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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindel%C3%B6f%27s%20theorem | In mathematics, Lindelöf's theorem is a result in complex analysis named after the Finnish mathematician Ernst Leonard Lindelöf. It states that a holomorphic function on a half-strip in the complex plane that is bounded on the boundary of the strip and does not grow "too fast" in the unbounded direction of the strip must remain bounded on the whole strip. The result is useful in the study of the Riemann zeta function, and is a special case of the Phragmén–Lindelöf principle. Also, see Hadamard three-lines theorem.
Statement of the theorem
Let be a half-strip in the complex plane:
Suppose that is holomorphic (i.e. analytic) on and that there are constants
, , and such that
and
Then is bounded by on all of :
Proof
Fix a point inside . Choose , an integer and large enough such that
. Applying maximum modulus principle to the function and
the rectangular area we obtain , that is, . Letting yields
as required.
References
Theorems in complex analysis |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biopolymers%20%26%20Cell | Biopolymers and Cell (Biopolym. Cell) is a scientific journal issued by the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics of NASU.
It was established in January 1985, and its ISSN numbers are for the print version and for the online version.
The journal publishes original contributions in molecular biology and related areas:
Structure and function of biopolymers in different cells at different conditions;
Genome regulation;
Molecular mechanisms of differentiation;
Oncogenesis;
Cell-virus interaction;
Biotechnology;
Bioorganic chemistry;
Drug design;
Biology of peptides, nucleoside derivatives and modified oligonucleotides
Biopolym. Cell is issued bimonthly, with one volume per year. All articles have digital object identifiers (DOI).
The format of Biopolym. Cell corresponds to international standards. The journal provides rapid free open access to publications.
Since 2014 the articles are published in English.
Biopolymers and Cell is indexed and/or abstracted in: Scopus, SJR, Index Copernicus, BIOSIS Previews, elibrary.ru, Medical Journal Links, referative journals "Dzherelo" (Ukraine) and VINITI Database RAS, EBSCO, HINARI, Russian index of scientific citations. This journal has been included in the HAC of Ukraine (Higher Attestation (Certification) Commission) list according to following subjects (topics): biology, chemistry
Editor-in-chief:
Prof. Gennady Kh. Matsuka, the founder of Biopolymers and Cell was a di |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Design%20of%20an%20Optimizing%20Compiler | The Design of an Optimizing Compiler (Elsevier Science Ltd, 1980, ), by William Wulf, Richard K. Johnson, Charles B. Weinstock, Steven O. Hobbs, and Charles M. Geschke, was published in 1975 by Elsevier. It describes the BLISS optimizing compiler for the PDP-11, written at Carnegie Mellon University in the early 1970s. The compiler ran on a PDP-10 and was one of the first to produce well-optimized code for a minicomputer. Because of its elegant design and the quality of the generated code, the compiler and book remain classics in the compiler field.
Although the original book has been out of print for many years, a print on demand version remains available from University Microfilms International.
Reception
Software: Practice and Experience said compiling experts would benefit the most with The Design of an Optimizing Compiler.
References
External links
The Design of an Optimizing Compiler - Online version at CMU
Computer programming books
Compilers
1975 non-fiction books
Elsevier books |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetry%20element | In chemistry and crystallography, a symmetry element is a point, line, or plane about which symmetry operations can take place. In particular, a symmetry element can be a mirror plane, an axis of rotation (either proper and improper), or a center of inversion. For an object such as a molecule or a crystal, a symmetry element corresponds to a set of symmetry operations, which are the rigid transformations employing the symmetry element that leave the object unchanged. The set containing these operations form one of the symmetry groups of the object. The elements of this symmetry group should not be confused with the "symmetry element" itself. Loosely, a symmetry element is the geometric set of fixed points of a symmetry operation. For example, for rotation about an axis, the points on the axis do not move and in a reflection the points that remain unchanged make up a plane of symmetry.
Identity
The identity symmetry element is found in all objects and is denoted E. It corresponds to an operation of doing nothing to the object. Because every molecule is indistinguishable from itself if nothing is done to it, every object possesses at least the identity element. An object having no symmetry elements other than E is called asymmetric. Such an object is necessarily chiral.
Mirror planes
Mirror planes are denoted by σ. In a molecule that also has an axis of symmetry, a mirror plane that includes the axis is called a vertical mirror plane and is labeled σ , while one perpendicul |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous%20knapsack%20problem | In theoretical computer science, the continuous knapsack problem (also known as the fractional knapsack problem) is an algorithmic problem in combinatorial optimization in which the goal is to fill a container (the "knapsack") with fractional amounts of different materials chosen to maximize the value of the selected materials. It resembles the classic knapsack problem, in which the items to be placed in the container are indivisible; however, the continuous knapsack problem may be solved in polynomial time whereas the classic knapsack problem is NP-hard. It is a classic example of how a seemingly small change in the formulation of a problem can have a large impact on its computational complexity.
Problem definition
An instance of either the continuous or classic knapsack problems may be specified by the numerical capacity of the knapsack, together with a collection of materials, each of which has two numbers associated with it: the weight of material that is available to be selected and the total value of that material. The goal is to choose an amount of each material, subject to the capacity constraint
and maximizing the total benefit
In the classic knapsack problem, each of the amounts must be either zero or ; the continuous knapsack problem differs by allowing to range continuously from zero to .
Some formulations of this problem rescale the variables to be in the range from 0 to 1. In this case the capacity constraint becomes
and the goal is to maximize the |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Jaco | William "Bus" H. Jaco (born July 14, 1940 in Grafton, West Virginia) is an American mathematician who is known for his role in the Jaco–Shalen–Johannson decomposition theorem and efficient triangulations of 3-manifolds. He retired from Oklahoma State University in 2021 as Regents Professor Emeritus and appointed Adjunct Professor at Rice University in 2021.
Education and career
Jaco received a B.A from the Fairmont State College and an M.A. from Pennsylvania State University. He completed his Ph.D. in 1968 at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.
He held faculty positions at the University of Michigan and Rice University before joining the faculty at Oklahoma State University as Head of the Mathematics Dept. from 1982–87 and again served as head from 2011–2018. He has been a member of the Institute for Advanced Study, (IAS) the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute (MSRI), and the American Institute of Mathematics (AIM).
He served as the Executive Director of the American Mathematical Society (AMS), the Chair-elect, Chair, and Retiring Chair of the Mathematics Section of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, as a member of the Advisory Board of the American Institute of Mathematics, as a member of the Board of Mathematical Sciences at the National Research Council/National Academy of Sciences, as a member of the Joint Policy Board for Mathematics. He was an elected member of the Board of Trustees of the American Mathematical Society serving as the C |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allotopic%20expression | Allotopic expression (AE) refers to expression of genes in the cell nucleus that normally are expressed only from the mitochondrial genome. Biomedically engineered AE has been suggested as a possible future tool in gene therapy of certain mitochondria-related diseases, however this view is controversial. While this type of expression has been successfully carried out in yeast, the results in mammals have been conflicting.
Evolution
In the cells of extant organisms, the vast majority of the proteins present in the mitochondria are coded for by nuclear DNA. Those genes are thought to have transferred to the eukaryotic nucleus during evolution, suggesting that genes transferred not only survived but are expressed in the cell nucleus.
Use in therapy
In 2014, Gensight Biologics began a clinical program of allotopic expressing the MT-ND4 gene in the nucleus as therapies for Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. In 2020, Gensight released Phase III clinical trial results, which showed a notable improvements against the normal progression of the disease but statistical insignificance in all areas. The company suspected the outcome was due to the transferal of viral vector DNA from the treated eye to the untreated eye of each patient, and thus a full control group trial in which the control group have no exposure to the drug may be needed if requested by the Food and Drug Administration.
Gensight plans to initiate pre-clinical studies of allotopic expressing the MT-ND1 gene after |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mallampati%20score | In anesthesia, the Mallampati score or Mallampati classification, named after the Indian anaesthesiologist Seshagiri Mallampati, is used to predict the ease of endotracheal intubation. The test comprises a visual assessment of the distance from the tongue base to the roof of the mouth, and therefore the amount of space in which there is to work. It is an indirect way of assessing how difficult an intubation will be; this is more definitively scored using the Cormack–Lehane classification system, which describes what is actually seen using direct laryngoscopy during the intubation process itself. A high Mallampati score (class 3 or 4) is associated with more difficult intubation as well as a higher incidence of sleep apnea.
Technique
The score is assessed by asking the patient, in a sitting posture, to open their mouth and to protrude the tongue as much as possible. The anatomy of the oral cavity is visualized; specifically, the assessor notes whether the base of the uvula, faucial pillars (the arches in front of and behind the tonsils) and soft palate are visible. Scoring is generally done without phonation. Depending on whether the tongue is maximally protruded and/or the patient asked to phonate, the scoring may vary.
Modified Mallampati Scoring:
Class I: Soft palate, uvula, fauces, pillars visible.
Class II: Soft palate, major part of uvula, fauces visible.
Class III: Soft palate, base of uvula visible.
Class IV: Only hard palate visible.
Original Mallampati Scorin |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retroaortic%20lymph%20nodes | The retroaortic lymph nodes (or postaortic lymph nodes) are placed below the cisterna chyli, on the bodies of the third and fourth lumbar vertebrae.
They receive lymphatic trunks from the lateral and preaortic glands, while their efferents end in the cisterna chyli.
References
External links
Lymphatics of the torso |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nash%27s%20theorem | In mathematics, Nash's theorem may refer to one of the following:
the Nash embedding theorems in differential geometry
Nash's theorem on the existence of Nash equilibria in game theory |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United%20States%20men%27s%20national%20soccer%20team%20records%20and%20statistics | This is a comprehensive list of the United States national soccer team's competitive, individual, team, and head-to-head records.
Individual records
Player records
.
Players in bold are still active for selection for the national team.
Coaching records
Most coaching appearances
Bruce Arena: 148
Team records
Biggest victory
8–0 vs. Barbados, June 15, 2008
Competition records
The U.S. regularly competes at the FIFA World Cup, the CONCACAF Gold Cup, and the Summer Olympics. The U.S. has also played in the FIFA Confederations Cup, Copa América by invitation, as well as several minor tournaments.
The best result for the United States in a World Cup tournament came in 1930 when the team reached the semi-finals. The team was composed of six naturalized internationals, five of them from Scotland and one from England. The best result in the modern era is the 2002 World Cup, when the U.S. reached the quarter-finals. The worst world Cup tournament results in the modern era were group stage eliminations in 1990, 1998, and 2006, although the country failed to even qualify for the final tournament in 2018.
In the Confederations Cup, the United States finished in third place in both 1992 and 1999, and were runner-up in 2009. The United States appeared in their first intercontinental tournament final at the 2009 Confederations Cup. In the semi-finals, the United States upset top ranked Spain 2–0, to advance to the final. In the final, the United States lost 3–2 to Brazil after |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dosh | Dosh or DOSH may refer to:
Mary Lucy Dosh (1839-1861), American Roman Catholic nun and nurse
Dosh (musician) (born 1972), American musician
Dosh (album)
Deoxysarpagine hydroxylase, an enzyme
Kariel Gardosh (1921–2000), Israeli cartoonist and illustrator
Money: a UK slang term
California Occupational Safety and Health Administration, sometimes known as the Division of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH)
See also
Nirdoshi (disambiguation)
Doshi, an Indian surname |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poincar%C3%A9%20theorem | Poincaré theorem may refer to:
Poincaré conjecture, on homeomorphisms to the sphere;
Poincaré recurrence theorem, on sufficient conditions for recurrence to take place in dynamical systems;
Poincaré-Bendixson theorem, on the existence of attractors for two-dimensional dynamical systems;
Poincaré–Birkhoff–Witt theorem, concerning lie algebras and their universal envelopes;
Poincaré lemma. |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offense%20efficiency%20rating | In basketball statistics, Offensive Efficiency Rating (OER) is the average number of points scored by a basketball player per shot taken.
This includes missed field goals as well as free throws. The statistic stems from the previously created Player Efficiency Rating (PER). The per-minute rating was created by John Hollinger. Hollinger states, "The PER sums up all a player's positive accomplishments, subtracts the negative accomplishments, and returns a per-minute rating of a player's performance."
References
Basketball terminology |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factor%20base | In computational number theory, a factor base is a small set of prime numbers commonly used as a mathematical tool in algorithms involving extensive sieving for potential factors of a given integer.
Usage in factoring algorithms
A factor base is a relatively small set of distinct prime numbers P, sometimes together with -1. Say we want to factorize an integer n. We generate, in some way, a large number of integer pairs (x, y) for which , , and can be completely factorized over the chosen factor base—that is, all their prime factors are in P.
