source_doi stringlengths 13 57 | source_mag_paper_id int64 490k 157M | source_abstract stringlengths 8 10.7k | target_doi stringlengths 14 27 | target_summary stringlengths 42 889 |
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10.1002/acp.1507 | 40,824,755 | Abstract Laboratory studies show that retention of information can be powerfully enhanced through testing, but evidence for their utility to promote long‐term retention of course information is limited. We assessed 8th grade students' retention of U.S. history facts. Facts were reviewed after 1 week, 16 weeks or not re... | 10.1038/s44159-022-00089-1 | This study finds that spacing and retrieval practice can improve eighth- grade students’ knowledge of history facts across a 9-month period |
10.1177/0963721418806673 | 67,431,199 | Testing oneself with flash cards, using a clicker to respond to a teacher’s questions, and teaching another student are all effective ways to learn information. These learning strategies work, in part, because they require the retrieval of information from memory, a process known to enhance later memory. However, littl... | 10.1038/s44159-022-00089-1 | This brief review highlights evidence that retrieval practice can benefit learning as early as infancy |
10.1111/j.1467-9280.1993.tb00571.x | 104,012,010 | In a 9-year longitudinal investigation, 4 subjects learned and relearned 300 English-foreign language word pairs. Either 13 or 26 relearning sessions were administered at intervals of 14, 28, or 56 days. Retention was tested for 1.2.3. or 5 years after training terminated. The longer intersession intervals slowed down ... | 10.1038/s44159-022-00089-1 | This classic study demonstrates benefits of spaced retrieval practice (successive relearning) on the learning of foreign language vocabulary in adults over a period of 5 years |
10.1111/j.1745-6916.2006.00012.x | 20,686,982 | A powerful way of improving one's memory for material is to be tested on that material. Tests enhance later retention more than additional study of the material, even when tests are given without feedback. This surprising phenomenon is called the testing effect, and although it has been studied by cognitive psychologis... | 10.1038/s44159-022-00089-1 | This review details the history of psychology research on the retrieval practice effect and is contributing heavily to the resurgence of researcher interest in the topic |
10.1177/09637214221100484 | 142,595,334 | Successive relearning involves practicing a task until it is performed correctly and then practicing it again until it is performed correctly during other spaced practice sessions. Despite its widespread use outside of education, few students use this approach to obtain and maintain knowledge in formal educational sett... | 10.1038/s44159-022-00089-1 | This brief review discusses the method of successive relearning — an effective learning technique that combines spacing and retrieval — and its benefits |
10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143823 | 123,183,885 | Knowing how to manage one's own learning has become increasingly important in recent years, as both the need and the opportunities for individuals to learn on their own outside of formal classroom settings have grown. During that same period, however, research on learning, memory, and metacognitive processes has provid... | 10.1038/s44159-022-00089-1 | This review provides an overview of the cognitive psychology perspective on the metacognition of strategy planning and use |
10.1177/1745691620920723 | 100,130,580 | Surveys indicate that at all educational levels students often use relatively ineffective study strategies. One potential remedy is to include learning-strategy training into students’ educational experiences. A major challenge, however, is that it has proven difficult to design training protocols that support students... | 10.1038/s44159-022-00089-1 | This paper provides a framework for training students on how to use learning strategies |
10.1038/s41467-019-11319-1 | 4,786,641 | Abstract It is an open question whether aging-related changes throughout the brain are driven by a common factor or result from several distinct molecular mechanisms. Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI) provides biophysical parametric measurements allowing for non-invasive mapping of the aging human brain. H... | 10.1038/s42254-021-00326-1 | Shows that lipid composition of myelin may be captured by combination of qMRI parameters |
10.1126/sciadv.aaz9281 | 41,560,055 | Superficial white matter (SWM) contains the most cortico-cortical white matter connections in the human brain encompassing the short U-shaped association fibers. Despite its importance for brain connectivity, very little is known about SWM in humans, mainly due to the lack of noninvasive imaging methods. Here, we lay t... | 10.1038/s42254-021-00326-1 | Derives a biophysical model of iron-driven contrast in superficial white matter from first principles |
10.1073/pnas.1211075109 | 20,453,530 | Recent studies have shown that there is a direct link between the orientation of the nerve fibers in white matter (WM) and the contrast observed in magnitude and phase images acquired using gradient echo MRI. Understanding the origin of this link is of great interest because it could offer access to a new diagnostic to... | 10.1038/s42254-021-00326-1 | Explains the orientation dependence of gradient echo signal based on a hollow cylinder multi-compartment model of myelinated axons and myelin susceptibility tensor |
10.1073/pnas.1316944111 | 61,612,720 | Significance A major challenge in the physical and life sciences is to see the invisible by quantifying the structure of materials and living tissues below nominal imaging resolution. Measurement of molecular diffusion performed at a macroscopic level is a common noninvasive structural probe. Interpreting its results i... | 10.1038/s42254-021-00326-1 | Introduces universality classes of structural correlations and describes how they affect the MRI diffusion measurements |
10.1038/ncomms14873 | 125,143,659 | Abstract Surface functional groups constitute major electroactive components in pyrogenic carbon. However, the electrochemical properties of pyrogenic carbon matrices and the kinetic preference of functional groups or carbon matrices for electron transfer remain unknown. Here we show that environmentally relevant pyrog... | 10.1038/s43017-022-00306-8 | Emphasizes the importance of graphitic structures for the electron transfer capacity of high-temperature biochar |
