies at an elevation of 120 metres and covers an area of 12.142 km². It has a population of about 1410 people.
History
In the 9th century, the territory of Čierna Voda became part of the Kingdom of Hungary. In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1217.
After the Austro-Hungarian army disintegrated in November 1918, Czechoslovak troops occupied the area, later acknowledged internationally by the Treaty of Trianon. Between 1938 and 1945 Čierna Voda once more became part of Miklós Horthy's Hungary through the First Vienna Award. From 1945 until the Velvet Divorce, it was part of Czechoslovakia. Since then it has been part of Slovakia.
Genealogical resources
The records for genealogical research are available at the state archive "Statny Archiv in Bratislava, Slovakia"
Roman Catholic church records (births/marriages/deaths): 1777-1892 (parish B)
See also
List of municipalities and towns in Slovakia
References
External links
http://www.statistics.sk/mosmis/eng/run.html
Surnames of living people in Cierna Voda
Villages and municipalities in Galanta District |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam%20in%20Myanmar | Islam is a minority religion in Myanmar, practised by about 2.1% of the population, according to the 2014 Myanmar official statistics.
History
In the early Bagan era (AD 652-660), Arab Muslim merchants landed at ports such as Thaton and Martaban. Arab Muslim ships sailed from Madagascar to China, often going in and out of Burma. Arab travellers visited the Andaman Islands in the Bay of Bengal south of Burma.
The first Muslims had landed in Myanmar (Burma's) Ayeyarwady River delta, on the Tanintharyi coast and in Rakhine in the 9th century, prior to the establishment of the first Burmese empire in 1055 AD by King Anawrahta of Bagan. The sea posts of Burma such as Kyaukpyu, Bassein, Syriam, Martaban, Mergui, etc. are rife with the legendary accounts of early shipwrecks in their neighbourhood: of Kular shipwrecked sailors, traders and soldiers. At first Muslims arrived on the Arakan coast and moved into the upward hinterland to Maungdaw. The time when the Muslims arrived in Burma and in Arakan and Maungdaw is uncertain.
These early Muslim settlements and the propagation of Islam were documented by Arab, Persian, European and Chinese travelers of the 9th century. Burmese Muslims are the descendants of Muslim peoples who settled and intermarried with the local Burmese ethnic groups. Muslims arrived in Burma as traders or settlers, military personnel, and prisoners of war, refugees, and as victims of slavery. However, many early Muslims also as saying goes held positions of |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricardo%20Berna | Ricardo Ferreira Berna (born 11 June 1979 in São Paulo), known as Ricardo Berna, is a Brazilian footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Portuguesa.
Honours
América Mineiro
Copa Sul-Minas: 2000
Campeonato Mineiro: 2001
Fluminense
Copa do Brasil: 2007
Campeonato Brasileiro Série A: 2010, 2012
Campeonato Carioca: 2012
Taça Guanabara: 2012
Fortaleza
Campeonato Cearense: 2016
References
External links
Canal Fluminense
1979 births
Living people
Brazilian men's footballers
Men's association football goalkeepers
Campeonato Brasileiro Série A players
Campeonato Brasileiro Série B players
Campeonato Brasileiro Série C players
Vegalta Sendai players
Guarani FC players
América Futebol Clube (MG) players
União São João Esporte Clube players
Associação Portuguesa de Desportos players
Fluminense FC players
Clube Náutico Capibaribe players
Macaé Esporte Futebol Clube players
Fortaleza Esporte Clube players
Footballers from São Paulo |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornelius%20Chapman | Mr Cornelius Chapman is a cult poet, songsmith, writer and performer who found fame through the much celebrated "The Gentleman's Club" radio show on London's Resonance FM and later via his numerous recordings for Xfm and Virgin Radio DJ Christian O'Connell.
Although The Gentleman's Club members went their separate ways back in 2004, Cornelius continues to write and record via his website at www.corneliuschapman.com.
Highlights of Cornelius' back catalogue include:
- 21st Century Diaries: A continuous quest to lead the gentlemanly lifestyle in modern times.
- Mr Tweed: Cornelius' first endeavour into the world of Children's story telling.