In practice, several integers x are found such that has all of its prime factors in the pre-chosen factor base. We represent each expression as a vector of a matrix with integer entries being the exponents of factors in the factor base. Linear combinations of the rows corresponds to multiplication of these expressions. A linear dependence relation mod 2 among the rows leads to a desired congruence . This essentially reformulates the problem into a system of linear equations, which can be solved using numerous methods such as Gaussian elimination; in practice advanced methods like the block Lanczos algorithm are used, that take advantage of certain properties of the system.
This congruence may generate the trivial ; in this case we try to find another suitable congruence. If repeated attempts to factor fail we can try again using a different factor base.
Algorithms
Factor bases are used in, for example, Dixon's factorization, the qu |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WMDR%20%28AM%29 | WMDR (1340 AM) is an American radio station licensed to Augusta, Maine. It is owned by Light of Life Ministries and carries religious children's programming.
History
The 1340 frequency was previously known as WFAU; in 1994, its call letters and nostalgia format moved to 1280 AM, while 1340 became religious station WMDR. (The 1280 frequency became WJYE in 2014 and WHTP in 2020.) In May 1998, WMDR changed formats to a religious children's format, changing to Southern Gospel in late 2005, with the children's format moving to WMDR-FM. In March 2007, AM 1340 once again flipped formats with its FM counterpart, inheriting the Contemporary Christian format.
In 2009 the children's format was moved to an on demand section of their website and 1340 changed to a Christian-based talk radio station.
Sometime in early 2017, WMDR returned to airing a religious children's format, now branded as "The Arrow".
Translators
In addition to the main station, WMDR is relayed by two FM translators.
External links
Zap on Demand
Moody Radio affiliate stations
Radio stations established in 1946
Companies based in Augusta, Maine
1946 establishments in Maine
MDR (AM) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiocruz%20Genome%20Comparison%20Project | The Fiocruz Genome Comparison Project is a collaborative effort involving Brazil's Oswaldo Cruz Institute and IBM's World Community Grid, designed to produce a database comparing the genes from many genomes with each other using SSEARCH. The program SSEARCH performs a rigorous Smith–Waterman alignment between a protein sequence and another protein sequence, a protein database, a DNA or a DNA library.
The nature of the computation in the project allows it to easily take advantage of volunteer computing. This, along with the likely humanitarian benefits of the research, has led the World Community Grid (a volunteer computing grid that uses idle computer clock time) to run the Fiocruz project. All products are in the public domain by contract with WCG.
Description
The problem is that a very large information body (structural, functional, cross-references, etc.) is attached to protein database entries. Once entered the information is rarely updated or corrected. This annotation of predicted protein function is often incomplete, uses non-standard nomenclature or can be incorrect when cross referenced from previous sometimes incorrectly annotated sequences. Additionally, many proteins composed of several structural and/or functional domains are overlooked by automated systems. The comparative information today is huge when compared to the early days of genomics. A single error is compounded and then made complex.
The Genome Comparison Project performs a complete pairwise compari |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic%20carrier%20control | Dynamic carrier control (DCC) is a method of reducing power consumption in radio transmitters during periods of low audio activity or silence. It is a type of Modulation-Dependent Carrier Level control, or MDCL. All modern high-power (>50 kW) shortwave radio transmitters incorporate DCC of some kind, as well as some mediumwave (MW) transmitters.
DCC causes the carrier wave level to be automatically reduced when the audio is very weak or no audio is present. During periods of silence (no audio), the carrier power is reduced by 50%, so the 250 kW transmitter is putting out a carrier of 125 kW during audio pauses. This carrier power reduction saves electricity.
History
This amplitude modulation (and vestigial SSB modulation) energy-saving mode was devised in the late 1930s. The system was originally referred to as the Hapsburg Carrier System. DCC was not implemented in transmitter designs until the 1980s, because of some of the complexities of the control circuit.
DCC's development is linked to NATO nations trying to save energy as a result of the ripple effects of OPEC related oil supply crises.
DCC is still an option on all shortwave transmitters sold on the open market today, since it is almost universally mandated by the purchasers of shortwave transmitters.
Eastern European manufacturers of shortwave transmitters tended not to adopt DCC because Russia in particular had no energy crises, due to its abundant supply of oil.
MDCL methods
There are two types of Modulati |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FM%20broadcasting%20in%20Japan | The frequency modulation radio broadcast band in Japan is 76-95 MHz. The 90-108 MHz section was used for television for VHF channels 1, 2 and 3 until the analog shutdown occurred on July 24, 2011. The narrowness of the Japanese band (19 MHz compared to slightly more than 20 MHz for the CCIR band; until the mid-2010s, it was a 14 MHz band) limits the number of FM stations that can be accommodated on the dial.
In late 2013, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications published a report proposing the expansion of the FM band to 95 MHz; at the time, the Japanese FM band was from 76-90 MHz. Many stations that had been previously only available on the AM band were issued preliminary licenses to broadcast from 90-95 MHz. The first station to go on air in the expanded band was Nankai Broadcasting, which began test broadcasts on 91.7 FM on November 3, 2014.
Receiver issues
Many Japanese radios are designed to be capable of receiving both the Japanese FM band and the CCIR FM band, so that the same model can be sold within Japan or exported. The radio may cover 76 to 108 MHz, the frequency coverage may be selectable by the user, or during assembly the radio may be set to operate on one band by means of a specially-placed diode or other internal component.
Conventional analog-tuned (dial & pointer) radios may be marked with "TV Sound" in the 90-108 section. If these radios were sold in the US, for example, the 76-88 section would be marked TV sound for VHF channels 5 and 6, wi |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal%20income%20in%20the%20United%20States | Personal income is an individual's total earnings from wages, investment interest, and other sources. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reported a median weekly personal income of $1,037 for full-time workers in the United States in Q1 2022. For the year 2020, the U.S. Census Bureau estimates that the median annual earnings for all workers (aged 15 and over) was $41,535; and more specifically estimates that median annual earnings for those who worked full-time, year round, was $56,287.
Income patterns are evident on the basis of age, sex, ethnicity and educational characteristics. In 2005 roughly half of all those with graduate degrees were among the nation's top 15% of income earners. Among different demographics (gender, marital status, ethnicity) for those over the age of 18, median personal income ranged from $3,317 for an unemployed, married Asian American female to $55,935 for a full-time, year-round employed Asian American male. According to the US Census, men tended to have higher income than women, while Asians and Whites earned more than African Americans and Hispanics.
Income statistics
In the United States the most widely cited personal income statistics are the Bureau of Economic Analysis's personal income and the Census Bureau's per capita money income. The two statistics spring from different traditions of measurement—personal income from national economic accounts and money income from household surveys. BEA's statistics relate personal income to measures of p |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relaxase | A relaxase is a single-strand DNA transesterase enzyme produced by some prokaryotes and viruses. Relaxases are responsible for site- and strand-specific nicks in unwound double-stranded DNA . Known relaxases belong to the rolling circle replication (RCR) initiator superfamily of enzymes and fall into two broad classes: replicative (Rep) and mobilization (Mob). The nicks produced by Rep relaxases initiate plasmid or virus RCR. Mob relaxases nick at origin of transfer (oriT) to initiate the process of DNA mobilization and transfer known as bacterial conjugation. Relaxases are so named because the single-stranded DNA nick that they catalyze lead to relaxation of helical tension.
Structure and mechanism
Known relaxases are metal ion dependent tyrosine transesterases. This means that they use a metal ion to aid the transfer of an ester bond from the DNA phosphodiester backbone to a catalytic tyrosine side chain, resulting in a long-lived covalent phosphotyrosine intermediate that essentially unified the nicked DNA strand and the enzyme as one molecule. Preliminary reports of relaxase inhibition by small molecules that mimic intermediates of this reaction were first reported in 2007. Such inhibition has implications related to preventing the propagation of antibiotic resistance in clinical settings.
The first relaxase x-ray crystal and NMR structures – of Rep relaxases from tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) and adeno associated virus serotype 5 (AAV-5) – were solved in 2002. |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language%20equation | Language equations are mathematical statements that resemble numerical equations, but the variables assume values of formal languages rather than numbers. Instead of arithmetic operations in numerical equations, the variables are joined by language operations. Among the most common operations on two languages A and B are the set union A ∪ B, the set intersection A ∩ B, and the concatenation A⋅B. Finally, as an operation taking a single operand, the set A* denotes the Kleene star of the language A. Therefore language equations can be used to represent formal grammars, since the languages generated by the grammar must be the solution of a system of language equations.
Language equations and context-free grammars
Ginsburg and Rice
gave an alternative definition of context-free grammars by language equations. To every context-free grammar , is associated a system of equations in variables . Each variable is an unknown language over and is defined by the equation where , ..., are all productions for . Ginsburg and Rice used a fixed-point iteration argument to show that a solution always exists, and proved that i.e. any other solution must be a of this one.
For example, the grammar
corresponds to the equation system
which has as solution every superset of .
Language equations with added intersection analogously correspond to conjunctive grammars.
Language equations and finite automata
Brzozowski and Leiss studied left language equations where every concatenation is w |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmotic-controlled%20release%20oral%20delivery%20system | The osmotic-controlled release oral delivery system (OROS) is an advanced controlled release oral drug delivery system in the form of a rigid tablet with a semi-permeable outer membrane and one or more small laser drilled holes in it. As the tablet passes through the body, water is absorbed through the semipermeable membrane via osmosis, and the resulting osmotic pressure is used to push the active drug through the laser drilled opening(s) in the tablet and into the gastrointestinal tract. OROS is a trademarked name owned by ALZA Corporation, which pioneered the use of osmotic pumps for oral drug delivery.
Rationale
Pros and cons
Osmotic release systems have a number of major advantages over other controlled-release mechanisms. They are significantly less affected by factors such as pH, food intake, GI motility, and differing intestinal environments. Using an osmotic pump to deliver drugs has additional inherent advantages regarding control over drug delivery rates. This allows for much more precise drug delivery over an extended period of time, which results in much more predictable pharmacokinetics. However, osmotic release systems are relatively complicated, somewhat difficult to manufacture, and may cause irritation or even blockage of the GI tract due to prolonged release of irritating drugs from the non-deformable tablet.
Oral osmotic release systems
Single-layer
The Elementary Osmotic Pump (EOP) was developed by ALZA in 1974, and was the first practical example o |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Half-metal | A half-metal is any substance that acts as a conductor to electrons of one spin orientation, but as an insulator or semiconductor to those of the opposite orientation. Although all half-metals are ferromagnetic (or ferrimagnetic), most ferromagnets are not half-metals. Many of the known examples of half-metals are oxides, sulfides, or Heusler alloys. Types of half-metallic compounds theoretically predicted so far include some Heusler alloys, such as Co2FeSi, NiMnSb, and PtMnSb; some Si-containing half–Heusler alloys with Curie temperatures over 600K, such as NiCrSi and PdCrSi; some transition-metal oxides, including rutile structured CrO2; some perovskites, such as LaMnO3 and SeMnO3; and a few more simply structured zincblende(ZB) compounds, including CrAs and superlattices. NiMnSb and CrO2 have been experimentally determined to be half-metals at very low temperatures.
In half-metals, the valence band for one spin orientation is partially filled while there is a gap in the density of states for the other spin orientation. This results in conducting behavior for only electrons in the first spin orientation. In some half-metals, the majority spin channel is the conducting one while in others the minority channel is.
Half-metals were first described in 1983, as an explanation for the electrical properties of manganese-based Heusler alloys.
Some notable half-metals are chromium(IV) oxide, magnetite, and lanthanum strontium manganite (LSMO), as well as chromium arsenide. Half-m |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Even%E2%80%93odd%20rule | The even–odd rule is an algorithm implemented in vector-based graphic software, like the PostScript language and Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG), which determines how a graphical shape with more than one closed outline will be filled. Unlike the nonzero-rule algorithm, this algorithm will alternatively color and leave uncolored shapes defined by nested closed paths irrespective of their winding.
The SVG defines the even–odd rule by saying:
The rule can be seen in effect in many vector graphic programs (such as Freehand or Illustrator), where a crossing of an outline with itself causes shapes to fill in strange ways.
On a simple curve, the even–odd rule reduces to a decision algorithm for the point in polygon problem.
The SVG computer graphics vector standard may be configured to use the even–odd rule when drawing polygons, though it uses the non-zero rule by default.
Implementation
Below is a partial example implementation in Python:
def is_point_in_path(x: int, y: int, poly) -> bool:
# Determine if the point is on the path, corner, or boundary of the polygon
#
# Args:
# x -- The x coordinates of point.
# y -- The y coordinates of point.
# poly -- a list of tuples [(x, y), (x, y), ...]
#
# Returns:
# True if the point is in the path or is a corner or on the boundary
num = len(poly)
j = num - 1
c = False
for i in range(num):
if (x == poly[i][0]) and (y == poly[i][1]):
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Beckett%20%28statistician%29 | James Beckett III is an American statistician, author, editor, and publisher. His publications are well known in the hobby of sports card collecting.
