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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZIF | ZIF, ZiF or Zif may refer to:
Zero insertion force, a way to connect an electrical connector without applying force to the connector
Zero Intermediate Frequency, a radio demodulation technique
Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks, a class of metal-organic frameworks
Zif, Hebron, a Palestinian village in the West Bank Governorate of Hebron
Zif, Iran, a village in Kurdistan Province, Iran
ZiF, Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Bielefeld |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee%20Jang-kwan | Lee Jang-Kwan (born July 4, 1974) is a South Korean football manager and retired player. He currently manages Jeonnam Dragons of K League 2.
Club career statistics
References
External links
1974 births
Living people
Men's association football midfielders
South Korean men's footballers
Busan IPark players
Incheon United FC players
K League 1 players
Footballers from Seoul |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC12%20cell%20line | PC12 is a cell line derived from a pheochromocytoma of the rat adrenal medulla, that have an embryonic origin from the neural crest that has a mixture of neuroblastic cells and eosinophilic cells.
Background
This cell line was first cultured by Greene and Tischler in 1976. It was developed in parallel to the adrenal chromaffin cell model because of its extreme versatility for pharmacological manipulation, ease of culture, and the large amount of information on their proliferation and differentiation. These qualities provide advantage even though they have smaller vesicles and quantal size, holding only an average of 1.9x10−19 moles of neurotransmitter released. The vesicles hold catecholamines, mostly dopamine, but also limited amount of norepinephrine, and release of these neurotransmitters give rise to spikes due to changes in current similar to chromaffin cells.
PC12 cell line use has given much information to the function of proteins underlying vesicle fusion. This cell line has been used to understand the role of synaptotagmin in vesicle-cell membrane fusion.
Differentiation
Their embryological origin with neuroblastic cells means they can easily differentiate into neuron-like cells even though they are not considered adult neurons. Neuron-like means they share properties similar to neurons, in this case it is referring to releasing neurotransmitter by vesicles. PC12 cells stop dividing and terminally differentiate when treated with nerve growth factor or dexametha |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC12 | PC12 may refer to:
PC12 cell line
PC12 minicomputer
Pilatus PC-12, a civilian aircraft
BAP Río Chira (PC 12), a vessel of the Peruvian Coast Guard |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-body%20problem%20in%20general%20relativity | The two-body problem in general relativity (or relativistic two-body problem) is the determination of the motion and gravitational field of two bodies as described by the field equations of general relativity. Solving the Kepler problem is essential to calculate the bending of light by gravity and the motion of a planet orbiting its sun. Solutions are also used to describe the motion of binary stars around each other, and estimate their gradual loss of energy through gravitational radiation.
General relativity describes the gravitational field by curved space-time; the field equations governing this curvature are nonlinear and therefore difficult to solve in a closed form. No exact solutions of the Kepler problem have been found, but an approximate solution has: the Schwarzschild solution. This solution pertains when the mass M of one body is overwhelmingly greater than the mass m of the other. If so, the larger mass may be taken as stationary and the sole contributor to the gravitational field. This is a good approximation for a photon passing a star and for a planet orbiting its sun. The motion of the lighter body (called the "particle" below) can then be determined from the Schwarzschild solution; the motion is a geodesic ("shortest path between two points") in the curved space-time. Such geodesic solutions account for the anomalous precession of the planet Mercury, which is a key piece of evidence supporting the theory of general relativity. They also describe the bendi |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On%20the%20Equilibrium%20of%20Heterogeneous%20Substances | In the history of thermodynamics, On the Equilibrium of Heterogeneous Substances is a 300-page paper written by American chemical physicist Willard Gibbs. It is one of the founding papers in thermodynamics, along with German physicist Hermann von Helmholtz's 1882 paper "Thermodynamik chemischer Vorgänge." Together they form the foundation of chemical thermodynamics as well as a large part of physical chemistry.
Gibbs's Equilibrium marked the beginning of chemical thermodynamics by integrating chemical, physical, electrical, and electromagnetic phenomena into a coherent system. It introduced concepts such as chemical potential, phase rule, and others, which form the basis for modern physical chemistry. American writer Bill Bryson describes Gibbs's Equilibrium paper as "the Principia of thermodynamics".
On the Equilibrium of Heterogeneous Substances, was originally published in a relatively obscure American journal, the Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, in several parts, during the years 1875 to 1878 (although most cite "1876" as the key year). It remained largely unknown until translated into German by Wilhelm Ostwald and into French by Henry Louis Le Châtelier.
Overview
Gibbs first contributed to mathematical physics with two papers published in 1873 in the Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences on "Graphical Methods in the Thermodynamics of Fluids," and "Method of Geometrical Representation of the Thermodynamic Properties |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HDAC1 | Histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HDAC1 gene.
Function
Histone acetylation and deacetylation, catalyzed by multisubunit complexes, play a key role in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the histone deacetylase/acuc/apha family and is a component of the histone deacetylase complex. It also interacts with retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor protein and this complex is a key element in the control of cell proliferation and differentiation. Together with metastasis-associated protein-2 MTA2, it deacetylates p53 and modulates its effect on cell growth and apoptosis.
Model organisms
Model organisms have been used in the study of HDAC1 function. A conditional knockout mouse line, called Hdac1tm1a(EUCOMM)Wtsi was generated as part of the International Knockout Mouse Consortium program — a high-throughput mutagenesis project to generate and distribute animal models of disease to interested scientists — at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen to determine the effects of deletion. Twenty five tests were carried out and two phenotypes were reported. A reduced number of homozygous mutant embryos were identified during gestation, and none survived until weaning. The remaining tests were carried out on heterozygous mutant adult mice, and no significant abnormalities were observed in these animals.
Interactions
HDAC1 has been |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirkpatrick%E2%80%93Seidel%20algorithm | The Kirkpatrick–Seidel algorithm, proposed by its authors as a potential "ultimate planar convex hull algorithm", is an algorithm for computing the convex hull of a set of points in the plane, with time complexity, where is the number of input points and is the number of points (non dominated or maximal points, as called in some texts) in the hull. Thus, the algorithm is output-sensitive: its running time depends on both the input size and the output size. Another output-sensitive algorithm, the gift wrapping algorithm, was known much earlier, but the Kirkpatrick–Seidel algorithm has an asymptotic running time that is significantly smaller and that always improves on the bounds of non-output-sensitive algorithms. The Kirkpatrick–Seidel algorithm is named after its inventors, David G. Kirkpatrick and Raimund Seidel.
Although the algorithm is asymptotically optimal, it is not very practical for moderate-sized problems.
Algorithm
The basic idea of the algorithm is a kind of reversal of the divide-and-conquer algorithm for convex hulls of Preparata and Hong, dubbed "marriage-before-conquest" by the authors.
The traditional divide-and-conquer algorithm splits the input points into two equal parts, e.g., by a vertical line, recursively finds convex hulls for the left and right subsets of the input, and then merges the two hulls into one by finding the "bridge edges", bitangents that connect the two hulls from above and below.
The Kirkpatrick–Seidel algorithm splits the in |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthonairovirus | Orthonairovirus is a genus of viruses in the family Nairoviridae of the order Bunyavirales that include viruses with circular, negative-sense single stranded RNA. It got its name from the Nairobi sheep disease that affects the gastrointestinal tracts of sheep and goats. The vast majority, and perhaps all viruses in this genus are tick-borne viruses that can have human or other vertebrate hosts.
Structure
The virions for viruses in this genus have a spherical shape. They range in size from about 80–120 nm in diameter, with 50% of their weight attributed to proteins and 20–30% of their weight attributed to lipids. The ribonucleocapsid is filamentous, having a length of about 200-300 nm and a width of about 2–2.5 nm.
These nucleocapsids are surrounded by a single envelope that has projections made of glycoproteins protruding from its surface. These projections evenly cover the surface of the virion, and are about 5–10 nm long. They aid in attachment to the host receptor in replication.
Genome
Nairovirus genomes are negative sense, single-stranded RNA. The complete genome is about 17,100–22,800 nucleotides long, and is divided into three segments: large, medium, and small. The large segment is about 11000–14400 nucleotides long (11–14.4 kb), and it encodes the viral polymerase. The medium segment is about 4,400–6,300 nucleotides long (4.4–6.3 kb), and it encodes for glycoproteins G¬n and Gc. The small segment is about 1,700–2,100 nucleotides long (1.7–2.1 kb), and it |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bifolium | A bifolium is a quartic plane curve with equation in Cartesian coordinates:
Construction and equations
Given a circle C through a point O, and line L tangent to the circle at point O: for each point Q on C, define the point P such that PQ is parallel to the tangent line L, and PQ = OQ. The collection of points P forms the bifolium.
In polar coordinates, the bifolium's equation is
For a = 1, the total included area is approximately 0.10.
References
External links
Bifolium at MathWorld
Plane curves
Algebraic curves |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convex%20hull%20algorithms | Algorithms that construct convex hulls of various objects have a broad range of applications in mathematics and computer science.
In computational geometry, numerous algorithms are proposed for computing the convex hull of a finite set of points, with various computational complexities.
Computing the convex hull means that a non-ambiguous and efficient representation of the required convex shape is constructed. The complexity of the corresponding algorithms is usually estimated in terms of n, the number of input points, and sometimes also in terms of h, the number of points on the convex hull.
Planar case
Consider the general case when the input to the algorithm is a finite unordered set of points on a Cartesian plane. An important special case, in which the points are given in the order of traversal of a simple polygon's boundary, is described later in a separate subsection.
If not all points are on the same line, then their convex hull is a convex polygon whose vertices are some of the points in the input set. Its most common representation is the list of its vertices ordered along its boundary clockwise or counterclockwise. In some applications it is convenient to represent a convex polygon as an intersection of a set of half-planes.
Lower bound on computational complexity
For a finite set of points in the plane, the lower bound on the computational complexity of finding the convex hull represented as a convex polygon is easily shown to be the same as for sorting usi |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Marshmallow%20Times | is a manga and a seven cell manga by Lun Lun Yamamoto. They were first published from 2004 to 2006 in the magazines Asahi Shōgakusei Shimbun and Asahi Chūgakusei Weekly (Asahi Shimbun group), and subsequently adapted into anime series. The anime series, consisting of a total 52 episodes, was broadcast every Sunday from April 4, 2004 until March 27, 2005 on the TV Tokyo and TV Osaka in Japan.
The series focuses on 7 children and a sheep-like character who hang out together and work as a team. Each character is depicted with a varying hairstyle and flavor of fashion.
In creating the anime version, Korean Company (KOKO Enterprise, Seoul Movie) and has co-produced with SBS under the name of work in South Korea called "라즈베리 타임즈 (The Raspberry Times)", this version only aired for 25 episodes.
Plot
Sandy, a girl who lives in Marshmallow Town, whose pet is a sheep-like creature named Cloud, and 6 other children—Jasmine, Lime, Basil, Clove, Nuts and Cinnamon—become friends and form a journalism team and adventure their world together.
Characters
Main characters
A girl with orange braided hair who lives with her mother, father and twin brothers. Sandy is a tomboy who is extremely dedicated to her role as editor-in-chief of the Marshmallow Times. Although she can be smart and hard-working, she can also be quite stubborn and has a habit of taking her friends and family for granted, though she does care about them deep down, even if she's not the best at showing it.
A pink-haired g |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfram%20Burgard | Wolfram Burgard (born 1961 in Gelsenkirchen, Germany) is a German roboticist. He is a full professor at the University of Technology Nuremberg where he heads the Laboratory for Robotics and Artificial Intelligence. He is known for his substantial contributions to the simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) problem as well as diverse other contributions to robotics.
Biography
Education
Wolfram Burgard received his Diploma degree from University of Dortmund in 1987 and his Doctorate from the University of Bonn in 1991. His thesis advisor was Armin B. Cremers.
Career
In 1991 he became a research assistant at the University of Bonn, where he led the laboratory for Autonomous Mobile Systems. He was head of the research group that installed the mobile robot Rhino as the first interactive museum tour-guide robot in the Deutsches Museum Bonn, Germany in 1997. In 1998, he and his colleagues deployed the mobile robot Minerva in the National Museum of American History in Washington DC. In 1999, Wolfram Burgard became Professor for Autonomous Intelligent Systems at the Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg. In 2022, he became Professor for Robotics and Artificial Intelligence as well as Founding Chair of the Department Engineering of the University of Technology Nuremberg.
