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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infinite%20loop | In computer programming, an infinite loop (or endless loop) is a sequence of instructions that, as written, will continue endlessly, unless an external intervention occurs ("pull the plug"). It may be intentional.
Overview
This differs from "a type of computer program that runs the same instructions continuously until... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric%20entry | Atmospheric entry (sometimes listed as Vimpact or Ventry) is the movement of an object from outer space into and through the gases of an atmosphere of a planet, dwarf planet, or natural satellite. There are two main types of atmospheric entry: uncontrolled entry, such as the entry of astronomical objects, space debris,... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thread%20%28computing%29 | In computer science, a thread of execution is the smallest sequence of programmed instructions that can be managed independently by a scheduler, which is typically a part of the operating system. In many cases, a thread is a component of a process.
The multiple threads of a given process may be executed concurrently ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clifford%20algebra | In mathematics, a Clifford algebra is an algebra generated by a vector space with a quadratic form, and is a unital associative algebra. As -algebras, they generalize the real numbers, complex numbers, quaternions and several other hypercomplex number systems. The theory of Clifford algebras is intimately connected wit... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flange | A flange is a protruded ridge, lip or rim, either external or internal, that serves to increase strength (as the flange of an iron beam such as an I-beam or a T-beam); for easy attachment/transfer of contact force with another object (as the flange on the end of a pipe, steam cylinder, etc., or on the lens mount of a c... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nash%20equilibrium | In game theory, the Nash equilibrium, named after the mathematician John Nash, is the most common way to define the solution of a non-cooperative game involving two or more players. In a Nash equilibrium, each player is assumed to know the equilibrium strategies of the other players, and no one has anything to gain by ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecoregion | An ecoregion (ecological region) is an ecologically and geographically defined area that is smaller than a bioregion, which in turn is smaller than a biogeographic realm. Ecoregions cover relatively large areas of land or water, and contain characteristic, geographically distinct assemblages of natural communities and ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neotropical%20realm | The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone.
Definition
In biogeography, the Neotropic or Neotropical realm is one of the eight terrestrial re... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political%20ecology | Political ecology is the study of the relationships between political, economic and social factors with environmental issues and changes. Political ecology differs from apolitical ecological studies by politicizing environmental issues and phenomena.
The academic discipline offers wide-ranging studies integrating ecol... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossbar%20switch | In electronics and telecommunications, a crossbar switch (cross-point switch, matrix switch) is a collection of switches arranged in a matrix configuration. A crossbar switch has multiple input and output lines that form a crossed pattern of interconnecting lines between which a connection may be established by closing... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control%20flow | In computer science, control flow (or flow of control) is the order in which individual statements, instructions or function calls of an imperative program are executed or evaluated. The emphasis on explicit control flow distinguishes an imperative programming language from a declarative programming language.
Within a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pareto%20efficiency | Pareto efficiency or Pareto optimality is a situation where no action or allocation is available that makes one individual better off without making another worse off. The concept is named after Vilfredo Pareto (1848–1923), Italian civil engineer and economist, who used the concept in his studies of economic efficiency... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lynn%20Margulis | Lynn Margulis (born Lynn Petra Alexander; March 5, 1938 – November 22, 2011) was an American evolutionary biologist, and was the primary modern proponent for the significance of symbiosis in evolution. Historian Jan Sapp has said that "Lynn Margulis's name is as synonymous with symbiosis as Charles Darwin's is with evo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear%20congruential%20generator | A linear congruential generator (LCG) is an algorithm that yields a sequence of pseudo-randomized numbers calculated with a discontinuous piecewise linear equation. The method represents one of the oldest and best-known pseudorandom number generator algorithms. The theory behind them is relatively easy to understand, a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartagena%20Protocol%20on%20Biosafety | The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity is an international agreement on biosafety as a supplement to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) effective since 2003. The Biosafety Protocol seeks to protect biological diversity from the potential risks posed by genetically modifi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dedekind%20cut | In mathematics, Dedekind cuts, named after German mathematician Richard Dedekind but previously considered by Joseph Bertrand, are а method of construction of the real numbers from the rational numbers. A Dedekind cut is a partition of the rational numbers into two sets A and B, such that all elements of A are less th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reed%E2%80%93Solomon%20error%20correction | Reed–Solomon codes are a group of error-correcting codes that were introduced by Irving S. Reed and Gustave Solomon in 1960.