Beckett earned a Ph.D. degree in statistics at Southern Methodist University in 1975 and then joined the faculty of Bowling Green State University as an associate professor. While at Bowling Green, Beckett began preparing baseball card price guides, which he offered free upon request.
Beckett price guides rely upon information from sellers throughout the United States, who supply information on customer interest and sales of products. Price guides typically carry two value labels, one based upon a high value, the other denoting low values. As the condition of collectibles is important in ascertaining their value, Beckett price guides also typically include a series of definitions for estimating condition.
In November 1984, Beckett began publishing Beckett Baseball Card Monthly. (Rival publication Tuff Stuff was also founded that year.) Beckett Baseball Card Monthly grew in popularity and became the basis for the success of Beckett Media, now based in Dallas, Texas. Beckett Publications produces price guides for a variety of sports collectibles (Beckett's Football, Basketball, and Hockey guides would start in the early 1990s, with Beckett's monthly Racing Guide following in 1996). Market values for non-sports card collectibles such as Pokémon Cards and related products are also tracked. Beckett retains a position as Senior Ad |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel%20%C3%96zkan | Gabriel Özkan (; born May 23, 1986, in Stockholm) is a Swedish-Assyrian-Turkish football player who last played for IF Brommapojkarna. Gabriel joined AIK in the summer of 2006 from Brommapojkarna, after coming through the youth academy before becoming a first-team player, despite still being a teenager.
Biography
On November 14, 2006, he made his debut for the Swedish Under-21 football team against France. He struggled with injuries which cast doubt on his future in the game. He was regarded as one of the best prospects in Swedish football, but he wasn't able to play regularly during his last few seasons following a series of hamstring injuries. His Brazilian teammates nicknamed him as "the new Kaka".
Honours
AIK
Allsvenskan: 2009
Svenska Cupen: 2009
Svenska Supercupen: 2010
References
External links
1986 births
Living people
Assyrian footballers
Swedish men's footballers
Sweden men's under-21 international footballers
Sweden men's youth international footballers
Swedish people of Assyrian/Syriac descent
IF Brommapojkarna players
AIK Fotboll players
Allsvenskan players
Men's association football midfielders
Footballers from Stockholm |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecosystem%20model | An ecosystem model is an abstract, usually mathematical, representation of an ecological system (ranging in scale from an individual population, to an ecological community, or even an entire biome), which is studied to better understand the real system.
Using data gathered from the field, ecological relationships—such as the relation of sunlight and water availability to photosynthetic rate, or that between predator and prey populations—are derived, and these are combined to form ecosystem models. These model systems are then studied in order to make predictions about the dynamics of the real system. Often, the study of inaccuracies in the model (when compared to empirical observations) will lead to the generation of hypotheses about possible ecological relations that are not yet known or well understood. Models enable researchers to simulate large-scale experiments that would be too costly or unethical to perform on a real ecosystem. They also enable the simulation of ecological processes over very long periods of time (i.e. simulating a process that takes centuries in reality, can be done in a matter of minutes in a computer model).
Ecosystem models have applications in a wide variety of disciplines, such as natural resource management, ecotoxicology and environmental health, agriculture, and wildlife conservation. Ecological modelling has even been applied to archaeology with varying degrees of success, for example, combining with archaeological models to explain the div |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rank%20test | In statistics, a rank test is any test involving ranks. Examples include:
Wilcoxon signed-rank test
Kruskal–Wallis one-way analysis of variance
Mann–Whitney U (special case)
Page's trend test
Friedman test
Rank products |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protofection | Protofection is a protein-mediated transfection of foreign mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) into the mitochondria of cells in a tissue to supplement or replace the native mitochondrial DNA already present. The complete mtDNA genome or just fragments of mtDNA generated by polymerase chain reaction can be transferred into the target mitochondria through the technique.
Scientists have hypothesized for the last couple of decades that protofection can be beneficial for patients with mitochondrial diseases. This technique is a recent development and is continuously being improved. As mitochondrial DNA becomes progressively more damaged with age, this may provide a method of at least partially rejuvenating mitochondria in old tissue, restoring them to their original, youthful function.
Method
Protofection is a developing technique and is continuously being improved. A specific protein transduction system has been created that is complexed with mtDNA, which enables the mtDNA to move across the targeted cell's membrane and specifically target mitochondria. The transduction system used consists of a protein transduction domain, mitochondrial localization sequences, and mitochondrial transcription factor A. Each of these play a specific role in protofection:
A protein transduction domain is needed because they are small regions of proteins that can cross the cell membrane of cells, independently.
A specific mitochondrial localization sequences is used for protofection because it permit |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial%20Records%20%281920%29 | Imperial Records, the second United Kingdom-based label of that name, went into business in 1920. It was owned by the Crystalate Gramophone Record Manufacturing Company Ltd. of Tonbridge, Kent, England. The company's main recording studio was in London. Most Imperial issues were recorded by the company, but some issues from masters leased from other companies in continental Europe and from the United States' Banner Records which also appeared on Imperial.
Most Imperial recordings were of popular songs, music hall tunes, and dance music of the time. The label went out of business in February 1934.
A history of Imperial Records, together with a listing of known records issued by the label, is published by the CLPGS in their Reference Series of books.
See also
List of record labels
Imperial Records
References
British record labels
Record labels established in 1920
Record labels disestablished in 1934 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluidyne%20engine | A Fluidyne engine is an alpha or gamma type Stirling engine with one or more liquid pistons. It contains a working gas (often air), and either two liquid pistons or one liquid piston and a displacer.
The engine was invented in 1969. The engine was patented in 1973 by the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority.
Engine operation
Working gas in the engine is heated, and this causes it to expand and push on the water column. This expansion cools the air which contracts, at the same time being pushed back by the weight of the displaced water column. The cycle then repeats.
The U-tube version has no moving parts in the engine other than the water and air, although there are two check valves in the pump. This engine operates at a natural resonance cycle that is "tuned" by adjusting the geometry, generally with a "tuning tube" of water.
Engine as a pump
In the classic configuration, the work produced via the water pistons is integrated with a water pump. The simple pump is external to the engine, and consists of two check valves, one on the intake and one on the outlet. In the engine, the loop of oscillating liquid can be thought of as acting as a displacer piston. The liquid in the single tube extending to the pump acts as the power piston. Traditionally the pump is open to the atmosphere, and the hydraulic head is small, so that the absolute engine pressure is close to atmospheric pressure.
Demonstration video
The videos show operation of a U-tube type model Fluidyne engin |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computing%20performance | Computing performance can mean:
Algorithmic efficiency (software)
Computer performance (hardware) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IFK%20Stockholm | IFK Stockholm is a multi-sports club in Stockholm, Sweden. It is most known for its football team.
Background
The club was formed 1 February 1895 as IF Kamraterna (IFK) by two young students, Louis Zettersten and Pehr Ehnemark, and was the first IFK club. The club soon changed name to IFK Stockholm to differentiate it from the other IFK clubs that were formed in various towns in Sweden.
The club had minor successes in the early days of Swedish football, but from 2008 to 2010, resided in Division 5, part of the regional leagues of the Swedish football league system. The club is affiliated to the Stockholms Fotbollförbund.
The club also sponsors bowling and swimming. It formerly also sponsored ice hockey and played its home games at the Hovet, formerly known as Johanneshovs Isstadion. It also played bandy, a sport in which it was the runner-up for the Swedish Championship in 1910. The men's bandy team has played seven seasons in the Swedish top division.
Season to season
In their most successful period IFK Stockholm competed in the following divisions:
In recent seasons IFK Stockholm have competed in the following divisions:
Attendances
In recent seasons IFK Stockholm have had the following average attendances:
Achievements
Svenska Mästerskapet:
Runners-up (1): 1905
Corinthian Bowl:
Runners-up (2): 1906, 1907
Svenska Fotbollspokalen:
Runners-up (2): 1903 II
Wicanderska Välgörenhetsskölden:
Winners (4): 1905, 1906, 1911, 1912
Kamratmästerskapen:
Winners (5): 1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WCAN-TV | WCAN-TV (channel 25) was a television station in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States, which operated from 1953 to 1955. It was the second television station and first ultra high frequency (UHF) outlet in Milwaukee and was owned by Midwest Broadcasting Company. Affiliated with CBS throughout its history, it shut down when the network bought its primary competitor, WOKY-TV (channel 19), taking with it the CBS affiliation; Poller sold the physical plant to CBS, while the WCAN-TV construction permit remained active and in force until 1969.
Establishment
After the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) lifted its freeze on television station assignments in 1952, it opened up new channels in the UHF band, among them channels 19, 25, and 31 for Milwaukee. Radio station WCAN (1250 AM) originally had filed for channel 12, a very high frequency (VHF) assignment, but it opted to withdraw from that contest and apply from channel 25 because three other groups also sought channel 12. They were not alone in doing so. WFOX (860 AM) also applied for channel 12 and switched its application to channel 25 in the same week, setting up a potential comparative hearing. A third applicant, Harry Balaban's Northwestern Television Company, also filed for the channel but later amended its application to specify channel 19.
When WFOX then decided to go after channel 19, incorrectly believing that the recent award to the corporate owners of WOKY (920 AM) of a permit for a station in Madison disqualifie |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uteroglobin | Uteroglobin, or blastokinin, also known as secretoglobin family 1A member 1 (SCGB1A1), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SCGB1A1 gene.
SCGB1A1 is the founding member of the secretoglobin family of small, secreted, disulfide-bridged dimeric proteins found only in mammals. This antiparallel disulfide linked homodimeric protein is multifunctional and found in various tissues in various names such as: uteroglobin (UG, UGB), uteroglobin-like antigen (UGL), blastokinin, club-cell secretory protein (CCSP), Clara-cell 16 kD protein (17 in rat/mice), club-cell-specific 10 kD protein (CC10), human protein 1, urine protein 1 (UP-1), polychlorinated biphenyl-binding protein (PCB-BP), human club cell phospholipid-binding protein (hCCPBP), secretoglobin 1A member 1 (SCGB1A1).
This protein is specifically expressed in club cells in the lungs.
Function
The precise physiological role of uteroglobin is not yet known. Putative functions are:
Immunomodulation
Progesterone binding: weak in some animals, especially weak in humans. (Note: UGB is itself progesterone induced gene in the endometrium in Lagomorphs)
Inhibits phospholipase A2 in vitro
Binds phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol
Binds to fibronectin: The uteroglobulin knockout mice on the inbred C57Bl6 strain develop Goodpasture's syndrome like glomerulopathy due to fibronectin binding of IgA which might potentially be prevented by uteroglobin replacement. However contrary to the animal model claims, human genetic |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilinear%20program | In mathematics, a bilinear program is a nonlinear optimization problem whose objective or constraint functions are bilinear. An example is the pooling problem.
References
Bilinear program at the Mathematical Programming Glossary.
Mathematical optimization |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duck%20Creek | Duck Creek may refer to:
Duck Creek (Smyrna River tributary), a stream in Kent and New Castle Counties, Delaware
Duck Creek (Barker Creek), a stream in Missouri
Duck Creek (Upper Castor River), a stream in Missouri
Duck Creek (Ohio)
Duck Creek, Garland, Texas
Duck Creek (Trinity River tributary)
Duck Creek, Utah
Duck Creek (Wisconsin), a stream in Wisconsin
Duck Creek (Quad Cities)
Duck Creek Hundred, an unincorporated subdivision of Kent County, Delaware; see List of Delaware Hundreds.
Duck Creek (Clyde, New South Wales)
Duck Creek (Bogan River tributary), New South Wales, Australia
Duck Creek Natural Area, a protected area of Rio Blanco County, Colorado, USA
Taylors Creek, also known as Duck Creek, in Kentucky
See also
Duck River (disambiguation)
Duck (disambiguation) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholesterol%207%20alpha-hydroxylase | Cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase also known as cholesterol 7-alpha-monooxygenase or cytochrome P450 7A1 (CYP7A1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the gene which has an important role in cholesterol metabolism. It is a cytochrome P450 enzyme, which belongs to the oxidoreductase class, and converts cholesterol to 7-alpha-hydroxycholesterol, the first and rate limiting step in bile acid synthesis.
The inhibition of cholesterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) represses bile acid biosynthesis.
Evolution
Sequence comparisons indicated a huge similarity between cytochromes P450 identified in man and bacteria, and suggested that the superfamily cytochrome P450 first originated from a common ancestral gene some three billion years ago.