- Memoirs: Finally, the Chapman memoirs (or at least volume I) are available as read by the great man
- Biscuits at Balmoral: A compilation of the greatest tunes from Cornelius including "Let's Win it for the Queen" and "Cup of Tea"
In 2006 Cornelius finally succumbed to the lure of technology and abandoned the quill in favour of his Blog, also available from www.corneliuschapman.com.
English male comedians
English radio presenters
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korna | Korna may refer to:
Korna (Lycaonia), town of ancient Lycaonia, now in Turkey
The Korňa village and municipality in Čadca District in the Žilina Region of northern Slovakia
al-Qurnah, a city in Iraq |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland%20JX-8P | Roland JX-8P is a 61-key, velocity- and aftertouch-sensitive, six-note polyphonic, fully analog synthesizer released by Roland in 1985. In a time of rising popularity of digital frequency modulation synthesizers, such as Yamaha DX7, JX-8P was marketed as the best of both worlds: while it was possible to create classic analog synth sounds, several new modulation parameters and redesigned hardware enabled it to produce certain types of sounds associated with FM synthesis, such as metallic percussive sounds. Likewise, traditional hands-on controls were replaced with a Yamaha DX7-style interface with membrane buttons and one "edit" slider.
The forerunners to the JX-8P were the JX-3P and the rack MKS-30. JX-8P was among the last true analog synthesizers produced by Roland in the 1980s, with Alpha Juno 1/2 synths, racks MKS-50 and MKS-70, and finally the JX-10.
Factory presets on the JX-8P were created by Eric Persing and Dan DeSouza.
One of the JX-8P's best known uses is in the opening brass fanfare of Europe's 1986 hit "The Final Countdown", layered with a preset patch on a Yamaha TX816W.
Features and programming
Though the JX-8P is relatively complex, it may appear otherwise for its lack of traditional synthesizer controls. It features two DCOs per voice, two software-generated (and relatively soft) ADSR envelopes, high- and low-pass filters, two types of (fixed-rate) chorus effect, three different sync modes, etc. Additionally, it offers two "polyphonic" play modes, two "un |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edna%20Buchanan | Edna Buchanan (née Rydzik, born March 16, 1939) is an American journalist and writer who is best known for her crime mystery novels. She won the 1986 Pulitzer Prize for General News Reporting "for her versatile and consistently excellent police beat reporting."
Early life
Buchanan was born in Paterson, New Jersey. In high school she worked in a coat factory and after graduating she worked, along with her mother, at a Western Electric plant. She attended Montclair State College, where she took a creative writing course and was encouraged to become a writer. She and her mother took a vacation to Miami Beach and, according to Buchanan, she knew as soon as she walked off the plane that she wanted to leave Paterson.
Career
Buchanan began her career writing for the Miami Beach Sun, covering crime, local politics, society, celebrity interviews and occasionally letters to the editor. In 1973, she began working as a police beat reporter for the Miami Herald. In 1986 she won the Pulitzer Prize in General News Reporting.
Her book Miami, It's Murder was nominated for an Edgar Award in 1995.
Buchanan's autobiographical book The Corpse Had A Familiar Face inspired two TV movies starring Elizabeth Montgomery: The Corpse Had a Familiar Face (1994) and Deadline for Murder: From the Files of Edna Buchanan (1995), the latter marking Montgomery's final acting role before her death that year. Her novel Nobody Lives Forever was made into a TV movie in 1998.
Buchanan was embarrassed in 1990 w |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osazone | Osazone are a class of carbohydrate derivatives found in organic chemistry formed when reducing sugars are reacted with excess of phenylhydrazine at boiling temperatures.
Formation
Osazone formation was developed by Emil Fischer, who used the reaction as a test to identify monosaccharides.
The formation of a pair of hydrazone functionalities involves both oxidation and condensation reactions. Since the reaction requires a free carbonyl group, only "reducing sugars" participate. Sucrose, which is nonreducing, does not form an osazone.
Appearance
Osazones are highly coloured and crystalline compounds. Osazones are readily distinguished.
Maltosazone (from maltose) forms petal-shaped crystals.
Lactosazone (from lactose) forms powder puff-shaped crystals.