They have many applications, the most prominent of which include consumer technologies such as MiniDiscs, CDs, DVDs, Blu-ray discs, QR codes, data transmission technologies such as DSL and WiMAX,... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagged%20Fibonacci%20generator | A Lagged Fibonacci generator (LFG or sometimes LFib) is an example of a pseudorandom number generator. This class of random number generator is aimed at being an improvement on the 'standard' linear congruential generator. These are based on a generalisation of the Fibonacci sequence.
The Fibonacci sequence may be des... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thread%20safety | Thread safety is a computer programming concept applicable to multi-threaded code. Thread-safe code only manipulates shared data structures in a manner that ensures that all threads behave properly and fulfill their design specifications without unintended interaction. There are various strategies for making thread-saf... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undocumented%20feature | An undocumented feature is an unintended or undocumented hardware operation, for example an undocumented instruction, or software feature found in computer hardware and software that is considered beneficial or useful. Sometimes the documentation is omitted through oversight, but undocumented features are sometimes not... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demography | Demography (), also known as Demographics, is the statistical study of populations, especially human beings.
Demographic analysis examines and measures the dimensions and dynamics of populations; it can cover whole societies or groups defined by criteria such as education, nationality, religion, and ethnicity. Educati... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topological%20vector%20space | In mathematics, a topological vector space (also called a linear topological space and commonly abbreviated TVS or t.v.s.) is one of the basic structures investigated in functional analysis.
A topological vector space is a vector space that is also a topological space with the property that the vector space operations ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Where%20Mathematics%20Comes%20From | Where Mathematics Comes From: How the Embodied Mind Brings Mathematics into Being (hereinafter WMCF) is a book by George Lakoff, a cognitive linguist, and Rafael E. Núñez, a psychologist. Published in 2000, WMCF seeks to found a cognitive science of mathematics, a theory of embodied mathematics based on conceptual meta... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrite | The mineral pyrite ( ), or iron pyrite, also known as fool's gold, is an iron sulfide with the chemical formula FeS2 (iron (II) disulfide). Pyrite is the most abundant sulfide mineral.
Pyrite's metallic luster and pale brass-yellow hue give it a superficial resemblance to gold, hence the well-known nickname of fool's ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genotype%E2%80%93phenotype%20distinction | The genotype–phenotype distinction is drawn in genetics. "Genotype" is an organism's full hereditary information. "Phenotype" is an organism's actual observed properties, such as morphology, development, or behavior, and the consequences thereof. This distinction is fundamental in the study of inheritance of traits and... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomimetics | Biomimetics or biomimicry is the emulation of the models, systems, and elements of nature for the purpose of solving complex human problems. The terms "biomimetics" and "biomimicry" are derived from (bios), life, and μίμησις (mīmēsis), imitation, from μιμεῖσθαι (mīmeisthai), to imitate, from μῖμος (mimos), actor. A cl... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dijkstra%27s%20algorithm | Dijkstra's algorithm ( ) is an algorithm for finding the shortest paths between nodes in a weighted graph, which may represent, for example, road networks. It was conceived by computer scientist Edsger W. Dijkstra in 1956 and published three years later.