10.1177/1948550620969608 | 97,378,093 | Although right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) and social dominance orientation (SDO) are the two most studied individual difference correlates of prejudice, debate remains over their status as enduring constructs that precede generalized prejudice. We contribute to this discussion using 10 annual waves of longitudinal dat... | 10.1038/s44159-023-00161-4 | This paper uses ten annual waves of longitudinal data to demonstrate that right-wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation predict annual within-person increases in prejudice. |
10.1098/rstb.2020.0424 | 109,388,629 | Although human existence is enveloped by ideologies, remarkably little is understood about the relationships between ideological attitudes and psychological traits. Even less is known about how cognitive dispositions—individual differences in how information is perceived and processed— sculpt individuals' ideological w... | 10.1038/s44159-023-00161-4 | This paper presents a comprehensive assessment of the cognitive underpinnings of ideology (including authoritarianism and social dominance orientation) using an impressive battery of behaviorally based measures of cognitive processing skills. |
10.1111/pops.12477 | 45,498,231 | Research on the dispositional origins of political preferences is flourishing, and the primary conclusion drawn from this work is that stronger needs for security and certainty attract people to a broad‐based politically conservative ideology. Though this literature covers much ground, most integrative assessments of i... | 10.1038/s44159-023-00161-4 | This paper identifies important nuances in the epistemic and existential correlates of (right-wing) political preferences, with particular attention to issue domain and the larger socio-political context. |
10.1111/pops.12313 | 103,478,855 | Two nationwide representative studies ( N = 653 adolescents; N = 1007 adults) investigated the psychological correlates of the intention to penalize public expressions of prejudice in the form of support for hate‐speech prohibition. We presented participants with preselected examples of hate speech from the Internet an... | 10.1038/s44159-023-00161-4 | This paper demonstrates that right-wing authoritarianism can be used to oppose hate speech in contexts where the expression of social biases is counter-normative. |
10.1038/s41467-022-31161-2 | 132,933,519 | Abstract Nanoplastic pollution, the final product of plastic waste fragmentation in the environment, represents an increasing concern for the scientific community due to the easier diffusion and higher hazard associated with their small sizes. Therefore, there is a pressing demand for effective strategies to quantify a... | 10.1038/s44222-023-00025-9 | This article describes an example of tactic robots where photogravitactic MXene-derived microrobots electrochemically detect and mop up nanoplastics in the 3D space |
10.1002/adfm.202101178 | 59,975,602 | Abstract Bacterial biofilms are multicellular communities firmly attached to solid extracellular substrates. They are considered the primary cause of huge economic losses, from medicine due to medical implants’ failure to large infrastructure due to enhanced pipe corrosion. Therefore, their eradication is highly desira... | 10.1038/s44222-023-00025-9 | This article reports intrinsically asymmetric Ag-doped ZnO microrobots that photocatalytically eliminate antibiotic-resistant bacterial biofilms |
10.1002/adfm.202101510 | 29,081,678 | Abstract The increasing use of polymers has led to an uncontrollable accumulation of polymer waste in the environment, evidencing the urgent need for effective and definitive strategies to degrade them. Here, self‐propelled light‐powered magnetic field‐navigable hematite/metal Janus microrobots that can actively move, ... | 10.1038/s44222-023-00025-9 | This article describes the photo-Fenton degradation of polymer chains using light-powered magnetically steerable metal–haematite Janus microrobots |
10.1038/s41467-022-28406-5 | 136,187,098 | Abstract Nano/micromotor technology is evolving as an effective method for water treatment applications in comparison to existing static mechanisms. The dynamic nature of the nano/micromotor particles enable faster mass transport and a uniform mixing ensuring an improved pollutant degradation and removal. Here we devel... | 10.1038/s44222-023-00025-9 | This article presents thermoresponsive magnetic nanorobots that pick up and release heavy metals and organic pollutants by changing the water temperature |
10.1002/anie.201900697 | 104,414,544 | Abstract We report lipase‐based nanomotors that are capable of enhanced Brownian motion over long periods of time in triglyceride solution and of degrading triglyceride droplets that mimic “blood lipids”. We achieved about 40 min of enhanced diffusion of lipase‐modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs) through a... | 10.1038/s44222-023-00025-9 | This article describes enzymatic nanorobots based on lipase-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles that accelerate oil-spill degradation |
10.1126/scirobotics.aaw2388 | 103,796,608 | Magnetically driven robots can perform complex functions in biological settings with minimal destruction. However, robots designed to damage deleterious biostructures may also be useful. Biofilms are intractable, firmly attached structures associated with drug-resistant infections and surface destruction. We designed c... | 10.1038/s44222-023-00025-9 | This article reports catalytic and magnetic robots that eradicate, degrade and prevent the regrowth of bacterial biofilm |
10.1002/anie.201804022 | 19,527,188 | Abstract The first photoinduced carbon(sp 2 )–heteroatom bond forming reaction by a rare‐earth‐metal photoreductant, a Miyaura borylation, has been achieved. This simple, scalable, and novel borylation method that makes use of the hexachlorocerate(III) anion ([Ce III Cl 6 ] 3− , derived from CeCl 3 ) has a broad substr... | 10.1038/s41929-020-00515-8 | The presented method uses cerium-based photocatalysts that enable simple and scalable photoinduced borylation of aryl bromides and chlorides with broad functional-group tolerance |
10.1126/science.1258232 | 125,060,498 | Doubling up on optically driven catalysis During photosynthesis, plants absorb light from the Sun four consecutive times before they accumulate enough energy to make oxygen from water. In contrast, when chemists harness light energy to promote reactivity, they tend to rely on single discrete absorption events. Ghosh et... | 10.1038/s41929-020-00515-8 | Demonstrates the way to overcome the energetic limitation in visible light photoredox catalysis by using conPET |