Research
Together with his colleagues, Wolfram Burgard developed numerous probabilistic approaches to mobile robot navigation. This includes Markov localization, a probabilistic approach to mobile localizatio |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Right%20to%20Rock | The Right to Rock is the second studio album by American glam metal band Keel. It was the first to be produced by Kiss's Gene Simmons under their new label Gold Mountain Records (which was distributed by A&M Records at the time). When the band started recording the album, drummer Bobby Marks left. He was replaced by different drummers: Fred Coury (who went on to join Cinderella), Barry Brandt (of Angel) and Steve Riley (who plays on the entire album but subsequently left to join the band W.A.S.P.). Dwain Miller eventually became the band's permanent drummer right before the album was released. The band had only written three songs when the label sent them to the studio, therefore Keel covered three Gene Simmons demos and re-recorded three songs from their debut album - "Tonight You're Mine" was renamed to "You're the Victim (I'm the Crime)" for this album.
Track listing
Side one
"The Right to Rock" (Ron Keel, Marc Ferrari, Kenny Chaisson) - 3:35
"Back to the City" (R. Keel, Chaisson) - 3:47
"Let's Spend the Night Together" (Mick Jagger, Keith Richards) - 3:41
"Easier Said than Done" (Gene Simmons, Mitch Weissman) - 3:25
"So Many Girls, So Little Time" (Simmons, Howard Rice) - 3:15
Side two
"Electric Love" (R. Keel, Chaisson) - 4:05
"Speed Demon" (R. Keel) - 3:39
"Get Down" (Simmons, Rice) - 5:02
"You're the Victim (I'm the Crime)" (R. Keel, Chaisson, Bobby Marks) - 2:59
The remastered version of the album features two bonus tracks - a remixed version of "Easier Sa |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galuut | Galuut () is a sum (district) of Bayankhongor Province in southern Mongolia. In 2006, its population was 4,012.
Climate
Galuut has a subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dwc) with mild summers and severely cold winters. The average minimum temperature in January is , and temperatures as low as have been recorded. Most precipitation falls in the summer as rain, with some snow in the adjacent months of May and September. Winters are very dry.
Famous people
Galuut Sum is the birthplace of Batzorig Vaanchig, a traditional Mongolian musician in the band Khusugtun, as well as a YouTuber
References
Populated places in Mongolia
Districts of Bayankhongor Province |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20photovoltaic%20power%20stations | The following is a list of photovoltaic power stations that are larger than 300 megawatts (MW) in current net capacity. Most are individual photovoltaic power stations, but some are groups of co-located plants owned by different independent power producers and with separate transformer connections to the grid. Wiki-Solar reports total global capacity of utility-scale photovoltaic plants to be some 96 GWAC which generated 1.3% of global power by the end of 2016.
The size of photovoltaic power stations has increased progressively over the last decade with frequent new capacity records. The 97 MW Sarnia Photovoltaic Power Plant went online in 2010. Huanghe Hydropower Golmud Solar Park reached 200 MW in 2012. In August 2012, Agua Caliente Solar Project in Arizona reached 247 MW only to be passed by three larger plants in 2013. In 2014, two plants were tied as largest: Topaz Solar Farm, a PV solar plant at 550 MWAC in central coast area and a second 550-MW plant, the Desert Sunlight Solar Farm located in the far eastern desert region of California.
These two plants were superseded by a new world's largest facility in June 2015 when the 579 MWAC Solar Star project went online in the Antelope Valley region of Los Angeles County, California.
Gonghe Talatan Solar Park (in Gonghe County, Qinghai, China) is the largest solar park in 2022 with a capacity of 8,430 MW. It is 609 km2 in area, which is close to the land area of Singapore.
As with other forms of power generation, there a |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional%20gene%20knockout | Conditional gene knockout is a technique used to eliminate a specific gene in a certain tissue, such as the liver. This technique is useful to study the role of individual genes in living organisms. It differs from traditional gene knockout because it targets specific genes at specific times rather than being deleted from beginning of life. Using the conditional gene knockout technique eliminates many of the side effects from traditional gene knockout. In traditional gene knockout, embryonic death from a gene mutation can occur, and this prevents scientists from studying the gene in adults. Some tissues cannot be studied properly in isolation, so the gene must be inactive in a certain tissue while remaining active in others. With this technology, scientists are able to knockout genes at a specific stage in development and study how the knockout of a gene in one tissue affects the same gene in other tissues.
Technique
The most commonly used technique is the Cre-lox recombination system. The Cre recombinase enzyme specifically recognizes two lox (loci of recombination) sites within DNA and causes recombination between them. During recombination two strands of DNA exchange information. This recombination will cause a deletion or inversion of the genes between the two lox sites, depending on their orientation. An entire gene can be removed to inactivate it. This whole system is inducible so a chemical can be added to knock genes out at a specific time. Two of the most commonly |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiosity%20%28radiometry%29 | In radiometry, radiosity is the radiant flux leaving (emitted, reflected and transmitted by) a surface per unit area, and spectral radiosity is the radiosity of a surface per unit frequency or wavelength, depending on whether the spectrum is taken as a function of frequency or of wavelength. The SI unit of radiosity is the watt per square metre (), while that of spectral radiosity in frequency is the watt per square metre per hertz (W·m−2·Hz−1) and that of spectral radiosity in wavelength is the watt per square metre per metre (W·m−3)—commonly the watt per square metre per nanometre (). The CGS unit erg per square centimeter per second () is often used in astronomy. Radiosity is often called in branches of physics other than radiometry, but in radiometry this usage leads to confusion with radiant intensity.
Mathematical definitions
Radiosity
Radiosity of a surface, denoted Je ("e" for "energetic", to avoid confusion with photometric quantities), is defined as
where
∂ is the partial derivative symbol
is the radiant flux leaving (emitted, reflected and transmitted)
is the area
is the emitted component of the radiosity of the surface, that is to say its exitance
is the reflected component of the radiosity of the surface
is the transmitted component of the radiosity of the surface
For an opaque surface, the transmitted component of radiosity Je,tr vanishes and only two components remain:
In heat transfer, combining these two factors into one radiosity term helps |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congress%20of%20Afrikan%20People | The Congress of Afrikan people (CAP) was a proponent of black nationalism. Active in the 1970s, CAP's ideology was set around Maoist theory and practice. Its activities illustrate fluidity and changing nature of black radicalism in this period. It later became the Revolutionary Communist League (Marxist-Leninist-Mao Tse-tung Thought), led by Amiri Baraka, which merged into the League of Revolutionary Struggle (Marxist-Leninist). When this group split, some of the members went into Freedom Road Socialist Organization.
References
External links
Congress of African Peoples
International organizations based in Africa |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genomic%20DNA | Genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (abbreviated as gDNA) is chromosomal DNA, in contrast to extra-chromosomal DNAs like plasmids. Most organisms have the same genomic DNA in every cell; however, only certain genes are active in each cell to allow for cell function and differentiation within the body.
The genome of an organism (encoded by the genomic DNA) is the (biological) information of heredity which is passed from one generation of organism to the next. That genome is transcribed to produce various RNAs, which are necessary for the function of the organism. Precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) is transcribed by RNA polymerase II in the nucleus. pre-mRNA is then processed by splicing to remove introns, leaving the exons in the mature messenger RNA (mRNA). Additional processing includes the addition of a 5' cap and a poly(A) tail to the pre-mRNA. The mature mRNA may then be transported to the cytosol and translated by the ribosome into a protein. Other types of RNA include ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA). These types are transcribed by RNA polymerase I and RNA polymerase III, respectively, and are essential for protein synthesis. However 5s rRNA is the only rRNA which is transcribed by RNA Polymerase III.
References
DNA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adherence | Adherence, Adherer, and derivative terms may refer to:
Healthcare
Adherence (medicine), the obedience of the patient to the medical advice
Adhesion (medicine), abnormal bands of tissue that grow in the human body
Other uses
Adherent point, mathematical notion, also known as closure point, point of closure or contact point
Adhesion, the tendency of dissimilar particles or surfaces to cling to one another
Religious adherence, when people follow a particular religion |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical%20fluid | Classical fluids are systems of particles which retain a definite volume, and are at sufficiently high temperatures (compared to their Fermi energy) that quantum effects can be neglected. A system of hard spheres, interacting only by hard collisions (e.g., billiards, marbles), is a model classical fluid. Such a system is well described by the Percus–Yevik equation. Common liquids, e.g., liquid air, gasoline etc., are essentially mixtures of classical fluids. Electrolytes, molten salts, salts dissolved in water, are classical charged fluids. A classical fluid when cooled undergoes a freezing transition. On heating it undergoes an evaporation transition and becomes a classical gas that obeys Boltzmann statistics.
A system of charged classical particles moving in a uniform positive neutralizing background is known as a one-component plasma (OCP). This is well described by the Hyper-netted chain equation (see CHNC).
An essentially very accurate way of determining the properties of classical fluids is provided by the method of molecular dynamics.
An electron gas confined in a metal is not a classical fluid, whereas a very high-temperature plasma of electrons could behave as a classical fluid. Such non-classical Fermi systems, i.e., quantum fluids, can be studied using quantum Monte Carlo methods, Feynman path integral equation methods, and approximately via CHNC integral-equation methods.
See also
Bose–Einstein condensate
Fermi liquid
Many-body theory
Quantum fluid
Reference |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appell%27s%20equation%20of%20motion | In classical mechanics, Appell's equation of motion (aka the Gibbs–Appell equation of motion) is an alternative general formulation of classical mechanics described by Josiah Willard Gibbs in 1879 and Paul Émile Appell in 1900.
Statement
The Gibbs-Appell equation reads
where is an arbitrary generalized acceleration, or the second time derivative of the generalized coordinates , and is its corresponding generalized force. The generalized force gives the work done
where the index runs over the generalized coordinates , which usually correspond to the degrees of freedom of the system. The function is defined as the mass-weighted sum of the particle accelerations squared,
where the index runs over the particles, and
is the acceleration of the -th particle, the second time derivative of its position vector . Each is expressed in terms of generalized coordinates, and is expressed in terms of the generalized accelerations.
Relations to other formulations of classical mechanics
Appell's formulation does not introduce any new physics to classical mechanics and as such is equivalent to other reformulations of classical mechanics, such as Lagrangian mechanics, and Hamiltonian mechanics. All classical mechanics is contained within Newton's laws of motion. In some cases, Appell's equation of motion may be more convenient than the commonly used Lagrangian mechanics, particularly when nonholonomic constraints are involved. In fact, Appell's equation leads directly to Lagr |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Log-Laplace%20distribution | In probability theory and statistics, the log-Laplace distribution is the probability distribution of a random variable whose logarithm has a Laplace distribution. If X has a Laplace distribution with parameters μ and b, then Y = eX has a log-Laplace distribution. The distributional properties can be derived from the Laplace distribution.
Characterization
A random variable has a log-Laplace(μ, b) distribution if its probability density function is:
The cumulative distribution function for Y when y > 0, is
Generalization
Versions of the log-Laplace distribution based on an asymmetric Laplace distribution also exist. Depending on the parameters, including asymmetry, the log-Laplace may or may not have a finite mean and a finite variance.
References
External links
Continuous distributions
Probability distributions with non-finite variance
Non-Newtonian calculus |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilbert%27s%20theorem%20%28differential%20geometry%29 | In differential geometry, Hilbert's theorem (1901) states that there exists no complete regular surface of constant negative gaussian curvature immersed in . This theorem answers the question for the negative case of which surfaces in can be obtained by isometrically immersing complete manifolds with constant curvature.
History
Hilbert's theorem was first treated by David Hilbert in "Über Flächen von konstanter Krümmung" (Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 2 (1901), 87–99).
A different proof was given shortly after by E. Holmgren in "Sur les surfaces à courbure constante négative" (1902).
A far-leading generalization was obtained by Nikolai Efimov in 1975.