The algorithm exists in many variants. Dijkstra's original algo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subwoofer | A subwoofer (or sub) is a loudspeaker designed to reproduce low-pitched audio frequencies known as bass and sub-bass, lower in frequency than those which can be (optimally) generated by a woofer. The typical frequency range for a subwoofer is about 20–200 Hz for consumer products, below 100 Hz for professional live sou... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural%20engineering | Structural engineering is a sub-discipline of civil engineering in which structural engineers are trained to design the 'bones and joints' that create the form and shape of human-made structures. Structural engineers also must understand and calculate the stability, strength, rigidity and earthquake-susceptibility of b... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voynich%20manuscript | The Voynich manuscript is an illustrated codex, hand-written in an unknown script referred to as 'Voynichese.' The vellum on which it is written has been carbon-dated to the early 15th century (1404–1438). Stylistic analysis has indicated the manuscript may have been composed in Italy during the Italian Renaissance. W... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurwitz%20polynomial | In mathematics, a Hurwitz polynomial, named after Adolf Hurwitz, is a polynomial whose roots (zeros) are located in the left half-plane of the complex plane or on the imaginary axis, that is, the real part of every root is zero or negative. Such a polynomial must have coefficients that are positive real numbers. The ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Center%20for%20Supercomputing%20Applications | The National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) is a state-federal partnership to develop and deploy national-scale computer infrastructure that advances research, science and engineering based in the United States. NCSA operates as a unit of the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign,
and provides high-pe... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loudspeaker | A loudspeaker (commonly referred to as a speaker or speaker driver) is an electroacoustic transducer that converts an electrical audio signal into a corresponding sound. A speaker system, also often simply referred to as a speaker or loudspeaker, comprises one or more such speaker drivers, an enclosure, and electrical ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential%20distribution | In probability theory and statistics, the exponential distribution or negative exponential distribution is the probability distribution of the time between events in a Poisson point process, i.e., a process in which events occur continuously and independently at a constant average rate. It is a particular case of the g... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General%20equilibrium%20theory | In economics, general equilibrium theory attempts to explain the behavior of supply, demand, and prices in a whole economy with several or many interacting markets, by seeking to prove that the interaction of demand and supply will result in an overall general equilibrium. General equilibrium theory contrasts with the ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gecko%20%28software%29 | Gecko is a browser engine developed by Mozilla. It is used in the Firefox browser, the Thunderbird email client, and many other projects.
Gecko is designed to support open Internet standards, and is used by different applications to display web pages and, in some cases, an application's user interface itself (by rende... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common%20Language%20Runtime | The Common Language Runtime (CLR), the virtual machine component of Microsoft .NET Framework, manages the execution of .NET programs. Just-in-time compilation converts the managed code (compiled intermediate language code) into machine instructions which are then executed on the CPU of the computer. The CLR provides ad... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common%20Intermediate%20Language | Common Intermediate Language (CIL), formerly called Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL) or Intermediate Language (IL), is the intermediate language binary instruction set defined within the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) specification. CIL instructions are executed by a CLI-compatible runtime environment such ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham%20Robinson | Abraham Robinson (born Robinsohn; October 6, 1918 – April 11, 1974) was a mathematician who is most widely known for development of nonstandard analysis, a mathematically rigorous system whereby infinitesimal and infinite numbers were reincorporated into modern mathematics. Nearly half of Robinson's papers were in appl... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A1bor%20Szeg%C5%91 | Gábor Szegő () (January 20, 1895 – August 7, 1985) was a Hungarian-American mathematician. He was one of the foremost mathematical analysts of his generation and made fundamental contributions to the theory of orthogonal polynomials and Toeplitz matrices building on the work of his contemporary Otto Toeplitz.
Life
Sze... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Lakoff | George Philip Lakoff (; born May 24, 1941) is an American cognitive linguist and philosopher, best known for his thesis that people's lives are significantly influenced by the conceptual metaphors they use to explain complex phenomena.
The conceptual metaphor thesis, introduced in his and Mark Johnson's 1980 book Meta... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafael%20E.%20N%C3%BA%C3%B1ez | Rafael E. Núñez is a professor of cognitive science at the University of California, San Diego and a proponent of embodied cognition. He co-authored Where Mathematics Comes From with George Lakoff.