10.1002/anie.201703004 | 123,100,146 | Abstract Photosynthetic organisms exploit antenna chromophores to absorb light and transfer excitation energy to the reaction center where redox reactions occur. In contrast, in visible‐light chemical photoredox catalysis, a single species (i.e., the photoredox catalyst) absorbs light and performs the redox chemistry. ... | 10.1038/s41929-020-00515-8 | Two centre photoredox approach based on Ru bpy 3 Cl 2 and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons enables the photocatalytic application of arenes that do not absorb visible light |
10.1039/c8sc01829d | 124,118,314 | The first systems for efficient upconversion-based technologies in water have been developed and pave the way for novel green photochemistry. | 10.1038/s41929-020-00515-8 | Sensitized triplet–triplet annihilation enables the activation of C–Cl bond in a homogeneous aqueous environment |
10.1002/anie.201507782 | 80,546,509 | Abstract An oxygen switch in catalysis of the cobalamin derivative (B 12 )‐TiO 2 hybrid catalyst for the dechlorination of trichlorinated organic compounds has been developed. The covalently bound B 12 on the TiO 2 surface transformed trichlorinated organic compounds into an ester and amide by UV light irradiation unde... | 10.1038/s41929-020-00515-8 | Trichlorinated organic compounds can be selectively transformed into fine chemicals thanks to oxygen switchable B 12 TiO 2 catalyst |
10.1126/science.aad8313 | 104,409,455 | Copper's light touch forges C-N bonds Organic photochemistry has traditionally relied on excitation in the ultraviolet, where carbon-based compounds tend to absorb. Over the past decade, the field has undergone a renaissance as compounds that absorb visible light have proven to be versatile catalysts for organic reacti... | 10.1038/s41929-020-00515-8 | The authors describe a visible-light-driven, enantioconvergent C–N bond-forming reaction of tertiary alkyl chlorides catalysed by copper |
10.1126/science.1174251 | 104,352,031 | Stressful Self-Assembly One way to control shape during the assembly of an object is to design in stresses that cause a planned amount of deformation. Dietz et al. (p. 725 ; see the Perspective by Liu and Yan ) designed DNA helix bundles, arranged in honeycomb lattices, in which some of the helices have insertions or d... | 10.1038/s43586-020-00009-8 | This study demonstrates the construction of DNA origami shapes with quantitative twists and curvatures, by rational insertions and deletions of base pairs into and from the DNA bundles |
10.1126/science.1253920 | 81,885,531 | The future of RNA origami writ large Researchers have long fabricated intricate nanostructures from carefully linked DNA strands. Now they can use RNA made by gene expression, which avoids the costly strand synthesis and lengthy annealing steps necessary with DNA origami. Geary et al. used molecular modeling to extend ... | 10.1038/s43586-020-00009-8 | This study demonstrates the potential of synthesizing origami-like RNA nanostructures in biological systems |
10.1126/science.aaa5372 | 104,393,263 | Reconfigurable DNA structures DNA origami—nanostructures created by programming the assembly of single-stranded DNA through base pairing—can create intricate structures. However, such structures lack the flexible and reversible interactions more typical of biomolecular recognition. Gerling et al. created three-dimensio... | 10.1038/s43586-020-00009-8 | This study demonstrates that DNA origami structures can be further assembled into higher order yet dynamically reconfigurable structures based on shape complementarity rather than base pairing, which provides an approach to overcome the size limit of DNA origami |
10.1002/adma.201804785 | 39,938,983 | Abstract The recent decades have seen a surge of new nanomaterials designed for efficient drug delivery. DNA nanotechnology has been developed to construct sophisticated 3D nanostructures and artificial molecular devices that can be operated at the nanoscale, giving rise to a variety of programmable functions and fasci... | 10.1038/s43586-020-00009-8 | This review focuses on the progress in drug delivery application based on DNA origami |
10.1126/science.aad2080 | 62,605,467 | Controlled colloid bonding using DNA Colloidal particles can act as analogs of atoms for studying crystallization and packing behavior, but they don't naturally bond together the way atoms do. Short strands of DNA are one versatile way to link together colloidal particles (see the Perspective by Tao). Kim et al. design... | 10.1038/s43586-020-00009-8 | This study creates a diamond superlattice via the constrained packing of triangular binding footprints of DNA origami tetrahedra |
10.1126/science.1214081 | 103,712,863 | Nanorobots Deliver DNA aptamers are short strands that have high binding affinity for a target protein that can be used as triggers for releasing cargo from delivery vehicles. Douglas et al. (p. 831 ) used this strategy to design DNA origami “nanorobots”—complex shaped structures created by manipulating a long DNA stra... | 10.1038/s43586-020-00009-8 | This study reports a device controlled by an aptamer-encoded logic gate, enabling it to expose the payloads conditionally in response to different cues on the cell surface |
10.1126/science.aaw9855 | 103,876,127 | Mitochondria are organelles with their own genome that arose from α-proteobacteria living within single-celled Archaea more than a billion years ago. This step of endosymbiosis offered tremendous opportunities for energy production and metabolism and allowed the evolution of fungi, plants, and animals. However, less ap... | 10.1038/s42255-022-00686-7 | This commentary provides an overview of the metabolic co-dependence of mitochondria and the nucleus. |
10.1038/s41467-020-16571-4 | 123,263,500 | Abstract White adipose tissue inflammation, in part via myeloid cell contribution, is central to obesity pathogenesis. Mechanisms regulating adipocyte inflammatory potential and consequent impact of such inflammation in disease pathogenesis remain poorly defined. We show that activation of the type I interferon (IFN)/I... | 10.1038/s42255-022-00686-7 | This paper reports the adverse metabolic effects of IFNs in the obese adipose tissue. |
10.21468/scipostphys.6.4.046 | 19,472,353 | It has been proposed that topological insulators can be best characterized not as surface conductors, but as bulk magnetoelectrics that – under the right conditions– have a universal quantized magnetoelectric response coefficient \boldsymbol{e^2/2 h} 𝐞 2 / 2 𝐡 . However, it is not clear to what extent these condition... | 10.1038/s42254-020-0240-2 | Review of magnetoelectric responses and their connection to the effective polarization. |