The superfamily cytochrome P450 was named in 1961, because of the 450-nm spectral peak pigment that cytochrome P450 has when reduced and bound to carbon monoxide. In the early 1960s, P450 was thought to be one enzyme, and by the mid 1960s it was associated with drug and steroid metabolism.
However, the membrane-associated and hydrophobic nature of the enzyme system impeded purification, and the number of proteins involved could not be accurately counted. Advances in mRNA purification in the early 1980s allowed to isolate the first cDNA encoding a complete cytochrome P450 (CYP) protein, and thereafter, results of many cloning studies have revealed a large number of different enzymes.
Advances in molecular biology and genomics facilitated the |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FM%20transmitter | FM transmitter may refer to:
A transmitter sending out a frequency modulated signal
A personal FM transmitter, a very short range device to enable the listening of music from a music device through the speakers of a regular FM radio. |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pat%20Kerrins | Pat Kerrins (born 13 September 1936 in Fulham, London) is an English former footballer who played in the Football League as an outside left for Queens Park Rangers, Crystal Palace and Southend United.
Kerrins came through the youth ranks at Queens Park Rangers, turned professional in December 1953 and made his debut in February 1954 in a goalless draw against Exeter City. He went on to play 146 league games for Rangers, scoring 30 league goals, then transferred to Crystal Palace in 1960 and later had spells at Southend United and non-league Romford.
References
1936 births
Living people
Footballers from Fulham
English men's footballers
Men's association football wingers
Queens Park Rangers F.C. players
Crystal Palace F.C. players
Southend United F.C. players
Romford F.C. players
English Football League players |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretoglobin | Secretoglobins (SCGBs) are a family of small, alpha-helical, disulfide linked, dimeric proteins found only in mammals. This family was formerly known as the Uteroglobin/Clara cell 10-kDa family, after the two aliases of its founding member Uteroglobin.
Structure and function
The proteins are mostly alpha-helical, and the dimer is formed in an antiparallel way. The dimer interface features a cavity formed across the two monomers, which can accommodate small to medium sized ligands like steroids and phospholipids. The binding and release may be coupled with the redox state of the cystines, i.e. the presence of these disulfide bonds.
Many have regulatory functions.
Classification
The family was classified by sequence homology into 6 subfamilies in 2006. The human and mouse genomes only contain the first three families, per an 2011 update. Not every family is monophyletic.
Rat prostatein (rat prostatic steroid binding protein) is a three component, tetrameric protein complex built from three lipophilin-like genes in groups 2 and 3. Some sources describe it as the ortholog of lipophilin.
Extra subfamilies
Subfamilies 4 and 6 were originally described as found in human and mice, but they are now treated as duplicates of existing groups. Subfamily 5 is found in neither to begin with.
Subfamily 4 formerly included what is now known as group 1B and 2B as group 4A. Pairs of 1B/2B (ABP) genes are arranged head-to-head on the chromosome into "modules" that have been independent |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma%20test | Gamma test may refer to:
Gamma test (statistics)
An alternate name for "release candidate" in the software release life cycle |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliettite | Aliettite is a complex phyllosilicate mineral of the smectite group with a formula of (Ca0.2Mg6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4·4H2O) or .
It is a soft, colorless to pale yellow or green earthy mineral which crystallizes in the monoclinic system as minute tabular to platy crystals.
It was first described in 1968 for an occurrence in Monte Chiaro, Albareto, Parma Province, Emilia-Romagna, Italy and named for the Italian mineralogist Andrea Alietti (born 1923).
It occurs in serpentinized ophiolites and their residual soil. It also occurs in altered dolomite. Associated minerals include talc, chlorite, serpentine and calcite. In addition to the type locality in Italy it has been reported from Kinshasa, Katanga; the Chelyabinsk Oblast of the southern Urals and the Turii alkaline Massif of the Kola Peninsula in Russia; the Zirabulak Mountains of Uzbekistan; and the Goldstrike Mine of Eureka County, Nevada, US.
References
Smectite group
Hexagonal minerals |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ameghinite | Ameghinite, Na[H4B3O7] or NaB3O3(OH)4, is a mineral found in Argentina. It is a soft mineral with a Mohs hardness of 2–3. Ameghinite has a monoclinic crystal system.
It was first described in 1967 for an occurrence in the Tincalayu Mine, Salar Del Hombre Muerto, Salta, Argentina. It was named for Argentine geologist brothers, Carlos Ameghino (1865–1936) and Florentino Ameghino (1854–1911).
References
Nesoborates
Monoclinic minerals
Minerals in space group 15
Minerals described in 1967 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weak%20NP-completeness | In computational complexity, an NP-complete (or NP-hard) problem is weakly NP-complete (or weakly NP-hard) if there is an algorithm for the problem whose running time is polynomial in the dimension of the problem and the magnitudes of the data involved (provided these are given as integers), rather than the base-two logarithms of their magnitudes. Such algorithms are technically exponential functions of their input size and are therefore not considered polynomial.
For example, the NP-hard knapsack problem can be solved by a dynamic programming algorithm requiring a number of steps polynomial in the size of the knapsack and the number of items (assuming that all data are scaled to be integers); however, the runtime of this algorithm is exponential time since the input sizes of the objects and knapsack are logarithmic in their magnitudes. However, as Garey and Johnson (1979) observed, “A pseudo-polynomial-time algorithm … will display 'exponential behavior' only when confronted with instances containing 'exponentially large' numbers, [which] might be rare for the application we are interested in. If so, this type of algorithm might serve our purposes almost as well as a polynomial time algorithm.” Another example for a weakly NP-complete problem is the subset sum problem.
The related term strongly NP-complete (or unary NP-complete) refers to those problems that remain NP-complete even if the data are encoded in unary, that is, if the data are "small" relative to the overall i |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermosynthesis | Thermosynthesis is a theoretical mechanism proposed by Anthonie Muller for biological use of the free energy in a temperature gradient to drive energetically uphill anabolic reactions. It makes use of this thermal gradient, or the dissipative structure of convection in this gradient, to drive a microscopic heat engine that performs condensation reactions. Thus negative entropy is generated. The components of the biological thermosynthesis machinery concern progenitors of today's ATP synthase, which functions according to the binding change mechanism, driven by chemiosmosis. Resembling primitive free energy generating physico-chemical processes based on temperature-dependent adsorption to inorganic materials such as clay, this simple type of energy conversion is proposed to have sustained the origin of life, including the emergence of the RNA World. For this RNA World it gives a model that describes the stepwise acquisition of the set of transfer RNAs that sustains the Genetic code. The phylogenetic tree of extant transfer RNAs is consistent with the idea.
Thermosynthesis may still occur in some terrestrial
and extraterrestrial environments. However, no organisms are known at present that use thermosynthesis as a source of energy, although it is possible that it might occur in extraterrestrial environments where no light is available, such as on the subsurface ocean that may exist on the moon Europa. Thermosynthesis also permits a simple model for the origin of photosynthesi |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel%20Hoch | Daniel Lars Hoch (born 11 May 1979) is a Swedish former football player who played as a striker.
He moved from IF Brommapojkarna to AIK in 1997, where he got his senior debut. After nine seasons at AIK, he moved abroad to play for Danish Superliga club Aalborg BK (AaB) in January 2006. In his first months at AaB, he was recovering from an injury, and after only nine games and two goals, he left the club again in July 2006. He returned to Sweden to play for Assyriska FF. In 2007, he signed for Swedish Superettan-club IK Sirius where he scored 20 goals in two seasons. Despite of speculations about him leaving the club he signed a new contract in 2009.
Honours
Club
AIK
Allsvenskan: 1998
Svenska Cupen: 1996–97, 1998–99
References
External links
1979 births
Living people
Swedish men's footballers
Vasalunds IF players
IF Brommapojkarna players
AIK Fotboll players
AaB Fodbold players
Assyriska FF players
AFC Eskilstuna players
Allsvenskan players
Superettan players
Danish Superliga players
Swedish expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Denmark
Swedish expatriate sportspeople in Denmark
IK Sirius Fotboll players
Men's association football forwards
Footballers from Stockholm |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation%20in%20Papua%20New%20Guinea | Papua New Guinea together with the West Papua region of Indonesia (New Guinea) make up a major tropical wilderness area that still contains 5% of the original and untouched tropical high-biodiversity terrestrial ecosystems. PNG in itself contains over 5% of the world's biodiversity in less than 1% of the world's total land area. The flora of New Guinea is unique because it has two sources of origin; the Gondwana flora from the south and flora with Asian origin from the west. As a result, New Guinea shares major family and genera with Australia and the East Asia, but is rich in local endemic species. The endemicity is a result of mountainous isolation, topographic and soil habitat heterogeneity, high forest disturbance rates and abundant aseasonal rainfall year round. PNG boasts some 15–21,000 higher plants, 3,000 species of orchids, 800 species of coral, 600 species of fish, 250 species of mammals and 760 species of birds and 8 species of tree-kangaroos out of which 84 genera of animals are endemic. Ecosystems range from lowland forests to montane forests, alpine flora down to coastal areas which contains some of the most extensive pristine mangrove areas in the world. Much of this biodiversity has remained intact for thousands of years because the ruggedness of the terrain made the interior lands inaccessible; furthermore low population density and restrictions on the effectiveness of traditional tools, ensured that these biodiversity was never overexploited.
Biodiversity v |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jad%C3%ADlson%20%28footballer%2C%20born%201977%29 | José Jadílson dos Santos Silva (born December 4, 1977 in Maceió, Alagoas), most commonly known as Jadílson, is a Brazilian football defender.
Club statistics
Honours
Goiás
Campeonato Goiano: 2006
São Paulo
Campeonato Brasileiro Série A: 2007
Cruzeiro
Campeonato Mineiro: 2008
Personal Honours
Brazilian Silver Ball (Placar) - Best Left Back: 2005
References
External links
globoesporte.globo.com
CBF
sambafoot
saopaulofc.net
1977 births
Living people
Brazilian men's footballers
Brazilian expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Japan
Campeonato Brasileiro Série A players
Campeonato Brasileiro Série B players
J1 League players
Clube de Regatas Brasil players
Associação Portuguesa de Desportos players
Botafogo Futebol Clube (SP) players
Guarani FC players
Hokkaido Consadole Sapporo players
Fluminense FC players
Paraná Clube players
Goiás Esporte Clube players
São Paulo FC players
Cruzeiro Esporte Clube players
Grêmio Foot-Ball Porto Alegrense players
Grêmio Barueri Futebol players
Men's association football defenders
Footballers from Maceió |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrocaryum%20aculeatissimum | Astrocaryum aculeatissimum (syn. Astrocaryum ayri Mart., Toxophoenix aculeatissima Schott) is a palm native to Atlantic Coast restingas vegetation, which is an ecosystem of Atlantic Forest biome in Brazil. This plant has a commercial value because it has useful fibers which may be used to make production of brooms.
The trunk of the tree is covered by rings of very sharp spines, believed by some biologists to have evolved as protection against the extinct Megatherium Giant Ground Sloth.
External links
Astrocaryum aculeatissimum photos
aculeatissimum
Endemic flora of Brazil
Flora of the Atlantic Forest
Trees of Brazil
Fiber plants
Medicinal plants of South America
Least concern plants
Least concern biota of South America |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WFRO-FM | WFRO-FM is a commercial FM radio station, licensed to the Sandusky county seat of Fremont, Ohio. The station operates at the federally assigned frequency of 99.1 MHz, and is owned by BAS Broadcasting.
History
WFRO had for much of its existence, been a combination AM and FM station, with the FM first going on the air in 1946, and the AM (at 900 kHz) coming on the air three years later. Both stations simulcast each other for a portion of the broadcast day, breaking away for separate programming during the midday hours, with the AM concentrating more on information and talk, and the FM for music.
For many years, WFRO AM broadcast a full-service MOR format heavy on local news and information; WFRO-FM played beautiful music during non-simulcast dayparts. AM 900's directional signal allowed WFRO programming to be heard clearly throughout much of southeastern Michigan (including the metropolitan Detroit area) and southwestern Ontario in addition to Ohio's North Coast region. By the 1990s, WFRO and WFRO-FM were simulcasting each other for most of the broadcast day, and WFRO's music format had evolved into a more contemporary mix of AC and adult-appeal CHR hits, but the full-service emphasis remained.
The station was founded by Wolfe Broadcasting Company, which controlled the station until 2001, when both stations were sold separately to different owners.
BAS Broadcasting purchased WFRO-FM, while ABC/Disney purchased the license to WFRO/900, but not to run it as a separate entit |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agnes%20von%20Krusenstjerna | Agnes von Krusenstjerna (October 9, 1894 – March 10, 1940) was a Swedish writer and noble. She was a controversial writer whose books challenged the moral standards of the day and was the center of a great literary controversy of the freedom of speech.