External links
Academic home page
Rafael E. Núñez, Eve Sweetser (2006). "With the Future Behind Them: Convergent Evide... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planner%20%28programming%20language%29 | Planner (often seen in publications as "PLANNER" although it is not an acronym) is a programming language designed by Carl Hewitt at MIT, and first published in 1969. First, subsets such as Micro-Planner and Pico-Planner were implemented, and then essentially the whole language was implemented as Popler by Julian Davi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle%20Solaris | Solaris is a proprietary Unix operating system originally developed by Sun Microsystems. After the Sun acquisition by Oracle in 2010, it was renamed Oracle Solaris.
Solaris superseded the company's earlier SunOS in 1993, and became known for its scalability, especially on SPARC systems, and for originating many innova... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epidemic%20typhus | Epidemic typhus, also known as louse-borne typhus, is a form of typhus so named because the disease often causes epidemics following wars and natural disasters where civil life is disrupted. Epidemic typhus is spread to people through contact with infected body lice, in contrast to endemic typhus which is usually trans... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQUID | A SQUID (superconducting quantum interference device) is a very sensitive magnetometer used to measure extremely weak magnetic fields, based on superconducting loops containing Josephson junctions.
SQUIDs are sensitive enough to measure fields as low as 5×10−14 T with a few days of averaged measurements. Their noise l... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White%20noise | In signal processing, white noise is a random signal having equal intensity at different frequencies, giving it a constant power spectral density. The term is used, with this or similar meanings, in many scientific and technical disciplines, including physics, acoustical engineering, telecommunications, and statistical... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink%20noise | Pink noise, noise or fractional noise or fractal noise is a signal or process with a frequency spectrum such that the power spectral density (power per frequency interval) is inversely proportional to the frequency of the signal. In pink noise, each octave interval (halving or doubling in frequency) carries an equal a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refrigeration | Refrigeration is any of various types of cooling of a space, substance, or system to lower and/or maintain its temperature below the ambient one (while the removed heat is ejected to a place of higher temperature). Refrigeration is an artificial, or human-made, cooling method.
Refrigeration refers to the process by w... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable%20soup | Portable soup was a kind of dehydrated food of English origin used in the 18th and 19th centuries. It was a precursor of meat extract and bouillon cubes, and of industrially dehydrated and instant food. It is also known as pocket soup or veal glue. It is essentially a partially dehydrated broth and a solid counterpart ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diatom | A diatom (Neo-Latin diatoma) is any member of a large group comprising several genera of algae, specifically microalgae, found in the oceans, waterways and soils of the world. Living diatoms make up a significant portion of the Earth's biomass: they generate about 20 to 50 percent of the oxygen produced on the planet e... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunications%20network | A telecommunications network is a group of nodes interconnected by telecommunications links that are used to exchange messages between the nodes. The links may use a variety of technologies based on the methodologies of circuit switching, message switching, or packet switching, to pass messages and signals.
Multiple ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loom | A loom is a device used to weave cloth and tapestry. The basic purpose of any loom is to hold the warp threads under tension to facilitate the interweaving of the weft threads. The precise shape of the loom and its mechanics may vary, but the basic function is the same.
Etymology and usage
The word "loom" derives from... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shovelware | Shovelware is a term for individual video games or software bundles known more for the quantity of what is included than for the quality or usefulness.