10.1126/science.1261821 | 83,054,702 | Exciting nerve cells deep inside the brain Current techniques to stimulate regions inside the brain need a permanently implanted wire or an optical fiber. Working in mice, Chen et al. developed a method to overcome this problem (see the Perspective by Temel and Jahanshahi). They introduced heat-sensitive capsaicin rece... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00170-2 | This work is the first report of magneto-thermal stimulation in the deep brain of a mouse. |
10.1126/sciadv.abc4189 | 19,719,008 | Devices that electrically modulate the deep brain have enabled important breakthroughs in the management of neurological and psychiatric disorders. Such devices are typically centimeter-scale, requiring surgical implantation and wired-in powering, which increases the risk of hemorrhage, infection, and damage during dai... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00170-2 | This work presents the first application of nanoscale magnetoelectric coupling to control mouse behaviour. |
10.1126/sciadv.aaz3734 | 38,354,178 | The field of bioelectronic medicines seeks to modulate electrical signaling within peripheral organs, providing temporally precise control of physiological functions. This is usually accomplished with implantable devices, which are often unsuitable for interfacing with soft and highly vascularized organs. Here, we demo... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00170-2 | This work is the first report of magneto-thermal control of endocrine signalling mediated by endogenous TRPV1 in genetically intact rats. |
10.1038/s41467-022-30047-7 | 132,930,871 | Abstract The Tibetan Plateau’s Kobresia pastures store 2.5% of the world’s soil organic carbon (SOC). Climate change and overgrazing render their topsoils vulnerable to degradation, with SOC stocks declining by 42% and nitrogen (N) by 33% at severely degraded sites. We resolved these losses into erosion accounting for ... | 10.1038/s43017-022-00344-2 | Assesses degradation-induced soil organic carbon ( SOC) and nitrogen losses as well as related microbial functional changes, based on a meta-analysis of 594 observations |
10.1890/11-1408.1 | 83,528,369 | Uncertainty about the effects of warming and grazing on soil nitrogen (N) availability, species composition, and aboveground net primary production (ANPP) limits our ability to predict how global carbon sequestration will vary under future warming with grazing in alpine regions. Through a controlled asymmetrical warmin... | 10.1038/s43017-022-00344-2 | Assesses the effects of warming and grazing on soil N availability, species composition and plant aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) through a controlled asymmetrical warming with a grazing experiment |
10.1038/ismej.2015.19 | 17,740,943 | Abstract Warming has been shown to cause soil carbon (C) loss in northern grasslands owing to accelerated microbial decomposition that offsets increased grass productivity. Yet, a multi-decadal survey indicated that the surface soil C stock in Tibetan alpine grasslands remained relatively stable. To investigate this in... | 10.1038/s43017-022-00344-2 | Analyses the feedback responses of soil microbial communities to simulated warming by soil transplant in Tibetan grasslands |
10.1111/gcb.14823 | 123,234,020 | Abstract Subsoil contains more than half of soil organic carbon (SOC) globally and is conventionally assumed to be relatively unresponsive to warming compared to the topsoil. Here, we show substantial changes in carbon allocation and dynamics of the subsoil but not topsoil in the Qinghai‐Tibetan alpine grasslands over ... | 10.1038/s43017-022-00344-2 | Uses a manipulative soil warming experiment to compare warming effects on the composition and sourcing of SOC pools at different depths |
10.1002/ecs2.2233 | 38,240,229 | Abstract The Tibetan Plateau has the largest expanse of high‐elevation permafrost in the world, and it is experiencing climate warming that may jeopardize the functioning of its alpine ecosystems. Many studies have focused on the effects of climate warming on vegetation production and diversity on the Plateau, but thei... | 10.1038/s43017-022-00344-2 | Assesses the effect of warming on alpine ecosystems with and without permafrost, based on a synthesis of 12 warming experiments across the plateau |
10.1073/pnas.2025321118 | 135,519,468 | Significance Permafrost degradation may induce soil carbon (C) loss, critical for global C cycling, and be mediated by microbes. Despite larger C stored within the active layer of permafrost regions, which are more affected by warming, and the critical roles of Qinghai–Tibet Plateau in global C cycling, most previous s... | 10.1038/s43017-022-00344-2 | Examines how the diversity, composition and network structure of active layer microbial communities respond to permafrost degradation in alpine ecosystems of the QTP |
10.1126/sciadv.aaz3513 | 20,591,592 | Soil organic carbon (SOC) stored in permafrost across the high-latitude/altitude Northern Hemisphere represents an important potential carbon source under future warming. Here, we provide a comprehensive investigation on the spatiotemporal dynamics of SOC over the high-altitude Tibetan Plateau (TP), which has received ... | 10.1038/s43017-022-00344-2 | Assesses SOC stocks in the QTP permafrost based more than 100 site measurements and projects their future trends |
10.1063/1.5018310 | 41,435,200 | The use of optical scattering to measure feature shape and dimensions, scatterometry, is now routine during semiconductor manufacturing. Scatterometry iteratively improves an optical model structure using simulations that are compared to experimental data from an ellipsometer. These simulations are done using the rigor... | 10.1038/s41928-018-0150-9 | This paper describes the use of Mueller matrix spectroscopic ellipsometry based scatterometry for vertical gate all around structures, and presents uncertainty and sensitivity analysis for key process parameters |
10.1038/s41598-019-40156-x | 11,307,942 | Abstract Prior reports on geographical differences in sleep duration have relied on samples collected at different time points with a variety of subjective instruments. Using sleep data from a total of 553,559 nights from 23,680 Fitbit users (aged 15–80y), we found objective evidence for regional disparities in sleep d... | 10.1038/s44159-022-00074-8 | This is the largest objective assessment of young people’s sleep, and includes a comparative analysis of regions, gender and changes across the lifespan |
10.1093/sleep/zsab054 | 123,049,970 | Abstract Study Objectives To prospectively examine changes in adolescent sleep before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in adolescents with and without ADHD. Methods Participants were 122 adolescents (ages 15–17; 61% male; 48% with ADHD). Parents reported on adolescents’ sleep duration and difficulties initiating and ma... | 10.1038/s44159-022-00074-8 | This paper provides an excellent prospective description of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the sleep of adolescents |