Biography
Krusenstjerna was born in Växjö and brought up in Gävle. Niece of Edvard von Krusenstjerna, she was born in to the nobility. She was educated at the teacher's academy of Anna Sandström in Stockholm. She married David Sprengel in 1921.
Agnes von Krusenstjerna was on several occasions admitted to mental hospitals. In 1940, she was diagnosed with a brain tumour; she died on the operating table in March 1940. Krusenstjerna died in Stockholm.
Works
She debuted as a writer with the girls' novel Ninas dagbok (1917) and made her breakthrough with the Tony novel series (1922–26) about a girl's development in a noble environment.
The Tony series was greatly controversial, as it depicted sexual themes as well as mental disorders, which made Krusenstjerna controversial. Sexuality was, before the 1920s, not mentioned in novels, and her books depicted sex and intercourse. The novel series Fröknarna von Pahlen created one of the greatest debates and controversies of its time in Sweden, known as Krusenstjernafejden (The Krusenstjerna feud): the series described sexual intercourse, which caused an enormous amount of attention and led to a two-year-long (1933–35) debate about the freedom of speech, the relation of literature towa |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%C3%AA%20%28footballer%2C%20born%201986%29 | Alexandre Luiz Fernandes (born 21 January 1986), commonly known as Alê, is a Brazilian footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for CA Juventus.
Club statistics
Honours
São Paulo
Campeonato Paulista: 2005
Copa Libertadores: 2005
Campeonato Brasileiro: 2006
Contract
Atlético Mineiro: 14 September 2010 to 14 September 2014
Americana Futebol Ltda.: 2 May 2011 to 31 December 2011 (on loan)
External links
1986 births
Living people
Footballers from São Paulo
Brazilian men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Campeonato Brasileiro Série A players
Campeonato Brasileiro Série B players
Campeonato Brasileiro Série C players
São Paulo FC players
Clube Atlético Juventus players
Botafogo de Futebol e Regatas players
Esporte Clube Santo André players
Club Athletico Paranaense players
Clube Atlético Mineiro players
Avaí FC players
Associação Portuguesa de Desportos players
Rio Claro Futebol Clube players
J2 League players
Cerezo Osaka players
Brazilian expatriate men's footballers
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Japan
Expatriate men's footballers in Japan |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A2199%20road | The A2199 is an urban A-road in south London. It runs from the A215 Norwood Road, in the centre of Herne Hill, to the A212 Crystal Palace Parade.
Route
Herne Hill
The A2199 commences its journey on the A215 Norwood Road, opposite Brockwell Park. Starting as Croxted Road, it heads south, forming a boundary between the London Borough of Lambeth, to the west, and the London Borough of Southwark, to the east. In this section, Lambeth is the dominant borough.
It immediately comes under a bridge, carrying the Sutton Loop Line, between the stations of Herne Hill and Tulse Hill and then afterwards bending to the right. We pass a petrol garage, quickly followed by passing under another bridge, this time the Caterham Line, between the stations of North Dulwich and Tulse Hill, before the road comes to a crossroads with Turney Road. It continues straight, eventually arriving to a junction with the A205 Thurlow Park Road (South Circular Road), near to West Dulwich Station.
West Dulwich
Here the road continues straight, with Southwark winning the battle, and stays dominant for the rest of the route. The road passes blocks of flats, until it reaches a parade of shops, in the centre of West Dulwich. Here, it reaches a junction, with Park Hall Road, where it continues straight, changing its name to South Croxted Road. It follows this Victorian terraced street until a couple of bends, which takes it to a large roundabout.
Arterial route
It is the main north–south arterial road for West |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A234%20road | The A234 is an A road between Crystal Palace and Beckenham in London, England.
Route
It starts as Crystal Palace Park Road near the top of Sydenham Hill. Running down on the North side of Crystal Palace Park it passes under two viaducts for the railway lines between London Bridge and East Croydon and Crystal Palace. It then enters Penge as Penge High Street before crossing the A213. It then passes underneath Tramlink, before finishing at Beckenham town centre.
External links
SABRE Roads by Ten – A234
Roads in England
Streets in the London Borough of Bromley |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A212%20road | The A212 is an A road in South London, linking Lewisham to Croydon.
Route
It runs southwest from the South Circular at Catford, going through Sydenham, Norwood and Crystal Palace before heading south to Croydon. It then turns east to terminate at the A2022 road in Forestdale.
Vicar's Oak
The junction with the A214 at Crystal Palace is the meeting point of four London Boroughs – London Borough of Bromley, London Borough of Croydon, London Borough of Lambeth and London Borough of Southwark. The Vicar's Oak, a tree which stood here from the 16th century was once the traditional marker of this boundary.
References
Roads in England
Streets in the London Borough of Croydon
Streets in the London Borough of Lewisham
Streets in the London Borough of Southwark |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ragel | Ragel is a finite-state machine compiler and a parser generator. Initially Ragel supported output for C, C++ and Assembly source code, and was expanded to support several other languages including Objective C, D, Go, Ruby, and Java. Additional language support is also in development. It supports the generation of table or control flow driven state machines from regular expressions and/or state charts and can also build lexical analysers via the longest-match method. Ragel specifically targets text parsing and input validation.
Overview
Ragel supports the generation of table or control flow driven state machines from regular expressions and/or state charts and can also build lexical analysers via the longest-match method.
A unique feature of Ragel is that user actions can be associated with arbitrary state machine transitions using operators that are integrated into the regular expressions. Ragel also supports visualization of the generated machine via graphviz.
The above graph represents a state-machine that takes user input as a series of bytes representing ASCII characters and control codes. 48..57 is equivalent to the regular expression [0-9] (i.e. any digit), so only sequences beginning with a digit can be recognised. If 10 (line feed) is encountered, we're done. 46 is the decimal point ('.'), 43 and 45 are positive and negative signs ('+', '-') and 69/101 is uppercase/lowercase 'e' (to indicate a number in scientific format). As such it will recognize the following p |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viropexis | Viropexis is the process by which different classes of viruses—particularly picornaviruses and papovaviruses—enter the host cell in which they will be able to replicate. The hydrophobic structures of the capsid proteins may be exposed after viral binding to the cell (see viral attachment protein). These structures help the virion or the viral genome slip through the membrane. It can be juxtaposed with viral endocytosis, which is receptor mediated, and doesn't involve direct penetration of the virion.
See also
Sources
Virology |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San%20Lorenzo%20in%20Panisperna | The church of San Lorenzo in Panisperna is a Roman Catholic church on Via Panisperna, Rome, central Italy. It was previously known as "San Lorenzo in Formoso". It was erected on the site of its dedicatee's martyrdom. It is one of several churches in Rome dedicated to him.
Name
"Panisperna" most probably refers to the tradition of the Poor Clares of the adjacent convent distributing bread and ham, "panis et perna" in Latin on 10 August, the Feast of St. Lawrence, in remembrance of his distribution of funds of the Church to the poor. The previous name of the church "in Formoso" referred to Pope Formosus who erected the first attested church on its site.
History
Tradition states that the first edifice on the site was constructed during the reign of Emperor Constantine I, only 100 years after the martyrdom of St. Lawrence. In the fifth century, this church was one of the Stational Churches of Rome that the Pope visited on its titular day: the Thursday of the first week in Lent. Recent popes have revived this ancient custom. The first written evidence of an ecclesiastical edifice on the site is from 1300 when Pope Boniface VIII rebuilt the church and annexed an abbey to it. That abbey was given to the Benedictines in 1451 and later hosted the Poor Clares. They were removed in February 1872 as part of the confiscations of the new Italian government but were restored through the efforts of Cardinal Jacopo Colonna in 1896, who also restored the church and abbey. The Franciscans pr |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumatolysis | Pneumatolysis is an obsolete geologic term for magma emitting gasses that alter surrounding rock or crystallize minerals. Pneumatolysis is now considered a type of hydrothermal interaction.
See also
Metasomatism
References
Further reading
Philip Lake and R. H. Rastall. A textbook of geology (1920). 3rd ed. Edward Arnold: London. pp. 251-255 describes pneumatolysis, especially in granites.
McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of the Geological Sciences. Second edition. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1987. p. 518
External links
Igneous petrology
Metamorphic petrology
Obsolete geology theories
Geological processes |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CapZ | CapZ, also known as CAPZ, CAZ1 and CAPPA1, is a capping protein that caps the barbed end of actin filaments in muscle cells.
Structure
CapZ is a heterodimeric molecule, made up of an α and β subunit. The α and β subunits are similar in structure. Each subunit is divided into three domains and a shared C-terminal extension. Helix 1-3 is an N-terminal that is composed of three antiparallel helices that are arranged in an up, down, up pattern. Helix 4 is a C-terminal made up of an antiparallel β sheet which is composed of five β strands. On one side of the C-terminal, there is a shorter N-terminal helix and a long C-terminal helix. This long C-terminal helix makes up helix 5. The final helix, helix 6 differs in the α and β subunits. The β subunit is longer than the α subunit.
Function
Actin stabilisation
The main function of CapZ is to cap the barbed (plus) end of actin filaments in muscle cells. It is located in the Z band of the muscle sarcomere. This protein helps to stabilize the actin filaments protecting it from assembly and disassembly. The activity regulation of this protein can be done by other regulatory proteins that bind to the actin filaments blocking the CapZ, hence allowing assembly.
Cell signalling
CapZ is known to play a role in cell signaling, as it regulates PKC activity in cardiac cells.
Cell movement
CapZ plays a role in cell movement (cell crawling) by controlling the lengths of the microfilaments. When CapZ is inhibited by regulating factors, mic |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husqvarna%20Group | The Husqvarna Group () is a Swedish manufacturer of outdoor power products including robotic lawn mowers, chainsaws, trimmers, brushcutters, cultivators, and garden tractors. Founded as a firearms manufacturer in 1689, it is one of the oldest continuously running companies in the world. Headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden, the group also produces consumer watering products under the brand Gardena, cutting equipment and diamond tools for the construction and stone industries.
Their motorcycle division was spun off in 1987, and is now owned by KTM.
Their sewing machine division was sold off in 1997 and is now owned by SVP Worldwide.
Husqvarna Group sponsors the Swedish ice hockey club HV71, whose home arena, Husqvarna Garden, pays homage to its sponsor and the renowned Madison Square Garden arena in New York City.
History
1689 – Firearms
The drilling work at the waterfalls in Husqvarna, southern Sweden, was the first large plant. The state-owned rifle factory had some 1,000 employees at the beginning of the 18th century. The company was spun off from Husqvarna Vapenfabriks Aktiebolag in 1959. Shotguns were produced for 300 years, the last in 1989.
1872 – Sewing machines
When demand declined, it turned out that the machinery for production of rifles was well-suited for producing sewing machines.
1874 – Kitchen equipment in cast iron
Husqvarna started a foundry to produce details for sewing machines, a large part being the base frames. Soon the assortment was broadened to |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipocalin | The lipocalins are a family of proteins which transport small hydrophobic molecules such as steroids, bilins, retinoids, and lipids, and most lipocalins are also able to bind to complexed iron (via siderophores or flavonoids) as well as heme. They share limited regions of sequence homology and a common tertiary structure architecture. This is an eight stranded antiparallel beta barrel with a repeated + 1 topology enclosing an internal ligand binding site.
These proteins are found in gram negative bacteria, vertebrate cells, and invertebrate cells, and in plants. Lipocalins have been associated with many biological processes, among them immune response, pheromone transport, biological prostaglandin synthesis, retinoid binding, and cancer cell interactions.
Function
Immune response
Lipocalin proteins are important key players of nutritional immunity by withholding and sequestering micronutrients. They are thereby able to regulate inflammatory and detoxification processes caused by immune system activation in mammals. They are known respiratory allergens of mice, cats, dogs, horses, and other animals. Examples of lipocalin proteins involved in immune system responses include alpha-1-microglobulin, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, and C8gamma. Structural information for many immune system influencing lipocalin proteins is available, while their exact role in biological systems is still somewhat unclear. Lipocalin allergens have been shown to evoke a Th2-deviated immune respo |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypercone | In geometry, a hypercone (or spherical cone) is the figure in the 4-dimensional Euclidean space represented by the equation
It is a quadric surface, and is one of the possible 3-manifolds which are 4-dimensional equivalents of the conical surface in 3 dimensions. It is also named "spherical cone" because its intersections with hyperplanes perpendicular to the w-axis are spheres. A four-dimensional right hypercone can be thought of as a sphere which expands with time, starting its expansion from a single point source, such that the center of the expanding sphere remains fixed. An oblique hypercone would be a sphere which expands with time, again starting its expansion from a point source, but such that the center of the expanding sphere moves with a uniform velocity.
Parametric form
A right spherical hypercone can be described by the function
with vertex at the origin and expansion speed s.