The metaphor implies that the creators showed little care for the quality of the original software, as if the new compilation or version had been created by indiscrimi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embedded%20system | An embedded system is a computer system—a combination of a computer processor, computer memory, and input/output peripheral devices—that has a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electronic system. It is embedded as part of a complete device often including electrical or electronic hardware and mechanical ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turing%20tarpit | A Turing tarpit (or Turing tar-pit) is any programming language or computer interface that allows for flexibility in function but is difficult to learn and use because it offers little or no support for common tasks. The phrase was coined in 1982 by Alan Perlis in the Epigrams on Programming:
In any Turing complete la... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banach%20fixed-point%20theorem | In mathematics, the Banach fixed-point theorem (also known as the contraction mapping theorem or contractive mapping theorem or Banach-Caccioppoli theorem) is an important tool in the theory of metric spaces; it guarantees the existence and uniqueness of fixed points of certain self-maps of metric spaces, and provides ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entropy%20coding | In information theory, an entropy coding (or entropy encoding) is any lossless data compression method that attempts to approach the lower bound declared by Shannon's source coding theorem, which states that any lossless data compression method must have expected code length greater or equal to the entropy of the sourc... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer%20Broadband%20and%20Digital%20Television%20Promotion%20Act | The Consumer Broadband and Digital Television Promotion Act (CBDTPA) () was a United States bill proposed in 2002 that would have prohibited any kind of technology that could be used to read digital content without digital rights management (DRM)—which prohibits copying and reading any content under copyright without p... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-carrier | The E-carrier is a member of the series of carrier systems developed for digital transmission of many simultaneous telephone calls by time-division multiplexing. The European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations (CEPT) originally standardised the E-carrier system, which revised and improved the e... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler%27s%20identity | In mathematics, Euler's identity (also known as Euler's equation) is the equality
where
is Euler's number, the base of natural logarithms,
is the imaginary unit, which by definition satisfies , and
is pi, the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter.
Euler's identity is named after the Swiss mathemati... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacred%20geometry | Sacred geometry ascribes symbolic and sacred meanings to certain geometric shapes and certain geometric proportions. It is associated with the belief of a divine creator of the universal geometer. The geometry used in the design and construction of religious structures such as churches, temples, mosques, religious monu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel%20Bernoulli | Daniel Bernoulli ( , ; – 27 March 1782) was a Swiss mathematician and physicist and was one of the many prominent mathematicians in the Bernoulli family from Basel. He is particularly remembered for his applications of mathematics to mechanics, especially fluid mechanics, and for his pioneering work in probability an... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertilisation | Fertilisation or fertilization (see spelling differences), also known as generative fertilisation, syngamy and impregnation, is the fusion of gametes to give rise to a new individual organism or offspring and initiate its development. While processes such as insemination or pollination which happen before the fusion of... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan%27s%20constant | In mathematics, Catalan's constant , is defined by
where is the Dirichlet beta function. Its numerical value is approximately
It is not known whether is irrational, let alone transcendental. has been called "arguably the most basic constant whose irrationality and transcendence (though strongly
suspected) r... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency-hopping%20spread%20spectrum | Frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) is a method of transmitting radio signals by rapidly changing the carrier frequency among many frequencies occupying a large spectral band. The changes are controlled by a code known to both transmitter and receiver. FHSS is used to avoid interference, to prevent eavesdropping, ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler%20numbers | In mathematics, the Euler numbers are a sequence En of integers defined by the Taylor series expansion
,
where is the hyperbolic cosine function. The Euler numbers are related to a special value of the Euler polynomials, namely:
The Euler numbers appear in the Taylor series expansions of the secant and hyperbolic ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio%20time%20stretching%20and%20pitch%20scaling | Time stretching is the process of changing the speed or duration of an audio signal without affecting its pitch. Pitch scaling is the opposite: the process of changing the pitch without affecting the speed. Pitch shift is pitch scaling implemented in an effects unit and intended for live performance. Pitch control is a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallax%20scrolling | Parallax scrolling is a technique in computer graphics where background images move past the camera more slowly than foreground images, creating an illusion of depth in a 2D scene of distance. The technique grew out of the multiplane camera technique used in traditional animation since the 1930s.
Parallax scrolling wa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identity%20map%20pattern | In the design of DBMS, the identity map pattern is a database access design pattern used to improve performance by providing a context-specific, in-memory cache to prevent duplicate retrieval of the same object data from the database.