10.1093/sleep/zsab180 | 128,075,103 | Abstract Study Objectives To examine associations among instructional approaches, school start times, and sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic in a large, nationwide sample of U.S. adolescents. Methods Cross-sectional, anonymous self-report survey study of a community-dwelling sample of adolescents (grades 6–12), recruit... | 10.1038/s44159-022-00074-8 | This timely study finds differences in adolescent sleep depending on the structure of the school day |
10.1111/jsr.12371 | 123,074,584 | Summary In the last three decades the two‐process model of sleep regulation has served as a major conceptual framework in sleep research. It has been applied widely in studies on fatigue and performance and to dissect individual differences in sleep regulation. The model posits that a homeostatic process (Process S) in... | 10.1038/s44159-022-00074-8 | This paper provides an updated account of the most powerful framework for understanding the biological underpinnings of adolescent sleep |
10.1111/j.1365-2869.2005.00467.x | 80,788,489 | Summary Sleep tendency (latency to sleep onset) was examined during extended waking in prepubertal and mature adolescents to determine whether sleep pressure is lower near bedtime in the latter group. Participants were nine prepubertal (pubertal stage Tanner 1, mean age 11.1 years, SD ± 1.3 years, five males) and 11 pu... | 10.1038/s44159-022-00074-8 | This is the first and only study to objectively measure the waking portion of the sleep homeostatic process in adolescents |
10.1093/sleep/zsaa132 | 75,483,553 | Abstract Study Objectives We investigated biological and behavioral rhythm period lengths (i.e. taus) of delayed sleep–wake phase disorder (DSWPD) and non-24-hour sleep–wake rhythm disorder (N24SWD). Based on circadian phase timing (temperature and dim light melatonin onset), DSWPD participants were dichotomized into a... | 10.1038/s44159-022-00074-8 | This study confirms that circadian rhythm is longer in those diagnosed with a circadian rhythm disorder |
10.1016/j.adolescence.2018.06.001 | 45,501,047 | ABSTRACT The maturation of sleep regulatory systems during adolescence in combination with psychosocial and societal pressures culminate in a “Perfect Storm” of short and ill‐timed sleep and the associated consequences for many youngsters. This model, first described by Carskadon in 2011, guides our current thinking of... | 10.1038/s44159-022-00074-8 | This is a review of the biological and psychosocial factors that influence an adolescent’s sleep |
10.1177/1059840520966011 | 13,919,921 | Sleeping difficulties are increasingly prevalent among adolescents and have negative consequences for their health, well-being, and education. The aim of this study was to illuminate the meanings of adolescents’ lived experiences of sleeping difficulties. The data were obtained from narrative interviews with 16 adolesc... | 10.1038/s44159-022-00074-8 | This paper provides rich qualitative information about adolescents’ experiences of sleeplessness |
10.1111/jpc.12840 | 20,286,928 | Abstract Melatonin is a hormone produced by the pineal gland during the night in response to light/dark information received by the retina and its integration by the suprachiasmatic nucleus. When administered to selected populations of adults, in particular those displaying delayed sleep phase disorder, melatonin may a... | 10.1038/s44159-022-00074-8 | This paper presents a critique of the scientific evidence supporting the use of melatonin as a treatment for paediatric sleep problems |
10.1182/blood-2012-10-462689 | 122,486,400 | Key Points The secreted lymphangiogenic protein CCBE1 is essential for fetal but not postnatal erythropoiesis. Loss of CCBE1 impairs erythroblastic island formation and function. | 10.1038/s44161-022-00152-3 | This paper reports the role of CCBE1 in fetal liver hematopoiesis. |
10.1182/blood-2015-12-687970 | 115,291,097 | Key Points Vegfc is essential for mobilization, maturation, and enucleation of primitive erythroblasts. Vegfc deletion compromises liver colonization by erythro-myeloid progenitors and subsequent macrophage/erythroid expansion. | 10.1038/s44161-022-00152-3 | This paper reports the role of VEGF-C in fetal liver hematopoiesis. |
10.1242/jcs.111.13.1853 | 83,545,764 | Interendothelial junctions play an important role in the regulation of endothelial functions, such as vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, and vascular permeability. In this paper we show that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a potent inducer of new blood vessels and vascular permeability in vivo, stimulated the mig... | 10.1038/s44161-022-00152-3 | This paper demonstrates how VEGF induces VE-cadherin phosphorylation to control endothelial permeability. |
10.1083/jcb.200602080 | 82,114,560 | Receptor endocytosis is a fundamental step in controlling the magnitude, duration, and nature of cell signaling events. Confluent endothelial cells are contact inhibited in their growth and respond poorly to the proliferative signals of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In a previous study, we found that the a... | 10.1038/s44161-022-00152-3 | This paper shows how VE-cadherin inhibits VEGFR2 trafficking to endosomes, an event that is required for growth factor signaling. |
10.22331/q-2021-12-06-597 | 133,650,241 | We show a superpolynomial oracle separation between the power of adiabatic quantum computation with no sign problem and the power of classical computation. | 10.1038/s42254-021-00313-6 | The first example of a superpolynomial quantum speedup using stoquastic ground- state reverse annealing |
10.1038/s41467-018-05378-z | 125,187,454 | Abstract Genetic engineering projects are rapidly growing in scale and complexity, driven by new tools to design and construct DNA. There is increasing concern that widened access to these technologies could lead to attempts to construct cells for malicious intent, illegal drug production, or to steal intellectual prop... | 10.1038/s43588-022-00240-1 | The first study to predict the lab of origin of engineered DNA using deep learning |
10.1038/s41467-020-19612-0 | 17,197,849 | Abstract The promise of biotechnology is tempered by its potential for accidental or deliberate misuse. Reliably identifying telltale signatures characteristic to different genetic designers, termed ‘genetic engineering attribution’, would deter misuse, yet is still considered unsolved. Here, we show that recurrent neu... | 10.1038/s43588-022-00240-1 | An article that presents a recurrent neural network approach to predicting the lab-of-origin |