Galactosazone (from galactose) forms rhombic-plate shaped crystals.
Glucosazone (from glucose, fructose or mannose) forms broomstick or needle-shaped crystals.
Historic references
References
Carbohydrates
Hydrazones
Emil Fischer |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stagnation%20enthalpy | In thermodynamics and fluid mechanics, the stagnation enthalpy of a fluid is the static enthalpy of the fluid at a stagnation point. The stagnation enthalpy is also called total enthalpy. At a point where the flow does not stagnate, it corresponds to the static enthalpy of the fluid at that point assuming it was brought to rest from velocity isentropically. That means all the kinetic energy was converted to internal energy without losses and is added to the local static enthalpy. When the potential energy of the fluid is negligible, the mass-specific stagnation enthalpy represents the total energy of a flowing fluid stream per unit mass.
Stagnation enthalpy, or total enthalpy, is the sum of the static enthalpy (associated with the temperature and static pressure at that point) plus the enthalpy associated with the dynamic pressure, or velocity. This can be expressed in a formula in various ways. Often it is expressed in specific quantities, where specific means mass-specific, to get an intensive quantity:
where:
mass-specific total enthalpy, in [J/kg]
mass-specific static enthalpy, in [J/kg]
fluid velocity at the point of interest, in [m/s]
mass-specific kinetic energy, in [J/kg]
The volume-specific version of this equation (in units of energy per volume, [J/m^3] is obtained by multiplying the equation with the fluid density :
where:
volume-specific total enthalpy, in [J/m^3]
volume-specific static enthalpy, in [J/m^3]
fluid velocity at the point of interest, in |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio%20Frequency%20Modulation | Audio Frequency Modulation (AFM) is an audio recording standard used by Betamax and VHS Hi-Fi stereo, 8mm and Hi8 video systems. AFM is mono on 8mm systems and stereo on Hi8.
References
Video storage |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum%20finite%20automaton | In quantum computing, quantum finite automata (QFA) or quantum state machines are a quantum analog of probabilistic automata or a Markov decision process. They provide a mathematical abstraction of real-world quantum computers. Several types of automata may be defined, including measure-once and measure-many automata. Quantum finite automata can also be understood as the quantization of subshifts of finite type, or as a quantization of Markov chains. QFAs are, in turn, special cases of geometric finite automata or topological finite automata.
The automata work by receiving a finite-length string of letters from a finite alphabet , and assigning to each such string a probability indicating the probability of the automaton being in an accept state; that is, indicating whether the automaton accepted or rejected the string.
The languages accepted by QFAs are not the regular languages of deterministic finite automata, nor are they the stochastic languages of probabilistic finite automata. Study of these quantum languages remains an active area of research.
Informal description
There is a simple, intuitive way of understanding quantum finite automata. One begins with a graph-theoretic interpretation of deterministic finite automata (DFA). A DFA can be represented as a directed graph, with states as nodes in the graph, and arrows representing state transitions. Each arrow is labelled with a possible input symbol, so that, given a specific state and an input symbol, the arrow |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20W.%20Swetnam | Thomas W. Swetnam (born 1955) is Regents' Professor Emeritus of Dendrochronology at the University of Arizona, studying disturbances of forest ecosystems across temporal and spatial scales. He served as the Director of the Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research from 2000 to 2015.
Education
Swetnam received his bachelor's degree in biology and chemistry from the University of New Mexico and subsequently received his master's and PhD from the University of Arizona in watershed management and dendrochronology.
Recognition
He received the A.E. Douglass award from the University of Arizona, the W.S. Cooper award from the Ecological Society of America (with Julio Betancourt) and the Henry Cowles award from the American Association of Geographers (with James H. Speer). He was elected a Fellow of the American Association For the Advancement of Science in 2015. He received the Harold C. Fritts Lifetime Achievement Award from the Tree-Ring Society in 2016. He received the Harold Biswell Award for Lifetime Achievement from the Association for Fire Ecology in 2016.