A right spherical hypercone with radius r and height h can be described by the function
An oblique spherical hypercone could then be described by the function
where is the 3-velocity of the center of the expanding sphere.
An example of such a cone would be an expanding sound wave as seen from the point of view of a moving reference frame: e.g. the sound wave of a jet aircraft as seen from the jet's own reference frame.
Note that the 3D-surfaces above enclose 4D-hypervolumes, which are the 4-cones proper.
Geometrical interpretation
The spherical cone consists of two unbounded nappe |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuronal%20calcium%20sensor-1 | Neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1) also known as frequenin homolog (Drosophila) (freq) is a protein that is encoded by the FREQ gene in humans. NCS-1 is a member of the neuronal calcium sensor family, a class of EF hand containing calcium-myristoyl-switch proteins.
Function
NCS-1 regulates synaptic transmission, helps control the dynamics of nerve terminal growth, is critical for some forms of learning and memory in C. elegans and mammals, regulates corticohippocampal plasticity; and enhancing levels of NCS-1 in the mouse dentate gyrus increases spontaneous exploration of safe environments, potentially linking NCS-1 to curiosity.
NCS-1 is a calcium sensor, not a calcium buffer (chelator); thus it is a high-affinity, low-capacity, calcium-binding protein.
Frq can substitute for calmodulin in some situations. It is thought to be associated with neuronal secretory vesicles and regulate neurosecretion.
It is the Ca2+-sensing subunit of the yeast phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns)-4-OH kinase, PIK1
It binds to many proteins, some in calcium dependent and some in calcium independent ways, and switches many of the targets "on" (some off).
Calcineurin (protein phosphatase 2B)
GRK2 (G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 2)
D2 dopamine receptor
IL1RAPL1 (interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein-like 1 protein)
PI4KIIIβ (type III phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase β)
IP3 receptor (this activity is inhibited by lithium - a drug used for the treatment of bipolar disorder)
3',5'-cyclic nu |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuronal%20calcium%20sensor | Neuronal Calcium Sensor is a large family of proteins which work as calcium dependent molecular switches and includes members like Frequenin (NCS1), recoverin, GCAP, neurocalcin, visinin etc. All the members carry 4 EF hand motifs (out of which only 2 or 3 bind calcium) and an N-myristoyl group.
Members of NCS family
Highly evolutionarily conserved
NCS1 (Frequenin)
VILIP-1 (Visinin-like-protein-1)
HPCAL4 (Visinin-like-protein-2)
HPCAL1 (Visinin-like-protein-3)
hippocalcin
neurocalcin
recoverin
Guanylate cyclase activator proteins (GCAPs)
Potassium Channel interacting proteins (KChIPs 1–4), including:
KCNIP1,
KCNIP2,
Calsenilin or DREAM/KChIP-3/KCNIP3 (downstream regulatory element antagonist modulator/potassium channel interacting protein),
KCNIP4
References
External links
NCS proteins
Protein families |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NCS1 | ncs1 or NCS1 may refer to:
Neuronal calcium sensor
Neuronal calcium sensor-1
Nucleobase Cation Symporter 1
National Comorbidity Survey |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alabama%20State%20Route%20204 | State Route 204 (SR 204) is a highway that runs from U.S. Route 431 (US 431) at Crystal Springs (just north of Wellington) to SR 21 at Jacksonville. It is two lanes in its entirety.
Route description
SR 204 travels through rural territory except in Jacksonville. It carries a speed limit until entering Jacksonville. This highway is often used by motorists who travel between Jacksonville and areas accessible by US 431, such as Gadsden.
Beginning at US 431 at Crystal Springs, a small water recreation park, the road makes a wide left-hand curve and then a sharp, right-hand curve just east of its western terminus. It then passes beneath a narrow, substandard railroad trestle after which an uphill curve takes the road past a former elementary school site. The road then goes straight until turning slightly right and passing a small church. It then straightens again when going past a marshy wooded area on the right and turns slightly left and uphill before passing a cemetery.
Angel Grove Baptist Church can be seen on the right before making a left turn while going downhill. There is a Chevron station at the caution light before going uphill and across a high bridge over a deep valley. After a slight right-hand turn, Pleasant Valley Road can be seen at the caution light. The road again straightens and passes West Point Baptist Church. It then crosses its final bridge while slightly turning left, then turns left again before a short straightaway leading past the Jacksonville Wa |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susan%20Kieffer | Susan Elizabeth Werner Kieffer (born November 17, 1942 in Warren, Pennsylvania) is an American physical geologist and planetary scientist. Kieffer is known for her work on the fluid dynamics of volcanoes, geysers, and rivers, and for her model of the thermodynamic properties of complex minerals. She has also contributed to the scientific understanding of meteorite impacts.
Biography
Kieffer received her B.S. in physics/mathematics from Allegheny College in 1964 and is an alumna of the California Institute of Technology receiving both an M.S. (1967) in geological sciences and Ph.D. (1971) in planetary sciences. She received an Honorary Doctor of Science from Allegheny in 1987, and the Distinguished Alumnus Award, equivalent to an honorary Ph.D. from other institutions, from Caltech in 1982.
She is currently an Emeritus Professor of Geology in the Department of Geology at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. She began her teaching career as a Professor of Geology at the University of California, Los Angeles (1973) before working with the United States Geological Survey in Flagstaff, Arizona (1979–1990). After serving as a Regents Professor of Geology at Arizona State University (1991-1993) she went on to chair the Geological Sciences Department at the University of British Columbia (1993–1995).
She is a member of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States, a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and a member of the Washington State Acad |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suboccipital%20puncture | A suboccipital puncture or cisternal puncture is a diagnostic procedure that can be performed in order to collect a sample of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for biochemical, microbiological, and cytological analysis, or rarely to relieve increased intracranial pressure. It is done by inserting a needle through the skin below the external occipital protuberance into the cisterna magna and is an alternative to lumbar puncture. Indications for its use are limited. Subarachnoid hemorrhage and direct puncture of brain tissue are the most common major complications. Fluoroscopic guidance decreases the risk for complications. The use of this procedure in humans was first described by Ayer in 1920.
This is an exceedingly rare procedure. When CSF cannot be obtained from the lumbar space (and when its analysis is considered critical to treatment), a cisternal tap may be required. The needle is placed in the midline, passing just under the occipital bone, into the (usually large) cisterna magna (Fig. 23-2). This is technically fairly easy; however, if the needle is advanced too far it can enter the medulla, sometimes causing sudden respiratory arrest and death. The test should therefore be carried out only by experienced physicians (usually neurosurgeons or neuroradiologists). An alternative route that may be used by neurosurgeons and neuroradiologists is lateral to C-1 with penetration through the large C-1 intervertebral hiatus.
The cisternal tap may be used in myelography when the upper |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ges%C3%B9%20Buon%20Pastore%20alla%20Montagnola | Gesù Buon Pastore alla Montagnola is a titular church in Rome. It is located in via Luigi Perna.
Its parish was established by Pope Pius XI in 1937 and placed in the care of the Fathers of the Missionary Institute of the Pious Society of St Paul (known as the Paulini, not to be confused with the Paulists at Santa Susanna). The church itself was designed by Carlo Bondini and consecrated much later, on 18 March 1959 by Msgr. Luigi Traglia, and declared to be the "National church of victims of peace, of the fallen and of the victims of war". It is especially dedicated to the memory of the fallen in the Battle of Montagnola and Battle of Cecchignola, two battles against German forces in the Defence of Rome of 9–10 September 1943.
The interior has a canvas of The Good Shepherd, attributed by some to Carlo Dolci, and by others to Carlo Maratta.
Cardinal-deacons
Jozef Tomko (1985–1996)
James Stafford (1998–2008)
Velasio de Paolis (2010–2017)
Lazarus You Heung-sik (2022–present)
References
Titular churches
Rome Q. XX Ardeatino
20th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in Italy |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectral%20flatness | Spectral flatness or tonality coefficient, also known as Wiener entropy, is a measure used in digital signal processing to characterize an audio spectrum. Spectral flatness is typically measured in decibels, and provides a way to quantify how much a sound resembles a pure tone, as opposed to being noise-like.
The meaning of tonal in this context is in the sense of the amount of peaks or resonant structure in a power spectrum, as opposed to flat spectrum of a white noise. A high spectral flatness (approaching 1.0 for white noise) indicates that the spectrum has a similar amount of power in all spectral bands — this would sound similar to white noise, and the graph of the spectrum would appear relatively flat and smooth. A low spectral flatness (approaching 0.0 for a pure tone) indicates that the spectral power is concentrated in a relatively small number of bands — this would typically sound like a mixture of sine waves, and the spectrum would appear "spiky".
The spectral flatness is calculated by dividing the geometric mean of the power spectrum by the arithmetic mean of the power spectrum, i.e.:
where x(n) represents the magnitude of bin number n. Note that a single (or more) empty bin yields a flatness of 0, so this measure is most useful when bins are generally not empty.
The ratio produced by this calculation is often converted to a decibel scale for reporting, with a maximum of 0 dB and a minimum of −∞ dB.
The spectral flatness can also be measured within a specifie |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flora%20of%20Indonesia | The flora consists of many unique varieties of tropical plants. Blessed with a tropical climate and roughly 17,000 islands, Indonesia is the nation with the second highest biodiversity in the world. The flora of Ind reflects an intermingling of Asian, Australian and unique, Indonesian lineages. This is due to the geography of Indonesia, located between the aforementioned continents.
The archipelago consists of a variety of regions, from the tropical rain forests of the northern lowlands and the seasonal forests of the southern lowlands through the hill and mountain vegetation, to subalpine shrub vegetation. With the second longest coastline in the world, Indonesia also has many swamps and other varieties of coastal vegetation. Combined, these all give rise to a huge floral biodiversity.
There are about 28,000 species of flowering plants documented in Indonesia, including 2500 orchids, 122 species of bamboo, over 350 species of rattan and 400 species of Dipterocarpus, including ebony, sandalwood and teakwood.
Indonesia is also home to some unusual species of carnivorous plants. One exceptional species is known as Rafflesia arnoldi, named after Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles and Dr. Thomas Arnold, who discovered the flower in the depths of Bengkulu, southwest Sumatra. This parasitic plant has the largest flower of any plant, does not produce leaves and grows only on one species of liana on the rainforest floor. Another unusual plant is Amorphophallus titanum from Sumatra. Numerous |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Parshall | George W. Parshall (September 19, 1929 – July 28, 2019) was an American organometallic chemist who made notable contributions to homogeneous catalysis. He was a senior scientist at E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company for many years.
Personal and educational background
Born in Hackensack, Minnesota, Parshall received a Bachelor of Science degree with highest distinction from the University of Minnesota in 1951. He received his Ph.D. in Organic Chemistry from the University of Illinois in 1954 under the direction of Reynold C. Fuson. In 1954, he joined Central Research Department at du Pont Experimental Station, where he rose to Director of Chemical Sciences. He took two industrial sabbaticals, one at Imperial College London in 1960-61 and another at University of Oxford in 1986. He was a visiting Ipatieff Lecturer at Northwestern University of the fall of 1994. Parshall is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the New York Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Sciences, Phi Beta Kappa, Phi Lambda Upsilon and Sigma Xi.
Parshall is a member of the Guild of Scholars of The Episcopal Church. He married Naomi B. Simpson on October 9, 1954.
Professional career and technical contributions
Parshall was a senior manager at du Pont during an era of rapid development and commercialization of organometallic chemistry and homogeneous catalysis. He directed the work of 50 to 100 DuPont scientists, including that of Fred Tebbe and Richard Schrock. The activati |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My%20Place | My Place may refer to:
Music
My Place (album), by Monika Borzym, or the title song, 2013
"My Place" (song), by Nelly, 2004
"My Place", a song by the Crystals, 1965
"My Place", a song by Diana Ross from Everything Is Everything, 1970
"My Place", a song by T-Pain from Rappa Ternt Sanga, 2005
"My Place", a song by Tweet from Southern Hummingbird, 2002
"My Place", a song by the Vamps from Night & Day, 2017
"My Place", a song by Jaguar Wright from Divorcing Neo 2 Marry Soul, 2005
"My Place (Evergreen)", a song by Aqua Timez, 2007
Other uses
My Place (book), a 1987 autobiography by Sally Morgan
My Place (TV series), a 2009–2011 Australian children's series, based on Wheatley's book
My Place, a 1987 children's picture book by Nadia Wheatley
See also
"In My Place", a 2002 song by Coldplay |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rex%20Records%20%281933%29 | Rex Records was a United Kingdom-based record label founded in 1933 by the Crystalate Gramophone Record Manufacturing Company, also the parent of British Imperial Records. Rex released their first discs in September 1933, with the initial release bearing a catalogue number of 8000 or 8001. The company was taken over by Decca Records in March 1937. Rex Records were sold at Marks & Spencer's chain stores.