Proof
The proof of Hilbert's theorem is elaborate and requires several lemmas. The idea is to show the nonexistence of an isometric immersion
of a plane to the real space . This proof is basically the same as in Hilbert's paper, although based in the books of Do Carmo and Spivak.
Observations: In order to have a more manageable treatment, but without loss of generality, the curvature may be considered equal to minus one, . There is no loss of generality, since it is being dealt with constant curvatures, and similarities of multiply by a constant. The exponential map is a local diffeomorphism (in fact a covering map, by Cartan-Hadamard theorem), therefore, it induces an inner product in the tangent space of at : . Furthermore, denotes the geometric surface with this inner product. If is an isometric immersion, the |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACRV | The acronym ACRV may refer to:
Crew Return Vehicle (or Assured Crew Return Vehicle)
Armoured command and reconnaissance vehicle, the NATO name for artillery fire-control derivatives of the Soviet MT-LBu
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathies of the right ventricle ( also known as Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia)
The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Robotic Vision, an Australian robotics research group with nodes at Queensland University of Technology, The University of Adelaide, Monash University, and the Australian National University |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All%20Yours%20%28Crystal%20Kay%20album%29 | All Yours is the seventh studio album by the Japanese singer Crystal Kay, released by Epic Records Japan, on June 20, 2007.
First editions included a DVD section, with the three music videos from the album's singles, as well as "Konna ni Chikaku de..." performed live for a special Nodame orchestra concert at the Tokyo International Forum on February 28, 2007. All Yours was re-released as a "Winter Special Package" in November 2007 with a new cover.
It is her only number-one album and has been certified gold by the RIAJ for shipments of over 100,000 copies in Japan.
Track listing
Charts
Certifications
Release history
References
2007 albums
Crystal Kay albums
Epic Records albums |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilirubin%20diglucuronide | Bilirubin di-glucuronide is a conjugated form of bilirubin formed in bilirubin metabolism. The hydrophilic character of bilirubin diglucuronide enables it to be water-soluble. It is pumped across the hepatic canalicular membrane into the bile by the transporter MRP2.
See also
Bilirubin mono-glucuronide
References
Metabolism |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mostafa%20Ronaghi | Mostafa Ronaghi (; born 1968) is an Iranian molecular biologist, specializing in DNA sequencing methodology. He earned his Ph.D. from the Royal Institute of Technology in Sweden in 1998.
, he is the Chief Technology Officer and Senior Vice President at Illumina. Prior to this position, he was a principal investigator and Senior Research Associate at the Stanford Genome Technology Center at Stanford University, focusing on developing analytical techniques for molecular diagnostics.
He is principal investigator for several grants including grants from the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), part of the National Institutes of Health for the development of array-based Pyrosequencing.
In 1998, he described together with Pål Nyren and Mathias Uhlen a solution-based variant of the pyrosequencing technology and co-founded Pyrosequencing AB (renamed to Biotage in 2003). He co-invented Molecular Inversion Probe assay and co-founded ParAllele BioScience to develop this multiplexed technology for genetic testing. ParAllele was acquired by Affymetrix in May 2005.
In 2005, he co-founded NextBio, a search engine for life science data that was acquired by Illumina in 2013. He also serves on the board of directors of IntegenX and Aurora Biofuels. In 2008, Ronaghi and Helmy Eltoukhy co-founded Avantome, a DNA sequencing company that was acquired by Illumina in July 2008.
Publications
Among his approximately 50 peer-reviewed journal articles are the publications describing Pyr |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khutag-%C3%96nd%C3%B6r | Khutag-Öndör () is a sum (district) of Bulgan Province in northern Mongolia. In 2009, its population was 4,591.
Climate
Khutag-Öndör has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dwb) with warm summers and severely cold winters. Most precipitation falls in the summer as rain, with some snow in the adjacent months of May and September. Winters are very dry.
References
External links
Districts of Bulgan Province |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spruce%20View | Spruce View is a hamlet in central Alberta, Canada within Red Deer County. It is located on Highway 54, approximately west of Innisfail. Spruce View is also recognized by Statistics Canada as a designated place.
Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Spruce View had a population of 138 living in 64 of its 73 total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of 175. With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2021.
As a designated place in the 2016 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Spruce View had a population of 175 living in 73 of its 84 total private dwellings, a change of from its 2011 population of 163. With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2016.
See also
List of communities in Alberta
List of designated places in Alberta
List of hamlets in Alberta
References
Designated places in Alberta
Hamlets in Alberta
Red Deer County |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dermanyssus%20gallinae | Dermanyssus gallinae (also known as the red mite) is a haematophagous ectoparasite of poultry. It has been implicated as a vector of several major pathogenic diseases. Despite its common names, it has a wide range of hosts including several species of wild birds and mammals, including humans. In both size and appearance, it resembles the northern fowl mite, Ornithonyssus sylviarum.
Description
Dermanyssus gallinae is an obligate blood feeder that will normally attack its host at night, but will occasionally feed during the day. Adults are long, with long legs and usually a grayish-white body, which becomes reddish-brown when engorged. After feeding, they hide in cracks and crevices away from light sources, where they mate and lay eggs. Mites progress through five life stages: egg, larva, protonymph, deutonymph and adult. Under favourable conditions this life cycle can be completed within seven days, so populations can grow rapidly, causing anaemia in badly affected flocks of poultry. Young birds are most susceptible. The mites can also affect the health of the birds indirectly, as they may serve as vectors for diseases such as Salmonellosis, avian spirochaetosis and Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. D. gallinae can survive for up to 10 months in an empty hen house. Temperatures greater than and less than , have been found to be lethal.
Infestation in hens
Signs and symptoms
The mites normally feed around the breast and legs of hens, causing pain, irritation, and a decrease |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakanae | or bakanae disease (, , ), from the Japanese for "foolish seedling", is a disease that infects rice plants. It is caused by the fungus Gibberella fujikuroi, the metabolism of which produces a surplus of gibberellic acid. In the plant, this acts as a growth hormone, causing hypertrophy. The affected plants, which are visibly etiolated (long and weak stems), chlorotic (lacking chlorophyll), and which are at best infertile with empty panicles, producing no edible grains; at worst, they are incapable of supporting their own weight, topple over, and die (hence "foolish seedling disease").
The earliest known report of bakanae is from 1828; it was first described scientifically in 1898 by Japanese researcher Shotaro Hori, who showed that the causative agent was fungal.
The fungus affects rice crops in Asia, Africa, and North America. In epidemic cases yield losses may reach up to 20% or more. A 2003 publication from the International Rice Research Institute estimated that outbreaks of bakanae caused crop losses that were 20% to 50% in Japan, 15% in Thailand and 3.7% in India.
References
External links
The "Bakanae" Disease
Rice diseases |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longley%E2%80%93Rice%20model | The Longley–Rice model (LR) is a radio propagation model: a method for predicting the attenuation of radio signals for a telecommunication link in the frequency range of 40 MHz to 100 GHz.
Longley-Rice is also known as the irregular terrain model (ITM). It was created by scientists Anita Longley and Phil Rice of the Institute for Telecommunication Sciences (then part of the Environmental Science Services Administration) in Boulder, Colorado for the needs of frequency planning in television broadcasting in the United States in the 1960s. The model was extensively used for preparing the tables of channel allocations for VHF/UHF broadcasting there. LR has two parts: a model for predictions over an area and a model for point-to-point link predictions.
Publications
A description of the method was published by the U.S. government under the title "Prediction of Tropospheric Radio Transmission Loss Over Irregular Terrain: A Computer Method - 1968", A. G. Longley and P. L. Rice, NTIA Tech. Rep. ERL 79-ITS 67, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, July 1968. This document followed on an earlier publication titled "Transmission loss predictions for tropospheric communication circuits", P.L. Rice, Volume I & II, National Bureau of Standards, Tech. Note 101.
The Longley–Rice model was proposed for frequencies between 20 MHz and 20 GHz for different scenarios and different heights of transmitting and receiving antennas. The model presents a generalization of the received si |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acevedo%20Municipality%2C%20Miranda | Acevedo is one of the 21 municipalities (municipios) that makes up the Venezuelan state of Miranda and, according to a 2007 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, the municipality has a population of 88,289. The town of Caucagua is the municipal seat of the Acevedo Municipality.
Demographics
The Acevedo Municipality, according to a 2007 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, has a population of 88,289 (up from 75,868 in 2000). This amounts to 3.1% of the state's population. The municipality's population density is .
Government
The mayor of the Acevedo Municipality is Juan José Aponte Mijares, elected on October 31, 2004, with 47% of the vote. He replaced Vicente Apicella shortly after the elections. The municipality is divided into eight parishes; Caucagua, Aragüita, Arévalo González, Capaya, El Café, Marizapa, Panaquire, and Ribas.
References
Municipalities of Miranda (state) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bri%C3%B3n%20Municipality%2C%20Miranda | Brion is one of the 21 municipalities (municipios) that makes up the Venezuelan state of Miranda and, according to a 2007 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, the municipality has a population of 56,699. The town of Higuerote is the municipal seat of the Brion Municipality.
Demographics
The Brion Municipality, according to a 2007 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, has a population of 56,699 (up from 48,976 in 2000). This amounts to 2% of the state's population. The municipality's population density is 171.8 people per square mile (106.78/km2).
Government
The mayor of the municipality is Liliana Coromoto Gonzalez Guachi chosen on November 23, 2008, triumphing with 48% of the votes and his her opponent Raimundo Teran with 40% and volume posecion on December 1, 2008, defeating Raúl Ceballos.
Mayors of the municipality and political organizations which have governed (1989 onwards)
Manuel González: (1989-1992) COPEI (Committee of Political Electoral Independent Organization)
Domingo Palacios: (1992-2000) (Independent)
Ramón Ramos: (2000-2004) COPEI-Electors of Miranda
Raúl Ceballos: (2004-2008) PPT (Motherland For All)-PSUV (United Socialist Party of Venezuela)
Liliana González: (2008) PSUV (United Socialist party of Venezuela)
References
Municipalities of Miranda (state) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrizal%20Municipality | Carrizal is one of the 21 municipalities (municipios) that makes up the Venezuelan state of Miranda and, according to a 2007 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, the municipality has a population of 52,224. The town of Carrizal is the municipal seat of the Carrizal Municipality.
Demographics
The Carrizal Municipality, according to a 2007 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, has a population of 52,224 (up from 44,431 in 2000). This amounts to 1.8% of the state's population. The municipality's population density is .
Government
Since 2017, the mayor of the city is Farith Fraija, after winning the municipal elections widely against José Luis Rodríguez, who ruled the municipality after replacing Orlando Urdaneta in 2002, shortly after a special election.
References
Municipalities of Miranda (state) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buroz%20Municipality | Buroz is one of the 21 municipalities (municipios) that makes up the Venezuelan state of Miranda and, according to a 2007 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, the municipality has a population of 25,755. The town of Mamporal is the municipal seat of the Buroz Municipality.
Demographics
The Buroz Municipality, according to a 2007 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, has a population of 25,755 (up from 21,624 in 2000). This amounts to 0.9% of the state's population. The municipality's population density is .
Government
The mayor of the Buroz Municipality is Ramón Gómez Serrano, re-elected on October 31, 2004, with 68% of the vote. The municipality is divided into one parish (Mamporal).
References
External links
buroz-miranda.gob.ve]
Municipalities of Miranda (state) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s%20Bello%20Municipality%2C%20Miranda | Andrés Bello is one of the 21 municipalities (municipios) that makes up the Venezuelan state of Miranda and, according to a 2007 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, the municipality has a population of 25,208. The town of San José de Barlovento is the shire town of the Andrés Bello Municipality. The municipality is one of a number in Venezuela named "Andrés Bello Municipality", in honour of the writer Andrés Bello.
Demographics
The Andrés Bello Municipality, according to a 2007 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, has a population of 25,208 (up from 21,725 in 2000). This amounts to 0.9% of the state's population. The municipality's population density is .
Government
The mayor of the Andrés Bello Municipality is Albaro Ramón Hidalgo Rudas, elected on October 31, 2004, with 50% of the vote. He replaced Ramon Lobo shortly after the elections. The municipality is divided into two parishes; San José de Barlovento and Cumbo.