Advisor
He has served on the following advisory and editorial boards:
Board of trustees, Valles Caldera National Preserve (2000-2004); Arizona Forest Health Advisory Council (2003-2006); Arizona Climate Change Advisory Group (2005-2006); associate editor, International Journal of Wildland Fire, (1993–present); editor, Tree-Ring Research (2000-2001); associate editor, Ecoscience (1994-1998); associate editor, Canadian Jour |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citylink | Citylink or City Link may refer to:
In transport:
CityLink, a system of tollways, tunnels and bridges in Melbourne, Australia
Maryland Transit Administration, a system of high-frequency bus routes serving Baltimore, Maryland U.S.
City Link (company), previously Initial City Link, a former courier company in the United Kingdom
Central Citylink, a defunct train service brand used by Central Trains in England
Finney County Transit, whose fixed-route buses operate under City Link branding
Greater Peoria Mass Transit District also goes by CityLink
Stadler Citylink, a series of tram-trains
Bus & coach services:
Scottish Citylink, intercity coach operator in Scotland
Irish Citylink, intercity coach operator in the Republic of Ireland
Citylink Edmond, a bus system in Edmond, Oklahoma
Citylink (Idaho), a bus system in Coeur d'Alene, Idaho
Greater Peoria Mass Transit District, an Illinois bus system that uses the name CityLink
CityLink, a bus route operated by Bluestar (bus company) in southern England
Citylink Coach Services, a bus company in the Philippines
Airlines:
CTK – CiTylinK, an airline in Ghana
Alberta Citylink, an airline in Alberta, Canada
Citilink Airlines, an airline in Indonesia
In telecommunications:
Citylink, a consortium to finance the Connect Project radio system on the London Underground
CityLink Limited, a broadband company in New Zealand
In buildings:
CityLink Mall, a shopping mall in Singapore
Citylink Plaza, an office building in Hong Ko |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superstorm | A superstorm is a large, unusually occurring, destructive storm without another distinct meteorological classification, such as hurricane or blizzard.
Origin and usage
Before the early 1990s, the phrases "storm of the century" or "perfect storm" were generally used to describe unusually large or destructive storms. The term "superstorm" was employed in 1993 by the National Weather Service to describe a Nor'easter in March of that year. The term is most frequently used to describe a weather pattern that is as destructive as a hurricane, but which exhibits the cold-weather patterns of a winter storm.
Examples
Hurricane Patricia, strongest tropical cyclone by wind speed, with sustained winds at least 20 mph faster than its runner-up.
Great Gale of 1880, northwest United States.
North Sea flood of 1953, A powerful system that triggered severe flooding in the British Isles and Netherlands.
Columbus Day Storm of 1962, Pacific Northwest windstorm.
Great Storm of 1975, central and southeast United States.
Braer Storm of January 1993, North Atlantic.
1993 Storm of the Century, eastern North America.
Hanukkah Eve windstorm of 2006, Pacific Northwest windstorm.
Great Coastal Gale of 2007, a series of three powerful Pacific Northwest storms.
January 2008 North American storm complex, Pacific extratropical cyclone over North America.
October 2009 North American storm complex, extratropical cyclone over western North America.
January 2010 North American winter storms, a gro |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004%20Claxton%20Shield | Results and statistics for the 2004 Claxton Shield
Ladder
Championship series
23 January 2004 - Semi Final 1 - Western Australia Vs Queensland Rams
24 January 2004 - Semi Final 2 - South Australia Vs New South Wales Patriots
24 January 2004 - Grand Final - New South Wales Patriots Vs Queensland Rams
*Box Score
Award winners
Top Stats
All-Star Team
External links
Official 2004 Claxton Shield Website
Claxton Shield
Claxton Shield
Claxton Shield
January 2004 sports events in Australia |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroencephalography%20functional%20magnetic%20resonance%20imaging | EEG-fMRI (short for EEG-correlated fMRI or electroencephalography-correlated functional magnetic resonance imaging) is a multimodal neuroimaging technique whereby EEG and fMRI data are recorded synchronously for the study of electrical brain activity in correlation with haemodynamic changes in brain during the electrical activity, be it normal function or associated with disorders.
Principle
Scalp EEG reflects the brain's electrical activity, and in particular post-synaptic potentials (see Inhibitory postsynaptic current and Excitatory postsynaptic potential) in the cerebral cortex, whereas fMRI is capable of detecting haemodynamic changes throughout the brain through the BOLD effect. EEG-fMRI therefore allows measuring both neuronal and haemodynamic activity which comprise two important components of the neurovascular coupling mechanism.