The label was discontinued in February 1948. Despite wartime limitations, they had released approximately 2,250 discs.
The label name reappeared in 1965 as part of the Decca group; for more information, see Rex Records (1965).
See also
List of record labels
Rex Records (disambiguation)
An In-progress List of Rex records at The 78rpm Community.
Search all Rex 78rpm records at the 78rpm Community Index Search
References
British record labels
Record labels established in 1933
Record labels disestablished in 1948
Pop record labels
Jazz record labels |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KASH%20domain | KASH domains are conserved C-terminal protein regions less than ~30 amino acids. KASH is an acronym for Klarsicht, ANC-1, Syne Homology. KASH domains always follow a transmembrane domain. Most proteins containing KASH domains are thought to be involved in the positioning of the nucleus in the cell. KASH domains interact with proteins containing SUN domains in the space between the outer and inner nuclear membranes to bridge the nuclear envelope, and may transfer force from the nucleoskeleton to the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton and enable mechanosensory roles in cells. KASH proteins are thought to largely localize to the outer nuclear membrane, although there are reports of inner nuclear membrane localization of some KASH protein isoforms.
Examples of KASH proteins
Caenorhabditis elegans
UNC-83
ANC-1
ZYG-12
Mammals
Nesprins-1, 2, 3 and 4 (also called Synes, Mynes, Nuance, Enaptin)
Drosophila melanogaster
Klarsicht
MSP-300
References
External links
- KASH domain in PROSITE
Protein domains |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon%20dioxide%20clathrate | Carbon dioxide hydrate or carbon dioxide clathrate is a snow-like crystalline substance composed of water ice and carbon dioxide. It normally is a Type I gas clathrate. There has also been some experimental evidence for the development of a metastable Type II phase at a temperature near the ice melting point. The clathrate can exist below 283K (10 °C) at a range of pressures of carbon dioxide. CO2 hydrates are widely studied around the world due to their promising prospects of carbon dioxide capture from flue gas and fuel gas streams relevant to post-combustion and pre-combustion capture. It is also quite likely to be important on Mars due to the presence of carbon dioxide and ice at low temperatures.
History
The first evidence for the existence of CO2 hydrates dates back to the year 1882, when Zygmunt Florenty Wróblewski reported clathrate formation while studying carbonic acid. He noted that gas hydrate was a white material resembling snow and could be formed by raising the pressure above a certain limit in his H2O - CO2 system. He was the first to estimate the CO2 hydrate composition, finding it to be approximately CO2•8H2O. He also mentions that "...the hydrate is only formed either on the walls of the tube, where the water layer is extremely thin or on the free water surface... (from French)" This already indicates the importance of the surface available for reaction (i.e. the larger the surface the better). Later on, in 1894, M. P. Villard deduced the hydrate composit |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organocatalysis | In organic chemistry, organocatalysis is a form of catalysis in which the rate of a chemical reaction is increased by an organic catalyst. This "organocatalyst" consists of carbon, hydrogen, sulfur and other nonmetal elements found in organic compounds. Because of their similarity in composition and description, they are often mistaken as a misnomer for enzymes due to their comparable effects on reaction rates and forms of catalysis involved.
Organocatalysts which display secondary amine functionality can be described as performing either enamine catalysis (by forming catalytic quantities of an active enamine nucleophile) or iminium catalysis (by forming catalytic quantities of an activated iminium electrophile). This mechanism is typical for covalent organocatalysis. Covalent binding of substrate normally requires high catalyst loading (for proline-catalysis typically 20–30 mol%).
Noncovalent interactions such as hydrogen-bonding facilitates low catalyst loadings (down to 0.001 mol%).
Organocatalysis offers several advantages. There is no need for metal-based catalysis thus making a contribution to green chemistry. In this context, simple organic acids have been used as catalyst for the modification of cellulose in water on multi-ton scale. When the organocatalyst is chiral an avenue is opened to asymmetric catalysis; for example, the use of proline in aldol reactions is an example of chirality and green chemistry. Organic chemists David MacMillan and Benjamin List were b |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tilicho%20Lake | Tilicho Lake () is a lake located in the Manang district of Nepal, as the crow flies from the city of Pokhara. It is situated at an altitude of in the Annapurna range of the Himalayas. Another source lists the altitude of Lake Tilicho as being . Lake Tilicho of Nepal is situated at an altitude of 4,949m from sea level. According to the Nepali Department of Hydrology & Meteorology (2003), no aquatic organism has been recorded in the lake.
Tilicho Lake is the destination of one of the most popular side hikes of the Annapurna Circuit trek. The hike takes additional 3–4 days. No camping is required, as new lodges have been built between Manang and the lake. The final approach to the lake is done in a day hike from the lodge at Tilicho Base Camp.
Trekkers attempting the Annapurna Circuit route usually cross the watershed between Manang and Kali Gandaki valleys over the 5416 meters high Thorong La pass. The alternate route, skirting Tilicho Lake from the north, has been gaining popularity. This route is more demanding and requires at least one night of camping. There are no teahouses or lodges past the Tilicho Base Camp lodge some kilometers east of the lake and the next village of Thini Gaon in the Kali Gandaki valley. Most groups spend two nights between these places. There are two passes leading to Thini Gaon and Jomsom; Mesokanto La and Tilicho North pass known also as Tilicho "Tourist pass". These routes via Tilicho Lake are more often closed by snow than the higher Thoron |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intestinal%20lymph%20trunk | The intestinal trunk receives the lymph from the stomach and intestine, from the pancreas and spleen, and from the lower and front part of the liver, and empties lymph into the cisterna chyli, which in turn drains into the thoracic duct.
External links
Description at uams.edu
Additional images
Lymphatics of the torso |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac%20amyloidosis | Cardiac amyloidosis is a subcategory of amyloidosis where there is depositing of the protein amyloid in the cardiac muscle and surrounding tissues. Amyloid, a misfolded and insoluble protein, can become a deposit in the heart's atria, valves, or ventricles. These deposits can cause thickening of different sections of the heart, leading to decreased cardiac function. The overall decrease in cardiac function leads to a plethora of symptoms. This multisystem disease was often misdiagnosed, with a corrected analysis only during autopsy. Advancements of technologies have increased earlier accuracy of diagnosis. Cardiac amyloidosis has multiple sub-types including light chain, familial, and senile. One of the most studied types is light chain cardiac amyloidosis. Prognosis depends on the extent of the deposits in the body and the type of amyloidosis. New treatment methods are actively being researched in regards to the treatment of heart failure and specific cardiac amyloidosis problems.
Types
The multiple subtypes of cardiac amyloidosis have varying epidemiological, diagnostic, and prognostic characteristics.
Light chain (AL-CM)
This relatively rare form of cardiac amyloidosis occurs in an estimated six to ten cases per 1,000,000 people. This sub- type usually affects males over the age of 60 and is rapidly progressive. Pathogenesis of this form is due to the aggregation of immunoglobulin lambda light chains. These chains are created by an abnormal expansion of plasma cells. Ov |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy-tailed%20distribution | In probability theory, heavy-tailed distributions are probability distributions whose tails are not exponentially bounded: that is, they have heavier tails than the exponential distribution. In many applications it is the right tail of the distribution that is of interest, but a distribution may have a heavy left tail, or both tails may be heavy.
There are three important subclasses of heavy-tailed distributions: the fat-tailed distributions, the long-tailed distributions, and the subexponential distributions. In practice, all commonly used heavy-tailed distributions belong to the subexponential class, introduced by Jozef Teugels.
There is still some discrepancy over the use of the term heavy-tailed. There are two other definitions in use. Some authors use the term to refer to those distributions which do not have all their power moments finite; and some others to those distributions that do not have a finite variance. The definition given in this article is the most general in use, and includes all distributions encompassed by the alternative definitions, as well as those distributions such as log-normal that possess all their power moments, yet which are generally considered to be heavy-tailed. (Occasionally, heavy-tailed is used for any distribution that has heavier tails than the normal distribution.)
Definitions
Definition of heavy-tailed distribution
The distribution of a random variable X with distribution function F is said to have a heavy (right) tail if |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honey%20Bee%20Genome%20Sequencing%20Consortium | The Honey Bee Genome Sequencing Consortium is an international collaborative group of genomics scientists, scientific organisations and universities trying to decipher the genome sequences of the honey bee (Apis mellifera). It was formed in 2001 by American scientists. In the US, the project is funded by the National Human Genome Research Institute (a division of the National Institutes of Health (NIH)), the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, the University of Illinois Sociogenomics Initiative, and various beekeepers association and the bee industry.
First scientific findings show that the honey bee genome may have evolved more slowly than the genomes of the fruit fly and malaria mosquito. The bee genome contains versions of some important mammalian genes.
The complete genome of Apis mellifera has been sequenced and consists of 10,000 genes with approximately 236 million base pairs. The size of the genome is a tenth of the human genome.
The Western honey bee gene sequence showed 163 chemical receptors for smell but only 10 for taste. Besides the discovery of new genes for the use of pollen and nectar, researchers found that, in comparison with other insects, Apis mellifera has fewer genes for immunity, detoxification and the development of the cuticula.
The population genetic analysis showed Africa as the origin and hypothesized that the spread into Europe happened in at least two independent waves.
Data fro |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aaron%20Alfandari | Aaron ben Moses Alfandari ( 1700 – 1774 in Hebron) () was a Talmudic writer born in Smyrna. He emigrated to the Land of Israel (Ottoman Syria at the time) in his old age, where he met Chaim Yosef David Azulai, known as the CHIDA. In his book Shem HaGedolim, the CHIDA states he "got to meet the Rabbi in his old age in the holy city of Hebron, enjoying the radiance of his light..." Rabbi Alfandari was the first to sign the CHIDA's documents affirming him as an emissary to represent the Jewish community in foreign lands. The CHIDA lists him as one of the sages buried in the ancient Jewish cemetery in Hebron. Today, his name on the list is displayed on a plaque at the cemetery, although his exact grave site location was lost during the Jordanian period.
Works
He was the author of two works:
Yad Aharon (Aaron's Hand), a collection of notes on Ṭur Oraḥ Ḥayyim (the first part of which was published in Smyrna in 1735, and the second in Salonica in 1791) and on Ṭur Eben ha-'Ezer (Smyrna, 1756–66)
Mirkebet ha-Mishneh (The Second Chariot), a treatise on the first part of Maimonides' Yad ha-ḤazaḲah.
He died in Hebron in 1774. His grandson, Isaac Ardit, wrote a eulogy on him in his YeḲar ha-'Erek, Salonica, 1836.
See also
Alfandari
References
Its bibliography:
Azulai, Shem ha-Gedolim, s.v.;
Heimann Joseph Michael, Or ha-Ḥayyim, No. 302;
Joseph Zedner, Cat. Hebr. Books Brit. Mus. p. 40.
18th-century rabbis from the Ottoman Empire
Sephardi rabbis from Ottoman Palestine
Smyr |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herman%20G.%20Kump | Herman Guy Kump (October 31, 1877February 14, 1962) was the 19th Governor of West Virginia from 1933 to 1937. In 1907, he married Edna Hall Scott. Usually referred to as H. Guy Kump, he served as the 19th Governor of West Virginia during the Great Depression.
Early years
Governor Kump was a graduate of the University of Virginia, and after completing his studies he started a law practice in Elkins, West Virginia. Herman Guy Kump and his wife Edna reared six children. They were Cyrus, Frances, Margaret and Elizabeth (twins), Mary, and Benjamin. H. G. Kump served as Prosecuting Attorney and Circuit Judge of Randolph County, was president of a local bank, and also was elected mayor of Elkins. During World War I, he was a captain in the United States Army serving in the Judge Advocate General's office in Washington, D.C.
Legal career
For years, former Governor Kump had a respected law firm of Kump, Kump, and Nuzum with his eldest son, Cyrus Kump, and their law partner, Jack Robert Nuzum. Cyrus Kump was active in community life and in 1952 attempted to be the Democratic nominee for Governor of West Virginia but was not successful in that bid. He was a notable lawyer in West Virginia and was instrumental with other community members in starting the West Virginia Highlanders Bagpipe Band. Cyrus Kump was a member of the West Virginia University Board of Governors in the early 1960s and was an alternate delegate to Democratic National Convention from West Virginia in 1952. Gov |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute%20of%20Mathematical%20Statistics | The Institute of Mathematical Statistics is an international professional and scholarly society devoted to the development, dissemination, and application of statistics and probability. The Institute currently has about 4,000 members in all parts of the world. Beginning in 2005, the institute started offering joint membership with the Bernoulli Society for Mathematical Statistics and Probability as well as with the International Statistical Institute. The Institute was founded in 1935 with Harry C. Carver and Henry L. Rietz as its two most important supporters. The institute publishes a variety of journals, and holds several international conference every year.