10.1038/s41467-021-21180-w | 58,786,453 | Abstract With advances in synthetic biology and genome engineering comes a heightened awareness of potential misuse related to biosafety concerns. A recent study employed machine learning to identify the lab-of-origin of DNA sequences to help mitigate some of these concerns. Despite their promising results, this deep l... | 10.1038/s43588-022-00240-1 | An article that presents a pan-genome method for lab-of-origin prediction and previous state-of-the-art |
10.1038/s41467-018-05055-1 | 104,050,592 | Abstract Heterogeneous catalysis is an enabling technology that utilises transition metal nanoparticles (NPs) supported on oxides to promote chemical reactions. Structural mismatch at the NP–support interface generates lattice strain that could affect catalytic properties. However, detailed knowledge about strain in su... | 10.1038/s41929-019-0364-x | Platinum nanoparticles anchored to γ Al 2 O 3 or CeO 2 show different levels of strain which the authors quantify and they calculate the optimal Pt NP strain pattern for CO oxidation |
10.1038/ncomms15802 | 103,342,078 | Abstract Catalysing the reduction of oxygen in acidic media is a standing challenge. Although activity of platinum, the most active metal, can be substantially improved by alloying, alloy stability remains a concern. Here we report that platinum nanoparticles supported on graphite-rich boron carbide show a 50–100% incr... | 10.1038/s41929-019-0364-x | Platinum nanoparticles supported on boron carbide outperform commercial Pt/C in terms of activity and stability, which is ascribed to an electronic metal-support interaction |
10.1002/smtd.201800202 | 123,135,569 | Abstract Electrocatalytic reduction of nitrogen (N 2 ) at ambient conditions is an alternative strategy to produce ammonia (NH 3 ) to complement the commonly applied Haber–Bosch process. However, the achievement of high Faradaic efficiencies and high NH 3 yield is still challenging. Here, Au single sites stabilized on ... | 10.1038/s41929-019-0364-x | Gold nanoparticles are positively charged on a C 2 N noble carbon support, making them active for ammonia synthesis |
10.1038/s41467-017-00421-x | 62,203,157 | Abstract Controlling the charge transfer between a semiconducting catalyst carrier and the supported transition metal active phase represents an elite strategy for fine turning the electronic structure of the catalytic centers, hence their activity and selectivity. These phenomena have been theoretically and experiment... | 10.1038/s41929-019-0364-x | The selectivity of Pd/C catalysts in cinnamaldehyde hydrogenation is regulated by functional groups on the support surface, because of electronic charge redistribution at the Pd-C interface |
10.1126/science.1258106 | 59,544,206 | Supported nanoparticles make the reaction faster Several techniques now allow surface structures used as catalysts to be probed during exposure to reactive gases, as opposed to under vacuum conditions. Divins et al. used near-ambient-pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to compare the effect of reaction gases on u... | 10.1038/s41929-019-0364-x | Rh and Pd are uniformly distributed in unsupported bimetallic nanoparticles at conditions close to ethanol steam reforming, whereas in CeO 2 -supported bimetallic NP under the same conditions, Pd is enriched at the NP surface in and Rh coordinates to the support |
10.1126/sciadv.1700231 | 83,038,306 | The classical strong metal–support interaction between TiO 2 and IB metals was demonstrated. | 10.1038/s41929-019-0364-x | Coverage of gold nanoparticles by TiO 2 suboxides occurs during H 2 treatment at elevated temperature and limits accessibility of the Au surface, thereby quenching CO oxidation reactivity |
10.1038/s41467-018-06903-w | 20,651,944 | Abstract Interactions between metal nanoparticles and support materials can strongly influence the performance of catalysts. In particular, reducible oxidic supports can form suboxides that can decorate metal nanoparticles and enhance catalytic performance or block active sites. Therefore, tuning this metal-support int... | 10.1038/s41929-019-0364-x | Reduction-oxidation-reduction pretreatments are applied to mitigate cobalt nanoparticle coverage by TiO 2 or Nb 2 O 5 suboxides and lead to twice the exposed cobalt surface and activity in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis |
10.1038/s41467-019-13805-y | 38,311,505 | Abstract Genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 viability screens performed in cancer cell lines provide a systematic approach to identify cancer dependencies and new therapeutic targets. As multiple large-scale screens become available, a formal assessment of the reproducibility of these experiments becomes necessary. We analyze da... | 10.1038/s43586-021-00093-4 | This study shows that CRISPR screens in cancer cell lines can yield consistent and reproducible results across different centres |
10.1126/science.1155309 | 29,321,300 | Atomic quantum gases in the strong-correlation regime offer unique possibilities to explore a variety of many-body quantum phenomena. Reaching this regime has usually required both strong elastic and weak inelastic interactions because the latter produce losses. We show that strong inelastic collisions can actually inh... | 10.1038/s42254-020-0195-3 | This work demonstrates how to use optical lattices and dissipation by inelastic collisions to reach the strongly correlated regime of many-body physics |
10.1126/science.aaa8736 | 83,509,853 | Visualizing edge states in atomic systems Visualizing edge states in atomic systems Simulating the solid state using ultracold atoms is an appealing research approach. In solids, however, the charged electrons are susceptible to an external magnetic field, which curves their trajectories and makes them skip along the e... | 10.1038/s42254-020-0195-3 | Together with ref. 199, this work uses an optical lattice to engineer synthetic dimensions and shows how to use this as a tool for the simulation of quantum Hall physics |
10.1126/science.aar4462 | 41,742,921 | In August 2017, the Gulf of Mexico’s hypoxic zone was declared to be the largest ever measured. It has been estimated that a 60% decrease in watershed nitrogen (N) loading may be necessary to adequately reduce eutrophication in the Gulf. However, to date there has been no rigorous assessment of the effect of N legacies... | 10.1038/s43017-021-00152-0 | Revealed how the legacy of nitrogen pollution in soils will eventually reach the coastal ocean, even after sources are controlled |