References
Municipalities of Miranda (state) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crist%C3%B3bal%20Rojas%20Municipality | Cristóbal Rojas is one of the 21 municipalities (municipios) that makes up the Venezuelan state of Miranda and, according to a 2007 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, the municipality has a population of 96,369. The town of Charallave is the municipal seat of the Cristóbal Rojas Municipality. The municipality is named for Venezuelan painter Cristóbal Rojas.
Demographics
The Cristóbal Rojas Municipality, according to a 2007 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, has a population of 96,369 (up from 83,568 in 2000). This amounts to 3.4% of the state's population. The municipality's population density is .
Government
The mayor of the Cristóbal Rojas Municipality is Marisela Mendoza de Brito, re-elected on October 31, 2004, with 49% of the vote. The municipality is divided into two parishes; Charallave and Las Brisas.
References
Municipalities of Miranda (state) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guaicaipuro%20Municipality | Guaicaipuro is one of the 21 municipalities (municipios) that makes up the Venezuelan state of Miranda and, according to a 2007 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, the municipality has a population of 280,687. The town of Los Teques is the municipal seat of the Guaicaipuro Municipality. The municipality is named for the sixteenth century cacique Guaicaipuro.
History
The city of Los Teques was founded in 1777 and was named after the Aractoeques Carabs, an indigenous tribe that once inhabited the area. On February 13, 1927, the capital of Miranda was moved to this city from Petare (before being in Petare, the capital of Miranda was in Ocumare del Tuy).
Geography
Temperature: Varies from 18 and 26 degrees Celsius.
Demographics
The Guaicaipuro Municipality, according to a 2007 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, has a population of 280,687 (up from 240,731 in 2000). This amounts to 9.8% of the state's population. The municipality's population density is .
Government
The mayor of the Guaicaipuro Municipality is Francisco Garcés, elected on December 8, 2013, with 52% of the vote. The municipality is divided into seven parishes; Los Teques, Altagracia de La Montaña, Cecilio Acosta, El Jarillo, Paracotos, San Pedro, and Tácata.
Transportation
On November 3, 2006, President Hugo Chávez inaugurated the Los Teques Metro. This metro system is connected to the Caracas Metro.
References
Municipalities o |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independencia%20Municipality%2C%20Miranda | Independencia is one of the 21 municipalities (municipios) that makes up the Venezuelan state of Miranda and, according to a 2007 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, the municipality has a population of 160,899. The town of Santa Teresa del Tuy is the municipal seat of the Independencia Municipality.
Demographics
The Independencia Municipality, according to a 2007 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, has a population of 160,899 (up from 137,469 in 2000). This amounts to 5.6% of the state's population. The municipality's population density is .
Government
The mayor of the Independencia Municipality is Wilmer Salazar, re-elected on October 31, 2004, with 50% of the vote. The municipality is divided into two parishes; Santa Teresa del Tuy and El Cartanal.
References
Municipalities of Miranda (state) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lander%20Municipality | Lander is one of the 21 municipalities (municipios) that makes up the Venezuelan state of Miranda and, according to a 2007 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, the municipality has a population of 135,739. The town of Ocumare del Tuy is the municipal seat of the Lander Municipality.
Demographics
The Lander Municipality, according to a 2007 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, has a population of 135,739 (up from 117,819 in 2000). This amounts to 4.7% of the state's population. The municipality's population density is .
Government
The mayor of the Lander Municipality is José Gregorio Arvelo, elected on October 31, 2004, with 53% of the vote. He replaced Manuel Garcia shortly after the elections. The municipality is divided into three parishes; Ocumare del Tuy, La Democracia, and Santa Bárbara.
References
Municipalities of Miranda (state) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A1ez%20Municipality%2C%20Miranda | Páez is one of the 21 municipalities (municipios) that makes up the Venezuelan state of Miranda and, according to a 2007 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, the municipality has a population of 39,097. The town of Río Chico is the municipal seat of the Páez Municipality.
Name
The municipality is one of several in Venezuela named "Páez Municipality" for independence hero José Antonio Páez.
Demographics
The Páez Municipality, according to a 2007 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, has a population of 39,097 (up from 33,259 in 2000). This amounts to 1.4% of the state's population. The municipality's population density is .
Government
The mayor of the Páez Municipality is Emilio Ruiz, re-elected on October 31, 2004, with 39% of the vote. The municipality is divided into five parishes; Río Chico, El Guapo, Tacarigua de La Laguna, Paparo, and San Fernando del Guapo.
References
External links
paez-miranda.gob.ve
Municipalities of Miranda (state) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedro%20Gual%20Municipality | Pedro Gual is one of the 21 municipalities (municipios) that makes up the Venezuelan state of Miranda and, according to a 2007 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, the municipality has a population of 22,579. The town of Cúpira is the municipal seat of the Pedro Gual Municipality. The municipality is named for 19th century Venezuelan President Pedro Gual Escandón.
Demographics
The Pedro Gual Municipality, according to a 2007 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, has a population of 22,579 (up from 19,379 in 2000). This amounts to 0.8% of the state's population. The municipality's population density is .
Government
The mayor of the Pedro Gual Municipality is Manuel Alvarez, elected on October 31, 2004, with 47% of the vote. He replaced Lenis Landaeta shortly after the elections. The municipality is divided into two parishes; Cúpira and Machurucuto.
References
External links
pedrogual-miranda.gob.ve
Municipalities of Miranda (state) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plaza%20Municipality | Plaza is one of the 21 municipalities (municipios) that makes up the Venezuelan state of Miranda and, according to a 2016 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, the municipality has a population of 238,750. The city of Guarenas is the administrative centre of the Plaza Municipality.
History
The city of Guarenas was established in 1621 as Nuestra Señora de Copacabana de los Guarenas. On February 27, 1989, a morning protest in this city over the recent nationwide hike in bus fares, spread to Caracas, the capital of Venezuela, which resulted in several days of rioting known today as the Caracazo. Today, Guarenas has virtually merged with its neighbor, Guatire.
The Curupao Power Plant, which was inaugurated in 1933, still provides electricity to Guarenas and Guatire.
Demographics
The Plaza Municipality, according to a 2016 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, has a population of 238,750 (up from 203,590 in 2000). This amounts to 8.3% of the state's population. The municipality's population density is .
Government
The mayor of the Plaza Municipality is Willian Eduardo Páez Sosa, re-elected on October 31, 2004, with 41% of the vote. The municipality is divided into one parish (Guarenas).
References
Municipalities of Miranda (state) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenEpi | OpenEpi is a free, web-based, open source, operating system-independent series of programs for use in epidemiology, biostatistics, public health, and medicine, providing a number of epidemiologic and statistical tools for summary data. OpenEpi was developed in JavaScript and HTML, and can be run in modern web browsers. The program can be run from the OpenEpi website or downloaded and run without a web connection. The source code and documentation is downloadable and freely available for use by other investigators. OpenEpi has been reviewed, both by media organizations and in research journals.
The OpenEpi developers have had extensive experience in the development and testing of Epi Info, a program developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and widely used around the world for data entry and analysis. OpenEpi was developed to perform analyses found in the DOS version of Epi Info modules StatCalc and EpiTable, to improve upon the types of analyses provided by these modules, and to provide a number of tools and calculations not currently available in Epi Info. It is the first step toward an entirely web-based set of epidemiologic software tools. OpenEpi can be thought of as an important companion to Epi Info and to other programs such as SAS, PSPP, SPSS, Stata, SYSTAT, Minitab, Epidata, and R (see the R programming language). Another functionally similar Windows-based program is Winpepi. See also list of statistical packages and comparison of statisti |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tin%28IV%29%20iodide | Tin(IV) iodide, also known as stannic iodide, is the chemical compound with the formula SnI4. This tetrahedral molecule crystallizes as a bright orange solid that dissolves readily in nonpolar solvents such as benzene.
Preparation
The compound is usually prepared by the reaction of iodine and tin:
Chemical properties
The compound hydrolyses in water. In aqueous hydroiodic acid, it reacts to form a rare example of a hexaiodometallate:
SnI4 + 2 I− → [SnI6]2−
Physical properties
Tin(IV) iodide is an orange solid under standard conditions. It has a cubic crystal structure with the space group Pa (space group no. 205), the lattice parameter a = 1226 pm and eight formula units per unit cell. This corresponds approximately to a cubic close packing of iodine atoms in which 1/8 of all tetrahedral gaps are occupied by tin atoms. This leads to discrete tetrahedral SnI4 molecules.
See also
Tin(II) iodide
Tin(IV) chloride
References
Tin(IV) compounds
Iodides
Metal halides |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pistonless%20pump | A pistonless pump is a type of pump designed to move fluids without any moving parts other than three chamber valves.
The pump contains a chamber which has a valved inlet from the fluid to be pumped, a valved outlet – both of these at the bottom of the pump, and a pressurant inlet at the top of the pump. A pressurant is used, such as steam or pressurized helium, to drive the fluid through the pump.
Introduction
NASA have developed a low-cost rocket-fuel pump which has comparable performance to a turbopump at 80–90% lower cost. Perhaps the most difficult barrier to entry in the liquid rocket business is the turbopump. A turbopump design requires a large engineering effort and is expensive to manufacture and test. Starting a turbopump-fed rocket engine is a complex process, requiring a careful synchronisation of many valves and subsystems. In fact, Beal aerospace tried to avoid the issue entirely by building a huge pressure feed booster. Their booster never flew, but the engineering behind it was sound and, if they had a low cost pump at their disposal, they might be competing against Boeing. This pump saves up to 90% of the mass of the tanks as compared to a pressure-fed system. This pump has really proved to be a boon for rockets. By using this pump, the rocket does not have to carry such a heavy load and can travel with very high speed.
Working cycle
The cycle is as follows:
The fluid enters and fills the chamber from the inlet valve. The outlet and pressurant valves a |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel%20Redondo | Manuel Redondo García (born 11 January 1985 in Seville, Andalusia) is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a left-back.
Career statistics
Honours
Sevilla B
Segunda División B: 2006–07
Sevilla
Copa del Rey: 2009–10
Oviedo
Segunda División B: 2014–15
References
External links
1985 births
Living people
Spanish men's footballers
Footballers from Seville
Men's association football defenders
Segunda División players
Segunda División B players
Tercera División players
Sevilla FC C players
Sevilla Atlético players
Sevilla FC players
SD Ponferradina players
CE Sabadell FC footballers
Xerez CD footballers
Real Oviedo players
Coria CF players
Manuel Redondo
Cypriot First Division players
Doxa Katokopias FC players
Spanish expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Thailand
Expatriate men's footballers in Cyprus
Spanish expatriate sportspeople in Thailand
Spanish expatriate sportspeople in Cyprus |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular%20drive | Molecular drive is a term coined by Gabriel Dover in 1982 to describe evolutionary processes that change the genetic composition of a population through DNA turnover mechanisms. Molecular drive operates independently of natural selection and genetic drift.
The best-known such process is the concerted evolution of genes present in many tandem copies, such as those for ribosomal RNAs or silk moth egg shell chorion proteins, in sexually reproducing species. The concept has been proposed to extend to the diversification of multigene families. The mechanisms involved include gene conversion, unequal crossing-over, transposition, slippage replication and RNA-mediated exchanges. Because mutations changing the sequence of one copy are less common than deletions, duplications and replacement of one copy by another, the copies gradually come to resemble each other much more than they would if they had been evolving independently.
Concerted evolution can be unbiased, in which case every version has an equal probability of being the one that replaces the others. However, if the molecular events have any bias favouring one version of the sequence over others, that version will dominate the process and eventually replace the others. The name 'molecular drive' reflects the similarity of the process with what was originally the better-known process of meiotic drive.
Molecular drive can also act in bacteria, where parasexual processes such as natural transformation cause DNA turnover.
T |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monilinia%20fructigena | Monilinia fructigena is a plant pathogen in the fungus kingdom causing a fruit rot of apples, pears, plums, peaches and cherries.