Methodology
The simultaneous acquisition of EEG and fMRI data of sufficient quality requires solutions to problems linked to potential health risks (due to currents induced by the MR image forming process in the circuits created by the subject and EEG recording system) and EEG and fMRI data quality. There are two degrees of integration of the data acquisition, reflecting technical limitations associated with the interference between the EEG and MR instruments. These are: interleaved acquisitions, in which each acquisition modality is interrupted in turn (periodically) to allow data of adequate quality to be recorded by the other modality; |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hierarchical%20cell%20structure%20%28telecommunications%29 | For telephone services to mobile phones, Hierarchical cell structure ("HCS") used in mobile telecommunication means the splitting of cells. This type of cell structure allows the network to effectively use the geographical area and serve an increasing population.
Mechanism
The large cell (called a "macro cell") is rearranged to include small cells in it called micro and pico cells. The cricket stadium/exhibition ground can be a micro cell and a multi storied building can be a pico cell within the large cell. The micro/pico cell is allocated the radio spectrum to serve the increased population. The User Equipments (UEs) going out of the pico/micro cells are allowed to reselect the larger cell.
The HCS cells are given priorities from 0-7 where 0 is the lowest priority and 7 the highest. The cells close to the serving cell are given highest priority. The mobiles in high mobility prioritise to reselect to the lower priority cells to avoid continuous reselections.
Microcells can add localized capacity within Macro cell.
References
External links
Phone Signal Booster
Mobile telecommunications |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialectometry | Dialectometry is the quantitative and computational branch of dialectology, the study of dialect. This sub-field of linguistics studies language variation using the methods of statistics; it arose in the 1970s and 80s as a result of seminal work by J. Séguy and Hans Goebl.
The research concentrates mainly on the regional distribution of dialect similarities, such as cores of dialect and overlapping zones, which can be labelled according to a more or less slight variance of dialect between bordering locations. However, analysis of dialect relationships cannot always be clearly depicted by cladistics, since there are often dialect continuum cases and also examples with elements of convergence, as well as division.
Language atlases serve as an empirical database which document the dialect profile of a large number of locations in detail. Different well-known numerical classification methodologies are used to abstract and visualise a basic pattern from the immense amount of data found in the language atlases.
Not one solid classification can be expected to result from the calculations; rather, different aspects of the basic pattern being searched for can be discovered by using the different methodologies. Principally speaking, there is more interest in the diversity of the taxometric methodologies, the results and the linguistic interpretations which can be made from them.
References
Further reading
Bauer, Roland. 2002-2003. Dolomitenladinische Ähnlichkeitsprofile aus dem |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mal%C3%A1%20%C4%8Cierna | Malá Čierna () is a village and municipality in Žilina District in the Žilina Region of northern Slovakia.
History
In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1471.
Geography
The municipality lies at an altitude of 530 metres and covers an area of 4.262 km2. It has a population of about 333.
External links
https://web.archive.org/web/20070513023228/http://www.statistics.sk/mosmis/eng/run.html
Villages and municipalities in Žilina District |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ve%C4%BEk%C3%A1%20%C4%8Cierna | Veľká Čierna () is a village and municipality in Žilina District in the Žilina Region of northern Slovakia.
History
In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1361.
Geography
The municipality lies at an altitude of 480 metres and covers an area of 4.817 km². It has a population of about 357 people.
External links
https://web.archive.org/web/20080111223415/http://www.statistics.sk/mosmis/eng/run.html
Villages and municipalities in Žilina District |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuron%20%28disambiguation%29 | Neuron is one of the primary cell types in the nervous system.
Neuron may also refer to:
Artificial neuron is the basic unit in an artificial neural network
Neuron (synthesizer) is an electronic musical instrument
The Dassault nEUROn is a planned stealth unmanned combat air vehicle designed by a consortium of European countries
Neuron (journal) is a scientific journal publishing scholarly neuroscience articles
Neuron (software) is a simulation environment used in computational neuroscience for modeling individual neurons and networks of neurons
"Neurons", a song by Avey Tare from 7s |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20N.%20Hatsopoulos | George Nicholas Hatsopoulos (January 7, 1927 – September 20, 2018) was a Greek American mechanical engineer noted for his work in thermodynamics and for having founded Thermo Electron.