Publications
The Institute publishes five journals:
Annals of Statistics
Annals of Applied Statistics
Annals of Probability
Annals of Applied Probability
Statistical Science
In addition, it co-sponsors:
The Current Index to Statistics
Electronic Communications in Probability
Electronic Journal of Probability
Electronic Journal of Statistics
Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics (A joint publication with the American Statistical Association and the Interface Foundation of North America)
Probability Surveys (A joint publication with the International Statistical Institute and the Bernoulli Society for Mathematical Statistics and Probability)
Statistics Surveys (A joint publication with the American Statistical Association, the Bernoulli Society for Mathematical Statistics and Probability, and the St |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital%20nephrotic%20syndrome | Congenital nephrotic syndrome is a rare kidney disease which manifests in infants during the first 3 months of life, and is characterized by high levels of protein in the urine (proteinuria), low levels of protein in the blood, and swelling. This disease is primarily caused by genetic mutations which result in damage to components of the glomerular filtration barrier and allow for leakage of plasma proteins into the urinary space.
Signs and symptoms
Urine protein loss leads to total body swelling (generalized edema) and abdominal distension in the first several weeks to months of life. Fluid retention may lead to cough (from pulmonary edema), ascites, and widened cranial sutures and fontanelles. High urine protein loss can lead to foamy appearance of urine. Infants may be born prematurely with low birth weight, and have meconium stained amniotic fluid or a large placenta.
Complications
Frequent, severe infections: urinary loss of immunoglobulins
Malnutrition and poor growth
Blood clots (hypercoagulability): imbalance of plasma coagulation factors from urine protein loss
Hypothyroidism: urinary loss of thyroid-binding protein
Poor bone health associated with vitamin D deficiency: urinary loss of vitamin D binding protein
Acute kidney injury
Chronic kidney disease and ultimately end-stage kidney disease
Causes
Primary (genetic) causes
Mutations in the following five genes account for greater than 80% of the genetic causes of congenital nephrotic syndrome:
NPHS1 (F |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LRK | Long Range Kinematic (LRK) technology is a sophisticated kinematic method developed by Magellan (formerly Thales) Navigation that optimises the advantages of dual-frequency GPS operation. Other conventional methods use the dual-frequency only during initialisation. LRK makes solving ambiguities during initialisation easy and continuous dual-frequency kinematic operation possible at distances up to 40 kilometres.
Conventional dual-frequency kinematic operation is limited to about 10 kilometres, using a combined observation on GPS L1 and L2 frequencies to produce an initial wide lane solution, ambiguous to around 86 centimetres. During a second phase, the conventional kinematic method uses measurements from the L1 frequency only. This method only allows for kinematic operation as long as the de-correlation of atmospheric errors is compatible with a pure phase single-frequency solution.
Similar to the KART process, LRK is a simple and reliable method that allows any initialisation mode, from a static or fixed reference point, to On The Fly ambiguity resolution, when performing dual-frequency GPS positioning. LRK technology reduces initialisation times to a few seconds by efficiently using L2 measurements in every mode of operation. LRK maintains optimal real-time positioning accuracy to within a centimetre at a range up to 40-50 kilometres, even with a reduced number of visible satellites.
External links
https://web.archive.org/web/20060821080822/http://products.thalesnaviga |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P.A.%20Semi | P. A. Semi (originally Palo Alto Semiconductor) was an American fabless semiconductor company founded in Santa Clara, California in 2003 by Daniel W. Dobberpuhl, who was previously the lead designer for the DEC Alpha 21064 and StrongARM processors. The company employed a 150-person engineering team which included people who had previously worked on processors like Itanium, Opteron and UltraSPARC. Apple Inc acquired P.A. Semi for $278 million in April 2008.
History
P. A. Semi concentrated on making powerful and power-efficient Power ISA processors called PWRficient, based on the PA6T processor core. The PA6T was the first Power ISA core to be designed from scratch outside the AIM alliance (i.e. not by Apple, IBM, or Motorola/Freescale) in ten years. Texas Instruments was one of the investors in P.A. Semi and it was suggested that their fabrication plants would be used to manufacture the PWRficient processors.
PWRficient processors were shipping to select customers, and were set to be released for worldwide sale in Q4 2007.
There were rumors that P. A. Semi had a relationship with Apple that suggested Apple would be the premier user of the PWRficient processors. That relationship supposedly ended with the Mac transition to Intel processors when Apple switched from the PowerPC to Intel's Core processors for their entire line of computers.
Acquisition by Apple
On 23 April 2008, Apple announced that they had acquired P. A. Semi for $278 million. The acquisition came with P.A. |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphinite | In organic chemistry, phosphinites are organophosphorus compounds with the formula . They are used as ligands in homogeneous catalysis and coordination chemistry.
Preparation
Phosphinites are prepared by alcoholysis of organophosphinous chlorides. For example, treatment of chlorodiphenylphosphine with methanol and base gives methyl diphenylphosphinite:
ClPPh2 + CH3OH → CH3OPPh2 + HCl
Although they are esters of phosphinous acids (R2POH), phosphinites are not made via such intermediates.
Reactions
Oxidation of phosphinites gives phosphinates:
2 P(OR)R2 + O2 → 2 OP(OR)R2
Phosphinites are ligands, giving derivatives similar to metal phosphine complexes. They are stronger pi-acceptors than typical phosphine ligands.
References
See also
Phosphine - PR3
Phosphine oxide - OPR3
Phosphonite - P(OR)2R
Phosphite - P(OR)3
Phosphinate - OP(OR)R2
Phosphonate - OP(OR)2R
Phosphate - OP(OR)3
Functional groups |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphonite | In organic chemistry, phosphonites are organophosphorus compounds with the formula P(OR)2R. They are found in some pesticides and are used as ligands.
Preparation
Although they are derivatives of phosphonous acid (RP(OH)2), they are not prepared from such precursors. Phosphonites are prepared by alcoholysis of organophosphinous chlorides. For example, treatment of dichlorophenylphosphine with methanol and base gives dimethyl phenylphosphonite:
Cl2PPh + 2 CH3OH → (CH3O)2PPh + 2 HCl
Reactions
Oxidation of phosphonites gives phosphonates:
2 P(OR)2R + O2 → 2 OP(OR)2R
Phosphonites can function as ligands in homogeneous catalysis.
References
Functional groups
Organophosphonites |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Households%20Below%20Average%20Income | Households below average income is an annual publication on poverty statistics in the United Kingdom. The data is based on the Family Resources Survey.
Poverty is defined as having an equivalised household income below the 60% median line.
References
External links
HBAI
Family economics
Government publications
Household income
Measurements and definitions of poverty
Poverty in the United Kingdom
Publications with year of establishment missing |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necktie%20paradox | The necktie paradox is a puzzle and paradox with a subjective interpretation of probability theory describing a paradoxical bet advantageous to both involved parties. The two-envelope paradox is a variation of the necktie paradox.
Statement of paradox
Two persons, each given a necktie, start arguing over who has the cheaper one. The person with the more expensive necktie must give it to the other person.
The first person reasons as follows: winning and losing are equally likely. If I lose, then I will lose the value of my necktie. But if I win, then I will win more than the value of my necktie. Therefore, the wager is to my advantage. The second person can consider the wager in exactly the same way; thus, paradoxically, it seems both persons have the advantage in the bet.
Resolution
The paradox can be resolved by giving more careful consideration to what is lost in one scenario ("the value of my necktie") and what is won in the other ("more than the value of my necktie"). If one assumes for simplicity that the only possible necktie prices are $20 and $40, and that a person has equal chances of having a $20 or $40 necktie, then four outcomes (all equally likely) are possible:
The first person has a 50% chance of a neutral outcome, a 25% chance of gaining a necktie worth $40, and a 25% chance of losing a necktie worth $40. Turning to the losing and winning scenarios: if the person loses $40, then it is true that they have lost the value of their necktie; and if they gain |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edrecolomab | Edrecolomab (MAb17-1A, trade name Panorex) is a mouse-derived monoclonal antibody targeting the cell-surface glycoprotein EpCAM (17-1A), which is expressed on epithelial tissues and on various carcinomas.
Preliminary studies had shown promise of a possible use in patients with stage III colorectal carcinoma (with metastasis to the lymph nodes). No effect has been demonstrated for stage II (locally advanced cancer without spread to the lymph nodes) colon cancer.
Edrecolomab was well tolerated in these studies and as such research has now concentrated on whether it can be of any use in other forms of cancer.
References
Monoclonal antibodies for tumors
Experimental drugs |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borland%20Graphics%20Interface | The Borland Graphics Interface, also known as BGI, was a graphics library bundled with several Borland compilers for the DOS operating systems since 1987. BGI was also used to provide graphics for many other Borland products including the Quattro Pro spreadsheet.
The library loaded graphic drivers (*.BGI) and vector fonts (*.CHR) from disk in order to provide device independent graphics support. It was possible for the programmer to embed the graphic driver into the executable file by linking the graphic driver as object code with the aid of a utility provided by the compiler (bgiobj.exe). There were graphic drivers for common graphic adapters and printers of that time, such as CGA, EGA, VGA, Hercules, AT&T 400, MCGA and 3270 PC. There also were BGI drivers for some kinds of plotters.
The last Borland's C++ IDE for DOS is Borland C++ 3.1 (1992). The last C++ environment which supports BGI is Borland C++ 5.02 (1997), which works under Windows but can compile DOS programs. BGI was accessible in C/C++ with graphics.lib / graphics.h, and in Pascal via the graph unit.
BGI was less powerful than modern graphics libraries such as SDL or OpenGL, since it was designed for 2D presentation graphics instead of event-based 3D applications. However, it has been considered simpler to code. BGI and Turbo C++, although obsolete, are still widely used in education in India.
Third-party BGI drivers
Given the popularity of Borland compilers, a few independent software developers produced BGI |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KATP | KATP is also the ATP-sensitive potassium channel responsible for pancreatic beta-cell insulin release.
KATP (101.9 FM, "The Bull") is a radio station serving the Amarillo, Texas, metro area with a country music format. It is owned by Townsquare Media. Its studios are located on Southwest 34th Avenue in Southwest Amarillo, and its transmitter tower is based north of the city in unincorporated Potter County.
History
On March 27, 2017, KATP rebranded from "Blake FM" to "101.9 The Bull".
References
External links
101.9 The Bull
Country radio stations in the United States
ATP
Radio stations established in 1985
1985 establishments in Texas
Townsquare Media radio stations |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robb%2C%20Alberta | Robb is a hamlet in west-central Alberta, Canada within Yellowhead County that is recognized as a designated place by Statistics Canada. It is located on Highway 47, approximately southwest of Edson. It has an elevation of .
It was named after Peter (Baldy) Addison Robb (1887–1954), a freighter and prospector. Robb was born in Gamrie, Banffshire, Scotland on 24 November 1887 to master blacksmith George Robb, and his wife Jane Addison.
The hamlet is located in Census Division No. 14 and in the federal riding of Yellowhead.
Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Robb had a population of 144 living in 76 of its 125 total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of 170. With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2021.
As a designated place in the 2016 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Robb had a population of 170 living in 82 of its 111 total private dwellings, a change of from its 2011 population of 171. With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2016.
Climate
See also
List of communities in Alberta
List of designated places in Alberta
List of hamlets in Alberta
References
Designated places in Alberta
Hamlets in Alberta
Yellowhead County |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiener%20deconvolution | In mathematics, Wiener deconvolution is an application of the Wiener filter to the noise problems inherent in deconvolution. It works in the frequency domain, attempting to minimize the impact of deconvolved noise at frequencies which have a poor signal-to-noise ratio.
The Wiener deconvolution method has widespread use in image deconvolution applications, as the frequency spectrum of most visual images is fairly well behaved and may be estimated easily.
Wiener deconvolution is named after Norbert Wiener.
Definition
Given a system:
where denotes convolution and:
is some original signal (unknown) at time .
is the known impulse response of a linear time-invariant system
is some unknown additive noise, independent of
is our observed signal
Our goal is to find some so that we can estimate as follows:
where is an estimate of that minimizes the mean square error
,
with denoting the expectation.
The Wiener deconvolution filter provides such a . The filter is most easily described in the frequency domain:
where:
and are the Fourier transforms of and ,
is the mean power spectral density of the original signal ,
is the mean power spectral density of the noise ,
, , and are the Fourier transforms of , and , and , respectively,
the superscript denotes complex conjugation.
The filtering operation may either be carried out in the time-domain, as above, or in the frequency domain:
and then performing an inverse Fourier transform on to obtain .
Note t |
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