Classification
Three Monilinia species cause brown rot of fruit (Monilinia laxa, Monilinia fructicola, Monilinia fructigena); Monilinia fructigena is found most commonly to cause brown rot in fruits of the Pome family and Rosaceae family. The genus Monilinia could be viewed as divided into two sections, Disjunctoriae and Junctoriae; M. fructigena belongs to Junctoriae. These ‘sections’ are the resulting attempt to further differentiate Monilinia into two separate classifications based on morphology, the specialization of the pathogens’ hosts, and the biological process of infection. Belonging to the section Junctoriae entails possessing no disjunctor cells in between the mature spores contained in the conidial chains. Differentiation in the laboratory of the three main Monilinia species can be quite difficult. In a report by De Cal and Melgarejo, it was demonstrated that the species can be differentiated through altering the light exposure to a long-wave UV light and dark cycle. Monilinia fructigena and Monilinia fructicola can be recognized from Monilinia laxa in this experiment, as M. laxa possesses a noticeably short distance from the conidia to the first germ tube branch. Furthermore, M. fructigena and M. fructicola can be individually distinguishable through measuring the maximum diametric growth rate of the culture. The maximum growth rate |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphotoxin%20beta%20receptor | Lymphotoxin beta receptor (LTBR), also known as tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 3 (TNFRSF3), is a cell surface receptor for lymphotoxin involved in apoptosis and cytokine release. It is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily.
Function
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family of receptors. It is expressed on the surface of most cell types, including cells of epithelial and myeloid lineages, but not on T and B lymphocytes. The protein specifically binds the lymphotoxin membrane form (a complex of lymphotoxin-alpha and lymphotoxin-beta). The encoded protein and its ligand play a role in the development and organization of lymphoid tissue and transformed cells. Activation of the encoded protein can trigger apoptosis.
Not only does the LTBR help trigger apoptosis, it can lead to the release of the cytokine interleukin 8. Overexpression of LTBR in HEK293 cells increases IL-8 promoter activity and leads to IL-8 release. LTBR is also essential for development and organization of the secondary lymphoid organs and chemokine release.
Structure
The Ramachandran plots show that 64.6% of all residues were in a favored region.
This structure was found using X-ray diffraction. The resolution is 3.50 angstroms.
The alpha and beta angles are 90 degrees while the gamma angle is 120 degrees.
Interactions
Lymphotoxin beta receptor has been shown to interact with Diablo homolog and TRAF3.
References
Furth |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antidisestablishmetabolism | Antidisestablishmetabolism is the first album released by the hip hop group Heiruspecs. It was released in 2000 under Interlock records. Some tracks were recorded live. The album's title is a play on the word "antidisestablishmentarianism".
Track listing
Kung fu
State of the Union
If you like this
I Write raps
Pauses
Life as a Superhero
Progressional skill
Have you ever Wondered?
Bon Apetit Headcheck
Hey yo
Felix and Twinkie Jiggles
Relax
Band Intros
Still Rappin'
Stardust
Connect
All that Scratchin
Live band
Gettin' Faster
Song #3
Craig the white Nubian
References
2000 debut albums
Heiruspecs albums |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter%20McCullagh | Peter McCullagh (born 8 January 1952) is a Northern Irish-born American statistician and John D. MacArthur Distinguished Service Professor in the Department of Statistics at the University of Chicago.
Education
McCullagh is from Plumbridge, Northern Ireland. He attended the University of Birmingham and completed his PhD at Imperial College London, supervised by David Cox and Anthony Atkinson.
Research
McCullagh is the coauthor with John Nelder of Generalized Linear Models (1983, Chapman and Hall – second edition 1989), a seminal text on the subject of generalized linear models (GLMs) with more than 23,000 citations. He also wrote "Tensor Methods in Statistics", published originally in 1987.
Awards and honours
McCullagh is a Fellow of the Royal Society and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He won the COPSS Presidents' Award in 1990. He was the recipient of the Royal Statistical Society's Guy Medal in Bronze in 1983 and in Silver in 2005.
He was also the recipient of the inaugural Karl Pearson Prize of the International Statistical Institute, with John Nelder, "for their monograph Generalized Linear Models (1983)". He won a Notable Alumni Award in 2007 from his grammar school, St Columb's College.
References
Fellows of the Royal Society
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Irish statisticians
People from County Tyrone
Alumni of the University of Birmingham
University of Chicago faculty
Fellows of the American Statistical Association
Living peopl |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flavin-containing%20monooxygenase%203 | Flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3), also known as dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 3 and trimethylamine monooxygenase, is a flavoprotein enzyme () that in humans is encoded by the FMO3 gene.
This enzyme catalyzes the following chemical reaction, among others:
trimethylamine + NADPH + H+ + O2 trimethylamine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
FMO3 is the main flavin-containing monooxygenase isoenzyme that is expressed in the liver of adult humans. The human FMO3 enzyme catalyzes several types of reactions, including: the of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines; the of nucleophilic sulfur-containing compounds; and the of the anti-cancer agent dimethylxanthenone acetic acid (DMXAA).
FMO3 is the primary enzyme in humans which catalyzes the N-oxidation of trimethylamine into trimethylamine N-oxide; FMO1 also does this, but to a much lesser extent than FMO3. Genetic deficiencies of the FMO3 enzyme cause primary trimethylaminuria, also known as "fish odor syndrome". FMO3 is also involved in the metabolism of many xenobiotics (i.e., exogenous compounds which are not normally present in the body), such as the oxidative deamination of amphetamine.
Ligands
Cancer
FMO3 gene has been observed progressively downregulated in Human papillomavirus-positive neoplastic keratinocytes derived from uterine cervical preneoplastic lesions at different levels of malignancy. For this reason, FMO3 is likely to be associated with tumorigenesis and may be a potential prognostic marke |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin-dependent%20kinase%20inhibitor%20protein | A cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor protein (also known as CKIs, CDIs, or CDKIs) is a protein which inhibits the enzyme cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) and Cyclin activity by stopping the cell cycle if there are unfavorable conditions, therefore, acting as tumor suppressors. Cell cycle progression is stopped by Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor protein at the G1 phase. CKIs are vital proteins within the control system that point out whether the process of DNA synthesis, mitosis, and cytokines control one another. If a malfunction prevents the successful completion of DNA synthesis during the G1 phase, a signal is sent to delay or stop the progression to the S phase. Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor proteins are essential in the regulation of the cell cycle. If cell mutations surpass the cell cycle checkpoints during cell cycle regulation, it can result in various types of cancer.
CKI Inactivation Process
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor proteins work by inactivating the CDKs by degradation. The typical inactivation mechanism of the CDK/ Cyclin complex is based on binding a CDK inhibitor to the CDK cyclin complex and a partial conformational rotation of the CDK. The cyclin is thus forced to release the T loop and detach from the CDK. Then, the CDK inhibitor initiates a small Helix into the cleft blocking the cleft and blocking the active site of the CDK. Eventually, it releases the ATP out of the aperture of the CDK and deactivates it. Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor prote |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capone%20%28footballer%29 | Carlos Alberto de Oliveira (born 23 May 1972), known as Capone, is a former Brazilian footballer.
Club statistics
Honours
Mogi Mirim
Campeonato Paulista Série A2: 1 (1995)
Juventude
Campeonato Gaúcho: 1 (1998)
Copa do Brasil: 1 (1999)
Galatasaray
Turkish Cup: 1 (1999–2000)
UEFA Cup: 1 (1999–2000)
Turkish Super League: 2 (1999–2000, 2001–02)
UEFA Super Cup: 1 (2000)
Corinthians
Campeonato Paulista: 1 (2003)
External links
sports.geocities.jp
1972 births
Living people
Brazilian men's footballers
Brazilian expatriate men's footballers
Associação Atlética Ponte Preta players
Mogi Mirim Esporte Clube players
São Paulo FC players
Kyoto Sanga FC players
Esporte Clube Juventude players
Galatasaray S.K. footballers
Kocaelispor footballers
Sport Club Corinthians Paulista players
Club Athletico Paranaense players
Beitar Jerusalem F.C. players
Grêmio Foot-Ball Porto Alegrense players
Associação Atlética Portuguesa (Santos) players
Londrina Esporte Clube players
J1 League players
Expatriate men's footballers in Israel
Expatriate men's footballers in Japan
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Turkey
Expatriate men's footballers in Turkey
Süper Lig players
UEFA Cup winning players
Men's association football defenders
Footballers from Campinas |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battlefield%20Extraction-Assist%20Robot | The Battlefield Extraction-Assist Robot (BEAR) is a remotely controlled robot developed by Vecna Robotics for use in the extraction of wounded soldiers from the battlefield with no risk to human life. The humanoid robot uses a powerful hydraulics system to carry humans and other heavy objects over long distances and rough terrain, such as stairs.
Work on the robot commenced in 2005 and it was featured in Time Magazine's Best Inventions of 2006. Vecna Robotics wrapped up development and testing for applications on and off of the battlefield in 2011.
Features and technology
The BEAR is a six-feet-tall, remotely controlled, humanoid robot, powered by a hydraulic actuator. Its steel torso is capable of the maximum hydraulic exertion of . It can lift .
Controls
The initial versions of the BEAR were remotely controlled by a human operator who was able to see and hear through the robot's sensors. Developments to the BEAR's AI have given the robot the ability to process higher level commands given by an operator such as "go to this location" or "pick up that box." If the robot is unable to execute the operator's command, it asks the operator for assistance to complete a task.
A soldier may also control the BEAR through a device known as the iGlove. The motion-capture glove, which AnthroTronix has developed, allows the soldier to make a simple hand gesture to command the BEAR. Another remote control for the BEAR is called the Mounted Force Controller. It's a specialized rifle grip |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WJWZ | WJWZ, also known as 97.9 Jamz, is an urban contemporary formatted radio station that serves the Montgomery Metropolitan Area, broadcasting on the FM band at a frequency of 97.9 MHz and licensed to Wetumpka, Alabama. The station is locally owned and operated by Bluewater Broadcasting Company, LLC. The station's transmitter is located in Montgomery. The station's studios are located on Wall St. in Midtown Montgomery.
Local on-air personalities include Michelle C, Doughboy, and Frank White. WJWZ also participates in Montgomery rating survey by Arbitron (Market #150) and is monitored by Mediabase. It is the home of Tom Joyner in the mornings as of October 2013, after crosstown urban WWMG dropped him for Steve Harvey. Joyner replaces Russ Parr after five years, whom in turn replaced Doug Banks on the station.
History
Vision Communications, Ltd. received the original construction permit to build a new 3,700 watt FM station at 97.9 MHz from the Federal Communications Commission on May 28, 1996. This construction permit was transferred from Vision Communications, Ltd. to Vision Communications, Ltd. II in April 1997. The new station was assigned the call letters WICE by the FCC on July 7, 1997.
In April 1998, control of permit holder Vision Communications, Ltd. II was transferred from Philip L. Williams to Montgomery Broadcast Properties, Ltd. On April 4, 1998, the station applied to the FCC for program test authority which was finally granted on July 24, 1998. The station's call |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminomethyltransferase | Aminomethyltransferase is an enzyme that catabolizes the creation of methylenetetrahydrofolate. It is part of the glycine decarboxylase complex.
Structure
The gene is about 6 kb in length and consists of nine exons. The 5′-flanking region of the gene lacks typical TATAA sequence but has a single defined transcription initiation site detected by the primer extension method. Two putative glucocorticoid-responsive elements and a putative thyroid hormone-responsive element are present. The AMT gene has been localized to 3p21.2-p21.1 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. The 1209 base pair open reading frame encodes 403 amino acid precursor protein, and the deduced amino acid sequence of the mature peptide shows 90 and 68% homology to that of bovine and chicken counterpart, respectively.
The protein encoded by this gene has its crystal structure resolved at 2 Angstroms. The most recent model contains two monomers related by a non-crystallographic 2-fold axis, 1176 water molecules, and 11 molecules sulfate ions in an asymmetric unit. Several dimeric interactions are observed among the residues on the N-terminal loop, on α-helix D, and the flank on either side of β-strand 8 of the two monomers.