Early life
Hatsopoulos was born in Athens, Greece in 1927 and is related to the former rector of the Athens Polytechnic School, Nicolas Kitsikis. He attended Athens Polytechnic before entering MIT, where he received his Bachelor and Master of Science (1950), Mechanical Engineer (1954), and Doctorate of Science (1956).
Hatsopoulos-Keenan reformulation of thermodynamics
In 1965, he and Joseph Keenan published their textbook Principles of General Thermodynamics, which restates the second law of thermodynamics in terms of the existence of stable equilibrium states. Their formulation of the second law of thermodynamics states that:
The Hatsopoulos-Keenan statement of the Second Law entails the Clausius, Kelvin-Planck, and Carathéodory statements of the Second Law, and has provided a basis to extend the traditional definition of entropy to the non-equilibrium domain.
In 1976, Hatsopoulos also contributed to a formulation of a unified theory of mechanics and thermodynamics, arguably a precursor of the emerging field of quantum thermodynamics.
Academic and industry leader
While at MIT, Hatsopoulos was head of the engineering division of Matrad Corporation of New York. Matrad Corporation and MIT also provided financial support for his doctoral thesis The Thermo-Electron Engine. Matrad Corporation |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black%27s%20equation | Black's Equation is a mathematical model for the mean time to failure (MTTF) of a semiconductor circuit due to electromigration: a phenomenon of molecular rearrangement (movement) in the solid phase caused by an electromagnetic field.
The equation is:
is a constant
is the current density
is a model parameter
is the activation energy
is Boltzmann's constant
is the absolute temperature in K
The model is abstract, not based on a specific physical model, but flexibly describes the failure rate dependence on the temperature, the electrical stress, and the specific technology and materials. More adequately described as descriptive than prescriptive, the values for A, n, and Q are found by fitting the model to experimental data.
The model's value is that it maps experimental data taken at elevated temperature and electrical stress levels in short periods of time to expected component failure rates under actual operating conditions. Experimental data is obtained by running a combination of high temperature operating life (HTOL), electrical, and any other relevant operating environment variables.
References
Electronic design automation
Electronics concepts |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Woman%20in%20Me | The Woman in Me may refer to:
The Woman in Me (album), a 1995 album by Shania Twain
The Woman in Me (memoir), a memoir by American singer Britney Spears
"The Woman in Me" (Crystal Gayle song), 1981
"The Woman in Me" (Donna Summer song), 1982, covered by Heart in 1994
"The Woman in Me (Needs the Man in You)", a song from Shania Twain
See also
Woman in Me, a 1997 album by Louise, or its title track
"Woman in Me", a song by Jessica Simpson featuring Destiny's Child from the album Sweet Kisses, 1999 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potential%20density | The potential density of a fluid parcel at pressure is the density that the parcel would acquire if adiabatically brought to a reference pressure , often 1 bar (100 kPa). Whereas density changes with changing pressure, potential density of a fluid parcel is conserved as the pressure experienced by the parcel changes (provided no mixing with other parcels or net heat flux occurs). The concept is used in oceanography and (to a lesser extent) atmospheric science.
Potential density is a dynamically important property: for static stability potential density must decrease upward. If it doesn't, a fluid parcel displaced upward finds itself lighter than its neighbors, and continues to move upward; similarly, a fluid parcel displaced downward would be heavier than its neighbors. This is true even if the density of the fluid decreases upward. In stable conditions (potential density decreasing upward) motion along surfaces of constant potential density (isopycnals) is energetically favored over flow across these surfaces (diapycnal flow), so most of the motion within a 3-D geophysical fluid takes place along these 2-D surfaces.
In oceanography, the symbol is used to denote potential density, with the reference pressure taken to be the pressure at the ocean surface. The corresponding potential density anomaly is denoted by kg/m3. Because the compressibility of seawater varies with salinity and temperature, the reference pressure must be chosen to be near the actual pressure to |
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