If the requested data has already been loaded from the database, the identity map re... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cepstrum | In Fourier analysis, the cepstrum (; plural cepstra, adjective cepstral) is the result of computing the inverse Fourier transform (IFT) of the logarithm of the estimated signal spectrum. The method is a tool for investigating periodic structures in frequency spectra. The power cepstrum has applications in the analysis ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colocation%20centre | A colocation center (also spelled co-location, or shortened to colo) or "carrier hotel", is a type of data centre where equipment, space, and bandwidth are available for rental to retail customers. Colocation facilities provide space, power, cooling, and physical security for the server, storage, and networking equipme... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peering | In computer networking, peering is a voluntary interconnection of administratively separate Internet networks for the purpose of exchanging traffic between the "down-stream" users of each network. Peering is settlement-free, also known as "bill-and-keep" or "sender keeps all", meaning that neither party pays the other ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Package%20manager | A package manager or package-management system is a collection of software tools that automates the process of installing, upgrading, configuring, and removing computer programs for a computer in a consistent manner.
A package manager deals with packages, distributions of software and data in archive files. Packages c... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIBO | AIBO (stylized as aibo, abbreviated as Artificial Intelligence RoBOt, homonymous with , "pal" or "partner" in Japanese) is a series of robotic dogs designed and manufactured by Sony. Sony announced a prototype Aibo in mid-1998, and the first consumer model was introduced on 11 May 1999. New models were released every y... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP%20over%20Avian%20Carriers | In computer networking, IP over Avian Carriers (IPoAC) is a joke proposal to carry Internet Protocol (IP) traffic by birds such as homing pigeons. IP over Avian Carriers was initially described in issued by the Internet Engineering Task Force, written by D. Waitzman, and released on April 1, 1990. It is one of sever... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNICOS | UNICOS is a range of Unix and after it Linux operating system (OS) variants developed by Cray for its supercomputers. UNICOS is the successor of the Cray Operating System (COS). It provides network clustering and source code compatibility layers for some other Unixes. UNICOS was originally introduced in 1985 with the C... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FastTrack | FastTrack is a peer-to-peer (P2P) protocol that was used by the Kazaa, Grokster, iMesh and Morpheus file sharing programs. FastTrack was the most popular file sharing network in 2003, and used mainly for the exchange of music mp3 files. The network had approximately 2.4 million concurrent users in 2003. It is estimated... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instrumentation | Instrumentation is a collective term for measuring instruments, used for indicating, measuring and recording physical quantities. It is also a field of study about the art and science about making measurement instruments, involving the related areas of metrology, automation, and control theory.
The term has its origins... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algal%20bloom | An algal bloom or algae bloom is a rapid increase or accumulation in the population of algae in freshwater or marine water systems. It is often recognized by the discoloration in the water from the algae's pigments. The term algae encompasses many types of aquatic photosynthetic organisms, both macroscopic multicellula... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atoll | An atoll () is a ring-shaped island, including a coral rim that encircles a lagoon. There may be coral islands or cays on the rim. Atolls are located in warm tropical or subtropical parts of the oceans and seas where corals can develop. Most of the approximately 440 atolls in the world are in the Pacific Ocean.
Two di... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azimuth | An azimuth (; from ) is the angular measurement in a spherical coordinate system which represents the horizontal angle from a cardinal direction, most commonly north.
Mathematically, the relative position vector from an observer (origin) to a point of interest is projected perpendicularly onto a reference plane (the ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomass%20%28ecology%29 | Biomass is the mass of living biological organisms in a given area or ecosystem at a given time. Biomass can refer to species biomass, which is the mass of one or more species, or to community biomass, which is the mass of all species in the community. It can include microorganisms, plants or animals. The mass can be e... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctor%20Doom | Doctor Doom (Dr. Victor von Doom) is a character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby, the character first appeared in The Fantastic Four #5 (July 1962). The monarch of the fictional nation of Latveria, Doom primarily serves as the archenemy of Reed Richards a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon%20cycle | The carbon cycle is that part of the biogeochemical cycle by which carbon is exchanged among the biosphere, pedosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere of Earth. Other major biogeochemical cycles include the nitrogen cycle and the water cycle. Carbon is the main component of biological compounds as well as a maj... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suspension%20bridge | A suspension bridge is a type of bridge in which the deck is hung below suspension cables on vertical suspenders. The first modern examples of this type of bridge were built in the early 1800s. Simple suspension bridges, which lack vertical suspenders, have a long history in many mountainous parts of the world.