Function
The protein encoded by AMT catalyzes the release of ammonia and the transfer of a methylene carbon unit to a tetrahydrofolate moiety. The aminomethyl intermediate is the product of the decarboxylation of glycine catalyzed by P-protein. In the reverse reaction, T-protein catalyzes |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic%20Resonance%20in%20Chemistry | Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the application of NMR, ESR, and NQR spectrometry in all branches of chemistry. The journal was established in 1969 and is published by John Wiley & Sons. The editors-in-chief are Roberto R. Gil (Carnegie Mellon University) and Gary E. Martin (Seton Hall University).
Abstracting and indexing
The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
Chemical Abstracts Service
Scopus
Science Citation Index
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 2.447.
Highest cited papers
According to the Web of Science, the following papers have been cited most often (> 300 times):
References
External links
Chemistry journals
Wiley (publisher) academic journals
Academic journals established in 1969
Monthly journals
English-language journals |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superprocess | An -superprocess, , within mathematics probability theory is a stochastic process on that is usually constructed as a special limit of near-critical branching diffusions.
Informally, it can be seen as a branching process where each particle splits and dies at infinite rates, and evolves according to a diffusion equation, and we follow the rescaled population of particles, seen as a measure on .
Scaling limit of a discrete branching process
Simplest setting
For any integer , consider a branching Brownian process defined as follows:
Start at with independent particles distributed according to a probability distribution .
Each particle independently move according to a Brownian motion.
Each particle independently dies with rate .
When a particle dies, with probability it gives birth to two offspring in the same location.
The notation means should be interpreted as: at each time , the number of particles in a set is . In other words, is a measure-valued random process.
Now, define a renormalized process:
Then the finite-dimensional distributions of converge as to those of a measure-valued random process , which is called a -superprocess, with initial value , where and where is a Brownian motion (specifically, where is a measurable space, is a filtration, and under has the law of a Brownian motion started at ).
As will be clarified in the next section, encodes an underlying branching mechanism, and encodes the motion of the particles. Here, since |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheese | Cheese is a dairy product produced in wide ranges of flavors, textures, and forms by coagulation of the milk protein casein. It comprises proteins and fat from milk (usually the milk of cows, buffalo, goats, or sheep). During production, milk is usually acidified and either the enzymes of rennet or bacterial enzymes with similar activity are added to cause the casein to coagulate. The solid curds are then separated from the liquid whey and pressed into finished cheese. Some cheeses have aromatic molds on the rind, the outer layer, or throughout.
Over a thousand types of cheese exist and are produced in various countries. Their styles, textures and flavors depend on the origin of the milk (including the animal's diet), whether they have been pasteurized, the butterfat content, the bacteria and mold, the processing, and how long they have been aged. Herbs, spices, or wood smoke may be used as flavoring agents. The yellow to red color of many cheeses is produced by adding annatto. Other ingredients may be added to some cheeses, such as black pepper, garlic, chives, or cranberries. A cheesemonger, or specialist seller of cheeses, may have expertise with selecting, purchasing, receiving, storing and ripening cheeses.
For a few cheeses, the milk is curdled by adding acids such as vinegar or lemon juice. Most cheeses are acidified to a lesser degree by bacteria, which turn milk sugars into lactic acid, then the addition of rennet completes the curdling. Vegetarian alternatives to |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1893%20AHAC%20season | The 1893 Amateur Hockey Association of Canada season lasted from January 7 until March 17. The Montreal Hockey Club defeated the Crystals 2-1 to claim the league and Canadian champion for the sixth season in a row and was awarded the new Stanley Cup without any competition by virtue of their status as AHAC champion.
Executive
On December 15, 1892, the AHAC elected its officers for the season:
President - F. M. S. Jenkins, Ottawa
1st Vice. Pres. - J. Crathern, Victorias
2nd Vice. Pres. - A. Laurie, Quebec
Secretary-Treasurer - J. A. Findlay, Montreal
Council - A. Ritchie, Crystals; G. Carpenter, Shamrocks; M. Costigan, McGill; A. Z. Palmer, Ottawa Rebels; J. Farwell, Sherbrooke
Season
Ottawa and Quebec got into a dispute. Quebec protested their loss on January 21 in Quebec and refused to play in the return match until the protest was decided. The return match was scheduled for February but was not played until March 17. At the same time, Ottawa was in a dispute with the Ontario Hockey Association over the location of the final match for the Ontario championship. In the end, Ottawa seceded from the Ontario association.
Final standing
Results
† Game awarded to Montreal because Crystals refused to continue.
†† Montreal clinches league championship.
Source: Trail of the Stanley Cup, Vol. 1.
Championship
Montreal HC won the championship for placing first in the regular season. This was Montreal HC's third straight championship since the Championship Trophy was inaugu |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary%20constraint | A binary constraint, in mathematical optimization, is a constraint that involves exactly two variables.
For example, consider the n-queens problem, where the goal is to place n chess queens on an n-by-n chessboard such that none of the queens can attack each other (horizontally, vertically, or diagonally). The formal set of constraints are therefore "Queen 1 can't attack Queen 2", "Queen 1 can't attack Queen 3", and so on between all pairs of queens. Each constraint in this problem is binary, in that it only considers the placement of two individual queens.
Linear programs in which all constraints are binary can be solved in strongly polynomial time, a result that is not known to be true for more general linear programs.
References
Mathematical optimization
Constraint programming |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louise%20Johnson | Dame Louise Napier Johnson, (26 September 1940 – 25 September 2012), was a British biochemist and protein crystallographer. She was David Phillips Professor of Molecular Biophysics at the University of Oxford from 1990 to 2007, and later an emeritus professor.
Education
Johnson attended Wimbledon High School for Girls from 1952 to 1959, where girls were encouraged to study science and to pursue useful careers. Her mother had read biochemistry and physiology at University College London in the 1930s and was supportive of Johnson's decision to pursue a scientific career. She went to University College London in 1959 to read Physics and coming from an all-girls school, she was surprised to find herself one of only four girls in a class of 40.
She took theoretical physics as her third-year option and graduated with a 2.1 degree. Whilst working at the Atomic Energy Authority, Harwell, on neutron diffraction, during one of her vacations, she met Uli Arndt, an instrument scientist, who worked at the Royal Institution, London. She was impressed by the work taking place there and in 1962 she moved to the Royal Institution to do a PhD in biophysics. Her graduate supervisor was David Chilton Phillips, whose team was working on the crystal structure of lysozyme. Her first task was to determine the structure of a sugar molecule, N-Acetylglucosamine, using x-ray diffraction, which she solved within a year. She then moved onto the study of the substrate binding to the protein lysozyme an |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hultgren | Hultgren is a surname of Swedish origin meaning 'Forest Branch'.
Geographical distribution
As of 2014, 51.3% of all known bearers of the surname Hultgren were residents of Sweden (frequency 1:3,116), 39.1% of the United States (1:150,084), 2.8% of Norway (1:29,725), 2.3% of Australia (1:169,813) and 1.9% of Argentina (1:374,943).
In Sweden, the frequency of the surname was higher than national average (1:3,116) in the following counties:
1. Kalmar County (1:1,079)
2. Östergötland County (1:1,552)
3. Jönköping County (1:1,720)
4. Värmland County (1:1,862)
5. Blekinge County (1:1,974)
6. Gotland County (1:2,017)
7. Kronoberg County (1:2,392)
8. Örebro County (1:2,769)
9. Västra Götaland County (1:2,889)
10. Dalarna County (1:2,977)
11. Västmanland County (1:2,981)
People
Anne Hultgren, American scientist
Axel Hultgren, (1886-1974), Metallography Professor, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
Chayne Hultgren, known as the Space Cowboy (Australian Circus and Freak show performer)
David Hultgren, American politician and judge in Illinois
Edvard Hultgren (1904 –1984), Swedish boxer who competed in the 1924 Summer Olympics
Kristoffer Hultgren, atmospheric scientist, Stockholm University, Sweden
Petra Hultgren, Swedish actress and Miss Sweden 1995
Ralph Raymond Hultgren (1905-1993), Metallurgy Professor UC Berkeley and Author
Ralph Hultgren, Australian trumpet player and composer.
Randy Hultgren, American politician, Illinois Representative
Steven Hul |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truncated%20normal%20distribution | In probability and statistics, the truncated normal distribution is the probability distribution derived from that of a normally distributed random variable by bounding the random variable from either below or above (or both). The truncated normal distribution has wide applications in statistics and econometrics.
Definitions
Suppose has a normal distribution with mean and variance and lies within the interval . Then conditional on has a truncated normal distribution.
Its probability density function, , for , is given by
and by otherwise.
Here,
is the probability density function of the standard normal distribution and is its cumulative distribution function
By definition, if , then , and similarly, if , then .
The above formulae show that when the scale parameter of the truncated normal distribution is allowed to assume negative values. The parameter is in this case imaginary, but the function is nevertheless real, positive, and normalizable. The scale parameter of the untruncated normal distribution must be positive because the distribution would not be normalizable otherwise. The doubly truncated normal distribution, on the other hand, can in principle have a negative scale parameter (which is different from the variance, see summary formulae), because no such integrability problems arise on a bounded domain. In this case the distribution cannot be interpreted as an untruncated normal conditional on , of course, but can still be interpreted as a maximum |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airflow%20Sciences%20Corporation | Airflow Sciences Corporation (ASC) is an engineering consulting company based in Livonia, Michigan, USA that specializes in the design and optimization of equipment and processes involving flow, heat transfer, combustion, and mass transfer. Engineering techniques include Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling, experimental laboratory testing, and field measurements at client sites. ASC works for a wide range of industries world-wide, including power generation, manufacturing, aerospace, HVAC, food processing, biomedical, pollution control, oil and gas, rail, legal, and automotive.
In addition to engineering consulting, ASC has a test equipment division that manufactures flow measurement equipment such as data loggers, pressure/flow/temperature instrumentation, wind tunnels, and online flow systems.
ASC is the parent company of Azore Software, LLC, which develops and sells the commercial simulation software AzoreCFD. This advanced polyhedral-based CFD software use widely used for flow and heat transfer analysis and design.
History
The company was founded in 1975 by Robert Gielow and James Paul, two Professional Engineers with backgrounds in the aerospace industry. They quickly realized that the analysis techniques they applied to projects such as the Apollo program Moon rockets and commercial aircraft design could be used to advance a wide variety of other industries. Early years of the company were focused on aerodynamic optimization of vehicles such as cars, trac |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiotrophin%201 | Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) is a cytokine. It is a cardiac hypertrophic factor of 21.5 kDa and a protein member of the IL-6 cytokine family.
Pathology
CT-1 is associated with the pathophysiology of heart diseases, including hypertension, myocardial infarction, valvular heart disease, and congestive heart failure.
Mode of action
The protein exerts its cellular effects by interacting with the glycoprotein 130 (gp130)/leukemia inhibitory factor receptor beta (LIFR) heterodimer. In addition, CT-1 activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI-3 kinase) in cardiac myocytes and enhances transcription factor NF-κB DNA -binding activities.
CT-1 is highly expressed in the heart, skeletal muscle, prostate and ovary and to lower levels in lung, kidney, pancreas, thymus, testis and small intestine.
References
External links |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oncostatin%20M%20receptor | Oncostatin-M specific receptor subunit beta also known as the Oncostatin M receptor (OSMR) , is one of the receptor proteins for oncostatin M, that in humans is encoded by the OSMR gene.
OSMR is a member of the type I cytokine receptor family. This protein heterodimerizes with interleukin 6 signal transducer to form the type II oncostatin M receptor and with interleukin 31 receptor A to form the interleukin 31 receptor, and thus transduces oncostatin M and interleukin 31 induced signaling events.
Expression
OSMR is widely expressed across non-haematopoietic, hepatocytes, mesothelial cells, glial cells and epithelial cell types across various organs and mammary glands. OSM receptor is abundantly expressed on endothelial and stromal/fibroblast cells in the lung of mice.=
In vitro expression of OSMR in fetal hepatocytes is upregulated by OSM stimulation.
OSMR expression has been shown to be induced by parathyroid hormone in osteoblasts and OSM.