10.1038/s41598-018-20806-2 | 18,430,617 | Abstract Riverine and atmospheric inputs are often considered as the main terrestrial sources of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), phosphorus (DIP), and silicon (DSi) in the ocean. However, the fluxes of nutrients via submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) often exceed riverine inputs in different local and regional s... | 10.1038/s43017-021-00152-0 | A global estimate of total SGD-derived nutrient fluxes into the ocean |
10.1126/science.aag1058 | 61,380,070 | Water dissolving and water removing Not all groundwater ends up flowing into rivers. Some is discharged directly into the ocean along the coast. Although much lower in volume than water transported by rivers, such submarine groundwater discharge can be a hidden source of dissolved ions, nutrients, or contaminants from ... | 10.1038/s43017-021-00152-0 | Continental-scale modelling revealing hotspots of fresh SGD and nutrient inputs in the United States |
10.1038/s41467-020-15064-8 | 41,564,736 | Abstract The flow of fresh groundwater may provide substantial inputs of nutrients and solutes to the oceans. However, the extent to which hydrogeological parameters control groundwater flow to the world’s oceans has not been quantified systematically. Here we present a spatially resolved global model of coastal ground... | 10.1038/s43017-021-00152-0 | A global modelling effort to estimate fresh SGD, identifying regional hotspots |
10.1073/pnas.1419049112 | 125,212,919 | The Mediterranean Sea (MS) is a semienclosed basin that is considered one of the most oligotrophic seas in the world. In such an environment, inputs of allochthonous nutrients and micronutrients play an important role in sustaining primary productivity. Atmospheric deposition and riverine runoff have been traditionally... | 10.1038/s43017-021-00152-0 | A large-scale investigation revealing that SGD-derived nutrient fluxes exceed river inputs in the Mediterranean. |
10.1038/s41598-017-07147-2 | 20,239,528 | Abstract Throughout the world, nitrogen (N) losses from intensive agricultural production may end up as undesirably high concentrations of nitrate in groundwater with a long-term impact on groundwater quality. This has human and environmental health consequences, due to the use of groundwater as a drinking water resour... | 10.1038/s43017-021-00152-0 | Revealed an overall decrease of regional groundwater nitrate concentrations after implementation of agricultural nitrogen management |
10.1038/s41467-020-14946-1 | 62,618,688 | Abstract Climate change and urbanization can increase pressures on groundwater resources, but little is known about how groundwater quality will change. Here, we use a global synthesis ( n = 9,404) to reveal the drivers of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), which is an important component of water chemistry and substrate ... | 10.1038/s43017-021-00152-0 | Revealed that groundwater quality will decrease with climate and land-use change |
10.3390/hydrology5040060 | 20,624,090 | Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is a global and well-studied geological process by which groundwater of varying salinities enters coastal waters. SGD is known to transport bioactive solutes, including but not limited to nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorous, silica), gases (methane, carbon dioxide), and trace metals (... | 10.1038/s43017-021-00152-0 | The first review of biological effects of SGD in multiple coastal ecosystems |
10.1126/science.1217737 | 40,301,745 | Size Matters Less X-ray crystallography is a central research tool for uncovering the structures of proteins and other macromolecules. However, its applicability typically requires growth of large crystals, in part because a sufficient number of molecules must be present in the lattice for the sample to withstand x-ray... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00141-7 | This paper describes the first demonstration of high-resolution (1.9 Å) SFX using the model system lysozyme. |
10.1063/1.3693040 | 101,453,731 | We describe a liquid jet injector system developed to deliver fully solvated microscopic target species into a probe beam under either vacuum or ambient conditions. The injector was designed specifically for x-ray scattering studies of biological nanospecies using x-ray free electron lasers and third generation synchro... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00141-7 | This paper is a primary reference for the GDVN sample injector. |
10.1126/science.aac5492 | 4,857,622 | Observing ultrafast myoglobin dynamics The oxygen-storage protein myoglobin was the first to have its three-dimensional structure determined and remains a workhorse for understanding how protein structure relates to function. Barends et al. used x-ray free-electron lasers with femtosecond short pulses to directly obser... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00141-7 | This was the first sub-picosecond time resolution SFX study, on carboxymyoglobin, showing both large-scale motions and coherent oscillations of side chains upon photolysis of the haem–CO bond. This work reached a time resolution orders of magnitude better than previously obtained at a synchrotron source. |
10.1126/science.1259357 | 100,317,741 | Serial femtosecond crystallography using ultrashort pulses from x-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) enables studies of the light-triggered dynamics of biomolecules. We used microcrystals of photoactive yellow protein (a bacterial blue light photoreceptor) as a model system and obtained high-resolution, time-resolved dif... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00141-7 | This is the first pump–probe SFX study, on photoactive yellow protein, at nanosecond time resolution. |
10.1126/science.1234273 | 102,436,797 | One Protein, Two Probes A central challenge in the use of x-ray diffraction to characterize macromolecular structure is the propensity of the high-energy radiation to damage the sample during data collection. Recently, a powerful accelerator-based, ultrafast x-ray laser source has been used to determine the geometric s... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00141-7 | In this work, X-ray emission spectra are recorded concomitantly with SFX diffraction data collection, allowing on-line monitoring of the oxidation state of the metal ions of the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II, showing no X-ray photoreduction. |