Beside... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timecode | A timecode (alternatively, time code) is a sequence of numeric codes generated at regular intervals by a timing synchronization system. Timecode is used in video production, show control and other applications which require temporal coordination or logging of recording or actions.
Video and film
In video production a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct%20current | Direct current (DC) is one-directional flow of electric charge. An electrochemical cell is a prime example of DC power. Direct current may flow through a conductor such as a wire, but can also flow through semiconductors, insulators, or even through a vacuum as in electron or ion beams. The electric current flows in a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srinivasa%20Ramanujan | Srinivasa Ramanujan ( ; born Srinivasa Ramanujan Aiyangar, ; 22 December 188726 April 1920) was an Indian mathematician. Though he had almost no formal training in pure mathematics, he made substantial contributions to mathematical analysis, number theory, infinite series, and continued fractions, including solutions ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20small%20groups | The following list in mathematics contains the finite groups of small order up to group isomorphism.
Counts
For n = 1, 2, … the number of nonisomorphic groups of order n is
1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 5, 2, 2, 1, 5, 1, 2, 1, 14, 1, 5, 1, 5, ...
For labeled groups, see .
Glossary
Each group is named by Small Groups libra... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistor%E2%80%93transistor%20logic | Transistor–transistor logic (TTL) is a logic family built from bipolar junction transistors. Its name signifies that transistors perform both the logic function (the first "transistor") and the amplifying function (the second "transistor"), as opposed to earlier resistor–transistor logic (RTL) and diode–transistor logi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instruction%20set%20architecture | In computer science, an instruction set architecture (ISA), also called computer architecture, is an abstract model of a computer. A device that executes instructions described by that ISA, such as a central processing unit (CPU), is called an implementation.
In general, an ISA defines the supported instructions, da... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upload | Uploading refers to transmitting data from one computer system to another through means of a network. Common methods of uploading include: uploading via web browsers, FTP clients], and terminals (SCP/SFTP). Uploading can be used in the context of (potentially many) clients that send files to a central server. While upl... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union%20%28set%20theory%29 | In set theory, the union (denoted by ∪) of a collection of sets is the set of all elements in the collection. It is one of the fundamental operations through which sets can be combined and related to each other.
A refers to a union of zero () sets and it is by definition equal to the empty set.
For explanation of t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse%20teeth | Horse teeth refers to the dentition of equine species, including horses and donkeys. Equines are both heterodontous and diphyodontous, which means that they have teeth in more than one shape (there are up to five shapes of tooth in a horse's mouth), and have two successive sets of teeth, the deciduous ("baby teeth") a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cattle%20age%20determination | The age of cattle is determined chiefly by examination of the teeth, and less perfectly by the horn rings or the length of the tail brush; due to bang-tailing, which is the act of cutting the long hairs at the tip of the tail short to identify the animal after management practices, the last method is the least reliable... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authentication | Authentication (from authentikos, "real, genuine", from αὐθέντης authentes, "author") is the act of proving an assertion, such as the identity of a computer system user. In contrast with identification, the act of indicating a person or thing's identity, authentication is the process of verifying that identity. It mig... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Address%20Resolution%20Protocol | The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a communication protocol used for discovering the link layer address, such as a MAC address, associated with a given internet layer address, typically an IPv4 address. This mapping is a critical function in the Internet protocol suite. ARP was defined in 1982 by , which is Inter... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Routing%20table | In computer networking, a routing table, or routing information base (RIB), is a data table stored in a router or a network host that lists the routes to particular network destinations, and in some cases, metrics (distances) associated with those routes. The routing table contains information about the topology of the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomous%20robot | An autonomous robot is a robot that acts without recourse to human control. The first autonomous robots environment were known as Elmer and Elsie, which were constructed in the late 1940s by W. Grey Walter. They were the first robots in history that were programmed to "think" the way biological brains do and meant to ... |
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