Signaling
Intracellular cell signalling occurs as a consequence of extracellular binding of the ligand OSM to OSMR complexes, formed from dimerization with receptor subunits such as gp130. Activation of the OSMR-gp130 complex by OSM triggers Janus Kinase 1 (JAK1) and Jak2 cross phosphorylation of tyrosine residues on the intracellular receptor domain. Downstream signaling activation of the OSMR-gp130 complex along the JAK1 pathway leads to IL-6 signalling which is linked with activation of the MAPK cascade, PI3K cascade and STAT3 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radial%20immunodiffusion | Radial immunodiffusion (RID), Mancini immunodiffusion or single radial immunodiffusion assay, is an immunodiffusion technique used in immunology to determine the quantity or concentration of an antigen in a sample.
Description
Preparation
A solution containing antibody is added to a heated medium such as agar or agarose dissolved in buffered normal saline. The molten medium is then poured onto a microscope slide or into an open container, such as a Petri dish, and allowed to cool and form a gel. A solution containing the antigen is then placed in a well that is punched into the gel. The slide or container is then covered, closed or placed in a humidity box to prevent evaporation.
The antigen diffuses radially into the medium, forming a circle of precipitin that marks the boundary between the antibody and the antigen. The diameter of the circle increases with time as the antigen diffuses into the medium, reacts with the antibody, and forms insoluble precipitin complexes. The antigen is quantitated by measuring the diameter of the precipitin circle and comparing it with the diameters of precipitin circles formed by known quantities or concentrations of the antigen.
Antigen-antibody complexes are small and soluble when in antigen excess. Therefore, precipitation near the center of the circle is usually less dense than it is near the circle's outer edge, where antigen is less concentrated.
Expansion of the circle reaches an endpoint and stops when free antigen is depleted |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angle%20of%20climb | In aerodynamics, climb gradient is the ratio between distance travelled over the ground and altitude gained, and is expressed as a percentage. The angle of climb can be defined as the angle between a horizontal plane representing the Earth's surface and the actual flight path followed by the aircraft during its ascent.
The speed of an aircraft type at which the angle of climb is largest is called VX. It is always slower than VY, the speed for the best rate of climb.
As the latter gives the quickest way for gaining altitude levels, regardless of the distance covered during such a maneuver, it is more relevant to cruising. The maximum angle of climb on the other hand is where the aircraft gains the most altitude in a given distance, regardless of the time needed for the maneuver. This is important for clearing an obstacle, and therefore is the speed a pilot uses when executing a "short field" takeoff.
VX increases with altitude and VY decreases with altitude until they converge at the airplane's absolute ceiling.
Best angle of climb (BAOC) airspeed for an airplane is the speed at which the maximum excess thrust is available. Excess thrust is the difference between the total drag of the aircraft, and the thrust output of the powerplant. For a jet aircraft, this speed is very close to the speed at which the total minimum drag occurs.
See also
Rate of climb
References
Aerodynamics |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alenia%20C-27J%20Spartan | The Alenia C-27J Spartan is a military transport aircraft developed and manufactured by Leonardo's Aircraft Division (formerly Alenia Aermacchi until 2016). It is an advanced derivative of the former Alenia Aeronautica's earlier G.222 (C-27A Spartan in U.S. service), equipped with the engines and various other systems also used on the larger Lockheed Martin C-130J Super Hercules. In addition to the standard transport configuration, specialized variants of the C-27J have been developed for maritime patrol, search and rescue, C3 ISR (command, control, communications, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance), fire support/ground-attack and electronic warfare missions.
In 2007, the C-27J was selected as the Joint Cargo Aircraft (JCA) for the United States military; these were produced in an international teaming arrangement under which L-3 Communications served as the prime contractor. In 2012, the United States Air Force (USAF) elected to retire the C-27J after only a short service life due to budget cuts; they were later reassigned to the U.S. Coast Guard and United States Special Operations Command. The C-27J has also been ordered by the military air units of Australia, Bulgaria, Chad, Greece, Italy, Kenya, Lithuania, Mexico, Morocco, Peru, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Zambia and an undisclosed country.
Design and development
In 1995, Alenia and Lockheed Martin began discussions to improve Alenia's G.222 using C-130J's glass cockpit and a more powerful version of the G |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UFC1 | UFC1 may refer to:
Ubiquitin-fold modifier conjugating enzyme 1 (UFC1), a protein involved in the ufmylation cascade
UFC 1, the first mixed martial arts event organized by the Ultimate Fighting Championship |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleate%20boiling | In fluid thermodynamics, nucleate boiling is a type of boiling that takes place when the surface temperature is hotter than the saturated fluid temperature by a certain amount but where the heat flux is below the critical heat flux. For water, as shown in the graph below, nucleate boiling occurs when the surface temperature is higher than the saturation temperature () by between . The critical heat flux is the peak on the curve between nucleate boiling and transition boiling. The heat transfer from surface to liquid is greater than that in film boiling.
Nucleate boiling is common in electric kettles and is responsible for the noise that occurs before boiling occurs. It also occurs in water boilers where water is rapidly heated.
Mechanism
Two different regimes may be distinguished in the nucleate boiling range. When the temperature difference is between approximately above TS, isolated bubbles form at nucleation sites and separate from the surface. This separation induces considerable fluid mixing near the surface, substantially increasing the convective heat transfer coefficient and the heat flux. In this regime, most of the heat transfer is through direct transfer from the surface to the liquid in motion at the surface and not through the vapor bubbles rising from the surface.
Between above TS, a second flow regime may be observed. As more nucleation sites become active, increased bubble formation causes bubble interference and coalescence. In this region the vapor |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microvesicle | Microvesicles (ectosomes, or microparticles) are a type of extracellular vesicle (EV) that are released from the cell membrane. In multicellular organisms, microvesicles and other EVs are found both in tissues (in the interstitial space between cells) and in many types of body fluids. Delimited by a phospholipid bilayer, microvesicles can be as small as the smallest EVs (30 nm in diameter) or as large as 1000 nm. They are considered to be larger, on average, than intracellularly-generated EVs known as exosomes. Microvesicles play a role in intercellular communication and can transport molecules such as mRNA, miRNA, and proteins between cells.
Though initially dismissed as cellular debris, microvesicles may reflect the antigenic content of the cell of origin and have a role in cell signaling. Like other EVs, they have been implicated in numerous physiologic processes, including anti-tumor effects, tumor immune suppression, metastasis, tumor-stroma interactions, angiogenesis, and tissue regeneration. Microvesicles may also remove misfolded proteins, cytotoxic agents and metabolic waste from the cell. Changes in microvesicle levels may indicate diseases including cancer.
Formation and contents
Different cells can release microvesicles from the plasma membrane. Sources of microvesicles include megakaryocytes, blood platelets, monocytes, neutrophils, tumor cells and placenta.
Platelets play an important role in maintaining hemostasis: they promote thrombus growth, and thus they |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonnet%27s%20theorem | In classical mechanics, Bonnet's theorem states that if n different force fields each produce the same geometric orbit (say, an ellipse of given dimensions) albeit with different speeds v1, v2,...,vn at a given point P, then the same orbit will be followed if the speed at point P equals
History
This theorem was first derived by Adrien-Marie Legendre in 1817, but it is named after Pierre Ossian Bonnet.
Derivation
The shape of an orbit is determined only by the centripetal forces at each point of the orbit, which are the forces acting perpendicular to the orbit. By contrast, forces along the orbit change only the speed, but not the direction, of the velocity.
Let the instantaneous radius of curvature at a point P on the orbit be denoted as R. For the kth force field that produces that orbit, the force normal to the orbit Fk must provide the centripetal force
Adding all these forces together yields the equation
Hence, the combined force-field produces the same orbit if the speed at a point P is set equal to
References
Classical mechanics |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystallex%20International%20Corporation | Crystallex International Corporation (OTCQB: CRYXF) is a Canadian corporation engaged in gold mining and exploration. It operates open-pit mines and exploration sites in Venezuela. Its current level of output characterizes it as a junior gold producer.
Las Cristinas exploration & development
On June 14, 2007, Crystallex announced that it had completed all necessary steps in the permitting process and had received approval from the Venezuelan Ministry of the Environment to begin mining operations at its Las Cristinas site.
On April 30, 2008, Crystallex has been denied a key important environmental permit. Crystallex will not be able to construct the mine without the environmental permit.
Venezuela arbitration
Crystallex has been litigating for losses relating to nationalization of the Las Cristinas mine in 2008. On April 4, 2016, Crystallex won their case in front of ICSID and was awarded compensation.
In August 2018, a US federal judge ordered the Venezuelan government to immediately pay bonds towards $1.2 billion to Crystallex or to provide shares of PDV Holding Inc., the parent company of Citgo.
References
Gold mining companies of Canada |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CBM-CFS3 | CBM-CFS3 (Carbon Budget Model of the Canadian Forest Sector) is a Windows-based software modelling framework for stand- and landscape-level forest ecosystem carbon accounting. It is used to calculate forest carbon stocks and stock changes for the past (monitoring) or into the future (projection). It can be used to create, simulate and compare various forest management scenarios in order to assess impacts on carbon. It is compliant with requirements under the Kyoto Protocol and with the Good Practice Guidance for Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (2003) report published by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).
It is the central model of the Government of Canada's National Forest Carbon Monitoring, Accounting and Reporting System (NFCMARS). The CBM-CFS3 was developed through a collaboration between Natural Resources Canada's Canadian Forest Service (CFS) and the Canadian Model Forest Network, and is currently supported by the CFS. The CBM-CFS3 is distributed at no charge by the Canadian Forest Service through Canada's National Forest Information System web site. Technical support is available by contacting Stephen Kull, Carbon Model Extension Forester, at the CFS.
See also
Carbon accounting
External links
Canadian Forest Service, Forest Carbon Accounting Web Site
Canadian Forest Service CBM-CFS3 Web Site
Natural Resources Canada Web Site
Canadian Forest Service Web Site
The Canadian Model Forest Network
Good Practice Guidance for Land Use, Land-Use Ch |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20German%20skeleton%20champions | This is the List of German Skeleton Champions since 1914.
Men
Women
Statistics
bold - still active athletes
Men
Women
External links
Statistics at the BSD-Site
Statistics at Sport-komplett
Statistics at Eiskanal
List of champions
Champions, list |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milton%20Feng | Milton Feng co-created the first transistor laser, working with Nick Holonyak in 2004. The paper discussing their work was voted in 2006 as one of the five most important papers published by the American Institute of Physics since its founding 75 years ago. In addition to the invention of transistor laser, he is also well known for inventions of other "major breakthrough" devices, including the world's fastest transistor and light-emitting transistor (LET). As of May, 2009 he is a professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign and holds the Nick Holonyak Jr. Endowed Chair Professorship.
Feng was born and raised in Taiwan.
Inventions
World's fastest transistor
In 2003, Milton Feng and his graduate students Walid Hafez and Jie-Wei Lai broke the record for the world's fastest transistor. Their device, made of indium phosphide and indium gallium arsenide with 25 nm thick base and 75 nm thick collector, marked a frequency of 509 GHz, which was 57 GHz faster than the previous record.
In 2005, they succeeded in fabricating a device at Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory to break their own record, reaching 604 GHz.
In 2006, Feng and his other graduate student William Snodgrass fabricated an indium phosphide and indium gallium arsenide device with 12.5 nm thick base, operating at 765 GHz at room temperature and 845 GHz at -55 °C.
Light-emitting transistor
Reported in the January 5 issue of the journal Applied Physics Letters in 2004, Milton Feng and Nick Holonyak, |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network%20allocation%20vector | The network allocation vector (NAV) is a virtual carrier-sensing mechanism used with wireless network protocols such as IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi) and IEEE 802.16 (WiMax). The virtual carrier-sensing is a logical abstraction which limits the need for physical carrier-sensing at the air interface in order to save power. The MAC layer frame headers contain a duration field that specifies the transmission time required for the frame, in which time the medium will be busy. The stations listening on the wireless medium read the Duration field and set their NAV, which is an indicator for a station on how long it must defer from accessing the medium.