10.1126/science.1244142 | 80,608,568 | G Structures G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) are eukaryotic membrane proteins that have a central role in cellular communication and have become key drug targets. To overcome the difficulties of growing GPCRs crystals, Liu et al. (p. 1521 ) used an x-ray free-electron laser to determine a high-resolution structure ... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00141-7 | This is the first demonstration of GPCR structure determination by SFX using microcrystals grown in LCP. |
10.33140/pcii.06.01.02 | 156,237,982 | The Nyiragongo volcano in the western part of the African Rift has the deep fractures that a facilite the upwelling of gases before and after the eruption, especially carbon dioxide (CO2 ). This paper presents the behaviour of carbon dioxide before and after the eruption on 22 May 2021. The Nyiragongo volcano eruption ... | 10.1038/s41598-022-11149-0 | the easiest access to this source is via the URL |
10.1093/hesc/9780198727606.001.0001 | 150,656,334 | Electron Paramagnetic Resonance starts off with an overview of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The first chapter presents the theory of continuous wave (CW) EPR spectroscopy. The text then goes on to look at experimental methods in CW EPR and isotropic EPR spectra of organic radicals. It also examin... | 10.1038/s43586-021-00031-4 | This thorough and well-written introduction to EPR is recommended for those with a chemistry background and is far more accessible than most detailed EPR texts |
10.5194/mr-2020-13 | 37,952,365 | Abstract. Dipolar EPR spectroscopy (DEER and other techniques) enables the structural characterization of macromolecular and biological systems by measurement of distance distributions between unpaired electrons on a nanometer scale. The inference of these distributions from the measured signals is challenging due to t... | 10.1038/s43586-021-00031-4 | This state-of-the-art overview of advanced EPR techniques includes the theoretical principles of EPR and the calculation of EPR parameters, common experimental techniques such as pulse EPR, multi-frequency EPR and double resonance techniques, and important applications |
10.1039/9781788013888-00130 | 55,261,982 | Species bearing unpaired electrons, including paramagnetic redox metal centres, surface defect centres, reactive oxygen species, adsorbed radical anions, are often involved in catalytic reactions. These species can be readily and thoroughly interrogated using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, providin... | 10.1038/s43586-021-00031-4 | This review summarizes and highlights the applications of EPR in heterogeneous, homogeneous, photocatalytic and microporous materials, all of which are of vital importance to the field of catalysis |
10.1126/science.1133734 | 83,551,662 | We show that the quantum spin Hall (QSH) effect, a state of matter with topological properties distinct from those of conventional insulators, can be realized in mercury telluride–cadmium telluride semiconductor quantum wells. When the thickness of the quantum well is varied, the electronic state changes from a normal ... | 10.1038/s42005-018-0094-4 | The experimental observation of the quantum spin Hall effect, paving the way toward electrical manipulation of spins and spin currents with little or no dissipation |
10.1126/science.1246833 | 20,869,411 | Nanoimaged Polaritons Engineered heterostructures consisting of thin, weakly bound layers can exhibit many attractive electronic properties. Dai et al. (p. 1125 ) used infrared nanoimaging on the surface of hexagonal boron nitride crystals to detect phonon polaritons, collective modes that originate in the coupling of ... | 10.1038/s42254-020-0224-2 | This paper shows the existence of highly confined low-loss phonon-polaritons in hexagonal boron nitride |
10.1126/science.aar8438 | 62,597,778 | Light confined to a single atomic layer The development of nanophotonic technology is reliant on the ability to confine light to spatial dimensions much less than the wavelength of the light itself. Typically, however, in metal plasmonic approaches, there is a trade-off between confinement and losses. Alcaraz Iranzo et... | 10.1038/s42254-020-0224-2 | This study demonstrates an ultimate limit of confinement of graphene plasmons, showing by means of graphene–gold structures that graphene plasmons can be confined to single-nanometre dimensions |
10.2478/v10155-010-0092-x | 82,809,994 | Macroscopic quantum electrodynamics - Concepts and applications In this article, we review the principles of macroscopic quantum electrodynamics and discuss a variety of applications of this theory to medium-assisted atom-field coupling and dispersion forces. The theory generalises the standard mode expansion of the el... | 10.1038/s42254-020-0224-2 | This review paper derives the framework of macroscopic quantum electrodynamics, and reviews its application to practical problems in light–matter interaction, such as enhanced spontaneous emission, Casimir–Polder forces and cavity QED strong coupling |
10.1126/science.aaf6308 | 123,876,812 | Making the forbidden allowed Spontaneous emission, in which an excited electron lowers its energy by emitting a photon, is a fundamental process in light-matter interactions. In principle, the electron can relax from the excited state to any unoccupied lower energy level. In practice, however, most of these transitions... | 10.1038/s42254-020-0224-2 | This paper predicts situations in which the confinement of plasmons in 2D materials is sufficient to allow ‘forbidden’ decays (for example, multipolar and multiplasmon decays) to be nearly as fast as allowed decays |
10.1177/1362361315576221 | 38,310,682 | Our objective was to obtain an in-depth understanding of autistic adults’ experiences with healthcare and their recommendations for improving care. Our academic–community partnership used a community-based participatory research approach to conduct semi-structured, open-ended interviews with 39 autistic adults and 16 p... | 10.1038/s44159-022-00099-z | This qualitative study, which adopts a community-based participatory approach, presents a thorough analysis of the individual-level, provider-level and system-level factors that impact autistic people’s interactions with the healthcare system |
10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01954.x | 38,349,782 | Autistics are presumed to be characterized by cognitive impairment, and their cognitive strengths (e.g., in Block Design performance) are frequently interpreted as low-level by-products of high-level deficits, not as direct manifestations of intelligence. Recent attempts to identify the neuroanatomical and neurofunctio... | 10.1038/s44159-022-00099-z | This pioneering study refutes the long-standing view that the majority of autistic people are intellectually impaired |
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