The NAV may be thought of as a counter, which counts down to zero at a uniform rate. When the counter is zero, the virtual carrier-sensing indication is that the medium is idle; when nonzero, the indication is busy. The medium shall be determined to be busy when the station (STA) is transmitting. In IEEE 802.11, the NAV represents the number of microseconds the sending STA intends to hold the medium busy (maximum of 32,767 microseconds). When the sender sends a Request to Send the receiver waits one SIFS before sending Clear to Send. Then the sender will wait again one SIFS before sending all the data. Again the receiver will wait a SIFS before sending ACK. So NAV is the duration from the first SIFS to the ending of ACK. During this time the medium is considered busy.
Wireless stations are often battery-powered, so to conserve power the sta |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DeBakey | DeBakey may refer to:
Lois DeBakey
Michael E. DeBakey
Selma DeBakey
DeBakey forceps
DeBakey classification system of aortic dissection
DeBakey High School for Health Professions and the DeBakey High School for Health Professions at Qatar
Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Houston |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khujirt | Khujirt () is a sum (district) of Övörkhangai Province in central Mongolia. The total population of the sum in 2008 was 6,649.
Climate
Khujirt has a subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dwc) with mild summers and severely cold winters. Most precipitation falls in the summer as rain, with some snow in the adjacent months of May and September. Winters are very dry.
External links
References
Districts of Övörkhangai Province |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SB1 | SB1, SB 1, SB.1, SB-1, or SB>1 may refer to:
SB1, a single-lined spectroscopic binary star
SB1, the Sabino 1 coat color pattern gene found in some, but not all varieties of Sabino horses
SB1, a shorthand designation of Soldier Boy I, a fictional superhero in the The Boys franchise
Senate Bill 1, a 2006 California legislative bill which expands the role of the California Solar Initiative
Senate Bill 1, Road Repair and Accountability Act, a 2017 California legislative bill
Tupolev SB-1, another name for the Tupolev SB, a 1930s Russian bomber
Short SB.1, a 1951 British experimental tailless glider
Sikorsky/Boeing SB-1 Defiant, also SB>1, an American experimental compound helicopter
Stinson SB-1 Detroiter, a 1921 American utility aircraft
Loessl Sb.1 Münchener Eindekker, a 1921 German experimental glider |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AVD | AVD may refer to:
AVD, the United States Navy hull classification symbol for "seaplane tender destroyer"
Alviri-Vidari language, an Iranian language (ISO 639-3 abbreviation)
Apparent volume of distribution, distribution of a drug
Aqueous vermiculite dispersion, a fire extinguisher medium specifically designed for suppressing fires in lithium-ion batteries
Aromantic Visibility Day, annual day of awareness for people on the aromantic spectrum
Assisted vaginal delivery
Audio, Video, Disco, 2011 album by the electronic music duo Justice
Automobilclub von Deutschland, Germany's oldest automobile club
Avadi railway station, Tamil Nadu, India (railroad station abbreviation) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meaconing | Meaconing is the interception and rebroadcast of navigation signals. These signals are rebroadcast on the received frequency, typically with power higher than the original signal, to confuse enemy navigation. Consequently, aircraft or ground stations are given inaccurate bearings.
Meaconing is more of a concern to personnel in navigation ratings than to radio operators. However, communications transmitters are often used to transmit navigation signals. Since communications personnel operate the transmitters, they must know how to deal with any communications problems resulting from meaconing.
Successful meaconing can cause aircraft to be lured into "hot" (ambush-ready) landing zones or enemy airspace, ships to be diverted from their intended routes, bombers to expend ordnance on false targets, or ground stations to receive inaccurate bearings or position locations.
The term 'meacon' is a portmanteau of masking beacon.
Alleged cases of meaconing
Iran says it used this technique (among others) to capture a USAF RQ-170 Sentinel drone, causing it to crash land. Meaconing in this case could provide a drone with false altitude measurements, causing a crash landing.
Meaconing is among fringe theories for some aircraft crashes, such as Korean Air Lines Flight 007 and the 2010 Polish Air Force Tu-154 crash.
Acronym
MIJI (Meaconing, Intrusion, Jamming, and Interference)
In popular culture
In the film Tomorrow Never Dies, a military GPS signal is meaconed to send a R |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power%20cell | Power cell may refer to:
Battery (electricity), an array of galvanic cells for storing electricity.
Electrochemical cell, a device that generates electricity from chemical reactions.
Fuel cell, an electrochemical energy conversion chamber using reactants.
Solar cell, a photovoltaic panel that converts light energy into electricity. |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concordance%20correlation%20coefficient | In statistics, the concordance correlation coefficient measures the agreement between two variables, e.g., to evaluate reproducibility or for inter-rater reliability.
Definition
The form of the concordance correlation coefficient as
where and are the means for the two variables and and are the corresponding variances. is the correlation coefficient between the two variables.
This follows from its definition as
When the concordance correlation coefficient is computed on a -length data set (i.e., paired data values , for ), the form is
where the mean is computed as
and the variance
and the covariance
Whereas the ordinary correlation coefficient (Pearson's) is immune to whether the biased or unbiased versions for estimation of the variance is used, the concordance correlation coefficient is not. In the original article Lin suggested the 1/N normalization,
while in another article Nickerson appears to have used the 1/(N-1),
i.e., the concordance correlation coefficient may be computed slightly differently between implementations.
Relation to other measures of correlation
The concordance correlation coefficient is nearly identical to some of the measures called intra-class correlations. Comparisons of the concordance correlation coefficient with an "ordinary" intraclass correlation on different data sets found only small differences between the two correlations, in one case on the third decimal. It has also been stated that the ideas for concordance correlation coe |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom%20%28comics%29 | Kingdom is a comic series created by Dan Abnett and Richard Elson and published in 2000 AD, starting in 2006.
The story revolves around a humanoid genetically modified dog named after Gene Hackman, in the distant future. Earth has been overrun by giant insects, known simply as "Them." Most of the human race has been wiped out, and the few thousand survivors are waiting in suspended animation until the world is habitable again. The world is patrolled by dog soldiers called "auxes," such as Gene, who fight Them on humanity's behalf.
Plot
First series
At the beginning of the series, Gene the Hackman is the leader of his pack, patrolling Antarctica (which they call "Anarchticy", the name having been corrupted over the centuries). They follow the orders of voices in their heads known as the urgings, which are transmitted to them by their "Masters" (who are never seen in the series). On the coast, Gene and his pack encounter a mysterious "land bridge" which leads into the sea and beyond the horizon. They conclude that "Them" from another continent created the bridge to invade Antarctica. The urgings stop, something which has never happened before, and so the pack debate whether to return home to report their discovery or continue their patrol (which has already lasted for an unprecedented length of time). Some of the pack desert Gene, and those who remain with him are all killed in action. Gene alone survives, with crippling injuries, and finds refuge in a mysterious building.
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MK-886 | MK-886, or L-663536, is a leukotriene antagonist. It may perform this by blocking the 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (FLAP), thus inhibiting 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), and may help in treating atherosclerosis.
References
Indoles
Thioethers
Chloroarenes
Isopropyl compounds
Carboxylic acids
Tert-butyl compounds |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1961%E2%80%9362%20Serie%20A | The 1961–62 Serie A season was won by Milan.
Teams
Venezia, Mantova and Palermo had been promoted from Serie B.
Final classification
Results
Top goalscorers
References and sources
Almanacco Illustrato del Calcio - La Storia 1898-2004, Panini Edizioni, Modena, September 2005
External links
- All results on RSSSF Website.
Serie A seasons
Italy
1961–62 in Italian football leagues |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allan%20Stewart%20%28ice%20hockey%29 | Allan Stewart (born January 31, 1964) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey left winger. He played for the New Jersey Devils and Boston Bruins.
Career statistics
External links
1964 births
Boston Bruins players
Canadian ice hockey left wingers
Ice hockey people from British Columbia
Living people
Maine Mariners (AHL) players
Moncton Hawks players
New Jersey Devils draft picks
New Jersey Devils players
People from Fort St. John, British Columbia
Prince Albert Raiders players
Prince Albert Raiders (SJHL) players
Utica Devils players |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioaerosol | Bioaerosols (short for biological aerosols) are a subcategory of particles released from terrestrial and marine ecosystems into the atmosphere. They consist of both living and non-living components, such as fungi, pollen, bacteria and viruses. Common sources of bioaerosols include soil, water, and sewage.
Bioaerosols are typically introduced into the air via wind turbulence over a surface. Once in the atmosphere, they can be transported locally or globally: common wind patterns/strengths are responsible for local dispersal, while tropical storms and dust plumes can move bioaerosols between continents. Over ocean surfaces, bioaerosols are generated via sea spray and bubbles
Bioaerosols can transmit microbial pathogens, endotoxins, and allergens to which humans are sensitive. A well-known case was the meningococcal meningitis outbreak in sub-Saharan Africa, which was linked to dust storms during dry seasons. Other outbreaks linked to dust events including Mycoplasma pneumonia and tuberculosis.
Another instance was an increase in human respiratory problems in the Caribbean that may have been caused by traces of heavy metals, microorganism bioaerosols, and pesticides transported via dust clouds passing over the Atlantic Ocean.
Background
Charles Darwin was the first to observe the transport of dust particles but Louis Pasteur was the first to research microbes and their activity within the air. Prior to Pasteur’s work, laboratory cultures were used to grow and isolate differ |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bellanca%2031-40 |
The Bellanca 31-40 Senior Pacemaker and its derivatives were a family of a six- and eight-seat utility aircraft built in the United States in the late 1930s. They were the final revision of the original late 1920s Wright-Bellanca WB-2 design. The model numbers used by Bellanca in this period reflected the wing area (in this case, 310 square feet) and engine horsepower (400 and up in this series), each divided by ten. Like their predecessors, these were high-wing braced monoplanes with conventional tailwheel undercarriage.
A single Senior Skyrocket was bought by the United States Navy in 1938 for use as a utility transport, designated JE-1. Senior Skyrockets were also built under licence by Northwest Industries in Canada following World War II.
In 2007, a single example remains extant - the first Canadian-built aircraft (registration CF-DCH). It is preserved at the Reynolds-Alberta Museum.
Variants
31-40 Senior Pacemaker - Wright Cyclone engine, 400 hp (298 kW)
31-42 Senior Pacemaker - Fitted with a redesigned tail surface, accommodation for one pilot and five passengers, powered by a 550-hp (410-kW) Pratt & Whitney Wasp S3H1 radial piston engine.
31-50 Senior Skyrocket - Pratt & Whitney Hornet engine, 550 hp (410 kW)
L-11 - One 31-50 impressed into service by the United States Army Air Forces in Alaska in 1942.
31-55 Senior Skyrocket
JE-1 - Senior Skyrocket version for US Navy with 570 hp (425 kW) engine
de Luxe Senior Skyrocket - 31-55 with improved instrumentat |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHPR | DHPR may refer to:
6,7-dihydropteridine reductase, an enzyme
dihydropyridine receptor, a calcium channel |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim%20Eriksson | Tim Eriksson (born February 5, 1982) is a professional Swedish ice hockey player. He has played a long time for Linköpings HC, but after the 07/08 season he went to Djurgårdens IF.
Career statistics
Regular season and playoffs
International
External links
1982 births
Djurgårdens IF Hockey players
Linköping HC players
Living people
Los Angeles Kings draft picks
Swedish ice hockey left wingers
Ice hockey people from Södertälje |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KHOP | KHOP is an FM radio station serving the Modesto and Stockton areas. It broadcasts on FM frequency 95.1 and is under ownership of Cumulus Media. KHOP refers to itself as KHOP @ 95-1 or All The Hits. Its studios are in Stockton and its transmitter is located northeast of Oakdale, California.
KHOP plays mostly pop music. It was once referred to as "The Pop Music Channel", but has dropped that slogan in favor of "All the Hits." Prior to the switch to a pop music format, KHOP had a rock format focusing mostly on hard rock from the 1970s and '80s. Before being a rock station, KHOP was an alternative music channel and switched in the mid-90s by advertising their own demise prior to the station's format change. This included a live "cable cutting" show shortly before the format change.
External links
KHOP @ 95-1 - official website
HOP
Contemporary hit radio stations in the United States
Mass media in Stockton, California
Mass media in San Joaquin County, California
Mass media in Stanislaus County, California
Modesto, California
Cumulus Media radio stations
Radio stations established in 1987
1987 establishments in California |
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